Jain Darshanma Shraddha Matigyan ane Kevalgyanni Vibhavana

Author(s): Nagin J Shah
Publisher: Bholabhai Jesingbhai Adhyayan Sanshodhan Vidyabhavan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001269/1

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zeTha zrI popaTalAla hemacaMda adhyAtma vyAkhyAnamALA, graMtha-6 jainadarzanamAM zraddhA (samyagdarzana), matijJAna ane kevalajJAnanI vibhAvanA : lekhaka : nagIna jI. zAha zeTha bhoLAbhAI jesiMgabhAI adhyayana - saMzodhana vidhAbhavana amadAvAda - 380009

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zeTha zrI popaTalAla hemacaMda adhyAtma vyAkhyAnamALA, graMtha - 6 jainadarzanamAM zraddhA (samyagdarzana), matijJAna ane kevalajJAnanI vibhAvanA : lekhaka : nagIna jI. zAha i zeTha bhoLAbhAI jesiMgabhAI adhyayana - saMzodhana vidhAbhavana amadAvAda - 380009

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Sraddha (Samyagdarsana), Matijnana and Kevalajnana in Jain Darsana by Dr. Nagin J. Shah prakAzaka : DaoN. bhAratI zelata niyAmaka, bho. je. adhyayana-saMzodhana vidyAbhavana, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda 380008 prathama saMskaraNa : vi.saM. 2056 I.sa. 2000 kiMmata : rUA. 35-00 mudraka : kriSnA grAphiksa paTela kirITa harajIbhAI 966, nAraNapurA jUnA gAma, amadAvAda- 13 phona : 7494393

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zizrI popaTalAla hemacaMdra sa'. 1928, zrAvaNa suda 5 ne zanivAra | tA. rara-7-1871 sarvaga vyAsa sa", 20 0 1 Aso vada 5 ne guru vAra - tA. 25-10-1945

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prakAzakIya zeTha popaTalAla hemacaMda adhyAtma vyAkhyAnamALA aMtargata bhAratIya darzanonA mUrdhanya vidvAna ane UMDA abhyAsI DaoN. nagIbhAI jI. zAhe jainadarzanamAM zraddhA (samyagdarzana), matijJAna ane kevalajJAnanI vibhAvanA' e viSaya upara tA. 19, 20 ane ra1 jAnyuArI, 2000 nA roja bho. je. vidyAbhavanamAM ApelAM traNa vyAkhyAno graMthasvarUpe pragaTa karatAM AnaMdanI lAgaNI anubhavuM chuM. A vyAkhyAnamALA mukhyatve jaina daSTie AtmaparamAtma tattvane ane AnuSaMgikapaNe jaina darzananA saMdarbhamAM anya matonI samIkSAne sparze che. A vyAkhyAnamALAnA upakrame atyAra sudhImAM sAta vyAkhyAnazreNIo yojAI che, jemAM anukrame DaoN. Ara. TI. rAnaDee "The Conception of Spiritual Life in Mahatma Gandhi and Hindi Saints' viSaya upara, paMDita sukhalAlajIe "adhyAtmavicAraNA para, DaoN. padmanAbha jainIe "jaina saMprAya meM mokSa, avatAra gaura punarjanma' vize, DaoN. bhogIlAla sAMDesarAe 'yoga, anuyoga ane maMtrayoga" upara, DaoN. 2. nA. mahetAe "jaina darzana e purAvastuvidyA para, muni sumeramalajIe bhAratIya saMskRti neM ritra kSI pradhAnatA', bhAratIya 3pAsanA pati meM dhyAna pradhAnatA', ane "svastha nIvana aura preTdhyAnavize tathA svAmIzrI AtmAnaMdajIe "gAMdhIjInI ahiMsAnA preraNAsrota', "zrImad rAjacaMdra ane jaina dharma tathA "vartamAna saMdarbhamAM mahAvIra darzana" e viSayo para ciMtanapUrNa vyAkhyAno ApyAM che. AmAMnAM prathama pAMca vidvAnonAM vyAkhyAno saMsthA taraphathI graMtha-svarUpe prakAzita karavAmAM AvyAM che. DaoN. nagInabhAI zAha bhAratIya darzanonA bahuzruta vidvAna, prakAMDa paMDita ane jaina darzananA vizeSa abhyAsI che. emaNe potAnI sUkSma ane AgavI saMzodhanadRSTithI darzanavidyAne kSetre aneka viddhabhogya graMthonuM lekhana ane prakAzana karyuM che. darzana sAhityanA cAyamarIfma, 'adhyAtmavid' jevA ghaNA mahattvapUrNa graMthonI mULa hastapratone AdhAre te graMthonuM suMdara saMpAdana karyuM che. A uparAMta Adhunika vidvAnonA darzanaviSayaka graMthonuM paNa temaNe saMpAdana karyuM che. darzanavidyAnA AvA apratima vidvAna DaoN. nagInabhAI zAhe "jainadarzanamAM zraddhA (samyagdarzana), matijJAna ane kevalajJAnanI vibhAvanA" e viSaya para ApelAM vyAkhyAno graMtharUpe pragaTa karavAnuM sadbhAgya amane sAMpaDyuM e badala ame khUba dhanyatA anubhavIe chIe. mudraNa mATe kRSNA prinTarInA zrI kirITa harajIbhAI paTele khUba kALajI lIdhI che te mATe temano paNa huM atre AbhAra mAnuM chuM. bho. je. vidyAbhavana, bhAratI zelata amadAvAda-9 niyAmaka 24 mArca, 2000

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prastAvanA bhAratIya dharma-darzanonuM mane pahelethI ja khUba AkarSaNa rahyuM che. temAM temanA siddhAntone jANavA-samajavAmAM ane eke bIjA upara pADelA prabhAvane tAravavAmAM mane UMDo AnaMda maLato rahyo che. ekbIjAnA ciMtananA ekbIjAe ApelA pratibhAvonI paraMparAthI ekabIjAnA thayelA vikAsane samajavAnA mArA prayAse mane amUlya prAptio karAvI che. dRSTinA ughADa mATe ane samagranuM darzana ka2vA mATe e atyaMta jarUrI hatuM. koI eka paraMparAnA mULa dharmagrantho ke siddhAntagraMthonuM hArda samajavA anya paraMparAonA dharmagrantho ane siddhAntagranthono abhyAsa anivArya che e huM samajyo chuM. AnI kaMIka jhAMkhI prastuta traNa vyAkhyAnomAM thaze. prathama vyAkhyAna jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanAne rajU kare che. zraddhAnI jaina vibhAvanAne samajavA aupaniSadika ane bauddha paraMparAmAM zraddhAno je khyAla che tene jANavo-samajavo keTalo jarUrI che enuM vistRta nidarzana karavAmAM AvyuM che. bIjA vyAkhyAnamAM jaina mate matijJAnanuM sthira thayeluM svarUpa kevuM che ane temAM jaina ciMtakono jaina pramANazAstrane UbhuM karavAno prayAsa kevo pragaTa thAya che e darzAvI, matijJAna mULe aupaniSadika ane bauddha paraMparAmAM svIkRta darzana(zraddhA), zravaNa, manana ane nididhyAsana e cAra AdhyAtmika sopAnomAMnuM trIjuM sopAna manana ja che e hakIkatanI sthApanA tarkapurasara karavAmAM AvI che. trIjA vyAkhyAnano viSaya kevaLajJAna che. kevaLajJAna e rAgarahita vizuddha jJAnamAtra che ane tenA upara jainoe sarvajJatvano Aropa karI karmasiddhAntane hAnikara evA AtyaMtika niyativAdano garbhita rIte svIkAra karI lIdho che e mahattvano muddo ahIM carco che. uparAMta, sarvajJatvanA svIkAramAM rahelA tArkika doSonI vistArathI carcA karavAmAM AvI che. A traNa vyAkhyAno zeTha bhoLAbhAI jeziMgabhAI adhyayana-saMzodhana vidyAbhavanamAM tenA hastakanI zeThazrI popaTalAla hemacaMda adhyAtma vyAkhyAnamALAmAM jAnyuArI 19-21,2000 divasoe ApavAnI mane taka maLI teno mane AnaMda che. bho.je. adhyayana-saMzodhana vidyAbhavane mane A vyAkhyAno ApavA nimaMtraNa ApI A taka mArA mATe UbhI karI te badala huM teno, tenA niyAmaka DaoN.bhAratIbena zelata ane gujarAta vidyAsabhAnA maMtrI DaoN. cinubhAI nAyakano aMtaHkaraNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnuM chuM. 23, vAlkezvara sosAyaTI nagIna jI. zAha AMbAvADI, amadAvAda-380015 jAnyuArI 19, 2000

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viSayanirdeza prakAzakIya prastAvanA viSayanirdeza vyAkhyAna 1. jaina darzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA jaina dharmasampradAya jaina darzanane samajavA anya darzanono abhyAsa Avazyaka cAra AdhyAtmika sopAno bauddha dharmamAM zraddhA ane tenI bhUmikAo jaina dRSTie zraddhA (samyagdarzana). jaina mate zraddhAnA viSayo (pR1-24) che jA - 4 ajIva Ava baMdha saMvara nirjarA je ha ha hai R & mokSa 25 26 jaina darzanamAM matijJAna (pR. 25-44) cAra sopAno ane matyAdi jJAnapaMcaka jaina pramANazAstra UbhuM karavA mATe manananuM matijJAnamAM parivartana 25 matijJAnanA prakAro IndriyapratyakSa, smRti, vagerene matijJAnanA eka ja vargamAM mUkyAnuM kAraNa 27 matijJAnamAM zrutano samAveza kema na karyo ? matijJAnanuM nimittakAraNa ane manananuM nimittakAraNa matijJAnanA avagrahAdi bhedo matijJAnanA avagrAdi bhedomAM avyavasthA ane manana

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3. avagrahAdi bhUmikAo manananI ja che avagrahAdinA bahugrAhI vagere bhedo ane manana vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagrahanuM sAcuM arthaghaTana zrutajJAna ane matijJAnano krama ane viSaya pramANalakSaNa matiprakAro parokSapramANo indriyapratyakSa smRti pratyabhijJA tarka anumAna upasaMhAra jaina darzanamAM kevaLajJAna kevaLajJAnanA svarUpanI sthira thayelI jaina mAnyatA sarvajJatvanI siddhi mATenI mukhya dalIlo sarvajJatvanI siddhi mATe ApelI dalIlonuM bodApaNuM 'kevaLajJAna'padano artha kevaLajJAna upara sarvajJatvano Aropa zA mATe ? vItarAgatA ane dharmajJatAnI sAme sarvajJatvanI hAnikara pratiSThAno pratikAra sarvajJatva ane karmasiddhAntano paraspara virodha jJAnanuM Ananya svataH jJeyAnattvanirapekSa mahAvIrane sarvajJa mAnavAthI dharmahAni nirmohInuM alpajJeyonuM jJAna paNa pUrNajJAna anya tarkadoSo sarvajJano artha zuM karavo ? upasaMhAra 32 33 33 35 36 36 36 37 37 38 39 42 (pR. 45-61) 45 45 46 48 49 53 54 56 56 57 57 58 59

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prathama vyAkhyAna jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA jaina dharmasampradAya jaina dharma anAdi-anaMta che. teno AvirbhAva-tarobhAva thayA kare che. jyAre te tirohita thAya che, glAni pAme che tyAre tene punarujjivita karavA avatArI puruSo thAya che. te puruSo duHkhamuktinA mArgarUpa jaina dharmane punaH pragaTa kare che. A vItarAgI avatArI puruSo tIrthaMkaro kahevAya che. Ama tIrthaMkaro jaina dharmanA sthApaka nathI paNa navajIvana bakSanAra vyAkhyAtA-pracAraka-upadezaka che. jaina dharmanuM tattva sanAtana che. teno saMkoca-vistA2 thayA kare che, teno sadaMta2 nAza thato nathI. kSINatA pAmela dharmatattvamAM navacetanA pUravAnuM kAma tIrthaMkara kare che. jaina dharmanI jema bIjA dharmo paNa A ja vastu kahe che. tattvataH darekanI vAta sAcI che. tIrthaMkara mATe 'jina' zabdano paNa prayoga thAya che. 'jina'zabda jItavuM arthavALA saMskRta mULa dhAtu tti uparathI banyo che. ane AdhyAtmika dRSTie teno artha thAya che - jeNe rAgadveSa jItyA che te vyakti. prAcInakALamAM aneka zramaNa saMpradAyo potAnA rAgadveSamukta prakRSTa dharmopadezako mATe 'jina' zabdano prayoga karatA hatA. arthAt, te kALe te zabdano prayoga tenA yaugika arthamAM thato hato. vakhata jatAM bIjA saMpradAyoe 'jina' zabdano prayoga potAnA rAgadveSamukta prakRSTa dharmopadezakone mATe karavAnuM choDI dIdhuM ane kevaLa eka ja saMpradAye potAnA rAgadveSamukta prakRSTa dharmopadezakone mATe 'jina' zabdano prayoga karavAnuM jALavI rAkhyuM. pariNAme, te zabdano arthasaMkoca thayo ane rUDha arthamAM te eka ja saMpradAyanA rAgadveSamukta prakRSTa dharmopadezakonA arthamAM prayukta thavA lAgyo; ane te saMpradAya pote jinasaMpradAya, jinazAsana ane jaina dharma nAmothI oLakhAvA lAgyo temaja tenA anuyAyIo jaino tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. sAmAnya rIte evuM anumAna che ke A rUDha arthamAM 'jina' zabdano prayoga lagabhaga navamI sadIthI zarU thayo.1 e pahelAM A saMpradAya 'nirprantha' zabdathI oLakhAto hato. bauddha piTakonA kALe kevaLa A saMpradAyanI oLakha mATe 'nirprantha'zabda rUDha thaI gayelo jaNAya che. paraMtu evuM anumAna karavuM svAbhAvika che ke eka vakhata evo haze jyAre A zabdano prayoga tenA yaugika arthamAM ja vyApakapaNe thato haze. teno yaugika artha che - granthi(gAMTha) rahita. granthi be che - rAgadveSanI

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna AMtara pranthi ane vastranI bAhya granthi. rAgadveSanI AMtara granthinA rAhityane vastranI bAhya granthinuM rAhitya sUcave che ema manAtuM. eTale vastranI bAhya pranthinA sAhityane AdhyAtmika dRSTie mahattva ApavAmAM AvatuM. vastranI bAhA granthinuM rAhitya eTale nagnatA. Ama 'nirjhantha" zabdano yaugika artha "nagna" che, ane koI paNa saMpradAyanA nagna sAdhu mATe te zabdano prayoga mULe thato haze. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke bhAratamAM prAcIna kALamAM aneka saMpradAyanA sAdhuo nagna rahetA hatA. nagnatAnI AdhyAtmika pratiSThA hatI. prAcIna grIko paNa bhAratIya sAdhu mATe "Gymnosophist" zabdano prayoga kare che jeno artha paNa "nagna sAdhu che. paraMtu amuka eka ja saMpradAyanA sAdhuo mATe nirjhantha' zabdano prayoga cokkasapaNe kyArathI rUDha thayo te kahevuM muzkela che. eTale bauddha piTako pUrve prAcInakALanA saMdarbhamAM "nircantha' padano artha karatI vakhate khUba sAvaceta rahevuM joIe. alabatta, piTakakALathI to te zabda amuka eka ja saMpradAyanA sAdhuono - jemane atyAre ApaNe jaina saMpradAyanA sAdhuo kahIe chIe temano vAcaka che. RgvadamAM vAtarazanA munionuM varNana che. "vAtarazanA muni'no artha nagna muni svAbhAvika che. ane tethI vAtarazanA munione nirjhanya munio kahevAya. jayaMta bhaTTanI nyAyamaMjarI upara nyAyamaMjarI graMthibhaMga nAmanI TIkA lakhanAra dasamI sadInA kAzmIrI paMDita cakradhara potAnI TIkAmAM "puno vAtirezana'ne samajAvatAM lakhe che : vAta parva nI vAto prasthane ceSAM te vAtarazanA:, to vAsaNomAvAva vAtatteSAM rInA, gata parva niA bhayane ja paraMtu Ane AdhAre vAtarazanA munio jaina munio hatA ema kahevuM keTaluM ucita gaNAya? vadhumAM vadhu eTaluM kahI zakAya ke vAtarazanA munio zramaNa munio hatA, kAraNa ke vizeSataH zramaNa saMpradAyanA munio nagna rahetA hatA. ane tethI zrImad bhAgavatamAM spaSTapaNe kahyuM che: vAtarazanAnAM zramanAm niSkarSa e ke vAtarazanA munione kevaLa yaugika arthamAM nircantha gaNAya, rUDha arthamAM nahi. jaina Agamo svIkAre che ke mukti mATe vItarAga banavuM e ja anivArya che, A ke te bAhya veza, bAhya kriyAkAMDa vagere nahi, ane tethI koI paNa saMpradAyanI vyakti mukti pAmI zake che. temaNe anyaliMga siddhono svIkAra karyo che. anyaliMga siddhonA svIkAramAM je udAratA jainoe dAkhavI che te udAratA temane anyaliMga tIrthakaranA svIkAra bhaNI sahelAIthI laI jaI zake che. jemano upadeza rAgamuktino asarakAraka mArga batAvato hoya temane tIrthakara tarIke svIkAravAmAM temane koI bAdhA na hovI joIe. purAtana puruSa RSabhadeva vItarAgI yogI-tapasvI hatA. ane temane judI

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA judI paraMparAoe avatArI puruSa tarIke svIkAryA che. e ja rIte jaina paraMparAe temane tIrthakara tarIke apanAvyA hoya e saMbhavita che. jo hiMdu paraMparA - hiMdu purANo - buddhane avatAra tarIke apanAvI zake to jaina Agamo paNa RSabhadevane tIrthaMkara tarIke kema na apanAvI zake? eka vastu noMdhIe ke jaino RSabhadevane AdinAtha paNa kahe che ane nAtha saMpradAyanA prathama siddha paNa AdinAtha che. jainonA trevIsamA tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthanA "pArtha' nAmanA kAlpanika khulAsAo jaina paraMparAmAM maLe che. A aMge eka navI saMbhAvanAno nirdeza karIe. prAcInakALe sAmAnyataH vyaktine jAtinAmathI oLakhavAno rivAja hato. tene anusarI buddhane zAkyaputra tarIke ane tIrthaMkara mahAvIrane jJAputra tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatA. tevI ja rIte, "pArtha" nAmano artha ja che pazuputra - parzajAtinA putra. pANinie pazujAtino ullekha karyo che (pa.3.117). pa: aparce punAnuM parvaH | jainonI covIsa tIrthakaronI mAnyatA ane RSabha Adi covIsa tIrthaMkaro vize vizeSa saMzodhananI apekSA che. jainadarzanane samajavA anya darzanono abhyAsa Avazyaka koI paNa tattvajJAnano ke ciMtanadhArAno vikAsa anya tattvajJAnothI taddana vicchinna kevala avasthAmAM thato nathI. eTale koI paNa tattvajJAnane samajavA mATe tenI sAthe astitva dharAvatAM rahelAM bIjAM tattvajJAnonuM jJAna hovuM atyanta jarUrI che. jaino potAnA tattvajJAnane kadApi barAbara samajI zake nahi, jo teo mAtra jaina Agamo ane jaina graMthonA adhyayanamAM ja potAne sImita rAkhe ane upaniSada, bauddha graMtho AdimAM nirUpita tattvajJAno pratye upekSA seve. bhinna bhinna tattvajJAnomAM kaMI ne kaMI satya to avazya hoya che. te badhAM AMzika satyone jANI-samajI temano yogya samanvaya karI pUrNa satyane pAmavuM joIe ema mAnanAra anekAntavAdI jainone mATe to e dhamaMdiza che ke temaNe zakya hoya teTalAM vadhu ne vadhu darzanono - bhAratIya tema ja binabhAratIyano - abhyAsa karavo ane temano samanvaya karI pUrNasatyane pAmavA mathavuM. eTale ja mahAna jaina marmI AnaMdaghanajI kahe che : SaDuMdarasana jina aMge bhaNIje nyAyaSaDaMga jo sAthe re | namijinavaranA caraNaupAsaka padarzana ArAdhe re /1 lokAyatika kUkha jinavaranI...4 SaDudarzana' e to mAtra upalakSaNa che, tenAthI jagatanAM badhAM ja darzano samajavAnAM che. anekAntavAdI jainoe koI paNa darzanano - cArvAka ke kArla mArksanA

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna bhautikavAdI darzanano paNa anAdara karavo nahi. zraddhA (samyagdarzana) cAra AdhyAtmika sopAno upaniSavidyA adhyAtmavidyA che. tevI ja rIte, bauddha ane jaina dharma-darzana paNa pradhAnataH adhyAtmavidyA che. traNemAM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA upara bhAra mUkavAmAM Avyo che. upaniSadomAM AdhyAtmika sAdhanAnAM cAra sopAna darzAvyAM che - darzana, zravaNa, manana ane nididhyAsana (GdhyAna=vijJAna). mAtmA vA mere dravyaH zrotavya: mantavya: vividhyAtivya: | bRhadAraNyaka upaniSadu, 2.4.5. ahIM "darzana zabdano artha zraddhA che. chAMdogya upaniSadumAM (7.18-19) kahyuM che ke... nAtviA vinAnAti, mavaiva vijJAnAti... nAtha manute zra va majute....arthAta manana vinA vijJAna zakya nathI ane zraddhA vinA manana zakya nathI. Ama ahIM zraddhA, manana ane vijJAna e traNa kramika sopAno jaNAvAyAM che. pachI tarata A ja upaniSadamAM (7.25) mahattvano vAkyakhaMDa Ave che : pUrva pazyanuM parva mana vuiM vijJAna ahIM spaSTapaNe darzana, manana ane vijJAna e traNa kramika sopAnono ullekha che. baMne trikanuM nirIkSaNa karatAM jaNAya che ke baMne je traNa sopAnono nirdeza kare che te ekanA eka ja che. prathama trikamAM je sopAna mATe "zraddhA" zabdano prayoga karavAmAM Avyo che te ja sopAna mATe bIjA trikamAM 'darzana' zabdano prayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. A nirNayAtmaka rIte darzAve che ke pelAM cAra sopAnomAMnuM prathama sopAna darzana e zraddhA ja che. paraMtu TIkAkAro ane Adhunika vidvAno khoTI rIte ahIM "darzana' zabdano artha sAkSAtkAra kare che ane jaNAve che ke AtmasAkSAtkAra karavo joIe, je AtmasAkSAtkAranA upAyo che - zravaNa, manana ane dhyAna. vivaraNaprameyasaMgrahano nIceno zloka AnuM udAharaNa cheH . zrotavyaH zrutivAkyebhyaH mantavyazcopapattibhiH / matvA ca satataM dhyeyaH ete darzanahetavaH // bauddha dharma-darzana paNa A cAra AdhyAtmika sopAnano svIkAra karatuM jaNAya che. majhimanikoyamAM (1.136) AvuM vAkya Ave che. yaM viTuM viTuM sutaM murta vicchatuM patta... mana taM ui netaM nama, sohaM , na me mattA ti . ahIM upaniSadanA darzana, zravaNa, manana ane vijJAnano ullekha che. A vAkya darzAve che ke A cAra sopAno sAme temane koI vAMdho nathI, temane je vAMdho che te to cAra

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA sopAnonA viSaya tarIke rajU karavAmAM Avela AtmA sAme che. AtmAnA sthAne dharma ke satya hota to temane kaMI vAMdho na hota. dharma zuM che ke satya zuM che te zodhI kADhavAnuM sAdhaka upara choDI devuM joIe. suttanipAtamAM (839) kahyuM che ke te niSkriyA ne satiyA na ANena... ti bhagavA visuddhi Aha, adiTThiyA assutiyA ajANA... napi tenA tana to darzana vaDe, na to zravaNa vaDe ke na to jJAna vaDe vizuddhi thAya che, ema bhagavAne kahyuM che; na to adarzanathI, na to azravaNathI ke na to ajJAnathI - vizuddhi thAya che, ema bhagavAne kahyuM che.) jo ke ahIM darzana, zravaNa ane jJAnano ullekha che chatAM jJAnamAM manana ane vijJAna baMneno samAveza samajI zakAya. A vidhAnanuM tAtparya e che ke dharma yA satyane grahavA samartha cittavizuddhine pAmavA mATe darzana (zraddhA) Adi upAyo jarUrI hovA chatAM pUratA nathI. kadAca bauddho A cAra AdhyAtmika sopAnonI yojanAmAM zIlano garbhita nahi paNa pragaTa ullekha icchatA lAge che. - jaina AgamomAM sauthI prAcIna evA AcArAMgasUtramAM (4.1.9) "liTuM murta martha viUUAtha' e vAkyakhaMDa Ave che. te paNa upaniSadomAM ullikhita pelA ja cAra AdhyAtmika sopAnono nirdeza kare che. vaLI, jainoe "ratnatrayI'nA vezamAM temano svIkAra karyo che. temanI ratnatrayI che - samyagdarzana, samyajJAna ane sammacAritra. teo spaSTapaNe jaNAve che ke A traNa maLIne mokSamArga bane che. sAdhaka prathama darzana pAme che, pachI jJAna ane chevaTe cAritra. teo darzanano artha zraddhA kare che. samyajJAnamAM zrutajJAna ane matijJAna samAveza pAme che. zrutajJAna ane matijJAna mULe zravaNa ane manana che. upaniSadomAM paNa manana mATe "mati zabdano prayoga thayo che. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSadanuM (2.4.5) A vAkya tapAso : ri ! mAtmano vA mAre tanenA zravana patyA vijJAnendra sarva viditam ! pUjyapAda potAnI tattvArthasUtra uparanI sarvArthasiddhi TIkAmAM be sthAne "mati' zabdano artha manana kare cheH "nimAtra vA . pati' (1.9) ane "manane matiH' (1.13). AnI vizeSa carcA matijJAna uparanA vyAkhyAnamAM karIzuM. cAritra e cothuM sopAna nididhyAsana che. nididhyAsana dhyAna che, ane jaino dhyAnane utkRSTa prakAranuM AtyaMtara tapa gaNe che. A dRSTie nididhyAsanane cAritra gaNI zakAya. vaLI, dhyAnane cAritranI carama sImA gaNI yama AdithI zarU thatI dhyAnanI samagra prakriyAmAM cAritrano samAveza mAnI zakAya. paraMtu jaino zuddha AcAra para vizeSa bhAra ApavA mAgatA hoI nididhyAsanane badale cAritrano spaSTa

