Kavya Prakash Dwitya Trutiya Ullas

Author(s): Yashovijay
Publisher: Yashobharti Jain Prakashan Samiti
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034217/1

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"aho ! zrutajJAnam" graMtha jIrNoddhAra 183 kAvyaprakAza ullAsa 2 ane 3 TIkA upAdhyAya yazovijayajI : dravya sahAyaka : zrI kacchavAgaDa samudAyanA adhyAtmayogI pU. A. zrI kalApUrNasUrIzvarajI ma.sA.nA ziSya pU. A. zrI tIrthabhadrasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. nI preraNAthI zrI kanaka-kalApUrNa pada pravajyA samitI taraphathI jJAnakhAtAnI upajamAMthI : saMyojaka : zAha bAbulAla saremala beDAvALA zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra zA. vimaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-5 (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543 saMvata 2071 I. 2015

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aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra - saMvata 2065 (I. 2009) seTa naM.-1 prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI skena DIvIDI banAI usakI suucii| yaha pustake www.ahoshrut.org vebasAiTa se bhI DAunaloDa kara sakate haiN| pustakanuM nAma kramAMka pRSTha kartA-TIkAkAra-saMpAdaka pU. vikramasUrijI ma.sA. pU. jinadAsagaNi cUrNIkAra pU. meghavijayajI gaNi ma. sA. 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra saMyojaka - zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543 - ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vImaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda - 05. 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 zrI naMdIsUtra avacUrI zrI uttarAdhyayana sUtra cUrNI zrI arhadgItA bhagavadgItA zrI arhaccUDAmaNi sArasaTIkaH zrI yUkti prakAzasUtraM zrI mAnatuGgazAstram aparAjitapRcchA zilpa smRti vAstu vidyAyAm zilparatnam bhAga - 1 zilparatnam bhAga - 2 prAsAdatilaka kAzyazilpam prAsAdamaJjarI rAjavallabha yAne zilpazAstra zilpadIpaka vAstusAra dIpArNava uttarArdha jinaprAsAda mArtaNDa jaina graMthAvalI hIrakalaza jaina jyotiSa | nyAyapravezaH bhAga-1 dIpArNava pUrvArdha | anekAnta jayapatAkAkhyaM bhAga - 1 | anekAnta jayapatAkAkhyaM bhAga-2 prAkRta vyAkaraNa bhASAMtara saha tattpopaplavasiMhaH zaktivAdAdarzaH kSIrArNava vedhavAstu prabhAkara pU. bhadrabAhusvAmI ma.sA. pU. padmasAgarajI gaNi ma.sA. pU. mAnatuMgavijayajI ma.sA. zrI bI. bhaTTAcArya | zrI naMdalAla cunilAla somapurA zrIkumAra ke. sabhAtsava zAstrI zrIkumAra ke. sabhAtsava zAstrI zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI zrI vinAyaka gaNeza ApaTe zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI zrI nArAyaNa bhAratI goMsAI zrI gaMgAdharajI praNIta zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI zrI naMdalAla cunIlAla somapurA zrI jaina zvetAmbara konphransa zrI himmatarAma mahAzaMkara jAnI zrI AnaMdazaMkara bI. dhruva zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI pU. municaMdrasUrijI ma. sA. zrI eca. Ara. kApaDIA zrI becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI zrI jayarAzI bhaTTa, bI. bhaTTAcArya zrI sudarzanAcArya zAstrI zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI zrI prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI 238 286 84 18 48 54 810 850 322 280 162 302 156 352 120 88 110 498 502 454 226 640 452 500 454 188 214 414 192

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824 288 30 | zinjaratnAkara prAsAda maMDana zrI siddhahema bRhadavRtti bRhannyAsa adhyAya-1 | zrI siddhahema bRhadvRtti bRhannyAsa adhyAya-2 zrI siddhahema bRhavRtti bRhannyAsa adhyAya-3 zrI narmadAzaMkara zAstrI | paM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina pU. lAvaNyasUrijI ma.sA. pU. bhAvasUrinI ma.sA. 520 034 (). pU. bhAvasUri ma.sA. zrI siddhahema bRhavRtti bRhannyAsa adhyAya-3 (2) 324 302 196 039. 190 040 | tilaka 202 480 228 60 044 218 036. | zrI siddhahema bRhavRtti bRhannyAsa adhyAya-5 037 vAstunighaMTu 038 | tilakamannarI bhAga-1 tilakamagnarI bhAga-2 tilakamajharI bhAga-3 sakhasandhAna mahAkAvyam saptabhaphImimAMsA nyAyAvatAra vyutpattivAda guDhArthatattvaloka sAmAnya niryukti guDhArthatattvAloka 046 saptabhInayapradIpa bAlabodhinIvivRttiH vyutpattivAda zAstrArthakalA TIkA nayopadeza bhAga-1 taraSiNIkaraNI nayopadeza bhAga-2 tarakiNItaraNI nyAyasamuccaya cAdyArthaprakAzaH dina zuddhi prakaraNa 053 bRhad dhAraNA yaMtra 05 | jyotirmahodaya pU. bhAvasUrinI ma.sA. pU. bhAvasUrina ma.sA. prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI somapurA pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. vijayaamRtasUrizvarajI pU. paM. zivAnandavijayajI satiSacaMdra vidyAbhUSaNa zrI dharmadattasUri (bacchA jhA) zrI dharmadattasUri (bacchA jhA) pU. lAvaNyasUrijI. zrIveNImAdhava zAstrI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. lAvaNyasUrijI pU. darzanavijayajI pU. darzanavijayajI sa. pU. akSayavijayajI 045 190 138 296 (04) 210 274 286 216 532 113 112

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| zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAna bhaMDAra bhASA | 218. | 164 saMyojaka - bAbulAla saremala zAha zAha vImaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIzana sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, mahAvAha-04. (mo.) 8427585804 (yo) 2213 2543 (5-mela) ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com maho zrutajJAnamajtha ddhiAra - saMvata 2075 (5. 2010)- seTa naM-2 prAyaH jIrNa aprApya pustakone skena karAvIne DI.vI.DI. banAvI tenI yAdI. yA pustasI www.ahoshrut.org vebasAITa 52thI ugl stGirls sii zAze. krama pustakanuM nAma tA-TI8152-saMpaES pRSTha 055 | zrI siddhahema bRhavRtti bRhadanyAsa adhyAya-6 | pU. lAvaNyasUrijI ma.sA. 296 056 | vividha tIrtha kalpa pa. jinavijayajI ma.sA. 160 057 lAratIya Tana bhe| saMskRti sanomana pU. pUNyavijayajI ma.sA. 058 | siddhAntalakSaNagUDhArtha tattvalokaH zrI dharmadattasUri 202 059 | vyApti paJcaka vivRtti TIkA zrI dharmadattasUri jaina saMgIta rAgamALA zrI mAMgaroLa jaina saMgIta maMDaLI | 306 061 | caturviMzatIprabandha (prabaMdha koza) | zrI rasikalAla eca. kApaDIA 062 | vyutpattivAda Adarza vyAkhyayA saMpUrNa 6 adhyAya |saM zrI sudarzanAcArya 668 063 | candraprabhA hemakaumudI saM pU. meghavijayajI gaNi 516 064| viveka vilAsa saM/. | zrI dAmodara goviMdAcArya 268 065 | paJcazatI prabodha prabaMdha | pU. mRgendravijayajI ma.sA. 456 066 | sanmatitattvasopAnam | saM pU. labdhisUrijI ma.sA. 420 06764zamAtA vahI guzanuvAha gu4. pU. hemasAgarasUrijI ma.sA. 638 068 | moharAjAparAjayam saM pU. caturavijayajI ma.sA. 192 069 | kriyAkoza saM/hiM zrI mohanalAla bAMThiyA 428 070 | kAlikAcAryakathAsaMgraha saM/. | zrI aMbAlAla premacaMda 406 071 | sAmAnyanirukti caMdrakalA kalAvilAsa TIkA | saM. zrI vAmAcaraNa bhaTTAcArya 308 072 | janmasamudrajAtaka saM/hiM zrI bhagavAnadAsa jaina 128 meghamahodaya varSaprabodha saM/hiM zrI bhagavAnadAsa jaina 532 on jaina sAmudrikanAM pAMca graMtho 14. zrI himmatarAma mahAzaMkara jAnI 376 060 322 073

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075 076 saMgIta nATya rUpAvalI 077 1 bhAratano jaina tIrtho ane tenuM zilpasthApatya 079 zilpa cintAmaNi bhAga-1 080 bRha6 zilpa zAstra bhAga - 1 081 bRha6 zilpa zAstra bhAga - 2 jaina citra kalpabUma bhAga-1 jaina citra kalpavrUma bhAga-2 082 ha zilpazAstra bhAga - 3 O83 AyurvedhanA anubhUta prayogo bhAga-1 084 lyAe 125 ORS vizvalocana koza 086 | SthA ratna choza bhAga-1 0875thA ratna choza bhAga-2 hastasagrIvanam 088 089 090 endracaturvizanikA sammati tarka mahArNavAvatArikA gubha. zubha, gubha. gubha. zubha zrI sArAbhAI navAba zrI sArAbhAI navAba zrI vidyA sArAbhAI navAba zrI sArAbhAI navAba saM. zrI manasukhalAla bhudaramala zrI jagannAtha aMbArAma zubha. zubha. zubha. zubha, gu4. saM.hiM zrI naMdalAla zarmA gubha. gubha. saM saM. zrI jagannAtha aMbArAma zrI jagannAtha aMbArAma pU. kAntisAgarajI zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI zrI becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI zrI becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI pU. meghavijayajIgaNi pU.yazovijayajI, pU. puNyavijayajI AcArya zrI vijayadarzanasUrijI 374 238 194 192 254 260 238 260 114 910 436 336 230 322 114 560

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zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra krama 272 240 saM. 254 282 466 342 362 134 70 316 224 612 307 saMyojaka-zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543 - ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vImaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-05. aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra - saMvata 2067 (I. 2011) seTa naM.-3 prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI skena DIvIDI banAI usakI suucii| yaha pustake www.ahoshrut.org vebasAiTa se bhI DAunaloDa kara sakate haiN| | pustaka nAma kartA TIkAkAra bhASA saMpAdaka/prakAzaka 91 | syAdvAda ratnAkara bhAga-1 vAdidevasUrijI saM. motIlAla lAghAjI punA 92 | | syAdvAda ratnAkara bhAga-2 vAdidevasUrijI | motIlAla lAghAjI punA 93 | syAdvAda ratnAkara bhAga-3 bAdidevasUrijI | motIlAla lAghAjI punA 94 | | syAdvAda ratnAkara bhAga-4 bAdidevasUrijI motIlAla lAghAjI punA | syAdvAda ratnAkara bhAga-5 vAdidevasUrijI | motIlAla lAghAjI punA 96 | pavitra kalpasUtra puNyavijayajI sArAbhAI navAba 97 | samarAGgaNa sUtradhAra bhAga-1 bhojadeva | TI. gaNapati zAstrI 98 | samarAGgaNa sUtradhAra bhAga-2 bhojadeva | TI. gaNapati zAstrI 99 | bhuvanadIpaka padmaprabhasUrijI | veMkaTeza presa 100 | gAthAsahastrI samayasuMdarajI saM. | sukhalAlajI 101 | bhAratIya prAcIna lipImAlA | gaurIzaMkara ojhA hindI | munzIrAma manohararAma 102 | zabdaratnAkara sAdhusundarajI saM. haragovindadAsa becaradAsa 103 | sabodhavANI prakAza nyAyavijayajI |sN./g / hemacaMdrAcArya jaina sabhA 104 | laghu prabaMdha saMgraha jayaMta pI. ThAkara saM. orIenTa insTITyuTa baroDA 105 | jaina stotra saMcaya-1-2-3 mANikyasAgarasUrijI saM, AgamoddhAraka sabhA 106 | sanmati tarka prakaraNa bhAga-1,2,3 siddhasena divAkara sukhalAla saMghavI 107 | sanmati tarka prakaraNa bhAga-4.5 siddhasena divAkara sukhalAla saMghavI 108 | nyAyasAra - nyAyatAtparyadIpikA satiSacaMdra vidyAbhUSaNa esiyATIka sosAyaTI 109 | jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga-1 puraNacaMdra nAhara | puraNacaMdra nAhara 110 | jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga-2 puraNacaMdra nAhara saM./hi puraNacaMdra nAhara 111 | jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga-3 puraNacaMdra nAhara saM./hi / puraNacaMdra nAhara 112 | | jaina dhAtu pratimA lekha bhAga-1 kAMtivijayajI saM./hi | jinadattasUri jJAnabhaMDAra 113 | jaina pratimA lekha saMgraha daulatasiMha loDhA saM./hi | aravinda dhAmaNiyA 114 | rAdhanapura pratimA lekha saMdoha vizAlavijayajI saM./gu | yazovijayajI graMthamALA 115 | prAcina lekha saMgraha-1 vijayadharmasUrijI saM./gu | yazovijayajI graMthamALA 116 | bIkAnera jaina lekha saMgraha agaracaMda nAhaTA saM./hi nAhaTA bradharsa 117 | prAcIna jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga-1 jinavijayajI saM./hi | jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA 118 | prAcina jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga-2 jinavijayajI saM./hi | jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA 119 | gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekho-1 girajAzaMkara zAstrI saM./gu | phArvasa gujarAtI sabhA 120 | gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekho-2 girajAzaMkara zAstrI saM./gu | phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA 121 | gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekho-3 girajAzaMkara zAstrI phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA 122 | oNparezana ina sarca oNpha saMskRta menyu. ina muMbaI sarkala-1 | pI. pITarasana raoNyala eziyATIka jarnala 123|| | oNparezana ina sarca oNpha saMskRta menyu. ina muMbaI sarkala-4 pI. pITarasana raoNyala eziyATIka jarnala 124 | oNparezana ina sarca oNpha saMskRta menyu. ina muMbaI sarkala-5 pI. pITarasana raoNyala eziyATIka jarnala 125 | kalekzana oNpha prAkRta enDa saMskRta inskrIpzansa pI. pITarasana | bhAvanagara ArcIoNlaoNjIkala DipA. 126 | vijayadeva mAhAtmyam | jinavijayajI saM. jaina satya saMzodhaka 514 454 354 saM./hi 337 354 372 142 336 364 218 656 122 764 404 404 540 274 saM./gu 414 400

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zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra 754 194 3101 276 69 100 136 266 244 saMyojaka-zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543 - ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vImaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-05. aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra - saMvata 2068 (I. 2012) seTa naM.-4 prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI skena DIvIDI banAI usakI suucii| yaha pustake www.ahoshrut.org vebasAiTa se bhI DAunaloDa kara sakate haiN| krama | pustaka nAma kartA / saMpAdaka bhASA | prakAzaka 127 | mahAprabhAvika navasmaraNa sArAbhAI navAba guja. sArAbhAI navAba 128 | jaina citra kalpalatA sArAbhAI navAba guja. sArAbhAI navAba 129 | jaina dharmano prAcIna itihAsa bhAga-2 hIrAlAla haMsarAja guja. hIrAlAla haMsarAja 130 | oparezana ina sarca opha saM. menyu. bhAga-6 pI. pITarasana aMgrejI | eziyATIka sosAyaTI 131 | jaina gaNita vicAra kuMvarajI ANaMdajI guja. jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA 132 | daivajJa kAmadhenu (prAcina jyotiSa graMtha) zIla khaMDa saM. | braja. bI. dAsa banArasa 133 || | karaNa prakAzaH brahmadeva saM./aM. | sudhAkara dvivedi 134 | nyAyavizArada maho. yazovijayajI svahastalikhita kRti saMgraha | yazodevasUrijI guja. | yazobhAratI prakAzana 135 | bhaugolika koza-1 DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa guja. | gujarAta barnAkyulara sosAyaTI 136 | bhaugolika koza-2 DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa guja. | gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTI 137 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-1 aMka-1,2 jinavijayajI hindI | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 138 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-1 aMka-3, 4 jinavijayajI hindI / jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 139 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-2 aMka-1, 2 jinavijayajI hindI | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 140 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-2 aMka-3, 4 jinavijayajI hindI | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 141 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-3 aMka-1,2 / / jinavijayajI hindI | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 142 | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka varSa-3 aMka-3, 4 jinavijayajI hindI | jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka punA 143 | navapadonI AnupUrvI bhAga-1 somavijayajI guja. zAha bAbulAla savacaMda 144 | navapadonI AnupUrvI bhAga-2 somavijayajI | zAha bAbulAla savacaMda 145 | navapadonI AnupUrvI bhAga-3 somavijayajI guja. zAha bAbulAla savacaMda 146 | bhASavati zatAnaMda mArachatA saM./hi | eca.bI. guptA enDa sansa banArasa 147 | jaina siddhAMta kaumudI (ardhamAgadhI vyAkaraNa) ratnacaMdra svAmI prA./saM. | bhairodAna seThIyA 148 | maMtrarAja guNakalpa mahodadhi jayadayAla zarmA hindI | jayadayAla zarmA 149 | phakkIkA ratnamaMjUSA-1, 2 kanakalAla ThAkUra saM. harikRSNa nibaMdha 150 | anubhUta siddha vizAyaMtra (cha kalpa saMgraha) meghavijayajI saM./guja | mahAvIra graMthamALA 151 | sArAvali kalyANa vardhana saM. pAMDuraMga jIvAjI 152 | jyotiSa siddhAMta saMgraha vizvezvaraprasAda dvivedI saM. bIjabhUSaNadAsa banArasa 153| jJAna pradIpikA tathA sAmudrika zAstram rAmavyAsa pAnDeya saM. | jaina siddhAMta bhavana nUtana saMkalana | A. caMdrasAgarasUrijI jJAnabhaMDAra - ujjaina hastaprata sUcIpatra hindI | zrI AzApuraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra 2 | zrI gujarAtI zve.mU. jaina saMgha-hastaprata bhaMDAra - kalakattA | hastaprata sUcIpatra hindI | zrI AzApuraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra 274 168 282 182 guja. 384 376 387 174 320 286 272 142 260 232 160

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zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra saMyojaka - zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vImaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-05. aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra krama viSaya saMpAdaka/prakAzaka prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI skena DIvIDI banAI usakI suucii| yaha pustake www.ahoshrut.org vebasAiTa se bhI DAunaloDa kara sakate haiN| pustaka nAma 154 uNAdi sUtro opha hemacaMdrAcArya 155 | uNAdi gaNa vivRtti karttA / saMpAdaka pU. hemacaMdrAcArya pU. hemacaMdrAcArya 156 prAkRta prakAza-saTIka 157 dravya parikSA aura dhAtu utpatti 158 Arambhasidhdhi saTIka 159 khaMDaharo kA vaibhava 160 bAlabhArata 161 giranAra mAhAtmya 162 | giranAra galpa 163 praznottara sArdha zataka 164 bhAratiya saMpAdana zAstra 165 vibhaktyartha nirNaya 166 vyoma vatI - 1 167 vyoma vatI - 2 168 jaina nyAyakhaMDa khAdyam 169 haritakAvyAdi nighaMTU 170 yoga ciMtAmaNi- saTIka 171 vasaMtarAja zakunam 172 mahAvidyA viDaMbanA 173 jyotirnibandha 174 meghamAlA vicAra 175 muhUrta ciMtAmaNi- saTIka 176 | mAnasollAsa saTIka - 1 177 mAnasollAsa saTIka - 2 178 jyotiSa sAra prAkRta 179 muhUrta saMgraha 180 hindu esTrolojI bhAmAha Thakkara pherU pU. udayaprabhadevasUrijI pU. kAntIsAgarajI pU. amaracaMdrasUrijI daulatacaMda paraSottamadAsa pU. lalitavijayajI pU. kSamAkalyANavijayajI mUlarAja jaina giridhara jhA zivAcArya zivAcArya saMvata 2069 (I. 2013) seTa naM. 5 - - yazovijayajI vyAkaraNa vyAkaraNa vyAkaraNa dhAtu jyotISa zIlpa prakaraNa sAhitya nyAya nyAya nyAya upA. nyAya bhAva mizra Ayurveda pU. harSakIrtisUrijI Ayurveda jyotiSa pU. bhAnucandra gaNi TIkA jyotiSa pU. bhuvanasundarasUri TIkA zivarAja jyotiSa jyotiSa pU. vijayaprabhasUrI rAmakRta pramitAkSaya TIkA jyotiSa bhulAkamalla somezvara jyotiSa bhulAkamalla somezvara jyotiSa bhagavAnadAsa jaina jyotiSa aMbAlAla zarmA jyotiSa pitAmbaradAsa trIbhovanadAsa jyotiSa kAvya tIrtha tIrtha bhASA saMskRta saMskRta prAkRta saMskRta/hindI saMskRta hindI saMskRta saMskRta / gujarAtI saMskRta/ gujarAtI hindI hindI saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta / hindI saMskRta/hindI saMskRta / hindI saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta/ gujarAtI saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta prAkRta / hindI gujarAtI gujarAtI johana kriSTe pU. manoharavijayajI jaya kRSNadAsa guptA bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA pU. jitendravijayajI bhAratIya jJAnapITha paM. zIvadatta jaina patra haMsakavijaya phrI lAyabrerI sAdhvIjI vicakSaNAzrIjI jaina vidyAbhavana, lAhora caukhambA prakAzana saMpUrNAnaMda saMskRta yunivarsiTI saMpUrNAnaMda saMskRta vidyAlaya badrInAtha zukla zIva zarmA lakSmI veMkaTeza presa khemarAja kRSNadAsa senTrala lAyabrerI AnaMda Azrama meghajI hIrajI anUpa mizra orienTa insTITyUTa orienTa insTITyUTa bhagavAnadAsa jaina zAstrI jagannAtha parazurAma dvivedI pitAmbaradAsa TI. mahetA pRSTha 304 122 208 70 310 462 512 264 144 256 75 488 226 365 190 480 352 596 250 391 114 238 166 368 88 356 168

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krama 181 182 183 zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra saMyojaka - zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vimaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-380005. aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra saMvata 2071 ( I. 2015) seTa naM.-6 - - - 192 pustaka nAma kAvyaprakAza bhAga-1 kAvyaprakAza bhAga-2 kAvyaprakAza ullAsa-2 ane 3 184 nRtyaratna koza bhAga-1 185 nRtyaratna koza bhAga-2 186 nRtyAdhyAya 187 saMgIratnAkara bhAga-1 saTIka 188 saMgIratnAkara bhAga 2 saTIka 189 saMgIratnAkara bhAga-3 saTIka 190 saMgIratnAkara bhAga-4 saTIka 191 saMgIta makaranda saMgIta nRtya 'ane nATya saMbaMdhI jaina graMtho 193 nyAyaviMdu saTIka 194 zIghrabodha bhAga-1 thI 5 195 zIghrabodha bhAga-6 zrI 10 196 zIghrabodha bhAga- 11 thI 15 197 zIghrabodha bhAga-16 thI 20 198 zIghrabodha bhAga- 21 thI 25 199 adhyAtmasAra saTIka 200 | chandonuzAsana 200 | maggAnusAriyA prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI skena DIvIDI banAI usakI sUcI / yaha pustake www.ahoshrut.org vebasAiTa se bhI DAunaloDa kara sakate haiN| viSaya karttA / saMpAdaka pUjya mammaTAcArya kRta pUjya mammaTAcArya kRta upA. yazovijayajI zrI kumbhakarNa nRpati zrI kumbhakarNa nRpati zrI azokamalajI zrI sAraMgadeva zrI sAraMgadeva zrI sAraMgadeva zrI sAraMgadeva nArada zrI hIrAlAla kApaDIyA pUjya dharmotarAcArya pUjya jJAnasundarajI pUjya jJAnasundarajI pUjya jJAnasundarajI pUjya jJAnasundarajI pUjya jJAnasundarajI pUjya gaMbhIravijayajI eca. DI. belanakara zrI DI. esa zAha bhASA saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta saMskRta / hindI saMskRta/aMgrejI saMskRta/aMgrejI saMskRta/aMgrejI saMskRta/aMgrejI saMskRta gujarAtI saMskRta hindI hindI hindI hindI hindI saMskRta/gujarAtI saMskRta saMskRta/gujarAtI saMpAdaka / prakAzaka pUjya jinavijayajI pUjya jinavijayajI yazobhArati jaina prakAzana samiti zrI rasIkalAla choTAlAla zrI rasIkalAla choTAlAla zrI vAcaspati gairobhA zrI subramaNyama zAstrI zrI subramaNyama zAstrI zrI subramaNyama zAstrI zrI subramaNyama zAstrI zrI maMgeza rAmakRSNa telaMga mukti-kamala zrI caMdrazekhara zAstrI -jaina mohana graMthamAlA sukhasAgara jJAna prasAraka sabhA sukhasAgara jJAna prasAraka sabhA sukhasAgara jJAna prasAraka sabhA sukhasAgara jJAna prasAraka sabhA sukhasAgara jJAna prasAraka sabhA narottamadAsa bhAnajI siMghI jaina zAstra zikSApITha jJAtaputra bhagavAna mahAvIra TrasTa pRSTha 364 222 330 156 248 504 448 444 616 632 84 244 220 422 304 446 414 409 476 444 146

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krama pustaka nAma 202 | AcArAMga sUtra bhAga - 1 niyukti + TIkA 203 | AcArAMga sUtra bhAga - 2 niryukti+ TIkA 204 | AcArAMga sUtra bhAga - 3 niryukti+TIkA 205 | AcArAMga sUtra bhAga-4 niyukti+TIkA 206 | AcArAMga sUtra bhAga - 5 niryukti+ TIkA 207 suyagaDAMga sUtra bhAga - 1 saTIka 208 | suyagaDAMga sUtra bhAga - 2 saTIka 209 suyagaDAMga sUtra bhAga - 3 saTIka 210 suyagaDAMga sUtra bhAga-4 saTIka 211 suyagaDAMga sUtra bhAga - 5 saTIka 212 rAyapaseNiya sUtra 213 prAcIna tIrthamALA bhAga 1 214 dhAtu pArAyaNam 215 | siddhahema zabdAnuzAsana laghuvRtti bhAga - 1 216 | siddhahema zabdAnuzAsana laghuvRtti bhAga-2 217 | siddhama zabdAnuzAsana laghuvRtti bhAga-3 218 tArkika rakSA sAra saMgraha 219 zrI AzApUraNa pArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAra saMyojaka - zAha bAbulAla saremala - (mo.) 9426585904 (o.) 22132543. E-mail : ahoshrut.bs@gmail.com zAha vimaLAbena saremala javeracaMdajI beDAvALA bhavana hIrAjaina sosAyaTI, rAmanagara, sAbaramatI, amadAvAda - 380005. aho zrutajJAnam graMtha jIrNoddhAra - saMvata 2072 (I. 2016) seTa naM.-7 prAyaH aprApya prAcIna pustakoM kI DijiTAijhezana dvArA DIvIDI banAI usakI sUcI / 220 221 vAdArtha saMgraha bhAga - 1 (sphoTa tattva nirUpaNa, sphoTa candrikA, pratipAdika saMjJAvAda, vAkyavAda, vAkyadIpikA) | vAdArtha saMgraha bhAga - 2 ( SaTkAraka vivecana, kAraka vAdArtha, samAsavAdArtha, vakAravAdArtha) vAdArtha saMgraha bhAga-3 (vAdasudhAkara, laghuvibhaktyartha nirNaya, zAbdabodhaprakAzikA) 222 | vAdArtha saMgraha bhAga-4 (AkhyAta zaktivAda chaH TIkA) karttA / TikAkAra bhASA zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI zIlaMkAcArya gujarAtI zrI malayagiri gujarAtI zrI becaradAsa dozI A. zrI dharmasUri saM./ gujarAtI zrI yazovijayajI graMthamALA saMskRta zrI hemacaMdrAcArya A. zrI municaMdrasUri zrI hemacaMdrAcArya saM./ gujarAtI zrI becaradAsa dozI zrI hemacaMdrAcArya saM./ gujarAtI zrI hemacaMdrAcArya saM./ gujarAtI A. zrI varadarAja saMskRta vividha kartA saMskRta vividha kartA saMskRta vividha kartA saMskRta raghunAtha ziromaNi saMskRta saMpAdaka / prakAzaka zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI mANeka muni zrI becaradAsa dozI zrI becaradAsa dozI rAjakIya saMskRta pustakAlaya mahAdeva zarmA mahAdeva zarmA mahAdeva zarmA mahAdeva zarmA pRSTha 285 280 315 307 361 301 263 395 386 351 260 272 530 648 510 560 427 88 78 112 228

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zrIyazomAratI-jaina-prakAzana-puSpam-5 zrImammaTAcArya-viracitaH saTIkastadanusAri-hindyanuvAdabhUSitaH kAvya-prakAzaH [dvitIya-tRtIyollAsAtmakaH] --TIkAkArA:nyAyavizArada-nyAyAcArya-mahopAdhyAya. pU. zrImad yazovijayajImahArAjAH pradhAna-sampAdakaH saMyojakazca pU0 jainamuniH zrIyazovijayajImahArAjaH -sAhityakalA-ratnam hindI-bhASAnuvAdakaH DaoN0 harSanAthamizra : ema0 e0 (saM0 hi0), pI-eca0 DI0 vyAkaraNa-sAhityAcAryaH sampAdaka upodghAtalekhakazca DaoN0 rudradevatripAThI ema0 e0 (saM0 hi0), pI-eca. DI. sAhitya-sAMkhyayogadarzanAcAryaH, kAvya-purANatIrthaH anusandhAnavibhAgapravAcako'dhyakSazcazrIlAlabahAdurazAstrIkendrIyasaMskRta-vidyApITham, naI dillI-21 prakAzikA zrIyazobhAratIjainaprakAzanasamitiH bambaI

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prakAzikA : zrIyazobhAratIjanaprakAzanasamitiH dvArA-je0 cittaraMjana eNDa kampanI . 312, mekara bhavana 3, 21, nyU marInalAinsa, bambaI-400.020 prathamAvRttiH pratayaH 500 mUlyam 25-00 rUpyakAriNa vi. saM. 2032] [I0 sa0 1976 vIra saM. 2601 (c) sarve'dhikArAH prakAzikA-samityadhInAH / prAptisthAna-yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana samiti dvArA- kAntilAla DI0 korA 5-48 mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya agasta krAntimArga, bambaI-26 mudraka : vizAla priMTiMga presa, rUpanagara, dillI (mUla evaM sAta TIkA bhAga) amara priMTiMga presa, 8/25 vijaya ngr-dillii| (zeSa bhAga)

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Shri Yashobharati Jain Publication Series-$5 KAVYA-PRAKASH OF ACHARYA-MAMMATA (2nd & 3rd ullasa only) With the Sanskrit Commentary By Nyaya-visharada, Nyayacharya, Mahopadhyaya SRIMAD YASHOVIJAYAJI MAHARAJ Chief Editor Jain muni. Shri. Yashovijayaji Maharaj Sahitya-Kala-ratna Hindi Translator Dr. Harsha Nath Mishra M. A., Ph. D. Vyakarana-Sahityacharya Editor and Preface Writer Dr. Rudra Deo Tripathi, M. A., Ph. D. Sahitya-Sankhya-yoga-Darshanacharya, Readar Reasarch Department Shri L. B. S Skt. Vidyapeeth, New Delhi-21 Publisher Shri Yashobharati Jain Prakashan Samiti Bombay

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Publisher Shri Yasbobharti Jain Prakasban Samiti c/o, M/s J. Chittaranjan & Co. 312, Maker Bhawan 101 21, New Marine Lines, Bombay-4000020 (India) First Edition Copies /500 Price Rs. 25.00 Vikrama Samyat-2032; Vir samvat 2601;. A. D. 1976 Shri Yashobharati Jain prakashan Samiti BOMBAY Distribution Center Shri Yasho Bharti Jain prakashan Samiti Clo, Kanti Lal D. Kora. 46. Mahavir Jain Vidyalaya, August Kranti Marg. BOMBAY-26 Printers : Vishal Printers, Roop Nagar, Delhi Amar Printing Press, 8/25, Vijay Nagar, Delhi

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kAvya-prakAza ke pradhAna sampAdakIya purovacana evaM sampAdakIya-upoddhAta meM cacita viSayoM kI sUcI viSaya pradhAna sampAdakIya purovacana upakrama 'kAvya-prakAza' eka grantha maNi.. kAvya-prakAza kI sarvamAnya vizeSatAeM mammaTa kI vidvattA aura kAvyaprakAza kA dizAsUcana kAvyaprakAza ke mUla kA svarUpa-paricaya upAdhyAyajI dvArA racita prastuta TIkA ke sambandha meM -puNyAtmA puNyavijayajI dvArA likhita presakaoNpI upAdhyAya jI ke svahastAkSara kI upalabdha prati kAvyaprakAza ke prAdya TIkAkAra kauna the ? merI bhAvanA aura cintA sampAdana kI vidhi prastuta TIkA meM kyA hai ? . . kucha prastuta kRti ke sambandha meMpANDulipi paricaya abhivAdana prakAzanasambandhI bhAvI citra pradhAna sampAdakanuM purovacana (gujarAtI bhASA meM) ___ upodghAta (sampAdakIya) 1. kavi aura kAvya . 2. kAvyazAstra kA udaya aura paramparA 3. nATyavidhAnamUlaka grantha aura granthakAra 4. kevala alaGkAra-vidhAnamUlaka grantha aura granthakAra 5. kAvyalakSaNa se alaGkAra-paryanta vivecaka grantha aura granthakAra 6. kevala rasa-vivecaka grantha aura granthakAra 7. kevala dhvani, kevala vRtti, dhvani-virodha prAdi ke grantha aura granthakAra 5. chandaHzAstrIya grantha aura granthakAra 6. kavi aura kAvyazikSA ke grantha aura granthakAra 10. TIkA aura TIkAkAra

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jaMna vidvAnoM dvArA praNIta kAvyazAstrIya grantha aitihAsika paryAlodhana jainAcAryoM dvArA kie gae kAvyazAstrIya-cintana ke prakAra 1. kavi zikSA-grantha mora granthakAra (5 grantha aura 11 TIkAe~) 2. alaGkAra-grantha aura granthakAra (21 grantha tathA 18 TIkAeM) 3. nATyazAstra ke grantha paura granthakAra (1 anya tathA 1 TIkA) 4. chandaHzAstra ke anya pora andhakAra (3 grantha tathA TIkAe~) 5. bhajana kAvyazAstrIya granthoM para jaina mAcAryoM kI TIkAeM (13 grantha tathA 2 TIkAe~) 6. parjana chandaHzAstrIya granthoM para jana prAcAryoM kI TIkAe~ (3 grantha tathA TIkAe~) vAgdevatAvatAra AcArya mammaTa janmasthAna tathA janmakAla-sambandhI dhAraNAeM kAvyaprakAza aura usakA mahattva kAvyaprakAza kA TIkA-sAhitya kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAra 1. 'saGkata'-prAcArya maNikyacandrasUri (san 1115 I0 janmakAla) 2. kAvya-prakAza-saGketa-rAjAnaka ruyyaka (rucaka) (san 1135-60 I0 anumAnita) 3. kAvyAdarza-saGkata-somezvara bhaTTa (san 1225 I0 anumAnita) 4. bAlacittAnuraJjanI-(narahari) sarasvatI tIrtha (san 1241-42) 5. kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA-purohita jayanta bhaTTa (san 1294 I0 racanAkAla) 6. kAvyaprakAza-viveka-zrIdhara ThakkUra tarkAcArya (terahavIM zatI I. kA prathama caraNa) 7. kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA-mahAmahopAdhyAya zrIcaNDIdAsa (san 1270 I. ke nikaTa) . 8. sAhitya-cUDAmaNi-lauhitya bhaTTa gopAlasUri (13vIM zatI I0) 6. tattva-parIkSA-subuddhi mizra (terahavIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) 10. kAvya-prakAza-darpaNa-vizvanAtha kavirAja (1325 se 1375 I.) 11. sAhitya-dIpikA-bhAskarabhaTTa (caudahavIM zatI I0) 12. laghUTIkA-zrIvidyAcakravartI (14vIM zatI I0) 13. sampradAya-prakAzinI-(bRhaTTIkA)-zrIvidyAcakravatI (14vIM zatI I.). 14. TIkA-pracyutaThakkura tarkAcArya (san 1425 I0 se 1500 I0) 15. TIkA-vAcaspati mizra (san 1450 se 1500 I.) 16. kAvya-darpaNa-ma. ma. ralapANi (manopara) Thakkura (san 1450 I0 se 1500 I0) 17. TIkA-ma0 ma0 pakSadhara mizra (san 1454 I.) 18. TIkA-padmanAbha mizra (14vIM zatI I0) 19. TIkA-ratnezvara mizra (14vIM zatI I0) 20. TIkA-puNDarIka vidyAsAgara (15vIM zatI I0 se pUrva) 21. vistArikA-paramAnanda cakravartI bhaTTAcArya (15vIM zatI I0)

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22. sArabodhinI - zrIvatsalAJchana bhaTTAcArya ( 15vIM zatAbdI I0) 23. TIkA - yazodharopAdhyAya (san 1500 I0 ke nikaTa ) 24. kAvya-pradIpa -- chAyA - ma0 ma0 govinda Thakkura (15vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga ) 25. udAharaNa- dIpikA - ma0 ma. govinda Thakkara (15vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga ) 26. madhumatI - ravi (pANi) Thakkura (san 1525- 1620 I0 ) 27 TIkA - murAri mizra (san 1550 se 1600 I0) 28. kAvyaprakAza- bhAvArtha - rAmakRSNa (bhaTTa) (san 1550 I0 ) 26. kAvya- kaumudI - ma0 ma0 devanAtha Thakkura 'tarkapaJcAnana' (san 1575 I0 ) 30. TIkA -- upAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI garaNI (san 1975 I0 ) 31. bRhaTTIkA - mahopAdhyAya siddhicandragariNa (san 1588 se 1668 I0 ) 63. kAvya - prakAza khaNDana - ( vivRti) mahopAdhyAya siddhicandra gariNa (san 1588-1666 I0 ) 33. TIkA - tiruveGkaTa (san 1600 I0 ke nikaTa ) 34. rahasya prakAza -- rAmanAtha upAdhyAya (san 1600 I0 ke nikaTa ) 35. TIkA - harSakula ( jaina muni) (16vIM zatAbdI I0) se 1700) 41. (kAvyAlaGkAra ) - rahasya - nibandha - bhAskara - ( 17vIM zatI I0 se kucha pUrva) 42. sAradIpikA - guNa ratnagari (san 1610 I0 ). .43. kamalAkarI - kamalAkara bhaTTa (san 1612 I0 ) 44. narasiMhamanISA - ma0 ma0 narasiMha Thakkura (san 1600-1000 I0 ) 45. maNisAra - zrajJAtanAmA (17vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) 46. dIpikA - zivanArAyaNadAsa 'sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa' (17vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) 47. rahasya prakAza - jagadIzabhaTTAcArya ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA pUrvabhAga ) 48. sArasamuccaya - rAjAnaka ratnakaNTha (san 1648 se 1681 I0) 46. lIlA - bhavadeva (san 1649 I0 racanAkAla ) 50. nidarzanA (sArasamuccaya ) - ) - rAjAnaka zrAnanda (san 1665 I0 racanAtithi ) 51. kAvyaprakAzAdarza - mahezvara bhaTTAcArya (maheza) (san 1675 I0 2025 I0) 71 76 36. TIkA - rucikara mizra (16vIM zatI I0) 37. TIkA - gadAdhara cakravartI bhaTTAcArya ( 16vIM zatI I0 zatI I0 kA antima bhAga ) 38. kavi nandikA - rAmakRSNa (san ( 1550 se 1650 I0 ) 36. TIkA - ma0 ma0 paNDitarAja ( 17vIM zatAbdI I0 se kucha pUrva ) 40. kAvyaprakAza tilaka ( jayarAmI athavA rahasyadIpikA ) - jayarAma nyAyapaJcAnana bhaTTAcArya (500 52. kAvya-prakAza-vivaraNa -ma0 ma0 gokulanAtha upAdhyAya (san 1675 se 1775 I0) 53. udAharaNa- candrikA -- tatsat vaidyanAtha ( 1683 I0 racanA samApti kAla ) 54. TIkA - vijayAnanda (san 1683 I0 pANDulipi kI tithi ) 77 78 76 11 13 :: 50 33 81 82 82 3 31 84 85 86 87 85 0

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55. prabhA (praTIkA)-tatsat baidyanAtha (1684 I0 racanA prArambhakAla) 56. sumanomanoharA-gopInAtha (17vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga racanAkAla) 57. TIkA-nArAyaNa dIkSita (17vIM zatI I0 kA antabhAga) 58. bRhad uddyota-nAgeza bhaTTa (17vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha) 56. laghu udyota-nAgeza bhaTTa (17vIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) 60. udAharaNa-dIpikA prathavA 'pradIpa' nAgezabhaTa I0 (17vIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) 61. viSamapadI-zivarAma tripAThI (15vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha) 62. sudhAsAgara (zubhodadhi)-bhImasena dIkSita (san 1722 I0) 63. sAhitya-kaumudI-baladeva vidyAbhUSaNa (17vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha) 64. (ka) kRSNAnandinI svopajJa TippaNI-baladeva vidyAbhUSaNa (17 za0 prA0) 65. tAtparya vivRti--ma0 ma0 mahezacandradeva nyAyaratna (1882 I0 racanAkAla) 66. bAlabodhinI-ma0 ma0 vAmanAcArya jhalakIkara (1882 I0 racanAkAla) 67. nAgezvarI-paM0 harizaGkara zarmA (19vIM zatI I0) 68. TIkA-jIvAnanda vidyAsAgara (19vIM zatI I0) 66. candrikA-kavIndrAcArya (san 1948) 70. madhusUdanI-paM. madhusUdana zAstrI (1972 I0 racanApUrtikAla) 71. TIkA-sadAziva dIkSita (1972 I0) 72. bAla-bodhinI-vidyAsAgarI-chajjUrAmazAstrI vidyAsAgara (1674 I0) kAvya-prakAza ke alpa-paricita tathA aparicita TIkAkAra 1. arthanirNaya 2. pravacUri-TippaNI-rAghava (samaya ajJAta) 3. mAnandavarSinI-rucimizra 4. mAloka-prajJAta 6. uttejinI, kAvyaprakAzottejanI athavA sarvaTIkA-vibhaJjanI--vedAntAcArya 7. udAharaNa-darpaNa-DaoN0 pI0 vI0 kANe 8. udAharaNa-vivaraNa TIkA-(le0 prajJAta) 9. RjuvRtti-narasiMha sUri 10. kArikArthaprakAzikA (arthaprakAzikA)-raghudeva nyAyAlaGkAra 11. kArikAvalI-kalAdhara 12. kAvyadarpaNa-madhumatigaNeza 13. kAvyadIpikA-sAmbaziva 14. kAvyanaukA-le0 prajJAta 15. kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana athavA kAvyAmatataraGgiNI-le. ajJAta 16. kAvyaprakAza-vivekinI-rehaladeva 1

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17. kAvyaprakAzasAre rAmacandra 18. kAvyaprakAzikA puruSottamadeva kavi 12. kaumudI 20. TippaNa 21. TippaNa 22, TippaNI prathavA kAvyaprakAzasandarbhadAda, 23. TippaNI 24. TIkA, 25. TIkA - kalyANa upAdhyAya 26. TIkA - kRSNa mitrAMcAyaM naiyAyika 27. TIkA - taruNavAcaspati 28. TIkA - bhAnucandra 29. TIkA - mizra maNikaNTha dvivedI muni 30. TIkA vidyAraNya 31. TIkArAjAnanda 32. tatvabodhinI - le0 zrajJAta 36. va 34. dIpikA 35. cotana bAlakRSNa 36. dIpinI- kRSNakAnta vidyAvinoda - 37. padavRtti - nAgarAja kezava 38. bodhinI 31. budhamanoraJjanI-mallAri lakSmaNa zAstrI 40. paJcikA vRhaspati rAyamukuTamaNi 41. maGgalamayUkhamAlikA - varadAyeM 42. madhurasA - kRSNa dvivedI 43. rasaprakAza-- kRSNa zarmA 44. rahasya -- vikAsa 45. vimarzanI 46. vivaraNa 47. vRti 48. dhyAkhyA - yajJezvara yajvan 49. lokavIpikA janAna vibudha 50. sata- dAmodara 51. sabjIvanI 12. sArabodhinI bhaTTAcArya 11. sAhityacandra 54. sAhityacandra narasiMha sUri 101 21 102 ") " " " "1 103 " " " 27 " - 222 = " " " " >> " 31 " 104 " 10 " " " " 105 " " "

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106 107 1108 +55. sudhAnidhi-tiruveGkaTa 56. subodhinI-dAmodara 57. subodhinI (sukhabodhinI)-veGkaTAcala sUri aMgrejI anuvAda 4. TrITAija Apha-hraToriksa-ma0 ma0 sara gaGgAnAtha jhA (16vIM zatI) 2. anuvAda TippaNI tathA bhUmikA-DA0 eca0 DI0 velanakara 3. anuvAda TippaNI tathA bhUmikA-zrI pI0 pI0 jozI 4. anuvAda evaM bhUmikA-pro. cAMdorakara 15. anuvAda evaM bhUmikA-zrI esa0 vi0 dIkSita 6. anuvAda evaM vistRta bhUmikA-zrI pra0 ba0 gajendragar3akara 7. anuvAda-DA0 eca0 DI0 zarmA 8.poiTika lAiTa-sampradAya prakAzinI sahita anuvAda-DA0 rAmacandra dvivedI 6. 'rasa-prakAza' sahita vyAkhyA tathA bhUmikA-DA0 esa0 ena0 zAstrI hindI anuvAda 1. anuvAda-DA0harimaGgala mizra '2. savimarza-zazikalA-DA0 satyavrata siMha '3. kAvyaprakAzadIpikA-sva. prAcArya vizvezvara siddhAntaziromaNi 4. vistAriNI evaM prabhA-DA. haradattazAstrI tathA zrInivAsazAstrI 5. bAlakrIDA-prAcArya madhusUdana zAstrI marAThI, gujarAtI aura kannar3a anuvAda 1. TIkA (marAThI)-paM. arjunavADakara maMgUlakara 2. marAThI-anuvAda-zrI bA0 kR0 sAvalApurakara 3. gujarAtI anuvAda-sva0 zrI prAnandazaGkara bApUjI dhruva 4. tathA 5 gujarAtI anuvAda-DA0 prAra0 sI0 pArekha evaM zrI prAra0vI0 pAThaka 6. kannar3a anuvAda-DA. kRSNamUrti zrI yazovijayajI upAdhyAya kRta kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA TIkA kA upalabdhAMza prathama ullAsa kA vivecya-viSaya ritIya ullAsa kA vivecya-viSaya lakSaNA ke bheda dhyamjanA-vicAra tRtIya ullAsa kA vivecya-viSaya TIkAkAra kA dAyitva nirvAha apanI bAta pradhAnasampAdaka muni zrIyazovijayajI mahArAja : saMkSipta paricaya 119 112. 116. 121 :124

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viSayAnukramaNikA 1-mahopAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja kA citra 2-kAvya-prakAza kI prastuta TIkA kI TIkAkAra dvArA likhita prati kA eka patra 3-pUjya zrI puNyavijaya jI dvArA likhita pratilipi kA eka pRSTha 4-samarpaNa-patra 5-prakAzakIya nivedana 6-nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya, mahopAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja kA saMkSipta jIvana-caritra 7-pradhAnasampAdakIya purovacana 8-upodghAta-kAvyazAstra ke Aloka meM 'kAvyaprakAza, usakA TIkA-sAhitya evaM prastuta TIkA' : eka samIkSAtmaka anucintana dvitIya ullAsa ( kAvyagata zabdArtha-svarUpa nirUparaNAtmaka ) viSaya dvitIya ullAsa kI avasara-saMgati 'krameNa zabdArthayoH svarUpamAha' kI vyAkhyA kAvyagata zabda ke tIna bheda aura unake nirdiSTa krama se likhane kA kAraNa sUtra 5 meM 'tridhA' likhane kA tAtparya tathA vAcakAdi ke lakSaNa : kAvyagata artha ke tIna bheda parya kA caturtha bheda 'tAtparya' abhihitAnvayavAda anvitAbhidhAnavAda 'tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit' para pradIpakAra kA mata trividha zabdArthoM kI vyaJjakatA evaM 'sarveSAm' (sUtraka) kI vyAkhyA meM matamatAntara zAbdI aura prArthI vyaJjanA vAcya kI vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa (paramata evaM upAdhyAyajI kI svamatAnusAra vyAkhyA) lakSya artha kI vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa (paramata aura svamatAnusAra vyAkhyA) vyaGgaya artha kI vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa (, vAcaka kA lakSaNa ('sAkSAt saGkatitam' kI vyAkhyA evaM vividha vicAra)

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saGketa-graha-vicAra, 'saGketitazcaturbheda': kI avasara-saGgati (jAtyAdi meM, kevala jAti meM, apoha meM aura jAtiviziSTa vyakti meM zaktigraha mAnanevAloM ke mata kA nirUpaNa evaM anta meM vyaktivAda kI sthApanA) vyAkaraNa-sammata caturvidha saGketita artha kA vizleSaNa 'upAdhizca dvividhaH' ityAdi vRtti kI vyAkhyA 'uktaM hi vAkyapadIye' ityAdi vRtti para TIkAkAra kA mata vastudharma ke do bheda 'siddha aura sAdhya' kA vizleSaNa yahacchAtmaka upAdhi kI vyAkhyA evaM anya TIkAkAroM ke mata aura unakI ayuktatA batAte hue TIkAkAra kA svamata yahacchAzabda ke sambandha meM prAcIna AcAryoM kA mata parama-aNu-parimANa kI guNoM meM gaNanA kA spaSTIkaraNa (TippaNI meM) guNa zabda Adi doSoM kI zaGkA aura usakA nivAraNa uparyukta vivecana para TIkAkara kA abhimata mImAMsAdarzana sammata 'jAti' rUpa ekavidha saGketita artha kA vizleSaNa evaM TIkAkAra kA abhimata 'tadvAn apoho vA' ityAdi vaiyAyika mata kA spaSTIkaraNa naiyAyika tathA bauddha mata kA spaSTIkaraNa (TippaNI meM) saGkatita artha hI mukhyArtha hai - mukhyArtha zabdArtha kA cauthA bheda nahIM athavA abhidhA-nirUpaNa lakSaNA-nirUpaNa (lakSaNA kA sAmAnya lakSaNa) (yahA~ TIkA kA kucha aMza khaNDita hai jisakA hindI artha meM samanvaya kiyA gayA hai|) TippaNI meM-nAgeza bhaTTa dvArA svIkRta lakSaNA kA bIja 'tAtparyAnupapatti' lakSaNA ke do bheda 1-upAdAna-lakSaNA tathA 2-lakSaNa-lakSaNA upAdAna-lakSaNA ke do udAharaNa aura unapara vistRta carcA 'gauranubandhyaH' meM upAdAna-lakSaNA mAnanevAle mukulabhaTTa tathA maNDanamizrAdi mImAMsakoM ke mata kA khaNDana, madhumatIkAra kI vyAkhyA, TIkAkAra-sammata vyAkhyA, subuddhimizra kA mata evaM anya carcAe~ arthApatti lakSaNA nahIM lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa 'ubhayarUpA ceyaM zuddhA' kA vivecana zuddhA lakSaNA meM zuddhA padArtha kyA hai ? (anyamata tathA svamata nirUpaNa) zuddhA tathA gauNI-viSayaka mukulabhaTTa kA mata TIkAkAra kA mata upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA ke zuddhAgata tattva kA vivecana 'bhedAvimo ca' kArikA kI sapadakRtya vyAkhyA gauraNI ko lakSaNA na mAnakara vRttyantara mAnanevAle kA mata aura usakA khaNDana 'svArthasahacAriguNA bhedena, ityAdi kI vyAkhyA- svasammatapakSa

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'avinAbhAvo'tra sambandhamAtram' para vivecana zuddhA sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA ke udAharaNa tathA zaGkA-samAdhAna 'medAvimau ca' kArikA kI vRtti kI vyAkhya 'lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA' kI 'prAdibhedAbhyAm' isa vRttigrantha ke sAtha vyAkhyA pArthasArathi mizra dvArA svIkRta goragI vRtti ke 6 bhedoM kA anya lakSaraNA - bhedoM meM antarbhAva 'lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA' kI vividha vyAkhyA (caNDIdAsa ke anusAra ) gauNI ke upAdAna aura lakSaNa lakSaraNArUpa bheda nahIM lakSaNA ke nirdiSTa SaDvidhAtva kA svamatAnusAra tathA tAtparya, nirUDhA aura prayojanavatI lakSaNA ke lakSaNa lakSaNA se vyaJjanA kI ghora gamana - 'prayojanaM hi vyApAragamyameva' kI vyAkhyA prayojanavatI lakSaraNA ke 12 bheda tathA tacca gUDhamagUDhaM vA' kI savRtti (sodAharaNa) vyAkhyA 'tadeSA kavitA tridhA' kI vyAkhyA lAkSaNika zabda kise kahate haiM ? 'tabhUrlAkSaNikaH ' 'tatra vyApArI vyaJjanAtmakaH' likhane kA rahasya prayojana kI vAcyatA kA nirAkaraNa 'svAda' prayojana ke lie vyaJjanA kI anivAryatA 'zaityAdi' anumAna - gamya nahIM abhidhA vyApAra vyaGgya ko nahIM batA sakatA 'hetvabhAvAnna lakSaNA' kI vyAkhyA prayojana kI lakSyatA kA nirAkaraNa hetu kI prasiddhi dikhAne ke lie 'lakSyaM na mukhya' (sUtra 26) kI vyAkhyA pradIpakAra, subuddhi mizra tathA anya matoM ke anusAra uparyukta sUtra kI vyAkhyA prayojana ko lakSya mAnane para mUlakSayakAriNI anavasthA rUpa doSa 'prayojanena sahitaM lakSaNIyaM na prayujyate' kI vyAkhyA 'jJAnasya viSayo' udAhRtam' para subuddhimizra tathA madhumatIkAra Adi anya mata aura anya zastrArtha 'viziSTa lakSaNA naivam' kI vyAkhyA tathA svamata "vizeSAH syustu lakSite" kI dhavasaGgati aura kucha vibhinna vyAkhyAe~ abhidhAmUlA vyaJjanA saMyogAdi ke dvArA kisakA kisa para niyantraNa ? 1 saMyoga-viprayoga Adi kI vyAkhyA tathA udAharaNa 'itthaM saMyogAdibhi:' ityAdi vRtti kI vyAkhyA 'bhadrAtmano' ityAdi padya meM vyagya nirdhAraNa kI prakriyA tathA vividha zA-samAdhAna vyaJjanA se honevAle atrAkaraNika artha abhiSeya hI kyoM hote haiM ? 'tadyukto vyaJjakaH zabdaH ' kI vyAkhyA evaM svamata 'arvo'pi vyaJjakastatra, ityAdi kI vyAkhyA 87 85 60 65 65 67 68 100 101 102 105 106 106 - 107 107 108 ** 110 110 111 112 115 116 118 124 128 131 133 138 136 140 143 **

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tRtIya ullAsa (arthavyaJjakatA nirUpaNAtmaka) ullAsa - saGgati, artha ke bheda 'arthAH proktAH purA teSAm' kI vyAkhyA para pradIpakAra tathA svayaM kA mata prArthI vyaJjanA ke bheda, vaktRvoddhavyakAkUnAm' ityAdi kI prAcIna sammata evaM svamatAnusArI vyAkhyA 'vAkyavAcyAnya sannidhiH' ityAdi kI vyAkhyA tathA anya vivecana 1- vaktA ke vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa 'ai pihula' ityAdi 2. boddhavya ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa ''i ityAdi tathA trividha prayoM ke vyaJjakatva kI udbhAvanA 1 kAku ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa 'tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA ityAdi 'na ca vAcyasiddhapaGgamatra kAkuH' ityAdi pakti kA tAtparya 'kecit' zaddha se sUcita mata aura usakA khaNDana, madhumatIkAra kA mata 'apare tu' zabda se sUcita mata, subuddhimizra kA mata 'itare tu' zabda se sUcita mata, pradIpakAra kA mata evaM svayaM TIkAkAra kA mata lakSyArtha aura vyayArtha kI vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa 4- vAkya vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa lakSya tathA vyaGgayArthoM kI vyaJjakatA 5- bAdhya vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa lakSyAdi arthoM kI vyaJjakatA kA pradarzana , 6 - anyasannidhi ke vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa, lakSyArtha aura vyaGgyArtha meM bhI vyaJjanA kI udbhAvanA 7- prastAva ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa deza ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa 1-kAla ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa, lakSyArtha aura vyaGgadhArtha kI vyaJjakatA 10- ceSTA ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa tathA svamatAnusArI vyAkhyA uparyukta dasa bhedoM ke pRthaka pRthaka udAharaNa dene ke kAraNa tathA matAntara 'vaktrAdInAM mithaH' kI vyAkhyA dvikAdibheda ke udAharaNa kA digdarzana aura udAharaNa 'zvaratra' para praznottara prArthI vyaJjanA meM zabda kI sahakAritA kA pratipAdana ArthI vyaJjanA ke nAmakaraNa kA rahasya, madhumatIkAra tathA paramAnanda prabhRti AcAryoM kI vividha vyAkhyA aura prastuta TIkAkAra kA svamata ArthI vyaJjanA meM zabda ke tathA zAbdI meM artha ke sahakArI vyaJjakatva ko svIkRti maura adhama kAvyatva kI vyAvRtti 147 147 4 146 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 151 160 161 162 163 164 166 167 168 170 170 171 171 172 173 pariziSTa 1- kAvya prakAza ke dvitIya aura tRtIya ullAsa ke sUtroM kI akArAdi krama se sUcI 175 2- kAvyaprakAza ke dvitIya aura tRtIya ullAsa ke mUla, TIkA, dhanuvAda evaM TippaNI meM udAhRta padoM kI dhakArAdi krama se sUcI 176 3- zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja ( TIkAkAra) dvArA racita granthoM kI sUcI 177 4-muni zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja (pradhAna saMpAdaka) dvArA racita grantha evaM anya kRtikalApa kI sUcI 181 - 0:

