Doctrine of Jainas

Author(s): Walther Shubring, Wolfgang Beurlen
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas

Page 37

AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF JAINISM
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Paharaga, Rāvana, Jarāsamdha. By adding the spiritual series of the 24 titthagara to these temporal series 2 to 5 later authors come to count 63 men "of mark" (Švet. : śalākā-purusa, Dig, : lakṣaṇa-p.) leaving the mentioned identities out of consideration. 27 out of these 63 are related to the Krsna legend. This has been led back by JACOBI to the spreading of the teaching towards the west1. But we have seen already that Kanha had been playing a part at all times, and also Aritthanemi, a brother-in-law of Krsna, is included in the system since the time we know it. §14. In now turning to the spiritual heroes we have to distinguish between such who find and such who preach salvation, and as to the former we may denote them as the patteya-buddha. V1y 895a places them next to the latter though fails to give any particulars for doing so, nor do we find any in the two only remaining and, by the way, later passages of Samav. 123a and Nandi 203a. The appértaining persons first appear in the narrative tradition of the Avassaya. The preachers of salvation (titthagara, araham, jina; Vıy. 583a and Thān. 302a: devādhideva) of the current osappini are called : 1. Usabha, 2. Ajiya, 3. Sambhava, 4. Abhinandana, 5. Sumai, 6. Paumappabha, 7. Supāsa, 8. Candappabha, 9. Suvihi Pupphadanta, 10. Siyala, 11. Sejjamsa, 12. Vāsupujja, 13. Vimala, 14. Ananta, 15. Dhamma, 16. Santi, 17. Kunthu, 18. Ara, 19. Malli, 20. Munisuvvaya, 21. Nami, 22. Aritthanemi, 23. Pasa, 24. Vaddhamāna or Mahāvīra. For Paumappabha and Candappabha Viy. 792a has Suppabha and Sası, in an isolated inscription (§ 25) Ara is called Nandyāvarta; Arıtthanemi is frequently shortened into Nemi. The cntire series is closely dealt with by Samav. 150a and Av. 230 ff. though this is being done in comprising gāhās only. They record the names of each in their pre-existence, those of their parents, of their first alms-givers, pupils both male and female, and other items. What else we find in the Samav. and in the Than. as well
I Reports of the VIIth OC (Vienna 1889), P 75-77; IA 16, 163f
2 The part they play with the later commentators Devendra and Bhāvavijaya has been dealt with by CHARPENTIER in the light of the Jātaka and epic texts (Paccekabuddhageschichten Uppsala 1908, JAS.
1911, 201-255)