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________________ pANujjIvo jovo maimavidyAM saMsthAna zrI mahAvIra jayantI 2595-96 jainavidyA nemicandra vizeSAMka jainavidyA saMsthAna digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI rAjasthAna 19
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________________ jainavidyA jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI dvArA prakAzita vArSika zodha-patrikA apraila, sampAdaka maNDala zrI navInakumAra baja zrI mahendrakumAra pATanI DaoN. kailAzacanda jaina zrI jJAnacandra bilTIvAlA prabandha sampAdaka zrI prakAzacandra jaina maMtrI, prabandhakAriNI kameTI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI 1997-98 prakAzaka sampAdaka DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI zrI jJAnacandra khindUkA DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI sahAyaka sampAdaka suzrI prIti jaina jainavidyA saMsthAna prabandhakAriNI kameTI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI ( rAjasthAna )
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________________ vArSika mUlya 30.00 ru. sAmAnyataH 60.00 ru. pustakAlaya hetu mudraka jayapura prinTarsa prA. li. jayapura
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________________ pR. viSaya-sUcI kra.saM. viSaya lekhaka kA nAma Arambhika sampAdakIya 1. AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA aura unakA sAhitya-saMsAra 2. karmasiddhAnta ke jJAtA DaoN. rAjendrakumAra baMsala nemicandrAcArya : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 3. liMpai appIkIraI AcArya nemicandra 4. siddhAnta-zAstra-marmajJa AcArya rAjakumAra jaina nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI 5. pahiyA je chappurisA...... AcArya nemicandra 6. gommaTasAra ke kartA zrI ramAkAnta jaina 7. lakkhaNameyaM . AcArya nemicandra 8. gommaTasAra meM karmabandha DaoN. mahendrasAgara pracaNDiyA . kAraNa aura nivAraNa 1. Natthi ya rAyaddosA AcArya nemicandra 10. siddhAntacakravartI ke gommaTasAra DaoN. zrIraMjanasUrideva kA karmakANDa : karmasiddhAnta kA prAmANika sandarbha 11. gaNitIya jinAgama gaMgA ke pro. lakSmIcandra jaina bhAgIratha : AcArya ziromaNi evaM zrI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI pro. DaoN. padmAvatammA
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________________ jainavidyA (zodha-patrikA) sUcanAe~ 1. patrikA sAmAnyataH varSa meM eka bAra, mahAvIra jayantI ke avasara para prakAzita hogii| 2. patrikA meM zodha-khoja, adhyayana-anusaMdhAna sambandhI maulika aprakAzita racanAoM ko hI sthAna milegaa| 3. racanAe~ jisa rUpa meM prApta hoMgI unheM prAyaH usI rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jaaegaa| svabhAvataH tathyoM kI prAmANikatA Adi kA uttaradAyitva racanAkAra kA hogaa| 4. yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki prakAzaka, sampAdaka lekhakoM ke abhimata se sahamata ho| 5. racanAe~ kAgaja ke eka ora kama se kama 3 se.mI. kA hAziyA chor3akara suvAcya ____ akSaroM meM likhI athavA TAipa kI huI honI caahie| 6. asvIkRta/aprakAzita racanAe~ lauTAI nahIM jaayeNgii| 7. racanAe~ bhejane evaM anya saba prakAra ke patra-vyavahAra ke lie patA - sampAdaka jainavidyA jainavidyA saMsthAna digambara jaina nasiyA~ bhaTTArakajI savAI rAmasiMha roDa, jayapura - 302004
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________________ prakAzakIya digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna kI zodha patrikA 'jainavidyA' kA yaha unnIsavA~ aMka 'nemicandra vizeSAMka' ke rUpa meM prastuta hai| nandisaMgha dezIyagaNa ke AcArya nemicandra vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke pratibhAsampanna, adhyAtmavettA, karma siddhAnta ke pAragAmI AcArya the| AcArya nemicandra ne vRhatkAya siddhAntagranthoM kA, jinakA adhyayana-svAdhyAya sAmAnyajana ke lie duSkara pratIta hone lagA thA, sAra lipibaddha kiyaa| inhoMne gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa va karmakANDa), labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra va trilokasAra granthoM kI racanA kii| inake sAre grantha itane maulika aura tAtvika haiM ki ve svataMtra granthoM ke rUpa meM samAdRta haiN| inake saiddhAntika yogadAna ke lie hI inheM 'siddhAntacakravartI' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gyaa| jina vidvAnoM ne apanI racanAe~ bhejakara isa aMka ko kalevara pradAna kiyA, hama unake AbhArI haiN| isa aMka ke sampAdaka, sahayogI sampAdaka evaM sampAdaka maNDala dhanyavAdArha haiN| prakAzacandra jaina maMtrI narezakumAra seThI adhyakSa prabandhakAriNI kameTI, digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI
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________________ sampAdakIya "jainadarzana ke mUla siddhAnta ke rUpa meM 'kaSAya pAhuDa' nAmaka prathama grantha kI racanA IsA kI prathama zatAbdI meM AcArya guNadhara ne kI thI / isake pazcAt isI zatAbdI meM AcArya dvaya puSpadanta evaM bhUtabalI ne 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI racanA kii| ye racanAe~ kevali-kathita karaNAnuyoga karma - siddhAnta ke gUr3ha rahasyoM se sambandhita haiN| ina donoM granthoM kI vizada TIkA /vyAkhyA 9vIM zatAbdI meM AcArya vIrasena dvArA kI gaI jo kramazaH jayadhavalA aura dhavalA ke nAma se prasiddha huiiN| ye TIkA grantha apane Apa meM svataMtra evaM paripUrNa grantha jaise haiN| karaNAnuyoga ke ukta grantha atyanta sUkSma evaM jaTila haiM ataH paravartI AcAryoM dvArA yaha prayAsa kiyA jAtA rahA hai ki usake rahasya ko janasAmAnya ke samajhane yogya bhASA meM vyakta kiyA jaaye|" "isa uddezya kI pUrti (vikrama kI) gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI dvArA kI gii| unhoMne SaTakhaNDAgama evaM usakI dhavalA TIkA tathA kaSAya pAhuDa evaM usakI jayadhavalA TIkA kA gahana evaM sUkSma adhyayana kara unake AdhAra para 'gommaTasAra' (dvitIya nAma paMcasaMgraha) tathA 'labdhisAra' granthoM kI racanA kii| inake alAvA unhoMne 'trilokasAra' kI bhI racanA kii| ina racanAoM meM nemicandrAcArya ne gAgara meM sAgara bharane kI kahAvata caritArtha kI hai / " " ve pratibhAsampanna, medhAvI, adhyAtma-rasika evaM (jainadarzana meM) karma-siddhAnta ke pAragAmI AcArya the| ve gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamalla ke maMtrI va senApati cAmuNDarAya ke guru the|" "nemicandrAcArya ne AcArya abhayanandi, vIranandi evaM indranandi ko apanA guru batAyA hai / " " AcArya nemicandra (vikrama kI 11vIM za) ke samaya yadyapi siddhAnta granthoM kI paryAptarUpeNa upalabdhatA thI, kintu ve bRhatkAya aura janasAmAnya ke lie na kevala durlabha apitu durUha bhI the| janasAmAnya dvArA bRhatkAya granthoM kA adhyayana - svAdhyAya duSkara pratIta ho rahA thA, jisase prerita hokara AcArya nemicandra jaise vidvatpravara ne bRhatkAya siddhAnta granthoM kA sAra lipibaddha kiyA / " "prAcInakAla meM kisI zAstrIyamUla grantha para likhI gaI TIkAe~ itanI maulika aura tAttvika hotI thIM ki unheM eka svataMtra grantha ke rUpa meM paNDitoM kA samAdara prApta hotA thA / " "nemicandrAcArya ne karaNAnuyoga ke gommaTasAra, labdhisAra evaM trilokasAra granthoM kI racanA kii| unake isa yogadAna ke kAraNa unheM 'siddhAntacakravartI' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gyaa|" " SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA kA maMthana karake AcArya nemicandra ne 'gommaTasAra' grantha kI racanA kI thii| yaha grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM- jIvakANDa aura karmakANDa / " '"nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRta se uddhRta prathama siddhAnta - grantha ke jIvasthAna Adi cha: khaNDoM ke prameyAMza kA uddhAra karake gommaTasAra aparanAma paMcasaMgraha kI racanA kI thii| ina TIkAoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki grantha kI racanA cAmuNDarAya ke nimitta huI thI /
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________________ cAmuNDarAya kA gharelU nAma gommaTarAya thA, inake nimitta racanA karane ke kAraNa isa grantha kA nAma 'gommaTa-saMgraha' 'gommaTa-saMgraha-sUtra' 'gommaTa-sUtra' arthAt gommaTarAya ke nimitta banAyA gayA saMgraha sUtra diyA hai|" ___" 'gommaTasAra' grantha aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai| jIva tattva evaM karma-sambandhI vivecanA usakA mukhya pratipAdya hai / jIvakANDa meM jIva se sambaddha aneka prakaraNoM kA varNana hai| isameM jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda batalAte hue unake eka se dasa taka caudaha, unnIsa, sattAvana aura aTThAnave bheda kahe gaye haiN| inheM ve jIva-samAsa kahate haiN|" ___ "lezyA sambandhI vistRta varNana gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM kiyA gayA hai jo jainadharma ke maulika cintana kI ora saMketa karatA hai|" "karmakANDa meM karmoM kI nirjarA evaM tattvoM ke svarUpa ke avadhAraNa-nizcaya kA varNana hai| karmakANDa meM saMsAra duHkhadAyaka yA sukhapratibaMdhaka karma siddhAnta kA sUkSma vivecana kiyA " 'gommaTa' zabda marAThI meM eka vizeSaNa hai aura usakA artha hai - sApha, sundara, AkarSaka acchA aadi| koMkaNI bhASA meM 'gomTo' zabda hai aura usakA vahI artha hai jo marAThI meM hai| 'gommaTa' zabda kA artha hai - uttama aadi| kannar3a bhASA meM bhI 'gommaTa' zabda uttama ke artha meM tathA vizeSaNa evaM nAma ke artha meM vyavahRta huA hai|" __"AcArya nemicandra kI trilokasAra jaina-darzana ke lokAnuyoga sAhitya se sambandhita hai jisameM bhUgola-khagola, jyotiSa-nimitta evaM graha-gaNita Adi kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai| nAma ke anurUpa isa grantha meM tIna loka arthAt Urdhvaloka, madhyaloka aura adholoka kA varNana kiyA hai|" . "graha, nakSatra, prakIrNaka, tArA-sUrya-candra kI Ayu, vimAna, gati, parivAra Adi kA bhI sAMgopAMga varNana pAyA jAtA hai / triloka kI racanA ke sambandha meM sabhI prakAra kI jAnakArI isa grantha se prApta kI jA sakatI hai|" __ "trilokasAra meM loka kI sImAe~, usake jyAmitIya khaNDa, cAroM ora se veSTita padArtha, bhaugolika, jyotiSa Adi ke vivaraNa bhI gaNita dvArA diye gaye haiM / Rtu, rAhU, karka, makara rAziyA~, madhyapradeza, dhArAe~, zalAkA gaNana ke sabhI siddhAnta Adi navIna vivaraNa haiN|" "adhyAtma zakti se arjita jJAna ko trilokasAra meM samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai|" "labdhisAra AcArya nemicandra kI anya kRti hai jo gommaTasAra kA uttara bhAga samajhanA caahie| labdhisAra meM jIva ke karma-bandha, karmoM se chUTane kI prakriyA arthAt labdhirUpa samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra kI upalabdhi kI prakriyA savistAra darzAyI hai|" __ "chaha sau tirepana gAthAoM vAle 'kSapaNAsAra' meM karmoM ko kSaya karane kI vidhi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai|" __ "jinAgama meM gaNita kI pratiSThA karAne kA sarvAdhika zreya AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ko jAnA caahiye| unhoMne Age AnevAlI pIr3hiyoM ke lie jainadharma ke sArabhUta pUrvo ke karmasiddhAnta viSayaka jaTilatama jJAnAMza ko gaNitIya sUtrabaddha racanAoM meM piro diyaa|"
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________________ 44 'jar3a aura cetana kA samavAya saMsAra hai| saMsaraNazIlatA saMsAra kA mUla svabhAva hai| isa svabhAva ko karma sakriya rakhate haiN| darzanAvaraNIya, jJAnAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura vedanIya nAmaka vasu karmoM meM saMsAra ke anya sabhI karmakula antarbhukta ho jAte haiN| jIva inhIM karmoM ke kAraNa sAMsArika cakramaNa meM anAdikAla se sakriya hai / janma-maraNa ke dAruNa duHkhoM ko bhoga rahA hai|" "jIva aura usakI paryAya- zarIra kA sambandha kRta nahIM prAkRta hai aura isalie vaha kahalAtA hai - prakRti / prakRti ko zIla aura svabhAva se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra sone meM mala kA anAdikAlIna sambandha hai usI prakAra jIva aura zarIra kA sambandha bhI anAdi hai, isa sambandha kA koI karttA nahIM hai|" " 'karma - -jAla meM pha~sakara prANI usase nikalane kA bAra-bAra prayAsa karatA hai para isase nikala pAnA itanA sarala aura sugama nahIM hai| isase nikalane kA ekamAtra upAya karma-jAla kATanA hI hai / " "prANI jo anAdikAla se vasu karmoM ke baMdha meM ba~dhatA calA A rahA hai usake nivAraNArtha use cAritra-sAdhanA karane ke lie tadanusAra caryA karanA parama Avazyaka hotA hai| sArAMza meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki mithyAtva karma-baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa hai aura nivAraNa kA mukhya AdhAra hai| samyaktva / " - abhI taka yaha dhAraNA calI A rahI thI ki 'dravyasaMgraha' yA 'bRhaddravyasaMgraha' ke racayitA 'nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI' haiM para aba naye pramANoM ke Aloka meM yaha mAnyatA parivartita ho gaI hai| samIkSaka vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai ki dravyasaMgraha ke racayitA 'nemicandra siddhAntideva' yA 'nemicandra muni' haiM / bRhadravyasaMgraha ke TIkAkAra brahmadeva ne grantha kA paricaya dete hue likhA hai ki mAlavadeza dhArA nagarI kA svAmI kalikAla sarvajJa bhojadeva thA / usase sambaddha maNDalezvara zrIpAla ke Azrama nAmaka nagara meM zrI munisuvrata tIrthaMkara ke caityAlaya meM bhANDAgAra somanAmaka rAja zreSTha ke lie zrI nemicandra siddhAntideva ne 'dravyasaMgraha' nAmaka grantha rcaa| "nemicandrAcArya dvArA cunI evaM racI gaI sAmagrI sIdhI gaNitIya thI, vizvaracanA sambandhI tathA sUkSmatama jagat ke rahasyoM se bharI vaijJAnika niyaMtraNa praNAlI rUpa vilakSaNa thI / ataH vaha apane Apa meM bhAratIya anya matoM se athavA vizva ke anya matoM se vilaga vizAlarUpa meM panapatI cunautIrUpa meM utara AyI / " jainavidyA kA yaha aMka 'nemicandra vizeSAMka' ke rUpa meM prakAzita hai| jina vidvAn lekhakoM ne apanI racanAe~ bhejakara isa aMka ke prakAzana meM sahayoga pradAna kiyA una sabhI ke prati hama AbhArI haiN| saMsthAna samiti, sahayogI sampAdaka, sampAdaka maNDala evaM sahayogI kAryakartAoM ke prati AbhArI haiN| mudraNa hetu jayapura prinTarsa prA. li. dhanyavAdAha hai| DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela 1997-1998 AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI aura unakA sAhitya saMsAra - DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA dakSiNa meM vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM nemicandra nAma ke AcArya hue haiM unakI upAdhi 'siddhAntacakravartI' thii| siddhAntagranthoM ke abhyAsI ko siddhAntacakravartI kA pada prAcIna samaya se hI diyA jAtA rahA hai| AcArya nemicandra ne dhavala - siddhAnta kA maMthana karake 'gommaTasAra' nAmaka grantha kA praNayana kiyA aura jaMyadhavala - siddhAnta kA maMthana karake 'labdhisAra' grantha kI racanA kii| apane 'gommaTasAra' ke 'karmakANDa' meM AcArya nemicandra likhate haiM - - jaha cakke Na ya cakkI chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM avaggheNa / tai maicakkeNa mayA chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM sammaM // arthAt jisa taraha cakravartI apane cakraratna se bhAratavarSa ke chaha khaNDoM ko binA kisI vighnabAdhA ke sAdhatA hai, yA apane adhIna karatA hai usItaraha maiMne apane buddhirUpI cakra se SaTkhaNDoM ko yA SaTkhaNDAgama siddhAnta ko samyakrIti se sAdhA / AcArya nemicandra dezIyagaNa ke haiM / AcAryazrI ne abhayanaMdi, vIranandi aura indranandi ko apanA guru batalAyA hai| 'karmakANDa' meM do sthAnoM para AcAryazrI ne ina tInoM ko namana kiyA
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 hai / eka sthala para likhate haiM ki jisake caraNoM ke prasAda se vIranandi aura indranandi kA vatsya ananta saMsArarUpI samudra se pAra ho gayA una abhayanandi guru ko maiM namaskAra karatA hU~ - 2 jassa ya pAya pasAe NaNaMta saMsAra jalahimuttiNo / vIriMdaNaM divaccho NamAmi taM abhayaNaMdi guruM // anya sthala para AcAryazrI likhate haiM ki abhayanandi ko zruta-samudra ke pAragAmI indranandi guru ko aura vIranandinAtha ko namaskAra karake prakRtiyoM ke pratyaya-kAraNa ko kahU~gA - maUNa abhayadi suda pAragiMdaNaMdi guruM / vara vIra maMdiNAhaM payaDINaM paccayaM vocchaM // 'labdhisAra' meM AcAryazrI ne likhA hai ki vIranandi aura indranaMdi ke vatsya aura abhayanandi ke ziSya alpajJAnI nemicandra ne darzanalabdhi aura cAritralabdhi kA kathana kiyA - vIriM daNaM divaccheNappasudeNabhayaNaM disisseNa / daMsaNa caritraladdhI su sUyimA NemicaMdeNa // ' kintu 'trilokasAra' meM unhoMne apane ko abhayanandi kA vatsya mAtra likhA hai| zeSa donoM AcAryoM kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA - - idi micaMdamuNiNANappa sudeNabhayaNaMdivaccheNa / raio tiloyasAro khamaMtu taM bahu sudAiriyA // - ukta granthoM kI prazastiyoM se spaSTa hai ki abhayanaMdi, vIranaMdi aura indranandi AcArya macandra ke guru the / ina tInoM meM se vIranaMdi to 'candraprabhacarita' ke racayitA jJAta hote haiM kyoMki unhoMne 'candraprabhacarita' kI prazasti meM apane ko abhayanandi kA ziSya batalAyA hai| "munijananutapAdaH prAstamithyApravAdaH sakalaguNa samRddhastasya ziSyaH prasiddhaH / abhavadabhayanandI jainadharmAbhinandI svamahimajita sindhu bhavya laukekabandhuH / bhavyAmbhoja vibodhanodyatamate rbhAsvatsamAnatviSaH ziSyastasya guNAkarasya sudhiyaH zrI vIranandItyabhUta / " abhayanaMdi hI nemicandra guru hone cAhie kyoMki kAlagaNanA se unakA vahI samaya AtA hai| isaprakAra abhayanaMdi ina sabameM jyeSTha tathA guru hone cAhie aura vIranandi, indranandi aura nemicandra unake ziSya / nemicandra sambhavatayA sabase choTe the aura unhoMne abhayanaMdi guru se adhyayana karane se pUrva vIranandi aura indranandi se bhI adhyayana kiyA thA / vastuta: AcArya nemicandra ke guru abhayanaMdi the aura vIranaMdi va indranaMdi unake gurubhAI the / AcArya nemicandra kA ziSyatva cAmuNDarAya ne grahaNa kiyA thaa| cAmuNDarAya gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamalla kA pradhAnamaMtrI aura senApati thA / usane aneka samaroM meM vijayazrI hAsila kI thI astu vaha 'vIramArtaNDa' khlaayaa| 'gommaTasAra' meM sammattarayaNanilaya - samyaktva ratnanilaya, guNarayaNa bhUSaNaM-guNaratnabhUSaNa, satyayudhiSThira, devarAja " Adi vizeSaNoM kA prayoga huA hai| cAmuNDarAya kA gharU nAma gommaTa thA / isIlie cAmuNDarAya ke dvArA sthApita bAhubali kI mUrti gomaTezvara
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 ke nAma se prasiddha huI / nemicandrAcArya ne apane 'gommaTasAra' nAmaka grantha kI racanA isI 'gommaTa' upanAmadhArI cAmuNDarAya ke lie kI thii| isaprakAra gaMganareza rAcamalla ke pradhAna saciva aura senApati cAmuNDarAya kA AcArya nemicandra ke sAtha abhinna sambandha rahA hai| AcArya nemicandra AgamazAstra ke abhijJAtA the| gommaTasAra, trilokasAra, labdhisAra aura kSapaNAsAra AcAryazrI kI prasiddha racanAe~ haiN| gommaTasAra SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalATIkA kA maMthana karake AcArya nemicandra ne 'gommaTasAra' grantha kI racanA kI thii| yaha grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai - jIvakANDa aura krmkaanndd| 'jIvakANDa' meM sAta sau cauMtIsa gAthAe~ haiM aura karmakANDa' meM nau sau bAsaTha gAthAe~ haiM / isa grantha para do saMskRta TIkAe~ - nemicandra kRta 'jIva pradIpikA' aura abhayacandra kRta 'mandaprabodhinI' bhI likhI gaI haiM / gommaTasAra kI kezavavarNI dvArA eka kannar3avRtti bhI upalabdha hai / ToDaramalajI ne 'samyagjJAna candrikA' nAma kI vacanikA likhI hai| TIkAkAroM ne gommaTasAra kA eka nAma aura bhI diyA hai 'pNcsNgrh'|" amitagati ke paMcasaMgraha ko dekhakara aura isameM usake anurUpa kathana dekhakara isa saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya nemicandra ne to grantha ke dUsare bhAga ke anta meM usakA nAma 'gommaTa' saMgraha sUtra' athavA 'gommaTasUtra' diyA hai| gommaTasAra nAma bhI TIkAoM meM prApta hai| ____ AcArya nemicandra ne 'gommaTasAra' ke prathama bhAga kI gAthA meM 'jIvassa paruvaNaMvocchaM' likhakara jIva kI prarUpaNA karane kI pratijJA kI hai aura dUsare bhAga kI pahalI gAthA meM karmaprakRtiyoM kA kathana karane kI pratijJA kI hai / ata: jIva aura karmaviSayaka kathanoM ke kAraNa prathama bhAga ko jIvakANDa aura dUsare bhAga ko karmakANDa kI saMjJA de dI gaI kintu AcAryazrI ne isa grantha ko do bhAgoM meM hI vinirmita kiyA hai kyoMki prathama bhAga ke anta meM usa gommaTa rAjA kI jayakAmanA kI gaI hai jisake lie 'gommaTasAra' racA gayA thA tathA dUsare bhAga ke anta meM cU~ki vaha gommaTasAra grantha kA antima bhAga hai isalie vizeSarUpa se gommaTa kA guNagAna kiyA gayA hai| 'gommaTasAra' ke 'jIvakANDa' kI dUsarI gAthA meM una bIsa prarUpaNAoM ko ginAyA hai jinake dvArA jIva kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, caudaha mArgaNAe~ aura upayoga viSayaka bIsa prarUpaNAe~ haiN| jIvasamAsa kA kathana aDatAlIsa gAthAoM meM hai| usameM sthAna, yoni, zarIra kI avagAhanA aura kuloM ke dvArA jIva samAsa kA kathana vistAra se kiyA hai| paryApti kA kathana gyAraha gAthAoM meM, prANoM kA kathana pA~ca gAthAoM meM, saMjJAoM kA kathana pA~ca gAthAoM meM hai, kevala svAmiyoM kA kathana 'jIvakANDa' meM vizeSa hai| 'jIvakANDa' ke mArgaNAoM ke kathana meM eka bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki usameM mArgaNAoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka indriya ke viSaya kA tathA indriyoM meM lage hue AtmapradezoM kA kathana vistAra se kiyA hai| kAyamArgaNA ke kathana meM kaI bAteM viziSTa haiM, jaise - trasoM kA vAsasthAna, nigodiyA jIvoM se apratiSThita zarIra aura sthAvara jIvoM ke zarIra kA aakaar| yogamArgaNA meM isI prakAra kaI viziSTa kathana haiN| kaSAyamArgaNA ke kathana meM 'jIvakANDa' meM zakti, lezyA aura AyubandhAbandha kI apekSA kaSAya ke bhedoM kA kathana kiyA
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________________ jainavidyA 19 gayA hai / jIvakANDa meM jJAnamArgaNA kA kathana to bejor3a hai| zrutajJAna ke bIsa bheda jo usameM batalAe haiM unakA kathana SaTkhaNDAgama ke vedanAkhaNDa aura usakI dhavalA TIkA se liyA gayA hai| yaha kathana zvetAmbara sAhitya meM sulabha nahIM hai| avadhijJAna ke bhedoM kA kathana bhI bahuta vistRta hai| isa kANDa meM lezyAoM kA kathana bahuta vistAra se kiyA hai| samyaktva mArgaNA meM samyaktva ke bhedoM kA tathA unake sambandha se chaha dravyoM aura nau padArthoM kA kathana vistAra liye hue hai| isameM tattvArtha sUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke sabhI Avazyaka kathana saMgRhIta haiN| isataraha 'jIvakANDa' meM gAgara meM sAgara bhara diyA hai| yaha kANDa vyavasthita, saMtulita aura paripUrNa hone ke kAraNa digambara sAhitya meM viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai| 4 'gommaTasAra' ke 'karmakANDa' ke do saMskaraNa - eka to rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaI kA aura dUsarA devakaraNa zAstramAlA upalabdha haiN| 'karmakANDa' meM nau adhikAra haiM- (1) prakRti samutkIrtana (2) bandhodayasatva, (3) satvasthAnabhaMga, (4) tricUlikA, (5) sthAna samutkIrtana, (6) pratyaya, ( 7 ) bhAvacUlikA, (8) trikaraNacUlikA aura (9) karmasthiti racanA | prakRti samutkIrtana kA artha hai - jisameM AThoM karmoM aura unakI uttara prakRtiyoM kA kathana ho / ataH 'karmakANDa' meM karmoM aura unakI vividha avasthAoM kA kathana hai / isa prathama adhikAra meM yaha batalAte hue ki jIva aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai karmoM ke ATha bhedoM ke nAma, unakA kArya, unakA krama, unakI uttara prakRtiyoM meM se kucha vizeSa prakRtiyoM kA svarUpa, bandhakRtiyoM, udayaprakRtiyoM aura satvaprakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA meM antara kA kAraNa; dezaghAtI sarvaghAtI puNya aura pApa prakRtiyA~; pudgalavipAkI, kSetravipAkI, bhavavipAkI aura jIvavipAkI prakRtiyA~; karma meM nikSepa yojanA Adi kA kathana chiyAsI gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| 'bandhodaya satvAdhikAra' meM karmoM ke bandha udaya aura satva kA kathana hai| 'satvasthAnabhaMga' prakaraNa meM satvasthAna kA bhaMgoM ke sAtha kathana hai - pratyeka guNasthAna meM prakRtiyoM kA satvasthAna kitane prakAra se sambhava hai aura usake sAtha jIva kisa Ayu ko bhogatA hai aura parabhava kI kisa-kisa Ayu ko bA~dhatA hai| 'tricUlikA adhikAra' meM tIna cUlikAe~ haiM navaprazna cUlikA, paMcabhAgahAra cUlikA aura dazakaraNa cUlikA / navaprazna cUlikA meM nau praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| ve nau prazna isaprakAra haiM- (1) udayavyucchitti ke pahale bandha kI vyucchitti kina prakRtiyoM kI hotI haiM? (2) udaya vyucchitti ke pIche bandha kI vyucchitti kina prakRtiyoM kI hotI hai ? (3) udaya vyucchitti ke sAtha bandha kI vyucchitti kina prakRtiyoM kI hotI hai ? (4) jinakA apanA udaya hone para bandha ho aisI prakRtiyA~ kaunasI haiM ? (5) jinakA anya prakRti kA udaya hone para bandha ho aisI prakRtiyA~ kaunasI haiM ? (6) jinakA apanA tathA anya prakRti kA udaya hone para bandha ho, ve prakRtiyA~ kaunasI haiM ? ( 7 ) jinakA nirantara baMdha hotA hai aisI prakRtiyA~ kaunasI haiM ? (8) jinakA sAntarabandha hotA hai arthAt kabhI bandha hotA hai aura kabhI nahIM hotA, ve prakRtiyA~ kaunasI haiM ? (9) jinakA nirantara bandha bhI hotA hai aura sAntarabandha bhI hotA hai ve prakRtiyAM kaunasI haiM ? ina nau praznoM ke samAdhAna bhI isa cUlikA meM die gae haiN|' paMcabhAgahAra cUlikA' meM udvelana, vidhyAta, adhaHpravRtta, guNasaMkrama aura sarvasaMkrama ina pA~ca bhAgahAroM kA kathana hai| ina bhAgahAroM ke dvArA jIvoM ke zubhAzubha karma apane pariNAmoM ke nimitta se anya prakRtirUpa pariNamana karate haiM / jaise zubha pariNAmoM kA nimitta - 1
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 pAkara ba~dhA huA asAtAvedanIya karma sAtA vedanIyarUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai| kisa-kisa karmaprakRti meM kauna-kauna bhAgahAra sambhava hai aura kisa-kisa bhAgahAra ke antargata kauna-kauna prakRtiyA~ haiM yaha saba bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI cU~ki pA~coM bhAgahAra eka bhAjaka rAzi ke tulya haiM ataH unakA paraspara meM alpabahutva bhI batalAyA gayA hai| 'dazakaraNa cUlikA' meM bandha, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa, udIraNA, sattA, udaya, upasama, nidhatti aura nikAcanA ina dasa karaNoM kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai aura batalAyA gayA hai - kauna karaNa kisa guNasthAna taka hotA hai| karaNa nAma kriyA kA hai - karmoM meM ye dasa kriyAe~ hotI haiM / karmaprakRti meM ina karaNoM kA svarUpa bahuta vistAra se varNita hai| 'bandhodaya satvayukta sthAna samutkIrtana' meM AThoM mUlakarmoM ko lekara aura phira pratyeka karma kI uttara prakRtiyoM ko lekara bandhasthAnoM, udayasthAnoM aura satvasthAnoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 'pratyayAdhikAra' meM karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA kathana hai / mUlakAraNa cAra haiM - mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yog| inake bheda krama se pA~ca, bAraha, paccIsa aura pandraha-kula sattAvana hote haiN| guNasthAnoM meM inhIM mUla aura uttara pratyayoM kA kathana isa adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM bandha ke kitane pratyaya hote haiM aura unake bhaGgoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| 'bhAvacUlikA' meM aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra, audayika aura pAriNAmika ina pA~ca bhAvoM kA tathA inake bhedoM kA kathana karake unake svasaMyogI bhaMgoM kA kathana guNasthAnoM meM kiyA gayA hai| 'trikaraNacUlikA' meM adha:karaNa aura apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa ina tIna karaNoM kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai| isa adhikAra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM pahale donoM karaNoM ke svarUpa ko aMka saMdRSTi ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai| karmasthitiracanAadhikAra' meM pratisamaya ba~dhanevAle karmaparamANuoM kA AThoM karmoM meM vibhAjana hone ke pazcAt pratyeka karmaprakRti ko prApta karmaniSakoM kI racanA usakI sthiti ke anusAra AbAdhAkAla ko chor3akara ho jAtI hai arthAt bandha ko prApta hue ve karmaparamANu udayakAla Ane para khirane prArambha ho jAte haiM aura antima sthiti paryanta khirate rahate haiN| unakI racanA ko hI karmasthiti kahate haiM usI kA kathana isa adhikAra meM hai| trilokasAra eka hajAra aThAraha gAthAoMvAlA 'trilokasAra' karaNAnuyoga kA prasiddha grantha hai| isa grantha kA AdhAra 'tiloyapaNNatI' aura 'tattvArthavArtika' hai| yaha grantha loka-sAmAnyAdhikAra, bhavanAdhikAra, vyantaralokAdhikAra, jyortilokAdhikAra, vaimAnikalokAdhikAra, manuSyatiryakalokAdhikAra nAmaka chaha adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| isa grantha meM jambUdvIpa, lavaNasamudra, mAnuSakSetra, bhavanavAsiyoM ke rahane ke sthAna, AvAsa, bhavana, Ayu, parivAra Adi kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / graha, nakSatra, prakIrNaka, tArA, sUrya evaM candra ke Ayu, vimAna, gati, parivAra Adi kA bhI sAMgopAMga varNana pAyA jAtA hai / svargoM ke sukha, vimAna evaM vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM kI zakti Adi kA bhI kathana AyA hai| triloka kI racanA ke sambandha meM sabhI prakAra kI jAnakArI isa grantha se prApta kI jA sakatI hai| labdhisAra yaha AcArya nemicandra kI gAthAbaddha tIsarI racanA hai| isake do saMskaraNa - eka rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaI se aura dUsarA haribhAI devakaraNa granthamAlA se prakAzita haiM / isa grantha meM chaha
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 sau unacAsa gAthAe~ haiM / 'labdhisAra' meM jIva ke karmabandhana se mukta hone kA upAya tathA prakriyA batalAI gaI hai| mokSa kI pAtratA jIva meM samyaktva kI prApti hone para hI mAnI jAtI hai kyoMki samyagdRSTi jIva hI mokSa prApta karatA hai tathA samyagdarzana hone ke pazcAt samyakcAritra kA bhI honA Avazyaka hai| ataH samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra kI labdhi arthAt prApti kA kathana hone se grantha kA nAma labdhisAra rakhA gayA hai| kSayopazama, vizuddhi, dezanA, prAyogya aura karaNalabdhi nAma kI pA~ca labdhiyoM meM se Arambha kI cAra labdhiyA~ to sarvasAdhAraNa ke hotI rahatI haiM kintu karaNalabdhi ke hone para hI samyaktva kI prApti hotI hai| kSapaNAsAra __ chaha sau tirepana gAthAoM vAle 'kSapaNAsAra' meM karmoM ko kSaya karane kI vidhi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha 'gommaTasAra' kA uttarArdharUpa hai| isa grantha kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki mAdhavacandra traivedya ne bAhulI maMtrI kI prArthanA para saMskRta TIkA likhakara pUrNa kii| 'kSapaNAsAra' para kevala paNDita ToDaramala racita bhASA-TIkA hI upalabdha hai| isaprakAra siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandra dArzanika abhijJAtA the| AcAryazrI ke. 'gommaTasAra' tathA 'labdhisAra' kI racanA ke pazcAt SaTkhaNDAgama aura kaSAyapAhuDa ke sAtha unakI TIkA dhavalA aura jayadhavalA ko bhI loga bhUla-se gae haiN| paravartIkAla meM siddhAnta-granthoM ko jo sthAna prApta thA dhIre-dhIre vaha AcArya nemicandra ke 'gommaTasAra' ko mila gyaa| 1. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 397 / 2. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 4361 3. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 785 / 4. labdhisAra, gAthA 6481 5. trilokasAra, gAthA 1018 / 6. candraprabhacarita, chaMdAMka 3 evaM prazasti / 7. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 1 / 8. gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 1 / 9. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 45 / 10. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 258 / 11. 'gommaTasAranAmadheya paMcasaMgrahaM zAstraM prArambha mANaH' - mandaprabodhinITIkA, pRSTha 3 / 12. gommaTasaMgaha suttaM - karmakANDa, gAthA 965 aura 968 / 13. gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 139 / 14. 'samyagdarzana-samyakacAritrayorlabdhiH prAptiryasmin pratipAdyate sa labdhi sArAkhyo grnthH|' - labdhisAra ttiikaa| maMgalakalaza 394, sarvodayanagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha - 202001 (u.pra.)