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bulAte tathA dIkSA ke sambandha meM bAlaka ko jJAna ho usa paddhati se preraNA dete| ratnaparIkSaka jauharI jisa prakAra hIre ko parakhatA hai tathA usake mUlya kA anumAna nikAlatA hai, usI ke anusAra guruvarya nayaviyajI ne bhI jasavanta ke tejasvI mukha, vinaya tathA viveka se pUrNa vyavahAra, buddhimattA, caturatA, dharmAnurAgitA Adi guNoM ko dekhakara bhaviSya ke eka mahAn nararatna kI jhAMkI pAI / jasavanta ke bhaviSya kA praGkana kara liyaa| gurudeva zrI nayavijaya jI mahArAja ne sthAnIya jaina zrIsaMgha kI upasthiti meM bAlaka jasavanta ko janazAsana ke caraNoM meM samarpita karane arthAt dIkSA dene kI mAMga kii| jainazAsana ko hI sarvasva mAnanevAlI mAtA ne socA ki 'yadi merA putra ghara meM rahegA to adhika se adhika vaha dhanADhya banegA, deza-videza meM prakhyAta hogA yA kuTumba kA bhautika hita kregaa|' gurudeva ne jo kahA hai usa para vicAra karatI haiM to mujhe lagatA hai ki 'merA putra ghara meM rahegA to sAmAnya dIpaka ke samAna rahakara ghara ko prakAzita karegA kintu yadi tyAgI hokara jJAnI bana gayA to sUrya ke samAna hajAroM gharoM ko prakAzita karegA, hajAroM prAtmAoM ko prAtmakalyANa kA mArga btaaegaa| ataH yadi eka ghara kI apekSA aneka gharoM ko merA putra prakAzita kare, to isase bar3hakara mujhe aura kyA priya ho sakatA hai ? maiM kaisI bar3abhAgI hoU~gI ? merI kukSI ratnakukSI ho jaaegii|' aise vicAroM se mAtA ke hRdaya meM harSa aura prAnanda kA jvAra uThA, jainazAsana ko apanAI haI mAtA ne utsAhapUrvaka guru aura saMgha kI AjJA ko zirodhArya kiyA aura apane pratipriya kumAra ko eka zabha cauvar3iye meM guru zrInayavijayajI ko samarpita kara diyaa| yaha bhI eka dhanya kSaNa thA / isa prakAra jaina-zAsana ke bhaviSya meM honevAle jayajayakAra kA bIjAropaNa hyaa| jasavanta ko bhAgavatI dIkSA dharmAtmA sobhAgade ne vairAgI aura dharmasaMskArI jasavanta ko zAsana ke caraNoM meM arpita kara diyaa| choTe se kanoDaM grAma meM aise uttama bAlaka ko dIkSA dene kA koI mahattva nahIM thA, ataH zrIsaMgha ne anukUla sAdhana-sAmagrI vAle nikaTastha pATaNa nagara meM hI dIkSA dene kA nirNaya liyaa| pitA nArAyaNajI kA pATaNa zahara ke sAtha uttama sambandha thA / isaliye hamAre caritranAyaka puNyazAlI jasavaMtakumAra kI bhAgavatI dIkSA zubha-muhUrta meM 'araNahilapura' ke nAma se prasiddha pATaNa zahara meM bar3I dhUmadhAma se sampanna huii| padmasiMha kI virakti aura dIkSA bacapana se hI bAlaka jasavanta ke vairAgyapUrNa saMskAroM kA prabhAva usake bhAI padmasiMha para pUrNatayA par3a rahA. thA ataHapane bhAI ko saMyama ke patha para jAte hue dekhakara jasavanta ke bhAI 'padmasiMha' kA mana bhI vairAgya ke raMga meM raMga gyaa| dharmAtmA mAtA-pitA usameM sahAyaka bane aura padmasiMha dvArA dIkSA lene kI utkaTa bhAvanA vyakta karane para use bhI usI samaya dIkSA dI gii| jainazramaNa paramparA ke niyamAnusAra gRhasthAzrama kA nAma badalakara jasavanta kA nAma -'jasavijaya' 'yazovijaya' aura padmasiMha kA nAma 'pavijaya' rakhA gyaa| ina nAmoM kA samasta janatA ne jayanAdoM kI pracaNDa ghoSaNA ke sAtha abhinandana kiyaa| janatA kA prAnanda apAra thaa| caturvidha zrIsaMgha ne sugandhita akSatoM dvArA pAzIrvAda diye| donoM putroM ke mAtA-pitA ne bhI apane donoM putroM ko AzIrvAda dekara unako badhAI dii| apanI kokha ko prakAzita karane vAle donoM bAlakoM ko cAritra ke veza meM dekhakara unakI A~kheM azru se bhIga giiN| ghara meM utpanna prakAza pAja se jagat ko prakAzita karanevAle patha para prasthAna kareMge, isa vicAra se donoM ke hRdaya mAnandavibhora ho ge|

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saMyama-sAdhanA aura dhArmika zikSA pahale choTI dIkSA dI jAtI hai, bAda meM bdd'ii| ataH isa dIkSA ke pazcAt bar3I dIkSA ke yogya tapa kiyaa| pUrI yogyatA prApta hone para unheM bar3I dIkSA dI gii| tadanantara guru nayavijayajI vihAra karake ahamadAbAda padhAre / vahA~ vividha prakAra kA dhArmika zikSaNa prArambha kiyaa| tIbra buddhimattA ke kAraNa ve tejI se par3hane lge| par3hane meM ekAgratA aura uttama vyavahAra ko dekhakara zrIsaMgha ke pramukha vyaktiyoM ne bAlamuni jasavijaya meM bhaviSya ke mahAn sAdhu kI abhivyakti pAI / buddhi kI kuzalatA, uttara dene kI vilakSaNatA Adi dekhakara unake prati bahumAna utpanna huA, dhAraNA zakti kA anUThA paricaya milaa| vahA~ ke bhaktajanoM meM 'dhanajI surA' nAmaka eka seTha the| unhoMne jasavijayajI se prabhAvita hokara gurudeva se prArthanA kI ki 'yahA~ uttama paNDita nahIM haiM ataH vidyAdhAma kAzI meM yadi inheM par3hane ke lie le jAe~ to ye dvitIya hemacandrAcArya jaise mahAna aura dhurandhara vidvAn bneNge|' itanA nivedana karake dhanajI bhAI ne isa kArya ke liye honevAle samasta vyaya kA bhAra uThAne tathA paNDitoM kA ucita satkAra karane kA vacana bhI diyaa| vidyAdhAma kAzI meM zAstrAdhyayana gurudeva yazovijaya ke sAtha uttama dina vihAra karake parizrama-pUrvaka gujarAta se nikalakara dUra sarasvatIdhAma kAzI meM pahu~ce / vahA~ eka mahAna vidvAn ke pAsa sabhI darzanoM kA adhyayana kiyA / grahaNa-zakti, tIvasmRti tathA prAzcaryapUrNa kaNThasthIkaraNa zakti ke kAraNa vyAkaraNa, tarka-nyAya Adi zAstroM ke adhyayana ke sAtha hI ve anyAnya zAstroM kI vividha zAkhAoM ke pAraGgata vidvAn bhI bana gye| darzana-zAstroM kA aisA AmUla-cUla adhyayana kiyA ki ve 'SaDdarzanavettA' ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gye| usameM bhI navyanyAya ke to bejor3a vidvAn bane tathA zAstrArtha aura vAda-vivAda karane meM unakI buddhi-pratibhA ne aneka pramAraNa prastuta kiye| vahA~ Apako adhyayana karAnevAle paNDitajI ko pratidina eka rUpayA dakSiNA ke rUpa meM diyA jAtA thaa| sarasvatI-mantra-sAdhanA kAzI meM gaGgAtaTa para rahakara upAdhyAyajI ne 'aikAra' mantra dvArA sarasvatImantra kA japa karake mAtA zAradA ko prasanna kara varadAna prApta kiyA thA jisake prabhAva se pUjya yazovijaya jI kI buddhi tarka, kAvya aura bhASA ke kSetra 1. 'yazodohana' meM 'isa dIkSA kA samaya vi. saM. 1668 diyA hai tathA yaha dIkSA hIravijayajI ke praziSya evaM vijayasena sari jI ke ziSya vijaya devasUrijI ne dI thI' aisA ullekha hai| dekho pR. 7 / 2. vahIM isake lie do hajAra cAMdI ke dInAra vyaya karane kA bhI ullekha hai| 3. isa saMbaMdha meM vi. saM. 1739 meM svaracita 'jambUsvAmI rAsa' meM svayaM upAdhyAyajI ne nimnalikhita paMktiyA~ do haiM zAradA sAra dayA karo, prApI vacana surNg| tU tUTI mujha Upare, jApa karata upgNg|| tarka kAvyano te sadA, dIdho vara amirAma / bhASA paNa karI kalpataru zAkhAsama pariNAma // isI prakAra 'mahAvIra stuti' (padya 1) tathA 'ajjhattamataparikkhA' kI svopajJavRtti kI prazasti (padya 3) maiM bhI aisA hI varNana kiyA hai|

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re meM kalpavRkSa kI zAkhA ke samAna pallavita, puSpita evaM phalavatI bana gii| taba se hI zrI yazovijaya jI mahArAja vibhinna zAstroM kA svayaM AloDana karake una para TIkA Adi kA nirmANa aura uttamottama kAvya racanAe~ karane lage / zAstrArtha evaM sammAnita padavIlAbha eka bAra kAzI ke rAja-darabAra meM eka mahAsamartha diggaja vidvAn -- jo ajaina the-- ke sAtha pU. upAdhyAya jI ne aneka vidvajjana tathA adhikArI varga kI upasthiti meM zAstrArtha karake vijaya kI varamAlA dhAraNa kI thI / unake agAdha pANDitya se mugdha hokara kAzInareza ne unheM 'nyAyavizArada' viruda se sammAnita kiyA thaa| usa samaya jaina saMskRti ke eka jyotirdhara aura jaina prajA ke isa sapUta ne jainadharma aura gujarAta kI puNyabhUmi kA jaya-jayakAra karavAyA tathA jainazAsana kA abhUtapUrva gaurava bar3hAyA / zrAgarA meM nyAyazAstra kA viziSTa adhyayana kAzI se vihAra karake Apa AgarA padhAre aura vahA~ cAra varSa raha kara kisI nyAyAcArya paNDita se talasparzI abhyAsa kiyA / tarka ke siddhAntoM meM Apa uttarottara pAraGgata hote gaye / vahA~ se vihAra karake gujarAta ke ahamadAvAda nagara meM pdhaare| vahAM zrIsaMgha ne vijayI banakara AnevAle isa diggaja vidvAn munirAja kA pUrNa svAgata kiyA / zravadhAna prayoga tathA sammAna usa samaya ahamadAbAda meM mahobatakhAna nAmaka sUbA rAjya kArya calA rahA thaa| usane pUjya upAdhyAya jI kI vidvattA ke bAre meM sunakara Apako grAmantrita kiyaa| sUbe kI prArthanA para Apa vahA~ padhAre aura 18 zravadhAna prayoga kara dikhaae| ' sUbA prApakI smRtizakti para mugdha ho gayA / zrApakA bhavya sammAna kiyA aura sarvatra jainazAsana ke jayajayanAda dvArA eka abhUtapUrva kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA / upAdhyAya pada prApti vi0 saM0 1718 meM zrIsaMgha ne tatkAlIna tapAgacchIya zramaraNasaMgha ke aparaNI zrIdevasUrijI se prArthanA kI ki 'yazovijayajI mahArAja bahuzruta vidvAn haiM aura upAdhyAya pada ke yogya haiN| ataH inheM yaha pada pradAna karanA cAhie / ' isa prArthanA ko svIkRta karake saM0 1718 meM zrIyazovijayajI garaNI ko upAdhyAya pada se vibhUSita kiyA gayA / ziSyasampadA kI dRSTi se upAdhyAya jI mahArAja ke apane chaha ziSya the, aisI likhita sUcanA prApta hotI hai / 2 upAdhyAya jI ne svayaM likhA hai ki 'nyAya ke granthoM kI racanA karane se mujhe 'nyAyAcArya' kA viruda vidvAno 1. isI prakAra zrI yazovijayajI ne vi. saM. 1677 meM jainasaMgha ke samakSa ATha bar3e pravadhAna kie the, jisakA ullekha unakI hindI racanA 'adhyAtmagIta' meM milatA hai / 2. ina ziSyoM ke nAma -- hemavijaya, jitavijaya paM. guNavijayagaNi, dayAvijaya, mayAvijaya, mAnavijayagariNa Adi prApta hote haiM /

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ne pradAna kiyA hai|' isake atirikta Apako nyAyavizArada, kavi, laghuharibhadra, kUrcAlIzArada tathA tAkika prAdi virudoM se bhI vidvAnoM ne alaMkRta kiyA thaa|2|| upAdhyAyajI ne aneka sthAnoM para vicaraNa kiyA thA kintu pramukha-rUpa se ve gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM rahe hoMge aisA unake granthoM evaM stutiyoM se jJAta hotA hai| svargavAsa evaM smAraka 'sujasabelI' ke AdhAra para unakA antima cAturmAsa bar3audA zahara ke pAsa DabhoI (darbhAvatI) gA~va meM huA aura vahIM ve svargavAsI hue| isa svargavAsa kA varSa sujasabeli ke kathanAnusAra saM0 1743 thA tadanantara unakA smAraka DabhoI meM unake agnisaMskAra ke sthAna para banAyA gayA aura vahA~ unakI caraNa-pAdukA sthApita kI gii| pAdukAoM para 1745 meM pratiSThA karane kA ullekha hai| niSkarSarUpa paricaya upAdhyAya jI ke jIvana kA niSkarSarUpa paricaya 'yazodohana' nAmaka grantha meM maiMne diyA hai vahI paricaya yahA~ bhI uddhRta karatA hU~ jisase upAdhyAya jI ke jIvana kI kucha viziSTa jhA~kI hogii| "vikrama kI satrahavIM zatI meM utpanna, jainadharma ke parama prabhAvaka, jainadarzana ke mahAn dArzanika, jainatarka ke mahAn tArkika, SaDdarzanavettA aura gujarAta ke mahAn jyotirdhara, zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja eka jaina munivara the| yogya samaya para ahamadAbAda ke jaina zrIsaMgha dvArA samarpita upAdhyAya pada ke viruda ke kAraNa ve 'upAdhyAya jI' bane the| sAmAnyataH vyakti 'vizeSa' nAma se hI jAnA jAtA hai kintu inake lie yaha kucha navInatA kI bAta thI ki janasaMgha meM Apa vizeSya se nahIM apitu 'vizeSaNa' dvArA mukhyarUpa se jAne jAte the| "upAdhyAyajI aisA kahate haiM, yaha to upAdhyAya jI kA vacana hai" isa prakAra upAdhyAyajI zabda se zrImad yazovijayajI kA grahaNa hotA thaa| vizeSya bhI vizeSaNa kA paryAyavAcI bana gayA thaa| aisI ghaTanA virala vyaktiyoM ke lie hI hotI hai| inake lie to yaha ghaTanA vastutaH gauravAspada thii| isake atirikta zrIupAdhyAya jI ke vacanoM ke sambandha meM bhI aisI hI eka aura viziSTa evaM virala ghaTanA hai| inakI vANI, vacana athavA vicAra 'TaMkazAlI' aise vizeSaNa se prasiddha haiN| tathA 'upAdhyAyajI kI sAkha (sAkSI) AgamazAstra' arthAta zAstravacana hI haiN| aisI bhI prasiddhi hai| Adhunika eka vidvAn AcArya ne Apako 'vartamAna kAla ke mahAvIra' ke rUpa meM bhI vyakta kiyA thaa| 1. jaisalamera se likhita patra meM Apane likhA thA ki-"nyAyAcArya viruda to bhaTTAcAryaI nyAya grantha racanA karI dekhI prasanna haI diUM chii|" 2. tarkabhASA (prazasti padya 4) tattvaviveka (prArambha padya 2) tathA sujasabeli meM inakA ullekha hai| 3. dekhie 'yazodohana' pR. 6-12 meM sampAdakIya nivedana / yaha grantha gujarAtI bhASA meM 'pro0 hIrAlAla rasikadAsa kApar3iyA' dvArA likhita hai tathA yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana samiti, baMbaI se prakAzita hayA hai|

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Aja bhI zrIsaMgha meM kisI bhI bAta para vivAda utpanna hotA hai to upAdhyAyajI dvArA racita zAstra prathavA TIkA ke 'pramANa' ko antima pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| upAdhyAyajI kA nirNaya ki mAno sarvajJa kA nirNaya / isIlie inake samakAlIna munivaroM ne Apako 'zrutakebalI' aise vizeSaNa se sambodhita kiyA hai| zrutakevalI kA artha hai 'zAstroM ke vaMza arthAt zruta ke bala meM kevalI ke samAna isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki sarvajJa ke samAna padArtha ke svarUpa kA spaSTa varNana kara sakanevAle / aise upAdhyAya bhagavAn ko bAlyAvasthA meM ( prAya: ATha varSa ke nikaTa) dIkSita hokara vidyA prApta karane ke lie gujarAta meM uccakoTi ke vidvAnoM ke prabhAva tathA dhanya kisI bhI kAraNa se gujarAta chor3akara dUra sudUra apane gurudeva ke sAtha kAzI ke vidyAdhAma meM jAnA par3A aura vahA~ unhoMne chahoM darzanoM tathA vidyAjJAna kI vividha zAkhA - prazAkhAnoM kA AmUlacUla abhyAsa kiyA tathA usa para unhoMne pradbhuta prabhutva prApta kiyA evaM vidvAnoM meM 'SaDdarzanavettA' ke rUpa meM vikhyAta ho gae / kAzI kI rAjasabhA meM eka mahAn samartha diggaja vidvAn, jo ki ajaina thA, usake sAtha aneka vidvAn tathA adhikArI varga kI upasthiti meM pracaNDa zAstrArtha karake vijaya kI varamAlA pahanI thii| pUjya upAdhyAyajI ke pragAdha pANDitya se mugdha hokara kAzInareza ne unheM 'nyAyavizArada' viruda se alaMkRta kiyA thaa| usa samaya jaina saMskRti ke eka jyotirdhara ne jaina prajA ke eka sapUta ne jainadharma aura gujarAta kI puNyabhUmi kA jaya-jayakAra karavAyA thA tathA jaina zAsana kI zAna bar3hAI thI / aise vividha vAGmaya ke pAraGgata vidvAn ko dekhate hue Aja kI dRSTi se unheM do-cAra nahIM, apitu aneka viSayoM ke pI-eca0 DI0 kaheM to bhI anucita na hogA / bhASA jJAna evaM prantha racanA bhASA kI dRSTi se dekheM to upAdhyAyajI ne alpajJa athavA vizeSajJa, bAlaka athavA paNDita, sAkSara athavA nirakSara, sAdhu athavA saMsArI sabhI vyaktiyoM ke jJAnArjana kI sulabhatA ke lie jainadharma kI mUlabhUta prAkRtabhASA meM, usa samaya kI rASTrIya jaisI mAnI jAnevAlI saMskRta bhASA meM tathA hindI aura gujarAtI bhASA meM vipula sAhitya kA sarjana kiyA hai / upAdhyAyajI kI vAraNI sarvanayasammata mAnI jAtI hai arthAt vaha sabhI nayoM kI apekSA se garbhita hai / viSaya kI dRSTi se dekheM to AApane zrAgama, tarka, nyAya, anekAntavAda, tatvajJAna, sAhitya, alaGkAra, chanda, yoga, adhyAtma, AcAra, cAritra, upadeza Adi aneka viSayoM para mArmika tathA mahattvapUrNa paddhati se likhA hai / saMkhyA kI dRSTi se dekhA jAe to upAdhyAya jI kI kRtiyoM kI saMkhyA 'aneka' zabdoM se nahIM api tu 'saMkar3oM' zabdoM se batAI jA sake itanI hai| ye kRtiyA~ bahudhA prAgamika aura tArkika donoM prakAra kI haiN| inameM kucha pUrNa tathA kucha apUrNa donoM prakAra kI haiM tathA kitanI hI kRtiyA~ anupalabdha haiN| svayaM zvetAmbara - paramparA ke hote hue bhI digambarAcAryakRta grantha para TokA likhI hai| jaina munirAja hone para bhI arjana granthoM para TIkAe~ likha sake haiM / yaha Apake sarvagrAhI pANDitya kA prakhara pramANa hai| dazailI kI dRSTi se yadi hama dekhate haiM to AApakI kRtiyA~ laNDanAtmaka pratipAdanAtmaka aura samanvayAtmaka 7

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haiN| upAdhyAyajI kI kRtiyoM kA pUrNa yogyatApUrvaka pUre parizrama ke sAtha adhyayana kiyA jAe, to jaina Agama athavA jainatarka kA sampUrNa jJAtA banA jA sakatA hai| anekavidha viSayoM para mUlyavAn ati mahattvapUrNa saikar3oM kRtiyoM ke sarjaka isa deza meM bahuta kama hue haiM unameM upAdhyAya jI kA niHzaGka samAveza hotA hai| aisI virala zakti aura puNyazIlatA kisI-kisI ke hI bhAgya meM likhI hotI hai| yaha zakti vastutaH sadgurukRpA, sarasvatI kA varadAna tathA anavarata svAdhyAya isa triveNI-saGgama kI AbhArI hai| upAdhyAya jI 'avadhAnakAra' arthAt buddhi kI dhAraNA zakti ke camatkArI bhI the|' ahamadAbAda ke zrIsaMgha ke samakSa aura dUsarI bAra ahamadAbAda ke musalamAna sUbe kI rAjyasabhA meM Apane avadhAna ke prayoga karake dikhalAye the| unheM dekhakara sabhI Azcarya mugdha bana gae the| mAnava kI buddhi-zakti kA adbhuta paricaya dekara jaina-dharma aura jaina sAdhu kA asAdhAraNa gaurava bar3hAyA thaa| unakI ziSya-sampatti alpa hI thii| aneka viSayoM ke talasparzI vidvAn hote hue bhI 'navya-nyAya' ko aisA AtmasAt kiyA thA ki ve 'navyanyAya ke avatAra' mAne jAte the| isI kAraNa ve 'tArkika-ziromaNi' ke rUpa meM vikhyAta ho gae the| janasaMgha meM navyanyAya meM Apa ananya vidvAn the| jainasiddhAnta aura unake tyAgavairAgya-pradhAna AcAroM ko navyanyAya ke mAdhyama se tarkabaddha karanevAle ekamAtra advitIya upAdhyAyajI hI the| unakA avasAna gujarAta ke bar3audA zahara se 16 mIla dUra sthita prAcIna darbhAvatI, vartamAna DabhoI zahara meM vi0 saM0 1743 meM hA thaa| grAja unake dehAnta kI bhUmi para eka bhavya smAraka banAyA gayA hai jahA~ unakI vi0 saM. 1645 meM pratiSThA kI haI pAdukAe~ padharAI gaI haiM / DabhoI isa dRSTi se saubhAgyazAlI hai| isa prakAra saMkSepa meM yahA~ upAdhyAya jI ke vyaktitva tathA kRtitva ko chUnevAlI ghaTanAoM kI saMkSepa meM saccI jhA~kI karAI gaI hai|" isa prasaMga meM ApakI smRti-tIvratA ke do prasaMga bhI bahucarcita haiM / jo isa prakAra haiM 1. bacapana meM jasavanta kumAra jaba apanI mAtA ke sAtha upAzraya meM sAdhu mahArAja ko vandana karane jAtA thA, usa samaya unakI mAtA ne cAturmAsa meM pratidina 'bhaktAmara stotra' sunakara hI bhojana banAne aura khAne kA niyama liyA thaa| eka dina varSA itanI AI ki rukane kA nAma hI nahIM letI thii| aisI sthiti meM mAtA sobhAgade ne bhojana nahIM bnaayaa| madhyAhna kA samaya bhI bItatA jA rahA thaa| taba bAlaka jasavanta ne mAtA se pUchA ki Aja bhojana kyoM nahIM banAyA jA rahA hai to uttara milA-'varSA ke na rukane se upAzraya meM jAkara bhaktAmara-sunane kA niyama pUrA nahIM ho rahA hai| ataH rasoI nahIM banAI gyii|' yaha suna jasavanta ne kahA-maiM Apake sAtha pratidina vaha stotra sunatA thA ataH vaha mujhe yAda hai aisA kaha kara vaha stotra yathAvat sunA diyaa| isa prakAra bAlyAvasthA meM hI unakI smRti tIvra thii| 2. eka bAra vArANasI meM jaba adhyayana pUrti para thA aura pU0 yazovijayajI ne vAda meM vijaya prApta kara lI thI taba adhyApaka mahodaya apane pAsa pANDulipi ke rUpa meM surakSita eka nyAyagrantha ko par3hAne meM saMkoca karane lge| ve yaha samajhate the ki yadi yaha grantha bhI par3hA diyA to mere pAsa kyA rahegA? upAdhyAya jI isa rahasya ko samajha gaye the| ataH eka dina vaha grantha dekhane ke lie vinayapUrvaka mAMga liyA aura milane para rAtri meM svayaM tathA apane anya sahapAThI munivara ne usa pUre grantha ko kaNThastha karake prAtaH lauTA diyaa| kahA jAtA hai ki usa grantha meM prAyaH 10 hajAra zlokapramANa jitanA viSaya nibaddha thaa| yaha bhI unakI dhAraNA-zakti kA apUrva udAharaNa hai| -sampAdaka

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pradhAna-sampAdakIya purovacana - le. muni yazovijaya upakrama vidvAnoM dvArA anumAnita rUpa se nirdhArita samaya ke anusAra gyArahavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM vAgdevatAra jaise mammaTa nAmaka gRhastha prAcArya dvArA racita 'kAvyaprakAza' nAmaka suvikhyAta grantha ke dUsare aura tIsare ullAsa para satrahavIM zatI meM vidyamAna tArkikaziromaNi, SaDdarzanavettA, aneka granthoM ke racayitA paramapUjya upAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja dvArA racita yaha TIkA sarvaprathama prakAzita ho rahI hai, isase samagra sAhityAnurAgI jagat eka acchI sI prAnanda kI laharI kA anubhava kiye binA nahIM raha skegaa| kintu maiM to atyanta Ananda ke sAtha gaurava kA anubhava kara rahA hai| mere liye prAnanda aura gaurava ke do kAraNa haiM, pahalA kAraNa yaha hai ki eka mahApuruSa kI saMskRtabhASA meM racita sAhityAdi kI tathA katipaya dArzanika siddhAntoM kI tarkabaddha vivecanA karanevAlI eka mahAn kRti ke uttaradAyitva se maiM mukta ho rahA hUM tathA isI ke kAraNa eka prakAra kI bhArahInatA kA anubhava kara rahA huuN| dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki nyAyazAstra se pUrNa TIkA jisakA ki anuvAda honA kaThina thA, usakA anuvAda suzakya hokara hindI bhASAntara sahita yaha kRti prakAzita ho rahI hai| sAmAnya mAnyatA aisI hai ki tArkika-naiyAyika kaThora svabhAvavAle hote haiN| kyoMki tarka yuktiyA~ mathavA padArthajJAna meM koI Ananda nahIM AtA, ye to mastiSka kA dahI banAnevAle haiN| ataH prAyaH sAhityakAra zIghra nahIM banate / kyoMki sAhityakAra vahI bana sakatA hai jisake hRdaya meM mRdutA, komalatA athavA sarasatA kI mAtrA adhika ho / itanA hote hue bhI 'vajrAdapi kaThorANi mRdUni kusumAdapi' isa kAlidAsokti kA anusaraNa karanevAle maharSi avazyakatA hone para vajra se bhI avika kaThora tathA kar3aka ho sakate haiM aura avasara Ane para puSpa se bhI adhika sukomala hRdaya kA anubhava karavA dete haiN| aura aisI bhI vidvAnoM kI ukti hai ki 'zreSTha vidvAn kAvya-sAhitya ke kSetra ko hIna mAnate haiM aura kahate haiM ki 'zAstrajJa na bana . sakane vAle loga kavi' banate haiN| parantu upAdhyAyajI ke liye ye uktiyAM nirarthaka siddha huI aura unhoMne bhAratIya sAhityanidhi kI eka vikhyAta kRti para apanI lekhinI calA kara apanI sarvAGgINa pratibhA kA darzana karAyA tathA isake dvArA jaina sAhitya aura jaina zrIsaMgha ko vastutaH gaurava pradAna kiyaa| eka hI vyakti ne jJAna kI vividha zAkhA-prazAkhAoM para itanA vipula aura vistRta sAhitya kA sarjana kiyA hai ki jisakA mUlyAGkana karanA bahuta kaThina hai| jJAna-vijJAna kI aneka zAkhAmoM ko puSpita-pallavita karane kI adamya sphUrti rakhanevAle paropakAra-rasika upAdhyAyajI zrImad yazovijayajI jaise bahuzruta aura bahumukhI vidvAn ne kAvya jaise viSaya ko bhI nahIM chodd'aa| 1. isake liye eka ukti bhI prasiddha hai ki-'zAstraSu bhraSTAH (hInAH) kavayo bhavanti' arthAt zAstra nahIM par3ha __ sakanevAle vyakti kavi banate haiM / kintu upAdhyAya jI ke liye yaha ukti nahIM ghaTatI thii|

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'yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana granthamAlA' kI ora se prakAzita hone vAlI yaha pAMcavIM kRti hai| 'kAvya-prakAza' eka grantha-mariNa 'kAvya-prakAza' (apara nAma 'sAhitya-sUtra' ) kAvyazAstra kI zreNI meM granthamaNi' mAnA jAtA hai / isa grantha kI racanA itanA adhika arthagambhIra tathA sUkSma rahasyoM se pUrNa hai ki isakI thAha prApta karane ke liye samaya-samaya para utpanna aneka vidvAnoM ne vividha TIkAroM ke dvArA isakI arthapUrNatA evaM isakI mahattvapUrNa vilakSaNa vaiziSTaya kI gahanatA ko mApane ke nirantara prayatna kiye haiM / isa grantha para nirmita 70 se adhika TIkAeM isakA prabala pramANa haiM / itane adhika vivaraNa aura TIkAe~ bana jAne para bhI isa viSaya ke pAraGgata vidvAnoM ke mana meM bhAja bhI yaha grantha durgama banA huA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki samaya-samaya para kisI na kisI sarjaka vidvAn kA hRdaya kAvyaprakAza ke kSetra ko parimArjita tathA pariSikta karane ke lie utkaNThita hue binA nahIM rhtaa| isa grantha para kevala saMskRta TIkAe~ hI haiM, aisA bhI nahIM hai; vividha pradezoM kI anya aneka bhASAoM meM bhI isake bhASAntara-anuvAda hue haiM tathA ho rahe haiN| kAvya-prakAza kI sarvamAnya vizeSatAe~ _ 'kAvyaprakAza' kA yaha sArvabhauma mahattva usakI aneka viziSTatAoM ke kAraNa apane mApa ubhara pAyA hai| ye vizeSatAe~ kyA haiM isakA yadi saMkSepa meM ullekha kiyA jAe to vaha isa rUpa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. kAvyasambandhI prAcIna kAla se pravRtta mAnyatAoM kA dRDhatA-pUrvaka vizleSaNa / 2. svasamaya taka nirdhArita viSayoM kA sUkSmatA se nirIkSaNa aura parIkSaNa / 3. suprasiddha vidvAn prAnandavardhana dvArA prasthApita tIsarI zabdazakti 'vyaJjanA' kI puSTi karate hue dhvani kI prasthApanA / dhvani siddhAnta ke virodhI vaiyAkaraNa, sAhityika, vedAntI, mImAMsaka aura naiyAyikoM dvArA uThAyI gaI ApattiyoM kA prabala yuktiyoM dvArA khaNDana / 4. vaiyAkaraNa gArgya, yAska, pANini Adi prAcAryoM dvArA upamA ke lakSaNa tathA alaGkAra-zAstra ke katipaya niyamoM kA vyavasthita prtisstthaapn| 5. bharatamuni se lekara bhojarAja taka lagabhaga 1200 varSoM ke samaya meM carcita alaGkAra-zAstra ke vyApaka viSayoM kA svatantra manthana kara 'navanIta' ke rUpa meM upasthApita sArabhUta vivecana, alaM kAroM kA yathArtha mUlyAMkana, kAvyalakSaNa, zabdazakti, dhvani, rasa-sUtragata artha kA niSkarSa, doSa, 1. kAvyAcArya bhAmaha, daNDI, udbhaTa, vAmana tathA rudraTa Adi vidvAnoM ne jina kAvyazAstrIya granthoM kI racanA kI hai, ve sabhI padya meM racita haiM tathApi unheM 'sUtra' nAma diyA gayA hai mammaTa ne to nayA mArga svIkRta kara gambhIrArthaka kArikA evaM vRtti meM sUtrapaddhati se hI grantha -racanA kI hai| ata: isake liye 'sUtra' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| tathA isake aneka TIkAkAroM ne bhI isa grantha ke lie 'sUtra' zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| 2. ma0 ma0 gokulanAtha upAdhyAya meM likhA hai ki manthAna-mandara-giri-bhramaNa-prayatnAd ratnAni kAnicana kenaciduddhatAni / nanvasmi sAmpratamapAra-payodhipUra-garbhAvaTasthagita eSa garaNo maNInAm // -kAvyaprakAza TIkA vivaraNa, 304 prathama padya

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guNa, rIti aura alaGkAroM kA yathArtha mUlya nirdhAraNa / 6. apane se pUrvavartI granthakAroM kI jJAtavya acchAiyoM kA saMgraha tathA upekSaNIya' viSayoM kA prityaag| 7. saMkSipta sUtrazailI meM aneka viSayoM kA vyavasthita Akalana Adi / mammaTa kI bahumukhI pratibhA-pANDitya dvArA vaNita aneka vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa yaha grantha eka 'mAkara'2 (khAna) grantha bana gayA hai tathA yaha itanA adhika sarvamAnya jaisA aura pramANabhUta bana gayA hai ki aneka granthakAroM ne apane granthoM meM 'taduktaM kAvyaprakAze' aisA kaha kara isakA atyanta Adara karate hue isa grantha kI prAmANikatA para mudrA (muhara) aGkita kI hai| mammaTa kI vidvattA aura kAvyaprakAza kA dizAsUcana ___ mammaTa kevala kAvyazAstra ke hI jJAtA nahIM the apitu ve vyAkaraNa', vedAnta, mImAMsA, nyAya, sAMkhya Adi zAstroM ke bho zlAghanIya jJAtA the| yaha bAta unake mUla aura TIkA ke vivecana se pramANita hotI hai| anya darzanoM ke vizAla jJAna ke kAraNa hI rasAsvAda ke svarUpa-darzana meM brahmarasAsvAda ke sAtha tulanAtmaka carcA kI hai| mAyA, prapaJca athavA mokSaprApti se sambaddha diye gaye udAharaNa, rasAsvAda, mitayogitA jJAna, mitetara jJAna kI vilakSaNatA, nirvikalpa tathA nirvikalpaka jJAna ko saviSayaka mAnanA athavA nahIM ? ye sabhI bAteM unake vedAntaviSayaka vizAla jJAna ko abhivyakta karatI haiN| nyAyazAstra ke bhI ve acche jJAtA the| sAtha hI mammaTa zabda, usakA artha aura zaktiyoM ke bAre meM gambhIratA-pUrvaka prAmANika vivecana karate haiN| unhoMne 'yat' zabda kI 'tat' zabda ke sAtha sAkAMkSatA aura nirAkAMkSatA kI carcA kI hai| vahA~ unakA pANDitya spaSTa rUpa se jhalaka uThatA hai / tathA bhImasena ke udgAroM ko dekheM to unhoMne mammaTa ko 'vAgdevatAvatAra' arthAt sarasvatI ke samAna kahA hai| kAvyaprakAza ke mUla kA svarUpa-paricaya aba hama yahA~ to kAvyaprakAza kA alpa-svalpa arthAt nAmamAtra kA hI paricaya dete haiN| isa grantha ke dasa ullAsa haiM aura pratyeka ullAsa kisI na kisI viziSTa hetu kA pUraka hone se nimnalikhita nAmaviSayoM se alaGkRta hai| prathama ullAsa-kAvya-prayojana kAraNa svarUpavizeSa nirNaya dvitIya ullAsa-zabdArthasvarUpa-nirNaya tRtIya ullAsa-arthavyaJjakatA-nirNaya lAsa-dhvani bheda-prabheda nirUpaNa 1. 'nATyazAstra' kAvya kA aMga hote hue bhI use kAvyaprakAza meM sthAna nahIM diyA gayA hai jabaki 'sAhitya-darpaNa' meM vizvanAtha ne sthAna diyA hai| . 2. dekho kA0. pra0. sU0. 7, tathA pAMcaveM ullAsa meM mahimabhaTTa ke mata kA khaNDana / 3. 'vaiyAkaraNa siddhAntamaJjUSA' to kAvyaprakAza ko pramANabhUta grantha batAtI hai| 4. mammaTa zaivamatAnuyAyI tathA zavAgamajJa the|

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paJcama ullAsa-dhvani-guraNIbhUta vyaMgya, saMkIrNa bheda nirUparaNa SaSTha ullAsa- zabdArthacitra nirUpaNa saptama ullAsa-doSadarzana aSTama ullAsa--- guNAlaGkAra bheda niyataguNa-nirNaya navama ullAsa- zabdAlaGkAra-nirNaya dazama ullAsa- arthAlaGkAra-nirNaya stutya pratipAdana zailI dvArA mammaTa ne kArikA, sUtravRtti evaM udAharaNoM ke dvArA viSaya ko vyakta kiyA hai / sUtrAtmaka zailI hone se arthagAmbhIrya bahuta hai| sUtra meM saMkSiptArtha sUcaka sImita zabdaprayoga ke kAraNa yaha grantha sadA kliSTa aura dugama' pratIta ho yaha svAbhAvika hai|| ___ isameM katipaya udAharaNa bhI durgama tathA doSapUrNa haiM aura isI kAraNa ise samajhane ke lie bhinnabhinna vidvAnoM ne TIkAoM kI racanA kI hai ataH TIkAoM kI saMkhyA kI mAtrA adbhuta kahI jA sake aisI saMkhyA para pahu~ca gayI haiN| mujhe lagatA hai ki saMskRta meM yaha eka hI grantha aisA hogA ki jisa para sau-sau TIkAeM banI hoM! grantha kA saMkSipta paricaya dekara aba isakI TIkA ke sambandha meM vicAra karate haiN| upAdhyAyajI dvArA racita prastuta TokA ke sambandha meM kAvyaprakAza ke kevala do ullAsoM para upAdhyAyajI dvArA nirmita prastuta TIkA kA ullekha jaina, ajaina kisI ne nahIM kiyA hai| kevala kucha jaina vidvAnoM ko hI jaina jJAnabhaNDAra se kAvyaprakAza kI prati upalabdha hone se unako isakA prAbhAsa thA avazya, kintu prApta pANDulipi atyadhika khaNDita aura azuddha thI, isakI pratilipiyA~ bhI huI kintu ve bhI vaisI hI huI aura atyadhika azuddha hone ke kAraNa hI isa kRti ko prakAzita karane kA utsAha kiso kA jAgRta nahIM huaa| nahIM to anya kRtiyA~ jisa prakAra prakAzita huI usI prakAra yaha bhI ho jaatii| puNyAtmA puNyavijayajI dvArA likhita presakaoNpI aisI sthiti meM mere sahRdayI prAtmamitra, prakhara saMzodhaka vidvadvarya svargastha AgamaprabhAkara puNyanAmadheya zrIpuNyavijayajI mahArAja jinakA nazvara deha isa dharatI para vidyamAna nahIM hai aura jinako smRti mAja bhI hRdaya ko gadgada kara detI hai| jinakA mujhapara hArdika prema tathA akAraNa pakSapAta thA aura jo 1. kAvyaprakAzasya kRtA gRhe gRhe TIkA tathApyeSa tathaiva durgmH| sukhena vijJAtumimaM ya Ihate dhIraH sa etAM nipuNaM vilokyatAm // -TIkAkAra mahezvarAcArya 2. sampAdaka-DA0 zrI rudradevajI tripAThI ne prAyaH samasta TIkAoM aura TIkAkAroM kA sundara paricaya isa grantha ke 'upodghAta' meM diyA hai| upAdhyAyajI ne inase adhika ullAsoM para TIkA nirmita kI ho, aisA koI pramANa nahIM milA hai| unakI abhiruci ke viSayAnurUpa mahattva ke ullAsa ye do hI the| anumAnataH aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kAvyaprakAza ke anya bhAga kA unhoMne sparza nahIM kiyA hogaa|

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27 mere prati prAtmIya zraddhA rakhate the| aise una puNyAtmA ke pAsa prAyaH bIsa varSa pUrva mujhe rahane kA avasara milA taba upAdhyAyajI se sambandhita jo kucha sAmagrI unake pAsa thI vaha mujhe denA prArambha kii| usameM unhoMne svahasta se likhita kAvyaprakAza kI presakaoNpI bhI bar3e utsAha aura udAratA se mujhe pradAna kii| usa kaoNpI ke motI ke samAna sundara akSara suspaSTa aura sundara maror3avAlI eka sarvamAnya kRti kI presakaoNpI ko dekhakara maiMne apAra Ananda kA anubhava kiyaa| mujhe lagA ki anya mahattva ke aneka kAryoM ke rahate hue bhI unakI zrutabhakti kI kaisI lagana aura upAdhyAyajI ke prati kaisI ananya niSThA thI ki unhoMne samaya nikAla kara (kliSTa hastaprati ke AdhAra se) svayaM presakaoNpI kii| unake dvArA kI huI presakaoNpI arthAt sarvAGga suvyavasthita pratilipi ke drshn| (unake dvArA likhita presakaoNpI kA phoTo blaoNka isa grantha meM chapA hai use dekheN|) varSoM ke pazcAt isa kaoNpI kA kArya hAtha meM liyA aura hamAre arthAt 'zrImuktikamala jaina mohanamAlA' aura anya bhaNDAra kI, isa taraha do bhaNDAroM kI, do pANDulipiyA~ ma~gavAI, anyatra isakI pANDulipi upalabdha nahIM thI / ye donoM pratiyA~ prAyaH azuddha aura pAThoM se khaNDita thiiN| itanA hote hue bhI donoM pANDulipiyA~ kahIM kahIM eka dUsare kI pUraka hoM aisI hone se ye presa kaoNpI ke sAtha milAne meM yatra-tatra sahAyaka huI aura tadanantara unake AdhAra se pUrNataH nayI hI presakaoNpo taiyAra karavAI gii| upAdhyAyajI ke svahastAkSara kI upalabdha prati yaha presakaoNpI taiyAra hone ke bAda ahamadAbAda ke bhaNDAra se puNyAtmA munipravara zrIpuNyavijaya jI mahArAja ko svayaM upAdhyAyajI ke hAtha kI likhI huI eka prati mila gaI / unhoMne mujhe tatkAla zubha samAcAra bheje aura mere liye zIghra hI usakI phoTosTeTa kApI nikalavAkara mujhe bheja dii| maiMne usa pratilipi ko dekhakara bhAvapUrNa namana kiyaa| mere prAnanda kA pAra nahIM rhaa| binA kisI prakAra ke miTAnebigAr3ane Adi ke cihna ke sundara akSaroM meM likhI huI prati dekhanA yaha bhI eka prakAra kA lAbha hI hai| yaha pANDulipi mila jAne para pahale taiyAra kI gaI presakaoNpI ke sAtha maiMne usakA milAna kiyA aura khaNDita pAThoM ko pUrNa kiyaa| parizrama to paryApta huA kintu azuddha pATha zuddha ho gye| isase merA bhAra halakA huA aura pariNAmasvarUpa mujhe pUrNa santoSa huA ki aba yaha kRti pUrNarUpeNa zuddha pATha ke rUpa meM de skNgaa| varSoM taka yaha presakaoNpI mere pAsa par3I rhii| anya kArya calate the, ataH ise rakhe rhaa| kAvyaprakAza ke prAdya TIkAkAra kauna the? kAvyaprakAza kI racanA gyArahavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM huI aura usake pazcAt isa grantha ke yathArtha artha kA jJAna karAne ke liye sarvaprathama TIkA banAne kA gaurava eka jainAcArya ko hI prApta huaa| yaha ghaTanA bhI jainasamAja ke liye gauravAspada bnii| ina prAcArya zrI kA nAma thA mANikyacandrajI / isase ve sabase prAcIna TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha hae / inhoMne TIkA kA nAma 'saGketa' rakhA tathA isakI racanA 1016 (I. san 1160) meM huii| isake pazcAt prAyaH sAr3he pAMca sau varSa bIta jAne para 17-18vIM zatAbdI meM upAdhyAyajI dvArA navyanyAya kI paddhati ko mAdhyama banAkara kevala do ullAsoM para kI gaI yaha TIkA Aja prakAzita ho rahI hai| isa grantha kI TIkA vidyArthI jagat meM adhika upAdeya bane isake liye isakA bhASAntara karavAnA

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ucita samajhakara (DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI ke parAmarza se) isakA dAyitva vyAkaraNa-sAhityAcArya, DaoN. harSanAtha mizra ko soMpA gayA thaa| unhoMne bhI isa kliSTa kArya ko pUre utsAha ke sAtha pUrNa kiyA tadartha ve bhI dhanyavAdAha haiN| Aja ke yuga meM yaha aura isake samAna hI durgama mAne jAnevAle anya granthoM ke paThana-pAThana kA stara bahuta kama ho gayA hai| ataH isa grantha ko par3hanevAle do-cAra nikaleM taba bhI ahobhAgya ! kintu hamArA to uddezya hai ki jaise "bhUtakAla meM kAla ke garta meM unakI aneka kRtiyA~ samA gaIM, vaisA na ho aura ye kRtiyA~ surakSita banI raheM", isa dRSTi se hI yaha prayatna hai| jainadharma kA siddhAnta hai ki 'sau meM se eka vyakti hI yadi dharma kA pAlana kare to sAmanevAle preraka kA puruSArtha saphala hai|' prasiddha nATakakAra AcArya zrI bhavabhUti kI 'utpatsyate'tra mama ko'pi samAnadharmA' isa ukti kA vicAra kareM to bhaviSyakAla meM aise hI dUsare yazovijaya ke nirmANa meM ye kRtiyA~ nimitta baneMgI taba vastutaH hamArA prayAsa saphalatA kA varaNa kregaa| merI bhAvanA aura cintA mere mana meM varSoM se eka utsAha-eka bhAvanA rahatI thI ki pU0 upAdhyAyajI kI mere dvArA zakya aisI kRtiyoM kA saMzodhana, sampAdana athavA anuvAda Adi kA kArya maiM svayaM karake unakI zrutasevA kA yatkiJcit lAbha kyoM na prApta karUM ? ataH maiM prativarSa isake lie yathAyogya yathAzakti prayatnazIla rahatA thA, kintu pahale to mere nityamitra zarIra kI cirasthAyI banI huI pratikUlatA aura isake kAraNa upajane vAle kAryAnta rAya tathA dUsarI merI vividha kAraNoM se vividha prakAra kI vyastatA, isa kAraNa majhe lagA ki aba mujhe isa sambandha kI mamatA athavA moha ko chor3a hI denA caahiye| kintu sAtha hI yaha vicAra bhI AtA ki moha-mamatA ko chor3a to dUM para kArya kA bhAra uThAnevAlA yadi koI nahIM mile to kyA karanA ? isI bIca bhale hI dIrghakAla ke bAda, kintu mere purAne mitra sAhitya-sAMkhyayogAcArya DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI kA dillI se bambaI AnA huA, taba ve mujhe milane Aye, usa samaya maiMne unase kahA ki "paNDitajI ! aba akele hAthoM sabhI uttaradAyitvoM kA vahana kara sakU~ aisI merI sthiti nahIM rahI, isa kArya meM anya koI sahAyaka nahIM hai. yaha dekhate hue yadi aba maiM prastuta kArya kI mamatA athavA moha para pUrNa thavA ardhavirAma nahIM lagAU~ to prastuta prakAzana prakAzanoM kA prakAza kaba dekheMge? yaha cintA banI rahatI hai|" unhoMne merI vivazatApUrNa yaha bAta sunI aura sahRdayI paramotsAhI paNDitajI ne mere kArya meM sahayogI banane ko saharSa svIkRti dii| taba maiMne inheM 'stotrAvalI' tathA 'kAvyaprakAza' kI saMzodhita evaM sampAdita presakaoNpiyAM chapAne ke liye diiN| diye huye kArya ko yathAsamaya karake prathama stotrAvalI' kA mudraNasampAdanAdi kArya pUrA kiyA aura vaha grantha 'yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana' ke caturtha puSpa ke rUpa meM prakAzita bhI ho gayA hai| aba Aja kAvyaprakAza ke eka aMza kI TIkA kA prakAzana bhI inake pUrNa parizrama ke bAda prakAzita ho rahA hai, ataH paNDitajI ko bahuta-bahuta hArdika dhanyavAda detA hai| yaha prakAzana mere dvArA svIkRta paddhati aura dI gaI sUcanA tathA parAmarza ke anusAra hone se isa. kA mujhe santoSa huA hai|

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sampAdana kI vidhi isakA sampAdana 1-mUla, 2 vRtti, 3-TIkA, 4-anuvAda tathA 5-pAda TippaNa se yukta hone se paJcapAThI huA hai| sAtha hI vidvattApUrNa vividha jAnakArI se yukta parizramapUrvaka likhA gayA upodghAta hai, jisameM paNDitajI ne vistAra se aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA paricaya, jainAcAryoM dvArA praNIta kAvyazAstrIya grantha, kAvyaprakAza kI viziSTatA, isakI aneka TIkAoM kA paricaya tathA prastuta TIkA kI samIkSA dI hai| isake atirikta pariziSTa prAdi se bhI grantha ko alaGa kRta kiyA hai| ___ katipaya kaThina athavA truTita sthaloM ke anusandhAna meM tarka-nyAyaratna, saujanyamUrti, sahRdayI, vidvadvarya paM. zrIIzvaracandrajI zarmA ne jo sahayoga diyA usake liye ve bhI bahuta abhinandana ke adhikArI haiM / prastuta TokA meM kyA hai ? kAvyaprakAza ke kevala dUsare aura tIsare ullAsa para prakAzita kI gaI isa TIkA meM pUjya upAdhyAyajI ne 'kAvyagata zabdArtha svarUpa-nirUpaNa' tathA 'arthavyaJjakatA-nirUpaNa' se sambandhita UhApohoM ko naiyAyika zailI meM pratipAdita karate hue pUrvavartI nau TIkAkAroM kA (nAmapUrvaka nirdeza karake) tathA prAyaH caudaha anya granthakAroM ke matoM kA vivecena kiyA hai / isa vivecana ke prasaGga meM upAdhyAyajI ne kisI taraha ke sAmpradAyika durAgraha ko sthAna nahIM diyA hai apitu taTastha rUpa se hI apane pUrvagAmiyoM ke vividha matoM kA ullekha karate hue apane matoM kA upasthApana kiyA hai aura vaha bhI bahuta hI spaSTatA ke sAtha kiyA hai / kucha prastuta kRti ke sambandha meM jaisA ki pahale kaha gayA hU~ usake anusAra pUjya upAdhyAya jI ke hastAkSaravAlI jo prati prApta huI usa prati meM prArambha ke 1 se 6 patra nahIM haiM aura sAtaveM patra se dUsare aura tIsare ullAsa kI TIkA kA prArambha huA hai| ataH tarka uThatA hai ki ina pUrva patroM meM kyA pahale ullAsa kI TIkA rahI hogI jo ki uttarakAla meM naSTa ho gaI hogI ? nirNaya karane ke lie koI sAdhana upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu dUsare DhaMga se vicAra karane se aisA bhI lagatA hai ki "upAdhyAyajI kA priya viSaya 'nyAyAvatAra' puruSa hone se navyanyAya kA ho rahA hai tathA navyanyAya kA upayoga kiyA jA sake aise lAkSaNika ullAsa mukhyarUpa se dvitIya aura tRtIya hI haiM / ataH ina donoM para hI unhoMne TIkA kI hogI" aisA mAnane ke liye mana adhika prerita hotA hai| pANDulipi ke prArambha ke chaH pRSTha unakI kisI anya kRti ke bhI ho sakate hai jo naSTa ho gaye hoMge athavA isase pRthaka ho gaye hoMge / jo ho so ho / yadi hemacandrAcAryajI kRta 'kAvyAnuzAsana' para upAdhyAyajI dvArA racita 'alaMkAra-cUDAmaNi' TIkA upalabdha ho jAtI to kadAcit kAvyaprakAza ke prathama athavA agrima ullAsoM para unhoMne TIkA banAI thI athavA nahIM ? isakA nirNaya karanA sarala ho jaataa| dUsarA durbhAgya yaha hai ki upAdhyAyajI kI kucha kRtiyoM kI eka se adhika hastalikhita pratilipiyA~ bhI upalabdha nahIM hotI haiN| pANDulipi paricaya ___do ullAsavAlI eka pANDulipi pAlItANA jainasAhitya mandira' meM sthita 'zrI muktika mala mohana granthabhaNDAra' se prApta haI thI kintu vaha bahuta hI azuddha thii| aisI hI pANDulipi dUsare bhaNDAra se

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bhI milI thI kintu yaha pANDulipi kisI viziSTa paricaya ko prApta nahIM hone se maiM isakA paricaya nahIM de rahA huuN| kucha samaya pazcAt upAdhyAya bhagavanta ke svahasta se likhita pANDulipi jo prApta huI tathA jo Aja 'zrI lAlabhAI dalapata bhAI vidyAmandira' meM vidyamAna hai usI prati kI phoTosTeTa kaoNpI mere pAsa hai, jisameM prArambha ke 1 se 6 taka ke patra nahIM hai aura bIca meM bhI koI-koI patra nahIM hai| ye patra eka samAna akSaroM se nahIM likhe gaye haiM / akSara choTe-bar3e haiM aura yahI kAraNa hai ki pratipRSTha meM paMktiyoM kI saMkhyA meM bhI eka pramukha arthAt 16 se 22 paMkti kA antara dekhane meM AtA hai| isIliye pratipaGkti ke akSaroM kI saMkhyA meM bhI antara rahe yaha svAbhAvika hai / yaha antara 52 se 62 akSaroM ke bIca kA hai / prati kA AkAra 25/11 seM0 mITara hai| abhivAdana ___ anta meM isa avasara para pUjya gurudeva, sahAyaka, sAdhu, sAdhvI, mere sAtha kArya karane vAle, saMsthA ke TrasTI, mantrIgaNa, nAmI-anAmI sahAyaka tathA dAnadAtAoM Adi kA maiM abhivAdana karatA huuN| prakAzana-sambandhI bhAvI citra upAdhyAyajI ke aneka granthoM kA jo uttaradAyitva mere sira para thA vaha mahAprabhAvaka zrIpArzvanAtha prabhu tathA sva0 upAdhyAyajI mahArAja, bhagavatI zrI padmAvatIjI aura zrI sarasvatIjI evaM pUjya gurudevoM kI satkRpA se mere dvArA azakya koTi kA aisA kArya hote hue bhI zakya hokara aba kinAre pahuMcane pAyA hai tathA majhe lagatA hai ki unakI prasiddha choTI-bar3I samasta kRtiyoM kA prakAzana vi0 saM0 2033 meM parNa ho jAegA aura varSoM se mere sira kA bhAra itane aMzoM meM halakA hone se parama prasannatA aura eka kartavya ke nirvAha kA zvAsocchvAsa lene kA bhAgyazAlI bnuuNgaa| drutavilambita chanda kI gati se cala rahe isa kArya ke prasaMga meM janasaMgha tathA mere sahayogI kAryakartA Adi kA maiM paryApta aparAdhI bana gayA thA kintu aba isa aparAdha se mukti pAne ke dina nikaTa A rahe haiM aisA lagatA hai| usake pazcAt sadbhAgya hogA to 'upAdhyAyajI, eka adhyayana' (jIvana aura kArya) para vistAra se likhanA cAhatA huuN| tathA upAdhyAyajI kI lagabhaga sabhI gujarAtI kRtiyoM vAlA 'gurjarasAhityasaMgraha' unake usa samaya kI bhASA meM chapavAne tathA punarmudraNa kI apekSAvAlI kRtiyoM ko chapAne aura anuvAda karAne kI ora lakSya dene kI dhAraNA banAI hai| yaha dhAraNA kitanI phalIbhUta hogI yaha to jJAnI jaaneN| jainaM jayati zAsanam / bhASAr3ha kRSNa dazamI di. 23/7/76 bAlakezvara, bambaI

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pradhAna saMpAdakanuM purovacana le, muniyavijya upAma : - vidvAne e anumAnita rIte nakkI karela samaya mujaba agiyAramI sadInA uttarArdhamAM vAgadevatAvatAra jevA masaTa nAmanA gRhasthAcAryazrIe racelA kAvyaprakAza' nAmanA suvikhyAta graMthanA bIjA ane trIje ullAsa upara, sattaramI sadImAM thaelA tAki ziromaNi, SaGarzanattA, saMkhyAbaMdha prathAnA racayitA zrI paramapUjya upAdhyAya zrImadda vijayajI mahArAje racelI TIkA pahelavahelI ja pragaTa thaI rahI che, te mATe samagra sAhityAnurAgI jagat AthI eka AnaMdanI laharIne anubhava karyA vinA nahIM rahe. paNa te atyanta AnaMda sAthe gauravane paNa anubhava karI rahyo chuM, mArA mATe AnaMda ane gauravanAM be kAraNe che. paheluM kAraNa e che ke eka mahApuruSanI saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelI sAhityAdikanA tathA keTalAka dArzanika siddhAntanuM tarkabaddha vivecana karanArI eka mahAna kRtinA prakAzananI javAbadArImAMthI huM mukta thaI rahyo chuM ane tethI eka prakAranI haLavAza anubhavI rahyo chuM. bIjuM kAraNa nyAyapUrNa TIkA jenuM bhASAMtara thavuM duHzakya chatAM tenuM bhASAMtara suzakya banIne hindI bhASAMtara sAthe A kRti pracaMTa thaI rahI che. sAmAnya mAnyatA evI che ke tAniyAyi, kaThora svabhAvavALA hoya che, kema ke tarka dalIle, ke padArthajJAnamAM kaMI AnaMda nathI AvatA. te bhejAnuM dahIM kare tevI bAbata che, eTale yAyike jaladI sAhityakAra banatA nathI, sAhityakAra te ja banI zake ke jenA hRdayamAM mRdutA-komalatA ke sarasatAnuM pramANa vadhu hoya. ema chatAM "vajhA hofja kRmi na"i nI kAlidAsaktine bhajanArA A maharSie jarUra paDe tyAre vejathI paNa vadhu kaThora-kaDaka thaI zake che ne avasare phula karatAM ye vadhu sukamala hRdayane anubhava karAve che. vaLI ema paNa vikatavAyakA che ke zreSThaviAne kAvyasAhityanA kSetrane hINuM samaje che ane kahe che ke paMDita na thaI zake tevA leke 'kAvya-kavitAomAM jhukAve che. paraMtu upAdhyAyajI mATe A ukti niSphaLa puravAra thaI ane emaNe bhAratIya sAhityanidhinI eka khyAtanAma kRti upara pitAnI kalama calAvI potAnI sarvAgI pratibhAnAM darzana karAvyAM. ane e dvArA jene sAhitya ane jena zrIsaMghane kharekhara ! gaurava bakyuM che. jJAna-vijJAnanI aneka zAkhAone pupita-pallavita karavAnI adamya dhagaza dharAvanAra, paropakAra rasika upAdhyAyajI zrImadda yazovijayajI jevA bahuzruta ane bahumukhI vidvAne kAvya jevA viSayane paNa choDyo nahi ane A rIte jaina zrIsaMghane kharekhara gaurava bakyuM che. eka ja vyaktie jJAnanI vividha zAkhA-prazAkhA upara eTaluM vipula ane vistRta sAhityanuM sarjana karyuM che ke jenuM mUlyAMkana karavuM ati kilaSTa che. 1. A mATe eka ukti paNa prasiddha che ke--sApu aA javA mavati | zAstra na bhaNI zake te kavi thAya che. paNa upAdhyAyajI mATe A ukti ghaTamAna na hatI.

