________________
HISTORY OF JAINA MONACHISM
393
less the same rules while adding minor ones here and there, as will be seen from the following account. The Time for Seeking a Residence :
A party was sent in advance to search out a proper residence and that was done with the consent of all. After hearing the reports of the party, the ācārya decided to fix a particular place for the next stay. If the ācārya did not consult all, then he, as also the monks if they refused to carry out his decision, had to undergo a prāyaścitta called 'māsa
laghu'.114
The proper time for seeking a residence was the first half of this day. To avoid trouble from the police or wild beasts or prostitutes and others residence was not to be sought in the evening. If, however, they did not get any other, then the monks were allowed to enter a particular suitable place even in the evening. They had to go to a garden or an empty house or a temple early next morning.
Other rules regarding the reservation of the place for the guru, the space to be kept in between the two monks, the method of sleeping and the sequence of allotting space to different members of the gaccha were the same as those given in the Niryuktis.115
of the placed of sleepirere the
Proper and Improper Residence :
The principal rules like the non-acceptance of such residences as were full of women, eunuchs and beasts and which were likely to make a monk go astray, seem to have remained the same.116
The Brhatkalpabhāşya refers to nine kinds of residences :
(1) Kālātikrāntā - where a monk lived for a period exceeding the normal one,
(2) Upasthāpanā—that in which the monk had to return to the same place again (immediately),
(3) Abhikrāntā — that which had been formerly resorted to by heretics,
(4) Anabhikrāntā - that which was not resorted to by the heretics,
(5) Varjyā - that which had been originally built for himself by the owner, but later on handed over to the monks,
114. Byh. kalp. bhā. Vol. II, 1456-63; Rules regarding sending the party, its composition and other details: Ibid. 1479ff,
115. Ibid. Vol. IV, 4372-4412.
116. Ibid. Vol. II, 1496-97; Vol. I, 588-9; Vim. 13, 15-17. BULL. DCRI.—50
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