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________________ jainavidyA 19 aprela 1997-1998 7 karma - siddhAMta ke jJAtA nemicandrAcArya vyaktitva evaM kartRtva - - DaoN. rAjendrakumAra baMsala jainadarzana bahuAyAmI darzana haiM, jisameM jIva- pudgala Adi chaH dravya, brahmAMDa, vizvavyavasthA, du:kha-sukha evaM baMdha - mokSa kA svarUpa aura usase mukta hone kA upAya Adi ke sambandha meM kAraNa-kAryasahita tarka-AdhArita vyavasthA kI gaI hai| anAdi - ananta vizva ke dravyoM kA svabhAva yA dharma nirUpita karanevAlA jainadharma bhI anAdi - ananta hai| isakA pratipAdana tIrthaMkaroM dvArA apane samaya kI AvazyakatA ke saMdarbha meM kiyA jAtA rahA hai| isa yuga ke aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra the| bhagavAna mahAvIraM ke upadeza ko paravartI AcAryoM ne cAra anuyogoM / bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA - 1. caraNAnuyoga, 2. dravyAnuyoga, 3. karaNAnuyoga evaM 4. prathamAnuyoga / isameM caraNAnuyoga kA sambandha AcaraNa se hai, dravyAnuyoga kA sambandha tattvajJAna evaM anubhUti se hai / karaNAnuyoga gaNitAtmaka karma - siddhAMta evaM vizvadarzana se sambandhita hai tathA prathamAnuyoga meM tIrthaMkaroM evaM anya zalAkA ( mahApuruSoM) kA jIvanacaritra hai / inameM karaNAnuyoga kA viSaya atyanta sUkSma, vyApaka evaM duruha hai / jaina darzana ke mUla siddhAMta ke rUpa meM 'kaSAya pAhuDa' nAmaka prathama grantha kI racanA IsA kI prathama zatAbdI meM AcArya guNadhara ne kI thI / isake pazcAt isI zatAbdI meM AcArya dvaya puSpadanta
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 evaM bhUtabalI ne 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI racanA kI / yativRSabha AcArya ne 'kaSAya pAhuDa' para cUrNi sUtra likhe| ye racanAe~ kevalI -kathita karaNAnuyoga ke karma siddhAMta ke gUr3ha rahasyoM se sambandhita haiN| ina donoM granthoM kI vizada TIkA/vyAkhyA 9vIM zatAbdI meM AcArya vIrasena dvArA kI gaI, jo kramaza: jayadhavalA aura dhavalA ke nAma se prasiddha huiiN| ye TIkA- grantha apane Apa meM svataMtra evaM paripUrNa grantha jaise haiM / jaina dharmAvalambiyoM dvArA karaNAnuyoga ke ina granthoM kA paThana-pAThana nirbAdha calatA rhaa| cUMki karaNAnuyoga ke ukta grantha atyanta sUkSma evaM jaTila haiM, ata: paravartI AcAryoM dvArA yaha prayAsa kiyA jAtA rahA ki usake rahasya ko janasAmAnya ke samajhane yogya bhASA meM vyakta kiyA jAye / 8 isa uddezya kI pUrti gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI dvArA kI gii| unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama evaM usakI dhavalA TIkA tathA kaSAyapAhuDa evaM usakI jayadhavalA TIkA kA gahana evaM sUkSma adhyayana kara unake AdhAra para 'gommaTasAra' (dvitIya nAma paMcasaMgraha) tathA 'labdhisAra' granthoM kI racanA kii| inake alAvA unhoMne 'trilokasAra' kI bhI racanA kii| ina racanAoM meM nemicandrAcArya ne gAgara meM sAgara bharane kI kahAvata caritArtha kI hai| gommaTasAra karmakANDa kI gAthA (397 meM) unhoMne ghoSaNA kI ki jisa prakAra cakravartI cakraratna se chaH khaNDoM ko nirvighna sAdhatA/ jItatA hai, usI prakAra maiMne ( nemicandra ne) buddhi-rUpI cakra se jIvasthAna, kSudrakabaMdha, baMdhasvAmI, vedanAM khaNDa, vargaNA khaNDa evaM mahAbaMdha - ina cha: khaNDoM ke siddhAMta ko samyak rUpa se sAdha liyA hai| jaha cakkeNayacakkI, chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM aviggheNa / taha maicakkeNa mayA, chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM sammaM // 397 // jIvana paricaya nemicandra siddhAMta cakravartI kA samaya 989 IsvI ke lagabhaga hai / ve pratibhAsampanna, medhAvI, adhyAtmarasika evaM (jainadarzana meM ) karma - siddhAMta ke pAragAmI AcArya the| ve gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamalla ke maMtrI evaM senApati cAmuNDArAya ke guru the / cAmuNDarAya ke ghara kA upanAma 'gommaTa' thaa| isI se zravaNabelagola meM unake dvArA sthApita bhagavAna bAhubalI kI mUrti 'gommaTezvara ' (gommaTa arthAt cAmuNDarAya ke Izvara) ke nAma se prasiddha huI / nemicandra AcArya ne apanI kRti kA nAma bhI 'gommaTasAra' rakhA, jo unakI jijJAsAoM kI pUrti hetu banAI thI / cAmuNDarAya atyanta parAkramI aura vIra the| unhoMne aneka yuddha jIte the| isa kAraNa unheM aneka upAdhiyA~ milI thiiN| ve jainadarzana ke marmajJa, jJAtA evaM dharmapremI the / gommaTasAra grantha meM AcArya nemicandra ne unheM 'samyakatva ratna nilaya', 'guNaratna bhUSaNa', 'satya yudhiSThira' evaM 'devarAja' jaise vizeSaNoM se sambodhita kiyA hai / cAmuNDarAya ne maisUra ke zravaNabelagola kI viMdhyagiri tarAza karavAkara I. san 981 (vikrama saMvat 1038 ) meM bhagavAna bAhubalI kI 57 phITa U~cI mUrti sthApita kii| yaha mUrti 'dakSiNa kukkuTajina' ke nAma se prasiddha huI / uttara bhArata meM bharata cakravartI ne bhagavAna bAhubalI kI mUrti sthApita kI thI jo 'uttarakukkuTa jina' ke nAma
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 se pukArI jAtI thii| isake alAvA viMdhyagiri ke sAmane caMdragiri para cAmuNDarAya vasati ke nAma se eka sundara jaina maMdira bnvaayaa| isameM eka hAtha U~cI iMdranIlamaNi kI zrI neminAtha bhagavAna kI mUrti sthApita kI thI (gAthA 968) / nemicandrAcArya ne gommaTasAra kI gAthA 966 se 969 evaM 971 se 972 meM cAmuNDarAya upanAma gommaTa rAjA kA guNagAna kiyA hai, jo paThanIya hai / gommaTasAra kI aMtima gAthA 972 ke anusAra vIra gommaTa rAjA ne gommaTasAra grantha ke sUtra kI dezI bhASA meM TIkA kii| unhoMne vi.saM. 1035 meM cAmuNDarAya purANa bhI likhaa| isa prakAra cAmuNDarAya na kevala vIra senApati-mahAmAtya the apitu ve adhyAtmapriya TIkAkAra/sAhityakAra evaM samarpita jaina zrAvaka bhI the| unakA jIvana-darzana, jaina-dharmAvalambiyoM ke lie preraNA-srota hai jo senApati hokara bhI sAhityakAra the aura ahiMsA dharma kA pAlana karate the| kRtiyA~ evaM guru nemicandrAcArya ne karaNAnuyoga ke gommaTasAra, labdhisAra evaM trilokasAra siddhAMta granthoM kI racanA kii| gommaTasAra do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai, ve jIvakANDa - karmakANDa ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / labdhisAra bhI labdhisAra - kSapaNAsAra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| unake isa yogadAna ke kAraNa unheM 'siddhAMtacakravartI' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gyaa| __ nemicaMdrAcArya ne AcArya abhayanaMdi, vIranaMdi evaM iMdranaMdi ko apanA guru batAyA hai| karmakANDa gAthA 436 meM unhoMne apane ko zAstrazikSA-dAyaka AcArya vIranaMdI kA vatsa ziSya evaM AcArya abhayanaMdi ko zruta guru ke rUpa meM namaskAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra gAthA 785 meM abhayanaMdi munIzvara bahuzAstra ke pAragAmI iMdranaMdi guru evaM utkRSTa vIranaMdi svAmI guruoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| labdhisAra kI aMtima do gAthAoM arthAt 652 evaM 653 meM bhI ukta tInoM AcArya guruoM ko zraddhAvanat namaskAra kiyA hai jinhoMne apane ziSya nemicaMdra ko jJAna-dAna dvArA poSita kiyA hai aura inake caraNoM ke prasAda se ve anaMta saMsAra se pAra hue| inameM AcArya abhayanaMdi siddhAMtazAstroM ke jJAtA the, ve AcArya nemicaMdra ke zikSA-dIkSA guru the jabaki vIranaMdi evaM indranaMdi kA unale variSTha zikSA guru honA pratIta hotA hai| ye donoM AcArya jaina karma-siddhAMta ke pAragAmI vidvAna the| 1. gommaTasAra _ 'gommaTasAra' siddhAMtacakravartI AcArya nemicaMdra kI mahatvapUrNa kRti hai / isa grantha kI racanA kA uddezya tIrthaMkara vIra-vardhamAna ke upadeza ke anusAra jJAnAvaraNAdika karmoM kI nirjarA evaM tattvoM ke svarUpa kA nizcaya dhAraNa karanA hai (gAthA 965) / isa grantha kA racanA-kAla vikrama saMvat 1040 honA pratIta hotA hai| AcArya amitagati ne apane paMcasaMgraha (vi.saM. 1073) meM gommaTasAra grantha kI viSaya-sAmagrI kA upayoga kiyA hai| jaise - prathama adhyAya meM 363 matoM kI utpatti evaM karmakANDa meM kAla, Izvara, AtmA, niyati aura svabhAva kA lakSaNa Adi gommaTasAra ke anuvAda mAtra pratIta hote haiN|
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________________ 0 jainavidyA - 19 (a) gommaTasAra jIvakANDa , jIvakAMDa meM 734 gAthAyeM haiM / nemicandra AcArya ne jIvakAMDa kI pahalI gAthA meM 'jIvassaparuvaNaM vocchaM' kahakara jIva-prarUpaNA karane kI pratijJA kii| isa grantha meM cetanA evaM cAra prANoM arthAt bala, iMdriya, Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa se jInevAle jIva kI gahana khoja kI hai| svabhAva se jJAna-darzana-upayogamayI siddha samAna yaha jIva anAdi kAla se 'moha-joga bhavA' (jIva kANDa gAthA 3) arthAt moha (darzana moha aura cAritra moha) tathA yoga (mana, vacana aura kAya) ke kAraNa saMsAra meM duHkha bhoga rahA hai aura 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM bhaTaka rahA hai| Atma-siddhi hetu aise saMsArI jIvoM kI khoja bIsa prarUpaNAoM arthAt bIsa mAdhyamoM se kI gaI hai| ve haiM - guNasthAna, jIva-samAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, upayoga aura caudaha mArgaNAe~ / gati, iMdriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAna, saMyama, darzana, lezyA, bhavya, samyaktva, saMjJI aura AhAra ye caudaha mArgaNAe~ haiM / isa prakAra ina bIsa mAdhyamoM se jIva kI vividha dazAoM, bhAvoM evaM saMsAra meM usakI sthiti kA vyApaka vyavasthita evaM sUkSma varNana kiyA hai, jo mUlataH paThanIya-mananIya hai| siddha bhagavAna guNasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna Adi se rahita haiN| jIvakANDa meM 22 adhikAra haiM / prathama pA~ca kramazaH (1) guNasthAna, (2) jIvasamAsa, (3) paryApti, (4) prANa aura (5) saMjJA se sambandhita haiN| chaThe adhikAra se unnIsavAM adhikAra ukta caudaha mArgaNAoM se saMbaMdhita hai / bIsavAM adhikAra upayoga kA hai / ikkIsavAM antarabhAvAdhikAra hai aura bAisavAM AlApa-adhikAra hai| guNasthAna prarUpaNA moha-yoga ke nimitta se jIva ke zraddhA aura cAritraguNa kI tAratamyarUpa avasthA kA nAma guNasthAna hai / guNasthAna caudaha haiM - (1) mithyAdRSTi, (2) sAsAdana samyagdRSTi, (3) mizrabhAva, (4) avirati samyagdRSTi, (5) dezavirata, (6) pramatta saMyata, (7) apramatta saMyata, (8) apUrvakaraNa, (9) anivRttikaraNa, (10) sUkSma sAMparAya, (11) upazAMta moha, (12) kSINamoha, (13) sayogakevalIjina aura (14) ayogkevliijin| inameM prathama cAra guNasthAna darzana moha ke udaya, upazama, kSayopazama yA kSaya se sambandhita haiM / pA~caveM se terahaveM guNasthAna taka cAritramoha ke upazama, kSayopazama evaM kSaya se sambandhita haiM / 14vA~ guNasthAna yoga ke abhAva se sambandhita hai| prathama guNasthAna adhikAra kI 69 gAthAoM meM inakA sUkSma varNana hai| zuddhopayoga dvArA moha ke upazama, kSayopazama yA kSaya se kramazaH karmoM kA kSaya hokara vItarAgatA pragaTa hotI jAtI hai aura aMtataH siddhatva kI prApti hotI hai| jIva-samAsa prarUpaNA ____ saMsAra ke nAnA jIva aura unakI nAnA prakAra kI jAtiyA~ jina 'dharma-vizeSoM ke dvArA jAnI jAtI haiM ve jIva-samAsa kahalAte haiN| trasa-sthAvara, bAdara-sUkSma, paryApta-aparyApta aura pratyekasAdhAraNa ye cAra jIva-samAsa haiN| ekendriya ke bAdara-sUkSma, do-tIna evaM cAra iMdriya ke jIva, paMcendriya ke saMjJI-asaMjJI isa prakAra sAta bheda hue| inake paryApta-aparyApta rUpa caudaha bheda hote haiN| isI prakAra 19, 56 evaM 407 prakAra kA jIva-samAsa hotA hai| jIva-samAsa meM jIva kA
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________________ jainavidyA utpatti-sthAna yoni, zarIra kA AkAra-prakAra, kula Adi kA varNana hai / sarva jIvoM kI caurAsI lAkha yoni evaM eka sau sAr3he niNyANave lAkha karor3a kula hote haiN| jinakA jIva- samAsa meM 70 se 117 gAthAoM meM vizada varNana hai / - 19 11 paryApti prarUpaNA nAma, karma ke udaya se jIva ko pratyeka yoni meM zarIra, zvAsocchvAsa, iMdriya, AhAra, bhASA aura mana inakA nirmANa jIva kI paryAya meM yogyatAnusAra hotA hai| jaba inakA nirmANa pUrNa ho jAtA hai, taba jIva paryApta kahalAtA hai aura apUrNatA ko aparyApta kahate haiN| jIva kI bhinna-bhinna jAtiyoM meM bhinna-bhinna paryApti-aparyApti kA varNana gAthA 118 se 128 taka kiyA gayA hai| tathA kisa paryApti-aparyApti meM kaunasA guNasthAna hogA yaha bhI batAyA hai / prANa prarUpaNA jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazama se utpanna jIva kA caitanya upayoga bhAvaprANa hai jabaki pA~ca iMdriya, mana, vacana, kAya, Ayu va zvAsocchvAsa- ye dasa vyavahAra prANa haiM, jo matijJAnAvaraNa evaM vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazama aura nAma karma evaM Ayu karma ke udaya prApta hote haiN| gAthA 129 se 133 taka kisa jAti ke jIva ke kitane prANa hoMge isakA vivecana hai / saMjJA prarUpaNA vAMchA yA tRSNA hI saMjJA hai jo sabhI saMsArI jIvoM meM pAyI jAtI hai| AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha- ye cAra saMjJAe~ hotI haiN| saMjJA kA kAraNa aura svAmitva Adi kA varNana gAthA saMkhyA 134 se 139 meM hai| saMjJA tat sambandhita karma kI udaya udIraNA se utpanna hotI hai / Age moharUpI bairI kI hatyA karane hetu caudaha mArgaNA aura usake bheda Adi kA varNana prArambha meM kiyA hai| mArgaNA (1) gati mArgaNA - gamana karanA hI gati hai| nAmakarma ke udaya se jIva kA cAra gatiyoM arthAt deva, manuSya, tiryaMca naraka gati meM gamana karate rahanA hI gati hai / gAthA 140 se 163 taka cAra gatiyoM ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 1 (2) iMdriya mArgaNA - iMdra arthAt AtmA ko jAnane kA jo cihna hai vaha iMdriya hai / iMdriyA~ apane-apane viSaya - sevana meM svataMtra haiM / iMdriyA~ pA~ca hotI haiN| gAthA 164 se 180 taka iMdriyoM ke bheda, prabheda, svAmI, kSetra, saMkhyA, avagAhanA Adi kA varNana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| (3) kAya mArgaNA - kAya kA sAmAnya artha zarIra hai| nAmakarma ke udaya se trasa - sthAvara jIvoM ko jo paryAya prApta hotI hai vaha kAya hai| kAya ke chaH prakAra haiM- pRthvI kAya, apa kAya, teja kAya, vAyu kAya, vanaspati kAya aura trasa kAya / gAthA 181 se 215 taka cha: kAya ke jIvoM bheda-prabheda, pratiSThita - apratiSThita, bAdara - sUkSma, paryApta aparyApta jIvoM kI saMkhyA, trasoM kA vAsa sthAna, zarIra kA AkAra Adi kA vistRta varNana hai / (4) yoga mArgaNA - 'yujyate iti yoga : ' jo sambandha arthAt saMyoga ko prApta ho use yoga kahate haiN| nAmakarma ke udaya se prApta mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti se AtmA ke pradeza caMcala yA
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 spaMdita hote haiM, jo karma-vargaNA ke grahaNa meM nimitta hotI hai / yaha pariNAmoM ke anusAra zubha aura azubha rUpa hotI hai| Atma- pradezoM kI caMcala rUpa pravRtti se karmoM kA Agamana evaM eka kSetrAvagAha rUpa sambandha hotA hai, vaha spaMdana yoga kahalAtA hai| gAthA 216 se 270 taka mana yoga, vacana yoga aura kAya yoga svarUpa bheda-prabheda, yoga kA kAla, pravRtti, sthiti evaM yogarahita AtmA kA varNana hai| 12 (5) veda mArgaNA - ' vedanaM veda:' jo vedA jAye, anubhava kiyA jAye, use veda kahate haiM / isakA dUsarA artha hai liMga yA cihna / veda nAma ke mohanIya karma ke udaya se utpanna honevAle jIva ke vedyabhAva hote haiM jisase ve kAma-vikAra ko prApta hote | veda tIna prakAra kA hai - puruSa veda, strI veda aura napuMsaka veda / gAthA 271 se 281 taka bhAva evaM dravya veda kA vidhAna, lakSaNa, tInoM vedoM ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA, avedI jIva kA varNana Adi kiyA hai| vedabhAva 9 veM guNasthAna ke dUsare bhAga taka hotA hai / siddha bhagavAna vedarahita, avedI haiN| ve AtmA ke atIndriya, anaMta jJAna darzana, sukha Adi ke bhoktA haiM / (6) kaSAya mArgaNA - AtmA ke rAga-dveSarUpa kaluSitabhAva ko kaSAya kahate haiM / sukhaduHkharUpI nAnA prakAra ke dhAnya ko utpanna karanevAle kSetra ko jo karSaNa karatI hai, arthAt phala utpanna karane yogya karatI hai, unheM kaSAya kahate haiM / lakSaNa kI apekSA artha meM 'kapaMtIti kaSAyAH' arthAt jo kase, haMte yA ghAta kare vaha kaSAya hai| mUla kaSAya cAra haiM - krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha / inameM krodha aura mAna dveSarUpa haiM tathA mAyA aura lobha rAgarUpa haiM / Asakti arthAt anubhAga kI tIvratA - maMdatA kI dRSTi se ye kaSAyeM cAra prakAra kI haiM - anaMtAnubaMdhI, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa aura saMjvalana kaSAya / isa prakAra cAroM kaSAyeM ina cAracAra bhedoM se solaha prakAra kI haiN| ye kaSAyeM cAritra moha - parivAra kI hai, jinakA udaya-sthAna asaMkhyAta lokapramANa hone se kaSAya-bhAva bhI asaMkhyAta lokapramANa hote haiM / lezyAsthAna kI dRSTi se 14 aura Ayu, bala, baMdha, abaMdha kI dRSTi se 20 kaSAyeM haiM / anaMtAnubaMdhI krodhAdi tattvArtha zraddhAnarUpa samyaktva (svarUpAcaraNa cAritra) ko ghAtate haiM, aura anaMta saMsAra kA kAraNa mithyAtva tathA anaMta saMsAra avasthArUpa kAla se anubaMdha karAte haiM / apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya aNuvratarUpa deza- cAritra ko ghAtatI hai / AvRtta karatI hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya mahAvrata rUpa sakala- cAritra ko ghAtatI hai / AvRtta karatI hai, tathA saMjvalana kaSAya, sakala kaSAya ke abhAvarUpa yathAkhyAta cAritra ko ghAtatI hai/dahana karatI hai| gAthA 282 se 298 taka kaSAya kA svarUpa, bheda-prabheda, cAra gatiyoM kI prApti meM bhinna-bhinna kaSAyoM kA yogadAna evaM jIvoM kI saMkhyA, kAla kA varNana Adi kiyA gayA hai| kaSAya mArgaNA meM ekendriya, mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna se lekara apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna taka krodhAdi cAroM kaSAyeM pAI jAtI haiN| krodha, mAna aura mAyA krama se ghaTatI huI anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna meM dUsare-tIsare aura cauthe bhAgaparyaMta haiM aura lobha sUkSma sAMparAya- paryaMta hai / isa prakAra krodha, mAna, mAyA nauveM guNasthAna taka tathA lobha dasaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai / siddha bhagavAna sarva kaSAyarahita-akaSAyI hote haiN|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 13 yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki samyaktva kA pratibaMdhaka mithyAtva darzana mohanIya parivAra kA hai jabaki krodhAdi kaSAe~ cAritra moha parivAra kI haiN| inake svabhAva aura kArya bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke haiN| anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAe~ samyaktva aura cAritra kA ghAta karatI haiN| yaha unakI dvi-svamAnatA hai| vastutaH kaSAyoM se tattva-zraddhAnarUpa samyaktva kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai kintu jaba mithyAtva kA abhAva hokara samyaktva prApta hotA hai taba anaMtAnubandhI kaSAe~ udaya meM nahIM rhtiiN| anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAyoM kI dvi-svamAnatA kA lakSaNa sAsAdana guNasthAna meM prakaTa hotA hai, jahA~ mithyAtva prakRti kA udaya na hone se jIva ko mithyAtva to nahIM hotA kintu kisI eka anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya ke udaya se samyaktva kA nAza ho jAtA hai| (7) jJAna mArgaNA - jIvAdi chaha dravyoM, unake guNoM aura paryAyoM ko pratyakSa-parokSa-rUpa se jAnanevAlA AtmA kA guNa jJAna kahalAtA hai| 'jAnAti jJAyate'nena jJAtimAtraMvA jnyaanN'| jo jAnatA hai vaha jJAna hai, jisake dvArA jAnA jAye so jJAna hai aura jAnanA mAtra jJAna hai / jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA sva-para prakAzaka hai| savikalpa/sAkAra upayoga-ye bhI jJAna ke nAma haiM / mokSamArga meM jJAna kI hI vizeSa bhUmikA hai| svAnubhUtipUrvaka AtmasvabhAva ke prati zraddhAna-jJAna evaM sthiratA hI mokSamArga hai| jJAna ke pA~ca bheda haiM - matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna evaM kevljnyaan| inameM prathama cAra jJAna kSAyopazamika haiM, kevalajJAna kSAyika hai / ye pA~ca jJAna sujJAna kahalAte haiM / kumati, kuzruta evaM kuavidhajJAna ye tIna mithyAjJAna haiM jo mithyAtva sAsAdana aura mizra guNasthAna taka hote haiM / isa prakAra jJAnamArgaNA ke ATha bheda hue| gAthA 299 se 464 meM jJAna kA lakSaNa, bhedaprabheda, svAmitva, jJAnI-ajJAnI jIvoM kI saMkhyA, guNasthAna Adi kA bejor3a varNana kiyA hai jo anyatra durlabha hai| bAraha aMga aura caudaha pUrva ke akSara, padoM, viSaya Adi kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| mati, zruta aura avadhijJAna cauthe guNasthAna avirata samyagdRSTi se bArahaveM guNasthAna kSINamoha taka hote haiN| manaHparyaya jJAna chaThe pramatta guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna kSINamoha taka hotA hai| kevalajJAna terahaveM gaNasthAna meM hotA hai| mokSamArga meM AtmAnubhUtipUrvaka AtmajJAna hI sujJAna kahalAtA hai, zeSa mohayukta jJAna, kujJAna kI zreNI meM AtA hai / vastutaH moha (mithyAtva) ke saMyoga aura viyoga se jJAna, kujJAna-sujJAna kahalAtA hai| isI prakAra mokSamArga meM AtmajJAna vihIna Agama-jJAna akiMcitkara hotA hai| (8) saMyama mArgaNA - 'samyakayamo va saMyama' samyaka prakAra se yama arthAt niyama hI saMyama hai| ahiMsAdi vrata, IryAdi samiti, krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA nigraha, tIna gupti evaM sparzanAdi pA~ca iMdriyoM kA jItanA, ina pA~ca vratoM kA dhAraNa karanA hI saMyama hai| zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna nizcaya saMyama hai| isa prakAra saMyama-nizcaya saMyama aura vyavahAra saMyama rUpa hai| Agama meM ise vItarAga saMyama evaM sarAga saMyama kahA gayA hai| vyavahAra meM ise iMdriya-saMyama aura prANI-saMyama rUpa meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi, sUkSmasAMparAya aura yathAkhyAta - saMyama ke ye pA~ca bheda haiN| saMyamAsaMyama aura asaMyama milAkara inake dhAraka saMyata ke kula sAta bheda bhI
