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184
EPIGRAPAIA INDICA.
[VOL. VI.
prince Dhåråvarsha-Dhruvaraja. In the Bagumrå giant, of doubtful authenticity, which purports to have been issued by a feudatory prince Akalavarsha-Krishnaraja in A.D. 888, the deva is omitted in the formal proge passage ;' and this omission now furnishes another point against the genuineness of that record. In the formal prose passages of the Paithan grant of A.D. 794, of the Rådhanpur grant of A.D. 807, of the Nausârî grants of A.D. 915, of the Sångli grant of A.D. 933, of the Deoli grant of A.D. 940, of the Karhâd grant of A.D. 959, and of the Kardå grant of A.D. 972, other appellations are used, instead of the proper names: but the ending dêva is attached to them in the same way; and, in the Paithan and Rådhanpur grants, Govinda III. is styled Srivallabhanarendradêva,) -- in the Nausâri grants, Indra III. is styled Nityavarshanarendradêva, in the Sånglî giant, Govinda IV. is styled Vallabhanarendradêva, in the Debli and Karhad grants, Křishna III. is similarly styled Vallabhanarendradêva, - and in the Kardå grant, Kakka II., again, is styled Vallabhanarendradêva.From all these facts we gather, in the first place, that the authors of the later records,- from about A.D. 900 onwards,- in abandoning the drafts that had been followed in the introductory passages of the earlier records, and in adopting & more florid style of composition in verses of their own invention, freely neglected, whenever it suited their convenience, certain rules that had been previously observed, with almost unfailing uniformity, in respect of the proper names in their Sanskrit forms. But we also learn that the ending deva was not an integral part of those names, but was only a honorific termination need, properly, only in prose passages for an enhancement of dignity. And we also learn that the ending rája was not an essential part of those proper names. In dealing with the records, whether in editing fresh ones or in revising published versions, it may be convenient sometimes to translate those endings, - rája by "king," and deva by "his majesty," - or sometimes, and in fact more usually, to let them stand as parts of the proper names. But, for other purposes,- for genealogical tables, general historical accounts, etc.,it is most convenient, and most conducive to an easy discrimination between different persong of the same name, to drop those endings altogether in the case of the paramount sovereigns (whom we have cocasion to mention most frequently), retaining them in the case of the fendatory princes (whom it is not necessary to refer to so often). Only one instance is as yet forthcoming of the use of any special word, except råja, in immediate combination with a proper name in its Sapskpit form; it is found in the Mulgund inscription of A.D. 902-903, in a verse which speaks of Krishọa II. as srl- Krishṇavallabha-nțipa," the glorious king Křishộavallabha," or the glorious king Krishna, the Vallnbha." And there is one instance in which, after the word rája, there is added the ending indra, which seems to have been moro properly restricted -(except, of course, in the word narendra)- to the combination vallabhendra ;' it oocurs in the inscription of A.D. 982 at Sravaņa-Belgola,10 in the verse which mentions Kộishņa III. as Krishnarajêndra: this appellation- (if it is sought to translate it)- may be taken as meaning either" Krishỏa, the chief of kings," or "Krishộarâja, the chief of Krishnarajas."
Secondly, ne regards the proper names in their Prakrit forms, by which I mean. not simply and strictly such forms as would be recognised as technically Prakrit forms by
· Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 184. plate ii. b, text line 2. • Ind. Ant. Vol. XIII. p. 67. plate ii. 6, text line 2 * Above, Vol. III. p. 108, text line 48-44; And Ind. Ant. Vol. VI. p. 67, plate ii. b, text line 4. • Loo. cit. (note 4 on page 183 above), p. 269, B. plate ii, b, text line 18, and p. 261, A. plate il. , text line 12. . Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 251, text line 40.
8 Above. Vol. V. p. 195, text line 46-46, and Vol. IV. p. 285, text line 66. In the Dell record, something ele was written first; and, in the corrections that were made, the syllables llabha were not brought out anite clearly.
Ind. Aut. Vol. X!I. p. 268, text line 44-45.
• Jour, Bo. Br. R. 41. 800. Vol. X. p. 190, text line 8. A revised version of this inseription will be gives in the fresent selection of Rashtrakata records. • See page 187 below, and note 10.
10 Inaors. at śras.- Rel. No. 37, verse 2.