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kAvyaprakAza eka granthamaNi : kAvyaprakAza (aparanAma-sAhityasatra) kAvyazAstranI zreNimAM 'graMthamaNi gaNAya che. A granthanI racanA eTalI badhI arthagaMbhIra ane uMDA rahasyathI pUrNa che ene ja meLavavA samaye samaye thayelA aneka vidvAnoe vividha TIkAo dvArA enI arthapUrNatAne, temaja enI mahatvapUrNa vilakSaNa khUbIonA uMDANane mApavA athAga prayatno karyA che. AnA 52 racavAmAM AvelI 70thI vadhu TIkAo eno prabaLa purAvo che. ATalA badhA vivaraNa-TIkAo racAyAM hovA chatAM, A viSayanA pAraMgata vidvAnone mana, haja paNa A graMtha durgama ja rahyo che. ane ethI ja samaye samaye koIne koI vidvAnane kAvyaprakAzanuM khetara kheDavAnuM mana lalacAyA vinA rahetuM nathI, A graMtha upara mAtra saMskRtamAM ja TIkAo che evuM paNa nathI. vividha pradezonI vividha bhASAomAM paNa AnA bhASAMtara thayAM che ane thaI rahyAM che. kAvya prakAzanI sarvamAnya viziSTatAo : kAvyaprakAzanuM A sArvabhauma mahatva tenI viziSTatAonA kAraNe svayaM praphuTita thayuM che. tenI vizeSatAo zuM che, tenuM A digadarzana karAvavuM hoya te A rIte karAvI zakAya 1. kAvya saMbaMdhI A prAcInakALathI cAlI AvatI mAnyatAonuM majabUta paNe kareluM vizleSaNa 2. pitAnA samaya sudhI nizcita thaelA viSayonuM temaNe sumarIte kareluM nirIkSaNa ane parIkSaNa. 3. khyAtanAma AnaMdavardhana prasthApita trIjI zabdazakti vyaMjanAnuM samarthana karavA sAthe dhvaninI karelI pratiSThA, vani siddhAntanA virodhI evA vaiyAkaraNIo, sAhityakAra, vedAntIe, mImAMsaka ane naiyAyikAe uThAvelI ApattionuM prabala yukti dvArA khaMDana. 4. vaiyAkaraNa gA, yAska, pANinI vagere AcArya dvArA pratipAdita 34mAnAM lakSaNo ane ala. kArazAstranAM keTalAka niyamanuM vyavasthita vyavasthApana. 5. bharatamunithI bheja sudhInA lagabhaga 1200 varSanA samaya daramiyAna carcAelA alaMkAra zAstranA vyApaka viSayo upara svataMtra manthana karI navanItanI jema ApeluM sArabhUta vivecana, alaMkAranuM yathArtha mUlyAMkana, kAvyanuM lakSaNa, zabdazaktio, dhvanirasasUtragata ane niSTha, deSa, guNa, rIti ane alaMkAronuM kareluM yathArtha mUlyAMkana. 1. kAvyAcA-bhAmaha, daraDI, udbhaTa, vAmana, sTaMTa vagere vidvAnoe je kAvyazAstra viSayaka graMtha raramAM te badhAMya padyamAM racyAM che, chatAM temane "sUtra'nI saMjJA apAI che, paNa mammaTe navI rAha svIkArIne gaMbhIrArthakakArikA ane vRttimAM sUtra paddhatie ja grantha racanA karI che, tethI 'ja A granthane sUtra kahevAya che. temaja kAvyaprakAzanA keTalAya TIkAkAroe A grantha mATe "sa zabda prayoga paNa karyo che. 2. ma. ma. gokulanAtha upAdhyAye lakhyuM che ke- manthAnamandaragiribhramaNaprayatnAd ratnAni kAni canakena cittAni / nanvasti sAmpratamapArapayayodhipUra garbhAvarasthagitaaiSagaNo'maNInAm // -phA. pra. TIkA,

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3 6. pAtAnAthI pUrve thaI gayelA granthakArAnI jJAtavya uttama bAbatAne saMgraha ane upekSaNIya bAbatAnA parityAga. 7. sakSipta sUtrazailImAM aneka viSayAnu karelu vyavasthita saMkalana vagere. mammaTanI bahumukhI pratibhA--pANDitye varNavelI aneka vizeSatAonA kAraNe A grantha eka Akara (khANu) grantha banI gayA che. ane e eTalA badhA samAnya jevA ane pramANabhUta banI gayo che ke aneka granthakArAe potAnA graMthamAM 'tatyutta' dAbyaprajAze' ema kahIne tene ati samAdara karIne graMthanI prAmANikatA upara maheAra-chApa mArI ApI che. mammaTa mAtra kAvyazAstranA ja jJAtA na hatA. teo vyAkaraNa, vedAnta, ramImAMsA, nyAya, sAMkhyAdi zAstranA paNa zlAghanIya jJAtA hatA. je vAta temanA mUla ane TIkAnA vivecanathI pUravAra thAya che. anya daneAnA vizALa jJAnanA kAraNe ja rasAsvAdanA svarUpadarzanamAM brahmarasAsvAda joDe tulanAtmaka carcA karI che. mAyA, prapaMca ke mAkSa prAptine lagatAM ApelAM udAharaNA, rasAsvAda, khitayeAgitAjJAna, teitarajJAnanI vilakSaNatA, nirvikalpa tathA nirvikalpaka jJAnane viSayaka mAnavuM ke kema ? A badhI bAbate temanA vedAnta viSayaka vizALa jJAnane chatuM kare che. vaLI nyAyazAstranA paNa teo sArA jJAtA hatA. vaLI 'mammaTa' zabda tenA artha ane tenI zakti viSe gaMbhIrapaNe prAmANika vivecana kare che. temaNe par zabdanI sat zabda sAkAMkSatA ane nirAkAMkSatAnI carcA karI che. tyAM temanI paDitAI spaSTapaNe jhaLakI UThI che. ane bhImasenanA udgArane joIe tA temaNe mammaTane vAvatAvatAra' arthAt sarasvatInA avatAra jevA kalA che. anyaprakAza mUlanA svapa pazciya : have ApaNe ahIM tA kAvya prakAzanA svalpa nAma mAtranA piracaya karIe. A granthanAM daza ullAsa che. ane dareka ullAsa koIne koI viziSTa hetunA pUraka hovAthI nIce jaNAvelA nAma-viSayathI alaMkRta che. prathama ullAsa-kAvya prayAjana kAraNa svarUpa vizeSa niya. dvitIya ullAsa-zabdArtha svarUpa niNaeNya. tRtIya ullAsa-artha vRM jaktA niya caturthaM ullAsa--dhvanibheda-prabheda nirUpaNu paMcama ullAsa--dhvani--guNIbhUta, vyaMgya saMkIrNabheda nirUpaNu SaSThe ullAsa-zabdArtha citra nirUpaNu saptama ullAsa-doSa darzana aSTama ullAsa-guNAlaMkArabheda niyataguNu nihya, navama ullAsa-zabdAlaMkAra niya, dazama ullAsa-arthAlaMkAra nirNaya. A pramANe viSayA che. 1. juo hA. tra, sU, 7 temaja pAMcamA ullAsamAM mahimabhaTTa matanuM khaMDana 2. hai, ji. maMjUSA tA kAvyaprakAzane pramANabhUta grantha lekhe che.

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pratipAdananI daSTie mammaTa kArikA-sUtravRtti ane udAharaNo dvArA viSayane vyakta karyo che. tenI racanAmAM sUtrAtmaka zailI hevAthI arthamAMbhIrya ghaNuM che. sUtramAM saMkSiptasUcaka sImIta zabda prayogonA kAraNe grantha sadA kilaSTa ane durgama lAge te svAbhAvika che. keTalAMka udAharaNudi paNa durgama dejavALAM che. ane Aja kAraNe ene samajAvavA mATe jAtajAtanA vidAe TIkAo racI tethI TIkAnI saMkhyAnuM pramANa adUbhUta kahI zakAya tevA AMkaDe pahoMcI gayuM che. mane lAge che ke saMskRtamAM A eka ja grantha haze ke jenA para lagabharga se so TIkAo racAI heya ! upAdhyAyajI kRta prastuta TIkA aMge : kAvyaprakAzanA mAtra be ullAsa pUratI racelI upAdhyAyajI kRta prastuta TIkAne ullekha jainaajena keIe karyo nathI. phakta keTalAka jaina vidvAnane ja jaina jJAna-bhaMDAramAMthI kAvyaprakAzanI piAthI upalabdha thatAM eno khyAla hatA. prApya pothI vadhu paDatI khaMDita ane azuddha hatI, enI nakala thaI te paNa tevI ja thaI ane vadhu paDatI azuddhi hovAnAM kAraNe ja kadAca A kRti prakAzita karavAne utsAha koIne jAgyo nahIM hoya, nahIMtara bIjI kRtio jemAM prakAzita thaI tema A paNa thaI hota ! yAtmA zrI puNyavijyajInI presa kepI: evAmAM mArA sAhadayI Atmamitra, prakharasaMzodhaka, vidarbha, svargastha Agama prabhAkara purajAmadheya zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja jeozrIne akSara deha A dharatI para vidAmAna nathI. ane jemanI smRti Aje paNa lAgaNI vivaza banAve che. jeozrIne mArA para hArdika prema ane akAraNa paNa pAta hatA ane mArA pratye AtmIya zraddhA rAkhatA hatA. teonI pAse mAre va rSa ura rahevAnuM thayuM. tyAre upAdhyAyajI aMgenI je kaMI sAmagrI teozrI pAse hatI te mane ApaDhA mAMDI. temAM teozrIe pote svahaste lakhelI kAvyaprakAzanI presa kopI paNa khUba utsAha ane udAratAthI mane jANa karI. e kepInA motI jevA suMdara akSaro, suspaSTa ane suMdara maroDavALI eka sarvamAnya kitinI upAdhyAyajInI presa kepI joI meM anahada AnaMda anubhavyuM. mane thayuM ke anya mahatvanAM aneka kAryo vacce paNa teozrInI zrutabhaktinI kevI lagana ! ame 'upAdhyiAyajI pratyenI ananya lAgaNI ! samaya kADhIne (kilaSTa hasta prata uparathI) svayaM presa kepI karI. teozrInI presa kopI eTale sarvAga suvyavasthita nakalanAM darzana. teozrInI lekhita presa kepImo Tebleka A granthamAM chApyo che te juo. varSo bAda A presa kopInuM kArya hAtha para lIdhuM ane amArA hastakanA zrImukti kamala jaina mahA1. kAvyaprakAzasya kRtA gRhe gRhe tathApyeSa tathaiva durgamaH / / sukhena vizAtumimaM ya Ihate dhIraH sa etAM nipuNaM trilokyatAm / / TIkAkAra mahezvarAcArya.. - , , , - saMpAdaka paMDita zrI zukadevajIe lagabhaga tamAma TIkAo ane TIkAkAne suMdara paMdhiya A granthanA uddaghAtamAM Apyo che. 3. upAdhyAyajIe vadhu ullAsa para TIkA karI hoya evo koI purAvo maLe nathI. emanA sanA AtanA ullAsa A be ja hatA. anumAnataH lAge ke kAvyaprakAzanA anyabhAgane spasya vahIM bak ,

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mAlAnI ane bIja bhaMDAranI, ema be bhaMDAronI be pratie maMgAvI, anyatra A pI ne na hatI. A banne pratio ThIka ThIka rIte azuddha ane pAThothI khaMDita hatI. ema chatAM banne prati eka bIjAne kayAMka kayAMka pUraka thAya tevI hevAthI te presa kepI sAthe meLavavAmAM kyAMka kyAMka sahAyaka banI. ane te pachI te uparathI taddana navI ja presa kepI taiyAra karAvI. upAdhyAyanA svasthatAkSaranI maLI AvelI prati - A presa kopI taiyAra thayA bAda amadAvAdanA bhaMDAramAMthI puNyAtmA munipravara zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjane khuda upAdhyAyajInA hAthanI lakhelI prati maLI gaI. teozrIe mane tapta ja zubha samAcAra pAThavyA ane mArA mATe teozrIe tarata ja phosTeTa pI levaDAvI mane moklI ApI. meM joI prastuta pothIne bhAvabhInuM namana karyuM. mArA AnaMdano pAra rahyo nahi. cekacAka vinAnI, suMdara akSaramAM lakhAyelI prati jevI e paNa eka hA che. A pothI maLatAM taiyAra thayelI presa kopI joDe meM meLavI lIdhI. ane khaMDita pATha pUrNa karyA. parizrama khUba thayo paNa azuddha pATho zuddha thavA pAmyA eTale haLave thaI gayo ane phaLasvarUpe mane paramateya thaye have A kRti taddana zuddha pATha rUpe ApI zakIzuM ema thayuM. - varSo sudhI A presa kepI mArA pAse paDI rahI. bIjA kAme cAlatAM hatA eTale te rAkhI mUkI hatI. kAvyaprakAzanA Ai TIkAkAra karuM? kAvyaprakAzanI racanA agiyAramI sadInA uttarArdhamAM thaI ane te pachI e maLyA yathArtha arthanuM jJAna karAvavA mATe pahelI ja TIkA racavAnuM mAna eka jainAcAryanA ja phALe AvyuM. e dhane piNa jene mATe gauravarUpa banI. A AcAryazrIjInuM nAma hatuM mANijyacandrajI. sahuthI prAcIna TIkAkAra tarIke te prasiline pAmyA. emane TIkAnuM nAmakaraNa saMta rAkhyuM. ane enI racanA vi. saM. 1016 (I. sa. 1160)mAM thaI che, tyAra pachI lagabhaga sADA pAMca saikAo vItyAbAda 17-18mI zatAbdimAM upAdhyAyajIe nibanyAyanI paddhatine mAdhyama banAvIne be ullAsanI karelI TIkA Aje pragaTa thaI rahI che. ' A granthanI TIkA vidyArthI AlamamAM vadhu pracalita bane e mATe tenuM bhASAMtara karAvavuM samucita jaNI tenI javAbadArI vyAkaraNa sAhityAcArya De. zrI harSanAthamizrane soMpavAmAM AvI hatI. teoe paNa A kilaSTa kAryane pUrA utsAhathI pAra pADyuM te badala teo paNa dhanyavAdAI banyA che.' . AjanA yugamAM A ane AnA jevA durgama gaNAtA granthanA paThanapAThanane mAre khUba utarI ga che. eTale A granthane bhaNanArA Ina, mana, tIna nIkaLe teya ahebhAgya ! paNa amAre uddeza bhUtakALamAM, kALanI gartAmAM teozrInI aneka kRtio garakAva thaI gaI, tevuM have na bane ane te kRtio surakSita banI rahe, eTalA khAtara ja A prayatna che, jenadharmane siddhAnta che ke temAMthI eka vyakti dharma pALe te ya sAmAne puruSArtha saphaLa che. prasiddha nATakakAra AcAryazrI bhavabhUtine sarvatra mana joSi samAna nI zakti vicArIe tyAre bhAvikALamAM bIjA yazovijayane pakavavAmAM A kRtio je nimitta banaze tyAre kharekhara ! amArA prayAsa saphaLatAne varaze.

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sArI bhAvanA, ciMtA ane anyavAdaH mArA manamAM varSAthI eka umaLakA--eka jhaMkhanA rahetI hatI ke, 'pU. upAdhyAyajInI mArAthI zakaya evI kRtionAM saMzAdhana, sapAdana ke anuvAda karavAnuM kAryAM huM pAte ja karIne teozrInI zrutasevAnA yukicita lAbha huM zA mATe na lau" ? eTale huM harasAla A mATe yathAyogya yathAzakti prayatnazIla rahetA. paNa prathama tA mArA nityamitra zarIranI cirasthAyI banelI pratikULatA ane enA lIdhe UbhA thatAM kAryAtarAyA ane khIjuM mArI vividha kAraNeA sara vividha rAkANA, A kAraNe mane thayuM ke have mAre e' dizAnA mamatA ke meAha jatA karavAM jAIe. paNa sAthe e vicAra AvatA ke meAha-mamatA jatA tA kare paNa mArA kArya bAja upADanAra jo kAI na maLe te! zuM ? daramiyAna bhale lAMbA gALe paNa mArA junA mitra yAga--sAMkhyAcAya* zrI svadevajI tripADIne dilhIthI muMbaI AvavAnuM thayuM, tyAre teo mane maLavA AvyA, tyAre temane meM kahyuM ke paDitajI have ekalA hAthe badhI ja javAbadArI vahana karI zakuM tevI sthiti mArI nathI rahI ane A bAbatamAM mane anya kAI sahAyaka nathI, e jotAM jo have prastuta kAnI mamatA ke meAha upara pUrNavirAma ke adha virAma hu" nahIM mUkuM tA prastuta prakAzane, mahAzananA prakAza jyAre joze? e ciMtA rahe che ! temaNe mArI A bharI vAta sAMbhaLI. sahRdayI, parameAtsAhI paDitajIe mArA kAnA sahakArI thavAnI saha svIkRti ApI, ane me emane stAtrAvalI' ane kAvyaprakAza'nI mArI sazAdhita ane saMpAti presa kApIe chApavA mATe ApI, sAMpelu" kA yathAsamaye karIne prathama stAtrAvalInuM mudraNa, sapAdanAdi kAya pAra pADayu, je prakAzana yazAbhAratInA ceAthA puSpa tarIke prakAzita paNa thaI gayuM. have Aje yazAbhAratInA pAMcamA puSpa tarIke kAvyaprakAzanA eka azanuM prakAzana paNa temanA pUrA parizramane aMte prakAzita thaI rahyuM che tyAre patine khUba hArdika dhanyavAda ApuM chuM. A prakAzana mArI pasaMda karelI paddhati ane ApelI sUcanA salAhane anusarIne paDitajIe karyuM" hAvAthI tenA mane satASa upajyA che, sapAdana age A. prakAzana 1. mULa, 2. vRtti, 3. TIkA, 4. anuvAda tathA 5. pAiTippaNuthI paMcapADI banyu che, sAthe vidvattApUrNa ane mAhitIpUrNa parizramapUrvaka lakhelA upAdghAta che. jemAM paDitajIe vistArathI aneka mahatvapUrNa viSayAneA paricaya, jainAcAryo dvArA praNIta kAvyazAstrIya granthA, kAvyaprakAzanI viziSTatA, tenI aneka TIkAone paricaya, temaja prastuta TIkAnI samIkSA ApI che. uparAMta pariziSTAdi vagerethI granthane alaMkRta karyo che. keTalAMka kaThina ke truTita sthaLAnA anusaMdhAnamAM tarka nyAyaratna saujanyamUti, sahRdayI, vidva paM. zrI IzvaracaMdrajI zarmAe je sahayeAga ApyA te mATe te paNa khUba abhinaMdananA adhikArI che. prastuta TIkAmAM zu che ? kAvyaprakAzanA mAtra khIna ullAsa upara prakAzita thaelI A TIkAmAM pUjya upAdhyAyajIe kAvyaMgata zabdArtha svarUpa nirUpaNa ane arthavya'jakatA nirupaNa'ne lagatA uhApAhAna naiyAyika zailImAM pratipAdana karatAM lagabhaga pRvI nava TIkAkAronA nAmapUrvaka nirdeza karyo che, ane lagabhaga cauda vibhinna granthakArAnAM matAnu` vivecana karyuM' che. A vivecana prasa`ge upAdhyAyajIe kAI sAMpradAyika

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e durAgraha sevyo nathI. paNa taTastha rIte ja peAtAnA purAzAmInA vividha matAnA ullekha karavA sAthe potAne mAnya matAnuM upasthApana karyuM che, ane te ghaNI spaSTatA sAthe karyuM" che, prastuta kRti a Mge kaMIka pahelA kahI gayA tema pUjya upAdhyAyajInA hastAkSaravALI je prati maLI te pratimAM zarUAtanA 1 thI 6 pAnAM nathI, sAtamA pAgAthI khInna trIjA ullAsanI TIkAnA prAraMbha thAya che, eTale saheje tarka thAya ke zuM pahelA ullAsanI TIkA haze ane te TIkA pAchaLathI naSTa thaI gaI haze ? niya karavAne mATe kAI sAdhana upalabdha nathI, paNu khIjI rIte vicAratAM ema paNa lAge ke upAdhyAyajI pote nyAyAvatAra' puruSa heAvAthI temanA priya viSaya navyanyAyaneAja rahyo che, ane navyanyAyane upayoga karI zakAya tevA lAkSaNika ullAsA mukhyatve khIjA--trIjA kheja che, eTale A be ja upara TIkA karI heAya tema mAnavA mana vadhu prerAya. pratinA zarUAtanA cha pAnAM emano khIjI kAI kRtinA paNa heAI zake, je naSTa thaI gayAM hoya kAM alaga paDI gayA hAya, je DAya jo hemacandrAcAryajI kRta kAvyAnuzAsana uparathI upAdhyAyajIe racelI 'ala"kAra cUDAmaNi' TIkAupalabdha thaI hAta tA kadAca kAvyaprakAzanA Adya ke agrima ullAse para TIkA karI hatI ke ma? tene niOya karavAnuM kadAca saraLa thAta. khIjI kamanasIbI e che ke upAdhyAyajInI keTalIka kRtionI ekathI vadhu hastalikhita nakala upalabdha heAtI nathI. prati paricaya : khe ullAsavALI eka prati pAlItANA jainasAhityamaMdiramAM rahelA zro muktikamala jainameAhana grantha bhaMDAra'mAMthI maLI hatI. paNa te ghaNI ja azuddha hatI. AvI ja prati khInna bhaDAramAMthI maLI hatI. paNa te ghaNI ja azuddha hato. AvIja azuddha prati bIjA bhaMDAramAMthI paNa maLI hatI. A prati kAI viziSTa paricayane prApta na heAvAthI tenA paricaya ApatA nathI. sAmAnya rIte eka prati DhAIe utArI meTA bhAge tenA uparathIja khIjI nakalA thatI hatI. eTale jevI pahelI hoya tevA ja khIjInA janma thAya. pAchaLathI upAdhyAyajI bhagavaMte svahaste lakhelI prati je maLI ane je prati Aje zrI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAi vidyAmaMdira'mAM vidyamAna che, teja pratinI phATAsTeTa' krApI mArI pAse che. jemAM prAraMbhanA 1 thI 6 pAnAM nathI. ane vacamAM paNa kAI kAI pAnAM nathI A pAnAM eka sarakhAM mApanAM akSarAthI lakhAyAM nathI. akSarA nAnAM meTAM che, ane enA kAraNe pratipRSThamAM lIMTIonI sakhyAmAM paNa sArA eve eTale 22 thI 16 5kti vaccenA taphAvata jovA maLe che. ethI ja prati pa"ktinA akSarAnAM dhAraNamAM paNa taphAvata rahe te svAbhAvika che. A taphAvata 62 thI para akSara vaccenA che pratine AkAra 25 x 11 se, mITaraneA che. abhivAdana antamAM A take paramapUjya gurudevA, sahAyaka sAdhu-sAdhvIo, mArA sahakAryakarA, saMsthAnA TrasTI-maMtrIo, nAmI anAmI sahAyakA ane dAtArA vagerenuM abhivAdana karU che,

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makAna agenuM vicitra upAdhyAyajInA saMkhyAbabdha granthanI je javAbadArI zire hatI te, mahAprabhAvaka bhagavAnanI pArzvanAtha prabha, upAdhyAyajI mahArAja, bhagavatIzrI padmAvatI devI, zrI sarasvatIjI ane pU. gurudevAnI. satakRpAthI ane nityakarmamAM sahAyaka munirAja zrI vAcaspativijyajIM AdinA sahakArathI, mArAthI azakya laTinuM kArya paNa zakaya banIne have kinAre pahoMcavA AvyuM che, ane lAge che ke teozrInI aprasiddha nAnI moTI tamAma kRtionuM prakAzana 2033 mAM pUrNa thaze ane tyAre varSothI mArA zira para bhAra ATalA pUrata haLavo thatAM parama prasannatA ane eka pharaja adA karyAne zvAsocchavAsa levA bhAgyazALI banIza ! kuttAvilAbita chandanI gatithI thaI rahelA A kArya aMge jaina saMgha, mArA sahakAryakare vagerene huM chaka ThIka aparAdhI banI gayA hatA, paNa have A aparAdhamAMthI mukti meLavavAnA divase najIka AvI rahyA che ema lAge che. te pachI saddabhAgya haze te upAdhyAyajI eka adhyayana (jIvana ane kArya) upara eka navA daSTithI vistArathI lakhavA IcchuM chuM. tema ja upAdhyAyajInI lagabhaga tamAma gujarAtI kRtiovALA gurjara sahitya saMgraha teozrIvI te vakhatanI bhASAmAM chapAvavA temaja punarmudraNa mAgatI kRtio chapAvavA ane anuvAlana karAvavA tarapha lakSya ApavA dhAraNA rAkhI che, te keTalI phaLaze te te jJAnI jANe! . jaina jJAti janam | 1. upAdhyAyajInI lagabhaga nAnI moTI tamAma gujarAtI kRtio A saMgrahanI aMda je Aje anuplabdha che. kAM to je rIte chapAya te rIte mukita thaI zake artha Aje lokamukhe caDhAvavA mATe Aja upayogI bane. paNa bhASAzAstrIo mATe te te vakhatanI bhASAmAM chapAyela saMgraha upayogI bane. A kRtinuM nAmakaraNa te vakhatanA saMjogonI sAme bhale gurjara sAhitya saMgraha." rAkhyuM paNa tethI A kRti jananI che ke jana kRtionI che ene lezamAtra khyAla Ave tema nathI te pachI upAdhyAyajInI kRtine A saMpraDa che e jANavAnI vAta ja kayAM raho ! kana

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upodghAta kAvyazAstra ke Aloka meM - kAvyaprakAza, usakA TIkA-sAhitya evaM prastuta TIkA - eka samIkSAtmaka anucintana kavi aura kAvya 'kavi' zabda vedoM meM aneka bAra prayukta huA hai| vahA~ isa zabda ke prayoga agni, sUrya, soma, medhAvI, anucAna tathA kAntadarzI ke arthoM meM kie gae haiM / yahI zabda 'upaniSad yuga' meM brahma kA bAcaka banA aura kAlAntara meM bhI apanI mUla dhurI ke AsapAsa ghUmanevAle arthoM ko saMvRta karatA huA paryApta prakhyAta bana gyaa| Aja jisa artha meM kavi zabda rUDha hai usakI pUrvabhUmikA bahuta rocaka hai jise hama saMkSepa meM isa prakAra jAna sakate haiM saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke anusAra varNanArthaka 'ka' dhAtu se isakI niSpatti huI hai|' 'ka zabde' aura 'kucha zabde' jaise zabdArthaka ku dhAtu bhI isa zabda kI siddhi ke srota mAne gae haiM aura vyutpatti hotI hai 'kavate (bhvAdi), kauti (pradAdi), kavati (tudAdi) aura 'kavayatIti vA kaviH' isa prakAra vyutpattilabhya artha hai-varNana stuti karanevAlA= kavi / madhu'mantaM tanUnapAjhaM de beSu' naH kave / pradyA kRNuhi dItaye // 1 / 1124 // kavimagnimupastuhi stydhrmaannmdhyre|' - devamamIvacAtana // 1 / 1 / 23 // ityAdi kahate hue agni ko pahale kavi kahA hai jabaki anyatra 'kavikratu'-kavi kI prajJA batalAyA hai|' yahI kavi 'anUcAna, stotA, stutigAyaka, aGgirA, gaveSaka aura bRhaspati' ke rUpa meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai gaNAnAM tvA gaNapati havAmahe kavi kavInAmupazravastamam' / jyeSTharAjaM brahmaNAM brahmaNaspata mAnaH zRNvannatibhiH sIdasAdanam / / 1. 'kavi zabdazca 'kavR varNano (stutau ca)' (ityasya dhAto: kAvyakarmaNo rUpam / -kAvyamImAMsA-33113 2. 'agnirhotA kavikratuH' ityAdi / (R0 12115)

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34 isI prakAra 'aMzuM duhanti stanayantamakSitaM kavi kavayo'paso manISiNaH / 1 tathA- udIraya kavitamaM kavInAmunattamabhi madhvA * zruteva / 2 ityAdi mantroM meM soma aura sUrya ke arthoM meM kavi zabda kA prayoga hamA hai| etareya brAhmaNa meM kavi kA 'pitara'' aura zatapatha meM 'vidvAn' artha abhipreta hai kintu upaniSadoM meM prAya: kavi zabda kA prayoga brahma ke lie hI huA hai / yathA-- sa paryagAcchukamakAyamavaraNamasnAviraM zuddhamapApaviddham / kavirmanISI paribhUH svayambhUryAthAtathyato'rthAna vyavadhAcchAzvatImya: samAbhyaH / / yahI brahma uttarakAla meM prakRti-tattvAnveSI, sAmAjika netA, vicAraka RSi Adi vibhinna staroM ko pAra karatA hA prajApati ke rUpa meM zabdasRSTi kA yatheccha-vidhAtA khlaayaa| apAre kAvyasaMsAre kavireva prajApatiH / yathA'smai rocate vizvaM tattathA parivartate // aise kavi kA karma hI 'kAvya' kahalAtA hai| kavi kabhI apane mAnasa-pratyakSa se aura kabhI jAgatika-pratyakSa se bhAvoM ko jaba zabdadeha pradAna karatA hai to use kAvya kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai| naisagika lAvaNya se yukta gadya-mayI, padyamayI athavA ubhayarUpa saGkalanA kI koI eka ikAI 'kAvya' ke rUpa meM janamAnasa ko Andolita karatI hai, haThAt apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai aura bhAvoM ke sarovara meM nahalA kara eka apUrva Ananda pradAna karatI hai| laukika kAvya kA prArambhika svarUpa kevala 'sUkti' taka hI sImita thA / tatkAlIna samAja goSThiyoM meM kavi ke mukha se kisI anUThI sUkti ko sunane ke lie utkaNThita rahatA thA / gupta samrAT (samudragupta) (320 se 378 I0) ke prayAga ke abhilekha (350 I0) meM kahA gayA hai ki adhyeyaH sUktamArgyaH kavimativibhavotsAraNaM cApi kAvyaM, ko nu syAd yo'sya na syAd guragamati viduSAM dhyAnapAtraM ya ekaH / / isake anusAra--sUktamArga kI jisakI subhASita-racanAe~ paThanIya haiM aura jisakA kAvya bhI acchI saktiyoM ke kAraNa anya kaviyoM ke kalpanA vibhava ko ukhAr3a denevAlA hai' ityAdi kahate hue sUkti ko kAvya kA tattva vyakta kiyA hai| rAjazekhara ne bhI kavi kI vANI-kAvya ko sUktidhenu kahA hai yA dugdhApi na dugdheva kavidogdhabhiranvaham / hRdi naH sannidhattAM sA suktidhenuH sarasvatI // -kAvyamImAMsAM a03 1. Rgveda 8 / 72 / 6 / 2 vahIM 5 / 42 // 3 // 3. e va tena pUrve pretAste vai kavayaH / 6 / 20 / 4. ye vai vidvAMsaste kavayaH 7114 / 4 / 5. IzAvAsyopaniSad, 8 / 6. sAhityadarpaNa, prathama pariccheda-vizvanAtha / 7. kaveH karma smRtaM kAvyam / kAvyakautuka-bhaTTatauta

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- isIlie sAdhaka kavi bhagavatI sarasvatI se thirakatI huI sUktiyoM kI kAmanA karate the' aura sarvatra sUkti, subhA. Sita aura kAvya samAnArthaka banakara prayukta hote the| ye hI sUktigarbha racanAe~ uttarottara vikasita hokara kAvya ke pramukha upAdAna zabda ke zravya-dharma aura artha ke bhAvo dabodhana-dharma ko adhika prazraya detI huIM bhAvanAoM kA uddIpana, anuraJjanA evaM alaGkaraNa ko AtmasAt karane lgii| 'kAvya' kA kalevara evaM usa kalevara kA racanA-vidhAna pariSkRta rUpa lekara prakaTa hone lgaa| isakA eka acchA pariNAma yaha bhI nikalA ki-'prArambha meM kavi kevala upadezaka mAnA jAtA thA, vaha apanI abhivyaJjanA-zailI ke kAraNa sammohana-mantra-pAThaka bana gayA / usakI vANI kA tAtparya jJAta na honepara bhI loga citravat sthita hokara usa kA Ananda lene lage / kavivara jagaddhara ne ThIka hI kahA haizabdArthamAtramapi ye na vidanti te'pi, yAM marchanAmiva mRgAH zravaNaiH pibantaH / saMruddha-sarvakaraNa-prasarA bhavanti, citrasthitA iva kavIndragiraM numastAm // -stuti kusumAJjali 5 / 17 / kAvyazAstra kA udaya aura paramparA 'jaba vastu kA vistAra hotA hai to grAhaka-varga usakI taratamatA kA vicAra karatA hai|' anavarata kAvya sRSTi ne sahRdaya zrotAoM ko tathA pAThakoM ko usake atizaya guNoM ko parakhane ke lie prerita kiyA / phalataH vibhinna tattvajJoM ne kAvya ke mAmika tattva iMDha nikAle / 'dhvanyAtmakatA, layAtmakatA, lAkSaNikatA, sAnuprAsika zabdayojanA, AlaGkArika uktivakratA, svAbhAvikatA, prabhAvotpAdakatA' Adi aneka vicAra kAvya-cintana ke sandarbha meM prastuta hae aura svarUpa mAtahabhatAmaho ! timayI nAdaka-rekhAmayI, sA tvaM prANamayI hutAzanamayI bindu-prtisstthaamyii| 'tena tvAM bhuvanezvarI vijayinI dhyAyAmi jAyAM vimostvatkAruNya-vikAzipuNyamatayaH khelantu me sUktayaH // 5 // __ -bhuvanezvarI stotra 2. kastvaM bhoH ! kavirasmi kA'pyabhinavA sUktiH sakhe ! paThyatAm / -kAvyamImAMsA pR0 33 3. natattva-vaijJAnika kAvya kA udaya Adima mAnava kI tantramantrAtmaka bhASA se mAnate haiM aura prabhAva ko dRSTi se aneka pragativAdI pAlocaka kAvya ko 'Adima bhAvAbhivyaJjana-praNAlI' (Primitive Mode of expression) ghoSita karate haiN| mantra-bhASA kI taraha kAvya-bhASA meM bhI zrotA ko sammohita karane kI apUrva zakti pAI jAtI hai / isa sammohana-prakriyA meM kAvya kI laya, padazayyA, vIpsA, anuprAsa, aprastuta aura bimba mukhya hAtha baTAte haiM, ve zrotA ko kucha kSaNoM ke lie jAgRta avasthA se dUra eka tandrila-svapnila loka meM usI taraha pahu~cA dete haiM jaise koI manovizleSaka kisI rogI ko sammohita kara use kisI atIndriya mAnasaloka meM pahu~cA detA hai| -bhAratIya sAhityazAstra aura kAvyAlaGkAra, pR06 /

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36 parijJAna kI lalaka bar3hatI gii| isI prasaMga meM do bAteM vicAraNIya banIM jo 1- kAvya- zarIra-vijJAna aura 2 kAvya zarIra racanA-vijJAnarUpa haiM / prathama vijJAna kI dRSTi se adhyayana karate hue 'zabdArtha, rIti, guNa, alaGkAra, dhvani, rasa' Adi kA vivecana apekSita huA aura dvitIya vijJAna ke AdhAra para kAvya ke Antarika tattva kAvya-satya kA vicAra upayogI mAnA gayA jisameM zarIra ko sacetana rakhane kI prakriyA kA adhyayana bhI pramukha thA / isa taraha kAvya ke zilpa-vidhAna aura abhivyaJjanA prakAra ko pRthak-pRthak dRSTi se dekhate hue prAcAryoM ne jo vicAra upasthApita kie ve hI 'zAstra' kA rUpa lekara mArgadarzaka bane / aise kAvyazAstrIya siddhAntoM kI vicAraNA vidagdhagoSThiyoM meM prAyaH hotI rahatI thI aura kAvya ke siddhAntoM kA jaba zAstrIya nirUpaNa prauDhatA kI ora agrasara huA to sAhitya - vidyA ko bhI zrAnvIkSikI (AtmavidyA), trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti ke sAtha pA~cavI vidyA' kA sthAna milaa| kavi ke zrama kA mUlyAGkana karane ke lie kucha mAnadaNDa sthApita hue jo kavitva kI kRzatA hone para bhI usake kRtazrama honepara vidagdhagoSThI meM viharaNa kI kSamatA prakaTa karate the / isake atirikta zrutiyoM meM vAraNI ke prayoga tathA arthajJAna- pUrvaka prayoga" ke lie die gae tattva bhI isa dizA meM preraka hue / sambhavataH inhIM kAraNoM ne 'kAvyazAstra' ke nirmANa kI preraNA dI hogI ? mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne bhI kAvya-racanA ke guNa-doSa vivecana kA saMketa karate hue kahA hai ki taM santaH zrotumarhanti sadasadvyaktihetavaH / hemnaH saMlakSyate hyagnI vizuddhiH zyAmikA'pi vA // 1. 'paJcamI sAhityavidyA' iti yAyAvara: / sA hi catasRNAmapi vidyAnAM nisyandaH / 2. zabdAnAM vivinakti gumphanavidhInAmodate sUktibhi:, sAndra leDhi rasAmRtaM vicinute tAtparyamudrAM ca yaH / puNyaH saGghaTate vivektRvirahAdantarmukhaM tAmpati, keSAmeva kadAcideva sudhiyAM kAvyazramajJo janaH // 3. kRze kavitve'pi janAH kRtazramA vidagdhagoSThISu vihartumIzate / 4: satumiva titaMunA punanto' yatra' SIrA' mana'sA' vAca'mapra'ta / ghanA 'sakhA'yaH sa'khyAni jAnate bhadveSAM lakSmInihitAdhivAci // - kAvyamImAMsA pRSTha 10 6. raghuvaMza mahAkAvya, sarga 1 zloka 10 / -bahIM, pR0 34 - kAvyAdarza, 1 / 105 // - Rgveda 8 zraSTa. 2 pra. 23 varga 5. (ka) u'tavaH' pazya' nava'va'zaM vAca'mu'ta svaH zRNvan na zrRMgotyenAm / u'to va'smai' ta'nva~ 1 visa'tra jA'yeva' patya''uza'tI suvAsAH // vahIM // (kha) sthANurayaM puruSaH kilAbhUdadhItya yo vijAnAti nArtham / yo'thaMjJa itsakalaM bhadramanute nAkameti jJAnavidhUtapApmA || - nirukta 1 / 18 |

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isase yaha siddha hai ki pahale lakSya aura bAda meM lakSaNa bne| lAkSaNika sAhitya kI paramparA bhI bahuta prAcIna hai| IsA se 500 varSa pUrva bharata ke 'nATyazAstra' meM na kevala nATakIya vidhAoM ke hI lakSaNa haiM api tu rasa, malaTAra, chanda Adi sabhI kA usameM samAveza hai| uttarakAla ke prAcAryoM ne vivecya viSayoM meM kAvyAGga ke rUpa meM nimna viSayoM ko sthAna diyA hai (1) kAvya svarUpa [kAvya lakSaNa, kAvya bheda, kAvyaprayojana aura kAvyahetu], (2) zabdazakti [abhidhA, lakSaNA, vyaJjanA], (3) dhvani, (4) guNIbhUta vyaGgaya, (5) doSa, (6) guNa, (7) rIti (8) alaGkAra (6) nATyavidhAna, (10) chanda, (11) rasa aura (12) nAyaka-nAyikA-bheda / anya prAcArya sAhityazAstrIya padArthoM kA vibhAga isa prakAra mAnate haiM-(1) kAvya (2) zabda, (3) artha, (4) vRtti, (5) guNa, (6) doSa, (7) alaGkAra, (8) rasa, (6) bhAva, 10) sthAyibhAva, (11) vibhAva, (12) anubhAva aura (13), vyabhicArI bhAva / ' isa prakAra kAvya-zAstra ke varNya-viSaya kahIM 10, kahIM 12 aura kahIM 13 batalAe haiN| parantu rasa kA antarbhAva dhvani meM aura nAyaka-nAyikA bheda kA rasa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra vibhAvAdi kA bhI rasa meM antarbhAva hai| ataH saMkhyA para koI eka nirNaya nahIM lenA hI upayukta hai| uttara kAla ke prAcAryoM ne isI liye kAvyazAstrIya granthoM ke praNayana meM bhinna-bhinna dRSTi apanAI hai / yathA 1-kucha AcAryoM ne nATya-vidhAna ko hI svatantra mahattva diyA hai, 2. kucha ne kevala alaGkAra ko pradhAnatA dI hai, 3-katipaya kAvya-lakSaNa se prArambha kara alaGkArAnta vivecana karate haiM kintu usameM nAyaka-nAyikA-nirUpaNa __ ko sthAna nahIM dete, 4. anya nATyazAstrIya sabhI aMgoM ke sAtha alaGkArAnta vivecana karate haiM / 5-chanda ko sAtha lekara varNana karane vAle prAcArya virala hI haiM jaba ki chanda ke vivecaka prAcArya anya viSayoM ko pUrNata: chor3a gae haiN| 6-kavizikSA aura kAvyamImAMsA jaise granthoM kA viSaya kAvyazAstrIya hote hae bhI uparyukta paddhati se kucha hI bhinna hai tathA ye grantha vividha prakAroM se kavitva prApti aura kAvya tattvoM kI samIkSA karate haiN| 7-kucha prAcArya kevala eka aGga kA hI nirUpaNa karate haiM / 8-katipaya prAcArya kevala TIkA nirmANa dvArA hI apane prAcAryatva ko siddha karane meM saphala hae hai ataH yaha bhI eka virala mArga hI hai| isa pATha prakAroM ke mAdhAra para kAvyazAstroM ke nirmANa kI paramparA ativistRta hotI gaI jisakI saMkSipta tAlikA isa prakAra hai1. nATya vidhAna mUlaka prantha aura granthakAra 1. nATyazAstra-bharatamuni 2. dazarUpaka-dhanaJjaya, 3. nAThyalakSaNa-ratnakoza-sAgaranandI 4. nATyadarpaNa-rAmacandra tathA guNacandra 5. bhAvaprakAzana-zAradAtanaya, 6. rasArNavasudhAkara ziMgabhUpAla / 1. 'sAhityodazaH' padArthoddeza-prathama bhAga pR0 1-2, vidyAmArtaNDa paM0 sItArAma shaastrii| hariyANA zekhAvATI brahmacAryAzrama, bhivAnI

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7. nATakaparibhASA-ziMga (siMha) bhUpAla / 8. nATakacandrikA-rUpagosvAmI 6. nAvyapradopa-sundara mizra / Adi ye racanAe~ IsA pUrva pA~cavI zatI se lekara IsA kI solahavIM zatI taka huI haiM / ina granthoM meM bharata ke nATayazAstra para jina prAcAyoM ne TIkAeM likhI haiM unameM-bhaTTa udbhaTa, bhaTTa lollaTa, zrIzaMkuka, bhaTTa nAyaka aura AcArya abhinava gupta Adi pramukha haiN| Ajakala inameM se abhinava gupta kRta 'abhinava-bhAratI' TIkA hI upalabdha aura sarvatra sammAnita hai| prAcArya vidhezbara tathA pro. bAbUlAla zAstrI ne hindI bhASyoM se bhI ise alaGkRta kiyA hai| 2. kevala alaGkAra-vidhAnamUlaka grantha aura granthakAra 1. kAvyAlaGkAra-sArasaGgraha-udbhaTa 2. alaGkAra sarvasva-ruyyaka 3. alaGkAra-ratnAkara-zobhAkara mizra 4. kuvalayAnanda--appaya dIkSita 5. alaGkAra-dIpikA-pAzAdhara bhaTTa 6. alaGkAra-kaustuma-vizvezvara 7. alaGkAra-suktAvalI-vizvezvara 8. alaGkAra-pradIpa- , evaM anya grantha isa dRSTi se uttarakAla meM likhe gae granthoM meM kucha grantha kevala zabdAlaGkAra athavA usake citra-kAvyamUlaka bhedoM ko vyakta karane kI dRSTi se udAharaNa pradhAna bhI likhe gae haiM aura kucha kevala arthAlaGkAra. athavA unake katipaya bhedoM kI vivecanA ko lakSya meM rakhakara likhe gae haiN| 3.kAvyalakSaNa se alaGkAra paryanta vivecaka grantha aura granthakAra 1. kAvyAlaGkAra-bhAmaha 2. kAvyAdarza-daNDI 3. kAvyAlaGkAra-sUtra-vAmana 4. kAvyAlaGkAra-rudraTa 5. agnipurANa-vedavyAsa 6. viSNudharmottarapurANa-vedavyAsa 7. zrRMgAra-prakAza-bhojarAja 8 sarasvatI-kaNThAmaraNa-bhojarAja' 6. kAvyaprakAza-mammaTa 10. kAvyAnuzAsana-hemacandra 11. vAgbhaTAlaGkAra-vAgbhaTa (prathama) 12. candrAloka-jayadeva 13. alaGkAra-cintAmaNi-ajitasena 14. ekAvalI-vidyAdhara ".pratAparudrayazobhUSaNa-vidyAnAtha 16. sAhityadarpaNa-vizvanAtha 17. zrRMgArArNavacandrikA-vijaya vaNoM 18. alaGkArazekhara--kezava mizra 16. alaGkArakaustubha-karaNapUra 20. kAvyacandrikA-kavicandra 21. rasagaGgAdhara-jagannAtha 22. najarAjayazobhUSaNa-narasiMha / kavi Adi inake atirikta bhI yaha paramparA Age bar3hatI rahI hai| kintu inameM kabhI kisI ne kisI eka viSaya ko adhika to kabhI kisI ne nyUna banAkara vivecana kiyA hai| sAtha hI yatra tatra kucha viSayoM ko ghaTAyA-bar3hAyA bhI gayA hai jinameM nATya-zAstrIya aGga, rasa aura dhvani Adi ke varNana pramukha haiN| 4. kevala rasa-vivecaka grantha aura pranthakAra 1. zRMgAratilaka-rudra bhaTTa 2. rasataraGgiNI-bhAnudatta 3. rasamaJjarI-bhAnudatta 1. bhaktirasAraNava-rUpagosvAmI 5. ujjvalanIlamariNa-rUpagosvAmI 6. rasacandrikA-vizvezvara 1-aise zabdAlaGkAra-paraka tathA citrAlaGkAra-paraka pranthoM kA samIkSAtmaka paricaya hama apane DI.liTa. ke zodha-prabandha 'zabdAlaGkAra-sAhitya kA samIkSAtmaka sarvekSaNa' meM de rahe haiN|

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yaha paddhati adhika vistRta to nahIM huI hai kintu aise rasa-paraka granthoM kA nirmANa laghu-dIrgha rUpa meM (nAyakanAyikA varNanAtmaka) prAja bhI cala rahA hai| 5. katipaya prAcAryoM ne kevala dhvani, kevala vRtti prathavA dhvani-virodha Adi viSayoM ko bhI pramukhatA dete hue kucha grantha likhe haiM, jinameM pramukha ye haiM1. dhvanyAloka-prAnandavardhana, 2. amidhAvRttimAtRkA-mukulabhaTTa, 3. vakroktijIvata-kuntaka, 4. vyaktiviveka-mahimabhaTTa, 5. vRtti-vAtika-appayadIkSita, 6. triveNikA-pAzAdhara, 7. praucityavicAracarcA-kSemendra, 7. zabda-vyApAra-vicAra mammaTa / ina granthakAroM ne anya matoM kA khaNDana karake svamata pratipAdana kiyA hai ataH ye 'sampradAya-pravartaka prAcArya' bhI mAne gaye haiN| sAtha ho inake anuyAyI varga ne matapoSaNa ke liye bhI kucha granthoM kI racanA kI hai| 6. chandaHzAstrIya grantha aura granthakAra 1. piGgala chandaHsUtra-piGgala, 2. chandaHkaustubha tathA vRttacandrodaya-bhAskara rAya, 3. chandoviciti-jAnAzrayI mAdhava zarmA, 4. jayadevacchanda:-jayadeva, 5. chando'nuzAsana - jayakIrti, 6. vRttaratnAkara-kedArabhaTTa 7. suvRttatilaka-kSemendra, 8. zrutabodha- kAlidAsa, 6. chando'nuzAsana-hemacandra, 10. chandomajarI-gaGgAdAsa / prAdi kA-yAGgoM meM atyAvazyaka isa aGga kI pUrti meM aura bhI kaI choTe-bar3e prayAsa hue hai aura ho rahe haiM jinakA paricaya yahA~ denA sambhava nahIM hai| isa sAhitya ke kucha prasiddha TIkAkAra bhI apanegrApa meM apUrva dena dene meM paryApta saphala rahe haiN| 7. kavi aura kAvya-zikSA ke grantha evaM granthakAra 1. kavizikSA-bappabhaTTi, 2. kAvyamImAMsA-rAjazekhara, 3. kavikaNThAbharaNa-kSemendra 4. kavizikSA-jayamaGgalasUri 5. kAvyakalpalatA-amaracandra aura arisiMha 6. kavizikSA-vinayacandra 7. kavikalpalatA-devezvara, 8. kAvyazikSA-gaGgAdAsa 1. kavisamayakallola-anantArya 10. kavikaNThahAra-prajJAtanAmA kavi-zikSA athavA kAvya-zikSA kI dizA meM aise aura bhI kucha grantha likhe gae haiM jo ekAGgI hote hue bhI bahuta mahattva rakhate haiN| samasyApUrti, chandovilAsa evaM anukRtikAvya bhI isI aGga ke pUraka haiN| 8. TokA aura TIkAkAra uparyukta vibhinna zailI ke granthoM para aneka prAcAyoM ne TIkAe~ likhI haiN| TIkAkAra kA dAyitva granthakAra kI apekSA atyanta mahattvapUrNa hotA hai kyoM ki jo bAta mUla meM saMkSepa meM kahI gaI ho athavA saMketa rUpa meM kahI gaI ho use bhI yathAvat samajha kara usake pUrvApara sambandha ko spaSTa karate hue viSayavastu ko vaha prastuta karatA hai| aise kaI mAnya grantha haiM jina para eka se adhika TIkAeM hI nahIM apitu praTIkAe~ bhI banI haiN| una sabakA nAmata: ullekha vistAra bhaya se yahA~ nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai|

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jaina vidvAnoM dvArA praNIta kAvyazAstrIya grantha vaise to kAvyazAstra ke granthoM kI zrRMkhalA meM sabhI prAcAryoM dvArA praNIta granthoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai, usameM kisI sampradAya vizeSa kA svatantra nirdeza apekSita nahIM hotaa| kintu prastuta grantha ke anyatama TIkAkAra zrImadyazovijayajI mahArAja kI kAvyazAstrIya sevA ke sandarbha meM unase sambaddha jaina-vidvAnoM-prAcAryoM kI sevA kA svatantra rUpa se nidarzana yahA~ upayukta pratIta hotA hai| sAtha hI isa prakAra ke nidarzana se eka pUrI paramparA kA citra bhI hamAre samakSa upasthita ho skegaa| isa dRSTi se hama 'jaina vidvAnoM dvArA praNIta kAvyazAstrIya granthoM kA saMkSipta paricaya, prastuta kara aitihAsika paryAlocana bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke janma se pUrva bhI kisI kAvyazAstrIya grantha kA nirmANa svatantra rUpa se huA hogA kintu Aja usakA koI pramANa hameM prApta nahIM hotA hai| adhika se adhika vikrama kI nauMvI zatI ke prArambha se lAkSaNika sAhitya ke grantha kA prArambha huA pratIta hotA hai| sarvaprathama jaina lekhaka bappabhaTri sari haiM / kAvyazAstrIya granthoM kI TIkA kA prArambha vaikramIya bArahavIM zatI kA pUrvakAla hai aura prathama TIkAkAra zrI namisAdhu haiN| isI kAla meM rAmacandra guraNacandra ne 'nATacadapaNa' kI racanA se eka pRthaka mahattvapUrNa kRti prastuta kI hai| prAcArya hemacandra kA kAvyAnuzAsana tathA narendraprabhasUri kA 'alaMkAra-mahodadhi' ye do grantha isa paramparA meM svojJavRttiyoM se samanvita haiM aura kramaza: gadya evaM padyamaya kRtiyoM meM anyApekSA se vizAla haiN| kAvyAGga meM samAviSTa chandaHzAstra kI racanA kA prArambha ina saba se pUrva vikrama kI chaThI zatI meM hI isa paramparA meM ho gayA thaa| sarvaprathama kRti 'chandaHzAstra' hai jo digambara jaina prAcArya 'pUjyapAda' dvArA racita hai| yaha paramparA vikrama kI aThArahavIM zatI taka acchI vikasita huI tathA kaI mahatvapUrNa grantha hamAre samakSa praaye| AgamoM meM bahadhA aise varNana milate haiM jinameM kAvyazAstrIya alaGkAra aura rasa kA svarUpa hameM upalabdha hotA hai| upamA, arthAntaranyAsa, zrRMkhalA-yamaka prAdi se alaGkRta sthala sahaja hI mila jAte haiM kintu TIkAoM meM isakI koI lAkSaNika vivecanA usa kAla meM huI ho, aisA pramANa nahIM milatA hai / jainAcAryoM dvArA kiye gaye kAvyazAstrIya-cintana ke prakAra yaha svAbhAvika hai ki vairAgyapatha ke pathika ko anyAnya zAstroM ke cintana kI koI apekSA hI nahIM rahatI hai| 1-'anuyogadvAra-sUtra' meM "riNadosaM sAramaMta ca, heujuttamalaMkiyaM" ityAdi pATha milatA hai / 2-vikrama kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatI meM jainAcArya zrIsamantabhadra ne apanI racanA 'stutividyA' meM anekavidha citrAladvAroM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jo lakSya ke rUpa meM hai| 3-vaise jaina vidvAnoM ne alaMkAra-granthoM kI racanA pahale prAkRtabhASA meM kI hai| jaisalamera-bhaNDAra kI granthasUcI meM saM0 1161 para prAkRtabhASA meM racita 'malakAra-dAparaNa' kA nAma milatA hai| kintu yaha aba taka prakAzita nahIM huA hai|