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________________ 14 jainavidyA - 19 Agama meM prasiddha haiN| gAthA 465 se 481 taka saMyama ke bheda-prabheda, utpatti kA kAraNa gyAraha pratimA, iMdriyoM ke viSaya tathA saMyata-asaMyata jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| asaMyama-bhAva, cAritra mohanIya karma ke udaya-udIraNA se hote haiM, jisase jIva kI pravRtti svacchaMda hokara saMsAra-duHkha kA kAraNa banatI hai| samitiyoM ke sAtha vratoM kA pAlana saMyama kahalAtA hai| samitiyoM ke binA vrata, virati kahalAtA hai| asaMyama-pahale mithyAtva guNasthAna se cauthe avirata samyaktva guNasthAna taka hotA hai| saMyamAsaMyama pA~caveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| sAmAyika evaM chedopasthApanAsaMyama pramattasaMyama se anivRttikaraNa guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| parihAra-vizuddhi saMyama pramatta-apramatta guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| sUkSma sAMparAyasaMyama sUkSma sAMparAya guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai tathA yathAkhyAtasaMyama upazAMta mohAdika cAroM guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai / siddha bhagavAna ko iMdriya saMyama aura prANI saMyama nahIM hotA, ve svarUpalInatArUpa nizcaya saMyama ke dhAraka hote haiN| (9) darzana mArgaNA - padArtha ke sAmAnya sattAvalokana kA nAma darzana hai / isameM jAti, kriyA, guNa Adi vizeSa ko grahaNa nahIM krte| pazyati dRzyate'nena dRSTimAtra vA darzanam' jo dekhatA hai, jisake dvArA dekhA jAye athavA dekhanAmAtra hI darzana hai| isake cAra bheda haiM - cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevldrshn| gAthA 482 se 488 taka darzana ke svarUpa, bheda, jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA varNana kiyA gyaa| cakSudarzana - cAra iMdriya jIva se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| acakSudarzana sthAvara kAya mithyAdRSTi jIva se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| avadhidarzana caturtha guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| kevaladarzana ayoga-sayoga kevalI guNasthAnoM meM evaM guNasthAnAtIta siddhadazA taka hotA hai| (10) lezyA mArgaNA - 'lipati etayAiti lezyA' jo liMpana/lipta karatI hai vaha lezyA hai, arthAt jo jIva ko karmoM se lipta karatI hai use lezyA kahate haiM / kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita jIva kI mana-vacana-kAyarUpa yoga kI pravRtti kA nAma lezyA hai| lezyA do prakAra kI hai - bhAva lezyA aura dravya leshyaa| jisase cAra prakAra ke karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai, use bhAva lezyA kahate haiM / zarIra kA kRSNAdi varNa dravya lezyA hai| lezyA chaH prakAra kI hai - kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma aura zukla / inameM kRSNa, nIla aura kApota azubha lezyA hai aura pIta, padma aura zukla zubha lezyA kahalAtI hai| kaSAya va yoga ke udaya se utpanna hone se lezyA audayika bhAva hai| yoga va kaSAya kI pravRtti tIvra, maMda evaM maMdatara hotI hai| jisake anusAra jIva kI puNyapApa-rUpa pravRtti hotI hai| lezyA kaSAyoM kI tIvratA-maMdatA kI sUcaka hai| gAthA 489 se 556 taka lezyA kA svarUpa bheda-prabheda, svAmitva Adi kA vistRta varNana (1) nirdeza, (2)varNa, (3) pariNAma, (4) saMkrama, (5) karma, (6) lakSaNa, (7) gati, (8) svAmI, (9) sAdhana, (10) saMkhyA, (11) kSetra, (12) sparzana, (13) kAla, (14) aMtara, (15) bhAva aura (16) alpa-bahutva - ina solaha adhikAroM meM kiyA gayA hai, jo mUlataH paThanIya hai|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 15 anaMtAnubaMdhI aura apratyAkhyAna kaSAyoM kI chaH lezyA hone se 24-24 lezyA hotI haiN| pratyAkhyAna aura saMjvalana kaSAya ko pIta, padma aura zukla lezyA hone ke kAraNa 12-12 bheda hote haiM / dukhasvarUpa kRSNa, nIla, kApota lezyA ke bhAva asaMyataguNasthAna taka hote haiM / pA~caveM guNasthAna se 10 veM guNasthAna taka kramazaH yathAyogya tIna zubha lezyAe~ hotI haiM / chahoM dravya lezyAe~ to sayoga-ayoga kevalI guNasthAna taka hotI haiM / zukla lezyA ke jIva sarvArthasiddhi sahita paMca anuttara vimAna taka utpanna hote haiM / siddha bhagavAna kRSNAdi lezyArahita-alezya haiM kyoMki unake moha Adi dravya karma, bhAva karma aura no karmoM kA abhAva hotA hai| ve siddhapurI meM anaMta avyAbAdha, atIndriya sukha kA vedana karate haiN| (11) bhavya mArgaNA - siddha arthAt anaMta catuSTayarUpa svarUpa dhAraNa karane yogya honahAra jIva bhavya kahalAte haiN| jinameM siddhi kI yogyatA nahIM hotI aura jo mukta nahIM hoMge ve abhavya jIva haiN| bhavya mArgaNA ke tIna bheda haiM - bhavya, dUrAndUra bhavya aura abhavya / jIvatva pAriNAmika bhAva dhAraNa karanevAle mukta jIva na bhavya haiM aura na abhavya / gAthA 557 se 560 taka bhavya-abhavya ke svarUpa bheda, bhavya-abhavya jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA varNana kiyA hai| __(12) samyaktva mArgaNA - sarvajJadeva dvArA kathita jIvAdika chahoM dravya, pA~ca astikAya aura nau padArtha kA zraddhAna, ruci aura yathAvata pratIti hI samyaktava hai| 'tatvArtha zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam' evaM 'tattvaruci samyaktva' kA eka hI bhAva hai| sarvajJa-kathita, Apta, Agama aura padArthoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyaktva hai / yaha do prakAra kA hai - 1. sarAga samyaktva aura 2. vItarAga smyktv| prazama, saMvega, astikya Adi guNasahita zraddhAna sarAga samyaktva hai aura kevala zuddha caitanya Atma-tatva-kA zraddhAnarUpa vizuddhatA vItarAga samyaktva hai| AtmA meM samyaktva kI utpatti nirvikalpa AtmAnubhUtipUrvaka hotI hai| usa kAla meM darzana mohanIya karma kA upazama, kSayopazama yA kSaya hotA hai| samyaktva prApti ke samaya cAritra mohanIya karma kI anaMtAnubaMdhI cAra kaSAyoM kA upazama yA visaMyojana hotA hai, aisA niyama hai| samyaktva meM zuddhAtmA kA zraddhAna, ruci evaM aMtaraMga meM tadanusAra abhiprAyaH mahatvapUrNa hai| samyaktva ke binA Agama jJAna, cAritra, vrata, tapa Adi kAryakArI nahIM haiN| cAroM gatiyoM ke paMcedriya saMjJI, paryApta, vizuddha pariNAmoM yukta zubha . lezyAdhArI bhavya jIvoM ko nisarga arthAt sva-pariNAma aura adhigama arthAt upadeza ke nimitta se samyaktva hotA hai| samyaktva mArgaNA ke chaha bheda haiM - mithyAtva, mohanIya, samyak mithyAtva mohanIya, samyak mohanIya, aupazamika samyaktva, kSAyopazamika samyaktva evaM kSAyika samyaktva / inameM prathama do prakRtiyA~ sarvaghAtI haiM aura samyak mohanIya dezaghAtI hai| samyagmithyAtva mohanIya evaM samyak mohanIya kA baMdha nahIM hotA, ye satva aura udaya rUpa prakRtiyA~ haiM / karma bhUmi meM utpanna manuSya ko kSAyika samyaktva kevalI bhagavAna ke pAda mUla meM hotA hai / kSAyika aura aupazamika samyaktva kI nirmalatA samAna hai; kintu kSAyika nizcala bhI hotA hai| kSAyopazamika samyaktva cala, mala, agAr3ha lakSaNasahita samala hotA hai / anAdi mithyAdRSTi jIva ko sarvaprathama prathamopazama samyaktva hotA hai| isakA aMtaramuhUrttakAla hone ke bAda mithyAtva prakRti kA udaya hone para pahale guNasthAna
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 meM, anaMtAnubaMdhI kisI eka kaSAya kA udaya hone para dUsare guNasthAna meM, mizra prakRti kA udaya hone para tIsare guNasthAna meM aura samyak prakRti kA udaya hone para kSAyopazamika samyaktva ho jAtA hai| prathamopazama aura kSAyopazamika samyaktva caturtha se saptama guNasthAna taka hotA hai| dvitIyopazama samyaktva saptama se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| kSAyika samyaktva caturtha guNasthAna se siddha avasthA taka rahatA hai| samyaktva ke pahale pA~ca labdhiyA~ hotI haiM - kSayopazama labdhi, vizuddhi labdhi, dezanA labdhi, prAyogya labdhi, tathA adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa evaM anivRtti karaNa rUpa pariNamita hone yogya karaNalabdhi / karaNa kA artha pariNAma hai| inameM prathama cAra labdhiyA~ bhavya aura abhavya donoM ko hotI haiN| kintu karaNalabdhi samyaktva grahaNa karane kI yogyatA honevAle bhavya jIva ko hI hotI hai| isa dRSTi se samyaktva meM karaNalabdhi niyAmaka evaM puruSArthaparaka hai| gAthA 561 se 659 taka chaha dravyoM, nau padArthoM, samyaktva ke bheda-prabheda, guNasthAnoM ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA, samyaktva grahaNa yogya jIva aura samyaktvamArgaNA ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| (13) saMjJI mArgaNA - jIva do prakAra ke haiM - 1. saMjJI aura 2. asNjnyii| jo manasahita haiM, hita-ahita kI zikSA grahaNa karane yogya haiM, kArya-akArya evaM tattva-atattva, kA vicAra karanevAle haiM ve saMjJI jIva kahalAte haiN| isake viparIta mana-rahita, mAtra iMdriya-jJAnavAle jIva asaMjJI kahalAte haiN| gAthA 660 se 663 taka ina jIvoM kA svarUpa evaM inakI saMkhyA kA varNana hai| saMjJI jIva mithyAdRSTi se kSINakaSAya guNasthAna-paryaMta hote haiM / asaMjJI jIva sthAvara nAma se lekara asainI paMcedriya paryaMta mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna meM hI hote haiM / (14) AhAra mArgaNA - audArika, vaikriyika aura AhAraka zarIroM meM se kisI eka ke udaya ko prApta zarIra ke yogya zarIravargaNA, bhASAvargaNA aura manovargaNA yogya no-karma vargaNAoM ke grahaNa karane kA nAma AhAra hai / AhAraka mArgaNA ke do bheda haiM - anAhAraka aura aahaark| tIna zarIroM aura chaH paryAptiyoM ke yogya pudgalarUpa jinake AhAra nahIM hotA vaha anAhAraka hotA hai| vigrahagati ko prApta hue cAroM gati ke jIva, pratara aura loka samudghAta ko prApta sayoga kevalI aura ayoga kevalI tathA siddha bhagavAna - ye saba anAhAraka haiN| zeSa saba AhAraka haiN| gAthA 664 se 671 taka AhAraka-anAhAraka kA svarUpa, bheda, samudghAta kA svarUpa aura bheda tathA jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA varNana hai| upayoga prarUpaNA - jIva kA jo bhAva vastu ko grahaNa karane ke lie pravRtta hotA hai use upayoga kahate haiM / cetanA kI jJAna-darzanarUpa pariNati upayoga kahalAtI hai| yaha do prakAra kI hai - sAkAra aura anAkAra / mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya evaM kevalajJAna - ye pA~ca jJAna aura kumati, kuzruta evaM kuavadhi ye tIna ajJAna isa prakAra ATha sAkAra upayoga haiN| cakSu, acakSu, avadhi aura kevala ye cAra darzana nirAkAra upayoga haiM / gAthA 672 se 676 taka ayoga kA svarUpa, bheda-prabheda, kAla evaM unake jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA varNana kiyA hai|
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________________ 17 jainavidyA - 19 aMtarabhAva adhikAra - isameM gati Adi 14 mArgaNA ke guNasthAna evaM jIva-samAsa kA varNana hai| dvitiyopazama samyaktva ke sAtha guNasthAnoM ke aMtargata jIva samAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, mArgaNA aura upayoga kA varNana gAthA 677 se 705 taka kiyA hai| AlApa adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM 706 se 734 taka gAthAe~ haiN| jinameM 'guNajIvA pajjatI' bIsa prarUpaNA kA AlApa arthAt guNasthAna evaM mArgaNAsthAna ke bheda-sahita kathana kiyA hai| inake sAmAnya, paryApti aura aparyApti ye tIna AlApa haiM / anivRttikaraNa ke pA~ca bhAga kI apekSA pA~ca AlApa haiM, jinake do bheda haiM - labdhya paryApta aura nirvatya paryApta / aMta meM caudaha guNasthAna, jIva samAsa, saMjJA paryApti, dazaprANa evaM dravyakarma-bhAvakarma rahita sadA-zuddha siddha parameSThI kA varNana kara, ghoSita kiyA hai ki jo jIva nikSepa, ekArtha (yoni) naya, pramANa, nirukti, niyoga ke dvArA jo guNasthAnAdika bIsa prarUpaNA ke bheda ko jAnate haiM, ve jIva bhavya haiM, ve AtmA ke sat samIcIna bhAva ko jAnate haiM aura tadanusAra siddha hote haiM - ye hI graMthakAra ko iSTa haiN| aMtima gAthA 734 meM AcArya nemicaMdra ne apane ziSya gommaTarUpa cAmuMDarAya rAjA ko 'gommaTo jayau' kA AzIrvAda dekara jIvakANDa samApta kiyaa| (ba) gommaTasAra karmakANDa AcArya nemicaMdra ne "karmaNAM nirjarArthaM tattvArtha va dhAraNArthaM ca" arthAt karmoM kI nirjarA evaM tattvoM ke svarUpa ke avadhAraNa-nizcaya ke uddezya se gommaTasAra saMgraha sUtra (gAthA 965) kI racanA kii| jIvakANDa meM jIva kA varNana kiyA hai| karmakANDa meM saMsAra dukhadAyaka yA sukha pratibaMdhakakarma siddhAMta kA sUkSma vivecana 972 gAthAoM meM kiyA hai| karmakANDa meM nau adhikAra haiM, jinakI saMkSipta viSaya-vastu nimna prakAra hai - 1. prakRti samutkIrtanAdhikAra - samyaktva kI prApti hetu jJAnAvaraNAdika karmoM kI mUla aura uttara prakRtiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| prakRti kA artha svabhAva hai| jisa prakAra jala kA svabhAva nIce kI ora gamana karanA hai, usI prakAra jIva aura karma (kArmANa pudgala paramANu) kA bhI svabhAva hai| jIva kA svabhAva rAgAdi-rUpa hone kA tathA karma kA svabhAva nimittarUpa se rAgAdi utpanna karA dene kA hai| isa svabhAva ke kAraNa jIva aura karma kA saMbaMdha anAdi kAla se hai| saMsArI jIvoM meM karma-baMdha aura udaya kI prakriyA niraMtara calatI rahatI hai| jIva ke AMtarika pariNAma aura yoga kI sthiti ke anusAra kama yA adhika karma-baMdha hotA hai| karmoM kI nirjarA prati samaya hotI hai parantu 1'/, gunA karma sattA meM bane rahate haiN| itanA vizeSa hai ki samyaktvAdi ke kAraNa aneka karmoM kI nirjarA ho jAtI hai jo puruSArtha kI dyotaka hai| karma ke do bheda haiM - dravya karma aura bhAva karma / jJAnAvaraNAdika pudgala dravya-karma hai aura una pudgala dravyakarmoM ke phala dene kI zakti bhAva-karma hai| isa zakti ke nimitta se AtmA meM jo rAgAdi bhAva hote haiM unheM bhI bhAva-karma kahate haiN| ___yadyapi karma-karmapane se abheda haiM; kintu karmoM kI prakRti evaM unake phala dene kI kSamatA ke AdhAra para unameM bheda huA hai| mUla karma ATha haiM - jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 Ayu, nAma, gotra aura aMtarAya / inakI 148 uttara prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM 5 jJAnAvaraNa, 9 darzanAvaraNa, 28 mohanIya aura 5 aMtarAya karma jIvoM meM jJAna - darzana Adi guNoM ke prakaTa hone meM bAdhaka hone kAraNa ye 47 karma prakRtiyA~ ghAtiyA haiM / 4 Ayu, 93 nAma, 2 gotra aura 2 vedanIyakarma jIva ukta guNoM ko nahIM ghAtate, ataH ye 101 karmaprakRtiyAM aghAtiyA haiM / ina karmoM ke apaneapane svabhAvAnusAra AtmA ke guNoM ko prakaTa na hone dene aura sukha-duHkha kI bAhya sAmagrI Adi upalabdha karAne kA kArya hai, jo mohI jIva ko saMsAra bhramaNa karAtA hai| jaba yaha jIva puruSArthapUrvaka mati, zruta, avadhi, jJAnAdika, kSAyopazamika guNoM kA Azraya karatA hai to kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, kSAyika samyaktva, kSAyika cAritra, evaM dAnAdika pA~ca labdhiyA~ prakaTa ho jAtI haiN| AtmA kA jJAna guNa pradhAna hone se jJAna ko sabase pahale kahA gayA hai| 18 karma ke udaya se utpanna moha arthAt ajJAna, asaMyama aura mithyAtva se saMsAra bar3hatA hI jA rahA hai, jIva kA cAra gatiyoM meM avasthAna Ayu karma ke udaya se hotA hai| paripATI se cale Ae AcaraNa ko gotra kahate haiM - ucca AcaraNa ko uccagotra aura nimna AcaraNa ko nIca gotra/ iMdriyoM dvArA viSayoM kA sukha-dukha Adi kA anubhava karanA vedanIya hai| sAmAnya avalokana darzana hai, jAnanA jJAna hai, zraddhAna samyaktva hai - ye jIva ke guNa haiN| isa prakAra AtmA ke guNoM meM jJAna pUjya / pradhAna hai | jJAna dhAraNa kI zaktirUpa vIrya hai| bheda - vivakSA se 146 karma prakRtiyA~ baMdha yogya, 148 karma prakRtiyA~ udaya aura sattA meM rahatI hai, jabaki abheda-vivakSA se baMdha yogya 120, udaya yogya 122 aura sattA meM 148 karma prakRtiyA~ rahatI haiN| ghAtiyA karmoM meM 21 sarvaghAti va 26 dezaghAtI prakRtiyAM haiN| bheda-vivakSA se 68 baMdha yogya puNya prakRtiyA~ aura abheda - vivakSA se 42 haiM / isI prakAra bheda-vivakSA se 78 baMdha yogya pApa-prakRtiyA~ aura abheda - vivakSA se 82 haiN| sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa kI 20 prakRtiyA~ puNya-pApa donoM rUpa hotI haiN| spaSTa hai ki pAparUpa karma prakRtiyA~ adhika haiM / samyaktva virAdhanI 'mithyAtva' anaMta-saMsAra kA kAraNa hone se 'anaMta' aura usase 'anubaMdhanaMti' yA sambandha karane ke kAraNa yaha kaSAya 'anaMtAnubaMdhI' kahalAtI hai| usakA vAsanAkAla anaMtakAla hai| deza - cAritra - virAdhanI apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA vAsanAkAla chaha mAha hai / sakala saMyama virAdhanI pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA vAsanA kAla pandraha dina hai aura saMyama kI prakAzaka saMjvalana kaSAya kA vAsanA kAla aMtara muhUrtta hai| akaSAyarUpa jJAnasvarUpI AtmA ko samajhakara usameM ramanevAlA jIva mithyAtva evaM krodhAdi kaSAyajanyakarmacakra se sadaiva ke lie mukta ho jAtA hai / kisa karma prakRti ke udaya kA phala kisa prakAra hotA haiM, usako vipAka kahate haiM / isa dRSTi se 62 karma prakRtiyA~ pudgala - vipAkI haiN| cAra bhava- vipAkI, 8 kSetra - vipAkI aura 78 (47 ghAtiyA karma, 27 nAma karma aura 22 vedanIya - gotra ) prakRtiyA~ jIva - vipAkI haiM / jIvavipAkI karma prakRtiyoM meM 'mohanIya karma' hI karma-baMdha kA kAraNa hai| ataH AtmAnubhUtipUrvaka usake nAza kA prathama puruSArtha karanA cAhie /
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 __Age nAma, sthApanA, dravya evaM bhAva ina cAra nikSepoM ke svarUpa, bheda-prabheda Adi kA varNana karmoM ke saMdarbha meM gAthA 52 se 76 taka kiyA hai, jo paThanIya hai| 2. baMdhodaya satvAdhikAra - isa adhyAya meM AcArya nemicaMdra ne parama zuddha utkRSTa jJAna kI prApti hetu 'asahAya-parAkrama' arthAt abhedarUpa ratnatraya dvArA apanI nija sAmarthya se hI karmabairI ko jItanevAle siddha-buddha tIrthaMkara neminAtha ko namaskAra kara guNasthAna evaM mArgaNA sthAnoM meM karma-baMdha, karma-udaya evaM karmoM kI sattA kA varNana gAthA kramAMka 87 se 357 taka kiyA hai| karma-baMdha - karma-baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai| prakRti-baMdha, sthiti-baMdha, anubhAga-baMdha aura prdesh-bNdh| ina cAra karmoM ke utkRSTa, anutkRSTa, jaghanya, ajaghanya ye cAra-cAra bheda haiN| prakRti-baMdha - isameM kina-kina karma-prakRtiyoM kA baMdha kisa-kisa guNasthAna taka hotA hai, yaha batAyA hai - jaise tIrthaMkara prakRti kA baMdha samyaktvI ko cauthe se AThaveM guNasthAna ke chaThe bhAga taka tIrthaMkara yA zrutakevalI ke pAdamUla meM hotA hai / isake pazcAt guNasthAnoM meM 120 karmoM kI baMdha-vyucchiti (arthAt baMdha kA rukanA yA saMvara), baMdha va abaMdha kA varNana kiyA hai| jaise - samyaktva ke kAraNa prathama guNasthAna ke aMta meM nikRSTa 16 karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ruka jAtA hai, dUsare guNasthAna meM 25 nIca prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ruka jAtA hai aadi| baMdha kI dRSTi se pahale guNasthAna meM 117 karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM baMdha nahIM hotA aadi| kucha karma prakRtiyoM kA guNasthAnoM meM baMdha nahIM hotA jaise prathama guNasthAnoM meM 3, dUsare meM 19 aadi| mArgaNA-sthAnoM meM bhI isI prakAra karma-baMdha kA varNana gAthA 126 taka hai| __ sthiti-baMdha - AtmA ke sAtha karmoM ke rahane kI maryAdA yA samaya ko sthiti-baMdha kahate haiM / isameM mUla aura uttara prakRtiyoM kI utkRSTa, jaghanya sthiti-baMdha aura unake baMdhakoM kA varNana gAthA 127 se 162 taka hai / jaise jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, aMtarAya, vedanIya karma kI utkRSTa sthiti 30 kor3A-kor3I sAgarapramANa; nAma aura gotra kI 20 kor3A-kor3I sAgara; mohanIya karma kI 60 kor3A-kor3I sAgara tathA Ayu karma kI sthiti zuddha 33 sAgara taka kI hai| sthiti-baMdha kA mUla kAraNa bhAva yA pariNAma hai jo do prakAra ke hote haiM - kaSAyasahita saMkleza pariNAma aura maMda kaSAyayukta vizuddha prinnaam| tiryaMca, manuSya va deva Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa 117 prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa sthiti-baMdha, utkRSTa saMkleza pariNAmoM se hotA hai aura jaghanya sthiti-baMdha vizuddha pariNAmoM se hotA hai| AhArAka-dvi tIrthaMkara aura devAyu ko chor3akara zeSa 116 prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa sthiti-baMdha mithyAdRSTi jIva hI karatA hai| arthAt ukta cAra prakRtiyoM kI utkRSTa sthiti-baMdha samyagdRSTi ko hI hotA hai| AbAdhA kAla - karma ke baMdha aura karma ke udaya yA udIraNA ke bIca ke aMtara kA samaya AbAdhA kAla kahalAtA hai, jaise - eka kor3A-kor3I sAgara-pramANa kA AbAdhA kAla 100 varSa pramANa hotA hai| isI anupAta meM anya karma-baMdha kA AbAdhA kAla Ayu karma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM ke udaya kA hotA hai / udIraNA kI apekSA sAta karmoM kA AbAdhA kAla eka AvalI hai| samaya-pUrva karmoM kA udaya meM AnA yA khiranA udIraNA kahalAtA hai| AbAdhAkAla kI
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________________ 20 jainavidyA - 19 vyavasthA kA phalita artha yaha hotA hai ki karma-baMdha ke bAda evaM udaya ke pUrva, AbAdhA-kAla kI avadhi meM jIva cAhe to apane samyaka puruSArtha se usa karma-baMdha ko samApta kara sakatA hai| yaha AtmasvarUpa ke prati niraMtara jAgarUkatA kA mahatva darzAtA hai| Age karmoM kI niSeka racanA arthAt khirane kI paddhati kA varNana hai| anubhAga-baMdha - karmoM ke hInAdhika phala dene kI zakti ko anubhAga kahate haiM / inakA varNana gAthA 163 se 184 taka kiyA hai| anubhAga baMdha kA sUtra hai - vizuddha pariNAmoM se zuddha prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha aura azubha prakRtiyoM kA jaghanya anubhAga baMdha hotA hai| tathA saMkleza pariNAmoM se zubha prakRtiyoM kA jaghanya aura azubha prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga-baMdha hotA hai| anya prakRtiyoM meM bhI isI prakAra hotA hai| puNyarUpa 42 prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga-baMdha vizuddhatAvAle jIva ko hotA hai tathA pAparUpa 82 prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga-baMdha saMkleza pariNAmavAle mithyAdRSTi jIva ko hotA hai| usase tatva-abhyAsarUpa vizuddha pariNAmoM kI upAdeyatA siddha hotI hai / ghAtiyA karmoM kI phala dene kI zakti latA, kATha, haDDI aura patthara jaisI kramAgata kaThorapane kI hai, jisake udaya se AtmaguNa pragaTa nahIM hote| aghAtiyA karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyA~ gur3a, khAMDa, mizrI aura amRta jaisI tathA azubha prakRtiyAM nIMba, kAMNIra, viSa aura halAhala jaisI saMsAra ko sukha-dukha detI hai| pradeza-baMdha - mithyAtvAdi ke nimitta se karmarUpa pudgaloM kA Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha sambandha ko pradeza-baMdha kahate haiM / yahA~ pradeza kA artha saMkhyA se hai| gAthA 185 se 218 taka mUla prakRtiyoM aura uttara prakRtiyoM kA pradeza-baMdha evaM gAthA 219 se 261 taka pradeza-baMdha ke kAraNabhUta yoga ke bheda-prabheda Adi kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| eka samaya meM grahaNa kiye karma paramANuoM kA vibhAjana AThoM karmo meM hotA hai / isameM Ayu karma kA thor3A hissA hotA hai| zeSa karmoM meM, karma paramANuoM ke ba~TavAre ke nizcita anupAta kA vidhAna hai| karma-udaya - karma-baMdha hue karmoM kA udaya meM AnA lagA huA hai, jo AbAdhA kAla ke bAda karma-sthiti paryaMta hotA rahatA hai| kisa guNasthAna aura mArgaNAsthAna meM kauna-kauna se karma udaya meM AyeMge, kitane karmoM kA kahA~ udaya, kahA~ vyucchiti hogI, kitanoM kA anudaya hogA isakA tathA udIraNA, udIraNA-vyucchiti tathA anudIraNA kA varNana gAthA 261 se 332 taka kiyA hai| AhAraka zarIra va AhAraka aMgopAMga kA udaya pramatta guNasthAna meM hotA hai| tIrthaMkara prakRti kA udaya sayogI-ayogI kevalI ko hI hotA hai| mizra mohanIya kA udaya tIsare guNasthAna meM hotA hai| samyaktva mohanIya kA udaya avrata samyagdRSTi Adi cauthe guNasthAnavartI vedaka samyagdRSTi ko hI hotA hai| sayoga kevalI evaM ayoga kevalI ko kramazaH 42 aura 12 karmoM kA udaya hotA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki karma-udaya se karma-baMdha nahIM hotaa| ekatva-mamatva na hone ke kAraNa duHkha bhI nahIM hotaa| prathama guNasthAna meM mithyAtva, Atapa, sUkSma, aparyApta aura sAdhAraNa ina pA~ca kI udaya-vyucchiti hotI hai| dUsare guNasthAna meM 9, tIsare meM 1 aura cauthe meM
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 17 karmoM kI udaya-vyucchiti hotI hai| anya guNasthAnoM meM bhI aisI vyavasthA hai| saMjJI tiryaMca deza-vratI ho sakate haiN| jinendra deva ke asAtA ke nimitta se 11 kSudhAdika pariSaha hote haiM, kintu moha karma ke abhAva ke kAraNa udaya miSTa jala meM eka khArI da jaisA akAryakArI hotA hai| karmoM kA satva yA sattA - satva kA artha karmoM kI sattA yA astitva meM rahane se hai| jaba taka baMdhe hue saba karma udaya meM Akara jhar3a nahIM jAte taba taka sattA meM bane rahate haiM, ise satva kahate haiM / satva-asatva kI prakRti kA varNana evaM kisa guNasthAna evaM mArgaNA-sthAna meM kitane karmoM kI sattA banI rahatI hai, aura satva-vyucchiti Adi kA varNana gAthA 333 se 357 taka kiyA hai| pahale, cauthe guNasthAna meM 148 karmoM kI sattA hai| dUsare meM 145, tIsare-pAMcaveM meM 147, chaThesAtaveM meM 146, ATha se gyAraha taka 142, bArahaveM meM 101 aura terahaveM-caudahaveM guNasthAna meM 85 karmoM kI sattA rahatI hai| karmoM ke phala dene ke pUrva hI unakA pUrNatayA naSTa ho jAnA udvelana hai| iMdriya aura kAya mArgaNA meM karma prakRtiyoM kI udvelanA kA bhI varNana hai| 3. satva sthAna-bhaMgAdhikAra - yaha adhikAra 'satva-sthAna' aura bhaMga zabda se banA hai| kisI eka kAla meM kisI jIva ke jitanI karma-prakRtiyA~ sattA meM pAyI jAye, usa karma-samUha kA nAma 'satva sthAna' hai| usa satva sthAna meM eka-sI samAna saMkhyA pAye jAne para karma-prakRtiyoM meM aMtara ho to use bhaMga kahate haiN| jaise 145 karma prakRtiyA~ sattA meM rahate hue Ayu, manuSya yA deva ho sakatI haiN| yahA~ satva sthAna eka hone para bhI do bhaMga hue| pratyeka guNasthAna meM karma prakRtiyoM kA satva-sthAna kitane prakAra se sambhava hai aura usake sAtha jIva kisa Ayu ko bhogatA hai, baddhAyu-abaddhAyu Adi kA varNana gAthA 358 se 397 taka kiyA hai| pahale se tIna guNasthAna meM kramazaH 18, 4 aura 8 satva sthAna hai| cauthe se sAtaveM taka 40-40 satva sthAna haiM / ATha se dasaveM guNasthAna tathA gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM 24-24 satva sthAna haiN| kSapaka zreNI kI apekSA AThaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka 36, 4, 8, 46 satva sthAna haiN| ina guNasthAnoM meM satva sthAna ke kramazaH 50, 12, 36, 120, 48, 40, 40, 28, 62, 28, 24, 8, 4, 8 bhaMga hote haiM / AcArya kahate haiM - jo karmoM ke satva sthAna ko par3hegA, sunegA aura ciMtavana karegA vaha avazya mokSa sukha paavegaa| ___4. tricUlikA adhikAra - kahe yA na kahe artha kA ciMtavana karanA cUlikA kahalAtA hai| isa adhyAya meM gAthA 398 se 450 taka nimna tIna biMduoM para vicAra kiyA hai : (a) nau prazna cUlikA - yathA - (1) udaya vyucchiti (abhAva) ke pahale ATha karma prakRtiyoM kI baMdha vyucchiti hotI hai, (2) 31 prakRtiyoM kI udaya vyucchiti aura baMdha vyucchiti eka kAla meM hotI hai, (3) zeSa 81 prakRtiyoM kI udaya vyucchiti ke pahale baMdha vyucchiti hotI hai, (4) devAyu Adi 11 prakRtiyoM kA.para ke udaya se baMdha hotA hai / mityAtva Adi 27 prakRtiyoM kA baMdha apane udaya meM hotA hai, (6) zeSa 81 prakRtiyA~ ubhayabaMdhI haiM, (7) jJAnAvaraNAdi
