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DOCTRINE OF THE JAINAS are treated with consideration not only in point of food (K. 5, 49-52; Thân. 138a) but also in general respects (K. 3, 22; 5, 47f; Vav. 2, 6, Nis 10, 36-39; Āyār. I 36, 22) Nor is a monk allowed to accept any alms given by a prince or his retinue, the rāya-pinda (Āyār. II 54, 53)?, Nis. 9, 1-6; 8, 13-15; Viy. 231a, Dasay 3, 2). As is demonstrated in detail by Nis. 4,1-6,9, 7ff the monks must not enter into relations with potentates, and, accordingly, Ayār. II 83, 16, K. 1, 38; Nis. 11, 71 forbid their come and go in anarchic provinces and times in order that all complications be avoided 2 Some exceptions are referred to by Thān. 311b Even he who lives in the woods or passes them in travelling may not contribute to their sustenance (Nis 16, 12), and this probably accounts for the fantārabhatta (Vıy. 231a, Uvav. 96 III). The alms, above all, must not be prepared in advance, neither for receivers of alms his general (āhākamma3) nor for him personally who is expected to ask for them (uddesiya), no more than they may be sent for (abhrhada) or bought (kīja-gada) or set aside from one's own meal (cezya K. 2, 25-28, Dasā 2, 4, Nis. 10, 4, Āyār. I 36, 20, II 50, 20; Dasav. 3, 2). There is danger of such alms being offered when the monk calls on relatives or acquaintances (nāya-vihim er, Vav. 6, 1, Dasā 6 XI, Āyār. II 55.30, 65, 10) or when attending a public feeding (samkhadı Āyār. II 52, 19; Nis. 3, 14). Nor may he visit a house where he is sure to get some (nıtıya þında) or a certain part of the meal (Āyār. II 61, 6, 56, 16, Nis 2, 32-36). The substance of the alms—in correspondence with the component parts of a modern Hindu meal-may consist (comp. Thân 219b) in a main course (asana), liquids (pāna), sweets (khārma) and spices (sārma). As a matter of course it
1. Comp against this ibd 51, 28
2. For the expressions of verajja-diruddha-rajja etc comp NN LAW IHQ 1, 383-397-Talks about the public procession and the display of power by princely persons (rāyā-kahā, Thān 201 a) pertain to this subject, but partly also to the general talks (vikahā) about women, food and drink, and about the morals of other countries (Thän. 209 b, extended in 403b) They do not help the monk or the nun to profit by them, but, on the contrary, they help to bring them off the right path (Thān. 221 a)
3 Acc to LEUMĀNN ZDMG 37, 495=yäthäkāma The Skt. transcription invariably has ādhākarma For the Karman sequence regarding the eating of āh. comp. Vıy. 101 b=314 b.