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yadi usakI prajJA yadA-kadA visI prakAra ke zAratracintana ke lie use bAdhya bhI karatI hai, to vaha prabhU kI vANIprAgamazAstra ke tattva ko samajhane kA prayAsa karatA hai athavA svAdhyAyopayogI sAhitya kA parizIlana karate hae hI apanI pratibhA kA ucita upayoga kara letA hai| yaha dRSTikoNa bahuta samaya taka jaina sAdhu-samudAya meM vyApta rahA; usameM bhI digambara-sampradAya meM isa dRSTikoNa kA prabhAva kucha adhika kAla taka banA rhaa| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke prAcAryoM ne sArasvata-sAdhanA meM prArambha meM vyAkaraNa aura tadanantara sAhityAdi vibhinna sAhityAGgoM ke adhyayanAdhyApana ke sAtha-sAtha nabIna grantha-nirmANa ke dvAra bhI udghATita kiye| phala yaha hayA ki digambara sampradAya ke prAcAryoM ne sAhitya ke kSetra meM bhI paryApta cintana prArambha kiyA aura aneka abhinava racanAe~ prastuta kii| isa cintana meM racanAoM kI dRSTi se cAra paddhatiyoM kA pAlambana liyA gayA / 1. svatantra grantharacanA, 2. svaracita grantha para svopajJa TIkA-vRtti prAdi kA nirmANa, 3. janetara vidvAnoM dvArA racita pramukha granthoM para TIkAnoM ko racanA tayA 4. jainAcAryoM dvArA racita granthoM para TokAnoM kI rcnaa| ina paddhatiyoM meM eka ora lekhaka kA maulika cintana to hai hI sAtha hI apane dvArA nirdhArita siddhAntoM kI bhI prasthApanA ho gaI hai| sAhitya ke lAkSaNika granthoM meM bharata ke nATyazAstra ke samanantara kAla se ho UhApoha tathA mata-matAntaroM kA samAveza ho gayA thaa| prAcAryoM ne apane-apane matoM kI prasthApanA ke lie eka-dUsare kA khaNDana-maNDana bhI prArambha kara diyA thA aura kAvyAtmavAda, rasabAda, alaGkAra-rIti-vakrokti-paucitya Adi se sambaddha vAdoM kI bhI paramparAeM prastuta karane ke liye grantha likhane prArambha kara diye the aisI sthiti meM jaina vidvAn kaise mauna raha sakatA thA ? yahI kAraNa hai ki uparyukta cAra paddhatiyoM ke grantha jainAcAryoM ne bhI nirmita kiye| ina granthoM kI saMkSipta tAlikA isa prakAra hai jainAcAryoM dvArA racita kAvyazAstra mUlagrantha 46 svopajJaTIkA 13 janetara granthoM kI TIkA 31 anya jainAcAryoM kI TIkAe~ 23 1. kavizikSA 5 2. alaMkAra 21 3. nATyazAstra 1 . 4. chanda 16 kalpalatA 3 alaMkAra 7 nATyazAstra 1 chanda-2 1. kAvyAdarza-1 2. kAvyAlaGkAra-2 3. kAvyaprakAza-7 4. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa-1 5. candrAloka-1 6. vidagdhamukhamaNDana-7 7. zrutabodha 6 8. vRttaratnAkara 6 1. vAgbhaTAlaMkAra 12 2. kAvyAnuzAsana 1 3. kAvyakalpalatA 1 4. alaGkAracintAmaNi 1 5. jayadevacchadas 2 6. chandonuzAsana (haima) 2 7. chandaHzAstra 1 8. chando'nuzAsana 2 6. chandaHkoSa 1

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42 cAra viSayoM para jainAcAryoM ne kArya kiyA hai| TIkAe~ 31 tathA jainAcAryoM ke granthoM kI TIkAe~ prAcAryoM ne bhI kucha sAhityazAstra para likhA hai' paricaya isa prakAra hai isa tAlikA ke anusAra yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki mUlataH kavizikSA, alaGkAra, nATyazAstra aura chanda ina inameM mUla granthoM kI saMkhyA 45, svopajJa TIkAeM 13 jenetara granthoM kI 23 haiM jo kula milA kara 112 kI saMkhyA taka pahu~catI hai| Adhunika aura yaha krama cala hI rahA hai / ina granthoM aura granthakAroM kA kramika [1 - kavizikSA prantha aura pratyakAra ] 1. kavizikSA jaina sampradAya ke prAcAyoM kI kAvyazAstrIya kRtiyoM meM yaha sarvaprathama kRti zrImayamaTTi sUri dvArA I0 sa0 763 ke nikaTa racita hai| isakA sUcana vinayacandra sUri kRta 'kavizikSA' se prApta hotA hai / vahA~ prArambha meM kahA gayA hai ki - " bappabhaTTi guru kI vANI meM vividha zAstroM ko dekhakara maiM 'kavizikSA' kahU~gA / " isI AdhAra para anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki 'vappabhaTTi' ne 'yaha grantha likhA hogaa| inakI grantha racanAoM meM tArAgaNa mahAkAvya' aura 'caturviMzatikA' bhI smaraNIya haiM kintu aba 'catuvizatikA' ke atirikta anya koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hai| 2. kacizikSA zrIjayamaGgala mUri kI yaha kRti 1943 I. ke lagabhaga nirmita hai| isameM 300 zloka pramANa meM tatkAlIna nRpati siddharAja jayasiMha kI stuti meM nirmita paryooM ke dRSTAnta dete hue kavizikSA kI carcA kI gaI hai| pro. piTarsana ne isa kRti ke prArambha aura anta ke kucha padyoM kA uddharaNa apanI riporTa pR0 (78.60) meM diyA hai / yaha kRti tADapatrIya pANDulipi ke rUpa meM sambhAta (gujarAta) sthita zAntinAtha bhaNDAra' meM surakSita hai| 3. kAvyakalpalatA - vAyaDa gacchIya jinadatta sUri ke ziSya 'amaracandra sUri' aura 'arisiMha' ina donoM kI yaha kRti hai| isakA racanAkAla 1227 I. mAnA jAtA hai| cAra pradAnoM meM vibhakta prAyaH 452 payoM kI isa kRti ke pahale chandaH siddhi pratAna meM 5 stabaka haiM, jinameM 1 - anuSTup zAsana, 2- chando'bhyAsa, 3- sAmAnya zabdaka, 4- vAda tathA 5-sthiti-viSayoM para vistAra se vivecana huA hai| dvitIya pratAna meM cAra stabaka hai jinameM zabdoM kI vyutpatti, anuprAsa sambandhI zabdasaGa graha tathA anya Avazyaka vAkyoM kA saMgraha diyA haiM ataH isakA nAma 'zabdasiddhi' pratAna rakhanA ucita hI hai| tRtIya zleSa siddhi' pradAna meM zabdoM ke bhinna-bhinna parva, liSTa zabda saMgraha tathA citrakAvyAdi ko 5 stabakoM meM vyakta kiyA hai| cauthe 'prasiddhi' pratAna meM kisa vastu kA kisa vastu ke sAtha sAmya dikhalAnA cAhiye. isase sambandhita viSaya ko sAta stabakoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| isa grantha para huI TIkAoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai (1) kavizikSA (vRtti) - yaha 3357 zloka pramANa svopajJavRtti hai| isameM mUlagrantha ke viSayoM ko spaSTa karane kI dRSTi se donoM zrAcAryoM ne paryApta vistAra kiyA hai| isI meM granthakAroM kI kramazaH 'kAvyakalpalatA - parimala, kAvyakalpalatA-maJjarI, laGkAra prabodha tathA chandoratnAvalI' nAmaka anya cAra racanAoM kA ullekha bhI hai| (2) kAvyakalpalatA - parimala - yaha 1122 zloka pramANa dvitIya svopajJa vRtti hai / DaoN0 De0 ne ise mUlagrantha kA saMkSipta rUpa athavA pUraka grantha bhI kahA hai (saM. kA. zA. kA iti pR. 242 prathama bhAga ) / 1. AcArya dharmapuruSarasUri viracita sAhitya-zikSA maJjarI' bhAga 1-2 kA isameM samAveza kiyA jA sakatA hai|

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(3) kAvyakalpalatA-maJjarI- yaha bhI tRtIya svopajJa vRtti hai kintu aba taka yaha anupalabdha hI hai| isake 'maJjarI' nAma se yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha 'parimala' se pUrva nirmita huI hogii| (4) makaranda-yaha vRtti 'akabara zAhi' ke rAjya kAla meM hue tapAgaccha ke zrIhIravijayasUri ke ziSya zubhavijaya gariNa ne I0 sa0 1608 meM banAI hai| isakA prAkAra 3166 zloka-pramANa ullikhita hai| ye salIma athavA jahAMgIra ke samaya meM hue haiN| (5) vRtti-3250 zloka pramANavAlI isa vRtti kA sUcana 'jinaratnakoza' (khaNDa 1, pRSTha 85) meM zrIyazovijaya gariNa dvArA racita vRtti ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| ye yazovijayajI nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya, kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAra hI haiM athavA koI anya ? yaha nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| (6) pallava-yaha vRtti vibudhamandira gaNi dvArA nirmita hai| sAtha hI isakI do TIkAe~ 1. 'kalpalatAviveka' tathA 2. 'kalpa pallavazeSa' nAma se upalabdha hotI haiN| isakI pANDulipi kA lekhanakAla I0 sa0 1148 hai tathA isakA prArambha nimnalikhita padya se hotA hai "yat pallavena vivRta durbodhi (gha) mandabuddhizcApi / kriyate kalpalatAyAM tasya viveko'yamatisugamaH / / isameM mUla ke pratIka dete hue kalpalatA ko vibudhamandira, pallava ko isa mandira kA kalaza tathA zeSa ko isakA dhvaja kahA gayA hai| kavizikSA nAmaka vRtti sahita 'kAvyakalpalatA' kA prakAzana vArANasI sthita 'caukhambA saMskRta pustakAlaya' se san 1860 tathA usake pazcAt huyA hai| zrI jagannAtha hoziMga ne isakA sampAdana kiyA hai| gAyakavADa sarakAra (bar3audA) kI ora se isakA marAThI anuvAda bhI prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| rAmazAstrI vArANasI tathA vAmanazAstrI, bambaI ne bhI ise prakAzita kiyA hai| 4. kavizikSA-zrIvinayacandra sUri kI yaha kRti I. sa. 1228 ke nikaTa kI hai| inhoMne pArzvanAthacaritra' Adi bIsa prabandhoM kI racanA bhI kI hai| kucha vidvAn I. sa. 1226 meM 'mallinAma-caritra' kI racanA karane vAle tathA udayasiMha racita 'dharmavidhivRtti' ke saMzodhaka vinayacandra ko hI isa kavizikSA ke praNetA mAnate haiN| yaha kabizikSA 'vinaya' aMka se aMkita hai| isake prArambha meM bappabhaTTi mUri kI kavizikSA ko isake praNayana meM hetubhUta mAnA gayA hai tathA isameM tatkAlIna caurAsI deza saurASTra, lATa Adi kA kucha paricaya bhI diyA hai jisakA ullekha 'jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa' grantha meM milatA hai| zrI lAlacandra bhagavAna gA~dhI kA kathana hai ki yaha 'kavizikSA' raviprabha gaNIzvara ke zikSAzataka' kA zikSaNa dene vAlI hai|' 5. kavikalpalatA-mAlava-nareza ke amAtya vAgbhaTa ke putra devezvara' kI yaha caudahavIM zatI ke madhyabhAga kI 1. 'pattanasyA prAcyajana bhANDAgArIya granthasUcI" bhAga 1, prastAvanA pa0 48 meM isakA nAma devasena diyA hai tathA zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI ke0 saM0 vi0 dillI meM prApta pANDulipi (saM0 1864 meM likhita) meM devendra nAma diyA hamA hai| 'bibliyothikA iNDikA' saMskaraNa meM inake 'candrakalApa grantha kA bhI ullekha hai|

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racanA hai / yaha granya amaracandra kI 'kAvyakalpalatA' ko hI Adarza mAnAra anukRti ke rUpa meM likhA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isameM aneka niyama, lakSaNa aura udAharaNa kAvyakalpalatA se yathAvad gRhIta haiN| isameM-(1) chandobhyAsa, (2) sAmAnya zabda, (3) varNyasthiti aura, (4) anuprAsa siddhi (?) nAmaka cAra kusumoM meM kramaza: 34, 78, 56 aura 38 padyoM se prathama stabaka pUrNa kiyA hai| dvitIya stabaka (1) uddiSTa varNana (2) varNa-varNana, (3) ?, (4) saMkhyA nAma evaM (5) mizra aise pA~ca kusumoM meM kramaza: 4 padya evaM gadya, 18 padya evaM gadya, 27 padya evaM gadya 27 tathA 18 padyoM dvArA pUrNa kiyA hai / tRtIya stabaka (1) rAjadarzana, (2) gaMgAstuti, (3) bhagavadIraNa, (4) brAhmaNa-sambhASaNa, (5) taDAgAdi varNana aura (6) vAditarjana nAmaka chaha kusumoM meM pUrNa humA hai| ina kusumoM meM prAyaH gadya kA hI prayoga huA hai aura isa pUre stabaka kA 'kathAstabaka' nAma bhI diyA hai| cauthA stabaka (1) arthotpAdana, (2) adbhuta, (3) citra, (5) rUpakAdika, (5) [2] (6)samasyApUraNopAya aura (7)samasyA nAmaka sAta kusumoM se pUrNa huA hai| vibhinna udAharaNoM kA inameM prakIrNa rUpa se sakalana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI 5 TIkAe~ nimnalikhita haiM (1) svopajJaTokA--yaha svayaM devezvara ne likhI haiN| (2) TIkA--zrIbecArAma sArvabhauma / (hindU kAmeMTeTara' khaNDa-3 meM banArasa se prakA0) (3) TIkA-zrIrAmagopAla kaviratna / (4) bAlabodhikA-zrIsUryakavi (16vIM zatI kA pUrvArdha) rAmakRSNavilomakAvya ke kartA (5) viveka-(ajJAtakartRka) kalakattA saMskRta kAleja (scc) kaiTalAga vii, 8. inake atirikta mahAdeva kI 'padArtha dyotanikA' tathA zaraccandra zAstrI Adi ko aura bhI kucha TIkAe~ isa para nirmita haiM / isakA prakAzana lAlabhAI dalapana bhAI saMskRta vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda se huaA hai / isa prakAra uparyukta kavizikSAyoM ke paryAyalocana se hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki 'kAvya-mImAMsA' ke kSetra meM rAjazekhara kI 'kAvyamImAMsA' se lagabhaga 205 varSa pUrva hI jainAcArya bappabhaTTi sUri ne isa viSaya kA sUtrapAta kara diyA thA aura unakI 'kavizikSA' usa samaya unake liye preraNA-prada rahI hogI jo ki Aja anupalabdha hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI nizcita hai ki isa dizA meM jainAcAryoM ke prayAsa hI adhika rahe haiM kyoMki anya prAcAryoM meM ruyyaka kI 'sAhityamImAMsA, kSemendra kA kavikaNThAbharaNa, anantArya kA kavisamayakallola aura kisI ajJAta lekhaka kA kavikaNThahAra' Adi isa taraha ke grantha kucha hI bane haiN| [2-alaGkAra-grantha aura granthakAra ] 1-vAgmaTAlaGkAra-mahArAjA siddharAja ke samakAlIna evaM unake dvArA sammAnita vidvAn vAgmaTa san 1933 I. ke lagabhaga (prAkRta nAma bAhaDa) prathama kI yaha kRti hai| vAgbhaTa ke pitA kA nAma soma thA aura ye siddharAja ke mahAmantrI the / isa grantha ke pAMca paricchedoM meM prAya: 260 padya haiN| pratyeka pariccheda kA antima padya bhinna chanda meM hai javaki anyatra anuSTup kA hI prayoga huA hai / tIsare pariccheda meM projoguNa kA varNana gadya meM kiyA gayA hai| vebara kI valina pANDulipi saMkhyA 1718 meM eka chaThA adhyAya bhI hai jisa meM yamaka alakAra kA vivecana hai|

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viSaya kI dRSTi se prathama pariccheda meM kramaza: kAvyazikSaNa, kAvyaracanA hetu, kAvya-nirmANopayogI prasaMga tathA kaviyoM ke pAlana yogya niyama diye haiN| dvitIya pariccheda meM kAvya-nirmANa ke liye upayogI-'saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza aura bhUtabhAvA'-cAra bhASAe~, kAvya ke gadya-padyarUpa bheda tathA pada, vAkya evaM arthagata doSoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| tIsare pariccheda meM dasa guNoM kI vyAkhyA aura unakA vivaraNa hai jabaki cauthe pariccheda meM zabdAlaMkAra ke citra, vakrokti, anuprAsa aura yamaka aise cAra bheda arthAlaGkAra ke 35 bheda tathA vaidarbhI aura gauDI rIti kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / pAMcaveM pariccheda meM zrRMgArAdi nau rasa aura nAyaka-nAyikAbhedoM kI carcA karate hae kucha anya Avazyaka viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / grantha meM udAharaNoM kI yojanA prAyaH svayaM lekhaka ne kI hai / isameM 'neminirvANa-mahAkAvya' (vAgbhaTa kRta) se yamaka ke udAharaNa bhI saMgRhIta haiN| yaha grantha jana sampradAya kA prathama pralaGkAra-grantha hone ke kAraNa jaina aura ajaina vidvAnoM meM paryApta pAhata huA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki isa para kaI TIkAe~ likhI gaI haiN| inameM jaina TIkAeM isa prakAra haiM (1) vyAkhyA-somasundara santAnIya zrIsiMhadeva gaNi racita 1331 zloka prmaann| yaha mUla grantha ke sAtha 'kAvya mAlA' grantha saMkhyA 48 meM san 1903 meM prakAzita huI thii| tadanantara anya prAvRttiyAM bhI vibhinna prakAzako ne kI haiN| -tapAgacchIya vizAlarAja ke ziSya somodayagariNa ne 1164 zloka pramANa yaha TIkA likhI hai| (3) TIkA-kharataragacchIya jinaprabhasUri santAnIya jinatilaka sUri ke ziSya upAdhyAya rAjahaMsa kI yaha racanA hai / isakI eka pANDulipi san 1426 I. meM likhI huI hai / (4) TIkA-jinarAjasUri ke ziSya jinavardhana sUri (1405-1416) ne isakA nirmANa kiyA hai| isakI eka pANDulipi san 1553 kI likhI huI prApta hotI hai / yaha 'granthamAlA' 3 meM san 1886-60 meM prakAzita huI thii| (5) vRtti--varatara gacchIya zrIratnadhIra ke ziSya vAcanAcArya zrI jJAnapramoda gariNa ne isa vRtti kI racanA 2956 zloka pramANa meM san 1626 meM likhI hai / isakA nAma 'jJAnapramodikA' hai| (6) TokA-isake racayitA sakalacandra ke ziSya zrIsamayasundara gaNi haiN| yaha 1650 zloka pramANa hai aura isakA nirmANa san 1635 meM ahamadAbAda meM harirAma ke liye kiyA gayA thaa| (7) TIkA-isake kartA kSemahaMsagaNi haiM / yaha TIkA 'samAsAzraya-TippaNa' nAmaka hai / (8) TokA-isake kartA kumudacandra haiM / () TokA- isake kartA ke rUpa meM vardhamAna sUri kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai kintu yaha zaGkAspada hai| (10) TIkA-isake kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai| sambhavata: yaha 'pravacUri' hai| (11) TippaNI-yaha TippaNI kannaDa-lipi meM likhita prApta hotI hai| 'kannaDa prAntIya tADapatrIya grantha sUcI' pR0 167 meM isake lekhaka kA nAma bAlacandra diyA hai / ye digambara jaina haiM / - (12) gujarAtI bAlAvabodha--'saTThisayapagaraNa' ke kartA jaina gRhastha mAravAr3I zrInemicandra bhaNDArI ne isakI racanA kI hai| (13) gujarAtI bAlAvaboSa-kharatara gaccha ke merusundara ne san 1478 meM isakI racanA kI hai| isake

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46 prArambha meM 5 aura anta meM 2 padya saMskRta meM haiN| yatra-tatra saskRta meM vivaraNa bhI diyA hai| alaMkAra zAstra ke granthoM para gujarAtI bAlAvabodha bahuta kama prApta hote haiM ata: inakA mahattva adhika hai| . inake atirikta janetara vidvAnoM meM kRSNa zarmA aura zrI gaNeza-grAdi ne bhI isa grantha para TIkAe~ likhI haiN| 2-kAvyAnuzAsana-isake praNetA kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacandrasUri haiN| ye 'pUrNatalla' gaccha ke prabhAvazAlI prAcArya the| inakA janma san 1088 I0 meM huA thaa| ye vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, nyAya, tattvajJAna, yoga aura anyAnya vividha viSayoM ke pAradarzI vidvAn the ataH ina sabhI viSayoM para prabhAvazAlI granthoM kI racanAe~ kI hai| prastuta grantha sana 1142 I0 kI racanA hai| yaha pATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai tathA isameM kramaza: 25, 56, 10, 6, 6, 31, 52 tathA 13 sUtra haiM jo milakara 288 hote haiN| prathama adhyAya meM 'kAvya ke prayojana, hetu, lakSaNa, zabdArthasvarUpa tathA mukhya, gauNa, lakSya evaM vyaGagya aise cAra prakAra ke arthoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM rasa, sthAyI, vyabhicArI aura sAttvika rate hue antima cAra sUtroM meM kAvya ke utamAdi tIna prakAroM kA vicAra hai| tIsare adhyAya meM zabda, artha, vAkya tathA rasa ke doSoM kA vivecana hai| cauthe adhyAya meM guNoM kI carcA hai / pA~cave adhyAya meM anuprAsa, yamaka, citra, zleSa, vakrokti aura punaruktAbhAsa ina chaha zabdAlaMkAroM kA varmana hai / chaThe adhyAya meM 'saMkara' sahita 1 arthAlaGkAroM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| sAtavAM adhyAya nAyaka, nAyikA ke bheda tathA pratinAyaka ke svarUpa kA vicAraka hai| prAThavAM adhyAya kAvya ke dRzya aura zravya aise do prakAra samajhAkara inake upaprakAroM ke vivecana se pUrNa hayA hai / isa grantha para nimnalikhita TIkAe~ prApta hotI haiM (1) svopajJa TIkA-isa grantha para 'pralaGkAra-cUDAmariNa' nAmaka TIkA svayaM granthakAra ne likhI hai jo 2800 zloka pramANa hai| yaha sarala hai aura isameM vivAdagrasta viSayoM para vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai jaba ki viSaya kI puSTi ke lie 67 pramANa aura 740 udAharaNa die gae haiM jo zRGgAra-tilaka tila kamaJjarI, dazarUpaka, nATyazAstra tathA usakI abhinavaguptakRta TIkA se lie gae haiN| (2) svopajJa-viveka-'kAvyAnuzAsana' tathA 'alaGkAra-cUDAmaNi' donoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara kAvyazAstrIya sakSmacintana kI dRSTi se prAcAryazrI ne isa vRtti kI racanA kI hai| isameM aneka viSayoM kI vicAraNIya bAtoM para bacAra hapA hai tathA 201 pramANa eva 624 udAharaNoM kA samAveza isakI mahattA meM abhivRddhi karate haiN| chando'nuzAsana, bhagavadgItA, nATyazAstra, kAvyamImAMsA Adi aneka grantho ke uddharaNa isakI vivecanA-gata viziSTatA ko spaSTa karate haiN| (3) vRtti-kAvyAnuzAsana kI 'alaGkAra-cUDAmaNi' TIkA ko lakSya meM rakhakara nyAyAcArya zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja ne bhI eka vRtti kI racanA kI thii| isakA pramANa unhIM ke eka graMtha 'pratimAzataka' kI svopajJa TIkA meM 'prapaJcitaM caitadalaGkAracUDAmariNavRttAvasmAbhiH' ityAdi vAkya se milatA hai / kintu aba yaha aprApya hai| yaha grantha uparyukta donoM TIkAoM se yukta nirNayasAgara presa-bambaI se 'kAvyamAlA' (70) meM san 1901 meM tathA usake bAda mUla, TIkA aura vRtti ke atirikta tADapatra para likhita prajJAtakartRka TippaNI evaM prAkRta padyoM kI saMskRta chAyA ke sAtha 6 anukramaNikA aura DaoN. mAnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva jI kI pUrvavacanikA sahita prathama khaNDa tathA zrI rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha ke aMgrejI upodghAta evaM pro0 rAmacandra pAThavale ke aMgrejI TippaNa sahita dvitIya

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47 khaNDa ke rUpa meM 'mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya bambaI' se san 1948 meM prakAzita huyA hai| isa rapa zrIlAvaNyasUri jI ne bhI eka TIkA likhI thii| isa grantha para DaoN0 chaganalAla zAstrI tathA eka anya vidvAn ne zodhakArya karake pI-eca0 DI0 upAdhi ke zodhaprabandha bhI prastuta kie haiN| malaGkAra-prabodha- 'padmAnanda-mahAkAvya prAdi kRtiyoM ke nirmAtA zrIamaracandrasUri (san 1223 ke lagabhaga) kI isa racanA kA ullekha 'kAsyakalpalatA-vRtti' meM kiyA gayA hai| jaisA ki kRti kA nAma hai. usake anusAra isameM alaGkAroM kA vivecana hogA aisA lagatA hai / yaha pustaka anupalabdha hai| 4. alaGkAramahodadhi-zrInaracandra sUri ke ziSya zrInarendraprabha sUri ne isa grantha kI racanA san 1223 I0 ke AsapAsa kI hai| ye mantrIzvara vastUpAla ke samakAlIna the aura unhIM kI abhyarthanA se prastuta grantha kI racanA kI thii| 'viveka-kalikA' aura 'viveka-pAdapa' nAma se do sUktisaMgraha, kAkUstha-keli-nATaka, vastupAla-prazasti-do tathA 'giranAra ke vastupAlasambandhI prazastiHlekhoM meM se eka lekha' kA nirmANa inakI kRtiyoM meM pramukha haiN| yaha grantha pATha taraMgoM meM vibhakta hai tathA sabhI taraMgoM meM diye gaye padyoM kI saMkhyA tIna sau cAra hai| ina taraMgoM meM kramazaH 1. kAvyaprayojana evaM kAvyabheda, 2. zabdavaicitrya, 3. dhvani, 4. guNIbhUtavyaMgya, 5. doSa, 6. guNa, 17. zabdAlaGkAra aura 8. arthAlaGkAroM kA nirUpaNa hai / (1) svopajJavRtti-granthakartA ne grantharacanA ke 2 varSa bAra 4500 zloka pramANa isa vRtti kA nirmANa kiyA hai| isameM prAcIna kaviyoM kI kRtiyoM se udAharaNa ke rUpa meM 682 padya uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| yaha grantha- 'alaGkAra-tilaka' nAmaka svopajJa vRtti ke sAtha 'kAvyamAlA' (43) meM chapA hai| tadanantara 'gAyakavAr3a' paurvAtya granthamAlA-bar3odA se paM. zrIlAlacandra bhagavAn gA~dhI ke sampAdana meM chapA hai| isameM pariziSTAdi bhI saGkalita haiN|' 5. kAvyAnuzAsana-isa nAma ko yaha dvitIya kRti hai ; san 1262 I0 ke nikaTa vAgbhaTa dvitIya ne isakA . nirmANa kiyA hai| inake pitA kA nAma nemikumAra thaa| kAvyAnuzAsana (pR0 31) meM inhoMne vAgbhaTa prathama kA nAmollekha kiyA hai ataH ye vAgbhaTa dvitIya haiM yaha nirvivAda hai / 2 1. isa grantha ke 'hindI anuvAda sampAdana evaM samIkSA' ko apane zodha kA viSaya banAkara DaoN0 AzA devAliyA vAcaspati (Di.liTa0) upAdhi ke liye ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka (DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI) ke nirdezana meM zodhakArya kara rahI hai| 2. prAcArya vizvezvara siddhAnta ziromaNi ne kAvya-prakAza (hindI anuvAda sahita) kI bhUmikA (pR080) meM vAgbhaTa kI carcA karate hue inheM vAgbhaTAlaGkAra aura kAvyAnuzAsava kA eka hI kartA mAnA hai| sAtha hI unakA kathana hai ki ye anahilapaTTana ke rAjA jayasiMha ke mahAmAtya the| inakI racanAoM meM-1-vAgbhaTAlaGkAra, 2-kAvyAnuzAsana, 3-neminirvANamahAkAvya, 4-RSabhadevacarita, 5-chando'nuzAsana aura prAyurveda ke prasiddha grantha 6-aSTAGgahRdaya' kI gaNanA bhI kI hai| kintu jaina vidvAn 'aSTAGga-hRdaya' ke racayitA vAgbhaTa ko ina donoM se bhinna hI mAnate haiM - draSTavya-"jaina saMskRta sAhityano itihAsa" bhAga-1 pR0 155 tathA 174 /

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48 yaha grantha pAMca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama adhyAya meM-kAvya sambandhI viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai jinameM 'prayojana, hetu, kavisamaya, lakSaNa, gadya-padyAdi bheda, mahAkAvya, AkhyAyikA, kathA, campU aura mizrakAvyoM ke lakSaNa tathA dasa rUpaka, geya prAdi kA vivecana hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM padagata aura vAkyagata doSa evaM dasa guNoM kI carcA hai| tIsare adhyAya meM tirasaTha arthAlaMkAroM kA nirUpaNa hai jinameM 'anya, apara, AziSa, ubhayanyAsa, pihita, pUrva, bhAva, mata aura leza' nAmaka alaMkAra bhI haiM jo anyatra pracita haiN| cauthA adhyAya zabdAlaMkAroM kA nirUpaka hai| isameM citra, ileSa anuprAsa, vakrokti, yamaka aura punaruktavadAbhAsa ke prakAra evaM upaprakAroM kA vivecana hai / pA~caveM adhyAya meM rasa, vibhAva anubhAva aura vyabhicArIbhAva, nAyaka-nAyikA-prakAra, kAma kI dasa dazAeM tathA rasa-doSoM kI carcA hai| mukhyata yaha sUtrAtmaka zailI meM nirmita hai| 1. svopajJavRtti-granthakAra ne apane prAzaya ko vyavasthita rUpa se samajhAne ke liye svayaM vRtti kI racanA bhI kI hai tathA usameM kAvyaprakAza, kAvyamImAMsA, vAgbhaTAlaMkAra, neminirvANa kAvyAdi aneka granthoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| 6. alaGkArasAra-yaha kRti 'alaGkArasaGgraha' aura 'kAvyAlaGkArasAra-saGkalanA' nAma se bhI pahacAnI jAtI hai / san 1355 I. ke nikaTa isakI racanA 'khaNDila' gaccha ke prAcArya bhAvadeva sUri ne kI hai| isameM pATha adhyAya haiM jinameM kramazaH 5, 15, 24, 25, 46, 5 tathA 8 padya haiN| isa prakAra kUla 133 padyoM kI yaha laghu kRti kAvya ke sabhI . aGgoM para prakAza DAlatI hai| isake pahale adhyAya meM -kAvya kA phala aura kAvya kA svarUpa' vivecita hai| dUsarA adhyAya-zabda aura artha ke svarUpa' kA nirUpaka hai| tIsare adhyAya meM-zabdagata aura arthagata doSa batalAye haiN| cauthe meM guNoM para prakAza DAlA hai| pAMcaveM meM zabdAlaMkAra aura chaThe meM arthAlaGkAroM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| sAtaveM meM rIti aura pATha meM bhAva-vibhAva aura anubhAvoM kA svarUpa prAlikhita hai| ina viSayoM ke AdhAra para hI adhyAyoM ke nAmoM kI bhI yojanA kI gaI hai| isakI pratyeka puSpikA meM kartA ne svayaM ko 'kAlakAcArya-santAnIya' kahA hai tathA anta meM 'prAcArya bhAvadeva' ke nAma se apanA paricaya diyA hai| prAcArya bhAvadeva ne pArzvanAtha-caritra' (saMskRta) jaidiNacariyA' tathA 'kAlakakahA' (prAkRta) kI bhI racanAeM kI haiN| 'alaGkAra-sAra' kA prakAzana 'gAyakavAr3a oriyaNTala sIrija bar3audA' se prakAzita 'alaGkAra-mahodadhi' grantha ke parizipTa meM huA hai|' alaGkAra-maNDana-maNDanAnta ATha kRti, 'kavi-kalpadrama-skandha' aura 'candravijaya' ke racayitA ke rUpa meM prasiddha gRhastha mantrI maNDana kI yaha kRti 1428 I0 ke lagabhaga nirmita hai| yaha pA~ca paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| isameM kAvya ke lakSaNa, prakAra, rIti, doSa, guNa, rasa aura alaGkAroM kA vimarza diyA hai| inakI anya racanAeM 1. upasargamaNDana (vyAkaraNa), 2. kAdambarI-maNDana 3. kAvya-maNDana, 4. campU-maNDana, 5. zRGgAra-maNDana, 6. saGgIta-maNDana aura 7. sArasvata-maNDana' haiM / mahezvara nAmaka kavi ne apanI kAmya-manohara nAmaka kRti meM mantrI maNDana ke caritra kA grathana kiyA hai| prastuta 'alaMkAra-maNDana' aura kucha anya kRtiyA~ 'hemacandrAcArya samA'-pATaNa (gujarAta) se 1975 I. meM chapa cukI haiM / inakI pANDulipiyA~ bhI vahIM ke bhaNDAra meM surakSita haiN| 1. isa grantha kA hindI anuvAda sahita sampAdana svatantra rUpa se ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ne kiyA hai, jI prakAzanAdhIna hai|

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8. alaGkAra-cintAmariNa- isa grantha ke praNetA di0 AcArya ajitasena (I. san 1250-60 ke nikaTa) haiN| yaha pAMca paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai / isameM kAvyazAstra ke vibhinna viSayoM kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana huA hai| viSayavastu evaM racanA-prakriyA kI dRSTi se 'alaGkAra-cintAmaNi' kA prathama pariccheda eka sau chaha padyoM meM 'kavi-zikSA' sambandhI viSayoM ko samyaka prakAra se vivecita karatA hai| yahIM paJcama padya meM atrodAharaNaM pUrvapurANAdi-subhASitam / puNyapUruSa-saMstotraparaM stotramidaM tataH // yaha kahakara pUre grantha ko stotra siddha kiyA hai| kAvyalakSaNa, kavi kI yogyatA, kAvya-hetu, mahAkAvya ke varNyaviSaya, kavisamaya, kAvyabheda-nirUpaNa prAdi isake pradhAna viSaya haiN| dvitIya pariccheda meM zabdAlaMkAroM ke cAra bhedoM kA nirUpaNa eka sau navAsI padyoM meM huA hai| yahIM citrAlaMkAroM ke 42 bheda batalAye haiM / tRtIya pariccheda vakrokti, anuprAsa aura yamaka ke bheda-prabhedoM se sampanna hai| 41 padyoM meM yahA~ yamaka ke 11 bheda aura anya upabhedoM kA sodAharaNa vivecana spaharaNIya hai| caturtha pariccheda arthAlaMkAroM kA nirUpaka hai| yahAM 345 padyoM meM prAyaH 72 arthAlaMkAroM kA nirUpaNa karate hue prAcArya ajitasena ne sAdharmya aura sAdRzya ke atirikta alaMkAroM ke vargIkaraNa ke liye-1. adhyavasAya 2-virodha-mUlakatva 3-vAkyanyAya-mUlakatva 4-loka-vyavahAra-mUlakatva 5-tarkanyAya-mUlakatva 6-zRMkhalAvaicitrya, 7-apahnava-mUlakatva tathA 8-vizeSaNa-vaicitryahetukatva ko bhI AdhAra mAnA hai| sAtha hI 1-alaMkAra ke lakSaNoM meM vicchedaka padoM kA prayoga evaM padoM kI sArthakatA 2-alaMkAroM ke pArasparika antara kA vizleSaNa, 3-upamA ke bheda-prabhedoM kA nayI dRSTi se vicAra-vinimaya tathA 4-svamata kI puSTi ke liye anya alaMkArazAstriyoM ke vacanoM kA prastutIkaraNa jaisI vizeSatAoM se isa pariccheda kA mahattva bhI nikhara AyA hai| paJcama pariccheda meM 'rasa, nIti, zabdazaktiyA~, vRttiyA~ guNa, doSa evaM nAyaka-nAyikA ke bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa pariccheda meM 406 padya haiN| yahA~ nATaka aura dhvani sambandhI vicAroM ko chor3akara kAvyazAstra-sambandhI sabhI Avazyaka carcAeM samAviSTa haiN| prastuta grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai lakSaNa aura lakSya-udAharaNa / lakSaNa-sambandhI sabhI padya ajitasena dvArA racita haiM tathA lakSya-sambandhI sabhI padya anya jainagranthoM se lie gaye haiN| vaise yaha grantha bhoja ke 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' se prabhAvita hai kintu isake pratyeka viSaya ko vijJAna ke dharAtala para pratiSThita karane kA pUrA prayAsa AcArya ajitasena ne kiyA hai| ___ isa grantha kA prathama prakAzana san 1907 IsavI meM solApura se huA thA aura isI kA hindI anuvAda evaM vistRta bhUmikA sahita dUsarI bAra prakAzana 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI' se san 1930 meM hanA hai| 9. zRGgAra-maJjarI- zrIajitasena ke nAma se yaha eka laghUkAya grantha bhI prApta hotA hai| isameM tIna pariccheda haiN| isakI racanA prAyaH san 1245 meM huI hai| grantha kI prazasti meM likhA hai ki rAjJI viTThaladevIti khyAtA shiilvibhuussnnaa| tatputraH kAmirAyAkhyo 'rAya' ityeva vizrutaH / / tadbhUmipAlapAThArthamuditeyamalaGikrayA / saMkSepeNa burghaSA yadbhAtrAsti (?) vizodhyatAm // isa grantha kI upalabdha donoM pratiyoM meM zRGgAramaJjarInAmAlaGkAra' aisA anta meM likhA hai tathA kAvya ke zRGgArakArI tattvoM kA isa meM saMkSipta saMgraha hai| 10. zRGgArArNava-candrikA prAcArya vijayakoti ke ziSya zrI vijayavarNI dvArA racita (I0 san 1250)

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50 yaha grantha dasa paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| yaha yuvaka nareza kAmirAya prathama baMganareza kI preraNA se likhA gayA thA / kAvyazAstrIya - paramparA ke granthoM kI racanA-prakriyA se kucha bhinna prakAra se isa grantha kA prArambha huA hai| prathama pariccheda meM 'varNagaraNaphalavicAra' 63 padyoM meM kiyA gayA hai / kavizikSA kI dRSTi se yaha upAdeya hai / dvitIya pariccheda meM - kAvyagata zabdArtha nizcaya, kAvyahetu kathana, 1- raucika 2 vAcika, 3-prArtha, 4- zilpika, 5 mArdavAnuga, 6 - vivekI 7- bhUSaNArthI nAmaka sAta prakAra ke kavi tathA 4 prakAra ke artho kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isameM 42 padya haiM / tRtIyapariccheda 130 padyoM kA hai jisameM 'rasa-bhAva- nizcaya' ko pramukhatA dI gaI hai| caturtha pariccheda meM 163 padyoM dvArA nAyaka-nAyikAbhedoM kA nizcaya prastuta huA hai / paJcama pariccheda meM 'dazaguNanizcaya' 31 padyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha, saptama aura aSTama paricchedoM meM kramazaH rIti, vRtti aura zayyA-pAka Adi kA varNana 17, 16 aura 10 padyoM meM hai / navama pariccheda meM 'alaGkAra nirNaya' kI dRSTi se cAra zabdAlaGkAra aura cAlIsa prarthAlaGkAroM kA 130 padyoM meM vivecana huA hai / antima dasavAM pariccheda 'guNadoSanirNaya' nAmaka hai| jisake 167 padyoM meM pada, vAkya aura prarthadoSa tathA guNoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kA prakAzana 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, ne kiyA hai / 11. zralaGkAra-saMgraha -- isake racayitA zrI amRtanandi haiN| isake chaha prakaraNoM meM kramazaH 1 - varNagaraNa vicAra, 2- zabdArthanirNaya, 3-rasavarNana, 4- netrabhedanirNaya, 5 - pralaMkAranirNaya tathA 6 - guNanirNaya' kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa kRti kI pANDulipiyoM ke bAre meM 'jinaratnakoza' ke bhAga 1, pR017 meM ullekha hai / 12. kAvyalakSaraNa - jainagranthAvalI ( pR0 316) meM isa ajJAtakartRka kRti kA ullekha hai tathA isakA AkAra 2500 zloka pramANa batAyA | anya vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM mila pAI hai / 13. kAvyAmnAya - jaina granthAvalI ( pR0 315 ) meM 20 patravAlI isa kRti ke nirmAtA amaracandra kA ullekha hai kintu jinaratnakoza (khaNDa 1, pR. 61 ) meM isake bAre meM yaha saMzaya kiyA gayA hai ki yaha jayadeva ke candrAloka kI TIkA bhI ho sakatI hai ? 14. prakrAntAlaGkAra-vRtti - jinaharSa ke ziSya dvArA racita isa kRti kA ullekha 'jinaratnakoza' ( khaNDa 1, pRSTha 257 ) meM kiyA gayA hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki isakI tADapatrIya prati pATaNa- gujarAta ke bhaNDAra meM hai / 15. karNAlaGkAra- maJjarI - jainagranthAvalI ( pR0 315) meM 70 padyoM kI isa kRti kA ullekha karate hue isake kartA kA nAma trimalla diyA hai| kintu jinaratna koza meM isakA nAma nahIM hai / 16. alaGkAra - cUrNi alaGkArAvacUri-- jinaratnakoza ( khaNDa 1, pR. 17) meM yaha kRti ullikhita hai / yaha pRSTha kI laghu kRti hai / 350 padyoM kI prAyaH 1500 zloka pramANa pA~ca paricchedavAlI isa kRti meM mUlakRti ke pratIka bhI die gae haiN| isake prArambha bhAga se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM rasa, nAyaka-nAyikAbheda Adi kA vivecana hogA / / 17. rUpakamaJjarI - gopAla ke putra rUpacandra kI 100 valI ( pR0 312) meM kiyA hai| jinaratnakoza meM isakA nAma nahIM hai nAmamAlA' ke nAma para yaha paricaya diyA huA hai / yaha racanA I0 sa0 kI jAtI hai ki isameM rUpaka alaMkAra ke sambandha meM vivecana hogA ! zloka pramANavAlI isa kRti kA ullekha jaina granthA kintu ( khaNDa 1, pR0 332 ) meM 'rUpakamaJjarI 1 87 kI hai / nAma ke AdhAra para yaha kalpanA 18- 20. rUpakamAlA -- yaha upAdhyAya puNyanandana kI kRti hai tathA isa para samayasundara garie ne san 1606 meM TIkA bhI likhI hai|

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51 isI nAma kI eka anya kRti pAzcandrasUri ne san 1521 meM banAI hai| eka anya ajJAtakartA ke ke nAma se bhI isa nAma kI kRti kA ullekha milatA hai / 21. kokti-zikA jaina granthAvalI (10 312) ke anusAra yaha 'ratnAkara' kI kRti hai| sambhavataH isameM vakrokti-sambandhI 50 padyoM kA saMgraha hogA ! ye grantha isa bAta ke sAkSI haiM ki alaGkArazAstra ko vivecanA meM jaina manISiyoM ne paryApta yoga diyA hai tathA aneka viSayoM para apanI navIna udbhAvanAoM ko prastuta karane meM bhI ve pIche nahIM rahe haiN| [ 3. nATyazAstra ke grantha aura granthakAra ] 1. nATyadarpaNa - yaha rAmacandra aura guNacandra nAmaka do vidvAnoM kI kRti hai| ve donoM AcArya hemacandra ke ziSya the ataH inakA samaya san 1068 se 1173 mAnA jAtA hai / ye apane guru ke samAna hI bahuzruta the| kavikaTAra malla, svAtantryatriya zatAvadhAnI yAdi aneka upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita rAmacandrasUri dhaura unake sahayogI gurubhAI candra ne lagabhaga sau granthoM kI racanA kI thii| nATyazAstra ke kSetra meM inakA 'nATyadaNa' atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| nATyadarpaNa cAra vivekoM meM vibhakta hai| isakI mUla kArikAe~ kramazaH cAroM vivekoM meM 65, 37, 51 aura 54 kula milA kara 207 hai 'nATaka-nirNaya' nAmaka prathama viveka meM nATakasambandhI sabhI bAtoM kA nirUpaNa hai| rUpaka ke bAraha bhedoM ko jinheM vANIrUpa AcArAdi bAraha praGgarUpa bhI kahA hai| dvitIya viveka kA nAma prakaraNAdyekAdaza-nirNaya' hai aura isameM prakaraNa se lekara bIbI taka 11 rUpakoM kA vivecana diyA hai| tRtIya viveka kA nAma 'vRti rasa-mAvAbhinaya- vicAra' rakhA gayA hai| isake anusAra isameM bhAratI yAdi cAra vRti zRGgAra se zAma taka nau rasa, nau sthAyIbhAva taMtIsa vyabhicArI bhAva rasAdi pATha pranubhAva aura cAra abhinayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| caucA viveka 'sarvasAdhAraNa-lakSa-nirNaya' nAmaka hai jisameM sabhI rUpakoM para ghaTAne yogya lakSaNa die gae haiN| . 1. svopajJavRtti - donoM prAcAryoM ne apane grantha para prAyaH 4500 anuSTup pramANa kI yaha vRtti likhI hai / isa viSaya kI puSTi ke lie jaina tathA janetara granthoM ke udAharaNa die gae haiM tathA bharata ke 'nATyazAstra', dhanaJjaya ke 'dazarUpaka' tathA hemacandra ke 'kAvyAnuzAsana' ke kaI uddharaNa bhI haiM aura kucha svaracita nATakoM kA bhI nAmanirdeza kiyA hai| kucha granthoM meM 'nATyadarpaNa' kA ullekha bhI milatA hai kintu sambhavataH vaha grantha koI anya granya rahA hogA kyoMki ve aMza isa grantha meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| jaina vidvAnoM meM nATyazAstra para likhita yahI grantha Aja upalabdha hotA hai| rAyappaserAijja nAmaka upAGga (023) kI vRtti meM malayagiri sUri ne nATyavidhiprAbhUta' (nAyavihipAhuDa) nAmaka grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa prAbhUta meM nATyazAstra kA nirUpaNa hogA ! kintu yaha grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| [ 4- chandaH zAstra ke grantha aura granthakAra ] 1. chandaH zAstra jaina sampradAya ke prAcAyoM dvArA praNIta chanda zAstrIya granthoM meM sarvaprAcIna isa nAma kA yaha grantha prApta hotA hai| vikrama kI chaThI pAtI meM utpanna, jainendravyAkaraNa Adi granthoM ke racayitA AcArya pUjyapAda kI yaha kRti hai / jayakIrti ne apane 'chando'nuzAsana' meM jina pUjyapAda kI kRti kA upayoga kiyA thA, vaha yahI grantha hai kintu yaha grantha aba taka prApta hai / 2. jayadevacchandas-tami sAdhu, svayambhU, kavidarpaNakAra tathA jayakIrti Adi sabhI jaina granthakAroM ne jayadeva ko bahuta mahattva diyA hai, isa AdhAra para tathA vaidika chandoM kA nirUpaNa karane para bhI janetara sampradAya meM

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52 lokapriya na hone se anumAna kiyA gayA hai ki jayadevacchandas ke kartA jayadeva jaina hI haiM / inakA samaya san 893 I0 mAnA jAtA hai / isa meM pATha adhyAya haiM jinameM kramazaH saMjJA, gAyatrI, anya vaidikachanda aura lokika chandoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isa para nimnalikhita 3 TIkAe~ haiM 1. vivRti-mukula ke putra harSaTa (I0 san 1124 se pUrva) kI yaha vivRti hai| jayadeva ne mUla meM 'muni' aura 'saMtava' ke mata kA ullekha kiyA hai| isameM muni kA artha harSaTa ne piGgala kiyA hai / 2-3-vRtti tathA TippaNa--vRtti ke nirmAtA vardhamAna aura TippaNa ke zrIcandra haiN| 3. chando'nuzAsana-kannaDI di0 jaina jayakIrti kI yaha racanA hai| isa padyAtmaka kRti meM-janAzraya, jayadeva, piGgala, pUjyapAda, mANDavya aura saitava kI chandoviSayaka kRtiyoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| isameM '1. saMjJA, 2. samavRtta, 3. ardhasamavRtta, 4. viSamavRtti, 5. AryAjAti, mAtrA-samaka jAti, 6. mizra, 7. karNATaviSaya bhASAjAti aura 8. prastArAdi-pratyaya' nAmaka pATha adhikAra haiN| yaha racanA kedAra ke 'vRttaratnAkara' tathA hemacandrAcArya ke 'chando'nuzAsana' ke madhyavartI kAla kI hone se bahuta mahattva kI mAnI jAtI hai| 4. chandaHzAstra-'buddhisAgara-vyAkaraNa' ke racayitA zrI buddhisAgara sUri (san 1023I. isake bhI racayitA) haiM / isakA vizeSa paricaya prApta nahIM hai| 5. chandaHzekhara-isake kartA rAjazekhara (san 1122 I0) haiN| isameM pAMca prakaraNa haiM tathA prArambha ke prakaraNoM meM apabhraMza ke chanda tathA antima meM saMskRta chandoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 6. chando'nuzAsana-isake nirmAtA kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrAcArya haiN| yaha pATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai tathA isameM 764 sUtra haiN| isake cauthe adhyAya meM prAkRta ke sabhI mAtrika chandoM kA, pAMcave meM apabhraMza ke chandoM kA, chaThe meM SaTpadI aura catuSpadI ke prakAra tathA sAtaveM meM dvipadI Adi kA vicAra anya pUrvavartI granthoM kI apekSA adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| isIlie yaha kRti saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza ina tInoM bhASAoM ke chandoM kA prAtinidhya karatI hai| isa para tIna TIkAeM isa prakAra prApta hotI haiM 1. svopajJavRtti-jainagranthAvalI (pR0 317) ke anusAra isI kA nAma 'chandazcUgamariNa' hai| isameM mUla ke atirikta bhI chandoviSayaka vibhinna bAtoM ko sodAharaNa spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / 2. vRtti-mUla kRti athavA usakI svopajJa vRtti para nyAyAcArya zrI yazovijayajI gariNa dvArA isa vRtti ke nirmANa kA ullekha 'jainagranthAvalI' (pR0 107) meM hupA hai| para yaha upalabdha nahIM hai| 3. TIkA-yaha vardhamAna sUri dvArA nirmita hai| 7. ratnamaJjUSA-ajJAta kartRka yaha 230 sUtrAtmaka saMskRta chandaHzAstra hai| isa para kisI prajJAtanAmaka kI TIkA bhI hai jo jaina dvArA likhita hai / saMjJA, ardhasamavRtta, mAtrAsamaka varga (jinameM natyagati aura naTacaraNa kA bhI samAveza hai), viSama vRtta tathA anya varNavRttoM kA vicAra ATha adhyAyoM meM yahA~ prastuta hamA hai| isa kRti kA bhASyasahita sampAdana pro0 haridAmodara velaNakara ne kiyA hai tathA yaha 'samASyaratnamaJjUSA' ke nAma se 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI' se prakAzita huI hai| 6. chandoratnAbalI-prAyaH vikrama kI terahavIM zatI meM vartamAna 'veNIkRpANa' zrIpramaracandrasUri kI 700

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zloka pramANavAlI yaha kRti prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai| grenyakAra ne apanI anya kRti 'kAvyakalpalatA' meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isameM prAkRta padya bhI bahuta se udAhRta haiM / 6. chando'nuzAsana-isa kRti ke kartA nemiputra vAgbhaTa haiN| granthakAra ne apane kAvyAnuzAsana kI svopajJa vRtti meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai tathA pattanabhANDAga rIya grantha sUcI' (bhA-1, pR0 117) meM isa chando'nuzAsana ke avataraNa die haiN| 1. svopajJavatti-vAgbhaTa ne svayaM yaha vatti banAI hai| 10. chandaHzAstra-isake kartA rAmavijaya gaNi haiN| 11. chandastatva-aJcalagaccha ke dharmanandana gariNa kI yaha racanA hai aura isa para 'svopajJa vRtti' bhI hai| 12. ratnamaJjUSA-chandoviciti--yaha ajJAtakartaka racanA bAraha vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai aura isa para kisI ne TIkA bhI likhI hai aisA 'jinaratnakoza' (khaNDa 1, pR0 327) meM ullekha hai| 13. chando'laGkAra-yaha ajJAtakartRka racanA hai aura isakI kisI ne TIkA bhI likhI hai| 14. ajitazAnti-chandovivaraNa-nandiSeNa dvArA racita 'ajitazAntistava' meM prayukta chandoM ke lakSaNoM kA vicAra isameM hogA ! aisA anumAna hai| 15.16-17. gAthAratnakoSa gAthAratnAkara tathA chandorUpaka-ina kRtiyoM kA nAmataH ullekha milatA hai| 18. piGgala-sAroddhAra-yaha 526 zlokapramANavAlI kRti piGgalakRta chandoviSayaka kRti ke sArarUpa meM hogI ! aisA jJAta hotA hai| 16. nanditAlyavRtti-yaha nanditAbya ke gAhAlakkhaNa para ratnacandra kI saMskRta vRtti hai| 20. chandaHkozaTIkA-nAgapurIya tapAgaccha ke ratnazekhara sUri ne 74 gAthAnoM meM prAkRta ke 'chandaHkoza' kI racanA kI hai usa para rAjaratna ke ziSya candrakIrti ne yaha TIkA likhI hai| .. 21. chandaHsundara TokA -yaha kisI 'chandaHsundara' nAmaka grantha kI TIkA hogI ! aisA anumAna hai| isa prakAra ina chandaHzAstrIya granthoM meM 18 grantha aura 3-vRttiyA~-TIkAe~ haiM jo jaina vidvAnoM ke dvArA kI gaI isa zAstra kI sevA ke lie apUrvayoga mAnI jAtI haiM / [3-ajaina kAvyazAstrIya granthoM para jaina prAcAryoM kI TIkAe~] 1. kAvyAvarza TIkA-prAcArya daNDI ke kAvyAdarza' para da aparanAma vAdisiMha sUri ne yaha TIkA nirmita kI hai / isakI eka pANDulipi baMgalipi meM I0 san 1701 kI likhI prApta hotI hai / 2. kAvyAlaGkAra-vRtti--(1) AcArya rudraTa dvArA racita 'kAvyAlaGkAra' para isa vRtti kI racanA thArApadra gaccha ke zAlibhadra sUri ke ziSya 'nami sAdhu' ne I0 san 1068 meM kI hai| inakI anya racanA 'pAvazyaka vRtticaityavandanavRtti' hai| prastuta vRtti meM namisAdhu ne apane pUrvavartI kisI anya prAcArya dvArA racita vRtti kA upayoga kiyA hai tathA apanI vRtti meM katipaya granthakAra aura unake anyoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai|

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pAhA 3. kAvyAlaGkAra-nibandhana-(2) rudraTa ko hI kRti para yaha dvitIya TIkA 'sapAdalakSa' deza se nikala kara mAlavA kI dhArAnagarI meM rahakara vidyAbhyAsa karanevAle digambara jaina paM0 prAzAdhara ne banAI hai| isI TIkAkAra ne 'sAgAradharmAmRta' tathA 'anagAradharmAmRta' para bhI kramazaH I0 san 1236 tathA 1243 meM TIkAe~ likhI haiM / ataH prastuta 'nibandhana' kA samaya bhI isI ke bIca mAnA gayA hai| 4. se 6. kAvya-prakAza-saMketa evaM anya 6 TIkAe~-mammaTa ke 'kAvyaprakAza' para nirmita ina sAta TIkAnoM kA paricaya hama Age svatantrarUpa se prastuta kareMge / ataH vahIM dekheM / 10. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa-padaprakAza-mahArAjA bhojadeva ke kAvyazAstrIya grantha 'sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa' para pada-prakAza, nAmaka isa TIkA ke nirmAtA haiM pArzvacandra ke putra 'praajdd''| isa TIkA kI puSpikA tathA anya TIkAMza pattana0bhA0 grantha-sUcI (bhAga1, pR0 37-36) meM udghata haiN| 11. candrAloka-TIkA 'kAvyAmnAya'-jinaratnakoza (khaNDa 1, pR. 11) meM isa TIkA ke bAre meM saMketa kiyA hai jo saMzayapUrNa hai| 12. vidagdhamukhamaNDana-dharmadAsa nAmaka bauddha vidvAn dvArA praNIta isa grantha ke cAra paricchedoM meM prahelikA aura citrakAvyoM kA vivecana huA hai / isa para jaina vidvAnoM ne lagabhaga ATha TIkAe~ banAI haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM (1) pravacUriNa-isake racayitA 'kharatara' gaccha ke prAcArya mahAn stotrakara zrI jinaprabhasUri haiN| (2) TIkA- kharatara' gaccha ke hI jinasiMha sUri ke praziSya aura labdhicandra ke ziSya jinacandra ne yaha TIkA I0 sa0 1612 meM likhI hai| (3) vRtti --satrahavIM zatI ke vinayasundara ke ziSya binayaratna kI yaha kRti hai| (4) TokA-I0 san 1642 meM kharatara gaccha ke sumatikalaza ke ziSya vinayasAgara ne isa TIkA kI racanA kI hai| (5) TIkA-isake kartA bhImavijaya haiN| (6) pravacUri--jinaratnakoza (khaNDa 1, pR0 355) meM isa ajJAtakartRka kRti kA ullekha huA hai tathA isakA prArambha 'smRtvA jinendramapi' se batalAyA hai| (7) TIkA-isa TIkA ke bAre meM 'bhAratIya vidyA' varSa 2, aMka 3 meM zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ke 'janetara granthoM para jaina vidvAnoM kI TIkAe~' zIrSaka lekha meM kukudAcArya-santAnIya dvArA racita kahA gayA hai| (E) bAlAvabodha-saTThisayagapayaraNa, vAgbhaTAlaGkAra Adi aneka granthoM para bAlAvabodha kI racanA karane vAle upAdhyAya merusundara ne 1544 zlokapramANa isa bAlAvabodha kI racanA kI hai| isameM prArambhika 5 padya saMskRta meM haiM aura yatratatra saMskRta meM vivaraNa evaM gujarAtI meM artha diyA hai| [ 6-ajaina chandaHzAstrIya granthoM para jaina prAcAryoM ko TokAe~] (1)zratabodha-vRtti-mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke nAma se prasiddha isa 44 padya kI kRti para nAnaka aparanAma jImUtAnanda ke ziSya haMsarAja ne yaha vRtti I0 san 1588 ke nikaTa nirmita kI hai|