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 54 prakRtiyA~ niraMtarabaMdhI haiM, (8) narakagati Adi 34 prakRtiyA~ sAntarabaMdhI haiM tathA (7) sAMtara niraMtara baMdhI 32 prakRtiyA~ haiM / 22 (ba) pA~ca bhAgAhAra cUlikA pariNAmoM ke nimitta se zubha ke azubharUpa saMkramaNa ko bhAgAhAra kahate haiM / yaha saMkramaNa apanI hI prakRti meM hotA hai| mohanIya aura Ayu karma ko chor3akara yaha saMkramaNa uttara prakRtiyoM meM hI hotA hai jaise- sAtA kA asAtA meM aura asAtA kA sAtA meM / bhAgAhAra pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai - udvelana, vidhyAta, adhaH prakRta, guNasaMkramaNa aura sarva sNkrmnn| inakA svarUpa guNasthAnoM ke saMdarbha meM kisa-kisa karma - prakRti meM kauna-kauna bhAgAhAra (saMkramaNa) sambhava hai, aura kisa-kisa bhAgAhAra ke aMtargata kauna-kauna prakRtiyA~ hai isakA varNana kiyA hai| (sa) dazakaraNa cUlikA - karaNa kA artha avasthA se hai| karaNa dasa hote haiM - (1) baMdha, (2) utkarSaNa, (3) saMkramaNa, (4) apakarSaNa, (5) udIraNA, (6) satva, (7) udaya, (8) upazama, (9) nidhatti aura (10) nikAcanA / isa cUlikA meM inakA svarUpa, karma prakRtiyoM aura guNasthAnoM meM inake astitva Adi kA savistAra varNana kiyA hai| karma-baMdha Adi kI ukta kriyAe~ pariNAmoM para nirbhara karatI hai, jo jIva kI svataMtratA evaM svAdhInatA kA paricAyaka hai / 5. baMdha-udaya-satvarahita sthAna samutkIrtana adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM ATha karmoM kI uttara prakRtiyoM ke baMdhasthAna, udaya sthAna aura satva sthAna kA vistRta kathana gAthA 451 se 784 taka kiyA hai| tIsare guNasthAna ke alAvA chaThe guNasthAna taka Ayu ko chor3a zeSa 7 karmoM yA Ayu sahita ATha karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| tIsare, AThaveM evaM nauveM guNasthAnoM meM Ayu ke atirikta zeSa sAta karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| dasaveM guNasthAna meM Ayu aura mohanIya ke atirikta 6 karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| gyArahaveM, bArahaveM evaM terahaveM guNasthAna meM eka vedanIya karma kA hI baMdha hotA hai| ayogI meM baMdha nahIM hotA / sUkSma sAMparAya (10veM) guNasthAna taka AThoM mUla prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai / upazAMta aura kSINa kaSAya guNasthAna meM moha binA sAta karmoM kA udaya hai / sayogI ayogI meM cAra aghAtiyA karmoM kA udaya hai| upazAMta kaSAya guNasthAna taka AThoM mUla prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai / upazAMta-kaSAya guNasthAna taka AThoM mUla prakRtiyoM kA satva hai| kSINa - kaSAya meM moha ko chor3akara zeSa sAta kAhI satva hai aura sayogI ayogI meM cAra aghAtiyA kA satva hai| isa prakAra AThoM karmoM ke AThavA~, sAtavA~, chaThA aura pahalA guNasthAna baMdha-sthAna hai| AThaveM, sAtaveM aura cauthA guNasthAna udaya sthAna tathA AThavA~, sAtavA~ aura cauthA ye tIna satva sthAna haiM / AThoM karmoM ke bAre meM baMdha, udaya aura satva kA varNana guNasthAna ke aMtargata kiyA hai| vedanIya, Ayu aura gotra karma kI uttara prakRtiyoM meM eka jIva ke eka samaya meM eka hI prakRti kA baMdha aura udaya hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNa aura aMtarAya kI pA~ca prakRtiyoM kA ekasAtha baMdha, udaya aura satva hone se eka sthAna hai| zeSa darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura nAma karma ke baMdha, udaya aura satva sthAnoM kA sUkSma varNana kiyA hai| pazcAt baMdha, udaya aura satva kA trisaMyogI bhaMga banAkara
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 23 uttara pratyaya jIva-samAsa aura mArgaNA kI apekSA kathana kiyA hai, jaise baMdha meM udaya satva, udaya meM baMdha aura satva aura satva meM baMdha aura udy| bAda meM do bhaMgoM ko AdhAra aura eka ko Adheya banAkara kathana kiyA hai| prasaMgavaza anya aneka viSayoM kI bhI jAnakArI dI hai| 6. pratyayAdhikAra (AzravAdhikAra)- Atma-pradezoM meM karmoM ke Agamana evaM karmabaMdha ke kAraNoM ko pratyaya kahA jAtA hai / mUla Azrava cAra haiM - mithyAtva, avirata, kaSAya aura yog| ekAMta, vinaya, saMzaya, viparIta aura ajJAna ye mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda haiM / pA~ca iMdriya aura mana kI svacchaMdatA tathA pA~ca sthAvara evaM trasa jIvoM kI adayA-ye 12 bheda avirata ke haiN| anaMtAnubaMdhI krodhAdi solaha kaSAya; hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA tIna veda - ye nau-nokaSAyaisa prakAra paccIsa kaSAyeM haiN| yoga ke 15 bheda haiM - cAra manoyoga, cAra vacana yoga aura sAta kAya yog| isa prakAra Azrava ke 56 bheda haiM / guNasthAnoM meM pAye jAne vAle mUla pratyaya, uttara pratyayoM kA udaya, anudaya pratyaya evaM vyucchiti kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - guNasthAna mithyA. sAsA. | mizra| avi. deza. prama. apra. apUrva. ani. sU.sA. upamo. kSINamo. sayoga ayoga mUla pratyaya- | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 2 2 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 uttara pratyaya-| || || | ||| | | pratyayoM kA udaya | 55 | 50 | 43 46 37 ] 24 22| 22| 10se16| 10| 1 | 1 | 7 | 0 | anudaya pratyaya - 2 714 |11 20 | 33 35| 35| 41se47| 47 48 48 | 0 | 57 | pratyaya-vyucchiti 540915 | 2016 4104701 (upacAra se) isa prakAra gAthA 785 se 810 taka guNasthAnoM meM mUla aura uttara pratyayoM aura unake bhaMgoM kA bhI kathana kiyA hai| kina-kina pariNAmoM se kauna-kauna se karmoM evaM Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai, isakA varNana bhI kiyA hai, tAki AtmArthI-jana pariNAmoM ke prati niraMtara jAgarUka raha skeN| jo jIva arahaMta, siddha, pratimA, tapa, jaina zAstra, guru aura saMgha ke pratikUla hokara unake svarUpa ko viparIta rUpa se grahaNa karatA hai use darzana moha kA baMdha hotA hai| mithyAtva, lobha evaM raudra pariNAmoM se naraka Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| mithyAtva aura mAyAcAra se tiryaMca gati kA baMdha hotA hai| maMda kaSAya, dAna, zIla, saMyama evaM madhyama guNoM se manuSya Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| samyaktva, aNuvrata evaM mahAvrata se devAyu kA baMdha hotA hai| mithyAdRSTi jIva bhI akAma nirjarA kara devAyu kA baMdha karatA hai| zubha-azubha karmoM kA baMdha bhI pariNAmoM/bhAvoM ke anusAra hotA hai| - 7. bhAva cUlikA adhikAra - 'bhavanaM bhavatIti bhAvaH' honA mAtra yA jo hotA hai, so bhAva hai| cetana ke pariNAma ko bhAva kahate haiM / jIva dravya kI apekSA unake pA~ca bhAva haiM - aupazAmika kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, audayika aura pAriNAmika bhaav| pratipakSI karma ke upazama se utpanna honevAle samyaktva aura cAritra aupazamika bhAva haiN| karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna honevAle jJAnAvarNAdika nau bhAva kSAyika bhAva haiN| karmoM ke kSamopazama se utpanna honevAle matijJAnAdi 18 bhAva kSAyopazamika bhAva haiM / karmoM ke udaya se utpanna honevAle rAgAdi ikkIsa bhAva audayika
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________________ jainavidyA - haiM, karmoM ke udaya se nirapekSa pAriNAmika bhAva hote haiM, ve tIna haiM jIvatva, bhavyatva, aura abhvytv| yaha parama pAriNAmika bhAva anAdi se jaise haiM taise hI haiN| isa prakAra pA~ca mUla bhAvoM 53 bheda haiM aura bhaMga vikalpoM kI dRSTi se bahuta haiN| ina bhAvoM kA aura unake sva-saMyogI, bahusaMyogI bhaMgo kA gAthA saM. 811 se 895 taka meM kathana kiyA hai| parama-pAriNAmika bhAvoM kA Azraya lekara kSAyopazamika bhAvoM ke dvArA upazama / kSAyika bhAva prApta hote haiM aura audayika bhAvarUpa dukha se mukti milatI hai ataH bhAvoM kA svarUpa aura unakA mahatva samajhanA mokSamArga meM anivArya hai| 24 - 19 isameM 180 kriyAvAdI, 84 akriyAvAdI, 67 ajJAnavAdI aura 32 vainayikavAdI - kula 363 mithyAmatoM kA bhI savistAra varNana kiyA hai| aMta meM yaha ghoSaNA kI hai ki jitane vacanamArga haiN| utane hI nayavAda haiM aura jitane nayavAda haiM utane hI para samaya hai| syAdavAda rUpa sabhI naya-samUhoM kA nAma jainadarzana hai / 8. trikaraNa cUlikAdhikAra - karaNa bhAva ko kahate haiN| karaNa tIna haiM - adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa / anaMtAnubaMdhI cAra kaSAyoM ke alAvA zeSa cAritra mohanIya kI 21 karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya yA upazama ina tIna karaNoM ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| adhaH pravRttakaraNa meM Upara ke samaya ke bhAva nIce ke samaya saMbaMdhI bhAvoM ke samAna hote haiM / yaha bhAva sAtizaya apramatta guNasthAnavAle jIva ke hote haiN| pratyeka samaya meM honevAle apUrva bhAvoM ko apUrvakaraNa kahate haiM / anivRti karaNa meM vivakSita samaya meM bhedarahita sunizcita samAna bhAva hote haiN| ina tInoM karaNoM se anaMtagunI vizuddhi hotI hai unakA kAla antaramuhUrtta mAtra hai| tInoM karaNoM ke svarUpa varNana gAthA 896 se 912 taka aMka saMdRSTi dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai / yaha ullekhanIya hai ki ina karaNoM ke puruSArtha se hI samyaktva hotA hai 1 - 9. karmasthiti racanA adhikAra jIva ke bhAvoM ke anusAra prati samaya karmabaMdha hokara, unakA ATha karmoM meM vibhAjana hotA hai, tadanusAra pratyeka karma ke niSekoM kI racanA hokara AbAdhA kAla ke bAda karma udaya meM AnA zurU ho jAte haiM aura sthitiparyaMta khirate rahate haiM / karmasthiti kI racanA kA varNana gAthA kramAMka 913 se 972 taka, grantha kI prazasti - sahita kiyA gayA hai| 1 isameM dravya, sthiti, guNa-hAni, nAnA guNa-hAni Adi kA svarUpa aMka saMdRSTi kI apekSA kiyA gayA hai / grantha ke aMta meM AcArya nemicandra ne bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI, apane ziSya cAmuNDarAya ke kartRtva kI prazaMsA kara unake jayavaMta hone kI kAmanA kI / labdhisAra-kSapaNAsAra yaha AcArya nemicandra kI dUsarI kRtti hai jo gommaTasAra kA uttara bhAga samajhanA caahie| gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM jIva ke svarUpa kA aura karmakANDa meM jIva ke dvArA bAMdhe jAnevAle karmoM kA varNana hai| labdhisAra meM jIva ke karma-baMdha se chUTane kI prakriyA arthAt labdhirUpa samyagdarzana aura samyaka-cAritra kI upalabdhi kI prakriyA savistAra darzAyI hai / isameM 653 gAthAe~ haiM, jo chaH adhikAroM meM vibhakta haiM /
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________________ 25 jainavidyA - 19 pahalA adhikAra darzana-labdhi kA hai, jisameM prathamopazama samyaktva, pA~ca labdhiyA~, tIna karaNoM kA svarUpa, unake cAra Avazyaka, alpa-bahutva tathA cAroM gatiyoM meM upazama samyaktva kI prApti kA vidhAna gAthA 1 se 109 taka kiyA hai| dvitIya adhikAra meM kSAyika samyaktva, aMtaH kANDaka kA vidhAna, darzana-mohanIya kI kSapaNA ke 33 alpa-bahutva ke sthAna evaM kSAyika samyaktva ke mAhAtmya kA varNana gAthA110 se 167 taka kiyA hai| anaMtAnubaMdhI krodhAdi 4 kaSAya evaM darzana moha kI 3 - kula 7 prakRtiyoM ke kSaya se utpanna kSAyika samyaktva nirmala, akSaya hotA hai| aisA jIva usI bhava meM athavA tIsare/cauthe bhava meM mokSa jAtA hai| ye do adhikAra darzana labdhi ke haiN| tIsarA adhikAra cAritra labdhi kA hai, jisameM gAthA saMkhyA 168 se 204 taka deza-cAritra, sakala-cAritra aura usake bheda tathA pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| sakalacAritra tIna prakAra kA hai - kSAyopazamika, aupazamika aura kssaayik| kSAyopazamika cAritra sAtaveM/chaThe guNasthAna meM hotA hai / yaha upazama samyaktva yA vedaka samyaktva sahita hotA hai / mleccha bhUmi ke manuSya bhI Arya manuSyoM ke samAna sakala cAritra dhAraNa karane ke pAtra haiN| cauthA adhikAra cAritropazamanA adhikAra hai| jisameM upazama cAritra arthAt upazAMtakaSAya-vItarAga kA varNana gAthA 205 se 391 taka hai| adha:karaNa Adi ATha adhikAroM dvArA cAritra moha ke upazama kA vidhAna varNita hai| tIna karaNa kA vidhAna evaM baMdhApasaraNAdi kA svarUpa aura upazama zreNI car3hanevAle bAraha prakAra ke jIvoM kI kriyA kA varNana kiyA hai| vedaka samyagdRSTi jIva kSAyopazamika cAritra dhAraNakara jaba aupazamika cAritra dhAraNa karatA hai, taba vaha kSAyika samyaktva yA dvitiyopazama samyaktva dhAraNa karatA hai / cAritra moha kA upazama karane para jIva gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM aMtaramuhUrta taka rahatA hai bAda meM patana ho jAtA hai| ... pA~cavA~ adhikAra kSapaNAsAra hai jisameM cAritra mohanIya karma ke kSaya, tIna karaNoM kA svarUpa aura unakI bhUmikA, sthiti baMdhApasaraNa, kaSAyakSapaNA, sUkSma-bAdara kRSTiyA~ Adi ke aMtargata gAthA 392 se 510 taka varNana kiyA hai| chaThA-kRSTi vedanA adhikAra hai jisameM gAthA 511 se 653 taka kRSTi vedana kA krama, saMkramaNa, dravya aura baMdha, dravyAdi kA vidhAna, sUkSma-sAMparAya, sayoga-ayoga kevalI aura siddhoM ke svarUpa kA varNana hai| cAritra moha kA kSaya hone para jIva bArahaveM guNasthAna kSINamoha meM pahu~catA hai| pazcAt jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura aMtarAyakarma kSaya kara terahaveM guNasthAna meM sarvajJa/sarvadarzI ho jAtA haiM / yahA~ antarmuhUrta Ayu zeSa rahane para vihita prakriyA dvArA, tIsare zukla dhyAna ke dvArA sarva karma kSayakara ayoga kevalI ho jAtA hai / cha: mAha ATha samaya meM 608 jIva nigoda se nikalate haiM aura itane hI jIva siddha hote haiN| ___ sarvajJa-kathita sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke sAtha karma-baMdha, karma-udaya evaM karma kSaya kI yaha kriyA-prakriyA anAdi kAla se nirbAdha binA kisI hastakSepa yA bhedabhAva ke svacAlita-vyavasthA ke rUpa meM cala rahI hai| yaha to ajJAnI saMjJI jIvoM kA utpAta hai jo mahAsattA kI isa vyavasthA meM apane moharAga-dveSa ke bhAvoM ke anusAra hastakSepa karane kA vikalpa karate haiM / isI vikalpa se chUTane kA upAya labdhisAra meM varNita hai|
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________________ 26 jainavidyA - 19 samyagjJAna caMdrikA karaNAnuyoga ke donoM granthoM kI karNATaka evaM saMskRta bhASA kI TIkAoM ke AdhAra para AcAryakalpa paM. ToDaramalajI jayapura ne ukta granthoM kI artha-saMdRSTi sahita deza-bhASA TIkA bnaayii| jisakA nAma 'samyagjJAna caMdrikA' rkhaa| jaTila, siddhAMta grantha kI yaha adbhuta TIkA hai jisake zAstrAbhyAsa karane kI preraNA paM. ToDaramalajI ne pIThikA meM kI hai| unake anusAra zAstrAbhyAsa se samyagjJAna hotA hai aura AnaMda milatA hai, jo mokSa kA kAraNa hai| trilokasAra AcArya nemicaMdra kI yaha tRtIya kRti jaina-darzana ke lokAnuyoga sAhitya se sambandhita hai jisameM bhUgola-khagola, jyotiSa nimitta evaM graha-gaNita Adi kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai / nAma ke anurUpa isa grantha meM tIna loka arthAt Urdhvaloka, madhyaloka aura adholoka kA varNana 1018 gAthAoM meM kiyA hai| AcAryazrI ke ziSya mAdhavacandra traividhadeva ne isakI saMskRta TIkA likhI, sAtha hI apane guru kI sahamati se trilokasAra meM yatra-tatra kucha gAthAoM kI racanA bhI kii| isameM chaha adhikAra haiM - loka sAmAnya, bhAvana loka, vyaMtara loka, jyotirloka vaimAnikaloka aura nrtiryglok| __ prathama loka sAmAnya meM maMgala nimitta kI carcA hai, tathA zreNi ke dhana pramANa kA nirNaya karane ke lie pramANoM kA kathana hai| bhAva do prakAra kA hai - laukika aura lokottara / laukika ke chaH bheda haiM aura lokottara ke cAra-dravya-kSetra-kAla aura bhAva / dravyapramANa ke do bheda haiM - saMkhyA aura upmaa| saMkhyA pramANa kI caudaha dhArAoM kA kathana kiyA hai| dhArAoM kA vistRta jJAna jAnane ke lie AcArya kundakunda kRta 'parikarma' kA ullekha kiyA hai| isake bAda upamA pramANoM kA kathana hai| pazcAt adholoka aura urdhvaloka kA kathana hai| adholoka meM sAta naraka-pRthviyoM aura nArakiyoM kI jAnakArI dI hai| dvitIya bhAvana loka adhikAra meM bhavanavAsI devoM ke bheda, unake iMdra, parivAra, caitya vRkSa, Ayu Adi kA vistRta varNana diyA hai| tIsare vyaMtara loka meM vyaMtara devoM ke bheda, zarIra, varNa, caitya vRkSa, iMdroM ke nAma, parivAra, deva aura Ayu Adi kA varNana hai| __cauthe jyotirloka meM jyotiSI devoM ke pA~ca bhedoM kA kathanakara 16 dvIpa evaM 16 samudroM kA varNana kiyA hai| pazcAt jyotirvimAnoM kA svarUpa, caMdramA-sUrya kI saMkhyA, tArAoM kI saMkhyA, caMdra-sUrya ke cAra kSetra, dina-rAta kI hAni-vRddhi, nakSatroM ke nAma tathA jyotiSka devoM-deviyoM kI Aya kA varNana hai| ___ pA~caveM vaimAnika loka meM kalpa-kalpAtIta vimAnoM kI jAnakArI dekara solaha svargoM meM vimAnoM kI saMkhyA, iMdraka vimAnoM kA pramANAdi, sAmAjika devoM kI saMkhyA, kalpoM meM striyoM kI utpatti-sthAna, pravicAra vikriyA, avadhijJAna kA viSaya, lokAMtika devoM kA svarUpa, devAMganAoM kI Ayu Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| aMta meM siddha jIvoM kA kathana kiyA hai| - chaThe nara-tiryagaloka meM jaMbUdvIpa ke bharata-airAvata kSetroM, parvatoM, padma Adi hRdoM aura unase nikalanevAlI nadiyoM, meru parvata tathA bhadrazAla vanoM kA varNana hai / pazcAt jaMbU vRkSa, bhoga-bhUmi,
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________________ jainavidyA 19 aura karma bhUmi Adi videha kSetroM kA varNana hai| videha kSetra meM tIrthaMkara Adi zalAkA puruSa sadaiva vidyamAna rahate haiM / ataH unakI saMkhyA, cakravartI kI saMpati, rAjA kA lakSaNa Adi batAyA hai| 27 pazcAt bharata aura airAvata kSetra ke chaha kAloM ke parivartana kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| ina kAloM meM jIvoM kI Ayu, zarIra racanA, raMga Adi tathA 63 zalAkA puruSoM kA varNana hai / kalkI aura ardhakalkI ke atyAcAroM kA varNana savistAra karake ikkIsaveM kalkI ke atyAcAroM se dharma, rAjA aura agni kA aMta batAkara isa kAla kA aMta batAyA hai / pazcAt utsarpiNI kAla ke prArambha kA varNana evaM 14 kulakaroM kI utpatti Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| jaina bhUgola ke anusAra AkAza ke madhya meM loka mAnA jAtA hai| jitane AkAza meM jIva aura pudgala Adi kA AvAsa hai vaha loka hai, zeSa aloka hai| loka ke nimna tIna bhAga hai| (1) adholoka meM ratnaprabhA Adi sAta naraka pRthviyA~ haiM / ratnaprabhA ke tIna bhAga haiM - kharabhAga, paMka bhAga aura abbahula bhAga / prathama do bhAga meM bhavanavAsI aura vyaMtara deva rahate haiM, tIsare bhAga meM prathama naraka hai / sAta narakoM meM 84 lAkha bila haiM, jinameM nArakI rahakara anaMta duHkha bhogate haiN| (2) madhyaloka tiryagloka kahalAtA hai| isameM asaMkhyAta dvIpa- samudra haiN| madhya meM jaMbUdvIpa hai| usake cAroM ora lavaNa samudra hai| usake bAda ghAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa hai aura kAlodadhi samudra hai / isa prakAra eka ke bAda eka dvIpa aura samudra haiN| aMtima dvIpa aura samudra kA nAma svayaMbhUramaNa hai| jambUdvIpa ke madhya meM sumeru parvata hai / jambUdvIpa, videha kSetra evaM sumeru parvata Adi kA varNana hai| isameM manuSya aura tiryaMcoM kA AvAsa hai | (3) Urdhvaloka meM solaha svarga haiN| jahA~ devI-devatAoM evaM iMdroM kA AvAsa hai| isake bAda kalpa, nava graiveyaka, nava anudiza, paMca anuttara aura loka ke Upara agra bhAga meM siddhaloka hai| 'dravya saMgraha ' nAmaka grantha bhI AcArya nemicandra kI racanA mAnI jAtI hai| kintu 'dravya saMgraha ' kI viSaya-sAmagrI, pratipAdana kI zailI Adi ko dRSTigata kara aisA pratIta hotA hai ki isa grantha ke karttA gommaTasAra ke karttA AcArya nemicandra siddhAMtacakravartI na hokara koI anya munirAja siddhAMtadeva nemicaMdra haiN| aisA paM. jugalakizorajI mukhtAra evaM anya vidvAnoM kA mata hai| isa grantha bRhada saMskRta TIkA brahmadeva dvArA kI gaI hai| saMkSepa meM, siddhAMtacakravartI nemicaMdra apane samaya ke karaNAnuyoga ke pAragAmI, niraMtara abhyAsazIla, AtmasvarUpa meM ramaNa karanevAle, nizchala, ati guNagrAhI, niHsaMkocI evaM tattvamarmajJa AcArya the jinake kartRtva se jainadarzana kA karma-nimittaka Agama- sAhitya sadaiva RNI rhegaa| nirmala pariNAmI mahAnubhAva, ekAntika mithyAmatoM ko tyAgakara syAdavAda mudrita jinavANI meM varNita mahAsattA kI svacAlita vyavasthA svIkArate hue jIva-karma-sambandhoM ke duruha - jaTila anAdi-jAla ko zuddhAtmA ke dhyAna dvArA tor3akara paramAtmA baneMge, yahI bhAvanA hai| bI-369 o. pI. milsa kaoNlonI amalAI 484117 (ma.pra.) -
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________________ 28 jainavidyA - 19 liMpai appIkIraI liMpai appIkIraI edIe Niya appuNNapuNNaM c| jIvotti hodi lessA lessaagunnjaannykkhaadaa||489|| jogapauttI lessA kasAyaudayANuraMjiyA hoi| tatto doNNaM kajaM baMdhacaukkaM smuddittuN||490|| kiNhA NIlA kAU teU pammA ya sukkalessA y| lessANaM NidesA chacceva havaMti NiyameNa // 493 // vaNNodayeNa jaNido sarIravaNNo du davvado lessaa| sA soDhA kiNhAdI aNeyabheyA sbheyenn||494|| chappayaNIlakavodasuhemaMbujasaMkhasaMNihA vnnnne| saMkhejjA'saMkhejjA'NaMtaviyappA ya patteyaM // 495 // ___ gommaTasAra (jIva.) - jisake dvArA jIva AtmA ko karmoM se lipta karatA hai vaha lezyA hai| kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti lezyA hai| 'limpati' arthAt isake dvArA jIva apane puNya-pApa ko apanAtA hai| dravya aura bhAva ke AdhAra se lezyA do prakAra kI hai - 1. dravya lezyA aura 2. bhAva leshyaa| lezyA ke mukhyataH chaH bheda haiM - 1. kRSNa, 2. nIla, 3. kApota, 4. teja, 5. padma aura 6. shukl| - varNa nAmakarma ke udaya se utpanna zarIra kA varNa dravyalezyA hai| dravya lezyA ke bhI kRSNa nIla Adi chaH bheda haiM aura avAntara bhedoM se aneka bhedavAle haiN| varNarUpa meM kRSNa-nIla Adi lezyA kramazaH bhauMre, nIlama, kabUtara, svarNa, kamala aura zaMkha ke samAna hotI hai| arthAt jinake zarIra kA varNa bhauMre ke samAna kAlA hai unake 'kRSNa' dravyalezyA hai| nIlama ke samAna varNavAloM kI dravyalezyA 'nIla' hai| kabUtara ke samAna varNavAloM kI dravyalezyA 'kApota' hai / svarNa ke samAna pItavarNavAloM kI dravyalezyA 'pIta' hai| kamala ke samAna varNavAloM kI dravyalezyA 'padma' hotI hai aura jinakA zarIra kA raMga zaMkha ke samAna safeda hotA hai unakI dravyalezyA 'zukla' hai| saM.-DaoN. A. ne. upAdhyAya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela - 1997-1998 29 siddhAnta - zAstra - marmajJa nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI - AcArya rAjakumAra jaina digambarAcArya nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI jaina jagata ke una dedIpyamAna nakSatroM meM haiM jinhoMne apane jJAnAloka se jaina siddhAntoM ke gUr3hatama viSayoM ko apanI lekhanI se na kevala vivecita kiyA, apitu unake rahasyoM evaM sUkSmatva ko prakaTakara unakI gahanatA ko sparza karate hue unheM bhAvI pIr3hI ke sammukha prastuta kiyaa| jaina siddhAntoM, unakI sUkSmatA evaM rahasyamayatA kI vivecanA koI sAmAnya bAta nahIM hai| jaina siddhAntoM kA pAragAmI, marmajJa evaM talasparzI jJAnavAn vyakti hI siddhAnta - viSayoM kI vivecanA meM samartha ho sakatA hai| nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI kA vaidUSya evaM pANDitya unakI kRtiyoM se svataH spaSTa hai / unake dvArA racita gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa evaM karmakANDa) kI gahanatA isakA supuSTa pramANa hai| isa grantha ke sadRza koI dUsarA grantha unake pUrvavartI yA paravartI AcAryoM dvArA nahIM racA gyaa| isa grantha kI viSaya-pravaNatA evaM vivecanazIlatA apratima hai| pratipAdya viSaya-vastu bhI usa rUpa meM anyatra durlabha hai| AcArya nemIcandra ne apane bodha (jJAna) kA saMdarzana nimna rUpa meM kiyA hai - - jaha cakkeNa ya cakkI chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM aviggheNa / taha mai cakkeNa mayA chakkhaNDaM sAhiyaM sammaM // 397 / / go.ka.