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna ullekha karI cAritranI aMdara nididhyAsanano samAveza karI levAnuM temaNe ucita mAnyuM lAge che. Ama prastuta cAra sopAno ja jainonA traNa mokSo pAyo, jainonI ratnatrayI che. bauddha dharmamAM zraddhA ane tenI bhUmikAo bauddha dharmamAM sammAdiDhi ane zraddhA samAnArthaka che. AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ane AdhyAtmika guNonA mULamAM zraddhA che. Arya akhaMgika mArganuM te paheluM aMga che. nirvANa mATe keLavavAnA guNonI je yAdIo maLe che te badhImAM zraddhAne prathama mUkvAmAM AvI che. bauddhoe zraddhAnI je vyAkhyA karI che te atyanta agatyanI che. te A pramANe che -- zraddhA cetana: sAva ! (abhidharmakozabhASya 2.25).10 saMskRta kozagraMtho paNa zraddhAno A artha noMdhe che. paraMtu prasAda eTale zuM? eno uttara nIce pramANe che - prasAloDanA travatvam ! (sphaTArthA, 8.75). ddhi nirmanaM tata prasannamityu ! (abhidharmadIpavRtti, pR. 367). Ama zraddhAno artha che cittazuddhi. rAga e cittamaLa che. e maLa dUra thatAM citta vizuddha bane che. cittano svabhAva tattvapakSapAta che. paraMtu teno A svabhAva matAsakti, mahAgraha, dRSTirAgathI Avarita thaI gayo che, hAni pAmyo che. rAganA A Agantuka AvaraNane dUra karavAmAM AvatAM te svabhAva pragaTa thAya che. paraMparAthI ke janmathI prApta mAnyatAo, siddhAnto ane dhAraNAo pratyenA rAgamAMthI mukta thavAne pariNAme je cittazuddhi prApta thAya che te ahIM zraddhAthI abhipreta che. AvI cittazuddhi dareka satyazodhaka mATe Avazyaka che kAraNa ke AvuM zuddha citta ja sAme AvelA satyane grahaNa karavAnI yogyatA, kSamatA dharAve che. A cittazuddhinA arthamAM zraddhAne ApaNe nirAkAra varNavI zakIe. tenAmAM koI viSayasaMbhAra nathI. ahIM kevaLa tattvapakSapAtarUpa mAnasika valaNa che, satyapravaNatA che. e hakIkata che ke je mato, dhAraNAo ane siddhAntonI vacce manuSya janmyo ane ucharyo hoya temane te vinA parIkSA svIkArI le che - svIkArI le che eTaluM ja nahi paNa temane potAnA cittamAM eTalA to UMDA rAkhI de che ke teo tenA vyaktitvano eka bhAga banI jAya che ane temanAthI potAnI jAtane mukta karavI tenA mATe ati kaThina banI jAya che. tethI manuSyane mATe sauthI duSkara kArya che temanA pratyenA rAgathI potAnI jAtane choDAvavAnuM. eTale ja hemacaMdrAcArya kahe cheH rAhu pApIyA 3cheH satApitA (vItarAgastotra), rAgamaLanA dUra thavAthI AvelI cittazuddhi ane pariNAme pragaTelI satyapravaNatA e zraddhA che. zraddhAnI A bhUmikA zravaNa pahelAM hoya che. rAgamukta thaI Avazyaka cittazuddhi pAmI, sAdhaka satya ane paramArthane pAmyAno

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA dAvo karanAra AdhyAtmika guru pAse jAya che. te tenI pAse namratA, vinaya ane AdarapUrvaka jAya che. paraMtu tenI pAse jatAM pahelAM teNe tenI parIkSA karI jANI levuM joIe ke te kharekhara AdhyAtmika guru kahevaDAvavAne lAyaka che ke nahi. te lobhI, dveSI ke mohAviSTa to nathI ne? te DhoMgI, Thaga ane svArthI nathI tenI khAtarI karI levI joIe. jo tenI bahu moTI khyAti hoya to tenA cAritryanI vadhu sUkSma parIkSA karavI jarUrI banI jAya che kAraNa ke khyAtiprAptane mATe doSane pravezavAnAM badhAM dvAra khulI jAya che. pote pratyakSa nirIkSaNathI tema ja yogya vyaktio pAsethI mAhitI meLavI tenAmAM ISTa AdhyAtmika guNo che ke nahi tenI khAtarI karI levI joIe. te kharekhara AdhyAtmika puruSa che e bAbatano potAne saMtoSa thAya pachI ja sAdhake tenI pAse javuM joIe. tenI pAse jaI te tenI upAsanA - sevA kare che. guruno upadeza sAMbhaLavA tatpara thAya che. upadezane dhyAna daI sAMbhaLe che. 15 sAMbhaLyA pachI zrata dharma ke siddhAnta sAco hovAnI tene lAgaNI thAya che, bhAva thAya che, pratIti thAya che. A lAgaNI, bhAva, pratIti e zraddhA che. A zraddhA sAkArA che kAraNa ke tene teno zruta viSaya che, viSayasaMbhAra che. zraddhAnI A bIjI bhUmikA che. A bhUmikA zravaNa pachInI paNa manana pUrvenI che. zravaNa pUrvenuM tattvapakSapAta ke satyapravaNatArUpa mAnasika valaNa ahIM gurumukhe zrata dharma ke siddhAnta sAco che evA bhAvamAM vikase che. zrata dharma ke siddhAnta sAco lAge paraMtu te kharekhara sAco che ke kema tenI parIkSA sAdhake tarkathI, buddhithI karavI joIe. sAdhaka zrata dharma ke siddhAntane cittamAM dhAraNa kare che ane anukULa sthaLa-kALa prApta thatAM tenI tarkathI parIkSA kare che, tenA upara manana kare che. ApaNA badhA AdhyAtmika guruoe temanA upadezanI parIkSA karavA kahyuM che. potAnA tattvasaMgrahamAM zAntarakSita eka prAcIna zloka TAMke cheH tApAcchedAcca nikaSAt suvarNamiva paNDitaiH / parIkSya bhikSavo grAhyaM madvacaM na kauravA te sonI sonAne tapAvI, kApI, kasoTI para ghasI sonAnI parIkSA kare che; tevI ja rIte, he bhikSuo ! DAhyA mANasoe mArA upadezane parIkSA karyA pachI ja svIkAravo joIe, mArA pratyenA Adarane kAraNe ke mArI moTAInA kAraNe na svIkAravo joIe. buddhe kAlAmone uddezI A ja vAta kahI hatI. jaina haribhadra paNa A ja vAta kahe che. ane upaniSadoe paNa A ja vastu kahI che. "A badhI bAbatomAM ApaNe kaMI samajI zakIe nahi, guru kahe tene ja svIkArI cAlavuM joIe'-A manodazA sArI nathI, eTaluM ja nahi hAnikara che. eTale ja siddhasena divAkarajIne khudane kahevuM paDyuM: "avivAviyA puravaThThamabhUthariti vyavacivavadhAtha thAvati 'batrIsabatrIsI

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna 6.6. zrata dharma ke siddhAnta vize je koI zaMkAo hoya ke jANe temane tarkathI, buddhithI, mananathI dUra karavI joIe. anyathA, zrata dharma ke siddhAntamAM rahelI bhAvarUpa, vizvAsarUpa, saMpratyayarUpa zraddhA zithila banI jaze. zaMkAone kadAgraha ane aMdhabhaktithI dabAvI devI joIe nahi. tarkathI, buddhithI, mananathI temanuM umUlana karavuM joIe. manana pachI zraddhA bIjA arthamAM AkAravatI bane che. pAli-aMgrejI koza (pAli TeksTa sosAyaTI)mAM "AkAra' zabdano artha Apyo che - reason, ground, account'. tethI, AkAravatI zraddhAno artha che - "hetuothI, tarkothI samarthita, daDhIkRta zraddhA'. 17 je kaMI rAga ke matAgrahanuM vaLagaNa rahI gayuM hoya te ahIM mahadaMze dUra thAya che. tarkathI, mananathI vizeSa cittazuddhi, cittaprasAda thAya che. vyaktinI AdhyAtmika utkrAntimAM tarkane - mananane atyaMta mahattvano bhAga bhajavavAnuM kAma soMpavAmAM AvyuM che. badhI adhyAtmavidyAomAM tenuM mahattva svIkArAyuM che. koI paNa AdhyAtmika gurue tarkane, buddhine, mananane UtArI pADavuM na joIe. zravaNa mananane mATe sAmagrI pUrI pADe che e arthamAM zravaNa mananano AdhAra che, pratiSThA che. paraMtu zrutano ja svIkAra karavA manana bAdhya nathI, svIkAra-asvIkAra karavA te svataMtra che. anyathA, manananuM koI mahattva rahetuM nathI. manana pachInI zraddhAne 'adhyapraNAvA' kahI che, 18 kAraNa ke ahIM tarkathI, mananathI zrata dharma ke siddhAnta vizenI zaMkAo dUra thavAthI tema ja dRSTirAganuM je kaMI AchuM pAtaLuM AvaraNa rahI gayuM hoya te dUra thavAthI citta vizeSa zuddhine, prasAdane pAme che. AvA prasAdarUpa A zraddhA che. zraddhAnI A trIjI bhUmikA che. A bhUmikA manana pachInI paNa dhyAna pUrvenI che. jeNe manananI bhUmikA pAra karI nathI tene dhyAna karavAno adhikAra nathI. tarkathI, mananathI pratiSThita thayela dharma ke siddhAnta ja dhyAnano viSaya banavAne lAyaka che. tarka, manana dvArA parIkSita ane pratiSThita thayelA dharma ke siddhAnta upara sAdhakane dhyAna karavAnI icchA jAge che. te dhyAna karavA utsAhita thAya che, prayatna kare che. bIjA zabdomAM, te savitarkasavicArAtmaka prathama dhyAnamAM pravRtta thAya che. te dhyAnamAM te dharmanuM ke siddhAntanuM gaMbhIra ane sUkSma tolana kare che. pachI te vizeSa AdhyAtmika utsAha ane parAkramapUrvaka nirvitarkanirvicArAtmaka dvitIya dhyAnamAM praveza kare che. 19 potAnuM kArya prathama dhyAnamAM pUrNa karyuM hoI, dvitIya dhyAnamAM vitarka ane vicAra saMpUrNapaNe niruddha hoya che. A dvitIya dhyAnanI bhUmikAe citta vitarka-vicArajanya kSobhathI AtmattikapaNe mukta hoya che. A dhyAnanI utkRSTa koTie citta parama zuddhi, prasAda prApta kare che. tene adhyAtmaprasAda kahevAmAM Ave che. 20 arthAt, ahIM

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA adhyAtmaprasAdarUpa zraddhA hoya che. cittanI A zuddhine kAraNe dharma ke siddhAnta cittamAM pUrNarUpe pratibiMbita thAya che. pariNAme sAkSAtkAra thAya che, prajJAno udaya thAya che, satyano vedha thAya che.ra1 zravaNa, manana ane nididhyAsananI avasthAomAMthI pasAra thatI zraddhA vadhu ne vadhu puSTa thatI jAya che. jema jema citta A bhUmikAomAMthI pasAra thAya che tema tema rAgamaLa vadhune vadhu kSINa thato jAya che ane pariNAme cittanI vizuddhi (prasAda) vadhu ne vadhu thatI jAya che. uttarottara vizuddhinA vadhavA sAthe cittamAM satya vadhu ne vadhu vizadarUpe gRhIta thAya che, pratibiMbita thAya che. Ama zraddhAnA vikAsa sAthe jJAnano paNa vikAsa thAya che ane potAnI pUrNatA prajJAmAM pAme che. nirvitarka-nirvicArAtmaka gabhIra dhyAnane pariNAme rAgano saMpUrNa nAza thatAM arthAt utkRSTa cittavizuddhi (cittaprasAda)nI prApti thatAM prajJAno udaya thAya che. jainadarzanamAM paNa dvitIya nirvicAra zukaladhyAnane pariNAme niHzeSa rAganAza thatAM vizuddha jJAna kevaLajJAna ke anaMtajJAna udaya pAme che.22 ane pAtaMjala yogamAM paNa dharmameghasamAdhine pariNAme rAgano saMpUrNa kSaya thatAM prasaMkhyAna (prakRSTa jJAna)ke anaMtajJAna pragaTe che. zraddhAnI bauddha vibhAvanAne samajyA pachI have zraddhAnI jaina vibhAvanAnuM nirUpaNa karIzuM. jaina dRSTie zraddhA(samyagdarzana) 8 ApaNe joyuM tema, jaino 'darzana'zabdano prayoga zraddhAnA arthamAM kare che. jaina mata pramANe, jIva, ajIva, Asava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA ane mokSa e tattvo che. te tattvomAM zraddhA e ja samyagdarzana che.24 ahIM zraddhAno artha ruci ke abhiprIti karavAmAM Ave che. eTale samagra artha thaze - jIva Adi tattvo ja sAcA che evuM bhAvathI, lAgaNIthI lAgavuM te zraddhA che. A eka ja zraddhA che, tenI judI judI koI bhUmikAo nathI. A zraddhAnuM pradhAna kAraNa AMtarika zuddhi che, rAgadveSagranthibheda che, darzanamohanIya karmano upazama-kSaya-kSayopazama che. paraMtu tenuM nimittakAraNa gurUpadeza che. A zraddhAnI utpattimAM nimittakAraNane (gurUpadezane)anivArya gaNavAmAM nathI AvyuM. pariNAme keTalAka jIvomAM nimittakAraNa vinA ja A zraddhA janme che. tethI temanI zraddhAne naisargika zraddhA kahevAmAM Ave che. keTalAka jIvomAM nimittakAraNa dvArA A zraddhA janme che. tethI temanI zraddhAne adhigamaja zraddhA kahevAmAM Ave che.25 Ama eka ja zraddhA nirnimittaka ke sanimittaka hoi zake che. eka ja zraddhA naisargika ke adhigamaja hoi zake che. jainadarzane eka ja vyaktinI bAbatamAM anivAryapaNe udbhavatI A be kramika

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10 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna bhUmikAo che ema mAnyuM nathI. Ama jainoe naisargika zraddhA ane adhigamaja zraddhAno vikalpa ja mAnyo che, te be eka vyaktinI cetanAnI kramika bhUmikAo che ema mAnyuM nathI. A che jainonI sthira thayelI mAnyatA. pUjyapAde potAnI sarvArthasiddhimAM je sAco prazna uThAvyo tenAthI ja jainonI A mAnyatAmAM rahelo doSa pragaTa thAya che. te prazna A pramANe che - naisargika zraddhAmAM jIvAdi tattvonuM jJAna hoya che ke nahi? jo hA, to te paNa adhigamaja zraddhA ja thaI, tenAthI bhinna tene na gaNavI joie. jo nA, to jeNe jIvAdi tattvone jANyA nathI tene temanAmAM zraddhA kevI rIte thaI zake ?24 A sAcA praznano pUjyapAde pote je uttara Apyo che te A praznano uttara ja nathI. te kahe che ke baMnemAM mohanIyakarmanA upazamakSaya-kSayopazamarUpa AMtarika kAraNa samAna che, tema chatAM je bAhya upadeza vinA thAya che te naisargika zraddhA che ane je bAhya upadezapUrvaka thAya che te adhigamaja zraddhA che. ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke AmAM temaNe uThAvelA praznano kharekhara uttara ja nathI. mAnyatA ja eTalI doSapUrNa che ke praznano uttara Apavo jaina ciMtakone mATe muzkela che. jainoe svIkArI levuM joIe ke naisargika zraddhA ane adhigamaja zraddhA e anukrame eka ja vyaktimAM kramathI thatI, zraddhAnI be bhUmikAo che. naisargika zraddhA e zraddhAnI zravaNapUrvenI bhUmikA che ane adhigamaja zraddhA e zraddhAnI zravaNa pachInI bhUmikA che. zravaNapUrvenI bhUmikAvALI zraddhA upadezajanya nathI; temAM svAbhAvikapaNe ja jIvAdi tattvonuM jJAna na hoya kAraNake sAdhake haju sudhI jIvAdi tattvo vize kaMI sAMbhaLyuM ja nathI. tethI zravaNapUrvenI bhUmikAvALI zraddhA AdhyAtmika satyapravaNa mAnasika valaNarUpa che. AdhyAtmika dRSTi, jhukAva, manovalaNa dharamULathI samagra kSitijane badalI nAkhe che. A manovalaNa e bIjuM kaMI nathI paNa evI cittazuddhi che je sAdhakane satya grahaNa karavAnI kSamatA, yogyatA bakSe che. bIjI bAju, bIjI zravaNottara bhUmikAvALI zraddhA upadezajanya che ane tethI temAM jIvAdi tattvonuM jJAna che, te zrata jIvAdi tattvomAM zraddhA che. paraMtu jaino temanI khoTI ane ane upaniSado, 27 bhagavadgItA temaja bauddha dharmamAM sacavAyelI prAcIna paraMparAno sadaMtara smRtibhraMza dharAvatI mAnyatAne kAraNe upara mujaba sAco uttara ApI zakatA nathI. nirdiSTa prAcIna paraMparAnI yAda devaDAvatAM avazeSarUpa vidhAno ke vibhAvanAo jaina sAhityamAM maLe che; temane nIce noMdhyAM che.

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11 jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA ' (1) samagra jaina sAhityamAM eka vidhAna evuM prApta thayuM che jyAM naisargika zraddhA ane Adhigamika zraddhAno eka ja vyaktine thatI zraddhAnI be kramika bhUmikAo tarIke spaSTa svIkAra thayo che. te vidhAna vAcaka umAsvAtinA tattvArthasUtrabhASyanI saMbaMdhakArikA 1 uparanI AcArya devaguptanI TIkAmAM Ave che. devagupta lakhe che : naisargikAd avAptazraddho'dhyayanAdibhirAdhigamikam (zraddhAnam) avaapnoti| (2) jaina ciMtako be prakAranI zraddhAno (samyagdarzanano) svIkAra kare che - naizcayika zraddhA ane vyAvahArika zraddhA. naiRyika zraddhAne ApaNe zravaNapUrvenI zraddhA gaNI zakIe, kAraNa ke tenuM lakSaNa zravaNapUrvenI zraddhA jevuM ja che. mahAna jaina citaka upAdhyAya yazovijyajI temanI samyakatva SasthAnaka caupaI upara bAlAvabodha (gAthA 2)mAM lakhe che : "darzanamohanIyakarmano je vinAza kSaya-upazama-kSayopazamarUpa, tethI je nirmala malarahita guNanuM thAnaka upajai te nizcaya samyakta jANii." Ama AdhyAtmika vikAsathI utpanna thayelI AtmAnI vizuddhi e nizcaya zraddhA che, jyAre tene kAraNe thato zrata jIvAdi tattvo sAcA hovAno vizvAsa ke bhAva e vyavahAra zraddhA che. (3) jaina graMtho zraddhAnA (samagdarzananA) pAMca liMga, cihno gaNAve che. te nIce pramANe che : (1) prazama - rAgadveSano, matAgrahano, daSTirAgano upazama e ja prazama che. (4) saMvega - saMveganA be artha che : (1) sanvega, sam = samyapha arthAt tattva yA satya prati, vega arthAta gati. tattva ke satya mATenI tIvratama abhIpsA sAthe satyazodha mATe gati karavI te. (2) sAMsArika baMdhanothI dUra thavAnI vRtti. satyanI khoja mATe sAMsArika baMdhano bAdhaka che. (3) nirveda - nirvedanA paNa be artho che : (1) sAMsArika viSayomAM udAsInatA, rAgAbhAva, anAsakti. viSayomAM, sAMsArika bhAgomAM Asakti satyanI sAdhanAne vikRta kare che, dRSTine mohita kare che, mArgathI mRta kare che. (2) mAnyatAomAM anAsakti. koI paNa matamAM rAga na hovo, dRSTibaddhatA na hovI. (3) anukaMpA - anukaMpAnA paNa be artha thaI zake che : (1) bIjAne du:khI dekhI duHkhI thavuM, tenA du:khane dUra karavAnI icchA thavI te anukaMpA. (2) bIjAone

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna satyAnveSaNa mATe mathatA joI potAne temanA tarapha sahAnubhUti thavI ane temane paNa potapotAnI rIte satyAnveSaNa karavAmAM sahAya karavAnI icchA thavI. (3) Astikya - koI paNa vyakti dvArA koI paNa bhASAmAM koI paNa rIte rajU karavAmAM AvelA satyane svIkAravAnuM mananuM khullApaNuM, tatparatA. A cittanuM racanAtmaka ane vidhAyaka (positive) valaNa che. anyanA mata prati paNa AdarabhAva ane te matamAM rahela satyane zodhI svIkAravAnuM valaNa. Astikya zraddhA ja che. pakhaMDAgamanI dhavalA TIkAmAM kahyuM che ke A prazamAdi guNonI abhivyakti ja samyagdarzana che, zraddhA che. arthAt prazamAdi zraddhAnA cihno nathI paNa svayaM zraddhA che. cittazuddhi, prasAda, satyagrahaNanI yogyatAno ja vistAra prazamAdi che. ane A zraddhAne kharA arthamAM naisargika zraddhA kahI zakAya ane A zraddhA ja zravaNa pUrvenI zraddhA che. uparanI samagra carcA uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke naisargika zraddhA e zravaNa pUrvenI zraddhA che ane teno artha cittaprasAda, cittazuddhi, tattvagrahaNayogyatA che. ane adhigamaja zraddhA zravaNa pachInI zraddhA che ane eTale A zraddhA zrata jIvAdi tattvomAM vizvAsarUpa che. eka vastu ahIM dhyAnamAM rAkhavI joIe ke je cittazuddhi prathama bhUmikAmAM che te dvitIya bhUmikAmAM paNa avazya che. paraMtu dvitIya bhUmikAmAM kaMIka vizeSa che ane te che zruta jIvAdi tattvomAM vizvAsa. jaina darzanamAM manana pachInI zraddhAnI bhUmikAno tema ja dhyAna pachInI zraddhAnI bhUmikAno kyAMya nirdeza nathI. jaina mate zraddhAnA viSayo have ApaNe adhigamaja zraddhAnA viSayanuM nirUpaNa karIzuM. te viSaya che jIva, ajIva, Asava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA ane mokSa. jIva ane ajIva arthAt temano na saMyoga (baMdha) e duHkha che, saMsAra che. tenuM kAraNa Asrava che. mokSanuM kAraNa saMvara ane nirjarA che. Ama A tattvone bIjA zabdomAM jaNAvIe to te cAra che - saMsAra, saMsArakAraNa, mola ane mokSakAraNa. yogabhASyamAM kahyuM che ke rUpa zAstra vaturvyUhama - tathA saMsAra: saMsArahetu mokSo mokSopAya: I buddha Ane ja cAra AryasatyonA rUpe rajU karela che - duHkha che, duHkhanuM kAraNa che, duHkhanirodha zakya che, duHkhanirodhano upAya che. adhyAtmazAstramAM Apta puruSo Ano ja upadeza Ape che. jainonA sAta

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA tattvo, yogadarzanano caturvyUha ane buddhanAM cAra Aryasatyo eka ja vAta che. duHkhamuktinA icchuke jainonA sAta tattvomAM vizvAsa karavo joIe. 1. jIva (=AtmA citta) : AtmA, citta ane mana e traNa eka ekathI caDhiyAtA tattvonA nirdeza ochAmAM ocho kaThopaniSad jeTalo jUno che. tyAM kahyuM che ke manathI citta caDhiyAtuM che ane cittathI AtmA caDhiyAto che. A traNa tattvone sAMkhyuM svIkAryAM che. Ama pratikSaNapariNAmI cittathI para kUTasthanitya AtmAne svIkAranArI eka paraMparA hatI. A paraMparA darzanane (eka prakAranA bodhane) AtmAno dharma mAne che ane jJAnane cittano dharma mAne che. A paraMparAthI bhinna evI bIjI prAcIna paraMparA hatI je pratikSaNapariNAmI cittathI para evA kUTasthanitya AtmAno pratiSedha karI jJAna ane darzana bannene cittanA ja dharmo gaNatI hatI. prathama paraMparA AtmavAdI che, jyAre bIjI anAtmavAdI che. Ama bauddho ane jaino baMne anAtmavAdI che. bauddho cittane ja jJAtA ane draSTA mAne che. jaino jene 'AtmA' nAma Ape che te citta ja che ane te citta jJAtA paNa che ane draSTA paNa che. bauddha citta kSaNika che, jyAre jaina citta (=AtmA) pratikSaNapariNAmI che. UMDANathI vicAratAM bauddhonA kSaNikavAda ane jainonA pratikSaNapariNAmavAdamAM koI ja aMtara nathI. jainonuM Atmadravya (=cittadravya) e ja bauddhono cittasantAna che ane jainonA AtmadravyaparyAyo e ja bauddhonI cittasantAnagata kSaNavyaktio che. jaina mahAna ciMtaka upAdhyAya yazovijayajIe temanA dravyaguNaparyAyanA rAsanA TabAmAM A ja vAta karI che. te kahe che: "...pratItyaparyAyotpAdaI ekasaMtAnapaNuM teha ja dravyalakSaNa dhrauvya chaI." kAryakAraNabhAvathI kramabaddha pratikSaNotpanna paryAyonuM ekasaMtAnapaNuM e ja dravyalakSaNa dhrauvya che. pratikSaNotpanna ane kAryakAraNabhAvathI saMbaddha paryAyono eka saMtAna e ja dravya che. saMtAna paNa kSaNapravAha che ane dravya paNa paryAyapravAha che. ane pravAharUpa ekatva e ja dhrauvya ke nityatva che. jainoe cittane 'AtmA' nAma ApI pote AtmavAdI hovAno bhrama Ubho karyo che. vaLI jaina graMthomAM bauddhone anAtmavAdI ane jainone AtmavAdI kahI, bauddhonA anAtmavAdanuM khaMDana karavAmAM AvatuM hoya che. A vastu geramArge doranArI che. jeTalA bauddho anAtmavAdI che teTalA ja jaino paNa anAtmavAdI che. jaino cittane ja AtmA ke jIva kahe che. citta ane AtmA samAnArthaka che, eka ja tattvanAM be nAma che. 13 jaina mate AtmAno svabhAva anaMta jJAna, anaMta darzana, anaMta cAritra (ke anaMta sukha) ane anaMtavIrya che. vAdidevasUrie sthira thayela jaina mata anusAra

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14 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna AtmAnuM prAya: saMpUrNa lakSaNa ApyuM che. teo jaNAve che ke AtmA caitanyasvarUpa che, pariNAmI che, kartA che, sAkSAta bhoktA che, dehaparimANa che ane paudgalika adaSTavALo che. AtmAnuM pariNAmIpaNuM - AtmA pratyeka kSaNe parivartana pAme che. tema chatAM te nitya che. umAsvAtie nityanuM lakSaNa A pramANe ApyuM che - tativivyirtha nityA potAnA mULabhUta svabhAva ke jAtimAMthI avismRti eTale nityatA. potAnI mULabhUta jAtine choDyA vinA pariNAma pAmatI vastune nitya kahevAya. AmAM parivartananI maryAdA che. dravya potAnI mULabhUta jAtimAM zakya badhAM ja parivartano pAmI zake paraMtu eTalI hada sudhI parivartana na pAmI zake ke te potAnI mULabhUta jAti choDI bIjI ja mULabhUta jAtinuM banI jAya. AtmA kadI pugalamAM (meTaramAM) parivartita na thaI zake ke pugala AtmAmAM parivartita na thaI zake. Ama hovAthI AtmavyaktiomAM ekano paNa vadhAro ke ghaTADo zakya nathI. arthAt AtmavyaktionI saMkhyA niyata che ane te anaMta che, tema ja pratyeka Atmavyakti anAdi-anaMta che, arthAt anutpanna ane avinAzI che. bauddha anusAra paNa cittasattAna kadI acittasattAna banI jato nathI. cittasattAna cittasattAna ja rahe che. cittasantAnonI saMkhyA paNa niyata ja che. ethI cittasattAna santAnarUpe anutpanna ane avinAzI gaNAya. AtmAnuM kartatva - jainoe AtmAne pariNAmI mAnyo hoI, te tenA pariNAmono kartA che ja. vaLI, jainoe AtmAne mana, vANI ane zarIrathI bhinnabhinna mAnyo che. eTale mana, vacana ane zarIranI pravRttino te kartA che. uparAMta, mana, vANI ane zarIrane temanI pravRttimAM preranAra AtmA hovAthI paNa te badhI mAnasika, vAcika ane kAyika pravRttiono kartA Thare che. jaina mata anusAra pravRttine pariNAme paulika karmarajo AtmA bhaNI AkarSAya che ane AtmA sAthe baMdhAya che, eTale e arthamAM AtmA paugalika karmono paNa kartA gaNAya. AtmAnuM bhoknatva - jainadarzana anusAra AtmA bhoktA paNa che. jainoe AtmAne pariNAmI mAnyo hoI, tenAmAM mukhyArthamAM bhophtatva ghaTI zake che. karmasiddhAntanI saMgati mATe karmono je kartA hoya te ja te karmonAM phaLono bhoktA hovo joIe. te zarIra, mana, indriyo dvArA sukha-du:kha bhogave che. AtmA pratikSetra bhinna - kSetra eTale zarIra. AtmA pratizarIra bhinna che. jaino AtmabadutvavAdI che.

