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322
S. B. DEO disciples of Bhadrabāhu did on the mountain Vebhāra)-all these are recorded in short references.578 Disposal of the Dead :
No details are to be found in the Chedasūtras or other texts regarding funeral rites of a monk.
The Byhatkalpa gives only one rule regarding it which lets us know that the body of the dead was taken to a very clean place, (bahuphāsuë egante thandile) with the help of necessary material taken from the householder (sāgāriyasantië uvagaranajāë), and after the funeral was over that material was returned to the owner again.579
It seems that the dead was covered with a piece of cloth (kappa),580 and was carried by those who waited upon him in his illness. The Avaśyakaniryukti581 says that the body of Rşabha was burnt after death, and this might have been the general practice followed in the case of other monks also.
If a monk died (āhacca visambhejjā) in the street, he was removed to a place free from living beings, and his usable requisites were used by others with the permission of the guru.582
MORAL DISCIPLINE AND SELF-CONTROL:
We have already seen the wide basis of moral discipline that underlay the whole outlook in general, and every sundry rule of monastic conduct in particular, as revealed in the Angas.
The Chedasūtras and the Niryuktis refer frequently to the same fundamentals of monastic life as would be clear from the following details. Self-control :
Utmost self-control and the nipping in the bud the chances of the rise of passions was the motto of the monk. The three protections (gupti) pertaining to mind (mana), speech (vāk) and body (kāya), the five controls (samiti) regarding movement (iryā), speech (bhāṣā), begging (eşaņā), deposition and taking of requisites (ādānabhāņdanikşepana), and the deposition of bodily dirt (uccārapāsakhelasinghānajallapāriţthavaniyā) are mentioned,583
578. Uttana-N. 89-93. 579. 4, 24. 580. Ogha-N. 706; 'mrtasya upari dîyate kalpah', comm.: p. 213b. 581. Vs. 225-26; pp. 2005, 201a. 582. Vav. 7, 17. 583. Aup. p. 65.
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