Prakrit Vidya 2001 10

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521367/1

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varSa 13, aMka 3, prAkRta kiyA ISSN No. 0971-796 X aktUbara-disambara 2001 I0 OM jainazAsana kA mAMgalika pratIka 'paMcaraMgI dhvaja'

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AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM AvaraNa-pRSTha para mudrita citra jaina - paramparA ke aSTamaMgala- dravyoM meM parigaNita pAvana pratIka-cihna 'paMcavarNI dhvaja' kA hai / samasta jainasamAja aura paramparA meM yahI dhvaja nirvivAda rUpa se mAnya hai| yaha eka paMca parameSThiyoM kA sUcaka mAMgalika pratIka hai, jisameM zvetavarNa kI paTTikA 'arihaMta parameSThI' kI, lAlaraMga kI paTTikA 'siddha parameSThI' kI, pIle raMga kI paTTikA 'AcArya parameSThI' kI, hare raMga kI paTTikA 'upAdhyAya parameSThI' kI tathA gahare nIle yA kAle raMga kI paTTikA 'sAdhu parameSThI' kI dyotaka hotI hai| isake madhya meM nirmita svastika kA cihna caturgati saMsAra-paribhramaNa se muktipUrvaka AtmalAbha ko sUcita karatA hai| yaha bhI eka mAMgalika saMyoga hai ki vartamAna caubIsI ke caubIsoM tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIroM kA varNa bhI inhIM pA~coM varNoM meM vargIkRta hai| isa bAre meM AcArya kundakundapraNIta 'mUlAcAra' graMtha kI yaha gAthA draSTavya hai "NamidUNa jiNavarride, tihuvaNavaraNANa-daMsaNapadIve / kaMcaNa-piyaMgu-viduma-ghaNa- kuMdamuNAla - vaNNANaM / / " - ( AcArya kundakunda, mUlAcAra 8-1 ) candraprabha aura puSpadanta kA zarIra varNa kundapuSpa, candra, barpha, kapUra yA hIrA muktAhAra kI taraha 'zvetavarNI'; supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha kA zarIra - varNa maMjarI (meMhadI ke pattoM) kI taraha athavA binA pake dhAnya ke paudhoM kI taraha 'haritavarNI', munisuvrata aura neminAtha kA zarIravarNa nIlAMjanagiri athavA mayUrakaNTha kI taraha 'nIlavarNI', padmaprabha aura vAsupUjya kA zarIravarNa kamala athavA TesU ke puSpa kI taraha 'lAlavarNI', aura zeSa 16 tIrthaMkaroM kA zarIravarNa tapAye suvarNa (sone) kI taraha pItavarNa vAle batAye haiN| isIprakAra nirgrantha jaina- zramaNoM ke karakamaloM me jIvadayA - upakaraNa ke rUpa pratiSThita rahanevAlI mayUrapicchI bhI paMcavarNI kahI gayI hai -- " mayUrapicchaM mRdu-paJcaraMgam / " --sampAdaka jaina - zAsana kA dhvaja - gIta Adi- de - vRSabha ke putra bharata kA, bhArata - deza mahAn / / 1 / / vRSabhadeva se mahAvIra taka kareM sumaMgala-gAna // 2 // pA~ca raMga pA~coM parameSThI, yuga ko deM AzISa / / 3 / / vizva - zAMti ke liye jhukAveM, pAvana dhvaja ko zIza // 4 // 'jina' kI dhvani 'jaina' kI saMskRti, jaga-jana ko varadAna // 5 // bharata kA bhArata deza mahAn /

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| ISSN SO. 0971-796 x / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| AKRIT VIDYA prAkRta-vidyA pAgada-vijjA zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values vIrasaMvat 2528 aktUbara-disambara '2001 I0 varSa 13 aMka 3 . Veersamvat 2528 October-December '2001 Year 13 Issue 3 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi-saMvat 2013 Hon. Chief Editor mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M.A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. . Publisher prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa vArSika sadasyatA zulka eka aMka - pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) - pandraha rupaye (bhArata) 6.0 (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 1.5 5 (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 001

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sampAdaka-maNDala DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jaina DaoN0 udayacandra jaina pro0 (DaoN0) zaziprabhA jaina prabandha sampAdaka DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011) 6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11) 6564510 Fax (91-11) 6856286 kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa aura dillI nagara kI samRddhi kA varNana "kAtaMta iva paMjI-samiddha, Nava-kAmiNI-jovvaNamiva saNiddha / sura-ramaNiyaNuva varaNettavaMtu, paeNkkhaNayaramiva bahu-vesavaMta / / " -(jaina mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara, pAsaNAhacariu, 1-3) arthAt jisaprakAra kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa apanI paMjikAoM (TIkAoM) se samRddha hai, usIprakAra vaha DhillI (dillI) nagara bhI padamArgoM se samRddha hai| jisaprakAra navIna taruNI vadhU kA yauvana snigdha hotA hai, usIprakAra vaha DhillI nagarI bhI bar3I snigdha manohara thii| vahA~ kI yuvatiyA~ zreSTha rezamI vastra dhAraNa karatI haiN| ve aisI pratIta hotI haiM mAnoM sura-ramaNiyA~ hI hoM athavA prekSAgRha kI bahuvezadhAriNI nAyikAyeM hI hoN| Katantra Vyakaran and a profile (description) of prosperity of Deilli city Like KATANTRA Vyakaran (of the celebrated grammarian SHARVAVERMA, Jain seer of the pre-Panini era), rich with its prolific commentaries, the city of Dilli is prosperous with the abundance of its roadways. Dilli city captivates the mind with the impact of its extreme beauty very much like the alluring charm of the youthfulness of a newly-wed young bride. Young women there are clad in the superior brand silken clothing. They verily look like heavenly maidens oras if they are the multi-costumed heroines with a variety of apparel on the floor of an Auditorium. ** kAtantravyAkaraNam 'kAtantraM hi vyAkaraNaM pANinIyetaravyAkaraNeSu prAcInatamam / asya praNetRviSaye'pi vipazcitAM naikamatyam / evameva kAlaviSaye nAmaviSaye ca yudhiSThiro hi kAtantrapravartanakAlo vikramapUrva tRtIya-sahasrAbdIti mnyte|' -(lekhaka : lokamaNidAhala:, vyAkaraNazAstretihAsa:, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, dillI, pRSTha 260) ** 102 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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anukrama kra. zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saM0 paM0 AzAdhara sUri-viracita 4 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 6 AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja 12 DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina (sva0) paM0 balabhadra jaina 30 pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina 39 AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja 50 Ananda prakAza jaina DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala 58. DaoN0 sUryakAnta bAlI . 64 01. maMgalAcaraNa : puru (vRSabha) deva-gIta 02. sampAdakIya : dhvaja se dizAbodha 03. picchi aura kamaNDalu 04. bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna jaina-vizvavidyAlaya 105. bhagavAn mahAvIra 06. manISIpravara ToDaramala : pramukha zaurasenI jainAgamoM ke prathama hindI TIkAkAra - 07. uttama saMyama aura mahAvrata 08. devatAoM kI citA (kahAnI) _09. prAkRta-granthoM meM jinaliMgoM kA svarUpa 10. dArzanika-rAjA kI paramparA ke pravartaka tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva 11. keralI-saMskRti meM jaina-yogadAna 12. zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvadpariSad ke 19veM adhivezana meM / ahiMsA sthala para dinAMka 17.11.2001 ko paM0 prakAzacaMda zAstrI hitaiSI' kA adhyakSIya-bhASaNa 13. AdhyAtmika gIta (kavitA) 14. 'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' meM varNita nagara 15. pustaka-samIkSA 16. abhimata 17. samAcAra-darzana 18. isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM rAjamala jaina 92 DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA DaoN0 hukama canda jaina prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 003

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puru (vRSabha) deva-gIta (yamana rAga) -paM0 AzAdhara sUri-viracita jaya maMgalaM nityazubhamaMgalam, jayavimalaguNanilaya purudeva ! te / / jaya mNgl||||| jinavRSabha vandAruvRndavanditacaraNa ! mandArakundasitakIrtidhara ! te / indukaraghRNikoTijitavizadatanukiraNa ! mandaragirIndranibhavaradhIra ! te|| jaya maMgalaM / / 2 / / ghoratarasaMsAravArAzigatatIra ! nIrAjanAkArarAgahara! te| mAravIrezakarakodaNDabhaMgakara-sAra ! zivasAmrAjya-sukhasAra ! te|| jaya mNglN|| 3 / / sukisalayatativitatakaMkelitarunikaTa-sukhavinutasurakusumavarSayuta ! te| akalaMkajanahRdayatimiraudhanudaninada ! sakalazazisitacamaranikaradhuta ! te|| jaya mNglN|| 4 / / caNDakesari-vidhRta-puNDarIkAsanaka-maNDita-subhAmaNDalabhAta ! te| khaMDitAzanighoSadivijadundubhinAda ! puNDarIkatritayajitacaNDa ! te|| jaya mNgl||5|| nirupama-nirAtaMka-ni:zeSa-nirmAya, nirazana-ni:zoSa-nirmoha ! te| paramasukha-paradeva-parameza-paravIrya, niragha-nirmalarUpa-vRSabheza ! te / / jaya maMgalaM / / 6 / / artha :- he vimala-guNoM ke nivAsasthAna bhagavan purudeva ! ApakI jaya ho| Apa jaya aura maMgalasvarUpa haiM, nitya-zubha maMgalAtmA haiN| - artha :- he jinazreSTha ! vandanA karanevAle deva-manujavRnda se supUjitacaraNa ! mandAra aura kunda-puSpAvalI ke sadRza niravadya zubhra-kIrti ke dhAraka ! apane zarIra kI kAnti se koTi-koTi candrakiraNoM ko nirjita karanevAle ! girirAja mandarAcala ke tulya dhairyazAlin ! Apa jaya-maMgala haiM, nitya zubha-maMgalAtmA haiN| 004 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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artha :--- he ghorAtighora-saMsAra-sAgara ke pAra tIragAmin ! ArArtikyadIpa se arcA karanevAloM ke nIrAjanAkAra'-rAgahArin ! vizvajayI kAmadeva ke kodaNDa (puSpacApa) kA bhaMga karanevAle ! sArabhUta-zivasAmrAjya ke sukha-bhoktA ! ApakI jaya ho, nitya maMgala ho| artha :--- sundara navIna-pallava-samUha se AkIrNa azoka-vRkSa ke samIpa sukhapUrvaka namana karanevAle, devavRnda dvArA kI gaI sumanavRSTi se Asevita, he niSkalaMka bhavyAtmAoM ke hRdaya-saMniviSTa timira-samUha kA apanodana karanevAle ! sampUrNa kalAoM se zobhAyamAna zItarazmi sadRzacamaroM se vIjita ! paramAtman ! ApakI jaya ho, nityazubha maMgala ho| artha :--- he vyAttamukha pracaNDasiMha dvArA dhArita kamalAsana para virAjamAna ! maNDalAkRti bhAmaNDala se zobhAyamAna ! apane divyadhvani se vajraghoSa kA darpa khaNDita karanevAle ! puNDarIka tritaya-zobhita ! caNDajayin ! ApakI jaya ho, nitya zubhamaMgala ho| artha :--- he upamArahita ! bhayavihIna ! muktiprApta ! mAyAvarjita ! kSudhA-zoka-mohavidhura ! paramasukhasampanna ! paramadeva ! paramezvara ! paramavIrya ! niSpApa ! nirmalasvarUpa ! he zrI RSabha jinezvara ! ApakI jaya ho, nitya zubhamaMgala ho| zabda prakRti aura vyAkaraNa / 'zabdaprakRtirapabhraMza, iti sNgrhkaarH|' - (vAkyapadIya 1/148. harivRtti, pR0 134) artha :- apabhraMza zabdaprakRtivAlA hai, arthAt sAdhAraNa janatA kI bhASA se hI apabhraMza bhASA kA nirmANa huA hai| __-vyAkaraNa kevala unhIM bhASAoM kA hotA hai jinakA rUpa kucha sthira ho cukA hai tathA jo ziSTasaMmata hai| kintu bhASAvijJAna saMsAra kI samasta bhASAoM evaM boliyoM se yahA~ taka ki bahuta zIghra parivartita hone vAlI jaMgalI yA asabhya-jAtiyoM kI boliyoM se bhI saMbaMdha rakhatA hai, balki ina boliyoM evaM janatA meM pracalita-bhASAoM se hI bhASA ke jIvanta-svarUpa kA patA. sAhityika-bhASA kI apekSA, kahIM adhika calatA hai| udAharaNArthahindI pradeza meM 'thambha' aura 'khambha' (yA khaMbhA) donoM zabda calate haiN| pahale vidvAna samajhate the ki donoM zabdoM kA vikAsa saMskRta' ke stambha zabda se huA hai, kintu khaMbha' zabda kA vikAsa 'stambha' se honA bar3A asaMgata lagatA thaa| astu, khoja karane se patA calA ki vaidika bhASA meM eka zabda 'skambha' (Rk 4/2/14/5, sAyaNa stambha) bhI hai, aura khaMbhA' zabda isI se vikasita huA hai| isaprakAra janatA meM pracalita bhASA ke sahAre hama mUla taka pahu~ca sakeM, bhASAvijJAna isalie janatA kI boliyoM ko vizeSa mahattva detA hai, jabaki vyAkaraNa inakI ora dRSTi uThAkara bhI nahIM dekhtaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 005

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sampAdakIya dhvaja se dizAbodha -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina - 'dhvaja' - gatisUcaka (jIvana-cetanA kI jAgRti kA pratIka cihna) hai / 'dhvaja' zabda anekoM pratIkoM ke lie vibhinna sandarbhoM meM jAnA jAtA hai| apanI 'vijaya' kI ghoSaNA ke lie parAjita rAjA ke rAjamahala para vijayI rAjA apanA dhvaja phaharA detA hai, to saMdhi evaM zaraNAgata ke abhiprAya ko saMpreSita karane ke lie zveta-dhvaja phaharA dete haiM / virodha yA anAdara kA bhAva sUcita karane ke lie kAlI dhvajA lagAyI jAtI hai, to zoka kI sUcanA ke lie dhvajA ko AdhA jhukA diyA jAtA hai| jyotiSazAstrI ASAr3ha zukla pratipadA ko dhvajA kI dizA dekhakara usa varSa kI varSA ke bAre meM saTIka anumAna karate haiM / kAvyazAstriyoM ko phaharAtI dhvajAyeM svarga-apavarga ko sparza karane ke lie lAlAyita pratIta hotI haiM; to nyAyazAstriyoM ko hetuparaka pahicAna dene ke lie 'dhvaja' kI upayogitA lagatI hai, isIliye ve 'agni' ko 'dhUmadhvaja' arthAt 'dhuA~ hI hai dhvajA jisakI ' - aisA kahate haiN| gaurava ke kSaNoM meM bhI dhvaja ko phaharAne kI paramparA hai, isIliye svatantratA - - divasa evaM gaNatantra divasa jaise rASTriya parvoM para dhvaja phaharAyA jAtA hai / 'dhvaja' kA ArohaNa 'utthAna' kA eva avarohaNa (utAranA) 'patana' kA pratIka mAnA jAtA hai| pUjana - vidhAna- paMcakalyANaka mahotsava Adi viziSTa - anuSThAnoM kA zubhArambha 'dhvajArohaNa' karake hI karate haiM; kyoMki yaha zubhasaMkalpasiddhi kA nimitta mAnA jAtA hai / nUtana-saMvatsarAmbha ke samaya bhI bhavanoM, pratiSThAnoM, jinamandiroM Adi ke zIrSabhAga para navIna dhvaja phaharAne kI prAcIna paramparA isa deza kI Aja bhI avaziSTa hai 1 'dhvaja' ko preraNA, AsthA evaM samarpaNa Adi kA pratIka mAnA jAtA hai| vyakti se lekara parivAra, samAja, rASTra aura vizva bhI 'dhvaja' ke samakSa natamastaka hotA hai tathA apane saMskAroM, saMgaThana evaM samaSTi ke prati samarpitabhAva se kriyAzIla hone kI preraNA prApta hotI hai| jaina - paramparA meM bhI dhvaja kA vyApaka mahattva mAnA gayA hai| anekoM vyakti jainadhvaja ke svarUpa ko lekara duvidhA kI sthiti meM rahate haiM ki isakA AkAra, varNa, parimANa Adi kitanA - kaisA honA cAhiye? varSoM taka isI UhApoha meM samaya bItA aura jise jaisA samajha 6 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001

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meM AyA, vaisA dhvaja phhraayaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANotsava kI pRSThabhUmi meM mArca 1973 meM purAnI dillI ke vaidavAr3A' kI jaina-dharmazAlA meM Ayojita baiThaka meM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne pramANapUrvaka jainadhvajA ko 'paMcaraMgI' pramANita kiyaa| mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara ne jainadhvaja ke paMcavarNI hone kA ullekha kiyA hai "kArAvivi NAheyaho Nikeu, paviiNNu paMcavaNNaM sukeu| pai~ puNu paiTTa paviraiya jema pAsaho carittu jai puNu vi tem||" --(pAsaNAhacariu 1-9) artha :- he naTThala sAhU! Apane bhagavAn AdinAtha kA niketa (di0 jaina mandira) banavAkara, karAkara tathA usa para paMcavarNa vAlI sundara suketu (mahAdhvajA) phaharAkara usakI pratiSThA karAI hai| aba yadi bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke carita kI bhI racanA karAveM, to usase Apako Atmasukha (santoSa) hogaa| ina pA~ca vargoM ke sambandha meM vAstuzAstra ke graMtha 'mAnasAra' meM nimnAnusAra ullekha milatA hai-- "sphaTikazveta-raktaM ca pIta-zyAma-nibhaM tthaa| etatpaJcaparameSThI paJcavarNa-yathAkramam / / -(55/44) artha:- sphaTika ke samAna zvetavarNa, lAlavarNa, pIlavarNa, zyAma (harA) aura nIlA (kAlA) -ye pA~ca varNa kramaza: paJcaparameSThI ke sUcaka haiN| - inameM 'zyAma' pada se harita (hare) aura 'nibhaM' pada se nIle yA kAle varNa kA abhiprAya lenA kucha logoM ko saMdigdha pratIta hotA hai; kintu yaha satya hai| 'zyAma' pada Ajakala sA~vale yA halke kAle varNa kA sUcaka rUr3hivazAt mAnA jAne lagA hai, kintu mUlata: yaha haritavarNa kA hI sUcaka zabda hai| isIlie hariyAlI se yukta pRthvI ko 'zasya-zyAmalA' kahA jaataa| isIprakAra nibhaM' zabda ko 'nabha' yA AkAza kA samAnArthI mAnA gayA hai-- 'nibhaM nabha:' -(kavi kAlidAsa, RtusaMhAram, 2/11) / tathA AkAza ke lie 'nIlAmbara' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| vastuta: rAtri meM jaise AkAza kA varNa gaharA nIlA hotA hai, vahI gaharA nIlA varNa yahA~ nibhaM' pada se abhipreta hai| gaharA nIlA hone se rAtri meM AkAza kAlA pratIta hotA hai, saMbhavata: isIlie nibhaM' pada ko kAle varNa kA sUcaka mAna liyA gayA hai| inameM zveta' varNa 'arihaMta-parameSThI' kA sUcaka hai, sphaTika nirmalatA kI pratIka hotI hai, to arihaMta bhI cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSaya karake nirmalasvarUpa meM sthita haiM, ata: 'sphaTika-zveta' varNa ko unakA sUcaka batAyA gayA hai| 'lAla' raMga puruSArtha kA pratIka hai, to 'siddha-parameSThI' ne paramapuruSArtha mokSa kI siddhi kI hai, ata: unheM lAlavarNa se saMsUcita kiyA gayA hai| pIlA' raMga vAtsalya ko batAtA hai, to 'AcArya-parameSThI' saMgha ko vAtsalyabhAva se anuzAsita kara sanmArga meM maryAdita rakhate haiM; ata: unheM pIlevarNa se saMketita kiyA gayA hai| 'harA' raMga samRddhi kI sUcanA detA hai; upAdhyAya-parameSThI' saMgha ko jJAna se samRddha karate haiM; ata: yaha unakA saTIka paricAyaka hai| tathA gaharA 'nIlA' yA kAlA raMga sAdhu-parameSThI ke prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 007

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usa vairAgya kA dyotaka hai, jisapara koI rAga-raMga nahIM car3ha sakatA / kavi sUradAsa ne likhA bhI hai- "sUradAsa kI kAlI kamariyA pai car3he na dUjo rNg|" ___ kucha vicAraka ina pA~ca vargoM ko kramaza: ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacaya aura aparigraha kA pratIka bhI mAnate haiN| ina pA~coM vargoM kI samAnupAtika paTTiyoM se jainamahAdhvaja nirmita hotA hai| . ____ina pA~coM vargoM ke pratIkatva ke viSaya meM prakArAntara se vivaraNa nimnAnusAra bhI milatA - hai- "zAntau zvetaM jaye zyAma, bhadre raktaM bhaye hrit|| pItaM dhanAdi saMlAbhe, paJcavarNaM tu siddhaye / / " . __ --(umAsvAmi-zrAvakAcAra, 138, pRSTha 55 ) bhAvArtha - zveta-varNa zAnti kA pratIka hai| zyAma-varNa vijaya kA pratIka hai; kyoMki ghane zyAmala-megha pRthvI ke nivAsiyoM meM utsAha kA saMcAra karate haiN| raktavarNa kalyANa kA pratIka hai| haritavarNa bhayanAzaka hai| pItavarNa dhanAdi ke lAbha kA sUcaka hai| isaprakAra ukta pA~coM-varNa siddhi ke kAraNa haiN| isa paMcavarNI dhvajA ko vijaya kA pratIka bhI kahA gayA hai vijaya-paJcavarNAbhA paJcavarNamidaM dhvajam / " - (pratiSThAtilaka, 5/10) rAjadhAnI dillI ke jisa 'maharaulI' kSetra meM rAjA anaMgapAla ke rAjya meM paMcavarNI dhvajA ke phaharAne kA ullekha mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara ne apane pAsaNAhacariu' ke pUrvokta ullekha meM kiyA hai, vaha sthAna pahile 'meruvalI' ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| isI kA kramaza: parivartita rUpa Aja maharaulI' kahA jAtA hai| cU~ki yahA~ eka vizAla meru-mandira thA, jise vikRtaparivartita karake 'kutubamInAra' kA rUpa diyA gayA thaa| isakI racanA jaina-paramparA ke 'sudarzana-meru' se bahuta milatI hai| itihAsa evaM purAtattva ke sAkSyoM se bhI yaha siddha hotA hai ki yahA~ anekoM jaina-mandira the, aura yahA~ kA rAjavaMza jinadharmAnuyAyI thaa| isa sambandha meM nimnAMkita padya mananIya hai "yenArAdhya vizuddha-dhIramatinA devAdhidevaM jinam / satpuNyaM samupArjitaM nijaguNaiH saMtoSitA bAndhavAH / / jainaM caityamakAri sundarataraM jainI pratiSThAM tthaa| sa zrImAnvidita: sadaiva vijayAtpRthvItale ntttthlaa||" -(jainagraMtha-prazasti-saMgraha, bhAga 2, pRSTha 85) artha :- zrI anaMgapAla rAjA ke pradhAnamantrI zrI naTThala sAhU ne tIrthaMkara vRSabhadeva (AdinAtha) kA eka zikharabaddha mandira banavAyA aura mUrti kI paJcakalyANa-pratiSThA karAkara usa maMdira meM virAjamAna krvaayii| (isa maMdira para paMcavarNI mahAdhvajA phaharA rahI thii)| maMdira meM praveza kara una sAhU naTThala ne mana se tIrthaMkara-pratimA ko bhaktipUrvaka praNAma kiyaa| ve sAhU naTThala sadaiva vijayI hoN| 408 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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isaprakAra spaSTa hai ki dillI ke isa prAcIna gauravakSetra para paMcavarNI jainadhvaja phaharAtA rahA hai| manISiyoM ne isa paMcavarNI dhvajA ko 'mahAdhvajA' kI saMjJA dI hai, tathA zeSa vividha dhvajoM ko 'upadhvaja' kahA hai| isa paMcavarNI dhvaja ke bIcoMbIca 'svastika' kA cihna banA hotA hai / yaha 'svastika' " svastiM karoti iti svastikaH " kI vyutpatti ke anusAra 'svasti' arthAt kalyANa ko karanevAlA mAnA gayA hai| yaha apanI AtmA kI sattA ( astitva ) kA sUcaka bhI isI nAma se jJApita hotA hai / isa zabda ko prAcIna prAkRta meM 'sotthigaM' evaM 'sothiaM' rUpa milate haiM yaha maMgalasUcaka AzIrvacana bhI mAnA gayA hai, isIlie kavi zUdraka - viracita 'mRcchakaTikam' prakaraNa meM vidUSaka AzIrvAda ke rUpa meM vasaMtasenA ko "sotthi bhodie" (davI ! ApakA kalyANa ho) kahatA hai 1 1 'svastika' ke nirmANa kI vidhi atyanta vaijJAnika hai| isameM sarvaprathama nIce se Upara kI ora eka khar3I rekhA banAte haiM, jo 'utpatti' yA 'janma' kI sUcikA hai| isake bAda ko kATatI huI bA~ye se dA~yI ora Ar3I rekhA banAte haiM, jo leTI huI avasthA ke samAna 'mRtyu' kI pratIka hai| ina rekhAoM kA eka-dUsare ko bAdhita karane kA abhiprAya yahI hai, ki jIva svayaM hI svayaM kA bAdhaka hai, anya dravya usakA bhalA-burA nahIM karatA hai| apane ajJAna ke kAraNa hI jIva janma-maraNa kara rahA hai| ina janma-maraNa ke cakra meM vaha cAra gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA hai. - yaha sUcita karane ke lie + cihna ke cAroM siro para cAroM dizAoM meM anukrama (klaoNka vAiz2a) jAnevAlI choTI rekhAyeM yA daNDa banAte haiM jo janma-maraNa se caturgati-paribhramaNa ko jJApita karatI haiN| phira ina cAroM daNDoM ke kinAre tirache laghudaNDa isaprakAra banAte haiM, jo ki caturgati - paribhramaNa se bAhara nikalane ke puruSArtha ke pratIka haiN|' bIca ke cAra bindu isaprakAra hama rakhate haiM / ye cAra bindu nahIM haiM, apitu cAra kUTa - aMka haiM, jo ki kramaza: 3, 24, 5, 4 ke rUpa meM likhe jAte haiM / inakA sUcaka prAkRta-pramANa nimnAnusAra hai " rayaNattayaM ca vaMde, cauvIsaM jiNaM ca sadA vade / paMcagurUNaM vade, cAraNacaraNaM sadA vaMde / / " - ( iti samAdhibhakti : 10, pRSTha 114 ) arthAt 3 kA aMka ratnatraya, 24 kA aMka caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA, 5 kA aMka paMcaparameSThI kA evaM 4 kA aMka cAra- anuyogamayI jinavANI kA sUcaka hai| inakI bhakti, vaMdanA, sAnnidhya evaM Azraya se jIva kramaza: dravyakarma, bhAvakarma evaM nokarma ina tIna karmoM se mukta hokara siddhazilA para siddha paramAtmA ke rUpa meM virAjamAna ho jAtA hai; - isa tathya ko sUcita karane ke lie svastika ke Upara tIna bindu, ardhacandra - kRti evaM madhyabindu isaprakAra banAyA jAtA hai | isaprakAra caturgatiM paribhramaNa - nivAraNa kI pratIka yaha maMgalAkRti prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 2001 009

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AtmasvarUpa meM sthiratA kI sUcikA hai| inase alaMkRta hokara jainoM kI paMcavarNI dhvajA 'mahAdhvajA' kahalAtI hai| isake alAvA anya kaI cihnoM se suzobhita dhvajAyeM bhI 'indradhvajapUjA' Adi meM phaharAyI jAtI haiM, jinakA varNana nimnAnusAra hai "maalaa-mgendr-kmlaambr-vaintey-maatNg-gopti-rthaaNg-myuur-hNsaaH| yasya dhvajA vijayino bhuvane'vabhAnti, tasmai namastribhuvana-prabhave jinAya / / " --(dazabhaktyAdi saMgraha, pRSTha 225) ise prAkRtabhASA ke graMtha 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' meM nimnAnusAra batAyA gayA hai-. "mallaMbaraddhavarahiNa-garuDa-gaya-kesari-vasaha-haMsa-cakkaddhaya-Nivaehi priveddhiraaye|" -(pustaka 9. pRSTha / / ) arthAt merumandira kI dhvajA para 'do mAlAoM' kA cihna, gajadanta zikhara kI dhvajA para 'kamala' kA cihna, vRkSa-maMdira kI dhvajA para tote' kA cihna, vakSAra-maMdira kI dhvajA para 'garur3a' kA cihna, iSvAkAra giri-zikhara para hAthI' kA cihna, vijayArtha-zikhara kI dhvajA para 'vRSabha' (naMdI) kA cihna, nandIzvara-maMdira ke zikhara para 'cakavA-cakavI' kA cihna, kuNDalagirivara ke zikhara kI dhvajA para 'mayUra' (mora) kA cihna evaM rucakagiri kI dhvajA para 'haMsa' kA cihna hotA hai| ___inameM mAlA 'vijaya' kI, kamala nirliptatA' kA, totA jyoM kA tyoM jinavacana-bolane' kA, garur3a uccagAmitA' kA, hAthI 'gaMbhIra vyaktitva' kA, vRSabha 'puruSArtha' aura bhadrapariNAma kA, cakavA-cakavI 'ananya dharmasneha' ke, tathA haMsa 'nIra-kSIra viveka' ke rUpa meM svaparabhedavijJAna kA pratIka hai| uparokta sabhI dhvajAyeM divyaratnoM se nirmita mAnI gayI haiM, tathA ye sadaiva phaharAtI rahatI haiN| inake atirikta samavasaraNa kI pA~cavIM bhUmi meM evaM akRtrima caityAlaya kI dUsarI bhUmi meM cAroM dizAoM meM mahAdhvajA ke sAtha nimnalikhita-cihnoM se yukta laghudhvajAyeM bhI phaharAtI rahatIM haiM-- "siMha-gaya-vasaha-garuDa-sihiMdiNahaMsAraviMda-cakka dhyaa| puha aTThasayA caudisimekaeNkke aTThasaya khullaa||" -(trilokasAra, A0 nemicaMdra si0ca0, gAthA 1010) artha :- caityabhUmi meM cAroM dizAoM meM siMha, hAthI, vRSabha, garuDa, mayUra, candra, sUrya, haMsa, kamala aura cakra ke cihnoM se alaMkRta 108-108 dhvajAyeM hotI haiN| samavasaraNa kI dvitIya pITha para ATha mahAdhvajAyeM mAnI gayI haiN| -(tiloyapaNNatti, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 26) itanA hI nahIM, aSTa-maMgaladravyoM meM eka maMgaladravya 'dhvajA' bhI mAnI gayI hai| dhvajAoM para cihnoM kA bhI bar3A vizeSa mahattva mAnA gayA hai| ye kaI mahattvapUrNa bAtoM 00 10 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '2001

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ke dyotaka hote the| kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra bAlyAvasthA meM jisa 'nandyAvata' rAjaprAsAda meM janme the, usakI dhvajA para 'siMha' kA cihna aMkita thA, ata: unakA cihna 'siMha' mAnA gyaa| isIprakAra devavimAnoM kI dhvajAoM para bhI aneka mAMgalika-cihna aMkita hote haiN| __ jinamaMdira meM dhvaja-ArohaNa kI viziSTa prakriyA hotI hai| isameM dhvaja ke daNDa kA nAma, dhvaja sthApita karane kA sthAna, evaM U~cAI Adi kA vistRta vivaraNa jaina-granthoM meM prApta hotA hai| isakA saMkSipta-vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai dhvajadaNDa-- mandira ke nicale (Asana ke) pASANa se lekara kalaza taka kI samagra U~cAI ke 1/3 bhAga-pramANa dhvajadaNDa ko 'uttama' mAnA gayA hai| yadi isa 1/3 bhAga meM se samagra kA 1/10 bhAga aura kama kara deM, to use 'madhyama' mAnA jAyegA tathA 1/3 bhAga meM se 1/5 bhAga aura kama kara diyA jAye, to usa dhvajadaNDa ko 'kaniSTha' mAnA jaayegaa| dhvajasthAna- mandira ke zikhara kI samagra U~cAI ke 5/6veM bhAga meM IzAnakoNa meM dhvajadaNDa sthApita karane kA sthAna (chidrayukta dRr3ha-stambha) banAyA jAtA hai| dhvaja kI U~cAI- maMdira ke kalaza se dhvajA U~cI rahanI caahie| 'pratiSThAsAra' (5/74-75) ke anusAra kalaza se eka hAtha U~cI dhvajA ArogyavardhinI, do hAtha U~cI dhvajA kulavardhinI, cAra hAtha U~cI dhvajA rAjyavardhinI evaM pA~ca hAtha U~cI dhvajA subhikSakAriNI mAnI gayI hai| 'prAsAdamaNDana' (4/48) ke anusAra jinAlaya kabhI bhI dhvajArahita nahIM honA caahie| aisA hone para vahA~ asuroM kA nivAsa ho jAtA hai| isake alAvA pura, nagara, parakoTA, rAjamahala, bAvaDI, kUpa, tAlAba evaM ratha Adi bhI dhvajAoM se maMDita karane kA vidhAna granthoM meM milatA hai| dhvaja-phaharAne meM dizA kA bhI mahattva mAnA gayA hai| pUrvadizA' meM dhvaja phaharAne se iSTakAryasiddhi, uttaradizA meM phaharAne para Arogya evaM sampatti-prApti, pazcima-IzAna-vAyavya meM dhvaja phaharAne para varSA kA AnA evaM maMgala hotA hai, dakSiNa-Agneya evaM naiRtya meM dhvaja phaharAne para zAnti, dAna-pUjAdi zubha kArya kI sampatti hotI hai| isaprakAra dhvaja kA vyApaka mahattva jaina-paramparA meM mAnA gayA hai| _jainaAgamoM kI mUlabhASA prAkRta kA dhvaja bhI digdiganta meM phaharAye, 'prAkRtavidyA' isI maMgalabhAvanA ke sAtha pravartita hai| isa pAvana-anuSThAna meM vizvabhara ke samasta bhASAnurAgiyoM evaM prAkRta-premiyoM kA naiSThika-udAra-sahayoga samarpitabhAva se apekSita hai| hameM AzA hI nahIM pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmakalyANaka varSa ke suavasara para sabhI prAkRta-premI isa saMkalpa kI pUrti ke liye sarakAra se sahayoga leMge aura nijIrUpa meM bhI pUrNa samarpaNa ke sAtha kArya kreNge| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 10 11

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picchi aura kamaNDalu -AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja acelatvaM ca luMcitvaM vyutsRSTAMga-sapicchakam / etadutsargaliMgaM tu jagRhe munipuMgavaH / / - ina - ( AcArya dAmanandi, purANasAra saMgraha 3/34, pR0 40 ) artha :vastra-rahitatA, keza - luMcanatA, aMga-ni: ne:spRhatA aura mayUra - - picchikA svAbhAvika cihnoM ko muniyoM meM zreSTha una tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne grahaNa kiyaa| jainasAdhanA jahA~ eka ora bauddhasAdhanA kA udgama hai, vahIM dUsarI ora vaha zaivamArga kA bhI Adisrota hai| RSabhadeva aura ziva ke vyaktitva meM jo samAnatA hai, vaha bhI yahI iMgita karatI hai ki jaina aura zaiva-sAdhanAyeM kisI samaya eka hI utsa se phUTI hoMgI / - ( rAmadhArI siMha dinakara, saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya, pR0 626 ) - 12 digambara - muni ke pAsa saMyama tathA zauca ke upakaraNa ke rUpa meM 'picchi' aura 'kamaNDalu' hote haiM / sarvathA nagna evaM 'aparigraha - mahAvratI' muni ko caryA kI nirdoSatA ke rakSArtha inheM rakhane kI zAstrAjJA hai / picchi aura kamaNDalu mAno muni ke svAvalambana ke do hAtha haiN| pratilekhana-zuddhi ke lie picchi kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai, aura pANi-pAda- prakSAlana ke lie, zuddhi ke lie kamaNDalu vAJchanIya hai| picchikA mayUrapaMkhoM se banAyI jAtI hai; anya paMkha picchi ke lie upAdeya nahIM mAne gye| kyoMki muniyoM ke lie hiMsA, caurya, parigraha Adi sarvathA niSiddha haiM aura mayUrapaMkha hI aise sulabha haiM, jinheM vaha ullikhita doSoM se bacate hue grahaNa kara sakate haiN| vaha isaprakAra ki mayUra varSa meM eka bAra apanI jIrNa-pakSAvalI kA tyAgakara prakRtyA navIna pakSa prApta karatA hai; ataH samaya para binA hiMsA use prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| vanoM meM vicarate hue muniyoM ko vRkSoM ke nIce puSkala-parimANa meM svayaM patita paMkha anAyAsa mila jAte haiM / ye paMkha svayaM mayUra dvArA parityakta atha ca bhUmipatita hote haiM; ataH inheM grahaNa karane meM cauryadoSa bhI nahIM lgtaa| tIsarI bAta yaha ki prativarSa aura puSkalamAtrA meM anAyAsa milate rahane se yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki inako baTorakara, saMgrahIta kara AgAmI varSoM ke lie saMcita kiyA jAe, jisase ki parigrahadoSa kI sambhAvanA ho| isake atirikta mayUrapiccha kA lavabhAga ( bAlamaya agrabhAga ) itanA mRdu hotA hai ki pratilekhana se prAkRtavidyA aktUbara ra-disambara 2001

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kisI sUkSma- jantu kI hiMsA bhI nahIM hotii| svayaM mayUrI ke paMkha bhI picchi ke nimitta upAdAna nahIM ho skte| eka jAti ke yugala (dampati) meM bhI samAna mRdupiccha prasUta karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai| anyajAtIya pakSiyoM ke lie to kahanA vyartha hI hai| ina kAraNoM se mayUrapicchidhAraNa digambara-sAdhu kI mudrA hai| picchI rakhane se vaha nagnamudrA kisI pramAdI kI na hokara tyAgI kA paricaya upasthita karatI hai| 'mudrA sarvatra mAnyA syAt nirmudro naiva manyate' -nItisAra kI yaha ukti sAragarbhita hai| mudrA cAhe zAsakavarga ho, dhArmikavarga ho athavA vyApAravarga ho, sarvatra apekSita hotI hai| mudrArahita kI mAnyatA nhiiN| vaiSNavoM, zAktamatAnuyAyiyoM, zaivoM, rAdhAsvAmI-sAmpradAyikoM Adi meM tilaka lagAne kI pRthak-pRthak praNAlI hai| rAjabhRtyoM ke kandhoM para athavA sAmane vakSaHsthala para vastranirmita yA dhAtughaTita mudrA (cihna) hotI hai, jisase usakI pada-pratiSThA jAnI jAtI hai aura rAjabhRtyatA kI prAmANikatA siddha hotI hai| kAgaja ke noTa mudrAMkita hone se calate haiN| DAka-tAra vibhAga mudrAtmaka hai| eka rASTra se dUsare rASTra meM praveza pAne ke lie anumati-patra (pAsaporTa) aura relayAtrArtha yAtrApatra lenA Avazyaka hai| isalie bhI zramaNa-paramparA ke AdikAla se adhikRta-cihna ke rUpa meM picchi-kamaNDalu rakhane kA vidhAna calA AyA hai| 'bhadrabAhu-kriyAsAra' meM picchi rakhanA Avazyaka batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki "jo zramaNa picchi nahIM rakhatA tathA usakI nindA karatA hai, vaha mUDhacAritra'' hai|" kyoMki cAritrapAlana meM, kAyotsarga meM, gamanAgamana meM, baiThane-uThane meM picchi kA sahayoga vidita hai| apekSAsaMyamI muni ko avadhijJAna se pUrva picchi-dhAraNa karanA zAstrasammata hai| marAThI-kavi janArdana ne tyAgiyoM ke lie likhA hai ki karonI parigraha-tyAga, tIna rAkhAve kAye sNg| pustaka, pIchI, ThevI abhaMga kamaNDalabhaMga shaucaasii|| 130 / / arthAt parigrahoM kA tyAga karo aura pustaka, picchi aura kamaNDalu ko rkho| yahA~ 'pustaka' kA artha 'zAstra' hai| vAstava meM zauca, saMyama aura jJAna ke tIna upakaraNa rakhane muni ko ucita haiN| AcArya sakalakIrti ne 'mUlAcAra' meM sUcanA dI hai ki kArtikamAsa meM svayaMpatita picchoM se sata-pratilekhana taiyAra kara lenA cAhie, yaha liMga hai. yogiyoM kA cihna hai| jaise zizira meM vRkSoM ke jIrNa-patra svayaM gira jAte haiM, vaise hI mayUrapaMkha kArtika meM jhar3a jAte haiN| ahiMsAmahAvratI jaba kisI sthAna para virAjamAna hote haiM, taba isI komalabAlAgra picchi se buhArakara baiThate haiM; isase dRzya-adRzya jIvANu vahA~ se anyatra kara diye jAte haiN| digambara-sampradAya meM muni, ailaka, kSullaka tathA AryikA mAtAyeM picchi-kamaNDalu dhAraNa karate haiN| 'bhadrabAha-kriyAsAra' meM varNana hai ki "vaha sUri pAMca sau ziSyoM-sahita athavA cAra, tIna, do eka picchidhAriyoM ko sAtha lekara vihAra karatA hai|" saMghapati bhI AcArya kA ziSya hotA hai aura AryikA picchidhAraNa karatI hai| isaprakAra picchi rakhane kA nirdeza prAcIna zramaNa-paramparA se calA AyA hai| mayUrapaMkhanirmita picchidhArI digambara kA ullekha vaidikoM - prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 13

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ke purANa-sAhitya meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| padmapurANa, viSNupurANa tathA 'zivapurANa' ke TippaNI meM diye gaye uddharaNoM se yaha spaSTa hai / ' 'zivapurANa' meM eka kathA AI hai ki ziva ne digambara- mudrA dhAraNa kara devadAru- vana meM Azrama kA nirIkSaNa kiyA thA / unake hAtha meM mayUrapicchi thii| prasiddha stotra 'nama: zivAya' (paMcAkSara stuti) meM divyAya devAya digambarAya ' ziva kI digambara-mudrA likhI hai / picchi ko pratilekhana - mAtra nahIM mAnA gayA hai; apitu vandanA, sAmAyika, prAyazcitta, rugNadazA, AhArasamaya, gamana Adi prakaraNoM meM picchi ke vibhinna upayogarUpa zAstroM meM nirdiSTa hue haiM / vandanA ke samaya muni AcArya - mahArAja ko 'maiM vandanA karatA hU~' - aisA kahate hue pazvardhazayyA se Asthita hokara picchi ko mastakasparza dete hue vandanA kre|' isIprakAra jaba AcArya prativandana kareM, taba unheM sapicchAJjali honA caahie|' jisa muni mahArAja ko prAyazcitta diyA gayA hai, unheM picchi kAlomA bhAga Age kI ora rakhanA hotA hai / yaha unake prAyazcittIya hone kA nidarzaka hai| jaba ve AhAra ke lie zrAvakabastI meM jAte haiM, taba picchikamaNDalu (donoM) unake hAtha hAte haiN| yoM sAdhAraNa vihAra-s ra- samaya meM kamaNDalu ko zrAvaka, brahmacArI Adi lekara cala sakate haiN| jisa zrAvaka ke yahA~ unheM AhAravidhi mila jAtI hai, taba ve picchi aura kamaNDalu ko vAmahasta meM eka sAtha dhAraNa karate haiM aura dakSiNa-skandha para apanA paMcAMgulimukulita dakSiNapANi rakhakara AhArasvIkRti vyakta karate haiN|' AhAra karate samaya picchisparza 'antarAya' mAnA gayA hai, ata: use usa samaya dUra rakhate haiN| kucha loga mayUrapaMkha ko prANyaMga hone se apavitra kahate haiN| kintu zrIcAmuNDarAyaracita 'cAritrasAra' kA kathana hai ki 'zarIrajA api mayUrapiccha-sarpamaNi- zuktimuktAphalAdayo loke zucitvamupAgatA:' - arthAt mayUra ke paMkha, sarpamaNi, sIpa aura muktAphala Adi ( gajamuktA ) zarIraja hone para bhI lokavyavahAra 8 zuci mAne gaye haiM / yahI hetu hai ki zAstroM ne ise 'dharmaparigraha' svIkAra kiyA hai| 'mUlAcAra' to picchi ko 'dayA kA upakaraNa' kahate haiM / unakI mAnyatA hai 'pratilekhana ke lie mayUrapicchidhAraNa zreSThatA kI bAta hai|' tIrthaMkara paramadeva ise sUkSma jIvoM taka kA rakSAtmaka hone se dayopakaraNarUpa meM yogiyoM ke lie prazaMsanIya kahate haiM / 'maMtralakSaNazAstra' kahatA hai ki piccha AvazyakatA hone para chatra bhI hai aura cAmara bhI, yaMtra aura maMtra kI prasiddhi (siddhi) ke lie bhI isakA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai aura sampUrNa prANiyoM kI rakSA ke lie to hai hii|" isaprakAra picchi paMcaguNavibhUSita hai / 'mUlArAdhanA' meM picchi ke anya pA~ca kahA hai ki 'ja aura sveda kA agrahaNa, mRdutA, sukumAratA aura laghutva (halkApana); jisa picchi meM ye paMcaguNa vidyamAna hoM, usa pratilekhana- upakaraNa kI prazaMsanIyatA asaMdigdha hai / '' 'sakalakIrti- dharmapraznottara' meM mUlArAdhanAprokta paMca-guNoM kA kIrtana karane ke pazcAt isameM nirbhayatA Adi atirikta guNoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / " 'nItisAra' kA kathana hai ki 'chAyA meM, Atapa meM athavA eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para gamanAgamana karate samaya mayUrapicchi se Alekhana karake hI muni ko vartanA caahie| 'cAritrasAra' meM kisI 12 13 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2001 0014

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prakAra ke takriyA-asamartha rogAdi kAraNa hone para kahA gayA hai ki 'muni para kahA gayA hai ki 'muni picchisahita aMjalibaddha hokara, jur3I huI aMjali ko vakSaHsthala ke madhya meM sthita karake paryaMkAsana, vIrAsana athavA sukhAsana se baiThakara, mana ko ekAgra kara svAdhyAya tathA vandanA kre|" khar3e hone kI zArIrika- azaktidazA meM hI yaha vidhAna hai, svastha rahate nhiiN| mayUrapicchi meM eka anya viziSTa-guNa mUlArAdhanA' (pRSTha 215) meM batAyA gayA hai ki "jo savastraliMga dhAraNa karate haiM, unheM vastrakhaMDa ko bahuta zodhanA hotA hai; parantu mayUrapicchi-mAtra parigrahI (nirgrantha) ko bahuta zodhane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| svayaM hI unheM apratilekhana guNa prApta haiN|'' 'tattvArthazlokavArtika' kA pratipAdana hai ki 'zramaNazAstroM meM adatta ke AdAna ko 'steya' (caurya) kahA hai| koI bhI laghu yA mahat vastu, jo svayaM kI na ho, parakIya ho, use vastu ke svAmI se hI yAcanAkara prApta karanA caahie| jAna-bUjhakara athavA pramAdavaza, anajAne grahaNa kI huI vastu cauryalabdha hI mAnI jaaegii| isa artha meM sAmAnyarUpa se kisI bhI adattavastu ke grahaNa kA vidhAna muni ke lie nahIM hai| taba kyA mayUrapiccha aura kamaNDalu jo araNya meM par3e hue mila jAte haiM, muni ko nahIM grahaNa karane cAhie? ve bhI to adatta haiM, unakA AdAna kaise ho? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue Age kahA gayA hai ki nadiyoM, nirjharoM Adi kA jala, sUkhe hue gomayakhaNDa, athavA bhasma Adi, apaneApa mukta mayUrapaMkha evaM tumbIphala Adi (ukta Adi zabdoM se miTTI tathA sAmudrikanAriyala artha grahaNa karanA abhISTa pratIta hotA hai) grahaNa karane meM steyadoSa nahIM lagatA, yaha saba 'prAsuka' hai, isameM steya nahIM hai aura inakA grahaNa pramattatva kI hAni ke lie abhISTa hai| kaSAyasahita mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti ko pramattayoga' kahA gayA hai; kintu dharmaparigraha ke rUpa meM Avazyaka picchi aura kamaNDalu kA grahaNa kaSAyanimittaka nahIM hai, pratyuta-vItarAga municaryA kA upakAraka hai| tathA ca jIvarahita, acitta hone se picchi-kamaNDalu prAsuka" haiN| 'bhadrabAhukriyAsAra' meM picchi ko mokSa kA sAdhaka anyatama-kAraNa batAte hue kahA hai ki jo muni apane pAsa picchi nahIM rakhatA haiM, vaha kAyotsarga ke samaya, sthiti meM, utthAna meM, gamanAgamana meM apanI daihika-kriyAoM se sUkSma jIvoM kA nAza karatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa use hiMsAdoSa lagatA rahatA hai aura mokSapratibandhaka-karmoM se use muktizrI kI prApti nahIM hotii|" ukta samarthanoM se siddha hai ki mayUrapicchikA dhAraNa karanA tyAgiyoM ke lie Avazyaka hai| nirvANabhUmi para pahu~cAne meM jahA~ samyagdarzana-jJAna-samanvita samyakcAritra sAkSAtkAraNa hai, vahA~ picchi-kamaNDalu bhI cAritracaryA ke sahAyaka-upakaraNa hone se upakAraka athavA paramparita-kAraNa haiN| atyanta komala, nayanAbhirAma, sundara hote hue bhI mayUra inakA yathAsamaya tyAga kara detA hai aura moha nahIM krtaa| isaprakAra yaha nirmoha sikhAnevAlI hai| muni kI picchi ko dekhate hI vItarAgabhAva kA smaraNa honA caahie| aho ! tiryakyoni hote hue bhI mayUra ko apane ekamAtra alaMkaraNa barho para moha nahIM utpanna huA, muni to manuSya paryAyadhArI hai, dhImAna hai, vivekasampanna hai| yadi vaha rAgAndha ho, to dharma rasAtala meM calA prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 15