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA AtmA dehaparimANa - jaina mate AtmA saMkoca-vikAsazIla che. 34 AtmA je deha dhAraNa kare che te dehanA jevaDo thaIne rahe che. jainono AtmA e kharekhara citta ja che. sAMkhyo paNa cittane saMkoca-vikAsazIla mAnatA hatA. teo kahe che : citta saMkocavikAsazIla che. eka dIvAne ghaDAmAM rAkhatAM eno prakAza ghaDAmAM saMkucita thaI rahe che. paNa e ja dIvAne oraDAmAM mUkatAM eno prakAza oraDAnA jeTalo vikasita thaI jAya che. evI ja rIte cittano paNa saMkoca-vistAra thAya che. jevaDA zarIramAM hoya tevaDuM thaIne citta rahe che. 35 AtmA paulika akhivAn - AtmAnuM adaSTa arthAta karma paulika dravyarUpa (material substance) che. te atyaMta sUkSma che. karmone bhautika mAnanAra aneka paraMparAo che. temAM sAMkhya, AjIvika ane bauddha to che ja. A bAbata paratve sAMkhyamata vize zerabAskI nIce pramANe lakhe che : In Sankhya, Karma is explained materialistically, as consisting in a special collocation of infraatomic particles or material forces making the action either good or bad. (Buddhist Logic, Vol. I, p.133, fn.3). karmo paugalika hoya to tene raMgo hovA joIe. jema japAkusumano lAla raMga tenI sannidhimAM rahelA darpaNamAM pratiphalita thAya che tema karmonA raMgo potAnA sAnnidhyamAM rahelA cittamAM pratiphalita thAya che. Ama karmanI paugalikatAne kAraNe jIvaraMgonI (lezyAonI, psychic colourationsnI) jaina mAnyatA ghaTe che. sAMkhyanA sattva, rajasa ane tamasanA anukrame traNa raMgo zukla, rakta ane kRSNa, tema ja tene AdhAre manuSyonuM sAttvika, rAjasika ane tAmasikamAM vargIkaraNa noMdhapAtra che. AjIvikonI cha abhijAtio paNa bhautika karmarakonA raMgone AdhAre thatA cetasika raMgo che. mahAbhArata zAntiparva(12.28633)mAM cha jIvavarNo gaNAvyA che, te paNa AjIvikonI cha abhijAtio samAna che. bauddha dharmamAM ane pAtaMjala yogamAM paNa raMgane AdhAre karmonA cAra vibhAgo karavAmAM AvyA che. A kAraNe prAdhyApaka jhImara jaNAve che ke karmonA raMgono siddhAnta jaina dharmanI ja khAsa vizeSatA nathI, paraMtu magadhamAM sacavAyelA AryapUrvenA sAmAnya vArasAno eka bhAga hoya ema jaNAya che.37 karmo paulika che, bhautika che, mUrti che jyAre AtmA cetana che, abhautika che, amUrta che. AvI paristhitimAM karma AtmAnI sAthe saMbaddha kevI rIte thaI zake ? bhautika-mUrti dvArA cetana-amUrtano upaghAta yA upakAra kevI rIte saMbhave ? jema jJAna vagere caitanyarUpa ane amUrta hovA chatAM madirA Adi bhautika-mUrta vastuo dvArA emano upaghAta thAya che tathA ghI, dUdha Adi pauSTika padArtho dvArA emano upakAra

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16 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna thAya che tema AtmA cetana-amUrta hovA chatAM bhautika-mUrta karma dvArA teno upaghAta yA upakAra thAya che. AtmA ane karmano saMbaMdha anAdi che.38 2. ajIva: ajIvamAM pAMca dravyono samAveza che - pudgala (Matter), dharma, adharma, AkAza ane kAla. (1) pugala - sparza, rasa, gabdha ane varNa e pudgaladravyanA vyAvartaka guNo che.* pudgalanA pratyeka paramANamAM A cAre guNo hoya che. sparzanA ATha, rasanA pAMca, gaMdhanA be ane varNanA pAMca bheda che - Ama kula vIsa mukhya bheda che. aNumAM eka rasa, eka varNa, eka gandha ane be sparza hoya che. tene zIta ane rUkSa be sparza, ke zIta ane snigdha be sparza, ke uSNa ane rukSa be sparza, ke uSNa ane niSpa be sparza hoya che. Ama dareka paramANu kAM to snigdha hoya che kAM to rukSa hoya che. nigdhatA ane rukSatAnI mAtrA anaMta sudhI hoI zake che. A snigdhatA ane rukSatAnI niyata mAtrAo dharAvatA be paramANuo ja saMyojana pAme che. DaoN. bI. ena. sIla A aMge lakhe che : "A crude theory, of chemical combination, very crude but immensely suggestive, and possibly based on the observed electrification of smooth and rough surfaces as the result of rubbing.jara paramANamAM snigdhatA ke rukSatAnI mAtrAnI hInApiksArUpa parivartana svAbhAvikapaNe ja cAlyA kare che. ane be paramANuomAM temanI niyata mAtrA hotAM paramANuonuM saMyojana thaI skaMdha (aggregate) bane che. A aMge Do. e. ena. upAdhe kahe che: "Thus the atomic aggregation is an automatic function resulting from the essential nature of atoms. ... The combinatory urge in atoms is due to their degrees of cohesiveness and aridness."x3 paramANuvAdanI bIjI noMdhapAtra bAbata e che ke paramANuomAM jAtibheda nathI. pRthvIAtinA paramANuono alaga varga, aprajAtinA paramANuono alaga varga, ItyAdi jaino mAnatA nathI. temane mate koI paNa paramANu pRthvI, pANI, teja ane vAyuno paryAya (pariNAma, mode) dhAraNa karI zake che. paramANune dezavyApti (extension) nathI. te jeTalA dezane roke che tene pradeza kahe che. pradeza dezamApanuM aMtima ghaTaka che. jaina paramANuvAdanI bIjI viziSTa mAnyatA nIce mujaba che. eka paramANu eka pradezamAM rahe che, paraMtu

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA 17 yaNuka eka pradezamAM paNa rahI zake che ane emAM paNa. e rIte uttarottara saMkhyA vadhatAM vadhatAM tyaNuka, caturaNuka ema asaMkhyAtANuka skaMdho eka pradeza, be pradeza, traNa pradeza, ema asaMkhyAta pradezovALA kSetramAM rahI zake che. eTale anaMtANuka skaMdhone rahevA mATe anaMta pradezovALA kSetranI jarUra nathI. loka (universe) asaMkhyAtapradezI hovA chatAM temAM anaMta aNuo samAI zake che. bauddha paramANuvAda ane nyAya-vaizeSika paramANuvAda sAthe jaina paramANuvAdanI tulanA karavI rasaprada che paraMtu ahIM temAM UtaravuM zakya nathI. dharmadravya - jIva ane pulanI gatimAM sahAyaka bananAra dravya dharma che. jema mAchalI pANInA mAdhyamanI sahAyathI gati kare che tema jIva ane pudgala dharmadravyanA mAdhyamanI sahAyathI gati kare che. A dravya lovyApI che, vyaktizaH eka che ane gatirahita che. adharmadravya - jIva ane pudgalanI sthitimAM sahAyaka thanAra dravya adharma che. A dravya paNa lokavyApI che, vyaktizaH eka che ane gatirahita che. AkAzadravya - je dravya jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma ane kAlane rahevA sthAna de che - avagAha de che te AkAza che. te paNa vyaktizaH eka che ane gatirahita che ane sarvavyApI che. AkAzanA je bhAgamAM jIva Adi pAMca dravyo rahe che tene lokAkAza kahevAmAM Ave che ane e dravyo vinAnA taddana khAlI zUnya AkAzane alokAkAza kahevAmAM Ave che. kAladravya - dravyonA sUkSma-sthUla parivartano thavAmAM je sahAyaka kAraNa che te kAladravya che.49 maMdagatie eka AkAzapradeza uparathI bAjunA ja bIjA AkAzapradeza upara jatAM paramANune jeTalo samaya lAge te kALano aMtima nAnAmAM nAno ghaTaka che. tene samaya ke kSaNa kahevAmAM Ave che.50 kSaNono pracaya thato nathI. eTale tene pradezapracaya nathI. tethI kALane astikAya kahevAmAM Avato nathI. bAkInA pAMca dravyo astikAyo che. keTalAka jaina ciMtako kALane svatandra dravya mAnatA nathI paraMtu dravyonA parivartanone (paryAyone) ja kALa gaNe che.para 3. Asrava : sUkSma paudgalika karmonuM AtmA bhaNI AvavuM te Asrava che. AmravanuM kAraNa che mAnasika, vAcika ane kAyika pravRtti, jene jaina paribhASAmAM yoga kahe che. tethI A pravRttine paNa Asrava kahevAmAM Ave che. 53

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna 4. baMdha : AtmA bhaNI AkarSAyela karmarajono AtmA sAthe nIrakSIrasaMbaMdha thavo enuM nAma baMdha". umAsvAti baMdhanA kAraNomAM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya ane yoga(pravRtti)ne gaNAve che. 55 paraMtu khAsa to pAMcamAMthI kaSAya ja baMdhanuM mukhya kAraNa che. kaSAya eTale rAgadveSa. krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobha e to rAgadveSano vistAra che. AtmAne lAgelAM karmo AtmAnI amuka zaktine DhAMke che (prakRtibaMdha), te zaktine te amuka vakhata sudhI DhAMke che (sthitibaMdha), judI judI tIvratAvALAM phaLo Ape che (rasabaMdha, anubhAvabaMdha) ane amuka jaththAmAM AtmAne lAge che (pradezabaMdha).17 paraMtu ahIM prazna thAya che ke te AtmAnI kaI zaktine (prakRtine) DhAMkaze, keTalA vakhata sudhI DhAMkaze, keTalI tIvratAvALAM phaLo Apaze, ane keTalA jaththAmAM lAgaze tenAM niyAmaka kAraNo kyAM che ? jaina mate te karmone AtmA bhaNI lAvavAmAM kAraNabhUta pravRtti che ane te pravRttinA prakAra AtmAnI kaI zaktine te karmo DhAMkaze te nakkI kare che. jo pravRtti jJAnanAM sAdhanono nAza karanArI, jJAnIno anAdara karanArI haze to tevI pravRttithI lAganArAM karmo AtmAnI jJAnazaktine DhAMkaze. pariNAme AvAM karmo jJAnAvaraNIya kahevAze. te pravRttinuM pramANa te karmonA jaththAnuM pramANa nakkI kare che.58 karmo keTalA vakhata sudhI AtmAnI zaktine DhAMkaze eno AdhAra tathA phaLanI tIvratAmaMdatAno AdhAra pravRtti karatI vakhatanI kaSAyanI tIvratA-maMdatA upara che. 59 jema vadhAre tIvra kaSAyapUrvakanI pravRtti tema te pravRttithI lAgatAM karmo vadhAre vakhata sudhI AtmAnI zaktine DhAMkaze ane vadhAre tIvra phaLo Apaze. Ama, jaino kaSAyane choDavA upara vizeSa bhAra mUke che, pravRttine choDavA upara teTalo nahi. jainoe sAMparAyika ane IryApathika karmabaMdha svIkAryA che ane jaNAvyuM che ke kaSAyasahita pravRtti karanArane sAMparAyika karmabaMdha thAya che ane kaSAyarahita pravRtti karanArane iryApathika karmabaMdha thAya che. sAMparAyika karmabaMdhane samajAvavA teo bhInA cAmaDA para paDelI rajanA coTavAnuM dRSTAnta Ape che ane IryApathika karmabaMdhane samajAvavA mATe sUkI bhIMta para pheMkavAmAM AvelA lAkaDAnA goLAnuM udAharaNa Ape che. jaino kahevA mAMge che ke manavacanakAyAnI pravRtti hovA chatAM paNa jo kaSAya na hoya to upArjita karmomAM sthiti tema ja rasano baMdha thato nathI. karmo lAgatAMnI sAthe ja kharI paDe che. sthiti ane rasanA baMdhanuM kAraNa kaSAya che. AthI kaSAya ja saMsAranI kharI jaDa che. Ama kharekhara to phaLanI AkAMkSAvALI, rAgadveSaprerita pravRtti ja baMdhanuM kAraNa che; niSkAma, rAgadveSarahita pravRtti baMdhanuM kAraNa nathI evuM phalita thAya che. eTalA mATe ja kahyuM che : vaSAthapuri vina muktireva /

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA 5. saMvara - karmarone AtmA bhaNI AvatI aTakAvavI te saMvara che. saMvarano upAya che pravRttino saMyama, sarva duSyavRttimAMthI aTakavuM. umAsvAtie saMvaranA upAya tarIke vrata, gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajya, cAritra ane tapane gaNAvyAM che. hiMsA, asatya, corI, maithuna ane parigrahamAMthI virati e vrata che. mana-vacana-kAyAnI pravRttino samyapha nigraha e guNi che. vivekazIla pravRtti e samiti che. kSamA, mRdutA, RjutA, zauca, saMyama, satya, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya ane brahmacaryarUpa dazavidha dharma che. zAMtabhAve parISaho sahana karavA e parISahajaya che. samabhAva Adi cAritra che. vastusthitinuM kalyANapoSaka ciMtana e anuprekSA che. da. nirjarA - lAgelAM karmomAMthI keTalAMka karmonuM kharI paDavuM, AtmAthI alaga thaI javuM e nirjarA che. A nirjarA be rIte thAya che. eka nirjarAmAM ucca AdhyAtmika AzayathI karAtAM tapathI lAgelI kamarajo kharI paDe che. bIjI nirjarAmAM karma potAnA paripAkanA samaye bhogavAI jaI kharI paDe che. pahelI sakAma nirjarA kahevAya che jyAre bIjI akAma nirjarA kahevAya che. akAma nirjarAnuM cakra to cAlyA ja kare che. tenAthI jIvane koI lAbha nathI. sakAma nirjarA ja AdhyAtmika lAbha karAve che. sakAma nirjarA tapathI sadhAya che. tapa be prakAranuM che - bAhya ane AtyaMtara. bAhya tapanA cha bheda che - anazana (upavAsa), UNodarI, vRtti saMkSepa (vividha vastuonI lAlaca TUMkAvavI), rasatyAga, viviktazayyAsanasaMlInatA (bAdhA vinAnA ekAnta sthAnamAM sUvuM-besavuMrahevuM te) ane kAyakaleza (TADhamAM, taDakAmAM rahI ke vividha Asana Adi vaDe zarIrane kasavuM te).65 AtyaMta2 tapanA paNa cha bheda che - prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya(sevAcAkarI), svAdhyAya, vyutsarga (aha-mamatvatyAgo ane dhyAna (dharmadhyAna ane zukladhyAna). 7. mokSa - baMdha hatuonA abhAvathI, saMvarathI ane nirAthI badhAM karmono Atmattika kSaya thavo (AtmAthI vikhUTA paDI javuM) e mokSa che. 67 sarvakarmanuM AvaraNa dUra thavAthI AtmAnA svAbhAvika guNo jJAna, darzana, cAritra ane vIrya pUrNapaNe pragaTa thAya che. temanuM Ananya pragaTe che. mokSamAM AtmA sukha-duHkhathI para banI jAya che. Ane ja paramAnandanI avasthA gaNavAmAM Ave che. keTalAka jaina cintakoe kahyuM che ke jJAnanI nirAbAdhatA e ja anantasukha che. 28 bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to pUrNatA e ja anantasukha che. alpatAmAM - apUrNatAmAM sukha nathI, pUrNatAmAM ja sukha che. dhUma hai tuma, nAlpe sukhamasti /

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20 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. E. 7. L. C. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. TippaNa "In ancient times the epithet Jina was applied by various groups of sramanas to their respective teachers. Mendicant followers of what eventually became known as Jaina tradition were originally known as Nigantha... It was only after sramana sects using the term Jina (e.g. the Ajivikas) either died out or simply abandoned this term in favour of another (as in the case of Buddhists) that the derived term Jaina (Jina-disciple) came to refer exclusively to the Niganthas. This seems to have occurred by round the ninth century..." The Jaina Path of Purification, Padmanabh S. Jaini, Motilal Banersidass, Delhi, 1979, p.2 fn.3 India and Europe, Wilhelm Halbfass, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1990, pp.12-13 10.136. 2-3 nyAyama--rInthimA~, saM. nagIna jI. zAha, lA.da.bhA.saM. vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda. 5.3.20 panavaNAsutta, siddhipada jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH / tattvArthasUtra, 1.1 tattvArthazraddhAnuM samya varzanam / ejana, 1.2 matizrutAvadhimanaH paryAyakevalAni jJAnam / khevana, 1.8 pAtaMjala yogasUtra (1.20) uparanA potAnA bhASyamAM vyAse zraddhAnI je vyAkhyA ApI che te akSarazaH bauddha vyAkhyAne maLatI che. te cheH zraddhA cetata: sasAvaH / tulanA - tattvapakSapAto hi dhiyAM (cittasya) svabhAvaH / yogavArtika, 1.8 jainonI Abhihika mithyAtvanI mAnyatA sAthe sarakhAvo. juo Jaina Philosophy and Religion, Nyayavijayaji, Tr. Nagin J. Shah, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1998, p.205 santAnAto 35saMmano cirupAkSati.... mijJanikAya, 2. 173 4na, caMkisutta oferreteri znzefa, enfgautat qui gonfa... 1 ulqxulasiu, ... 2.173 sutvA dhammaM dhAreti, dhAritAnaM dhammAnaM atthaM upaparikkhati, ... / khezana. AkAravatI saddhA... dazhhA asNhaariyaa...| bhaaibhanihAya, 1.320 abhidharmakozabhASya, 4.75

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA 19. a 3parivahata mA nI utti, niApariyA sari cho jAti, chAtI Dati, 3hatvA tuti, sunayatvA pati.... majhimanikAya, 2.173 20. vitarkavicArakSobhavirahAt... adhyAtmaprasAdaH / .. tasmAt tarhi zraddhA prsaadH| tasya hi dvitIyadhyAnalAbhAt samAhitabhUminiHsaraNe sampratyaya utpadyate / so'tra adhyAtmasArA abhidharmakozabhASya, 8.7 atyanta noMdhapAtra vAta e che ke keTalAka mahattvapUrNa bauddha pAribhASika zabdo pAtaMjala yogasUtra tema ja yogabhASyamAM maLe che. temAMno eka che "adhyAtmaprasAda'. zraddhAnI vyAse ApelI vyAkhyAmAM AvatA "prasAda' zabdane cittazuddhinA arthamAM arthAt zravaNa pUrvenI citanI rAgazaithilya ke rAgarAhityanI sthitinA arthamAM teNe ke tenA TIkAkAroe samajAvyo nathI. tene samajAvatAM vAcaspati potAnI tattvavaizAradImAM lakhe che : 3 4 mAmAnumAnAvArthopavezadhatitattvaviSayo mavati, sa ha retAH samAtomaratA zraddhA temanuM tAtparya che ke Agama, anumAna ke AcAryanA upadeza dvArA je tattvane parokSa rIte jANyuM teno sAkSAtkAra karavAnI tIvra IcchA te ja saMprasAda che, ane A saMprasAda ja zraddhA che. Ama vAcaspatinI samajUtI kevaLa zravaNa pachI thatI zraddhAne ja lakSamAM le che, zravaNapUrvenI zraddhAne lakSamAM letI nathI, ane zraddhAno je kharo artha cittazuddhi che teno jarA paNa nirdeza karatI nathI. vijJAnabhikSu vyAsabhAga uparanA potAnA vArtikamAM A pramANe samajAve che : saMsada pratiH yoga je bhUhityanApA teno tAtparyArtha - gurUpadezathI yogamArga jANI je yogamArge vaLyo che tenI yogamAM prIti tema ja mAre yoga siddha thAo evI abhilASA e saMprasAda che, ane A saMprasAda zraddhA che. prAdhyApaka esa. ena. dAsaguptAnI samakSa vijJAnabhikSunA A zabdo hatA, jyAre temaNe potAnA Yoga Philosophy graMthamAM (pR. 331) nIce mujaba lakhyuM : Sraddha...includes a sweet hope which looks cheerfully on the practice and brings a firm belief in the success of the attempt." vijJAnabhikSu paNa zraddhAthI kevaLa zravaNa pachInI zraddhA ja samaje che, ane "prasAdano artha cittazuddhi karatA nathI. paraMtu "adhyAtmaprasAda' zabdane samajAvatI vakhate pataMjali, vyAsa, vagere badhA ja "prasAdano artha cittazuddhi kare che. prastuta yogasUtra che : nirvicArazara adhyAtmasADA (2.47). pataMjali pote kahe che ke nirvicAra samApattimAM vicArano nirodha thavAthI je vaizAra yA svacchatA citta prApta kare che te adhyAtmaprasAda che. vyAsa potAnA bhASyamAM nIce mujaba kahe che : kSobha ane mohanA anukrame janaka rajas ane tamasarUpa maLonA AvaraNathI mukta thavAthI cittapravAha ahIM taddana svaccha banI jAya che; A svacchatA yA zuddhi e ja

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22 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna ra3 prasAda che. jyAre yogI nirvicAra samApattimAM A svacchatA yA prasAda pAme che tyAre tene adhyAtmaprasAdano lAbha thayo kahevAya che. svAmI hariharAnaMda AraNya potAnI A sUtra uparanI hiMdI TIkAmAM lakhe che : vRddhi (tti) hI thAnatiyA AdhyAtmi bhAva dRA 3ra vA prasAda yA nitya A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke vyAsanI zraddhAnI vyAkhyAmAM je prasAda zabda che teno artha vizuddhi karavo joIe. e noMdhavuM joIe ke adhyAtmaprasAdanI bauddha vibhAvanA ane pAtaMjala vibhAvanA atyanta samAna che. 21. pahitatto samAno kAyena ceva paramasaccaM saccikaroti, pAya ca taM ativijjha patti ! majUjhimanikAya, 2.173 22. Jaina Philosophy and Religion, Nyayavijayaji, Tra. Nagin J. Shah, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1998, p. 74 prasaGkhyAne'pyakusIdasya sarvathA vivekakhyAterdharmameghaH smaadhiH| tataH vajozanivRtti tathA sarvAvara/mAcisanavyAnajyAM yamAm aa yogasUtra, 4. 29-31. tad dharmameghAkhyaM dhyAnaM paramaM prasaGkhyAnaM vivekakhyAtereva parAkASTheti yogino vadanti / yogavArtika, 1.2. dharmameghasamAdhine bauddha dharmameghA-bhUmi sAthe sarakhAvo. 24. tattvArthazraddhAnaM smygdrshnm|jiivaajiivaastrvbndhsNvrnirjraamokssaastttvm|tttvaarthsuutr, 1.2 ane 4 25. tannAmA vA ejana, 1.3 ubhayatra samyagdarzane antaraGgo hetustulyo darzanamohasyopazamaH kSayaH kSayopazamo vA / tasmin sati yad bAhyopadezAd Rte prAdurbhavati tannaisargikam / yat paropadezapUrvakaM jIvAdyadhigamanimittaM taduttaram / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.3 26. nisargaje samyagdarzane'rthAdhigamaH syAd vA na vA / yadyasti, tadapi adhigamajameva nArthAntaram / atha nAsti, kathamanavabuddhatattvasya arthazraddhAnamiti / 1.3 / 27. zravaNa pUrvenI zraddhAno ullekha bRhadAraNyakanA pelA prasiddha vAkya bhAvAdrivya:' ityAdimAM che, jyAre zravaNa pachInI paraMtu manana pUrvenI zraddhAno ullekha chAndogyanA je be trikono ApaNe nirdeza karyo che temAM che. bhagavaddagItAnuM (4.39) prasiddha vAkya che - zraddhAvAn mate jJAnam ahIM zravaNa pUrvenI zraddhAno spaSTa ullekha che. "jJAna" zabdano artha ahIM AcAryopadezajanya jJAna che. ra9. pakhaMDAgama-dhavalATIkA, saM. hIrAlAla jaina, amarAvatI, 1939-42, pR. 151 30. ... mAvAn ... sAMkhyakArikA, 17. 31. cittasyadharmA drshnvrjitaaH||yogbhaassy, 3.15.cittaM prkhyaaprvRttisthitishiiltvaat...| yomANa..pradyA= jJAnam cittane jJAna che ane puruSane darzana che e sAMkhyamatanuM 28.