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55 (2) vRtti-nAgapUrIya 'tapA' gaccha ke candrakIti sUri ke ziSya harSakIrti suri dvArA satrahavIM zatI meM yaha vRtti banAI gaI hai| (3) vRtti-yaha nayavimala dvArA racita hai / (4) vRtti-yaha vAcaka meghacandra ke ziSya kI racanA hai| isakA prArambha 'zrImatsArasvataM dhAma' se hotA hai| isakA ullekha piTarsana kI dvitIya riporTa ke pariziSTa (10 225) meM diyA gayA hai| (5) vRtti-yaha kAntivijaya dvArA racita hai| (6) TokA-yaha mANikyamalla kI kRti hai| (1) vRttaratnAkara vRtti-kedAra bhaTTa ke isa grantha para 'upAdhyAya-nirapekSA' nAmaka vRtti kA nirmANa terahavIM zatI ke vidvAn 'kavisabhAzRGgAra' viruda se vibhUSita tathA meghadUta ke TIkAkAra zrI prAsaDa ne kiyA hai| (2) vRtti-'vAdI' devasUri ke santAnIya jayamaGgala sUri ke ziSya somacandra gaNi ne I0 san 1272 meM yaha vRtti nirmita kI hai| (3).Tippanaka-'kharatara' gaccha ke jinabhadrasUri ke ziSya kSemahaMsa ne isakI racanA kI hai| ye pandrahavIM zatI ke pUrvArdha meM vidyamAna the| (4) bAlAvabodha-'kharatara' gaccha ke merusundara ne isa bAlAvabodha kI racanA kI hai| ye solahavIM zatI meM hue haiM / kucha bhAga saMskRta meM aura zeSa gujarAtI bhASA meM yaha vyAkhyA hogii| (5) vRtti-yaha vRtti samayasundara gaNi ne I0 san 1637 meM nirmita kI hai| (6) vRtti-isake racayitA harSakIti sUri ke praziSya tathA amarakIti ke ziSya yazaHkIti haiN| isa prakAra arjana chandaHzAstrIya mukhya do grantha 'zrutabodha' tathA 'vRttaratnAkara' para jaina vidvAnoM ne bAra TIkAeM likhI haiM jo unake chandaH-sambandhI adhyayanAnurAga kI pratIka haiN| isa prakAra sAhitya-zAstra kI cintana-paramparA meM jahA~ gRhasthavarga hI prAyaH adhyayana, adhyApana tathA vivecana Adi meM saMlagna rahA hai vahIM hamArA munivarga bhI isa zAstra ke cintana meM jAgarUka rahA hai| sArasvata sAdhanA meM zlIlaazlIla athavA laukika-alaukika kI bhAvanA se Upara uThakara vAgdevI kI arcanA karanA hI pramukha lakSya rahatA hai| tATasthyabhAva se satya ko satya kahane kI kSamatA sacce sAhityakAra kA devI guNa hai| isI guNa ko mukharita rakhane meM jaina munivarga bhI sadA agraNI rahA hai / yaha bAta uparyukta kRti-nicaya ke nidarzana se satya parilakSita hotI hai| sAmpradAyika durAgraha kI sImA ko lAMgha kara 'vizvamekanIDam' kI bhAvanA se likhA gayA sAhitya hI vastutaH sAhitya kahalAtA hai| sahabhAva kA udreka bhI tabhI hotA hai, jaba ki usameM kevala satya, ziva aura sundara kA hI sAttvika pratibimba aDita kiyA gayA ho| isIliye kahA gayA hai ki sAhityaM puruSottamasya vimalA vidyotate sphATikI, mUtiryatra vilokanAt sphuTataraM bAhya tathAbhyantaram / sarva tattvamavali tat sahRdayo yalloka-zokApaha, satyaM maGgalarUpi sundarataraM bhAsvatprabhAvAnvitam // (rudrasya)

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vAgdevatAvatAra AcArya mammaTa janmasthAna tathA janmakAla sambandhI dhAraNAe~ sarasvatIdhAma kAzmIra meM utpanna AcArya mammaTa kA kAla vibhinna vidvAnoM ne zranekavidha UhApohoM ke AdhAra para IsA ko gyArahavIM zatI ko mAnA hai| inake jIvana paricaya ko abhivyakta karane ke liye 'kAvya - prakAza' kI I0 san 1665 ke nikaTa nirmita 'sArasammuccaya' apara nAma 'nidarzanA' TIkA ke upasaMhAra bhAga kI ' iti zivAgamaprasiddhaghA trizatasva dIkSA- kSapita sakala-mala-paTalaH prakaTita- satsvarUpa- cidAnandaghano rAjAnakakula- tilako 'mammaTanAmA dezikavara: * ityAdi - paGktiyA~ aura 'sudhAsAgara' nAmaka 'kAvya prakAza' kI TIkA meM pradatta paricaya-padya prastuta kiye jAte haiM / ina uddharaNoM ke prathama aMza se mammaTa kI zivAgamajJatA evaM tadantargata dIkSita hokara upAsanA dvArA mAnavajanma sArthakatA 1. 'zabdabrahma sanAtanaM na viditaM zAstraH kvacit kenacit, taddevI hi sarasvatI svayamabhUt kAzmIradeze pumAn / zrImajjayaTagehinI sujaTharAjjanmApya yugmAnujaH, zrImanmammaTasaMjJayA''zritatanuM sArasvata sUcayan // 4 // maryAdAM kila pAlayan zivapurIM gatvA prapakhyAdarAda, zAstraM sarvajanopakArarasikaH sAhityasUtraM vyadhAt / tadvRtti ca viracya gUDhamakarot kAvyaprakAzaM sphuTaM, vaidagdhyaikanidAnamathaSu caturvargapradaM sevanAt // 5 // kastasya stutimAcaret kaviraho ko vA guNAn vedituM, zaktaH syAt kila mammaTastha bhuvane vAgdevatArUpiNa: ? zrImAn kaiyaTa proTo hyavarajo yacchAtratAmAgato, aroori nigamaM yathAkramamanuvyAkhyAya siddhi gataH // 6 // ( sudhAsAgarI TIkA, prArambha bhAga) bhImasena kI yaha TIkA mammaTa ke lagabhaga 600 varSoM ke bAda san 1723 meM likhI gaI hai, ataH isameM kalpanA aura kiMvadantI kA Azraya hI adhika liyA gayA ho, aisA sambhava hai / vaise kAzmIrI paNDitoM kI paramparAgata prasiddhi ke anusAra mammaTa 'naiSadhIyacarita' ke racayitA mahakavi harSa ke mAmA mAne jAte haiM aura isa sambandha meM-- 'tava vatrtmani vartatAM zivaM' ityAdi naiSadha ke dvitIya sargastha padya se sambandhita kiMvadantI bhI pracalita hai / 1. kAvyaprakAza kI prArambhika maGgalarUpa 'niyatikRta niyamarahitAM' ityAdi zrAryA kAzmIrika zaivAgama ke pUrNa paricaya kI pratIka hai aura isI darzana kI pRSThabhUmi para rasa- darzana kI sthApanA bhI mammaTa ne kI hai / vizeSa ke lie draSTavya- isI AryA kI 'DaoN0 satyavrata siMha kRta 'candrakalA hindI vyAkhyA' /

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57 prApti ke atirikta 'rAjAnaka" kula meM utpatti prakaTa hotI hai, jo prAyaH sarvamAnya hai / kintu bhImasena dvArA jaiyaTa kI patnI ke garbha se samba kA janma vArANasI meM adhyayana aura kaMpaTa tathA cauvaTa kI laghubhrAtRtA ziSyatva prAvi bAteM vibhinna pramANoM se saMzaya-pUrNa siddha huI haiN| TakArAnta nAma se inakA kAzmIrajanmA honA avazya hI mAnya hai| yadyapi mammaTa ne kahIM apane deza kAla kA saGaketa nahIM diyA hai kintu inake pUrvAparavartI 'bhojadeva' (san 1022 ) tathA 'mANikyacandra' (san 1960) ke AdhAra para IsA kI gyArahavIM zatI ko inakA sthitikAla tathA kAvyaprakAza kA racanAkAla mAnA hai / mUla grantha 'kAvyaprakAza' aura 'zabda-vyApAra- vicAra' ke parizIlana se sahaja spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki mammaTa aneka zAstroM ke marmajJa the / pAtajala-mahAbhASya vAkyapadIya, zAvara bhASya tathA bhaTTa kumArita, mukula bhaTTa prAdi ke vyAkaraNa, mImAMsA aura tarkasammata matoM kA apane grantha meM samAyojana-samAlocana evaM sAhityazAstrIya pUrvavartI bharata, bhAmaha, daNDI prabhUti prAcAryoM ke vicAroM kA parizIlana-paryAlocana isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki inakI bahuzatA vastutaH AzcaryakAraka thii| itanA hote hue bhI ye mukhyataH vaiyAkaraNa the, yaha bAta kAvya-prakAza ke aneka uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai| ' mammaTa ke isI sarvaGkaSa pANDitya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara unheM vAgdevatAra, dhvaniprasthApanAcArya, dhvani sthA panaparamAcArya, grAdi pratyanta AdaraNIya padAvaliyoM se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai / kAvyaprakAza aura usakA mahatva / alaGkArazAstra ke grantha protAoM kI gudI paramparA meM prAcArya mammaTa tathA unakI amara racanA 'kAvya'prakAza' kA nAma bahuta hI AdaraNIya bana gayA hai / kAvyaprakAza kI racanA se pUrva vibhinna AcArya inhIM viSayoM ko aneka dRSTiyoM se vivecita kara rahe the / mammaTa kA yuga isa dRSTi se navIna cetanA-yuga ke rUpa meM vikasita honA cAhatA yA mahAkaviyoM kI kAvyasRSTi ke samIkSaNa ke sAtha hI anubhUti kI gaharAI vyakta karane ke liye "rasa kI abhi vyakti, utipaya vakokti, bhaGgImakhiti dhvani aura guNIbhUtavyaGga tathA rasadhyani" jaisI navIna cetanAoM dvArA 'kAvya-darzana' kA svarUpa upasthita kiyA jA rahA thA kAzmIra ke dArzanika aura sAhityika vAtAvaraNa meM palakara medhAvI mammaTa ne apanI bahumukhI pratibhA se uparyukta sabhI tatvoM ko prAtmasAda karate hue eka aisI samanvayAtmaka kRti kI zrAvazyakatA kA anubhava kiyA aura usake pariNAma svarUpa 'kAvyaprakAza' kA nirmANa huprA / dhvanivAda ke kucha samarthaka prAcIna alaGkArazAstra ko dhvanivAda kI dRSTi se navIna rUpa dene kI jo apekSA rakhate the usakI pUrti dhvanivAdI alaGkArazAstrarUpa 'kAvyaprakAza' kI racanA se mammaTa ne kI aura sAtha hI sAtha isameM kAvyasamIkSA ke sabhI Avazyaka siddhAntoM kA bhI prAmANika saGkalana prastuta kiyaa| DaoN. satyavratasiMha ne ThIka hI kahA hai ki "mammaTa ke hAtha se 'kAvyaprakAza' kAvyAlocanA ke 'vijJAna' ke rUpa meM nikalatA hai kintu mammaTa ke hAtha meM 'kAvyaprakAza' kAvyAlocanA kI 'kalA' hai kAvyaprakAza kA lekhaka pahane pakti, vyutpatti para prabhyAsasampanna sahRdaya hai dhaura usake bAda kAvyAlocaka hai / " 1. DaoN0 satyavrata siMha mammaTa kA vArANasI meM adhyayana bhI samIcIna hI mAnate haiM 2. 'bi' zabda kA doSa prakaraNa meM samAveza dekhakara vizvanAtha ne 'kAvyaprakAza kiyA hai| 3. uddharaNoM ke lie dekheM jhalakIkara kI bhUmikA pR0 801 / (vahIM bhUmikA pR0 67 ) meM kAzmIra kA saGketa

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. alaGkAra-zAstra kI prAcIna mAnyatAoM kA zRGkhalA-baddha vaijJAnika vivecana prastuta karane ke kAraNa uttaravartI kAvyazAstra ke prAcArya isI se preraNA prApta karate rahe haiM yahI kAraNa hai ki kAvyaprakAza ko 'alaGkAra-zAstra kA prasthAna grantha' mAnA gayA hai| yaha sUtrazailI meM likhita aura viSaya-bAhulya se khacita hone ke sAtha hI bharata se lekara bhojarAja taka prAya: 1200 varSoM meM alaGkAra-zAstra ke viSaya meM jisa vizAla sAhitya kA nirmANa hayA usake samparNa sAratattva se paripUrNa hai| yadyapi yaha aba nizcita-sA hai ki 'kAvyaprakAza' kA nirmANa akele mammaTa ne nahIM kiyA hai apitU, isameM 'allaTa' nAmaka eka anya kAzmIrika prAcArya kA bhI pUrNa sahayoga rahA hai| kintu yaha sahayoga kitane aMza meM hai isa viSaya meM kucha matabheda bhI haiM / tathApi 'mANikyacandra' aura 'rucaka' jaise mammaTa ke nikaTakAlIna TIkAkAroM kI nimna paMktiyoM se isa grantha kA yugmakartRtva spaSTa hai / paMktiyA~ isa prakAra haiM - 1 'atha cAyaM grantho'nyenArabdho' pareNa ca samApita iti dvikhaNDo'pi sngghttnaavshaadkhnnddaayte| (mANikyacandrIya saGketa TIkA) 2 'etena mahAmatInAM prasaraNahetureSa granyo granthakRtA'nena kathamapyasamAptatvAdapareNa ca pUritAvazeSatvAd dvikhaNDo'pi / ' (rucakIya saGkata ttiikaa)| isI prasaGga meM rAjAnaka Ananda ne apanI 'kAvyaprakAza-nidarzanA' TIkA meM likhA hai ki 'kRtaH zrImammaTAcAryavayaH parikarAvadhi / pranthaH sampUritaH zeSaM vidhAyAllaTasUriNA // ' isase yaha spaSTa hai ki mammaTa ne parikarAlaGkAra taka grantha-racanA ko aura zeSa kI pUrti allaTa sUri ne kii| kintu kucha anya prAcArya donoM (mammaTa' aura allaTa) kI sammilita kRti bhI mAnate haiN| 'kAvya prakAza' ke tIna bhAga kramazaH 1-kArikA, 2-vRtti aura 3-udAharaNa haiM / inameM udAharaNa to vibhinna granthoM se saMgRhIta haiM hI, kintu kArikA aura vRtti ina donoM ke bAre meM bhI do mata pracalita haiN| prathama mata hai kikArikAe~ bharata muni kI haiM aura vRtti mammaTa kI / jaba ki dvitIya mata hai ki ina donoM ke racayitA mammaTa hI haiN| ina meM pahalA mata vidyAbhUSaNa aura mahezvara nAmaka TIkAkAroM kA hai aura dUsarA mata jayarAma nAmaka TIkAkAra kA hai| prAcArya vizvezvara siddhAnta-ziromaNi ne apanI kAvyaprakAza kI hindI TIkA kI bhUmikA meM aneka dRSTi se vicAra spaSTa karake jayarAma ke mata ko hI ucita mAnA hai jo ki vAstavika pratIta hotA hai| kAvyaprakAza kA mahattva kitanA adhika hai aura kyoM ? isa bAta ko jAnane ke lie nimnalikhita bAteM sArarUpa meM jJAtavya haiM 1. 'kAvya prakAza' ko racanA ke kucha varSoM ke pazcAt hI isa para TokA-nirmANa ko paramparA kA AvirbhAva huA aura vaha Aja bhI pracalita hai| 2. isa para sAhitya ke atirikta anya sampradAya ke anuyAyiyoM dvArA bhI nirantara TokAnoM kI racanA hotI rahI hai| 3. isa meM 142 kArikA (sUtra), vRtti aura 620 udAharaNoM dvArA saMkSepa meM hI sarvAGgINa viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai|

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56 4. kAvyazAstra ke kSetra meM zatAbdiyoM se pracalita matoM kA sAra saMgraha isameM samAviSTa hai / 5. nATya sambandhI zAstra ko chor3a kara kAvyazAstra ke sabhI aMgoM kA vyApaka vivecana isakI vizeSatA hai / 6. aneka naye siddhAntoM ke vikAsa kA yaha mUlasrota hai / 7. prAcIna AcAryoM para zraddhA rakhate hue bhI isameM yathAvasara unakI samAlocanA karake vAstavika pakSa kI sthApanA kI gaI hai / 8. vibhinna prAcAryoM kA zrAdhAra rakhate hue bhI apane svatantra vicAroM kA prakAzana karane meM saMkoca nahIM kiyA gayA hai| aise hI guNoM ke kAraNa kAvyaprakAza ko alaGkAra- zAstroM kI paramparA meM pramukha sthAna prApta huA hai tathA yaha bhAvI bhASya tathA vyAkhyAoM kA udgamasrota banA huA hai| DaoN0 AdityanAtha jhA ne ucita hI likhA hai ki kAvyAnuzAsana- vivecana- kovidAnAM, prajJA- suvarNa- nikaSopalatAM dadhAnaH / svalpaiH padaivivRtamUrigabhIratattvaH, 'kAvya-prakAza' iha kasya na suprazasyaH // doSA guNA dhvaniralaGkRtayaH samastAH zAstrAntarIyamanubandhi tathA'rthatatvam / kAvya prakAza mukure pratibimbakalpaM prAkAzi mammaTa budhena navakrameNa // yatsUribhirnigaditaM padavAkya-mAna-zAstreSu kAvya- sahakAri-vicAra-hAri / sphoTAdijaimini nayAnugataJca kiJcid, bauddhoditazca viniveditamatra yuktyA // sUkSmekSikA- samadhigamyamupeya vastu, sUtrAtmakairguru bhIragirAM pravAhaiH / zrAsvAdayan sahRdayAnu vizadaM yazaH svaM zrImammaTa: sphaTikamandiravaccakAra // 1 kAvyaprakAza kA TIkA - sAhitya 'TIkA, sAhitya kI gUDha nidhiyoM kI kuJjI hai' athavA 'TIkA gurUNAM guruH' jaisI mahattvapUrNa sUktiyoM se TIkAoM kA mahattvaM sarvavidita hai / vicAroM ko pariSkRta karake pAThakoM taka pahu~cAne kA kArya TIkA ke mAdhyama se pratisarala ho jAtA hai / granthakAra jaba jisa pariprekSya meM grantha kI racanA karatA hai usakA sthAyI prabhAva grantha meM ciranihita hotA hai, kintu samaya ke pravAha meM jJAna kA pravAha bhI bar3hatA rahatA hai isa lie pratyeka cintaka apanI-apanI dRSTi se granthakAra kI bhAvanAoM ko usake grantha ke Aloka meM hI abhivyakta karanA cAhatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki saMskRtasAhitya ke granthoM para na kevala TIkAe~ hI huI haiM apitu katipaya TIkAoM kI praTIkAe~ bhI banatI rahI haiM, aura ye TIkAeM 'TIkyate gamyate pranthArthIsnayA' isa vyutpatti ko sArthaka karatI rahI haiM / jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki - "kAvyaprakAza-bhAvI bhASya aura vyAkhyAnoM kA udgamasrota banA huA hai" tadanusAra isa grantha kI aneka TIkAe~ huI haiM jinakA paricaya tathA ina TIkAkAroM meM jaina TIkAkAroM kA kitanA, kisa prakAra kA yogadAna huA hai ? isa dRSTi se yahA~ saMkSepa meM kramika paricaya diyA jA rahA hai / 1. draSTavya - mahAmahopAdhyAya sara gaGgAnAtha jhA kRta 'kAvya-prakAza' ke aMgrejI anuvAda grantha meM bhUmikA bhAga /

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[1] 'saGkata' prAcArya mANikyacandrasUri ( san 1115 I0 janmakAla) kAvya prakAza vo aba taka upalabdha TIkAnoM meM mANikya candra sUri dvArA racita 'saGketa' TIkA ati prAcIna hai| isa TIkA meM anya kisI TIkAkAra kA ullekha na hone se isakI prAcInatA siddha hotI hai| isakI racanA kA samaya svayaM TIkAkAra ne rasa vaktra-12grahAdhIzavatsare mAsi mASave / kAvye kAvya-prakAzasya saGketo'yaM sathitaH // 12 // ' yaha likhakara vyakta kiyA hai| isake anusAra isa TIkA kI samApti kA samaya san 1956 I0 hai| kintu isa sambandha meM 'vaktra' zabda ke arthabheda ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kucha vidvAn vi0 saM0 1246 aura 1266 bhI mAnate haiN| zrImANikya candra sUri 'rAja' gaccha ke sAgaracandra munIndra ke ziSya the| racanAgata praur3hatA ko dekhate hue yaha anumAna karanA svAbhAvika hogA ki usa samaya inakI Ayu prAyaH 40-45 varSa kI avazya rahI hogI ataH inakA samaya 1115 I. mAnanA ucita hai| inhoMne TIkA ke anta meM dI gaI 'puSpikA' ke padyoM meM zrIzIlabhadra, bharatezvara sUri, verasvAmI aura nemicandra sUri kA varNana karate hue apane paramaguruoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA apane mativaibhava kI upalabdhi meM. . zrInemicandra aura sAgaracandra sUri kA bahuta bar3A yoga vyakta kiyA hai| 1. kAvya-prakAza-saGketa TIkA kA antima padya / 2. DaoN0 sAMDesarA (gAyakavAr3a oriyaNTala insTITayUTa-bar3audA ke kyUreTara) ne apane prabandha-Literary Cirele of Mahamatya vastupala' meM vaktra' zabda ke brahmA se sambaddha hone para 4 tathA 'guha' se sambaddha hone para 6 kI saMkhyA ke rUpa meM artha mAnakara vastupAla ke samaya ke sAtha mANikyacandra sUri ke sthitikAla kA sAmya dikhAyA hai| kintu pro. rasikalAla sI0 parIkha ne apanI somezvarakRta kAvya-prakAza kI saMketa TIkAsambandhI prakAzana kI prastAvanA meM ise ucita nahIM mAnA hai / draSTavya-kAvyaprakAza (dvitIya bhAga), rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura (prakAzana 1956 I0 / 3. zrIzIlabhadrasUrINAM paTTa maarinnkysnnibhaaH| parama jyotiSo jAtA bharatezvarasUrayaH // 3 // bharatena parityakto'smIti kopaM vahanniva / zAnto rasastadadhikaM bheje zrImaratezvaram // 4 // pavaM tanvalaJcake versvaamimuniishvrH| anupradyotanodyotaM divamindumarIcivatu // 5 // vAJchan siddhivadhU hasana sitaruci koA rati rodayan, paJceSormathanAd vahana bhavavanaM kAman kaSAyadviSaH / trasyan rAgamalaGghanAghanazakRdbhastrAstyajana yoSito, bibhrANaH zamamadbhutaM navarasI yastulyamasphorayat // 6 // Satarko-lalanA-vilAsa-vasatiH sphUrjattapoharpatistatpaTTodayacandramA: samajani zrInemicandraprabhuH / niHsAmAnyaguNabhuvi prasRmaraiH prAleyarzalojjvalayazcakre karaNabhojino munipateya'thaM mataM sarvataH // 7 // yatra prAtimazAlinAmapi nRNAM saJcAramAtanvatAM, sndehai| pratibhA-kirITa-paTalI sadyaH samuttAryate /

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isa TIkA meM bhAmaha, daNDI, udbhaTa, vAmana, abhinava gupta, mukula aura bhojarAja ke abhiprAyoM kA ullekha hamA hai tathA TIkAkAra ne svaracita kAvya ke udAharaNa bhI yatra-tatra prastuta kie haiN| TIkAkAra ke dAyitvoM kA ucita nirvAha karate hue zrImANikyacandra sUri ne jahA~ saMkSipta vivaraNa kI apekSA thI vahAM saMkSita aura jahA~ vistAra Avazyaka thA vahA~ vibhinna pramANoM dvArA viSaya ko vizada karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isa TIkA ke sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki guraNAnapekSiraNI yasminnarthAlaGkAratatparA / prauDhA'pi jAyate buddhiH 'saGketaH so'yamabhutaH // 1 // nAnAnanyasamuddhatarasakalarapyeva saMsUcitaH, 'saGketo''rtha lavarlaviSyati nRNAM zake vizaGkatamaH / niSpannA nanu jIrNa-zIrNa-vasana!randhra-vicchittimiH, prAleya-prathitAM na manthati kathaM kanthA-vyathAM sarvathA // 2 // yaha TIkA 'apane aura anya vidvAnoM ke lie' nirmita kI thii| isake sambandha meM unhoMne svayaM likhA hai ki'kAvya prakAza-sahaketaH svAnyopakRtaye kRtaH // 11 // saGkata meM kucha sthaloM para jo mahattvapUrNa vivecana darzanIya haiM, unameM 1. lakSaNA-sUtra' kI vyAkhyA, 2. 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' para zAstrIya carcA, 3. 'mukhaM vikasitasmitaM' tathA 'snigdha zyAmala' padya kI vyAkhyA, 4. rasaprakaraNa meM pAe hue vibhinna matoM kI carcA, 5. rasoM ke vibhAga Adi kA nirUpaNa, 6. paJcamollAsa. meM 'zratiliGgasthAna' prAdi kI carcA evaM 7. aSTama tathA navama ullAsa meM guNoM aura yamaka ke svakRta udAharaNa prAdi / dvitIya ullAsa meM apane prabandha kI mahattA meM inhoMne likhA hai kisazabdArtha-zarIrasya kaalngkaar-vyvsthitiH| yAvat kalyANamAriNakya-prabandho na nirIkSyate // isI prakAra navama ullAsa ke prArambha meM 'saketa' ko lokottara bhI kahA hai / pratyeka ullAsa ke prArambhika padyoM meM isI prakAra ke kucha na kucha bhAva prakaTa kie haiM kintu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki ye kisI prakAra ke abhimAna se vyApta the| inhoMne apanI namratA bhI bar3e acche zabdoM meM vyakta kI hai| yathA norandhra viSamaprameyaviTapi-vAtAvakoNe sadA, tasmiMstarkapathe yatheSTagamanA jajJe yadIyA matiH // 8 // yasmAt prApya pRthuprasAda-vizavA vidyopadezAtmikA, patrI muktikarImatIva jaDatA-vastvanvitA manmatiH / vikSipya bhramazolkikAt kalayato labdhAzrayaM mAnase, medhye vAGmaya-pattanaM pravizati dvAri sthitA tatkSaraNAt // 6 // madamadanatuSArakSepapUSA vibhUSA, jinavadanasarojAvAsivAgIzvarIyAH / yumukhamakhilatarkagranthapaGka ruhAraNAM, tadanu samajani zrIsAgarendurmunIndraH / / 10 // 1. isa padya meM nAnApantha-samupati' vAle aMza ko dekhakara DaoN. satyavrata siMha (hindI 'zazikalA ke vyAkhyAnakAra) ne upodghAta' (pR. 2) meM yaha likhA hai ki TIkA ke racayitA kI ukti isa bAta kA saMketa karatI hai ki sambhavata: isa TIkA ke pahale bhI kAvyaprakAza-sambandhI kucha sAhitya racA jA cukA thaa|' kintu yaha tarkasaGgata nahIM hai kyoM ki isase aisA koI bhAva prakaTa nahIM hotaa|

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62 vaidheyena vidhIyate kathamaho saGketakRt sAhasam / ( prArambha pa. 2.) 1 doSAnmativibhramAcca yadarthahonaM likhitaM mayA'tra / tatsarvamAyaiH parizodhanIyaM prAyeNa muhyanti hi ye likhanti // (antima bhAga padya 1) isa prakAra 'saGketa' kI racanA dvArA prAcArya mANikyacandra sUri ne jahAM 'kAvyaprakAza ke prArambhika TIkA 1. samagra padya isa prakAra hai nAnAgrantha-catuSpatheSu nibhRtIbhUyoccayaM kurvatA, prAptaMrakaraNa: kiyadbhirabhitaH prajJadhizUnyAtmanA / sarvAlaGkRti - mAla bhUSaraNamaraNau 'kAvya - prakAze' mayA, vaidhayena vidhIyate kathamaho saGketakRta sAhasam // 2 // tathA vahIM yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki yaha TIkA apanI anusmRti, jaDopakAra evaM cittavinoda ke lie banA rahA hU~, anya kisI kAraNa se nahIM / na prAggranthakRtAM yazo'dhigataye nA'pi jJatA- khyAtaye, sphUrjadabuddhijuSAM na cApi viduSAM satprItivisphItaye / prakrAnto'yamupakramaH khalu mayA kiM tarhya gardhyakrama, svasyAnusmRtaye jaDopakRtaye cetovinodAya ca // 3 // ( TIkA kA prArambha bhAga ) isI prakAra pratyeka ullAsa ke prArambha meM apanI TIkA 'saGketa' kA mahattva dikhalAte hue likhe gaye nimna padya bhI darzanIya haiM samyakzabdavibhAgazrIsteSAM na syAdavIyasI / paricyutA na saGketAd yeSAM matinitambinI || - tRtIya ullAsa manovRtte ! moktuM nibiDajaDimoDhA'pi paritaH, parasmai cet kAvyAdbhutaparimalAya spRhayasi / samud vaidagdhyadhvani subhagasarvArthajanane, tadA saGkete'sminnavahitavatIM sUtraya ratim // - caturtha ullAsa saGketagamane dattAM manaH sumanasAM janaH / dhvaniryatra guNIbhUtaH zrotrAnandI nirUpitaH // . - paJcama ullAsa saGketatireSaiva jJAnazrIbhuktaye'dbhutA / varNanAviSayIcakre yatra vANIgatadhvaniH // SaSTha ullAsa saGketavartmanA'nena samyagghaTanatatparAH / madayanti vidagdhAnAM manAMsi sumano giraH || -saptama ullAsa araNI kAvyaprakAzasya guNatasvavivecinI / saGketenaiva ghaTate yadi kasyApi dhImataH // -bhraSTama ullAsa guNAnapekSiNI yasminnarthAlaGkAratatparA / prauDhApi jAyate buddhiH saGketaH so'yamadbhutaH // - navama ullAsa

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kAra' hone kA sUyaza ajita kiyA hai, vahIM kAtyaprakAza ke vibhinna TIkAkAroM meM 'prathama jaina TIkAkAra' hone kA gaurava bhI sahaja prApta kiyA hai / inakI isa TokA ne anya TokAnoM kA dvAra kholA aura TIkAmArgAnuyAyiyoM kA patha prazasta kiyaa|' inakI anya racanAe~ 'pArzvanAthacarita' tathA 'ratnAyana' athavA 'kuberapurANa' haiN| katipaya vidvAnoM ne 'saGkata' TIkA ke uddharaNoM aura racanA-prakriyA ke AdhAra para rucaka aura ruyyaka ko eka hI mAnakara pahale TIkAkAra rucaka, dvitIya somezvara aura tatIya mANikya candra yaha krama svIkAra kiyA hai| isakA samarthana sarvAdhika rUpa se somezvara ke 'kAvyAdarza, kAvyaprakAza saGkata' ke sampAdaka zrI rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha ne tulanA ke lie (1) rucaka aura somezvara tathA (2) somezvara aura mANikyacandra ke pAThAMzoM kA kramika cayana karate hae paraspara eka-dUsare kA sambandha aura grAhya-grAhaka-bhAva vyakta kiyA hai| unakA kathana hai ki rucaka se somezvara ne pAThAMza lekara vistRta kie haiM aura somezvara ke pAThAMzoM se mAriNakyacandra ne apanI TIkA ko samRddha kiyA hai| mANikyacandra sari::prathama TokAkAra 1. kintu yaha cintana athavA aisI sthiti saMskRta-sAhitya meM navIna nahIM hai / aise aneka grantha aura TIkAeM haiM jinameM yahI sthiti hai aura unake nAmollekha, kAlanirdeza prAdi ke abhAva meM vicAraka aneka kalpanAe~ karate rahe haiN| bhAravi ke anukaraNa para 'zizupAla-vadha' kA kavana to mAnya hai hI, kintu siMhala sthita kumAradAsa kA usI ke samAna usI kAla meM racita 'jAnakIharaNa' anukaraNa kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? jaba ki yAtAyAta sauvidhya nahIM thaa| aise aura bhI dRSTAnta mila jAte haiM / ataH kAlidAsa kI yaha ukti-tato gRhItaM nu mRgAGganAbhistayA gRhItaM tu mRgAGganAbhya: ?' yaha kahanA kaThina hI hai| 2. isake viparIta kavizekhara badrInAtha jhA ne apanI bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki yattu kAzmIrika-rAjAnakatilakasUnunA malakasya guruNA'laGkArasarvasvakAreNa ruyyakeraNAyaM saGkata: kRta iti kenacillikhitam, taccintanIyameva, zabdazleSanirUpaNe navame, zabdAlaGkArasaGkaranirUparaNe vyatirekAlaGkAra-nirUpaNe ca dazame kAvyaprakAzollAse ruyyakamatasya mammaTena nirAkRtatvAd, ruyyakasya mammaTAt prAcInatvAt / (gokulanAthopAdhyAya kRta vivaraNa sahita-kAvyaprakAza, sarasvatI bhavana-granthamAlA 86 vArANaseya saM0 vi0 vi0) isake AdhAra para ruyyaka mammaTa se pUrvavartI mAne gaye haiM / 3. ma0ma0 pI0 vI0 kAraNe ke 'saMskRta kAvyazAstra kA itihAsa' grantha hindI saM0 pR0 344-45 meM bhI yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai kintu vahA~ nirNaya apUrNa hI hai| tatha 1. rucaka aura ruyyaka eka hI haiM yA nahIM? isa kA jayaratha kI paMkti ke atirikta koI pramANa nahIM hai| 2. ruyyaka ke pAlaMkArika aMza mammaTa ne lie haiM, ataH ruyyaka mammaTa se pUrvavartI haiM / 3. TIkAMzoM ke saMkSepa-vistAra tathA sAmya uparyukta krama kI apekSA viparIta krama se bhI ho sakate haiM / 4. Alocya vicAroM kA sAmya aura eka kAlAvacchinna cintana vAtAvaraNa ke anusAra hote haiN| ata: ruyyaka ne jo bAta kAzmIra meM rahate hue socI vahI vaisI hI gujarAta 1. isa 'saGkata' TIkA kA prakAzana 'pAnandAzrama mudraNAlaya, pUnA' se 1921 I0 meM granthAGka 86 ke rUpa meM tathA 'maisUrurAjakIya granthamAlA' ke granthAMka 60 ke rUpa meM 1922 I0 meM huA thaa| prakAzana kI bhUmikA / ma0ma0 abhyaGkarazAstrI ne likhI hai| 2. 'pArzvanAtha carita' meM dI gaI vaMzAvalI aura 'saMketa' kI vaMzAvalI meM sAmya hai|

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4 maiM mANikyacandra ne aura kAnyakubja meM somezvara ne socI hogI, yaha bhI sambhava hai| rucaka, ruyyaka aura somezvara ke sthitikAla kalpanArUDha pora vAdagrasta haiM jaba ki mANikyacandra kA samaya nizcita hai ataH hama inheM hI prathama TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM yahA~ mAna rahe haiM / [2] kAvya-prakAza saGketa rAjAnaka ( rucaka) ruyyaka (san 1135-60 I0 anumAnita ) rAjanaka mammaTa ke hI deza kAzmIra meM rAjAnaka rucaka ne kAvyaprakAza para yaha usa deza ke nivAsiyI meM pahalI TIkA likhI hai| rucaka ke nAma ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM kucha matabheda hai| yaha matabheda isaliye utpanna huA hai ki 'alaGkara ra sarvasva' ke TIkAkAra jayaratha ne upasaMhAra meM - 'rAjAnakaruyyakasya rAjAnakarucakAparanAmno'laGkArasarvasvakRtaH ityAdi paMkti likhI hai aura isase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki 'rAjAnaka ruyyaka' hI 'rAjAnaka rucaka' haiM aura sAtha hI zAradAdezavAsI hone tathA IsA kI bArahavIM zatI kA madhyabhAga (1135 - 11603.) inakA sthitikAla hone ke kAraNa rucaka yaka hI kAvyaprakAza ke sarvaprathama TIkAkAra bhI mAne gaye haiN| dUsarA pakSa isa bAta ko nahIM mAnatA hai| isa pakSa kA kahanA hai ki 'ruyyaka maura rucaka eka nahIM hai|' isake samarthana meM unakA kathana hai ki ruyaka ke matoM kA ullekha aura unakI samAlocanA svayaM mammaTa ne kI hai| ataH ruyyaka mammaTa se pUrvavartI haiN| aise hI kucha prAdhAroM para aba taka yaha anizcita hI hai ki rucaka aura ruyyaka meM se kisI yaha TIkA hai ? adhika pakSa ruvaka ko svatantra mAnane vAloM kA hai| zrI rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha ne somezvara ke kAvyAdarza ko rucaka kA upajIvya siddha kiyA hai| isa dRSTi se ye somezvara se pUrvavartI haiN| inakA maGagalAcaraNa evaM upakramasUcaka pakSa isa prakAra haiM pena zivaleSo mAlevvasurasubhruvAm / nAsAcyaMyevA''zu sa zubhAyAstu yaH zivaH / / (bhArambha ) jJAtvA dhItilakAt sarvAlaGkAropaniSadasam / kAvyaprakAzasa to rakhakeneha likhyate || ( prata ) isa saMketa meM pramukha - pramukha aMzoM para saGketAtmaka TipparagI dI gaI hai / rucaka ne hI kAvyaprakAza ke antima padya 'ityeSa mArgoM viduSAM vibhinno' ityAdi para TippaNI karate hue likhA hai ki "mahAmatInAM prasarakhahetureva pratyo granthakRtA kathamapyasamAptatvAt pareNa ca pUritAvazeSatvAd dvikhaNDo 'pyakhaNDatA yadavamAsate tatra saGghaTanaiva sAdhvI hetu na hi sughaTitasya sandhibandhaH kadAcillakSyata ityarthazaktyA dhvanyate / " isase kAvyaprakAza kI mahattA aura dvikartRkatA para prakAza par3atA hai| subodhya banAnA hI inakA lakSya rahA hai tathApi rucaka ne bhAmaha, udbhaTa, khaTa prAdi ke yatratatra mammaTa kI prAlocanA bhI kI hai| vivezya aMzoM ko saMketarUpa meM mantathyoM ko puraskRta karate hue isa TIkA kA prakAzana paM. zivaprasAda bhaTTAcArya ke sampAdakatva meM kalakattA ghorieNTala jarnala 1934-15 1. paM0 vAmanAcArya bhalakakara tathA kavizekhara badrInAtha bhA prabhRti kA yahI prabhimata hai|

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bhAga 2 meM tathA DaoN.pAra. sI. dvivedI sampAdita 'di poiTika lAiTa' bhAga 2 ke pariziSTa meM 'motIlAla banArasIdAsa dillI' ne 1970 I. meM kiyA hai| [ 3 ] kAvyAdarza-saGkata- somezvara bhaTTa ( san 1225 I0 anumAnita ) ye bharadvAjavaMzIya bhaTTa devaka ke putra the| inakI TIkA meM kisI prAcIna TIkAkAra kA nAmollekha nahIM huA hai| kevala bhaTTanAyaka, mukula, bhaTTatota, rudraTa tathA bhAmaha jaise svatantra granthakAroM ke nAma milate haiN| saMskRta-sAhitya ke itihAsa meM somezvara nAmaka mImAMsaka tathA naiyAyika vidvAnoM ke nAma bhI Ate haiM kintu unameM se ye kaunase haiM yaha nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jhalakIkarajI ne kAvyaprakAza ke saptama ullAsa kI 'evaM dezakAlavayojAtyAdInAM' ityAdi paMkti kI vyAkhyA meM 'yathA kAnyakubjadeze uddhato veSo dAruNo vyavahAraH' ityAdi ke AdhArapara inheM kAnyakubja kA nivAsI mAnA hai| prastuta TIkA kA sampAdana karate hue zrI rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha ne inakI TIkA ke uddharaNoM se rucaka ke tathA mANikyacandra ke saMketoM se sAmya evaM pUrvAparabhAva nizcita kiyA hai| tadanusAra ye rucaka se prabhAvita the / ata: inakA samaya rucaka ke bAda kA hI hai| ma. ma. kANe ne 'kAvyAdarzasaMketa' kI eka pANDulipi jo ki bhAU dAjI ke saMgraha meM hai, usakA lekhanakAla vi0 saM0 1283 batAyA hai aura likhA hai ki yaha prati kisI anya prati se utArI gaI hai| isake anusAra isa TIkA kA samaya 1225 I0 ThaharatA hai| kintu yaha sarvamAnya sthitikAla nahIM bana pAyA hai| inakI kisI anya racanA kA bhI patA nahIM calA hai kintu inake dvArA 7veM aura 10veM ullAsa meM 'mamaMva' aisA sUcita kie hue do sUryastuti sambandhI padyoM se anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki ye acche kavi bhI the aura inhoMne sUrya-sambandhI koI nATaka athavA stotra likhA hogaa| isa TIkA kA sampAdana vibhinna pariziSToM ke sAtha prA0 rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha ne 1956 I0 meM kiyA hai tathA 'rAjasthAna prAcya vidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura (rAjasthAna)' do bhAgoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai| [ 4 ] bAlacittAnuraujanI- (narahari) sarasvatI tIrtha ( san 1241-42 I0 ) .. 'zrIsarasvatI tIrtha ke pUrvaja Andhrapradeza ke 'tribhUvanagiri' nAmaka gAMva ke nivAsI the| inakA 'vatsa' gotra thaa| inake kula meM paramparA se vividha zAstroM kA adhyayana-adhyApana hotA rahatA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma 'mallinAtha' (raghuvaMza Adi kAvyoM ke TIkAkAra kolAcala-mallinAtha se bhinna) tathA mAtA kA nAma 'nAgammA' thaa| ye somayAjI the| mallinAtha aura nAgammA ke kramazaH nArAyaNa tathA narahari do putra hue| nArAyaNa eka acche vidvAna aura dhanadhAnya se samRddha the| dvitIya putra narahari kA janma san 1242 I0 meM huaa| narahari vidyAdhyayana ke lie kAzI gae aura vahAM aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA tathA paripakva jJAna ke phalasvarUpa saMsAra ko asAratA jAna kara vahIM saMnyAsa grahaNa kara liyaa| saMnyAsa Azrama meM inakA nAma 'sarasvatI tIrtha' ho gyaa| tabhI aApane kAvya-prakAza kI 'bAlacittAnuraJjanI' 1. upalabdha pANDulipi ke anta meNbhrdvaajkulottNsbhttttdevksuununaa| somezvareNa racitaH kAvyAdarzaH sumedhasA // smpuurnnshc..."| saMvat 1283 varSe prASADhavadi 12 zanI likhitamiti // aisA likhA hai|

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TIkA kA nirmANa kiyaa| prastuta TIkA ke prArambha aura anta ke padyoM meM yaha saba spaSTarUpa se padyavara rUpa meM prati hA hai| inhoMne 'smRtidarpaNa' nAmaka dharmazAstra grantha aura 'taratna' evaM usakI 'dIpikA' TIkA kI racanAeM kI kI thiiN| 1. apanA paricaya isa TIkA ke prArambha meM isa prakAra diyA hai viSAtakAmaH sukRtaM garIyaH, kSamAtalaM svarga ivAvatIrNaH / mAlambanaM sarvavizeSaNAnAM, jayatyakhaNDasthitirAndhravezaH // 5 // phalamiva sukRtAnA lokaSAcyA samagraM, vigalitamiva mamo nAkalokasya khaNDam / nagaramatigarIyaH sarvasaMsArasArastribhuvanagirinAmnA tatra vikhyAtamAste // 6 // tatrAmavat sakalazAstravicArapAtraM, shriivtsgotrsurkaannpaarijaatH|| anyavidhAtaravalambanamAptavAcA, rAmezvaraH kalikalaGkakathAntarAyaH // 7 // prAsIta pramANapadavAkyavicArazIla:, sAhityasUktivisinIkalarAjahaMsaH / brahmAmRtagraharaNanATitalomavRttistasyAtmajo nipuraNadhInarasiMhamaTTaH // 8 // tasmAdacintyamahimA mahanIyakoti: zrImallinAtha iti mAnyagurago babhUva / / yaH somayAgavidhinA kalikhaNDanAbhiradvaitasiddhimiva satyayugaM cakAra // 6 // lakSmoriva murArAte: purArAterivAmbikA / tasya dharmavayUrAsonnAgammeti guraNojjvalA / / 10 / / jyeSThastadIyatanayo vinayoditazrInArAyaNo'bhavadazeSanarendramAnyaH / / vAgdevatAkamalayorapi yasya gAtre sImAvivAdakalaho na kadApi zAntaH // 11 // viriJceH paryAyo bhuvi sadavatAraH phariNapatestridoSo doSAraNA sakalaguNamAriNakyajalaSiH / avAcAM prAcAM vA sakalaviduSAM maulikusuma, kanIyAMstatsUnurjayati nayazAlI narahariH // 12 // savasugrahahastena (1268) brahmaNA samalaGa kRte / kAle naraharejanma kasya nAsInmanoramaH // 13 // tatkAle saha maGgalena guruNA mitreNa lebhe vaNigarAzistu pramadAzrayeNa samabhUducca: sakAvyo budhaH / sasketuH zubhahetave dvijapatirjAtaH kulorAgato, maitraH zAntimayaM dadhAra kalazaM janmotsavADambare // 14 // .. vicArya sarva sukhameva duHkhaM, sudhAmaye brahmaNi lolupasya / saMnyasyatastasya babhUva sArthA, "sarasvatItIrtha' iti prasiddhiH // 15 // tarke karkazakelinA balavatAM vedAntavidhArase, momAMsAguNamAMsalena paritaH saaNkhye'pysngkhyoktinaa| sAhityAmRtasAgareNa phaNino vyAkhyAsu vidyAvatA, kAzyAM tena mahAzayena kimapi brahmAmRtaM pIyate // 16 // kAzyAM sarasvatItIrthayatinA tena racyate / TokA kAvyaprakAzasya bAlacittAnuraJjanI // 17 // isI prakAra TIkA ke anta meM likhA hai ki paJca klezAnajaSurjagati sukRtinA duzcarye tapobhiyeSAM ceto ravinde sa kila puraharo vAsamaGgIcakAra /

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prastuta TIkA meM kisI anya TIkAkAra kA ullekha nahIM hai / kevala AThaveM ullAsa meM "rAjA bhono guNAnAha vizati caturazca yAn / " vAmano daza tAn vAgmI bhaTTastrIneva bhAmahaH // " yaha ullekha kiyA hai / ataH isakI prAcInatA niHsandigdha hai| isa TIkA kA kevala eka aMza (1-2-3 tathA 10 u0 para) 'kAvya-prakAza' ke esa0 esa0 sukhaTaNa kara sampAdita saMskaraNa ke antargata bambaI se 1633, 1941 meM prakAzita hai| pANDulipi ke uddharaNa pITarsana kI riporTa meM bhAga 1, pR074 tathA IOC, bhAga 3 pR0 225 ityAdi meM chape haiM / [5] kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA-purohita jayanta bhaTaT (san 1264 I0 racanAkAla) ye gujarAta ke nareza sAraGgadeva ke mahAmAtya, purohita zrIbharadvAja bhaTTa ke putra the| inake pitA zruti, smRti darzana, sAhitya Adi viSayoM ke pUrNa jJAtA aura gurjarezvara se paryApta sammAna prApta the / jayanta bhaTTa ne 'kAvya-prakAzadIpikA' meM kahIM-kahIM mukula bhaTTa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| anya kisI TokAkAra kA nAma nahIM AyA hai| inhoMne apanA paricaya dIpikA ke anta meM isa prakAra diyA hai saMvat 1350 varSe jyeSThavadi 3 ravau, adheha prAzApallI-samAvAsita-zrImadvijayakaTake sakalArAti-bhUpAlamaulimukuTAlaGkArabhUSita-pAdapaGkaja-mahArAjAdhirAjazrIsAraGgadevakalyANavijayarAjye sAhityabisinIvikAsanakabhAskarasya sakalAlaGkAraviveka-caturamAnasamAnasarAjahaMsasya SaTdarzanapArAvAra-potAyamAnAvAntarapratibhAnimajjanaka-mahApotasya nikhilapurANapurANIkRtamArgataravidvajjanamano'jJAnamahAndhakArasaMhArasahasrakarasya zrutismRtimahArthanirdhAntavibhrAntavidvajjanamano'jJAnatimiraparihAracandrodayasya zrImadgurjaramaNalezamukuTAlaGkAra-pramAparicumbanabahulIkRta-caraNanakhakirakhasya mahAmAtya-purohitazrImadabharadvAjasyAGgabhuvA purohitazrIjayantabhaTTana sakalasudhIjanamano'jJAnatimiravinAzakAraNaM viraciteyaM kaavyprkaashdiipikaa'| tathA-zrImadabharadvAja-padAmbujIyaprasAdato grantharahasyametat / vijJAya kiJcit kRtavAnu jayantastatra pramANaM sudhiyAM vitrkH|| . isa prakAra prastuta TIkA kI racanA kA uddezya bhI "vidvAnoM ke mana para vidyamAna ajJAnatamaHpaTala ko dUra karamA" batAyA gayA hai| yeSAM pAdAravinde smRtirapi jaDatAhAriNI dehabhAjAM, teSTIkeyaM sarasvatyupapadavilasattIrthasaMjJairakAri // 1 // sAhityakamudakAnananidrAvidrANayAminInAthAH / kAvyaprakAzaTokAM vyarIraste sarasvatItIrthAH / / 2 / evaM sarasvatItIrthayatinA tena nirmitA / TIkA kAvyaprakAzasya mude syAdviduSAM ciram // 3 // 1. ye sAraGgadeva-zAGgadeva tRtIya baghelA samrATa the| inhoMne paTTana meM 1277-1267 I0 taka rAjya kiyA thaa| dra0 bhaNDArakara riporTa, 1883-84 pR0 11-18 / pITarsana riporTa bhAga 2 pR0 17, 20 /

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isa TIkA ke anya nAma 'dIpaka' aura 'jayantI' bhI haiN| paramAnanda cakravartI tathA ratnakaNTha ne jayanta bhaTTa ko ullekha kiyA hai| ratnakaNTha kA to kathana bhI hai ki maiMne apanI TIkA 'jayantI' ke AdhAra para likhI hai| kAvyaprakAza ke prArambhika TIkAkAroM meM jayanta bhaTTa kA bhI vizeSa mahattva hai| isa TIkA kA saMkSipta sAra bhANDArakara kI riporTa 1883-84 ke pariziSTa pRSTha 326 meM upalabdha hai| [6] kAvyaprakAza-viveka- zrIdhara Thakkura' tarkAcArya ( terahavIM zatI I0 kA prathama caraNa) . tarkAcArya zrIdhara Thakkura maithila brAhmaNa the| inakA sthitikAla IsavIya terahavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa mAnA gayA hai| ye tIrabhUkti ke zAsaka zivasiMhadeva ke 'sandhivigrahika' the| inake sambandha meM kucha paricaya mithilAtattvavimarza, tIrabhukti kA itihAsa tathA 'rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI, kalakattA' meM sthita 'kAvyaprakAza-viveka kI antima puSpikA "samasta-virudAvalI virAjamAna-mahArAjAdhirAja-zrIzivasiMhabhujyamAna, tIrabhukto gajarathapure satprakriyasapAdhyAya-vidyApatInAmAjJayA khauvAlasaM-zrIdevazarma-valiyAsasaM-zrIprabhAkarAbhyAM likhitaMSA pustI, la. : sa. 261, (saM0 1366) iti / " meM prApta nirdeza se jJAta hotA hai| zrIdhara Thakkura ne bhaneka zAstrIya tattvoM para apane vicAra bhI vyakta kiye haiM, jinakI samAlocanA ke lie uttaravartI TIkAkAroM ko avasara milA hai| 'viveka' kI eka pANDulipi 1405 I0 meM mithilA meM taiyAra kI gaI thii| (zAstrI keTa. ASB. MSS. vi, cclxxi-) isI pANDulipi ke pRSThAnta vivaraNa meM 'tarkAcArya Thakkura' aisA ullekha hai / caNDIdAsa tathA vizvanAtha ne 'sandhi-vigrahika' upAdhi ke sAtha zrIdhara kA ullekha kiyA hai / ata: zrI suzIlakumAra De ne bhI inakA samaya 13vIM zatI I0 kA prathama caraNa mAnA hai| yaha TIkA bhI prAcInatara hai| isakA prakAzana 'caukhambA saMskRta sIrija, vArANasI' se abhI-abhI huA hai| isase pUrva yaha paM0 zivaprasAda bhaTTAcArya ke sampAdakatva meM saMskRta kAleja, kalakattA' se 1656 I0 meM 1.4 ullAsa sahita prathama bhAga ke rUpa meM prakAzita huI thii| [7 ] kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA- mahAmahopAdhyAya zrI caNDIdAsa ( san 1270 I0 ke nikaTa ) ye utkalavAsI kApijalavaMzIya vilAsadAsa ke putra the| 'kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA kI kalakattAsthita 'rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI' kI 3767 saMkhyaka pANDulipi meM dI huI puSpikA-"iti kApiJjala-kulatilaka-SaDdarzanIyacakravati-mahAkavicakracUDAmariNa - sahRdayagoSThIgariSTha-mahAmahopAdhyAya-mahApAtra- zrIcaNDIdAsakRtakAvyaprakAzadIpikAyAm" se inakA paricaya kucha aMzoM meM prApta hotA hai| isI vaMza meM vizvanAtha kavirAja kA. bhI janma huA thaa| caNDIdAsa ke pitAmaha nArAyaNadAsa the,' jinakA ullekha vizvanAtha ne bhI 'sAhitya-darpaNa' meM kiyA hai| inhIM AdhAroM para ye vizvanAtha ke prapitAmaha ke anuja ke putra mAne gaye haiM / 1. inhoMne trikaliMga ke rAjA narasiMha ke darabAra meM dharmadatta ko parAjita kiyA thaa| isakI racanA lekhaka ne apane mitra lakSmaNa bhaTTa ke anurodha para kI thii| prastuta dIpikA meM (pR0 168 para) khamanakRta kA ullekha hai|

