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DOCTRINE OF THE JAINAS ceremonies taking place every four months and every year (Saddhaj. 10), whereas acc. to the older Saddhadinakicca of Devendrai confession is made cvcry evening (stanza 233). Acc. to Saddhaj 12 the layman chooses a confessor from among the āyarıya, uvajghāya or pavatli, and they are replaced by others in a way similar to that set down by Vay 1, 34 for the monk, though here the sammam-bhāvija is called paccha-lada, and corresponding to the changed times the last instances next to the Siddhas arc the figures of the Titthagaras (devajā-badımā). A Saddhapadikkamana-Sutta of 50 G2 reflects the act of confession of a layman. Among the āvassaya this act is referred to by Sāmāıya and Padıkkamana rendering it in a separate version. As long as thc layman practices the sāmâiya Saddhad. 231 expects him to be respected cqual to the monk,
$165. As indicated by the Uvās reporting on Ananda it certainly happened more often than not that by practising the eleventh monastic mode of life the layman also came to practise the monastic mode of death, since the monk no less than the layman can form and carry out the resolution of ending thcir lives by fasting themselves to death. For the true believer this is the only possible kind of suicide3 unrescrvedly acknowledged and even recommended, and that is why in thc way of a feeling of sympathy (ārāhanā, comnonly "loyalty") it is added (as samlehanā, sallehanā) to the solemn act of a layman taking the oath of allegiance ($ 170). This subject is treated in a study delivered by K v. KAMPTZ4 on which in the inain the following is based Theory (Viy. 118a; 624a, Thān. 93b; 175a, Āuiap ) distinguishes between a fool's (bāla) way of dying and a wise man's (pandiya) manner of dcath by adding a third category in between. All those untouched by Mahāvīra's teaching or disregarding his postulations dic the fool's
i Srāddhadınakrtya aur Ātmanındā bhāvanā the latter (in Hındı). Benares 1876
2. WEBER, Verz 883 ff
3 The natural manners of death (visumbhar) are discussed in K. 4, 24, Vay 2, 26, 4, If , 5, if , 7, 17
4 Comp P 75
5 For the discrimination made also with the ririya sce Viy 63b and for that made with the personality in general sce Viy gob, 102a