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jainadarzanamAM zraddhA(samyagdarzana)nI vibhAvanA 32. 33. * 34. 35. 3. 39. 38. 38. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. arthadarzanam... yasya ... khaMDana iratAM bhyaMta laTTa he che : yo hi jAnAti na tasya cArthadarzanaM na sa jAnAti / nyAyabhaMvarI, azI saMskRta sirija, pR. 4 cittaM cetaNA buddhiH taM jIvatattvameva / agastya siMha yUrsi, hasAliyasukta. vaNI, prAcIna vaina sAhityamAM prayukta 'sayitta', 'ayitta', 'puDhayatta' vagere zabdo viyAro. AcArAMganA prathama zrutaskaMdhamAM citta, jIva ane AtmA paryAya zabdo che, arthAt eka ja cetana tattva mATe te prayojAyelA che. *** nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva ... eyaM jIvassa lakkhaNaM // uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 28.11 pradezasaMhAravisargAbhyAM pradIpavat / tattvArthasUtra, 5 . 16 ghaTaprAsAdapradIpakalpaM saMkocavikAsi cittaM zarIraparimANAkAramAtramityapare pratipannAH / yogabhASya 4.10. evamapare sAGkhyA Ahurityartha: : / yogavArtiDa, 4 . 10. dukho bhAratIya tattvavidhA, paMDita sukhalAlajI, pR. 54 SaD jIvavarNAH paramaM pramANaM kRSNo dhUmro nIlamathAsya madhyam / raktaM punaH sahyataraM sukhaM tu hAridravarNaM susukhaM ca zuklam // paraM tu zuklaM vimalaM vizokaM... // "The theory of karmic colours is not peculiar to Jainas, but seems to have been part of the general pre-Aryan inheritance that was preserved in Magadha." Philosophies of India, The Bollingen Series, xxvi (1953), p.251 juo vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 1937-1638 sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH / tattvArthasUtra, 5 . 23 Pravacanasara, Sri Rayachanda Jaina sastramala, No 1, Ed. A.N. Upadhye, Introduction, p. Lxxxl snigdharukSatvAd bandhaH / tattvArthasUtra, 5.33 23 The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus, p. 97 (upara nirdiSTa Pravacanasara, Introduction, p. Lxxxiii bhAratIya tattvavidyA, paMDita subhavAvaka vaDoharA, 1858, 5.40 syAdetadasaGkhyAtapradezo lokaH anantapradezasyAnantAnantapradezasya ca skandhasyAdhikaraNamiti virodhastato nAnantyamiti ? naiSa doSa:, sUkSmapariNAmAvagAhanazakti yogAt / paramANvAdayo hi sUkSmabhAvena pariNatA ekaikasminnapyAkAzapradeze'nantAnantA avatiSThate, avagAhanazaktizcaiSAmavyAhatA asti / tasmAdekasminnapi pradeze anantAnantAnAm avasthAnaM na virudhyate / sarvArthasiddhi, 5.10 46-47 gatisthityupagraho dharmAdharmayorupakAraH / tattvArthasUtra, 5.17 AkAzasyAvagAhaH / khe4na, 5.18 48. 49. vartanApariNAmakriyAH paratvAparatve ca kAlasya [ upakAraH ] / kheSThana, 5.22

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna 51. 55. 56. 54. tatra paramasUkSmakriyasya sarvajaghanyagatipariNatasya paramANoH svAvagAhanakSetravyatikramakAlaH samaya ityucyate / tapArthaHuSya, 5.15 kAlasya pradezapracayAbhAvajJApanArtha... / sarvArthasiddhi, 5.1 52 ....puNa kAlo davvassa ceva pjjaao...| Avazya'yUli (2tadAma AvRtti), 40 43. kAyavAGmanaHkarma yogaH / sa AsravaH / tapArthasUtra, 6.1-2 yathA sarassalilAvAhi dvAraM tadAtravakAraNatvAd Astrava ityAkhyAyate tathA yogapraNAlikayA AtmanaH karma AstravatIti yoga Asrava iti vyapadezamarhati / savAsiddhi, 6.2 54. AtmakarmaNoranyonyapradezAnupravezAtmako bandhaH / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.4 mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogA bandhahetavaH / tattvArthasUtra, 8.1 sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte sa bandhaH / mena, 8.2 57. prakRtisthityanubhAvapradezAstadvidhayaH / mena, 8.3 58. tatra yoganimittau prakRtipradezau / savAsiddhi, 8.3 kaSAyanimittau sthityanubhAvI / mena, 8.3 60. juo tattvArthasUtra (gujarAtI vyAkhyA sahita), vivecaka paMDita sukhalAlajI, gUjarAta vidyApITha, sUtra 5.5 uparanuM vivecana 61. AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH / tarapArthasUtra, 8.1 sa guptisamitidharmAnuprekSAparISahajayacAritraiH / melana, 8.2 53. ekadezakarmasaMkSayalakSaNA nirjarA / sAthasiddhi, 1.4 64. tapasA nirjarA ca / tatvArthasUtra, 8.3 65. melana, 8.18 66. melana, 8.20 67. bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAbhyAM kRtstrakarmavipramokSo mokSaH / mehana, 10.2 68. jAdaM sayaM samattaM NANamaNaMtatthavitthaDe vimalaM / rahiyaM tu ogamahAdihi suhaM ti egatiyaM bhaNiyaM ||jN kevalaM ti NANaM taM sokkhaM pariNAmaM ca so ceva |prvynsaar, 1.59-60 tataH kutaH kevala-sukhayorvyatirekaH / ataH sarvathA kevalaM sukhamaikAntikamanumodanIyam / avayanasAranI tApaTTIpiTas, uthA 1.60. 12.

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bIjuM vyAkhyAna jainadarzanamAM matijJAna cAra sopAno ane matyAdi jJAnapaMcaka jaino pAMca prakAranAM jJAno svIkAre che - matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryAyajJAna ane kevaLajJAna. AmAM prathama benA kramamAM pheraphAra karIe to zruta, mati, avadhi, mana:paryAya ane kevaLajJAna thAya. have yAda karo pelA cAra aupaniSadika AdhyAtmika sopAnone - darzana, zravaNa, manana ane nididhyAsanane. bIjuM sopAna zravaNa e ja zruta che. trIjuM sopAna manana e ja mati che. ane cothA sopAna nididhyAsanamAM (dhyAnamAM) avidha, manaHparyAya ane kevaLajJAna samAveza pAme che, kAraNa ke A traNa kevalijJAno che, yogijJAno che. kevaLajJAna to zukladhyAnajanya che ja. avidha ane manaHparyAya dhyAnajanya che evuM jainoe spaSTapaNe kahyuM nathI. paraMtu jaina avadhijJAna e ja pAtaMjala yoganuM atIta-anAgata-sUkSma-vyavahita-viprakRSTajJAna che, ane bauddha divyacakSujJAna che, ane tyAM te dhyAnajanya che. jaina manaHparyAyajJAna e ja pAtaMjala yoganuM paracittajJAna ane bauddha cetoparyajJAna che, ane tyAM te dhyAnajanya che. eTale jainadarzanamAM paNa A be jJAnonuM kAraNa AMtarika zuddhisahita vizeSa dhyAna-samAdhine mAnavuM joIe. jaina pramANazAstra UbhuM karavA mATe manananuM matijJAnamAM parivartana mULa dhAtu nam (javuM) uparathI gamana ane gati be nAmo bane che. temano arthabheda nathI. tevI ja rIte, mULa dhAtu man (vicAravuM) uparathI manana ane mati be nAmo bane che. temano arthabheda nathI. upaniSadomAM manana mATe 'mati' zabdano prayoga aneka vAra thayo che. teno nirdeza ApaNe karyo che. vaLI, pUjyapAde matino artha manana Apyo che enI noMdha paNa ApaNe lIdhI che. zraddhAthI prerAyelo guru pAse jaI upadeza sAMbhaLe che. A zravaNa che, zruta che. pachI je sAMbhaLyuM tenA upara manana kare che. A mati che. manana karatI vyakti anAyAse ja pratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJA, tarka, anumAna, vagere pramANono prayoga kare che. te je pramANono prayoga kare che te pramANo vize tene zAstrIya jJAna hovuM Avazyaka nathI, ane tene e khyAla paNa na hoya ke teNe kyAM kyAM pramANono prayoga karyo ane te darekanuM svarUpa zuM ane te darekane zuM nAma apAya. alabatta, e vAta sAcI ke mananaprakriyAmAM tarkazAstrIya daSTi vinA ke te dRSTinA bhAna vinA te pratyakSa Adi pramANono prayoga kare che. A hakIkatano lAbha kaI jaina ciMtakoe (jemAM naMdisUtra Adi Agamono paNa samAveza thAya che) mananane mati nAmanA khAsa jJAnamAM parivartita karI e badhAM pramANono temAM samAveza karI mukhyatve pramANazAstrIya dRSTie tenI vicAraNA

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26 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna karI. Ama matijJAna temane mate te badhAM pramANa mATenuM eka sAmAnya nAma banI gayuM. sAdhakane mATe pramANazAstranuM zAstrIya jJAna jarUrI nathI. pramANazAstra na bhaNelo paNa sAruM manana karI zake ane e ja adhyAtmavidyAmAM apekSita che. A vastu ja uttarakALe bhulAI gaI lAge che ane pariNAme zrata pachI AvatA matino krama ulaTAvI devAmAM Avyo che, ane mati ane zrutano mukhyapaNe pramANazAstrIya dRSTie vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che. Ama jainoe potAnuM AgavuM pramANazAstra UbhuM karavA eka moTuM pagaluM bharyuM. dareka darzana potAnuM pramANazAstra UbhuM kare emAM kaMI khoTuM nathI ane karavuM joIe. paraMtu jaina ciMtakoe AdhyAtmika cAra sopAnonI mULabhUta yojanAne taddana bhUMsI tenuM nAmonizAna mITAvI tenA para pramANazAstra UbhuM karavAno prayatna karyo te akSamya che. tema chatAM temaNe mananamAMthI parivartita karelA matijJAnamAM keTalIka evI bAbato che je mULa manana tarapha nirdeza karyA vinA rahetI nathI ane keTalAka praznono uttara mULa manana ja mati che ema dhAravAthI maLI jAya che - anyathA maLato nathI. matijJAnanA prakAro AgamomAM matijJAnanuM varNana che. ane tattvArthasUtramAM Agamagata matijJAnanA varNanonuM vyavasthita saMkalana karavAmAM AvyuM che. tene AdhAre ahIM samIkSA-parIkSApUrvaka matijJAnavicAraNA karIzuM. mattikRtavamana:paryAyavettAna jJAnam (1.9). ahIM pAMca jJAnone gaNAvyAM che. pachI eka sUtra (1.13) Ave che - matiH smRti: saMjJA vittA vitha jyanA sUtrano artha che - mati, mRti, saMjJA, cittA, abhinibodha A badhA zabdo paryAyazabdo che - ekArthaka che. tAtparya e che ke mati mati che, smRti mati che, saMjJA mati che, cittA mati che ane abhinibodha paNa mati che. arthAta, mati,mRti, saMjJA, cintA ane abhinibodha e badhAM mati che. eno artha e thayo ke mati,mRti, vagere matinA prakAro che. A vastune dAMtathI samajIe. manuSya jIva che, hAthI jIva che, ghoDo jIva che. A arthamAM manuSya, hAthI, ghoDo, jIva anarthAntara che. Ano artha e ke manuSya, hAthI, ghoDAnuM sAmAnya nAma "jIva che. bIjA zabdomAM manuSya, hAthI, ghoDo e jIvanA prakAro che. tevI ja rIte, mati, smRti, saMjJA, cintA ane abhinibodha e matinA prakAro che. matijJAnanA prakAromAM paNa matijJAna che. eno artha e thAya ke matijJAnanA prakAromAM je matijJAna gaNAvyuM che teno saMkucita artha che ane te che indriyapratyakSa. Ama "mati' zabda be arthomAM vaparAyo che. teno vistRta artha che evuM jJAna jenA prakAro indriyapratyakSa, smRti, saMjJA, cittA ane abhinibodha che. bIjo teno

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 4 saMkucita artha che ane te che indriyapratyakSa. vistRta arthavALA matine matijJa kahIzuM ane saMkucita arthavALA matine mati-va kahIzuM. jo prastuta sUtramAM (1.13) AvatA 'mati' zabdane mati-a tarIke levAmAM Ave to te zabda smRti, saMjJA, cintA ane abhinibodhanuM sAmAnya nAma banI jAya ane pariNAme indriyapratyakSa chUTI jAya ane mati-a mAM teno samAveza na thAya. tattvArthaTIkAkAra siddhasenagaNi kahe che ke matino viSaya vartamAna che, smRtino atIta che, ityAdi. A vastu e hakIkatanuM samarthana kare che ke prastuta sUtramAM (1.13) 'ti' zabdano artha indriyapratyakSa che. saMjJA e pratyabhijJA che. te atIta ane vartamAna ubhayaviSayaka che. cinnA bhaviSyaviSayaka che. te bhaviSyanA viSayanI vicAraNA che. keTalAka cintAne pramANazAsrasvIkRta tarka gaNe che. A tarka anumAnanuM kAraNa che. abhinibodha paNa mati-a no eka prakAra ja che. te indriyapratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJA ane cintAnuM sAmAnya nAma nathI, jo ke jaina graMthomAM tene temanA sAmAnya nAma tarIke samajAvavAmAM Ave che ane e arthamAM teno prayoga karavAmAM Ave che. tethI paMDita sukhalAlajI potAnA vivecanamAM lakhe cheH "abhinibodha zabda sAmAnya che. te mati, smRti, saMjJA ane cintA e badhAM jJAno mATe vaparAya che." paraMtu mahendrakumAra jaina jevA keTalAka Adhunika vidvAnoe abhinibodhano artha anumAna karyo che, je ucita jaNAya che. AcArya hemacaMdre pramANamImAMsA svopakSavRttimAM kahyuM che tenA uparathI paNa abhinibodhano artha anumAna sUcita thAya che. tyAM temaNe kahyuM che : (indriyapratyakSanI aMtima koTi) dhAraNA pramANa che ane smRti phaLa che, pachI smRti pramANa che ane pratyabhijJA (saMjJA) phaLa che, pachI pratyabhijJA pramANa che ane Uha (cittA) phaLa che, pachI Uha pramANa che ane anumAna phaLa che. Ama indriyapratyakSathI mAMDI anumAna sudhI pUrvapUrvanI kaDIno pramANabhAva ane uttarottara kaDIno phaLabhAva jaNAvyo che. te kaDIo che - indriyapratyakSa, smRti, saMjJA, cintA ane anumAna. A nizcitapaNe sUcave che ke ahIM abhinibodha zabdanA badale anumAna zabdano prayoga thayo che ane te baMne eka ja arthanA vAcaka che. indriyapratyakSa, smRti vagerene matijJAnanA eka ja vargamAM mUkavAnuM kAraNa ahIM prazna e thAya che ke ekabIjAthI atyanna bhinna svabhAva dharAvatAM indriyapratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJA, cittA, anumAna jevAM zAno matijJAnanA (matianA) eka ja vargamAM mUkavAnuM kAraNa zuM? Ano uttara jaina ciMtako nIce mujaba Ape che. teo jaNAve che ke A badhAM jJAnonuM kAraNa matijJAnAvaraNIya karmano kSayopazama hoI, temane matijJAnanA eka ja vargamAM mUkyAM che. ahIM matijJAnAvaraNIya karmanA astitva 27

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna upara matijJAnanA astitvano AdhAra hoya evuM sUcavAya che. hakIkatamAM matijJAnanA astitvane kAraNe matijJAnAvaraNIya karmanuM astitva che, ane nahi ke matijJAnAvaraNIya karmanA astitvane kAraNe matijJAnanuM astitva. matijJAnAvaraNIya karmanI vibhAvanA matijJAnanI vibhAvanA upara Azrita che, paraMtu ethI UlaTuM matijJAnanI vibhAvanA matijJAnAvaraNIya karmanI vibhAvanA upara Azrita nathI. matijJAnanuM svarUpa zuM che ane temAM AvA paraspara bhinna svabhAvo dharAvatAM jJAnono samAveza kema karavAmAM Avyo che A mahattvanA praznono saMtoSaprada uttara koI jaina graMthamAM nathI. je uttara ApavAmAM Ave che te kevaLa pAribhASika, sAMpradAyika ane dogmatic che, tArkika ke buddhigamya nathI. A praznano saMtoSaprada uttara to e che ke mati e aupaniSadika cAra sopAnomAMnuM trIjuM sopAna manana che ane mananamAM A badhAM jJAna yA pramANono prayoga thAya che. ethI mananane eka prakAranA jJAnamAM (matijJAnamAM) jainoe parivartita karavA chatAM te mULe peluM manana che e hakIkatano avazeSa matijJAnamAM indriyapratyakSa, smRti, vagereno samAvezanI jaina mAnyatAmAM rahI gayo che. matijJAnamAM zratano samAveza kema na karyo? vaLI, jainoe jeno uttara Apavo joIe te bIjo mahattvano prazna e che ke ekabIjAthI atyanna bhinna svabhAvo dharAvatAM indriyapratyakSa, smRti vagerene matijJAnanA eka vargamAM mUkyAM to zrutano (AgamapramANa, zabdapramANano) samAveza paNa matijJAnamAM kema na karyo? evuM te zuM che ke jainone tema karatAM roke che? temano uttara e ja che ke pelAM badhAM jJAnonuM kAraNa matijJAnAvaraNIya karmano kSayopazama che jyAre zrutanuM kAraNa zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karmano kSayopazama che, ane kAraNabhede temano bheda che. A uttara paNa pAribhASika, sAMpradAyika ane dogmatic che ane tethI grAhya ke svIkArya nathI. eTaluM ja nahi paNa A uttara aMge paNa prazna UThe che ke be bhinna jJAnAvaraNIya karmo - matijJAnAvaraNIya ane zrutajJAnAvaraNIya - kalpavAnI zI jarUra hatI, eka matijJAnAvaraNIya karmathI na cAle ? jo indriyapratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJA, cintA, anumAna jevAM atyanta bhinna svabhAvavALAM jJAno mATe bhinna bhinna jJAnAvaraNIya karmo na kapyAM to zratane mATe juduM jJAnAvaraNIya karma kema kayuM? jaino indrayapratyakSa, smRti vagerene svataMtra pramANo mAne che chatAM temanAM AvaraNIya karmo svataMtra nathI mAnyAM, to pachI zrutanuM svataMtra AvaraNIya karma kema mAnyuM ? vaLI, jema indriyapratyakSa, smRti, vagerene jaino mukhyapaNe parokSa mAne che, tema zruta paNa parokSa ja che. to pachI zratane matinA vargamAMthI alaga kema rAkhyuM ? zratano matimAM samAveza karI zrutane paNa mati kema

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 29 na gaNyuM ? A praznano kharo uttara to e che ke jainasammata mati, zruta Adi pAMca jJAnonI mAnyatAnA mULamAM aupaniSadika cAra sopAnonI yojanA che ane e yojanAmAM manana pUrve mananathI juduM zravaNa sopAna anivArya che, e mULa hakIkate ja jainone matimAM zrutano samAveza karatAM rokyA lAge che. aupaniSadika cAra sopAnomAM bIjA ane trIjA sopAna zravaNa ane manananA sthAne jainoe potAnA jJAnapaMcakanA vargIkaraNamAM zruta ane matine sthAna ApyuM che (alabatta, krama UlaTAvI nAkhyo che). manana pUrve zravaNanI eka svataMtra sopAna tarIkenI anivAryatAno jUno avazeSa jainonA jJAnapaMcakamAM matithI zrutanA svataMtra svIkAramAM jaLavAyo che, anyathA to zrutane paNa matimAM dAkhala karavAmAM temane koI vAMdho na hovo joIe. AmAMthI e paNa nizcitapaNe phalita thAya che ke matijJAnAvaraNIya karma, zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karma, ityAdi jJAnAvaraNIya karmanA bhedonI vyavasthA paNa eTalI prAcIna nathI jeTalI prAcIna cAra sopAnonI vyavasthA che. matijJAnanuM nimittakAraNa ane manananuM nimittakAraNa jaino matijJAna( matti-4)nA sAdhakatama kAraNanI carcA kare che. sAdhakatama kAraNane mATe umAsvAti 'nimittakAraNa'zabdano prayoga kare che. matijJAna( mati-a )mAM samAveza pAmelAM indriyapratyakSa, smRti vagere jJAnomAMthI koI indriyanimittaka che, koI manonimittaka che to koI ubhayanimittaka paNa che. tethI, umAsvAti lakhe che - tar phandriyAnindriyanimittam / (1.14). A sUtra jaNAve che ke mati( mati-6 )nuM nimittakAraNa indriya ane anindriya (=mana) che. A sUtrane bhASya nIce pramANe samajAve che. matinA be bheda thAya che - indriyanimitta matijJAna ane manonimitta matijJAna. kevaLa indriyanimitta matijJAna to nirvikalpa indriyapratyakSa ja che, kAraNa ke te manovyApArarahita che, vicArazUnya che. savikalpa indriyapratyakSa to indriya ane mana baMne nimittakAraNothI janma che. tethI ApaNe teno samAveza zemAM karIzuM ? - indriyanimitta matijJAnamAM ke manonimitta matijJAnamAM ? zakya uttara e che ke teno samAveza indriyanimitta matijJAnamAM karavo joIe kAraNa ke savikalpa indriyapratyakSamAM indriyavyApAra pradhAna che jyAre manovyApAra gauNa che, alpa che, adazya che. matijJAnanA prakAro smRti ane tarka baMnene manonimitta mAnavAM joIe. pratyabhijJA ane anumAna bAbate, jo ke te baMne indriya ane mana baMne nimittothI janya che chatAM temane manonimitta ja gaNavAM joIe kAraNa ke temanI utpattimAM manovyApAra mukhya che jyAre indriyavyApAra gauNa che. tattvArthasUtra uparanI potAnI TIkAmAM siddhasenagaNi prastuta sUtranI samajUtI Ape che ane tene AdhAre matijJAnanA traNa bheda kare che - indriyanimitta, manonimitta ane indriya

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30 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna manaubhayanimitta, te jaNAve che ke evuM matijJAna che jenuM nimittakAraNa kevaLa indriya che. je jIvone mana nathI arthAta ekendriyathI mAMDI asaMjJI paMcendriya jIvonI bAbatamAM to kevaLa indriyanimitta matijJAna ja hoya che. A uparathI zuM ApaNe evuM samajavuM ke je manavALA (saMjJI paMcendriya) jIvo che temane kevaLa Indriyanimitta matijJAna saMbhavatuM ja nathI, arthAta zuddha nirvikalpa IndriyapratyakSano asaMbhava che ? te smRtine kevaLa manonimitta matijJAna gaNe che. savikalpaka indriyapratyakSane te ubhayanimitta mAne che. A uparathI sUcita thAya che ke A pUrvenI nirvikalpa IndriyapratyakSanI bhUmikArUpa matijJAna kevaLa indriyanimitta hovuM joIe. temaNe pratyabhijJA, anumAna ane cittA (taka)nA nimittakAraNa vize kaMI kahyuM nathI. paraMtu ApaNe kahI zakIe ke :-- . bhayanimitta che jayAre cintA kevaLa manonimitta che. pratyabhijJAno viSaya atIta ane vartamAna gheI tene ubhayanimitta gaNI zakAya. anumAna liMgadarzana ane vyAptismRti e ubhayanimittajanya hoI, tene ubhayanimittaka mAnI zakAya. cittA ke tarka to manonimitta che ja. ahIM eka vastu khyAlamAM rAkhavI joIe ke manana eka prakriyA che, cittanapravAha che jemAM indriyapratyakSa Adino phALo che chatAM temanuM svataMtra astitva pravAhamAM jaNAtuM nathI, te badhAM maLI eka akhaMDa pravAha bane che, temanuM astitva temAM ogaLI jAya che, ane tethI ja ahIM temanA potAnAM svataMtra nimittonI vAta karavI asthAne che - nirarthaka che. kharekhara manananA, ciMtananA - eka akhaMDa ciMtanapravAhanA nimittanI vAta karavI ja sthAne che, sArthaka che. ane e rIte vicAratAM manananuM nimittakAraNa kevaLa mana ja che ema kahevuM joIe. A arthamAM mati kevaLa manonimitta che. matijJAnanA avagrahAdi bhedo - umAsvAti kahe che ke avagraha, Iu, avAya ane dhAraNA e cAra matijJAnanA bhedo che, matijJAnanI kramika bhUmikAo che. vahevAyA (1.15). badhA ja jainagraMtho A cArane IndriyapratyakSane anulakSIne ja samajAve che. vastu kaI jatinI che, tenA vizeSa guNo kyA che, e vizeSatAothI rahita te vastunuM sAva sAmAnya jJAna te avagraha che. udAharaNArtha, gADha aMdhakAramAM page kAMIka sparza thatAM "kAMIka che' evuM jJAna thAya che. A jJAnamAM jaNAtuM nathI ke kaI vastuno sparza thayo che. AvuM avyakta jJAna avagraha kahevAya che. avagRhIta viSaya kyo che e vizeSarUpe jANavA zarU thayelI vicAraNA je aneka vikalpo (altematives) upasthita kare che te IhA che. udAharaNArtha, A je spardhAnubhava thayo temAM laMbAIno, goLAkAra - naLAkArano anubhava che.