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________________ 30 jainavidyA - 19 ___ arthAt jisa prakAra (bharata kSetra ke) cakravartI ne chaha khaNDoM ko apane cakraratna se nirvighnarUpa se apane vaza meM kie usI prakAra maiMne bhI (buddhirUpa) cakra se chaha khaNDa (jIvasthAna, kSudrabaMdha, baMdha svAmI, vedanA khaNDa, vargaNA khaNDa aura mahAbaMdha) rUpa siddhAnta-zAstra ko samyakrUpa se sAdhA (jAnA) hai| sambhavataH isIlie AcArya nemIcandra vizeSa upAdhi 'siddhAntacakravartI' se vibhUSita evaM vikhyAta hue| niHsandeha ve atyanta prabhAvazAlI aura siddhAnta-zAstra ke marmajJa vidvAna the| unake dvArA racita granthoM se unakI AgamajJatA evaM agAdha jJAna-garimA kA anumAna sahaja hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ___ yadyapi AcArya nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI jinhoMne siddhAnta-granthoM kI racanA kI, ke viSaya meM adhika jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu itanA spaSTa hai ki ve cAmuNDa rAya ke samakAlIna gyArahavIM zatI ke vidvAna the| kyoMki AcArya nemIcandra ne caitrazuklA paMcamI, ravivAra, 22 mArca, san 1028 meM cAmuNDarAya dvArA nirmApita zravaNavelagolA meM sthApita gommaTasvAmI bAhubalI kI adbhuta, apratima, kalAtmaka vizAla mUrti kI pratiSThA kI thii| upalabdha pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki zrImannemicandra siddhAntacakravartI aura cAmuNDarAya donoM ajitasenAcArya ke ziSya the| cAmuNDarAya ne nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI kA bhI ziSyatva grahaNa kiyA thaa| maMtrI pravara cAmuNDarAya ne AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI se bhI zikSA grahaNa kI thii| AcArya ajitasena gaMgavazI rAjA mArasena, kAcamalla caturtha tathA senApati cAmuNDarAya ke hI guru nahIM the, apitu kannar3a bhASA ke suprasiddha kaviratna, cAmuNDarAya ke suputra, jinadevana, kanakasena dvitIya ke bhI guru the| gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM ajitasenAcArya kA ullekha nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai - ajjajaseNaguNagaNa samUha saMdhAri ajiyaseNa guru| bhuvaNaguru jassa guru so rAo gommaTo jayaU / 933 / arthAt AcArya zrI Aryasena ke aneka guNoM ko dhAraNa karanevAle tathA tIna loka ke guru AcArya ajitasena jinake guru haiM ve zrI gommaTarAya (cAmuNDarAya) jayavanta hoM / cAmuNDarAya kI preraNA se hI nemIcandrAcArya ne praznottara-rUpa meM 'gommaTasAra' kI racanA kI thii| 'gommaTa' cAmuNDarAya kA gharelU nAma thaa| kannar3a aura marAThI bhASA meM 'gommaTa' zabda kA artha vyavahAra uttama, sundara, AkarSaka evaM prasanna karanevAlA artha meM hotA hai| vastutaH 'gommaTa' zabda uttama kA vAcaka hai aura 'rAya' rAjA vAcaka hotA hai / ata: gommaTarAya kA artha huA - uttama raajaa| cAmuNDarAya vastutaH vIra senApati the jinake vyaktitva meM bAhubala aura buddhibala, asi-kauzala aura Atma-kauzala tathA pracaNDatA aura sAhityikatA kA jo vilakSaNa evaM adbhuta samanvaya lakSita hotA hai vaha ina AcAryoM kI guru-kRpA kA hI phala thaa| prApta ullekhoM se yaha suspaSTa hai ki zrImannemicandrAcArya kA gommaTarAya ke prati vizeSa sneha, lagAva aura anugraha thaa| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki gurubhAI hone ke nAte ve gommaTarAya ko vizeSa sammAna dete hoN| kyoMki unake dvArA likhita grantha 'gommaTasAra' meM gommaTarAya ke nAma kI pradhAnatA
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 hai jisakA abhipretArtha gommaTa ke lie khIMcA gayA pUrva ke SaTkhaNDAgama tathA dhavalA Adi granthoM kA sAra hai, jaisA ki karmakANDa kI nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai gommaTa - saMgahasuttaM gommaTasiMharuvAri gommaTa jiNo yo / gommaTarAya viNirmimaya dakkhiNa kukkuDajiNo jayaU // 968 // arthAt gommaTarAya ke lie ( preraNA rUpa se) likhA gayA yaha gommaTa saMgraha sUtra (gommaTasAra grantha yA paMca saMgraha), gommaTa - zikhara yA candragiri para sthApita mandira meM neminAtha bhagavAna kI eka-hastapramANa indranIlamaNi kI pratibhA evaM dakSiNa kukkuTa jina- bAhubali kI vizAlakAya prasiddha mUrti - ye sadA jayavanta hoM / 31 macandrAcArya kI uparyukta gAthA se yaha suspaSTa hai ki ve gommaTarAya ko sadA-sadA ke lie sthAyIrUpa se tIna mahAna kAryoM ke lie amara ghoSita kara ge| vastutaH inhIM tIna kAryoM meM cAmuNDarA kI khyAti hai / 1. gommaTa saMgraha sUtra kA artha hai - gommaTa ke lie kiyA gayA sArarUpa saMgraha graMtha jisakA nAma hai - 'gommaTasAra' / 2. 'gommaTa - jina' se abhiprAya hai neminAtha bhagavAna kI eka hAthapramANa indranIlamaNi kI pratimA jise gommaTarAya (cAmuNDarAya) ne banavAkara gommaTazikhara - candragiri para sthita apane maMdira meM sthApita kiyA thA, jisake sambandha meM kahA jAtA hai ki pahale cAmuNDarAya vasati meM vidyamAna thii| 3. 'dakSiNa kukkuTa jina' bhagavAna bAhubalI kI usa vizAla evaM prasiddha mUrti kA hI nAmAntara hai jo zravaNabelagola meM sthApita hai| yaha mUrti dakSiNa bhArata meM avasthita hai aura tapazcaraNa ke daurAna kukkuTa - sarpoM, vyAla - latAoM se veSTi hone ke kAraNa 'kukkuTa jina' kahalAtI hai / cAmuNDarAya unake parama bhakta the aura bhagavAna bAhubalI unake Izvara the| ataH ve 'gommaTezvara ' kahalAte haiM / zrImannemicandrAcArya ne svayaM ko AcArya abhayanandI kA ziSya batalAyA hai / abhayanandI mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke the, ve usa samaya ke uccakoTi ke saiddhAntika vidvAna the| nimna gAthA se unake isa kathana kI puSTi hotI hai idi nemicaMda muNiNA appasudeNabhayaNaMdi vaccheNa / raiyo tiloyasAro khamaMtu taM bahusudAiriyA / / 1018 // macandra ke atirikta vIranandI aura indranandI bhI inake ziSya the| ye donoM nemicandra ke jyeSTha guru bhAI the| isalie inhoMne una donoM ko gurutulya mAnakara unheM namaskAra kiyA hai aura svayaM ko unakA ziSya batalAyA hai| isakA pratipAdana gommaTasAra, karmakANDa meM nimna prakAra se kiyA hai - NamiNa, abhayadi suda- sAyara pAragiMdaNaMdi guruM / varavIraNaMdiNAhaM payaDINaM paccayaM vocchaM // 785 // Namaha guNarasaNabhUsaNa siddhaMtAmitya mahaddhi bhavabhAvaM / varavIraNaMdicaMdaM NimmalaguNamiMdaNaMdi guruM // 8974/
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________________ 32 jainavidyA - 19 labdhisAra meM unhoMne nimna prakAra se pratipAdana kiyA hai - vIriMdaNaMdivaccheNappasudeNa bhayaNaMdisisseNa / daMsaNa carittaladdhI su sUyiyA NemicaMdeNaM // 652 // 1 AcArya nemicandra (11vIM zatAbdI) ke samaya yadyapi siddhAnta - granthoM kI paryAptarUpeNa upalabdhatA thI, kintu ve bRhatkAya aura janasAmAnya ke lie na kevala durlabha apitu durUha bhI the| isake atirikta tatkAlIna vyavasthA ke anusAra ve grantha usa yuga meM surakSA kI dRSTi se rUpeNa saMrakSita kie jAte the / ataH siddhAnta-granthoM ke svAdhyAya kI lokopayogitA kI dRSTi sArabhUta granthoM kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava usa samaya tIvratA se kiyA jA rahA thaa| janasAmAnya dvArA bRhatkAya granthoM kA adhyayana - svAdhyAya duSkara pratIta ho rahA thaa| jisase prerita hokara AcArya nemicandra jaise vidvatpravara ne bRhatkAya siddhAnta-granthoM kA sAra lipibaddha kiyA / pramukha siddhAnta-granthoM meM AcArya guNabhadra dvArA racita 'kaSAyapAhuDasuta' tathA AcArya puSpadanta va bhUtabali dvArA racita 'SaTkhaNDAgama' IsA kI dvitIya zatAbdI taka prAmANikarUpa se pratiSThApita aura prasiddhi ko prApta kara cuke the| inheM dravyAnuyoga aura karaNAnuyoga-viSayaka paramparA meM pramukha mAnA jAtA hai| paravartI AcAryoM dvArA ina granthoM para samaya-samaya para TIkAe~ likhI gaIM jo sahasroM zlokapramANa thiiN| gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka ve TIkAe~ upalabdha rahIM, kintu usake pazcAt aneka vilupta ho giiN| pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya yativRSabha ke kucha grantha upalabdha haiM jinameM 'tiloyapaNNatti' mukhya hai| isa grantha meM tInoM lokoM kI bRhad carcA karate hue gaNita ke AdhAroM ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra gaNita, nyAya, pramANa, naya aura nikSepa se ota-prota vizAla sAmagrI AcArya nemicandra ke samaya samupalabdha thI / AcArya nemicandra dvArA likhita granthoM kA pratipAdya viSaya karmasiddhAnta kI vivecanA liye gaNitIya upakrama hai| unhoMne vibhinna sthaloM para gaNita kA AdhAra lete hue siddhAntoM kI vivecanA kI hai to aneka sthaloM para gaNita kA digdarzana bhI kiyA hai / SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama pA~ca khaNDa se 'gommaTasAra jIvakANDa' kI racanA kI hogI aura antima khaNDa mahAbaMdha se 'karmakANDa' kI racanA kI hogii| ina granthoM se gaNitIya AdhAra kA nirmANa karanA unakI maulika vizeSatA hai / isI prakAra unhoMne tiloyapaNNattI Adi granthoM se 'trilokasAra' kA nirmANa kiyA hogA tathA yativRSabhAdi AcAryoM ke kaSAya prAbhRt cUrNisUtra Adi grantha ke pazcima skandha se 'labdhisAra' kI racanA kI hogii| AcArya nemicandra ne jIva - siddhAnta aura karma - siddhAnta para AdhArita 'gommaTasAra' grantha kI racanA kI jo gaNitIya upakrama evaM gaNitIya saMdRSTiyoM se paripUrNa hai / yaha vizeSatA anya granthoM meM dekhane ko nahIM milatI hai| gaNitIya nirvacana sAmAnyataH aMka-paddhati para AdhArita hote haiM / ve binA pratIkoM ke sugamya aura subodha nahIM ho skte| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki maulika evaM svatantrarUpa se nemicandrAcArya ke samaya se hI cAmuNDarAya Adi ke dvArA gaNitIya pratIkoM kA sUtrapAta kiyA gyaa| kyoMki nemicandrAcArya ke pUrvavartI vIrasenAcArya kI TIkA meM zabdoM aura
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 vAkyoM tathA dravyapramANAnugama meM aneka sthaloM para jo gaNitIya nirvacana Ae haiM unameM pratIkoM kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya vIrasena se pUrvavartI AcArya bhI TIkAeM sUtrabaddha hI karate rahe haiN| gaNitIya prasaMgoM meM pratIkabaddha sAmagrI nemicandra ke paravartI AcAryoM dvArA kI gaI TIkAoM meM hI milatI hai| gommaTasAra grantha aneka dRSTiyoM se mahatvapUrNa hai| jIva tattva evaM karma-sambandhI vivecanA usakA mukhya pratipAdya hai| jIvakANDa meM jIvana-varNana ke atirikta jIva se sambaddha aneka prakaraNoM kA bhI varNana hai| isameM jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda batalAte hue unake eka se dasa taka, caudaha, unnIsa, sattAvana aura aTThAnave bheda kahe haiM / inheM ve jIva-samAsa kahate haiM / TIkAkAra ne gaNita kA upayoga karate hue 190, 380, 570 tathA 406 jIva samAsa bhI ginAe haiM / jIvakANDa meM kie gae pratipAdana ke anusAra zarIra-paryApti ke pUrNa nahIM hone taka jIva nivRtya paryApti (racanA kI apUrNatA) evaM yogya paryAptiyoM ke pUrNa nahIM hone se antamuhUrta meM mRtyu ko prApta honevAle jIva ko labdhi-aparyApta kahA gayA hai / jIvakANDa meM prANasambandhI vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha paryAptiyoM kA vivecana bhI kiyA gayA hai| anya granthoM meM jahA~ caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM kA varNana milatA hai, vahA~ jIvakANDa meM tIna prakAra kI AkRtiyoM ke sAtha nau guNa-yoniyoM aura tIna janma-prakAroM kA bhI vizada varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra Ayu aura avagAhanA sambandhI vivaraNa ke sAthasAtha kula koTiyoM evaM saMjJAoM kA varNana bhI milatA hai| jIvakANDa meM lagabhaga 500 gAthAoM meM caudaha mArgaNAdvAroM ke mAdhyama se jIvoM kA vizada nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta prIti-vihInatA, tiryaktA, mana-karma-kuzalatA, Rddhi-sukha-divyatA evaM janma-maraNa rahitatA ke AdhAra para pAMca gatiyoM meM jIvoM ke pramANa kA vivaraNa hai| manuSya jIvoM ke viSaya meM batalAyA gayA hai ki unameM tIna cauthAI mAnuSiyA~ hotI haiN| mAnuSiyoM se tIna-sAta gune sarvArthasiddhi ke deva hote haiM / paryApti manuSyoM kI saMkhyA 3x1028 batalAI gaI hai| isa prakAra jIva se sambaddha aneka prakaraNoM kA varNana jIvakANDa meM kiyA gayA hai| isakI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki prAyaH pratyeka vivaraNa meM saMkhyAtmakatA yA gaNitIya saMdRSTiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM / isase yaha suspaSTa hai ki jIvakANDa kA sampUrNa pratipAdya vijJajanoM ke bodhArtha hai, sAmAnyajanoM ke nhiiN| - isake atirikta manuSya ke svopArjita karmoM ke kAraNa usakI AtmA ko vibhinna prakAra ke sukha-duHkha, hAni-lAbha, yaza-apayaza Adi bhoganA par3atA hai| AtmA ko vibhinna yoniyoMgatiyoM meM janma lenA par3atA hai aura usakA zarIra mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai| isake mUla meM jo bhAva hai vaha hai - leshyaa| lezyA-sambandhI vistRta varNana gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM kiyA gayA hai jo jainadharma ke maulika cintana kI ora saMketa karatA hai / jIvakANDa meM lezyA sambandhI vivecana usakI maulika vizeSatA hai| lezyA kyA hotI hai yA lezyA kise kahate haiM - isakA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya pravara kahate haiM ki kaSAyoM ke udaya se raMjita yoga-pravRtti kA nAma lezyA hai / lezyAe~ jIva ke audayika bhAva haiM kyoMki lezyAe~ yoga aura kaSAyoM ke udaya se hotI haiN| gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM lezyA kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai -
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________________ 34 jainavidyA - 19 joga pauttI lessA, kasAya udayANuraMjiyA hoii| tatto doNNaM kajaM baMdhacaukkaM smudditthN||490|| arthAt kaSAyoM ke udaya se anuraMjita (sahita) yogoM kI pravRtti kA nAma hI lezyA hai| karmagrahaNa karane kI zakti kA nAma yoga hai| arthAt aMgopAMga aura zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se manovargaNA, vacana-vargaNA aura kAya-vargaNA - ina tIna vargaNAoM meM se kisI eka vargaNA kA avalambana karanevAlI-karma grahaNa karane kI jIva kI jo zakti hai usI kA nAma yoga hai| usa yoga ke ukta tIna vargaNAoM ke avalambana karane se tIna bheda ho jAte haiM, yathA - (1) manoyoga, (2) vacanayoga, (3) kAya yog| jisa vargaNA kA avalambana hotA hai, yoga kA nAma bhI vahI hotA hai| kintu kisI bhI eka yoga se karma-nokarma sabhI kA grahaNa hotA hai| itanA vizeSa hai ki eka samaya meM eka hI yoga hotA hai| yogoM se prakRti-bandha aura pradeza-bandha hote haiN| jisa jAti kI yoga-pravRtti hotI hai usI jAti kA karma grahaNa hotA hai| isa jIva ke prati samaya meM anantAnanta vargaNAoM kA samUharUpa eka samaya-prabaddha AtA hai| yathA - paramANahi aNaMtahi vaggaNasaNNA hu hodi ekkA hu| tAhi aNaMtahi NiyamA samayabaddho have ekko // 245 // go.jI. arthAt ananta paramANuoM kI milakara vargaNA saMjJA hai| aisI ananta vargaNAoM kA samUha samaya-prabaddha kahalAtA hai| samaya-prabaddha ke Ane meM yoga hI kAraNa hai| yoga ke nimitta se jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTa karma aura AhArAdi nokarma anantAnanta paramANuoM ke pariNAma ko liye hue khiMce Ate haiM / jo karma Ate . haiM unameM tIna prakAra kI vargaNAe~ hotI haiM - 1. gRhIta - jinako isa jIva ne pahale bhI kabhI grahaNa kiyA thaa| 2. agRhIta - jinako pahale kabhI grahaNa nahIM kiyA thaa| 3. gRhItAgRhIta - jinameM se kucha ko pahale grahaNa kiyA thA kucha navIna grahaNa kiyA hai| yoga ke sAtha hI kaSAyoM kA udaya rahatA hai| vaha (kaSAya kA udaya) Ae hue karmoM meM sthiti aura anubhAga bandha DAlatA hai| Ae hue karma, AtmA ke sAtha ba~dhe hue karma kitane kAla taka ThahareMge aura unameM kitanA rasa par3A hai - yaha kArya kaSAyoM kA hai| arthAt karmoM meM niyata kAla taka sthiti DAlanA aura unakI isa zakti meM hInAdhikatA karanA kaSAyoM kA kArya hai / jisa prakAra yogoM kI tIvratA se adhika karmoM kA grahaNa hotA hai usI prakAra kaSAyoM kI tIvratA se karmoM meM sthitibandha adhika par3atA hai, manda kaSAyoM se manda par3atA hai| isa prakAra prakRtibandha va pradezabandha yoga se hote haiM aura sthitibandha va anubhAga bandha kaSAya se hote haiN| yoga-kaSAya ke samudAya kA nAma hI lezyA hai| isaliye lezyA hI cAroM bandhoM kA kAraNa hai| lezyA ke do bheda haiM - (1) dravya lezyA aura (2) bhAva leshyaa|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) meM pratipAdita tathyAnusAra bhAva lezyA ke anusAra hI yaha jIva zubhAzubha karmoM kA bandha karatA hai / yathA - . liMpaI appIkIraI edIe NiyaapuNNapuNNaM c| jIvotti hodi lessA lessAguNa jANayakkhAdA ||489||go.jii. arthAt jina bhAvoM se yaha AtmA puNya-pApa kA baMdha karatA hai unhIM bhAvoM ko AcAryoM ne lezyA kahA hai| lezyA ke prabhAva se jIva meM kauna-kauna se zubhAzubha bhAva utpanna hote haiM-isakA varNana vistAra se gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa meM kiyA gayA hai| chahoM lezyAoMvAle jIvoM kI pahacAna ke lie una lezyAoMvAle jIvoM ke kArya kA samucita varNana gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa kI gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| kRSNa lezyAvAle jIva ke nimna lakSaNa batalAe gae haiM - caNDo NaM muccaI veraM bhaMDaNasIlo ya dhrmdyrhiyo| duTTho NaM ya edi vasaM lakkhaNameyaM tu kinnhss|| 509 ||go.jii. . arthAt kRSNa lezyAvAlA jIva tIvra krodha karatA hai, vaira ko nahIM chor3atA hai, yuddha (lar3AI jhagar3A) ke lie sadaiva tatpara rahatA hai, dharma-dayA se rahita hotA hai, duSTa hotA hai aura kisI ke vaza meM nahIM AtA hai| nIla lezyAvAle jIva ke nimna lakSaNa hote haiM - maMdo buddhivihINo NivviNNANI ya visayalolo y| mANI mAI ya tahA Alasso ceva bhejjo y||510|| NidAvaMcaNabahulo dhaNadhaNNe hodi tivvasaNNA y| lakkhaNameyaM bhaNiyaM samAsado NIlalessassa // 511||go.jii. arthAt jo jIva manda, buddhi se rahita, ajJAnI, viSayoM kI lolupatAvAlA (indriyoM ke viSayAdhIna), mAnI, mAyAvI, AlasI, abhiprAya ko chipAnevAlA, ati nidrAlu, Thaga aura dhanadhAnya kI lolupatAvAlA hotA hai vaha jIva nIla lezyAvAlA batAyA gayA hai| kapota lezyAvAle jIva ke nimna lakSaNa batalAe gae haiM - rusaI jiMdaI aNNe, dUsai bahuso ya soybhybhulo| asuyai paribhavai paraM pasaMsaye appayaM bhuso||512|| NaM ya pattiyai paraM so appANaM yiva paraM pi mnnnnNto| thUsaI abhitthuvaMto Na ya jANai hANi vaDDhi vaa||513 // maraNaM patthei raNe, dei subahuMgapi thuvvamANo du| Na gaNai kajjAkajaM lakkhaNameyaM tu kAussa // 514||go.jii. arthAt ruSTa honevAlA, dUsaroM kI niMdA karanevAlA, dUsaroM ko doSI kahanevAlA, atyadhika . zakti aura bhaya karanevAlA, dUsare kI sampatti para IrSyA karanevAlA, dUsare kA tiraskAra karanevAlA,
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________________ 36 jainavidyA - 19 apanI atyadhika prazaMsA karanevAlA, dUsare para vizvAsa nahIM karanevAlA, apane samAna dUsaroM ko duSTa samajhanevAlA, stuti karane para prasanna honevAlA, apane hAni-lAbha ko nahIM samajhanevAlA, raNa (yuddha) meM marane kI icchA rakhanevAlA, apanI prazaMsA karanevAle ko dhana denevAlA aura kAryaakArya ko nahIM samajhanevAlA-ye lakSaNa kApota lezyAvAle jIva ke hote haiM / pIta lezyAvAle jIva ke lakSaNoM kA pratipAdana jIvakANDa meM nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai - jANai kajjAkajjaM seyamaseyaM ca svvsmpaasii| dayadAraNado ya midU lakkhaNameyaM tu teussa // 515 // arthAt jo kArya-akArya, sevya-asevya ko samajhatA hai, sabhI ke Upara sama-bhAva rakhatA hai, jo dayAbhAva rakhatA hai aura dAna meM tatpara rahatA hai vaha jIva pIta lezyAvAlA hotA hai| padma lezyAvAle jIva ke nimna lakSaNa pratipAdita kie gae haiM - cAgI bhaddo cokkho ujjuvakammo ya khamadi bhugNpi| sAhugurupUjaNarado lakkhaNameyaM . tu pammassa // 516 // arthAt padma lezyAvAlA jIva tyAgI (tyAga-dAna karanevAlA), bhadra pariNAmI (bhadra pariNAmavAlA), sukAryakArI, udyama karanevAlA, kSamAzIla (sahanazIla), sAdhu aura guruoM kI pUjA meM rata hotA hai| zukla lezyAvAle jIva ke nimna lakSaNa jIvakANDa meM batalAe gae haiM yaNa kuNai pakkhavAyaM Navi ya NidANaM samo ya svvesiN| Natthi ya rAyaddosA gehovi ya sukkalassassa // 517 // arthAt jo jIva pakSapAta nahIM karatA hai, nidAnabaMdha nahIM karatA hai, sabhI jIvoM meM samabhAva rakhatA (samadarzI hotA) hai, iSTa-aniSTa padArthoM meM rAga-dveSa se rahita tathA kuTumbIjanoM meM mamatvarahita hotA hai vaha zukla lezyAvAlA hotA hai| lezyA sambandhI uparyukta vivecana jIvakANDa kI maulika vizeSatA hai| inhIM lezyAgata bhAvoM ke anusAra yaha AtmA (jIva) Ayu aura gatiyoM kA baMdha karatA hai| jisa jIva kI jaisI lezyA hotI hai usI ke anusAra use Ayu aura gati kA bandha hotA hai / kRSNa Adi chahoM lezyAoM ke zubha sthAnoM meM yaha AtmA jaghanya se utkRSTa-paryanta manda, mandatara, mandatama rUpa se pariNamana karatA hai aura unhIM ke azubha sthAnoM meM utkRSTa se jaghanyaparyanta tIvratama, tIvratara, tIvrarUpa se pariNamana karatA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka meM ina chaha rUpoM se hAni-vRddhi hotI rahatI hai| AtmA ke saMkleza pariNAmoM kI jaisI-jaisI nyUnatA hotI hai vaise-vaise yaha AtmA kRSNa lezyA ko chor3akara nIla lezyA meM AtA hai aura nIla lezyA ko chor3akara kApota lezyA meM AtA hai| saMkleza kI kramazaH vRddhi hone para kApota se nIla aura nIla se kRSNa lezyA meM AtA hai| isa prakAra saMkleza bhAvoM kI hAni-vRddhi se yaha Atma azubha lezyAoM meM pariNamana karatA hai| isI prakAra vizuddhi kI
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________________ jainavidyA 19 vRddhi hone se yaha AtmA krama se pIta se padma aura padma se zukla meM AtA hai aura vizuddhi kI hAni hone se krama se zukla se padma aura padma se pIta lezyA meM AtA hai| isa prakAra vizuddha bhAvoM kI hAni - vRddhi se yaha AtmA zubha lezyAoM meM pariNamana karatA hai| 37 jaisA ki vidita hai ki samagra jaina vAGmaya adhyAtma - zAstra kahalAtA hai aura vaha cAra bhAgoM (bhedoM) meM vibhAjita hai - prathamAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga / gommaTasAra adhyAtma grantha hai aura yaha dravyAnuyoga ke antargata parigaNita hai / yathArtha vastu kA zraddhAna, vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha jJAna, tattvAnucintana aura tadartha niyamita svAdhyAya paramAvazyaka hai / adhyAtma viSayoM ke jJAna ke lie svAdhyAya kiyA jAtA hai aura svAdhyAya ke lie cAroM anuyogoM ke antarga sabhI zAstroM kA svAdhyAya svazaktyAnusAra apekSita hai / kevala zAstra vizeSa kA svAdhyAya yA mAtra tattvacarcA se zuddha-prabuddha AtmA kA lAbha sambhava nahIM hai, apitu tattvoM kA yathArtha zraddhA aura tadanurUpa unakA samyakjJAna evaM samyakcAritra ( anupAlana ) bhI paramAvazyaka hai| isa dRSTi se gommaTasAra grantha mahatvapUrNa hai / upayogitA evaM siddhAnta pratipAdana kI dRSTi se vaha apratima hai| jainadharma ke siddhAnta granthoM meM usakA pramukha sthAna hai| aise mahatvapUrNa aura upayogI grantha kA praNayana usake racayitA AcArya ke jJAna- gAmbhIrya, sUkSma dRSTi evaM vaidUSya ko svataH prakaTa karatA hai| bhAratIya cikitsA kendrIya pariSad 112 / e / blAka-sI, pAkeTa - sI, zAlImAra bAga, dillI- 110052
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________________ 38 jainavidyA - 19 pahiyA je chappurisA ...... pahiyA je chappurisA paribhaTTAraNNa mjhdesmmi| phalabhariyarUkkhamegaM pekkhittA te viciNtNti||507|| NimmUlakhaMdhasAhuvasAhaM chittuM ciNittu pddidaaii| . khAuM phalAi idi jaM maNeNa vayaNaM have kammaM // 508 // gommaTasAra (jIva.) - kRSNa Adi eka-eka lezyAvAle chaha pathika mArga bhUla gye| vana ke madhya meM phaloM se lade hue eka vRkSa ko dekhakara ve saba apane mana meM vicAra karane lagate haiM - - kRSNa lezyAvAlA pathika vicAra karatA hai ki vRkSa ko jar3a se ukhAr3akara isake phala khaauuNgaa| - nIla lezyAvAlA pathika vicAratA hai ki isa vRkSa ke skaMdha (tane) ko kATakara phala khaauuNgaa| - kapota lezyAvAlA pathika socatA hai ki isakI bar3I DAla kATakara phala khaauuNgaa| - tejo lezyAvAlA vicAratA hai - isakI choTI DAla kATakara phala khaauuNgaa| - padma lezyAvAlA vicAratA hai - vRkSa ko hAni na pahu~cAkara kevala phala hI tor3akara khaauuNgaa| - zukla lezyAvAlA vicAratA hai ki nIce gire hue phaloM ko hI khaauuNgaa| isa prakAra manapUrvaka jo vacana hotA hai vaha krama se una lezyAoM kA kArya hotA hai| saM. - DaoN. A. ne. upAdhyAya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela - 1997-1998 39 gommaTasAra ke kartA - zrI ramAkAnta jaina prAkRta bhASA meM kramazaH 734 aura 972 gAthAoM meM 'jIvakANDa' aura 'karmakANDa' nAma se do khaNDoM meM nibaddha siddhAnta grantha 'gommaTasAra' nAma se sAmAnyatayA jAnA jAtA hai| yaha nAma isa grantha para abhayacandra sUri siddhAntacakravartI dvArA 1275 I. meM saMskRta meM racita 'mandaprabodhikA TIkA' tathA kezavavarNI dvArA 1359 I. meM saMskRta mizrita kannaDa meM racita 'karNATavRtti jIvatattvapradIpikA' nAmaka TIkA meM milatA hai / mandaprabodhikA TIkA meM ise 'paJcasaMgrahazAstra' aura karNATavatti meM 'paJcasaMgrahaprapaJca' nAma bhI diyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne 'karmakANDa' kI gAthA 811 meM isakA nAma 'gommaTa saMgraha', gAthA 965 va 968 meM 'gommaTa saMgaha suttaM' tathA gAthA 972 meM 'gommaTa sUtra' diyA hai| 'gommaTasAra' zabda kA abhidhA artha hai gommaTa kA sAra arthAt - gommaTa nAmaka kisI viSayavastu athavA grantha kA saar-sNkssep| vivecya grantha meM mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhUta se uddhRta prathama siddhAnta grantha ke jIvasthAna, kSudrabandha, bandhasvAmitva, vedanAkhaNDa, vargaNAkhaNDa aura mahAbandha ina chaha khaNDoM meM vivecita jIvAdika viSayoM kA sAra-rUpa meM vivecana huA hai| isa vivecita viSayavastu aura mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRta ke lie 'gommaTa' saMjJA par3hane-sunane meM nahIM aaii| 'gommaTa saMgraha' kA artha gommaTa kA saMgraha yA saMkalana, 'gommaTa saMgaha suttaM' kA artha gommaTa kA saMgraha sUtra arthAt kinhIM gommaTa dvArA saMgrahIta sUtra tathA 'gommaTa sUtra' kA artha gommaTa kA sUtra hotA hai| 'karmakANDa' kI gAthA -
