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COSMOGRAPHY
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correspond to the Ruppakūlā in Hırannavaya flowing northward and the Narakantă in Rammaga flowing southward from the Ruppi, as do the Nārīkantā and the Sīyā in Mahāvideha flowing from the Nīlavanta ibd These rivers start by flowing on top of the mountains in the above mentioned directions to leave it in a leap (called gubbhiyā for its tongue-like shape). At their foot they cross a lake (pavāya-kunda, p.-daha or salila-kunda) and turn off into their definite direction before the uplands (soon to be mentioned) in order to fall into the Lavana Sea either to the east or to the west Those mountains lying in this course are crossed by flowing beneath them. The medium continents are divided by the rivers into two equal halves All rivers of the continents that start by flowing to the south end up in the east, all others end up in the west A chord standing perpendicularly on them and its ends coinciding with those of the Nisaha and Nilavanta forms the boundary of an arc 2,923 joy wide which is filled by the “estuary forest” of these rivers (muha-vana).
Each of the two rivers in Bharaha and Eravaya has 5 tributaries (antara-nai, Thān. 351a, 477b). Those of the Gangă are called Jamună, Sarayū, Ādī, Kosiyā and Mahi, those of the Sindhū Sayadū, Vivacchā, Vibhāsā, Erāvai and Candabhāgi. Both the Sīyā and the Sioyā have three tributaries each of which springs from lakes on the slopes of the southern and northern world mountains
The mountains of the different continents, with the exception of Mahāvideha, are known by the name of Veyaddha, (T. 3,11 Vaitādhya, Jambūdv. Vijayādhya or Vijayārdha; comp. end of § 115).1 The Veyaddha mountains which divide Bharaha lengthwise into equal parts are exemplary. They measure 25 joy in height and 50 joy. in width, and they culminate in 9 summits. These mountains to which, naturally, there are corresponding ones in Eravaya, are called long (dihaV.), whereas the other Veyaddhas (bearing special names), are called round (vatta-V). The latter are situated in the four
1. For the etymology (vedyardhar) see ALSDORF ZDMG 92, 485f.