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jAnA caahie| mayUrapaMkha dekhakara saMyama ke bhAvoM meM avazya vRddhi hotI hai aura isI hetu se ise 'saMyamopakaraNa' kahanA samIcIna hai / picchidhAraNa nirmala tathA zuddha jinaliMga hai / isa tathya ko 'SaTprAbhRta' grantha ke 'bhAvaprAbhRta' prakaraNa kI 79vIM gAthA ke caturtha caraNa 'jiNaliMgaM NimmalaM suddhaM' kI TIkA meM spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki 'jinaliMgaM nagnarUpamarhanmudrAmayUrapicchakamaNDalusahitaM nirmalaM kathyate / taddvayarahitaliMgaM kazmalamityucyate / tIrthakaraparamadevAttaptaddhervinA avadhijJAnAd Rte cetyartha: / ' - arthAt mayUrapiccha tathA kamaNDalu sahita nagnarUpa 1 1 19 arhanta bhagavAn kI mudrA hai| vaha nirdoSa evaM nirmala hai| jo ina donoM se rahita nagnarUpa hai, vaha malina kahA jAtA hai / kintu tIrthaMkara paramadeva, taptarddhidhAraka tathA avadhijJAnI ko inakA dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka nahIM hai / ye (ukta ) picchikamaNDalurahita bhI arhan mudrAdhArI mAne gaye haiN| 'bhAvasaMgraha' N meM bhI avadhijJAna se pUrva taka picchidhAraNa pratilekhanazuddhi ke nimitta Avazyaka kahA hai|" avadhijJAna ke anantara isakA dhAraNa Avazyaka nahIM / upekSA-saMyamI ko picchi kI AvazyakatA nahIM / kintu apekSAsaMyamI ko dhAraNIya hai hI / 'AdAnasamiti' tathA nikSepasamiti' kA ullekha karate hue zrImatkundakundAcArya kahate haiM ki 'apahRtasaMyamadhArI muniyoM ko Agama - artha ke pratyabhijJAna ke lie bAra- bAra jJAnopakaraNa (zAstra) kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, vizuddhi ke lie zaucopakaraNa 'kamaNDalu' kI tathA saMyamopakaraNarUpa meM 'picchi' kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ina zauca- saMyama - jJAnopakaraNoM ke bArambAra grahaNa tathA visarga meM jo prayatnapariNAma hotA hai, use 'AdAnasamiti' tathA 'nikSepaNasamiti' kahA gayA hai| ekAdaza- pratimAdhArI utkRSTa - zrAvaka do prakAra kA hotA hai, prathama ekavastradhArI, dvitIya vastrarahita kaupInamAtradhArI / ye donoM hI tapa, vrata, niyamAdi pAlana karate haiN| kaupInamAtra dhAraNa karanevAle ailaka 'kacaloMca' karate haiM / picchidhAraNa donoM (kSullaka, ailaka) karate haiM / anuprekSA (dvAdazAnuprekSA ) dharmadhyAna tathA kisI eka sthAna para karapAtra meM sthitibhojana aura Asana lekara bhI AhAra grahaNa karate haiM / 20 21 mayUrapiccha ke mahattva kI sImA nahIM hai| tyAgI ke lie picchi kitanI upakAriNI hai, yaha paryApta batAyA jA cukA hai / picchi ko 'mithyAtvanAzaka tathA durmadagajendra ko bAdhA denevAlA siMha' kahA gayA hai / 'mithyAtvanAzaM madasiMharAjam' usake lie prayukta prazaMsAvacanoM meM se haiM / vasunandizrAvakAcAra, cAritrasAra, bhagavatI - ArAdhanA aura mUlAcAra ityAdi graMthoM meM picchidhAraNa kA mahattva nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| jo tyAgI picchidhAraNa karate hue apane bhAvaliMgI, vItarAga, tyAgapradhAna, lokagurusvarUpa kA saMrakSaNa nahIM karatA, vaha muniveSa ko tiraskRta karatA hai| muni aura sAmAnya laukika AgAradharmiyoM meM yadi samyakcAritra aura aparigrahAdi se pratIyamAna ziSTa - viziSTa - bodhaka bhedarekhA nahIM hogI, to parvata ke zikhara aura ghATiyoM ke nimnonnatatva ko samAna AMkanA hogA / picchi-grahaNa karane para vaha pravRttimArga tyAgakara nivRttimArga para gatimAn hotA hai| koTi-koTi jina jisa digambaratva ko apanA ArAdhya, vandanIya mAnate haiM; vaha usa varga kA mahAnubhAva vyakti bana jAtA hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 00 16

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aisI sthiti meM tapa, tyAga, cAritra aura AtmakalyANa kI vIthI ko prazasta karanevAle vyavahAroM evaM nizcayoM ke kaThina - kaThora mArga para tyAgI ko adhika se adhika sazakta aura akampa pada rakhane caahie| jisa AsthA se usane picchi- kamaNDalu liye haiM, usa AsthA ke lokapUjyarUpa kI saMvarddhanA meM yoga denA muni kA dharma hai / yadi picchi lekara bhI tyAgI ke mana meM AkiMcanya kA udaya nahIM huA aura parigrahoM para tRSNA banI rahI, to nizcaya hI mayUrapaMkha ke candraka usa AtmavaMcita para hNseNge| isase to rAga kA mArga acchA thaa| usI para calate to eka nizcita-mArga to sammukha rhtaa| aba pA~va zilA para haiM aura mana kusuma kI mRdula-paMkhar3iyoM para yaha dvedhAcAra zlAghanIya nahIM / jisa bhUmi para khar3e honA hai, usI ke hokara raho / I picchi-kamaNDalu dhAraNa mAtra se mokSa mila gayA, aisA mAnanA mithyAtva hai| yadi aisA hotA, to picchi kA prathamadhAraka mayUra pahale mokSa gayA hotaa| bahuta se akiMcana jo dhAtupAtroM ke abhAva meM kamaNDaludhAraka haiM, pratiSThA ko prApta kiye hote / parantu vAstava meM aisA nahIM hotA / yaha to tyAgI ke lie anivArya AvazyakatA hone se vihita hai aura bandhana hai| usake lie to parapadArtha sabhI rukAvaTeM haiM aura zarIra taka bandhana mAnA gayA hai| picchi- kamaNDalu to zarIra nahIM haiM aura bAhara kI vastuyeM haiN| kadAcit isI AzaMkA se muniyoM ko sAvadhAna karane kI AvazyakatA zAstrakAroM ne anubhava kI hai| eka ora ve kahate haiM ki yadi 'binA picchi ke sAta kadama gamana kara liyA, to kAyotsarga karanA hogA aura do kosa pramANa mArga para binA picchi cala liye, to zuddhi tathA upavAsa do-do prAyazcitta Avazyaka hoNge| 22 dUsarI ora kahate haiM ki jo tyAgI picchi tathA saMstara (caTAI Adi) para mamatva karatA hai, tathA mamatvapariNAma se Arta-raudradhyAna-parAyaNa hotA hai, use kyA mokSasukha kI prApti ho sakatIM. hai? 'sarahapAda' ne bhI picchivyAmoha para kaTAkSa karate hue likhA hai ki- 'picchigrahaNamAtra se mukti milatI hotI, to usakA prathama adhikArI mayUra honA cAhie aura yadi uJchaM- bhojana se mokSa hotA, to vana meM vikIrNa (svayaM patita) vRkSapatrAvalI khAkara jIvanayAtrA calAnevAle pazuoM ko vaha honA cAhie; kintu camarI gAya, picchidhara mayUra, uJcha aura zilabhojI vanyajIvoM ko uddiSTa upakaraNoM se mokSa sambhava nahIM / mokSa kI upalabdhi samyakcAritra dvArA hI hotI hai| picchi aura kamaNDalu municaryA ke sahAyaka upakaraNa mAtra haiM aura upekSAsaMyama avasthA meM, avadhijJAnI hone para athavA taptarddhi hone para usakI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / picchi se vihita caryAsauvidhyamAtra grAhya hai, yatheccha vyavahAra usake dvArA nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yatheccha vyavahAra to prAyazcitta kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| nIrogadazA meM yadi muni use mastaka para chAyArtha uttolita karatA hai, chAtI ko AcchAdita karatA hai aura mastaka - AvaraNa banAtA hai; to use prAyazcitta kalyANaka denA caahie| rugNadazA meM doSa nahIM mAnA gyaa| tathApi vaha apavAda mArga hai aura yAvacchakya muni ko apavAda aura prAyazcittIya mArga nahIM lenA caahie| picchi apratilekhana- guNa se yukta hai, kintu kamaNDalu meM sammUrcchana- jIvoM kI 23 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 2001 00 17

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utpatti hotI rahatI hai; ata: unake nirAkaraNArtha eka pakSa meM use bAhara - 1 ra-bhItara se prakSAlita karate rahanA caahie| yadi eka pakhavAr3e ke pazcAt bhI kamaNDalu kA samprokSaNa nahIM kiyA gayA, to pratikramaNa tathA upavAsa lenA hogA / ' 24 isaprakAra ke aneka udAharaNa haiM, jo picchigrahaNa kI maryAdA kA nirUpaNa karate haiM aura vaise bhI haiM jo avadhijJAnAdi vizeSa- sthitiyoM meM isakI AvazyakatA kA sarvathA nirAkaraNa karate haiM, tathA isa para utpanna hue vyAmoha kI 'yAvacca ArtaraudraM tAvanna muMcati' kahakara bhartsanA bhI karate haiN| inheM parasparara-virodhI nahIM mAna skte| kyoMki jo picchikamaNDalugrahaNa kI AvazyakatA kA nirUpaNa karate haiM, ve municaryA ke vidhiparaka sUtra haiM aura samyak jinaliMga ko pramANita karate haiM; kintu picchigrahaNa mAtra se mokSa nahIM hotA, athavA picchikamaNDalu para AsaktibhAva nahIM rakhanA cAhie - ityAdi pratipAdana karanevAle sUtra haiM, ve muni ke vyAmohanirvataka haiN| ho sakatA hai, moha tathA ajJAna ke prabhAva se muni ko apane picchikamaNDalu para vyAmoha utpanna ho jAye, yA zAstrajJAna ke abhAva meM athavA mUDhaAgraha se vaha picchi ko hI itanA mahattva dene lage ki 'basa ! picchi mila gaI, mAno mokSa mila gayA' - aura aisA mAnakara samyakcAritrapAlana meM zithilAcArI ho jAe, aisI sthiti meM use ina gAthAoM, zlokoM tathA sUtroM se saMvit milanI cAhie ki picchigrahaNa karane mAtra se koI samyaktvI nahIM bana jaataa|' .25 sarvasvatyAgI ke vratoM kI nirdoSa rakSA ke lie hI ina niSedhasUtroM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki parigraha kA artha vizAla - sampatti se hI gatArtha nahIM hotA, eka sUI bhI mUrcchA (vyAmoha) kA kAraNa ho sakatI hai aura vaha sUcI kA abhAva bhI mUrcchAkAraka hone se parigraha kahA jaaegaa| 'mUrcchA parigrahaH' - yaha sUtra upAdAnoM kI vipulatA ko hI parigraha nahIM mAnatA, apitu jisa vastu ke lavamAtra grahaNa se mUrcchA kA udaya ho, vahI parigraha hai / taba vyAmoha kone se picchi bhI municaryA kI sAdhikA na hokara pratyavAyakAriNI ho sakatI hai| 'paramAtmaprakAza' kI ukti hai ki 'celA - celiyoM kA parivAra bar3hAkara, pustakoM kA prabhUta saMgraha kara ajJAnI ko harSa hotA hai / kintu jo jJAnI hai, vaha ina parigrahoM se zarmAtA hai tathA inheM rAga aura bandhakAraNa mAnatA hai| yadi tyAgI kA mana celA- celiyoM, pustakoM, picchi- kamaNDaluoM, zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM, AryikA kSullaka - ailaka - parivAroM meM tathA caukI - paTTe - caTAI Adi meM ulajhA rahA, to inako lekara rAta-dina use Arta- raudra dhyAna meM pha~sanA pdd'egaa| na nirAkulacaryA ho sakegI na svAdhyAya aura sAmAyika / jisa AtmakalyANa ke lie munidIkSA lI, ve uddezya kahIM mUrcchAoM meM kho jAyeMge / " ye parigraha tyAgI kA patana karAne meM sahAyaka hokara use AtmamArga se vismRta kara sakate haiM / tyAgI aura rAgI ke mArga bhinna-bhinna haiM / I 26 prasaMgavaza yahA~ yaha likhanA avasarocita hogA ki tyAgiyoM ko dhana-sampanna tathA svalpavitta, vizeSa athavA sAmAnya zrAvakajanoM ke Agamana para apane ko adhika gauravazikharArUDha nahIM mAnanA caahie| unakA samabhAva hI lokakalyANakAraka hai / U~ce-nIce AsanoM kI 1 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2001 00 18

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1 vyavasthA to rAjapariSadoM meM hI bahuta hai / svayaM bhUmi para, zilAtala para athavA caTAI para baiThanevAle muniyoM ke pAsa AnevAle ko gaddI - masanada (gAva - takiyA) yA mRdula makhamalI-galIcoM kI apekSA nahIM hotii| vaha to municaraNoM meM upAsIna hokara, tyAgI ke caraNoM kI dhUli lalATa para limpana kara prasanna hotA hai| usake lie sambhrama ke upakaraNa prastuta kara usake Agamana ko atiraMjita banAnA vItarAgamunicaryA se viparIta hai / zramaNoM ke ArAdhya bhagavAn ke lie to stuti ke chanda likhate samaya 'indraH sevAM tava sutanutAM' kahA gayA hai / vigaurava kA doSa jAnabUjhakara nahIM lenA hI zreSTha hai| isa viSaya meM sikandara aura digambara muni sAkSAtkAra kA eka prasaMga itihAsaprasiddha hai / tyAgI ko usa AraNyaka nadI ke samAna honA cAhie, jisake taTa para hAthI pAnI pIne Ae, to vaha harSita hokara kinAroM para uccalita nahIM hotI aura hariNa Ae, to mana choTA nahIM krtii| usake do pAToM kI aMjali kA nIra sabake lie samAna sulabha hai| muni-tyAgI kA sthAna samrAToM se bhI Upara hai| samrAT bhI tyAgI ke AzIrvAda kI apekSA karatA hai aura usase aizvarya, vibhUti, kRpAprasAda cAhatA hai / kintu muni nirapekSa hai / yadi saMsAra AzA dAsa hai, to tyAgI ne AzA ko dAsI banA liyA hai| ve muni manuSyaparyAyI hote hue bhI manuSyakoTi se Upara haiM / cintA ko vazIbhUta karane se unheM siddha (tapasvI) kahA jAtA hai / 'je nara cintA basa karahiM, te mANasa nahi siddha' - aisA kahate hue unakA stavana kiyA gayA hai aura itane para bhI ve kevala 'bAhyagranthivihInA: ' hI hoM, to kyA kahA jA sakatA hai? vaha to aMgAra meM vidruma kA bhrama hI kahA jA sakatA hai| prastuta nibandha 'picchi aura kamaNDalu' muniyoM ke dvArA dhAraNIya zauca-saMyamopakaraNa-viSayaka hai aura jJAnopakaraNa ke rUpa meM zAstra rakhane kA, svAdhyAya tatpara rahane kA Adeza zAstroM meM diyA gayA hai, ata: lekha- samApti se pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki 'mUlArAdhanA' kI una paMktiyoM ko smaraNa kara liyA jAe, jinameM zikSA ( svAdhyAya) kA Agraha karate hue AcArya ne kahA hai ki- 'prANa jaba kaNThagata hoM, taba bhI muni, tapasvI ko prayatnapUrvaka AgamasvAdhyAya karanA caahie|' AcArya zrIkundakunda svAmI ne kahA hai-- ' AgamacakkhU sAhU' aura 'ajjhayaNameva jhANaM' - sAdhu kI A~kheM usakA zAstra hai| jahA~ use caryA meM saMzayavikalpa hoM, to tatkAla zAstroM kI zaraNa lenI caahie| zAstra batAyeMge ki vaha kyA kare? kyA na kare? aura tyAga kA dhyAna usakA adhyayana hai / adhyayana dvArA hI vaha samyaktva ke viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta karatA hai| zAstroM kI sIpa se samyaktva ke muktAphala milate haiN| tanmayatA bar3hatI hai aura jJAnasampanna hone se sva-para kA bodha hotA hai / isaprakAra dhyAna dvArA jo pariNAmavizuddhi hotI hai, vahI zAstrasvAdhyAya se siddha hotI hai / yahI socakara AcArya kahate haiM-- 'adhyayanam eva dhyAnam'; yahA~ 'eva' zabda nizcayaparaka hai / vAstava meM jinasarasvatI ke darzana karanevAloM ne tanmaya hokara adhyayana meM hI dhyAna tathA samAdhi prApta kI hai / jinhoMne dustara-saMsAravAridhi ko tairakara pAra jAne ke lie picchi- kamaNDalu tathA zAstra tIna prAkRtavidyA -aktUbara-disambara '2001 0019

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upakaraNa evaM samyaktvapUrvaka darzana-jJAnacAritrarUpa triratnoM ko dhAraNa kara liyA hai, mAno usane janma-punarjanma kI gati rokane ke lie vajramaya tiharI prAkArabhittiyoM kA nirmANa kara liyA hai| picchi' zivamArga kI buhArI hai, 'kamaNDalu' siMcana karanevAlA hai aura 'zAstra' zivamArga kI dizAbodha kI dhuvasUcI (kampAsa) hai| usa durgama-patha para pahu~canevAlA to karmarajovimukta AtmA hI hai, iti shubhm| sandarbha-anukramaNikA 1. 'jo savaNo Nahi picchaM giNhadi ziMdedi muuddhcaaritto| jo savaNa-saMghavajjo avaMdaNijjo sadA hodi||' - (bhadrabAhu kriyAsAra, 79). 2. 'avadheH prAk pragRhNanti mRdupicchaM ythaagtm| yat svayaMpatitaM bhUmau prtilekhnshuddhye||' - (bhAvasaMgraha, 276) 3. 'mattveti kArtike mAse kArya stprtilekhnm| svayaMpatitapicchAnAM liMga citaM ca yoginAm / / ' -- (mUlAcAra) 4. 'paMcasaya-picchahattho aha ctu-tig-donnnnihttho| saMghavaihu sIso ajjA puNu hodi picchkraa||' - (bhadrabAhukriyAsAra) 5. yogI digambaro muNDo bahipicchadharo dvija:' / - (padma0, 13/33) 'tato digambaro muNDo bahipicchadharo dvijH'| -(viSNu0, 3/18) 'mayUracandrikApuMjapicchikAM dhArayan kre|' - (zivapu0, 10/80/80) 6. 'pazvardhazayyayA'namya sapicchAJjalibhAlaka: / ' - (AcArasAra, 61) 7. 'vigauravAdidoSeNa spicchaanyjlishaalinaa|| sadabjasaryAcAryeNa karttavyaM prtivndnm||' -(AcArasAra, 62) 8: 'picchaM kamaNDalu vAmahaste skandhe tu dakSiNam / hastaM nidhAya saMdRSTyA sa vrajet zrAvakAlayam / / ' -(dharmarasika) 9. 'santi mayUrapicche'tra prtilekhnmuurjitm| taM prazaMsanti tIrthezA dayAyai yoginAM param / / ' - (mUlAcAra, 32) 10. 'chatrArthaM cAmarArthaM ca rakSArthaM srvdehinaam| yaMtramaMtraprasiddhyarthaM paMcaite picchilakSaNam / / ' -- (maMtralakSaNazAstra) ___11. 'rajasedANamagahaNaM maddavasukumAladA laghuttaM ca / - jatthede paMcaguNA taM paDilihaNaM psNsNti||' - (mUlArAdhanA, 98) 12.. 'atha picchikAguNA rj:svedaagrhnndvym| ___mArdavaM sukumAratvaM laghutvaM sadguNA ime / / paMca jJeyAstathA jJeyA nirbhyaadigunnottmaaH| mayUrapicchajAtAyAH picchikAyA jinoditAH / / ' - (sakalakIrtidharmapraznottara, 29-30) 13. 'picchena mRdunA'likhya vapurdharmAd vizen muniH / . chAyAM tathaiva dharma ca bhUmibhede'pi cAnvaham / / ' -- (nItisAra, 43) 10 20 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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14. 'sapratilekhanamukulitavatsotsaMgitakaraH saparyaMkaH / kuyadikAgramanaH svAdhyAyaM vandanAM punrshktyaa||' -(cAritrasAra, 43). 15. 'appaDilihaNaM vasanasahitaliMgadhAriNo hi vastrakhaNDAdikaM zodhanIyaM mahat / itarasya picchaadimaatrm|' --- (mUlArAdhanA) 16. 'pramattayogato yat syAdadattAdAnamAtmanaH / steyaM tat sUtritaM dAnAdAnayogyArthagocaram / / tena sAmAnyato'dattamAdadAnasya sanmuneH / sarinnirjharaNAdyambha: shusskgomykhnnddkm|| bhasmAdi vA svayaM mukta picchAlAbuphalAdikam / prAsukaM na bhavet steyaM pramattatvasya hAnita: / / ' -(tattvArthazlokavArtika, 7/15) 17. prAsukasyArthaH - 'sukkaM pakkaM tattaM ammilalavaNeNa missayaM davvaM / jaM jaMtteNa hi chiNNaM taM savvaM pAsugaM bhaNidaM / / ' -(gRhasthaMdharma, 11) 18. 'ThANaNisijjAgamaNe jIvANaM haMti appaNo dehaM / ____dasakatta riThANa gadaM Nippicche Natthi NivvANaM / / ' -(bhadrabAhukri0, 25) 19. 'avadhe: prAk pragRhNanti mRdupicchaM ythaagtm| yat svayaM patitaM bhUmau prtilekhnshuddhye||' -(bhAvasaMgraha, 276) 20. 'pustakakamaNDalvAdigrahaNavisargayoH prayatnapariNAmaH / . AdAnanikSepaNasamitirbhavatIti nirdissttaa||' (saMskRta chAyA niyamasAra) 21. 'ekAdazasthAne utkRSTa zrAvako dvividhaH / vastraikadhara: prathama: kaupInaparigraho dvitIyaH / / tapovrataniyamAvazyakalocaM karoti picchaM gRhNAti / anuprekSA dharmadhyAnaM karapAtre ekasthAne / / ' -(AlocanA) 22. 'saptapAdeSu ni:piccha: kAyotsargeNa shuddhyti| gavyUtigamane zuddhimupavAsaM smshnute||' - (cAritrasAra, 44) 23. 'ucchIrSasya vidhAne'pi pratilekhasya hRcchde| mastakAvaraNAd deyaM kalyANaM vA na dussyti||' -(prAyazcitta, 75) 24. 'zazvad vizodhayet sAdhu: pakSe-pakSe kmnnddlum|| tadazodhayato deyaM sopasthAnopavAsanam / / ' -(prA0 samuccaya, 88) 25. 'piccheNa hu sammattaM karagahie cmrmorddNbre| samabhAve jiNadiTuM rAyAI doscttenn||' - (7/7, gAthA 28) 26. 'cellA cellI putthiyahiM tUsai mUDha NibhaMtu / eyahiM lajjai NANiyau baMdhaha heu munntu|| caTTahiM paTTahiM kuMDiyahiM cellAcelliyarAhiM / moha jiNeviNu muNivarahaM uppahi pADiyatehiM / / ' - (paramAtmaprakAza, 88-89) prAkRtavidyA- aktUbara-disambara '2001 1021

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bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna jaina-vizvavidyAlaya -DaoN0 jyotiprasAdga jaina nirgantha zramaNa-saMskRti ke itihAsa kA prAmANika jJAna na hone se na to hameM apane atIta kA gauravabodha ho pAtA hai aura na hI apanI mahatI-paramparA kA vAstavika-jJAna hI ho pAtA hai| svanAmadhanya yaza:kAya manISI DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jI jaina ne isa gahana zodhapUrNa Alekha meM 'vATagrAma' ke jaina-vizvavidyAlaya, usakI gauravazAlI-paramparA tathA jJAna-vijJAna-mahAsindhu mahAjJAnI AcArya vIrasenasvAmI ke dvArA usakA kulapatitva grahaNa karane kA jo ullekha isameM hai; isase isakI mahattA kA spaSTabodha ho jAtA hai| kadAcit jaina-manISiyoM meM Aja aise gaMbhIra itihAsa-anveSaka hote aura aise samarpitabhAva se kArya karate, to na jAne kitane anajAne rahasya Aja prakaTa hote aura nirgrantha zramaNa-saMskRti kI garimA pratiSThita hotii| sAtha hI 'anekAnta' nAmaka zodhapatrikA ke vartamAna karNadhAroM se bhI nivedana hai ki ve nirAdhAra pUrvAgrahI AkSepa-pratyAkSepa kI saMkIrNatA se bacakara apane prAcIna aMkoM meM prakAzita aisI mahattvapUrNa jJAna-sAmagrI kA kramaza: punarprakAzana bhI kareM, to yaha pratiSThita zodhapatrikA puna: apane prAcIna-gaurava ko pAkara vidvAnoM evaM jijJAsuoM meM pratiSThita evaM spRhaNIya bana jaayegii| tathA | samAja meM naye vivAdoM kI jagaha upayogI dizAbodha mila skeNge| -sampAdaka IsvI san kI AThavIM zatAbdI meM bhAratavarSa ne ekasAtha tIna sAmrAjyoM kA udaya dekhA-- dakSiNApatha meM rASTrakUTa', bihAra-baMgAla meM 'pAla' aura uttarApatha ke madhyapradeza (gaMgA ke doAbe) meM 'gurjara-pratihAra' / lagabhaga do zatAbdI-paryanta ina tInoM hI sAmrAjyoM meM sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke ekacchatra zAsana ke lie paraspara prabala-pratidvandvitA evaM hor3a rahI, kintu ukta uddezya meM tInoM meM se eka bhI saphala na ho skaa| tInoM kI hI sAtha-sAtha svatantra-sattA banI rhii| itanA avazya hai ki una tInoM meM vistAra, zakti evaM samRddhi kI dRSTi se rASTrakUTasAmrAjya hI saMbhavatayA sarvopari rhaa| rASTrakUToM kA sambandha dakSiNApatha ke azokakAlIna prAcIna raTThikoM' ke sAtha jor3A jAtA hai, aura yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki chaThI-sAtavIM zatI meM inakA mUla nivAsa-sthAna varADa' yA 'varaTa' (Adhunika barAra' aura prAcIna 'vidarbha') deza meM sthita 'lAtUra' nAmaka sthAna thA, jahA~ usa kAla meM ve pahale banavAsI' ke kadamboM ke aura tadanantara 'vAtApI' ke prAcIna pazcimIya cAlukya-narezoM ke atisAmAnya 0022 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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karada-sAmantoM ke rUpa meM nivAsa karate the| sAtavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM unhoMne zakti - saMvarddhana prArambha kiyA aura AThavIM zatI ke dvitIya - pAda ke prArambha ke lagabhaga rASTrakUTa rAjA 'dantidurga' eka zaktizAlI rAjya kI nIMva DAlane meM saphala huA aura AgAmI 25-30 varSoM meM vaha prAya: sampUrNa dakSiNApatha kA svAmI bana baiThA / avazya hI usane apane pUrva prabhuoM, vAtApI ke cAlukya-samrAToM, kI uttarottara hone vAlI avanati kA pUrA lAbha uThAyA; apitu unake prabhutva kA anta karane meM sakriya yoga diyA aura zanaiH-zanai: unake sampUrNa sAmrAjya ko hastagata kara liyaa| tatpazcAt usake uttarAdhikAriyoM -- kRSNa - prathama akAlavarSa (756772 I0), govinda-dvitIya (772-779 I0), dhruva-dhArAvarSa-nirupama zrIvallabha (779-793 I0) aura govinda-tRtIya jagatuMga prabhUtavarSa ( 793-814 I0) ne apanI saphala AkrAmaka-nIti ke phalasvarUpa dantidurga ke ukta rASTrakUTa rAjya ko eka bhArI - sAmrAjya ke rUpa meM pariNata kara diyA, jisakA ki vistAra sudUraM dakSiNa meM 'kerala' aura 'kA~cI' - paryanta thA aura uttara meM mAlavA-paryanta, uttara-pazcima dizA meM prAya: sampUrNa gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke kucha bhAga usake aMga bana gaye the aura pUrva meM 'veMgi' ke pUrvI - cAlukya usake karada- sAmanta bana gaye - / taduparAnta lagabhaga Der3ha sau varSa paryanta yaha vizAla rASTrakUTa - sAmrAjya apanI zakti, vaibhava evaM samRddhi kI caramAvasthA kA upayoga karatA huA prAyaH akSuNNa banA rhaa| dasavIM `zatI ke tRtIya pAda ke anta ke lagabhaga vaha akasmAt dharAzAyI ho gyaa| ar3hAI sau varSa kA yaha kAla dakSiNApatha ke itihAsa meM 'rASTrakUTa-yuga' ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| apane samaya ke isa sarvAdhika vistRta, vaibhavazAlI evaM zakti - sampanna bhAratIya - sAmrAjya ke adhIzvara ina rASTrakUTa- narezoM kI kIrtigAthA araba - saudAgaroM ke dvArA sudUra madhyaeziyAI dezoM taka pahu~cI thI, jahA~ ve 'balaharA' (vallabharAya) ke nAma se prasiddha hue / rASTrakUToM kI isa mahatI-saphalatA kA zreya jahA~ anukUla paristhitiyoM, unakI svayaM kI mahatvAkAMkSA, zaurya aura rAjanItika paTutA ko hai; vahA~ usakA eka pramukha-kAraNa unakI sAmAnya-nIti bhI thI / ve susabhya aura susaMskRta bhI the, sAhitya aura kalA ke prazrayadAtA the aura sabase bar3I bAta yaha ki ve pUrNatayA sarvadharma sahiSNu the| elorA ke prakhyAta guhAmandiroM kA utkhanana- kArya kRSNa- prathama ke samaya meM prArambha huA, jisameM zaiva, jaina aura bauddha-tInoM hI sampradAyoM ne yoga diyA tathA utkhanita - guhA - sthApatya ke apratima udAharaNa prastuta kiye| mahAnagarI mAnyakheTa kI nIMva govinda - tRtIya ne hI DAla dI thI aura usake putra evaM uttarAdhikArI samrAT-amoghavarSa prathama nRpatuMga - sarvavarma ( 815-877 I0) ne usakA nirmANa karake aura use apanI rAjadhAnI banAkara use dvitIya indrapurI banA diyA thaa| sAmrAjya ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM jainAdi vibhinna dharmoM ke aneka sundara devAlaya tathA dhArmika, sAMskRtika evaM zikSA-saMsthAna sthApita hue| ina dharmAyatanoM evaM saMsthAnoM ke nirmANa evaM saMrakSaNa meM svayaM ina samrAToM ne, inake sAmanta saradAroM aura rAjakIya adhikAriyoM ne tathA samRddha prajAjanoM prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 2001 00 23

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ne udAra-anudAna diye| usa yuga meM paccIsiyoM udbhaTa vidvAnoM ne prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza aura kannar3a kI vividha-viSayaka mahattvapUrNa-kRtiyoM se bhAratI ke bhaMDAra kI prabhUta zrIvRddhi kii| vibhinna-dhArmika sampradAya sAmrAjya meM sAtha-sAtha phala-phUla rahe the| unake anuyAyIvidvAnoM meM paraspara maukhika vAda-vivAda bhI hote the, bahudhA svayaM samrAT kI rAjasabhA meM hI, aura sAhitya dvArA bhI khaMDana-maMDana hote the, kintu ye vAda-vivAda aura khaMDana-maMDana bauddhika stara se nIce nahIM utarate the, unameM prAya: kaTutA nahIM hotI thI aura na vidveSa yA vaimanasya bhar3akAte the| dhArmika-atyAcAra aura balAt dharma-parivartana usa yuga meM ajJAta the| sabhI sampradAya lokahita, janajIvana ke utthAna aura rASTra ke abhyudaya meM yathAzakti sakriyasahayoga dete the / upalabdha pramANAkSaroM se spaSTa hai ki rASTrakUTa - sAmrAjya meM jainadharma kI sthiti paryApta spRhaNIya thii| use rAjya evaM janatA, donoM kA hI prabhUta prazraya evaM samAdara prApta thA / rASTrakUTa-itihAsa ke vizeSajJa DaoN0 ananta sadAziva alatekara ke anusAra "usa kAla meM dakSiNApatha kI sampUrNa janasaMkhyA kA hI kama se kama tRtIyAMza jaina-dharmAvalambI thA / isa dharma ke anuyAyiyoM meM prAya: sabhI vargoM, jAtiyoM evaM vargoM kA pratinidhitva thA-- unameM rAjyavaMza ke strI-puruSa bhI the, aneka sAmanta- saradAra, senApati aura daNDanAyaka bhI the, brAhmaNa, paMDita aura vyApArI evaM vyavasAyI bhI the, sainika aura kRSaka bhI the, zilpI, karmakAra aura dalita bhI the| jainAcAryoM ne bhI isa suyoga kA lAbha uThAkara svadharma ko rAjya evaM samAja kI AvazyakatAoM ke anurUpa DhAlane meM aura use sacetana evaM pragatizIla banAne meM koI kasara nahIM uThA rkhii| phalasvarUpa janajIvana ke abhyutthAna meM ve pramukha bhAga lene meM samartha hue| " DaoN0 altekara ke matAnusAra "sArvajanika zikSA ke kSetra meM to unakA sakriya-yogadAna sambhavata: sarvopari thA, jisakA eka pramANa yaha hai ki Aja bhI dakSiNa bhArata meM bAlakoM ke zikSArambha ke samaya jaba unheM varNamAlA sikhAI jAtI hai, to sarvaprathama unheM 'OM namaH siddhebhyaH' nAma kA maMgala sUtra raTAyA jAtA hai, na ki brAhmaNa - paramparA kA 'zrI gaNezAya nmH'| 'OM namaH siddhebhyaH' viziSTatayA jaina-mantra hai, hindU, bauddha Adi anya dharmoM se usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| isI AdhAra para DaoN0 cintAmaNi vinAyaka vaidya ne bhI yaha kathana kiyA hai ki usa yuga meM sArvajanika - zikSA ke kSetra para jaina - zikSakoM ne aisA pUrNa evaM vyApaka niyantraNa sthApita kara liyA thA ki jainadharma kI avanati ke uparAnta bhI hindUjana apane bAlakoM kA zikSArambha usI jaina- - mantra se karAte rahe haiM / vastutaH uttara bhArata ke aneka-bhAgoM kI prAcIna-paddhati kI prAthamika pAThazAlAoM (caTasAloM Adi) meM bhI bAlakoM kA zikSArambha usI jaina-mantra ke vikRta rUpa 'o-nA-mA-sIdhama' se hotA AyA hai, jisakA artha bhI prAyaH na par3hanevAle hI samajhate haiM aura na par3hAnevAle hii| isIprakAra, jaina- vyAkaraNa 'kAtantra' kA maMgala-sUtra svayaM 'siddho varNasamAmnAya :' bhI apane vikRtarUpa 'saradA varanA OO 24 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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savA manAyA' meM Aja bhI pAThazAlAoM meM pracalita pAyA jAtA hai| ataeva isa viSaya meM sandeha nahIM hai ki usa kAla meM usa pradeza meM aise anaginata jainasaMsthAna the jo zikSA kendroM ke rUpa meM cala rahe the aura unake koI-koI to aise vizAla vidyApITha yA jJAnakendra the, jinase jJAna kI kiraNeM caturdika prasarita hotI thiiN| prAya: pratyeka vasati (jinamaMdira) se sambaddha jo pAThazAlA hotI thI, usameM dhArmika evaM saMtoSI-vRtti ke jaina-gRhastha zikSA dete the, jinameM bahudhA gRha-sevI yA gRha-tyAgI brahmacArI, brahmacAriNiyA~ Adi bhI hote the| kSullaka, ailaka aura nirgrantha-muni bhI jaba-jaba apane vihAra-kAla meM vahA~ nivAsa karate, vizeSakara varSAvAsa yA cAturmAsa-kAla meM, to ve bhI isa zikSaNa meM yoga dete the| kintu jo vizAla jJAnapITha hote the, unakA niyantraNa evaM saMcAlana diggaja nirgranthAcArya hI karate the aura vahA~ apane guru-bandhuoM, ziSyoM-praziSyoM ke vRhat parivAra ke sAtha jJAnArAdhanA karate the| apanI carcA ke niyamAnusAra ye niSparigrahI tapasvI digambara-munijana samaya-samaya para yatra-tatra alpAdhika vihAra bhI karate rahate the, kintu sthAyI-nivAsa unakA prAya: vahI sthAna hotA thaa| ina vidyApIThoM meM sAhitya-sAdhanA ke atirikta tAttvika, dArzanika evaM dhArmika hI nahIM, laukika-viSayoM, yahA~ taka ki rAjanIti kA bhI zikSaNa diyA jAtA thaa| sAdhuoM ke atirikta vizeSa-jJAna ke arthI gRhastha-chAtra, jinameM bahudhA rAjapuruSa bhI hote the, isa zikSaNa kA lAbha uThAte the| ina kendroM meM ni:zulkaAvAsa evaM bhojana aura sArvajanika-cikitsA kI bhI bahudhA vyavasthA rahatI thii| rASTrakUTa-kAla aura sAmrAjya ke pramukha-jJAnapIThoM meM saMbhavatayA sarvamahAn vATagrAma' kA jJAnakendra thaa| varADa pradeza' (barAra) meM tatkAlIna nAsika-deza (prAnta) ke 'vATanagara' nAmaka viSaya (jile) kA mukhya-sthAna yaha vATagrAma, vATagrAmapura yA vATanagara thA, jisakI pahacAna vartamAna mahArASTra rAjya ke nAsika jile ke 'DiMDorI' tAlake meM sthita 'vAnI' nAmaka grAma se kI gaI hai| nAsika nagara se pA~ca mIla uttara kI ora 'satamAlA' aparanAma 'candora' nAma kI pahAr3ImAlA hai. jisakI eka pahAr3I para cAmbhAra-leNa' nAma se prasiddha eka prAcIna utkhanita jaina-guphA-zreNI hai| yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki prAcInakAla meM ye guphAyeM jaina-maniyoM ke nivAsa ke upayoga meM AtI thiiN| isa pahAr3I ke usa pAra hI vAnI' nAma kA gA~va basA huA hai, jahA~ ki ukta kAla meM uparokTa 'vATa nagara' basA huA thaa| bahusaMkhyaka guphAoM ke isa silasile ko dekhakara yaha sahaja hI anumAna hotA hai ki yahA~ kisI samaya eka mahAn jaina-saMsthAna rahA hogaa| vastuta: rASTrakUTa-yuga meM rahA hI thaa| usa samaya isa saMsthAna ke kendrIya-bhAga meM aSTama-tIrthaMkara candraprabhu kA eka manorama-caityAlaya bhI sthita thA, jisake sambandha meM usa kAla meM bhI yaha kiMvadantI pracalita thI ki vaha ANatendra dvArA nirmApita hai|' yaha punIta-caityAlaya hI saMbhavatayA saMsthAna ke kulapati kA AvAsa-sthala thaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0025

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- 1 'vATanagara' ke isa jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kA zreya saMbhavatayA 'paMcastUpa - nikAya' (jo kAlAntara meM 'senasaMgha' ke nAma se prasiddha huA) ke digambarAcAryoM ko hI hai / IsvI san ke prArambha ke AsapAsa hastinApura, mathurA athavA kisI anya sthAna ke prAcIna pA~ca jainastUpoM se saMbaMdhita hone ke kAraNa muniyoM kI yaha zAkhA 'paJcastUpAnvaya' kahalAI / pA~cavIM zatI I0 meM isI stUpAnvaya ke eka prasiddha AcArya guhanandi ne vArANasI se baMgAla-dezastha 'pahAr3apura' kI ora vihAra kiyA thA, jahA~ unake ziSya - praziSyoM ne 'baTagohAlI' kA prasiddha saMsthAna sthApita kiyA thaa| chaThI zatI meM isI anvaya ke eka AcArya vRSabhanandi kI ziSya-paramparA meM sAtavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM saMbhavatayA zrIsena nAma ke eka AcArya hue aura saMbhavatayA ina zrIsena ke ziSya candrasenAcArya the, jinhoMne AThavIM zatI I0 ke prathama pAda ke lagabhaga rASTrakUToM ke sambhAvita utkarSa ko lakSya karake vATanagara kI bastI ke bAhara sthita 'caMdora parvatamAlA' kI ina cAmbhAra - leNoM meM uparokta jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kI thI / sampUrNa nAsikya-kSetra tIrthakara - candraprabhu se saMbaMdhita tIrthakSetra mAnA jAtA thA aura isa sthAna meM to svayaM dhavalavarNa candraprabhu kA tathAkathita ANatendra - nirmita dhavala - bhavana vidyamAna thA / 'gajapanthA' aura 'mAMgI-tuMgI' ke prasiddha prAcIna jainatIrtha bhI nikaTa the, 'elAura' yA 'ailapura' (elaurA) kA zaiva- saMsthAna aura 'kanherI' kA bauddha-saMsthAna bhI dUra nahIM rASTrakUToM kI pradhAna sainika chAvanI bhI kucha haTakara usI pradeza ke 'mayUrakhaMDI' nAmaka durga meM thI aura tatkAlIna rAjadhAnI 'sUlubhaMjana' (sorabhaMja ) bhI nAtidUra thI / isaprakAra yaha sthAna nirjana aura prAkRtika bhI thA, prAcIna pavitra - paramparAoM se yukta thA, rAjadhAnI Adi ke jhamele se dUra bhI, kintu zAnti aura surakSA kI dRSTi se usake prabhAvakSetra meM hI thaa| acchI bastI ke naikaTya se prApta-suvidhAoM kA bhI lAbha thA aura usake zoragula se asampRkta bhI raha sakatA thaa| eka mahattvapUrNa jJAnakendra ke lie yaha Adarza sthiti thii| candrasenAcArya ke pazcAt unake pradhAna - ziSya Aryanandi ne saMsthAna ko vikasita kiyaa| saMbhavatayA ina donoM hI guru-ziSyoM kI yaha AkAMkSA thI ki yaha saMsthAna eka vizAla jJAnakendra bane aura isameM 'SaTkhaMDAgama' Adi AgamagranthoM para vizeSarUpa se kArya kiyA jaaye| saMyoga se Aryanandi ko vIrasena ke rUpa meM aise pratibhAsampanna suyogya ziSya kI prApti huI, jisake dvArA unheM apanI cirAbhilASA phalavatI hotI dIkha pdd'ii| vIrasena, jo sambhavatayA svayaM rAjakulotpanna the aura yaha saMbhAvanA hai ki rAjasthAna ke suprasiddha cittaur3agar3ha ke morI (maurya) rAjA dhavalappadeva ke kaniSTha- Tha - putra the, guru kI abhilASA ko pUrNa karane ke lie sannaddha ho gye| guru kI preraNA se vaha AgamoM ke viziSTa - jJAnI elAcArya kI sevA meM pahu~ce, jo usa samaya citrakUTapura (uparokta citaur3a) meM hI nivAsa karate the, aura unake samIpa unhoMne 'kammapayaDipAhuDa' Adi AgamoM kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kiyA / tadanantara vaha apane 'vATanagara' ke saMsthAna meM vApasa Aye aura AThavIM zatI I0 ke madhya ke lagabhaga guru ke nidhanoparAnta ukta saMsthAna 26 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001

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ke adhyakSa yA kulapati bane aura AgamoM kI apanI vizAla TIkAoM ke nirmANa-kArya meM ekaniSTha hokara juTa gye| / svAmI vIrasena ko prAkRta aura saMskRta ubhaya-bhASAoM para pUrNa-adhikAra thA tathA siddhAnta, chanda, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa aura pramANa-zAstroM meM vaha parama-niSNAta the| unake ziSya jinasena ne unake lie kavi-cakravartI' vizeSaNa bhI prayukta kiyA hai| vIrasena apane samaya ke sarvopari 'pustaka-ziSya' samajhe jAte the, jisakA artha hai ki unhoMne usa samaya upalabdha prAya: samasta sAhitya par3ha DAlA thaa| yaha tathya unakI kRtiyoM meM upalabdha anaginata-saMdarbha-saMketoM evaM uddharaNoM se bhI spaSTa hai| ina AcAryapuMgava ne jo vizAla sAhitya-sRjana kiyA, usameM SaTkhaNDAgama' ke prathama pA~ca-khaNDoM para nirmita 'dhavalA' nAma kI 72000 zloka parimANa mahatI TIkA, chaThe khaNDa 'mahAbandha' kA 30000 zloka-parimANa saTippaNa-sampAdana 'mahAdhavala' ke rUpa meM, kasAya-pAhuDa kI 'jayadhavala' nAmnI TIkA kA lagabhaga tRtIyAMza jo lagabhaga 26500 zloka parimANa hai, 'siddha-bhUpaddhati' nAma kA gaNita-zAstra tathA dUsarI zatI I0 ke yativRSabhAcAryakRta tiloyapaNNatti' kA kisI jIrNa-zIrNa prAcIna-prati para se uddhAra karake banAyA usakA antima saMskaraNa to hai hI, anya koI racanA bhI rahI ho, to isakA abhI patA nahIM claa| isameM sandeha nahIM ki unhoMne apane saMsthAna meM eka atyanta samRddha grantha-bhaMDAra saMgraha kiyA hogaa| lekhana ke lie TanoM tAr3apatra tathA anya lekhana-sAmagrI kI AvazyakatA-pUrti ke lie bhI vahA~ ina vastuoM kA eka acchA bar3A kArakhAnA hogaa| apane kArya meM tathA saMsthAna kI anya gatividhiyoM meM yoga denevAle unake darjanoM sahAyaka aura sahayogI bhI hoNge| unake sadharmA ke rUpa meM jayasena kA aura pramukha-ziSyoM ke rUpa meM dazaratha guru, zrIpAla, vinayasena, padmasena, devasena aura jinasena ke nAma to prApta hote hI haiN| anya samakAlIna vidvAnoM meM unake dIkSAguru Aryanandi aura vidyAguru elAcArya ke atirikta dakSiNApatha meM gaMganareza zrIpurupa muttarasa zatrubhayaMkara (726-776 I0) dvArA samAdRta thaa| nirguDarAja ke rAjanIti-vidyAguru vimalacandra, rASTrakUTa-kRSNa-prathama kI sabhA meM vAda-vijaya karanevAle paravAdimalla akalaMkadeva ke prathama TIkAkAra anantavIrya-prathama, tattvArthazlokavArtika aSTasahasrI Adi ke kartA svAmI vidyAnandi, harivaMzapurANakAra jinasenasUri, rAmAyaNa Adi ke racayitA apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayaMbhU Adi ullekhanIya haiN| cittaur3a-nivAsI mahAn zvetAmbarAcArya yAkinIsUnu haribhadrasUri bhI inake samakAlIna the| bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ko apanI bAlyAvasthA meM svAmI vIrasena ne dekhA-sUnA ho sakatA hai, unakA smaraNa vIrasena pUjyapAda' nAma se karate the| svAmI vIrasena ne 'dhavalA' TIkA kI samApti san 781 I0 (vikrama saM0 838) meM kI thI aura 793 I0 ke lagabhaga unakA svargavAsa ho gayA pratIta hotA hai| isameM saMdeha nahIM hai ki vATanagara' meM jJAnakendra ko svAmI vIrasena ne unnati ke carama-zikhara para pahu~cA diyA thaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0027

