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THE ESSENCE OF JAINA SCRIPTURES
expression) of its sentiency is threefold: with regard to knowledge which consists in the comprehension of the objectivity, with regard to karma which consists in whatever is done (samaraddham) by the soul, and with regard to the fruit of karma which is either happiness or misery; and these three are predicated of the soul (123, 124, etc.). Likewise the manifestation of consciousness (upayoga) is towards jnana and darshana (155) and flows in three channels; inauspicious, auspicious and pure (9), which respectively indicate impiety, piety and purity (11, etc.). Auspicious and inauspicious channels are indicative of transmigratory condition; when the soul is free, it has the pure manifestation (46). The soul in its pure (natural] condition is without sense-qualities, is all the quality of sentiency, is beyond inferential mark and has no definable shape (172); but, here, being in the association of karmic matter, it has received a concrete embodiment (55. 117). The various grades of existence to which the soul is subjected in this round-of-rebirths are due to karmas (117-118). When passionate conditions are developed, the soul though non-concrete is bound by karmas which are concrete, just as the soul though devoid of colour, etc. is able to see colour, etc. (173,174). The soul really speaking is not the direct agent of karmas but only of its states of consciousness which being already tinged with passions etc. receive the karmas (183,184,190).
Matter (pudgala) is a permanent substance belonging to non-sentient class of substances (127). . . .Matter is concrete possessed of sensory qualities to its last unit (132). The world is full of material bodies (168), and the aggregatory process is going on because of their inherent qualities of cohesion and aridness (163, etc.). The matter molecules capable of becoming karmas, coming into contact with passional development of the soul, are transformed into karmas (169); further they inflow into the soul and remain there binding it (178). Thus the passionate states give rise to bondage (179-180). ..
Being already associated with karman which results in further karmas, the soul, in its embodied condition, comes to have many material adjuncts: the body, mind, speech are all material (161-162). Matter-bodies which are transformed into karmas go to form the bodies that serve as the transmigratory equipments of the spirit; there are five such bodies: the physical, transformatory, electric, translocational and karmic (170-171). The four life-essentials, namely, sense-organs,