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna sparzAnubhavanuM sAmAnya pRthakkaraNa keTalAka evA sAmAnya dharmo jaNAve che je eka karatAM vadhAre vastuomAM saMbhavI zake. A vastuo anubhavanA saMbhavita viSayo tarIke vikalparUpe upasthita thAya che. doraDuM ane sApa vikalparUpe upasthita thAya che. doraDuM haze ke sApa? Ama ihA saMzaya jevI jaNAya che. paraMtu IhAmAM vizeSanizcaya bhaNInI pravaNatA - gati hoya che. IhA pachI teNe upasthita karelA vikalpanI parIkSA karI, sparzAnubhavanuM vizeSa pRthakkaraNa karI, tene AdhAre eka pachI eka vikalpane dUra karatA jaI (=avAya) chevaTe eka ja vikalpane nirNaya tarIke sthApavo te avAya. sApa hoya to eno sparza lIso hoya, A to kharabarADo hato. vaLI, sApa hoya to sarakyA vinA ke phUMphADo mAryA vinA rahe nahi. mATe e sApano sparza nathI. Ama sApano vikalpa dUra karI e doraDAno ja sparza che, doraDuM anubhavano viSaya che e nirNaya upara AvavuM te avAya che. pachI avAyarUpa nizcaya keTalAka samaya sudhI cAlu rahe che, jene dhArAvAhI pratyakSa paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. paNa pachI indriyano bIjA viSaya sAthe sakirSa thatAM ke mana bIjA viSayamAM cAlyuM jatAM te nizcaya lupta thaI jAya che paNa potAnA saMskAra mUkato jAya che. A saMskAra bhaviSyamAM yogya nimitta maLatAM jAgrata thaI pUrve je viSaya nizcita anubhavyo hato tenuM maraNa karAve che. Ama chevaTanA nizcayanuM eka dhArArUpe keTaloka kALa cAlu rahevuM, A nizcaye pADelA saMskAranuM cittamAM TakI rahevuM, A saMskAra jAgavAthI smaraNa thavuM - A traNe vyApArono dhAraNAmAM samAveza karavAmAM Ave che. matijJAnanA avagrahAdi bhedomAM avyavasthA ane manana umAsvAti anusAra, ApaNe joyuM tema, indriyapratyakSa e eka ja Indriyanimitta matijJAna che, jyAre bAkInAM manonimitta matijJAno che. umAsvAti pAMca bAlaeNndriyajanya pAMca pratyakSomAMthI darekanA avagraha Adi cAra bhedo mAne che, eTale vIsa bheda thayA. Ama indriyanimitta matijJAnanA vIsa bheda thayA. have ja smRti, pratyabhijJA, cintA ane abhinibodha e darekanA avagraha Adi cAra cAra bhedo mAnIe to bIja soLa bhedo thAya. Ama manonimitta matijJAnonA bIjA soLa bheda thAya. paraMtu umAsvAtie to bIjA cAra ja bhedo mAnyA che. arthAta temaNe kula 2+4=14 ja bhedo mAnyA che. eno artha e thayo ke temaNe manonimitta matijJAnomAMthI kevaLa ekanA ja avagrahAdi cAra bhedo mAnyA che. A eka manonimitta matijJAna kyuM? jaina ciMtako mRti Adi cAramAMthI koIne paNa A manonimitta matijJAna mAnatA lAgatA nathI. temaNe to sukhAdiviSayaka manonimitta mAnasa pratyakSarUpa manonimitta matijJAnanAM avagrahAdi cAra bhedo mAnyA che."

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32 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna bAhyondriyajanya pAMca pratyakSomAM avagraha vagere cAra bhUmikAo svIkAravAmAM paNa Ave che ane spaSTapaNe ghaTAvavAmAM paNa Ave che. mAnasa pratyakSamAM A cAra bhUmikAo svIkArI to che, paNa koIe ghaTAvI nathI. smRti Adi cAra manonimitta matijJAnomAM to avagraha Adi cAra bhUmikAo svIkArI ja nathI, to pachI ghaTAvavAnI to vAta ja rahetI nathI. A avyavasthAnuM kAraNa zuM che? kharekhara to jaina ciMtakAe matijJAnanA dareka prakAramAM A cAra bhUmikAo svIkAravI joIe ane ghaTAvavI joIe. paraMtu bAlvendriyapratyakSa sivAya bIjA koI matiprakAramAM A bhUmikAo svIkAravI ke ghaTAvavI zakya ja nathI. vastutaH to avagraha Adi A cAra bhUmikAo manananI che. ane jyAre jaina ciMtakoe mananane matijJAna nAmanA khAsa vizeSa jJAnamAM parivartita karI dIdhuM tyAre temaNe manananI bhUmikAone paNa matijJAnamAM saMkrAnta (transfer) karI dIdhI. Ama matijJAnamAM avagraha Adine laI je avyavasthA jaNAya che tenuM kAraNa A che. manananI cAra bhUmikAone indriyapratyakSamAM lAgu karI jaina cittakoe potAnA tarkazAstramAM potAno IndriyapratyakSano viziSTa siddhAnta ghaDI kADhyo. avagrahAdi bhUmikAo manananI che avagraha Adi cAra bhUmikAone manananI bhUmikAo tarIke saraLatAthI samajAvI zakAya che ane te manananI bhUmikAo che. AnuM spaSTa sUcana prAcIna aMga Agama jJAtAdharmakathA (prathama adhyayana, 35)mAM maLe che. tyAM A vAkya Ave che. te ja sumiNapADhagA seNiyassa raNNo evamaTuM soccA Nisamma haTTa jAva hiyayA taM sumiNaM ogiNhaMti / ogiNhaMtA ihaM annupvisNti...| (zRtvA...avagRhNanti / avagRhya ihAm anuvantiA ) rANIne svapra Ave che. rANI rAjAne jaNAve che. rAjA svaprapAThakone bolAve che, temane svapra jaNAve che ane arthaghaTana karavA kahe che. sauprathama svaprapAThako rAjArANI je kahe te sAMbhaLe che (zravaNa). pachI teno sAmAnya artha (meaning) grahaNa kare che (avagraha). pachI vizeSa artha (tAtparyAthI vicAre che, je aneka vikalpo (alternatives) khaDA kare che. A che IhA. pachI e vikalponI vizeSa vicAraNA-parIkSA karI eka pachI eka vikalpane dUra karI chevaTe eka vikalpane nirNayarUpe sthApe che. A che avAya. A nirNayane - tAtparyAthane manamAM dhArI rAkhI (dhAraNA) pachI bIjI vastunA vicAra tarapha vaLe che. uddhata vAkyamAM prathama be bhUmikAo avagraha ane ihAno ullekha che, paraMtu pachInI be bhUmikAo ApaNe kalpI zakIe chIe. vAkya tadana spaSTapaNe sUcave che ke cAre bhUmikAo manananI che. avagrahathI zarU karI dhAraNA sudhInI samagra manananI prakriyA che. Ama avagraha Adi cAra bhUmikAo samagra manananI prakriyAmAM

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 33 ghaTAvI zakAya che, paraMtu mananamAM prayukta koI paNa pramANamAM - indriyapratyakSa sivAya - ghaTAvI zakAtI nathI. jemaNe mananane eka khAsa prakAranA jJAnamAM - matijJAnamAM - pheravI nAkhyuM te jaina ciMtako A cAra bhUmikAone matijJAnamAM lAgu karavAnI vAta choDI zakyA nahi, paraMtu teo matijJAnanA dareka prakAramAM te cAra bhUmikAo svIkArI zakyA nahi ke dhaTAvI zakyA nahi. Ama temaNe matijJAnamAM manananI cAra bhUmikAno vAraso avazeSarUpe kAyama rAkhyo. vaLI, manananI A cAra bhUmikAe indriyapratyakSano vigatavA2 siddhAnta ghaDavAmAM jaina tArkikone moTI sahAya karI. avagrahAdinA bahugrAhI Adi bhedo ane manana umAsvAti avagraha, IhA, avAya ane dhAraNAmAMthI pratyekanA bahugrAhI, ekagrAhI, bahuvidhagrAhI, ekavidhagrAhI, kSipragrAhI, akSipragrAhI, nizritagrAhI, anizritagrAhI, saMdigdhagrAhI, asaMdigdhagrAhI, dhruvagrAhI, avagrAhI ema bAra bAra bhedo gaNAve che.19 A badhA bhedonI samajUtI ApavI jarUrI nathI. paraMtu eka nirIkSaNa to karavuM joIe ke A badhA bhedonI paraMparAgata je samajUtI ApavAmAM Ave che te ghaNA sthAnoe khaTake che ane tarka sAme TakI zake evI nathI. udAharaNArtha, avAyanI bAbatamAM kahevuM ke teno eka bheda saMdigdhagrAhI avAya che e to vadatovyAghAta che 'mAtA me vandhyA' jevI vAta che. jo te avAya che to saMdigdhagrAhI zAno ? ane jo saMdigdhagrAhI che to avAya zAno? evuM to nathI ne ke koI bIjAnA bhedo ahIM lAgu karI devAmAM AvyA hoya? 'confused, muddled thinking' jevA zabdaprayogo pracalita che. saMdigdha, aspaSTa ciMtana-manana saMbhave che. vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagrahanuM sAcuM arthaghaTana 20 vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagraha - indriyapratyakSarUpa matijJAnanI prathama bhUmikA avagrahanI paNa be peTAbhUmikAo karavAmAM AvI che. temAM pahelI vyaMjanAvagrahanI bhUmikA che ane bIjI arthAvagrahanI bhUmikA che. vyaMjanAvagraha eTale vyaMjanano avagraha. jaino vyaMjanano artha ahIM indriyano viSayanI sAthe saMyoga arthAt indriyArthasannikarSa kare che. TIkAkAra siddhasenagaNi lakhe cheH tat puna: vyajjana saMzrleSarUpe vinkriyALAM sparzanAdInAmupakaraNAkhyAnAM sparzAdyAkAreNa pariNatAnAM ca yaH parasparaM saMzleSaH tad dhyAnam / (1.18). saMskRta bhASAnI e khUbI che ke game te zabdamAMthI tenI vividhavyutpattikSamatAne kA2Ne jene je artha joIto hoya te kADhI zake - bhale pachI te artha zabdakozamAM na hoya. Ane kAraNe ja eka zlokanA so artho ApanAra zatArthI jevA graMtho saMskRtamAM racAyA che. jaina ciMtakoe saMskRta bhASAnI A khUbIno geralAbha uThAvI

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34 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna vyaMjana zabdano artha IndriyArthasarSi karyo che. vyaMjanAvagrahamAM indriyArthasamikarSanuM ja grahaNa thAya che. pachI indriya sAthe saMbaddha arthanuM - vastunuM sAmAnyarUpe grahaNa thAya che. A arthAvagraha che. "artha' zabdano artha ahIM vastu karavAmAM Avyo che. je indriyanI bAbatamAM sakirSa saMbhavato nathI tyAM sIdho ja arthAvagraha thAya che. vyaMjanano artha IndriyArthasannikarSa karavo e kaMIka vicitra lAge che. vyaMjanano pracalita artha choDI Avo artha karavo e sUcave che ke ahIM jaina ciMtako koI prAcIna bAbatane navo vAgho paherAvI rahyA che. "vyaMjanA' zabdano pracalita artha che zabda, pahelAM zabdanuM grahaNa thAya che ane pachI zabdArthanuM grahaNa thAya che. A darzAve che ke "arthAvagraha' zabdagata "artha' zabdano artha vastu nathI paNa zabdano artha 'meaning che. zabdagrahaNanI lAMbI prakriyA che. zabda aneka akSarano banela hoya che. ane akSara to uccArAtAM ja nAza pAmI jAya che. to pachI zabdanA badhA akSaronuM jo ekasAthe grahaNa na thaI zakatuM hoya to zabdanuM grahaNa kevI rIte thAya? A praznanA samAdhAna mATe bhAratIya ciMtakone zabdagrahaNanI lAMbI prakriyA samajAvavI paDI che. temAM UtaravuM ahIM jarUrI nathI. zabdagrahaNa pachI zabdArthanA grahaNanI prakriyA samajAvavAmAM Ave che. zabdanA grahaNa pachI saMketanuM smaraNa thAya che ane pachI zabdArthanuM grahaNa thAya che. zabdArthanA grahaNa pachI vAkyarthanA grahaNanI vizeSa prakriyA che. zabdArthagrahaNa ane vAkyarthagrahaNa baMneno samAveza arthAvagrahamAM thAya. Ama manana jeno AdhAra laI AgaLa cAle che te mULa AdhAra vyaMjanAvagraha che ane pachI arthAvagrahathI khuda manananI prakriyA AgaLa cAle che. "vyaMjana" ane "arthano Avo artha jaina paraMparAmAM paNa prasiddha che. juo nIcenI bahu jANItI gAthA - kAle viNaye bahumANe uvahANe taha aNiNhavaNe / vaMjaNa attha tadubhae aTThaviho NANamAyAro // jaina paraMparAmAM jyAM jyAM "yaMjana" ane "artha no prayoga sAthe sAthe thayo che tyAM temano artha anukrame zabda ane meaning che. tattvArthasUtrabhASya 1.35 uparanI TIkAmAM siddhasenagaNi lakhe che - vya zabda, mithe vAMva: | uparAMta jaina paraMparAmAM adhyApananI paddhatimAM pahelAM ziSyane sUtra, gAthAnA zabdonuM ja grahaNa karAvavAmAM Ave che, temane yogya uccAraNa sAthe moDhe karAvavAmAM Ave che. tene gAthA moDhe thaI jAya pachI tene gAthAno artha samajAvavAmAM Ave che, arthanuM grahaNa karAvavAmAM Ave che. Ama ziSya prathama vyaMjananuM grahaNa kare che ane pachI arthanuM grahaNa kare che. manananA AdhAra ane Adi evA vyaMjanAvagraha (zabdagrahaNa) ane arthAvagraha

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 35 (zabdArthagrahaNa)ne indriyArthasakirthAvagraha ane vastuavagrahamAM badalI nAkhI jaina ciMtakoe indriyapratyakSanA potAnA siddhAMtamAM nirvikalpa pratyakSa pUrva eka bhUmikA dAkhala karI, indriyArthasajJikarSanI carcA dAkhala karI ane mukhya to indriyonAM prApyakAritvaaprApyakAritvanI samasyAnI vicAraNA dAkhala karI. zrutajJAna ane matijJAnano krama ane viSaya matijJAna ane zrutajJAnanA grAhya viSayo vize nIcenuM sUtra che - gatizrayo: nivasarvadravyeSu sarvaparyAyey I 1.27). arthAta, matijJAna ane zrutajJAnano vyApAra sarva dravyomAM che paNa sarva dravyonA sarva paryAyomAM nathI paraMtu ochA paryAyomAM che. ahIM prazna thAya ke atyanta amUrta dravyo dharmadravya Adi ane temanA paryAyo matijJAnano viSaya kevI rIte banI zake? zuM teo indriyapratyakSano viSaya banI zake? smRtino viSaya banI zake ? pratyabhijJAno viSaya banI zake? cintA (ke taka)no viSaya banI zake? anumAnano viSaya banI zake? temanA mATe atyanta amUrta dravyone viSaya karavA muzkela che. paraMtu jo matine manana tarIke samajavAmAM Ave to samAdhAna saraLa thaI jAya che. gurumukhe mUrta-amUrta badhAM dravyo vize tema ja temanA parimita paryAyo vize sAMbhaLyA bAda (zravaNa pachI) te badhAM dravyo ane te paryAyo mananano viSaya banI zake che. A saMdarbhamAM TIkAkAra siddhasenagaNinuM vacana noMdhapAtra che. te kahe che : matijJAno tAvata zrutajJAnenopalabdheSu artheSu..dravyANi dhyAyati (manute) tadA matijJAnaviSayaH sarvadravyANi na tu sarvAH paryAyA:... tathA zrutagranthAnusAreNa sarvANi dharmAdIni jAnAti, na tu teSAM sarvapayAna(1.27) A spaSTapaNe darzAve che ke jene jaino matijJAna kahe che te mULe manana che ane pahelAM zravaNa (kRta)che ane pachI ja mati (manana) che. zrutane AdhAre ja manana (mati) cAle che. - umAsvAti lakhe che : atipUrva (u.20). pahelAM mati thAya che ane pachI zrutajJAna thAya che. ahIM matino saMkucita artha karI kevaLa indra pratyakSa samajavAmAM Ave che ane kahevAmAM Ave che ke zabdane sAMbhaLyA (zrAvaNa pratyakSa) pachI zabdArthanuM jJAna (zrutajJAna)thatuM hoI zrutajJAna pahelAM matijJAna avazyapaNe hoya che. arthAta, pahelAM zrAvaNa pratyakSarUpa matijJAna thAya che ane pachI zAbda jJAna (zrutajJAna) thAya che. jo matino artha manana karavAmAM Ave to krama UlaTAI jAya. upara udbhUta siddhasenagaNivacana mati'nA manana arthanuM samarthana kare che. vaLI, khuda umAsvAti ApaNane kahe che ke manano viSaya zrata che, arthAta gurUmukhe je sAMbhaLyuM tenA upara mana manana kare che. zratinikriyathA (2.22). A badhuM spaSTapaNe darzAve che ke jainoe trIjA sopAna

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna mananane ja khAsa prakAranA jJAna matijJAnamAM parivartita karI dIdhuM che - chatAM mULa manananA avazeSo rahI gayA che. cAra sopAnonI yojanAmAM zraddhA (darzana) pachI zravaNa Ave che. zravaNanuM kAraNa zraddhA che. adhyAtmavidyAmAM A svIkAra svAbhAvika che. bhagavadgItAmAM paNa kahyuM che ke zraddhAvAna tamane jJAna. arthAta jene zraddhA thaI hoya che te guru pAsethI jJAna prApta kare che. A zrutajJAna che. Ama zraddhAne zrutajJAnanuM kAraNa gaNela che. A zrutajJAna pUrve zrAvaNa pratyakSa hovA chatAM adhyAtmavidyAne ke sAdhakane teno koI upayoga nathI - te adhyAtmanuM sopAna banI zakatuM nathI. tethI tene zrutajJAnanuM kAraNa na gaNatAM zraddhAne ja zrutajJAnanuM kAraNa gaNela che. adhyAtmavidyAmAM zrutajJAnanuM kAraNa zrAvaNa indriyapratyakSa nathI paNa zraddhA ja che. pramANa lakSaNa jaina tArkiko te jJAnane pramANa gaNe che je avisaMvAdI paNa hoya ane vyavasAyAtmaka paNa hoya. avisaMvAda eTale jJAna ane viSayasvabhAva vacceno meLa arthAta je dharma viSayamAM hoya te jJAnamAM bhAsavo te, tathA jJAna ane tajjanya pravRtti vacceno saMvAda. avisaMvAditA vyavasAyAtmakatAyatta che. 24 matiprakAro parokSa pramANo jaina tArkikoe indriyapratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJA, tarka ane anumAnane parokSa pramANo gayAM che, kAraNa ke indriya ane mananI sahAya vinA AtmAne sAkSAt thatuM vastunuM yathArtha jJAna teone mate pratyakSa che. have ApaNe matijJAnanA A indriyapratyakSa Adi prakAro vize jaina tArkikoe zuM jaNAvyuM che tene saMkSepamAM rajU karIe. IndriyapratyakSa - indriyapratyakSa vize mahattvanI bAbatonI vicAraNA karI lIdhI che. bAkI rahelI keTalIka bAbatonI noMdha laIe. jaina pramANazAstramAM jaina tArkikoe pramANazAstrIya daSTie indriyapratyakSane pratyakSa pramANa tarIke svIkAryuM che jo ke paramArthataH to te parokSa pramANa che. paraMtu teo tene sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahe che. teo vyavasAyAtmaka jJAnane ja pramANa mAnatA hoI, avAyane ja pratyakSa pramANa tarIke svIkAre che. IhAmAM to haju nizcaya thayo nathI paraMtu nizcaya mATenI mAtra vicAraNA che. eTale IhA paNa pratyakSa pramANa na gaNAya. ane avagrahamAM to nizcaya tarapha laI jatI vicAraNAno paNa abhAva che. avagraha nirvikalpa jJAna che. eTale te paNa pramANanI

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna koTimAM Ave nahi. bauddho kevaLa nirvikalpa pratyakSane ja pratyakSa gaNe che. jaina tArkikoe A bauddha matanuM joradAra samartha khaMDana karyuM che. 26 smRti - yogya nimitto maLatAM pUrvAnubhUta viSayanA saMskAro jAgavAthI te viSayanuM punaH manaHpaTala para AvavuM te smRti che. tethI smRtine saMskAramAtrajanya kahI * che. Ama smRti e kaMI navIna jJAna nathI paNa adhigatanuM ja jJAna che. smRtimAM ApaNe saMskAroddhodha dvArA pUrvAnubhavane tAjo karIe chIe ane pUrvAnubhUta viSayane yAda karIe chIe. A darzAve che ke smRti adhigatagrAhI che tema ja arthajanya nathI. A kAraNe moTAbhAganA ajaina tArkiko mRtine pramANa tarIke svIkAratA nathI. jaina tArkiko smRti gRhItagrAhI hovA chatAM tene pramANa mAne che, kAraNa ke te avisaMvAdI che. 28 agRhItagrAhitya ane gRhItagrAhitya pramANatA ke apramANatAnuM kAraNa nathI. pramANatAnuM kAraNa to avisaMvAda che. ane avisaMvAda to anya jJAnonI jema smRtimAM paNa che. vaLI, samasta jagatano vyavahAra smRtimUlaka che. mAnavapragatimAM anya jJAnonI apekSAe mRtino viziSTa phALo che. uparAMta, smRti 'te' zabdollekhapUrvaka viSayanuM grahaNa kare che, 29 "te zabdollekha anubhavamAM hoto nathI. Ama te pUrvAnubhUta viSayane tattAvacchinnarUpe grahaNa kare che. pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna ane Agama Adi pramANonI utpatti smRti vinA zakya nathI. tethI pratyabhijJAna Adi pramANonI janaka hovAthI paNa smRti pramANa che. jema pratyakSa visaMvAdI hoya tyAre tene apramANe jANIe chIe tema smRti paNa visaMvAdI hoya tyAre tene paNa apramANa jANavI, anyathA tene paNa pratyakSanI jema ja pramANa tarIke svIkAravI ja joIe. vaLI, arthajanyatva hovuM ke na hovuM pramANatA ane apramANatAnuM kAraNa nathI, kAraNa ke pramANa jJAnanuM arthajanyatva sArvatrika nathI. tethI, avisaMvAdI hovAne kAraNe mRtine pramANa tarIke svIkAravI ja joIe. A che jaina tArkikono mata. pratyabhijJA - indriyapratyakSa ane smaraNathI utpanna thanAruM ekatva, sAdezya, vaisAdezya, pratiyogI, ApekSika rUpathI saMkalana karanAruM mAnasa jJAna pratyabhijJAna che. jo ke "te ja A che" e pratyabhijJAnamAM "te" aMza smaraNano viSaya che ane A aMza pratyakSano viSaya che, chatAM "te ja A che e samagra saMkalita viSayane - ekatvane na to maraNa grahaNa karI zake che na to indriyapratyakSa. eTale A saMkalita viSayane grahaNa karanAruM smaraNa-pratyakSabhinna eka svataMtra pratyabhijJA nAmanuM svataMtra pramANa jaina tArkikoe svIkAryuM che. vartamAnagrAhI pratyakSa ane atItagrAhI smaraNamUlaka jeTalA saMkalanAtmaka mAnasa jJAno che temano pratyabhijJAmAM jaina tArkiko samAveza kare che. je ekatvanI -

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38 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna sthAyitvanI - dharIpara jagatano samasta vyavahAra cAle che te ekatvane pratyabhijJAna avisaMvAdIrUpe jANe che. "te ja A che evA jJAnane IndriyapratyakSa na gaNI zakAya kAraNa ke Indrayo kevaLa sannikRSTa ane vartamAna viSayane ja jANI zake che jyAre "te' aMza to asannikRSTa ane atIta che. tevI ja rIte, "te ja A che' evA jJAnane smaraNa paNa na gaNI zakAya kAraNa ke maraNa kevaLa atIta ane asatrikaSTane ja jANI zake che jyAre 'A' aMza to vartamAna ane sannikRSTa che. indriyapratyakSa ane smaraNa bemAMthI eka paNa te' ane 'A' baMnemAM vyApta - atIta ane vartamAna baMnemAM vyApta - ekatvane grahaNa karI zake nahi. eTale ja ekatvagrAhI pratyabhijJAne jaino svataMtra pramANa tarIke svIkAre che. 33 bauddho ekatvane - sthAyitvane asata gaNe che. tethI ekatvagrAhI pratyabhijJA temane mate nitAnta brAnta jJAna ja che. vaLI, teo pratyabhijJAne koI eka jJAna mAnatA nathI paraMtu pratyakSa ane smaraNa bene kevaLa mizraNa mAne che. jeno bauddha matanuM khaMDana kare che. naiyAyiko pratyabhijJAne indriyajanya pratyakSa ja mAne che. teo tene svataMtra pramANa tarIke svIkAratA nathI. temane mate saMskAra yA smaraNarUpa sahakArIne baLe vartamAnamAtragrAhI indriya paNa atItAvasthAviziSTa vartamAnane grahaNa karI zakatI hoI pratyabhijJAnI janaka banI zake che. jaina tArkiko taiyAyikonA A matanuM khaMDana karI pratyabhijJAnI svataMtra pramANa tarIke sthApanA kare che." naiyAyiko upamAna nAmanuM svataMtra pramANa svIkAre che. vRddhajana pAsethI jJAtaajJAta be vastuonA sArazyane vRddhavAkya dvArA jANI pachI ajJAta vastumAM jyAre te sAdezyanuM pratyakSa thAya che tyAre vRddhavAkyanuM smaraNa thAya che, pariNAme te vastu amuka padavAcya che evuM je jJAna janme che te upamiti che. Ama sAdagdhapratyakSa ane vRddhavAkyasmaraNathI janmatuM saMjJAsaMgnisaMbaMdhanuM jJAna upamiti che. jaina tArkiko naiyAyikasammata A upamAna pramANano pratyabhijJAmAM aMtarbhAva kare che, kAraNa ke jaina tArkiko pratyakSasmaraNamUlaka jeTalA saMkalanAjJAno che te badhAMno samAveza pratyabhijJAmAM kare che.* tarka - upalaMbha (pratyakSa) ane anupalaMbhathI utpanna thanAruM ane sAthe-sAdhananA avinAbhAva (vAmi) saMbaMdhane grahaNa karanAruM jJAna tarka che. TUMkamAM, vyANigrAhI jJAna tarka che. vyApti sarvopasaMhAravALI hoya che. sarva kALe ane sarva deze je koI dhUma che te agnithI ja utpanna thAya che, agninA abhAvamAM kyAMya kadI paNa dhUma hoI zakto nathI - Avo sarvopasaMhArI avinAbhAva tarka pramANano viSaya che. pratyakSa pramANa rasoDA

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 39 vageremAM aneka vAra agninA saMbaMdhane pratyakSa bhale kare paraMtu e saMbaMdhanI saikAlikatA ane sArvatrikatA pratyakSano viSaya nathI kAraNa ke pratyakSa sannikRSTa vartamAna viSayane ja jANe che ane te mukhyataH avicAraka che. anumAna pramANa vaDe paNa A vyAptinuM grahaNa saMbhavatuM nathI kAraNa ke anumAnanI khudanI utpatti vyAptinA grahaNa pachI thAya che. eka anumAnanI vyApti jo bIjA anumAnathI gRhIta thAya che ema mAnIe to A bIjA anumAnanI vyAptine grahaNa karavA trIjA anumAnanI ane trIjA anumAnanI vyAptine grahaNa karavA cothA anumAnanI jarUra paDaze ane ema anavasthAdoSa Avaze. eTale ja vANigrAhI pramANa tarIke tarkane mAnavo jarUrI che. bauddha tArkiko nirvilpa pratyakSa pachI utpanna thanAra savikalpa pratyakSane ja vyAtigrAhI gaNe che. jaina tArkiko A bauddha matano pratiSedha kare che ane kahe che ke savikalpa jJAna pote ja bauddha mate apramANa che to pachI enA dvArA gRhIta vyAptimAM vizvAsa kevI rIte karAya? naiyAyiko tarkane na to pramANa mAne che ke na to apramANa. temane mate tarka to pramANano anugrAhaka che. naiyAyikonA A matanuM khaMDana jaina tArkiko ema kahIne kare che ke je pote pramANa na hoya te bIjA pramANono anugraha kevI rIte karI zake? jaina tArkiko anusAra tarka pote avisaMvAdI che tema ja avisaMvAdI anumAnano janaka paNa che, tethI te pramANa che, svataMtra pramANa che. saMpUrNarUpe sAdhya ane sAdhananA sarvopasaMhArI vyAptisaMbaMdhane grahaNa karanAra takane svataMtra pramANa tarIke svIkAravo joIe. jyAM jyAM sAdhananuM pratyakSa thAya che tyAM tyAM sAdhyanuM paNa pratyakSa thAya che ane jyAM jyAM sAdhyAbhAvanuM anupalaMbhathI grahaNa thAya che tyAM tyAM sAdhanAbhAvanuM paNa anupalaMbhathI grahaNa thAya che- A upalabha-anupalaMbhathI tarka utpanna thAya che. vyANigrAhI A tarkarUpa jJAna avisaMvAdI hovAthI svataMtra pramANa che, ema jaina tArkiko mAne che. anumAna - bhagavatIsUtra ane anuyogadvArasUtramAM cAra pramANomAM anumAna pramANano ullekha che. anuyoMgadvArasUtra traNa prakAranA anumAno gaNAve che - pUrvavata, zeSavata ane dasAdharyuvata; pachI darekane udAharaNa ApI samajAve che. vaLI, te, anumAnanA viSayanI kAlika sthitine AdhAre paNa anumAnanA traNa bheda kare cheatItagrAhI, vartamAnagrAhI ane anAgatagrAhI." sthAnAMgasUtramAM cAra prakAranA hetu jaNAvyA che - vidhyAtmaka sAdhyavALo vidhyAtmaka hetu, niSedhAtmaka sAdhyavALo vidhyAtmaka hetu, vidhyAtmaka sAdhyavALo niSedhAtmaka hetu ane niSedhAtmaka sAdhyavALo niSedhAtmaka hetu." anumAnanA avayavo aMge dazavaikAlikaniryuktimAM be, traNa, pAMca ane dasa avayavonA cAra vikalpo svIkAryA che. tyAM dasa avayavonI be judI yAdIo che. Ama AgamomAM anumAna vize khAsa vicAraNA nathI.