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unake pazcAt saMsthAna kA kAryabhAra unake priya-ziSya jinasena-svAmI ne sNbhaalaa| yaha aviddhakarNa bAla-tapasvI bhI adbhuta pratibhA sampanna the| 'pArvAbhyudaya' kAvya unake kAvyakauzala kA uttama-paricAyaka hai| san 837 I0 (zaka saM0 759) meM unhoMne guru dvArA adhUre chor3e kArya--'jayadhavala' ke zeSAMSa ko lagabhaga 40000 zloka-parimANa pUrNa kiyaa| isa mahAgrantha kA sampAdana unake jyeSTha sadharmA zrIpAla ne kiyA thaa| aisA lagatA hai ki tadanantara jinasena ne 'mahApurANa' kI racanA prAraMbha kI; kintu vaha usake Adya 10380 zloka hI raca pAye aura unameM prathama tIrthakara AdinAtha kA caritra bhI pUrA na kara pAye ki 850 I0 se kucha pUrva hI unakA nidhana ho gyaa| rASTrakUTa-samrATa amoghavarSa-prathama nRpatuMga (815-877 I0) unheM apanA guru mAnatA thA aura yadA-kadA rAjyakArya se virAma lekara unake tapovana meM Akara unake sAnnidhya meM samaya vyatIta karatA thaa| vaha svayaM bhI acchA vidvAn aura kavi thaa| svAmI jinasena ke samakAlIna vidvAnoM meM unake guru evaM sadharmAoM ke atirikta harivaMzapurANakAra jinasenasUri, svAmi vidyAnanda, anantavIrya dvitIya, arkakIrti, vijayakIrti, svayaMbhUputra kavi tribhuvanasvayaMbhU, zivakoTakhAcArya, vaidyaka-zAstra kalyANakAraka ke raciyatA ugrAditya, gaNitasArasaMgraha ke kartA mahAvIrAcArya aura vaiyAkaraNI zAkaTAyana pAlyakIrti ullekhanIya haiN| inameM se kama se kama antima tIna ko bhI samrATa amoghavarSa kA prazraya prApta huA thaa| svAmI jinasena ke pradhAna-ziSya AcArya guNabhadra the, jinhoMne guru ke adhUre chor3e 'AdipurANa' ko saMkSepa meM pUrA kiyA tathA uttarapurANa' ke rUpa meM anya teIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA caritra nibaddha kiyaa| unhoMne 'AtmAnuzAsana' aura 'jinadattacaritra' kI bhI racanA kii| kahA jAtA hai ki samrAT amoghavarSa ne apane yuvarAja kRSNa-dvitIya kA guru unheM niyukta kiyA thaa| guNabhadrAcArya kA nidhana kRSNa-dvitIya ke rAjyakAla (878-914 I0) ke prArambha meM lagabhaga 880 I0 meM ho gayA lagatA hai| unake samaya taka isa paramparA ke guruoM kA hI vATagrAma ke kendra se sIdhA evaM pradhAna-sambandha rahA aura vaha pUrvavat phalatA-phUlatA rahA; kintu guNabhadra ke pradhAna-ziSya lokasena ne amoghavarSa ke jaina-senApati baMkeyarasa ke patra lokAditya ke prazraya meM usakI rAjadhAnI baMkApura' ko apanA kendra banA liyA pratIta hotA hai, jahA~ usane 898 I0 meM guru dvArA racita 'uttarapurANa' kA 'granthavimocana-samAroha' kiyA thaa| ____ hAla meM hI nAsika jile ke vajIrakheDA' grAma meM prApta do tAmrazAsanoM se patA calatA hai ki kRSNa-dvitIya ke pautra evaM uttarAdhikArI rASTrakUTavaMzI rAjA indra-tRtIya (914-922 I0) ne apane siMhAsanArohaNa ke upalakSya meM, eka ke dvArA candanApura-pattana' (candra yA candrapura) kI jaina-basati kI aura dUsare ke dvArA nerapattana' (baDanagarapattana yA vATanagara) kI jaina-basadi ko bhUmi Adi kA dAna diyA thaa| ye dAna draviDasaMgha vIragaNa kI cI yAnvaya zAkhA yA virNayAnvaya zAkhA vardhamAna-guru ke ziSya lokabhadra ko samarpita kiye gaye, aisA lagatA 00 28 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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hai ki isa kAla meM isa pradeza meM senagaNa ke guruoM kA abhAva aura draviDasaMgha kA prAbalya ho gayA thaa| guNabhadra yA lokasena ke vardhamAna guru nAmaka kisI ziSya dravir3asaMgha se apanA sambandha jor3a liyA ho aura apane paramparA-guru vIrasena ke nAma para vIragaNa' sthApanA karake isa saMsthAna kA adhikAra apane hAtha meM liyA ho| vajIrakheDA' kA prAcIna nAma bhI vIrakheDa' yA 'vIragrAma' rahA batAyA jAtA hai, vaDanagarapattana' to 'vATagrAma' se abhinna hI pratIta hotA hai, 'candrapura' yA candrapura grAma' kI koI navIna bastI pUrvokta candraprabhu-caityAlaya ke irda-girda vikasita ho gaI ho sakatI hai| yoM isa mahAn dharmakendra kI prasiddhi, saMbhavatayA una devAyatanoM Adi tathA katipaya saMsthAoM kI vidyamAna bhI, kama se kama agale sau-Der3ha sau varSa-paryanta banI rhii| san 1043 I0 (vi0saM0 1100) meM dhArAnagarI prasiddha mahArAja bhoja (1006-1050 I0) ke samaya apanA apabhraMza 'sudarzanacarita' pUrNa karanevAle AcArya naMdi ne apane 'sakala vidhi-vidhAna kAvya' meM eka sthAna para likhA hai ki "uttama evaM prasiddha varADa deza ke antargata kIrti lakSmI sarasvatI (ke saMyoga) se manohara vATagrAma ke mahAn mahala zikhara (uttuMga bhavana) meM AThaveM jinendra candraprabhu virAjate the, vIrasena-jinasena deva 'dhavala, jayadhavala aura mahAbandha' nAma ke tIna ziva (mokSamArgI) siddhAnta-granthoM kI racanA bhavyajanoM ke lie sukhadAyI kI thii| vahIM siddhiramaNI ke hAra puMDarIka kavi dhanaMjaya huye the aura svayaMbhu (kavi) ne bhuvana ko raMjAyamAna kiyA thaa|" isa ullekha se pratIta hotA hai ki nayanaMdi ne svayaM isa sAhityikatIrtha kI yAtrA kI thI aura usakI stuti meM uparokta-vAkya likhe the| hamArI isa dhAraNA kI puSTi bhI isa kathana se ho jAtI hai ki mahAkavi svayaMbhu, jo vIrasena ke samakAlIna to the hI aura unhIM kI bhA~ti rASTrakUTa samrAT dhruva dhArAvarSa se sammAna prApta the, svayaM vIrasena ke gRhastha-ziSya evaM sAhityika-kArya ke sahayoga rahe the| yaha dhanaJjaya bhI, saMbhava hai jinakA aparanAma puMDarIka ho, bhojakAlIna dhanaJjaya (zrutakIrti) ke pUrvavartI haiM aura vIrasena ke jyeSTha samakAlIna rahe ho sakate haiM, kyoMki unakI 'nAmamAlA' ke uddharaNa vIrasena ne diye haiN| anya bhI aneka na jAne kitane vidvAnoM kA, jinakA nAma Upara liyA jA cukA hai athavA nahIM bhI liyA gayA, vATanagara' ke isa saMsthAna se pratyakSa yA parokSa saMbaMdha rahA, kahA nahIM jA sktaa| vaha apanI upalabdhiyoM evaM sakSamatAoM ke kAraNa vidvAnoM kA AkarSaNa-kendra bhI rahA hogA aura preraNA srota bhii| rASTrakUTa-yuga ke isa sarvamahAn jJAnakendra evaM vidyApITha kI smRti bhI Aja lupta ho gaI hai, kintu isameM sandeha nahIM hai ki apane samaya meM yaha apane samakAlIna nAlandA aura vikramazilA ke suprasiddha bauddha-vidyApIThoM ko samartha cunautI detA hogaa| bhArata ke prAcIna vizvavidyAlayoM meM takSazilA, vikramazIla aura nAlandA kI hI bhA~ti yaha 'vATagrAmavizvavidyAlaya' bhI parigaNanIya hai| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, anekAnta' sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina smRti-aMka) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 40 29

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bhagavAn mahAvIra . -(sva0) paM0 balabhadra jaina mahAvIra kI janma nagarI vaizAlI vaizAlI gaNarAjya thA, ise vajjisaMgha' athavA 'licchavI gaNasaMgha' kahA jAtA thaa| isa saMgha meM videha kA vajjisaMgha aura vaizAlI kA licchavIsaMgha sammilita thaa| donoM kI pArasparika sandhi ke kAraNa videha ke gaNapramukha ceTaka ko isa saMgha kA gaNapramukha cunA gayA aura isa saMgha kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI' bnii| isa saMgha meM ATha kuloM ke nau gaNa bhAgIdAra the| ye sabhI licchavI the aura inameM jJAtRvaMzI pramukha the| ina ATha kuloM ke nAma ye the-- bhogavaMzI, ikSvAkuvaMzI, jJAtRvaMzI, kauravavaMzI, licchavIvaMzI, ugravaMzI, videhakula aura vajjikula (vRja kul)| licchavI hone ke kAraNa hI ye aSTakula paraspara saMgaThita rhe| isa saMgha meM zAsana kA adhikAra ina aSTakuloM ko prApta thaa| zeSa nAgarikoM ko zAsana meM bhAga lene kA adhikAra nahIM thaa| licchavIgaNa hI apane sadasyoM ko cunatA thaa| cune hue pratyeka sadasya ko rAjA kahA jAtA thaa| aise rAjAoM kI kula saMkhyA 7707 thii| jaba navIna rAjA kA cunAva hotA thA, usa samaya usa rAjA kA abhiSeka eka puSkariNI meM samArohapUrvaka kiyA jAtA thA, jise 'abhiSeka' yA maMgala puSkariNI' kahate the| isameM licchaviyoM ke atirikta anya kisI ko snAna majjana karane kA adhikAra nahIM thaa| isake Upara lohe kI jAlI rahatI thI aura sazastra praharI paharA dete the| vaizAlI ke tIna bhAga the-- vaizAlI, kuNDagrAma aura vaannijygraam| ye kramaza: dakSiNapUrva, uttarapUrva yA pazcima meM sthita the| kuNDagrAma yA kuNDapura ke do bhAga the- kSatriya-kuNDapurasanniveza, braahmnn-kunnddpur-snnivesh| pahale meM prAya: jJAtavaMzI kSatriya aura dUsare meM brAhmaNa rahate the| vANijya-grAma meM prAya: baniye rahate the| licchavI-saMgha meM sabhI nirNaya sarvasammata hote the| yadi kabhI matabheda hotA thA, to usakA nirNaya chanda (voTa) dvArA hotA thaa| vajji-saMgha ke nikaTa hI malla-gaNasaMgha aura kAzI-kolagaNasaMgha the| vajjisaMgha ke sAtha ina donoM gaNasaMghoM kI saMdhi thii| kisI saMgha para AkramaNa hone para tInoM saMghoM kI sannipAta-bherI kI sammilita baiThaka hotI thii| usameM mahAsenApati kA 0030 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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nirvAcana hotA thA, jo apanI yuddha - udvAhikA cunatA thA / vaizAlI kA vaibhava apAra thaa| usameM 7777 prAsAda, 7777 kUTAgAra, 7777 ArAma aura 7777 puSkariNiyA~ thiiN| usameM 7000 sone ke kalazavAle, 14000 cA~dI ke kalazavAle aura 21000 tA~be ke kalazavAle mahala the| vaizAlI ke licchavI svAtantryapriya aura maujI svabhAva ke the / unameM paraspara meM bar3A prema thA / yadi koI licchavI bImAra par3a jAtA thA, to anya sabhI licchavI use dekhane Ate the / utsava aura raMgIna vastra pahanane kA unheM bar3A zauka thaa| eka bAra bhagavAn buddha ne Ananda se kahA thA- " -" AnaMda ! jinhoMne trAyastri~za svarga ke deva nahIM dekhe haiM, ve vaizAlI ke ina licchiviyoM ko dekha leM / " / bhagavAn kA nAmakaraNa jaba bhagavAn kA janma huA, tabase mAtA-pitA ke zrI, vibhUti, prabhAva, dhana-dhAnya aura samRddhi Adi sabhI meM vRddhi hone lagI thii| isIlie unhoMne bAlaka kA nAma 'vardhamAna' rkhaa| eka dina bAla bhagavAn ratnajar3ita pAlane meM jhUla rahe the, tabhI vahA~ 'saMjaya' aura 'vijaya' nAmaka do cAraNa-RddhidhArI muni pdhaare| unheM siddhAnta - sambandhI kucha zaMkA thI / bAla bhagavAn ko dekhate hI unakA sandeha dUra ho gayA / taba unhoMne bhaktivaza bAlaka kA nAma 'sanmati' rkhaa| eka dina bAla- bhagavAn apane bAla sakhAoM ke sAtha pramAda-vana meM AmalI - krIr3A kA khela, khela rahe the| yaha khela dehAtoM meM aba bhI khelA jAtA hai| inameM eka vRkSa ko kendra banAkara eka nizcita-sthAna se saba bAlaka vRkSa kI ora daur3ate haiN| jo bAlaka sabase pahale vRkSa para car3hakara nIce utara AtA hai, vaha zeSa bAlakoM ke kandhe para krama se car3hakara maidAna kA cakkara lagAtA hai| 'saMgama' nAmaka eka deva bhayAnaka nAga kA rUpa dhAraNa karake vardhamAna kumAra ke bala-vikrama kI parIkSA lene vahA~ A phuNcaa| usa nAga ne vRkSa ke mUla se skandha taka sAre bhAga ko lipaTa kara apane ghere meM le liyA aura phaNa phailAkara phuMkAra mArane lgaa| sAre bAlaka bhayabhIta hokara bhAga gaye, kintu vardhamAna ke mana meM AtaMka yA bhaya nAmamAtra ko bhI nahIM thA / ve nirbhaya hokara sarpa - phana para khar3e hokara krIr3A karane lge| deva ne apanI parAjaya svIkAra lii| parAjita hokara deva ne ajamukha - mAnava kA rUpa dhAraNa karake eka kandhe para vardhamAna kumAra ko aura dUsare kandhe para unake eka sakhA pakSadhara ko baiThA liyA tathA dUsare bAlasakhA kI a~gulI pakar3akara unheM ghara taka pahu~cA diyaa| usane bhaktipUrvaka vardhamAna kumAra kI stuti karate hue kahA- " - "bhagavAn ! ApakA bala-vikrama atulanIya hai| Apa saMsAra meM ajeya haiN| vAstava meM Apa mahAvIra haiN|" taba se bhagavAn kA mahAvIra nAma saMsAra meM prasiddha ho gayA / 1 ajamukha deva kA nAma purAtattvavettA harinaigameza batAte haiM / harinaigameza dvArA vardhamAna kumAra aura unake eka sakhA pakSadhara ko kandhe para baiThAne aura dUsare sakhA kAkadhara kI uMgalI prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 00 31

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pakar3ane kA dRzya kuSANakAlIna eka zilA-phalaka para aMkita hai, jo mathurA-mjUjiyama meM surakSita hai| ___ isIprakAra kI ghaTanAoM ke kAraNa unheM loga 'vIra' aura 'ativIra' ke nAma se pukArane lge| isaprakAra saMsAra meM unake pA~ca nAma pracalita ho gye| saMsAra se vairAgya aura dIkSA ___ yoM hI unakA zaizava bItA aura yauvana AyA / yauvana AyA, kintu yauvana kI raMgIniyA~ nahIM AIM, yauvana kI mAdakatA nahIM aaii| ve rAjaputra the| rAjasI vaibhava aura gaNataMtra kI sattA unakI pratIkSA meM khar3e-khar3e kumhalA rahI thii| unake sAre karma niSkAma the| ve cintanazIla anAsakta yogI the| tIrthakara saMsAra ke jIvoM ko kalyANa kI zikSA dene ke lie hI utpanna hote haiN| ve 'jagadguru' kahalAte haiN| unheM koI akSarajJAna de sake, aisA koI guru nahIM hotaa| sArA saMsAra aura usakA svabhAva hI unakI pustaka hotA hai| usa para hI ve nirantara gahana cintana karate haiM aura usakA sAratattva nikAlakara amRtatva kI ora bar3hate rahate haiN| jaba unakA Atma-cintana apane aMtima-bindu (Climax) para pahuMcA, to unhoMne saMsAra se virakta hokara dIkSA lene kA nirNaya kara liyaa| ve kisI aMdherI rAta meM kisI se kahe sune binA cupacApa jaMgala kI ora nahIM cala diye, balki unhoMne apane mAtA-pitA aura parijanoM ko apane nirNaya kI sUcanA dI, unase anumati lI aura parijanoM ke sAtha 'jJAtRkhaNDa vana' meM jAkara, jo kSatriyakuNDapura ke pUrvottara-bhAga meM jJAtavaMzI-kSatriyoM kA udyAna thA, nagna digambara-mudrA dhAraNa karake anya tIrthaMkaroM ke samAna pravrajyA le lI aura AtmadhyAna meM avasthita ho gye| mahAvIra kI sAdhanA ve kabhI indriyoM ke nirdeza para nahIM cale, mana kI vAsanA ke vaza meM kabhI nahIM ho paaye| indriyoM aura mana kA unhoMne kaThoratA se niyamana kiyaa| eka bAra to ve anArya logoM ke lAr3ha deza meM jA phuNce| anAryoM ne unake sAtha bar3A abhadra vyavahAra kiyaa| tapasyA se dIpta unake baliSTha aura sundara zarIra para mugdha hokara aneka lalanAyeM unase kAma-yAcanA karatI, apanI praNaya-nivedana krtiiN| kaI loga unaheM patthara mArate aura kaI arghya lekara unakI pUjA karate, kintu ve donoM ke prati samadRSTi the| unheM na rAga thA, na dveSa / ujjayinI meM unake Upara zmazAna meM sthANu' nAmaka 'rudra' ne ghora upasarga kiyA, kiMtu ve avicala bane rhe| __ve bAraha varSa taka nitAnta mauna rahe, kintu unake isa mauna meM hI satya kA bhaNDAra bharA par3A thA, usase hI loka mAnava meM vyApta asatya ke prati Agraha aura avivekapUrNa mUr3hatA ke prati vyAmoha dUra hone lagA thaa| unake AkrozahIna-mauna aura kSamAzIla-vRtti kA janasAdhAraNa para gaharA-prabhAva par3A thaa| 0032 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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candanabAlA kA uddhAra usa kAla meM bhArata meM dAsa-prathA kA pracalana thaa| idhara-udhara se apahRta sundara-striyA~ caurAhoM para khar3I karake becI jAtI thiiN| sudUra yavana-dezoM meM sundarI yavaniyA~ potoM meM bharakara 'bharukaccha' bandaragAha para lAI jAtI aura yahA~ se ve zrAvastI, kauzAmbI, vatsa, avantikA Adi ke bAjAroM meM beca dI jaatii| isIprakAra dAsoM kA kraya-vikraya hotA thaa| rAjA aura sampanna parivAra inheM kharIda lete| striyA~ vAsanApUrti kA sAdhana banatIM, unase aura dAsoM se pazuoM ke samAna vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thaa| yajJoM meM ye dAsa-dAsiyA~ RSiyoM ko bheMTasvarUpa dI jAtI thiiN| vaizAlI ke mahArAja ceTaka kI sabase choTI putrI candanabAlA eka dina apane udyAna meM sakhiyoM ke sAtha jhUla rahI thii| eka vidyAdhara kI usa para dRSTi par3I aura vaha balapUrvaka use apane vimAna meM le udd'aa| isake bAda vaha kaI hAthoM meM bikI, kintu usakA zIla akSuNNa rhaa| kisI ko use dharmacyuta karane kA sAhasa nahIM huaa| anta meM vaha kauzAmbI ke bAjAra meM bikane ke lie lAI gii| tabhI dharmaparAyaNa seTha vRSabhadatta jinAlaya se darzana-pUjana karake nikle| unakI dRSTi candanA para pdd'ii| dekhate hI ve samajha gaye ki yaha kanyA kisI ucca aura sambhrAnta-parivAra kI hai| durdaiva se yaha ina nara-pizAcoM ke hAthoM meM par3a gaI haiN| yaha socakara karuNAvaza unhoMne vyApArI se use kharIda liyA aura apane ghara le aaye| ghara Akara unhoMne apanI patnI subhadrA se kahA durbhAgyavaza hamAre koI saMtAna nahIM thI, kiMtu bhAgya ne hameM yaha sulakSaNA-kanyA de dI hai| hama ise beTI mAnakara rkheNge| tuma isakA pUrA dhyAna rkhnaa| zreSThI candanA se putrIvat vyavahAra karate aura usakI sukha-suvidhA kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate, kintu saMdehazIla seThAnI ko zreSThI kA yaha vyavahAra kapaTa-vyavahAra lgtaa| use lagatA ki zreSThI ne eka sa~polI mere sira para lAkara baiThA dI hai, ata: vaha candanA se mana hI mana kur3hatI rahatI thii| tabhI vyApArika-kAryavaza zreSThI ko paradeza jAnA par3A, kiMtu ve calate-calate bhI seThAnI se apanI dharmaputrI kA dhyAna rakhane ko kaha gye| zreSThI ke jAte hI seThAnI ne apanI sautiyA-DAha nikAlanA cAlU kara diyaa| usane kaiMcI se candanA ke keza kATa diye, jisase vaha virUpa ho jAye, lohe kI sAMkala se usake hAtha-paira bA~dha die, nIce ke aMdhere-prakoSTha meM use DalavA diyaa| khAne ke lie miTTI ke sakore meM kA~jI-mizrita kodoM kA bhAta de diyaa| tabhI bhagavAn mahAvIra vatsa deza' kI rAjadhAnI kauzAmbI' meM AhAra ke nimitta pdhaare| ve zreSThI ke dvAra ke sAmane se nikle| bhagavAn ko caryA ke nimitta Ate dekhakara candanA kA roma-roma harSa aura bhakti se khila utthaa| vaha bhUla gaI apanI durdazA, vaha bhUla gaI ki vaha trilokavandya bhagavAn ke upayukta-AhAra nahIM de skegii| vahato apane sAttvika hRdaya kI bhakti kA arghya bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM car3hAne ko Atura ho utthii| harSa ke azru usake netroM se pravAhita hone lge| vaha bhagavAn kA pratigraha karane ke lie abhI mile hue miTTI prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2001 40 33

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ke sakore meM kodoM kA bhAta lie Age bddh'ii| bhagavAn ke prabhAva se usake baMdhana TUTa gaye, sira para rezamI bAla A gaye, miTTI kA sakorA svarNa pAtra aura kodoM kA bhAta amRtabhojana ho gyaa| bhagavAn ne apane pANipAtra meM niSkAma-bhAva se khar3e-khar3e usake hAtha se alpaAhAra liyA aura vana kI ora cale gye| devoM ne AkAza meM aura manuSyoM ne nagara meM candanA ke bhAgya kI sarAhanA kii| tabhI zreSThI pravAsa se vApisa lauTe / ve apanI putrI ke saubhAgya para bar3e harSita hue aura apanI strI dvArA kiye gaye durvyavahAra para bahuta kSubdha hue| candanA dvArA bhagavAn ko diye gaye isa AhAra kI carcA sampUrNa kauzAmbI meM hone lgii| isakI gUMja rAjamahaloM meM bhI jA phuNcii| yaha samAcAra sunakara vatsa deza' kI paTTamahiSI mRgAvatI' usa mahAbhAga ramaNIratna se milane ko utsuka ho uThI, jise bhagavAn ko AhAra dene kA puNyayoga milaa| svayaM zreSThI RSabhadatta ke bhavana meM milane AI aura candanA se milii| vaha yaha dekhakara avAk raha gaI ki ramaNIratna aura koI nahIM, usakI sagI bahana hai| usane candanA se sArA vRttAnta sunA aura use apane mahaloM meM le gii| vahA~ se usakA bhAI siMhabhadra vaizAlI' le gayA, kintu candanA ko isa alpavaya meM hI saMsAra kA kaTu anubhava huA thA, usake kAraNa use saMsAra se nirveda ho gyaa| jaba bhagavAn ko kevalajJAna ho gayA, taba candanA ne bhagavAn ke nikaTa AryikA dIkSA le lI aura apanI yogyatA evaM sAdhanA ke bala para 36000 AryikAoM ke saMgha kI gaNinI ke pada para pratiSThita huii| . bhagavAn ne rAjamahaloM ke susvAdu vyaMjana ThukarAkara eka dAsI ke nIrasa kodoM kA AhAra liyA, isase janasAdhAraNa kI nigAha dAsa-prathA kI bhayaMkaratA kI ora gii| pariNAma yaha huA ki dAsa-prathA bhArata se uTha gii| bhagavAn ko kevalajJAna ___ bAraha varSa taka mauna rahakara kaThora-sAdhanA aura tapa karate hue bhagavAn 'jRmbhika grAma' ke nikaTa RjukUlA nadI' ke taTa para jAkara dhyAnAvasthita ho gye| unhoMne AtmA ke sampUrNa vikAroM aura ghAtiyA-karmoM kA nAza karake vaizAkha zukla dazamI ke aparAhna-kAla meM kevalajJAna Adi ananta-catuSTaya prakaTa kara liye| ve sazarIrI-paramAtmA bana gye| dharmacakra pravartana samavasaraNa ke madhya meM gandhakuTI meM siMhAsana para bhagavAn virAjamAna the| samavasaraNa meM deva, manuSya, tiryaJca Adi asaMkhya zrotA vidyamAna the| ve bhagavAn kI divyadhvani sunane ke lie utsuka the, kintu bhagavAn mauna the| mauna kI avadhi lambI hotI jA rahI thii| 66 dina taka, kevalajJAna hone para tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani pragaTa na ho, yaha abhUtapUrva ghaTanA thii| saudharmendra ne vicAra kiyA - "kyA kAraNa hai, jo bhagavAn kI divyadhvani pragaTa nahIM ho rahI?' indra ko samajhane meM dera na lagI ki gaNadhara ke binA tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani nahIM 00 34 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2001

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khiratI aura bhagavAna kA gaNadhara banane kI pAtratA kevala indrabhati gautama meM hai| yaha vicAra karake indra vRddha brAhmaNa kA rUpa dhAraNa karake brAhmaNa-samAja ke zIrSastha vidvAn indrabhUti gautama ke AvAsIya gurukula meM jA phuNcaa| vahA~ pA~ca sau ziSya adhyayanarata the| indra ne gautama ko namaskAra kiyA aura bolA-"pUjyavara ! mere gurudeva ne mujhe eka gAthA batAI thii| vaha merI samajha meM nahIM AI hai| ApakI kIrti sunakara maiM Apake pAsa AyA huuN| kRpAkara Apa usakA artha batA diijiye|" indra ne jo gAthA batAI, gautama use dekhakara asamaMjasa meM par3a gaye aura bole-"mujhe apane guru ke pAsa le clo| maiM unhIM ke sAmane tumheM artha smjhaauuNgaa|" ___indrabhUmi gautama apane pA~ca sau ziSyoM ke sAtha indra ke sAtha cala die aura rAjagRha' ke bAhara 'vipulAcala' para phuNce| vahA~ indrabhUti ne samavasaraNa ke pravezadvAra se jaise hI praveza kiyA, unakI dRSTi sAmane khar3e mAnastaMbha ke Upara pdd'ii| isa mAtastaMbha meM mAnagarvita janoM ke mAna ko galita karane kI adbhuta kSamatA thii| unhoMne dekhA, to dekhate hI raha gye| unake bhAvoM meM pratikSaNa parivartana ho rahe the| unakA jJAnamada vigalita ho rahA thaa| ve Age bar3he aura jaba unheM gandhakuTI meM virAjamAna bhagavAn ke darzana hue, ve vinaya aura bhakti kI sAkAra mUrti bane hue bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM praNipAta karake bole "bhagavan ! maiM jJAna ke * ahaMkAra meM sajjJAna ko bhUla gayA thaa| aba mujhe apane caraNoM meM zaraNa diijie|" yoM kahakara unhoMne muni-dIkSA le lii| usa samaya unake bhAva itane nirmala the ki unheM tatkAla avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna prApta ho gyaa| ve bhagavAn ke munisaMgha ke mukhya-gaNadhara bne| ___ indrabhUti dvArA muni-dIkSA lete hI 66 dina rukI huI bhagavAn kI divyadhvani pragaTa haI-- "gautama ! tere mana meM saMdeha hai ki jIva hai yA nahIM?" isa viSaya ko lekara bhagavAn kI divyadhvani meM jIvatatva kA vistRta-vivecana huaa| bhagavAn kA prathama-upadeza zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ke prAta:kAla huA thaa| ata: yaha divasa 'vIrazAsana jayantI' ke rUpa meM manAyA gyaa| ___ indrabhUti ke pA~ca sau ziSyoM ne bhI muni-dIkSA le lii| isake bAda brAhmaNa-samAja ke mUrdhanya vidvAn agnibhUti, vAyubhUti, vyakta, sudharma, maNDika putra, maurya putra, akampita, acala bhrAtA, metArya aura prabhAsa apane ziSya-parikara ke sAtha bhagavAn ko parAjita karane Aye aura bhagavAn kA ziSyatva svIkAra karake muni bana gye| ye sabhI bhagavAn ke gaNadhara bana gye| inake ziSya bhI bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM muni bana gaye, jinakI kula saMkhyA 4600 thii| unakA yaha dharmacakra pravartana hI tIrthapravartana thA, jisake kAraNa ve 'tIrthakara' khlaaye| isake bAda unhoMne sampUrNa deza meM vihAra karake apane upadezoM dvArA dharma-jAgRti kii| unhoMne kAzI, kozala, kusaMdhya, azvaSTa, sAlva, trigarta, pAMcAla, bhadrakAra, pATaccara, bhauma, matsya, zUrasena, kaliMga, kurujAMgala, kaikeya, Ajeya, kAMboja, vAlhika, yavanazruti, sindhu, prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 35

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gAndhAra, sUrabhIrU, dazeruka, vADvAna, bhArajadvAja, kAyatoya, tArNa, kArNa, pracchAla Adi pradezoM meM vihAra karake loka meM vyApta ajJAna-aMdhakAra ko dUra kiyaa| bhagavAna ke upadeza aura unakA dUragAmI prabhAva bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza vastuta: navIna the| ve pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroM ke upadezoM ke navIna saMskaraNa the| ve upadezamAtra hI nahIM the, yaha eka mahAna krAnti thI, jisane lokamAnasa meM vyApta sAre mUlyoM meM mahAn-parivartana lA diyaa| unhoMne tatkAlIna mAnyatAoM ke viruddha navIna-mUlyoM kI sthApanA kii| unake upadeza prANImAtra ke kalyANa ke lie the| sabhI ko unake dharma kA pAlana kA adhikAra thA, sabhI ko unakI upadeza-sabhA (samavasaraNa) meM jAne kA adhikAra thaa| dhArmika ekAdhikAra ke viruddha yaha AdhyAtmika-janatantra thA, jisameM U~ca-nIca kI kalpanA aura varga bheda kI kisI mAnyatA ko koI sthAna na thaa| sabako vikAsa kA samAna avasara aura adhikAra hai, yaha jIva-sAmya kA bAhya pahalU thaa| saba meM jIne.kI samAna icchA hai, sabako prANa samAna-priya haiM, isalie kisI ko satAne aura mArane kA bhI hameM adhikAra nahIM hai| yaha usa jIva-sAmya kA AMtarika pahala thA aura jise samajhAnA hI usa krAMti kA ekamAtra uddezya thaa| _ bhASA ke saMbaMdha meM loka meM eka vizeSa mAnyatA baddhamUla ho rahI thii| saMskRta-bhASA dhArmikavAGmaya aura AbhijAtya-varga ke lie anivArya mAnI jAtI thii| bhASA ke isa vyAmoha ne striyoM aura zUdroM ke viruddha ghRNA kA vAtAvaraNa banA diyA thaa| isa vyAmoha ne anya bhASAoM kA vikAsa avaruddha kara diyA thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne lokabhASA 'prAkRta' meM upadeza dekara bhASAvizeSa ke prati vyAmoha ko bhaMga kara diyA aura yaha samajhA diyA ki bhASA kA mahattva bhAvoM ko abhivyakta karane taka hai, adhika kucha nhiiN| isIprakAra satya ke saMbaMdha meM bhI eka jar3atA vyApta thii| eka varga kI mAnyatA thI ki jo unakA hai, vahI satya hai aura saba mithyA hai|' isataraha satya ko apanI mAnyatAoM se jakar3akara paMgu banA diyA thaa| satya nizcita-graMthoM meM hI upalabdha hai, isa mAnyatA se satya ke anveSaNa aura zodha ko koI avakAza hI nahIM raha gayA thaa| mahAvIra ne kahA "satya vyApaka hai, sApekSa hai aura unakI mAnyatAoM ke bAhara bhI vaha mila sakatA hai|" yaha dRSTi thI satya zodha kI, anekAnta aura syAdvAda kii| IzvaravAda kI mAnyatA ne logoM ko bhAgyavAdI aura manovaijJAnika rUpa se parAdhIna-manovRtti vAlA banA diyA thaa| mahAvIra ne kahA--"sAre prANiyoM meM ananta zakti nihita hai| usakA udghATana karanA prANI ke apane puruSArtha para nirbhara hai| yadi use apanI zakti kA bhAna ho jAe aura apane carama-vikAsa kA saMkalpa dRr3ha ho jAe, to vaha karmoM ke phala ko badala sakatA hai, aura karmoM kA nAza bhI kara sakatA hai|" bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ko nirvANa hue abhI kevala DhAI sau varSa hI vyatIta hue the, kintu isa kAla meM vaidika-RSiyoM ne pUrI zakti se hiMsAmUlaka-yajJoM aura kriyAkANDoM kA pracAra kiyaa| phalata: sthAna-sthAna para yajJa hone lage aura unameM asaMkhya-pazuoM kA homa kiyA 40 36 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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jAne lgaa| devatAoM ke nAma para bali dI jAne lagI, pitaroM aura atithiyoM ke lie pazu kATe jAne lge| yajJoM ke havana-kuNDa aura devatAoM kI vediyA~ pazuoM kI karuNa-cItkAroM aura rakta se sana gye| yajJoM ke viSAkta-dhuyeM se manuSyoM ke kaNTha ruddha hone lge| yajJoM meM aura devatAoM ke Age nara-bali taka dI jAne lgii| isa kAla meM mahAvIra kA udaya huaa| unhoMne ghoSaNA kI 'dharma ahiMsA hai, hiMsA dharma nahIM hai| yadi hiMsA dharma ho to phira pApa kyA hai?' bhagavAna mahAvIra kA hI yaha lokottaraprabhAva thA ki unake upadezoM ne lokamAnasa meM jabardasta parispanda paidA kiyaa| loga dharma ke nAma para honevAlI hiMsA se ghRNA karane lage, yajJoM meM baliprathA samApta ho gii| purAnI mAnyatAyeM TUTa-TUTa kara girane lagIM, naye mUlya ubharane lage aura taba loga ahiMsA kI bhASA meM socane lage aura bolane lge| mahAvIra kI ahiMsA kA dUragAmI prabhAva yaha par3A ki bhArata meM bAda meM sAre dharmoM kA vikAsa ahiMsA ke AdhAra para hI huaa| yahA~ usa samaya ahiMsA kI jo pratiSThA huI, usI ke saMskAra bhAratIyoM meM aba taka bhI vidyamAna haiN| kisI yuga meM kisI eka vyakti ne sArI loka-mAnyatAoM ko badala diyA ho, itihAsa meM mahAvIra ke atirikta aisA anya-udAharaNa nahIM miltaa| rAjanya varga para mahAvIra kA prabhAva ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra lokottara-mahApuruSa the| unake vyaktitva aura dezanA kA prabhAva nirdhana se lekara rAjAoM taka samAnarUpa se par3A thA aura ve saparivAra unake dharma meM dIkSita ho gaye the| unake dharma meM dIkSita honevAle rAjAoM meM vaizAlI ke gaNapramukha ceTaka, kuNDagrAma ke gaNapramukha siddhArtha, rAjagRha-nareza zreNika bimbasAra, siMdhu-sauvIra-nareza udAyana, vatsa nareza zatAnIka, dazArNa nareza dazaratha, hemAMgada (vartamAna karnATaka) ke nareza jIvandhara kumAra, polAzapura-nareza vijayasena, campAnareza kuNika ajAtazatru, kAzInareza jitazatru, kaliMga nareza jitazatru, zUrasena-nareza uMditodaya, kAmpilya-nareza jaya, pArasya-deza (IrAna) kA rAjakumAra Ardraka Adi bhagavAn ke anuyAyI bhakta the| isase bhagavAn ke vyApaka prabhAva kA patA calatA hai| mahAvIra kA parinirvANa ... bhagavAn mahAvIra 72 varSa kI Ayu meM kArtika kRSNa caturdazI ke prAta:kAla majjhimA pAvA' meM (vartamAna pAvApurI meM) karmoM kA nAza karake mukta ho gye| devoM aura manuSyoM ne taba dIpa prajvalita kiye| usI amAvasyA kI saMdhyA ko unake mukhya-gaNadhara indrabhUmi gautama ko kevalajJAna kI prApti ho gii| rAtri meM devoM ne ratna-dIpaka saMjoye, manuSyoM ne kahA"bhAva-prakAza calA gyaa| aba hama unakI smRti meM dravya-prakAza kreNge|" taba unhoMne dIpakoM se dIpamAlikA sjaaii| kRtajJa-janatA bhagavAn ke nirvANa kI smRti surakSita rakhane ke lie prativarSa isa dina 'dIpAvalI' manAne lgii| isaprakAra 'dIpAvalI parva' kA pracalana huaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 1037

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kevalajJAna-prApti ke pazcAt tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra bhagavAn kA maMgala-vihAra evaM unake samavazaraNa kA zubha-Agamana 1. IsApUrva 557 rAjagRha (vipulAcala parvata) IsApUrva 556 vaizAlI IsApUrva 555 vANijyagrAma IsApUrva 554 rAjagRha IsApUrva 553 vANijyagrAma IsApUrva 552 rAjagRha IsApUrva 551. rAjagRha IsApUrva 550 vaizAlI IsApUrva 549 vaizAlI IsApUrva 548 rAjagRha IsApUrva 547 vANijyagrAma IsApUrva 546 rAjagRha IsApUrva 545 rAjagRha IsApUrva 544 mithilA IsApUrva 543 zrAvastI IsApUrva 542 vANijyagrAma IsApUrva 541 rAjagRha IsApUrva 540 vANijyagrAma IsApUrva 539 vaizAlI IsApUrva 538 vaizAlI IsApUrva 537 rAjagRha IsApUrva 536 nAlandA IsApUrva 535 vaizAlI IsApUrva 534 vaizAlI IsApUrva 533 rAjagRha IsApUrva 532 nAlandA IsApUrva 531 mithilA IsApUrva 530 mithilA IsApUrva 529 rAjagRha IsApUrva 528 pAvApurI ("pAvAyAM madhyamAyAM hastivAlikAmaNDape namasyAmIti") 1. inake atirikta ujjayinI, bhikAgAMva (bihAra), kaliMga tathA bhArata ke pratyeka prAMtoM meM dharma-dezanA dete huye maMgala-vihAra karate rahe haiN| 00 38 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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manISIpravara ToDaramala : pramukha zaurasenI jainAgamoM ke prathama hindI TIkAkAra - pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina vigata tIna zatAbdiyoM me jaina - paramparA meM jitane bhI manISI - sAdhaka huye haiM, unake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA sUkSma avalokana kiyA jAye, to paMDita ToDaramala jI kA sthAna sarvopari siddha hogaa| yadyapi isa jvalaMta satya ko katipaya pUrvAgrahI vyaktitva aMdara se svIkArate hue bhI vAcika svIkRti dene meM kRpaNatA karane lagate haiN| jo paM0 jI ke prazaMsaka haiM, ve bhI zAyada itanI gaharAI evaM vyApaka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke sAtha unase paricita nahIM haiN| eka sArasvata sAdhaka kI zodhapUrNa lekhanI se prasUta yaha Alekha pratyeka jijJAsu ko avazya paThanIya evaM mananIya hai / -sampAdaka paNDitapravara ToDaramala jI 18- 19vIM sadI kI mahAn vibhUti evaM pramukha zaurasenIjainAgamoM ke sarvaprathama hindI - TIkAkAra the / unhoMne jaina - siddhAntoM evaM jainadarzana ke durUha - rahasyoM kA janabhASA meM udghATana kara jinavANI kI mahatI sevAyeM kI haiN| zaurasenIjainAgamoM meM sUtrazailI meM varNita karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga evaM caraNAnuyoga ke viSaya atyanta jaTila evaM nIrasa samajhe jAte haiM, ataH samaya-samaya para inake Upara prAkRta- saMskRta TIkAyeM bhI likhI jAtI rahI haiN| ve tatkAlIna dRSTikoNa se bhale hI subodha rahI hoM, kintu paravartI kAloM meM bhASAparivartana ke anivArya niyamoM ke kAraNa punaH durbodha siddha hone lagIM / isakAraNa AgamoM kA adhyayana evaM svAdhyAya sImita hone lagA / paNDita ToDaramalajI prathama vidvAn the, jinhoMne yuga kI AvazyakatA ko samajhA aura apane sabhI prakAra ke aihika sukhabhogoM ko jinavANI-mAtA kI puNyavedI para samarpita kara ukta Agama evaM kucha pramukha anuvarti-AgamagranthoM ko loka - pracalita bhASA meM prastuta kiyA aura isaprakAra svAdhyAya kI paramparA ko lupta hone se bacA liyaa| janabhASA ke ananya-sevaka evaM hindI - gadya ke prathama nirmAtA ToDaramalajI parama niSThAvAn, sAttvika caritra, nirabhimAnI, lokottara - pratibhA ke dhanI evaM manasvI vyakti the| unakI jihvA para sarasvatI kA sAkSAt nivAsa thA / rASTrabhASA ke ve parama pujArI the| prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAyeM unake liye preraNA kI ajasra - srota thIM avazya, prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 39

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kintu yuga ke sAtha calanA ve Atma evaM parahita kI dRSTi se zreyaskara samajhate the| ata: janabhASA ko ve kabhI na bhUle / prAcIna jJAna-vijJAna kI paramparA ko unhoMne natamastaka hokara avadhAraNa kiyA tathA janasAmAnya ko lAbhAnvita karAne hetu unhoMne janabhASA athavA dezabhASA kA sahArA liyA / yathA-... tisa kari hamAre hU kiMcit satyArtha padani kA jJAna bhayA hai| bahuri isa nikRSTa samayavirSe hama sArikhe maMdabuddhIniteM bhI hInabuddhi ke dhanI ghane jana avalokie haiN| tinakauM tini padani kA artha jJAna hone ke arthi dharmAnurAgI ke vazateM dezabhASAmaya grantha karane kI hamAre icchA bhaI, tAkari hama yahu grantha banAveM haiN| so isa virSe bhI arthasahita tinihIM padani kA prakAzana ho hai| itanA to vizeSa hai, jaise prAkRta, saMskRtazAstranivi prAkRta-saMskRta pada likhie haiM, taisaiM ihA~ apabhraMza lie vA yathArthapanA ko lie dezabhASArUpa pada likhie haiM, parantu arthavirSe vyabhicAra kichU nAhIM hai.... / unakI TIkAoM kI bhASA aise yuga meM prArambha hotI hai, jaba prArambhika hindI-gadya kA navonmeSa ho rahA thaa| yadyapi chiTapuTa-rUpa meM ToDaramalajI se kucha hI samaya pUrva ke hindIgadya ke rUpa mila jAte haiM; kintu unase gadya hI usa samaya vicAroM ke vAhana kA mukhya-sAdhana thA, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsakAroM ne gadya kI samasta vidhAoM se yukta prAcIna se prAcIna gadya-grantha 1800 I0 ke bAda kA hI ullikhita kiyA hai| isase yaha nizcayapUrvaka mAnA jA sakatA hai ki hindI-gadya ke nirmANa evaM rUpasthirIkaraNa meM ToDaramalajI kA pramukha yogadAna rahA hai| unakI TIkAoM ke pravAhapUrNa gadyoM meM vahI manoramatA, sarasatA evaM svAbhAvikatA hai, jo parvatIya nirmala-srotoM meN| hindI-gadya ke itihAsa meM unakA sthAna nissandeha agragaNya hai| samartha vyAkhyAkAra evaM lekhaka paNDitapravara ke samaya mudraNAlayoM kA Agamana bhArata meM nahIM huA thA, usa samaya taka prAcIna ArSa-granthoM kA saMkalana, adhyayana, manana, cintana evaM lekhana sabhI sahaja-kArya na the| yAtAyAta ke sAdhana bhI vikasita na the| ina sabhI kaThinAiyoM ke bAvajUda bhI paNDitajI ne atyanta-alpAya prApta hone para bhI jo kArya kiye, unheM dekhakara Azcarya meM DUba jAnA par3atA hai| upalabdha sUcanAoM ke anusAra unhoMne nimnalikhita graMthoM ko dravyAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga evaM caraNAnuyoga ke pramukha-grantha (Key Books) mAnakara unakI hindI-TIkAyeM likhI-- gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gommaTasAra karmakANDa, labdhisAra evaM kSapaNAsAra, trilokasAra, AtmAnuzAsana, puruSArthasiddhyupAya evaM arthsNdRsstti-adhikaar| inake atirikta unakI tIna svatantra racanAyeM haiM- rahasyapUrNa ciTThI, mokSamArga-prakAzaka evaM gommttsaar-puujaa| ___ gommaTasArAdi kI TIkAoM meM unhoMne jo ghora parizrama kiyA hai, vaha to vahI samajha sakatA hai, jisane usaprakAra kA kArya kiyA ho| svatantra-grantha likhanA AsAna hai, kintu anuvAda, bhASya yA TIkAdi likhanA saMhaja nhiiN| saccA bhASya vahI hai, jisameM mUlagrantha ke 00 40 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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antaraMga-bhAva kI yathAvat surakSA banI rhe| yaha tabhI sambhava hai, jaba grantha evaM graMthakAra kI antarbhAvabhUmi kA marma bhalIbhA~ti jAna liyA jaaye| isake liye gambhIra sAdhanA, vizAla pratibhA evaM sUkSmadRSTi kI atyAvazyakatA hai| paNDitajI sAhitya-sAdhanA ke mArga ko acchI taraha samajhate the, itihAsa jAnatA hai ki kisaprakAra unhoMne jIvana-bhogoM ko tilAMjaliyA~ de dii| unakI sAhitya-lekhana kI tanmayatA isI se jAnI jA sakatI hai ki unheM bhojana meM lone-alone kA bhedabhAva na rahA thaa| ToDaramala jI ke sAdhanApUrNa jIvana ko dekhakara hameM 'bhAmatI ke lekhaka paMDita vAcaspati mizra kI puNya-smRti A jAtI hai, jinhoMne apanI sAhitya-sAdhanA ke samaya lagAtAra bAraha varSoM taka rAta-dina, jAr3A-garmI-barasAta, bhUkha-pyAsa evaM nidrA-anidrA kA bhedabhAva bhUlA diyA thaa| paNDitapravara ne bhI aisI hI kaThora-sAdhanA ke bAda gommaTasArAdi kI vizAla TIkAyeM likhI haiN| taba marmabheda karane meM bhalA ve kyoM samartha na hoM? lokottara pratibhA ke dhanI nirabhimAnI vyaktitva paNDitajI kA vidyAdhyayana DhAI varSa kI Ayu se prArambha huaa| usI samaya se apanI adbhuta pratibhA evaM smaraNazakti se unhoMne apane gurujanoM ko Azcaryacakita kara diyaa| 'jainendra mahAvyAkaraNa' kA adhyayana 10-11 varSa kI Ayu meM kara liyA aura isI samaya mulatAna kI jainasamAja ke nAma unhoMne 'rahasyapUrNa ciTThI' likhii| 14 varSa kI Ayu meM 'gommaTasAra' jaise Agama-grantha kI vacanikA likhii| Ajakala 14 varSa kI umra meM baccoM ke jJAna se tulanA kara para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki unheM kaisI divya-pratibhA prApta thii| unakA pANDitya kramaza: nikharatA gayA aura yaza bhI gagana cUmane lgaa| sonA dekhakara cAhe sunnU ho yA munna, sabhI ke mukha meM pAnI A jAtA hai, phira use rAja-sammAna bhI milane lage, taba kyA kahanA; kintu aise loga prAya: ahaMkArI bana jAte haiM aura candraloka se bAteM karate haiN| lekina eka sacce tapasvI evaM mUka-sAdhaka kI sthiti isake viparIta hotI hai| ToDaramalajI jJAna kI sArthakatA vinayaguNa, zIlarUpa, bhadra-pariNAma evaM AtmAnuzAsana se mAnate the| unhoMne apane pANDitya evaM yazovRddhi ke kAraNa kabhI bhI abhimAna nahIM kiyaa| trilokasAra' jaise karaNAnuyoga ke kaThina-graMtha kI sundara evaM subodha-TIkA likhakara bhI unhoMne apane ko mandamati hI mAnA hai| yathA--"isa zAstra kI saMskRta TIkA pUrve bhaI hai, tathApi tahAM saMskRta, gaNitAdika kA jJAna binA praveza hoi sakatA naahiiN| tAteM stoka jJAnavAloM ke triloka ke svarUpa kA jJAna hone ke arthi tisa hI arthakoM bhASAkari likhie haiM yA virSe merA kartavya itanA hI hai jo kSayopazama ke anusAri tisa zAstra kA arthakoM jAni dharmAnurAgata aurani ke jAnane ke arthi jaise koI mukhateM akSara uccAri kari dezabhASArUpa vyAkhyAna kare, taiseM maiM hastateM akSarani kI sthApanA kara likhoNgaa| bahuri chaMdani kA jor3anA navIna yukti alaMkArAdi kA prakaTa karanA ityAdi navIna-granthakArakani ke kArya haiM, tetau moteM bane hI nAMhIM / tAta grantha kA kartApanA mere hai naahiiN|" prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0041