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________________ 40 gommaTa saMgaha suttaM gommaTadeveNa gommaTa raiyaM / NijjaraTuM kammANa jainavidyA - 19 taccaTThavadhAraNaTuM * arthAt karmoM kI nirjarA aura tattva kI avadhAraNA ke lie gommaTadeva ne uttama gommaTa saMgraha sUtra kI racanA kI, se bhI grantha ke uparyukta nAmoM ke ukta abhidhA artha dhvanita hote haiM aura granthakAra kA nAma gommaTadeva abhisUcita hotA hai / ca // 965 // yahA~ sarvaprathama yaha vicAraNIya hai ki yaha gommaTadeva kauna haiN| saMskRta TIkAkAra ne isa gAthA kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai - idaM gommaTasaMgrahasUtraM gommaTadevena zrIvardhamAnadevena gommaTaM / nayapramANaviSayaM racitam kimarthaM ? jJAnAvaraNAdi-karmanirjarArtham // arthAt-gommaTadeva zrIvardhamAnadeva ne gommaTa arthAt naya pramANaviSayaka yaha gommaTasAra saMgraha sUtra jJAnAvaraNa Adi karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie rcaa| isake anusAra zrIvardhamAnadeva grantha ke karttA haiM, kintu yaha vyAkhyA kitanI samIcIna hai, isa para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / sarvajJa kevali zrIvardhamAnadeva (bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI) dvAdazAMgavANI ke prastotA to the, kintu kyA unhoMne svayaM koI grantha racA thA, yaha kalpanAtIta hai| bhagavAna varddhamAna mahAvIra svAmI ke lie pracalita vibhinna nAmoM meM gommaTadeva nAma bhI sAmAnyatayA dekhane-sunane meM nahIM AyA hai| gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) kI prastAvanA meM siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki 'gommaTa' zabda na to saMskRta bhASA ke kozoM meM milatA hai aura na prAkRta bhASA ke kozoM meN| DaoN. AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye kA 'gommaTa' zIrSaka se eka lekha anekAnta, varSa 4 kI kiraNa tIna-cAra meM prakAzita huA thA jisameM unhoMne yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki bhAra kI Adhunika bhASAoM meM marAThI hI aisI bhASA hai jisameM yaha zabda (gommaTa) prAyaH vyavahRta huA hai| gommaTa zabda marAThI meM eka vizeSaNa hai aura usakA artha hai sApha, sundara, AkarSaka, acchA Adi / koMkaNI bhASA meM bhI 'gomTo' zabda hai aura usakA vahI artha hai jo marAThI meM hai | akSarazaH 'gommaTa' zabda kA artha hai - uttama Adi / kannar3a bhASA meM bhI 'gommaTa' zabda prasanna karanevAlA yA uttama ke artha meM tathA vizeSaNa evaM nAma ke rUpa meM vyavahRta huA hai| 'karmakANDa' kI uparyukta gAthA tathA gAthA 968, jo nimnavata hai, meM yaha zabda vizeSaNa aura nAma svarUpa eka se adhika vastuoM ke lie prayukta huA hai - - gommaTa saMgaha suttaM gommaTasiMharuvari gommaTajiNo ya / gommaTarAyaviNimmiya dakkhiNakukkuDajiNo jayau // pazcimI gaMga nareza mArasiMha dvitIya (961-974 I.) aura rAcamalla caturtha ( 975-984 I.) ke yazasvI senApati evaM mahAmAtya cAmuNDarAya kA eka anya nAma gommaTa hone kA ullekha epigrAphiyA karNATakA - bhAga do meM saM. 238 para aMkita san 1180 I. ke eka zilAlekha meM hone zAstrI ne sUcita kI hai| DaoN. upAdhye ne bhI apane uparyukta lekha meM ise cAmuNDarAya
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 kA gharelU nAma batalAyA hai aura isa AdhAra para cAmuNDarAya dvArA zravaNabelagolA meM pratiSThApita bAhubali svAmI kI mUrti kI 'gommaTezvara' arthAt 'gommaTa ke devatA' nAma se prasiddhi hone kI bAta bhI likhI hai| ukta mUrti ke 'gommaTezvara', 'gommaTeza', 'gommaTanAtha', 'gommaTasvAmI', 'gommaTajina' nAmoM se vikhyAta hone para kAlAntara meM dakSiNa bhArata meM anya sthAnoM para banI bAhubali svAmI kI mUrtiyoM ko bhI ina nAmoM se pukArA jAne lagA aura ye zabda bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke kaniSTha putra bAhubali ke nAma ke paryAyavAcI-se ho gye| zaradacandra ghoSAla, nAthUrAma premI, jugamandaralAla jainI, govinda pai, zrIkaNTha zAstrI aura DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina sadRza vidvAnoM ne bhI bAhubali kA aparanAma gommaTa mAna liyaa| govinda pai ne to jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, varSa 4, kiraNa 2 meM prakAzita apane lekha meM yahA~ taka likhA hai ki saMskRta zabda 'manmatha', jisakA artha prema ke devatA kAmadeva hai, se bigar3akara 'gommaTa' zabda banA hai| cUMki jaina paramparA meM 24 kAmadevoM meM RSabhaputra bAhubali prathama kAmadeva mAne gaye haiM, ataH unheM bAhubali ke liye 'gommaTa' nAma kA prayoga yuktisaMgata lgaa| yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki 'gommaTasAra' grantha meM vivecita viSayavastu se aura grantha kartRtva se bAhubali kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| ataH karmakANDa kI gAthA 965 meM ullikhita 'gommaTadeva' aura 'gommaTa saMgraha sUtra' ke prasaMga meM gommaTa kA artha bAhubali prAsaMgika nahIM hai| isa grantha para kannar3a meM vIramArtaNDI' nAmaka TIkA racanevAle ukta cAmuNDarAya aparanAma gommaTarAya ke lie bhI 'gommaTadevena raiyaM gommaTa saMgaha suttaM' rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA ho, aisA nahIM lgtaa| . govinda pai ne apane ukta lekha meM yaha bhI likhA hai ki 'gommaTa' kA artha 'go' arthAt 'vANI ke devatA' bhI hotA hai aura yaha zabda bhagavAna mahAvIra ke lie prayukta hotA thA aura yaha ki yaha zabda kisI bhI jinendra yA kevali, jinameM bAhubali bhI sammilita haiM, ke lie prayukta ho sakatA hai| unakI isa pratipatti ke pariprekSya meM to karmakANDa kI gAthA 965 kI saMskRta TIkA meM 'gommaTadevena zrIvardhamAnadevena' likhA jAnA bhI asaMgata nahIM pratIta hotA, aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kadAcit racanAkAra ne bhaktivaza dvAdazAMgavANI ke prastotA sarvajJa kevali zrIvardhamAnadeva (bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI) ko racanAkAra kA mAna dene ke lie aisA kiyA ho| jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI va bAhubali svAmI gommaTa kahalA sakate haiM aura cAmuNDarAya kA gharelU nAma gommaTa rahA ho sakatA hai, taba racanAkAra kA svayaM kA nAma bhI gommaTadeva rahe hone kI sambhAvanA ko pUrNatayA amAnya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yadi aisA rahA, to racanAkAra ne ukta gAthA 965 meM 'gommaTadeveNa' apane lie bhI abhidhA artha meM prayukta kiyA ho sakatA hai| kintu yaha abhI gaveSaNA kA viSaya hai| grantha apane racanAkAra ke viSaya meM prAyaH mauna hai| kevala 'karmakANDa' kI gAthA 408 meM abhayanandi kA sAdara ullekha karate hue nemicandra nAma AyA hai aura gAthA 967, jo eka rUpaka ke rUpa meM hai aura nimnavata hai, se racanAkAra kA nAma bemicandra dhvanita hotA hai - siddhaMtudayataDuggaya Nimmalavara nnemicndkrvliyaa| guNarayaNabhUSaNaMbuhivelA bharau bhuvnnylN||
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 jisakA artha hai ki siddhAntarUpI udayAcala ke taTa para udita nirmala nemicandra kI kiraNa dvArA uThI guNaratnabhUSaNarUpI ambudhi (sAgara) kI belA (matirUpI lahareM) bhuvanatala ko pUrita kreN| isa grantha ke TIkAkAroM ne bhI isa grantha kA kartA nemicandra ko mAnA hai| ina TIkAoM se vidita hotA hai ki gaMga rAjavaMza ke mukuTamaNi rAjasarvajJa aneka guNanAmavAle zrImad rAcamalla deva mahArAja ke mahAmAtya zrImat cAmuNDarAya, jinakI raNaraMgamalla, asahAya parAkrama, guNaratnabhUSaNa, samyaktva ratnanilaya Adi sArthaka nAmoM se khyAti thI, ke dravyAnuyoga praznoM ke anurUpa ziSyajanoM ko prabodhita karane ke lie zrImat nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRta se uddhRta prathama siddhAnta-grantha ke jIvasthAna Adi chaha khaNDoM ke prameyAMza kA uddhAra karake gommaTasAra aparanAma paJcasaMgraha kI racanA kI thii| ina TIkAoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki grantha kI racanA cAmuNDarAya ke nimitta huI thii| ataH cAmuNDarAya, jinakA gharelU nAma gommaTarAya thA aura jinakA usa gharelU nAma se hI kadAcit unakA bAlasakhA hone ke kAraNa granthakAra ne isa grantha meM kaI sthAnoM para sAdara ullekha kiyA hai, ke nimitta racanA karane ke kAraNa isa grantha kA nAma granthakAra ne 'gommaTa saMgraha', 'gommaTa saMgraha sUtra' aura 'gommaTa sUtra' arthAt gommaTarAya ke nimitta banAyA gayA saMgraha sUtra diyA hai| isI prakAra TIkAkAroM dvArA diye gaye nAma 'gommaTasAra' kA Azaya gommaTarAya ke nimitta sAra-rUpa meM race gaye siddhAnta grantha se hai, yadyapi unhoMne cAmuNDarAya ke nAma aura virudoM ke sAtha gommaTarAya nAma kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| TIkAkAroM dvArA isa grantha ke lie prayukta 'paJcasaMgrahazAstra' aura 'paJcasaMgrahaprapaJca' nAmoM kI sArthakatA kI vivecanA karate hue paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne apanI ukta prastAvanA meM sUcita kiyA hai ki vartamAna meM 'paJcasaMgraha' nAma ke cAra grantha haiM - do prAkRta meM aura do saMskRta meN| prAkRta meM eka paJcasaMgraha digambara paramparA kA hai aura eka zvetAmbara paramparA kaa| saMskRta ke donoM paJcasaMgraha prAkRta paJcasaMgraha ke rUpAntara haiN| digambara prAkRta paJcasaMgraha vIrasena svAmI kI dhavalA TIkA se bhI prAcIna hai| isa paJcasaMgraha meM pA~ca prakaraNa haiM - jIvasamAsa, prakRti samutkIrtana, karmastava, zataka aura sptikaa| dhavalA meM isa prAkRta paJcasaMgraha kI bahuta-sI gAthAe~ uddhRta haiN| satprarUpaNA kI dhavalA TIkA meM uddhRta lagabhaga 125 gAthAe~ jIvasamAsa nAmaka adhikAra kI haiM tathA kucha gAthAe~ paJcasaMgraha ke anya adhikAroM kI bhI uddhRta haiM / cU~ki isI dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para AcArya nemicandra ne gommaTasAra kA saMgraha kiyA thA, ataH paJcasaMgraha se paricita usake TIkAkAroM ne use paMcasaMgraha nAma dekara ucita kiyA hai| ___DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ne jIvakANDa para apane sampAdakIya meM antakSyioM aura bahirsAkSyoM ke AdhAra para isakA racanAkAla 983-984 I. anumAnita kiyA hai| isa grantha para racI gaI pramukha TIkAe~ pA~ca haiM - (1) cAmuNDarAya dvArA usI kAla meM kannaDa meM racI 'vIramArtaNDI TIkA' jo aba anupalabdha hai; (2) abhayacandra sUri siddhAntacakravartI dvArA saMskRta meM racita 'mandaprabodhikA TIkA'; (3) kezavavarNI dvArA saMskRta mizrita kannaDa meM racita 'karNATavRtti jIvatattvapradIpikA; (4) kezavavarNI kI TIkA ke AdhAra para bhaTTAraka nemicandra (1515 I.) dvArA cittaur3a meM saMskRta
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 meM racita 'jIvatattvapradIpikA TIkA' aura (5) 1761 I. meM jayapura meM paM. ToDaramala dvArA DhUMDhArI bhASA meM racita 'samyakjJAna-candrikA ttiikaa|' SaTkhaNDAgama Adi siddhAnta granthoM meM pAraMgata hone ke phalasvarUpa AcArya nemicandra 'siddhAntacakravartI' ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hue| gommaTasAra se inake guru Adi kA koI spaSTa paricaya nahIM milatA hai / gommaTasAra ke atirikta trilokasAra (973 I.), labdhisAra, kSapaNasAra aura karmaprakRti inakI racanAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM, jinameM prathama tIna hI upalabdha haiN| dravyasaMgraha nAmaka grantha kI racanA kA zreya bhI zaradacandra ghoSAla aura paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne inheM diyA hai jabaki paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra ne use paravartI kisI anya nemicandra kI kRti mAnA hai| trilokasAra kI antima gAthA se vidita hotA hai ki usake racanAkAra nemicandra muni ke guru zrutajJAnI abhayanandi the| karmakANDa kI gAthA 408, 436 aura 785 meM bhI granthakAra ne abhayanaMdi kA guru rUpa meM sAdara ullekha kiyA hai aura gAthA 396, 436 aura 785 meM indranandi, kanakanaMdi aura vIranandi kA bhI unake sAtha guru-tulya sAdara ullekha kiyA hai| / yadyapi cAmuNDarAya ke guru Arya Aryasena ke ziSya AcArya ajitasena the, vaha nemicandra ko, jo kadAcit unake bAlasakhA rahe, guruvata sammAna dete the| zravaNabelagolA meM bAhubali mUrti ke pratiSThA mahotsava meM bhI nemicandra AcArya ajitasena ke sAtha rahe the| kadAcit mUrti kI pratiSThA ke uparAnta usakI dekharekha kA dAyitva cAmuNDarAya ne inheM sauMpA thA aura zravaNabelagolA maTha meM rahate hue inhoMne apane granthoM kI racanA kI thii| nemicandra apane viSaya meM pAraMgata vidvAna lekhaka the| inakI racanA gommaTasAra itanI lokapriya huI ki loga tadviSayaka SaTkhaNDAgama aura usa para racita vizada TIkAoM kA adhyayana karanA bhUla cle| jyoti nikuMja cAra bAga lakhanaU-226004
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________________ 44 -- - jainavidyA - 19 lakkhaNameyaM caMDo Na mucai veraM bhaMDaNasIlo ya dhammadayarahio / duTTho Na ya edi vasaM lakkhaNameyaM tu kiNhassa // 509 // ****... maMda buddhivihINo NivviNNANI ya visayalolo ya / mANI mAI ya tahA Alasso ceva bhejjo ya // 510 // NiddAvacanabahulo dhaNadhaNe hodi tivvasaNA ya / lakkhaNameyaM bhaNiyaM samAsado NIlalessassa // 511 // rUsai dii aNNe dUsai bahuso ya soyabhayabahulo / asuyai paribhavai paraM pasaMsaye appayaM bahuso // 512 // Naya pattiyai paraM so appANaM yiva paraM pi maNNaMto / thUsai abhitthuvaMto Na ya jANai hANi vaDDhi vA // 513 // maraNaM patthei raNe dei subahugaMpi thuvvamANo du / Na gaNai kajjAkajjaM lakkhaNameyaM tu kAussa // 514 // gommaTasAra (jIva ) tIvra krodhI ho, vaira na chor3e, lar3AI-jhagar3A karane kA svabhAva ho, dayA-dharma se rahita ho, duSTa aura nirdaya ho, kisI ke vaza meM na AtA ho ye kRSNa lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 509 | svacchanda athavA kArya karane meM manda ho, buddhihIna ho, vartamAna kArya ko na jAnatA ho, ajJAnI ho, sparzana Adi indriyoM ke viSaya meM lampaTa ho, abhimAnI ho, kuTila vRttivAlA mAyAcArI ho, karttavya karma meM AlasI ho, dUsaroM ke dvArA jisakA abhiprAya na jAnA jA sake- ye saba bhI kRSNa lezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| 510 | bahuta sotA ho, dUsaroM ko khUba ThagatA ho, dhana-dhAnya kI tIvra lAlasA ho- ye saMkSepa meM nIla zyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 5111 dUsaroM para bahuta krodha karatA ho, dUsaroM kI bahuta nindA karatA ho, dUsaroM ko bahudhA doSa lagAtA ho, bahuta zoka karatA ho, bahuta DaratA ho, dUsaroM ko acchA na dekha sakatA ho, anya kI nindA aura apanI bahuta prazaMsA karatA ho, dUsaroM kA vizvAsa na karatA ho, dUsaroM ko bhI apanI hI taraha avizvAsa karanevAlA mAnatA ho, prazaMsA karanevAle para parama prasanna ho, apanI aura para kI hAni - vRddhi kI paravAha na karatA ho, yuddha meM marane ko taiyAra ho, apanI stuti karanevAle ko bahuta kucha de DAlatA ho, kArya-akArya ko na jAne ye saba kapota zyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 512-514 / saM. - DaoN. A. ne. upAdhyAya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela - 1997-1998 gommaTasAra meM karmabaMdha : kAraNa aura nivAraNa - vidyAvAridhi DaoN. mahendrasAgara pracaMDiyA jar3a aura cetana kA samavAya saMsAra hai / saMsaraNazIlatA saMsAra kA mUla svabhAva hai| isa svabhAva ko karma sakriya rakhate haiM / darzanAvaraNIya, jJAnAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura vedanIya nAmaka ina vasu karmoM meM saMsAra ke anya sabhI karmakula antarbhukta ho jAte haiM / jIva inhIM karmoM ke kAraNa sAMsArika cakramaNa meM anAdi kAla se sakriya hai| janma-maraNa ke dAruNa duHkhoM ko bhoga rahA hai| karma-jAla meM phaMsakara prANI usase nikalane kA bAra-bAra prayAsa karatA hai para isase nikala pAnA itanA sarala aura sugama nahIM hai| isase nikalane kA ekamAtra upAya karma-jAla kATanA hI hai| siddhAntacakravartI AcArya zrI nemicandrakRta 'gommaTasAra' ke anusAra 'vasukarma baMdha ke kAraNa aura nivAraNa' viSayaka saMkSipta carcA karanA hamArA yahA~ mUlAbhipreta hai| ___ jIva aura usakI paryAya-zarIra kA sambandha kRta nahIM prAkRta hai aura isIlie vaha kahalAtA hai - prakRti / prakRti ko zIla aura svabhAva se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra sone meM mala kA anAdikAlIna sambandha hai usI prakAra jIva aura zarIra kA sambandha bhI anAdi hai| isa sambandha kA koI kartA nahIM hai| isakI yaha dazA svayaMbhU hai|'
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 dravya karma ATha hote haiM jinako do bhedoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai - ghAtiyA aura aghAtiyA / darzanAvaraNIya, jJAnAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma AtmA ke guNoM ko ghAtate haiM ataH ye ghAtiyA karma kahalAte haiM / Ayu, nAma, gotra aura vedanIya karma AtmA ke guNoM kA ghAta nahIM karate haiM ataH unheM aghAtiyA karma kahA jAtA hai| 46 karmoM kI avasthA se sambandhita katipaya zabdoM kA viziSTa prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, yathA utkarSaNa, saMkramaNa, apakarSaNa, udIraNA, udaya, upazAnta, nidhatta tathA nikaacit| ina zabdoM ke prayoga aura prayojana viziSTa hone se Aja ye sabhI pAribhASika zabda bana gae haiN| karmabaMdha, sthiti tathA rasa-phala kA bar3hanA vastutaH utkarSaNa kahalAtA hai| kisI karmarUpa prakRti kA kisI anyakarma prakRti rUpa meM badalanA saMkramaNa tathA kisI karma kI sthiti yA anubhAga kA kama honA kahalAtA hai - apakarSaNa / anodaya karma ko udaya meM lAnA udIraNA aura karma kA svakAla meM prApta phala denA vastutaH kahalAtA hai - udaya' / jo karma udIraNA avasthA ko prApta na ho sake use upazAnta aura jo karma udIraNA tathA saMkramaNa donoM se vaMcita raheM use nidhatta kahateM haiN| jisa karma kI udIraNA, saMkramaNa, utkarSaNa aura apakarSaNa avasthAyeM na hoM arthAt jinakA phala denA sunizcita ho use kahate haiM - nikAcita / jJAna aura zraddhAna anyonyAzrita sambandha rakhate haiN| zraddhAna ke binA jJAna aura binA jJAna ke zraddhAna kabhI pUrNa nahIM ho paate| donoM eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| inake bandha meM ve sabhI kAraNa pRthakpRthak rUpa se AdhArabhUta haiM / jo-jo karma-baMdha ke kAraNa haiM una sabakA abhAva hI bana jAtA hai - nivaarnn| jJAnavaMtoM kI avinaya karanA, jJAna-prApti tathA jJAna-dAna meM antarAya utpanna karanA, jo jJAna prazaMsanIya hai usakI nirbAdha anuzaMsA na karanA tathA usake prati dveSa rakhanA, sAtha hI jJAnavaMtoM kI tRSA aura kSudhA - zAnti meM vyavadhAna utpanna karanA, siddha- prasiddha dhArmika mAnyatAoM athavA dhAraNAoM meM dUSaNa lagAnA, tAttvika bAtoM meM abhiruci na lenA tathA unake sAtha dveSa rakhanA, jJAna ko chipAnA, apane guru ke nAma ko ujAgara na karanA, kisI ke prazaMsita pravacanoM para roka lagAnA tathA nindA karanA - ye saba kAraNa haiM jinase darzanAvaraNIya aura jJAnAvaraNIya karma ba~dhate haiM / uparyaMkita kAraNoM ke viparIta AcaraNa karane se darzanAvaraNIya aura jJAnAvaraNIya baMdha ke nivAraNa hote haiN| moha vastutaH karmabaMdha kA merudaNDa hai| moha ke vazIbhUta prANI mithyAtva se prabhAvita ho jAtA hai / bhava-bhramaNa kA mUlAdhAra hai - moha / moha karma-baMdha ko do bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - I (1) darzana moha aura ( 2 ) cAritra moha |
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 ___47 ___ jo jIva arihaMta-siddha kI pratimA, tapa, zAstra, guru, dharma aura saMgha ke pratikUla hokara inakA virodha aura nindA kare vaha jIva darzana moha karma bA~dhatA hai, phalasvarUpa vaha satata bhava-bhramaNa karatA hai / bhava-bhramaNa kI kahAnI lambI hai / jisake zraddhAna aura sammAna meM ina sabhI pratikUlatAoM ke prati koI kiMcit lagAva nahIM hotA aise jIvoM ke lie darzana mohanIya karma-baMdha kA nivAraNa saMbhava hai| jina jIvoM kI caryA meM tIvra kaSAya-krodha,mAna, mAyA aura lobha tathA hAsya, rati, arati Adi alpa kaSAya haiM aura jinakI caryA rAga-dveSa se saMtapta hai unake cAritra guNa kA ghAta hotA hai| isake viparIta AcaraNa karane se cAritra mohanIya karma-baMdha kA nivAraNa sambhava hai| Atmika guNoM ko ghAtanevAle karma-baMdhoM meM antarAya karma-baMdha kA sthAna antima aura ullekhanIya hai| jo jIva apane yA para ke prANoM kI hiMsA karane meM lIna ho tathA jo bhagavAn kI upAsanA aura mokSamArga meM vighna karanevAle hoM unako vastutaH antarAya karma kA baMdha hotA hai| isa karma-baMdha ke udaya se manoratha aura abhipreta prApti meM bAdhA aura vyavadhAna hotA hai| uparyaMkita kAraNoM ke viparIta AcaraNa karane se isa prakAra ke karma-baMdha kA nivAraNa kahalAtA hai| ghAtiyA karmabaMdha kI bhA~ti aghAtiyA karmabaMdha ke kAraNa aura nivAraNaparaka tathya para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa krama meM sarvaprathama hama yahA~ Ayu-karma-baMdha ke kAraNa para vicAra karate haiM / jo jIva mithyAdRSTi ho, ati ArambhI ho, zIlarahita ho, tIvra lobhI ho, raudra pariNAmI ho aura pApa karane meM paTu ho; vaha vastutaH narakAyu kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai / isake viparIta AcaraNa karane se isa baMdha kA nivAraNa hotA hai| naraka gati ke sAtha hI jaba jo jIva viparIta mArga kA upadezaka ho, samyak mArga kA vinAzaka ho, jo mAyAcArI ho, arthAt gUr3ha hRdayI tathA rahasyamayI ho, durjana ho aura mAyA-mithyAtva tathA nidAna zalyavAlA ho, aisA jIva tiryaMca gati kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai| isake viparIta AcaraNa karane se isakA nivAraNa hotA hai|" manuSya gati kI apanI mahimA hai| isa gati ko pAne ke lie prANI meM aneka guNoM ko jagAne kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| vaha prANI jo maMdakaSAya svabhAvavAlA hotA hai, dAnI hotA hai, zIla aura saMyama kI apekSA aura AkAMkSA rakhatA ho tathA jo madhyama guNa-sampanna ho, vaha manuSya Ayu kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai| ___ manuSya gati pAne ke lie devagaNa bhI lAlAyita rahate haiN| isakA mUla kAraNa hai ki isI gati ko prApta kara prANI tapa aura saMyama-sAdhanA karane kA suyoga prApta karatA hai tAki vaha janma-maraNa se muktyartha apane karma-kula ko kSayakara mokSa prApta kara ske| ___ isa dRSTi se manuSya gati ke baMdha ke nivAraNa kA koI aucitya nahIM hai, tathApi bhava-bhramaNa ke pratyAzI ajJAnI jIva isake viparIta kArya karane se manuSya gati-baMdha se mukta ho sakatA hai|
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________________ 48 jainavidyA - 19 deva-gati sukha-bhoga bhogane tathA Atma-utkarSa prApta karane ke lie parama Avazyaka hai| jo jIva samyagdRSTi hai vaha mAtra samyaktva ke dvArA, athavA mAtra aNuvratoM aura mahAvratoM ke balabUte para tathA jo mithyAdRSTi hai vaha Atma-bodha ke abhAva meM bhI tapa se yA akAma nirjarA se devAyu kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai| samyagdarzana ke kAraNa indragaNa apane agRhIta karmakSaya karane ke lie tapa aura saMyama-sAdhanA hetu manuSya gati prApta karane kI maMgala kAmanA karate haiN| deva-loka meM tapa aura saMyama-sAdhanA sampanna karanA prAyaH sulabha nahIM hai| jo jIva mana, vacana aura zarIra se kuTila ho, mAyAcArI ho, Atma-prazaMsaka ho athavA AkAMkSI ho vaha azubha nAma karma kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai| inake viparIta kArya karanevAlA jIva zubhanAma karma bA~dhA karatA hai| ___ vasukarmoM kI zrRMkhalA meM gotra-karma-baMdha antima hai| jo jIva arihaMtAdi paMca parameSThiyoM meM bhakti rakhatA ho, zAstroM meM rucivaMta ho, sad vicAroMvAlA ho vaha uccagotra ke baMdha bA~dhatA hai jabaki isake viparIta karanevAlA jIva nIca gotra kA baMdha bA~dhatA hai| ___isa prakAra prANI jo anAdikAla se vasu karmoM ke baMdha meM ba~dhatA calA A rahA hai, usake nivAraNArtha use cAritra-sAdhanA karane ke lie tadnusAra caryA karanA parama Avazyaka hotA hai| sAra aura sArAMza meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki mithyAtva karma baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa hai aura nivAraNa kA mukhya AdhAra hai - smyktv| ityalam! (1) payaDI sIla sahAvo jIvaMgANaM aNAi sNbNdho| kaNayovale malaM vA tANatthittaM sayaM siddhaM // 1 // - gommaTasAra, karmakANDa (2) AvaraNa mohavigghaM ghAdI jIva guNa ghaadnnttaado| AugaNAma godaM veyaNiyaM taha aghAditti // 9 // - vahI (3) kammANaM saMbaMdho baMdho ukkaTTaNaM have bddddhii| saMkamaNa maNatthagado hANI okaTThaNaM NAya // 438 / / - vahI (4) aNNatthaThiyassudaye saMthuhaNaMmudIraNA huatthittaM / sattaM sakAlapattaM udao hoditti NiddiTTho // 439 // - vahI (5) udaye saMkamamudaye causuvi dAdukameNa NosakkaM / uvasaMtaM ca NittiM NikAcidaM hodi jaM kammaM // 440 // - vahI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 (6) paDiNI gamantarAe uvaghAdo tappado snninnhvnno|| __AvaraNa dugaMbhUyo baMdhAdi accAsaNAedi / / 800 // - vahI (7) arahaMta siddhacediya tavasuda gurudhamma saMgha pddinniigo| vaMdhari daMsaNa mohaM aNaMta saMsArio jenn|| 802 // - vahI (8) tivva kasAo bahumoha pariNado raag-dos-sNttto|| baMdhadi carittamohaM duvihaM pi caritta guNaghAdI / / 803 // - vahI (9) pANavadhAdIsu rado, jiNa pUjA mokkhamagga vigghyro| ajjei aMtarAyaM, Na lahai jaM icchiyaM jeNaM // 810 / / - vahI (10) miccho hu mahAraMbho, NissIlo tivvaloha sNjutto| Nira yA ugaM Ni baMdhai, pAvamaI rudda prinnaamii|| 804 / / - vahI (11) ummaggadesago maggaNAsago, gUDhahiyaya maaillo| . saThasIlo ya sasallo, tirayAuM baMdhade jiivo|| 805 // - vahI (12) payaDIe taNukasAo dANaradI siilsNjmvihiinno| - majjhima guNehiM jutto maNuvAUM baMdhade jiivo|| 806 // - vahI (13) aNuvadamahavvadehiM ya vAlatavAkAmaNijjarAe y|| devAugaM NibaMdhai sammAiTThI ya jo jIvo // 807 // - vahI (14) maNa vayaNa kAyavakko mAillo gAravehiM pddibddho| asuhaM baMdhadi NAmaM tappaDivakkhehiM suhaNAmaM / / 808 // - vahI maMgala kalaza, ___394, sarvodayanagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha 202001
