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DOCTRINE OF THE JAINAS and subha poggala, and to the former also the darkness in the different regions of hell (see Thān. 263a). In the legendary story of Jambudd. III the lightness is like scattered matter that lasts. For Bharata (§ 13) at the head of his army succeeds in passing through the long tunnels of both the Timisa-and Khandappavāya-guhā in the rays of his jewel by forming circles which alternatingly appear on the right and the left walls (Jambudd 225a). This can but mean that he is anxious not to leave any spot dark, and, actually, no spot remains dark, after he has passed. Each circle lies in the radiant sphere of the other.
$61. The Substances. The formations of aggregates, as mentioned just before, result in the substances of, so to say, a second order, 1.e., in material masses called davva like those of the first order ($ 57). In Viy 420b we read that one atom and its multiples form whole davva or either parts of such (desa). from four atoms upwards all eight combinations possible in this connexion will occur. suhuma ($60) are the accumulations of colours, smells, and different kinds of taste and palpability which, acc. to Viy. 757 a, are to be found in closely packed density below each region of the lower and the upper world. Material masses of this kind, together with their shapes, come into being spontaneously, whereas all accumulations furnishing the souls in the world with bodies and opportunities of activity-for the inanimate substance is destined to serve the animate (Viy 856a)— result from impulse, ie, through the working of the Karman. But as those accumulations have concrete qualities, it follows that they represent a mixture of both cases (Viy. 332 a). Now, owing to Karman, matter forms in four bodies, the inward sense, speech and breath (V1y567a, Thān. !58a) The infinite variety of matter thus grouped is called poggala-pariyatta-. At least in the case of the inward sense matter is divided into vagganā (Vıy 222a, 646b), for we hear of the comano-davvavaggaņā of certain gods. Further proofs for this are missing, but s b Of the five bodies existent the body of transmission is
1. Homonymous is the maximum measure of time (Viy 8876)