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sAhityika maryAdAoM ke pratipAlaka sAhitya ke kSetra meM jisa naitika maryAdA evaM sAhityika ImAnadArI kI AvazyakatA hai, ve zraddhAlu mana se unake pratipAlaka the| jo viSaya unheM adhika spaSTa nahIM hotA thA, athavA jisa viSaya para ve adhika prakAza nahIM DAla pAte the; usa viSaya meM ve apanI kamajorI vyakta kara kSamAyAcanA kara lete the / unhoMne 'trilokasAra' kI bhUmikA ( pR0 3) meM likhA hai : - "isa zrImat trilokasAra nAma zAstra ke sUtra nemicandra nAmA siddhAntacakravartI kari viracita hai, tinakI saMskRta - TIkA kA anusAra lei isa bhASA - TIkA - viSai artha likhoMgA / kahIM koI artha na bhAsaigA tAkoM na likhoNgaa| kahIM samajhane ke artha badhAya kari likhoMgA / tahAM aiseM yahu TIkA banegI, tA viSai jahAM cUka jAnoM, saMvAri zuddha budhajana kariyo / chadmasta ke jJAna sAvarNa ho haiM, tAtaiM cUka bhI parai / jaise jAko thoro sUjhai ara vaha kahIM viSaya mArga-viSai skhalita hoi, tau bahuta sUjhanevAlA vAMkI hAsya na kare .... aise vicArateM isa TIkA karane viSai mere utsAha hI varte hai / " nissandeha hI mahAkavi banArasIdAsa jI, jinhoMne ki apane hindI ke sarvaprathama jIvanacarita 'ardhakathAnaka' meM apanI acchI-burI sabhI bAteM vistArapUrvaka likhakara apanI sAhityika ImAnadArI kA paricaya diyA hai aura sAhitya - jagat kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai, isIprakAra paM0 ToDaramalajI bhI usI zreNI ke pratibhA - putra haiN| isa dizA meM ve navIna pIr3hiyoM ke liye Adarza haiM / yazogAthA digdiganta meM samA gaI samAja unheM kisaprakAra apanA ziromaNi mAnatA thA tathA unakI sAdhanA evaM upadezAmRta ke pAna karane hetu lAlayita rahatA thA, isake ullekha unake samakAlIna sAdharmI bhAI rAyamallajI ne kiye haiN| unheM par3hane se tathA unakI 'rahasyapUrNa ciTThI' kI lokapriyatA se vidita hotA hai ki unake yaza kI surabhi atizIghra hI jayapura kI paridhi lAMghakara paMcanada ke aMcala meM mulatAna taka tathA vahA~ se mausamI mAnasUnoM ke sAtha pUrva, uttara evaM dakSiNa bhArata taka pahu~ca gii| vaha surabhi Aja bhI digdiganta meM vyApta hai, kintu sonagar3ha unakA kendra bana rahA hai| saurASTra ne nizcayanayavAda ke isa mahAn vaktA kI jo pratiSThA kI hai, vaha unake anurUpa hI hai| usane apane ko saubhAgya se suzobhita kiyA hai| gommaTasAra - pUjA kA rahasya 'gommaTasAra' kI pUjA paNDitajI ne jisa tanmayatA ke sAtha likhI, vaha bhI eka rahasya hai| ukta pUjA ke mAdhyama se AcAryapravara ne gautama gaNadhara evaM unakI paravartI AcArya-paramparA, samasta dvAdazAMgavANI Adi kI bhAva-vibhora hokara pUjA kI hai| jisaprakAra 'om' ke uccAraNa se paMca-parameSThI evaM sAre jJAna-vijJAna kA eka sAtha smaraNa ho jAtA hai, paNDita jI kI dRSTi meM 'gommaTasAra' ke prati bhI vahI virATa kalpanA thI / prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 0042

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gaurava-grantha 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' paNDitajI kA svatantra grantha hote hue bhI jaina - vAGmaya kA sArabhUta hai| ina sabake bAvajUda AcAra-vicAra meM vyApta zithilatA, DhoMga, pAkhaNDa Adi kI tIvra AlocanA evaM jaina siddhAntoM tathA darzana para vyartha ke lagAye gaye lAMchanoM kA samucita uttara usameM diyA gayA hai| yaha grantha likhate samaya inase prazna kiyA gayA ki pUrvAcAryoM ke bar3e-bar3e grantha upalabdha haiM hI, phira isa grantha ke likhane kI kyA AvazyakatA ? usake uttara meM paNDitajI ne kahA hai ki pUrvAcAryoM ke granthoM ko samajhane ke liye prakhara buddhi evaM bhASA, vyAkaraNa, nyAya, chanda, alaMkAra Adi kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| jo aise haiM, ve unheM par3ha sakate haiM; kintu jo alpabuddhi haiM, unakA praveza una graMthoM meM sambhava nahIM / ata: unhIM mandamati sAmAnyajanoM ke hitArtha yaha grantha likhA jA rahA hai|' 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' meM ku nau adhikAra haiM aura unake likhane ke liye unheM zvetAmbara evaM digambara jainAgama, anuAgama, vaidika, bauddhi, islAma prabhRti sampradAya ke graMthoM kA adhyayana karanA par3A thA / prApta sandarbhoM ke anusAra unakI vargIkRta sUcI nimna prakAra hai : vaidika dharma grantha 1. Rgveda 2. yajurveda 3. chAndogyopaniSad 4. muNDakopaniSad 5. kaThopaniSad 6. viSNupurANa 7. vAyupurANa 8. matsyapurANa 9. brahmapurANa 10. gaNezapurANa 11. prabhAsapurANa 12. nagarapurANa ( bhavAvatAra rahasya ) 13. kAzIkhaNDa 14. manusmRti 15. mahAbhArata 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' meM 16. hanumannATaka 17. dazAvatAra - caritra 'prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2001 prayukta sandarbha-: - grantha : (mokSamArga prakAzaka ke pR0 208 ) 208, 209 139 139 139 148, 163 148 149 163 205 206 207 206 208 210 204 206 43

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205 163,164 150,181,369 162 167 203 201 282 203 204 204 205 181 182 185 18. vyAsasUtra 19. bhAgavata 20. gItA 21. avatAravAda 22. yogazAstra 23. yogavaziSTha 24. vairAgyazataka 25. nItizataka 26. dakSiNAmUrtisahasranAma 27. vaizampAyanasahasranAma 28. mahimnastotra (durvAsAkRta) 29. rudrayAmalatantra bhAratIya darzana ke grantha 30. vedAnta 31. sAMkhyakArikA 32. nyAyadarzana 33. vaizeSika 34. mImAMsA 35. jaiminIya 36. cArvAka islAma 37. kurAnazarIpha bauddha grantha 38. abhidharmakoSa zvetAmbara jaina grantha 39. AcArAMgasUtra 40. bhagavatIsUtra 41. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 42. jIvAjIvAbhigama 43. vRhatkalpasUtra 44. upadezasiddhAnta-ratnamAlA 188 192 193 196 180 193,194 212 237 223 288 223 260,264,313,441 1044 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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45. saMghapaTTa 46. DhUMDhArI-pantha digambara jaina grantha 47. SaTprAbhRta 262,266-68 48. paMcAstikAya 326 49. pravacanasAra 33,272,344 50. rayaNasAra 277 51. dhavala 387 52. jayadhavala 387 53. paramAtmaprakAza 269 54. zrAvakAcAra (yogIndradevakRta) 350 55. gommaTasAra 319,387 56. labdhisAra 385 57. kSapaNAsAra 58. ratnakaraNDa-zrAvakAcAra 59. vRhatsvayambhU-stotra 60. jJAnArNava 61. dharmaparIkSA 399 62. sUktimuktAvalI 413 63. AtmAnuzAsana 24,81,269 64. tattvArthasUtra 310,329,338 65. samayasArakalaza 286-287 66. nATaka samayasAra 305 67. padmanandi-paMcaviMzati 295 68. puruSArthasiddhyupAya 372 69. Ayurveda ke grantha 412,413,439,443 70. pAhuDadohA 24,25 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' vastuta: amRtaghaTa hai| usakA eka-eka viSaya sarala evaM madhura hai| jisaprakAra 'rAmacaritamAnasa' meM sukhI-du:khI, garIba-dhanavAna, bhAI-bahina, pati-patnI, mAtA-pitA, zatru-mitra, riztedAra Adi sabhI prANI apanI-apanI icchita vastu prApta kara prasannatA se jhUma uThate haiM; 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' bhI sAmAnya mamakSajanoM ke liye usI aupanyAsika-zailI meM likhA gayA eka anUThA-grantha hai| ToDaramalaMjI svayaM hI grantha kI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 45

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viSaya-gambhIratA evaM lokapriyatA se paricita the, phira bhI unhoMne isakA nAma 'mokSamArga prakAza' na rakhakara 'mokSamArgaprakAzaka' rkhaa| vyAkaraNa ke "laghvarthe kaH" ke niyamAnusAra unhoMne 'prakAza' ko 'prakAzaka' kahakara yaha siddha kiyA hai, ki dvAdazAMga - vANI ke sammukha yaha racanA nagaNya hai| isa kathana se unakI nirabhimAnatA sUcita hotI hai / 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' ke AdyopAnta adhyayana karane se nimnalikhita tathya sammukha Ate haiM '-- Avazyaka sujhAva 1. mudraNAlayoM ke pracalana ke abhAva meM bhI itane hastalikhita granthoM ko upalabdha kara unakA gaharA adhyayana, manana evaM cintana karanA sAmAnya - pratibhAvAle vyakti ke liye sambhava na thaa| asAmAnya pratibhAvAle paM0 ToDaramalajI ke liye hI vaha sambhava thA jo alpaAyuSya meM bhI aisA mahAn kArya kara sake / ataH paNDitajI dvArA prayukta jainagranthoM meM jinakA prakAzana abhI taka na huA ho, unheM atyanta mahattvapUrNa racanAyeM samajhakara unakA prakAzana tatkAla honA cAhiye / 2. mokSamArga prakAzaka ke kucha uddharaNoM kA milAna Adhunika mudrita granthoM ke sAtha karane se unameM bahuta antara pratIta hotA hai / ataH mudrita evaM amudrita donoM granthoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se una granthoM ke punaH navIna prAmANika saMskaraNa taiyAra ho sakate haiM / 3. jainadharma kI prAcInatA siddha karane hetu paNDitajI ne mokSamArga prakAzaka meM vaidika evaM hindU-zAstroM se jo uddharaNa diye haiM, navIna mudrita -granthoM meM unakA abhAva athavA parivartana hai| ToDaramalajI dvArA prayukta ve sabhI grantha jayapura ke zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM avazya hoNge| hastalikhita prAcIna grantha hone ke kAraNa unakI prAmANikatA meM sandeha bhI nahIM hai| ata: unakA puna: tulanAtmaka adhyayana honA caahie| tathA prApta tathyoM kA prakAzana honA cAhiye / vicAradhArA: nizcaya evaM vyavahAra zaurasenI-jainAgamoM meM nizcayanaya evaM vyavahAranaya kI carcAyeM AtI haiN| ina viSayoM ko lekara vidvAnoM meM Ajakala bar3A zAstrArtha calA karatA hai / koI nizcayanaya ko hI yathArtha mAnatA hai aura koI nizcaya evaM vyavahAra donoM ko hI upAdeya mAnatA hai; kintu ToDaramalajI ke anusAra nizcaya-vyavahAra donoM ko upAdeya mAnanA bhrama hai, kyoMki donoM nayoM kA svarUpa paraspara viruddha hai| vyavahAranaya satyasvarUpa kA nirUpaNa nahIM karatA; kintu kisI apekSA se upacAra se vaha anyathA hI nirUpaNa karatA hai / 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' meM unhoMne likhA hai':"nizcayanaya kari jo nirUpaNa kiyA hoya, tAkauM tau satyArtha mAni tAkA zraddhAna aMgIkAra karanA, ara vyavahAranaya kari jo nirUpaNa kiyA hoya, tAkauM asatyArtha mAni tAkA zraddhAna chodd'naa|" Age unhoMne 'samayasAra kalaza' evaM 'SaTprAbhRta' ke uddharaNoM se apane pakSa kA samarthana bhI kiyA hai aura upasaMhAra vacanoM meM punaH likhA hai--" tAtaiM vyavahAranaya kA prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2001 46

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zraddhAna chor3i nizcayanaya kA zraddhAna karanA yogya hai / vyavahAranaya svadravya paradravya kauM vA tinake bhAvanika vA kAraNa kAryAdikakauM kAhUkauM kAhUviSai milAya nirUpaNa karai hai / so aise hI zraddhAnataiM mithyAtva hai| tAtaiM yAkA tyAga karanA / bahuri nizcayanaya tinahIkauM yathAvat nirUpai hai, kAhUviSai na milA hai| aise hI zraddhAnataiM samyaktva ho hai / tAtaiM yAkA zraddhAna krnaa|" mUrtipUjA - paNDitajI mUrtipUjA ko jainAcAra kA eka Avazyaka aMga mAnate the| unake anusAra jinamUrti sajIva athavA zuddhAtmA yA paramAtmA kI praticchAyA thI / ata: unhoMne isakA samarthana kiyA tathA 'bhagavatIsUtra' kA adhyayana kara usameM prApta 'caitya' zabda ke arthoM meM asaMgati dekhakara likhA hai : - "bhagavatIsUtra - viSai-jAya tattha caityanikau vaMdai' aisA pATha hai / yAkA artha yahu-tahA~ caityanikauM baMdai hai| soM caitya nAma pratimA kA prasiddha hai / bahuri vai haThakari kahai hai - caitya zabda ke jJAnAdika aneka artha nipajaiM haiM, so anya artha haiM, pratimA kA artha nAhIM / yAkauM pUchiye hai-- meruri nandIzvaradvIpa - viSai jAya tahA~ caityabaMdanA karI, so uhA~ jJAnAdika kI vandanA to sarvatra saMbhavai / jo vaMdane-yogya caitya uhIM hI saMbhavai, ara sarvatra na saMbhavai, tAkauM tahA~ vaMdanA karane kA vizeSa saMbhava, so aisA saMbhavatA artha pratimA hI hai / ara 'caitya' zabda kA mukhya artha pratimA hai, so prasiddha hai / isa hI arthakari caityAlaya nAma saMbhave hai / yAkauM haTha kari kAhe ko lopie / " 1 zithilAcAra evaM guruDama kA virodha paNDita ToDaramalajI pAkhaNDa, DhoMga, ADambara evaM guruDama ke dhora virodhI the / zithilAcArI bhaTTArakoM ne apane gurupada ko surakSita rakhane ke liye manamAnI karanA prArambha kara dI aura siddhAntAgama granthoM kA par3hanA banda kara diyA thA / jaina - mandiroM meM svAdhyAya karAne hetu pezevara paNDitoM kI niyuktiyA~ karA dIM tathA mandiroM meM siMhAsanoM para AsIna hone lage / tAtparya yaha ki jaba bhaTTAraka svayaM maThAdhIza bana gaye tathA paNDitajI yaha na dekha ske| inakA virodha karane ke liye unhoMne kamara kasa lI / yadyapi unake pUrva mahAkavi banArasIdAsa santa kabIra kI taraha hI zithilAcAriyoM ko DAMTa-phaTakAra kara jhAr3a cuke the, kintu usakA asara kama hone lagA thA, ata: ToDaramalajI ne dugunI zakti se unakA virodha kiyaa| unakA yaha virodha jainAcAra ke kSetra meM jabaradasta krAnti thI / yadi usa samaya paNDitajI krAnti kA svara na phU~kate, to Aja sacce sAdhuoM ke sthAna para zithilAcArI evaM sarAgI tathAkathita sAdhuoM kI pUjA hotI / 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' meM likhA hai ' -- "jahA~ muni ke dhAtrIdUta Adi chayAlIsa doSa AhArAdiviSai kahe haiM, tahA~ gRhasthini ke bAlakanikauM prasaMna karanA, samAcAra kahanA, maMtra, auSadhi - jyotiSAdi kArya batAvanA ityAdi bahuri kiyA karAyA anumodhA bhojana nA ityAdi kriyA kA niSedha kiyA hai, so aba kAladoSataiM inahI doSanikauM lagAya AhArAdi grahai hai / ..... nAnA parigraha rAkhai hai| bahuri gRhasthadharmaviSai bhI ucita nAhIM 1 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 47

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vA anyAnya lokaniMdya pAparUpa kArya tinikauM karate pratyakSa dekhiye hai| bahuri jinabimba zAstrAdika sarvotkRSTa pUjya tinakA sau avinaya karai hai| bahuri Apa tinateM bhI mahaMtatA rAkhi U~cA baiThanA Adi pravRti kauM dhAre haiN| ityAdi aneka viparItitA prAtyakSa bhAsai para ApakauM muni mAneM, mUlaguNAdika ke dhAraka kahAvai / aise hI apanI mahimA karAveM / bahuri gRhastha bhole, unakari prazaMsAdika kari Thige hue dharma kA vicAra kareM nAhIM? unakI bhakti-vikSaM tatpara ho haiN| so bar3e pApakauM bar3A dharma mAnanA, isa mithyAtva kA phala kaise ananta-saMsAra na hoya / eka jinavacanakau anyathA mAne mahApApI honA zAstravirSe kahA hai| yahA~ tau jinavacana kI kichU bAta rAkhI hI naahiiN| isa samAna aura pApa kauna hai?" jaina gaNita ke vyAkhyAtA jaina-gaNita svayaM meM paripUrNa eka vaijJAnika aMkavidyA hai| karaNAnuyoga meM bhUgola, khagola ke sAtha-sAtha aMkavidyA hI pramukha hai| jainAcAryoM ne isa kSetra meM adbhuta kArya kiye haiN| unakA anta: parIkSaNa kara dezI-videzI kaI vidvAnoM ne ise grIkapUrva prAcIna siddha kiyA hai| paM0 ToDaramalajI usa alaukika jaina evaM laukika gaNita ke dhurandhara vidvAn the, unhoMne janasAmAnya ke hitArtha kucha mahattvapUrNa samasyAoM para gura (Formula) likhe the| unheM dekhakara yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki hara viSaya meM unakI kitanI gaharI paiTha thI tathA dUsaroM ko samajhAne kI kaisI adbhuta kSamatA thii| trilokasAra' kI bhUmikA meM unhoMne likhA hai"sarva zAstranikA jJAna hone ko kAraNabhUta doya vidyA haiM / eka akSaravidyA ek.aNkvidyaa| so vyAkaraNAdi kari akSara jJAna bhae ara gaNita-zAstrani kari aMgajJAna bhae, anya zAstrini kA abhyAsa sugama ho hai|" jaina-gaNita kA vargIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai--"bahuri parikaSTika ko sIkhanA so saMkalana, vyavakalana, guNAkAra, bhAgahAra, vaga, vargamUla, dhana, dhanamUla, inakI parikarmASTaka kahie hai|" lambI saMkhyA kA bhAga karanA prAya: kaThina hotA hai, lekina paNDitajI ne use hala karane ke liye eka nayA gura (siddhAMta) hI banA diyA aura sodAharaNa usakA vizleSaNakara diyA yathA-- "bhAjya rAzi ke aMtAdika jete aMkanikari bhAjaka rAzi" pramANa vadhatA hoi, titane aMkarUpa rAzikoM bhAjaka kA bhAga diijiye| bahuri jisa aMkakari bhAjaka koM guNeM jAkoM bhAga dIyA thA, tAmeM ghaTAi avazeSa tahA~ likha dIjiye, ara vaha pAyA aMka judA likha diijiye| bahuri jaiseM bhAjya ke aMka rahe tinake aMtAdi aMkanirko taisaiM hI bhAga dei jo aMka Avai, tAkoM tisa pAyA aMka ke Agai likhie| aise hI yAvatsarva bhAjya ke aMka ni:zeSa hoi tAvat vidhAna kareM, tahA~ pAe aMkanikari jo pramANa Avai, so tahAM bhAga dIe jo rAzi bhayA, tAkA nAma labdharAzi hai, tAkara pramANa jaannaa|" isa siddhAnta ke spaSTIkaraNa ke liye unhoMne eka udAharaNa diyA hai, jaise 8192 meM 64 kA bhAga denA hai; Adhunika rIti se to 8192 + 64 karane meM jaTilatA adhika hai| kintu paNDitajI ke siddhAMta ke anusAra bhAjya 8192 meM se usakI Adi do saMkhyA 10 48 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2001

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81 meM se 64 bhAjaka ghaTA diyA, taba zeSa rahA 1792 / isa saMkhyA kA Adi aMka 1 alaga likha diijiye| phira 1792 kI prathama tIna saMkhyAoM meM arthAt 179 meM bhAjaka 64 kA bhAga kara bhajanaphala 2 ko ukta 1 ke sAtha (arthAt 12) likha dIjiye, zeSa 51 bcaa| use phala (2) ke sAtha likhakara (512) puna: bhAjaka kA bhAga diyA aura pUrvokta 12 ke sAtha isa bhajanaphala ko milA dene se 128 bhajana phala ho gyaa| yathAprAcIna paddhati ., navIna paddhati 8192 64 8192 128 64 64 1792 179 128 64 179 2 12 x512 512 128 128 uttara uttara 128 labdharAzi 512 5128 apane kAryoM ke mAdhyama se ve amara haiM ___ "sAhitya-sevA to gharaphUka tamAzA hai" --yaha eka lokapracalita kahAvata prasiddha hai| pUrvAcAryo para yaha ukti lAgU hotI hai athavA nahIM, yaha to kahanA kaThina hai; kintu bhAratIyasAhitya ke hindIkAla se aisA prAya: dekhA jAtA rahA hai| ToDaramalajI ke Upara to vaha zataza: lAgU hotI hai| unheM sAhitya-sevA kA jo phala milA, vaha hama sabhI jAnate haiN| unakI mRtyusambandhI durghaTanA ke smaraNa se hamAre roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte haiM, tathA sAMsa ruMdhane lagatI hai| mAnavatA ke durbhAgya se unheM vahI puraskAra milA, jo sahasroM varSa pUrva mAnava-saMskRti ke mahAvAhaka paramaRSi sukarAta, IsA evaM navayuga-nirmAtA mahAtmA gAMdhI ko milA / vastuta: unake jIvana kI vahI kharI-parIkSA thI aura usameM unhoMne sarvopari uttIrNatA prApta kii| Aja graha-nakSatroM ke sAtha unakI divyAtmA daidIpyamAna hai aura sRSTi ke anta taka vivekIjana unheM bhulA na skeNge| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. mokSamArga prakAzaka (dillI, 1950), pR0 171 2. paM0 hajArIprasAda dvivedIkRta hindI sAhitya' (dillI 1952) pR0 364-65 1 3. mokSamArga prakAzaka, pR0 29-30 1 4. mokSamArga prakAzaka, pR0 368 / 5. vahI, pR0 369 / 6. mokSamArga prakAzaka, pR0 270-271 / 7.trilokasAra bhUmikA, pR0 5 / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 49

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uttama saMyama aura mahAvrata -AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja "save hi te saMyama bhAvasudhI ca icchati" - (saptama azoka abhilekha) -nizcaya se sabhI AtmAyeM saMyama aura bhAvazuddhi cAhate hai| saMyama kA jIvana meM bahuta U~cA sthAna hai| dharma ke kSamA-- Arjava, mArdava Adi sabhI aMga saMyamapUrvaka hI pAlana kiye jA sakate haiN| jaise--kSamA meM krodha kA saMyama kiyA jAtA hai, mArdava meM kaThora-pariNAmoM kA saMyama kiyA jAtA hai, Arjava meM mAyAcAra kA saMyama vihita hai, to satya meM mithyA kA niyamana Avazyaka hai| sArAMza yaha ki jaise mAlA ke pratyeka puSpa meM sUtra piroyA hotA hai, vaise dharma ke sabhI aMgoM meM saMyama sthita hai| mana, vacana, kAya ke yoga ko saMyama kahate haiM aura koI bhI satkArya triyoga sambhAle binA nahIM hotaa| kArya kI sucArutA tathA pUrNatA triyoga para nirbhara hai aura triyoga kA kisI pavitra-lakSya para ekIbhAva hI saMyama hai| isI ko sAMketika abhivyakti dete hue 'indriyanirodha: saMyama:' kahA gayA hai| ___ indriyoM kI pravRtti bahumukhI hai| jIvana meM saphalatA prApta karane ke lie sabhI indriyoM ke dharma (svabhAva) sahAyaka hote haiN| tathApi kriyAsiddhi ke lie unheM saMyama tathA kendrita karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| yadi kArya karate samaya indriya samUha idhara-udhara daur3atA rahegA, to yaha sthiti ThIka vaisI hogI, jo ratha meM juTe hue vibhinna-dizAoM meM daur3anevAle azvoM se utpanna ho jAtI hai| aise ratha meM baiThA huA yAtrI kabhI nirApada nahIM raha sktaa| nItikAroM ne to yahA~ taka kahA hai ki "yadi pA~coM indriyoM meM se kisI eka indriya meM bhI vikAra ho jAe, to usa manuSya kI buddhi-bala-zakti vaise hI kSINa ho jAtI hai, jaise chidra hone para kalaza meM se pAnI nikala jAtA hai| paMcendriyasya martyasya chidraM cedekamindriyam / tato'sya sravati prajJAdRte: pAtrAdivodakam / phira jina manuSyoM kI indriyakSudhA itanI bar3hI huI ho ki rAtriMdiva pA~coM indriyoM se bhogoM kA AsvAda karate raheM, unameM vinAza ke cihna dikhAyI deM, patana hone lage, to kyA Azcarya?" isI ko lakSya kara saMyama kI sthUla-paribhASA karate hue indriyanirodha ko mahattvapUrNa batAyA gayA hai| saMskRtabhASA, jisakA yaha zabda (saMyama) hai, bar3I vaijJAnika bhAratI hai| 'yama' dhAtu kA artha maithuna' yA viSayecchA' hai aura 'yama' dhAtu kA artha 'damana' yA 'saMyama hai| 1050 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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'bha' ke pazcAt 'ma' varNa AtA hai| 'yama' meM jo phaMsa gayA, usakA uddhAra nahIM, aura jo 'yama' taka pahu~ca gayA, use yama kA bhaya nhiiN| agni agni ko jalA nahIM sakatI aura yama ko yama mAra nahIM sktaa| isI Azaya se vaidikoM ne kahA ki 'kAlaM kAlena pIDayan RSi kAla ko kAla se hI pIr3ita karate the| jo svayaM saMyamazIla nahIM haiM, unheM hI yama kA bhaya hai| saMyamI-vyakti to ghoSaNA karatA hai ki na mRtyave avatasthe kadAcana' -maiM kabhI mRtyu ke lie nahIM bnaa| saMyama ke pAlana se icchA mRtyu hotI hai| ___ zAstrakAroM ne kahA hai ki 'vrata-samiti-kaSAyANAM daNDAnAM tathendriyANAM paMcAnAm / dhAraNaM-pAlana-nigraha-tyAga- jayA: saMyamo bhaNita: / ' arthAt vratoM kA dhAraNa, samitiyoM kA pAlana, kaSAyoM kA nigraha, daNDoM kA tyAga tathA pA~coM- indriyoM ko jItanA uttama saMyama' kahA gayA hai| isa para vicAra kiyA jAe, to sampUrNa municaryA saMyama ke antargata parilakSita hotI hai| muni ke mUlaguNoM kI rakSA saMyama se hI sambhava hai| saMyama kA pAlana apane AdhyAtmika-koSa kA saMvardhana hai| jaise saMsAra meM loga Arthika-upArjana kara 'baiMkabaileMsa' bar3hAte haiM, vaise saMyamI apane AtmA ko zuddhopayoga aura zubhopayoga meM lagAnevAle dravya ko parivardhita karatA hai| jo loga apane rUpa, bala, parAkrama, buddhi tathA vIrya ko saMsAra meM lagAte haiM, ve mAnoM apanI pUMjI ko juye meM hAra rahe haiN| indriya-viSayoM ne jo rUpa-rAga kI caupar3a bichA rakhI hai, usa para unake sadguNa, sadvitta dAMva para laga rahe haiN| parantu Azcarya isa bAta kA hai ki viSaya-dyUta meM apanI vIryarUpa uttama-pUMjI ko hArakara bhI, gaMvAkara bhI loga duHkhI nahIM hote| sAdhAraNa juye meM to parAjita ko du:kha hotA dekhA jAtA hai; parantu jo saMyamI haiM, unakA dhana surakSita rahatA hai| saMyama se jo zakti prApta hotI hai, saMcaya hotA hai; vaha mAnava jIvana ko U~cA uThAtI hai| asaMyama aura saMyama meM yahI mukhya-bheda hai| asaMyama sIr3hiyoM se nIce utarane kA mArga hai aura aura saMyama Upara jAne kaa| 'unnataM mAnasaM yasya bhAgyaM tasya samunnatam' jisakA mana U~cA hotA hai, usakA pariNAma zuddha hotA hai| aura mana kI uccatA pariNAmoM para nirbhara hai| saMsAra ke prANiyoM ko saMcaya kI, parigraha kI Adata hai| parantu saMyamarUpa suparigraha kA saMcaya karane kI ora unakA dhyAna nahIM hai| saMyama kA saMcaya karane lageM, to Aja ke bahuta se abhAvoM kI duSTa-anubhUti se baca sakate haiN| __saMyama ke virodhI guNoM kA vargIkaraNa kareM, to patA calegA ki Aja ke loga unake kitane vazIbhUta haiN| zrRMgAra, vilAsa, madyamAna, dyUta, AhAraviveka-zUnyatA, dhUmrapAna, vyabhicAra, abrahmacarya, mithyA-bhASaNa ityAdi zataza: itane durvyasana haiM; jinhoMne Aja ke mAnava-jIvana ko daboca rakhA hai| saMyama na rakhanevAle inase bahuta du:khI haiN| yadi saMyama dhAraNa kara leM, to ina durvyAdhiyoM se mukta ho sakate haiM / anAvazyaka khAne-pahanane kI vastuoM kA saMcaya karane se manuSya para Arthika bhAra bar3hatA hai aura yahI saba anarthoM kI jar3a hai| Aja ke mAnava prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 40 51

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ne apanI AvazyakatAyeM itanI asaMyata banA lI haiM ki vaha apane bune hue jAla meM phaMsa gayA hai| inase trANa kA mArga saMyama hai / parigraha - parimANa bhI saMyama kA hI aMga hai / jaise surakSita dhana saMkaTa ke samaya meM kAma AtA hai, vaise saMyama manuSya-jIvana kI pragati meM sadaiva sahAyatA karatA hai| jisane saMyama ko apanA mitra banA liyA hai, usake sabhI mitra banane ko taiyAra rahate haiN| kyoMki saMyamI kI AvazyakatAyeM sImita hotI haiM, usake sAhacarya se koI parezAna nahIM hotA / bhASA saMyama ke binA jo sukhapUrvaka saMsAra se pAra utaranA cAhatA hai, vaha binA naukA ke 'tairane kI abhilASA rakhatA hai| saMyama mahatI tapasyA hai, mahAn vrata hai aura puruSa samudra ke pauruSa kI parIkSA hai| saMyama - maNi ko balavAn hI dhAraNa karate haiM, durbaloM ke hAtha meM se use viSaya-bhogarUpa dasyu chIna le jAte haiN| saMyama kA nAma hI uttama cAritra hai| manuSya ko mana:saMyama, vAksaMyama aura kAyasaMyama rakhanA cAhie / mana:saMyama se indriya-nirodha hotA hai / vAksaMyama se mithyA- bhASaNa - doSa tathA kAyasaMyama se unmArgagAmitA kI nivRtti hotI hai / saMyama ke binA japa, tapa, dhyAna, sAmAyika vyartha haiM / saMyama sAdhanA se hI uttama mokSasiddhi prApti hotI hai / - samyagdarzana bina duHkha pAya 'samatta - rahida- citto, joisa maMtAdiehi vaTTaMto / Nirayadisu bahudukkhaM, pAviya pavisadi Nigodammi / / ' artha -(AcArya yativRSabha, tiloyapaNNatti, bhAga 1. 361. 262 ) samyagdarzana se vimukha cintavAlA jyotiSa aura mantra-tantrAdikoM se AjIvikA karatA huA puruSa narakAdi meM bahuta duHkha pAkara paramparA se nigoda meM praveza karatA hai| 0052 ---- sabhAzAstra aura vaktA 'sabhAyAM na praveSTavyApraviSTazca na vaded vRthA / abruvat vibruvan vApi naro bhavati kilbiSI / / ' - ( manu0 8/ 13 ) yAni :- yA to sabhA sammelana meM praveza nahIM karanA acchA hai aura yadi sabhAoM meM praveza karanA cAhate hI haiM, to vahA~ dharma aura maryAdAyukta 'vacana' bolanA cAhiye / jo vaktA yA to mauna rahatA hai athavA tathya ko vikRta karake bolatA hai, to vaha mahAn pApa kA bhAgI hotA hai| muni, upAdhyAya aura AcAryoM ke jihvA para tIna lagAma lage haiM (satyamahAvrata, bhASAsamiti aura vacanagupti ) ina tIna baMdhanoM ko tor3anA mahAn anartha kA kAraNa hai / prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2001

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devatAoM kI citA -Ananda prakAza jaina mahAn vijetA sikandara ke bhavya svAgata ke lie kumAra AMbhI ne takSazilA ke dvAra khola diye| laMbe-caur3e rAjamArga para, chajje aura aTAriyoM para jhuke hue saMkhyAtIta Azcarya aura utsukatApUrNa netroM meM cakAcauMdha utpanna karatI, sikandara kI durdamya senAyeM mArca karatI huI cala rahI thiiN| vicitra prakAra ke unake lauha-kavaca, anadekhe hathiyAra aura unmatta arabI ghor3oM ko dekha dekha kara takSazilA ke sAdhAraNajana eka-dUsare ke kAnoM meM kucha na kucha phusaphusA rahe the| thor3I-thor3I dera bAda dikhAyI par3ate yUnAnI-senApatiyoM kI ora izArA karake ve loga bAra-bAra AsapAsa khar3e logoM se pUchate the, "yahI hai alakSendra, jisane sahasroM brAhmaNoM ko mauta ke ghATa utAra diyA hai?" aura uttara milatA thA, "nahIM, yaha alakSendra nahIM hai|" taba isaprakAra apanI utsukatA zAMta karanevAloM ke kalpanA-paTa para eka aura aise vyakti kI kAlpanika-mUrti aMkita ho jAtI thI, jisameM mRtyu ke devatA yama ne suMdaratama rUpa meM avatAra liyA thaa| yaha vaha devatA thA, jo AMdhI aura tUphAna banakara pazcima se uThA thA aura rAha meM par3anevAle pratyeka usa prANI kA astitva usane isa duniyA se uThA diyA thA, jisane U~cA karake khar3A hone kA sAhasa kiyA thaa| ___ takSazilA meM Aye sikandara ko do dina ho gaye aura Age car3hAI ke lie nakze bana rahe the ki takSazilA se dasa mIla dUra rahanevAle paMdraha mAnavoM ne vicitra-udaMDatA se usakI zakti ko cunautI dii| ___ apanI zakti kI mahattA sthApita karane ke lie sikandara ne takSazilA meM eka bar3A bhArI darabAra kiyA thA, jisameM AMbhI ke adhIna sabhI rAjAoM ko nimaMtraNa milA thaa| usa darabAra kA sabase bar3A uddezya thA bhArata ke bhUpatiyoM ke sAmane yUnAnI samrAT ke pratApa kA digdarzana / isa darabAra meM usake sAmane jhuka jAnevAloM ko yUnAnI bheMTa dI jAnevAlI thI aura vidrohiyoM ko aise daMDa diye jAne the, jinase bhAvI-vidrohiyoM kA roma-roma kA~pa jaaye| isa avasthA meM sikandara ke eka upasenApati ne darabAra meM upasthita hokara apane svAmI ke prati sira jhukAyA aura nivedana kiyA, "takSazilA ke kucha sAdhu mahAn vijetA kI AjJA prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 40 53

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mAnane se inakAra karate haiM / " sArA darabAra ThagA-sA raha gayA / sikandara ke mAthe para bala par3a gye| sabako lagA jaise yamarAja vikSipta hokara takSazilA ke prAMgaNa meM cakkara kATa rahe haiN| usane muTThiyA~ bhIMcakara kahA, "unheM hamAre sAmane peza kro| " "ve sAdhu naMge haiM, " upasenApati ne kahA, "mahAn sikandara kI sevA meM upasthita kiye jAne ke yogya nahIM haiN| sAtha hI ve apane sthAna se hilane se bhI inakAra karate haiM / ve kahate haiM, jinheM unake darzana karane kI icchA ho, ve hI unakI sevA meM upasthita hoM / " sabhI vyaktiyoM kI nigAheM sikandara ke mukha para jama gyii| isa avahelanA kA kevala eka hI pariNAma honevAlA thA-- hatyA, mRtyu aura vinAza / AMbhI ke dvibhASiye ne unake kAna meM sikandara ke upasenApati ke zabda doharAye aura vaha cauMka utthaa| usane dekhA ki AkramaNakArI kA ceharA tamatamA utthaa| isase pahale ki vaha krodha meM kucha Adeza detA, AMbhI uThA aura bolA, "alakSendra kA pratApa dina dUnA aura rAta caugunA bddh'e| ve sAdhU, jinhoMne alakSendra kI avahelanA kI hai, isa saMsAra se pare ke prANI haiM / ve saMsAra ke sukha-duHkha, moha-ma -mAyA aura jIvana-maraNa kI ciMtA se dUra haiN| sAtha hI ve asaMkhya bhAratIyoM ke AdhyAtmika guru haiN| yadi mahAn sikandara ne apane krodha kA vidyut prahAra una para kiyA, to sArA bhArata bhabhaka uThegA aura usake nivAsI baukhalA jaayeNge| mujhe pUrI AzA hai ki alakSendra kI mahattA vyartha ke hatyAkAMDa meM apanA gaurava naSTa nahIM karegI / " sikandara ne AMbhI kA eka-eka zabda sunaa| dekhate-dekhate sUrya ke tApa meM zItalatA A gyii| usane apane upasenApati kI ora lakSya karake kahA, "hama vIroM ko dharatI para sulAte haiM, kAyaroM ko nahIM / khAlI hAtha sikandara kA sAmanA karanevAlA pAgala ke sivA aura kucha nahIM hai| hama isa zarta ke sAtha una pAgala sAdhuoM ko mApha karate haiM ki ve hamAre hajUra meM Akara hameM apanA darzana btaayeN| unake darzana se mahAn arastU kA manoraMjana hogA / " I abhI khatarA bilakula dUra nahIM huA thaa| AMbhI ne kahA, "yUnAnAdhIza ! isa prakAra una sAdhuoM ko yahA~ nahIM lAyA sktaa| buddhibala ko kevala buddhibala hI parAsta kara sakatA hai| Apa yUnAna ke darzana ke kisI pratinidhi ko unake pAsa bhejeM, to saMbhava hai ve A skeN| yadi unheM lAne ke lie kisI taraha kI jora-jabaradastI unake Upara kI gayI, to ne ise mAnavI upasarga samajhakara mauna dhAraNa kara leMge aura phira unakI jubAna naraka kI yAtanA bhI nahIM khulavA skegii|" sikandara ke dAyeM-bAyeM paraDIkasa, sailyUkasa, philipa aura niyArakasa jaise zaktizAlI sAmaMta aura senApati sInA tAne khar3e the / AsapAsa idhara-udhara yUnAna kI atula - zakti ke ye pratIka sikandara kI mahattA aura usake adhikAra kI ghoSaNA kara rahe the| vaha ha~sA / "mahArAja ArmIsa ! yUnAna buddhibala meM bhI saMsAra ke netA haiM," vaha eka yUnAnI sAmaMta kI ora ghUmA / "onesikrAiTasa ! tuma mahArAja ArmIsa ke sAtha jAkara una sAdhuoM ko prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2001 O 54

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hamAre hajUra meM laaoge| yaha virodha hamArA nahIM, mahAn arastU kA hai, aura tuma unakI buddhi kA pratinidhitva acchI taraha kara sakate ho|" ___onesikrAiTasa ne garadana jhukAyI aura kahA, "mahArAja ! maiM mahAn arastU kI nidhi kI rakSA kruuNgaa|" nimiSa-mAtra meM sArI yavana-senAoM meM una adbhuta-sAdhuoM kI carcA phaila gayI, jinhoMne zakti ke devatA kI upekSA kI thii| isa upekSA ke pIche jo dArzanika-zakti thI, use jAnane ke lie prasiddha yUnAnI dArzanika onesikAiTasa vyagra ho utthaa| rAjasabhA samApta ho jAne para onesikrAiTasa ke jAne se pahale sikandara ne use apanI sevA meM bulvaayaa| usake kaMdhoM para hAtha rakhakara yUnAnI vijetA bolA, "tuma samajha rahe ho, yaha yUnAna kI buddhi-parIkSA hai| hamane zastra ke bala se pRthvI kA AdhA-bhAga jItA hai aura zeSa AdhA hamAre kadama cUmane ke lie simaTatA A rahA hai| yadi tumane isa jItI huI pRthvI kI buddhi ko jIta liyA, to yUnAna kI sattA amara ho jaayegii|" onesikrAiTasa ne sira jhukAyA, "yUnAna kA darzana ajeya hai, avicala hai| jupiTara kA beTA sikandara usakA rakSaka hai|" / phira sikandara ne apane guru-bhAI ke sAtha eka parihAsa kiyA, "hama jAnate haiM ki tumhArI AdhI aura uttama-buddhi hama phArasa meM hI chor3a Aye haiN| lekina hamArA vicAra hai ki isa avasara ke lie tumhArI vartamAna-zakti hI kAphI hogii|" . onesikAiTasa kI vaha AdhI-buddhi yUnAnI-sauMdarya kI sarvottama pratIka usakI rUpasI patnI helenA thI, jise bhArata Ate samaya sikandara ne mArga kI kaThinAiyoM ke vicAra se phArasa meM hI rahane ko vivaza kiyA thaa| mahattAzAlI svAmI se parihAsa pAkara onesikrAiTasa ko apanI zakti ke prati garva huA aura vaha muskarA utthaa| ___ mahArAja AMbhI ke sAtha yUnAnI dArzanika pUre sAja-bAja ke sAtha apane AdhyAtmikapratidvaMdviyoM ko parAsta karane ke lie claa| takSazilA se dasa mIla dUra jaba yaha choTA-sA rAjasI-dala apane lakSya-sthAna para pahuMcA, to unhoMne dekhA ki jeTha kI tapatI dupaharI meM kucha zilAkhaMDoM para paMdraha nagna-muni A~khe mIMce sAdhanA meM tallIna the| ina logoM ko Age bar3hate jAnakara mahArAja AMbhI ne kahA, "sAvadhAna ! isa pavitra-sthAna meM jUte pahanakara jAnA varjita hai|" saba loga sahamakara khar3e raha gye| tatkAlIna tIna dubhASiye sAmane aaye| unhoMne mahArAja ke zabdoM kA saMskRta se arabI, arabI se leTina aura leTina se yUnAnI-bhASA meM rUpAMtara kara diyaa| onesikAiTasa ne ruSTa hokara AMbhI kI ora dekhaa| AMbhI ne kahA, "yahA~ kI rIti hai| vidvAn loga jahA~ jAte haiM, vahIM kI rIti-nIti kA pAlana karate haiN|" yUnAnI dArzanika ne apane eka paira kA jUtA utArakara paira patthara ke sapATa pharza para prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0055

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rakhA hI thA ki usake mu~ha se eka 'sI' kI AvAja nikalI aura tatkAla usakA paira apane AvaraNa ke bhItara chipa gyaa| vaha patthara lAla tave kI taraha tapa rahA thaa| usane Azcarya ke sAtha una muniyoM kI ora dekhA, jo una pattharoM para naMge badana baiThakara jJAna kA ora-chora pakar3ane ke lie tapasyA kara rahe the| usakI A~khoM ne Aja taka isa taraha kA camatkAra nahIM dekhA thaa| vaha bolA, "mahArAja ArmIsa ! Apako vizvAsa hai ki yaha kisI taraha kA 'zaubadA' to nahIM hai?" / ___"nahIM," AMbhI ne kahA, "lekina loga kahate haiM ki devatA inakI rakSA karate haiN| yadi aisI daivI-zakti ho, to use zaubade kA nAma nahIM diyA jA sktaa|" . onesikrAiTasa kI AMkhoM meM sAdhuoM ke prati prazaMsA kA bhAva udaya huaa| vaha apane dubhASiye se bolA, "inase pUcho ki ye loga naMge kyoM haiM aura yaha kisa taraha kI sAdhanA haiM, jo akele binA kisI sAdhana ke jaMgala meM baiThakara kI jAtI hai|" dubhASiye ne turaMta usake prazna kA ulthA kara diyaa| ... eka muni ne uttara diyA, "saba prakAra kI hiMsA kA tyAga karake hI manuSya mokSa kI prApti kara sakatA hai| pratyeka kRtrima vastu ko banAne meM manuSya agaNita jIvoM kI hiMsA karatA hai| usa hiMsA ko svayaM karane se, kisI se karAne se athavA kisI kI ki huI hiMsA kA anumodana karane se yA usakA pariNAma grahaNa karane se hiMsA kA samAna pAtaka lagatA hai| vastroM ke banAne meM bhI isIprakAra asaMkhya-jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai| manuSya kI AtmA pApa aura puNya ke rUpa meM karmoM ke baMdhanoM se jakar3I huI saMsAra kI caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM bhramaNa kara rahI hai| janma-maraNa ke apAra duHkha aura baMdhana se chuTakArA pAne ke lie aura akhaMDa AnaMda ke sthAna mokSa kI prApti ke lie ina karmoM ke baMdhanoM se chuTakArA pAnA Avazyaka hai| zarIra ko niSkriya rakhakara aura dhyAna ko ekAgra karake, zarIra para par3ane vAle duHkhoM ko nirvikAra bhAva se sahane se karmaphala naSTa hote rahate haiM aura navIna-karmoM kI utpatti nahIM hotii| yahI hamArI sAdhanA hai... lekina tuma kauna ho?" / ___ "tuma logoM kA vicAra kitanA bhrAMtipUrNa hai," yUnAnI dArzanika ne unakI buddhi para tarasa khAte hue kahA, "maiM yUnAna kA nivAsI hU~, vizvaguru arastU kA ziSya hU~ aura tumheM sahI-mArga sujhAne ke sAtha-sAtha tuma logoM kI vicitra-buddhi kA rahasya jAnane AyA huuN| merA nAma onesikrAiTasa hai|" "Azcarya hai !" muni ne kahA, "itane vidvAn hote hue bhI tuma loga vastra-AbhUSaNa jaisI anAvazyaka vastuoM ke lobha meM par3e hue ho| jaba taka ina vastuoM kA moha tumheM satAtA rahegA, tuma kabhI mukti prApta nahIM kara skoge| tuma hameM jJAna kI zikSA dene Aye ho| hameM saccA jJAna prApta ho cukA hai| bhagavAn jinadeva mahAvIra kI kRpA se jJAna Aja zata-zata dizAoM meM phUTakara mAnavamAtra ko mukti kA saMdeza de rahA hai| tuma hamArA rahasya jAnane Aye ho| jaba taka lauhakavaca, vastrAbhUSaNa, zastra aura keza va padatrANa Adi zarIra ke Upara 0056 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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lade raheMge, tumheM mukti ke rahasya kA patA nahIM lagegA / " yaha spaSTa varjanA thii| onesikrAiTasa ke lie prabala - pratidvaMdvI kI yaha eka cunautI thI / usane tilamilA kara kahA, "jina vastuoM ko tuma anAvazyaka batA rahe ho, ve prAkRtikavipattiyoM se manuSya kI rakSA karatI haiM aura isaprakAra use unnati kI ora bar3hane ke lie zakti detI haiM / jIva, AtmA, hiMsA, pAtaka, karmaphala, puNya, mokSa .... samAja se dUra jaMgala meM baiThakara, binA kisI prayogazAlA ke tuma logoM ne jo mUrkhatApUrNa kalpanAyeM sthApita kI haiM, unase 'tuma loga svayaM bhI kaSTa pAte ho aura apane deza ke mAnavoM meM bhI bhaya aura AzaMkAoM kA saMcAra karate ho| isa duniyA se dUra kI duniyA ko jItanevAle pahale isa saMsAra ko jItate haiM / yadi tumase yaha saMsAra nahIM jItA jAtA, to jItanevAloM ke darzana kro| saMbhava hai, unase tumheM kucha preraNA mile / " "tuma loga mleccha ho," muni- mahArAja ne kahA / zAMtabhAva se vaha bole, "tuma logoM kI buddhi sacce dharma ko nahIM jAna sktii| hamArA mArga nizcita hai / jise jinadeva kA jJAna prApta karanA ho, vaha jijJAsu banakara hamArI taraha sAdhanA kare; tabhI use saccA - jJAna prApta ho sakatA hai| sacce-jJAna ko prApta karane se pahale sacce - dharma meM vizvAsa karanA hogA, tabhI mokSa milegA / " yUnAnI dArzanika A~kheM phAr3akara ina vicitra - sAdhuoM kI ora dekhatA raha gayA / vaha bolA, "Azcarya hai ki jisa vastu kA jJAna taka nahIM, pahale usa para vizvAsa karane se hI tumhAre kalpita-mokSa taka pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| mAlUma hotA hai ki tuma logoM ne buddhi kA divAlA nikAlakara isa tapasyA ke bahAne AtmaghAta para kamara kasI hai| tuma apane vizvAsa ko apane pAsa hI rkho| yUnAna kI prayogazAlAoM meM rAta-dina sacce jJAna kA udbhava ho rahA hai| hama loga pahale jJAna prApta karate haiM, use taraha-taraha kI kasauTiyoM para kasate haiM, taba usa para usa samaya taka vizvAsa karane ke lie taiyAra hote haiM, jaba taka koI buddhimAn vyakti use galata siddha na kara de| mahAn vijetA sikandara tuma logoM ko una prayogazAlAoM meM sacce jJAna ke darzana ke lie eka aisA avasara de rahA hai, jo isa saMsAra meM viraloM ko hI prApta hotA hai|" muni - mahArAja ne mauna dhAraNa kara liyA / bhagavAn jinadeva se Upara kisI vyakti kI mahattA unheM svIkAra nahIM thI / onesikrAiTasa kucha dera taka pratIkSA meM khar3A rhaa| taba bhI ne use batAyA ki aba usake prazna kA uttara nahIM milegA / yUnAnI dArzanika kSubdha ho gyaa| usane eka bAra dayApUrNa dRSTi se una muniyoM kI ora dekhA, phira apane eka anucara ko lakSya karake bolA, "ina saMvAdoM ko likha lo, tAki mahAn vijetA sikandara bhI ina logoM kI buddhi para tarasa khaayeN| caliye, mahArAja ArmIsa ! mujhe Apake AdhyAtmika guruoM se bahuta bar3I nirAzA huI... jJAna se pahale vizvAsa, Azcarya hai / " - (sAbhAra uddhRta vaizAlika kI chAyA meM' pR0 67-73) prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 00 57

