Doctrine of Jainas

Author(s): Walther Shubring, Wolfgang Beurlen
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas

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or THE JAINAS
litate the survey of the contents for the monk students. This, of course, had to be preceded by collecting the works within reach 1 Here we have the ongin of the Canon. This event took place, according to Jinac. § 148, in 980 or 993 A V.
DOCTRINE
§ 40. Nandi 202a, 153b; Anung, Ga; Pakkhiya-S. 61b divide the substance of the teaching into anga-paritha and anargap. or angabahura. While history, as we have seen, is concerned with the Angas only, we here learn that there were more works in existence. This is no wonder since the Angas do not include any regulated prescriptions for the monks' discipline which must have been observed from early times onward. Its germ are the 6 avassaya (§ 151), 1.c. formulae for daily recital, the knowledge of which was, indeed, "indispensable". They were the starting point of discipline and, therefore, alone are opposed to all other ananga-pavitṭha or āvassaza-taurilla. These again arc divided into kāliya and ukkālija, i.c. into those that are to be learnt within certain hours devoted to study ($150) and into those that are not. The kaliya-list is an extension of what is prescribed to the monk in Vav. 10, 20 ff and elsewhere. In a certain way, the ukkālija-list runs on parallel lines with it. In either list the titles partly are unica, since the works themselves do not exist any longer or at least did not reappear as yet, partly they belong to works incorporated into the Canon or are à la suite of it, and partly they are mere sections of both the last named kinds. Let us presuppose that the authors of the Vav. list (which attributes certain texts to certain years) must have been guided by pacdagogic points of view, but we are unable to recognise them in the succession of the texts. Still this succession has furnished a basis for the grouping in the Canon. For among the Uvangas and Painnas some texts appear one after the other in the same order as they do in their quality as ukhālija subjects nos 5-8 and 11-15.2
This is the opportunity for introducing the canonical sections following the Angas, viz. the Uvangas, Painnas, Cheya
1. Comp JACOBI, Kalpasūtra p 114 ff., p. 15ff., SBC 22, XXXVII. 2. Ind Stud 17, 13 ff.