Dvadasharnaychakram Part 4

Author(s): Mallavadi Kshamashraman, Labdhisuri
Publisher: Chandulal Jamnadas Shah

Page 81

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this Atreya. According to Hershal (?), this very Atreya is Punarvasu Atreya, the original expounder of Carakasamhita. If this opinion is correct. (this) Atreya may have flourished in about 600 B.C. Some historians believe that Punarvasu Atreya is very ancient (older than Bhiksu Atreya ) and Bhiksu Atreya is different from him. But Punarvasu Atreya and Bhiksu Atreya are contemporaries for in 'Yajnapurusiya' 'adhyaya' (chapter) the name of even Bhiksu Atreya is mentioned amongst persons who discussed with Punarvasu Atrey'a.
Caraka' - Caraka referred to in the following aphorism of Panini's grammer, is a sage who founded a branch of Yajurveda; but he is not Caraka, the adapter of Agnivesa tantra :
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Cakakrapanidatta, a commentator of 'Caraka (samhita) bows to Patanjali, adapter of 'caraka in the beginning of his commentary and identifies Caraka with Patanjali as can be seen from his following verse :
"पातञ्जलमहाभाष्यचरकप्रतिसंस्कृतैः । मनोवाक्कायदोषाणां हत्रेऽहिपतये नमः।"
Further, Bhoja. a commentator of 'Yogasutra. Vijnanabhiksu, the author of 'Yogvartika and even Nagesabhatta a grammarian, look upon Caraka and Patanjali as non-distinct for Caraka believes yoga to be a means of liberation and while mentioning tattvas ( entities ) he enumerates 'tattvas' accepted by the Sankhyas. But commentators of 'Mahabhasya' such as Bhartrhari, Kaiyata and others have nowhere mentioned Patanjali as the author of Yogasutra or 'Caraksamhita.' some on finding nihilism and vijnanavada refuted in Yogasutra say that its author is not Patanjali. But this cannot be looked upon as a strong valid argument to prove this statement. For even the Buddhists cannot say that nihilism and vijnanavada originated from Buddha and none else. So there is no sound contradiction in believing Patanjali as the anthor of Yogasutra.' For one individual named as Patan. jali is the originator of a branch of 'Samaved. Even Vacaspatimisra quotes a sentence from some Patanjali's work in his bhasya on 'Yogasutra. Further, even in 'Yuktidipika' we come across sentences of Patanjali, pertaining to the 'Sankhyedarsana. There is a reference to Angivasa Patanjali in Matsyapurana. Panini mentions Patanjali in upkadigana in 2-4-69 In Caraka' ther is an expositian of the 24'tattvas' of the 'sankhyas.' It agrees with one given by Pancasik ha, exeluding Isvara (God). In 'Caraka' there is no mentind of tanmatras ( subtile ) and primary elements. So there is no hitch in identifying this Caraka with Patanjali . This Patanjali is different from one, the author of 'Mahabhasya' on grammer. The author of Patanjalisakha'Yogasutra' and 'Nidanasutra is one and the same Patanjali whereas Patanjali, the author of 'Mahabhasya' is different from him. In Caraka there is mention of predicaments propounded is Vaisesikasutra? So (the
erence
Caraka
exeludere
1. प्रकृतेर्महान् ततोऽहंकारस्तस्माद्गणश्च षोडशकः तस्मादपि षोडशकात्पंचभ्यः पंच भूतानि ॥ These 'tattvas' along with 'Purusa' are the 25 'tattvas,' is the view of Sankhy isaptati. In Patanjala Yogasutra' and 'Mahabharata there is mentiod of 26 tattvas and Caraka, that of 24.
2. Haritsgerurat iar tai joha: 1 fat a RET E faqat ju: 11 Eristat: कर्मगुणाः कारणं समावायि तत् । तद्रव्यं समवायी तु निश्चेष्टः कारणं गुणः ॥' Caraka sutra, sthana, Ch.1, v. 49.
1. Vide'caraka''sutras' sthana, Ch. XV, Yajnapurusiya adhyaya.