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prAkRta-granthoM meM jinaliMgoM kA svarUpa -DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala prAkRtabhASA ke samasta vAGmaya meM zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA meM nibaddha nigraMtha-paramparA ke Agama-graMthoM kI apanI alaga mahattA evaM pratiSThA hai| bhASika-prayogoM ke vaiziSTya ke sAtha-sAtha viSaya-prarUpaNa bhI unameM ativiziSTa hai| anagAroM ke viSaya meM ina graMthoM meM jo mahattvapUrNa dizAnirdeza diye gaye haiM, ve Aja ke samasta munisaMghoM ke lie evaM vidvAnoM, zrAvakoM, jijJAsUoM ke lie avazya paThanIya, mananIya evaM vicAraNIya haiN| prastuta Alekha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne mAtra tathyaparaka-rIti se jo vicAra-bindu prastuta kiye haiM, ve isa dizA meM | saMkSiptIkRta-sAmagrI kA vyavasthitarUpa kahe jA sakate haiN| -sampAdaka vizva ke samasta dharma-darzanoM meM jainadarzana hI samasta jIvAtmAoM ko svabhAva se vItarAga, sarvajJa evaM parama AnaMdarUpa batAkara usakI prApti kA mArga batAtA hai| du:kha ke janaka haiMkujJAna, kaSAya, kaMcana aura kAminI kI abhilaassaa| ise hI para-samaya' kahA hai| AnaMdaprApti kA mArga hai AtmajJAnapUrvaka kaSAya, kaMcana, kAminI kA parityAga evaM zuddhopayogarUpa AtmadhyAna / yahI sva-samaya' hai| isIkAraNa mukti kA ArAdhaka sAdhu parigraha aura strI kA tyAgI hotA hI hai|' AcArya kundakundadeva ne jainadarzana meM mAtra tIna veSa-liMga svIkAra kiye haiM- pahalA jinadevasvarUpa sAdhu, dUsarA utkRSTa zrAvaka (elaka) evaM tIsarA jaghanya pada meM sthita aaryikaa| jinamata meM cauthA bheSa nahIM hai|' 1. vaMdanayogya sAdhu : ___ AcArya vaTTakera ke anusAra sAdhu, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura zakti ko acchI taraha samajhakara bhalIprakAra dhyAna, adhyayana aura cAritra kA AcaraNa karate haiN|' jJAna-vijJAna se sampanna aura dhyAna, adhyayana aura tapa se yukta tathA kaSAya aura gaurava se rahita mani zIghra hI saMsAra ko pAra kara lete haiM / vinayasahita muni svAdhyAya karate huye paMcendriyoM ko saMkucita kara tIna gupti-yukta aura ekAgramanA ho jAte haiN| gaNadharadevAdi ne kahA ki aMtaraMga-bahiraMga bAraha prakAra ke tapoM meM svAdhyAya samAna tapa:karma na hai aura na hogA 0058 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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hI / svAdhyAya hI paramatapa hai / " jisaprakAra dhAgAsahita suI naSTa nahIM hotI, usI prakAra AgamajJAnasahita pramAdadoSa se bhI naSTa nahIM hotaa|' AgamahIna AcArya apane ko aura dUsaroM ko bhI naSTa karatA hai|' sAdhu samabhAvavAle hote haiN| zatru-mitra, niMdA - prazaMsA, lAbha-alAbha aura tRNa-kaMcana meM unakA samabhAva hotA hai| aise virakta, nirmamatva, nirArambhI, saMyama, samiti, dhyAna evaM samAdhi meM apramatta - samabhAvI muni hI ekabhavAvatArI laukAntika deva hote haiM / ' 2. gyAraha pratimAdhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka : jinamata meM dUsarA bheSa gyAraha pratimAdhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka - ailaka kA hotA hai / inake pAsa eka vastra yA kaupIna hotA hai| pAtra yA karapAtra meM bhikSA - bhojana karate haiN| mauna yA bhASAsamitirUpa vacana bolate haiM / samyagdarzana - jJAna saMyukta haiN| aise utkRSTa zrAvaka ailakakSullaka 'icchAkAra' karane yogya haiM / 'icchAmi' yA icchAkAra kA artha apane Apako, AtmA ko cAhanA hai / " jise Atma iSTa nahIM, use siddhi nahIM, ataH he bhavya jIvo! AtmA kI zraddhA karo, isakA zraddhAna karo aura mana-vacana-kAya se svarUpa meM rucikara mokSa prApta kro| " 3. AryikA : jinamata kA tIsarA pada nArI kA 'AryikA' veSa hai| AryikA ekavastra dhAraNa karatI hai aura sa-vastra dina meM eka bAra bhojana karatI hai| kSullikA do vastra rakhatI hai| 12 jinamata meM nagnapanA hI mokSamArga hai / vastradhAraNa karanevAle mukta nahIM hotA / nArI ke aMgoM meM sUkSmakAya, dRSTi agocara trasa - jIvoM kI utpatti hote rahane ke kAraNa ve dIkSA ke ayogya haiM / citta kI caMcalatA ke kAraNa unheM AtmadhyAna nahIM hotA, phira bhI jinamata ko zraddhA zuddha hone se mokSamArgI haiM aura tIvra tapazcaraNa ke kAraNa pAparahita haiM, jisase svargAdika prApta karatI haiN| 13 se yadyapi AryikA kA paMcama guNasthAna dezavrata' hotA hai phira bhI upacAra se AcAryoM ne sAdhuoM ke samAna unake mahAvrata mAna liye haiM / " mAtra ve vRkSamUlayoga, AtAyanayoga, pratimAyoga, varSAyoga tathA ekAntavAsa Adi nahIM krtii|" ve nirantara par3hane, pATha karane, sunane, kahane aura anuprekSAoM ke citavana meM tathA tapa, vinaya aura saMyama meM nitya hI udyama karatI huI jJAnAbhyAsa meM tatpara rahatI haiM / " zabda se unakI vinaya kI jAtI hai| sAdhu Arthika kitane dUra kitane pAsa : sAdhu aura AryikA donoM yadyapi vItarAga - mArga ke pathika haiM, phira bhI kAma-svabhAva kI dRSTi se eka ghI aura dUsarA agni ke samAna hai / ata: inake madhya kitanI nikaTatA aura kitanI dUrI ho -- isakA vizada varNana AcArya vaTTakera ne mUlAcAra meM aura AcArya zivakoTi ne 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM kiyA hai, jisakA sAra nimnaprakAra hai : prAkRtavidyA aktUbara- - disambara 2001 59

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AcArya evaM sAdhu se kramazaH pA~ca aura sAta hAtha dUrI se vaMdanA paMca-cha: satta hatthe sUrI ajjhAvago ya sAdhU ya / parihariUNajjAo gavAsaNeNeva vaMdati / / - artha :-- AryikAyeM AcArya ko pA~ca hAtha se, upAdhyAya ko chaha hAtha se aura sAdhu ko sAta hAtha se dUra rahakara 'gavAsana-mudrA' meM hI vaMdanA karatI haiN| spaSTa hai ki sAdhuoM ko nArI/nArIvarga se sAta hAtha kI dUrI banAye rakhanA caahiye|" ekAnta-milana evaM vArtA kA niSedha ajjAgamaNe kAleNa atthidavvaM tadheva eNkkenn| tAhiM puNa sallAvo Na ya kAdabvo akjjenn|| tAsiM puNa pucchAo ikkisse Naya kahijja eNkko du / gaNiNI parao kiccA jadi pucchai to kahedavvaM / / artha :- AryikAoM ke Ane ke samaya muni ko akele nahIM baiThanA caahiye| isIprakAra unake sAtha binA prayojana vArtAlApa bhI nahIM karanA caahiye| inameM se yadi akelI AryikA prazna kare, to akelA muni uttara nahIM de| yadi gaNinI ko Age karake vaha prazna pUchatI hai, tabhI usakA uttara denA cAhiye / tAtparya yaha ki sAdhu-AryikA asamaya meM aura akele meM na to mileM aura na hI prayojanahIna carcA kreN| taruNa-taruNI kI vArtA kA duSpariNAma taruNo taruNIe saha kahA vasallAvaNaM ca jadi kujjaa| ANAkovAdI yA paMcavi dosA kadA tenn|| artha :--- taruNa muni taruNI ke sAtha yadi (prama) kathA yA vArtAlApa karatA hai, to usa muni ne AjJAkopa, anavasthA, mithyAtva-ArAdhanA, AtmanAza aura saMyama-virAdhanA -- ina pA~ca doSoM ko kiyA hai, aisA samajhanA caahiye| isakA pariNAma sarvanAza hI hai|" AryikAoM ke AvAsa meM municaryA kA niSedha aura usake pariNAma No kappadi viradANaM viradINamuvAsayahi ma ciTThaduM / tattha NiseMjja-uDhaNa-sajjhAyAhAra-bhikkhavosaraNe / / artha :-- AryikAoM ke nivAsa-sthala (vasatikA) meM muniyoM kA rahanA aura vahA~ para baiThanA, leTanA, svAdhyAya AhAra, bhikSA va kAyotsarga karanA yukta nahIM hai| spaSTa hai ki AryikAoM ke nivAsasthala para muniyoM kA nivAsa niSiddha hai|20 _ 'mUlAcAra' ke 'samayasArAdhikAra' ke kSetrazuddhi kI gAthA-kramAMka 954 meM puna: ukta tathya kI puSTi kI hai| yaha gAthA ukta gAthA 180 ke prAya: samAna hI hai aura gAthA-kramAMka 952 meM nirdezita kiyA hai ki dhIra-muni parvatoM kI kandarA, zmazAna, zUnya-makAna aura vRkSoM ke nIce AvAsa kreN| 0060 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2001

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AryikA - muni sahavAsa kA duSpariNAma 'mUlAcAra' kI gAthA 181 evaM 182 meM AryikAoM aura muniyoM ke saMsarga kA duSpariNAma darzAyA hai, jo isaprakAra hai "kAma se malina citta zramaNa, sthavira, ciradIkSita, AcArya, bahuzruta tathA tapasvI ko bhI nahIM ginatA hai, kula kA vinAza kara detA hai| 21 vaha muni - kanyA, vidhavA-rAnI, svecchAcAriNI tathA tapasvinI-mahilA kA Azraya letA huA tatkAla hI usameM apavAda ko prApta hotA hai| 22 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' kI gAthA 341 dizAbodhaka hai khelapaDidamappANaM Na taradi jaha macchiyA vimoceduM / ajjANacaro Na taradi taha appANaM vi moceduM / / artha :- jaise manuSya hI AryikA ke sAtha paricaya kiyA muni chuTakArA nahIM pA sakatA / 23 --- ke kapha meM par3I makkhI usase nikalane meM asamartha hotI hai, vaise AryikAoM kI dIkSA - AcArya ke guNa jo gambhIra haiM, sthiracitta haiM, mita bolate haiM, alpa kautukI haiM, ciradIkSita haiM aura tattvoM ke jJAtA haiM -aise muni AryikAoM ke AcArya hote haiN| ina guNoM se rahita AcArya se cAra kAla arthAt dIkSAkala, zikSAkAla, gaNapoSaNa aura AtmasaMskAra kI virAdhanA hotI hai aura saMgha kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| 24 isa dRSTi se yogya - AcArya se hI nAriyoM ko dIkSA lenA ucita hai 1 AryikAoM kA AvAsa kaisA ho, ve kahA~ aura kaise jAveM ? AryikAoM ke upAzraya kA AvAsa ke sambandha meM 'mUlAcAra' meM spaSTa nirdeza haiM, jo isaprakAra hai jo gRhasthoM se virita na ho, jisameM cora Adi kA AnA-jAnA na ho aura jo vizuddha-saMcaraNa arthAt jahA~ mala virsajana gamanAgamana evaM zAstra- svAdhyAya Adi yogya ho, aise AvAsa (vasatikA) meM do yA tIna yA bahuta-sI AryikA eka sAtha rahatI haiN| 25 AryikAoM ko binA kArya ke paragRha nahIM jAnA cAhiye aura avazya jAne yogya kArya meM gaNinI se pUchakara sAtha meM milakara hI jAnA cAhiye | 2" AryikAoM ko ronA, nahalAnA, khilAnA, bhojana pakAnA, sUta kAtanA, chaha prakAra kA Arambha karanA, yatiyoM ke paira mAliza karanA, dhonA aura gIta gAnA Adi kArya nahIM karanA cAhiye | 27 --- AhAra- hetu tIna yA pA~ca yA sAta AryikAyeM Apasa meM rakSA karatI huIM vRddhA-AryikAoM ke sAtha milakara hamezA AhAra ko nikalanA yukta haiM / 28 muni AryikA ke saMsarga-niSedha kA kAraNa !' 'mUlAcAra' meM muni-AryikA evaM anya nAriyoM ke saMsarga kA niSedha kara usakA kAraNa bhI vyakta kiyA hai, jiso samajhanA jarUrI hai| kAraNa ko jAne binA nirNaya samIcIna nahIM hotA / yaha jIva dhana, jIvana, rasanA - indriya aura kAmendriya ke nimitta se hamezA anaMtabAra svayaM maratA hai aura anyoM ko bhI mAratA hai| 29 cAra-cAra aMgula kI jihvA aura kAmendriya prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 61

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azu hai aura inase jIva nizcitarUpa se du:kha prApta karatA hai / 30 ataH he muni ! tuma isI samaya isa rasanAindriya aura kAma- indriya ko jIto / " kATha (lepa, citra Adi kalAkRti) meM bane huye strIrUpa se bhI hamezA DaranA cAhiye, kyoMki inase jIva ke mana meM kSobha ho jAtA hai|" puruSa ghI ke bhare ghATa jaise hai, aura strI jalatI huI agni jaisI hai| striyoM ke samIpa huye puruSa naSTa ho gaye haiM, tathA inase virakta - puruSa mokSa ko prApta huye haiM / 3 mAtA, bahina, putrI, mUka va vRddhastriyoM se bhI nitya hI DaranA cAhiye; kyoMki strIrUpa meM sabhI striyAM agni ke samAna sarvatra jalAtI haiN| 34 hAtha-paira se lUlI - laMgar3I, kAna-nAka se hIna tathA vastrarahita striyoM se bhI dUra rahanA caahiye| 35 brahmacarya mana-vacana-kAya kI apekSA tIna prakAra kA hai, tathA dravya-bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra hai|" bhAva se virata manuSya hI virata hai / dravya - virata se mukti nahIM hotii| isaliye paMcendriya ke viSayoM meM ramaNa karanevAle mana ko vaza meM karanA cAhiye / 17 abrahma ke daza bheda haiM-- atyadhika bhojana karanA, snAna-tailamardana Adi zarIra saMskAra, kezara - kastUrI gandhamAlA, gIta aura vAdya sunanA, komala gadde evaM kAmodrekapUrNa ekAnta sthala meM rahanA, strI-saMsarga, suvarNa vastra Adi dhanasaMgraha, pUrverati- ramaNa, paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM meM anurAga tathA pauSTika rasoM kA sevana / " jo mahAtmA puruSa mahAduHkhoM ke nivAraNa hetu daza - prakAra ke abrahma kA parihAra karatA hai, vaha dRr3ha- brahmacArI hotA hai / 39 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM gAthA 1092 se 1113 taka strI- puruSa - saMsarga kA niSedha kiyA hai, jo paThanIya aura mananIya hai / AgamAnusAra AcaraNa karane kA suphala : 'mUlAcAra' grantha ke 'sAmAcArAdhikAra' kA upasaMhAra karate huye AcArya vaTTakera ghoSaNA karate haiM ki "uparyuktavidhAna rUpa caryA kA jo sAdhu aura AryikAyeM AcaraNa karate haiM, ve jagat se pUjA, yaza aura sukha ko prApta kara siddha ho jAte haiM / " "140 prakArAntara se ukta vidhAna kI avajJA-avamAnanA se apayaza, duHkha aura saMsAra - bhramaNa hotA hai, jo vicAraNIya hai| parigraha aura strI-tyAga karake sAdhu zIghra hI siddha ho jAtA hai|" upasaMhAra : I jinendra bhagavAn kA vItarAgamArga viziSTamArga hai / aMtaraMga meM jinadarzanarUpa AtmazraddhAna-Atmaruci hone para uktAnusAra jinabheSa sahaja hI bAhya meM prakaTa hote haiM / munibheSa meM aMtaraMga meM tIna kaSAya-caukar3I ke abhAvapUrvaka pariNati prakaTa hotI hai aura bAhya meM sampUrNa parigraha evaM strItyAga - sahita AgamapraNIta AcaraNa hotA hai / isIprakAra gyAraha pratimAdhArI ailaka-AryikA Adi ke bheSa meM aMtaraMga meM do kaSAya-caukar3I ke abhAvapUrvaka vizuddha-pariNati prakaTa hokara AgamAnusAra bAhya - AcaraNa hotA hai tathA AcArya, muniyoM, AryikA tathA nara-nArIjagat ke prati 'mUlAcAra' ke nirdezoM ke anurUpa maryAdita, saMyamita vyavahAra hotA prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 62

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hai; tabhI sabhI jana AdaraNIya-abhinaMdanIya-vaMdanIya hote haiN| vastusvarUpa kI ukta sahaja-vyavasathA ke pariprekSya meM AcArya kuMdakuMdadeva ne 'samayasAra prAbhRta' meM ghoSaNA kI hai ki "bahuta prakAra ke pAkhaNDI (muni) liMgoM athavA gRhastha-liMgoM ko dhAraNa karake mUDhajana yaha kahate haiM ki 'yaha liMga mokSamArga hai|' parantu liMga mokSamArga nahIM hai; kyoMki arahaMtadeva liMga ko chor3akara arthAt liMga para se dRSTi haTAkara darzana-jJAna-cAritra kA sevana karate haiN| muniyoM aura gRhasthoM ke liMga (cihna) mokSamArga nahIM haiM, kyoMki jinadeva ne darzana-jJAna-cAritra ko mokSamArga kahA hai|" AcAryadeva kahate haiM ki gRhasthoM aura muniyoM dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye liMgoM ko chor3akara, unameM se ekatvabuddhi tor3akara mokSamArgarUpa darzana-jJAna-cAritra meM svayaM ko lgaao| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. sandarbha kraM. 2, 3 AcArya kuMdakuMda, daMsaNapAhuDa, gAthA 18 / 3. sandarbha kraM. 1,5,6,7,8, evaM 9 AcArya vaTTakera, mUlAcAra, gAthA kramaza: 1008, 1007,970, 971/72,973 evaM 9651 4. sandarbha kraM. 10 AcArya kuMdakuMda, bodhapAhuDa, gAthA 491 5. sandarbha kraM. 11 AcArya yativRSabha, tiloyapaNNattI, mahAdhikAra ATha gAthA 669-674 / 6.. sandarbha kraM. 12, 13, 14 evaM 15 AcArya kuMdakuMda, suttapAhuDa, gAthA kramaza: 21 evaM 13-15, ... 16,22,24-261 7. sandarbha kraM. 16 AcArya vIranandI, AcArazAstra, adhyAya 2, zloka 891 8. sandarbha kraM. 17, 18, 19,20,21, 22, 23 evaM 24 AcArya vaTTakera, mUlAcAra, gAthA kramaza: 157 189,195, 177-178,179,180,181 evaM 1821 9. sandarbha kraM. 25 AcArya zivakoTi, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, (dahalI prakAzana), gAthA 341 / 10. sandarbha kraM. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 evaM 34 AcArya vaTTakera, mUlAcAra, gAthA kramaza: 184-185, 191,192, 193,194,989,994,990 evaM 992 / 11. sandarbha kraM. 35, 36,37,38, 39,40, 41,42 evaM 43 AcArya vaTTakera, mUlAcAra, gAthA kramaza: 993,998,995,996, 997,990-999, 1000, 196 evaM 108 / namastasyai sarasvatyai vANIparaka zabda cayana karate hue likhA hai 'brAhmI tu bhAratI bhASA gIrvAvavANI srsvtii|' - (amarakoza, 1/6/1) vyAkhyA- 'brAhmI' dvArA loka meM pracArita hone se 'brAhmI' bhArata meM bolI jAne se 'bhAratI' mukha se uccAryabhASA hone se 'bhASA' zabdArthoM kA nigaraNa karane se 'gI:' athavA 'girA' uccarita hone se 'vAk' zabdArtha ke sevana se 'vANI' tathA jabAna para se gatizIla 'sarasvatI' kahalAtI hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0063

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dArzanika-rAjA kIparamparA ke pravartaka tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ----DaoN0 sUryakAnta bAlI jaina-paramparA ke prathama tIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva evaM unake jyeSThaputra mahAyogI bharata | cakravartI kA nAma vizvavizruta hai| RSabhadeva ke pitA 'nAbhirAya' ke nAma para isa deza kA nAma 'ajanAbhavarSa' rahA tathA phira cakravartI bharata ke nAma para isakA nAma 'bhAratavarSa' huaa| cU~ki prAcIna bhArata meM vaicArika matabheda hote hue bhI manabheda evaM vicArakAluSya kI saMskRti nahIM thI, ata: apane se bhinna matavAdiyoM kA bhI sasammAna ullekha ve apane graMthoM meM karate the| zramaNa-saMskRti evaM vaidika-saMskRti kI vicAra-bhitti bhinna-bhinna hote hue bhI vaidika-paramparA ke graMthoM ke prAcIna saMskaraNoM meM zramaNasaMskRti ke mahApuruSoM ke yazogAna niSpakSa-bhAva se mukharita dikhAI dete rhe| Adhunika prakAzakoM meM saMbhavata: vaisI vaicArika udAratA nahIM bacI, isalie unhIM graMthoM ke adhunAtana-saMskaraNoM se ve ullekha gAyaba kara diye gaye haiN| bhalA hI DaoN0 bAlI jaise prAcIna-paramparA ke adhyetA lekhakoM kA, jinhoMne apane lekhoM/racanAoM meM una ullekhoM ko svayaM vaidika vidvAn hote hue bhI niSpakSa-bhAva se surakSita rkhaa| unakI eka kRti meM se yaha Alekha yahA~ vicArArtha prastuta hai| -sampAdaka Apa nadI meM nahAne ke lie nikaleM aura nadI para ghATa banA ho yA nahIM, isase kitanA pharka par3a jAtA hai| ghATa banA ho, to Apa ArAma se nahA lete haiM; aura na banA ho, to phisala jAne ke Dara kI gaTharI sira para lAde Apa jaise- taise hI snAna kara pAte haiN| ghATa na banA ho, to Apa cAhate haiM ki kAza ! yahA~ ghATa hotA, to kitanA ArAma hotaa|' para agara ghATa banA huA ho, to kyA kabhI Apa usa satpuruSa ke bAre meM bhI socate haiM, jisane ghATa banAyA? nahIM socate, para isase ghATa banAnevAle kA mahattva to kama nahIM ho jaataa| isalie kalpanA kIjie ki jaina-paramparA meM aura Age calakara purANoM meM khAsakara 'bhAgavata mahApurANa' meM agara bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI smRti surakSita na hotI, to hama bhAratavAsI Aja kitane vaMcita hote? kabhI jAna hI nahIM pAte ki deza ke jJAna itihAsa ke zuruAtI daura meM, arthAt manu kI pA~cavIM pIr3hI ke AsapAsa hI eka aisA rAjA isa deza meM ho gayA, jisane rAjapATa to pUrI kuzalatA aura aklamaMdI se calAyA hI, deza meM kaI taraha se karmaNyatA aura jJAna kA prasAra kiyA hI, vaha khuda bhI aisA mahAdArzanika thA ki jisane sAbita kiyA ki 00 64 prAkRtavidyA- aktUbara-disambara '2001

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kaise isa duniyA meM rahakara bhI duniyA se Upara rahA jA sakatA hai| aura aise mahAmAnava ko agara jaina-paramparA ne 'prathama tIrthaMkara' aura bhAgavata-paramparA ne 'viSNu kA avatAra' mAnakara samAnarUpa se 'bhagavAn RSabhadeva' kaha diyA, to isameM hairAna nahIM honA caahie| para yakIna mAnie ki hamAre isa kathana ko par3hakara hara koI isa bAta para hairAna ho rahA hogA ki isameM kauna- sI naI bAta hai ki eka rAjA thA, vaha dArzanika bhI ho gayA? Akhira ambarISa bhI rAjA the aura bhakta bhI the| janaka bhI rAjA the aura brahmavettA bhI the| siddhArtha gautama bhI to buddha banane se pahale rAjakumAra the| vaise hI mahAvIra bhI jina' aura 'tIrthaMkara' banane se pahale rAjakumAra the aura agara ye donoM rAjakumAra ghara-bAra chor3akara nikala na jAte, to kyA mahAna rAjA-dArzanika na hote? __ jarUra hote; para cU~ki isa taraha ke rAjA dArzanikoM kI eka lambI-paramparA hamAre deza meM hai, isalie hameM isake pravartaka ke mahattva kA pUrA patA nahIM cala rhaa| cU~ki ghATa banA par3A hai aura hama nizcita hokara nadI meM nahA rahe haiM, isalie hameM ghATa banAnevAle ke usa mahattva kI vaisI yAda hI nahIM A rhii| ata: jisa samAja ko avyavasthA ke pralaya se nikAlane ke lie manu ne bhArata ke jJAta itihAsa meM pahalI bAra rAjA kA pada-grahaNakara samAja aura zAsana ke lie niyama banAye hoM, kahIM aisI rAjasattA niraMkuza hokara use janma denevAlI prajA para hI atyAcAra DhAne na lage, use rokane ke lie Adya-vaziSTha ne rAjadaMDa para brahmadaMDa kA saMyama or3hAne kA mahAna vicAra isa deza ko diyA ho, usa samAja meM kucha hI vakta meM eka adbhuta rAjA ho jAe, jo apane rAjadaMDa ko apane hI brahmabala se khuda hI saMyata karane kI naI paramparA kA sUtrapAta kara de, to kyA aisA pravartaka rAjA-dArzanika hamAre praNAma kA pAtra nahIM bana jAtA? cU~ki aise rAjA-dArzanikoM kI eka paramparA hamAre pAsa hai, cU~ki ghATa banA par3A hai, isalie usakA mahattva hameM usa hada taka darja nahIM ho rahA; aura jahA~ aisI paramparA nahIM hotI, aisA ghATa nahIM hotA, vahA~ aise pravartaka kA kitanA mahattva ho sakatA hai? isake lie yAda kIjie pleTo ke philaoNsaeNphara kiMga' ke vicAra ko, isa vicAra kA martarUpa bane kisI zAsaka kI pazcima ko Aja bhI talAza hai, aura patA nahIM kaba taka talAza rhegii| - hamAre deza meM aise virATa vyaktitva durlabha haiM, jo eka se adhika paramparAoM meM bhI samAnarUpa se mAnya aura pUjya hoN| bhagavAn RSabhadeva una durlabha mahApuruSoM meM se eka haiM, aura saMbhavata: sabase purAne / jahA~ jaina-paramparA unheM apane tIrthaMkaroM kI zreNI se pahalA mAnatI hai, vahA~ bhAgavata-paramparA meM unheM viSNu ke caubIsa avatAroM meM se eka mAnA gayA hai| bAkI tamAma varNana lagabhaga samAna hai| ve AgnIdharAjA ke putra nAbhi ke putra the aura unakI mAtA kA nAma 'merudevI' thA, jinheM jaina-paramparA 'marudevI' kahatI hai| jainamata meM RSabhadeva ko prathama rAjA mAnA jAtA hai, to bhAgavata-paramparA meM unheM manu se pAMcavIM pIr3hI' prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 1065

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kahA gayA hai| donoM paramparAyeM unheM 'ikSvAkuvaMzI' aura 'kosalarAja' mAnatI haiM aura samAnarUpa se kahatI haiM ki RSabhadeva ko janma se hI vilakSaNa sAmudrika-cihna prApta the aura ve zaizavakAla se hI yogavidyA meM pravINa hone lage the| jaina-paramparA para lagabhaga muhara lagAte hue aneka purANa kahate haiM ki "RSabhadeva ke putra bharata ke nAmapara isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa pdd'aa|" -(bhAgavata purANa, pA~cavA~ skaMdha, adhyAya 6, padmapurANa pA~cavA~ skaMdha, adhyAya 6, gadya zloka 7) yaha saba vivaraNa to ThIka hai| para isameM noTa karane lAyaka majedAra bAta yaha hai ki agara jaina-paramparA meM ina mahAdArzanika kI sAMsArika karmaNyazIlatA para jyAdA bala milatA hai, to bhAgavata-paramparA meM ina viziSTa rAjA kI digambaratA, unake paramahaMsa hone kI sacAI para kahIM jyAdA jora diyA gayA hai| aura jAhira hai ki bhagavAn RSabha kA pUrA paricaya ina donoM paramparAoM ko milAkara par3hane se hI ho pAtA hai| saMdeza yaha hai ki bhArata ko samajhane ke lie kisI eka paramparA yA pantha kA akelA sahArA lekara kAma nahIM cltaa| sabhI paramparAoM ko jAnanA-samajhanA hI pUre bhArata ko jAnane-samajhane kI anivArya zarta hai| masalana jaina-paramparA meM kulakaroM kI eka nAmAvali milatI hai, jisameM RSabhadeva paMdrahaveM, to unake putra bharata solahaveM kulakara mAne gae haiN| 'kulakara' eka taraha se ve viziSTa-puruSa haiM, jinhoMne sabhyatA ke vikAsa meM koI khAsa yogadAna kiyaa| sirpha namUne ke taura para jAna liyA jAe, to tIsare kulakara kSemaMkara ne pazuoM kA pAlana karanA sikhAyA, pA~caveM kulakara sImaMdhara ne sampatti kI avadhAraNA dI aura usakI vyavasthA karanA sikhAyA, gyArahaveM kulakara 'caMdrAbha' ne kuTumba kI paramparA ddaalii| isa paramparA meM pandrahaveM kulakara RSabha ne eka nahIM balki aneka vidhiyoM se samAja ko apanA adbhuta yogadAna kiyaa| 'asi' yAnI yuddhakalA, 'masi' yAnI lekhanakalA, kRSividyA', vANijya, zilpa ke pravartana ke jarie bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne samAja-jIvana meM patA nahIM kitanA kucha kara ddaalaa| kyA lagatA nahIM ki unhoMne jIvana ko lagabhaga pUrNa banA DAlA? jo loga bhArata meM lekhanakalA ko bahuta bAda meM zurU huA mAnate haiM, unake lie nivedana yaha hai ki ve kRpayA RSabhadeva kI putrI brAhmI ke bAre meM paricaya prApta kareM, jinake mAdhyama se pitA RSabhadeva ne lekhanakalA kA isa deza meM itane purAne samaya meM pravartana kara DAlA thaa| bhArata kI prAcInatama lipi ko 'brAhmI lipi' yUM hI nahIM kahA jaataa| ___ aba isase ekadama alaga haTakara bhAgavata-paramparA kI ora caleM, to vahA~ RSabhadeva ko paramavItarAga, digambara, paramahaMsa aura avadhUtarAjA ke rUpa meM jabaradasta guNagAna-zailI meM, mAno likhane vAlA sazraddha sira jhukAe baiThA ho, batAyA gayA hai| aisA nahIM ki unake sAMsArika jIvana ko lekara vahA~ koI khar3iyA pota dI gaI hai, jaise ki jaina-paramparA meM bhI RSabhadeva ke dArzanika pahalU para koI kama bala nahIM diyA gayA hai| 0066 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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agara RSabhadeva ko svIkAra hI nahIM kiyA gayA, pUjA bhI gayA, to jAhira hai ki bhagavAn RSabha ne eka aisI adbhuta-paramparA kA pravartana kiyA, jise purANoM hI nahIM, 'Rgveda' meM bhI yatra-tatra smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 'Rgveda' meM eka zabda milatA hai 'vRSabha' / vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM isakA artha hai 'zreSTha' / paraMtu zabda RSabha ho yA vRSabha, usameM uccAraNa kI suvidhA ke kAraNa koI aMtara nahIM par3atA aura bAta eka hI hai| isalie 'Rgveda' meM vRSabha yA RSabha ke zreSTha rAjA aura dArzanika hone ke adbhuta karma kA ullekha ekAdhika bAra AyA hai| eka sthAna para to RSabhadeva kA sambandha kRSi aura gopAlana ke sandarbha meM milatA hai, jo jAhira hai ki jaina-paramparA ko hI puSTa kara rahA hai| sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta to yaha hai ki jaina-paramparA ke sabhI tIrthakara meM akele bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko kezI, arthAt sira ke lambe bAloM se yukta hone ke kAraNa kezI' kahA gayA hai| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI anekoM pratimAyeM bhI aisI milI hai, jinameM unake lambe sundara keza kaMdhoM se bhI nIce taka laTaka rahe haiM aura ve svayaM digambara-avasthA meM haiN| eka pratimA kA samaya Aja se do hajAra sAla pahale kuSANakAla' meM mAnA jAtA hai| aura 'Rgveda' ke dasaveM maMDala meM eka sUkta (saMkhyA 136) sirpha 'kezI' ko lekara hai, aura usameM kezI kA bhI jo kAvyamaya varNana milatA hai, use Apa cAheM, to RSabhadeva ke vilakSaNa guNoM ke sAtha jor3akara dekha sakate haiM aura manacAhe niSkarSa nikAla sakate haiN| . to kahA~ pahu~ce? yahA~ ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva bezaka prathama tIrthaMkara haiM aura viSNu ke avatAra haiM; para unheM yaha adbhuta gaurava isa deza ke logoM ne unake dvArA kie gae isa adbhuta yogadAna ke lie diyA ki kisaprakAra eka rAjA prajA ke kalyANa kI ciMtA meM dina-rAta eka karatA huA bhI AtmajJAna kI parama-avasthA ko chU sakatA hai| unhoMne eka aisA ghATa banA diyA, jisa para calane kI apekSA Age calakara hara rAjA se kI gaI, aura kucha to usa para cale bhii| para ghATa banAnevAle kA sammAna kyA hamane kiyA? kiyaa| agara sandarbha Aja kA ho to pUchanA par3egA, kyA utanA kiyA, jitanA eka ghATa banAnevAle kA karanA hotA hai? agara nahIM kiyA to kyA bigar3A hai? deza apane pAsa hai? deza kI paramparA apane pAsa hai, RSabha kI mIThI-smRtiyA~ apane pAsa haiM, to kyoM na baneM bhagavAn RSabha hamArI Aja kI saMsad ke Adarza? prAkhabhaputra bharata : jinase milA isa deza ko apanA nAma 'bhAratavarSa Aja kucha nahIM krnaa| sirpha bhArata kA guNagAna karatA hai| bhArata kA guNagAna karanA to eka taraha se apanA hI guNagAna karanA huaa| to bhI kyA harja hai? guNagAna isIlie karanA hai kyoMki unako, una pazcimI vidvAnoM ko jo hameM sikhAne kA garUra lekara isa deza meM Ae the, unako batAnA hai ki hamAre deza kA jo nAma hai, vaha vahI kyoM hai| ve jo ahaMkAra pAle baiThe the ki isa phUhar3a (unake mutAbika) deza ke bAziMdoM ko unhoMne sikhAyA hai ki rASTra kyA hotA hai, rASTrIyatA ekatA kyA hotI hai, unheM batAnA hai ki isa deza ke purAne, kAphI . prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0067

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purAne sAhitya meM pUrI ziddata se darja hai ki bhArata nAmaka rASTra kA matalaba kyA hotA hai aura kyoM hotA hai? aura una tamAma itihAsakAroM ko bhI jinheM pazcimI vidvAnoM dvArA par3hAe gae bhAratIya itihAsa ke Ara-pAra sirpha aMdherA hI aMdherA najara AtA hai, yaha batAnA hai ki apane deza kA nAma-rUpa jAnane ke lie unheM apane deza ke bhItara hI jhAMkanA hotA hai| 'mahAbhArata' kA eka choTA sA sandarbha chor3a deM, to pUrI jaina - paramparA aura vaiSNava- paramparA meM bAra-bAra darja hai ki samudra se lekara himAlaya taka phaile isa deza kA nAma prathama tIrthaMkara dArzanika rAjA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke putra bharata ke nAma para 'bhAratavarSa' pdd'aa| 'mahAbhArata' (Adi parva 2-9) kA kahanA hai ki isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa usa bharata ke nAma para par3A, jo duSyanta aura zakuntalA kA putra kuruvaMzI rAjA thaa| para isake atirikta jisa bhI purANa meM bhAratavarSa kA vivaraNa hai, vahA~ ise RSabha ke putra bharata ke nAma para hI par3A batAyA gayA hai / 'vAyupurANa' kahatA hai ki isase pahale bhAratavarSa kA nAma himavarSa thA, jabaki 'bhAgavata purANa' meM isakA purAnA nAma 'ajanAbhavarSa' batAyA gayA hai| ho sakatA hai ki donoM hoM aura isake alAvA bhI kucha nAma calate aura haTate rahe hoM, taba taka jaba taka ki 'bhAratavarSa' nAma par3A aura kramaza: sAre deza meM svIkArya hotA calA gyaa| Apa khuza hoM yA hAtha jhAr3ane ko taiyAra ho jAyeM, para Aja purANa-prasaMgoM ko zabdaza: par3hanA hI hogaa| jinameM isa deza ke nAma bAre meM eka hI bAta bAra-bAra likhI hai / apane deza ke nAma kA mAmalA hai na? to sahI bAta patA bhI to rahanI cAhie / I 'bhAgavata purANa' (skandha 5, adhyAya 4 ) kahatA hai ki bhagavAn RSabha ko apanI karmabhUmi ajanAbhavarSa meM 100 putra prApta hue, jinameM se jyeSTha putra mahAyogI bharata ko unhoMne apanA rAjya diyA aura unhIM ke nAma se loga ise bhAratavarSa kahane lage - "yeSAM khalu mahAyogI bharato jyeSThaH zreSThaguNa AsId yenedaM varSaM bhAratamiti vyapadizanti / " do adhyAya bAda isI bAta ko phira se doharAyA gayA hai / 'viSNupurANa' (aMza 2, adhyAya 1 ) kahatA hai ki jaba RSabhadeva ne nagna hokara vanaprasthAna kiyA, to apane jyeSTha putra bharata ko uttarAdhikAra diyA, jisase isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa par3a gayA -- RSabhAd bharato jajJe jyeSThaH putrazatasya sa: (zloka 28 ), abhiSicya sutaM vIraM bharataM pRthvIpati: ( 29 ), nagno vIrAM mukhe kRtvA vIrAdhvAnaM tato gata: (31), tatazca bhArataM varSam etad lokeSu gIyate ( 32 ) / 'liMgapurANa' dekhA jaae| ThIka isI bAta ko 47-21-24 meM dUsare zabdoM meM doharAyA gayA hai--"so'bhicintyAtha RSabho bharataM putravatsalaH / jJAnavairAgyamAzritya jitvendriya mahoragAn / himAdrerdakSiNaM varSaM bharatasya nyavedayat / tasmAttu bhArataM varSa tasya nAmnA vidurbudhAH / " yAnI (saMkSepa meM) indriyarUpI sA~poM para vijaya pAkara RSabha ne himAlaya ke dakSiNa meM jo rAjya bhArata ko diyA, to isa deza kA nAma taba se 'bhAratavarSa' par3a gyaa| isI bAta ko 68 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001

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prakArAntara se vAyupurANa' aura 'brahmANDapurANa' meM bhI kahA gayA hai| agara jaina aura bhAgavata donoM paramparAyeM bharata ke nAma para isa deza ko 'bhAratavarSa' kahatI haiM, to usake pIche kI vilakSaNatA kI khoja karanA videzI vidvAnoM ke vaza kA nahIM, dezI vidvAnoM kI tar3apa hI isakI preraNA bana sakatI hai| para kyA kahIM na kahIM isakA saMbaMdha isa bAta se jur3A najara nahIM AtA ki yaha deza usI vyaktitva ko sira A~khoM para biThAtA hai jo aizvarya kI hada taka pahu~cakara bhI jIvana ko sAMsArika nahIM, balki AdhyAtmika-sAdhanA ke lie homa kara detA hai? ____jAhira hai ki RSabhaputra bharata ke nAma para jaba isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa par3A hogA, to dhIre-dhIre hI pUre deza ko yaha nAma svIkArya ho pAyA hogaa| eka sar3aka yA galI kA nAma hI svIkArya aura yAda hone meM varSoM le letA hai, to phira eka deza kA nAma to sadiyoM kI yAtrA pAra karatA huA svIkArya huA hogA, taba bhI vaha jaba saMcAra-sAdhana Aja jaise to bilakula hI nahIM the| para lagatA hai ki 'mahAbhArata' taka Ate-jAte isa nAma ko akhila bhAratIya svIkRti hI nahIM mila gaI thI, balki isake sAtha bhAvanAoM kA riztA bhI bhAratIyoM ke mana meM kahIM gahare utara cukA thaa| Upara kaI taraha ke purANasaMdarbha to isake pramANa haiM hI, khuda 'mahAbhArata' ke 'bhISma parva' ke nauveM adhyAya ke cAra zloka agara hama uddhata nahIM kareMge, to pAThakoM se mahAn anyAya kara rahe hoNge| dhRtarASTra se saMvAda karate hue, unake mantrI, jinheM hama Ajakala thor3A halke mUDa meM 'mahAbhArata kA yuddha-saMvAdadAtA' kaha diyA . karate haiM, saMjaya kahate haiM atra te varNayiSyAmi varSa bhArata-bhAratam / priyaM indrasya devasya mano: vaivasvatasya c|| pRthozca rAjan vainyasya tathekSvAko: mahAtmanaH / yayAte: ambarISasya mAndhAtuH nahuSasya c|| tathaiva mucukundasya zibe: auzInarasya c| RSabhasya tathailasya nRgasya nRptestthaa|| anyeSAM ca mahArAja kSatriyANAM balIyasAm / sarveSAmeva rAjendrapriyaM bhArata-bhAratam / / arthAt he mahArAja dhRtarASTra! aba maiM Apako batAU~gA ki yaha bhAratadeza sabhI rAjAoM ko bahuta hI priya rahA hai| indra isa deza ke dIvAne the, to vivasvAn ke putra manu isa deza se bahuta pyAra karate the| yayAti hoM yA ambarISa, mAndhAtA rahe hoM yA nahuSa, mucukunda, zibi, RSabha yA mahArAja nRga rahe hoM, ina sabhI rAjAoM ko tathA inake alAvA jitane bhI mahAn balavAn rAjA isa deza meM hue, una sabako bhAratadeza bahuta priya rahA hai| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, 'bhAratagAthA', niSThA prakAzana, naI dillI, pRSTha 30-37) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 .00 69

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keralI-saMskRti meM jaina-yogadAna -rAjamala jaina dakSiNa-bhArata meM jaina-saMskRti ke prAcIna-pramANoM se prAya: loga paricita nahIM haiN| vaise to anekoMjana jaina-pratimAoM ko kiMcit sAdRzya ke kAraNa bauddha-pratimAoM ke rUpa meM ghoSita kara dete haiN| jainoM kA vigata DeDha-do zatAbdiyoM meM vyApAra-kendrita-jIvana bana jAne se unakI saMskRti, sAhitya aura purAtattva Adi ke sAtha jo anucita-vyavahAra huA hai, ve yA to usase anabhijJa bane rahe aura yA phira unhoMne isa dizA meM koI pratikAra karane kI ceSTA hI nahIM kii| isa upekSA ke kAraNa lekhana evaM prasAra mAdhyamoM meM jainatva kI ghora-upekSA huI hai| naitika, sAmAjika, AdhyAtmika jIvana, bhASA-sAhitya evaM zilpa Adi vividha kSetroM meM jo jainadharma evaM saMskRti kA prAcIna kerala meM prabhAva rahA hai, ise bhalIbhA~ti sapramANa rekhAMkita karane kA sArthaka prayAsa vidvAn lekhaka ne isa Alekha meM kiyA hai| jijJAsuoM evaM manISiyoM--sabhI ke lie yaha Alekha paThanIya evaM mananIya hai| -sampAdaka eka jaina-lekhaka ke lie uparyukta viSaya para kalama calAnA zAyada apane mu~ha miyAM miThU' banane ke samAna laga sakatA hai; kintu jaba yaha sunane ko milatA hai ki kerala ke jIvana para jainadharma kI koI chApa nahIM hai, to adhika kaSTa hotA hai ki prAcInakAla kI sabala jaina-paramparA ko kisaprakAra zUnya kara diyA gayA hai? isakAraNa yahA~ saMkSepa meM isa yogadAna kI carcA kI jaayegii| pakSapAta ke doSa se bacane ke lie saMbaMdhita-srota yA lekhaka kA nAma bhI de diyA gayA hai| prAkRta : malayAlama aura prAcIna tamila prAcInakAla meM jaina-zAstroM kI priyabhASA 'prAkRta' ne 'malayAlama' ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| yahI nahIM, maNipravAla-bhASA-zailI tathA saMskRta ke prayoga meM bhI jaina agraNI rahe haiN| kucha 'prAkRta-zabda' to Aja bhI malayAlama' meM pracalita haiN| kerala gajeTiyara ke khaMDa 2, pR0 236 para yaha mata vyakta kiyA gayA hai, "The impact of the Jain terminology on Malayalam is detected by the presence of loan words from Jain Prakrits of Ardhamagadhi, Jain Maharastri and Jain Sauraseni. Achuthan (Accuda), Astamavam (Atthamava), Ambujam (ambuya), Ayan (Aya), Jagam (Jaga), Yogi (Jogi), Narayam (Naraya), Nivati (Nitval), Pankajam 1070 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 ra'2001

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(Pamkava), Makaviram (Magasira), Vairam (Vavara, Vivegikku (Vivega), Vedivan (Veddiava) are some such words." tamila-sahita draviDa-bhASAoM para jaina-prabhAva dakSiNa-bhArata kI prAdezika bhASAoM ke prayoga aura vikAsa meM jainoM kI pramukha bhUmikA rahI hai- yaha tathya sabhI niSpakSa-bhASAvid acchI taraha jAnate haiN| saMskRta kA prAdhAnya, vizeSakara kerala meM, bahuta bAda kI bAta hai| brAhmaNa-varga ne to saMskRta ko apane lie surakSita rakhA thaa| kerala ke atyaMta sammAnita samAja-sudhAraka zrI caTTampi svAmI aura nArAyaNa guru kA saMgharSa isakA udAharaNa hai| prAcIna tamila-sAhitya bhI kerala kI bahumUlya-virAsata hai| usake saMpoSaNa meM jainoM kA bahuta bar3A yogadAna rahA hai| gajeTiyara ke pR0 235-236 para ThIka hI likhA hai fas, "The earliest votaries of Dravidian literature have been Jains. Robert Caldwell most pertinently remarks 'Doubtless The Jains themselves used Sanskrit i southern as in northern India at the commencement of their work as teachers. ' (probably for a century or two before) they set themselves to the task of developing amongst each of the Dravidian races a popular literature independent of their rivals the Brahmins. ..."Some of the oldest Tamil works extant were written or claimed to have been written by the Jains. The Naladiyar and the Kural are said to belong to the Jain cycle in the history of Tamil literature. Some scholars arrived at this conclusion from the internalevidence of the works themselves.Caldwell is of the view that "Tamil is indebted for its high culture and its comparative independence of Sanskrit chiefly to the Jains." jaina-muniyoM, dharma-pracArakoM Adi dvArA kSetrIya-bhASAoM ke vikAsa aura prayoga kA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki unhoMne prAkRta ko devavANI' Adi nahIM kahA, balki isake viparIta unhoMne saMbaMdhita-kSetra kI bhASA ko apanAyA aura usI meM apanA upadeza Adi dene ke sAtha hI sAtha usameM bahumUlya-sAhitya kA sRjana bhI kiyaa| kannar3a aura tamila ke prAcIna koza, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, mahAkAvya Adi isake pramANa haiN| tamila kA upadezAtmaka yA nItiparaka-vipula-sAhitya jainoM kI vizeSa dena hai| vaha bhI kerala kI virAsata hai| yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki isa sAhityika-nidhi ko anya kisI dharma kI dena batalAne kI pravRtti bhI dekhI jAtI hai| na to pichalI sadiyoM meM aura na hI Ajakala jaina-muniyoM ne prAkRta meM hI apanA yA mahAvIra kA saMdeza sunane kA kabhI Agraha kiyaa| jaina-muni ke lie yaha vidhAna bhI hai ki ve anya bhASAyeM sIkheM aura lokabhASA meM upanA upadeza deN| vAstava meM jaina-saMgha sadA hI loka-bhASAoM kA prabala pakSadhara rahA hai| malayAlama bhASA meM keralacaritram' (kerala kA itihAsa) do vRhadAkAra khaMDoM meM kerala hisTrI esosiezana' dvArA prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| usameM (pR0 1023-24) bhI jainoM ke yogadAna kI carcA hai| kiMtu jainadharma ke sAtha bauddhadharma kA bhI nAma jor3A gayA hai| yaha prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 . 00 71

