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Chapter - 1
Samayasāra
inauspicious karma (āsava-samvara-nijjara-bamdho) influx of karmic matter and its stoppage, bondage [of karma] and its partial eradication, (mokkho ya) and final emancipation-is samyaktva i.e., right faith and right knowledge.
Annotations:
In this verse, Acārya Kundakunda enumerated nine categories of truth and asserts that the right faith and right knowledge consist in knowing them and their ultimate nature.
The previous verses were a sort of preamble to the subject proper which is being now dealt with. The nine tattvas enumerated in the verse will form the subject of the nine chapters of the book which follow, the first chapter being jīva. Belief in these real existents (tattvas) is the right faith and knowledge of their ultimate nature, without doubt or error, is right knowledge. Since each of them is dealt with at length in the succeeding chapters, here we shall only give a brief description of each.
1. Jīva-conscious substance (soul)
2. Ajīva-substance which is devoid of consciousness (physical order of existence-matter)
These two are the primary tattvas or padarthas (categories of truth) and the rest are derivatives of their interactions-
3. Punya-auspicious karma; its fruition results in enjoyment; 4. Papa-inauspicious karma its fruition results in suffering; 5. Aśrava-psychic tendencies which result in the influx of karmic matter;
6. Samvara-psychic tendencies which block or inhibit the influx of karmic matter;
7. Nirjarā-austere activities which lead to the annihilation of karma and result in partial spiritual purification; 8. Bandha-bondage of karmic matter with jīva; 9. Mokṣa-final emancipation-total spiritual purification.
In the cosmos jiva is situated in an environment of ajiva or inanimate substances of which pudgala or matter is of primary importance. The interaction is mainly between jīva and matter and this is without a beginning. The spiritual advancement consists in progressive purity of jiva from material defilement and culminates
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