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HISTORY OF JAINA MONACHISM
583
(14) Depositing excreta in a house, or at the front of the house or at the door or at the open verandah, or in a house where there is a dead body (?), or on the ash of a burnt body or on a pillar for the dead, etc., or in a temple or on mud; or in a new earth-mine (mattiyākhānī), or in a grove of umbara or banyan or aśvattha trees; or in a sugar-cane field or rice-field or cotton-field; or where vegetables are sown (?); or in an aśoka, sattivanna, campaka, or mango grove or such other places where flowers, fruits, leaves and seeds abound.38
(15) Making a seat or a bed, performing 'ālocanā', eating food, easing nature, studying, or giving instructions or reading to others—at the root of a tree containing living beings (sacittarukkhamülamsi).39
(16) Entering the nunnery in an improper way, or keeping a stick, a staff, a broom, a mouthpiece or any other article in the path of the nuns.40
(17) Creating new quarrels or re-raising old pacified quarrels.41 (18) Laughing with a wide open (vipphāliya) mouth.42 (19) Smelling a fagrance kept on lifeless things.43 (20) Speaking harsh or false, or asking for a stolen article.44
(21) Making or sounding (musical tunes) through the mouth, teeth, lips, nose, armpits, hands, nails, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds or grass.45
(22) Giving company to or accepting the company of a person of loose morals and bad behaviour.46
BEGGING AND FOOD :
(1) Entering the 'thavana-kulas' for alms without knowing anything about them (beforehand) or without asking (them).47
(2) Accepting alms given with a hand, ladle or pot which is besmeared with dust, earth, dew, salt, maņosila, vanniya, geruya, white earth, hingula, collyrium, powder, kakkusa, floor, kantava, roots and bulbs, singabera or flowers.48
38. Ibid., 3, 70-78. 39. Ibid., 5, 1-11. 40. Ibid., 4, 24. 41. Ibid., 4, 25-26. 42. Ibid., 4, 27. 43. Ibid., 2, 9. 44. Ibid., 2, 18-20. 45. Ibid., 5, 36-59. 46. Ibid., 4, 28-37. 47. Ibid., 4, 22. 48. Ibid., 4, 38-39.
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