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vicAraNIya hai ki bauddhadharma to kerala se sAtavIM aura nauvIM sadI ke bIca hI lupta ho gayA thaa| jo bhI ho, isa itihAsa ke kucha aMza isaprakAra haiM, "jaina-bauddhadharmoM ke prAbalya ke sAtha kerala meM Ayurveda cikitsA paddhati ko puSTi milii|" jaina-bauddha-sanyAsiyoM ne nAnAprakAra ke zAstra-graMthoM kA kerala meM pracAra kiyA / kuMjikuTTana - taMpUrAna apane 'keralam kAvya' ke dvitIya sarga meM likhate haiM, "bauddha- jainiyoM ne apane yoga-bala se aneka siddhiyA~ prApta kI thIM aura apane vaidyaka-jyotiSa Adi zAstroM se saMbaMdhita pustakoM kI racanA kii| kerala ke brAhmaNoM ne inakA paricaya jaina-bauddha graMthoM se prApta kiyA thA / " kuMjikuTTana - taMpUrAna kA yaha mata gaura karane yogya hai ki " malayAlI-brAhmaNoM ne jyotiSa, amarakoSa, jyotirgaNita, Ayurveda Adi vidyAoM kA jJAna jainiyoM aura bauddhoM se pAyA thaa| isalie unake prati keralI-brAhmaNoM ne virodha kA pradarzana nahIM kiyA; kiMtu anunaya -anuraMjana ke dvArA unheM apane vaza meM karane kA prayatna kiyA thaa|" taMpUrAna kA kahanA hai ki "taccoM (tacca-baDhaI) dvArA pracAra kiyA gayA 'taccazAstra' (baDhaIgirI kA graMtha), kaNiyAna-jAti dvArA pracArita jyotiSa, velana-jAti dvArA pracArita vaidyakazAstra kerala meM atiprAcInakAla se calI A rahI paraMparA para AdhArita hai / " taMpUrAna kA samaya unnIsavIM sadI kA aMta aura bIsavIM sadI kA prAraMbha hai| isalie unake mata ke sAtha bauddhadharma kI saMgati nahIM baiThatI hai| ina ullikhita viSayoM kI carcA isI adhyAya meM Age kI jAyegI / dAmpatya-saMbaMdha pati-patnI-saMbaMdha kA Adarza bhI jaina - saMskRti kI eka mahattvapUrNa dena kerala ko hai isa saMbaMdha meM uparyukta 'keralacaritram' ke pR0 1098 para yaha mata vyakta kiyA gayA hai, "dAmpatya-saMbaMdha meM ekapatnI aura ekapatitva kA prAraMbha kaba se huA, isake saMbaMdha meM koI nizcita - mata nirdhArita karanA kaThina hai| kerala meM jainadharma ke prabhAva ne isa dizA meM apanA aMzadAna kiyA hogaa| 'zilappAdikAram' meM varNita dAmpatya - lakSaNa meM aihika sukhoM se virakti kA jainadarzana parilakSita hotA hai, jisameM dAmpatya-rati daihika na hokara AdhyAtmika-stara para varNita hai| isa kAvya meM spaSTa saMketa milatA hai ki strI-puruSa saMyoga meM laiMgikatA kI apekSA Atmika evaM daivI - chAyA kA honA adhika vAMchanIya hai|" yahA~ itanA hI ullekha kiyA jAtA hai 'zilappAdikAram' meM jaina-zrAvikA 'kaNNagI' aura usake prati 'kovalana' kI karuNa kahAnI hai, jo ki Aja bhI kerala ke janamAnasa para chAI huI hai| yaha mahAkAvya ceravaMza ke yuvarAjapAda ilaMgo aDikala kI amara kRti hai| kerala ko usa para garva hai| usakA aneka bhASAoM meM anuvAda ho cukA hai| ilaMgo jaina sAdhu ho gae the| unakA samaya IsA kI dUsarI sadI hai| adhika vivaraNa evaM tathyoM ke lie dekhie 'koDaMgallUra' nAmaka pustk| - punarjanma kA siddhAMta apane zubha aura azubha- -karmoM ke 00 72 anusAra pratyeka prANI ko taba taka janma aura maraNa prAkRtavidyAaktUbarara-disambara 2001

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kA du:kha sahana karanA par3atA hai, jaba taka ki vaha svayaM tapa kara mokSa prApta na kara le| isa du:kha se use koI Izvara nahIM bacA sakatA, use svayaM hI Atma-kalyANa kI rAha para calanA hotA hai| kerala meM punarjanma ke siddhAMta meM vyApaka vizvAsa bhI jaina-siddhAMtoM ke vyApaka-pracAra kA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai| keralacaritram' ke zabdoM meM, "IsvI AThavIM-navIM zatAbdI meM pracalita jainadharma ke siddhAMtoM ke anusAra jo jIva ihaloka ke sukhoM se atRpta hokara mara jAtA hai, usakA punarjanma hotA hai|" - (pR0 1131) zikSA kA prAraMbha 'namostu jina' se 'prAkRta' aura 'malayAlama'-saMbaMdhI adhyAya meM yaha kucha vistAra se batAyA gayA hai ki kerala meM baccoM kI zikSA kA prAraMbha nAnA monA' se zurU hotA thA, jisakA artha namostu' hai| kiMtu isa saMbaMdha meM yaha yAda rakhane yogya hai ki isa zabda kA vAstavika saMbaMdha jaina-paramparA se hai| bauddha to 'zaraNam' taka sImita rahate the| kheda kI bAta hai ki bauddhadharma ke mAnanevAle amarasiMha ne 'amarakoSa' meM 'jina' zabda kA kevala buddhadharma-saMgata paryAya dekara jainadharma ke sAtha nyAya nahIM kiyaa| jina' zabda buddha se bhI prAcInakAla se jaina-devatA yA tIrthaMkara ke artha meM prayukta hotA A rahA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM svayaM gautamabuddha kA kathana jinaniketana zrImUlavAsam' nAmaka prakaraNa meM dekhie| 'kerala gajeTiyara' ne bhI amarakoSa' kA paryAya doharA diyA aisA lagatA hai| usake pR0 241 para yaha ullekha hai, "It was the practice in Kerala to initiate first lessons in reading and writing with the ceremonial invocation of Jina or Buddha. Namostu.. Jina was later on replaced by the Brahmin gurus as Hari Sri Ganapathaye Nama." pAThaka svayaM vicAra kara sakate haiM ki 'jaina' zabda hI 'jina' se banA hai tathA jo jainoM ke paraspara abhivAdana se paricita haiM, unheM yaha jJAta hogA ki jaina eka-dUsare se milane para jayajineMdra kA hI prayoga karate haiN| buddha ke lie jina' zabda adhika nahIM claa| kerala meM to unakA mata kabhI kA luptaprAya: ho cukA thaa| zikSA ke kSetra meM jainoM kA yogadAna kerala meM Aja bhI skUla ke artha meM pracalita zabda 'paLaLikkUTam' se bhI sUcita hai| kerala ke jaina maMdiroM, maThoM ke sAtha vidyAlaya huA karate the aura bhArata ke aneka sthAnoM para Aja bhI hote haiM / ilaMgo ar3igala usIprakAra ke maTha yA maMdira meM nivAsa karate the| iriMgAlakuDA' kA bharata-maMdira, jo ki kisI samaya jainamaMdira thA, vidyA kA eka prasiddha-kendra thaa| vaidika-skUla 'zAlai' kahalAte the| Ayurveda aura jaina ___kerala meM Ayurveda kA bahuta pracAra hai jo ki balavatI prAcIna-paraMparA kA pariNAma hai| isa zAstra ke adhyayana meM aSTAMgahRdaya nAmaka graMtha kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| usake racayitA vAgbhaTTa bauddha the, aisA mAnA kiyA jAtA hai| kiMtu isa mata kI samIkSA Avazyaka hai| - jainadharma meM tIrthaMkara kI vANI ko bAraha aMgoM meM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| usake bArahaveM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0073

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aMga kA nAma 'dRSTivAda' hai| usake eka bheda 'pUrva' ke aMtargata prANAvAya meM aSTAMgahRdaya Ayurveda kA vistAra se varNana hai| 'AcArya - dezabhUSaNa - abhinaMdana - graMtha' meM eka lekha 'Ayurveda ke viSaya meM jaina-dRSTikoNa aura jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna' meM AyurvedAcArya rAjakumAra jaina ne 'prANAvAya' kI paribhASA nimnaprakAra uddhRta kI hai "kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMga - Ayurveda - bhUtakarmajAMgulipramaH prANApAnavibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa varNitastatprANAvAyam" arthAt jisa zAstra meM kAya, tadgata doSa aura unakI cikitsA Adi aSTAMga - Ayurveda Adi, pRthvI Adi paMcamahAbhUtoM ke karma, viSaile jIva-jaMtuoM ke viSa kA prabhAva aura usakI cikitsA tathA prANa apAna vAyu kA vibhAga vistArapUrvaka varNita ho, vaha 'prANAvAya' hotA hai|" isa atyaMta prAcIna paribhASA meM 'aSTAMga Ayurveda' kA ullekha spaSTarUpa se hai / ata: isa nAma ke graMtha ke jaina hone kI saMbhAvanA banatI hai| - Ayurvedika-cikitsA binA mAMsa aura azuci - padArthoM ke sevana ke bhI kI jA sakatI hai, yaha siddha karane ke lie jaina AcArya ugrAditya ne 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka vaidyaka-graMtha kI racanA kI thii| usakA bhI dakSiNa bhArata meM Adara hai / isa graMtha meM 'aSTAMgahRdaya' ko "samaMtabhadraiH proktaM" arthAt samaMtabhadra dvArA kathana kiyA gayA kahA gayA hai| isase bhI 'aSTAMgahRdaya' jaina-graMtha hai - aisA sUcita hotA hai / paMdrahavIM sadI meM 'AzAdhara' nAma ke eka jaina vidvAn hue haiM, jinhoMne jaina-gRhasthoM aura jaina-muniyoM ke AcAra ke viSaya meM 'sAgAra - dharmAmRta' aura 'anagAra - dharmAmRta' nAmaka do graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| Upara ullikhita abhinaMdana graMtha meM DaoN0 tejasiMha gaur3a ne apane lekha 'jaina-saMtoM kI Ayurveda ko dena' meM AzAdhara ke saMbaMdha meM yaha sUcanA dI hai, "inhoMne vAgbhaTa ke prasiddha graMtha 'aSTAMgahRdaya' para 'udyoginI' yA 'aSTAMgahRdayadyotinI' TIkA likhI thii|" AzAdhara kI graMtha - prazasti meM isakA ullekha hai-- AyurvedavidAmiSTaM vyaktu vAgbhaTasaMhitA / aSTAMgahRdayodyotaM nibaMdhamasRjaccayaH / / uparyukta ullekhoM ko dekhate hue vidvAnoM ko isa graMtha ke jaina-graMtha hone kI saMbhAvanA para bhI vicAra karanA cAhie / 'rasavaizeSikasUtram' aura nAgArjuna kerala ke Ayurvedika kaoNleja meM 'rasavaizeSikasUtram' nAma kA eka graMtha par3hAyA jAtA hai aura usake kartA dUsarI sadI ke bauddha - AcArya nAgArjuna haiM-- aisA mAnA jAtA hai| kiMtu isI graMtha kI zrI zaMkara - likhita 'bhUmikA' meM yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki yaha racanA sAtavIM sadI ke kisI bauddha malayAlI - lekhaka kI hai, jisakA nAma bhI nAgArjuna thaa| isa bhUmikA meM bhI bauddha aura jainadharma-saMbaMdhI bhrAMti parilakSita hotI hai / bhUmikA - lekhaka ne kerala meM bauddha-aMzadAna kA udAharaNa dete hue likhA hai ki 'cirAtala' nAma ke gA~va ke pAsa bauddha-avazeSa dekhe jA sakate haiN| vahA~ bauddha nahIM, apitu jaina- avazeSa haiN| isa gA~va ke pAsa 00 74 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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kI jisa pahAr3I para ye avazeSa haiM, vaha 'tiruccAraNaTTamalai' kahalAtI hai arthAt 'cAraNoM kI pavitra-pahAr3I', jo ki kisI samaya jainoM ke lie pAvApurI ke samAna pavitra-sthAna thii| aba vahA~ kA 'guphA maMdira' bhagavatI-maMdira kahalAtA hai; kiMtu usameM mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha aura aMbikAdevI kI pratimAyeM Aja bhI dekhI jA sakatI haiN| isake atirikta vahA~ kI caTTAna para lagabhaga tIna jaina-pratimAyeM utkIrNa haiM / aisA saMbhavata: jina-mUrtiyoM-saMbaMdhI jJAna ke abhAva ke kAraNa hotA hai| vahA~ ke pujArI bhI una pratimAoM ko buddha kI mUrti' batalAte haiN| zvetAmbara AcArya hastImalajI ne vRhadAkAra-graMtha 'jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa' meM nAgArjuna nAmaka eka jaina-AcArya kA paricaya diyA hai, jisakI kucha pramukha bAteM isaprakAra haiM-- "AcArya nAgArjuna ne prAraMbha se hI prabala sAhasI hone ke kAraNa parvatoM kI guphAoM evaM jaMgaloM meM ghUma-ghUma kara vanavAsI mahAtmAoM ke saMsarga se vanaspatiyoM, jar3iyoM aura rasAyanoM dvArA rasa banAnA sIkha liyaa|" unakI jIvanI meM Age kahA gayA hai ki "eka dina nAgArjuna ne apane guru pAdalipta sUri ko svarNa banAne, pairoM meM lepa lagAkara gagana meM vihAra Adi dvArA prabhAvita karane kA bhI upakrama kiyA thaa| isa para sUrijI ne nAgArjuna ko samajhAyA ka "ve sAMsArika vibhUtiyoM ke pralobhana se dUra rahakara apanI AtmA ke kalyANa kA mArga apnaaveN|" nAgArjuna ne vaisA hI kiyaa| unakA samaya guptavaMzI caMdragupta prathama aura samudragupta kA samaya batAyA hai arthAt cauthI sadI IsvI kA pUrvArddha / AcArya nAgArjuna ne dakSiNApatha ke zramaNa yA jaina-sAdhuoM ko bhI ekatrita kiyA thaa| kyA yaha saMbhava nahIM ki 'rasavaizeSika sUtram' inhI kI kRti ho| yaha bhI smaraNIya hai ki ukta sadI meM tamilagam' meM jainadharma kA atyadhika prabhAva thaa| isa prazna para zodha kI AvazyakatA hai, vizeSakara kerala ke kavi kuMjikuTaTana taMpUrAna ke isa kathana ke prakAza meM ki "kerala ke brAhmaNoM ne vaidyaka kA jJAna jainoM se bhI prApta kiyA thaa|" prastuta lekhaka ne uparyukta do graMthoM kA hI sarasarI- taura para adhyayana kiyA thaa| anya graMthoM para bhI jaina-prabhAva kI saMbhAvanA-saMbaMdhI khoja honI caahie| pUjyapAda ke vaidyaka-saMbaMdhI prayoga ArA (bihAra) se prakAzita vaidyasArasaMgraha' nAmaka graMtha meM prakAzita haiN| jyotiSa aura jaina kuMjikuTTana taMpUrAna kA yaha mata bhI samIcIna hai ki kerala ke brAhmaNoM ne jyotiSa kA jJAna jainoM se bhI prApta kiyA thaa| kerala ke jyotiSa-itihAsa meM hI nahIM, apitu bhAratIya-jyotiSa ke itihAsa meM bhI jainoM kA bahumUlya yogadAna hai| sva0 DaoN0 nemicaMdra jyotiSAcArya ne 'bhAratIya-jyotiSa' kA eka vistRta graMtha likhA hai, jisake caudaha saMskaraNa prakAzita ho cuke haiN| unhoMne kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNi' nAmaka prazna-jyotiSa ke eka prAcIna-graMtha kI bhUmikA meM kerala meM lokapriya prazna-jyotiSa Adi ke saMbaMdha meM jo tathya die haiM, unakA saMkSipta ullekha yahA~ uddhRta hai| ve likhate haiM, "DaoN0 zyAma zAstrI ne vedAMga-jyotiSa kI bhUmikA meM batAyA hai prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 75

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ki vedAMga-jyotiSa ke vikAsa meM jaina-jyotiSa kA bar3A bhArI sahayoga hai, binA jaina-jyotiSa ke adhyayana ke vedAMga-jyotiSa kA adhyayana adhUrA hI kahA jaayegaa| bhAratIya prAcIna-jyotiSa meM jainAcAryoM ke siddhAMta atyaMta hI mahattvapUrNa haiN|" vizeSakara dakSiNa bhArata ke saMbaMdha meM unakI sUcanA hai ki AryabhaTTa ne bhI jaina-yuga kI utsarpiNI' aura 'avasarpiNI'-saMbaMdhI kAlagaNanA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| pAMDya-rASTra meM AcArya sarvanaMdI ne gaNita-jyotiSa kA graMtha likhA thaa| kannar3a meM 'lIlAvatI' nAmaka graMtha prasiddha hai| DaoN0 nemicaMdra kA kathana hai ki "jainAcAryoM ne jyotiSa aura gaNita-saMbaMdhI graMthoM kI racanA saMskRta, prAkRta, kannar3a, tamila evaM malayAlama Adi bhASAoM meM bhI kI hai|" uparyukta 'cUr3AmaNi' kI prastAvanA meM prazna-jyotiSa kA vikAsakrama batAte hue DaoN0 nemicaMdra ne isa viSaya kA prathama jaina-graMtha 'arhaccUr3AmaNisAra' ko batAyA hai aura use AcArya bhadrabAhu kI kRti mAnA hai| ve likhate haiM ki arhaccacUr3AmaNisAra' ke pazcAt graMthoM kI paramparA bahuta joroM se clii| dakSiNa-bhArata meM prazna-nirUpaNa karane kI praNAlI akSaroM para hI AdhArita thii| 5-6 zatI meM caMdronmIlana' nAmaka prazna graMtha banAyA gayA hai| jainoM kI pA~cavIM-chaThI zatAbdI kI yaha praNAlI bahuta prasiddha thI, isalie isa praNAlI ko hI loga 'caMdronmIlana praNAlI' kahane lage the| caMdronmIlana ke vyApaka pracAra ke kAraNa ghabar3Akara dakSiNa-bhArata meM kerala' nAmaka praNAlI nikAlI gayI hai| keralapraznasaMgraha' keralapraznaratna, keralapraznatattvasaMgraha Adi keralIya prazna-graMthoM meM caMdronmIlana ke vyApaka pracAra kA khaMDana kiyA hai--"proktaM caMdonmIlanaM dikvastraistaccAzaddham" / pAThaka svayaM dekha sakate haiM ki yahA~ isa uddharaNa meM yaha kaha diyA gayA hai ki caMdronmIlana kA kathana dikvastroM ne kiyA hai, vaha azuddha hai| 'dikvastra' kA artha hai 'dizA hI jinake vastra haiM' arthAt digambara-jaina mani / kerala meM eka graMtha 'praznacUr3AmaNi' nAmaka kA bhI milatA hai| vaha bhI jyotiSAcArya ke anusAra jainaAcArya dvArA praNIta ho sakatA hai ! usake aMta meM "OM zAnti zrI jinAya nama:" likhA hai| DaoN0 nemicaMdra ke anusAra kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNi' kA racanAkAla 13vIM sadI kA madhyabhAga ho sakatA hai tathA usake racayitA samaMtabhadra haiM, jo ki Ayurveda aura jyotiSa ke vidvAn the| ve kA~cI ke samaMtabhadra se bhinna haiN|" zAkAhAra kerala ke logoM ke AcAra-vicAra ke saMbaMdha meM jainadharma ke prabhAva kA vizleSaNa keralacaritram' meM upalabdha hai| vaha isaprakAra hai- "hiMduoM ke AcAra-vicAra meM bauddhajainadharmoM kA kAphI prabhAva milatA hai| mAMsAhAra kA varjana isameM pramukha hai|" - (pR0 323) isaliye mAMsAhAra ke varjana kA zreya jainadharma ko hI diyA jAnA caahie| itihAsakAra zrIdhara menana ne likhA hai ki kerala aThArahavIM sadI taka zAkAhArI rhaa| bauddhadharma to kerala se isa sadI se lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa pUrva hI kerala se lupta ho cukA thaa| jisa dharma ke loga mAMsa khAte hoM, use zAkAhAra kA zreya kaise diyA jA sakatA hai? 0076 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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aSTa maMgala-dravya kerala meM tAlappoli' nAma ke eka utsava meM aSTamaMgala-dravyoM kA prayoga bhI jaina-prabhAva kI sUcanA detA hai| DaoN0 ke0ke0 ena0kurupa ne bhagavatI aura anya maMdiroM meM isa utsava ke saMbaMdha meM yaha mata prakaTa kiyA hai, "The cult of talappoli in shrines and Bhagavati temples of Kerala is a legacy in which the Jains had their contribution in shrines of Kavus of North Malabar where Tayyattam of Bhagavati is performed, the practice of virgin is also observed in festivals. The virgin girls who had observed several rituals like holy bath and clad in white clothes proceed with Talappoli before the Teyyam of Bhagavati; In festival and other occasions the eight auspicious articles like umbrella, conch, swastik, purna kumbha and mirror are provided for prosperity and happiness as a tradition. This custom is also relating to Jainism." (P.9, Aspects of Kerala History and Culture) " jaina-vidhi-vidhAna aura sthApatya-kalA se paricita yaha jAna sakeMge ki jainadharma meM aSTamaMgala-dravyoM kA bar3A mahattva hai| mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle' se prApta IsA kI pahalI-dUsarI sadI kI kucha jaina-pratimAoM ke sAtha yA jaina-AyAgapaTa ke rUpa meM ina hI aSTamaMgala-dravyoM kA aMkana pAyA gayA hai| kalA aura sthApatya __ina kSetroM meM bhI kerala ke jaina zAyada sabase agraNI rahe haiN| 'kuNavAyilakoTTam' kA jaina maMdira, jise Daca-logoM ne naSTa kiyA batAyA jAtA hai, kerala ke maMdiroM yahA~ taka ki vahA~ ki masjidoM ke nirmANa ke lie Adarza thaa| malAbAra menuala khaMDa 1, pR0 218 meM viliyama logansa ne isa saMbaMdha meM likhA hai-- "The Jains do, however, seem to have left behind one of their peculiar styles of temple architecture, for the Hindu temples and even Muhammadanmosques of Malabar are all built in the style peculiar to the Jains, as it is still to been seen in the Jain Bastis at Mudbidri and other places in the South Canara district." maMdiroM kI isa zailI ke saMbaMdha meM logansa ne prasiddha purAtattvavettA phargusana kA yaha mata uddhata kiyA hai ki mUDabidrI yA tulu-pradeza ke lagabhaga sabhI maMdira jainoM ke haiN| unakI nirmANa-zailI na to draviDa hai aura na hI uttara-bhAratIya; balki usakA sAmya nepAla ke maMdiroM se adhika hai| inake staMbha aise lagate haiM, mAnoM lakar3I ke caukora laTThe hI hoM aura barAmadoM kI DhalavAM chateM kASTha-maMdiroM kA smaraNa dilAtI haiN| logansa ne isa zailI kI vyApakatA kanyAkumArI taka batAI hai| masjideM bhI isI zailI meM kyoM banIM? - isakA kAraNa bhI logansa ne yaha batAyA hai ki nau masjideM to jaina-maMdiroM ke sthAna para banI haiN| unake sAtha maMdiroM kI bhUmi bhI masjidoM ko de dI gii| pahale maMdiroM ko jyoM kA tyoM upayoga meM lAyA gayA; kiMtu bAda meM yahI zailI apanA lI gii| kerala meM jainoM ne (footprints), caraNoM, guhA-maMdiroM, (cave temples), zilA-zayyAoM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 077

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(rock-beds), chatarInumA zilAcchAdita samAdhi-sthaloM (TopI kallu Topikallu, kudakkal) Adi kA bhI nirmANa kiyA aura mUrtikalA meM bhI yatheSTa yogadAna kiyaa| zrI e0 zrIdhara menana apanI pustaka Social and Cultural History of Kerala meM likhate haiM-- "The Jain relics form an important part of the sculptural heritage of Kerala." aneka jaina-maMdira masjidoM ke rUpa meM pariNata kara die ge| isIprakAra aneka jaina-maMdira Aja ziva, viSNu athavA bhagavatI-maMdira ke rUpa meM parivartita hai| jaina-kalA aura sthApatya kA Akalana karate samaya inako bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA ucita hogaa| isameM eka kaThinAI yaha bhI AtI hai ki spaSTa saMketoM ke hote hue bhI inake saMbaMdha meM kucha kathAyeM.pracalita kara dI gaI haiM aura itihAsa dhUmila ho gayA hai| maMdiroM kI bahulatA jainoM ke kAraNa yaha sabhI jAnate haiM ki prAcIna samaya meM aura kucha aMzoM meM Aja bhI vaidika-dharma kA mukhya-lakSaNa yajJa karanA rahA hai| isake lie yajJazAlAyeM huA karatI thIM, jabaki jaina-loga mUrtiyoM kI pUjA karate the aura aba bhI karate haiN| isake lie maMdiroM kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA thA aura kiyA jAtA hai| kerala meM maMdiroM kI saMkhyA bahuta adhika batAI jAtI hai| isakA kAraNa yajJa to saMbhavata: nahIM ho sktaa| vAstava meM, saMskRta meM kucha maMtra Adi bolakara 'svAhA-svAhA' meM sAdhAraNa-logoM ko adhika AnaMda kI anubhUti nahIM hote dekhakara saMbhavata: vaidikoM meM bhI maMdira-nirmANa kI pravRtti jagI hogI aisA kucha itihAsakAroM kA mata hai| yadi ilaMgo aDikala kI amara-racanA 'zilappAdikAram' dhyAna se par3heM, to jJAta hogA ki brAhmaNa yajJAdi meM hI adhika vizvAsa karate the| ShriM.S. Ramaswami Ayyangar,' author of 'Studies in South Indian Jainism', opines that, "Idol worship and temple building on a grand scale in South India have also to be attributed to Jain influence. The essence of Brahminism was not idol worship. How came it then that the Dravidians built large temples in honour of their Gods? The answer is simple. The Jains erected statues to their Tirthankaras and other spiritual leaders and worshipped them in large temples. As this method of worship was highly impressive and attractive, it was imitated." (P.77) apane mata ke samarthana meM unhoMne una aneka deva-kulikAoM (niches) kA udAharaNa diyA hai, jo ki zaiva-saMtoM ke sammAna meM bahuta adhika banAye gaye haiM tathA maMdiroM meM unheM pratiSThita kiyA gayA hai| kerala meM aneka maMdiroM yA koviloM ke saMbaMdha meM yaha kahA jAtA hai ki ve parazurAma dvArA die gae haiN| Upara hama zrI menana kA yaha mata dekha cuke haiM ki parazurAma-saMbaMdhI kathA kucha svArthiyoM ne apane mana se gar3ha lI hai| yahI bAta isaprakAra ke maMdiroM para bhI lAgU samajhI jA sakatI hai| saMbhavata: una para adhikAra kiyA gayA hai| isa para anusaMdhAna honA caahie| 1078 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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saMgIta-samayasAra ___ kerala meM saMgIta ke kSetra meM 'saMgItazAstra' nAmaka graMtha kI prasiddhi hai| usakA prakAzana triveMdram kI saMskRta-sIrIja ke aMtargata kiyA gayA hai| usake racanAkAra pArzvadeva nAma ke jaina-AcArya haiN| inhoMne maMgalAcaraNa kI prathama-paMkti meM hI samavasaraNa (tIrthaMkara kI upadeza-sabhA) kA ullekha kiyA hai| isake atirikta unhoMne apane Apako 'samyaktvacUr3AmaNi' kahA hai| 'samyaktva' eka jaina-pAribhASika-zabda hai| isakA nAmakaraNa bhI AcArya ne saMbhavata: kuMdakuMdAcArya kI bahu-AdRta evaM prasiddha kRti samayasAra' ke anukaraNa para kiyA hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| pArzvadeva ne apanA paricaya digaMbarasUri' ke rUpa meM diyA hai| isameM unhoMne saMgIta-pratiyogitA ke niyama, nirNAyaka kI yogyatA Adi kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| lokavyavahArasiddha-rAga ke aMtargata AcArya ne karNATa, gaur3a, drAvir3a gaur3a, drAvir3i gurjarI, dakSiNa gurjarI Adi kA vivecana kiyA hai| yaha saMgIta samayasAra' kuMdakuMda bhAratI, naI dillI dvArA hiMdI-anuvAda Adi sahita AcArya bRhaspati ke saMpAdana meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki karnATaka ke isa digaMbara jaina-sAdhu ko rAga, AlApa Adi saMgIta kI vidhAoM se kyA lenA-denA? isake uttara ke lie kerala-karnATaka kI tatkAlIna paristhiti para vicAra karanA caahie| una dinoM zaiva-vaiSNavabhakti AMdolana joroM para thaa| AcArya kI yaha bhAvanA rahI hogI ki jainoM ko bhI saMgItamaya-bhakti meM pIche nahIM rahanA caahie| isake atirikta yaha bhI smaraNIya hai ki jainadharma meM tIrthaMkara ke sammukha nRtya aura gAyana kI bahuta prAcIna-paraMparA hai| mAnyatA hai ki tIrthaMkara ke janma Adi ke samaya indra nRtya karatA hai| jaina-dhArmika-utsavoM ke samaya Aja bhI indra jaisI veza-bhUSA banAkara saMgIta ke sAtha nRtya-gAyana kA Ayojana hotA hai| madhura-kaMTha kA varadAna-prApta jaina-sAdhu bhI saMgItamaya-upadeza dete haiN| rAjasthAna meM jaina-sAdhuoM dvArA lAvaNI' nAmaka saMgIta-racanA kA bar3A pracAra hai| svayaM pArzvadeva ne likhA hai ki "gamakoM se mana kI ekAgratA hotI hai|" tanmayatA bhI to isa ekAgratA ko saMbhava banAtI hai| AcArya svayaM bhI mIThI tAna aura laya ke dhanI rahe hoNge| citrakArI jaina-maMdiroM meM prAcInakAla se hI tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana, bAhubali bhagavAn kI tapasyA, muniyoM para upasarga, neminAtha kI bArAta aura unakA vairAgya, pArzvanAtha ko kamaTha dvArA dhyAna se vicalita karane ke lie kaSTa diyA jAnA, lobha ke pariNAma, tIrthaMkara-mAtA ke svapna, ahiMsAmayI-vAtAvaraNa meM siMha aura gAya kA eka sAtha pAnI pInA, gajalakSmI, tIrthaMkara kI upadeza-sabhA (samavasaraNa), prAkRtika dRzya, tIrthasthAnoM ke citra, dharmacakra, kamala, kalaza Adi mAMgalika-padArthoM kA citraNa maMdira kI dIvAloM Adi para kiyA jAtA rahA hai| dakSiNa-bhArata ke jaina-maMdiroM meM bhI isakA pracalana thaa| kerala meM sASTAMga-praNAma karatI huI bhakta-mahilA kA bhI prastara-aMkana koviloM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| nAgarakovila ke maMdira prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 1079

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meM, zucIMdrama ke kovila meM evaM kucha anya maMdiroM meM isaprakAra ke aMkana haiN| saMgamakAlIna-sAhitya meM bhI isaprakAra kI citrakArI ke saMketa milate haiN| kerala gajeTiyara (P.121) kA kathana hai, "Sangam classics refer to the figures of Gods and scenes of nature painted on walls and canvas. We are led to believe that the Jains were the first to initiate the practice of painting on the walls." kArtika-dIpam-utsava kerala meM kArtika-mAsa meM zAnadAra tarIke se dIpotsava' manAyA jAtA hai| yaha utsava bhI prAcInakAla se, kama se kama saMgalakAla se calA A rahA hai| gajeTiyara ne use cola deza' ke kisAnoM se jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA hai| dUsare usane yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki prAcInakAla ke cera-zAsakoM ke samaya meM yaha utsava bhagavAn muruga ke sammAna meM manAyA jAtA rahA hogA; kiMtu usake saMpAdaka ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki unheM cera-zAsakoM ke samaya ke kAvya meM aisA koI saMdarbha nahIM milaa| spaSTa hai ki ye kathana aTakala para AdhArita haiN| kerala meM jainadharma kA pracAra thA, isase saMbhavata: imkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa dIpotsava kA saMbaMdha bhI jaina-paraMparA se saMbaMdhita kiyA jA sakatA hai| IsA se 527 varSa pUrva bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa Adhunika paTanA ke samIpa sthita pAvApurI meM kArtika mAsa kI caturdazI ke aMtima-prahara meM 'svAti' nakSatra meM huA thaa| usa samaya sarvatra zoka chA gyaa| jisa rAtri meM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kAladharma ko prApta hue, yAvat unake saMpUrNa duHkha pUrNarUpa se naSTa ho gae, usa rAtri meM kAsI-kosala ke nau malla-rAjA aura nau licchavi-rAjA, kula aThAraha gaNarAjA amAvasyA ke dina ATha prahara kA proSadhopavAsa karake vahA~ Thahare hue the| unhoMne yaha vicAra kiyA ki "bhAvodyota arthAt jJAnarUpI prakAza calA gayA hai, ata: hama dravyodyota kareMge arthAt dIpAvalI prajvalita kreNge|" tabhI se 'dIpAvalI' kA prAraMbha huaa| IsvI san 784 meM racita jaina 'harivaMzapurANa' meM AcArya jinasena prathama ne spaSTa likhA hai ki nirvANa ke samaya devoM aura manuSyoM ne bhagavAn ke zarIra kI pUjA kI aura dIpa prajvalita kie| unake zabdoM meM jvalatpradIpAlikayA pravRddhayA surAsuraiH dIpitayA prdiiptyaa| tadA sma pAvAnagarI samantata: pradIpitatAkAzatalA prakAzate / / 19 / / tatastu loka: prativarSamAdarAt prasiddhadIpAlikayAtra bhaarte| samudyama: pUjayituM jinezvaraM jineMdranirvANavibhUtibhaktibhAk / / 20 / / artha :- usa samaya sura aura asuroM ke dvArA jalAyI huI dedIpyamAna dIpakoM kI paMkti se pAvAnagarI kA AkAza saba ora se jagamagA utthaa| usa samaya se lekara bhagavAn ke nirvANa-kalyANa kI bhakti se yukta saMsAra ke prANI isa bharatakSetra meM prativarSa AdarapUrvaka 0080 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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prasiddha dIpamAlikA ke dvArA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pUjA karane ke lie udyata rahane lage arthAt unhIM kI smRti meM dIpAvalI kA utsava manAne lge|" bhArata ke jaina Aja bhI ukta tithi ko prAta: 'nirvANotsava' manAte haiN| aMtara itanA hI par3A hai ki 'dIpamAlikA' saMdhyA ke samaya kI jAne lagI hai| kiMtu dakSiNa jisameM jainadharma kA kisI samaya atyadhika prasAra thA, aba bhI prAta:kAla hI dIpAvalI manAtA hai, jaba pAvApurI meM manuSyoM aura devoM ne dIpotsava kiyA thaa| yadi niSpakSarUpa se vicAra kiyA jAe, to kerala ke 'dIpama utsava' kA aucitya samajha meM A sakatA hai| saMskAra itanI jaldI naSTa nahIM hote| kerala meM jo prAcIna jaina-maMdira brAhmaNoM ke adhikAra meM cale gae haiM, unake bAhara kI dIvAloM para eka ke Upara eka aneka paMktiyoM meM jo saikar3oM dIpa-AdhAra bane hue haiM, unase hI yaha spaSTa ho jAegA ki jaina kitanI dhUmadhAma se bhagavAn mahAvIra kA nirvANotsava athavA dIpAvalI manAte rahe hoNge| rathotsava kerala ke aneka maMdiroM meM rathotsava manAyA jAtA hai| isake saMbaMdha meM yaha anumAna lagAyA gayA hai ki isa para bauddha-prabhAva hai| gajeTiyara (10238) kA kathana hai ki, "It is contended by some writers that the temple processions in Kerala owe much of their features to Buddhistic ritualistic performances. The elephant procession (Anai Ezhunnallippu) with its accompaniments of Muthukuda, Alavattam, Venchamaram etc. has marked similarity to the processions of theBuddhists." kerala ke itihAsa ke jAnakAra yaha bhalIbhA~ti jAnate haiM ki sAtavIM sadI I0 meM jaba cInI-yAtrI hvenasAMga kerala meM AyA thA, to use digambarasAdhu bahuta adhika saMkhyA meM dekhane ko mile the| aura yaha ki bauddhadharma kerala se nauvIM sadI meM hI lupta ho gayA thaa| aisI sthiti meM lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa ke bAda bhI usakA aneka maMdiroM ke rathotsava para prabhAva batAnA aitihAsika khIMcAtAnI' hI mAnI jAe, to kucha anucita nahIM hogaa| isake viparIta jainadharma Aja bhI kerala meM vidyamAna hai| usakI rathotsava kI paramparA bahuta prAcIna hai| bhAdoM meM dasa dinoM ke 'paryuSaNa-parva' ke aMta meM, mahAvIra-jayaMtI tathA navIna maMdira yA mUrti kI pratiSThA Adi avasaroM para rathayAtrA nikAlI jAtI hai| pichale dazaka meM uttarabhArata meM aneka sthAnoM para gajaratha' nikale haiN| ina rathoM meM hAthI jote jAte haiM aura ina UMce rathoM meM tIrthaMkara-pratimA virAjamAna kI jAtI hai| kerala jaise hAthI-bahula pradeza meM isaprakAra ke gajarathoM kI paraMparA atIta meM bahuta prabala rahI ho, to koI Azcarya nhiiN| hAla hI meM 'gommaTezvara ratha' tathA 'tIrthavaMdanA ratha' sAre bhArata meM ghUmA thaa| ina tathyoM ko dekhate hue jaina-paramparA para bhI vicAra kiyA jAnA caahie| periyapurANam pariyapurANam' tamila kA zabda hai, usakA artha hai 'mahApurANa' / IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0081

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meM tamilagam meM jainadharma itanA adhika vyApta thA ki zaivadharma ke anuyAyiyoM ko isa dharma ke prabhAva tathA jainadharma ke anuyAyI 'duSTa rAjAoM' (evilkings) ke isa purANa para jaina-prabhAva hai aisA kucha niSpakSa vidvAna svIkAra karate haiN| ___ saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza aura bhASA meM bhI arthAt prAcInakAla se hI jaina-graMthoM meM 63 zalAkApuruSa yA zreSThapuruSoM ke jIvana-vivaraNa upalabdha hai| isa saMkhyA meM 24 tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI Adi mahApuruSoM kI gaNanA hai| 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' nAma se svataMtra-graMtha bhI haiN| nauvIM sadI meM prAkRta meM racita 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM pUrA vivaraNa upalabdha hai| pariyapurANa' para jaina-prabhAva ke saMbaMdha meM itihAsa, purAtattva kI viduSI pro0 caMpakalakSmI ne Medieval Bhakti Movements in India nAmaka abhinaMdana-graMtha meM apane nibaMdha Religion and Social Change in Tamilnadu (c. 600-1300) meM yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai-- "The Saiva hymnists i.e. those who composed the Bhakti hymns, were also of the higher castes but later, in the twelfth century ad at the time of the condification of the Saive canon, a deliberate attempt was made to introduce several fictitious saints in addition to the historical figures to increase the number to 63, many of whom were drawn from low castes including the paraiya or untouchable. The number 63 was a direct borrowal from the Jain Purans dealing with the 63 Salakapurusas or great beings." (P.167) | pariyapurANa' kI racanA kA eka pramukha kAraNa eka jaina-graMtha kI lokapriyatA bhI thaa| vaha graMtha thA tamilabhASA ke zreSTha pA~ca mahAkAvyoM meM se eka 'jIvakaciMtAmaNi', jo ki Aja bhI tamila meM adhyayana kA viSaya hai| isameM jainacarita-graMthoM ke prasiddha nAyaka jIvaMdhara kA caritra, unake aneka vivAha tathA unake dvArA yaha pratipAdana ki sAMsArika jIvana bitAne ke bAda bhI yadi saMyama dhAraNa kiyA jAe, to karmabaMdhanoM se mukti saMbhava hai| jIvaMdhara hamAMgada deza' jo ki karnATaka meM sthita mAnA gayA hai, ke zAsaka the| vairAgya hone para ve mahAvIra svAmI kI upadeza-sabhA yA 'samavasaraNa' meM ge| vahA~ mahAvIra ke pramukha ziSya yA gaNadhara sudharma svAmI ne unheM muni-dIkSA dI thii| ve vipulAcala se saMsAra-baMdhanoM se mukta hue| cola-zAsaka kulottuMga' ko ukta carita kI prasiddhi se ciMtA huii| isalie usane pariyapurANam' kI racanA krvaaii| Upara saMdarbhita pustaka meM zrI ena0 subramaNyam ne pR0 185 para likhA "The story of the circumstances under which the Periyapuranam was written, as tradition has it, indicates the Cola king's anxiety to stop the spreading influence of Jainism made him encourage Sekkilar in the composition of the account of the lives of the Nayanmars." jagahoM ke nAma ayodhyA, nAgapura, uraiyUra, nAgapaTiTNam jaise sthala-nAma sAMskRtika mahattva kI sUcanA 0082 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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dete haiM / kerala meM bhI jagahoM ke aise nAma haiM jo yaha sUcita karate haiM, kisI samaya ve jainadharma se saMbaMdhita rahe haiM I 'pAlakkADa' yA 'pAlaghATa' meM eka muhallA hai, jo ki 'jainameDu' kahalAtA hai / usI meM prAcIna caMdraprabhu maMdira hai / usa muhalle meM rahanevAle kucha tamila logoM ne usakA dUsarA hI nAma rakha liyA hai; kiMtu 'jainameDu' kA prayoga abhI bhI hotA hai / jaina dharma se saMbaMdhita sthala-nAmoM kA vizeSa adhyayana zrI vI0ke0ke0 vAlatha ne vizeSa rUpa se kiyA hai| unakI khoja ke pariNAma nIce ullikhita prakAzanoM meM upalabdha haiN| ve haiM-- (1) Jain influence on some Kerala place Names, abstract of the chapter in Studies in Dravidian Place names, publication of Place Names Society, Tiruvananthapuram. (and) Keralathile Sthala Chrithrangal Ernakulam Jilla (This book is in Malayam) / zrI vAlatha kA yaha niSkarSa hai ki, "The words such as Kall (Kallu), Ampalam, Palli, Kottam meaning temple are very ancient and bear the long lasting marks of Jainism." unakA yaha mata hai ki ye zabda brAhmaNoM kI saMskRta meM nahIM pAe jaate| udAharaNa ke lie 'kallila' / yaha Kai+il se banA hai / 'kala' kA artha hai 'pASANa' aura 'ila' se Azaya hai 'maMdira' / isa sthAna para eka guhA maMdira hai, jisameM mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyA~ pASANa para utkIrNa haiN| aba vaha 'bhagavatI maMdira' kahalAtA hai| kAlAMtara meM 'kallila' zabda kA vyavahAra sabhI jaina maMdiroM ke lie hone lgaa| 'koDaMgallUra' kA saMdhi-viccheda kara unhoMne apane mata kI sthApanA kI hai / isIprakAra ke anya nAma haiM-- Kallatikkootu, Kalleekkaatu, kallur, kallatippeetta, kalpatti, kalleekkulannara (This was the temple of Ambika now known as Heemambika), Kalpaattinilam, Kalpaattikkunnu etc. - vidvAn lekhaka kA mata hai ki zaMkarAcArya kI janmabhUmi 'kAlaDI' (Kaalati) bhI jainoM dvArA caraNa-utkIrNa karane kI prathA kI ora saMketa kara rahI hai / ve likhate haiM, "Engraving the foot prints of Jina on rocks was a usual practice among Jains. The place name Kaalati might have originated in this way." tricUra jile meM 'kUDalamANikyam' nAma kA eka maMdira hai, jo kisI samaya jaina maMdira thA / usameM sthApita mUrti RSabha-putra bharata kI hai, aisA kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai| usakA prAcIna nAma bhI zrI vAlatha ke anusAra 'mANikkana kallU' thaa| 'zilappAdikAram' meM eka maMdira Vellayampalam nAma se ullikhita hai, jo ki naSTa ho gyaa| aba vaha sthAna Vellaarapalli kahalAtA hai| jinadeva ke vizeSaNa the-- Ponnayirkoon, Ponneyilnathan Adi / jo maMdira pahAr3a para haiM, ve Ponmala, Ponmuti Adi nAmoM se jAne jAte haiM / IsAiyoM kA prasiddha keMdra Kurismuti pahale Ponmala hI thaa| zrI vAlatha kA mata hai ki hAthI, azva, nAga Adi jainoM ke priya pratIka haiM / ina pratIkoM se saMbaMdhita aneka sthala - nAma kerala meM haiM, jaise prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2001 0083

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Anmala, Kutirmala, Kutiraan, Kutiravattaam, Naagmala, Nagampatam etc. isIprakAra jaina sAdhuoM kI smRti meM nirmita pASANa - smArakoM ke kAraNa bhI aneka sthala-nAmoM kA vikAsa huA hai| - (prastuta lekhaka zrI vAlatha kA AbhArI hai) kerala gajeTiyara ne pR0 229 para yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki jaina-sAdhu caitya yA vihAra meM bhI rahA karate the aura aise sthAnoM ko 'koTTama' kahA jAtA thaa| isa jAnakArI ke abhAva meM kucha vidvAn ina zabdoM ko dekhate hI unheM 'bauddha' kaha baiThe haiN| isakI carcA 'mUSaka - vaMza' ke prasaMga meM kI gaI hai| DaoN0 ke0ke0 piLLai ne 'tamilanADu ke vizeSa saMdarbha meM bhArata kA itihAsa' aMgrejI meM likhA hai| usakA eka adhyAya kerala meM jainadharma se bhI saMbaMdhita hai| usameM ATha bAteM aisI ginAI haiM, jina para jaina - prabhAva saMbhava hai| unakA saMkSipta ullekha yahA~ kiyA jAtA hai| ayyappA kerala meM ayappA kI pUjana kA bar3A mahattva hai / usakA zreya bauddhoM ko diyA jAtA hai| eka lekhaka kI uddharaNa dekara DaoN0 piLLai yaha kahate haiM ki ayappA aura zAstA ke rUpa meM pUjita deva vAstava meM jainoM kA brahma-yakSa hai, jisakA vAhana gaja hai| prastuta lekhaka ne bhI 'sabarImalA' nAmaka adhyAya meM yaha batAyA hai ki " ayyappA kA saMbaMdha bauddha paraMparA se nahIM, apitu jaina-paraMparA se jAna par3atA hai|" tirumenI - abhivAdana kerala meM paraspara sammAnapUrNa abhivAdana ke lie prayukta 'tirumenI' zabda ke saMbaMdha meM DaoN0 piLLai ne eka mahattvapUrNa sUcanA dI hai, jo isaprakAra hai - "It is possible that the word 'Tirumeni' is derived from the Jain usage. In kalgumalai of Tirunelveli District, there are some Jain sculptures, the inscriptions below them end with the expression 'Tirumeni' which means 'the sacred image'. Tirumeni is a form of respectful addressvery common in the Malayalam country. It is not unlikely that this was adopted in Malyalam and Tamil from Jain practice." yaha tathya bhI tamilanADu aura kerala meM jainadharma ke vyApaka evaM dIrghasthAyI prabhAva kA pramANa prastuta karatA hai / ratnatraya aura mokSamArga itihAsakAra DaoN. piLLai ne yaha niSkarSa prastuta kiyA hai ki keralI saMskRti meM jainoM ke yogadAna kA Akalana kevala maMdiroM se hI kiyA jAnA ucita nahIM hai| unhoMne jainadharma ke tIna ratnoM yA ratnatraya evaM mokSamArga kA ullekha karate hue jainadharma kI rAga-dveSa para vijaya, ahiMsA aura aparigraha kI ora bhI dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai| unakA mata hai ki, "All theseprinciples were adopted in Kerala as well as the rest of the country" unheM isa bAta para bhI Azcarya hai ki kerala meM koI pramukha jaina - AcArya nahIM huA / prastuta lekhaka ko bhI isa para Azcarya hai / yA to jaina graMtha naSTa kara die gae yA prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 OO 84

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unakA abhI sarvekSaNa hI nahIM huA hai| jaina-maMdiroM ke sAtha zAstra-bhaMDAra bhI huA karatA hai| maMdira meM loga unakA svAdhyAya bhI karate haiN| yadi kerala ke jaina-AcAryoM ne svayaM graMtha nahIM likhe, to kama se kama kuMdakuMdAcArya jaise AcAryoM ke graMtha to upalabdha hone caahie| isa saMbaMdha meM bhI anusaMdhAna kI AvazyakatA hai| jIva-kAruNyam saMskRti DaoN0 caMdrazekhara nAyara ne kerala ke jAtivAda-virodhI evaM pramukha Adhunika samAja-sudhAraka yA logoM ko varNavAda ke kaThora paMje se mukti dilAnevAle 'caTTampi svAmI' kI eka jIvanI 'maharSi zrI vidyAdhirAja tIrthapAda' nAma se prakAzita kI hai| svAmIjI kA samaya unnIsavIM sadI kA uttarArdha aura bIsavIM sadI kA prAraMbha hai| unhoMne 'prAcIna malayAlama' aura 'jIvakAruNyam' jaise graMthoM meM nAga-logoM kI saMskRti ke saMbaMdha meM paryApta-prakAza DAlA hai| unake ziSya zrI nArAyaNa guru bhI kerala meM unake hI samAna pUjya haiM / caTTampi svAmI jIvahiMsA ke kaTTara-virodhI the| 'jIvakAruNyam' meM unhoMne likhA hai ki "mahAn logoM ne 'ahiMsA paramodharma:' kA hI upadeza diyA hai|" yahA~ yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki bahuta adhika saMkhyA meM jaina-smAraka kerala meM kisI na kisI kAraNa naSTa ho cuke haiM, tathA prAcInakAla meM ahiMsApUrNa-saMskRti hI kerala kI mukhya-saMskRti thii| kalyANam dakSiNa-bhArata meM, jisameM spaSTa hI kerala bhI zAmila hai, vivAha ke lie 'kalyANam' zabda pracalita hai| isa saMskRta zabda kA artha hai-- maMgala, bhalAI, zubha-karma aadi| isameM vivAha kA artha kaise A gayA? yadi vivAha ko eka utsava mAneM, to isa zabda meM jo navIna artha A gayA hai, use samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaina-paraMparA ke anusAra kisI bhI tIrthaMkara ke pA~ca kalyANaka yA mahotsava hote haiN| ve isaprakAra haiM-- garbha, janma, tapa, kevalajJAna aura nirvANa / isake atirikta jaba kabhI kisI mUrti kI prANa-pratiSThA kI jAtI hai, taba bhI ye utsava bar3I / madhAma se manAe jAte haiN| prAcInakAla meM kerala sahita tamilanADu meM jainadharma kA bar3A prabhAva thaa| chaThI-sAtavIM zatAbdI meM to aisA lagatA thA ki sArA tamiladeza jaina ho jAegA, isaliye yaha saMbhAvanA sAmane AtI hai ki ina mahotsavoM ke anusaraNa para vivAha ko bhI 'kalyANam' kahA jAne lagA hogaa| isa sAMskRtika-saMbhAvanA para bhI vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___ jainadharma kerala meM Aja bhI jIvita hai| usake anuyAyiyoM kI vartamAna-saMkhyA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara saMbhavata: isaprakAra ke niSkarSa yadi nikAle jAyeM, to yaha zubha nahIM hai| ___ saMskRti-cAhe vaha kerala kI ho yA anya kisI bhUbhAga kI, vaha eka samudra ke samAna hai| usameM nadiyoM kI aneka dhArAyeM Akara milatI haiN| phira bhI kisI eka hI dhArA ko pradhAnatA denA yA zuSkadhArA ko AvazyakatA se adhika mahattva denA aura Aja bhI pravahamAna dhArA kA gauNa karanA sAMskRtika itihAsa kI dRSTi se kahA~ taka ucita hai? prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 bara 2001 0085

