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YAPANIYA SANGHA:
Regarding the origin of this Sangha, two different theories are
HISTORY OF JAINA MONACHISM
advocated:
(1) Devasena in his Darśanasära refers to a tradition which assigns the origin of this Sangha to Srikalasa, a Svetämbara monk, who is said to have started it at Kalyana in V.E. 205.
(2) Another account refers to a certain queen of the king of Karahataka. She is said to have asked these monks to give up the use of clothes. Thus she desired to create good will about them in the mind of the king.361
This is said to have resulted in the adoption of the practice of nudity without, at the same time, giving up of the rest of the practices of the Svetambaras by the Yapaniyas.
This dual allegiance to the practices of both the seets hy the Yanonivas, however, led the writer of the Nitisära to denounce them as "jainähhae" (those who have an outward appearance or semblance of Jaina monks),362
Even though this sect obtained royal patronage from the Kadambas,343 they, being disowned by both the major sects of the Jainas, either dwindled into extinction, or merged into the Digambara fold.
555
The earliest mentioned to the Yapaniyas, if we accept the line of thought of JAYASWAL, SHAH and others, may be said to be that from the inscription of Khāravela (2nd cent. B.C.),364
(a) Anvayas:
From several epigraphs, however, it appears that this Sangha was popular in Karnatak and its surrounding areas.
(b) Gacchas:
(1) Kirtyācārya (2) Mailapa,366
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(1) Kotimaduva367 (2) Nandi,368
361. UPADHYE, BUJ., I, pt. vi, May, 1933, pp. 224-31.
362. JSB., VII, i, p. 3.
363. Particularly Mrgeśavarman (475-90 A.D.); I.A., VI, pp. 22-27; VII, pp. 33-35.
364. JBORS, IV, p. 389.
365. I.A., XII. p. 11.
366. Ibid., XVIII, p. 309. 367. E.I., IX, No. 6. 368. Ibid,
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