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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
[VOL. VI.
grants of A.D. 9151 and of Indra III. as rajya-friya bharta in the Kardà grant of A.D. 972; we do not infer from those verses that Jagattunga II. and Indra III. were formally known As Viralakshmivallabha and Rajyasribhartsi; in the same way, we do not take it as proved by the verse in the Paithan grant that Srivallabha is established as a specific biruda of Krishna I.;' and the Wani grant of A.D. 807 styles him simply Vallabha. A verse in the Baroda grant of A.D. 811 or 812, which describes Krishpa I. as raining down wealth in excess of even the utmost desires of his servants, might be taken as conveying a hint that he had a second varsha-appellation, in the shape of Dhanavarsha : but, in the Kåvi grant of A.D. 826 or 827,7 the same verse was made to do duty in the case of the feudatory Rashtrakūta prince Suvarņavarsha-Karkarkja of Gujarat; and it seems, therefore, that it was not intended to have any special meaning in either case. It may be added here that another verse in the Paithay grant tells us that Krishna I. conquered in battle a certain Råhappa, and then or thus "quickly extended the sovereignty which was resplendent with a row of pálidhuaja-bannerg." It seems probable that Rahappa was the more familiar name of the Råshtrakůta king Kakkarája II., of another branch of the family in Gujarat, who was reigning over the territory on the north of the Tapti in A.D. 757,8 or else that it was the name of his saccessor. And it is perhaps, in the same connection,- rather than with any reference to Dantidurga, as I have previously thought, that we should apply the statement, in the Baroda grant of A.D. 811 or 812, that Krishna I. uprooted a vaniya or " kinsman" who had taken to evil ways, and appropriated the kingdom to himself for the benefit of his family,
Krishna I. left two sons, Govinda II. and Dhruva. They are introduced by their proper names, as hôvindaraja and Dhruvaraja, in two consocutive verses in the Paithan grant of A.D. 794.20 And the second verse shows that Govinda II. was the elder of the two brothers. A statement, which has been understood to imply that Govinda II. succeeded to the throne and held it for a while, is made, and as far as all known records go, appears for the first time,-- & century and a half later in the D88li grant of A.D. 940, which says that "sensual pleasures "made him (Govinda II.) careless of the kingdom; and, entrusting fully the universal "sovereignty to his younger brother Nirupama-(Dhruva), he allowed his position as sovereign to "become loose." But no statement that he reigned is made in the Paithan grant, which is the first record after his time that puts forward details of the genealogy and succession. The verse which introduces him in that record, speaks, it is true, of his white umbrella with which the rays of the sun were warded off from his head as he moved in battle, and says that he conquered the world, and talks of his causing widowhood to the wives of his enemies and of his bursting agunder in war the temples of the elephants of his foes. These, however, are merely Vagae poetical statements, introduced to eke at the verse that first mentions him, of no more
1 Jour. B. Br. R. As. Soc. Vol. XVIII.; the words are rendered in the translation (p. 267) by "the beloved of the soldierly Lakshmi."
Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 265, text line 19.
"The verse, in fact, simply reproduces one part of the general idea (see note 6 on page 168 above), and incidentally describes Krishna I. ss being, among other things, a husband of Fortune ; much in the same way, as & verse in the Baroda grant of A.D. 811 or 818 (Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 169, text lines 21, 22) says of Dhruva that "bearing in mind, personally, that whatever is appropriate should be done in securing Lakshmi, he was always successful; but what was there wonderful in that?, since any man, who does not look about for assistance and thue create factitione difficulties), le able to make his own wife subject to his control:" this letter verse intimates that Dhruva was, in his turn, lawful husband of Fortune ; but it does not establish for Dhruva any biruda based on that idea. • Ind. Ant. Vol. XI. p. 167, text line 5.
Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 159, text lines 11, 12. • Just as Govinda IV. had the two birsda, of Prabhta varsha and Suvarnavarsha. 1 Ind. Ant. Vol. V. p. 147, vene 83.
See Dyt. Kan. Distrs. pp. 891, 392. • Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 162.
10 Above, Vol. III. p. 107, text lines 87 to . 1 Above, Vol. V. p. 193, vers 10; for the translation which I use, see the rendering of the same verse as verse 11 in the Karbad grant of A.D. 958 (alove, Vol. IV. p. 287).