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40 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna " bauddha tArkiko ane naiyAyikoe anumAna aMge puSya vacAraNA karIne anumAna siddhAntanI sthApanA karI lIdhA pachI jaina tArkikoe maMca para praveza karyo che ane siddhasena divAkaranA nyAyAvatAramAM sauprathama anumAnanI vyavasthita vicAraNA thaI che, ane akalaMkanA graMthomAM jaina anumAnasiddhAnta purNa ane puSTa banyo che. pratyakSa ke zabda (Agama) dvArA jJAta sAdhana (hetu, liMga) uparathI ajJAta sAdhya (liMgI)nuM jJAna anumAna che. ApaNe dhumADo dUra parvata upara dekhIe chIe. te uparathI ApaNe anumAna karIe chIe ke parvata upara agni che. ahIM dhumADo e agninuM jJAna karAvanAra jJApaka sAdhana che. dhumADA uparathI agninuM astitva puravAra karavAmAM Ave che. tethI agnine sAdhya kahevAya. jo be vastuo vacce vyApya-vyApakabhAvasaMbaMdha hoya to ja vyApya vastu vyApaka vastunuM jJAna karAve che. sAdhana haMmezA vyApya hoya che ane sAdhya haMmezA vyApaka hoya che. A saMbaMdhane vyApti kahevAmAM Ave che. je sthAnamAM sAdhyane puravAra karavAmAM Ave che tene pakSa kahevAmAM Ave che. sAdhyane jyAM puravAra karavuM hoya tyAM ja tenA sAdhananuM jJAna te pakSadharmatAjJAna kahevAya che. anumAna mATe vyAptijJAna ane pakSadharmatAjJAna jarUrI che. te sivAya anumAna karI zakAya nahi. sapakSa e pakSa sivAyanI evI vastu che jyAM sAdhyanuM astitva jJAta che. vipakSa e pakSasivAyanI evI vastu che jyAM sAdhyano abhAva jJAta che. vyApti eTale vyApya hotAM vyApakanuM hovuM ja, athavA vyApaka hatAM jyAM vyApaka hoya tyAM ja vyApyanuM hovuM. sAdhananuM sAdhyane vinA niyamathI na hovuM te sAdhanano sAdhya sAthe avinAbhAvasaMbaMdha che. A avinAbhAvasaMbaMdha ja vyApti che. jaina mate vyAptinuM grahaNa tarkathI thAya che. evA keTalA saMbaMdho che ke jemanA saMbaMdhIo vacce vyAptisaMbaMdha oya? bauddho kahe che ke kAryakAraNabhAva ane svabhAvasaMbaMdha A be ja evA saMbaMdha che ke jemanA saMbaMdhIo vacce vyAptisaMbaMdha hoya che. temane mate tadutpatti ane tAdAbhya A be * saMbaMdho ja vyAptinA niyAmaka che. bIjA zabdomAM, jeTalI vyAptio che te badhI A be saMbaMdhomAM ja paryavasAna pAme che. dhUma ane agni vacce vyAptisaMbaMdha che kAraNa ke te be vacce kAryakAraNabhAva che. vRkSatva ane AmRtva vacce vyAptisaMbaMdha che kAraNa ke te be vacce * svabhAvasaMbaMdha che - tAdAbhyasaMbaMdha che. jaina tArkikane mate vyAptine tAdAbhya ane taMdutpattimAM sImita karavA karatAM eTaluM ja kahevuM paryApta che ke sAdhya-sAdhana vacce avinAbhAvasaMbaMdha che. jo vyAptine tAdAbhya ane tadutpattimAM sImita karavAmAM Ave to kAryakSetu ane svabhAvahetu e be ja prakAranA hetu saMbhave; paraMtu vicAra karatAM spaSTa jaNAya che ke kArya hetu ane svabhAvahetuthI atirikta paNa aneka hetuo che. kRttikodaya uparathI atIta

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna 41 bharaNyadayanuM anumAna tathA bhaviSyata zakyodayanuM anumAna thAya che. paNa emanI vacce tAdAbhya ke tadutpatti saMbaMdha nathI. noMdhavuM joIe ke jaina tArkiko tAdAmya ke tadutpati e be saMbaMdhothI atirikta evA je saMbaMdhomAM avinAbhAva dekhe che te saMbaMdhonA mULamAM kharekhara kAryakAraNabhAva (tadutpattisaMbaMdho rahelo che e hakIkata sUkSma vizleSaNathI pragaTa thaze.49 anumAnanA prakAra - bauddha tArkiko ane naiyAyikonI jema jaina tArkiko paNa . anumAnanA svArthanumAna ane parArthanumAna evA be prakAro svIkAre che. svaprayojanaparaprayojananA AdhAre A be prakAro thAya che. svArthanumAna eTale potAne mATe anumAna'. svArthAnumAna svapratipatti mATe che. te kevaLa potAnA bodha yA nizcayanuM kAraNa che. parArthAnumAna eTale 'bIjAne mATe anumAna', parapratipatti mATe prayojAtuM anumAna. hetulakSaNa - bauddha tArkika hetunAM traNa lakSaNo mAne che- pakSadharmatva, sapakSasa ane vipakSavyAvRtti. naiyAyiko A traNa uparAMta bIjAM be lakSaNo - abAdhitaviSayatva ane asatpatipakSatva - mAnI kula pAMca lakSaNo mAne che. jaina tArkiko bauddha tArkiko ane naiyAyikonA A matonuM khaMDana karI detunuM eka ja lakSaNa svIkAre che ane te che - avinAbhAva yA anyathAnupapatti.51 hetuprakAra - alaMkadeve sAmAnyata: hetunA upalabdhi ane anupalabdhi e be bheda karI upalabdhinA svabhAva, kArya, kAraNa, pUrvacara, uttaracara ane sahacara e che peTabhedo karyA che. AcArya hemacaMdra hetunA kula pAMca prakAro svIkAre che - svabhAva, kAraNa, kArya, ekAryasamavAyI ane virodhI para hetvAbhAsa - saddhatu na hovA chatAM je hetu saddhatu jevo dekhAya te hetvAbhAsa che. naiyAyika hetunA pAMca lakSaNo mAne che, eTale temanA mate ekaeka lakSaNanA abhAvamAM asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika, kAlAtyayApadiSTa ane prakaraNasama e pAMca hetvAbhAsa bane che. jeno hetunuM kevaLa eka ja lakSaNa - anyathAnupapatti mAne che, eTale vastutaH temanA matamAM anyathAnupapattinA abhAvamAM hetvAbhAsano paNa sAmAnyata: eka ja prakAra thAya che ane te che asiddha. paraMtu anyathAnupapattino abhAva aneka rIte thAya che eTale tenA AdhAre jaino moTe bhAge traNa ja hetvAbhAsa svIkAre che - asiddha, viruddha ane anaikAntika. paraMtu akalaMka ane temanA anugAmI digaMbara jaina tArkikoe A traNa uparAMta akiMcikara nAmano eka cotho hetvAbhAsa svIkAryo che. - avayavo - niyAyiko nyAyavAkya(anumAna)nA pAMca avayavo svIkAre che - pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa (vyAptisahita), upanaya ane nigamana. mImAMsako upanaya ane

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna nigamanane anukrame hetu ane pratijJAnI punaruktimAtra gaNI pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa e traNa avayavone svIkAre che. bauddha tArkika vadhumAM vadhu hetu ane udAharaNa(vyAptisahita) be avayavo ane ochAmAM ocho kevaLa eka avayava hetu svIkAre che. jaino ochAmAM ochA be avayavo pratijJA ane hetuno svIkAra kare che paraMtu zrotAnI yogyatAnI apekSAe traNa, cAra ke pAMca avayavono paNa svIkAra kare che. noMdhapAtra vAta e che ke daSTAntanA kathanane jaina tArkikoe anumAnanuM aMga gaNyuM nathI (kavaLa vyApikathana ja anumAnanuM aMga che). alabatta, teo zrotAne samajAvavA mATe dAntanI upayogitAno svIkAra kare che. 54 upasaMhAra Ama jaina ciMtakoe AdhyAtmika cAra sopAnomAMnA eka sopAna mananane matijJAnamAM parivartita karI matijJAnamAM IndriyapratyakSa, smRti,pratyabhijJA, tarka ane anumAnano samAveza karavAno AdhAra paNa mananamAMthI meLavI lIdho ane pachI te darekane svataMtra pramANa tarIke sthApI jaina pramANazAstra UbhuM karI dIdhuM. zravaNane zrutajJAnamAM parivartita karI tene paNa svataMtra pramANa tarIke sthApI jaina pramANazAstrane pUrNa karyuM. jeno jene mukhya pratyakSa gaNe che te avadhijJAna, mana:paryAyajJAna ane kevaLajJAna atIndriya pratyakSo (extrasensory perceptions) che ane tethI vastutaH pramANazAsa arthAta laoNjIkanA kSetramAM te paDatA nathI. te pramANazAsano viSaya nathI. te to parAcittazAstra (Parapsychology)nA kSetramAM paDe che, teno viSaya che. je che TippaNa 1. matijJAnaM nAma yadindriyAnindriyanimittaM vartamAnakAlaviSayaparicchedi / tattvArthAdhigamaTIkA, 1.13 vijJAna" atItavakvAnaqna... ejana, 1.13 saMjJAjJAnaM nAma yat tairevendriyairanubhUtamartha prAk punarvilokya sa evAyaM yamahamadrAkSaM pUrvAha phari ejana, 1.13 jinAjJAnamAminI vastunaH ... ejana, 1.13 mahendrakumAra jainanI temaNe saMpAdila karela nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa (bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1944) bhAga bIjAnI hiMdI prastAvanA, pR.11 tato dhAraNA pramANaM smRtiH phalam / tato'pi smRtiH pramANaM pratyabhijJAnaM phalam / tato'pi pratyabhijJA pramANam UhaH phalam / tato'pi UhaH pramANam anumAnaM phlmiti| pramANamImAMsA-svopajJavRtti, 1.1.39 ?

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jainadarzanamAM matijJAna ahIM cittA mATe 'Uha'zabdano prayoga thayo che. ane Uha e ja tarka che. abhinibodha mATe 'anumAna'zabdano prayoga thayo che. ane anumAna e ja abhinibodha che. kiM tu matijJAnAvaraNa kSayopazamanimittopayogaM nAtivartanta iti ayamantrArtho vivakSitaH / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.13 tattvArthasUtra, 1.13 (52nuM paM. susAsanuM viveyana tadetat matijJAnaM dvividhaM bhavati indriyanimittam anindriyanimittaM ca / tattvArthabhASya, 7. 8. 8. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 18. 20. 21. 22. 23. - 1.14 evaM caitad draSTavyam - indriyanimittamekam, aparamanindriyanimittam, anyadindriyAnindriyanimittamiti tridhA / tattvArthaTIkA, 1.14 tatraikamindriyanimittameva jJAnaM matyAkhyam, yathA'vanivAridahanapavanavanaspatInAmekendriyANAM dvitricaturindriyANAmasaMjJinAM ca paJcendriyANAm manaso'bhAvAt / jena, 1.14 anindriyanimittaM smRtijJAnam / zrena, 1.14 indriyAnindriyanimittaM jAgradavasthAyAM sparzanena manasopayuktaH spRzati uSNamidaM zItaM neti, indriyaM manazcobhayaM tasyotpattau nimittaM bhavatIti / bhena, 1.14 viSayaviSayisannipAtasamanantaramAdyaM grahaNamavagrahaH / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.15 juo tattvArthasUtra 1.15 upara paMDita sukhalAlajInuM vivecana. avagRhIte'rthe tadvizeSAkAGkSaNamihA / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.15 43 dugo vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 183-184; Studies in Jaina Philosophy, p.41, Akalanka's Criticism of Dharmakirti's Philosophy, p. 28 vizeSanirjJAt yAthAtmyAvagamanamavAyaH / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.15 tayaNantaraM tayatthAviccavaNaM jo ya vAsaNAjogo / kAlAntare ya jaM puNaranusaraNaM dhAraNA sA // vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 291 juo tattvArthasUtra 1.15 upara paMDita sukhalAlajInuM vivecana Jaina Philosophy and Religion, Nagin J. Shah (Tr.), Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1998, pp. 180-181 tattvArthasUtra, 1.16 vyaJjanasyAvagrahaH / seThana, 1.18 refter 1 2184, 1.10 cakSurAdiviSayo'rthaH / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.17, dukha paMDita susAsanuM vivezana sUtra 1.17 bhane 1.18 uparanuM. avisaMvAdakaM pramANam ... / akalaGkagranthatraya ( = akatraya), pR.4 samyagarthanirNayaH pramANam / pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.2

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44 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna 24. avisaMvAdakatvaM nirNayAyattam / akatraya, pR.20 25. iMdiyamaNobhavaM jaM taM saMvavahArapaccakkhaM / vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 95 26. Akalanka's Criticism of Dharmakirti's Philosophy, pp. 218-226 27. vAsanododhahetukA ... smRtiH / pramANamImAMsA, 1.2.3 sA ca pramANam avisaMvAditvAt / bhena, svopazavRtti, 1.2.3 28. ...tadityAkArA smRtiH / 4,1.2.3 30. kiJca, smRteraprAmANye'numAnAya datto jalAJjaliH, tayA vyAleraviSayIkaraNe tadutthAnAyogAt; liGgagrahaNa-sambandhasmaraNapUrvakamanumAnamiti hi sarvavAdisiddham / tatazca smRtiH pramANam, anumAnaprAmANyAnyathAnupapatteriti siddham / mehana, svopazavRtti, 1.2.3 1. tathA cArthAjanyatvAnna prAmANyamasyA iti cet, tat kiM pramANAntare'pyarthajanya tvamavisaMvAdaheturiti vipralabdho'si ?... yogijJAnasyAtItAnAgatArthagocarasya tadajanya syApi prAmANyaM prati vipratipatterabhAvAt / 4na, svopazavRtti, 1.2.3 32. darzanasmaraNasambhavaM tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvilakSaNaM tatpratiyogItyAdisaGkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam / rozana, 1.2.3 33-36. na, svopazAvRtti, 1.2.4 u7. upalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyAptijJAnam UhaH / 4na, 1.2.5 38-41. mena, svopazavRtti, 1.2.5 42. bhagavatIsUtra, 5.3.191-192 43. anuyogadvAra sUtra, 144 44. mena, 144 45. ahavA heU cauvvihe pannatte taM jahA-atthitaM asthi so heU, asthittaM Natthi so heU, NatthittaM asthi so heU, NatthittaM Natthi so heU / sthAnAMgasUtra 46. zavailiniyujita, 84-89, 137, 48 sAdhanAt sAdhyavijJAnam anumAnam / pramANamImAMsA, 1.2.7 48. vyAptiApakasya vyApye sati bhAva evaM vyApyasya vA tatraiva bhAvaH / 4na, 1.2.6 re. Akalarka's Criticism of Dharmakirti's Philosophy, pp. 255-259 50. tad dvidhA svArtha parArthaM ca / pramANamImAMsA, 1.2.8 51. Akalanka's Criticism of Dhammakirti's Philosophy, pp. 267-270 52. ejana pR. 273-276 53. mena, pR. 270-273 54. 4na, . 281-283 47.

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trIjuM vyAkhyAna kevaLajJAna * kevaLajJAnanA svarUpanI sthira thayelI jaina mAnyatA ekatvavitarkavicAra nAmanA bIjA zukladhyAnanA baLe mohanIya karmano saMpUrNa kSaya thatAM antarmuhUrta bAda sAdhaka vItarAgI bane che, pachI tarata ja jJAnAvaraNIya karmano saMpUrNa kSaya thAya che ane pariNAme kevaLajJAnano AvirbhAva thAya che. kevaLajJAna aparokSa arthAta pratyakSa jJAna che kAraNa ke te indriya ane mananA mAdhyamathI jANatuM nathI paNa sAkSAta jANe che. AtmA indriya ane mananI sahAya vinA sAkSAta jANe che. tethI kevaLajJAnamAM avagraha, ihA, avAya ane dhAraNA e kramika avasthAone sthAna nathI. te badhAM dravyone ane emanA badhA paryAyone jANe che. te badhA dravyonI badhI vyaktione ane temanI trikAlavartI saghaLI avasthAone jANe che. badhA dravyonI badhI vyaktio anaMta che ane te darekanI avasthAo paNa anaMta che. anaMta zeyonuM kramazaH prahaNa to thaI zake nahi. eTale kevaLajJAna anaMta zeyone yugapata jANe che. jene kevaLajJAna prApta thayuM hoya te AtmAnA badhA pradezo sarvAkSaguNothI samRddha banI jAya che. arthAta, eka eka indriya eka eka guNane jANe che, jema ke AMkha rUpane ja, nAka gaMdhane ja vagere, jyAre kevaLajJAnI AtmAno pratyeka pradeza badhA ja rUpa Adi viSayone jANe che. Ama kevaLajJAna sarvajJatva che. sarvajJatvanI siddhi mATenI mukhya dalIlo kevaLajJAnano sarvajJatva sAthe abheda karyA pachI jaina tArkiko sarvajJatvanI siddhi mATe nIce pramANe mukhya dalIlo kare cheH (1) je vastu sAtizaya hoya che arthAta taratamabhAvApanna hoya che te vadhatI vadhatI kyAMka ne kyAMka pUrNatAne prApta kare che, jema ke parimANa. parimANa nAnuM paNa che ane taratamabhAvathI moTuM paNa che. tethI te AkAzamAM pUrNatAne prApta karatuM jaNAya che. e ja dazA jJAnanI paNa che. jJAna kyAMka alpa che to kyAMka adhika che - A rIte taratamabhAvavALuM dekhAya che. tethI te kyAMka ne kyAMka saMpUrNa paNa hovuM joIe. jemAM te pUrNakalAprApta thaze te ja sarvajJa hemacandrAcArye pramANamImAMsAmAM A yukti ApI che. (2) je anumeya hoya te koIkane to pratyakSa hoya ja. sUkSma, antarita ane dUravartI - kAlika ane daizika dRSTie - padArtho koIkane pratyakSa hoya ja kAraNa ke te padArtho anumeya che. (3) sUryagrahaNa AdinA jyotirtAnanA upadezanI yathArthatA ane avisaMvAditA sarvajJatva siddha kare che. (4) sarvajJa che kAraNa ke bAdhaka

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46 jainadarzanamAM sadarzana matijJAna kevaLazAna pramANonI asaMbhavitatAno nizcaya che. sarvajJanuM bAdhaka pramANa pratyakSa nathI. pratyakSanA AdhAre je vyakti kahe ke koI deza ke koI kALe koI sarvajJa nathI te vyakti pote ja sarvajJa banI jaze. pratyakSanA baLe badhA deza ane badhA kALanA badhA puruSonuM jJAna sarvajJa vinA bIjA koIne kevI rIte hoI zake? sarvajJanuM bAdhaka anumAna paNa nathI. keTalAka sarvajJanA bAdhaka anumAna tarIke nIcenuM anumAna Ape che - ahiMnta sarvajJa nathI kAraNa ke te vaktA che ane puruSa che, raste janAra sAmAnya mANasanI jema. A anumAna sarvajJanuM bAdhaka nathI kAraNa ke sarvajJatva ane vastRtvano koI virodha nathI. ekanI eka vyakti vaktA paNa hoI zake che ane sarvajJa paNa hoI zake che. jo jJAnanI vRddhi sAthe vacanono hrAsa dekhAto hota to jJAnanI utkRSTatAmAM vacanono atyanta brAsa thAta. paraMtu hakIktamAM to jJAnanI vRddhi sAthe vacananI paNa prakarSatA dekhAya che. sarvajJatvano puruSa sAthe paNa koI virodha nathI. paraMtu sarvajJatvano rAga sAthe virodha che. tethI je puruSamAM rAga hoya tyAM sarvajJatva na hoya. sarvajJatvano vItarAgatA sAthe avinAbhAva saMbaMdha che. eTale je puruSa vItarAga hoya te sarvajJa hoya ja. Ama prastuta anumAna sarvajJanuM samarthana kare che. (pa) Aja prAyaH badhA puruSa rAgI dekhAya che, koI vItarAgI dekhAto nathI, to atIta yA bhaviSyamAM koI pUrNa vItarAgInI saMbhAvanA kevI rIte hoI zake? ane vItarAgI na saMbhavato hoya to sarvajJa kyAMthI saMbhave? Ano uttara e che ke AtmA anaMtajJAnasvarUpa che. rAgAdi AtmAnuM svarUpa nathI. tethI yogasAdhanA ane maitrI Adi bhAvanAthI temano uccheda zakya che ane pariNAme AtmAnA anaMtajJAnanuM pUrNa prAkaTya zakya che. tethI sarvajJa saMbhave che.' sarvajJatvanI siddhi mATe ApelI dalIlonuM bodApaNuM sarvajJatva siddha karavA ApelI A dalIlo sAva bodI che: (1) jIvamAM jJAnanI taratamatA jaNAya che mATe jIvamAM jJAna paramotkRSTa koTie pahoce che ema kahyuM che. jIvamAM ' jJAnanI taratamatA uparathI jIvamAM jJAna paramotkRSTa koTie pahoce che ema jaino siddha karavA mAMge che. eTale jyAM guNanI taratamatA hoya tyAM ja te guNa paramotkRSTa koTie pahoMce che e darzAvavuM joIe. paNa e darzAvavA parimANanuM je dRSTAMta ApyuM che te pote paNa viparIta siddha kare che. je dravya ke je jAtinA padArthamAM parimANano taratamabhAva ApaNane jaNAya che te dravya ke te jAtino padArtha kadI paNa paramahatparimANane pAmato ja nathI. AMbaLAmAM taratama parimANa che paNa koI paNa AMbaLuM paramamahatparimANa pAmatuM nathI. paulika padArthamAM taratama parimANa hoya che paNa koI paNa paudgalika padArtha paramamahatparimANa koI kALe pAmato ja nathI. jaina mate AtmA saMkocavikAsazIla