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________________ 50 jainavidyA - 19 Natthi ya rAyaddosA jANai kajjAkajaM seyamaseyaM ca svvsmpaasii| dayadANarado ya midU lakkhaNameyaM tu teussa // 515 // cAgI bhado cokkho ujjuvakammo ya khamadi bhugNpi| sAhugurupUjaNarado lakkhaNameyaM tu pammassa // 516 // Na ya kuNai pakkhavAyaM Navi ya NidANaM samo ya svvesiN| Natthi ya rAyaddosA gehovi ya sukklessss||517|| gommaTasAra (jIva.) - kArya-akArya ko tathA sevanIya-asevanIya ko jAnatA ho, sabako samAnarUpa se dekhatA ho, dayA aura dAna meM prIti rakhatA ho, mana-vacana-kAya se komala ho - ye tejolezyA ke lakSaNa haiM / 5151 - tyAgI ho, bhadra pariNAmI ho, sarala svabhAvI ho, zubha kArya meM udyamI ho, kaSTa aura aniSTa upadravoM ko saha sakatA ho, munijana aura gurujana kI pUjA meM prIti rakhatA ho - ye padma lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 5161 na pakSapAta karatA ho, na nidAna karatA ho, sabameM samAna bhAva rakhatA ho, iSTa-aniSTa meM rAgadveSa na karatA ho, putra-mitra-strI meM rAgI na ho - ye saba zukla lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 517 / saM. - DaoN. A. ne. upAdhyAya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela 1997-1998 51 siddhAntacakravarttI ke 'gommaTasAra' kA karmakANDa : karmasiddhAnta kA prAmANika sandarbha vidyAvAcaspati DaoN. zrIraMjanasUrideva AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI yugapravarttaka jaina cintakoM meM aitihAsika krozazilA ke saMsthApaka pramANapuruSa ke rUpa meM tato'dhika prakhyAta haiM / isIlie, inheM Arhata cintana kI mahanIya paramparA ke vistAraka Adhunika jaina cintaka puNyazloka AcArya nemicandra zAstrI ne 'sArasvatAcArya' zabda se vizeSita kiyA hai / (dra. : 'tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA', 'bhAga 2 ) zAstrIya racanA-jagat meM TIkAoM ke mAdhyama se artha-granthila viSayoM ko sugama aura subodha banAne kI paripATI prAcIna kAla se pracalita hai / AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravarttI (vikrama kI 10-11vIM zatI) isI paripATI ke kUTastha paripoSakoM meM pAMkteya haiN| vikrama ke navama zataka meM 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI 'dhavalA' (vIrasenAcArya) aura AcArya kundakunda ( IsavI prathama zatI) ke 'kaSAyaprAbhRta' kI cAra vibhaktiyoM para 'jayadhavalA' (jinasenAcArya dvitIya) TIkAoM kI racanA * ke bAda saiddhAntika vaiduSya kA mApadaNDa inhIM donoM TIkA-granthoM ko mAna liyA gayA aura inake adhyayana-anuzIlana kA sArvatrika pracAra huaa| jJAtavya hai, prAcInakAla meM kisI zAstrIyamUla grantha para likhI gaI TIkAe~ itanI maulika aura tAttvika hotI thIM ki unheM eka svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM paNDitoM kA samAdara prApta hotA thA /
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________________ 52 jainavidyA - 19 ___ kAlAntara meM ukta donoM, 'dhavalA'-'jayadhavalA' TIkAe~ jaba durgAhya pratIta hone lagIM, taba siddhAntacakravartI AcAryazrI ne ina TIkAoM ke mUla pratipAdya ke sArabhAga ko svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM gAthAbaddha kiyaa| dhavalA-siddhAnta kA anuzIlana karake 'gommaTasAra' aura 'jayadhavalA' TIkA kA manana karake 'labdhisAra' jaise kAlottIrNa granthoM kI inhoMne racanA kii| inheM siddhAntacakravartI kI upAdhi vidvajjagat kI ora se prApta huI thii| isa sandarbha meM inhoMne 'gommaTasAra' ke 'karmakANDa' meM isa prakAra nirdeza kiyA hai - jaha cakkeNa ya cakkI chakkhaMDaM sAhiyaM avigghenn| taha mai-cakkeNamayA chakkhaMDaM sAhiyaM smmN||397|| arthAt jisa prakAra cakravartI rAjA apane cakraratna se bhAratavarSa ke chahakhaNDoM ko binA kisI vighna-bAdhA ke svAyatta karatA hai, usI prakAra maiM (nemicandra) ne apane buddhicakra se chaha khaNDoM, yAnI SaTkhaNDAgama-siddhAnta ko samyak rIti se apane adhIna kiyA hai| jaina sAhityetihAsa meM 'gommaTasAra' kI jo AvirbhAva kathA aMkita hai vaha bar3I rocaka hai| gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamalla ke pradhAnamantrI aura senApati cAmuNDarAya ne AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI kA ziSyatva svIkAra kiyA thaa| apane apratihata yuddhakauzala se usane 'vIramArtaNDa' kI upAdhi Ayatta kI thii| usane maisUra-rAjya ke zramaNabelagolA meM avasthita vindhyaparvata para AdinAtha RSabhadeva ke kaniSTha putra tathA cakravartI bharata ke anuja bAhubalI svAmI kI sattAvana phuTa U~cI atizaya bhavya zilA-pratimA pratiSThApita karAI thI idhara uttara bhArata meM ayodhyAnareza cakravartI bharata ne apane tapodIpta anuja bAhubalI svAmI kI eka pratimA sthApita karAI thii| vaha pratimA kukkuTajAti ke bhayaMkara jaharIle nAgoM se vyApta hone ke kAraNa 'kukkuTajina' kahalAtI thii| uttara bhArata kI isa mUrti se bhinnatA batalAne ke lie cAmuNDarAya dvArA pratiSThApita pratimA 'dakSiNakukkuTajina' khlaaii| yaha prasaMga 'gommaTasAra' ke 'karmakANDa' nAmaka dUsare bhAga meM isa prakAra carcita hai - gommaTasaMgahasuttaM gommaTasiharuvari gommaTajiNo y| gommaTarAyaviNimmiya-dakkhiNakukkuDajiNo jyu||968|| arthAt gommaTasAra saMgraha, gommaTazikhara para virAjita gommaTasvAmI tathA gommaTarAya dvArA vinirmita 'dakSiNakukkuTajina' kI jaya ho| prAkRta-vAGmaya ke prajJApuruSa DaoNkTara AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye ke anusAra cAmuNDarAya apane parivAra meM 'gommaTa' nAma se jAnA jAtA thaa| usake isI nAma ke AdhAra para usake dvArA pratiSThApita bAhubalI svAmI kI pratimA kI saMjJA 'gommaTezvara' huii| 'gommaTezvara' kA artha hai - gommaTa (cAmuNDarAya) kA Izvara (devtaa)| kAlakrama se bAhubalI svAmI kI yathApratiSThApita pratimA apane pratiSThAtA se tadAtmatA prApta kara 'gommaTa' 'gommaTeza' yA 'gommaTezvara' nAma se lokoccarita hone lgii|
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________________ jainavidyA jJAtavya hai, AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne apane isa 'gommaTa' upanAmadhArI ziSya cAmuNDarAya ke jJAnonmeSa ke lie, 'SaTkhaNDAgama' se Akalita kara, jIvakANDa (kula 734 gAthAe~) aura karmakANDa (kula 972 gAthAe~) nAmaka do bhAgoM meM ziSya nAma se vyAharita 'gommaTasAra' grantha kI racanA kii| spaSTa hai ki 'gommaTasAra' SaTkhaNDAgama- paramparA kA grantha hai / isake prathama bhAga 'jIvakANDa' nAmase svatovyakta hai ki isameM jIvoM ke vibhinna AyAmoM kA svarUpa nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai aura dvitIya bhAga 'karmakANDa' meM karma siddhAnta ke vibhinna AyAmoM kA prajJApana-prarUpaNa huA hai, jisameM varNita viSayoM kA pallavana nau adhikAroM meM huA hai prakRti-samutkIrtana, bandhodayasattva sattvasthAnabhaMga, tricUlikA, sthAna- samutkIrttana, pratyaya, bhAvacUlikA, trikaraNa - cUlikA aura karmasthiti - racanA / - 19 AcAryazrI siddhAMtacakravartI ne isa karmakANDa meM karma - siddhAnta kA jaisA suvyavasthita, susambaddha evaM puMkhAnupuMkha nirUpaNa kiyA hai vaisA anyatra aprApya hai| jainadRSTi meM karma mukhyataH do prakAra kA hai - bhAvakarma aura dravyakarma / vastuta: bhAvakarma jainetara darzanoM, vizeSataH bauddhoM ke saMskAra tathA dravyakarma yogadarzana kI vRtti aura nyAya darzana kI pravRtti kA samAnAntara hai| anya darzanaM jahA~ rAga aura dveSa se AviSTa jIva kI kriyA ko karma kahate haiM aura isa karma ke kSaNika hone para bhI tajjanya saMskAra ko sthAyI mAnate haiM vahIM jainadarzana kA siddhAnta hai ki rAga aura dveSa se AviSTa jIva ke pratyeka karma yA kriyA ke sAtha eka prakAra kA ANavika dravya AtmA kI ora AkRSTa hotA hai aura usake rAga-dveSa ke pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara AtmA ke sAtha bandhako prApta karatA hai aura vahI dravya kAlAntara meM AtmA kI zubhAzubha-prApti meM nimitta banatA hai / jIva aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai / siddhAntacakravarttIjI kA karma-siddhAnta jainoM ke paramparAgata karma-siddhAnta ke hI anurUpa hai / parantu usakI upasthApanA zailI inakI apanI hai / saiddhAntika vyAkhyA ke krama meM upanyasta udAharaNa, nidarzana yA dRSTAnta bhI inake apane haiM / jaise karma ke svabhAva kI vivecanA karate hue inhoMne kahA hai - payaDI sIla sahAvo jIvaMgANAM kaNayovale malaM vA tANatthittaM sayaM annaaisNbNdho| 53 siddhaM // 2 // go. ka. arthAt jo kAraNa-nirapekSa hotA hai use prakRti yA zIla yA svabhAva kahate haiM / rAga-dveSa Adi rUpa meM pariNati AtmA kA svabhAva hai aura rAga-dveSa utpanna karanA karma kA svabhAva hai / jaise, sonA aura usameM nihita maila kA sambandha Adi hai, vaise hI jIva aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai| aura phira, jIva tathA karma kA astitva bhI to svataH siddha hai; kyoMki 'maiM' pratyaya se yadi AtmA yA jIva ke astitva kI siddhi hotI hai, to kisI ke daridra aura kisI ke dhanI hone se karma kA astitva pramANita hotA hai / siddhAntacakravarttIjI ne zaurasenI prAkRta kI prakRti aura pravRtti kI vividhatA aura vicitratA ke sAtha 'gommaTasAra' kI gAthAoM kI racanA kI hai| zaurasenI - nibaddha ina gAthAoM kI racanA
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 prakriyAgata ullekhanIya vizeSatA hai - samAsa - zailI meM arthagarbha bAtoM kI vismayakArI avatAraNA / isa sandarbha meM ATha prakAra ke karmoM ke nokarma-dravyakarma kI vivecanA meM racita upamA - dRSTAnta mUlaka nimnAMkita gAthA draSTavya hai - 54 paDapaDihArasimajjA AhAraM deha uccaNIcaM gaM / bhaMDArI mUlANaM NokammaM daviyakammaM tu // 69 // go. ka. arthAt jJAnAvaraNa kA nokarma-dravyakarma ghanA kanAta kA paradA hai; kyoMki vaha vastu ko vizeSa rUpa se grahaNa karane meM bAdhaka hotA hai| darzanAvaraNa kA nokarma-dravyakarma dvAra para niyukta dvArapAla hai; kyoMki vaha vastu ko sAmAnya rUpa se bhI dekhane meM bAdhaka hai| vedanIya kA nokarma-dravyakarma madhu se lipta talavAra kI dhAra hai, kyoMki usako cATane se pahale to madhu ke madhura AsvAda kA sukha milatA hai aura phira jIbha kaTa jAne se vedanA bhI hotI hai| mohanIya kA nokarma-dravyakarma madya ke samAna hai; kyoMki madyajanita madAndhatA ke kAraNa jIva ko samyagdarzana meM bAdhA pahu~catI hai| Ayu kA nokarma-dravyakarma cAra prakAra kA AhAra hai; kyoMki isa AhAra ke zarIra ke balAdhAna meM kAraNa hone se yaha usakI sthiti kA nimitta hotA hai| nAma kA nokarma-dravyakarma audArika Adi zarIra hai; kyoMki yaha yoga kA utpAdaka hone se audArika Adi zarIra ko utpanna karatA hai / gotra kA nokarma - dravyakarma ucca-nIca zarIra hai; kyoMki vaha ucca aura nIca kula ko vyakta karatA hai / antarAya kA nokarma-dravyakarma kRpaNa bhaNDArI hai; kyoMki vaha bhogopabhoga Adi kI vastuoM meM vighna DAlatA hai| gUr3ha viSaya ko samajhAne ke krama meM dRSTAntoM yA upamAoM kA Azraya lenA prAcIna vyAkhyAkAroM kI suparicita paddhati rahI hai| kahanA na hogA ki siddhAntacakravartIjI ne bhI viSaya-vivecanA ke krama meM isI paddhatiko mUlya diyA hai udAharaNArtha, nimnAMkita gAthA draSTavya hai - dehodayeNa sahio jIvo Aharadi kamma-NokammaM / paDisamayaM savvaMgaM tattAyasapiMDaovva jalaM // 3 // yahA~ siddhAntacakravarttIjI ne karma ko grahaNa karane kA mUla AdhAra zarIra ko mAnA hai| inakA Azaya hai ki jaise tapta lauhapiNDa apane cAroM ora ke pradezoM ke jala ko yA jalIya ArdratA ko khIMca letA hai, vaise hI zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya ke sAtha hI jIva apane aMgoM yA sabhI AtmapradezoM se karma - nokarma ko grahaNa karatA hai| tAttvikatA samajhAne ke lie AcArya zrI dvArA upamA alaMkAra kA upayoga tato'dhika sArthaka huA hai| isase viSayagata gUDhatA atizaya sugama ho gaI hai| isI prakAra Ayukarma kI bandha zakti ko samajhAne ke krama meM viSayagata artha - jATilya ko sarala banAne ke nimitta AcArya zrI dvArA liye gaye upamA alaMkAra ke Azraya kA eka aura nidarzana nimnAMkita gAthA meM draSTavya hai - kammakayamohavaDDhiya saMsArammi ya aNAdijuttammi / jIvassa avadvANaM karedi AU halivva NaraM // 11 // go.ka.
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________________ 55 jainavidyA - 19 arthAt Ayukarma kA udaya, karma-kRta ajJAna, asaMyama tathA mithyAtva ke dvArA vRddhi ko prApta anAdi saMsAra kI cAra gatiyoM (vanaspati, tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva) meM jIva ko usI prakAra roke rahatA hai, jisa prakAra kATha apane chidra meM paira DAlanevAle vyakti ko roke rahatA hai| yahA~ kATha' (hAla) upamAna aura Ayu karma kA udaya upameya kI apUrvatA tato'dhika Avarjaka bana par3I hai| vivecanA kI isase sarala paddhati aura kyA ho sakatI hai? avazya hI, AcAryazrI apanA pANDitya pradarzita karane ke utane pakSapAtI nahIM the, jitane ve karma-siddhAnta kI gahanatA ko AsAnI se janabodhya banAne ke AgrahI the| vastutaH, isa gAthA meM nihita arthagUDhatA ke vyaktIkaraNa ke lie laukika tattva se dIpta upamA ke viniyoga meM bimbAtmaka abhirAmatA darzanIya hai| sarala paribhASA ke mAdhyama se vastu-svarUpa ko sahajatA se bodhagamya karAne kI paddhati bhI AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI kI apanI hai| inakI yaha paddhati nimnAMkita gAthA meM draSTavya hai - kammattaNeNa ekkaM davvaM bhAvotti hodi duvihaM tu| poggalapiMDo davvaM tassatta bhAvakammaM tu||6||go.k. bhAvakarma aura dravyakarma ko paribhASita karate hue AcAryazrI ne ukta gAthA meM kahA hai ki sAmAnyataH karma, karma-svarUpa kI dRSTi se eka hai, para vaha dravya aura bhAva kI dRSTi se do prakAra kA hai| inameM dravyakarma pudgalapiNDa hai aura usa piNDa meM rahanevAlI phala dene kI zakti bhAvakarma hai| athavA, kArya meM kAraNa ke upacAra se ukta zakti dvArA utpanna ajJAna Adi bhI bhAvakarma haiN| AcAryazrI kI gAthAe~ kahIM-kahIM citrabandhAtmaka jaisI bhI hai jisakA nidarzana zabdAlaMkAraparamparA meM bahudhA upalabhya hai| prAcIna jainAcAryoM kI kAvya racanA-zailI kI yaha vizeSatA prAkRta aura saMskRta vAGmaya meM sArvatrika rUpa se prApta hotI hai| AcAryazrI dvArA prastuta zabda ke prAyogika camatkAra ke darzana nimnAMkita gAthA meM sulabha haiM - bAsUpa bAsUa varadiTThIo sUbAa suubaapjhnnnnkaalo| bIbIvaro bIbijahaNNakAlo sesANamevaM vayaNIyamedaM // 148 ||go.k. isa gAthA meM AcAryazrI ne ekendriya Adi jIvoM ke sthitibhedoM meM bAdara aura sUkSma ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, asaMjJI aura saMjJI ke paryApta aura aparyApta bheda se caudaha jIvasamAsoM meM utkRSTa aura jaghanya sthiti-bandha kA vibhAga darasAyA hai| prastuta vilakSaNa gAthA meM saMkSiptAkSaroM dvArA saMketita pUrNa zabda isa prakAra hai - bA-bAdara; sU-sUkSma; pa-paryAptaka; a-aparyAptaka; bI-dvIndriya; bi-dviindriy| kahanA na hogA ki siddhAntacakravartIjI artha-camatkAra ke vicakSaNa viniyoktA to the hI, mahAn zabdazAstrI bhI the| prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya ke marmajJa jaina dArzanikoM meM inakI dvitIyatA
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________________ 56 jainavidyA - 19 nahIM hai| karma-siddhAnta jaise adhyAtma-siddhAnta kA vipula varNana aura vivecana ke kAraNa AcAryazrI apanI siddhAntacakravartI, upAdhi ko akSarazaH anvartha karate haiM tathA 'sArasvatAcArya' kI garimA kA bhI adhikArapUrvaka saMvahana karate haiN| siddhAntacakravartIjI ne 'gommaTasAra' ke karmakANDa meM mUla aura uttara prakRtiyoM ke nokarmadravyakarma kA sodAharaNa vivecana vizada rUpa meM vistAra ke sAtha kiyA hai, jo karma-siddhAnta kI mImAMsA kA eka prAmANika sandarbha bana gayA hai| inakA yaha vivecana na kevala dhArmika yA dArzanika mahattva rakhatA hai, apitu isakA vaijJAnika mUlya bhI hai| yaha batAnA nahIM hogA ki jainadarzana eka vaijJAnika darzana hai aura isa darzana ko yaha vaijJAnika dRSTi nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI jaise zalAkApuruSopama manISiyoM kI sUkSmekSikApUrNa AnvIkSikI se prApta huI hai| 'gommaTasAra' kA karmakANDa karma-siddhAnta kA pAryantika grantha hai, jisameM isake pUrvavartI karma-siddhAnta viSayaka granthoM kA sAra ekatra sulabha hotA hai / isakA eka-eka adhikAra pAThaka aura zrotA ko nirvANa kA sukha detA hai| 'sattvasthAnabhaMga' ke bAre meM to spaSTa hI ukta prakAra kI udghoSaNA AcAryazrI ne kI hai - evaM sattaTThANaM savittharaM vaNiyaM mae smm| jo paDhai suNai bhAvai so pAvai NivvudiM sokkhaM ||395||go.k. ___pI. ena. sinhA kaoNlonI bhikhanA pahAr3I paTanA - 800006
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 aprela - 1997-1998 57 gaNitIya jinAgama gaMgA ke bhAgIratha : AcArya ziromaNi zrI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI - prophesara lakSmIcandra jaina evaM prophesara DaoN. padmAvatammA 1. bhUmikA ___ AinsTAina ne eka vyAkhyAna meM kahA - "sabhI anya vijJAnoM se Upara gaNita ko vizeSa pratiSThA prApta hone kA eka kAraNa yaha hai ki usakI pratijJaptiyA~ prakevala rUpa se nizcita evaM vivAdarahita hotI haiM vahIM anya vijJAnoM kI kucha sImA taka vivAdAspada hotI haiM tathA naye AviSkRta tathyoM dvArA nirasta kiye jAne ke satata saMkaTa meM hotI haiM / gaNita ke ucca sammAna kA dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki gaNita ke dvArA zuddha prAkRtika vijJAnoM meM kisI sImA taka jo nizcitatA praviSTa huI pAI jAtI hai vaha gaNita ke binA upalabdha nahIM ho sakatI thii|"" aNu-zakti udghATita karanevAle gaNitIya sUtroM ke praNetA AinsTAina ke uparokta sabala evaM pratyakSa pramANoM se yaha tathya pUrNataH spaSTa hai| jinAgama meM gaNita kI pratiSThA karAne kA sarvAdhika zreya AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ko jAnA caahiye| unhoMne Age AnevAlI pIr3hiyoM ke lie jainadharma ke sArabhUta pUrvo ke karma-siddhAnta viSayaka jaTilatama jJAnAMza ko gaNitIya sUtrabaddha racanAoM meM piro diyaa|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 isameM sandeha nahIM ki unake samakSa unake pUrvavartI AcAryoM ke na kevala maulika grantha varan una para racI gaIM vizAla TIkAe~ bhI upasthita rahI hoMgI jinake AdhAra para ve ananta dharmaprIti ke sAtha udghoSita kara sake - jaha cakkeNa ya cakkI chakkhaMDaM sAhiyaM avigghenn| taha maicakkeNa mayA chakkhaMDaM sAhiyaM samma yaha suvidita hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu (I.pU. caturtha sadI) evaM unake dIkSita ziSya samrATa candragupta maurya (prabhAcandrAcArya) ne milakara bAraha varSa ke samAdhikAla meM ekAnta sAdhanArata ho dakSiNa bhArata ke zravaNabelagola kI candragiri para nivAsa karate hue apane pUrvo kA karma-siddhAnta viSayaka gaNitamaya vijJAna dakSiNa bhArata kI AcArya-paramparA ko brAhmI evaM sundarI lipiyoM meM (vismRti se bacAne hetu) sauMpA hogaa| bhArata meM azoka kI brAhmI lipi se pUrva koI lipi upalabdha na hone se vilakSaNa pratibhAsampanna candragupta, jo yUnAna evaM yUnAnI lipi-jAnakAroM ke pragAr3ha saMbaMdha meM the, gaNita ko sundarI lipi aura bhASA ko brAhmI lipi se sampanna kara bhArata meM apane prazAsana ke atirikta, jaina zAsana ko sudRr3ha kara gye| yahI brAhmI- sundarI lipiyoM athavA ghanAkSarI-hInAkSarI lipiyoM meM aMkita jJAna kundakundAcArya, tumbulUra, zAmakuMDa, yativRSabhAcArya, samantabhadrAcArya, vIrasenAcAryA Adi kI paramparA meM aMtataH nemicandrAcArya ko prApta huA, jinake kArya para kezavavarNI kI karNATaka vRtti, muni nemicandra kI saMskRta TIkA evaM paMDita ToDaramala kI vizAla gaNitIya saMdRSTimayI TIkAe~ avatarita hotI calI aaiiN| IsvI sadI ke kucha pUrva evaM pazcAt AcArya guNadhara evaM AcArya dharasena ke ziSyoM; puSpadaMta evaM bhUtabali dvArA kramazaH jJAnapravAda pUrva evaM agrAyaNI pUrva ke kucha aMzamAtra ko lekara jaTilatama karma siddhAnta kI racanAe~ 'kasAya pAhuDa suttaM' evaM 'chakkhaMDAgama sUtra' rUpoM meM huiiN| gaNitamaya grantha saMdRSTi binA nirupayogI hote haiM ataH AvazyakatA AviSkAra kI jananI hai' ke anusAra yaha nirvivAda siddha ho jAtA hai ki sindhu-har3appA kI lipi vismRta ho jAne ke uparAnta bhArata meM zruta evaM smRti-vyavasthA calI AI, laukika evaM pAralaukika vyavahAra kriyA-kAMDoM meM, ata: gaNitamaya karma-siddhAnta ke ina granthoM tathA nemicandrAcArya dvArA racita gommaTasArAdi granthoM kI TIkAoM meM artha saMdRSTi, aMka saMdRSTi evaM AkAra rUpa saMdRSTiyoM kI paramparA dIkSita maurya candragupta ko hI ina lipiyoM ke AviSkAra kA zreya detI pratIta huI haiN| ___ isa prakAra nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI dvArA sUtrabaddha kI gaIM racanAe~ jo kramazaH gommaTasAra, labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra evaM trilokasAra nAma se suvikhyAta haiM apane Apa meM paripUrNa, kramabaddha, saralatA se grAhya, saMsthopayogI evaM aitihAsika rUpa le skiiN| unameM paramparAgata jJAna gaNitIya sAmagrI bharapUra A gaI jo sabhI matoM se vilakSaNa siddha huii| jahA~ taka nyAyagata pakSa the ve to tulanA kI vastu bana gaye aura bhAratIya nyAya ke aneka matoM se sIdhI Takkara meM A gaye kintu nemicandrAcArya dvArA cunI evaM racI gaI sAmagrI sIdhI gaNitIya thI, vizvaracanA sambandhI tathA sUkSmatama jagat ke rahasyoM se bharI vaijJAnika niyaMtraNa praNAlI rUpa vilakSaNa thI, ata: vaha apane Apa meM bhAratIya anya matoM se athavA vizva ke anya matoM se vilaga vizAlarUpa meM panapatI, cunautI rUpa meM utara aayii|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 2. trilokasAra - Adhunika prasaMga meM - trilokasAra kA viSaya jAnane se pUrva Adhunika khagola vidyA kI jAnakArI Avazyaka hai| khagola zabda kucha aise tathyoM kA dyotaka hai jinakA sambandha antarikSa kI gaharAiyoM aura vizvasaMracanA kI ikAiyoM se hai / koI bhI vastu kahA~ sthita hai, kaba se sthita hai, kisa dazA meM hai, usakI vigata dazA kyA thI, anAgata dazA kyA hogI aura dazA parivartana kA kAraNa kyA hai ye prazna hara yuga ke vicArakoM ko sarvapriya hote haiM aura unakI khoja -pipAsA kabhI nahIM miTatI hai| ina praznoM ko lekara sabase bar3I krAMti yUnAna, bhArata tathA cIna Adi prAcIna sabhyatAoM ke kendroM para dRSTigata hotI hai / ina kendroM para eka vicitra utsukatA jAgI ki vizva kI ghaTanAoM kA sampAdana kaise hotA hai? kyA koI kArya yA ghaTanA athavA kriyA ke pIche daivI, Adhidaivika zaktiyA~ hotI haiM, jina para niyaMtraNa karane ke lie unheM prasanna karanA hotA hai ? athavA koI devAdi ke aprasanna hone para aniSTakArI ghaTanAeM hotI haiM, jina para mAnava kA koI niyaMtraNa nahIM hotA hai ? 59 trilokasArAdi dvArA jainadharma meM isa niyaMtraNa - yogyatA kA adhyayana bar3I gaharAI se huaa| sabhI ghaTanAoM ko jo pudgala (matter) se sambandhita thI; unheM kAraNatA niyama (law of causation) ke antargata bAMdhA gyaa| pudgala aura jIva ke bIca bhI yaha niyama karma ke adhIna evaM kucha aura bhI svataMtra bhAvoM ke adhIna bAMdhA gyaa| yaha vizva meM aneka kendroM para prApya kAraNatA kA niyama tabhI sArthaka hotA hai jaba vigata, vartamAna aura anAgata kI tAratamya ghaTanAoM ke bIca ke sambandha rAzi rUpoM meM, parimANa puMja rUpoM meM tathA jaTila gaNitIya kalana rUpoM meM ThIka-ThIka vyavasthita kiyA jAtA hai / yahI saphalatA kA AdhAra rahA hai| 1 jahA~ prAcIna kAla meM adhyAtma zakti dvArA iMdriyoM aura mana se pare, saMvedanAoM se pare jJAna kA svarUpa maharSiyoM ne pA liyA thA vahA~ Aja kA vijJAna sUkSma vIkSaNa yaMtra, dUravIkSaNa yaMtra, rADAra, lesara, mesara prakSepayaMtra, upagraha jo aNuzakti se saMcAlita hokara gAijara kAunTara yA kampyUTarsa. Adi gaNaka yaMtroM dvArA vibhinna adhyayana se prApta vizAla sAmagrI prastuta kara rahA hai| zodha ke abhilekha-saMdeza kucha hI kSaNoM yA sekaNDa ke karor3aveM bhAga meM vizva ke eka chora se dUsare chora taka pahu~cAye jA rahe haiN| Aja kI isa vaijJAnika carama unnati kA prArambha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha tathA varddhamAna mahAvIra kAla kI krAMti se hotA hai jaba yUnAna meM thelIja (I.pU. 600 ) ne "Know thy self" ke sAtha grahaNa kAla batalAnA prArambha kiyA, devatAoM kI zakti ke matoM ko cunautI dii| pithegorasa (I.pU. 540) ne vizva meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA niyata batalAkara caducaMkamaNa (tetractys) se chUTane hetu mAMsa bhakSaNa niSedhakara ahiMsA kI pratiSThA meM hare paudhoM ko bhojana kI vastu se mukta kiyaa| jainAgama ke anusAra hara vastu aura ghaTanA ko saMkhyA pramANAdi se sambandhita kiyA, rekhAgaNita ko svayaMsiddha Adi se bAMdhakara saMgIta meM gaNita kA praveza kiyaa| sukarAta (I.pU. 415) ne tarka ko Agamana vidhi se puSTa kiyA tathA jIno (I.pU. 450 ) ne ananta evaM anantAMza viSayaka virodhAbhAsoM ko samaya aura AkAza kI saMracanAoM meM prastuta kara ghaTanAoM dvArA gati kA vizleSaNa kiyaa| jahA~ demokritasa (I.pU. 410 ) ne paramANuvAda ko sthApita kiyA, cIna meM bhI paramANuvAda kevala bhautikatA taka hI sImita rahA vahA~ jinAgama karma - paramANuoM ke gaNita
