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S. B. DEO
No attempts at killing living beings, deliberately or otherwise, or harassing them, were allowed.77 He had, therefore, to avoid watery regions, or shaky bridges or muddy places.78 Normally, he avoided that path which was infested with robbers, Dasuga (Dasyu ?), Milakkhu or such other aņāriya people.79 He was to avoid such regions which were not friendly or which had no king or where anarchy prevailed,80 or where the army was encamped. The avoidance of politically unsafe regions or army camps was advocated due to the likelihood of people suspecting the monk to be a spy.81 With a view of not getting involved in them, the monk avoided skirmishes and playgrounds.82
The proper road, according to the Sthānānga, was that along which a cart, a chariot or any other vehicle generally went; or that on which elephants, horses, asses, camels, cows and buffaloes went; or that which was resorted to by men and women; or that which was scorched by the sun's heat, or lastly, that which was ploughed or worked upon (sastrapariņata). Along such a road, the monk walked looking forward to a distance of four cubits (jugamāyam).83 In the case of forests, the monk was to avoid such as could not be crossed with certainty in one or at the most in five days.84
Water Travel :
No water travel was allowed to a monk or a nun in a boat bought or repaired by their host. In other cases, they were allowed to enter a boat with the permission of the owner. Then, going apart, they scanned their requisites, wiped the whole body, gave up the householder's food (sāgāram bhattam), and then stepped into the boat carefully. No part in either making the boat move, or piloting it, or pulling or pushing it, was to be taken by the monk. So also, he was not allowed to stop the leakage of the boat.85
If the boatman threw him into the water, then the monk was allowed to forego his requisites due to their weight, and was allowed to swim to the shore. Then standing on a clean spot, he waited till his body got dry. He was not allowed to wipe it or shake it for quick drying.86
77. Ibid., II, 3, 1, 6-7 (p. 137); II, 3, 3, 13 (p. 147); Dsv. 5, 12. 78. Ibid., 5, 65. 79. Acār. II, 3, 1, 7-9 (pp. 137-38). 80. lbid., II, 3, 1, 10 (p. 138). 81. Ibid., II, 3, 2, 16 (p. 144); Stk. 1, 3, 1, 16 (p. 263) 82. Dšv. 5, 12. 83. Acār. II, 3, 1, 6 (p. 137). 84. Ibid., II, 3, 1, 11 (p. 138). 85. Ibid., II, 3, 1, 13-21 (pp. 139-41). 86. Ibid., II, 3, 2, 2-7 (pp. 141-42).
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