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kevaLajJAna hoI tenAmAM paNa taratama parimANa che paNa koI AtmA paramamahatparimANa pAmato nathI. kevaLa AkAzamAM paramamahatparimANa che paraMtu tyAM AkAzamAM pUrve kadI paNa parimANamAM taratamabhAva hato ja nahi, AkAzanuM paramamahatparimANa to anAdi che. Ama jyAM parimANano taratamabhAva che tyAM te parimANa kadI paramamahatparimANa banatuM ja nathI. tethI AtmAmAM jJAnano taratamabhAva che eTale jJAna AtmAmAM potAnI paramotkRSTa koTi pAmI zake ja nahi, evuM phalita thAya. Ama AtmAmAM sarvajJatvanI siddhi karavA ApeluM anumAna viparIta siddha karatuM jaNAya che. bIjuM, jJAna alpaviSayagrAhI, bahuviSayagrAhI jaNAya che mATe te sarvaviSayagrAhI paNa saMbhave che ane sarvaviSayagrAhI jJAna ja anaMtajJAna che ema jaino mAne to jaino upara e svIkAravAnI Apatti Ave ke alpaviSayasukha, bahuviSayasukha jaNAya che mATe sarvaviSayasukha saMbhave che ja ane sarvaviSayasukha ja anaMtasukha che. paraMtu jaino evuM to mAnatA nathI. UlaTuM, temanA mate nirviSayasukha ja anaMtasukha che. A badhuM darzAve che ke sarvajJatva siddha karavA ApelI prathama dalIla grAhya nathI. (2) je anumeya hoya te pratyakSa hovuM ja joIe e svIkArIe to pachI je anumeya hoya te koIkane to pratyakSa hovuM ja joIe e vAta kadAca svIkArAya. paraMtu je anumeya hoya te pratyakSa hovuM ja joIe e ja svIkArya nathI. paramANune ApaNe dekhI zaktA nathI paNa tenuM anumAna ApaNe karI zakIe chIe, tarkathI tenI sthApanA thaI zake che, e to sarvane svIkArya che. eTale bIjI dalIla paNa sarvajJatva siddha karavA samartha nathI. (3) bhaviSyamAM kyAre caMdragrahaNa ke sUryagrahaNa thaze eno upadeza sarvajJatva siddha karI zake nahi kAraNa ke e to zuddha gANitika gaNatarIne AdhAre asarvajJa paNa kahI zake. amadAvAdathI muMbaInuM aMtara khabara hoya ane gADInI gatinuM jJAna hoya to amadAvAdathI atyAre upaDelI gADI kyAre muMbaI pahoMcaze e koI paNa vyakti gaNatarI karI kahI zake. tevI ja rIte, jene caMdra, sUrya, pRthvInI gati vagerenuM jJAna hoya te khagoLazAstrI sahelAIthI gaNatarI mAMDI kahI zake ke bhaviSyamAM kyAre caMdragrahaNa, sUryagrahaNa ke khagoLIya ghaTanA ghaTaze. eTale A dalIla paNa sarvajJatva siddha karI zakatI nathI. (4) badhA jIvo asarvajJa che A vyAptinuM grahaNa karavA mATe taikAlika ane sarvadezastha badhA jIvonuM ane temanI asarvajJatAnuM pratyakSa grahaNa karavuM jarUrI nathI. jaino dhUma ane agni vaccenI vyAptinA grahaNa mATe saikAlika ane sarvadezI sarva dhUmo ane sarva agnionA pratyakSane jarUrI mAnatA nathI. sarva sata vastu utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayukta che e vyApti jaino svIkAre che. zuM A vyAptinA grahaNa mATe saikAlika ane sarvadezastha sat vastuo ane temanI utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayuktatAnuM pratyakSa jaino jarUrI mAne che? nA. jaina mate vyAptigrahaNa pratyakSathI nahi paNa tarkathI thAya che. eTale sarvajJanI siddhi mATe ApelI cothI dalIla paNa grAhya nathI. (pa) rAga

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna Agantuka maLa hoI teno uccheda sarvasvIkRta che. paraMtu e u52thI eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke vItarAgInuM jJAna rAgarahita taddana zuddha hoya che, ane nahi ke sarvaviSayane jANanAruM. vItarAga hoya te sarvajJa hoya ja ema kahI zakAya nahi. pAtaMjala yogadarzana vItarAgamAM sarvajJatva anivArya mAnatuM nathI. 'kevaLajJAna' zabdano artha 48 'kevaLajJAna' zabdagata 'kevaLa' padano eka artha 'vizuddha' thAya che. eTale 'kevaLajJAna' zabdano artha vizuddha jJAna eTalo ja thAya. vizuddha jJAna eTale 2AgamaLathI akliSTajJAna. kevaLajJAna vItarAganuM jJAna che e hakIkata sAthe Ano barAbara meLa khAya che, ane yogadarzanamAM pataMjalie je akliSTa cittavRttionI (jJAnonI) vAta karI che te akliSTa cittavRtti ane kevaLajJAna baMne eka ja paristhitine sUcave che. akliSTa cittavRtti ane kevaLajJAna baMne eka ja che ema kahevAmAM kaMI khoTuM nathI. ahIM bAhya viSayonA jJAnono pratiSedha nathI paraMtu te jJAno viSayo pratyenA rAgathI, koI paNa prakAranA rAgathI sarvathA mukta che. sAmAnya jano rAgayukta hoI jyAre paNa temane koI paNa viSayanuM jJAna thAya che tyAre te jJAnanI sAthe ja rAga-dveSano bhAva avazya UThe che. ethI UlaTuM, vItarAgInI bAbatamAM tene jyAre koI paNa viSayanuM jJAna thAya che tyAre te viSaya pratye rAga-dveSano koI bhAva UThato nathI. Ama vItarAgInuM jJAna rAgarahita vizuddha che. ane te kevaLajJAna che. keTalAka ciMtakone lAgyuM ke vizuddha jJAnanuM rAgarahita hovuM ja pUratuM nathI paraMtu tenuM viSayAkArazUnya hovuM paNa jarUrI che. eTale temane mate kevaLajJAnano artha che rAgarahita tema ja sAthe sAthe viSayAkArarahita taddana vizuddha jJAna. Ama kevaLajJAna e vijJAnavAdI bauddhonA grAhyagrAhakAkAravinirmukta vizuddha vijJAna jevuM thaze. te rAgamukta to che ja paNa koI paNa viSayakA2thI paNa mukta che. A ja vastune zrImad rAjacaMdra ane bIjA keTalAka jaina ciMtakoe bIjA zabdomAM rajU karI. kevaLa AtmAnuM jJAna te ja kevaLajJAna.13 AcArya kuMdakuMde niyamasAranA zuddhopayogAdhikAramAM (gAthA 158) lakhyuM che ke '"kevalI bhagavAna samasta padArthone jANe che" A kathana vyavahAranayathI che paraMtu nizcayanayathI te potAnA AtmasvarUpane jANe che. A uparathI phalita thAya che ke kevalInI 525dArthajJatA vyAvahArika che, naiRRyika nathI, pAramArthika nathI. A saMdarbhamAM e vAta dhyAnamAM rAkhavI jarUrI che ke kuMdakuMda vyavahAranayane abhUtArtha (khoTo) ane nizcayanayane bhUtArtha(sAco) gaNe che." pariNAme sarvajJatAnuM paryavasAna AtmajJatAmAM ja thaI jAya che. ane Ama, upaniSadanA '"JAtmano( = hAsya) vijJAnena sarva viti mati'' e vAkyanA AzayanI taddana najIka kuMdakuMdano vicAra pahoMcI jAya che. upaniSadanuM

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2 3 kevaLajJAna 49 A sarvajJatva e bIjuM kaMI nahi paNa kevaLa AtmajJatva ja che. "AtmA ja sarva kaMI che, sarvanA sArabhUta che, ene jANye sarva jANyuM, jeNe AtmA jANyo tene bIjuM jANavAnuM kaMI prayojana nathI," e bhAva che. eTale, kharekhara kevaLajJAna e sarvajJatva nathI. sarvajJatvano tenA upara Aropa karavAmAM Avyo che. 'kevaLajJAna' zabda pote sarvajJatvano artha Apato nathI. kevaLajJAna upara sarvajJatvano Aropa zA mATe ? te kALe sarvajJatvanI pratiSThA aneka dharmasaMpradAyomAM, dArzanika vicAradhArAomAM ane sAmAnya janomAM jAmI gaI hovI joIe. eTale mULe sarvajJatva na svIkAranArAone paNa te prabhAva taLe sarvajJatvane svIkAravAnI pharaja paDI hoya e svAbhAvika che. bhinna bhinna dharma-darzanaparaMparAomAM sarvajJatvanI vibhAvanA vize vicArIe. bauddha paraMparAmAM sauprathama buddhano dAvo kevaLa traNa vidyAono ja che. A traNa vidyAo che - (1) pUrvajanmonI ghaTanAone barAbara jANavAnI vidyA, (2) divya cakSuthI prANIone utpanna thatAM, maratAM ane svargalokamAM jatAM dekhavAnI vidyA ane (3) AsravonA (doSonA) kSayathI cittanI vimuktino ane prajJAnI vimuktino sAkSAtkAra.15 ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke ahIM bhaviSyaviSayaka jJAnano koI ja nirdeza nathI. buddha pote sarvajJa hovAno dAvo karatA nathI. UlaTuM, sarvajJatAne te azakya samajatA hoya ema lAge che.16 A pachI uparanI traNa vidyAomAM bIjI sAta vidyAo umerI kula dasa vidyAonA dhAraka buddhane mAnavAmAM AvyA. A dasa vidyAone dasabala kahevAmAM Ave che. umeravAmAM AvelI sAta vidyAo A che - (1) ucitane ucita tarIke ane anucitane anucita tarIke jANanAruM jJAnabala. (2) karmonAM phaLone jANanAruM jJAnabala. (3) sAdhanAmArgo kaI tarapha laI jAya che e jANanAruM jJAnabala. (4) lokanA vividha ane aneka ghaTaka tattvone jANanAruM jJAnabala. (5) jIvonA abhiprAyone jANanAruM jJAnabala. (6) jIvonI zaktio maMda che ke tIvra, vagere jANanAruM jJAnabala. (7) dhyAna, vimukti, samAdhi ane samApatti A cAranI zuddhi, azuddhi ane vRddhine jANanAruM jJAnabala. A dasabalanI sUci uparathI phalita thAya che ke haju paNa buddha sarvajJa hovAnI mAnyatA UbhI thaI nathI.17 paNa pachI thoDA ja samayamAM buddha sarvajJa hovAnuM svIkArAyuM lAge che. majhimanikAyanA karNAtthalasuttamAM buddhanA mukhamAM nIcenAM be vidhAno mUkavAmAM AvyAM che. (1) nasthi so samaNo vA brAhmaNo vA yo sakideva sabbaM assati sabbaM dakkhiti.... na taM ThANaM vinnati / ("evo koI zramaNa ke brAhmaNa nathI je yugapat sarvane jANato hoya, dekhato hoya; e asaMbhava che.") (2) yete vamA Msu.. samaLo motano mAha masthi so ...

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50 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna samaNo vA brAhmaNo vA yo sabbaJjU sabbadassAvI aparisesaM jANaM dassanaM paTijAnissati, na taM ThAnaM vijjatI ti na me te vuttavAdino abbhAcikkhanti ca pana maM te asatA amUti 5 (" "evo koI zramaNa ke brAhmaNa nathI je sarvajJa ane sarvadarzI hoya ane anaMta jJAna ane darzana dharAvato hoya, kAraNa ke e asaMbhava che ema zramaNa gautame kahyuM che' - AvuM je mArA vize kahe che te sAcuM kaheto nathI ane je asatya ane khoTuM che teno mArA upara Aropa karI mane lAMchana lagADe che.") A be vidhAno uparathI e spaSTa thAya che ke yugapat sarvanA jJAnano ane yugapata sarvanA darzanano buddha svIkAra karatA nathI chatAM koI bIjA arthamAM sarvanuM jJAna ane sarvanuM darzana svIkAre che. cokkasa kayA arthamAM sarvanuM jJAna ane sarvanuM darzana buddha svIkAre che, e A be vidhAno uparathI tAravavuM kaThina nathI. be vidhAnone najara samakSa rAkhIe to ApaNe joI zakIzuM ke sarvanuM jJAna ane sarvanuM darzana svIkAravA have be ja vikalpo bAkI rahe che : (1) kramathI sarvanuM jJAna karavuM ane kramathI sarvanuM darzana karavuM te. (2) je kaMI jANavuM jovuM hoya tene yogya dhyAna karI jANavuM jovuM te. prathama vikalpa asvIkArya che kAraNa ke joyo anaMta hoI sarva jJayone kramathI jANI zakAya nahi. tethI svAbhAvikapaNe phalita thAya che ke buddha sarvajJatva ane sarvadarzitvano e arthamAM svIkAra kare che ke je vastune jANavI jovI hoya tene upayukta dhyAna lagAvI jANavI jovI te. Ano artha e ke AdhyAtmika sAdhanAthI A arthamAM sarvane jANavAnI ane jovAnI zakti (labdhi, siddhi) sAdhaka prApta kare che. paraMtu te kadI sarvane yugapata jANato dekhAto nathI. te te ja vastune jANe che dekhe che jene te te samaye jANavA dekhavA mAgato hoya, ane te paNa yogya dhyAna lagAvyA pachI ja te te vastune jANe che dekhe che. A arthaghaTananuM samarthana uttarakAlIna bauddha graMthomAM paNa maLe che. "milindapraznamAM nAgasena kahe cheH mavA saLaMbU, na ja manAvato satataM mitaM gavi patrupati, mAvajjanapaTibaddha kAvato saLaMgubApa, mAvaMA vati nAnAtitiA (saMpAdaka vADekara, muMbaI, 1940, pR.105). ahIM spaSTa zabdomAM kahyuM che ke bhagavAna buddha sarvajJa che, paraMtu te badhI ja vastuone satata jANatA nathI paNa jene jANavA Icche tene dhyAna dharI jANe che. potAnA "tattvasaMgraha' graMthamAM zAntarakSita lakhe cheH yad yadicchati boddhaM vA tat tadvetti niyogataH / revaMvitha hAsya pradIpAvara dAsa II zloka 3626 (buddhane je je vastune jANavAnI icchA thAya che te te vastune te avazya jANe che, evI emanAmAM zakti che kAraNa ke temanAM AvaraNo nAza pAmyAM che). paraMtu samakAla ke kaMIka pachI mahAsAMdhika bauddhoe to yugapad sarvane jANavAnA arthamAM sarvajJatvano svIkAra

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kevaLajJAna 51 18 karyo. Ama je jANavuM hoya tene ja jANavAnA arthamAM sthaviravAdamAM sarvajJatvano svIkAra thayo hato, te artha badalI eka sAthe badhI vastuonA jJAnanA arthamAM sarvajJatvano mahAsaMdhikoe svIkAra karyo. sAMkhya paraMparA ane tenA samAnataMtra yoganI paraMparA ghaNI prAcIna che. e hakIkata che ke buddha sAMkhyAcArya AlAra kAlAmanA ane yogAcArye rudraka rAmaputranA keTalAka samaya sudhI ziSya rahyA hatA. paraMtu sAMkhya ane yoganA vyavasthita lakhAyelA prAcIna graMtho upalabdha nathI. sAMkhyanuM vyavasthita nirUpaNa karato sauthI prAcIna upalabdha graMtha IzvarakRSNakRta sAMkhyakArikA lagabhaga I.sa.nI prathama zatAbdIno che, jyAre yoganuM vyavasthita nirUpaNa karato sauthI prAcIna upalabdha graMtha I.sa. pUrve bIjI zatAbdIno che, ane te che pataMjalino 'yogasUtra' nAmano graMtha. tema chatAM sAMkhya-yoga 5raM5rA ghaNI prAcIna che. ApaNe A prAcIna upalabdha graMthone AdhAre te paraMparAmAM sarvajJatvanI vibhAvanAnuM nirUpaNa karIzuM. sAMkhya-yoganI prAcIna paraMparA mujaba vivekakhyAti (vivekajJAna) pUrNa thatAM arthAt pUrepUrI siddha thatAM sAdhakane dharmameghasamAdhino lAbha thAya che.19 19 e kAraNe yogIo dharmameghasamAdhine vivekakhyAtinI ja parAkASThA samaje che.20 dharmameghasamAdhi lezo ane karmono samULa nAza kare che, pariNAme sAdhaka jIvanmukta bane che, have tene punarjanma saMbhavato nathI. teNe janmanAM kAraNono nAza karI nAkhyo che.21 AvA jIvanmuktane vivekajJAnajanya tArakajJAna nAmanI siddhi prApta thAya che. A tArakajJAna ja sarvane jANanAruM jJAna (sarvajJajJAna) che. tArakajJAna badhA ja viSayone ane temanI atIta, anAgata, vartamAna badhI ja avasthAone akramathI eka kSaNamAM jANI le che.22 tArakajJAnarUpa siddhi je vivekI jIvanmuktane prApta thaI hoya te, jo kSaNa ane kSaNakrama upara saMyama (=dhAraNA, dhyAna ane samAdhi) kare to, yugapat eka ja kSaNamAM sarva zeyone jANe che. Ama sarvane jANavA mATe mukhya be zaratonuM pAlana jarUrI che-(1) dRDha vivekajJAna prApta karavuM joIe jenA phaLarUpe sarvane jANavAnI siddhi, labdhi, zakti prApta thAya che. (2) kSaNa ane kSaNakrama upara saMyama karavo joIe. Ama prAcIna sAMkhyayoga ciMtakoe yugapat sarvanuM jJAna mAnyuM hovA chatAM satata anaMtakALa sudhI tene cAlu rahetuM mAnyuM nathI. paraMtu I.sa. trIjI-cothI zatAbdImAM yogabhASyakAra vyAse nityamukta eka Izvarano khyAla pAtaMjala yogaparaMparAmAM dAkhala karI yugapat sarvanuM jJAna sadAkALa IzvaramAM rahetuM svIkAryuM.' tene kSaNa ane kSaNakrama upara saMyama karavAnI jarUra nathI. tenuM sarvajJatva anAdi-anaMta che, nitya che. yogabhASyakAra pahelAM nityamukta eka Izvarano khyAla yogadarzanamAM paNa na hato, 'Izvara'padano prayoga tArakajJAna(sarvajJatva)nI siddhi dharAvanAra

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna jIvanmuktamAM thato. ane e arthamAM Izvaro aneka hatA ane anitya (pUrve baddha) hatA. sarva jIvanmuktone A tArakajJAnanI siddhi hotI nathI. eTale khuda bhASyakAra kahe che ke jIvanmukta Izvara (tArakajJAnasiddhirUpa aizvaryayukta) hoya ke na hoya te dehapaDatAM videhamukta bane che ja.26 jIvanmukte videhamukta banatAM pahelAM sarvajJa banavuM jarUrI nathI manAyuM. A eka noMdhapAtra bAbata che. sAMkhyayoga anusAra citta ja jJAtA che. cittanuM viSayAkAre pariNamavuM e ja jJAna che. cittanA A viSayAkAra pariNAmane cittavRtti kahe che. eTale cittavRtti e ja jJAna che. tethI tArakajJAna ke sarvajJajJAnano artha thaze yugapat eka ja kSaNamAM cittanuM sarva jJeyonA AkAre pariNamavuM. citta eka sAthe anaMta viSayonA AkAre kevI rIte pariNamI zake ane e pariNAma kevo hoya enI kalpanA karavI paNa kaThina che. paraMtu sAMkhya-yoge evuM mAnyuM che. jyAre jIvanmukta videhamukta bane che tyAre tenuM citta potAnA mULa kAraNa prakRtimAM vilIna thaI jAya che, cittanA abhAvamAM cittavRttino arthAt jJAnano abhAva thaI jAya che, tethI videhamuktane jJAna ja hotuM nathI. puruSa (AtmA) sAkSAt cittavRttinuM darzana kare che ane ghaTapaTAdi viSayonuM darzana cittavRtti dvArA kare che. eTale mokSamAM puruSane darzana paNa nathI, mAtra darzanazakti che. para 29 nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA paNa prAcIna che. gautamanA upalabdha nyAyasUtramAM I.sa. pU. 300thI I.sa. 400 sudhInAM staro jaNAya che. vAtsyAyananuM nyAyabhASya I.sa.nI pAMcamI zatAbdInA pUrvArdhanI kRti jaNAya che. gautama ane vAtsyAyana baMne 'Izvara'padathI jIvanmukta samaje che. Izvara adharma, mithyAjJAna ane pramAdano nAza karI dharma, jJAna ane samAdhirUpa saMpatti prApta kare che. te parama upadeSTA che. vAtsyAyana jIvanmuktane viharanmukta kahe che. te tene sarvajJa tarIke svIkAratA jaNAya che. jIvanmukta yogI RddhibaLe aneka yogaja sendriya zarIro nirmANa karI ane muktAtmAoe tyajI dIdhelAM aNu manone grahaNa karI sarva zeyone yugapad jANe che evuM te svIkAratA lAge che. temaNe 'zeya'padanI AgaLa 'sarva' vizeSaNa mUkyuM nathI paNa te temane abhipreta hoya ema lAge che. nyAya-vaizeSika mate jJAna AtmAnA vizeSa guNa hovA chatAM te teno svabhAva nathI. zarIrAvacchinna AtmamanaHsannikarSarUpa nimittakAraNathI utpanna thaI jJAna phUTasthanitya AtmAmAM samavAyasaMbaMdhathI rahe che eTaluM ja mAtra. mokSamAM AtmAne zarIra nathI ane mana paNa nathI, eTale nimittakAraNanA abhAvamAM jJAna ja nathI, to pachI sarvajJatva to kyAMthI hoya? I.sa.nI chaThThI zatAbdImAM prazastapAde zaiva-pAzupata saMpradAyanA nityamukta mahezvarano praveza nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparAmAM karAvyo che. ane te sAthe nitya sarvajJa Izvarano - je jagatkartA che - svIkAra uttarakAlIna sarve nyAya-vaizeSika ciMtakoe karyo che, eTaluM ja

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kevaLajJAna paDe nahi tenI prabaLa sthApanA paNa karI che. hAla je lupta thaI gaI che te AjIvika paraMparAmAM paNa sarvajJatvano svIkAra hato evuM jaNAya. jaina Agama bhagavatIsUtramAM noMdhyuM che ke jyAre gozAlakane teno ziSya ayaMpula maLe che tyAre te gozAlakano sarvajJa tarIke ullekha kare che. 30 jaina paraMparAno AjIvika paraMparA sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hato. A badhuM darzAve che ke bhagavAna mahAvIranA samayathI sarvajJatvamAM zraddhA ane sarvajJatvanI pratiSThA vadhatI cAlI che. AvI paristhitimAM jaina paraMparA sarvajJatvane svIkAryA vinA kevI rIte rahI zake? tenI pAse utkRSTa kevaLajJAna to hatuM ja. teNe tenA upara ja sarvajJatvano Aropa karI dIdho. Ama kevaLajJAna pote ja sarvajJatvamAM parivartita thaI gayuM. vitarAgatA ane dharmajJatAnI sAme sarvajJatvanI hAnikara pratiSThAno pratikAra - pAtaMjala yogamAM yogabhANakAre spaSTa zabdomAM svIkAryuM che ke mokSa prApta karavA mATe vItarAga ja banavuM jarUrI che, sarvajJa banavuM jarUrI nathI. vItarAga banyA vinA mokSa na maLe, sarvajJa banyA vinA mokSa maLe. keTalAka jaina ciMtakoe bhArapUrvaka pratipAdana karyuM ke kevaLa AtmAnuM jJAna ja kevaLajJAna che. temaNe sarvajJano artha ja AtmajJa karyo. temaNe ema paNa kahyuM ke bhagavAnanuM sarvajJatva to vyavahAra che jyAre temanuM AtmajJatva ja paramArtha che. bhAratIya dharma-darzananI paraMparAomAM mokSane ja parama puruSArtha tarIke svIkAravAmAM Avela che. eTale e jANavuM jarUrI che ke mokSaprApti mATe kyA krame zI sAdhanA karavI e koI sAkSAta anubhavathI jANe che ? bIjA zabdomAM zuM koI dharmane sAkSAta jANe che? mumukSuone mATe A prazna vicAraNIya che. mImAMsakono e mata che ke koI manuSya kadI paNa dharmano sAkSAtkAra karI zake nahi, dharma to veda dvArA ja jANI zakAya, veda apauruSeya che, dharmanI bAbatamAM vedano nibaMdha ane aMtima adhikAra che. mImAMsake sarvajJatvano niSedha paNa A kAraNe ja karyo che. koI manuSya sarvajJa hoI zake nahi kAraNa ke koI paNa manuSyane dharmanuM pratyakSa (sAkSAta anubhavAtmaka jJAna) zakya ja nathI. eTale ja kumArila kahe che - dharmajJatvaniSedhazca kevalo'trApi yujyate / sarvAncanAtaMtu puruSa: na vAta che tattvasaMgraha "pUrvapakSa pR. 844 vaidika paraMparAmAM anya dArzanika ciMtakoe IzvaramAM nitya sarvajJatA ane anya yogIomAM yoga sarvajJatA mAnIne paNa vedone IzvarapratipAdita yA Izvarani Rsita kahI dharmamAM vedane ja aMtima adhikAra svIkAryo. AthI UlaTuM, zramaNa paraMparAe vItarAgI

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54 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLazAna ane tattvajJAnI manuSyanuM dharmanI bAbatamAM prAmANya svIkAryuM. manuSya pote sAdhanA karI pUrNa vItarAgI ane zuddhajJAnI banI zake che, ane mokSa ane mokSopAyono sAkSAtkAra karI zake che. tene mokSamArgano pratyakSa anubhava che. te pote sAkSAta anubhavelA mokSamArgano, mokSopAyono, arthAt dharmano upadeza Ape che. dharmano upadeza ApavA te ja adhikArI che. bauddhAcArya dharmakIrtie lakhyuM che ke buddha caturAyasatyano sAkSAtkAra kare che ane tethI tadantargata mArganI arthAta dharmanI bAbatamAM te aMtima pramANa che. te karuNAthI prerAI kaSAyasaMtapta saMsArIonA uddhAra mATe svAnubhUta mArgano upadeza Ape che. te jagatanI anya badhI vastuone jANe che ke nahi e nirarthaka vAtanuM ApaNe kaMI prayojana nathI. ApaNe to e jovuM joIe ke temaNe ISTa tattvano arthAta dharmano, mArgano sAkSAtkAra karyo che ke nahi? te sAkSAta dharmajJa che ke nahi? pratiSThita sarvajJatvano sarvathA niSedha karavo kaThina hovAthI dharmakIrti siddhAntataH teno virodha karatA nathI paNa tene nirarthaka to avazya kahI de che. te kumArikane kahe che ke koI manuSya sarvajJa bhale na bane paNa teNe dharmajJa to banavuM joIe. te sarvajJatAnA samarthakone kahe che ke temaNe mImAMsakonI sAme sarvajJatA. upara bhAra daI tenI sthApanAmAM paDavA karatAM dharmajJatAnI sthApanAmAM paDavuM joIe. kharo vivAda to e prazna paratve che ke manuSyane dharmanuM sAkSAta pratyakSa anubhavarUpa jJAna thAya ke nahi? dharmanI bAbatamAM dharmajJa manuSyane pramANa mAnavo ke apauruSeya vedane ? tAtparya e che ke jayAM kumArile pratyakSAnubhavajanya dharmajJatAno niSedha karI dharmanA viSayamAM apauruSeya vedano ja avyAhata adhikAra siddha karyo tyAM dharmakIrtie pratyakSAnubhavajanya dharmajJatAnuM samarthana karI vItarAgI dharmajJa manuSyane ja dharmanI bAbatamAM aMtima pramANa tarIke svIkAryo ane teno ja adhikAra mAnyo. dharmakIrtie sarvajJatvanI khoTI pratiSThAne toDI dharmajJatvanI sAcI pratiSThAne sthApavAnuM khUba ja ucita kArya karyuM che, tenI sI dharmanetAoe gaMbhIrapaNe nodha levI joIe. sarvajJatva ane karmasiddhAntano paraspara virodha jainoe kevaLajJAnano sarvajJatva sAthe anaida karIne ane sarvajJatvano artha badhAM dravyo ane temanI bhUta, vartamAna ane bhAvI badhI ja avasthAone yugapa6 jANanAruM pratyakSa jJAna evo pharI pAchalA bAraNethI AtyaMtika niyativAdano ajANye svIkAra karI lIdho, je AtyaMtika niyativAda karmasiddhAntane tadana virodhI che. jo koI atyAre pratyeka bhAvI kSaNe thanArI mArI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika dazAone ane kriyAone saMdarbho sahita saMpUrNapaNe jANe che, mArA pratikSaNe thanAra badhA bhAvI adhyavasAyone, manobhAvone jANe che, bhAvI pratyeka kSaNe kyAM konA saMbaMdhamAM kevI rIte kyA sAdhanothI huM zuM karavAno