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prastuta TIkA ke nirmANa ko hetu TIkAkAra ne - kAvyaprakAzatarureSa kusampradAya-vyAkhyA-vilolamarudAkulitapratAnaH / siktaH punazca pratipallavatAmapaMtu, zrIcaNDidAsakavivAgamRtaprapAhai / / ityAdi kathana dvArA "durvyAkhyAoM ke kAraNa kAvyaprakAzarUpI vRkSa kA sUkhanA dekhakara use puna: sikta karanA" batalAyA hai|' isa TIkA ke (DaoN0 De ke anusAra) mukhyataH ur3iyA, maithilI aura vArANasI ke lekhakoM ne-jinameM narasiMha Thakkura, kamalAkara, govinda, vaidyanAtha aura nAgojI bhaTTa haiM, apanI-apanI kAvya-prakAza kI TIkAnoM meM tathA vizvezvara ke 'alaGkAra-kaustubha' meM uddharaNa diye haiN| isa TIkA kI iNDiyA Aphisa meM jo pANDulipi hai, vaha baMgalA-lipi meM haiN| caNDIdAsa ne svaracita 'dhvanisiddhAnta' tathA 'sAhityahRdayadarpaNa saMgraha' grantha kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| isakA prakAzana (do bhAgoM meM) paM0 zivaprasAda bhaTTAcArya ke sampAdakatva meM vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya se 1638 I0 meM huA hai / isameM 'iNDiyA Aphisa, landana tathA kolabuka-saMgraha kA bhI upayoga huA hai| [8] sAhitya-cUDAmaNi- lauhitya bhaTTa gopAla sUri ( 13vIM zatI I0 ) ye bhaTTa gopAla ke nAma se paricita evaM bhAnudatta kI 'rasamaJjarI' aura rudra ke 'zRGgAratilaka' ke TIkAkAra harivaMza bhaTTa dravir3a ke putra aura nasiMha bhaTTa ke pautra haiN|2 vAmana ke kAvyAlaGkAra-sUtra kI gopendra tippabhUpAla' (1428.46 I0) kRta 'kAmadhenu' TIkA meM kaI bAra inakA ullekha huyA hai| isa AdhAra para inakA samaya 13vIM zatI kA mAnA jA sakatA hai| eka anya mAnyatA ke anusAra ye bhaTTa gopAla rasa tathA bhAva ke lokapriya lekhaka 'bhAva-prakAzana' ke racayitA zAradAtanaya ke pitA the / zAradAtanaya ke svayaMlikhita vivaraNa ke anusAra inakA gotra kAzyapa thA / inakA nivAsa sthAna 1. DaoN0 De ne bhI 'hisTrI prApha saMskRta poiTiksa' meM TIkA kI racanA kA uddezya-'apane mitra lakSmaNa bhaTTa kA anurodha batAyA hai / isI prakAra eca0pI0 zAstrI keTalaoNga (ASB. MSS. Vi CCIXvi) ne 'dIpikA' ke lekhaka caNDIdAsa ke viSaya meM eka vicitra jAnakArI dI hai / jisake anusAra 'ye baMgAla ke nivAsI (mukhakula) meM utpanna the| inakA parivAra gaGgAtaTa para uddharaNapura se cAra mIla pazcima meM 'ketugrAma' nAmaka sthAna para rahatA thaa| zAstrIjI ke matAnusAra caNDIdAsa kA sAhitya-racanA kAla 15vIM zatI kA madhyabhAga athavA kucha pahale thaa|' 2. kumArasvAmI (vidyAnAtha kI ekAvalI kI TIkA ratnAparaNa ke kartA) aura ke0 pI0 trivedI ke anusAra / 3. inake dUsare nAma 'govinda' athavA svakathita nAma ke anusAra 'tirapurahara' bhI haiN| 4. ma0 ma0 kANe ne inakA samaya 1750 I0 ke lagabhaga mAnA hai| de0pU0505, tathA pR0 546 para vahIM 'sAhitya-caDAmaNi' ke lekhaka bhaTTa gopAla kA nAma dekara likhA hai ki-'pustaka meM lekhaka ne 'pradIpakRta sAhityadarpaNazrIpAda' kA ullekha kiyA hai| racanAkAla saMvat 1640; jaba ki lekhaka 16 varSa ke the| 5. prAryAvartAhayeze sphIto janapado mahAn / 'mehattara' iti khyAtastasya dkssinnmaagtH| prAmo mATharapUjyAkhyo dvijasAhasrasammitaH / tatra 'lakSmaNa'nAmAsIdvipraH kAzyapavaMzajaH / /

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70 AryAvarta athavA uttara bhArata ke merUttara pradeza ke antargata 'mATharapUjA' grAma thA / bhaTTa gopAla ke pitA kA nAma kRSNa (?) tathA pitAmaha kA nAma lakSmaNa bhaTTa thA / lakSmaNa bhaTTa veda ke parama vidvAn the aura unhoMne vedabhUSaNa' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| kAzI meM rahate hue lakSmaNa bhaTTa ne bhagavAn vizvanAtha kI upAsanA ke phalasvarUpa pautra yA putra (?) prApta kiyA jisakA nAma 'gopAla' rakhA gyaa| ye Age calakara aSTAdaza vidyAnoM meM pAraGgata hae aura inhIMne kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA likhI hai| isa TIkA kA prakAzana Ara0 harihara zAstrI tathA ke0 sAmba sadAziva zAstrI dvArA (do khaNDoM meM saMskRta sIrija se 1626 tathA 1630 I0 meM huA hai| [ 8 ] tatva-parIkSA (?)- subuddhi mizra ( terahavIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) . kAvyaprakAza kI 'narasiMhamanISA, sArasamuccaya, vistArikA evaM nyAyAcArya yazovijayajI upAdhyAya ko TIkA tathA sudhAsAgarI meM subuddhimizra kA kAvya-prakAza ke TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM smaraNa aura samAlocana huA hai| pITarsana ne apanI dUsarI riporTa (pR0 17) meM isakI carcA kI hai| isI AdhAra para inakA samaya terahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha mAnA jAtA hai| inakA mithilA ke pajIprabandha meM nAma na hone se ye maithila nahIM the aisA bhI anumAna kiyA jAtA hai| narasiMhamanISA meM iti subuddheH kaubuddhayamapAstam' kahakara tucchatA vyakta kI gaI hai jaba ki upAdhyAyajI kI TIkA meM prAyaH pATha bAra 'subuddhimidhAstu' kaha kara inake matoM kA ullekha tathA Avazyaka AlocanA Adi kI gaI hai| AphekTa ABOD 208a, IOC iii, 1130/566 pR0 326' ne subuddhimizra ko 'subuddhimizra-mahezvara' kahA hai / unake isa prakAra ke varNana se tathA haoNla (vAsavadattA kI bhUmikA pR. 54) ke kathana se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha zabda 'mahezvara' na hokara 'mAhezvara' hai aura abhinava gupta tathA vidyAdhara kI taraha zeva-lekhaka ko parilakSita karatA hai| ataH subuddhi mizra kA 'mahezvara' athavA 'mAhezvara' gotranAma rahA hogaa| AphekTa ne hI subuddhi mitra ko vAmana ke 'kAvyAlaGkArasUtra' para 'sAhitya-sarvasva' nAmaka TIkA kA racayitA mAnA hai| pITarsana ne (ii, pR0 17 meM ) inake tatvaparIkSA' athavA 'zabdArthatattva-parIkSA' grantha yA TIkA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| [10] kAvya-prakAza-darpaNa- vizvanAtha kavirAja ( 1325 se 1375 I0 ) utkala nivAsI vizvanAtha mahAkavi candrazekhara ke putra the| kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA meM vizvanAtha ne triMzatA kratubhiviSNu toSayAmAsa vedavit / vedAnAM bhASyamakaronnAmnA yo vedamUSaNam / tasya zrIkRSNanAmAsIt putraH kRSNa ivAparaH / vedAnadhItya nikhilAna zAstrANyapyakhilAni ca // sa putrArthI mahAdevaM vArANasyAmatoSayat / tasyAsId 'bhaTTagopAla' nAmA sUnuH sulocanaH / / aSTAzadasu vidyAsu bahuzaH sa kRtazramaH / upAsya zAradAdevI putro lebhe guNottaram // (bhAvaprakAzana, zAradAtanaya) 1. DaoN. esa. ke. De ne, 'saMskRta kAvyazAstra ke itihAsa, bhAga 1 pR0 148 meM tathA pro0 bAbUlAla zukla ne 'hindI nATyazAstra' bhAga 1 kI bhUmikA pR0 36-37 meM isa viSaya kI carcA kI hai jinameM paraspara kucha bheda hai 2. DaoN. pI. vI. kAraNe ne TIkA kA nAma 'tattvaparIkSA' hI mAnA hai| 'draSTavya saMskRta kAvyazAstra kA itihAsa' (anu0 DaoN. indracandra zAstrI) 0 516 / 3. zrIcandrazekharamahAkavicandrasUnu-zrIvizvanAthakavirAjakRtaM pravandham / yaha sAhityadarpaNa meM kahA gayA hai|

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71 nArAyaNa ko 'prasmatapitAmaha' kahA hai jaba ki sAhitya-darpaNa meM 'asmad vaddhapitAmaha' kahA hai| 'eSAM ca SoDazAnAM lakSaNAbhedAnAmiha darzitAnyudAharaNAni mama 'sAhityadapaNe'vagantavyAni' tathA 'anumAna' alaGkAra ke viSaya meM-'taduktaM matkRte sAhityadarpaNe' ityAdi kAvyaprakAzadarpaNa' meM kahe gae vAkyoM ke anusAra prastuta TIkA kA nirmANa sAhityadarpaNa kI racanA ke pazcAta hI hayA hai| inakA samaya aneka UhApohoM ke AdhAra para ma. ma. kANe tathA esa0 ke0 De ne 1300 se 1350 I0 mAnA hai jaba ki ma0ma0 durgAprasAda ne (sAhityadarpaNa kI bhUmikA meM) sAhityadarpaNa kI racanA 13:5 I0 meM mAnI hai| ye trikaligezvara ke sAndhivigrahika the tathA inhoMne1-rAghavavilAsa-mahAkAvya 2-prabhAvatI-pariNaya 3-kuvalayAzvacarita-prAkRta kAvya 4-caMdrakalA-nATikA 5-prazastiratnAvalI-SoDazabhASAmayI 6-sAhityadarpaNa-kAvyazAstra 7-narasiMhavijaya-kAvya 8-kAvyaprakAzadarpaNa-TIkA Adi pATha granthoM kI racanA kI thii| prastuta darpaNa TIkA meM vizvanAtha ke lie 'saGgIta-vidyA-vidyAdhara', 'kalAvidyA-mAlatI-madhukara' tathA vividhavidyArNavakarNadhAra' jaise vizeSaNoM kA prayoga huA hai| prastuta TIkA meM hI, caNDIdAsa, zrIdhara aura vAcaspati mitha Adi ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| yahIM prArambha aura anta bhAga meM vizvanAtha ne likhA hai ki -- prArambha-pramAtRpramANaprameyaprapaJca-prasati pramiNvanti yAM yogivryaaH| girAM devatAM daivataM devatAnAM prabodhaM pradeyAdiyaM matprabandhe / / 1 / / TIkA kAvyaprakAzasya durbodhAnuprabodhinI / kriyate kavirAjena vizvanAthena dhImatA // 2 // iha sarvagrahagrastAH kurvanti kudhiyo mudA / na doSa: kintu kutrApi vicinvantu gati cirAt // 3 // anta-lakSmIrvakSo murAresviriti kavayagate(?) bhogmaalaanggmaune, mauni sindhuH svarANAmadhivasati bidhe vitA yAvadasya / tAvat kAvyaprakAzA'"tvavadhigamAna vAramAsArkakoTi vyAkhyA vikhyAtimeSA kavimukuTamaNevizvanAthasya yAyAt // 1 // iti zrImannArAyaNacaraNAravinda-madhukarAlaGkArikacakravati-dhvaniprasthApana-paramAcAryASTAdazabhASAvilAsinobhujaGga-saGgItavidyAvidyAdhara-kalAmAlatImadhukara-vividhavidyArNavakarNadhAra-sAndhivigrahika-mahApAtra-zrIvizvanAthakavirAjakRtau kAvyaprakAzadarpaNe'rthAlaGkAranirNayo' nAma dazama ullAsaH / iti / yadugiri balirAjasvAmI tathA ke. esa. rAmasvAmI zAstrI ne 'bhAva-prakAzana' kI bhUmikA ke anta meM inhIM gopAla bhaTTa ke kAvyaprakAza kA TIkAkAra hone para sandeha prakaTa kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai-- Some Scholars identify Bhatta gopala the Commentator of the Kav aprakasha of Mammata with Bhattagopala the father of Saradatanaya. This identification may not be quite correct but it is certainly probale because of two considerations, Viz, (1) that the commentator Bhattagopala does not quote any author or work later than Mammata and (2) that he is at the same time quoted by the aothors like Kumarssvamin and others in the early . part of the 15th. century.

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72 ina saba dRSTiyoM se vizvanAtha kA vyaktitva, vaiduSya evaM vyApakatA kA prAbhAsa sahaja ho jAtA hai| [11] sAhitya-dIpikA-bhAskarabhaTTa' ( caudahavIM zatI I.) bhAskara bhaTTa kI prastuta TIkA ke bAre meM zrIvatsalAJchana, govinda Thakkura, bhImasena ralakaNTha tathA paramAnanda cakravartI ne ullekha kiyA hai| ataH ye ina saba se prAcIna haiN| isI AdhAra para inakA samaya IsA kI caudahavIM zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai| ma0ma0 pI0vI0 kAraNe ne isa 'sAhitya-dIpikA' TIkA kA hI apara nAma 'kAvyAlaGkArarahasya-nibandha' mAnA hai, jaba ki kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA Adi anya vidvAnoM ne isa nibandha kA racayitA lATamAskara mizra ko mAnA hai| 'kAvyaprakAze TippaNyaH sahasra santi yadyapi' yaha ukti bhaTTa bhAskara kI hI hai| isa TIkA ke kucha aMza rAjendralAla mitra kI 'noTisesa Apha ema0 esa0 esa0' 1-10 meM prakAzita hue haiM / [12] laghuTokA- zrIvidyAcakravartI ( 14vIM zatI I0) isa TIkA kA ullekha lekhaka ne apanI bahaTTIkA' (pR0 62) tathA alaGkArasarvasva kI 'saJjIvinI TIkA (pR0 37) meM kiyA hai / vizeSa paricaya 'bRhaTTIkA' ke paricaya meM prAge diyA hai / [ 13 ] sampradAya-prakAzinI (bRhaTTIkA)- zrIvidyAcakravartI ( 14vIM zatI I0) ye zaMva matAvalambI dakSiNa bhArata ke lekhaka haiN| inhoMne ruyyaka ke 'alaMkAra-sarvasva' kI 'saJjIvanI' TIkA ke anta meM - kAvyaprakAze'laGkAra-sarvasve ca vipazcitAm / pratyAdaro jagatyasmin vyAkhyAtamubhayaM tataH // ityAdi likhakara ukta TIkA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| madrAsa kaiTalaoNga meM sakhyA 1 826.28 pR0 8627, barnala 55, saMskaraNa (trivendram saMskRta sIrija-pR0 162) meM 'bRhatI' kA ullekha hai| isI TIkA meM isase pUrva likhita 'laghuTIkA' kI sUcanA prApta hotI hai| mallinAtha ke nirdezAnusAra inakA samaya 14vIM zatI ke anta se pUrva nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| ye 14vIM zatI ke prArambha meM zrIballAla tRtIya (1261-1342) ke sabhAratna the| (vI. rAghavan A BORT x 1633, pR0 256) / inhIM ko 'rasa-mImAMsA' rasa-viSayaka tathA 'bharata-saMgraha' nATayaviSayaka granthoM kA lekhaka bhI mAnA gayA hai| sampradAya-prakAzinI' ke anta meM inhoMne likhA hai ki samyaka samApitA seyaM zrIvidyAcakravatinA / TokA kAvyaprakAzasya sampradAya-prakAzinI // kAvyaprakAze'laGkArasarvasve ca sacetasAma / yenAdaro mahAMstena vyAkhyAtamubhayaM saha // yasminnaze jhaTiti na mavatyarthasaMvittirasyAM, soM'zo mUle viSamaviSamo mUlamAlokya bhUyaH / tatsaGgatyA punariha manAga dRSTirAdhIyate ced, bhAvaH sUkSmo vrajati viduSAM hastamuktAmariNatvam // sUkSmAmavyAkulAmatra zAstra yuktyupabaMhitAm / mImAMsAmupajIvantu kRtinaH kAvyatAntrikAH / / 1. nyU keTalAgasa keTalAgarama meM 'mizra' likhA hai| dvi0 bhA0 2. DaoN. esa ke0 De ne inakA samaya pandrahavIM zatI kI samApti se pUrva kA mAnA hai|

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mAtahA aura vahIM svaviSayaka paricAyikA puSpikA meM "iti saMskRtasArvabhauma prAkRtapRthvIzvara-zaurasenIziromaNi-mAgadhImakaradhvaja-paizAcIparamezvarApabhraMzarAjahaMsAmazarikacakravati-dhvamiprasthApanaparamAcArya-kAvyamImAMsA-prabhAkara-sahRdaya-ziromaNi-sahajasarvajJa-paramayogIzvara-zrImastri. bhuvanavidyAcakativaMzAvataMsa-mahAkavizrIvidyAcakravarti-kRto 'sampradAya-prakAzinyAM' 'kAvyaprakAza-bRhaTIkA'yAM dazama ullAsa: / " isa prakAra likhA hai / tadanusAra inake pitA zrI tribhuvanavidyAcakravartI bar3e prasiddha vidvAn the aura ye 'mahAkavi the' itanA vizeSa jJAta hotA hai| isa TIkA kA prakAzana 'trivendram saMskRta sIrija' se san 1926, 1630 meM bhaTTa gopAla kI TIkA ke sAtha huA hai / tathA DA. rAmacandra dvivedI,' (prAdhyApaka tathA vibhAgAdhyakSa saMskRta, udayapura vizvavidyAlaya) ke TokAnusArI aMgrejI anuvAda evaM ruyyaka-racita 'kAvyaprakAza-saMketa' sahita prakAzana 'motIlAla banArasIdAsa-dillI' se do bhAgoM meM humA hai| [ 14 ] TokA-acyutaThakkura tarkAcArya (san 1425 I0 se 1500 I0) ye prAcArya IsA kI pandrahavIM zatI ke pUrvArdha meM tIra bhUkti ke adhipati mahArAjAdhirAja zivasiMha ke amAtya-pravara ratnapANi ke pitA the| yaha bAta ratnapANi kI TIkA meM ullikhita padya se jJAta hotI hai / TIkA aprakAzita hai| [15 ] TokA-vAcaspati mizra ( san 1450 se 1550 I0) yaha anAmA TIkA ma0 ma0 abhinava vAcaspati mizra maithila kI hai| ye maithila brAhmaNoM meM suprasiddha sadapAdhyAya giripati mizra ke patra 'svarodaya' ke vyAkhyAkAra narahari mizra ke pitA aura 'sahalyAparimANa' mAdi granthoM ke nirmAtA ma0ma0 kezavamizra ke pitAmaha the / yuvAvasthA meM mithilAdhIza bhairavasiMha kI sabhA meM tathA vArdhakya meM rAmabhadra siMha kI sabhA meM pradhAna-paNDita pada ko prApane maNDita kiyA thaa| inakA sthiti samaya san 1450 I0 se 1550 I0 ke bIca 'tIrabhukti' ke itihAsa meM mAnA gayA hai| inhoMne apane jIvana meM prAyaH 41 granthoM kI racanA kI thii| inakA antima grantha 'pitRmakti-taraGgiNI hai jisake anta meM likhA hai ki zAstredaza smato trizanibandhA yena yauvane / nimitAstena carame vayasyeSA vinirmame // kucha loga sAGa syAdi samasta darzanoM ke vyAkhyAkAra vRddha vAcaspati ko hI kAvyaprakAza kA TIkAkAra mAnate haiM yaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki unakA sthitikAla 876 I0 hai| ataH ve mammaTa se prAcIna hI haiN| caNDIdAsa, vizvanAtha tathA bhImasena ne apanI-apanI kAvyaprakAza kI TIkAmoM meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai / TIkA ke viSaya meM adhika jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| [16] kAvya-darpaNa- ma0ma0 ratnapANi (manodhara) Thakkura ( san 1450 I0 se 1500 I0) ye mithileza zivasiMha ke amAtya zrI acyuta Thakkura ke putra the| ataH inakA samaya pandrahavIM zatI kA uttarArdha hai| inhoMne apanI TIkA meM 1. DaoN. dvivedI ne prastuta TIkAkAra para vizeSa adhyayana kara alaMkAra- sarvasva kI 'saJjIvinI' TIkA kA bhI sampAdana prakAzana kiyA hai| ataH zrIvidyAcakravartI ke paricaya ke lie ukta grantha kA avalokana bhI apekSita hai| 2. maithiladvijapajI prabandha meM bhI isakA paricaya diyA hai|

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74 zivasahA mithilezAdavApa yo mantritAM vibudhaH / tasyAcyutasya sUnurbabhUva bhuvi ratnapANiratham // yaha padya likhakara apanA paricaya diyA hai| ratnapAriNa kA upanAma 'manodhara' thaa| agrima TIkAkAroM ne 'iti manodharaprabhRtayaH' likhakara hI inakA ullekha kiyA hai / [ 17 ] TokA - ma0 ma0 pakSadhara mizra ( san 1454 I0 ) inakA vAstavika nAma 'jayadeva mizra' hai kintu zAstra - vicAraNA meM kisI durbala pakSa kA Azraya lekara bhI apane buddhivaibhava se usakA samyak samarthana karane ke kAraNa ye 'pakSadhara' nAma se prasiddha ho gye| apanI kAvya- kuzalatA ke kAraNa inheM 'pIyUSavarSa' upAdhi se bhI alaGkRta kiyA gayA thaa| zANDitya gotrIya maithila paM0 mahAdeva mizra ke ye / putra maura apane pitRvya ma0 ma0 harimizra se sakala zAstroM kA adhyayana karake inhoMne gaGga eza upAdhyAya kI nyAyacintAmariNa para 'Aloka' evaM vardhamAna upAdhyAya kI 'dravya kiraNAvalI' para 'prakAza' nAmaka TIkAe~ tathA 'nyAyapadArthamAlA', 'prasannarAghava' (nATaka) aura 'candrAloka' jaise 22 granthoM kI racanA kI thii| inake dvArA 1454 I0 kI 'amarAvatI' meM likhita 'viSNumahApurANa' kI prati kA yaha antima padya inake sthiti samaya kA paricAyaka hai aria taM zambhunayanaiH saGkhyAM gate ( 345) hAyane, zrImaGgo mahIbhujo gurudine mArge ca pakSe site / SaSThayAM tAmamarAvatImadhivasatu yA bhUmidevAlayA, zrImatpakSadharaH supustakamidaM zuddhe vyakhIdidam // yaha pustaka zrAja bhI darabhaGgA jile ke 'yogiyAr3a' gA~va meM sva0 naiyAyika kezavazarmA ke ghara meM vidyamAna hai / yaha amarAvatI prAcIna kamalA nadI ke kinAre para 'koilakha' gA~va se 6-7 mIla dUra thI, solahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM vipakSiyoM se AkrAnta hone para mithilAdhipati maheza Thakkura ke madhyama putra acyuta Thakkura ne ise nAmazeSa kara diyA thA, aisA 'mithilA tattvavimarza' kA mata hai| tathA kavi zekhara badrInAtha jhA kA yahI abhimata hai / [18] TIkA - padmanAbha mizra ( 14vIM zatI I0 ) ye paM0 mahAkavi vidyApati ke samakAlika, maithila dIrghaghoSa (dighavara) vaMzIya, 'vANIbhUSaNa' nAmaka chanda:zAstrIya grantha ke nirmAtA, mithileza gaNezvara siMha ke putra kIrtisiMha ke sabhApaNDita dAmodara mizra ke putra the / inhoMne 'sudhAkara' Adi aneka granthoM kI racanA kI thI / kamalAkara bhaTTa ne apanI TIkA meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai / inakA samaya IsA kI caudahavIM zatI sambhava hai / " [ 16 ] TIkA- ratnezvara mizra ( 14vIM zatI I0 ) bhoja ke 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' para 'ratnadarpaNa' nAmaka TIkA ke lekhaka ke rUpa meM prasiddha ratnezvara mizra ho isa TIkA ke racayitA haiM / ye rAmasiMha deva ke Azrita the tathA unhIM kI prAjJA se kaNThAbharaNa kI inhoMne TIkA likhI thI / yaha bAta sarasvatI - kaNThAbharaNa ke tRtIya pariccheda ke antima padyoM meM kahI gaI hai 1. kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA kA yaha mata hai / dra0 kA0 pra0 'vivaraNa- bhUmikA' pR0 8 /

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zrIrAmasihadevAjJAmAdAya racito mayA / darpaNAkhyaH sadA tena tuSyatAM shriisrsvtii|| ratnezvaro nAma kavIzvaro'sau, virAjate kAvyasudhAbhiSeka / dustakaM vaktAhatadurvidagdhAM vasundharAM pallavayannajanam // praya sphuratu vAgdevyAH kaNThAbharaNakotukam / mayi brahmamanovRtto kuraNe ratnadarpaNam // isake AdhAra para ye uttama kavi, TIkAkAra tathA viraktasvabhAva ke the / sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa kI TIkA meM hI inhoMne apane dvArA racita kAvyaprakAza kI isa (anAmA) TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| tathA inhIM ke kAvyaprabandhaviSayaka kavisaraNadIpikA' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha haraprasAda zAstrI ne 'eziyATika sosAyaTI' baMgAla ke kaiTalAga bhAga 4 meM pANDulipi saM0 4715 e0 oNpha 8066 pR0 471-73 para kiyA hai / [ 20 ] TokA-puNDarIka vidyAsAgara ( 15vIM zatAbdI I. se pUrva ) ye baGgAla ke nivAsI the| inakA ullekha zrIvatsalAJchana kI sArabodhinI TIkA meM huA hai / isI AdhAra para inakA samaya 15vIM zatAbdI se pUrva mAnA gayA hai| pratyakSarUpa se vidyAsAgara' yaha kisI TIkAkAra kI upAdhi hai, aisI DA. De kI mAnyatA hai| sAtha hI unakA kathana hai ki-'vidyAsAgara nAmaka eka lekhaka ne bhaTTa para 'kalAdIpikA' nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| bharata mallika (473 para) tathA 'pramarakoza' para apanI TIkA meM rAmanAtha ne inakA ullekha kiyA hai| paM0 zivaprasAda bhaTTAcArya (zrIdhara kRta kAvyaprakAza-TIkA kI bhUmikA pR030) ke mata se ye mammaTa ke TIkAkAra paNDarIka vidyAsAgara haiM jo 15vIM zatI ke prathama caraNa meM hae haiN| inhoMne daNDI tathA vAmana para bhI TIkAe~ likhI haiN| [ 21 ] vistArikA- paramAnanda cakravartI bhaTTAcArya ( 15 vIM zatI I0) gauDIya nyAyanaya pravINa paramAnanda cakravartI vistArikA' meM 'iti mizrAH' kahakara subuddhimizra, 'iti dIpikAkRtaH' se jayanta bhaTTa aura 'yaccokta vizvanAthena' se 'kAvyadarpaNakAra' vizvanAtha kA smaraNa karate haiN| pradIpakAra prAdi ne inako uddhata kiyA hai sAtha hI nyAyAcArya yazovijayajI ne bhI inakA ullekha kiyA hai ataH ye inase pUrvavatIM haiN| isI prAdhAra para inakA sthitikAla vizvanAtha ke pazcAt 1400-1500 I. ke bIca mAnA gayA hai / bhaTTAcArya hone ke AdhAra para yaha nizcita hai ki ye baGgavAsI the| inake guru kA nAma IzAna nyAyAcArya thA / ye cakravartI mahAzaya eka prasiddha nayAyika the| gaGagezopAdhyAyaracita 'cintAmaNi' para inakA lakSaNagAdAdharI grantha 'cakravati-lakSaNam' nAma se prApta hotA hai / kAvyaprakAza ke sAtaveM ullAsa para likhI apanI TIkA meM inhoMne - andhA doSAndhakAreSu ke vA na syuvipazcitaH / nAhantu dRSTivikalo, dhRtacintAmaNiH sadA / / yaha padya likhakara apanA 'cintAmariNa-pANDitya' vyakta kiyA hai| inhoMne 'naiSadha' (IOC. Vii pR0 1438) para bhI eka TIkA likhI hai| inakI TIkA ke prakAzana kA upakrama kalakattA ke rASTrIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya ke ana. sandhAna vibhAga dvArA hA hai tathA pITarsana kI riporTa bhAga 2, pR0 108-106 para ebaM eca0 pI0 zAstrI ke kaiTalAga ASB. MSS. VI. sakhyA 483/2462 meM isake kucha aMza prakAzita hue haiN| [22 ] sArabodhinI- zrIvatsalAJchana bhaTTAcArya ( 15vIM zatAbdI I0 ) ye baGgAla ke nibAsI the / inhoMne apanI TIkA meM subuddhimizra, vidyAsAgara, bhAskara, jayarAma, vizvanAtha maura tattvabodhinIkAra ke sAtha hI pratAparudrayazobhUSaNakAra vidyAnAtha kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| vaise yaha TIkA paramAnanda inake sambandha meM anya UhApoha ke liye DA0 De, ma. ma. kANe tathA pro0 sapre ke grantha bhI darzanIya haiN| vidyAnAtha ke 'pretAparudrIya' kA bhI inhoMne ullekha kiyA hai|

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cakravartI ko "vistArikA" kA pUrNata: anusaraNa karatI hai| idhara paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne 'rasagaGgAdhara' meM iti zrI. vatsalAJchanodAharaNamapAstam' kahakara inake mata kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| inhIM saba kA pAzraya lekara inakA sthitikAla 14vIM I0 se 11vIM zatI ke bIca mAnA jAtA hai| inake anya nAma 'zrIvatsa zarmA', 'zrIvatsa varmA' athavA kevala 'vatsavarmA' haiM / hAla ne 'vAsavadattA' kI bhUmikA meM isa TIkA kA ullekha (pR.54 para) kiyA hai tathA 'sArabodhinI' hezvara athavA zrIvatsalAcchana racita mAnA hai kintu mahezvara-sUbuddhi mizra aura zrIvatsalAJchana donoM bhinna-bhinna vyakti haiN| prophekTa 1.778b, 2. 16b, 108, 3. pR. 342 ke anusAra zrIvatsa ne 'kAvya-parIkSA' nAmaka svatantra grantha bhI likhA thA jisake pA~ca adhyAyoM meM mammaTa ke anusAra hI varNyaviSaya meM sAmya hai| mammaTa kI kArikAeM tathA udAharaNa bhI isameM paryApta gRhIta haiN| ata: ise bhI eka prakAra se kAvya-prakAza kI TIkA hI mAnakara ratnakaNTha ne isakA ullekha kiyA hai| prastuta 'dIpikA' TIkA ke nirmANa kA hetu vyakta karate hue TIkAkAra ne avataraNikA meM likhA hai ki zrImallakSmaNamaTTAnAM suhRvAmanuzAsanAt / dhvaniprakaraNasyAya rahasyaM varNayAmahe / / aura anta meM kAvyaprakAzatarureSa kusmprdaayvyaakhyaavilol-mrudaakulit-prtaanH| siktaH punazca pratipallavatAmupetu zrIcaNDidAsakavivAgamRtapravAhaiH // labdhaprakhyA dIpikA dhvAntanAze khyAte'nvAsye'dIpi kAvyaprakAze / yeyaM kAlAmocitasvaprakAzA viSTayA bApAmocitAddhA'vatAt saa| iti kApijalakulatilaka SaDdarzanIcakravati-mahAkavicakracUDAmaNi-sahRdayagoSThImariSTha mahAmahopAdhyAya-bhI. caNDIdAsakRtau 'kAvyaprakAzadIpikAyAM' dazama ullAsaH / mahAkavi caNDIdAsa ne prastuta TIkA meM viSaya ko gambhIratA se samAlocita kiyA hai tathA apane vicAroM ko dRr3hatA se abhivyakta kiyA hai| inhoMne 'prabodha-candrodaya' nATaka para bhI TIkA likhI hai, jisakA pramANa nimna padya hai praNamya sarvAmaravRndavandhaM mAyAmRgendra kavicaNDidAsaH / prabodhacandrodayaduSprabodhapadArthajAtaM vizadIkaroti // isake atirikta inake 'dhvanisiddhAnta-saMgraha' kA bhI ullekha prApta hai| prastuta TIkA kA (tIna bhAgoM meM) susampAdana zrIzivaprasAda bhaTTAcArya ne kiyA hai tathA isakA prakAzana-'bArANaseya saMskRta vizvAvidyAlaya' kI sarasvatIbhavana-granthamAlA ke kra0 46 meM tIna bhAgoM meM huA hai| isake prathama bhAga kA prakAzana 1833 I0 meM huA thA aura dUsarA bhAga bhI usI samaya chapA thA kintu vaha apUrNa rahA / tatIya bhAga meM 5veM ullAsa se anta taka kA bhAga hai / kula pR0 saM0 570 meM yaha pUrNa hai| [ 23 ] TIkA- yazodharopAdhyAya ( san 1500 I0 ke nikaTa ) mahAkavi bhAnudatta mizra ne 'rasapArijAta' ke dasaveM pallava meM vidyA kAmagavI tasyA vatso vAcaspatiH kviH| dogyA siddhAntamugdhAnAmeka eva yshodhrH| kahate hue yazodhara ko sarvatantrasvatantra vAcaspati mizra se arvAcIna dikhAyA hai| ma0ma0 narasiMha Thakkura kI nISA' meM inakA nAma pAyA hai tathA vidyAkara ne apane vidyAkarasahasraka' meM

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10 adhyApitA'si vidhumukhi kauzalamivAdbhutaM kena / gacchasi yathA yathA bahirahaha mamAntastathA tathA vizasi // 688 // yaha padya yazodharopAdhyAya ke nAma se saMgRhIta kiyA hai| nyAyAcArya yazovijayajI upAdhyAya ne bhI apanI TIkA meM inake nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA svayaM yazodhara ne apanI anya racanA 'kAmasatra-vyAkhyA' meM bhadanta ravidatta kA ullekha kiyA hai, ataH inakA sthitisamaya pandrahavIM zatI mAnanA ucita hai| [24 ] kAmya-pradIpa-'chAyA'- ma0ma0 govinda Thakkura ( 15vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga) ye mithilA ke nivAsI the| maithila zrotriya 'ghUsota' vaMza meM utpanna zrIkezava ThakkUra tathA sonodevI ke jyeSTha putra the / jaisA ki 'pradIpa' ke Adyanta meM svayaM inhoMne likhA haiprAdi meM sonodevyAH prathamatanayaH kezavasyAtmajanmA, zrIgobindo rucikarakaveH snehapAtraM kanIyAna / zrImannArAyacaraNayoH samyagAdhAya cittaM, dhyAtvA sArasvatamapi mahaH kAvyatattvaM vyanakti / jyeSThe sarvaguNaH kanIyasi vayomAtreNa pAtre dhiyAM, gAtreNa smaragarvakharvaraNapare niSThApratiSThAzraye / zrIharSe tridivaM gate mayi manohIne ca kaH zodhayedatrAzuddhamaho mahatsu vidhinA maaro'ymaaropitH||1|| parizIlayantu santo manasA santoSazIlena / imamadbhutapradIpaM prakAzamapi yaH prakAzayati / / 2 // dIpikA dvitayaM kAvye pradIpa-dvitayaM sutau / svamatau samyagutpAdya 'govindaH' zarma vindati // 3 // . 'rucikara' inake sautele bhAI the| inake prapitAmaha raviThakkura aura pitAmaha buddhikara Thakkura the| inhoMne apane bhAI zrIharSa kA jo ullekha kiyA hai vaha naiSadhakAra zrIharSa se bhinna hai| hayagrIvopAsaka, tAkika evaM mAlakArika vaDAmaNi bAla ke jaisora' jile ke jamIdAra zrIbhavAnandarAya ke pAzraya meM rahakara inhoMne 'pRjApradIpa' prAdi granthoM kI bhI racanA kI thii| 'pUjApradIpa' ke prArambha meM inakA yaha padya na ilAdhante tridazagurave yasya vidyA vidanto, nAsevante jaladhitanayAM yena dRSTAH kRpAm / nAkAkSanti kvacidapi sudhAM yasya kAvyaM pibantaH, santaH ! so'yaM jayati jagati zrIbhavAnandarAyaH / / zrImatkezavatanayo govindastanniveza (manu) vrtii| prakaTayati dharmapadavI pUjAkarma-pradIpena // 1. draSTavya prastuta grantha ke pR061 tathA 12 /

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tathA mantima padya zrImadbhavAnanda-nivezavI govindazarmA gurumaktiyuktaH / upAsakAnAmupakArahetoH pUjA-pradIpaM kRtavAn vimRzya // isa bAta ke pramANa haiN| pradIpa TIkA meM bhAskara bhaTTa tathA caNDIdAsa bhaTTAcArya ke nAmollekha milate haiN| ina kI yaha TIkA kAvyaprakAza-pradIpa', 'kAvya-pradIpa' aura 'pradIpa' nAma se bhI vikhyAta hai / 'kAvya-pradIpa' ko vidUtasamAja meM atyanta sammAna prApta hamA hai jisake pariNAma-svarUpa vaidyanAtha tatsat kI 'prabhA' tathA 'udAharaNa-candrikA' aura nAgeza bhaTTa kI 'udyota' nAmaka praTIkA laghu evaM bRhad (jise 'ladhvI' aura 'bRhatI' kahate haiM) sarvatra prasiddha haiN| zrIgovinda ThakkUra mukhyataH tAkika the| 'mukhyArthabAdhe tadyoge' ityAdi lakSaNA-sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM inake dvArA svIkRta tArkika paddhati kA vyAkhyAna isakA paricAyaka hai / 'pradIpa' aura 'udyota' kA samanvita adhyayana karane se yaha bAta aura bhI puSTa ho jAtI hai| pradIpa meM kahIM-kahIM vyAkaraNa ke lakSaNahIna ullekha bhI pratIta hote haiN| .. narasiMha ThakkUra kI vaMzAvalI ke AdhAra para govinda Thakkura se pAMcavIM pIr3hI meM ye hue haiM tathA pradIpa meM vizvanAtha kA aura kamalAkara bhaTTa dvArA pradIpa kA ullekha karane ke AdhAra para ina donoM ke bIca utpanna mAnakara inakA samaya pandrahavIM zatI kA antima bhAga mAnA gayA hai| kevala "pradIpa" ke sAtha kAvya-prakAza kA prathama prakAzana 'paNDita' patrikA ke 4 aMkoM (10 se 13) meM 1888.1891 I. taka huA thaa| vaidyanAtha tatsat kI 'prabhA' ke sAtha 1861 aura 1612 I0 meM nirNayasAgara presa. bambaI se, nAgojI bhaTTa ke "udyota" ke sAtha (kevala 1, 2, 7, 10 ullAsa) pUnA ke DI0TI0 cAMdorakara ke saMpAdana : kamazaH 1866, 1868 tathA 1665 I0 meM pUnA se, 'pradIpa', 'udyota', 'prabhA', rucaka ke 'saMketa" evaM narahari sarasvatI tIrtha kI "bAlacittAnurajanI', ke sAtha (kevala 1, 2, 3, 10 ullAsa) zrI esa0esa0 sukhaTaNakara ke sampAdana meM bambaI se 1633 aura 1941 I0 meM, "pradIpa" tathA "udyota" ke sAtha sampUrNa grantha kA prakAzana paM. vAsudeva zAstrI prabhyaMkarajI ke sampAdana meM 'pAnandAzrama, pUnA' se I. sa. 1611 meM huA hai| isase yaha sahaja anubhava hotA hai ki 'kAvya-pradIpa' chAyA ke prati vidvAnoM kA pUrNa anurAga rahA hai| -[ 25 ] udAharaNa-dIpikA- ma0ma0 govinda Thakkura ( 15vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga) . govinda Thakkura kI yaha dvitIya TokA hai| yaha mUla granthapATha ke antargata udAharaNArtha die gae padyoM kI vizada vyAkhyA hai| DaoN0 suzIlakumAra De kA anumAna hai ki sTIna ne (pR. 28,60, 266 para) jisa zlokadIpikA' kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha yaha udAharaNadopikA' hI hai kyoMki isa grantha ke dUsare padya meM 'kAvyapradIpa' kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| vaidyanAtha tatsat ne apanI TIkA meM dIpikAkAra' zabda se jo ullekha kiyA hai, vaha jayanta bhaTTa kI 'dIpikA' ke bAre meM na hokara govinda Thakkura kI isa 'udAharaNadIpikA' kA hI hai| kyoMki 'udAharaNacandrikA' meM dIpikAkAra ke nAma se jisa mata kA upapAdana kiyA hai vaha jayanta bhaTTa kI dIpikA' meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| 'udAharaNa-dIpikA' aura 'udAharaNa-candrikA' ye donoM TIkAe~ kAvyaprakAza ke udAharaNoM kI vyAkhyA ke liye hI likhI gaI haiN| prataH 'udAharaNa. 1. saptama ullAsa meM "nyUnapadatva' aura 'cyutasaMskRti' ke udAharaNa meM yaha bAta draSTavya hai| 2. draSTavya-saMskRta kAvyazAstra kA itihAsa (hindI anuvAda) bhAga 1, pR0 150 /

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candrikA' meM dUSaNArthaM athavA bhUSaNArtha yadi uddharaNa dene haiM to ve 'udAharaNa- dIpikA' se hI diye jAne ucita haiM / " [26] madhumati - ravi (pAriNa) Thakkura ( san 1525 - 1620 I0 ) pUrvokta acyuta Thakkura ke pautra tathA ma0 ma0 ratnapANi ke putra the| ataH inakA samaya solahavIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / nyAyAcArya zrI yazovijayajI upAdhyAya ne apanI TIkA meM 'madhumatIkAra' ke nAma se inakA ullekha aura samAlocana kiyA hai| zrA0 vizvanAtha ke samAna inake 'kula ' meM bhI nirantara tIna puruSoM ne 'kAvyaprakAza' kI TIkA ke rUpa arcanA kI hai jo isa vaMza kI zlAghanIya sAhityasevA hai| inhoMne svayaM ko gaurI tathA manodhara athavA ratnapANi kA putra evaM acyuta kA pautra kahA hai| acyuta mithilA ke rAjA zivasiMha athavA zivasiddha ke mantrI the / ( manodhara ) ratnapAriNa kI kAvyaprakAza para 'kAvyadarpaNa' TIkA hai usI TIkA ke AdhAra para ravi ne apanI prastuta TIkA likhI hai / kamalAkara tathA narasiMha ne madhumatikAra evaM bhImasena ne pitA aura putra donoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| prastuta TIkA kA yaha nAma inhoMne apanI putrI ke nAma para rakhA hai / [27] TIkA - murAri mizra ( san 1550 se 1600 I0 ) zANDilya gotrI maMthila zrIkRSNa mizra ke putra tathA ma0 ma0 kezava mizra aura rAmabhadra ke antevAsI the / moraGga ke nRpati lakSmInArAyaNa se chaThe trivikrama nArAyaNa inake zrAzrayadAtA the / bhImasena ne inakA ullekha kiyA hai| prastuta TIkA ke atirikta inhoMne 'zubhakarmanirNaya' Adi anya aneka granthoM kI bhI racanA kI thI / 'zubhakarma- nirNaya' meM inakA paricayAtmaka padya isa prakAra hai vijJAyAkhilazAstramamalaM zrIrAmabhadrAd guro mizrAt kezavataH smRtIratha tayoH sAraM vivicya svayam / pAdAmbhojayugaM praNamya zivayoH saGkhyAvatAM prItaye, 76 ord ' zubhakarmanirNaya' ma zrImAn murAriH kRtI // 'anargha rAghava' ke nirmAtA murAri inase pRthak haiM kyoMki ratnAkara kavi ne 'haravijaya mahAkAvya ' meM unakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura unakA kAla navama zatI hai / ataH ve mammaTa se pUrvavartI the / ma0 ma0 kezava mizra ke pitAmaha yadi vAcaspati mizra ko mAnate haiM to usake AdhAra para zrI mizra kA samaya 1550 se 1600 I0 ke madhya mAnA jA sakatA hai / [ 28 ] kAvyaprakAza bhAvArtha - rAmakRSNa (bhaTTa) (san 1550 I0 ) 'nArAyaNabhaTTI' prAdi granthoM ke kartA nArAyaNa bhaTTa ke putra evaM 'bhATTavAtika' tathA 'kAvyaprakAza' ke vyAkhyAkAra aura 'nirNaya sindhu' smRtinibandha ke racayitA 'kamalAkara bhaTTa' ke pitA the| ye mahArASTra ke nivAsI vizvAmitra gotrotpanna rAmakRSNa bhaTTa hI isa TIkA ke kartA haiM aisA vidvAnoM kA mata hai| inakA yaha paricaya kamalAkara bhaTTa kAvya - prakAza kI 'kamalAkarI TIkA' ke isa padya se prApta hotA hai ke zrImannArAyaNAkhyAt samajani vibudho 'rAmakRSNAbhidhAna' - statsUnuH sarvavidyAmbudhi-nijaculukIkArataH kumbhajanmA / TIkai kAvyaprakAze kamalapadaparastvAkaro'rIracad yaH, zrI pitroH pAdapadmaM raghupatipadayoH svaM zramaM prApayacca // 1. draSTavya, pro0 dhuMDirAja gopAla sapreracita - 'AcArya mammaTa', pR0 33 / 2. isa TIkA kA nAma kahIM-kahIM dIrghaM IkarAnta 'madhumatI' bhI likhA hai /

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Go isI ke prAdhAra para inakA samaya kamalAkara ke samaya 1712 I0 se pUrva 1550 I0 ke AsapAsa kA hai| prastuta TIkA ke anya nAma 'kavi-nandinI' athavA 'nandinI' bhI haiN| prophaikTa 1, 102 sa 2, 20 A tathA 2. 166B meM isakA sUcana hai| [ 29 ] kAvya- kaumudI - ma0 ma0 devanAtha Thakkura 'tarkapaJcAnana' ( san 1575 I0 ) ma0 ma0 govinda Thakkura ke prATha putroM meM se devanAtha chaThe putra the / pradhikaraNakomudI, smRtikaumudI aura tantrakaumudI kI racanA bhI inhIM kI haiN| prastuta "kAvyakaumudI" kI racanA kA kAraNa apane pUjya pitAjI ke dvArA praNIta kAvya-pradIpa' ke sambandha meM kiye gaye prakSepoM kA nivAraNa rahA hai| kAvyakaumudI ke maGgalAcaraNa ke pazcAt inhoMne likhA hai ki ya eSa kurute mano vipadi gauravINAM girA, sa vAmana ivAmbare hariNalAcchanaM vAJchati / lilekhipati siMhikAra maraNakesaraM pheravat, pataGga iva pAvakaM nRharimAvakaM dhAvati / / tathA - vinyastaM dUSaNaM yena gauravISu niruktiSu / vinyasyatyasya zirasi tarkapaJcAnanaH padam // isa TIkA kA ullekha kamalAkara bhaTTa tathA narasiMha Thakkura ne kiyA hai| ataH inakA sthitikAla solahavIM zatI kA antima caraNa thA / zAstrArtha vicAra kI pragalbhatA ke kAraNa inheM 'tarka - paJcAnana' jaisI padavI se suzobhita kiyA gayA thA / inhIM ke putra mahAmahopAdhyAya rAmAnanda Thakkura ne 'rasataraGgiNI' kI racanA kI thI, jo 'mithilA saMskRta vidyApITha darabhaGgA' se prakAzita hai / [ 30 ] TIkA - upAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI gaNo (san 1583 se 1686 I0 ) gujarAta pradeza ke pATaNa zahara ke nikaTastha 'kanoDu' gA~va meM 'nArAyaNa jaina' ke putra 'sobhAgade' ke garbha se utpanna 'jasavaMta kumAra' hI bAda meM dIkSita hokara 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya' ke nAma se prasiddha hue / inakA grantharacanAkAla aitihAsika vastrapaTa tathA inake svahasta se likhita pANDulipiyoM ke AdhAra para san 1583 se 1686 I. mAnA gayA hai / ye nyAyazAstra ke prakANDa paNDita tathA mahAkavi the / inake dvArA racita prAkRta, saMskRta, gujarAtI evaM hindI ( mizrita ) granthoM kI saMkhyA bahuta vizAla hai| sAtha hI svaracita evaM anya vidvAnoM dvArA racita granthoM kI TIkAe~ bhI likhI haiM / kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA kevala 'dvitIya' evaM 'tRtIya' ullAsa para hI upalabdha huI hai / TIkA kA koI svatantra nAma nahIM diyA hai / mUlataH naiyAyika hone ke nAte lekhaka ne prastuta TIkA meM - 'bhaTTamata, gurumata, pradIpakRt, paramAnanda, subuddhimizra, mImAMsakamata, caMDIdAsa, vainAzika, vaibhASika, maNikAra, madhumatIkAra, yazodharopAdhyAya, pArthasArathimizra, nRsiMhamanISAkAra tathA prAlaGkArikoM ke matoM ko uddhRta karate hue khaNDana-maNDana kiyA hai| viSaya pratipAdanazailI prabhinava hone ke sAtha-sAtha navyanyAya zailI se puSTa hai / yaha TIkA hindI anuvAda sahita muni zrI yazovijayajI ke pradhAna sampAdakatva (DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI ne sampAdita kara ) 'yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana samiti bambaI' se prakAzita kI hai / [31] bRhaTTIkA - mahopAdhyAya siddhicandragari (san 1588-1666 I0 ) prastuta TIkA kA ullekha 'kAvya - prakAza khaNDana' meM 'yaH kaumAraharaH' ityAdi padya meM 'katipayAkSaroM kI dvirAvRtti 1. bhAvaka kA tAtparya avi meSoM kA samudAya aisA hai /

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hone se anuprAsa nahIM hai' yaha kaha kara 'vizeSa vicArastvasmatkRta - bRhaTTI kAto'vaseyaH' ( prathama ullAsa pR0 3 ) - - kiyA hai / kintu yaha adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hai / - ( vivRti) - mahopAdhyAya siddhicandra gari (san 1588-1666 I0 ) tathA aneka grantha [ 32 ] kAvya - prakAza- khaNDana - ( ye bhAnucandra gariNa ke ziSya, zatAvadhAnI, akabara bAdazAha dvArA 'khuzaphahama' padavI prApta aura vRttiyoM ke racayitA ke rUpa meM khyAtiprApta jaina zrAcArya the / prastuta khaNDana ke anta meM dI gaI prazasti'iti pAvazAha zrIkazvara sUryasahasranAmAdhyApaka- zrIzatruJjaya tIrthakara mocanAcaneka- sukRta vidhAyaka mahopAdhyAyazrI bhAnucandragaraNa - ziSyASTottarazatAvadhAna sAdhana pramudita-pAdazAhazrIcakambarapradatta suSphalamAparAbhidhAna - mahopAdhyAyacosidvicandragaNiviracite kAvyaprakAza-khaNDane vazama ullAsaH samAptaH / ' se inakA yaha paricaya prApta hotA hai| inakA sthitikAla 1588 I0 se 1666 I0 nizcita hai / paNDitarA jagannAtha ke ye samakAlIna the| inake jIvana evaM kRti prAdi ke viSaya meM inhIM ke dvArA racita 'bhAnucandracaritam " nAmaka viziSTa grantha meM yatheSTa likhA gayA hai / mahopAdhyAya siddhicandra ne prastuta TIkA, eka AlocanAtmaka dRSTi se kI hai / kAvya - prakAza meM pratipAdita jina vicAroM ke viSaya meM granthakAra kA kucha matabheda rahA hai, usa matabheda ko prakaTa karane ke lie isakI racanA kI gaI hai, na ki usake sarvamAnya granthagata sabhI padArthoM kA khaNDana isameM prabhipreta hai / prAcArya mammaTa ne kAvyaracanA-viSayaka jo vistRta vivecana kAvyaprakAza meM kiyA hai, usameM se kisI lakSaraNa, kisI udAharaNa, kisI pratipAdana evaM kisI nirasanasambandhI ullekha ko siddhicandra ne ThIka nahIM mAnA hai aura isIlie unhone apane mantavya ko vyakta karane ke lie prastuta racanA kA nirmANa kiyA hai| isI prakAra kAvyaprakAza ke purAne aura naye TIkAkAroM ke bhI jina vicAroM ke sAtha inakA matabheda huA hai, una vicAroM kA bhI isameM nirasana huA hai| vaise ye jagannAtha kI bhA~ti 'navya' the| ye eka navIna kAvya - siddhAnta kI sthApanA meM yatnazIla the / tathApi aisA karane meM inakA hetu kevala padArthatattva kI mImAMsA pradarzita karane kA rahA hai na ki kisI prakAra ke svamatAgraha athavA paradoSAnveSaNa kA racanA ke Arambha meM khaNDanakAra ne svayaM likhA hai prAhmA: kvApi giro guroriha paraM dUSyaM pareSAM vaco-- vRndaM manvadhiyAM vRthA vilapitaM nAsmAbhirudRGkitam / atra svIya vibhAvanekaviditaM yat kalpitaM kautukAd, vAviSyUhavimohanaM kRtadhiyAM tatprItaye kalpatAm // 4 // X X X X pararacita kAvyakaNTakazatakhaNDa [ khaNDa ] natANDavaM kurmaH / kavayo'dya durburUDhAH svairaM khelantu kAvyagahaneSu // tAvAnuvAdapUrvaka 'kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana' mArabhyate 15 // isase yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha saba kautukamAtra kI dRSTi se prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| 1. siMdhI jaina granthamAlA - bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, bambaI se 18veM puSpa ke rUpa meM mudrita / ( ityAdi)

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isakA prakAzana 'siMghI jaina granthamAlA' (granthAGka 40) me prA. rasikalAla choTAlAla parikha ke sampAdaka meM (vi. saM. 2006) meM huyA hai|' [ 33 ] TokA- tiruveGkaTa ( san 1600 I0 ke nikaTa ) ye cinnatimma ke putra tathA tirumala guru ke pautra the / nAma se yaha spaSTa hai ki ye dakSiNabhAratIya the| inhoMne apanI TIkA meM bhaTTa gopAla kI TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isI AdhAra para inakA samaya solahavIM zatI nirdhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai / madrAsa 'keTalAga, e. 318 para isakA nirdeza hai| 34 ] rahasyaprakAza- rAmanAtha upAdhyAya ( san 1600 I0 ke nikaTa ) yadi ye maithila hoM, to Ajakala nepAla rAjya ke antargata (pahale svatantra) moraGga deza ke adhipati aura soramadevI ke pati kaMsa-nArAyaNa ke sabhApaNDita the aura 'rAgataraGgiNI' meM inake dvArA racita gIta ke ma0ma0 locanakavi dvArA udAhRta hone ke kAraNa inakA sthitikAla IsA kI solahavIM zatI mAnA jA sakatA hai| DaoN0 De ne inakA nAma rAmanAtha vidyAvAcaspati: likhA hai tathA inheM baMgAlI TIkAkAra batalAyA hai| vahIM yaha bhI likhA hai ki prophekTa 102 e. para isakA ullekha hai| bhavadeva kI 'saMskArapaddhati' para inakI TIkA kI racanA 1623 I0 meM huI thii| ( dekhie prophekTa i, 516 e.) [35] TIkA- ruci( kara ) mizra ( 16vIM zatI I0) 'narasiMha manISA' meM 'mizra' nAma se jisakA ullekha huA hai, ve ye hI rucikara mizra haiN| ye ma0 ma0 govinda Thakkura kI vimAtA se utpanna bar3e bhAI rucikara se bhinna haiM / anya jAnakArI prApta nahIM hai| [ 36 ] TIkA- harSakula (jaina muni) ( 16vIM zatAbdI I0 ) ye vikrama kI solahavIM zatI meM utpanna evaM jaina sampradAya ke 'tapA' gaccha meM dIkSita jaina muni the| inakA vizeSa paricaya evaM TIkA sambandhI jJAtavya prApta nahIM hai| 'jaina saMskRta sAhityano itihAsa bhAga 1, pR. 228 meM zrI kApar3iyA ne isakA ullekha mAtra kiyA hai| [ 37 ] TIkA- gadAdhara cakravartI bhaTTAcArya ( 16vIM zatI0 I0 kA antima bhAga) baGgAla ke pavanamaNDalAntargata 'pakSmIpAza' nAmaka gA~va meM inakA janma huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma jIvAcArya thaa| Apane navadvIpa meM rahakara harirAma tarka vAgIza se samagra nyAyazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| inakA janmakAla I016vIM zatAbdI kA antima bhAga mAnA gayA hai| raghUnAtha ziromaNi ke 'tattvacintAmaNi-dIdhiti' grantha para 1. 'kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana' ko mAdhyama banAkara dillI vizvavidyAlaya se pI-eca0DI0 upAdhi ke liye hamAre mitra zrI vizvaprakAzajI (vyAkhyAtA zrI lA0 ba. zAstrI ke0 saM0 vidyApITha) apanA zodhaprabandha prastuta kara rahe haiN| 2. yaha nirdeza kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA ne gokulanAthI vivaraNa kI bhUmikA meM pR06 para diyA hai| 3. dra0 saMskRta kAvyazAstra kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pR0 161 / 4. isakA nirdeza kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA ne 'vivaraNa' kI bhUmikA pR0 11 meM kiyA hai|

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apanI TIkA ke liye gadAdhara bahuta prasiddha hai / mitrA ne 1527 Sc. C. 7. 13 meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| [38] kavi-nandikA- rAmakRSNa ( san 1550 se 1650 I0 ) isa TIkA kA prapara nAma 'nandinI' bhI diyA gayA hai| kAvyaprakAza kA bhAvArtha isameM saMkalita kiyA hai| isa TIkA kA racanA kAla I0 1601 I. mAnA hai, ataH inakA sthiti kAla san 1556 1650 I0 ke bIca rahA hai| P36 ] TIkA- ma0ma0 paNDitarAja ( 17vIM zatAbdI I. se kucha pUrva) ralakaNTha ne 'sAra-samuccaya' meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ye dharma-zAstrajJa maheza Thakkura ke ziSya raghunandanarAya hI the| inheM paNDitarAja jagannAtha mAnanA, bhUla hogii| sTIna ne pANDulipi 1164 pR060, 266 para inakA ullekha kiyA hai, (prauphekTa i 19 A) / sTIna kI pANDulipi kevala dvitIya ullAsa taka hI hai aura mizra tathA pratyabhijJAkAra ke atirikta usameM kisI bhI adhikArI AcArya kA varNana nahIM hai| ma0ma0 DaoN0 gaGgAnAtha jhA ne apane 'kAvyaprakAza' ke aMgrejI anuvAda-prakAzana kI bhUmikA meM isa TIkA kI pANDulipi kA (jo ki 1637 I0 meM taiyAra kI huI hai) sUcana karate hue prastuta TIkA kA Adi aura anta kA bhAga isa prakAra sUcita kiyA hai - (prArambha) raghuvaMzajaladhicandraM rAvaNavaradanti-pArondram / sItAmudita-mayUromudiramudAramahaM kalaye // 1 // molo nidhAya pANI vANImanizaM namaskRtya / paDitarAjaH kurute TokA kAdhya-prakAzasya // 2 // iyatA'pi buddhivibhavena mohato yAmuSya maavshtvrnnnodymH| api satsu satsu guraNabhAvagauravAvavadhehi vAriNa karavANi sAhasam // 3 // balizAdapi vakradaH kulizAdapi kaThinakarmANaH / garalAdapi mammamido ye kecana tAnnamaskurmaH // 4 // haramauligalitagaGgAvocivicitrAzayAH sudhiyaH / matkRtimatidIrghakRpApAtasudhArasena siJcantu // 5 // ityAdi / aura anta meM ullAsamupasaMharati tadeta iti / itIti grnthsmaaptii|| iti mahAmahopAdhyAya-zrImatpaNDitarAjaviracitakAgyaprakAzaTIkAyAM dazamollAsaH // yaha TIkA 'mithilA mahArAja saMskRta pustakAlaya' meM hai| isakA samaya I0 satrahavIM zatI se kucha pUrva mAnA gayA hai| 1. nyAyazAstra ke prasiddha TIkAgrantha nirmAtAmoM meM gadAdhara bhaTTa ke nAma se vikhyAta hote hue bhI inakI isa TIkA kA adhika paricaya vyApta nahIM huA, yaha pAzcarya hI hai|