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zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vivAdapariSada ke 19veM adhivezana meM ahiMsA sthala para dinAMka 17.11.2001 ko paM. prakAzacaMda zAstrI hitaiSI' kA adhyakSIya bhASaNa yadIyA vAggaMgA vividhanayakallola-vimalA, vahajjJAnAMbhobhirjagati janatAM yA snapayati / idAnImapyeSA budhajanamarAlai: paricitA, mahAvIrasvAmI nayanapathagAmI bhavatu me|| 6 / / dharma-paraMparA AditIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI divyadezanA se prAraMbha hokara aMtima-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM aMtima-zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAha taka usa divyadezanA se prabhAvita mukhAgra hI jJAnagaMgA pravAhita hotI rahI hai| pazcAt AcArya kuMdakuMda, puSpadaMta, bhUtabali Adi AcAryoM dvArA zAstraracanA dvArA cAroM anuyogoM kI caturdhArArUpa jJAnavAhanI saMtapta-prANiyoM ko zAzvata-zAMti pradAna karatI rhii| isake pazcAt bahuzrutAbhyAsI vidvAn paM0 AzAdhara jI, paM0 ToDaramala jI, paM0 daulatarAma jI, paM0 banArasIdAsa jI, paM0 bhUdharadAsa jI Adi viziSTa vidvAnoM dvArA jinavANI-mAtA kA zrutabhaNDAra bharA jAtA rahA hai, jisase jinadharma kI akSuNNaparamparA pravAhita hotI rahI hai| usI paraMparA kI bAgaDora guru gopAladAsa jI baraiyA, brahmacArI zItalaprasAda jI, kSullaka gaNezaprasAda jI varNI Adi ne samarpaNa-bhAva se ise sambhAlakara usakA yathAzakti pracAra-prasAra kiyaa| isasamaya taka vidvAnoM kA koI saMgaThana nahIM hone se dharmapracAra kA kArya susaMgaThita hokara karane kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa karate hue pUjyapAda kSu0 gaNezaprasAdajI varNI ne 1944 I0 meM viziSTa vidvAnoM kI upasthiti meM kalakattA meM vIrazAsana jayaMtI' ke suavasara para isa vidvadpariSad' kI sthApanA kI thii| ____ isa pariSad kI sakriya kAryakSamatA ko bar3hAne ke liye paM0 baMzIdhara jI nyAyAlaMkAra indaura, paM0 jaganmohanalAla jI siddhAnta zAstrI, paM0 kailAzacanda jI siddhAntAcArya, paM0 phUlacanda jI siddhAntAcArya, pUjyapAda gaNezaprasAda jI varNI, paM0 dayAcanda jI siddhAnta zAstrI sAgara, paM0 jIvaMdhara jI zAstrI, paM0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya sAgara, paM0 nemicaMda jI jyotiSAcArya, DaoN0 koThiyA jaise diggaja gaNamAnya vidvAnoM ne vidvAnoM meM ekatA evaM dharmapracAra prasAra karane ke lie 1086 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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apanI adhyakSatA ke kAla meM ullekhanIya kArya kiye haiN| usI vidvad- pariSada kI adhyakSatA mujha jaise alpajJa ko sauMpI gaI hai, jisakA nirvahaNa Apa saba vidvAnoM ke sahayoga se saMbhava ho skegaa| pUjya varNI jI kA lagAyA gayA yaha dharmaprabhAvaka-paudhA apanI gatizIlatA ko banAye rakhe, isake lie hamArA aura ApakA parama-karttavya ho jAtA hai ki isake lie sarvaprathama AvazyakatA hai--vidvAnoM kA ApasI sauhArda, vAtsalya, ekatA aura ruci kI prkrsstaa| Apa aura hama saba milakara saMgaThita hokara hI dharmaprabhAvanA kA kArya saMpanna kara sakate haiN| Adarza vidvajjIvana AcArya amRtacandra ne 'prabhAvanA' kI paribhASA karate hue kahA hai AtmA prabhAvanIyo ratnatrayatejasA sttmev| . dAna-tapo-jinapUjA-vidyAtizayaizca jindhrmH|| -(puruSArtha si0u0 30) dharmaprabhAvanA karanevAle ko sarvaprathama apanI AtmA ko ratnatraya ke teja se prabhAvita karanA caahie| pazcAt dAna, tapazcaraNa, jinendra pUjA evaM vidyA ke pracAra dvArA dharma kI prabhAvanA karanI caahie| yahA~ dharmaprabhAvanA ke lakSaNa meM AcAryazrI ne saMketa diyA hai ki dharmaprabhAvanA kA kArya svayaM kI AtmaprabhAvanA se prAraMbha karanA cAhie, tabhI dAna, tapa jinendrapUjA aura jinavidyA ke pracAra-prasAra se dharma kI saccI prabhAvanA ho sakatI hai| kyoMki netravihIna vyakti dUsaroM ko mArgadarzana kaise karA sakatA hai? pUjya vIjI ne apane adhyakSIya bhASaNa meM kahA thA-"vidvAnoM se kyA kahU~, unase to maiM yahI cAhatA hU~ ki Apa jainasamAja ke mArgadarzaka haiM, ata: apane Apako itanA nirmala banAo ki samAja Apako dekhakara hI jainadharma samajha jaae|". eka nItikAra ne 'paMDita' kI paribhASA karate hue kahA hai mAtRvat paradAreSu paradravyeSu loSThavat / ___ Atmavat sarvabhUteSu ya: jAnAti sa: paNDitaH / / jo parastrI ko mAtA ke rUpa meM dekhatA hai, evaM para dhanAdi ko miTTI ke Dhele ke samAna dekhatA hai, aura apanI AtmA ke samAna sabhI AtmAoM ko jAnatA hai, vahI paMDita hai| Upara ke do uddharaNa sadAcAra se saMbaMdhita haiM aura nIce kA uddharaNa samyak-vicAra se saMbaMdhita hai| vidvAn sabhI AtmAoM meM kAraNa-paramAtmA ke darzana karatA hai, ata: usakA koI virodhI kaise ho sakatA hai? vaha bhUle hue para hI ghRNA nahIM, karuNA karatA hai| kyoMki patha bhUle hue ko mArgadarzana denA dharmAtmA kA parama-kartavya hotA hai| vaha kisI ko bhI dutakAregA thor3e hI? vaha to saba taraha se sahayoga dekara use mArga dikhaayegaa| pUjyazrI AcArya pravara vidyAnaMda jI ke zabdoM meM-- "mata ThukarAo, gale lagAo, dharma sikhaao|" ___vidvAn dharmAtmA kI vizvamaitrI kI dRSTi hotI hai| usakA koI duzmana kaise ho sakatA hai? jo saccA jaina hai usakA koI duzmana nahIM hotA aura jisakA koI duzmana hotA hai, prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0087

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vaha jaina nahIM hotA' kyoMki vaha mAnatA hai ki merA koI bigAr3a-sudhAra kara hI nahIM sakatA hai, sabhI apanI karanI kA hI phala pAte haiN| kahA bhI hai "svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA purA phalaM tadIyaM labhate zubhAzubham / pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM svayaMkRtaM karma nirarthakaM tdaa||" artha.-- jIva jaisA karma karatA hai, usI kA phala pAtA hai| koI eka-dUsare ko puNya-pApa kA phala dene lage to apanA puNya pApa karanA vyartha ho jaayegaa| vizvamaitrIbhAva ___ ata: jaina vidvAn kA koI duzmana nahIM hotA aura jisakA koI duzmana hotA, vaha jaina vidvAn nahIM hotaa| AcArya kuMdakuMda ne kahA hai NANA jIvA NANAkammaM NANAvihaM have lddhii| tamhA vayaNavivAdaM sagaparasamaehiM vjjijjo|| -(niyamasAra 156) artha:- nAnAprakAra ke jIva haiM, unake nAnAprakAra ke karma haiM, nAnAprakAra kI labdhi haiM, isalie svasamaya, parasamaya (sAdharmI, vidharmI) ke sAtha vacana-vivAda varjanIya hai| ata: paraspara meM jo matabheda dekhane meM Ate haiM, ve anAdi se hote Aye haiN| kintu Apasa meM ghRNA dveSabhAva, virodha, bahiSkAra ko jainadharma meM kahA~ sthAna hai? ye to ajJAniyoM kA kAma hai, jJAnI ko para se ulajhane kA avakAza hI kahA~ milatA hai? ajJAnI jIva hI ina ulajhanoM meM apanA samaya aura zakti vyartha barbAda karatA hai; kyoMki yaha to adhogamana kA khoTA-kArya hai| ata: yaha jo Apasa meM kucha virodha dikha rahA hai, yaha jJAnavAn jaina-vidvAn kA kArya to ho hI nahIM sktaa| jainadharma to yaha pATha par3hAtA hai--"mittI me savvabhUdesa" jIvamAtra se merA maitrIbhAva ho| kisI se bhI bairabhAva na rhe| yaha jainadharma aura jainatva kI pahicAna hai| saccA jaina-vidvAn apanA samaya aura apanI zakti svapara-hita meM lagAyegA yA barbAda karane meM lagAyegA? eka zAyara ne kahA hai Aye the phUla tor3ane bAge-hayAta meN| dAmana ko khAra-jAra meM ulajhA ke rahe gye|| AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai"parAtmaniMdAprazaMse sadasadguNocchAdanodbhAvane ca nIcairgotrasya / " - (tattvArtha, 6/25) dUsaroM kI niMdA karanA, apanI prazaMsA karanA, apane guNoM ko pragaTa karanA, dUsaroM ke guNoM ko DhaMkane se 'nIcagotrakarma' kA baMdha hotA hai| vastusvarUpa kA nirNAyaka nayajJAna __ jJAnI-vidvAn to vizeSa-jJAnI ko dekhakara pramudita ho jAtA hai| Ajakala Apasa meM jo vivAda cala rahA hai, usakA kAraNa nayavibhAga kI ajJatA hai| jinAgama meM kahIM nizcayanaya kI pradhAnatA se kathana hai, to kucha (prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga) meM 0088 prAkRtavidyA- aktUbara-disambara '2001

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vyavahArapradhAna kathana milegaa| nizcayanaya vastu ke zAzvata-svabhAva ko batalAyA hai, to vyavahAranaya bheda aura saMyogoM kA jJAna karAtA hai| zraddhAna aura dhyAna zAzvata-svabhAva meM apanatva sthApita kara kiyA jAtA hai| jJAna, bheda aura saMyogoM kA bhI kiyA jAtA hai| kintu jo jJAna bhedoM ke dvArA abheda ko aura saMyogoM kA jJAna karake asaMyogI kA jJAna karatA hai, vaha jJAna samyagjJAna hai; aura jo jJAna ke bhedoM meM aura saMyogoM meM svatva sthApita kara inameM hI aTakakara raha jAtA hai, vaha jJAna viparItajJAna hai| isIlie vyavahAra ko heya (tyAjya) kahA hai| jaise sIr3hiyoM kA jJAna bhI karanA hai, aura chor3anA bhI hai| lakSya meM Upara kI maMjila para pahu~canA hai| ata: AtmahitArtha vastusvarUpa samajhane ke lie jJAna donoM nayoM kA karanA hai; kintu zraddhAna aura dhyAna zAzvata-svarUpa kA hI kiyA jAtA hai| isaliye AcAryapravara kuMdakuMda ne nirdeza diyA hai evaM vavahAraNao paDisiddho jANa nnicchynnenn| __ NicchayaNayAsidA puNa muNiNo pAvaMti NivvANaM / / -(samayasAra 272) artha:- vyavahAranaya nizcayanaya ke dvArA niSiddha hai; kyoMki nizcayanayAzrita muni hI nirvANa ko pAte haiN| artha:-- ata: donoM nayoM kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai, kyoMki donoM hI samyagjJAna ke bheda haiN| kintu vyavahAra mAtra jJeya hai, nizcayanaya jJeya bhI hai aura upAdeya bhI hai| AcArya amRtacaMda ne eka yaha gAthA uddhRta kI hai jadi jiNamadaM pavajjaha tA mA vavahAraNicchae munnh| eNkkeNa viNA chijjadi titthaM aNNeNa puNa taccaM / / artha:- yadi jinamArga meM pravartana karanA cAhate ho, to nizcaya-vyavahAra meM se eka ko bhI mata chor3o; kyoMki vyavahAra ke binA tIrtha kA lopa ho jAyegA aura nizcaya ke binA vastusvarUpa kA lopa ho jaayegaa| __ vyavahAra kI dRSTi to anAdikAla se hai, isaliye aise jIva ko vyavahAramUDha kahA hai| kyoMki vaha vyavahAra ke jJAna kA prayojana hI nahIM jAnatA hai| vyavahAranaya vahI saccA vyavahAra hai, jo nizcayanaya ke jJAna kI ora jAne kA saMketa kara rahA ho| ye donoM naya pramANajJAna (samyagjJAna) ke aMza haiN| inakA kAma vastu para prakAza DAlanA hai| ye svayaM vastu nahIM hai / ye to dIpaka kA kAma karate haiN| dIpaka vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai| dIpaka svayaM prakAzita vastusvarUpa nahIM hai| ata: nayoM kA yathArtha jJAna honA Avazyaka hai| mAilla dhavala ne apane 'nayacakra' meM kahA hai je NayadiTThivihINA tANa Na vtthushaav-uvlddhi| vatthusahAva-vihUNA sammAdiTThI kahaM huNti|| -(nayacakra 181) artha.- jo vyakti naya ke yathArthasvarUpa ko nahIM jAnate haiM, unako vastusvarUpa kA yathArthajJAna prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 1089

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nahIM ho sakatA hai aura vastusvarUpa ke jJAna ke binA ve samyagdRSTi kaise ho sakate haiM? 'dhavalA' siddhAnta-zAstra meM bhI kahA hai Natthi Naehi vihUNaM suttaM atthovva jiNavaramadamhi / to NayavAde NivuNA muNiNo siddhatiyA hoti / / -(dhavalA pu0 1, khaMDa 1, bhAga 1, gAthA 68) artha:- jinendra bhagavAn ke mata meM nayavAda ke binA sUtra aura artha kucha bhI nahIM kahA gayA hai, isalie jo muni nayavAda meM nipuNa hote haiM, ve hI sacce siddhAnta ke jJAtA haiN| ata: nayoM kA yathArthajJAna aura unakA yathArtha yathAyogya prayoga jAnanA ati Avazyaka hai| yaha saba kahane kA prayojana yahI hai ki naya kA yathArthajJAna zUnya hone se vivAda khar3e hote haiN| ata: manISI vidvadgaNoM se savinaya prArthanA hai ki nayoM kI prayoga-paddhati ko yathArtha AgamAnusAra samajhakara vivAdoM ko samApta kara eka-dUsare ke vicAroM ko sunane-samajhane kA saujanya pradarzana kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana ko mila-julakara vistArita karane meM apanA amUlya sahayoga pradAna kreN| bhAvI kartavya ___ apane bar3e puNyakarma ke udaya se jainadharma kA tattvajJAna prApta karane kA suavasara milA hai, to usakA svapara-hita meM prayogakara apanI vidvattA ko sArthaka kreN| digambara jaina-vidvAnoM ke samakSa dharmapracAra kA bahuta bar3A kSetra khAlI par3A hai| use bharane ke lie apanI zakti aura samaya kA sadupayoga kreN| vaha dharmapracAra kA khAlI kSetra isaprakAra bharA jA sakatA hai1. pratyeka vidvAn apane grAma nagara ke nivAsa sthAna meM prAta: sAyaM sarala bhASA meM pAtratA ke anurUpa svAdhyAya, pravacana avazya kreN| 2. jaina bAlakoM meM jaina-saMskAra DAlane ke lie jaina-pAThazAlAyeM sthApita karAkara pUjanAdi kI vidhi kA prayoga karanA avazya sikhAyeM / jaise avakAza ke dina unase vidhipUrvaka __ pUjanAdi karAnA aura pUjana kA prayojana aura bhAva sikhAnA aadi| 3. baccoM meM jainatva ke prati AkarSaNa paidA karane ke lie bAlopayogI sarala sacitra-sAhitya __ kI racanA karAnA aura baccoM meM vitaraNa krnaa| sarala-bhASA meM sacitra jaina-kathA, kahAnI, nATaka Adi kI pustakeM prakAzita kraanaa| 4. jaina vidvAnoM ko svayaM dhotI dupaTTA pahinakara pUjana karanA, karAnA caahie| isase samAja meM acchA prabhAva par3atA hai| zAstra kI gaddI para bhI dhotI pahinakara hI baitthe| 5. rAtribhojana aura abhakSyabhakSaNa kA jaina-vidvAnoM meM tyAga hotA hI hai| kyoMki yaha __ jainAcAra kA pramukha aMga hai| rAtribhojana kA bahuta pracAra ho rahA hai, ata: jainasamAja ko usakI hAni-lAbha kA digdarzana karAnA hai| 6. aise jaina-sAhitya kI bahuta bar3I AvazyakatA hai, jisameM vijJAna ke mAdhyama se jinendra 00 90 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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kI bhakti, rAtribhojanatyAga kI evaM jala chAnane kI upayogitA dikhAI gaI ho| 7. jisameM jainadharma kA mUla tattvajJAna, bhagavAn kI vItarAgatA sarvajJatA evaM vizva-vyavasthA kA paricaya ho| jisameM nizcaya-vyavahAra kI yathArtha saMdhi ho, aisA sAhitya prakAzita krnaa| kyoMki tattvajJAna ke binA sabhI jJAna ajJAnamaya saMsAra kA hI kAraNa hai| 8. jinAgama kI vAcanA evaM dhArmika zikSaNa zivira kA Ayojana karAkara dharmapracAra kara sakate haiN| dharma-mahimA .. kahA bhI hai jinadharma-vinirmukto mAbhUvaM ckrvrtypi| syAd ceTo'pi daridropi jinadharmAnuvAsitam / / -(jinendra stuti) artha:- jainadharma (tattvajJAna) zUnya cakravartI kA pada bhI narakAdi gati kA kAraNa banatA hai| yadi duHkhI daridrI bhI tattvajJAnI ho, to vaha usa avasthA meM bhI sukhI hai| jainadharma kI mahimA gAte hue kavi kahatA hai mahApApaprakRrto'pi prANI. shriijaindhrmtH| bhavet trailokya-saMpUjyo dharmAt kiM bho paraM sukham / / artha:-- pApI se pApI vyakti bhI jainadharma kI zaraNa meM Akara triloka pUjya paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| dharma se bar3hakara dUsarA kauna sukhadAyI ho sakatA hai| aMtima vinaya ata: saba vidvAn milakara jainadharma kI dhvajA ko vizvAMgaNa meM phaharAyeM aura jainatva kI mahimA bddh'aayeN| vidvattA pAne kA yahI sArthaka prayoga hai| Apasa meM matabheda ho sakate haiM; kintu vidvAnoM meM manabheda, eka-dUsare ke prati ghRNA aura dveSabhAva aura nIcA dikhAne kI bhAvanA vidvattA nahIM hai| ye paryAyoM kI kSaNika bhUla samaya pAkara dUra ho sakatI hai| paryAyoM ke bhItara kAraNa paramAtmA baiThA hai, vaha to zAzvata eka-sA sabhI meM hai| usakI dRSTi se saba baira-virodha samApta ho jaayeNge| ata: Ao jJAna kI gaMgA meM snAna kara vidvattA ko yathArtha kreN| isI zubha bhAvanA ke sAtha Apa sabase vinaya hai| naMdyAvarta Adi zubha-cina "sirivaccha-kalasa-saMkha-sotthiya-NaMdAvattAdINi saMThANANi NAdavvANi / " -(AcArya dharasena, chakkhaNDAgama, 13-58. pR0 296) __ yAni - zrIvatsa, jalabharA huA kalaza (kumbha), dakSiNAvarta zaMkha, svastika aura | naMdyAvarta Adi AkAra 'zubha-cihna' ke rUpa meM jAnane yogya hai| |'. svastika arthAt svakA astitva svIkAranA Astika-racanA kA lakSaNa hai| .. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 0091

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AdhyAtmika gIta jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na pAe ! -vidyAvAridhi DaoNo mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA caurAsI bhava-bhava ghUme haiM, anagina marana- carana cUme haiM, jAne kitane janama lie para, janama-dharama ko jAna na pAe / jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na pAe / / 1 / / liyA janama jaba kula kulIna meM, - adhIna meM, bitA diyA saba para - 3 nahIM bane svAdhIna anta taka, karmacakra pahicAna na paae| jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na pAe / / 2 / / guru-kula ke sAre guna dhAre, ghere rahe ajJa aMdhiyAre, par3hIM pothiyA~ jIvanabhara para, darzana-jJAna hAtha nahiM Ae / jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na paae|| 3 / / tIrtha gae, tIrthaMkara pUje, ura meM svAratha ke svara gU~je, moha - nIMda meM aba taka soe, aMta samaya taka jAga na paae| jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na pAe / / 4 / / 92 ghara meM ghirate rahe rAta-dina, huA anta taka nahIM jAgarana, lakhate rahe rUpa le darpana, para svarUpa ko jAna na paae| jIvanabhara upadeza diye para, nija ko hama pahicAna na pAe / / 5 / / prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2001

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'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' meM varNita nagara -- DaoN0 hukama canda jaina ke 12vIM zatAbdI meM AcArya nemicandra sUri hue haiM, jo Agama, darzana evaM kathA-sAhitya utkRSTa vidvAn the| inhoMne apane sAhitya meM prAkRta ke sAtha saMskRta evaM apabhraMza ke zabdoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai, jo samAsa - alpa padAvalI se yukta hai| rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta meM rahate hue nemicandra sUri (devendra gaNi) ne AkhyAnakamaNikoza, uttarAdhyayana kI sukhabodhA TIkA, mahAvIracariyaM, Atmabodhakulaka ( dharmopadezakulaka) tathA rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM kI racanA kii| nemicandrasUri kI racaNacUDarAyacariyaM' antima racanA hai| isa kathA ko lekhaka ne chaha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| mUlakathA ke sAtha-sAtha grantha meM 45 avAntara - kathAoM kA samAveza huA hai, jo nAyaka ke caritra ko vikasita karane meM sahAyaka hai / AcArya nemicandrasUri ne dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA ke mahattva ko samajhAne ke lie bakulamAlI ke pUrvabhava kI kathA ke rUpa meM 'rayaNacUDa' kI kathA AyI hai| bhASA-zailI evaM sAMskRtika sAmagrI kI dRSTi se yaha kAvya atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / kavi ne kAvyAtmaka-pakSa ko bhI sazakta banAyA hai / kavi kA yaha grantha gadya kI utkRSTatA meM 'samarAiccakahA' evaM bANabhaTTa kI 'kAdambarI' se pIche nahIM hai| unhoMne apane grantha meM tatkAlIna loka-saMskRti, zikSA evaM kalA kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta kI hai| sAMskRtika dharAtala ke sAtha-sAtha 'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' meM janapada, nadI, parvata tathA vibhinna zaharoM kA bhI ullekha hai / isa nibandha meM katipaya nagaroM kA hI paricaya dene kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai 1 isa grantha-meM amarAvatI, ujjainI, kaMcanapura, kuMDalapura, gajapura, naMdIpura, padmasaMDa, padmAvatI, padmottara, pATaliputra, priyaMkarA, podanapura, puNDagiriNI, bhUtamAla, malayapura, ratnapura, ratnasaMcayA, vaNasAla, vijayakher3A, vizvapura, zaMkhapura, subhagA, suratilaka, surasela, sopAraka, harSapura, hastinApura, hemAgara aura kSemaMkarA Adi 35 nagaroM kA ullekha milatA hai / grantha meM ullikhita kucha nagara bhArata ke prAcIna viziSTa nagara the| inakA saMkSipta paricaya nimnAnusAra 1 amarAvatI nagarI :- isakA ullekha 'rAjahaMsI' kI prApti meM huA hai| amarAvatI nagarI ko svargapurI ke samAna sundara batAyA gayA hai|' jinasena ke 'AdipurANa' meM bhI amarAvatI ko 'indranagarI' kahA gayA hai|' jJAta hotA hai ki vartamAna meM nAgapura ke pAsa sthita prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 2001 93

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amarAvatI kA hI yaha prAcIna ullekha hai| ujjainI :- ratnacUDa meM ujjainI nagarI kA varNana amaradatta aura mitrAnaMda kI kathA ke prasaMga meM kaI bAra huA hai| ujjainI nagarI ke saMbaMdha meM vidvAnoM ne bahuta kucha prakAza DAlA hai| isake avantI, ujjayinI Adi nAma bhI milate haiN| ___ kaMcanapura :- AcArya nemicandrasUri ne kaliMga-pradeza meM 'kaMcanapura' ko sthita batalAyA hai| yaha kaMcanapura kaliMga kI rAjadhAnI thI, jo sAtavIM zatAbdI meM 'bhuvanezvara' ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| grantha ke varNana ke anusAra yaha eka saMmRddha nagaraM thaa| yaha apanI samRddhi, dhArmikatA aura pavitratA ke lie prasiddha thaa| gajapura :- grantha meM kuru-janapada ke alaMkAra ke rUpa meM 'gajapura' nagara kA ullekha huA hai| kavi ne isa nagara kA kAvyAtmaka varNana kiyA hai| yaha nagara grantha (rayaNanacUDarAyacariyaM) ke nAyaka ratnacUDa kA janma-sthAna thaa| prAcIna granthoM meM gajapura ke kaI ullekha prApta hote haiN| isake kaI nAma the| jAtakoM meM gajapura' ko 'indraprastha' kahA gayA hai| vasudevahiNDI' meM ise 'brahmasthala' kahA gayA hai| vartamAna meM ise 'hastinApura' kahA jAtA hai| gajapura jainasAhitya kA prasiddha nagara hai| rayacaNacUDa ke samakAlIna-grantha 'bhavisayattakahA' meM bhI gajapura kA ullekha huA hai aura saMyoga se vahA~ bhI vaha nAyaka bhaviSyadatta kI janmabhUmi batAyA hai| ___nandIpura :- grantha meM tilakasundarI kI janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM 'nandIpura' nagara kA varNana kavi ne kiyA hai| yaha nagara 'saMDiprabha' janapada meM sthita thaa| isase jJAta hotA hai ki gajapura aura nandIpura donoM hI vartamAna uttarapradeza ke nagara the| nandIpura ke prAcIna ullekha bhI milate haiN| isakI pahacAna 'phaijAbAda' se ATha-nau mIla kI dUrI para sthita 'nanda' gA~va se kI jA sakatI hai|' padmAvatI nagarI :- puruSottama rAjA ke kathA ke prasaMga meM 'padmAvatI nagarI' kA ullekha huA hai| jahA~ se vaha rAjA svapnasundarI ko lene ke lie priyaMkarA nagarI ko gayA thaa| padmAvatIpura kA ullekha yazastilaka' meM bhI huA hai| DaoN0 gokulacandra jaina ne isakI pahacAna 'pavAyA' gA~va se kI hai| ___ pATaliputra :- grantha meM isakA ullekha amaradatta aura mitrAnaMda kI kathA meM huA hai| pATalIputra eka prasiddha kalAtmaka maMdira hone kI bAta granthakAra ne kahI hai| pATaliputra se 'sopAraka' aura sopAraka se 'ujjainI' tathA ujjainI se pATaliputra kI yAtrA mitrAnaMda ne kI thii| isase jJAta hotA hai ki ye tInoM nagara sthalamArga se jur3e hue the| pATaliputra kA ullekha jaina-sAhitya meM bahuta AyA hai, ise Ajakala 'paTanA' kahate haiN| podanapura :- zrI vijaya aura sutArA kI kathA-prasaMga meM podanapura kA ullekha grantha meM huA hai| jaina-sAhitya meM podanapura ke kaI ullekha haiM / yaha nagara godAvatI ke taTa para dakSiNa bhArata meM sthita thaa| ratnapura :- grantha meM isakA ullekha satyabhAmA aura kapila kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| ratnapura nAma ke kaI nagara prAcIna bhArata meM the| samarAiccakahA, kuvalayamAlA, 00.94 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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AdipurANa Adi granthoM meM ratnapura ke ullekha milate haiN| yaha ratnapura prasaMga ke anusAra kauzala-janapada meM honA caahie| ratnasaMcayA nagarI :- isakA ullekha vajrAyuddha rAjA kI kathA ke prasaMga meM huA hai| yaha ratnasaMcayA nagarI 'maMgalAvatI deza' meM sthita thii| isakA ullekha 'AdipurANa' (19-46) tathA 'bhavisayattakahA' meM bhI huA hai| . - rathanupura :- yaha vijayArddha kI dakSiNa zreNI meM sthita thaa| 'AdipurANa' (19-46), 'samarAiccakahA' tathA 'bhavisayattakahA' Adi meM isa nagara ke ullekha prApta hote haiN| sopAraka nagara :- isa nagara kA varNana 'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' meM amaradatta aura mitranaMda kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| jisameM mitrAnaMda apane mitra amaradatta kI zAlabhaMjikArUpI sundarI kA patA lagAne ke lie pATalIputra se sopAraka evaM sopAraka se ujjainI jAtA hai tathA ujjainI se sIdhA pATalIputra kI lambI yAtrAvAlA Ane-jAne kA mArga eka mahIne meM taya kara letA hai| yaha sopAraka' gujarAta meM hI hai| jisakI pahacAna kaI logoM ne kI hai| jisakA ullekha kuvalayamAlAkahA' evaM 'yazastilaka' meM bhI milatA hai| zaMkhapura :- grantha meM zaMkhapura kA ullekha viSNuzrI ke dRSTAnta ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| 'samarAiccakahA' meM isa nagara kA ullekha huA hai| aisI mAnyatA hai.ki ariSTanemi kI zaMkhadhvani se 'zaMkhapura' nagara basAyA thaa| .. 'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' ke nagaroM ke varNana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAla ne adhikatara uttara bhArata ke nagaroM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inameM se adhikAMza nagaroM ke ullekha madhyayugIna jaina-sAhitya meM milate haiN| inameM se kucha aise nagara bhI haiM, jo 'rayaNacUDarAya cariyaM' meM ullekhamAtra huye haiN| unakA varNana isaprakAra hai bhUtamAlA :- yaha yazomati vaNika kI putrI kusumamati ke pUrvabhava kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| muni usake pUrvabhava kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM ki yaha usake karmoM kA hI phala hai| isakI putrI ne tIsare janma meM 'bhUtamAla' nagara meM bhUtadeva vaNika kI putrI thii| eka dina usane billI ke dUdha pI jAne para usane apanI bahU ko kahA "DAkinI kI taraha tuma khar3I ho aura billI ko nahIM dekhatI ho|" rativilAsapura :- suvelagiri parvata ke zikhara para rativilAsapura' nAmaka nagara thaa| isa nagara kI Adhunika pahacAna kaThina hai| vilAsapura nAma ke avazya kucha nagaroM kA ullekha milatA hai| 'samarAiccakahA' ke ullekha ke anusAra vilAsapura vidyAdharoM kA nagara thaa| rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM meM bhI ise vidyAdhara kA nagara' kahA gayA hai| vaNasAla :- rayaNacUDa kI patnI rAjahaMsI ke pUrvabhava kI kathA bandhudharmazreSThI evaM usakI patnI nAgazrI ke prasaMga meM yaha nagara varNana meM AyA hai| jisako bharatakSetra meM batAyA gayA hai| yaha kathA sautiyA-DAha ko batAnevAlI hai| vijayakher3A :- yaha nagara zremaMkara sonI va sUkhaMkarA kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai, jo sukhakarA-kuMDala banAne ke bahAne chupa-chupa kara praNaya-kriyA karatI hai, tathA eka dina prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2001 0095

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usake sAtha bhAga jAtI hai| isameM kahA gayA hai ki "bhUmi, vana evaM AMgana meM aneka prakAra ke dhAma, pannA aura maNiratnoM se suzobhita 'vijayakher3A' nAmaka nagara hai|" subhagA nagarI :-- isI jambUdvIpa' nAmaka dvIpa meM mahAvideha' ramaNIka vijaya kI sItA mahAnadI ke dakSiNa kinAre 'subhagA' nagarI hai| isa nagarI kA varNana aparAjita evaM anantavIra ke pUrvajanma amitateja evaM zrIvijaya kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| suratilaka nagara :-- suratilaka nAmaka nagara hai| isa nagara kA nAma mAtra ullekha rayaNacUDa kI patnI tilaka sundarI ke pUrvabhava ke krama meM AyA hai| jisameM dRzceSThA ke pariNAma-kathana kA varNana hai| surasela nagara :- isa ullekha se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki bharatakSetra meM surasela' nAmaka nagara thaa| kulavarddhana seTha evaMusakI patnI manoramA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai| hemAgara :- yaha kulavarddhana seTha aura usakI patnI manoramA kI kathA ke prasaMga meM AyA hai, jo vyApAra ke lie 'kaTAha' (kaDAka) dvIpa pahu~ce aura vahA~ se hemAgara nagara' gye| kevala nAmamAtra kA ullekha hone ke kAraNa isakI pahacAna kaThina hai, phira bhI kaTAha dvIpa' ke AsapAsa hI kahIM sthita honA caahie| tathA yaha nagara eka vyApArika kendra bhI thaa| bhaMkaTA nagarI :- maMdira se deva-dravya ke har3apane ke duSpariNAmasvarUpa kezavazrAvaka kI kathA meM isa nagarI kA nAmamAtra ullekha hai| uparyukta varNita nagaroM meM jina nagaroM kA prathama bAra ullekha huA hai, unakI pahacAna yadi vidvAn loga kareM, to zodhakSetra meM mahattvapUrNa kArya hogaa| DaoN0 kailAza candra jI jaina, prophesara, prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM saMskRti vibhAga, ujjaina ne isa kSetra meM mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA hai, tathA anya bhUgola ke vidvAnoM ke dvArA bhI ina nagaroM kI pahacAna kara sakate haiN| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. dra0 jaina hukamacanda, 'AcArya nemicandrakRta rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM kA AlocanAtmaka sampAdana ___ evaM adhyayana', anu0 58, pairA 2 / 2. jinasenakRta 'AdipurANa', 6-2061 3. dra0 jaina hukamacaMda, 'AcArya nemicandrakRta rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM kA AlocanAtmaka sampAdana evaM adhyayana', pR0 282-83 / 4. dra0 jaina gokulacanda, 'yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana', pR0 282-83 / 5. dra0 yAdava jhinakU, 'samarAiccakahA eka sAMskRtika adhyayana', pR0 2871 6. dra0 jaina premasumana, 'kuvalayamAlAkahA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana', pR0 76 / 7. dra0 De, 'jyogrAphikala DikzanarI', pR0 138 / 8. dra0 jaina hukama canda, 'AcArya nemicandrasUrikRta, rayaNacUDarAya cariyaM kA AlocanAtmaka sampAdana evaM adhyayana', anu0 45, 47 / 9. dra0 jaina gokulacanda, 'yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana', pR0 2871 10. dra0 jaina premasumana, 'kuvalayamAlAkahA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana', pR0 67 / " 9096 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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pustaka kA nAma lekhaka prakAzaka saMskaraNa mUlya pustaka-samIkSA (1) pustaka kA nAma lekhaka : kAtantroNAdisUtravRttiH : DaoN0 dharmadattacaturvedI kendrIya ucca tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna, sAranAtha vArANasI digambara jainAcArya zarvavarma-viracita 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa' bhAratIya vyAkaraNazAstra - paramparA kA vaha prakAzastambha hai, jisane saMskRtabhASA ke niyamoM kA to parijJAna karAyA hI hai, tatkAlIna lokabhASAoM ke niyamoM kA bhI digdarzana jisameM prApta hotA hai / prakAzaka saMskaraNa mUlya : prathama, 1992 I0 : 135/- (zAstrAkAra, peparabaika, lagabhaga 400 pRSTha ) isI kAtantra-vyAkaraNa para AcArya durgasiMha - viracita 'kAtantra- uNAdisUtravRtti' nAmaka isa mahanIya kRti kA garimApUrNa sampAdana evaM TIkAkAraNa kA dAyitva DaoN0 dharmadatta caturvedI ne atyanta zrama evaM niSThApUrvaka nibhAyA hai tathA 'kendrIya ucca tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna', sAranAtha (vArANasI, u0pra0) ne isakA uccastarIya prakAzana karAke isakI mahattA evaM upayogitA ko aura bar3hA diyA hai| Adhunika prakAzana ke uccapratimAnoM ke anurUpa isa prakAzana kI vidvajjagat meM vyApaka upAdeyatA rahegI - aisA vizvAsa hai / vizada saMskRta prastAvanA evaM bhUmikA (hindI) meM vidvAn saMpAdaka ne atyanta upayogI sUcanAoM kA saMkalana karate hue mahattvapUrNa vicAra- binduoM ko prastuta kiyA hai / pAdaTippaNoM meM Agata sUtra - ullekha viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNa meM atyanta upayogI haiM / - isa garimApUrNa prakAzana ke lie vidvAn saMpAdaka evaM prakAzana- - saMsthA abhinaMdanIya haiN| - sampAdaka ** (2) jaina nyAya : : siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI roDa, naI dillI- 110003 dvitIya, 2001 I0 : 160 rupaye (pakkI jilda, lagabhaga 385 pRSTha ) prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 0097

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nyAyazAstra ko prAmANikatA kI kasauTI mAnA jAtA hai, tathA prAtibhajJAna kI parakha bhI nyAya ke kSetra meM hI dArzanika manISI paraspara kiyA karate haiN| darzana ke dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMtoM kI prabhAvotpAdakatA kA nirNaya bhI nyAyazAstra ke avalambana ke binA saMbhava nahIM hotA hai| yadyapi dhArmika mAnyatAyeM zraddhA para AdhArita hotI haiM, phira bhI zraddhA jagAne ke liye bhI nyAyazAstra kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahatA hai| ___ jainadarzana meM prAcIna AcAryoM ke dvArA racita nyAyazAstra ke anekoM gaMbhIra aura vizAlaparimANavAle graMtha upalabdha haiN| kintu ve sabhI saMskRtabhASA meM hI pramukhata: nibaddha haiM, unakI vyAkhyA evaM anuvAda Adi vibhinna vidvAnoM ne kiye haiM; kintu mUlAnugAmI hone ke kAraNa unakI durUhatA Ama janatA ke liye banI hI rhii| prAraMbhika rUpa meM jainanyAya kA adhyayana karanevAle jijJAsuoM ke liye bhI unake viSayoM meM AsAnI se praveza nahIM ho pAtA thaa| tathA nyAyadIpikA' jaise kucha saralagraMtha the bhI, to vaha sarvAMgINa prarUpaNa nahIM karate the, ata: anekoM viSaya achUte raha jAte the| jainanyAya ke jijJAsuoM ke bIca eka aise graMtha kI AvazyakatA gaharAI se mahasUsa kI jA rahI thI, jo sarala hindIbhASA meM jainanyAya ke samagratattva ko saMtulita zabdoM meM prarUpita kara ske| isa AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke liye manISI-sAdhaka vidvadvareNya siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI ne jainanyAya' nAmaka kRti kI racanA kI thI, jisakA prakAzana 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' jaisI pratiSThita saMsthA ne karAyA thaa| kintu isakI pratiyA~ samApta ho jAne ke bAda dIrghakAla se isakI AvazyakatA kA anubhava isa viSaya ke jijJAsu kara rahe the| anekobAra anurodha ke bAda bhI isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa lambe samaya taka prakAzita nahIM ho sakA, kintu aba isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa sundara sAja-sajjA ke sAtha prakAzita huA hai, joki jijJAsuoM aura vidvAnoM ke liye jainanyAya-viSayaka sAmagrI ko prastuta kara unheM tRpti pradAna kara skegaa| isa ati-upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa prakAzana ke liye 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' ke prabaMdhakagaNa hArdika abhinandana aura vardhApana ke pAtra haiN| --sampAdaka pustaka kA nAma : jaina siddhAnta lekhaka : siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI prakAzaka : bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003 saMskaraNa : dvitIya, 2001 I0 mUlya : 80 rupaye (pakkI jilda, lagabhaga 232 pRSTha) jainadarzana ke siddhAntoM kA mahattva aura unakI gaharAI sabhI bhAratIya evaM pAzcAtya dArzanikoM ne muktakaMTha se svIkAra kI hai| kintu isake prarUpaka-graMtha saMskRta aura prAkRtabhASAoM meM nibaddha hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya-logoM ke liye upayogI nahIM ho pAte the| ata: eka lambe 0098 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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samaya se jijJAsuoM kI yaha mA~ga thI ki jaina-siddhAMta ke viSaya meM sArarUpa meM prarUpaNa karanevAle kisI choTe saMskaraNa kA nirmANa kiyA jaaye| isa AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke liye bhI svanAmadhanya manISI siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI ne paryApta zramapUrvaka isa kRti kA nirmANa kiyA thA, aura bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne isakA prathama prakAzana karAyA thaa| kintu isakA prathama saMskaraNa samApta ho jAne ke bAda lambe samaya se isakI AvazyakatA kA anubhava isa viSaya ke jijJAsu kara rahe the| dIrgha aMtarAla ke bAda aba isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa sundara sAMja-sajjA ke sAtha prakAzita huA hai, joki jijJAsuoM aura vidvAnoM ke liye jainasiddhAnta-viSayaka sAmagrI ko prastuta kara unheM saMtuSTi pradAna kara skegaa| isa ati-upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa kRti ke dvitIya saMskaraNa ke prakAzana ke liye bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke prabaMdhakagaNa hArdika abhinandana aura vardhApana ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka pustaka kA nAma : nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa (prathama evaM dvitIya bhAga) lekhaka : vAdirAjasUri viracita sampAdana : pro0 mahendrakumAra jaina, nyAyAcArya prakAzaka : bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003 saMskaraNa : dvitIya, 2000 I0 mUlya : 200/- prati khaNDa, (pakkI jilda, lagabhaga 611+525 pRSTha) bhAratIya nyAyazAstra ke kSetra meM jaina AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM kA yogadAna anyatama rahA hai| tathA vizvabhara ke sAdhaka manISiyoM ne isa tathya ko muktakaMTha se svIkAra kiyA hai| inameM bhI AcArya samantabhadra, AcArya akalaMkadeva, AcArya vidyAnandi, AcArya prabhAcandra evaM AcArya vAdirAjasUri kI kRtiyA~ vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| ___ AcArya vAdirAjasUri-viracita 'nyAyavinazcayavivaraNa' mUlata: AcArya bhaTTAkalaMkadeva dvArA praNIta nyAyavinazcaya' nAmaka graMtha kA vyAkhyAparaka graMtha hai| yaha graMtha mUlata: vilupta ho gayA thA, mAtra isakI yaha TIkA hI milatI thii| mUlagraMtha ke abhAva meM TIkA ke sampAdana aura prakAzana kA kArya bhI koI hAtha meM nahIM le rahA thaa| yadyapi yaha TIkA-graMtha atyaMta mahattvapUrNa thA, phira bhI mUlagraMtha na milane se isake sampAdana-prakAzana kA sAhasa koI vidvAn nahIM kara paayaa| lambe aMtarAla ke bAda jaina-manISA ke kSetra eka aise jAjvalyamAna nakSatra kA udaya huA, jo apanI naisargika-pratibhA ke AdhAra para alpAyu meM hI aise camatkAra kara gayA; ki anya saba manISI unake kAryoM ko dekhakara dA~toM tale aMgulI dabAkara raha gye| ve viziSTa manISI the-- DaoN0 mahendra kumAra jI nyaayaacaary| apAra kaSToM aura vipannatAoM ko sahakara DaoN0 mahendra kumAra jI ne jJAnArjana ke uparAMta apanI nyAyAcArya kI upAdhi ko usa samaya mahimAmaNDita kara diyA, jaba unhoMne prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 1099

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nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa' nAmaka vRtti ke AdhAra para akalaMkadevapraNIta mUlagraMtha 'nyAyavinizcaya' kA svarUpa-nirmANa kara diyaa| aura TIkA-graMtha kA bhI atyaMta vaijJAnika rIti se sampAdana kiyaa| jainadarzana aura nyAya ke kSetra meM vidvavarya DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jI nyAyAcArya ne apanI sArasvata lekhanI se jo yogadAna kiye, jainasamAja aura manISI-jagat ko unakI kRtajJatA jJApita karane kA bhI avasara nahIM milaa| ___ yadyapi 'nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa' nAmaka isa kRti kA kisI bhASAMtara meM anuvAda isa saMskaraNa meM nahIM thA, phira bhI vidvAnoM ke bIca isakI carcA aura apAra-jijJAsA ko dekhakara 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' ke nyAsiyoM ne isake prakAzana kA nirNaya liyA; aura garimApUrvaka ise prakAzita kraayaa| prakAzana ke bAda isakI pratiyA~ zIghra hI samApta ho gaI, kyoMki vidvAnoM ke madhya isa graMtha kI bahuta jyAdA mA~ga thii| anuvAda nahIM hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya-jijJAsuoM ke bIca yaha graMtha adhika samAdRta nahIM ho skaa| phira bhI paravartI jijJAsu-manISiyoM ne 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' ke prabaMdhakoM se yaha mA~ga kI huI thI, ki binA anuvAda ke hI sahI, isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa yathAvat prakAzita karAyA jAye; tAki vidvAn to apanI jijJAsA kI pUrti kara skeN| aura anusaMdhAnaparaka kAryoM ke liye yaha graMtha upalabdha ho ske| ___ yaha saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke nyAsiyoM ne vidvAnoM kI isa bAta ko Adara dete huye isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa prakAzita karAyA hai| yaha saMskaraNa pratyeka jaina evaM jainetara jijJAsu, vidvAn evaM sAdhu-saMta ko avazya paThanIya, mananIya evaM prabhAvanIya hai| -sampAdaka (5) pustaka kA nAma : mahApurANa (bhAga 1-5) lekhaka : mahAkavi puSpadanta mUla-sampAdana : DaoN0 pI0ela0 vaidya hindI-anuvAda : (sva0) DaoN0 devendra kumAra jaina, indaura (ma0pra0) prakAzaka : bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003 saMskaraNa : dvitIya, 2001 I0 pRSTha-saMkhyA : pakkI jilda, lagabhaga 546+491+568+298+456 pRSTha : 200+200+200+120+120=840 rupaye pratyeka darzana meM apane mahApuruSoM ke caritra-citraNa ke liye paurANika-sAhitya kI racanA huI hai| parantu jainadarzana ke atirikta prAya: anya sabhI darzanoM ke paurANika-graMtha saMskRtabhASA meM hI nibaddha prApta hote haiN| jainaparamparA ke purANa-graMtha saMskRta ke atirikta prAkRta evaM apabhraMza-bhASAoM meM bhI milate haiM, aura sAtha hI anekoM dakSiNa-bhAratIya-bhASAoM meM bhI jainapurANa-graMtha samaya-samaya para likhe gaye haiN| isa prakriyA se jahA~ jaina-paramparA ke mUlya 00 100 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2001

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prabhAvaka-mahApuruSoM kA jIvana-caritra sabhI ke liye sulabha ho sakA, vahIM ina vibhinna-bhASAoM kA sAhitya bhI ina purANa-graMthoM ke dvArA samRddha huA hai| itihAsa, saMskRti, darzana, tattvajJAna evaM vividha lokakalAoM, vidyAoM, jJAna-vijJAna kI sAmagrI se samRddha ina purANoM ke dvArA sampUrNa bhAratIya vAGmaya ne apanI samRddhi ke naye AyAma vikasita kiye haiN| isa dRSTi se ye purANa sampUrNa bhAratIya sAhitya aura saMskRti ke gaurava-graMtha haiN| ___apabhraMzabhASA aura isakA sAhitya prAcIna evaM arvAcIna-bhASAoM aura sAhitya ke bIca eka aisA setu hai, jisakA avalambana kiye binA koI bhI manISI prAcIna aura arvAcInabhASAoM aura sAhitya ke bAre meM ekarUpatA aura samAnatA ke tattvoM ko nahIM khoja sakatA hai| ata: isa dRSTi se apabhraMzabhASA kA sAhitya eka amUlya-nidhi ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| apabhraMzabhASA ke sAhityakAroM meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA anyatama sthAna hai, aura unake dvArA racita aneka graMthoM meM mahApurANa' nAmaka yaha kRti guNoM meM to mahAn hai hI, AkAraprakAra kI dRSTi se bhI ati-vizAla hai| ___ isa kRti kA vaijJAnika-sampAdana svanAmadhanya bhASAvid DaoN0 pI0ela0 vaidya ne vyApaka anusaMdhAna evaM samarpaNapUrvaka kiyA thaa| jisakA saMtulita hindI-anuvAda apabhraMzabhASA ke manISI DaoN0 devendra kumAra jaina, iMdauravAloM ne karake ise bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita karAyA thaa| ___ bhASA evaM sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha darzana, saMskRti, itihAsa evaM purANa Adi ke kSetra meM ruci rakhanevAle jijJAsuoM ke madhya lambe samaya se isa'graMtha ke dvitIya saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava ho rahA thaa| cU~ki yaha graMtha zAstrAkAra pA~ca vizAla khaNDoM meM thA, ata: zIghratA se isakA pana:prakAzana saMbhava nahIM ho skaa| vilamba se hI sahI, isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne prakAzita karAyA hai, jo jijJAsuoM evaM vidvAnoM ke madhya hAthoMhAtha le lene yogya hai| jaina dhArmika zrAvakoM-zrAvikAoM yatiyoM evaM AryikAoM ke liye bhI yaha graMtha avazya paThanIya hai| AzA hai ve sabhI isakA lAbha nizcitarUpa se leNge| isa ati-upayogI prakAzana ke liye 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' hArdika abhinandana evaM vardhApana kI pAtra hai| -sampAdaka Agama meM dharmadhyAna ke svAmI 'kiM ca kaizcicca dharmasya catvAra: svAminaH smRtAH / sadRSTayAdhapramattAttA vathAyogceva hetuvaa||' -(AcArya kundakunda, jJAnArNava 26/28) artha :- asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata aura apramatta ina cAra guNasthAnavI jIvoM ko usa dharmadhyAna ke svAmI mAnA hai| . prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 101

