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BOOK 1: THE PRINCIPLE OF KNOWLEDGE
261
paricchindatah) the totality of things according to truth.
Therefore the utmost application to study-of-the-sacred-word, well applied with an evolution supported by the knowledge of the meaning (bhava), is another means to the destruction of infatuation.
Now he considers how in the sacred-word of the Jinendra the discrimination of objects is set out:
87. Substances, their qualities and modifications are understood by the term artha (object); among these the soul substance is the substratum of the qualities and modifications; thus runs the teaching.
Substances, qualities and modifications, although designated specially, may be united under a single term, artha. Here the substances are arthas, because they go (read iyrati instead of prati) to the qualities and modifications or because they are gone to” (aryante) by the qualities and modifications; the qualities are arthas, because they go to the substances for an abode or because they are gone to” by the substances which offer the abode; the modifications are arthas, because they go (read krama-parinameneyrati instead of parinameneti) to the substances in as far as (they form) a successive evolution or they “are gone to” by the substances in as far as (these are subject to) a successive evolution.
For just as gold, which we will take here as an example of a substance, going (read iyrat instead of iyarti) to such qualities as yellow, etc., to such modifications as a ring, etc., or “gone to” by them, is an artha, and just as the qualities yellow, etc., going to the gold for an abode or “gone to” by the gold which functions as abode (read asrayabhuta instead of aryabhuta), are arthas; and just as the modifications, ring, etc., going (read kramaparinameneyratah) to the gold in its successive evolutions or “gone to” by the gold in its successive evolutions, are arthas, so elsewhere.
And just as in the case of this gold, its qualities, such as yellowness and its modifications, such as a ring, the gold is "the self” of the qualities “yellowness," etc., and of the modifications “ring,” etc., because they do not exist separately (prthak) from the gold, so in the case of substance, qualities and modifications in general the substance is "the self” of the qualities and the modifications, because they do not exist separately from the substance.
Now, since, even when we accept the teaching of Lord Jina, which is a means to the destruction of infatuation, it is manly effort that
