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HISTORY OF JAINA MONACHISM
299
the story of two monks who used collyrium so that they could become invisible and steal the food of the king Candragupta for their own guru.506
(xv) Yoga (joga):
The application of coatings, etc. (lepa) with a view to be able to rise up in the air--as in the case of the story of Devasarman507—and astound and impress the people, and then secure food from them was deemed a transgression of ideal conduct.
(xvi) Müla (mülakamma):
Any acts of 'vasikaraña', or advising the people to get their sons and daughters married, or causing impregnation and abortion, and such other actions508 were forbidden to monks.
We have up till now seen the faults pertaining to the preparation and nature of food. Besides these thirty-two faults, there were ten others which went under the category 'grahaņaişanä'.509 Esaņādosas (esaņādosas): (i) sankita (sankiya):
Under this rule, the monk did not accept that food the purity of which he suspected.510
(ii) Mrakṣita (makkhiya):
Anything given with either a pot or a hand besmeared with impure or unfit articles, was not accepted by the monk. The 'Mrakṣita' was either 'sacitta' (living beings), or 'acitta' (lifeless thing). The former was divided into three categories according as the food was contaminated with earth bodies (prthivīkāya), water bodies (apkāya), or with vegetation (vanaspatikāya). The 'acitta' was either condemnable (garhita) or otherwise (itara). The former consisted of articles like fat, etc. and the latter consisted of ghee, etc. which were not always forbidden to monks. Thus the rule was that a monk should not accept anything that was given with a hand or pot besmeared with either curds or honey, ghee, oil or molasses.511
506. Ibid., 500: They were, however, detected by Canakya, who created smoke so that the collyrium from their eyes melted.
507. Ibid., 502-05.
508. Ibid., 506-12; In this connection we get references to monks who joined the torn yoni of women, as well as tore out the normal one.
509. Ibid., 520ff. 510. Ibid., 521-30. 511. Ibid., 531-39.
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