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[ 40 ] kAvya-prakAzatilaka- jayarAmI athavA rahasyadIpikA jayarAma nyAyapaJcAnana bhaTTAcArya (san 500 se 1700 I0 ke bIca ) isa TIkA kA ullekha zrIvatsalAJchana tathA bhImasena ne kiyA hai| pITarsana kI riporTa meM isakA kucha aMza pR0 108.106 meM prakAzita huA hai| isI TIkA ko 'jayarAmI' aura 'rahasyadIpikA' bhI kahA jAtA hai| ye 'nyAyasiddhAntamAlA', 'nyAyakusumAJjali' tathA 'tattva-cintAmaNi dIdhiti' nAmaka granthoM ke TIkAkAra se abhinna haiN| inhIM granthoM se pratIta hotA hai ki ye naiyAyika the| ye rAmacandra (athavA rAmabhadra) bhadrAcArya sArvabhauma ke ziSya tathA janArdana vyAsa ke . guru kahe jAte haiM / vizvezvara hI aise lekhaka haiM jinhoMne (nyAya paJcAnana kI upAdhi ke sAtha, apane 'alaGkAra-kaustubha, meM prAya: 6 bAra inake vistRta uddharaNa die haiN| inheM kRSNanagara (baMgAla) ke rAjA rAmakRSNa kA saMrakSaNa prApta thA / inakA samaya sana 1664 I0 mAnA hai| pITarsana kI riporTa bhAga 2 pR0 107 tathA rAjendralAla mitrA ke noTasa pR0 1447 meM bhI isa TIkA ke uddharaNa diye gae haiN| [41 ] (kAvyAlaGkAra)-rahasya-nibandha - bhAskara ( 17vIM zatI I0 se kucha pUrva ) ye bhAskara pUrvokta bhAskara se bhinna haiM / 'narasiMhamanISA' meM lATabhAskara mizra ke nAma se inakA ullekha huA hai| prataH IsA kI satrahavIM zatI se pUrva inakA sthiti kAla mAnA jAtA hai| [ 42 ] sAradIpikA- guNaratna gaNi ( san 1610 (?) I0 ) ye 'kharatara' gaccha ke jinamANikya sUri ke praziSya tathA vinayasamudra gaNi ke ziSya the / inhoMne yaha TIkA apane ziSya ratnavizAla ke adhyayanArtha prAya: 10 hajAra zloka pramANa meM banAI thii| 'bhANDArakara proriyaNTala iMsTITyUTa, . pUnA' kI hastalekha sUcI khaNDa 12, pRSTha 112 para isakA nirdeza hai / isakI hastalikhita prati saM0 1742 meM likhita hai| [ 43 ] kamalAkarI- kamalAkara bhaTTa ( san 1612 I0 ) dharmazAstra ke kSetra meM kamalAkara bhaTTa kA nAma bahuta prasiddha haiN| inhoMne smRti evaM mImAMsA para kaI granthalikhe haiM / inakA nivAsa vArANasI meM thaa|' kahA jAtA hai ki inake vaMzaja aba bhI vArANasI meM vidyamAna haiN| ye rAma kRSNa bhaTTa tathA umAdevI ke putra the| parivAra kI dRSTi se inake prapitA kA nAma rAmezvara bhaTa, pitAmaha kA nAma nArAyaNa bhaTTa aura bar3e bhAI kA nAma dinakara bhaTTa thA / AzvalAyana zAkhIya tathA vizvAmitra gotrIya mahArASTra brAhmaNa kUla meM inake pUrvaja sabhI vidyAvyasanI evaM zAstramarmajJa hae haiN| phalataH ye bhI zrota, smArta, karmakANDa, dharmazAstra, mImAMsA evaM vedAnta darzana ke acche paNDita the / 2 prastuta kAvyaprakAza kI TIkA ke nirmANa kA hetu inakA putra ananta bhaTTa rahA hai| vaise inhoMne TIkA meM likhA hai ki 1. vArANasI ke bhaTTa parivAra meM kamalAkara ke sthAna ke liye bI0 ena0 mANDalika ke 'vyavahAra-mayUkha' pR0 126 meM tathA bhaNDArakara riporTa (1883-84 pR0 50-1) meM bhI dekhiye / 2. inhoMne cAra adhyAya paryanta 'rAmakautuka' grantha kI bhI racanA kI thI, jo ki rAjA rAjasiMha ke mantrI, garIbadAsa ke anurodha para huI thI, aisA ullekha prApta hotA hai|

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kAvyaprakAze TippaNyaH sahasra santi yadyapi / tAmyastvasyA vizeSo baH paNDitaH so'vadhAryatAm / / kamalAkara bhaTTa ne isa TIkA ke anta meM apanA paricaya nimna likhita padyoM se diyA hai guNino'nantaputrasya vinodAya satAM mude / kamalAkara-saMjJena zrama eSa vinirmitaH // tandustakameghaH phariNapatimaNitiH pANinIye prapaJce, nyAye prAyaH pragalmaH prakaTitapaTimA bhaTTazAstrapraghaTTe / prAyaH prAbhAkarIye pathi mathitadurUhAnta-vedAntasindhuH, zrote sAhityakAvye prakharataragatidharmazAstreSu yazca / / yenAkAri prodmaTA vAtikasya, TokA cAnyA vishtimrnthmaalaa| zrIrAmAchyorapitA nirNayeSu, sindhuH zAstre tattvakautUhale ca // ina padyoM tathA 'zrImannArAyaNAkhyAta' ityAdi rAmakRSNa bhaTTa ke paricaya meM pradatta padya se inake prakhara pANDitya evaM aneka zAstroM ke marmajJa hone kA pramANa milatA hai| inhoMne apanI TIkA meM 'somezvara' sarasvatI tIrtha, caNDIdAsa, madhumatIkAra, ravibhaTTAcArya, padmanAbha, paramAnandacakravartI, devanAtha, zrIvatsalAJchana aura pradIpakAra Adi kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAroM ke nAma ullikhita kie haiM / svatantra granthakAroM ke rUpa meM kevala bhojarAja tathA appayadIkSita ke hI nAmoM kA ullekha hai| ye bAlabodhinIkAra ke vidyAguru, sakhArAma bhaTTa ke ativRddhapitAmaha tathA mahArASTrIya the| inhoMne 'nirNaya-sindhu' kI racanA ke anta meM vasuRtuRtamU (1668) mite gate'bde, narapativikramato'tha yAti rodre / tapasi zivatithI samApito'yaM raghupatipAdasaroruhe'pitazca // yaha padya khilA hai / ata: inakA samaya I0 san 1611-12 mAnA gayA hai| isa TIkA kA prakAzana vArANasI se san 1866 meM IOC 3 saM0 1143/361, pR0 327 para uddharaNasahita zrIpapAzAstrI ke sampAdana meM huA hai| isakA 'pro0 bAbUlAla zAstrI zukla ujjaina' ne bhI sampAdana karake saMskaraNa taiyAra kiyA hai jo prakAzanAdhIna hai| [44 ] narasiMhamanISA- ma0 ma0 narasiMha Thakkura ( san 1600 1700 I0 ) ____ inakI TIkA meM-caNDIdAsa, lATabhAskara mizra, subuddhimizra, madhumatIkAra ravi bhaTTAcArya, kaumudIkAra, AlokakAra, yazodharopAdhyAya, mariNasAra, rucikara mizra, paramAnanda cakravartI aura pradIpakAra prAdi kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAroM kA ullekha humA hai| ye gadAdhara Thakkura ke putra the| inakA ghusauta-vipravaMza thaa| ravikara Thakkura se ye pAThaveM puruSa the| inhoMne kamalAkara bhaTTa kI TIkA ko 'abhedAvagamazca prayojanam' isa paMkti kI vyAkhyA meM apane mata kA samarthana karane ke lie 'iti navInAH' kahate hue uddhRta kiyA hai| isI ke AdhAra para inakA samaya satrahavIM zatI I0 kA pUrvArdha mAnA gayA hai| inhoMne apanI TIkA meM svaracita kisI kAvya ke aneka padya udAhRta kie haiN| 'tArAbhakti-sudhArNava' nAmaka tantragrantha kI racanA bhI inhoMne kI thii| ye nyAyazAstra ke pramADa paNDita the| bhImasena ne sudhAsAgarI meM 'nyAyavidyAvAgIza' kaha kara inheM sambodhita kiyA hai| doSanirUpaNAtmaka sAtaveM ullAsa meM inake vidyAbhava aura vinayAdi se sambaddha yaha paJca prApta hotA hai

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doSapradAnapaTavo bahavo'pi dhUrtA, mUkA bhavanti kaThine sarale pragalmAH / mAtarbhavAni ! karavANi tato'tra kA', mA kuNThito'stu mayi te karuNAkaTAkSaH // inakI lekhanazailI bhI naiyAyikatA se pUrNa hai / 'narasiMha-manISA' kevala saptama ullAsa ke pada doSa taka ho upalabdha hotI hai| [ 45 ] maNisAra- ajJAtanAmA ? ( satrahavIM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) 'narasiMha-manISA' meM narasiMha Thakkura ne isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isI AdhAra para inakA samaya IsA kI satrahavIM zatI kA prArambha mAnA gayA hai| anya jAnakArI prApta nahIM hai| [ 46 ] dopikA- zivanArAyaNadAsa 'sarasvatIkamThAbharaNa' ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) zrI zivanArAyaNadAsa ke pitA kA nAma durgAdAsa thaa| 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' inakI sammAnita padavI thii| bebara ne apanI sUcI ke prathama bhAga meM 816 saMkhyA para tathA prau] kTa ne prathama bhAga kI 102 e. saMkhyA para isakA ullekha kiyA hai| inake anya granthoM ke bAre meM bhI prophekTa i, meM 646 bI0 para nirdeza hai| [47 ] rahasyaprakAza- jagadIza bhaTTAcArya ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA pUrvabhAga) ye navadvIpa baGgAla ke nivAsI aura gadAdhara bhaTTa ke sahapAThI the| inhoMne 'zamdazaktiprakAzikA' evaM 'nyAya. cantAmaNi dISiti-vyAkhyA' kA praNayana kiyA thaa| ye bhavAnanda tarkavAgIza ke ziSya the aura unhIM ke lAlana-pAlana meM nyAyazAstra meM niSNAta bane the / dIdhiti TIkA para 'jAgadIzI' TIkA inhIM kI hai| jAgadIzI ke nAma se unakI TIkAeM bhI haiN| inheM 'tarkAlaGkAra' nAma se bhI sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| prauphekTa ne bhAga 1, 101 (mitrA 1651) meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isakI pANDulipi inake ziSya ne zaka 1579%1657 I. meM taiyAra kI thii| [ 48 ] sArasamuccaya- rAjAnaka ratnakaNTha ( san 1648 se 1681 I0 / dhaumyAyana gotrotpanna, zaGkarakaNTha ke putra tathA anantakavi ke pautra ratnakaNTha ne kAvyaprakAza kI 'sArasamanvaya nAmaka isa TIkA meM apane se pUrvavartI aneka prasiddha TIkAkAroM kI TIkAoM kA sAra saGkalita kiyA hai| to 1. vAmanAcArya jhalakIkara ne narasiMha Thakkura ko pradIpakAra kA vaMzaja hI mAnA hai / tathA usake kAraNa-(1) Thakkura upanAma sAmya evaM (2) pradIpakAra ke prati matabheda rahane para bhI prAdara tathA subuddhi mizra aura paramAnanda ke khaNDana meM tucchabhAva prakaTana-die haiN| 2. yaha abhimata kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA ne vyakta kiyA hai| 3. DA0 esa0 ke0 De ne 'jagadIza tarkapaJcAna na bhaTTAcArya' kA ullekha karate hue inheM ukta baMgAlavAsI se bhinna mAnA hai, jabaki kavizekhara badrInAtha jhA tathA zrI dhuNDIrAja sapremAdi vidvAnoM ne prasiddha naiyAyika baMgavAsI ko hI 'rahasyaprakAza' kA kartA mAnA hai| 4. pITarsana riporTa bhAga 2, pra. 17 prAdi para inake dvArA ullikhita lekhakoM kI sUcI dI gaI hai|

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87 bhAskara kI 'sAhityadIpikA' zrIvatsa kI 'sAra-bodhinI', subuddhimizra tathA paNDitarAja kI TIkAe~, paramAnanda kI 'vistArikA' aura govinda kI 'pradIpa' kA samAveza hai| isI meM 'tattvaparIkSA' aura 'rasaratna-dIpikA' nAmaka do anya TIkAmoM ke nAma bhI haiN| sTIna (bhUmikA pR07 Adi) ke kathanAnusAra ye 'rAjataraGgiNI' kI mUla pANDulipi (codex archetypus) ne taiyAra kI thii| inhoMne hI ruyyaka ke saMketa kI pANDulipi I0 1655 meM 'amara' para rAyamukuTa kI TIkA tathA 1673 I0 meM trilocanadAsa kI 'kAtantracandrikA' kI anulipi taiyAra kI thii| inhoMne 1672 I0 meM yudhiSThira-vijayakAgya kI TIkA (pauphekTa i, 486 bI., sTIna, uparyukta grantha) tathA 'stutikusumAJjali-TIkA' (ziSyahitA) kI racanA 1681 I0 meM nirmita kI thii| isI ke AdhAra para inakA sAhitya-racanA kAla 1648 se 1681 I0 mAnA gayA hai| inake uddharaNa pITarsana kI riporTa ii, pR0 126 (tathA ii, 16 prAdi) meM diye gaye haiN| { 4E ] lolA- bhavadeva ( san 1646 I0 racanAkAla ) ye mithilA nivAsI kRSNadeva ke putra tathA bhavadeva Thakkura ke ziSya the| inhoMne 'vedAnta-sUtra' para bhI TIkA likhI hai| prophekTa ii, 20 tathA madrAsa kaiTalaoNga 12824-25 meM isake uddharaNa die haiN| isa TIkA ke antima padya se jJAta hotA hai ki ye zAhajahA~ ke rAjyakAla meM hue the tathA inhoMne prastuta TIkA kI racanA zaka 1571=1646 I0 meM paTanA meM kI thii| [ 50 ] nidarzanA (sArasamuccaya)-- rAjAnaka prAnanda ( san 1665 I0 racanAtithi ) ye kAzmIra ke nivAsI, zaMvAgama ke jJAtA evaM svayaM zava the| inhoMne nidarzanA meM prAcArya mammaTa ke liyeSaTatrizattattva-dIkSAkSapitAntarmala-paTalatvAdizAmbhavapravara-sUcaka vizeSaNoM kA TIkA ke upakrama meM prayoga kiyA hai| sAtha hI zivAgama meM prasiddha 36 tattvoM kA pratipAdana karate hue vyAkhyA meM isa darzana para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isa TIkA ke 'darzana-nidarzana', zitikaNTha-vibodhana' tathA 'pAnandI' jaise anya nAma bhI prApta hote haiM / bUhnara kI kAzmIra-riporTa pR. 66 kI pAdaTippaNI ke anusAra pRSThAnta vivaraNa meM 'iti zrImadrAjAnakAnvayatilakena rAjAnakAnandakena viracitaM kAvyaprakAza-nidarzanam' aisA kahA gayA hai / jaba ki-- sTIna kI jammU pANDulipi meM-'iti zrIkAvyadarzane zitikaNThavibodhane kAvyoha zadarzanaM prathamam'2 aisA vivaraNa diyA hai| pITarsana ke vicAra meM sambhavataH TIkA kA 1. pUrA pATha isa prakAra hai "zivAgamaprasiddhaghA SaTtriMzattattvadIkSAkSapitamalapaTalaH prakaTitasatsvarUpazcidAnandaghano rAjAnakakalatilako mammaTanAmA dezikavaro lokikakAvyasya prakAzane pravRtto'pi 'prAtmatattvaM tatastyaktvA vidyAtattve niyojayet' ityAdi / (prathama ullAsa kA prathama bhAga) tathA 'niyatikRtaniyamarahitA' ityAdi kI TIkA ke prArambha meM "granthasya kAvyaprakAzAparanAmnaH zivatattvaprakAzasyArambhe cikIrSAyAM vighnAstatprakAzapratibandhakAH svasvarUpAkhyAterbhedaprakhyAkAraNaM mAyAdayaH pAzabhUtAH' ityAdi likhakara isI darzana ke anusAra vyAkhyA kI hai| 2. isa TIkA kI (aSTama ullAsAnta) eka prati zrIlAlabahAdurazAstrI kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, dillI ke pANDulipa saMgraha meM bhI prApta hai|

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18 vAstavika nAma 'nivarzana' hai| 'zitikaNThavibodhana' vaikalpika athavA vivaraNAtmaka nAma hai jo zitikaNTha athavA ziva se sambandhita hai jise TIkA ke pATha meM siddha kiyA hai| haoNla ne 'vAsavadattA' kI bhUmikA pR016 meM yaha mAnakara ki yaha grantha zitikaNTha racita hai tathA prAmAda ko samarpita kiyA hai, galatI kI hai| (DaoN. De, saM. kA. zA. kA.i. bhA0 1, pR. 154-155) / dakSiNa mahApAThazAlA Dekkana kAleja, pUnA kI hastalikhita pustakAnukramaNI meM prAnanda kavi ko zrIkaNTha' kahA gayA hai| prastuta TIkA ke prArambha meMpraNamya zAradAM kAvya-prakAzo boSasiddhaye / padArthavivRtidvArA svaziSyebhyaH pravaryate / ityAdi padya diyA hai| [ 51 ] kAvyaprakAzAdarza- mahezvara bhaTTAcArya ( maheza ) ( san 1675 I0 1725 I0 ) ye baGgAla meM pracalita 'dAyabhAga' kI TIkA ke kartA evaM nyAyAlaGkAra' upAdhi se vibhUSita the| inhone prAdarza meM paramAnanda cakravartI kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA 'udAharaNa-candrikA' meM vaidyanAtha tatsat ne inakA ullekha kiyA hai / ataH ina donoM ke madhya 16-18vIM zatAbdI inakA sthitikAla hai aisA tAtparyavivRtti'kAra kA mata hai / 'Adarza' kA dasarA nAma 'bhAvArtha cintAmaNi' hai| jIvAnanda vidyAsAgara dvArA kalakattA se 1876 I0 tathA kalakattA saMskRta sIrija meM 1936 meM isake saMskaraNa prakAzita hue haiN| [ 52 ] kAvyaprakAza-vivaraNa- ma0 ma0 gokulanAtha upAdhyAya ( sana 1675 se 1775 I.) mithilA ke vidyA aura tapa kI siddhi ko prApta vidvAnoM kI prAvAsabhUmi ke rUpa meM suprasiddha 'maGgalavanI' (maMgaronI) nAmaka grAma meM 'pharaNadaha' brAhmaNoM ke vaMza meM utpanna mahAmahopAdhyAya rucipati ke vRddhapautra, sadupAdhyAya harihara ke prapautra, sadUpAdhyAya rAmacandra ke pautra tathA ma0 ma0 vidyAnidhi pItAmbara aura umAdevI ke putra ma0ma0 gokulanAtha kA janmasamaya satrahavIM zatI kA antima caraNa mAnA jAtA hai| isakA prAdhAra inhIM ke dvArA praNIta 'mAsamImAMsA' grantha meM die hae 'asminnevaikatrizadadhikaSoDazazatADite (1631 ) zakakAle vaizAkho malamAsaH' ityAdi vAkya ko mAnA gayA hai| yaha samaya 1706 I0 kA hai| prAyaH 60 varSa kI Ayu meM inakA svargavAsa hA thA / usa samaya inake viyoga se duHkhita ma0ma0 rAmezvara zarmA nAmaka ziSya ne yaha padya likhA thA, jo ki inakI praur3ha vidvattA kA bhI paricAyaka hai -- mAtargokulanAthanAmaka gurovaridevi tubhyaM namaH, pRcchAmo bhavatI mahItalamidaM tyaktvaiva yad gacchasi / bhUloke vasatiH kRtA mama gurau svarge tathA goSpatI, pAtAle phariNanAyake bhagavati ! proDhiH kva lagdhAdhikA // ma0 ma0 gokulanAtha aise sArasvatakula meM utpanna hue the jisameM aneka siddha upAsaka tathA vidyA-vaibhava sampanna puruSa hue haiN| inake jyeSTha bhrAtA ma0 ma0 trilocana tathA ma0ma0 dhanaJjaya aura anuja ma0ma0 jagaddhara bhI apane kSetra ke suprasiddha vidvAn the| ma. ma. raghunAtha (sarvasva dAnadAtA) aura ma. ma. lakSmInAtha nAmaka inake do putra the| inhoMne kulaparamparA se prApta siddhasArasvata mantra kA purazcaraNa karake sarasvatI kI kRpA prApta kI thI, usI kA yaha pariNAma thA ki inakI pratibhA sarvatantra svatantra thii| mithilAdhIza rAghavasiMha tathA TiharI gar3havAla ke nareza phattezAha se inheM pUrNa sammAna prApta thaa|

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sAhitya-racanA kI dRSTi se inake lagabhaga tIsa 30 granthoM kA nAmollekha inhIM ke 'amRtodaya' nATaka kI bhUmikA, 'padavAkya ratnAkara' ke prAmukha, 'mithilAtattvavimarza', 'tIrabhUSita kA itihAsa' tathA 'mithilAnadhyanyAyetihApsa' se prApta hotA hai / inake jIvana meM inakI putrI kAdambarI' kA prakAla meM hI gaGgA ke jala meM DUba jAne se inako gaharA prAghAta huA thaa| jisake pariNAmasvarUpa inhoMne likhA hai ki prAvAM vAva prakRtikRpaNo dUramudyamya bAhU, vikrozAvaH karuNavacanaM putri ! kAdambarIti / ko'sau lokaka iva viSayaH ki pUraM ko nivAsI, yasminnasmadvimukhahRdayA tvaM nilIya sthitAsi // vatse kAdambari tava paraM lokamAsAdayantyA, gaGgA gaGgAdhara iti pitRdvandvamAsIt sahAyaH / hetoH kasmAdapi hi pitarau dvaratastyaktavatyA, dIrghaH panthAH kathamitarathA laGgito'bhUda bhavatyA / / spRSTvA spRSTvA prathamamabhavat kotitA cintitA vA, hetuputrazravaraganayanasvAntasantApazAnteH / saivedAnoM smRtimupagatA ziSyamANena nAmnA, nirdiSTA vA dahati duhitA hanta ! kAdambarI mAm // prastuta 'kAvyaprakAza-vivaraNa' meM amRtodaya, zivazataka, rasamahArNava, madAlasA nATaka tathA padavAkyaratnAkara kA ullekha haa.hai| vivecana kI dRSTi se granthatva ke nirvacana, kAvyalakSaNa, vAcyAdi arthoM ke nirUpaNa, vAcaka zabda ke lakSaNa, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA ke vivecana, saMyogo viprayogazca ityAdi kArikA ke vivaraNa, 'tathAbhUtAm' ityAdi meM arthavyajanottha kAkudhvani ke sthApana, vAcya aura vyaGgya ke samAna vyaGagyoM ke bhI paurvAparya-pradarzana, sAGga rasAdi asaMlakSyakrama vyaGgya ke nirUpaNa, dhvanisaGkara ke udAharaNa tathA guNIbhUtavyaGgyanirUpaNa meM inake dvArA kI gaI vastUvivecanA tathA dArzanika pAlocanApaddhati se vivaraNa ko sarvAtizAyI mAnA gayA hai| 1. ina granthoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM 1. razmicaka (nyAyatattvacintAmaNi-vivaraNa), 2. mAlokavivaraNa (pakSadharIya nyAyacintAmaNi kA Aloka vyAkhyAna) 3. dIdhiti vidyota (raghUnAthIya cintAmaNi dIdhiti TIkA) 4. nyAyasiddhAntatattva 5. dikkAla-nirUpa 6. lAghava-gaurava-rahasya, 7. kusumAJjali vivaraNa, 8 bauddhAdhikAra-vivaraNa, 6. zaktivAda, 10. maktivATa 11. pada-vAkyaratnAkara, 12. khaNDanakuThAra, 13. mithyAtvanirukti (advaitamata-sthApanA) 14. kuNTakAdambarI, 15 kAdambarIpradIpa (dvaitanirNaya TIkA) 16. kAdambarI kIrtizloka, 17. kAdambarI-praznottaramAlA, 18. kAvyaprakAzavivaraNa, 16. rasamahArNava (rasa nibandha) 20. zivastuti (zivazataka) 21. prazocanirNaya (smRtinibandha) 22 vattataraGgiNI, 23. ekAvalI 24. zuddhiviveka, 25. mAsamImAMsA, 26. sUktimuktAvalI, 27. madAlasA nATaka, 28. amRtodaya nATaka. 26. prAdhArAdheyabhAvatattvaparIkSA tathA 30. viziSTa vaiziSTayabodha / inameM kucha grantha chapa cuke haiM aura zeSa chapane kI pratIkSA meM haiN| 2. TIkA meM pratyeka ullAsa ke prArambha aura anta meM kramazaH diye gaye inake ye padya parizIlanIya haiM natvA paramAtmAnaM zrIgokulanAthazarmaraNA rcitaa| kAvyaprakAzakAzaya-TIkA prItyai satAmastu // 1 // pratIva jarjaraH potastaraNIyo mahArNavaH / kevalaM parihAsAya sa mamAyamupakramaH // 2 //

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yaha vivaraNa kevala pAMcave ullAsa ke kucha praza taka hI upalabdha humA hai| isakA sampAdana tIna pANDulipiyoM ke AdhAra para kavizekhara zrIbadrInAtha jhA ne kiyA hai tathA yaha 'sarasvatIbhavana granthamAlA' se 86 saMkhyA meM vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya' se 1961 I0 meM prakAzita huA hai| [ 53 ] udAharaNacandrikA- tatsat vaidyanAtha ( 1683 I0 racanAsamApti kAla ) prastuta TIkA 'kAvyaprakAza' ke udAharaNoM meM pAe hae padyoM kI vyAkhyA evaM tatsambandhI vivecana ko lakSya meM rakhakara likhI gaI hai| isameM caNDIdAsa, subuddhi mizra, dIpikA kAra, cakravartI, maheza Adi pUrvaTIkAkAroM kA nAmollekha huprA hai / yahA~ dIpikAkAra se inakA tAtparya jayanta bhaTTa na hokara govinda bhaTTa ko mAnanA cAhie kyoM ki vaidyanAtha ne jisa mata kA upapAdana dIpikAkAra ke nAma se kiyA hai vaha jayanta bhaTTa kI TIkA meM nahIM milatA / sAtha hI govinda bhaTa ne jo 'udAharaNa-dIpikA' likhI hai vaha bhI udAharaNoM kI vyAkhyArUpa hai| ataH udAharaNasambandhI dUSaNa athavA bhUSaNa kI carcA isI kI ho, yaha ucita hI hai| yahIM maheza kA jo nAmollekha hai usase mahezvara bhaTTAcArya kA grahaNa kiyA jAnA ucita hai kyoM ki 'iti maheza:' kahakara yahA~ jisa aMza kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vaha mahezvara kI prAdarza' TIkA meM prApta hotA hai| vaidyanAtha ne apane kAlAdi ke viSaya meM 'udAharaNacandrikA' ke anta meM likhA hai ki manalpakavikalpitAkhilasavarthamanjUSikAM, sadanvayavibodhikAM vibudhasaMzayocchedikAm / udAharaNayojanAjanana-sajjanAlAdikAmudAharaNacandrikAM bhajata vaidhanAthoditAm // 1 // viyada beda muni kSamA mimite'gve kAtike site / budhASTamyAmimaM granthaM vaidynaatho'bhypuuryt||2|| iti zrImatpada-vAkya-pramANAbhijJa-dharmazAstra-pArAvArapArINa-tatsaviTThalamaTTAtmaja-zrIrAmabhaTTasarisannA baMdyanAthena racitAyAM kAvyaprakAzodAharaNavivRtAvadAharaNacandrikAyAM dazama ullAsa: sampUrNa iti / sambhedo'yamanekazAstrasaritAmAvartate sarvato, yatrAmU_mayanti mammaTagirAM gUDhAzayA granthayaH / * etasyottaraNe mamAvataratastIraM taraNDaM mavedeko durghaTavastujAta ghaTanAkRtye ptturghjttiH||3|| lakSmI taDitpayodasya kAruNyAmRtabindubhiH / virarAma maruprAntakAntArataraNathamaH // 4 // udaghAtinIyamavanirbhavanaM vidUre, pAnthA: skhalanti viSameNa ca saJcarante / hastAvalambamiha me vitanotu gaurI-vakSojaparvatapulindavapuH purAriH // 5 // rasasyAntana majjanti rasamamtana bibhrati / pArepUramalAbUni prayAnti tarasA balAta // 6 // manthAnamandaragiribhramaNaprayatnAda, ratlAni kAnicana kenaciduddhRtAni / nanvasti sAmpratamapArapayodhipUra-garbhAvaTasthagita eSa garago maNInAm // 7 // nigamAGga gaNedhanvanyanUpe cAdhvani dhvane: / samaM pracarata: kRSNapAthoda ! tvayi nirbharaH // // pAdAH pAdakarAkrameNa zanakairgatyA nitamboccayA, vakroccAvacamArgadurgataraNadrotyena gnnddoplaaH| eSA mekhalayA nibandhahaDhayA tIrNA mayA mekhalA, prApto madhyamasAnuratra girijAhastAvalambo gatiH // 6 //

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11 isake AdhAra para ye (mahAdeva tathA veNI ke putra evaM nAgojI bhaTTa ke ziSya maithila vaiyAkaraNa vaidyanAtha se bhinna) tatsat vaMzIya viTThalabhaTTa ke pautra tathA zrIrAmabhaTTa (rAmabudha athavA rAmacandra) ke putra the| bhImasena aura nAgeza bhaTTa ne inakA ullekha kiyA hai| inake dvArA sUcita samaya ke anusAra ukta candrikA kA racanA kAla san 1683 I hai| inhoMne kAvyaprakAza para govinda Thakkura ko TIkA 'kAvyapradIpa' para 'prabhA' TIkA tathA kuvalayAnanda para palaDAracandrikA' TIkA bhI likhI hai / ye naiyAyika the| 'tiSThet kopavazAt' ityAdi 319veM udAharaNa meM 'svayi' nayarthI ko kiyArthopapavasya' ityAdi sUtra se 'karmaNi caturthI' aisA na kahakara 'tumarthAcca bhAvavacanAta' isa satra se caturthI kahI hai| 'udAharaNa candrikA' ke uddharaNa pITarsana kI riporTa bhA0 2, e, 108 meM, Scc. vii, 54 meM tathA 10C. iii, 1151943 meM diye haiN| [ 54 ] TIkA-vijayAnanda ( san 1683 I0 pANDulipi kI tithi ) isa TIkA kI pANDulipi 'Dekkana kAleja pUnA' ke kaMTalaoNga meM pR0 44 para die gae saMketa ke anusAra prApta hotI hai / pANDulipi meM dI gaI tithi 1683 I0 hai / ataH yaha isa samaya se kucha pUrva nirmita huI hogii| [ 55 ] prabhA (praTIkA)- tatsat vaidyanAtha ( 1684 I0 racanA prArambhakAla ) tatsata vaidyanAtha ne hI yaha praTIkA govinda Thakkura kI kAvyapradIpa' nAmaka TIkA para likhI hai / isakI racanA inhoMne 'udAharaNacandrikA' kI racanA ke bAda hI kI hai| isakA pramANa hameM isa 'prabhA' ke prathama ullAsa meM svayaM vaidyanAtha ne 'tadadoSau zabdArthoM' isa sUtra ke prasaGga meM likhA hai ki-"udAharaNazlokArthastu vistareNAsmatkRtodAharaNacandrikAyAM draSTavyaH" iti se prApta hai| inhoMne prabhA meM mUlabhUta 'pradIpa' ke anusAra naiyAyika mata se hI vyAkhyAna kiyA hai. jo ki udyotakAra ke samAna hai vaiyAkaraNa mata ke anusAra nhiiN| isa AdhAra para inakA naiyAyika honA spaSTa hai| prastuta 'prabhA' ke anta meM likhita-'iti zrImatsakalazAstradhurandharatatsadupAsya-zrIrAmamaTTasanuvaidhanAthakRtAyAM kAvyapradIpa-vyAkhyAyAM pramAkhyAyAM dazama ullaasH|" yaha puSpikA bhI udAharaNacandrikA kI puSpikA se sAmya rakhatI hai| . 'isa praTIkA kA prakAzana pradIpa' ke sAtha zrIdurgAprasAda tathA ke0 pI0 paraba dvArA, nirNaya sAgara presa-bambaI se 1861, 1912 I0 meM huA hai| bambaI se hI 1633 aura 1941 I0 meM zrI esa0 esa0 sukhaTaNakara ke sampAda meM bhI prakAzana huA hai| [ 56 ] sumanomanoharA- gopInAtha ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA antima bhAga ra0 kA0 ) ye 'sAhityadarpaNa' kI 'prabhA' TIkA tathA 'raghuvaMta' ke TIkAkAra zrI gopInAtha 'kavirAja' ke nAma se (aAdhunika nahIM) prasiddhi prApta the| prophekTa bhAga 1, pR0 1.1 bI0 madrAsa Trm C.712 para tathA prauphekTa I0 bhA0 150 162 bI0 para bhI inakA ullekha hai| raghuvaMza kI TIkA inhoMne 1677 I0 meM likhI thI, isI ke AdhAra para yaha samaya mAnA gayA hai| 1. isakI eka pANDulipi zrI lAlabahAdurazAstrIya kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha dillI ke anusandhAna vibhAga meM bhI hai|

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[ 57 ] TokA-nArAyaNa dIkSita ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA anta bhAga ) ye raMganAtha dIkSita ke putra tathA bAlakRSNa dIkSita ke bhrAtA the| raMganAtha ne 'vikramorvazIyam' para prapanI TIkA 1656 I0 meM samApta kI thii| ataH inakA samaya 17vIM zatI I0 kA antabhAga nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai prophe kTa bhA0 1, 101 bI0 (202 e0 pR0 155 draSTavya hai)| [58 ] bRhada udyota- nAgezabhaTTa ( 17vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha ) yaha TIkA ma0ma0 govinda Thakkura racita kAvya-prakAza kI vyAkhyA para likhI huI praTIkA hai| nAgeza bhaTTa kA. apara nAma nAgojI bhaTTa bhI hai| inhoMne caNDIdAsa, udAharaNa-dIpikAkAra tathA paramAnanda cakravartI kA apanI TokA meM ullekha kiyA hai| tathA kahIM 'iti kecit, ityanye iti pare, iti dAkSiNAtyAH iti kuvalayAnandakRt' likhA hai| inakA vaMza paricaya inake hI zabdenduzekhara, vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntamaJjUSA, uddyota, marmaprakAza tathA anya aneka granthoM ke prArambha aura anta bhAgoM meM diyA hai / tadanusAra ye AzvalAyanazAkhIya mahArASTra brAhmaNa, 'kAle' tathA 'upAdhyAya' upanAmaka paM0 zivabhaTa aura satIdevI ke putra the| inakA nivAsasthAna vArANasI thA aura 'zRgaverapura' (ilAhAbAda ke nikaTa prAja kA ziMga daura') ke rAjA rAmasiMha ke kRpApAtra the| 'vaiyAkaraNa-siddhAnta kaumudI' mahAvaiyAkaraNa ke nirmAtA bhaTrojI dIkSita ke pautra zrIhari dIkSita ke ziSya tathA bAlambhaTTa upanAmaka vaidyanAtha ke guru the / "yAcakAnAM kalyatarorarikakSahatAzanAt / zRGgaverapurAdhIzAd rAmato labdhajIvikaH / nAgezabhaTTaH kurute praNamya zivayA zivam / kAvyapradIpakodyotamati gUDhArthasaMvide / / iti zrImadupAdhyAyopanAmaka-zivabhaTTasuta-satIgarbhaja-nAgojIbhaTTakRte laghupradIpodyote dazama ullAsaH' ityAdi paMktiyoM se inakA paricaya hotA hai| bhAnUdatta kI 'rasamaJjarI' para inakI 'iNDiyA Aphisa' kI pANDulipi kI tithi mAgha, saMvat 1766 pharavarI 1713 I0 kI hai| yaha tathA aise hI kucha anya AdhAroM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue inakA janma samaya 17vIM zatI kA antima caraNa mAnA gayA hai| inake bAre meM yaha kiMvadantI pracalita hai ki bacapana meM inakA mana adhyayana meM nahIM lagatA thaa| phalata: ye vidyA. bhyAsa ko chor3a svecchAnusAra mitroM ke sAtha vyartha samaya bitAyA karate the| eka bAra inake kulakramAgata paurohitya vatti ke prasaGga se inakA koI yajamAna vArANasI AyA aura usane 'paNDita sabhA' kii| usameM jo pramukha paNDita ke baiThane kA prAsana thA usa para ye dhRSTatApUrvaka jA baitthe| taba kisI paNDita ne inakI bhartsanA kI, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa glAni kA anubhava karate hae inhoMne yaha nirNaya kiyA ki "yA to maiM sarasvatI ko prasanna kara vidyAprApta karU~gA, nahIM to svayaM unako apanI bali car3hA duuNgaa|" . . isa nirNaya ke anusAra kisI se mantragrahaNa kara dinarAta usakA japa kiyA aura vidyA prApta kii| zrInAgeza bhaTTa kA bahumukhI vaiduSya unake dvArA racita (1) bRhanmaJjUSA, (2) ladhumaJjUSA, (3) paramalaghumaJjUSA (4) bRhacchabdenduzekhara (5) laghuzabdenduzekhara, (6) paribhASenduzekhara (7) laghuzabdaratna (8) maTTojIdIkSitakRta kaustubha kI 'viSamI' nAmaka TIkA (8) kaiyaTa kRta pradIpa vyAkhyA aura vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA uddyota-nAmakavyAkhyA kA jJApaka saMgraha (10) pratyAkhyAna-saMgraha tathA (11) ekazrutivAda nAmaka vyAkaraNa kA grantha (12) prAyazcitendazekhara (13) prAcArenduzekhara (14) tIrthe duzekhara (15) zrAddhenduzekhara (16) kAlenduzekhara prAdi bAraha zekhara rA

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tathA anya, azaucanirNaya, sApiNDaya pradIpa Adi dharmazAstrIya grantha, yogazAstra para 'yogavRtti', bAlmIkirAmAyaNaTIkA', adhyAtma-rAmAyaNa TIkA aura durgAsaptazatI kI TIkA ke atirikta kAvyazAstrIya granthoM para (1) kAvyaprakAza kI TIkA'kAvya pradIpa' para 'bRhad uddyota' tathA (2) 'laghu uddyota' (3) kAvyaprakAza para 'udAharaNa-dIpikA' athavA 'pradIpa (4) rasagaDAdhara para 'gurumarmaprakAzikA' (5) kuvalayAnanda para 'alaGkAra-sudhA' tathA (6) viSamapada vyAkhyA SaTpadAnanda, (7) rasamaJjarI para 'prakAza' evaM (8) rasataraGgiNI para eka TIkA likhI hai| 'kAvyapradIpa' para likhI yaha TIkA pradIpakAra ke prAzaya ko prakaTa karane meM bahuta saphala siddha huI hai| isameM udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upasthApita padyoM kI vyAkhyA karate samaya vaidyanAtha kI 'udAharaNacandrikA' ko hI avikala, vikala athavA pariSkRta rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai tathApi vaidyanAtha kI 'prabhA' kA vyAkhyAna jahA~ inheM ThIka nahIM pratIta hA hai vahA~ tathA jahAM unhoMne koI vyAkhyAna nahIM kiyA hai, aise sthaloM para apane matAnusAra abhinava vyAkhyA kI hai| isakA prakAzana-'uddyota' aura 'pradIpa' sahita, AnandAzrama sIrija meM 1911 I0 meM tathA saM0 pATha pradIpasahita adhyAya 1, 2, 7 aura 10 ullAsa apanI aMgrejI bhUmikA sahita pro0 cAndorakara dvArA pUnA se kiyA gayA hai| [ 56 ] laghu udyota-nAgeza bhaTTa ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) ___ nAgojI bhaTTa kI hI yaha praTIkA 'bRhad uddyota' meM varNita kisI viSaya ko kucha saMkSipta karake athavA kahIM bhinna AnupUrvI se tAtparya ko vyakta karate hue zabdabheda se likhI gaI hai| TIkAkAra ne jisa prakAra vyAkaraNa granthoM meM bRhad aura laghu nAma se eka grantha ko do rUpoM meM likhA hai, usI prakriyA kA yahAM bhI anukaraNa huA hai| [ 60 ] udAharaNa-dIpikA athavA 'pradIpa- nAgeza bhaTTa I0 ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA uttarArdha) nAgeza bhaTTa kI yaha tIsarI kAvyaprakAza para likhI huI svatantra TIkA hai / isakA ullekha tathA uddharaNa sTIna ne apanI riporTa meM pR0 27, 268 para tathA prophekTa ne bhAga 2 pR0 19vI. para kiyA hai| [61 ] viSamapadI-zivarAma tripAThI ( 18voM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) inake pitA kA nAma kRSNarAma, pitAmaha kA nAma triloka candra tathA bhAiyoM ke nAma govindarAma, makundarAma aura kezavarAma the| zivarAma tripAThI ke granthoM aura TIkAoM kI saMkhyA 34 hai| sTIna ne apanI riporTa meM pR0 292 para sacita kiyA hai ki inake 'rAvaNapuravadha' nAmaka granya ke anta meM lekhaka ne apanI racanAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake granthoM meM 'rasaratnahAra' tathA usakI 'lakSmI-vihAra' nAmaka TIkA saM0 kAvyamAlA gucchaka (1870) pR0 118-140 para chapI hai| 'alaGkAra-samudgaka, vAsavadattA kI TIkA, chandaHzAstraviSayaka-kAvya-lakSmI-prakAza' athavA vihAra' tathA siddhAntakaumudI para 'vidyAvilAsa' nAmaka TIkA Adi haiM / ye apekSAkRta arvAcIna lekhaka haiM, kyoMki inhoMne 'paribhASenda zekhara' ke uddharaNa diye haiN| ataH inakA samaya 18vIM zatI kA prArambha mAnA gayA hai| phiTaja eDavarDa haoNla, bigliyothikA iNDikA saMskaraNa 1856 meM inheM vAsavadattA kA TIkAkAra tathA prastuta 'viSamapadI' Adi ke lekhaka zivarAma se abhinna mAnA hai| 'jarnala oNpha di amerikana poriyaNTala sosAyaTI 24, 57-63' meM inake sambandha meM vizeSa jAnakArI dI gaI hai| anya granthoM kA vivaraNa prauphekTa / 652 bI0 tathA sTIna kA jammU kaiTalaoNga pR0 262 para draSTavya hai| kalahAna ne 'viSamapadI' ke bAre meM senTrala prAbinsa kaiTalaoNga' meM pR0 107 para ullekha kiyA hai| TIkA ke nAma ke AdhAra para yaha

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kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha TIkA kAvyaprakAza ke kliSTa padoM ko spaSTa karane kI dRSTi se likhI gaI hai| [ 62 ] sudhAsAgara ( zubhodadhi )- bhImasena dIkSita ( san 1722 I.) prAcArya dIkSita ne apanI TIkA meM prAya: 17 TIkAkAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unameM baGgIya naiyAyika adhika haiN| sAtha hI isa TIkA meM inhoMne apanA paricaya bhI yatheSTa rUpa meM diyA hai| yathA zrImacchANDilyavaMze kRtavividhamakha: kItimAn dIkSito'bhUda, gaGgAdAsa: prasiddhaH suragurusa dRza: kAnyakubjAgragaNyaH / tasmAd vIrezvarAkhyastanaya iha mahAmAgyavAna viSNubhakto, jAtaH saGkIrtanIyaH sakalabudhajanabhUpatInAM samAsu // 2 // tasmAcchomuralIdharo hi kavitApANDityapuNyAvadhijatistasya sutau trilocana-zivAnando guNastatsamo / zaive vA pathi vaiSNave samarasa: zrImacchivAnandataH, saJjAtaH kila 'bhImasena' iti sadvidyAvinodI kaviH // 4 // aura vahIM kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA ke bAre meM likhate hue ve kahate haiM kvAhaM mandamatiH kva cAtigahana: kAvyaprakAzAbhidho, granthaH kutra sahAyatA kaliyuge kutrAsti ziSTAdaraH / yukto naiva mahAprabandharacane yatnastathApi dhra vaM zrIkRSNAghrisarojasevanaparaH zaGkha na kiJcit kvacit // 6 // X zakyaH paNDitamAninAM na vijayaH sAkSAt kathaJcit surAcAryeNApi punaH satAmanucitaH praur3hA ca vaagdevtaa| ityAlocya vivAdabuddhividhuro garviSTha garvApahapranthaM vidvadamandasammadapavaM kurve sudhAsAgaram // 14 // X vyAkhyAtaM hi purA'tra yaH sukavayaH sarve mahApaNDitAste vandyAH sutarAM na teSu mama ko'pyastyAgrahaH spadhitum / kintugranthasahasra sAramapi yavRttyA viruddhaM vacastatkSantuM na samutsahe na ca punarbhItiH surejyAdapi // 17 // abhyAsa. paJcamAbvAt sakalasukhaparityAgapUrva kRto yo, nAnAzAstreSu nityaM nishittrdhiyaa'tyntraagaanuvRttyaa| tasyedAnoM phalaM me bhavatu sahRdayasvAntasantoSakAri, zrImatkAvyaprakAzojjvalavivRtimayaM zrIsudhAsAgarAkhyam // 18 //

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isa prakAra zANDilyavaMzIya kAnyakubja gaGgAdAsa dIkSita ke vaza meM zivAnanda ke putra bhImasena dIkSita bhagavadbhakta, aneka zAstroM ke marmajJa tathA kavi the| inhoMne yadyapi anyAnya pUrvavartI TIkAkAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai tathApi mukhyarUpa se govinda Thakkura kI 'kAvyapradIpa', zrIvatsalAJchana kI 'sArabodhinI' aura paramAnanda cakravartI kI vistArikA TIkA ke mUlAMzoM kA uddharaNa paryAptarUpa meM liyA hai| kintu jahA~ kAvyaprakAza ke viruddha kucha likhA gayA hai usakA apane matAnusAra yukti-prayukti dvArA khaNDana karane meM soca bhI nahIM kiyA hai| prAcArya bhImasena pramukhataH vaiyAkaraNa the, isIlie inhoMne "iti tArkikAH, iti jarannayAyikAH, iti navInatAkikA" ityAdi vAkyoM dvArA tAkikoM ke matoM kA nirdeza karake khaNDana kiyA hai| zrIdIkSita ke 'alaGkAra-sAroddhAra' tathA 'kuvalayAnandakhaNDana' nAmaka granthoM kI racanA kA bhI kAvyaprakAza kI isa TIkA meM die gae ullekhoM se patA calatA hai| 'kuvalayAnandakhaNDana' kA lekhana ajitasiMha (1680.1725 I.) ke rAjya meM jodhapura meM huA thaa| isakA samaya kAvyaprakAza kI sudhAsAgarI TIkA ke anta meM inhoMne isa prakAra diyA haisaMvadgrahAzvamunibhU (1776) mAse madhau sudi / trayodazyAM somavAre samApto'yaM sudhodadhiH // 1 // isa TrIkA kA prakAzana ma0 ma0 nArAyaNazAstrI khiste ke sampAdana meM 'caukhambA saMskRta sIrija, ke 56 ve grantha ke rUpa meM vArANasI se 1727 I0 meM haprA hai| [63 ] sAhityakaumudI-baladeva vidyAbhUSaraNa ( 17vIM zatI I0 kA prArambha ) ye kevala vidyAbhUSaNa ke nAma se bhI prasiddha haiN| rAdhAdAmodaradAsa tathA gopAladAsa ke ziSya aura uddhavadAsa ke guru the| svayaM vaiSNava evaM caitanyasampradAya ke anuyAyI hone ke kAraNa inhoMne aneka vaiSNava granthoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| madhva tathA caitanya-matAnuyAyiyoM meM samanvaya sthApita karane kA sadA inakA prayatna rhaa| mUlataH ye ur3IsA ke nivAsI the| kAvyaprakAza kI kArikAnoM ko sUtra athavA bharatasUtra kahate hue inhoMne apanI TIkA ko bharatasUtravRtti' apara nAma 'sAhityakaumudI' diyA hai| isakI yojanA kAvyaprakAza ke anurUpa hI hai kintu zabda evaM arthagata alaDrAroM para gyArahavAM adhyAya atirikta hai / isa taraha yaha eka TIkA hone ke sAtha hI svatantra grantha bhI kahA jAtA hai| inakI uparyakta TIkA ke atirikta anya racanAe~ 'vedAnta-sUtra' para 'govinda bhASya' tathA 'prameya-ratnAvalo' haiN| prophekTa ke kathanAnusAra 'utkalikA-vallari' para inakI TIkA 1765 I. meM likhI gaI thii| [ 64 ] (ka) kRSNAnandinI svopajJa TippaNI- baladeva vidyAbhUSaNa (18 za0 prA0) baladeva vidyAbhUSaNa ne hI svaracita 'sAhityakaumudI' para svopajJa TippaNI likhI hai| prAlavAra granthasUcI, prAphekTa, bhANDArakara, pITarsana evaM vizvabhAratI (1466) kI sUktiyoM meM isakA ullekha huA hai| 'kRSNAnandinI' sahita 'sAhityakomuMdI' kA prakAzana zrI zivadatta tathA ke0 pI0 paraba ke sampAdana meM nirNaya sAgara presa, bambaI se 1867 I0 meM huA hai|

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66 [ 65 ] tAtparya vivRti- ma0ma0 mahezacandradeva nyAyaratna (1882 I0 racanAkAla ) ye baGgAla ke rahanevAle tathA kalakattAsthita rAjakIya mahAvidyAlaya ke pradhAna AcArya the| inhoMne apanI isa TIkA ko 1882 I0 meM pUrNa kiyA thaa| yahI samaya vAmanAcArya jhalakIkarajI kA bhI rahA hai| eka-dUsare se dUra-dUra rahate hue bhI ye paraspara parAmarza karake apanI-apanI TIkAeM likha rahe the|' isa vivRti kA AkAra choTA hI hai kintu yaha sarala evaM bAlopayogI hai / isameM jayarAma, vaidyanAtha, nAgeza aura prAnanda kavi kI TIkAoM kA ullekha bhI hayA hai| isakA prakAzana kalakattA se huA thaa| [66 ] bAlabodhinI- ma0 ma0 vAmanAcArya jhalakIkara (1882 I0 racanAkAla) ye mahArASTa ke jhalakI' grAma ke nivAsI the| inake mAtA-pitA kA nAma sarasvatI aura rAmacandra thA tathA nyAyakozakAra zrI bhImAcArya jhalakIkara ke ye laghUbhrAtA the| inakA gotra zAlaGkAyana aura taittirIya zAkhA thii| ye pUrNaprajJa siddhAntAnuyAyI evaM viTThala prabhu ke bhakta the / kAvyaprakAza ko uparyukta vyAkhyA ke anta meM Apane apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA deze mahA mahArASTre panane puNyanAmake / pradhAnapAThazAlAyAmAGa glabhUpaniyogataH // alaGkAra-vyAkaraNAdhyApakena sumedhasA / karNATake janapade nAnAvidyAvibhUSite // bijApuraprAntajuSA jhalakogrAmavAsinA / sarasvatIgarbhabhuvA mahArASTradvijanmanA // rAmacandratanUjeta vAmanAcAryazarmaNA / kAvyaprakAzaTIkeyaM prathitA baalbodhinii|| zAke vedanamo'STendu (1804) pramite mAsi kAtike / sampUritA zuklapakSe TokeyaM pratipattiyo / prastata TIkA meM aneka prAcIna TIkAkAroM kI TIkAoM kA pAloDana kara Avazyaka sAmagrI kA saGkalana kiyA gayA hai| svayaM vAmanAcAryajI ne isake sambandha meM likhA hai - prayatnena ca sagRhya samAlocya ca yatnataH / sAraM tAmyaH samutya TIkeyaM kriyate mayA // bAlabodhinI meM pUrvAcAryoM kA abhiprAya kahIM-kahIM avikala rUpa se to kahIM anuvAda ke rUpa meM diyA hai| udadhata sAmagrI meM TIkAkAroM ke nAma bhI die haiM aura jahA~ vyAkhyA sulabha nahIM huI vahA~ svayaM ne byAkhyA kI hai| isameM aneka sthaloM para matabhedapUrvaka kI gaI vyAkhyAoM kA tathA uddhRta udAharaNoM ke sandarbha Adi kA ullekha eva kaThina sthaloM kA vyAkhyAna tathA bhAvArtha dene se TIkA kA kalevara bar3ha gayA hai kintu isase bAlakoM ko bodha dene kA uddezya avazya pUrNa huA hai| isa TIkA ke nirmANa ke samaya vidvAn TIkAkAra ne tatkAlIna vidvAnoM se parAmarza bhI liyA thA jinameM paNDita rAmakRSNa bhANDArakara, paM0 bhImAcAryajI, mahezacandradeva Adi pramukha the| isakA prathama prakAzana 1883 I0 meM hayA thA aura Aja taka uttarottara zuddhi-vRddhi sahita kaI saMskaraNa chapa cuke haiM / isakI bhUmikA meM TIkAkAroM ke bAre meM aneka tathya prastuta kiye haiM jo uttaravartI adhyetAoM ke liye paramopayogI siddha hue haiN| TIkA kI racanA kA uddezya inhoMne nimna padya se vyakta kiyA hai| kAvyaprakAza-gambhIra-bhAvabodho na cAnyataH / iti hetormayA yatnaH kRto'yaM viduSAM mude // Ajakala yahI eka kAvya prakAza kI aisI TIkA hai, jisakA adhyayana-adhyApana meM bahuta hI pracAra hai| 1. kahIM kahIM 'vivRti' ke sthAna para 'vivaraNa' nAma bhI diyA hai| bhalakIkarajI ne apane kAvyaprakAza aura usakI TIkAvAle saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA meM inake sAtha hae patra-vyavahAra kA ullekha kiyA hai / dra0. pR0. 30 /

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[ 64 ] nAgezvarI - paM0 harizaGkara zarmA ( 16vIM zatI I0 ) ye mithilA ke antargata vRddhavAcaspati ke janmasthala 'ThAr3hI' nAmaka grAma meM utpanna hue the| inhoMne 'pAtaJjalamahAmAdhya' kA 'vivaraNa' evaM kucha anya granthoM kI racanA kI thii| isI paramparA meM kAvyaprakAza kI 'nAgezvarI' TIkA banI hai| inakA samaya 16vIM zatI kA uttarArdha hai| isakA prakAzana vArANasI se zrI DI0 prA0 zAstrI dvArA (caukhambA ) kAzI saMskRta sIrija kra0 49 meM san 1926 meM huA hai / [ 65 ] TIkA- jIvAnanda vidyAsAgara ( 16vIM zatI I0 ) isakA prakAzana kalakattA se 1866 tathA 1867 meM huA hai / zrI jIvAnanda vidyAsAgara ne saMskRta-sAhitya ke uddhAra ke lie bar3A prayatna kiyA thaa| kalakattA meM rahate hue inhoMne jahA~ sAhityika granthoM kA prakAzana kiyA vahIM svayaM TIkA-praTIkAe~ likhakara bhI sAhityika kI zrIvRddhi kI hai| kucha nATakoM para bhI inakI TIkAeM prApta hotI haiN| kAvyaprakAza para inakI isa TIkA kA ullekha kaMTalAgasa kaMTalAgaram meM huA hai| mahezvara nyAyAlaGkAra racita 'Adarza' TIkA kA sampAdana bhI inhoMne 1876 meM karake prakAzita kiyA thA / [ 66 ] candrikA kavIndrAcArya [ san 1948 ] kaM0 kaM meM isakA sUcana hai / 67 - [ 67 ] madhusUdanI - paM0 madhusUdana zAstrI ( 1672 I0 racanA pUrtikAla ) prastuta TIkA ke kartA kAzI hindUvizvavidyAlaya ke sAhityavibhAga ke bhUtapUrva prAdhyApaka tathA vahA~ kI prAcyazAkhA ke pramukha paM0 rAmajIlAla zAstrI ke putra paM0 madhusUdana zAstrI haiN| inhoMne apanI TIkA ke anta meM apanA vaMzaparicaya, TIkA - nirmANa kA uddezya evaM racanAkAla Adi kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai| kucha padya isa prakAra haiM prAsUta rAmo viduSAM vareNyo vaktAvarI zrI madhusUdanAryam / mahAtmanastasya kRtau vyaraMsIt kAvyaprakAze madhusUdanIyam // granthe dRDhe sumatinA'pi na boddhumarhA, vyAkhyAzatairapi ca gaDDalikApravAhaiH / the, tetra dhIbhiranuzIlana mArgato me, doSAH svataH sphuraNamAyurato na paGkam // X X X kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaye sAhityabhAgake / adhyakSatvaM tathA prAcyazAkhApramukhatAM bhajana // X X X nanda - haSTi - viyadazvi sammite vatsare ghavala-mAdhave zive / pUrNatAmiyamagAt kRtistathA sadgatirbhagavatI prasIdatAt // isake anusAra yaha 'madhusUdanI' kAvyaprakAza kA anuzIlana vi0 saM0 2026 meM pUrNa huA hai| isI TIkA ko lakSya meM rakhakara zAstrIjI ne 'bAlakrIDA' nAmaka hindI TIkA bhI likhI hai /

