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BOOK II: THE PRINCIPLE OF KNOWLEDGE
311
Souls and matter are in the universe, for good reason, because the world has the inherence of the six substances for self. But, since soul has the property of expansion and contraction over (more or fewer) infinitesimal-spacial-unit, and since matter has the property of smooth (or viscid, snigdha) and rough (ruksha) qualities, which are the cause of its cohesion (bandha), there is no restriction of time, souls and matter between (the limits of) one infinitesimal-spacial-unit (desha, here=pradesha) and the whole universe; thus with reference to their single substantiality 68 their limit is one spacial-unit, but with reference to several substances it is the whole universe, on the principle (nyaya) of the box full of perfumed powder.
Now he explains generally the manner in which possession or nonpossession of several infinitesimal-spacial-units takes place:
II.45. As are the infinitesimal-spacial-units of space, so are the infinitesimal-spacial-units of the other substances: the ultimate atom is without (plurality of) spacial-units or space-points. By this is explained how the (possession of] infinitesimal-spacial-units? originates. (137)
[The author] will himself in sutra 48 give the definition of an infinitesimal-unit of space, as that which is pervaded by an ultimate atom. Here it is taught that there is oneness in the way of defining the infinitesimal-spacial-unit, seeing that, as are the infinitesimal-units of space, so are those of the other substances. Therefore, as space, which is measured (read ganyamanasya) by a portion (amsha) pervaded by one ultimate atom, contains an unlimited number of infinitesimalunits, since it possesses an unlimited number of such portions, so dharma, adharma and the single soul, each measured by a portion which covers one ultimate atom, contain an innumerable number of infinitesimal-spacial-units, since they possess an innumerable number of such portions.
And, as the number of infinitesimal-spacial-units contained by dharma and adharma, which have a definite extension, is innumerable, so the number of infinitesimal-spacial-units contained by soul is innumerable, although it possesses an indefinite extension, varying with expansion and contraction—as leather varies in size with dryness and wetness, since its own portions are neither few nor many. The proof of its incorporeal contraction and expansion can be given by mere self-consciousness, since it pervades the body, stout or lean, the