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kevaLajJAna papa chuM te badhAne te jANe che, to temAMthI nitAnta e ja phalita thAya ke mAruM bhAvI AtyaMtikapaNe niyata (absolutely predetermined and unalterably fixed) che, temAM jarA paNa parivartananI zakyatA nathI ane huM mArA bhAvIne mArI icchA mujaba ghaDI zakuM chuM e mArI mAnyatAnuM kAraNa to mAruM mArA bhAvInuM ajJAna ja che, je je pasaMdagI huM karuM chuM te pasaMdagI mAre karavAnI ja che e niyata ja hatuM, ajJAnane kAraNe huM mAnuM chuM ke te pasaMdagI meM svatapaNe mArI IcchA mujaba karI. sarvajJatvamAMthI Avo AtyaMtika niyativAda anivAryapaNe phalita thAya ja. keTalAka digaMbara paMDito evuM svIkAre paNa che. paMDita hukamacaMda bhAvilano kramabaddhaparyAyavAda e AtyaMtika niyativAda ja che. paraMtu jaina AgamomAM to bhagavAna mahAvIrane gozAlakanA AtyaMtika niyativAdano daDhatApUrvaka pratiSedha karatA varNavyA che. sarvajJatva svIkAratAM AtyaMtika niyativAda AvI paDe che ja. ane AtyaMtika niyativAda karmavAdamAM svIkRta puruSaprayatna,svataMtra icchAzakti, naitika javAbadArI, AtmasudhAraNA ane sAdhanAne taddana virodhI che ane pariNAme karmavAdano tadana virodhI che. jeo karmasiddhAntane barAbara samajatA nathI teo AkSepa kare che ke karmasiddhAnta AtyaMtika niyativAda bhaNI laI jAya che, temAM svataMtra icchAzakti vagerene avakAza ja nathI. pUrva karmone kAraNe jIva atyAre je kaMI che ane kare che te che ane kare che, atyAranAM karmo tenA bhAvI vyaktitvane ane kriyAone niyata karaze ane Ama cAlyA ja karaze. jIva saMpUrNapaNe pUrvakarmothI baddha che, eTaluM ja nahi temanAthI teno caitasika ane zArIrika vyavahAra - tenuM saMpUrNa vyaktitva - niyata che. AmAM puruSasvAtaMtrya ke svataMtra icchAzaktine avakAza ja kyAM che? vaLI, AmAM muktino saMbhava paNa kyAM che? A zaMkA barAbara nathI. te karmasiddhAntanI adhUrI samajamAMthI UbhI thayelI che. pUrva karma anusAra jIvane bhinna bhinna zaktivALAM mana, zarIra ane bAhya sAdhano prApta thAya che tema ja te bhinna bhinna vAtAvaraNa ane paristhitimAM mukAya che eTaluM ja, paraMtu prApta * sAdhanono upayoga kema ane kevo karavo tema ja amuka vAtAvaraNa ane paristhitimAM kevo pratyAghAta Apavo te tenA hAthanI vAta che, temAM te svatantra che evuM karmasiddhAnta mAne che. vaLI, jIva potAnA prayatnathI pUrvakarmonI asara haLavI ke naSTa karI zake che evuM paNa karmasiddhAntamAM svIkArAyuM che. jIva upara karmanuM nahi paNa karma upara jIvanuM Adhipatya svIkArAyuM che. Ama karmasiddhAnta AtyaMtika niyativAdano virodhI che ane tethI ja sarvajJatvano paNa virodhI che. sarvajJatva ane karmasiddhAntanuM satAvasthAna saMbhavatuM ja nathI. te baMne sAthe jaI zakatA ja nathI. bemAMthI ekano tyAga karavo ja paDe. koI ciMtaka ke. darzana baMnene svIkArI na zake. mane lAge che ke sarvajJatvane ja choDavuM joIe kAraNa ke jainoe to kevaLajJAna upara sarvajJatvano Aropa karelo che ane bhagavAna mahAvIre AtyaMtika

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pa6 jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna niyativAdano asvIkAra karyo che. keTalAka kaheze ke jaina darzana paNa kAryanI kAraNasAmagrImAM niyatino svIkAra kare che ja. hA, paraMtu A niyati AMzika che. ahIM niyatino artha che vyavasthA. vizvamAM aMdhAdhUMdhI (chaos) nathI paNa vyavasthA che, jene tarkazAstramAM uniformity of Nature kahevAmAM Ave che. prakRtinA niyamo (laws of Nature) anusAra jagatamAM ghaTanAo ghaTe che. ane A niyamomAM kAryakAraNano niyama mukhya che. game temAMthI game te utpanna thatuM nathI paNa amukamAMthI ja amuka utpanna thAya che. A vyavasthA che, uniformity che. paraMtu jagatanI badhI ghaTanAo kyAM ane kyAre thaze te AtyaMtikapaNe niyata nathI. sarvajJatva to AvI AtyaMtika niyati svIkAryA vinA ghaTatuM ja nathI. jJAnanuM Ananya svataH zeyAnajyanirapekSa jaino sarvajJatvane anantajJAna paNa gaNe che, ane nirAvaraNajJAna paNa gaNe che. nirAvaraNa jJAna svayaM svataH ananta che. tenuM Ananya jJayonA viSayonA) Ananya upara nirbhara nathI. vaLI, pataMjalie potAnA yogasUtramAM eka vicAraNIya vAta kahI che. te kahe che ke badhA ja zeya viSayone bhegA karo to paNa jJAnanA AnanyanI sarakhAmaNImAM te alpa che. tala sarvAvaramApatI jJAnI mAnyat revanyam ! (yogasUtra 4. 31). tAtparya e ke trilokavartI ane trikAlavartI saghaLA zeyone bhegA karavAthI te badhA jJayonuM je Ananya thAya te game teTaluM hoya paraMtu temanuM te Ananya nirAvaraNa zuddha jJAnanA Ananya AgaLa kaMI visAtamAM nathI. eTale ananta zeyone jANavAne kAraNe nirAvaraNa zuddha jJAnanuM Ananya jeo sthApe che te moTI bhUla kare che. uparAMta, jo anaMta sukhanuM Ananya viSayanirapekSa hoya to anaMta jJAnanuM Ananya viSayanirapekSa kema na hoya ? mahAvIrane sarvajJa mAnavAthI dharmahAni mahAvIra sarvajJa hatA ema manAyuM eTale temanA nAme khagoLa, bhUgoLa, jyotiSa AdinI vAto caDhAvavAmAM AvI. A vAto evI che je Adhunika vaijJAnika zodhonI viruddha jAya che. mahAvIranI sarvajJatAne vaLagI rahenArAo vijJAnanI zodho khoTI che ane mahAvIranI (mahAvIranA nAme caDhAvelI) vAto sAcI che e siddha karavA hAsyAspada prayatno karavAmAM paDI gayA. vijJAnanI zodhothI mahAvIranI sarvajJatA khaMDita thAya che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa mahAvIrano vItarAgatAnI sAdhanAno je kharo upadeza che tenA pratye paNa saMzaya ane avizvAsa yuvAna peDhImAM utpanna thAya che. mahAvIrane kevaLajJAnImAMthI sarvajJa banAvI jaina dharmanI prabhAvanA nahi paNa hAni karavAmAM AvI che. mahAvIra mokSamArganA, vItarAgamArganA sarvotkRSTa upadeSTA hatA. te khagoLa, bhUgoLa, AdinA

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kevaLajJAna 57 upadeSTA hatA ja nahi. nirmohInuM alpayonuM jJAna paNa pUrNajJAna jaina zAstromAM vAraMvAra kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke alpamohIne thoDuMka jJAna hoya to * paNa te jJAnI che jyAre bahumohIne badhAM ja zAstronuM jJAna hoya to paNa te ajJAnI che. 33 A darzAve che ke jainone mate saMkhyAnI dRSTie keTalI vastuo vyakti jANe che tenuM mahattva nathI, paraMtu tenI AMtarika zuddhi keTalI che tenuM mahattva che. AvuM hoIne je nirmohI che ' yA vItarAgI che tene saMkhyAnI dRSTie thoDI vastuonuM jJAna hoya to paNa te pUrNajJAnI che evuM phalita thAya. ane Ama, ApaNe agAu kahI gayA tema je jJAna akliSTa che, je jJAna rAgathI asaMskRSTa che te jJAna pUrNajJAna che ema spaSTapaNe phalita thAya che. anya tarkadoSo jainoe sarvajJatvane badhA ja dravyonuM ane temanA badhA ja paryAyonuM sAkSAtkArAtmaka anubhavAtmaka jJAna mAnyuM che. A kAraNe kevI tArkika muzkelIo UbhI thAya, eno vicAra karIe. ApaNe to azkila, jugupsApreraka, dhRNAjanaka adarzanIya dazyo jovAmAMthI bacavA AMkho baMdha karI daIe, dUra jatA rahIe, e bAju jaIe ja nahi. paraMtu sarvajJane to evA dazyo joye ja chUTako, emAMthI bacI zake nahi, te to sarvajJa Tharyo. ApaNe to durgadhanA anubhavathI bacavA nAka baMdha karI daIe ke sthAna choDI daIe paraMtu sarvajJane to anaMta prakAranI mAthuM phADI nAkhe evI durgadhono anubhava karavo ja paDe kAraNa ke te sarvajJa banyo che. Ama ja teNe badhA ja prakAranA kharAba sparzono, rasono ane zabdono paNa anubhava karavo ja paDavAno. vaLI, te sarvajJa che to bIjAone je je anubhavo thAya te saghaLA anubhavono paNa teNe sAkSAta anubhava karavo ja paDe ne? anyathA, te sarvajJa na kahevAya. Ama bIjAnA anubhava jevo ja anubhava teNe karavo ja paDe, kAraNa ke tenuM badhuM : jJAna anubhavarUpa ja che. bIjo strIsparzano anubhava kare to potAne paNa strIsparzano anubhava AvI paDe. eka vyaktinA vyaktitvathI bIjI vyaktinuM vyaktitva alaga rahevAnuM mukhya kAraNa e che ke eka vyaktinA jJAno, cetanasika bhAvo, adhyavasAyo Adino sAkSAta anubhava yA saMvedana bIjI vyakti karI zakatI nathI, e hakIkata che. jo temanuM saMvedana bIjI vyakti kare to te bIjI vyakti pahelI vyaktinuM vyaktitva dhAraNa karI le ane eka vyaktimAM be vyaktitvonuM kendra (dual personality) thAya, je iSTa gaNAtuM nathI. sarvajJanuM jJAna sAkSAtkArAtmaka hoya che ane tethI te badhI ja vyaktionA jJAno, bhAvo ane adhyavasAyonuM saMvedana kare, pariNAme tenAmAM anaMta vyaktionA vyaktitvonuM dhAraNa

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna AvI paDe, te multi-personality banI jAya. A to atyaMta aniSTa kahevAya. jainoe sarvajJatvanI je vyAkhyA karI che te koI paNa rIte svIkArya thAya evI nathI. temaNe tenA upara pukhta vicAra karI te vyAkhyA ja badalI nAkhavI joIe. 58 bIjuM, jainoe cakSu vagere indriyo vinA rUpa Adino anubhava karavA mATe sarvajJanA AtmAnA pratyeka pradezane, aMzane sarvokSaguNasaMpanna mAnyo che, to sAthe sAthe temaNe e paNa mAnavuM paDe ke sarvajJano AtmA sarva lokane vyApIne rahe che, anyathA sarvokSaguNasaMpanna Atmapradezo vaDe te AkhA lokamAM vyApta rUpI dravyonA badhA rUpa Adi guNono anubhava kevI rIte karaze ? mukta sarvajJa chellA za2I2thI kaMIka nyUna parimANavALA thaI siddhazilAmAM virAjavuM joIe nahi, ane mukti pahelAM to sarvajJano AtmA tenA zarIrarimANa jeTaluM ja parimANa dharAvato hoya che tenA badale lokavyApI parimANa dharAvavuM joIe. Ama A badhI vicitra ane paraspara meLa khAya nahi evI tarkahIna korI kalpanAo ja jaNAya che. ane vicArazIloe teno virodha karavo joIe, samarthana nahi. sarvajJatvano artha zuM karavo ? A badhI muzkelIothI bacavA sarvajJatvano artha badalavo jarUrI che. te artho nIce pramANe che - (1) jaina dharmadarzana adhyAtmavidyA che, eTale A adhyAtmane dRSTimAM rAkhI adhyAtmavidyAnA AdarzarUpa pUrNatAe pahoMcavA je kaMI jANavuM jarUrI hoya te sarvane jANanAruM jJAna te sarvajJatva. sarvajJatvano Avo artha karatAM sarvajJatva ane dharmajJatva baMne samAnArthaka banaze. Ama adhyAtmavidyAmAM dharmajJatva ja sarvajJatva che. A saMdarbhamAM paMDita sukhalAlajIe je kahyuM che te atyanta mahattvanuM che. te lakhe che : ''satti merI rAya meM jaina paramparA meM sarvajJatva kA asalI artha AdhyAtmika sAdhanAmeM upayogI saba tattvoM kA jJAna yahI honA cAhie, nahIM ki traikAlika samagra bhAvoM kA sAkSAtkAra / 34 (2) 'sarva'no eka artha akhaMDa evo thAya che. je jJAna akhaMDa vastune jANe te jJAna sarvajJa kahevAya. arthAt je jJAna vastune khaMDazaH nahi paNa akhaMDapaNe jANe te jJAna sarvajJa. AvuM jJAna zukla dhyAnanI ekatvavitarkanirvicAra bhUmikA siddha karanAra sAdhakane saMbhave che. eTale zukladhyAnanI A koTi jeNe siddha karI hoya te sarvajJa kahevAya. 'sarvajJa' zabdano eka prAcIna artha noMdhavo rasaprada che. nyAya-vaizeSika darzanamAM vAtsyAyane AtmAne sarvajJa kahyo che. darekano AtmA sadA sarvajJa che. cakSuno viSaya kevaLa rUpa che, zrotrano viSaya kevaLa zabda che, ityAdi. cakSu rUpane grahe che, zrotra zabdane grahe

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kevaLajJAna che, ityAdi. paraMtu AtmA cakSu dvArA rUpane, zrotra dvArA zabdane, sparzanendriya dvArA sparzane, rasanendriya dvArA rasane ane ghrANendriya dvArA gaMdhane ema pAMcene grahaNakare che, tethI AtmA sarvajJa che. Ama AtmAno indriyathI bheda che. indriya eka eka viSayane ja grahe che, jyAre AtmA sarva viSayane grahe che.35 upasaMhAra samagra carcA uparathI eTaluM to spaSTa che ke kevaLajJAna u52 sarvajJatvano Aropa AjubAjunA vAtAvaraNanA dabANa nIce thayo hoya ema lAge che. bIjuM, sarvajJatvamAMthI AtyaMtika niyativAda nitAnta phalita thato hoI sAdhanA ane karmasiddhAntamAM mAnanAra teno svIkAra karI zake nahi. vaLI, sarvajJatvanA svIkAramAM aneka tArkika doSo ane Apattio che. eTale, kevaLajJAna uparathI sarvajJatvano Aropa dUra karI kevaLajJAnane rAgarahita vizuddha jJAna, AtmajJAna ke dharmajJAna tarIke ja samajavuM joIe. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. EUR. 7. 8. 8. 59 TippaNa ekatvavitarkAvicAradhyAnabalena niHzeSatayA jJAnAvaraNAdInAM ghAtikarmaNAM prakSaye sati..... 'kevalam' ityAgame prasiddham / pramANamImAMsAsvopajJavRtti, 1.1.15 / mohakSayAt jJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevalam / tattvArthasUtra, 10.1 / mohakSayAditi pRthakkaraNaM kramaprasiddhyartham / yathA gamyeta pUrvaM mohanIyaM kRtsnaM kSIyate / tato'ntarmuhUrtaM chadmasthavItarAgo bhavati / tato'sya jJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyaprakRtInAM tisRNAM yugapat kSayo bhavati / tattvArthabhASya, 10.1 / tasvArthasUtra, 1.9 - 12. akSNoti vyApnoti jAnAtItyakSa AtmA tameva prAptakSayopazamaM prakSINAvaraNaM vA pratiniyataM pratyakSam / sarvArthasiddhi, 1.12 / so Neva te vijANadi uggahapuSvArhi kiriyAhiM // pravacanasAra, 1.21 sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya / tattvArthasUtra, 1.29 jo Na vijANAdi jugavaM atthe tikkAlige tihuvaNatthe / NA tassa Na sakkaM sapajjayaM davvamegaM vA // pravacanasAra, 1.48 Natthi parokkhaM kiMci vi samaMta savvakkhaguNasamiddhassa / akkhAtIdassa sadA sayameva hi NANajAdassa | pravacanasAra, 1.22 prajJAyAH atizayaH tAratamyaM kvacid vizrAntam, atizayatvAt parimANAtizayavat / pramANamImAMsAvRtti, 1.1.16 sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSA kasyacid yathA / anumeyatvato'gnyAdiriti sarvajJasaMsthitiH // AptamImAMsA, zloka 5 dhIratyantaparokSe'rthe na cet puMsAM kutaH punaH / jyotirjJAnAvisaMvAdaH zrutAccet sAdhanAntaram // 8.2 siddhivinizcayaTIkA (pR.526 )

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jainadarzanamAM samyagdarzana matijJAna kevaLajJAna 10. asti sarvajJaH sunizcitAsaMbhavabAdhakapramANatvAt / me4, pR.537 11. jaina darzana, mahendrakumAra, pR.313 / 12. vRttayaH paccatayyaH kliSTA akliSTAH / yogasUtra, 1.5 13. kevaLa nijasvabhAvanuM akhaMDa varte jJAna; kahIe kevaLajJAna te deha chatAM nirvANa. AtmasiddhizAstra, gAthA 113 14. vavahAro'bhUdattho bhUdattho desido du suddhaNayo / samayasAra, 13 15. bhayabheravasutta, majjhimanikAya (= ma.ni.) 16. tevijjavacchasutta, ma.ni. 17. History of Buddhist Thought, E.J. Thomas, p.149 18. Studies in the Origins of Buddhism, G.C. Pande, 1983, p.458 fn.77 18. ... sarvathA vivekakhyAteH dharmameghaH smaadhiH| yogasUtra, 4.29 20. taddharmameghAkhyaM dhyAnaM paramaM prasaGkhyAnaM vivekakhyAtereva parAkASThA iti yogino vadanti / yogavArtika, 1.2 21. tataH klezakarmanivRttiH / yogasUtra, 4.30 / tallAbhAdavidyAdayaH klezAH samUlakASaM kaSitA bhavanti, kuzalA akuzalAzca karmAzayAH samUlaghAtaM hatA bhavanti, 'klezakarmanivRttau jIvanneva vidvAn vimuktA bhavati / yogabhASya, 4.30 22. tArakaM sarvaviSayaM sarvathAviSayamakramaM ceti vivekajaM jJAnam / yogasUtra, 3.54 / sarvaviSayatvAnnAsya kizcidaviSayIbhUtamityarthaH / sarvathAviSayamatItAnAgatapratyutpannaM sarva paryAyaiH sarvathA jAnAtItyarthaH / akramamityekakSaNopArUDhaM sarvaM sarvathA gRhNAtItyarthaH / etad vivekajaM jJAnaM paripUrNam / yogabhASya, 3.54 23. kSaNatatkramayoH saMyamAd vivekajaM jJAnam / yogasUtra, 3.52 kaivasyaM prAptAstarhi santi ca bahavaH kevalinaH / te hi trINi bandhanAni chittvA kaivalyaM prAptAH / Izvarasya ca tatsambandho na bhUto na bhAvI / sa tu sadaiva muktaH sadaivezvaraH / yogabhASya, 1.24 ... prakRSTasattvopAdAnAdIzvarasya zAzvatikaH utkrssH...| yogabhASya, 1.24 26. etasyAmavasthAyAM kaivalyaM bhavatIzvarasyAnIzvarasya vA vivekajajJAnabhAgina itarasya vA / yogabhASya, 3.55 27. adharma-mithyAjJAna-pramAdahAnyA dharma-jJAna-sampradhisampadA ca viziSTamAtmAntaramIzvaraH / nyAyabhASya, 4.1.21 28. bahizca viviktacitto viharanmukta ityucyate / nyAyabhASya, 4.1.64 28. yogI khalu Rddhau prAdurbhUtAyAM vikaraNadharmA nirmAya sendriyANi zarIrAntarANi teSu yugapad jJeyAni upalabhate / nyAyabhASya, 3.2.19 / 4yaMta mana nIyana vayanI / saMhalamA nacapAtra cha: yogI hi yogaddhisiddhyA vihitanikhilanijadharmAdharmakarmA nirmAya

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kevaLajJAna 61 tadupabhogayogyAni teSu teSUpapattisthAneSu tAni tAni sarvendriyANi zarIrANi, khaNDAntaHkaraNAni ca muktairAtmabhirupekSitAni gRhItvA sakalakarmaphalamanubhavati prAptaizvaryaH... / nyAyamaJjarI, kAzI saMskRta sirijha, bhAga 2, pR. 88 ____30 bhagavatIsUtra, abhayadevaTIkAsahita, muMbaI, 1918-21, pR.62 u1. tAyaH svadRSTamArgoktiH vaiphalyAd vakti nAnRtam / dayAlutvAt parArthaM ca srvaarmbhaabhiyogtH| tasmAt pramANaM tAyo vA catuHsatyaprakAzanam // pramANavArtika, 1. 147-148 32. tasmAdanuSTheyagataM jJAnamasya vicAryatAm / kITasaGkhyAparijJAnaM tasya naH kopayujyate // heyopAdeyatattvasya sAbhyupAyasya vedakaH / yaH pramANamasAviSTaH na tu sarvasya vedakaH // dUraM pazyatu vA mA vA tattvamiSTaM tu pazyatu / pramANaM dUradarzI cedetad gRdhrAnupAsmahe // pramANavArtika, 1. 33-35 33. caMdAvejjhayapaINNayaM, gAthA 64-66 (paINNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya saMskaraNa) 34. darzana aura ciMtana, pR. 556 u5. yasmAt tu vyavasthitaviSayANIndriyANi tasmAt tebhyo'nyaH cetanaH sarvajJaH sarvaviSayagrAhI viSayavyavasthitimatIto'numIyate / nyAyabhASya, 3.1.3 9*e

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bho. je. vidyAbhavanAnAM prApya prakAzano Indian Dialectics, Vols. I & II gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa By Dr.E.A.Solomon Rs. 160-00 graMthamAlA" prabandhAdimAM aitihAsika tathA sAmAjika vastu saMpA. : pro.2.cho.parIkha ane DaoN.ha.gaM, zAstrI le. DaoN.bhogIlAla sAMDesarA rUA. 15-00 | graMtha 1-7 avatAro ane avatAravAda saMpA. : DaoN.ha.gaM, zAstrI ane DaoN.pra ci.parIkha le. DaoNlararAya mAMkaDa rUA. 10-00 graMtha 8-9 Festivals, Sports and Pastimes of India piu 4: NGASLC rUA. 25-50 By Dr.V.Raghavan Rs. 50-00 graMtha 6 : mughalakAla rUA, 19-45 Coins, The Source of Indian History graMtha 7 : marAThAkAla rUA. 13-25 By Dr.P.L. Gupta R s. 28-00 New Bearing of Indian Literary graMtha 8 : briTizakALa (I.sa. 1818 thI 1914) Theory and Criticism rUA. 20-40 By Dr.K.Krishnamoorthy Rs. 20-00 graMtha 9 : AjhAdI pahelAM ane pachI navapurAtattva (I.sa. 1915 thI 1960)rUA. 40-40 le, DaoN. hasamukha sAMkaLiyA - rUA. 20-00 sAhitya ane vivecana History And Culture of Madhya le. dI.ba.kezavalAla ha. dhruva rUA. 120-00 Pradesh By Prof. K.D.Bajpai Rs. 100-00 yoga, anuyoga ane maMtrayoga A Historical And Cultural study of le. DaoN.bhogIlAla sAMDesarA rUA. 60-00 The Inscriptions of Gujarat svapnanI sohAgaNI By Dr.H.G.Shastri Rs. 130-00 le. dI, ba. kezavalAla ha. dhruva rUA. 60-00 A Descriptive Catalogue of Gujarati, Underground Shrine Queen's StepHindi and Marathi Manuscripts of well at Patan B.J.Institute Museum Part-I Rs. 160-00 by Jaikishandas Sadani Rs. 125-00 A Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit infcoh weiten and Prakrit Manuscripts of B. J. In- R. . . ta. zrIvAstava 2. 20-00 stitute Museum, Part-III Rs. 120-00 The Jain Image Inscriptions of A Supplement to the Catalogue of the Ahmadabad Persian And Arabic Manuscripts of by P.C.Parikh & B.J.Institute Museum, Part-III B.K. Shelat Rs. 300-00 Rs. 16-00 I : prAptisthAna : gujarAta vidhAsabhA bho.je.vidhAbhavana premAbhAI haoNla, bhadra, Azrama mArga, amadAvAda-380 001 amadAvAda-380 OOG