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DOCTRINE OF THE JAINAS remaining continents on the S-N Middle axis and are hemispherical in shape with 1,000 joy in diameter and height Other characteristics of Bharaha and Eravaya are (a.o ) the Usabhakūda on the slope of the Cullahimavanta or, resp., the Sihari between the two rivers
$115. The mountains in Mahāvideha are called vakkhāra-pavvaya They are grouped round the Mandara mountain which forms the centre point of the Jambuddvia. This mountain which, apart from 14 other names (Samav 31b),1 bears the name of Meru—preferred by later authors reaches below the earth surface by 1,000 joy. and rises above it by 99,000; at its visible foot in measures 10,000-and on its top 1,000 joy. in diametre On its slopes we have four forest districts (vana) On the earth surface there is the Bhaddasāla forest extending over a distance of 22,000 joy. from east to west, but of not more than 250 joy. from south to north, with eight directive summits (drsāhatthz-küda) rising from it up to a height of 500 Joy (Thān 436a). On the side of Mt. Mandara, at a height of 500 joy, we have the flat terrace of the Nandana forest, and at a height of 62,500 joy. that of the Somanasa forest, both measuring 500 joy. in width The former has ninesummits (Thān. 454a) At a height of 36,000 709 above the latter there follows the Pandaga forest with four sacred places (abhzsega-sılā) for world-emperors (cakkavattı) (s b) and Titthagaras (Thân 224a) From its ring 494 joy broad the headpiece (cūliyā) on the top level of the mountain measuring 12 joy. in diametre juts up It is 40 joy. high and 4 joy. wide at its top From the Mandara four mountain ranges stretch in the intermediate directions to the Nisaha and Nilavanta, their height decreasing on their course from 500 down to 400 joy, whilst their width increases from a minimum up to 500 joy. They embrace the countries of Devakurā in the south
I Jambudd has but 12 in all, whereas Sürap 5 and 7 has 20 The Meru is descubed by the name of Sudamsana in Sùy 1, 6, 10 to 13 Comp. also Dasay II, 16
2 The figures (500 +62,500=) 63,000 and 36,000 acc. to Jambudd. Samay 75a gives 61,000 and 38,000 for these parts (kanda)