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________________ jainavidyA 19 kI carama sImAoM taka phuNcaa| arastU (I.pU. 384 ) ne tarka vAkyoM kA siddhAnta banAyA aura gaNita-vijJAna kI nIMva pletAna (I.pU. 427 ) ne ddaalii| yUDo (I.pU. 370 ) ne pRthvI kI golAI chAyA-mApa ke AdhAra para DAlI, vahIM jinAgama meM bhI chAyA - mApAdi ke AdhAra para yojana, grahAdigamana gati, yuga paddhati, gaganakhaMDAdi gaNanAe~ AIM tathA cIna meM bhI 'lI' ke AdhAra para yinayeMgAdi siddhAnta Age bddh'e| TAlemI (I.pU. dUsarI sadI) ne grahoM ke gamana ko vRtta gucchoM (epicycle) dvArA samajhAyA aura DAyofenTsa ( 275 e.DI.) ne yAMtrikI tathA udasthaitikI nIMva DAlI vahIM tiloyapaNatI Adi granthoM meM pAtAlAdi ke siddhAntoM dvArA samudra ke jvAra bhATAdi kA kAraNa batalAyA gayA / vahIM cIna meM lagabhaga isI samaya samudrI prANiyoM kA phUlanA aura saMkucana batalAyA gyaa| isa prakAra lagAtAra vijJAna tathA manovijJAna daivI - dAyaroM ko tor3akara yaMtra vijJAna dvArA sabhI ko kAraNatAoM para DhAlatA calA gyaa| cIna meM kanphyUzasa, lAotz2e Adi bhI dArzanika pakSoM ko vaijJAnika rUpa dete cale aaye| AkAzIyapiMDoM kA gahana adhyayana huA, naye siddhAnta bane tathA paMcAMgoM meM jaina paMcAMgoM kI bhA~ti sudhAra hue| 60 nyUTana (1642 I.) ne vijJAna - jagat meM abhUtapUrva kArya kara gati-saMbaMdhI niyamoM ko gurutvAkarSaNAdi AdhAra diyA, khagolIya piMDoM ke bIca dUriyA~ nikAlIM kintu aneka vidyuccumbakIya ghaTanAoM ko na samajhAyA jA sakA / bhautika kAraNatA ke dUsare pakSa meM maiksavela, lArenja, AinsTAina, plAMka Adi dvArA sthUlatama evaM sUkSmatama saMracanAoM meM AviSkRta kara prayukta kiye gye| isa prakAra Aja ke vaijJAnikoM ne bhautika ghaTanAoM ko gurutvAkarSaNa, vidyuccumbakIya evaM nAbhikIya zaktiyoM ke rahasyoM ko udghATita kara unameM ekasUtrIya siddhAnta meM pirone kA adbhuta prayAsa kiyA kintu AMzika saphalatA ko prApta kara sake / jIvazAstra meM bhI DI.ena.e.- Ara.ena.e. Adi jIvotpatti sAdhana siddhAnta Age bar3he, kintu bhautika zaktiyoM . ke sAtha ekasUtrI siddhAnta meM na piroye jA sake haiN| vahIM jinAgama ke karma siddhAnta (karaNa anuyoga siddhAnta para trilokasArAdi granthoM meM varNita ho) ekasUtrI siddhAnta kI racanA ko udghoSita kara prayogoM kI cunautI prastuta kara rahe haiM / ' loka (vizva) kitanA vizAla hai - kisI nIhArikA kA prakAza (1 sekaMDa meM 18600 mIla prati sekaNDa kI gati se) hamAre pAsa pahu~cane meM 5 karor3a varSa taka laga jAte haiM aura vaijJAnikoM ko saMdeha hai ki kyA ve hamase lagabhaga 4500 mIla prati sekaNDa kI gati se dUra hotI jA rahI haiM ? yadyapi AiMsTAina ne prakAza ke vega ko loka meM mahattama hI mAnA hai| kintu TekkhyAna kaNoM kI kalpanA inase bhI teja mAnI gaI hai, kintu jinAgama meM bhI loka parimiti meM mAnA gayA hai| ataH kisI bhI kaNAdi ko mahattama gati se adhika kA niSedha hai, isI prakAra laghutama gati se bhI laghutara kA niSedha hai kyoM ? paramANu, pradeza tathA samaya, sabhI sImita haiN| niyaMtraNa yogyatA vijJAna se amerikA apoloyAna 1969 meM caMndratala taka mAnavoM ko le gayA, jisameM 2,50,000 lAkha DAlara tathA anya mada meM 30,000 lAkha DAlara kharca huA thA / jJAta huA ki candratala kI caTTAne 370 karor3a varSa purAnI haiM aura vaha pRthvI kA aMza nahIM hai / antarikSa kI gaharAiyoM kAlI rAjI kI bhAMti eMTI meTara, bleka hola Adi bhI haiM / yaha sabhI jJAna prApta karane zodhakArya jahA~ lAkhoM
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________________ 61 jainavidyA - 19 prANiyoM ke AhAra ko chIna rahe haiM vahIM adhyAtma zakti dvArA unakA gahana paricaya prApta kiyA jA sakA thaa| sacamuca hI vaijJAnikoM jar3a aura cetana kI enaTrApI meM antara pAyA hai|' adhyAtma zakti se arjita jJAna ko trilokasAra meM samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| isa hetu anantAnanta AkAza ke madhya sImita loka sthApita kara usameM anya vibhinna dravyoM ko vaijJAnika rUpa dekara samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| khagola sambandhI dUriyA~ rAjUoM meM paramANu saMbaMdhI dUriyA~ sUcyaMgulAdi ke pradezoM dvArA mApI gayI haiN| eka prANa kA mAna 44462458/AvalikA prApta kiyA gayA hai jo 2880/3773 sekaNDa ke lagabhaga hai / eka Avali meM jaghanyayukta aMkhyAta samaya hote haiM, jisakI saMkhyA kI gaNanA kI jA sakatI hai| usI para AdhArita palyakAla ke samayoM kI saMkhyA hai, jisakA sambandha sUcyaMgula ke pradeza saMkhyA mApa se nimnalikhita hai - sUcyaMgula pradezasaMkhyA = palya ke samayoM kI rAzi meM usI rAzi kA utane bAra guNana jitanI palya kI arddhaccheda rAzi hotI hai| ___ ho sakatA hai ki maMdatama gati kI avadhAraNA dhruvIkaraNa jaisI ghaTanAoM para prakAza de skeN| khagola viSayaka jJAna meM jIva, pudgala, dharma dravya, adharma dravya, kAla dravya evaM AkAza dravya kI sattA nyAyasaMgata hai aura jIva, pudgala, kAla tathA AkAza rAziyA~ kramazaH anantaguNI rUpa meM 16, 16kha, 16 kha kha, 16 kha kha kha samaya evaM pradeza rUpa meM nyAyasaMgata siddha kI gaI haiN| avagAhana zakti ke AdhAra para pudgalAdi kI saMracanAdi ko tathA karma paramANumaya saMracanA ko nyAyasaMgata banAyA hai| ___ isI prakAra aneka prakAra kI rAziyoM kA alpabahutva caudaha dhArAoM ke dvArA sthAna evaM pada ke sthalavijJAna (topology) dvArA darzAyA gayA hai| yaha Adhunika jyAmiti kA sabase bar3A AviSkAra hai| jIva ke bhAvoM aura karma paramANuoM ke samIkaraNa banAne hetu pudgala dravyoM meM saMkhyeya, asaMkhyeya aura aupacArika ananta pradezoM ke pracaya hote haiN| bhAvoM aura saMvAdI karma paramANuoM, kAla aura AkAza ke khaMDoM meM samaya saMkhyA athavA pradeza saMkhyAdi kA alpabahutva darzAne ye dhArAe~ banAI gaI haiN| eka samaya meM eka pradeza aura usI avibhAgI samaya meM 14 rAjU kA atikramaNa maMdatama evaM tIvratama gati kA dyotaka hai| trilokasAra meM loka kI sImAe~, usake jyAmitIya khaNDa, cAroM ora se veSTita padArtha, bhaugolika, jyotiSa Adi ke vivaraNa bhI gaNita dvArA diye gaye haiN| Rtu, rAhU, karka, makara rAziyA~, madhyapradeza, dhArAe~, zalAkA gaNana ke sabhI siddhAnta (logarithms) Adi navIna vivaraNa haiM / loka kA AkAra 'puruSa', jo sarva prANiyoM meM sarvAdhika vikasita avasthA hai - kamara para hAtha rakhe hue puruSa ko cAroM ora ghumA dene para zaMku -samacchinnakoM se racita loka dRSTigata hotA hai jo 343 ghana rAjU nahIM hotA hai / vIrasenAcArya ne gaNitIya gaNanAdvArA usakA ghanaphala 343 ghana rAjU nizcita karane hetu use sphAna sadRza AkAravAlA loka nirdhArita kiyaa| isI loka meM jyotirloka tathA bhaugolika loka ko sthApita karane meM tIna prakAra ke aMguloM kA prayoga kiyA gayA - AtmAMgula, utsedhAMgula aura pramANAMgula, jahA~ chAyAmApa aura graha-gamanAdi rekhIya evaM koNIya mApa lagate the aura yathAvidhi itane hI prakAra ke yojana-prayukta kiye gye|
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________________ 62 jainavidyA - 19 rAjU kyA hai? usakI gaNanA asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudroM meM sthita jyotiSa bimboM kI saMkhyA para bhI AdhArita hai aura Urdhvaloka tathA adholoka kI sImAoM se bhI sambandhita hai| isa prakAra loka yA antarikSa kI gaharAiyA~ kevala dRSTa AkAzIya piNDoM para AdhArita nahIM haiM / usa antima dUrI se bhI 7 rAjU Upara tathA 7 rAjU nIce kI ora yaha loka (universe) vistRta hai| Upara svarga, nIce naraka, madhya meM tiryakloka aise pramANoM ko liye hai jo jIvoM sambandhI, svarga-naraka kI racanA tathA madhyaloka saMbaMdhI racanA lekara mAno karatala Amalakavat hai (trilokasAra 110) / svarga bhautika sukha kI sAMta sImAe~, narka nArakIya duHkha kI sAMta sImAe~ tathA siddhaloka siddha bhagavAnoM kI ananta sImAe~ Atmika sukha ko lekara hai| isa prakAra vibhinna prakAra ke lokoM kA digdarzana trilokasAra dvArA huA (144-207, 451-560) / ina lokoM meM jyotirloka bhI thA jisakI gaNanAe~ rahasya se bharI thii| cIna, bellina Adi dezoM meM bhI kucha inhIM prakAroM kI paddhati pracalita thii| patha ko dviguNita kara use vRttoM arthAt akSAMzoM aura dezAMzoM meM gaganakhaNDAdi rUpa meM tathA yojanoM meM nirUpita kara 1000 varSoM taka paMcavarSIya yugavAlA paMcAMga jArI rhaa| isameM vedAMgajyotiSa ke jJAna ke atirikta ayanAdi yukta naye-naye gaNana praviSTa kiye gye| candra aura sUrya ke gamana saMbaMdhI paMcAMga sthUlarUpa se, ausatarUpa se sahI the kintu graha-gamana sambandhI sAmagrI yativRSabha (pA~cavIM sadI) kAla meM hI vinaSTa ho cukI thii| ina jaina dharmagranthoM meM, yUnAniyoM evaM anya bhAratIya yA jaina jyotiSiyoM kI jyotiSa-paddhati praveza nahIM kara skii| dharma meM sarvajJatA yA kevalajJAna kA acala vizvAsa jainAcAryoM ko pUrva meM svIkRta paddhati se vicalita na kara skaa| yaha ekasUtrI paddhati para AdhArita jJAna thA jo sarvathA maulika thaa| isameM bIja DAle jA sakate the tathA grahagamana kI vahI yugapaddhati dvArA samAviSTa ho sakatI thI, kintu mAtra caMda tithiyoM para hI avalambita dhArmika utsava Adi para mukhyataH jora hone ke kAraNa phalita jyotiSa unheM AkarSita bAda ke kAla meM na kara sakA hogA ataH dRk jyotiSa se dUra hote hI yaha jJAna sImita raha gyaa| citrA pRthvI kyA hai? meru parvata kyA hai? citrA pRthvI se U~cAI kA kyA tAtparya hai? zodhakartAoM ne yaha pAyA ki meru parvata eka khagolIya akSa ke rUpa meM nirdezakoM kA citraNa karatA rahA hogA, jahA~ bhI isakI sthiti rahI ho, vaha bIcoM-bIca hI sthita hogI aura kahIM uttara dizA kI ora isakA prekSya rahA hogaa| citrA samatala ko bhUmadhya rekhIya samatala mAnA jAtA rahA ho jisase jyotirbimboM kI U~cAiyA~ yojana ke koNIya mApa detI rahI hoN| zeSa vivaraNa paMcAMga meM antarbhUta hai / caMdra aura sUrya Adi ke vAhaka deva usa prAcIna kAla kI yAda dilAte haiM jaba daivika aura Adhidaivika zaktiyoM kI mAnyatA thii| unameM vaijJAnika tathyoM kA praveza nahIM huA thaa| kyA jainamata meM ina agaNanIya zaktiyoMkI mAnyatA thI aura vaha bhI kisa sImA taka? yaha vicAraNIya hai| jaina mAnyatA meM eka dravya kI paryAyoM kA dUsare dravya kI paryAyoM para naimittika prabhAva mAnA gayA hai, jo upAdAna dravya kI yogyatA para nirbhara karatA hai / dravya kI dravyatA para trikAla meM koI prabhAva nahIM hotA hai - jIva jIva hI rahegA, kAladravya kAla hI, AkAza AkAza hI aura pudgala pudgala hI rhegaa| unake vizeSaguNa bhI vahIM rheNge| bAta kevala paryAya taka aTakatI hai, jo
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 samayavartI hotI hai| astu, sAMsArika yA daivika, nArakIya ghaTanAe~ cetana yA acetana meM nijanija karmAnusAra yA yogyatAnusAra ghaTita hotI haiM / mAtra jIva meM eka aisA pAriNAmika bhAva jIvatva, bhavyatva yA abhavyatva rUpa hotA hai, jahA~ vizuddhi kI pradhAnatA rahasyamaya prabhAva detI dRSTigata hotI hai| rAhu koI deva nahIM apitu vimAna kA nAma hai| ve bhI dina rAhu, parva rAhu, Rtu rAhu rUpa meM candrakalAcchAdana, grahaNa, saMvatsarAdi ke kalana meM upayukta hote haiN| asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudra kyA hai, unake digdarzana kA abhiprAya kyA hai? eka to loka kI sImA aura usameM karor3oM jyotirbimboM kA sthira evaM asthira vyavasthA ke abhiprAya se itane dvIpa samudroM kA eka samatala meM phailAva batalAyA gayA hai| ar3hAI dvIpa taka, mAnuSottara parvata ke isa ora taka vibhinna racanAoM se mAnasa-loka hai jisake Age manuSya kA jAnA sambhava nahIM thaa| dvIpa aura samudra ThIka vRttAkAra kisa tathya ke dyotaka haiM? ina sabhI bAtoM se pratIta hotA hai ki vistRta kSaitija samatala meM vibhAjana kI yojanA huI aura vRttAkAra kSaitijarUpa meM dvIpa samudroM ke maNDala se rajjU ke vistAra ko bharA gayA jisake dvArA palyopama, sAgaropama nAmaka aisI kAla-rAziyA~ utpanna kI gaIM jinakA sambaMdha karma sthitiyoM ko upamA mAna dvArA pratibodhita kiyA jA ske| - isI prakAra jambUdvIpa meM jyotiSIya evaM bhaugolika bodha bharA gyaa| AnupAtika rUpa se suspaSTa sthitiyA~, racanAeM aMkita karane hetu jambUdvIpa ko eka lAkha yojanavAlA niyata kiyA gyaa| yahA~ bhaugolika yojana ko kyA 9 mIla mAnA jAya yA kucha aura kama? lizka aura zarmA ne 49820 arthAt (44820-5000) yojanoM ko sAdRzya ke AdhAra para pRthvI ke gola ke 66deg meM mAnyatA dI hai| vahIM 510 yojanoM ko AtmAMgula paddhati meM 48deg kI mAnyatA dI hai| isa prakAra 66deg cApa kA mAna 510/48 x 66 = 701'/, yojana AtmAgula paddhati meM utsedhAMgula paddhati ke 1402'/, yojanoM meM parivartita ho jAte haiN| inhIM kA mAna cInI 'lI' mApa meM 1402'/, x 35 = 49087 mApa hotA hai| yaha mApa 49820 ke vizeSa nikaTa hai| unhoMne tadanusAra bhaugolika yojana ko pRthvI para 6'/, mIla ke lagabhaga mAnakara 701'/ yojana jambUdvIpa kI trijyA ko pRthvI kI trijyA, jo 4000 mIla ke lagabhaga hai, lA diyA hai| isI ke AdhAra para jyotiSa bimboM kI citrA pRthvI tala se U~cAiyA~ koNIya mApa meM bahuta kucha sahI A jAtI haiM jo Adhunika vaijJAnika mAna haiN|' trilokasAra meM varNita zreNisaMkalana mukhyataH samAntara zreNi tathA guNottara zreNi sambandhI hai jinakA upayoga vibhinna rUpa se nirmita nArakI athavA devoM ke nivAsoM kI saMkhyA ke saMkalana meM kiyA gayA hai| jaTila zreNi saMkalana ke rUpa meM jyotirbimboM kI kula saMkhyA loka meM prApta karanA rahA hai| isI prakAra zreNi saMkalana kA prayoga dvIpa-samudroM ke aMtaH madhya, bAhya vyAsa, jambUdvIpa ke kSetraphala se anya dvIpa samudroM ke kSetraphaloM kI tulanA athavA aneka prakAra ke inase sambandhita saMkalana meM huA hai / isa prakAra saMkhyA mAna evaM upamA mAna meM kramazaH vibhinna ikAiyA~ sthApita kara vibhinna prakAra rAziyoM kA bodha pramANa viSayaka karAyA jAnA dravya pramANa, kSetrapramANa, kAlapramANa tathA bhAvapramANa dvArA vyavasthita kiyA gayA hai| sattAtmaka rAziyoM ke pramANa kA ina racanAtmaka rAziyoM dvArA bodha karAnA Adhunika rAzi siddhAnta kA bhI viSaya banatA jA rahA hai|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 jisameM alpa bahutva (comparability) kI Adhunika paddhati jinAgama paddhati se pUrNa mela khAtI hai| 3. gommaTasAra evaM labdhisAra Adi (Adhunika prasaMga meM) __jahA~ trilokasAra dvArA zrI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne karma siddhAnta meM prayukta honevAle lokottara gaNita ko AdhAra rUpa sthApita kiyA, vahA~ gommaTasAra grantha meM aneka prakAra ke karma se nirmita jIvasthAnoM meM mArgaNAsthAna, guNasthAna, jIva-samAsa meM pAI jAnevAlI jIvarAziyoM kA aneka prakAra se vivecana dekara karma siddhAnta kI nIMva ddaalii| jIvakANDa meM vizeSa rUpa se jIva meM vizuddhi se phalita honevAle adhaHpravRta, apUrva evaM anivRtti karaNoM ke gaNitoM ko aMkasaMdRSTiyoM eka artha-saMdRSTiyoM dvArA pratibuddha kiye jAne hetu TIkAkAroM kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| ___ yahIM se rAzi siddhAntamaya gaNita prakaTa hotA hai| Aja kI system Theory meM jo kucha bhI gaNita kA prayoga huA hai vaha akhila vizva meM Ajataka kI prAyaH sabhI gaNitoM kA eka sAtha upayogarUpa hai| karma siddhAnta vastutaH System theory athavA praNAlI siddhAnta hai jo jaTilatama praNAlI rUpa meM jainAcAryoM ne pUrvo ke isa jJAna meM gaNita dvArA rAziyoM ke pArasparika sambandha sthApita karate hue prastuta kiyaa| isa karma siddhAnta meM gaNita kI vibhinna rAzi sambandhI kalana kI vizeSatA hone se sAmUhika rUpa ko samhAlanevAlA gaNita lagatA hai tAki guNasthAnoM meM hue karaNa Adi pariNAmoM se phalita honevAle karma matrices yA AbyUhoM yA yaMtroM ko digdarzita kiyA jA ske| spaSTa hai ki mAtra zabdoM dvArA na to kama jagaha meM gaNitIya nyAsa rakhA jA sakatA hai, na hI gaNitIya prakriyAoM se utpanna vidhiyoM ko darzAyA jA sakatA hai| ataH sUtrabaddha prarUpaNA kI TIkAoM meM sarvaprathama hI gaNita meM prayukta honevAlI sabhI rAziyoM, prakriyAoM Adi ke lie artha-saMdRSTi, usase sarala aMka-saMdRSTi tathA usase bhI sarala AkAra rUpa saMdRSTiyA~ vikasita kI giiN| Adhunika vidhiyA~ yaMtroM (matrices) ke kSetra meM bahuta Age nikala cukI haiM kyoMki ve rAzi athavA samUha ke samUha ko guccha rUpa lekara calatI haiM tathA pratikriyAoM se utpanna hue phaloM ko yaMtroM athavA TensaroM dvArA atyanta saMkSita rUpa meM vizAlatama prakriyAoM ko batalAte hue thor3I sI jagaha meM atyaMta jaTila jJAna ko saralatA se prastuta kara detI haiM / ataH gommaTasAra meM pAye jAnevAle jIva sambandhI nyAsa (data) ko (jo kramazaH jIvakANDa meM mAtra rAziyoM rUpa aura karmakANDa meM sthira samaya rUpa baMdha, udaya, sattva prakRtiyoM yA karma sthiti racanA rUpa upalabdha hai) kampyuTara meM prolAga bhASA meM rakhanA hotA hai / TUrabo sI plasa-plasa meM bhI yaha kArya ho sakatA hai| kintu jaba labdhisAra kA gatizIla samIkaraNa maya-viSaya AtA hai, usameM prakRti ke sAtha anubhAga, sthiti aura pradezoM kI badalatI huI rAziyA~ dikhAnA eka kaThina kArya ho jAtA hai| isa hetu hameM artificial intelligence (kRtrima buddhi) kampyU Tara meM bharane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, jaisI meDikala DAyagnosisa, eksaparTa sisTama yA robATa banAne meM prayukta hotI hai| isameM sandeha nahIM hai ki karma siddhAnta jaisI System Theory ko kampyUTara dvArA suvyavasthita isa rUpa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai ki sabhI prakAra ke vaijJAnika isa ekasUtrI siddhAnta se apane-apane adhyayana ke kSetroM meM lAbha le skeN|
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 65 isameM sandeha nahIM hai ki isa karmasiddhAnta ko prayoga kI vastu banAne hetu bhAgIratha prayAsa jaina samAja ko karane hoMge, kyoMki eka to isa jaTitalama gaNitIya sAmagrI ko Adhunika vaijJAnika sAmagrI ke jJAna (bodha) ke binA na kevala gaharAI se samajhanA sambhava hai varan use adhyApana aura zodha kI vastu bhI banAnA bar3A kaThina kArya hai| prAcIna aura arvAcIna ke bIca kI kar3I ko kauna nirmita kara sakegA, aisI kSamatA na to mAtra dhanADhya meM hai na usameM hai jo isameM ruci le sakA ho| ata: mAtra pradarzana yA mAtra vivAda kI vastu banAkara hamane pUrNa saMtoSa dhAraNa kara liyA hai ki yaha hamAre pUrvajoM kI virAsata meM milI nidhi mAtra hai jo hIroM yA javAharAtoM kI taraha zobhA kI vastu yA kore prayogarahita adhyayana kI vastu mAtra hai| prayoga ke kSetra meM pramANoM sahita Akara hI cira-sammata vastu sArvabhaumika, sArvakAlika, sArvopayogI bana jAtI hai, saMbhavata: isI prayojana evaM abhiprAya ko lekara hamAre AcAryoM ne isa nidhi ko hameM sauMpA thA parantu samaya para, samaya hote, dhana hote hue bhI hama zatAbdiyoM taka ise sundaratama AvaraNa se DhaMke rhe| ho sakatA hai ki dhavalAdi granthoM ko munivarga ke adhyayana taka hI sImita rakhA gayA ho, kintu zrI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne samaya kI mA~ga ko dekhate hue cAmuNDarAya jaise zrAvaka ke lie 'gommaTasAra' Adi kI racanAkara gaMgA kI eka nahara nirmita karane meM apAra zakti lagA dI thI aura aba Adhunika prasaMga kI mAMga hetu aisA kauna bhAgyazAlI tapasvI, yogI, saMta ziromaNi hogA jo isa kaTI huI nahara ke baMda dvAra ko kholakara eka naI nahara banAne meM, itihAsa meM svarNAkSarAMkita hone meM saphala hogA? isa lekha meM hamane gaNitIya vivecana ko dUra hI rakhA hai tAki vAstavikatA sahaja phUla kI taraha khilakara caitya bodha de sake ki vizuddhi mAtra kA gaNita samyakdarzana utpanna karane kI ora preraNA kI vastu banane ke stara taka prakaTa ho ske| yaha bhI dezanA kA eka bhAga hai jisake Age hI prAyogya aura karaNa labdhiyoM se sAkSAtkAra hotA hai, anyathA nhiiN| sambhavataH hama aise prayAsa ko saphala banAkara bhavyoM ke lie dezanA kA lAbha dekara abhUtapUrva puNya evaM dharma kA lAbha dene meM vivekazIla ho skeN| 1. praziyana akAdamI oNpha sAiMseja, janavarI 27, 1921. AiDiyAz2a eka opiniyaMsa, laMdana 1956. 2. gommaTasAra, karmakANDa, gAthA 397 / 3. AMgla bhASA meM ina granthoM ke gaNita kA savistAra vivecana kramazaH tIna INSA projeksa meM kiyA gayA hai, jo 1984-87, 1989-91, 1992-1996 antarAla meM prastuta kI gaI haiN| sAtha hI dekhie, prophesara ela.sI.jaina, tAo oNpha jaina sAiMseja, dillI, 1992. 4. arhat vacana, (iMdaura) kramazaH 4.1, 1992; 13-20; 4.4, 1992; 12-21; 5.3, 1993; 155-171, evaM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA (jayapura), 1992/3/1-61
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________________ 66 jainavidyA - 19 5. lakSmIcandra jaina, AgamoM meM gaNitIya sAmagrI tathA usakA mUlyAMkana, tulasI prajJA, jaina. vi.bhA., khaMDa 6, aMka 9, 1980 / 6. L.C. Jain, The Tao of Jaina Sciences, Delhi, 1992. 7. isa viSaya meM jApAna ke prophesara kAjuo koMDo (yotsukAyado nagara) ne Post R.A.A.G. patrikA meM aneka gahana jaTila zodhamaya lekha dekara ekasUtrI siddhAnta banAne meM abhUtapUrva prayAsa kiye haiN| 8. (37) Jain, L.C., On the Spiro-elliptie Motion of the Sun implicit in the Tiloyapannatti, I.J.H.S., Vol. 13, No. 1, 1978, pp. 42-49 ,sAtha hI Lishk, S.S., Jaina Astronomy, Delhi, 1987. (ba) 18, triloksaar| 9. Lishk, S.S.; Sharma, S.D. - The Evolution of Measures in Jaina Astronomy, Tirthankara, Vol. 1, Nos, 7-12, July-Dec., 1975, 73-92. punaH cIna meM chAyA mApa dvArA sUrya kI U~cAI 1,00,000 lI jJAta kI gii| jabaki pRthvI kI golAI kA koI anumAna nahIM thaa| ataeva ise 800 yojana jaina mAna lene para yojana lagabhaga 97, mIla AtA hai, jisase pRthvI kI paridhi lagabhaga 23,000 mIla prApta ho jAtI hai| isa tathya ke dvArA bhaugolika samAgrI va tathyoM ko jinAgama ke anusAra vyavasthita karane sambandhI zodha ko bar3hAvA mila sakatA hai| 10. isa saMbaMdha meM hamAre zodha-nirdezana meM eka rUsI chAtra krivova siraguI kArya kara rahA hai ___ jo lADanUM kI jaina vizvabhAratI meM Ph.D. ke lie rajisTarDa risarca skaoNlara hai| hamane jo labdhisAra, prastAra ratnAvalI tathA karaNAnuyoga ke samasta granthoM kA projekTa iMDiyana nezanala sAiMsa akAdamI dillI se aMgrejI meM nyAsa pUrNa evaM praNAlI pUrNa kArya vigata 12 varSoM meM prastuta kiyA hai vaha kampyUTara ke prayoga hetu prAyaH paryApta hai| ata: kama se kama jaina kampyUTarsa iMjIniyarsa tathA System Theory meM lage hue jaina prophesara samUha isa nyAsa tathA praNAlI kI isa siddhAnta sAmagrI se abhUtapUrva lAbha, pUrvo ke avazeSa jJAna ko usameM pUrNatA lAte hue samRddha kara sakate haiM tathA aitihAsika vilupta pUrvo kI karmasiddhAntamaya sAmagrI ko vizvavyApI ahiMsA ke prabhAva kA prasAra karane meM lA sakate haiN| hamArA kArya prAyaH 10,000 pRSThoM meM hai aura aba isa ora vizeSakara unheM apane dhana ko lagAnA hai jinake ise surakSita-saMrakSita rakhane kA zatAbdiyoM kI AcArya paramparA dvArA bhAra sauMpA gayA thaa| jaina samAja kA uttaradAyitva tabhI pUrNa ho sakatA hai jabaki ise mAtra kAgajoM, alamAriyoM, veSTanoM athavA tAmrapatroM kI vastu banAkara hI na asahAya chor3a diyA jAye varan ise vibhinna zreNiyoM meM adhyayana-adhyApana kI vastu bhI banA diyA jaaye| binA Adhunika prasaMga meM Aye isa jJAna meM kaise ravAnI lAyI jA sakatI hai? itihAsa sAkSI hai ki isa sAhitya meM sadaiva Adhunika prasaMga meM hI adhyayana-adhyApana kA viSaya
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________________ jainavidyA - 19 67 banAyA jAtA rahA kintu kucha zatAbdiyoM se isameM akasmAt DhIla A gyii| vaha mAtra darzanIya, anuvAda yA kisI choTe se prasaMga ko lekara vivAda kI vastu athavA mAtra itihAsa kI vastu banakara raha gyii| yadi vaha jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa yA prati-pala hone vAle bhAva se sambandhita vijJAna hai, gaNitIya pramANoM ko liye hue hai to kyA vaha prayogoM ke kSetra meM nahIM lAyA jA sakatA hai? kisI bhI siddhAnta ko prayogAnvita kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki aba sUkSmatama taraMgamaya yA kaNamaya tathA unake samUha aura unakI sAmUhika zaktimaya pratikriyAoM ko pratiphalana Adi ko zuddha rUpa meM AnupAtika yA sAdRza rUpa meM mApe jA sakate haiM / jaba AiMsTAina ke sApekSatA siddhAnta ke bIjIya samIkaraNoMko saMkhyAtmaka rUpa meM prayogAnvita kiyA jA sakA to, karmasiddhAnta ko bhI prayoga meM lAne hetu hameM eka aise hI pratibhAvAna prophesaroM kI TIma cAhie hogI jinheM eka kendra para lAyA jAkara isa siddhAnta ko gaNitIya vijJAna kI kasauTI para kasane hetu suvidhAe~ dI jaayeN| vastutaH yaha Ama janatA kI vastu to tabhI bana sakegI jabaki vidvAnoM kA yaha dala prayogoM dvArA puSTa karegA ki kaunasI karmaprakRti sthitiyoM, anubhAgoM aura pradezoM ke AbyUhoM ko liye hue vibhinna prakAra kI zaMkAe~ samAdhAna kara skegii| gaNita ke binA jo bhI vivAda prastuta kiye jAte haiM unakA pariNAma vyartha-jAtA hai aura kaTutA kA rUpa letA calA jAtA hai| bar3e-bar3e bhavanoM kA nirmANa bhI, yadi unameM aise sAmayika rUpa jJAna ko mAtra-pradarzana ke rUpa meM rakha lenA bhI niSphala hone kI dizA meM bar3hanA hotA hai| dIkSA jvailarsa, 554 sarAphA, jabalapura-2 gaNita vibhAga, mAnasa gaMgotrI, maisUra vizvavidyAlaya, maisUra-6
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