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abhimata prAkRtavidyA, julAI-sitambara 2001 kA aMka prApta kara harSa huaa| isameM adhyayanahetu mahattvapUrNa zodha-sAmagrI prApta huI, isameM Apake zodhapUrNa lekhoM kA adhyayana kara vizeSa Ananda kI anubhUti huI aura kucha navIna viSayoM kA bhI jJAna prApta huA / patrikA kA sampAdana suyogya rIti se ho rahA hai| maMgalakAmanAoM ke sAtha / -- DaoN0 dayAcandra sAhityAcArya, sAgara (ma0pra0 ) ** Prakrit Vidya is a standard journal. Each and every issue is worth preserving. This issue carrying the chandragupta Mauray's picture, a reproduction of postal stamp, is remarkable. Your editorial has recorded the importance of this picture. Added to this, you have also written an article on Jainism that existed in South India before the advent of Chandragupta - a very useful and historically significant writing. I appreciate your approach. With well wishes. -- Prof. Hampa Nagarajaiah, Bangalore (Kar.) ** (c) prAkRtavidyA, julAI-sitambara 2001 kA aMka mere sAmane hai| mukha-pRSTha para samrAT candragupta maurya kA DAka-TikaTa atyanta AkarSaka rahA / 'samayapAhuDa badalane kA duHsAhasa pUrNa upakrama' upakrama se DaoN0 devendra kumAra jI zAstrI kA lekha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / 'vIra sevA mandira' se prakAzita 'samayapAhuDa' meM AcArya kundakunda evaM unake TIkAkAra AcArya amRtacandradeva ke prati tiraskAra - pradarzana kI vRtti kA jo do-TUka uttara diyA hai, vaha bhramadRSTi miTAne meM sadaiva nimitta rhegaa| 'prAkRta graMthoM meM jina - sAdhuoM kA nivAsa aura vihAracaryA kA svarUpa' zIrSaka se DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala kA lekha atyanta sAmayika hai / zrAvakoM ke liye mArgadarzaka hai| DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kA 'dakSiNa bhArata meM samrAT candragupta se pUrva bhI jainadharma kA pracAraprasAra thA' zIrSaka lekha itihAsa - maMthana dvArA jainadharma ke gauravamaya - atIta kA prakAzana atyanta sArthaka hai| prastuta aMka jaina - sAhitya kI uttama dharohara to banI hI hai, sAtha hI bhASAvidoM ke liye bhI saMgrahaNIya hai / aise uttama sampAdana hetu sAdhuvAda | --prakAzacanda jaina jyotirvida, mainapurI ( ma0pra0 ) ** prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 102

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0 I was happy to receive the July-September issue of your esteemed journal "Prakrta Vidya". As usual, it was excellently produced. Especially valuable in this issue are the articles by Baladeva Upadhyaya, Hazari Dvivedi and Vasudev Sharan Agrawala. One rarely finds today such comprehensive visionof Indian culture as presented by these departed savants. --S.R. Sharma, Aligarh (U.P.) ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA sadA kI bhA~ti sajA-saMvarA julAI-sitambara 2001 ke aMka kA svAdhyAya karane kA avasara milaa| aMka ko eka hI baiThaka meM pUrA par3ha gyaa| yaha patrikA kI AkarSakatA hI darzAtI hai| kavara-pRSTha para candragupta maurya kA DAka TikaTa evaM pIche paricaya par3hakara sukhAnubhUti huii| 'ahiMsA ke avatAra-paMcaparameSThI' DaoN0 sudIpa jI jaina kA sampAdakIya mana ko bahuta bhaayaa| 'samayapAhuDa badane kA duHsAhasapUrNa upakrama' bhI pUrA par3hakara hI chor3A tathA socane para majabUra ho gyaa| 'brAhmI lipi aura jaina-paramparA' Alekha rocaka, jJAnavarddhaka paThanIya, preraNAdAyI hai| 'rAvaNa nahIM phUMkA jAyegA aba dazahare para' zrI sureza sinhA kA Alekha alakha jagatA hai ki pahale apane andara kI rAvaNIya burI-bhAvanAoM ko jlaao| Aja sabhI rAvaNa hote jA rahe haiM, phira unheM kyA adhikAra hai rAvaNa ke putale dahana kA? pahale rAma banakara to dikhAo, Aja rAma kI veza-bhUSA banAkara rAvaNIya-kAma ho rahe haiN| rAma-bhaktoM ko jarA apanA hRdaya TaTolanA hogaa| 'khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava' va DaoN0 ramezacaMdra jI apane purAne staMbhoM ke saMrakSaNa, saMvardhana kI preraNA detA hai| ___prAkRtavidyA ne prAkRtabhASA ke utthAna meM jo aham bhUmikA nibhAyI hai vaha abhinaMdanIya, stutya hai| patrikA meM prakAzita zodhaparaka lekha kAphI kucha dabI va anasulajhI bAtoM ke nirAkaraNa meM apanI stutya chApa chor3ate hai| -sunIla jaina saMcaya' zAstrI, sAgara (ma0pra0) ** 0 'prAkRtabhASA' kI sevA meM tathA zodha meM kundakunda bhAratI' tathA 'prAkRtavidyA' kA vizeSa yogadAna hai| 'prAkRtavidyA' julAI-sitambara 2001 ke aMka meM ApakA mahattvapUrNa lekha 'dakSiNa bhArata.....pracAra-prasAra thA; prakAzita huA hai| pRSTha 25 para Apane samrATa nevupAdanejAra ko dakSiNa bhArata kA samrATa likhA hai| vastuta: nebU kadanez2Ara bebiloniyA kA zAsaka thaa| vaha bebiloniyA ke saMsthApaka-samrATa nebU palAsara kA putra thaa| I0pU0 605 meM vaha samrATa bnaa| usI ne vizva meM adbhuta mAne jAne vAle prAcIna AzcaryoM meM se eka haigiMga gArDensa' kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| isI samrAT kA eka tAmrapatra prabhAsa-paTTana (bhArata) meM prApta huaa| DaoN0 prANanAtha vidyAlaMkAra ne isakA anuvAda kiyaa| jisake anusAra, "isa rAjA dvArA saurASTra ke giranAra parvata para sthita nemi-mandira ke jIrNoddhAra kA ullekha hai|" prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 10 103

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kreN| isa rAjA ne nAvikoM se prApta deza kI Aya ko jUnAgar3ha ke girinAra parvata para sthita ariSTanemi kI pUjA ke liye pradAna kiyA thaa| AzA hai uparokta tathya kA saMjJAna leNge| dUsarI bAta yaha kahanI hai ki u0pra0 zikSA pariSad ke viSayoM meM zAstrIya bhASAoM ke antargata 'prAkRta' kA nAma nahIM hai, ata: usako sammilita karAne kA prayAsa kiyA jaaye| usake liye hAIskUla tathA iNTaramIDiyeTa stara ke liye pAThyakrama banA kara bhejane kA prayAsa --Aditya jaina, lakhanaU (u0pra0) ** 0 prAkRtavidyA kA julAI-sitambara aMka milaa| patrikA upayogI hone ke sAtha suMdara bhI hai| kucha kahanA cAhatA hU~, vaise to jainadharma se sambandhita DAka-TikiTa jArI hI kama hote haiM; aura jo hote haiM unameM sUcanA patrikA meM jAnakArI adhUrI rahatI hai| dUsare, sambandhita sthAnoM para vizeSa muhara kI, pahale dina vyavasthA nahIM ho pAtI hai| kundakunda bhAratI kA kendriya kAryAlaya dillI meM hone se yaha sabhI vyavasthA sucAru-rUpa se ho sakatI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra se sambandhita abhI DAka-TikiTa jArI huA thaa| janmasthAna para TikiTa jArI hone ke dina janmasthAna para vizeSa muhara kI vyavasthA honI cAhiye thii| sUcanA-patrikA meM bhI sahI jAnakArI AnI cAhiye thii| ye prathama-divasa AvaraNa aura sUcanA-patrikA videzoM meM bhI jAtI hai aura pUre vizva ko patA calanA cAhiye janmasthalI Adi aura sampUrNa-vivaraNa ke bAre meN| aura phira kuMdakuMda bhAratI kI ora se vizeSa-vyavasthA honI caahiye| vizeSa-AvaraNa jArI karane kI, vizeSa sampUrNa jAnakArI ke sAtha pustikA jArI hone kI zrI araviMdo Azrama kI ora se vyavasthA hotI hai| saMsthAoM se saMbaMdhita jaba bhI DAka-TikiTa jArI hote haiM, vyavasthA hotI hai| aura jo vyakti isaprakAra ke kavara, citra, sUcanA-patrikA cAhe va upalabdha bhI hotI hai| candragupta maurya ko kitanoM ne jAnA ki ye jaina the, jaina-muni hue aura zravaNabelgola meM samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| zravaNabelgola meM candragupta pahAr3I para vizeSa-muhara kI vyavasthA honI cAhiye thii| -sAhU zailendra kumAra jaina, khurjA (u0pra0) ** kulapati kA svarUpa munInAM dazasAhasraM, yo'nnadAnAdipoSaNAt / adhyApayati viprarSirasau kulapati: smRt:|| artha :- jo dasa hajAra muniyoM ko annadAnAdi se poSita karatA huA unheM zikSita karatA hai, use bhAratIya paramparA meM 'kulapati' mAnA gayA hai| .. paracinA'dhamA'dhamA jo dUsaroM ko apane dharma meM dIkSita tathA dUsaroM kI AtmAoM kA uddhAra karate phirate haiM, ve prAya: apanI AtmA ko bhUla jAte haiN| - (svAmI vivekAnanda) .. 00 104 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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samAcAra dAna pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI dvArA mayUra vihAra dillI meM bhArI dharma-prabhAvanA paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne kahA "mAlA japanA, svAdhyAya karanA, pUjA karanA, ina sabhI kriyAoM kA dhyeya AtmA ko pavitra kara mukti prApta karanA hai| ina kriyAoM ke pIche yadi sAMsArika lAlasAyeM haiM, to dharma saMkIrNa va saMkucita ho jAtA hai| manuSya ke jIvana meM saba vaibhava para dharma va zAnti na ho, to vaha jIvana zuSka hai; niSprayojana hai, vaha pazuvat hai| koI bhI tattvacarcA, dharmadhyAna kI vidhi batAne meM sahAyaka ho sakatI hai, para ekAgra svayaM ko hI honA hogaa| svayaM ke karma svayaM ko hI tapa, sAdhanA evaM ekAgratA dvArA naSTa karane hoNge| paramAtmA kisI ke karmoM ko naSTa nahIM kara sktaa| ' AtmazAnti ke lie dharma hI eka mArga hai, sAdhana hai, upakaraNa hai| jaise pAnI se pyAsa bujhatI hai, vaise hI Atma-cintana se AtmA ko zAnti prApta hotI hai| bhautika padArtha zAMtidAyaka nahIM haiN| dharma kA yathArthasvarUpa manuSya ko manuSya se jor3atA hai| jaba dharma meM vikRtiyA~ A jAtI haiM, to vaha tor3atA hai| vItarAga-dharma hI saccA-dharma hai| isako jIvana meM utAranevAlA hI dharmAtmA hai|" pUjya AcAryazrI ne Age kahA "tyAga meM hI. zAnti hai| jo tyAgatA hai, usI kI pUjA hotI hai| saMgraha se parigraha bar3hatA hai, aura parigraha du:kha kA kAraNa hai| AdinAtha se mahAvIra taka sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI pUjA tyAga se hI huI hai| bAhubalI ne bharata cakravartI ko jItA aura usako rAjya lauTA diyaa| rAma ne rAvaNa ko jItA aura usako lauTA diyaa| bhAratIya saMskRti aura paramparA hI tyAgamaya hai| gA~dhIjI tyAgate gae aura mahAtmA bana ge|" uparokta vicAra pUjya AcAryazrI ne mayUra vihAra phesa-1 dillI meM tIna-divasIya pravAsa ke madhya .cAra dharmasabhAoM ko sambodhita karate hue vyakta kiye| do maMgala pravacana zrI RSabhadeva digambara jaina mandira, eka vardhamAna apArTamenTa aura eka manU apArTamenTa meM Ayojita kiye gye| dharmasabhA meM kSetrIya vidhAyaka zrI brahmapAla, zrI satIza jaina nigama pArSada, karnATaka ke vidvAn DaoN0 saTTara, paM0 jayakumAra upAdhye, DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina Adi ne AcAryazrI ko vinayAMjali arpita kii| atithiyoM ko mahAmaMtrI ne smRti-cihna bheMTakara sammAnita kiyaa| zrI satIza jaina (AkAzavANI) evaM zrI pratApa jaina ne dharmasabhAoM kA saMcAlana kiyaa| -gajendra kumAra jaina, dillI ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 105

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'ahiMsA-sthala' meM mahAmastakAbhiSeka-samAroha sampanna dharmaprANa deza bhAratavarSa kI rAjadhAnI naI dillI ke suprasiddha dhArmika kendra 'ahiMsA-sthala' ke suramya parisara meM laghu parvata-zikhara para virAjamAna jainadharma ke caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI 13 phuTa uttuMga padmAsana-pratimA kA dvAdazavarSIya mahAmastakAbhiSeka-mahotsava bhavya-samAroha-pUrvaka dinAMka 18 navambara 2001, dina ravivAra ko sAnanda sampanna huaa| ___paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM Ayojita isa samAroha meM pUjya upAdhyAya zrI zrutasAgara jI, munizrI nirNayasAgara jI, munizrI UrjayantasAgara jI. bhaTTAraka zrI cArukIrti jI (mUDabidrI) Adi vyaktitvoM kI upasthiti se vizeSa garimA bddh'ii| ___ san 1989 meM pratiSThApita isa pratimA kA yaha 'prathama mahAmastakAbhiSeka mahotsava' thaa| dharmaprANa lAlA premacaMda jI jaina, jainA vaoNca kaM0 ne uttara-bhArata kI isa gauravazAlI pratimA kA nirmANa karAke mUrdhanya vidvAn paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI indauravAloM se isakI pratiSThAvidhi karAyI thii| isa AdhyAtmika vAtAvaraNa meM kesariyA vastroM evaM mukuTa-hAra Adi se susajjita indra-indrANiyoM ko dekhakara aisA pratIta ho rahA thA ki mAno sAkSAt svarga hI dharatI para utara AyA ho| bhaktirasa se otaprota isa bhavya Ayojana meM prAta: 6.00 baje se dopahara 1.00 baje taka samAgata dasa hajAra se adhika dharmazraddhAlujanoM ne lagAtAra mastakAbhiSeka kA manohArI dRzya dekhA tathA pUjya santoM evaM vidvAnoM ke maMgala-pravacanoM kA lAbha liyA isa suavasara para pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne jainadharma evaM saMskRti kA vizada paricaya dete huye dharmaprabhAvanA ke kAryoM kA mahattva prabhAvI rIti se pratipAdita kiyA tathA tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI kA jIvanavRtta bhI marmasparzI zabdoM meM smjhaayaa| sabhA ko pUjya upAdhyAya zrI zrutasAgara jI evaM munizrI nirNaya sAgara jI ne bhI sambodhita kiyaa| samAgata viziSTa vidvAnoM meM paM0 prakAza hitaiSI zAstrI, dillI; DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla, jayapura; DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, dillI evaM DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina Adi ne apane vyAkhyAnoM dvArA jainatattvajJAna evaM prasaMgAnukUla viSayoM kA sarala zabdoM meM jJAna pradAna kiyaa| sabhA meM bhaktirasa pravAhita karanevAloM meM sarvazrI haricaraNa varmA, zrImatI anItA jaina, zrImatI zAlinI jaina, zrImatI sunItA godhA evaM zrImatI raMjanA jaina kA bhI sarAhanIya yogadAna rhaa| ___isa samAroha ke saMyojana meM zrI satIza canda jaina (AkAzavANI) ne mahInoM athaka zrama kiyA tathA ahiMsA sthala ke nyAsIgaNoM ne bhI samarpitabhAva se kArya kiyaa| samAroha meM Agata viziSTajanoM meM sarvazrI sAhU ramezacandra jI jaina, zrI cakreza jaina (bijalIvAle), zrI trilokacaMda koThArI, zrI DAlacaMda jI jaina (pUrva sAMsada), zrI satIza canda jaina (SCJ), zrI nirmala kumAra seThI, zrImatI sarayU daphtarI, mumbaI; zrImatI saritA jaina, cennaI; zrI zIlacanda jI jauharI, zrI kailAzacanda jI jainAvaoNca kaM0, zrI tArAcandra jI premI, zrI svadeza bhUSaNa jaina Adi pramukha the| sabhA kA saMcAlana DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne kiyaa| __mahAmastakAbhiSeka kI vidhi pro0 TIkamacaMda jaina, dillI evaM zrI rAjendra upAdhye kuMdakuMda bhAratI dvArA sampanna karAyI gyii| isameM 1008 kalazoM se bhagavAna mahAvIra kI isa 10 106 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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bhavya-pratimA kA anavarata-jalAbhiSeka maMtroccAra ke madhya zAstrokta-rIti se sampanma huaa| samAroha ke anta meM pro0 TIkamacaMda jaina evaM zrI devasaina jaina, (jaina TeMTa hAusa) kA bhI sammAna AyojakoM kI ora se kiyA gyaa| . ___isa samAroha meM jahA~ maMca sajjA evaM abhiSeka vyavasthA Adi atyanta uccastara kI thI, vahIM vIra sevA dala, jayapura ne bhI vyavasthA banAne meM sarAhanIya yogadAna diyaa| ____ yaha Ayojana bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmakalyANaka-varSa ke varSavyApI kAryakramoM ke antargata dillI rAjya kI digambara jaina samiti evaM ahiMsA sthala nyAsa ke dvArA garimApUrvaka Ayojita kiyA gyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vizvahitakArI saMdezoM ke pracAra-prasAra meM isa Ayojana kA mahanIya yogadAna rahA tathA isameM jainasamAja ke kAryakramoM kA eka Adarza svarUpa dharmazraddhAlujanoM ne dekhaa| -satIza caMda jaina (AMkAzavANI) ** 'ahiMsA zikhara sammelana sampanna 9.12.2001 ko bhAratIya jainamilana dvArA Ayojita sIrI phorTa sabhAgAra, naI dillI meM 'ahiMsA zikhara sammelana' pramukha jaina santoM/AcAryoM ke sAnnidhya meM bhAratIya jainamilana dvArA vizAla stara para khelagA~va, naI dillI sthita sIrI phorTa sabhAgAra meM bhavyatA ke sAtha sampanna huaa| jisameM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja, AcArya zivamuni jI, upAdhyAya guptisAgara jI, pro0 mahendra muni jI, zrI amara muni jI Adi aneka saMta virAjamAna rhe| sammelana kI zuruAta kare hue AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja jI ne kahA ki "vizva meM zAMti karane ke lie jarUrI hai ki hama hiMsA kA mArga chor3akara ahiMsA ke mArga para cleN|" kendra sarakAra se apIla karate hue unhoMne kahA ki "sarakAra ko sImA aura vizva meM bar3ha rahe AtaMkavAda meM nirdoSa prANiyoM kI hiMsA rokane ke liye jarUrI kadama uThAne cAhiye, kyoMki pratyeka prANI ko jIne ke liye zAMti kA vAtAvaraNa banAne aura usakI surakSA kI jimmedArI kendra sarakAra kI hai|" AcAryazrI ne kahA ki AtmA samatAbhAvI hai, jahA~ samatA hai, vahIM ahiMsA hai| sAre dharmoM kA sAra ahiMsA hai| hama sabhI ko ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA caahiye|" isa mauke para AcArya zrI zivamuni jI ne kahA ki Aja kI hAlata meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke siddhAnta 'ahiMsA paramodharma' kA pAlana karanA hamAre liye behada jarUrI hai| ahiMsA ke rAste para calakara pratyeka vyakti zAnti prApta kara sakatA hai| sammelana meM upAdhyAya gupti sAgara jI, pro0 mahendra muni jI aura amara muni jI ne bhI apane udgAra vyakta kiye| jaina-vidvAn DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla jayapura, zrI rAjArAma jaina ArA, DaoN0 premasumana jaina udayapura, DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, rASTrIya saMskRta vidyApITha naI dillI ke kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya, bhUtapUrva sAMsada suzrI nirmalA dezapAMDe tathA jainasamAja ke gaNamAnya vyakti jinameM TAimsa oNpha inDiyA kI adhyakSA zrImatI indu jaina, zrI je0DI0 jaina, sAhU ramezacanda jaina, zrI nirmala kumAra seThI bhI isa avasara para upasthita rhe| isa avasara para uttarapradeza, rAjasthAna, hariyANA, madhyapradeza, paMjAba ke vibhinna bhAgoM se Aye loga prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 107

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bhArI-saMkhyA meM maujUda the| maMca kA saMcAlana bhAratIya jaina milana ke mahAmaMtrI sureza jaina riturAja ne kiyaa| -vIra jayacanda jaina ** 'ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala' ke vArSika-puraskAra samarpita rASTrIya evaM antarrASTrIya-stara para suparicita samAjasevI saMsthA ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala ne apanI sthApanA ke aTThAIsaveM varSa meM apanI sakriya gatividhiyoM ko nirantara cAlU rakhA hai, tathA vibhinna kSetroM meM kAma karanevAle manISiyoM aura samAjaseviyoM ko sammAnita kara samAja aura rASTra ke kSetra meM pratibhAoM ko protsAhita karane ke rUpa meM ananya yogadAna diyA hai| varSa 2000 ke liye isa saMsthAna ke dvArA pradatta pA~ca puraskAroM kA samarpaNa dinAMka 4 navambara 2001, ravivAra, ko rAjadhAnI ke 'cinmaya mizana sabhAgAra' meM bhavya samArohapUrvaka kiyA gyaa| ye puraskAra ahiMsA, zAkAhAra, jIva-dayA, patrakAritA evaM sAhitya-sevA Adi kSetroM meM ullekhanIya kArya karanevAle nimnalikhita viziSTa vyaktiyoM ko pradAna kiye gaye1. ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala DipTImala AdizvaralAla jaina sAhitya puraskAra (31,000 rupaye) puraskAra-prAptakartA - DaoN0 bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu', damoha (ma0pra0) 2. ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina zAkAhAra puraskAra (21,000 rupaye) puraskAra prAptakartA - mejara kamala kumAra jaina, bInA (ma0pra0) 3. ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala raghuvIra siMha jaina jIvarakSA puraskAra (21,000 rupaye) puraskAra-prAptakartA - zrI omaprakAza guptA, alavara (rAja0) 4. ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala premacanda jaina patrakAritA puraskAra (21,000 rupaye) puraskAra prAptakartA - DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, naI dillI 5. ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala omaprakAza jaina ahiMsA-prasAra puraskAra (21,000 rupaye) puraskAra-prAptakartA -- zrI vilAsa zivalAla zahA, mADhA (mahA0) isa samAroha meM sammAnita vyaktiyoM ko tilaka evaM mAlyArpaNapUrvaka sammAnarAzi ke sAtha-sAtha prazasti-patra, zaoNla Adi sAmagrI puraskAra-pradAtAoM evaM sabhAdhyakSa jasTisa Ara0 sI0 jaina (nyAyAdhIza, dillI uccanyAyAlaya) ke dvArA bahumAna-sahita samarpita kiye gye| samAroha kA saMcAlana zrI pratApa jaina ne kiyA, tathA sampUrNa samAroha ke sUtradhAra saMsthA ke prANa zrI satIzacanda jaina the| ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala ke sabhI padAdhikAriyoM evaM sadasyoM ne kAryakrama meM sakriya-yogadAna diyA, tathA kAryakrama ke anta meM jaina haippI skUla, dillI ke chAtra-chAtrAoM ne bhavya sAMskRtika kAryakrama prastuta kiyaa| isa kAryakrama meM deza evaM rAjadhAnI dillI ke kone-kone se padhAre chaha sau se adhika gaNamAnya vyaktiyoM ne apanI garimApUrNa upasthiti se ise saphalatA pradAna kii| jJAtavya hai ki 'ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala' kI ora se ye puraskAra prativarSa isI bhA~ti samarpita kiye jAte haiN| -pradIpa jaina ** 00:108 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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zrI bhagavAn mahAvIra kA 162 varSa purAnA sikkA tamila mAsika 'mukkuDai' (aktUbara 2001 ) meM pro0 jIvandhara kumAra (bhadrAvatI) ne IsTa iNDiyA kampanI dvArA 1839 I0 meM jArI kiye gaye eka sikke kA vivaraNa diyA hai, jisa para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pratikRti aMkita hai| tAMbe ke isa gola sikke kA vajana 12 grAma, vyAsa 2 semI0, aura moTAI 1 mimI0 batAI hai| sikke sAmane kI ora AkarSaka DijAlana se AvRtta, sundara bhAmaNDala - sahita digambara dhyAnastha-mudrA meM padma para AsIna 24veM jaina tIrthaMkara varddhamAna mahAvIra kI pratikRti utkIrNa hai, aura usake pArzva meM devanAgarI lipi meM 'zrI bhagavAn mahAvIra' utkIrNa hai / pRSTha-bhAga para madhya meM kalAtmaka DhaMga se 'U~' aura UrdhvabhAga meM tAre sahita arddha-candra, sUrya aura trizUla kI AkRtiyA~ utkIrNa haiM, tathA romana lipi meM Half Anna va East India Company aura 1839 utkIrNa haiN| - (sAbhAra- zodhAdarza, navambara 2001 ) ** DaoN0 esa0pI0 pATIla 'cAmuMDarAya puraskAra' dvArA sammAnita karnATaka vizvavidyAlaya, dhAravADa ke kannar3a tathA jainazAstra viSaya ke sevAnivRtta prAdhyApaka DaoN0 esa0pI0 pATIla ko unake zodha-prabaMdha 'cAmuMDarAya purANa eka adhyayana' ke lie 'kannar3a sAhitya pariSad' baiMgalora kI ora se prastuta varSa 2001-2002 kA 'cAmuMDarAya puraskAra' ghoSita kiyA gyaa| DaoN0 esa0 pI0 pATIla ne lagabhaga 40 graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| 'syAdvAda kesarI', 'tIrthavaMdanA' Adi smaraNikAoM kA saMpAdana bhI Apane kiyA hai| vidyApITha tathA rASTrIya stara para vividha paricarcAoM tathA prabaMdhavAcana meM sahabhAga ke sAtha-sAtha adhyakSapada bhI Apane vibhUSita kiyA hai| jaina sAhitya tathA saMskRti kI sevA ke lie Apako isake pUrva 'sAhitya pariSada puraskAra', deveMdrakIrti puraskAra', 'gommaTezvara puraskAra', 'AcArya zrI bAhubalI muni kannar3a sAhitya puraskAra', kannar3a - marAThI baMdhubhAva kSetra kI sevA ke lie muMbaI ke karnATaka- saMgha kA 'varadarAja Adya puraskAra' Adi puraskAroM ke dvArA ve sammAnita haiN| Apa bAhubalI se prakAzita 'sanmati' mukhapatra ke mAnada sampAdaka bhI raha cuke haiN| 'anekAnta zodhapITha', 'zrutikevala ejyukezana TrasTa', 'kuMdakuMda bhAratI', 'sAhitya akAdamI', 'kannar3a sAhitya pariSada' Adi saMsthAoM se ApakA nikaTa saMbaMdha rahA hai | zravaNabelagola ke 'rASTrIya prAkRta adhyApana tathA saMzodhana saMsthA ke mAnada saMcAlaka ke rUpa meM eka varSa tathA rASTrIya stara para 'jaina vidvatpariSad' ke kAryakArI samiti ke sabhAsada ke rUpa meM Apane sevA kI hai| puraskAra meM 20 hajAra rupaye tathA prazasti patra diyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI- 110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, mai0 ghUmImala vizAlacaMda ke mArphata prema priMTiMga varksa cUr3IvAlAna, cAvar3I bAjAra, dillI-110006 meM mudrita / bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 109

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isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM 1. AcAryazrI vidyAnanda munirAja - bhArata kI yazasvI zramaNa paramparA ke utkRSTa uttarAdhikArI evaM abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI saMta paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAjaM vartamAna munisaMghoM meM variSThatama haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'picchi aura kamaNDalu' evaM 'uttama saMyama aura mahAvrata' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viraMcita haiM / 2. (sva0 ) DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina - Apa jaina- itihAsa, saMskRti evaM darzana Adi ke variSTha adhyetA manISI the / Apake dvArA likhita sAhitya Aja bhI 'mIla ke patthara' kI bhA~ti prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai| ..isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna jaina vizvavidyAlaya' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / 3. (sva0 ) paM0 balabhadra jaina - Apa jainadarzana, itihAsa evaM saMskRti ke acche adhyetA manISI rhe| kuMdakuMda bhAratI ke prakAzanoM se bhI ApakA ghaniSTa sambandha rahA hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhagavAn mahAvIra' Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / 4. DaoN0 sUryakAnta bAlI - Apa bhAratIya itihAsa ke acche adhyetA manISI evaM siddhahasta lekhaka rahe haiN| Apake dvArA anekoM mahattvapUrNa kRtiyoM kA sRjana huA hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'dArzanika - rAjA kI paramparA ke pravartaka tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se sRjita hai / 5. paM0 prakAza hitaiSI zAstrI - Apa jainadarzana, tattvajJAna ke adhikArI vidvAn hone ke sAtha-sAtha eka supratiSThita sampAdaka, pravacanakAra evaM siddhahasta lekhaka bhI haiM / 'sanmati sandeza' jaisI pratiSThita jaina mAsika patrikA ke Apa kaI dazakoM se sampAdaka haiN| 'sanmati - sandeza' jaisI pratiSThita jaina mAsika-patrikA ke Apa kaI dazakoM se sampAdaka haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvadpariSada ke 19veM adhivezana meM pradatta adhyakSIya bhASaNa', Apake dvArA racita hai / sthAyI patA - 535, jainamaMdira galI, gA~dhInagara, dillI- 110031 6. DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina --Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta, apabhraMza ke 'prophesara' pada se sevAnivRtta hokara zrI kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna ke 'nidezaka' haiN| anekoM mahattvapUrNa granthoM, pAThyapustakoM evaM zodha AlekhoM ke yazasvI lekhaka bhI haiN| isa aMka ke antargata prakAzita 'manISIpravara ToDaramala pramukha zaurasenI jainAgamoM ke prathama 00 110 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2001 *

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hindI TIkAkAra' nAmaka Alekha ke lekhaka Apa haiM / patrAcAra - patA--mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA-802301 (bihAra ) 7. vidyAvAridhi DaoNo mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA - Apa jainavidyA ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara haiM, tathA niyamita rUpa se lekhanakArya karate rahate haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AdhyAtmika gIta' nAmaka kavitA ke racayitA Apa haiM / sthAyI patA--maMgala kalaza, 394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA ror3a, alIgar3ha-202001 ( u0pra0) 8. rAjamala jaina--Apa jaina itihAsa evaM saMskRti ke gaveSI vidvAn haiN| lokaiSaNA se dUra rahakara isa vArdhakya meM bhI svAdhyAya evaM lekhana kI vRtti akSuNNa banAye rakhakara Apa nispRha bhAva se advitIya samAjasevA kara rahe hai 1 isa aMka meM prakAzita 'keralI-saMskRti meM jaina-yogadAna' Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai| sthAyI patA-- B-1/324, janakapurI, naI dillI-110058 9. DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala - Apa oriyaMTala pepara milsa, amalAI meM kArmika adhikArI ke pada se sevAnivRtta huye, jainasamAja ke acche svAdhyAyI vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAkRta-granthoM meM jinaliMgoM kA svarUpa' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / patrAcAra- patA--bI0-369, o0pI0ema0 kAlonI, amalAI -484117 ( u0pra0) 10. DaoN0 hukamacanda jaina--Apa mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja0) meM 'jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga' meM rIDara pada para kAryarata haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM' meM varNita nagara', Apake dvArA racita hai| patrAcAra patA-- jainavidyA evaM prAkRtavibhAga, sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja0 ) 11. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina -- zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM 'prAkRtabhASA vibhAga' meM upAcArya evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa haiN| tathA prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka bhI haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / prastuta patrikA ke 'mAnada sampAdaka' / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'sampAdakIya' zIrSaka Alekha evaM pustaka - samIkSAyeM Apake dvArA likhita haiM 1 sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTaiMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-30 siMhAvalokana - nyAya AcArya dharasena girinAra parvata para puSpadanta - bhUtabali munirAja ko upadeza dete - "siMhAvalogaNaNAeNa / " - ( AcArya vIrasena, chakkhaMDAgama, pustaka 13, pR0 317 ) arthAt jisaprakAra siMha mRga kA zikAra kara detA hai aura Age jAne lagatA hai to usa samaya vaha pIche bhI dekhatA jAtA hai ki koI mRga pIche aura bhI ho to use bhI pakar3A jaaye| vaha apane Age bhI dekhatA jAtA hai aura dRSTipatha meM Aye mRgoM ko mAratA bhI hai| isIprakAra jaba eka hI sUtra kI pravRtti Age aura pIche donoM ora ho to use 'siMhAvalogaNa' kahA jAtA hai / 'AdiraMtyena sahetA' ke anusAra bhI 'halantyam' - sUtra meM siMhAvalokana - nyAya hai prAkRtavidyA-- aktUbara-disambara 2001 1 00111

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'sarvAsveha hi zuddhAsu jAtiSu dvijsttmaaH| zaurasenI samAzritya bhASA kAvyeSu yojayet / / ' -(nATyazAstra) artha:-he zreSTha brAhmaNo ! sabhI zuddha jAtivAle logoM ke lie zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA Azraya lekara hI kAvyoM meM bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahiye| zaurasenI prAkRta "zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra kRSNa-sampradAya kA kSetra rahA hai| isI prAkRtabhASA meM prAcIna AbhIroM ke gItoM kI madhura abhivyaMjanA huI, jinameM sarvatra kRSNa kathApuruSa rahe haiM aura yaha paramparA brajabhASA-kAvyakAla taka akSuNNarUpa se pravAhita hotI A rahI hai|" -DaoN0 surendranAtha dIkSita (bharata aura bhAratIya nATyakalA, pRSTha 75) "bhaktikAlIna hiMdI kAvya kI pramukha bhASA 'brajabhASA' hai| isake aneka kAraNa haiN| paramparA se yahA~ kI bolI zaurasenI 'madhyadeza kI kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| brajabhASA Adhunika AryabhASAkAla meM usI zaurasenI kA rUpa thii| isameM sUradAsa jaise mahAn lokapriya kavi ne racanA kI aura vaha kRSNa-bhakti ke kendra 'braja' kI bolI thI, jisase yaha kRSNa-bhakti kI bhASA bana gii|" -vizvanAtha tripAThI (hiMdI sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 18) "mathurA jaina AcAryoM kI pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra rahA hai, ataeva unakI racanAoM meM zaurasenI-pramukhatA AnA svAbhAvika hai| zvetAMbarIya AgamagranthoM kI ardhamAgadhI aura digambarIya AgamagranthoM kI zaurasenI meM yahI baDA antara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'ardhamAgadhI' meM racita AgamoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM dekhI jAtI, jabakI 'zaurasenI' meM racitabhASA kI ekarUpatA samagrabhAva se dRSTigocara hotI hai|" -DaoN0jagadIzacaMdra jaina (prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 30-31) "prAkRta boliyoM meM bolacAla kI bhASAyeM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI hai, unameM sabase prathama sthAna zaurasenI kA hai| jaisA ki usakA nAma svayaM batAtA hai, isa prAkRta ke mUla meM zUrasena ke mUla meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA hai| isa zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurA thii| -Ara. pizala (kamperiTiva grAmara oNpha prAkRta laiMgveja, praveza 30-31) prAkRtabhASA ke prayoktA __ "mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza 'zUrasena' nAma se prasiddha thA aura usa deza kI bhASA 'zaurasenI' kahalAtI thii| ukta ullekha se isa bhASA kI prAcInatA ariSTanemi se bhI pUrvavartI kAla taka pahu~catI hai|" -(maghavA zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradArazahara (rAja0) dvArA prakAzita saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa evaM koza kI paramparA' nAmaka pustaka se sAbhAra uddhRta) | 00112 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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'ahiMsA-sthala mahAmastakAbhiSeka samAroha' kIbhavya jhalakiyA~ / sarvodaya tIrtha dh| bhAvAna mahAvAra pani ahiMsA-sthala mahAmastakAbhiSeka samAroha ke suavasara para maMca para virAjamAna parameSThitrayI pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja, upAdhyAya zrI zrutasAgara jI, munizrI nirNayasAgara jI evaM munizrI Urjayanta sAgara jI mahAmastakAbhiSeka samAroha se pUrva Ayojita vidhAna prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00 113

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maMtroccAra-vidhipUrvaka hotA huA mahAmastakAbhiSeka mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke liye maMtrapUta jalabharita maMgala-kalaza 10114 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '2001

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'ahiMsA zikhara sammelana' kIbhavya jhalakiyA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra 2600 vo jana gari sA rasamma maMca para padArpaNa karate huye pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja bhagavAna mahAvIra 2600 vAM janma kalyANaka mahotsava dIkSA kalyANa ke suavasara para Ayojita ahiMsA zikhara soro korTa Adi saMtoM ke zrIcaraNoM meM zrIphala samarpita karatI huyIM zrImatI indu jaina prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '2001 00115

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bhagavAna mahAvIra 2800 vA janma kara dIkSA kalyANaka ke suavasara / ahiMsA zikhara ravivAra, disambara 2001, sIrI phora A Ayojaka bhAratIya jaina maMgala udbodhana dete huye pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja samAroha meM samAgata dharmAnurAgI bhAI-bahina 40116 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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'ahiMsA - iMTaranezanala puraskAra vitaraNa samAroha' kI kucha jhalakiyA~ hiMsA inTaranezanala puraskAra samarpaNa zaha lAla jaina sAhitya prakAra DipTImala AjI la jai kAra bhagavAnadAsa ragha jIva kAhAra pura ahiMsA-iMTaranezanala sarvazreSTha patrakAritA kA puraskAra grahaNa karate huye DaoN0 sudIpa jaina puraskAra prApti ke bAda apane udgAra vyakta karate huye DaoN0 sudIpa jaina prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara '2001 00117

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vinamra zraddhAMjali havAladA samAroha zrImahAvIrajI ke sahasrAbdI-mastakAbhiSeka samAroha meM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda munirAja se AzIrvAda grahaNa karate huye DaoN0 maNDana mishr| svanAmadhanya manISIpravara DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI divaMgata Upara mudrita citra zrImahAvIrajI kSetra para Ayojita sahasrAbdI-mastakAbhiSeka samAroha ke suavasara kA hai| isa samAroha meM apanI sahabhAgitA-hetu tathA pUjya AcAryazrI ke darzanArtha DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI vahA~ padhAre the, tathA mahAmastakAbhiSeka-samiti ne unakA sammAna kiyA thA; usI avasara para pUjya AcAryazrI se AzIrvAda lene kI sthiti meM chAyAkAra ne unakA yaha citra liyA thaa| yaha citra DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI ko itanA priya lagA ki unhoMne usI dina se apane kakSa meM pramukha sthAna para isa citra ko bar3A karAke leminezanapUrvaka lagavAyA, aura ve sadA kahate the ki "maiM to sadaiva AcAryazrI kI chatra-chAyA meM hI rahatA huuN|" ___ bhAratIya saMskRti ke gaurava-puruSa ke rUpa meM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI vaidika-saMskRti ke vizeSajJa vidvAn hote huye bhI zramaNa-saMskRti meM unakI ananya AsthA thii| ve prativarSa zrImahAvIrajI kSetra para darzanArtha jAte the, tathA vahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana ke sAtha-sAtha ve viduSI samAja-sevikA bra0 kamalAbAI jI se bhI avazya milate the; aura unake prati apane kRtajJatA ke bhAva arpita karate the| paramapUjya AcAryazrI ko to ve apane jIvana kA sarvasva mAnate the| ve kahate the ki "pUjya AcAryazrI se jitanA apAra vAtsalya maiMne prApta 00 118 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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T kiyA, utanA kRpApAtra maiM kisI kA bhI nahIM bana sakA / aura unakI yaha kRpA ahetukI thii|" prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke samunnayana ke liye bhI ve kRtasaMkalpa the, tathA saMskRta-bhASA ko svAtaMtryauttarottara bhArata meM jhopar3I se rASTrapati bhavana taka pahu~cAne ke bAda ve prAkRtabhASA ke liye samarpita the| jisa samaya vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga kI NET parIkSA se prAkRtabhASA ko haTAyA gayA, to unhoMne apanI dUradarzitApUrNa nIti se avilamba use pUrNa svataMtra ke viSaya ke rUpa meM punaH sthApita krvaayaa| unhIM kI preraNA se zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI ke yazasvI kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI ne isa vidyApITha meM svataMtra prAkRta vibhAga kI sthApanA kI / kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa kI samasta zaikSaNika evaM zodhaparaka gatividhiyoM ke ve pramukha mArgadarzaka the / yaha saMsthA unhIM ke mArgadarzana meM pragatipatha para agrasara thI / aise yazasvI saMrakSaka evaM advitIya manISI bhASAvid kA asAmayika viyoga sampUrNa saMskRta-prAkRta-jagat kI apUraNIya kSati to hai hI, vizva ke sAMskRtika evaM zaikSika kSetra meM bhI eka bahuta bar3A zUnya unake na hone se utpanna huA hai| sarvajanapriya zrI ramezacanda jaina (pI. esa. je. ) aba hamAre bIca nahIM rahe hariyANA prAnta ke rohataka nagara meM zrImAn lAlA pratApa siMha evaM mAtA zrImatI ilAyacI devI kI kokha se 9 sitambara 1939 ko eka bAlaka kA janma huA / honahAra, sevAbhAvI, kuladIpaka, kIrti pAlaka bAlaka ko nAma milA zrI ramezacanda jaina / mAnavasevA evaM maryAdAnupAlaka ye do sUtra Apako pArivArika virAsata meM mile / zrI ramezacanda zikSA kI sIr3hiyA pAra karane ke bAda vyavasAyonmukhI hue / saMkalpa niSThA parizrama milanasAritA ke bala para Apane kArobAra kI cahu~mukhI pragati kI / bhAgya, puruSArtha aura kula - puNyArtha kA sambala pAkara Apa kama samaya meM hI pramukha vyavasAyoM meM gine jAne lge| vyavasAya ke lakSya kI ora bar3hate hue ApakA dhyAna dharma aura samAja kI ora gyaa| mana kI pavitratA vANI ke mAdhurya evaM vyavahAra kI kuzalatA ke kAraNa Apane jisa saMsthA kI bhI bAgaDora saMbhAlI, use AkAza kI U~cAIyoM taka pahu~cA diyA / 'kundakunda bhAratI' jaisI pratiSThita saMsthA ke Apa saMsthApaka- maMtrI evaM AjIvana - TrasTI rahe / asAdhAraNa karmaThatA aura samanvayatkama bhAvanA zakti se 'bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala' ko prANavanta banAne meM ApakI vizeSa bhUmikA rahI / 'bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM parinirvANa-mahotsava' kI saphalatA evaM 'bhagavAn bAhubali sahasrAbdI mahotsava' evaM mahAmastikAbhiSeka meM ApakI sevAoM evaM sahayoga ko samAja zatAbdiyoM taka smaraNa karegA / Apa pI.esa.je. phAuNDezana ke adhyakSa the / Apa aneka jaina aura jainetara saMsthAoM se jIvana bhara jur3e rhe| digambara jaina mahAsamiti, digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, bhagavAn prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001 00119

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mahAvIra maimoriyala, mahAvIra vanasthalI, jaina anAtharakSaka sosAyaTI, jaina mahAsabhA, triloka zodha saMsthAna, esa.DI.o.ema.AI. mainejiMga kameTI zravaNabelgolA, guru nAnaka phAuNDezana, sanAtana dharma sabhA, paMjAbI sosAyaTI Adi aadi| vartamAna meM Apa rAnIlA tIrthakSetra ke adhyakSa the| prakhyAta samAjasevI bAbU sukumAla canda jI nahIM rahe aitihAsika nagarI hastinApura nAmaka pAvana tIrtha ke prAcIna jinamaMdira ke saMrakSaNa aura saMvarddhana ke liye samarpita dezabhara kI anekoM sAmAjika saMsthAoM ke vibhinna padoM ko suzobhita karanevAle dharmaprANa bAbU sukumAla canda jI meraThavAloM kA dinAMka 17 navambara 2001 ko dharma yAnapUrvaka deha-viyoga ho gyaa| paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke prati ananya AsthA rakhanevAle bAbU sukumAla canda jI hastinApura kI digambara jaina tIrthakSetrI kameTI ke kaI dazakoM se pradhAnamaMtrI rahe, aura Apake netRtva meM isa kSetra ne ullekhanIya pragati kii| isake sAtha hI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, digambara jaina mahAsamiti, digambara jaina pariSad, bhagavAn mahAvIra 2500vAM nirvANotsava-samiti Adi anekoM supratiSThita saMsthAoM ke pramukha padoM ko Apane vibhUSita kiyA, aura ina sabhI saMsthAoM ne Apake suyogya netRtva aura mArgadarzana meM anekoM mahattvapUrNa kArya sampAdita kiye| ** __ zrI ummedamala jaina pANDyA aba hamAre bIca nahIM rahe akhila bhAratavarSIya saMsthAoM ke prati sakriyarUpa se AjIvana samarpita, mRdubhASI, udAramanA, dAnazIla, devazAstra-guru ke ananya bhakta, zrI digambara jaina Adarza mahilA mahAvidyAlaya zrImahAvIrajI evaM tIrthakSetroM ke caturdika vikAsa meM samarpita aneka saMsthAoM ke nyAsI, zAzvata tIrtharAja zrI sammedazikhara jI Andolana ke agraNI vyaktitva, zravaNabelgolA yAtrA saMgha va mahAmastakAbhiSeka, sahasrAbdI samAroha zrImahAvIrajI, kuNDalapura mahAmastakAbhiSeka meM tana, mana, dhana se sakriya variSTha sahayogI zrI ummedamala jI pANDyA kA dinAMka 18.11.2001 ko dehAvasAna ho gayA hai| prasiddha samAjasevI zrI satIza kumAra jaina ko pitRzoka rASTriya evaM aMtarrASTrIya stara ke khyAti prApta samAjasevI evaM sAhityakAra, ahiMsA iMTaranezanala ke saMsthApaka evaM mahAsaciva zrI satIza kumAra jaina ke pitAzrI zrIcanda jaina kA dinAMka 26.11.2001 ko naI dillI meM 101 varSa kI Ayu meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| Apa apane pIche samRddha bharA-pUrA parivAra chor3a gae haiN| -sampAdaka | ina bhavyAtmAoM ke batAye huye mArga para niSThApUrvaka calane ke sAtha 'prAkRtavidyA parivAra' evaM kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa ke samasta nyAsiyoM evaM kAryakartAoM kI ora se divaMgata AtmAoM ko sugatigamana, bodhilAbha evaM zIghra niHzreyas-prApti kI | maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha apane vinamra zraddhAsumana samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka | * * 00 120 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2001

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rAjadhAnI naI dillI ke AdhyAtmika nandanavana meM sthita jJAnatIrtha - kundakunda bhAratI digambara jaina Agama-granthoM kI mAdhyama-bhASA 'zaurasenI prAkRta', jise vRhattara bhArata ke sarvAdhika vyApaka kSetra meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA kA svarUpa prApta thA, ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie kRtasaMkalpa uccastarIya zaikSika evaM zodha ke saMsthAna kA nAma hai 'kundakunda bhaartii'| ___zaurasenI prAkRta ko vaiyAkaraNoM ne anya prAkRtoM kI prakRti kahA hai--"prakRti: zaurasenI" - (AcArya vararuci, prAkRtaprakAza) tathA AcArya raviSeNa ne jise bhASAtrayI meM sAdara smRta kiyA hai "nAmAkhyAtopasargeSu nipAteSu ca sNskRtaa| prAkRtI zaurasenI ca bhASAyatra trayI smRtaa||" - (padmapurANa, 24/11) aisI mahatI bhAratIya bhASA ke pramukha jJAna-kendra kundakunda bhAratI' ke lie nirantara unnati evaM pragati-hetu hArdika zubhakAmanAoM ke sAtha 'jainabodhaka' (jainasamAja kA prAcInatama pratinidhi patra)

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(bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89) HELPFUL TO NEEDFUL arthAt 'jarUratamaMdoM ke lie madadagAra' ke AdarzavAkya ke sAtha vigata 59 varSoM se dezabhara meM sevArata yazasvI vANijyika pratiSThAna di ratnAkara baiMka li. kI Adhunikatama suvidhA sampanna brAMca kA rAjadhAnI dillI pramuza vyAvasAyika kendra-sthala 'karolabAga' meM dinAMka 10 sitambara 2001 ko 71vIM zAkhA kA zubhArambha huaa| patA : 17-e/53, DablyU0I0e0, gurudvArA roDa (jassArAma haspatAla ke sAmane), karolabAga, naI dillI-110005 vizeSa :- navambara ke prathama saptAha se A.T.M. kI suvidhA bhI prArambha hogI samparka mAdhyama : phona : 91-11-573 0452 TelIphaiksa : 91-11-573 0451 TelIbaiMkiga : 91-11-573 0453 Printed by : DHOOMI MAL VISHAL CHAND Tel.: 3266775, 3269186