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18 ____TIkA ke lekhana meM zAstrIjI ne paryApta cintana prastuta kiyA hai tathA 'kAvyaprakAza' meM 'lekhAzuddhi', 'viSayA. zuddhi' tathA 'prasaGgAsaGgati' ke AdhAra para zuddhipUrvaka prAyaH navIna pATha jor3ane kI bhI preraNA dI hai| .. zrImadhusUdana zAstrIjI ne 'kAvyamImAMsA' kI TIkA likhane se prArambha karake rasagaGgAdharAdi prAyaH 18 pranyoM para TIkAe~ likhI haiN| ... isa TIkA kA prakAzana 'ThAkura prasAda eNDa sansa, bukaselara-vArANasI' ne san 1972 I. meM kiyA hai| [68] TIkA- sadAziva dIkSita ( 1972 I0) solana (zimalA-himAcala pradeza) meM ma0ma0 zrImathurAnAtha jI dIkSita ke putra zrIsadAziva dIkSita ne isa TIkA ke bAre meM svaracita 'karpUrastavarAja' kI TIkA ke pRSThAnta-vivaraNa meM ullekha kiyA hai| sambhavata: yaha paMjAba vizvavidyAlaya kI parIkSA meM nirdhArita kAvyaprakAza ke kucha aMzoM para likhI gaI (?) TIkA hogii| [66 ] bAlabodhinI-vidyAsAgarI-- chajjUrAma zAstrI vidyAsAgara (1974 I0) ma0 ma0paM0 chajjUrAmajI zAstrI vidyAsAgara vartamAna meM dillI meM nivAsa karate haiM / prAcIna pIr3hI ke paNDita hone ke nAte inakA vaiduSya vyApaka hai| nyAyAdi darzana, vyAkaraNa tathA sAhitya meM bahuta-sI kRtiyA~ inhoMne likhI haiN| prastuta TIkA kI racanA ke prArambha meM TIkAkAra ne maGgalAcaraNa meM hI likhA hai ki praNipatya gaNAdhIza mAtaraM pitaraM tathA / udbhaTa kAvyasAhitye mammaTaM ca budhottamam / / kurukSetraprajaninA, indraprasthanivAsinA / mahAmahopAdhyAyena chajjUrAmeNa zAstriNA // vAmanAcArya-TIkAtaH sAramAkRSya yatnataH / kAvyaprakAzasya nidheH kujikeya vidhIyate / / tathA prathama ullAsa ke anta meM "iti mahAmahopAdhyAyachajjUrAmazAstrividyAsAgareNa kRtAyAM kAvya-prakAzaTokAyAM parIkSAtyAyAM kAvyasvarUpanirNayo nAma prathama ullAsaH / ' ina uddharaNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki zAstrIjI kI yaha TIkA jhalakIkarajI kI TIkA ke sArAMza ke rUpa meM taiyAra huI thI, inhIM aMzoM ke anta meM likhA gayA hai ki yaha 'kuJjikA' hai, isakA nAma 'parIkSA' hai| kahIM 'bAlabodhinI' nAma diyA hai to kahIM 'vidyaasaagrii'| upalabdhAMza ke nirIkSaNa se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki yaha TIkA parIkSArthiyoM kI suvidhA ke liye banAI gaI thii| 1. yaha TIkA taiyAra karake zAstrIjI ne prakAzanArtha dI thI, kintu durdaivavaza vaha lupta ho gii| isakA prathama ullAsa hI pratilipi ke rUpa meM abhI prApta hai|

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kAvya-prakAza ke alpa-paricita tathA aparicita TIkAkAra uparyukta TIkAkAroM ke atirikta kAvyaprakAza ke aise bhI bahuta se TIkAkAra haiM jinake deza, kAla athavA TIkAnAma Adi pUrNa rUpa se prApta nahIM hote haiN| ina meM kucha alpa-paricita haiM jinake TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM saMketa yatra tatra anyoM se prApta hote haiM, kucha aise bhI haiM jinakI TIkA ke nAma hI prApta haiM kintu lekhaka ke nAma nhiiN| isa prakAra ke ullikhita TIkAkAra tathA TIkAoM ke nAma hama yahA~ akArAdi krama se prastuta kara rahe haiM[1] arthanirNaya - isa TIkA kA ullekha anI (Ani) pablika/paNDita lAibrerI, po0 benI bAjAra, silahaTa (AsAma) kI 'hastalikhita grantha-sUcI' meM hai, aisA 'keTalAgasa kaiTalAgaram' meM aMkita hai| jaisalamera (rAja.) se isake mudrita hone kA bhI saMketa hai| [ 2 ] avacUrI-TippaNI- rAghava (samaya ajJAta) yaha avacUri atyanta saMkSipta TippaNI mAtra hai / isameM na to kisI TIkAkAra kA nAmollekha hai aura na hI apane viSaya meM kucha likhA hai| kevala paJcama ullAsa ke anta meM "iti paJcamollAsame rAghavenAvacUritaH" itanA hI ullekha hai / yaha avacUri bhI sampUrNa na hokara kevala saptama ullAsa ke ardhabhAga taka hI hai| kaI vidvAnoM ne rAghava ko suri, prAcArya aura jana bhI likhA hai para yaha saMzayapUrNa hI hai| jhalakIkarajI ne apanI kAvyaprakAza kI bhUmikA ke pR0 36 para isakA ullekha kiyA hai / isakI pANDulipi jaisalamera sUcI pR0 34 para aGkita hai| [3] pravacUri- (?) ...... yaha avacUri upayukta avacUri se bhinna hai| isakA lekhaka kauna thA ? yaha jJAta nahIM ho pAyA hai / isake bAre meM kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA ne ma0ma0 gokulanAthopAdhyAya kRta kAvyaprakAza kI 'vivaraNa' TIkAvAle. grantha ko bhUmikA pR0 14 meM likhA hai / unake mata meM yaha bhI kisI jaina prAcArya ko laghuTIkA hai| [ 4 ] mAnandavadhinI-hacimizra bhImasena dIkSita ne kAvyaprakAza ke eka TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM isakA ullekha 'cimizra' ke nAma se kiyA hai| yaha rucikara mizra se bhinna koI TIkAkAra hai| [5] pAloka- prajJAta narasiMhamanISA' meM narasiMha Thakkara ne isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isake mAmagata sAmya ke mAdhAra para kacha logoM kI kalpanA hai ki isa TIkA ke racayitA pakSadhara mizra hI haiM, kyoMki unhoMne 'nyAyacintAmaNi' para jisa prakAra 'pAloka' TIkA likhI hai usI prakAra 'kAvyaprakAza' para bhI yaha 'mAloka' TIkA likhI hogii| yaha abhimata kavizekhara zrI badrInAtha jhA kA hai|

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[ 6 ] uttejinI, kAvyaprakAzottejanI athavA sarvaTIkA-vibhaJjanI- vedAntAcArya kAJcIke zrInivAsAdhvarI ke dvitIya putra, bhAradvAja gotrIya the| ye kocIna ke mahArAjA ravivarmA tathA unake bhatIje kola varmA ke Azrita the| inhoMne 10veM ullAsa ke udAharaNa ravivarmA kI prazasti meM die haiN| isakA ullekha 'kanTrIbyUzana praoNpha kerala Tu saMskRta liTarecara' pR0 163-4 meM diyA hai| isI lie dasaveM ullAsa kA aparanAma 'ravirAjayazobhUSaNa' bhI hai| prastuta TIkA kA ullekha DI0 sI0 esa0 ema0 esa0 esa0 grantha saM0 22 para bhI hamA hai| isake lekhaka ne apanA paricaya grantha ke anta meM isa prakAra diyA hai "iti zrImadabhAradvAjakulajaladhi-taponidhi-guruzaragrAmAdhirAja-kRta-gaGgAsnAnAgniSTomAdi-nityAnnadAna-sarasvatI-sahodarazrInivAsAdhvayaMvaratana - sahaja-sarvatantra-svatantra-SaDa bhASAkavizekhara-tarkavidyAminavagautama-zrIvedAntAcArya viracitAyAM savaMTIkAvibhajanyAM kAvyaprakAzottejanyAM dazama ullAsaH / isake anusAra ye bhAradvAja kula meM utpanna, 'guruzara' gA~va ke nivAsI, zrInivAsAdhvarI ke dvitIya putra tathA sarvajJa zrInasiMhadezika ke bhAI vedAntAcArya ke nAma se prakhyAta the| ye aneka bhASAoM meM kAvya-racanA karate the aura nyAyAdi anyazAstroM ke bhI marmajJa the| prastuta TIkA ke prati anurAga na rakhanevAloM para vyaGgaya karate hue inhoMne likhA hai ki ye kecivatra rasazAliSu satkavInAM, sUkteSu karNapathagAmiSu nAdriyante / te mAlatIparimaleSvapi kandalatsu nAsApuTaM karatalena pidadhyurevam // lekhaka ne 'prAzImalla' ke dIrghajIvana kI kAmanA karate hue bhI eka padya 'zrIrAmakSitipAnuja' ityAdi diyA hai| isakI pANDulipi kA nirdeza jo ki dazama ullAsa mAtra hai, 'e Tinnala kaiTalAga Apha mainskripTasa' gavarnameMTa moriyaNTala mainskripTsa lAyabrerI madrAsa ke tRtIya bhAga ke 1. saMskRta sI0 aMza pR0 3878 para granthasaMkhyA 2716 meM diyA hai| [7] udAharaNa-darpaNa- DaoN0 pI0 vI0 kANe dvArA ullikhita yaha TIkA kevala udAharaNoM para hai| [8] udAharaNa-vivaraNa TokA- (le0 ajJAta) isakA ullekha DaoN0 pI0 vI0 kANe ne kiyA hai / yaha kevala udAharaNoM kI TIkA hai| [6] RjuvRtti-narasiMhasari ye timmajI mantrI ke putra aura raMganAtha ke pautra the / yaha TIkA kevala kAvyaprakAza ko kArikAmoM para nirmita kerophekTa bhA0 2, 16bI madrAsa 8.381 meM isakA ullekha huA hai| inhoMne eka anya kAvyaprakAza TIkA "sAhityA candra' nAma se bhI likhI hai| [10] kArikAryaprakAzikA (arthaprakAzikA)- raghudeva nyAyAlaGkAra bhauphekTa, 20 meM (ullAsa 2 ke lagabhaga anta taka hone kA) ullekha hai / DaoN0 pI0 vI0 kAse ke anusAra

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101 raghudeva ne 'kAvyaprakAzakArikArya prakAzikA' meM kevala unhIM kArikAoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai, jo unake vicAra se bharata viracita haiN| dekho - rAjendralAla mitra ke noTisa, bhAga 10, krama saMkhyA 4242 / ' (saM0 kA0 zA0 kA iti0 pR0 526 ) bIkAnera granthasUcI, maMsUra lAyabrerI tathA rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI, kalakattA kI sUciyoM meM isakI pratiyA~ hone kA ullekha hai / [ 11 ] kArikAvalI - kalAdhara yaha TIkA kArikAoM ke sArAMza ke rUpa meM nirmita hai| isakA saMketa KBod 501 se prApta hotA hai / [12] kAvyadarpaNa - madhumatigaNeza prophekTa, 102e para isa TIkA kA ullekha hai / [13] kAvyadIpikA- sAmbaziva inake pitA kA nAma sUryanArAyaNa pradhvarIndra tathA pitAmaha kA nAma dharmadIkSita thaa| isakA ullekha 'rAjasthAna riporTa' tathA 'senTrala iNDiyA riporTa' meM pR0 4 para humrA hai / [14] kAvyanaukA - le0 zrajJAta lAhaura ke sva0 paM. rAdhAkRSNa jI dvArA saMkalita hastalikhita pustaka sUcI patra pR0 41 meM isakA nirdeza hai / [15] kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana athavA kAvyAmRtataraGgiraNI - le0 zrajJAta isa TIkA kA ullekha 'rAjendralAla mitra dvArA dI gaI hastalikhita grantha viSayaka sUcanA' ke antargata huA hai / [16] kAvyaprakAza-vivekinI - rehaladeva rehaladeva ke pitA kA nAma padmanAbha tathA pitAmaha kA nAma nRsiMha thaa| rAjasthAna riporTa tathA senTralaiNDiyA riporTa pR0 8 para isakA sUcana hai / [17] kAvyaprakAzasAra - rAmacandra mUla 'kAvyaprakAza' ke viSaya kI sArarUpa vyAkhyA hone ke kAraNa TIkA kA nAma 'kAvyaprakAzasAra' rakhA gayA hogA, jo ki ucita hI hai / auphrekTa sUcI bhAga 1, pR. 102 bI0 meM isakA ullekha hai| isakI pANDulipi ilAhAbAda meM hai / [18] kAvyaprakAzikA - puruSottamadeva kavi isakA sUcana kavi ne apane 'zivakAvya' meM diyA hai| [19] kaumudI narasiMha Thakura ne isa TIkA kA sUcana kiyA hai / [20] Tipparaga isakA sUcana 'kaiTalAgasa kaiTalAgaram' meM hai / isakA prArambha - 'vacanasandarbharUpasya granthasya prAripsitatvena stotumucitAyAH' ityAdi aMza se huA hai|

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draSTavya BORI, 671 oNpha 1886-92. BORi. D. xii. 117 piTarsa. IY. P. 25 (No. 671) [ 21 ] TippaNa kai0 kai0 meM sUcana hai| isakA prArambha-kaveryathA kRtau prAyastathaiva vyAkRtAviha / vyAkarturapi doSAH syu ityAdi batAyA hai / M. T. 5171 (a) gavarnameMTa oriyaNTala mainyuskriNTa lAyabrerI, madrAsa kI sUcI meM draSTavya / [22] TippaNo athavA kAvyaprakAzasandarbhavAdakai. kai. meM isakA prArambha prasIdatu tathA devaM yathA vyAkRtiSu sphuTam / sAdhutvatAratamyasya bhaveda boddhA budho janaH / dikhalAyA hai| MT. 3672 (imc) 3686 (imc) [ 23 ] TippaNI ___ ke0 ke0 meM an. BORI. 372 Apha 1865-68 (mUla sahita) BORI. D. XII 116. (d. 1614 A. B.) isakA sUcana hai| * [24] TokA kai0 ke0 meM isakA prArambha- sAhityaM zikyorUpamacyAhatamanuttamam' 10, 79-10) se batalAyA hai| [25] TIkA- kalyANa upAdhyAya DaoN. gaMgAnAtha jhA ne kAvyaprakAza ke apane aMgrejI anuvAda meM pR.6 para isa TIkA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| TIkA kA nAma ajJAta hai| [ 26 ] TokA-kRSNamitrAcArya naiyAyika ye rAmanAtha ke putra bhaura devIdatta ke pautra the| inakI racanAoM ke lie prophekTa sUcI bhAga 1, 121 bI. tathA prastuta TIkA ke sambandha meM pR0 120 bI0 para ullekha hai| [ 27 ] TokA- taruNavAcaspati . kai0 ke0 meM tripuriNattura kI sUcI ke prathama bhAga meM pR0 320 B se isakA sUcana karate hue yaha sandeha kiyA hai ki kyA yaha inakI TIkA hai ? ye daNDI ke kAvyAdarza ke TIkAkAra hI hoM to inakA samaya 13vIM zatI kA pUvArdha hai| [28] TIkA-bhAnucandra mauphaikTa i. 101 bI. meM isakA nirdeza hai| inhoMne daNDI ke 'dazakumAra-carita' para bhI TIkA likhI hai| kahIM ise vRtti bhI kahA hai| isakI pANDulipi kA kucha aMza 'dahelAno upAzraya, ahamadAbAda, meM thaa| jo ki aba zrI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI vidyAmandira meM bheTa ho gayA hai| / 29 rokA- mizra mariNakaNTha dvivedI muni . kai00 meM isakA sUcana hai| bIkAnera meM isakI pANDulipi saM. 3600 para prathama tathA dvitIya ullAsAtmaka hai|

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103 [30] TIkA-vidyAraNya ___ maisUra kI saMskRta hastagrantha sUcI meM isake hone kA ullekha ke0 ke0 meM huA hai| pR0 282 para bhI isakA sUcana hai| [31 ] TokA- rAjAnanda madrAsa kaiTalaoNga 11820 meM isake uddharaNa diye haiM tathA prauphaMkTa bhAga 2, 20 e0 meM isakA ullekha huA hai| TIkA kA koI nAma nahIM diyA gayA hai| [32] tattvabodhinI-le0 prajJAta zrIvatsalAJchana dvArA "prajAtakartRkAyAstatvabodhinyAH" tathA "pradhikaM tattvabodhinyAM draSTavyam" ina bAkyoM se 'sArabodhino' meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki-'bhaTrojI dIkSita ke ziSya tathA saMnyAsa grahaNa karane ke pazcAt zrIvAmanendra sarasvatI ke ziSya jJAnendrasarasvatI ne hI vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntakaumadI kI 'tatvabodhinI' TIkA ke samAna kAvyaprakAza kI yaha 'tattvabodhinI' TIkA likhI hai| isakA sUcana kavizekhara dhIbadrInAtha jhA ne apanI bhUmikA meM pR0 13 para kiyA hai| [33 ] darpaNa ka0 ke0 ke anusAra an BOR1 32 mApha 1616-18, 2. mApha 1617-18) meM isakA sUcana hai| kintu DiskrapTiva kaMTalAga meM sUcana nahIM hai / [ 34 ] dIpikA ke0 ke0 meM isakA sUcana hai aura yaha riporTa prApha rAja0 tathA sI0 pAi0 pR06 para aMkita hai| [ 35 ] dyotana-bAlakRSNa ke0 ke0 meM sUcana karate hue isakA ujjaina kI hastalikhita antima sUcI 352 para ullekha batAyA hai| yaha prati praba vahA~ 5626 para aMkita hai tathA isake kula 15 patra hI vahA~ haiM / prArambha ke patra 1 se 104 taka nahIM hai| isakI pratilipi rAdhAkRSNa vyAsa ne saM0 1915 meM kI thii| [ 36 ] dIpinI-kRSNakAnta vidyAvinoda ke. ke. meM isakA sUcana hai| [ 37 ] padavRtti- nAgarAja kezava profekTa bhAga 1, pR0 101 bI. para isakA nirdeza hai| tathA kilahAna sampAdita hastalikhita grantha sUcI ke AdhAra para kaiTa0 kaiTa0 102 meM sUcana huA hai| [ 38 ] bodhino kai0 ke0 meM isake bAre meM kahA gayA hai ki 'lakhanaU myUjiyama' meM isakI pANDulipi hai| [ 36 ] budhamanoraJjinI-mallAri lakSmaNa zAstrI isakA prakAzana telugu lipi meM madrAsa se 1891 I0 meM huA hai|

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[ 40 ] paJcikA- bRhaspati rAyamukuTa mariNa prastuta TIkA kA svayaM TIkAkAra ne svaracita 'meghadUta' kI TIkA meM ullekha kiyA hai, aisA haraprasAda zAstrI ne apanI riporTa 225 para sUcana kiyA hai / dekho IHO 17 10458 isa sambandha meM 'DeTa Apha varksa prApha rAyamukuTa' meM dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne vicAra kiyA hai-- draSTavya IHO 17, 1941, pR0 470 [ 41 ] maGgalamayUkhamAlikA-varadArya inake pitA kA nAma devarAja thA / T. A. 1862 (B) (inc) isakA ullekha "kaiTalAgasa kaiTalAgaram" meM humA hai| [42 ] madhurarasA-kRSNa dvivedI prauphekTa ke i, 101 bI0 meM isakA ullekha hai| ke0 ke0 paM0 kAzInAtha kunTe kI lAhora kI riporTa meM pR0 20 para isakA sUcana honA batAyA hai| [ 43 ] rasaprakAza-kRSNa zarmA raoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTI-baMgAla kI pANDulipiyoM ke paricaya meM (5 bhAga, saM0 4842-6581-pR0 416/20 para kevala 20 pRSThoM taka 1-2 adhyAya kA sUcana kiyA hai| tathA HSP saMkhyA 58 meM kevala pAMcaveM ullAsa taka kI uddharaNa diyA hai / 'keTalAgasa kaiTalAgaram' meM vizvabhAratI kI hastagrantha sUcI meM 2486 (u0 2) hone kA bhI sUcana hai| [ 44 ] rahasya-vikAsa ke0 ke0 meM isakA sUcana huA hai tathA navadvIpa (baMgAla) kI hastagrantha sUcI pR0 673 meM isakA nirdeza hai aisA batAyA hai| [ 45 ] vizino ke0 ke0 meM isakA sUcana kiyA gayA hai tathA tripuNIturA kI hastagrantha sUcI ke vibhAga 2 meM pR0 258 para isakA ullekha hai| [ 46 ] vivaraNa __ ke0 ke0 meM isakA sUcana hai tathA yaha ullekha mithilA kI granthasUcI ke 2 bhAga meM pR0 17 meM honA batalAyA hai| [7] vRtti kucha prAcAryoM ne kAvyaprakAza kI kArikAoM ko bharatamuni praNIta mAna kara unheM 'laghukAvyaprakAza' ke nAma se vyakta karate hue una para TIkAe~ likhI haiM / jinameM se yaha eka vRtti bhI hai| yahA~ prArambha meM 'heramba zAradA devIM "vyAkhyAsye mUlakArikAH" likhA hai| bhA0 pro0 i0 pUnA kI sUcI meM isakA ullekha milatA hai|

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105 [48 ] vyAkhyA- yajJezvara yajvan madrAsa kaiTalAga 12821 meM isake uddharaNa die haiN| madrAsa gavarnamenTa hasta-sUcI, khaNDa 22, pR0 2623 para bhI sUcanA hai| isake prArambha tathA anta meM isa prakAra likhA hai "strINAmadAra: zrIkAntaH zriyaM dizatu me prbhuH| pasyAhurIkSaraNamidaM vizvaM nagamasUktayaH // 1 // upAsya viduSo vRddhAn yajvA yajJezvarAhvayaH / vyAkhyA kAvyaprakAzasya vidadhAti yathAmAta // 2 // " "iti yajJezvaraviracite kAvyaprakAzAkhyAne dazama ullAsaH / " [ 46 ] zlokadIpikA- janArdana vibudha inake guru kA nAma 'ananta' hai| inhoMne 'raghuvaMza' tathA 'vRtta-ratnAkara' kI bhI TIkAeM likhI haiM / kahIM inheM vyAsa bhI kahA hai kintu DA0 De kA mata hai ki 'ye jayarAma nyAyapaJcAnana ke ziSya, viTThala vyAsa ke pautra, bAbUjI vyAsa ke putra, prasiddha lekhaka janArdana vyAsa se bhinna haiN| isakA prophekTa bhAga 1, 101 bI, bhAga 2, 16 bI0 (tathA 1 sTIna kI riporTa 61 meM apUrNa) ullekha hai| de0 pR0 160, saM0 kA0 zA0 kA iti0 bhAga 1 pR0 160 / [ 50 ] saGketa- dAmodara (?) 0 ke0 meM isakA sUcana hai / yaha sTIna ne apanI riporTa meM 261 (D) 'ujjana D P. 65' kA ullekha kiyA hai| kintu hamane svayaM ujjaina jAkara vahA~ ke sindhiyA prAcyavidyA-mandira kI prati nikalavA kara dekhI hai, jo ki prAcArya mANikyacandra kI 'saGkata' TIkA hI hai aura vahA~ dAmodara racita koI TIkA nahIM hai| ataH yaha bhrama se hI likhA gayA hai| [ 51 ] sajIvanI ke0 ke0 meM yaha sUcana hai tathA vidyAcakravartI kI 'sampradAya-prakAzinI' meM isakA ullekha honA batalAyA hai / [ 52 ] sArabodhinI- bhaTTAcArya ke0 ke0 meM isakI sUcanA hai / maNDalika lAyabrerI, pharagyUsana kAleja pUnA kI hastagranthasUcI meM pR0 70 para bhI isakA ullekha hai| [ 53 ] sAhityacandra-narasiMha (nasiMha) sUri ye timmAjI mantrI ke putra the tathA inake pitAmaha kA nAma raMgaprabhu thaa| ye vellamakoNDa parivAra ke the| 'aDyAra lAibrerI, madrAsa' kI sUcI meM isakA aMkana hai| kA0pra0 kI 'Rjuvati TIkA ke lekhaka bhI ye hI haiM tathA pAlavAra 1046 eksTrA 218 para bhI ullekha hai| [ 54 ] sAhityacandra kAvyaprakAza meM AnevAlI kArikAoM para racita yaha TIkA hai, jinheM yahA~ bharata-viracita kahA gayA hai| isa

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106 kA ullekha vhalara kI sUcI meM uddharaNa krama saMkhyA 1046 para huA hai| [ 55 ] sudhAnidhi-tiruveGka: [ 56 ] subodhinI-dAmodara kai0 ke0 meM isakA ullekha hai| [ 57 ] subodhinI (sukhabodhinI)- veGkaTAcala sUri __isa TIkA kA ullekha auphrakTa i, 102 e0 meM tathA haraprasAda zAstrI ne rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI baMgAla kI pANDalipi ke kaiTalaoNga bhAga 5 meM saMkhyA 4837/8736 pR0 415 para kiyA hai / rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI bhAga 6, meM e04837 para bhI inakA ullekha hai| inake atirikta kucha anya TIkAmoM athavA TIkAkAroM ke nAma bhI vidvAnoM meM cacita haiM kintu unakA koI vAstavika AdhAra nahIM milane se vizeSa vistAra nahIM kiyA hai| kAvyaprakAza ko anya bhASA meM praNIta TIkAeM tathA anuvAda kAvyaprakAza para likhA humA TIkA-sAhitya paryApta adhika hote hue bhI vidvAnoM ne usake manana aura manthana kI pravRtti se saMnyAsa nahIM liyA, apitu "isa mahAn grantha ke aAsvAda se anya bhASAbhASI samudAya bhI vaJcita na rahe" isa pradhAna lakSya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara aMgrejI, hindI, marAThI, gujarAtI aura kannar3a bhASAoM meM bhI anuvAda kiye gaye jo ki na kevala zAbdika anuvAda hI haiM apitu bhASya, samAlocanA aura TIkA kI prakriyA ko bhI apane meM prAvajita kiye [ 1. aMgrejI anuvAda ] vizvavidyAlayoM kI ucca parIkSAoM meM 'kAvyaprakAza' kA pAThyagrantha ke rUpa meM adhyApana prArambha ho jAne para aMgrejI bhASA ke mAdhyama se kAvya prakAza ko samajhane-samajhAne kI AvazyakatA bar3ha gii| phalasvarUpa kucha mahAvidyAlayoM ke prAcAryoM ne isa dizA meM prayAsa kiyA aura kucha noTsa-jinameM parIkSA meM nirdhArita aMzoM para TippaNI, spaSTIkaraNa aura kAvyazAstrIya tattvoM kA pUrvApara nirdezana karate hue granthAMza samajhAne kA lakSya thA-likhe gye| ye grantha kisI prAcIna TIkA ke sAtha athavA grantha ke anta meM TippaNI ke sAtha prakAzita hue| dUsarI aura aise hI prakAzya grantha prArambha meM aMgrejI meM likhita vistRta bhUmikA se saMyukta kara prakAzita kiye ge| jaba ki kucha vidvAnoM ne svatantra vyAkhyAnarUpa se pUre kAvyaprakAza kA aMgrejI anuvAda bhI prastuta kiyA / aise granthakAroM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai - [1] TrITAija Apha haToriksa'- ma0 ma0 sara gaGgAnAtha jhA (16vIM zatI) kAvyaprakAza kA yaha sarvaprathama aMgrejI anuvAda hai / isameM DA0 jhA ne eka adhikRta vidvAna hone ke nAte aneka vaidRSya-pUrNa vicAroM ke dvArA yatra-tatra prAcArya mammaTa ke abhiprAyoM ko mArmika DhaMga se prauDhabhASA meM abhivyakta kiyA hai| kucha navIna TIkAoM kA ullekha hone se yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isameM na kevala svayaM ke cintana kA hI sAra samAviSTa hai apitu anya pUrvavartI TIkAkAroM ke vicAroM kA bhI prAdara hamA hai|

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107 isakA prathama prakAzana 'paNDita-patrikA' ke 18-16 ke aMkoM meM I0 san 1866.66 meM huA thaa| tadanantara vArANasI meM san 1866 tathA 1618 meM isakA punamudraNa huaaa| bambaI meM bhI isake 1, 2 aura 10 ullAsoM kA san 1913 meM prakAzana huA thaa| isI prakAra aura bhI saMskaraNa isake prakAzita hote rahe haiN| isake pazcAt bhAratIya vizvavidyAlayoM meM jaise-jaise isa grantha ke adhyayana ko sthAna milA, usI ke anusAra chAtroM kI suvidhA ko lakSya meM rakhakara kevala pAThyakrama meM nirdhArita prazoM ke hI anuvAda tathA TippaNa likhe gae, jo ki pUre grantha para na hokara katipaya azoM ke hI anuvAda the| ata: DA0 jhA kA hI yaha anuvAda sampUrNa tathA sarvopari hai| [ 2 ] anuvAda, TippaNI tathA bhUmikA- DaoN. eca0 DI0 velanakara / yaha kAvyaprakAza ke prathama aura dvitIya ullAsa para likhita anuvAda hai| isI ke sAtha lekhaka ne apanI prAvazyaka TippaNI bhI aMgrejI meM dI hai| bhUmikA meM kAvyaprakAza kI mahattA evaM vivecya viSayoM kA vimarza bhI prastuta kiyA hai / isakA prakAzana bambaI se huA hai| 1 3 ] anuvAda, TippaNI tathA bhUmikA- zrI po0 pI0 jozI zrI jozIjI ne isameM prathama aura dvitIya ullAsa ke atirikta dazama ullAsa bhI anUdita kiyA hai / sAtha hI TippaNI (noTsa) bhI dI hai| isakA bhUmikA bhAga bhI mananIya hai| [4] anuvAda evaM bhUmikA-pro. cAMdorakara isameM govinda Thakkura ke 'kAvyapradIpa' tathA nAgojI bhaTTa ke 'uddyota' ke sAtha kramaza: prathama, dvitIya, saptama aura dazama ina cAra ullAsoM kA anuvAda evaM bhUmikA dI hai / [5] anuvAda evaM bhUmikA- zrI esa0 vi0 dIkSita aMgrejI meM vistRta bhUmikA-pUrvaka isameM kramazaH 'prathama, tRtIya tathA dazama' ullAsa kA anuvAda hai| [6] anuvAda evaM vistRta bhUmikA-zrI pra0 bA0 gajendragar3akara zrI acyutAcArya bAlAcArya gajendragar3akarajI ne apanI vistRta bhUmikA ke sAtha isa anuvAda meM 'prathama, tRtIya tathA dazama' ina tIna ullAsoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| yaha anuvAda pratipriya rahA hai| ataH isake saMskaraNa kramazaH parivaddhita bhI hue| DaoN0 esa0 ena0 gajendragar3akara ne bhI isameM saMvarddhana kiyA hai| [7] anuvAda- DaoN0 eca0 DI0 zarmA isameM prathama, tatIya tathA dazama ina tInoM ullAsoM kA aMgrejI anuvAda sampAdita hai| [8 ] poiTika lAiTa-'sampradAya-prakAzinI' sahita, anuvAda-DaoN0 rAmacandra dvivedI udayapura ke vizvavidyAlaya meM prAdhyApaka DaoN. dvivedI ne vidyAcakravartI kI 'sampradAya-prakAzinI' saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha apanA agrejI anuvAda isameM diyA hai| pariziSTa meM ruyyaka kI TIkA bhI saMkalita hai| isakA prakAzana do bhAgoM meM dillI se huA hai| [ 8 ] 'rasa-prakAza' sahita vyAkhyA tathA bhUmikA-- DA0 esa0 ena0 zAstrI zrIkRSNa zarmA kI 'rasaprakAza' TIkA ke sAtha isameM prathama se paJcama ullAsa taka DaoN0 zAstrI ne apanI aMgrejI vyAkhyA prakAzita kI hai jo ki prathama bhAga ke rUpa meM san 197. meM prakAzita huI hai| sAtha hI bhUmikA bhI hai|

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108 [2. hindI anuvAda ] rASTrabhASA hindI ke prati janasAdhAraNa kI abhiruci kI abhivRddhi ko dekhate hue tathA hindI ko adhyApanabhASA ke rUpa meM svIkRti mila jAne para kucha vidvAnoM ne hindI meM TIkA, vizada vyAkhyA aura bhUmikA-sahita kAvyaprakAza kI samarcA prArambha kii| isa pravRtti kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki isameM sampUrNa grantha ko anUdita kiyA hai, kisI ekAMza ko nahIM / TIkAkAroM kA lakSya grantha ke artha ko sarala tathA vizadarUpa se samajhAne kA rahA hai aura zAstrArtha-praNAlI ko bhI yathAsambhava subodha banAyA gayA hai| [ 1 ] anuvAda- DA. harimaGgala mizra 'kAvya-prakAza' ko hindI bhASA ke mAdhyama se sarvaprathama sulabharUpa se samAja ke sAhityarasikoM ke samakSa prastuta karane kA zreya sva0 DaoN0 mizra ko prApta hai| isameM mUla ke prAmANika artha kA sAvadhAnI se upasthApana aura ' TIkA-TippaNI ke vistAra meM na jAkara mammaTa ke vicAroM ko yathAvat sarala bhASA meM diyA gayA hai| isakA prakAzana hindI sAhitya sammelana, prayAga se hA thaa| [ 2 ] savimarza-zazikalA- DA. satyavrata siMha yaha anuvAda saMskRta kI bhASya-paramparA kA pUraka hai| anuvAda ke sAtha dI huI vizada TippaNiyAM pUrvavartI TIkAkAroM kI dRSTi se kucha bhinna dRSTi ko lakSya meM rakhakara likhI gaI haiM, jinameM mammaTa dvArA apane vivecana meM jina pUrvAcAryoM ke vicAroM kA prAzraya liyA gayA hai unakA srota-- na kevala sAhitya granthoM se apitu anya vyAkaraNa, darzana Adi granthoM se bhI uddhata kiyA hai| viSaya kI gambhIratA kA bodha karAne ke lie mata-matAntaroM kA vivecana bhI uttama hai| lekhaka ne 'upodghAta' meM svayaM likhA hai ki-' "yaha 'savimarza zazikalA'-vyAkhyA kAvyaprakAza ke adhyayana kI prAcIna paramparA kA hI eka anusaraNa hai| isakA bIja isa lekhaka ke hRdaya meM kAvyaprakAza ke adhyayanakAla meM hI jama cukA thA jisakA zreya isa lekhaka ke sAhityavidyAguru zrI ko0 a. subrahmaNyam ayyara ( adhyakSa-saMskRta vibhAga tathA kalA yibhAga, lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya) ko hai / jinhoMne prAcArya mammaTa kI kAvyAlocanA-sambandhI vicAradhArA aura samasAmayika kAzmIra kI dArzanika aura sAhityika gatividhi kA samanvaya nidarzita kara kAvyaprakAza ke eka navIna adhyayana kI preraNA dI hai|" DaoN. siMha ne 72 pRSThoM kI vistRta bhUmikA meM bhI paryApta mananIya viSayoM kI carcA kI hai| ataH yaha apanI koTi ko eka prakAra se 'mAna' TIkA bana gaI hai| isakA prakAzana caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI kI 'vidyAbhavana saMskRta granthamAlA-15' meM mudrita hokara dotIna saMskaraNoM meM huA hai| [ 3 ] kAvyaprakAza dIpikA- sva. prAcArya vizvezvara siddhAntaziromariNa saMskRta ke mahattvapUrNa zAstrIya granthoM ke bhASya-paddhatimUlaka anuvAdakartAmoM meM prAcArya vizvezvara kA sthAna

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106 ilAghanIya hai| nirukta, dhvanyAloka, tarkabhASA evaM nATyadarpaNa jaise granthoM ke anuvAda kI paramparA meM hI kAvyaprakAza kA yaha anuvAda lekhaka ne 'kAvyaprakAza-dIpikA' ke nAma se likhA hai| isameM prAya: pratyeka sthala para sambandhita viSayoM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke liye pUrvApara-vivecanoM kA ullekha karate hue apane abhimata ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai| dArzanika tattvoM kI pracalita vyAkhyA aura zAstrArthoM ke nigUDha tattvoM kI anthiyoM ko bhI sulajhAne kA isameM prayAsa hayA hai tathA sAtha hI yatratatra mammaTa kI AlocanA bhI kI gaI hai| lekhaka ne grantha kI vistRta bhUmikA meM bharata se prAcArya vizvezvara (parvatIya) taka ke pAlaGkArikoM ke itihAsa kA bhI samAveza karate hue unake sambandha meM pravartita dhAraNAmoM kA UhApohapUrvaka vivecana diyA hai| yaha anuvAda bahuta lokapriya huA hai| . yaha grantha 'jJAnamaNDala, vArANasI se 1960 I. meM tathA usake bAda cAra-pAMca saMskaraNoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| [ 4 ] vistAriNI evaM prabhA- DA. haradatta zAstrI tathA zrInivAsa zAstrI samIkSAtmaka bhUmikA, bhASAnuvAda, vyAkhyA evaM vivecana se yukta isa anuvAda kA kArya sampAdana DaoN0 zrInivAsa zAstrI.( kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya ke prAdhyApaka) ne navatIrtha, vedAnta-vyAkaraNAcArya DaoN0 zrIharidatta zAstrI ke nirdezana meM kiyA hai| vistAriNI TIkA pUre grantha kA anuvAda hai| sambhavataH yaha anuvAda pahale chapAyA gayA thA aura bAda meM isI kA pallavana karake prabhA-anuvAda chApA gayA hai / viSayapravezarUpa bhUmikA meM alaGkArazAstra se sambandhita viSayoM kA varNana prAya: 42 pRSThoM meM huA hai / 'prabhA' meM mUla anuvAda ke atirikta prAvazyaka viSayoM kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI diyA hai aura prabhA ke pazcAt 'TippaNI' kA spaSTa zIrSaka dekara usameM bhI vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| isa dRSTi se yaha TIkA bhI pUrvavartI hindITIkAkAroM kI lekhana-paripATI ko Age bar3hAtI hai| isakA prakAzana 'sAhitya bhaNDAra, meraTha (u.pra.) se huA hai / tathA isake san 1970 I. taka tIna saMskaraNa prakAzita ho cuke haiM / 'prabhA' meM 'saMketa' aura 'candrikA' ke katipayAMzoM kA sampAdana tathA chAtropayogI TippaNI bhI diye gaye haiM / yaha chAtra saMskaraNa hai| [5] bAlakrIDA-prAcArya madhusUdana zAstrI ( vartamAna kAla ) prastuta hindITIkA lekhaka' ne apane dvArA racita 'madhusUdanI' nAmaka saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha hI prakAzita kI hai| sAmayika upayogitA ko lakSya meM rakhakara TIkAkAra ne apane vivaraNa ko bhASA kI dRSTi se prapuSTa karate hue kahIM saMskRta TIkA kA sAra diyA hai to kahIM vahA~ ke saMketita viSaya ko adhika spaSTa kiyA hai / pA~caveM aura dasaveM ullAsa meM 'madhusUdanI' kRza ho gaI hai to 'bAlakrIr3A' prapuSTa / aisA lagatA hai ki ye donoM saMskRta-hindI TIkAe~ eka-dUsarI kI kathanasambandhI AvazyakatAoM ko pUrNa karane kI dRSTi se hI lekhaka ne dvidhA zrama dvArA likhI haiN| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki isameM anekatra aspRSTa viSayoM ko-jo ki pUrvAcAryoM dvArA prasiddha mAnakara saMketa se samajhAe gae the, ve puna: samajhAkara vivecita kara die gae haiN| isakA prakAzana madhusUdanI ke sAtha hI huA hai| 1. lekhaka kA paricaya saMskRta TIkA 'madhusUdanI' ke vivaraNa meM diyA hai /

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110 [ 3-5 marAThI, gujarAtI aura kannaDa anuvAda ] bhArata kI anya prAdezika bhASAmroM meM jo bhASAe~ samRddha mAnI jAtI haiM unameM bhI kAvya prakAza kI lokapriyatA ne prasAra pAyA hai| isa dRSTi se nimnalikhita anuvAda upalabdha hote haiM [1] TokA ( marAThI ) - paM0 arjuna vADakara maMgUlakara yaha vistRta TIkA kAvyaprakAza ke kucha bhAga para likhI huI hai| isakA prakAzana san 1962 meM pUnA (mahArASTra) se 'dezamukha eNDa kampanI' ne kiyA hai / [2] marAThI anuvAda- zrI bA0 kR0 sAvalApurakara yaha anuvAda san 1954 meM bhImA kulakarNI ne nAgapura (mahArASTra) se prakAzita kiyA hai, jo ki isa bhASA kA pahalA anuvAda kahA jA sakatA hai| [3] gujarAtI dhanuvAda sva0 zrI zrAnandazara bApUjI dhruva yaha gujarAtI bhASA meM prathama anUdita humrA hai| isake lekhaka kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM bhI rahe haiM tathA aneka granthoM para mananapUrNa sAhitya kA Alekhana bhI inake dvArA huA hai / kAlidAsa ke 'vikramorvazIyam' ke gujarAtI anuvAda 'parAkramanI prasAdI kI bhUmikA meM kAlidAsa ke kAla nirdhAraNa ke liye inhoMne chanda ko AdhAra mAnakara mImAMsA bhI kI hai| [ 4 tathA 5 ] gujarAtI anuvAda DaoN0 dhAra0 sI0 pArekha evaM zrI prAra0 bI0 pAThaka ina anuvAdoM ke bAre meM vizeSa jAnakArI prApta nahIM ho pAI hai| kintu gujarAtI sAhityakAroM ne isakA nirdeza kiyA hai / [ 6 ] kannaDa anuvAda - DA0 kRSNamUrti dhAravAr3a vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRtavibhAgaHdhyakSa DaoN0 kRSNamUrti ne yaha anuvAda kannar3a bhASA ke mAdhyama se kAvyaprakAza ke adhyetAoM kI suvidhAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA hai| isakA prakAzana bhI dhAravAr3a se hI huA hai| isameM kAvyaprakAza meM udAhRta padyoM kA anuvAda bhI kannar3a pacoM meM kiyA hai| dhvanyAloka Adi kucha granthoM ke kannar3a anuvAda kA zreya bhI inheM prApta hai / inake atirikta deza kI anya prAdezika bhASAoM meM bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM 'kAvya - prakAza' ne apanA prakAza avazya hI phailAyA hogA jisakA paricaya hama prApta nahIM kara pAye haiN| isI prakAra uparyukta bhASAoM meM upari nirdiSTa anuvAdoM ke atirikta bhI anuvAda athavA TippaNa hue aura ho rahe hoMge jo svAbhAvika hI haiM / isa prakAra mahAmanISI mammaTa kI apUrva dena ke rUpa meM kAvya prakAza kA sammAna bhAratIya vAGmaya ke cintakoM meM uttarottara bar3hatA rahA hai| bhAratabhUmi kA mAnacitra banAkara usameM jina sthAnoM meM isa grantha para TIkAe~ huI haiM unakA ullekha kiyA jAe to eka bharA-pUrA rUpa usameM nikharA huA pratIta hogA isameM koI pratyukti nahI hai|" 1. isa sambandha meM hamArA vicAra hai ki yathAsamaya eka aisA grantha dhAcArya mammaTa para taiyAra kareM jisameM mammaTa ke kAvya prakAza para upalabdha TIkAparicaya ke sAtha hI isa para likhe gae lekha, vivecana tathA vibhinna grantha I huI sAmagrI kA bhI nirdeza ho| ise hama aMgrejI DhaMga kI bibliogrAphI ke rUpa meM taiyAra karane kA prayatna kara rahe haiM / vidvAnoM se nivedana hai isa sambandha meM ve apane sujhAva tathA apekSita sAmagrI pradAna kara hameM anugRhIta kreN| (sampAdaka)

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zrI yazovijayajI upAdhyAya kRta kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA TokA kA upalabdhAMza vividha TIkAnoM ke rahate hae bhI jaise anya TIkAkAroM ne navIna TIkAnoM ke nirmANa dvArA 'grantha' evaM 'granthakAra' ke hRdaya ko samajhane-samajhAne ke uttarottara prayAsa kiye, usI prakAra nyAya-vidyA ke pAragAmI upAdhyAya 'zrIyazovijayajI mahArAja' ne bhI isa TIkA kA nirmANa kiyA / yaha TIkA bahuta prayatna karane para bhI pUrNa prApta nahIM ho pAyI hai aura aba kahIM aisA koI saGkata bhI nahIM milatA hai ki jisase upalabdha 'do ullAsoM kI TIkA ke atirikta kahIM kucha anya aMza milane kI sambhAvanA ho / ataH aba yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki 1-graha TokA dvitIya aura tRtIya ullAsa para hI banI hogI aura prAge isakA nirmANa hI nahIM kiyA hogA kyoMki lekhaka ke priya viSaya 'nyAya' kA isa aMza meM hI samAveza ho jAtA hai| 2. yaha bhI sambhava hai ki agrima TokA banAI ho aura vaha naSTa ho gaI ho| kintu prastuta TIkA meM kahIM 'pane vakSyAmaH' jaisA koI sUcana nahIM milatA hai| prastu, aba eka prazna aura hotA hai ki 'kyA prathama ullAsa para TIkA banAI gaI thI?' isakA uttara bhI nizcita rUpa meM to kucha kahA nahIM jA sakatA kintu pradhAna-sampAdaka ko prApta pANDulipi meM prArambha ke 6 pRSTha upalabdha nahIM haiM tathA TIkA meM dvitIya ullAsa ke prArambha kA pRSTha 7vA hai| isake AdhAra para yaha anumAna sahaja hI hotA hai ki 'prAramma ke 6 pRSThoM ke donoM bhAgoM ko milAkara 12 pRSTha kI TokA prathama ullAsa kI rahI hogii| sAtha hI isake prArambha meM maGgalAcaraNa aura prArambha-sambandhI padya Adi bhI nahIM haiN| isa prakAra yaha TIkA kevala dvitIya aura tRtIya ullAsa para hI milI hai, isameM bhI bIca-bIca meM kucha aMza khaNDita haiM / tathApi isake sAmUhika paryavekSaNa se zrIupAdhyAyajI kI anUThI pratibhA ke darzana kiye jA sakate haiN| prastuta TIkA meM vizeSa rUpa se samAlocita viSaya kA samucita cintana se yaha avazya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki TIkAkAra ke dAyitva kA nirvAha karate hue pU0 upAdhyAyajI ne isameM katipaya mahattvapUrNa vicAra prastuta kiye haiM, jinakA saMkSipta digdarzana isa prakAra hai - prathama ullAsa kA vivecya viSaya prastuta TIkA kI pUrvabhUmikA pahale ullAsa ke vicAroM para banI hai| jisameM prathama ullAsa kI (pRSTha bhUmi) prAcArya mammaTa ne 'tabadoSo zabdArthoM saguNAvanalakRtI punaH kvApi' isa kArikAMza se lokottara-varNanA-nipuNa kavikarmIbhUta kAvyasvarUpa kA lakSaNa diyA hai| unake mata meM doSarahita alaGkAra-viziSTa zabda aura artha donoM milakara

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112 zabda 'kAvya' haiM / tAtparya yaha ki 'kAvya eka dharmI hai jisake 1. doSAmAva, 2. guraNasAhitya evaM 3. alaGkAra-vaiziSTaya ye tInoM dharma haiN|' 'sati kuDa ye citram' isa ukti ke anusAra jase bhitti athavA phalaka ke rahane para hI citra banAnA sambhava hai, usI prakAra dharmI kA svarUpa avagata ho jAne para hI dharma kA svarUpa jAnA jAsakatA hai| isaliye prathama ullAsa meM AcArya mammaTa ne dharmI ke 1. 'dhvani, 2. guraNIbhUtavyaGgya tathA 3. citra' ye tIna vibhAga batalAye haiM aura tInoM ke udAharaNa bhI prastuta kiye haiM / ina tInoM ke 1. 'uttama, 2. madhyama aura 3. adhama kAvya ye bhI paryAyAntara haiN| adhamakAvya athavA citrakAvya ke do bheda haiM / 1. zabdacitra aura 2. arthacitra / zabdArtharUpI kAvya kA lakSaNa pUrNarUpa se tabhI jJAta ho sakatA hai jabaki unake samasta padArtha vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdita kie jaaeN| isa dRSTi se prAcArya mammaTa ne kramazaH agrima ullAsoM meM una samasta padArthoM kA yathAzakti pratipAdana kiyA hai| dvitIya ullAsa kA vivecya viSaya misthAnIya zabdArtha meM prathama 'zabda' kA vivecana dvatIya ullAsa kA pramukha viSaya hai| kAvya kA upakaraNa athavA mAdhyama zabda mAnA gayA hai| prAcArya mammaTa ne zabda ke tIna prakAra-1. vAcya, 2. lakSya aura 3. vyAya pradarzita kiye haiN| vAcaka kI vAcyArtha meM, 'prabhidhA' vRtti hai / lAkSaNika kI lakSyArtha meM 'lakSaNA' vRtti hai| tathA vyaMjaka zabda kI vyaGgadhArtha meM vyajanA' vRti hai| yaha abhidhA, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA kyA vastu hai ? isakA pratipAdana prAcArya mammaTa ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - artha vRtti 1. vAcaka 1. vAcya (abhidheya) 1. abhidhA 2. lAkSaNika (lakSaka) 2. lakSya 2. lakSaNA 3. vyaJjaka 3. vyaGgya (vastu, alaGkAra rasAdi) 3. vyaanA 4. tAtparyArtha 4. tAtparyAkhyA tAtparya tathA usakI vRtti tAtparyAkhyA bhaTTa kumArila ne svIkRta kI hai| unake mata meM abhidhA vRtti kevala vAcyArthoM ko upasthita karake kSINa ho jAtI hai| ataH una padArthoM kA paraspara sambandhabodhana karAnevAlI tAtparyAkhyA vatti hI hai| isIliye padArtha-saMsargabodha ke liye tAtparyAkhyA vRtti prAvazyaka hotI hai|' prabhAkara mizra ne 'padoM kI pranvita padArthoM meM zakti-abhidhA mAna lene para tAtparyAkhyA vRtti kI koI prAvazyakatA hI nahIM raha jAtI hai| aisA pratipAdita kiyA hai / anvita padArtha vAcyArtha hone para anvaya arthAt saMsarga bhI abhidhA vRtti kA hI pratipAdaka ho jAtA hai / anvaya vizeSopasthiti ke liye AkAMkSA hI paryApta hai| isa taraha abhihitAnvayavAdI kumArila bhaTTa tathA anvitAbhidhAnavAdI prabhAkara mizra kA mata sAhityazAstra meM bahuta pracalita hai| prAcArya mammaTa ne bhI "pAkAkSA-yogyatA-sannidhivazAd vakSyamAraNasvarUpAragAM padArthAnAM samanvaye tAtparyArtho vizeSavapurapadArtho'pi vAkyArthaH samullasatItyabhihitAnvayavAdino matam / vAcya eva vAkyArtha ityanvitAmidhAnavAdinaH / " yaha kahakara donoM matoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / ina donoM matoM meM antara itanA hI hai ki 1. 'padArthamAtra abhidhA kA viSaya hotA hai aura unakA saMsarga tAtparyAkhyA vRtti kA viSaya hotA hai| (yaha abhihitAnvayavAdI bhaTTa kA mata haiN|) tathA

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2. saMsarga sahita padArtha abhidhAvRtti kA viSaya hai| abhidhA ke atirikta tAtparyAkhyA vRtti kI koI prAvazyakatA nahIM hai / (yaha anvitAbhidhAnavAdI mizra kA mata hai / ) isa prakAra hama ina donoM ke matoM kI gaNanA isa rUpa meM kara sakate haiMmaTTa mata meM- amidhA-bAcyArtha / tAtparyAkhyA- vAcyArtha saMsarga (taatpryaathN)| pramAkara mizra mata meM-abhiSA-pranvitapadArtha (padArtha, ttsNsrg)| isa prakAra dvitIya ullAsa ke prastuta pAlocya viSaya ke sambandha meM TIkAkAra pUjya upAdhyAyajI ne vyakta kiyA hai ki "zabdArtha-nirUpaNa meM zabda kI pradhAnatA artha kI apekSA adhika hai prata: pahale zabda kA aura tadanantara artha kA nirUpaNa susaMgata hai.| lakSaNA abhidhA ke adhIna hotI hai aura vyaJjanA donoM ke adhIna hotI hai| jaise-abhidhAmUlA vyaJjanA aura lakSaNAmUlA vynyjnaa| camatkRta kA pratipAdana karane ke liye vyaJjanAvAda kI prAvazyakatA hotI hai| yadi vyaJjanAvAda ko hama sAhitya se mahimamaTTAdi kI bhAMti nikAla deM, to yaha kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai ki rasAdi kA manubhava ho ske| vizeSakara arthaviSayaka camatkAra ke liye vyaJjanAvAda utanA hI Avazyaka hai jitanA ki tapti ke liye bhojana / " 'yadyapi eka hI zabda vAcaka, lakSaka aura vyaJjaka ho sakatA hai kintu inakA vibhAga kisa taraha hogA?' yaha zaGkA ho sakatI hai tathApi 'sambandhabheda se vAcaka prAdi tathA vyaJjaka prAdi kI vyavasthA karanI caahiye|-smbndh bhedAda bhedamaGgIkRtya tathA vibhAgAt" ityAdi / (TIkA pR0 3) / abhiprAya yaha hai ki-"jaise eka hI vyakti pAkakriyA ke sambandha se vAcaka tathA adhyApana prAdi kriyA ke sambandha se adhyApaka prabhati ho sakatA hai, usI prakAra vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgya artha ke sambandha se eka hI zabda meM vAcaka, lakSaka tathA vyaJjaka prAdi kA vyavahAra ho sakatA hai / arthAt upAdhi ke bheda se vibhAga upapanna ho sakatA hai|" AcArya mammaTa ne 1. 'vAcya 2. lakSya aura 3. vyaGgya ina pratyeka ke arthoM ko 'vyajaka' mAnA hai| usI prasaMga meM lakSyArtha vyaGgyArtha kA vyaJjaka kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai isakA udAharaNa dete hue 'sAdhayantI sakhi! subhaga kSaNe kSaNe ityAdi (padya 75020) meM-'mere priya ke sAtha anucita sambandha karake tUne bar3I zatratA dikhAI hai, isa prakAra kA lakSyArtha aura priya kI aisI kAmukatA eka mahAn aparAdha hai'- aisA vyaMgyArtha vyaJjaka hotA hai| isa sandarbha meM __"tathA ca nAyamanyatrAnurakto vRthaiva bhavatyA mAnavatyA'yamupatApito'nunayamahatIti tvadvacanenAnunayArtha preSitAM tvAmevopabhuktavAniti tvayedAnImapi cetitavyamiti vyaGgyatvena ca mayA'taH paramasya mukhamapi na vilokanIyaM, madanunayAtha tvayA'pi na yatanIyamiti vyaGyAntaramapi karAkSiptamiti vayaM vilokyaamH|" (pR 22) ityAdi kahA hai| jisakA tAtparya hai ki-'he sakhI tUne jhUTha hI kahA thA ki ApakA priya kisI bhI dUsarI nAyikA meM anurakta nahIM hai| tumane vyartha hI mAna bar3hAkara use santapta kara diyA hai| isaliye tuma apane praNaya-vyApAra se use prasanna kara sakatI ho|' isI ke AdhAra para maiMne tumako hI use mere prati anukUla banAne ke liye bhejA thaa| kintu usane tumhAre sAtha hI

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anucita vyApAra kiyA / ata: 'tumheM aba sAvadhAna ho jAnA caahiye| maiM to aba usakA muMha bhI nahIM dekhuumii| tuma bhI yaha kAma karake usake anunaya ke liye kabhI parizrama mata karanA / ' aisA vyaMgya lakSita hotA hai| yahA~ vyaGgya kI sUkSmatA batAkara upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne apanI anUThI pratibhA aura manovaijJAnika sUjha-bUjha kA paricaya diyA hai| artha ke zabdAdhIna hone ke kAraNa prathama zabdoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai tadanantara arthoM kaa| zabdoM meM bhI vAcaka zabda ke adhIna lakSaka aura vyaJjaka zabda hone ke kAraNa prathama vAcaka zabda kA nirUpaNa hai / "sAkSAt saGketitaM yo'rthamabhitte sa vAcakaH" (sU06 pR0 25) isa taraha saGkata ke dvArA jo zabda jisa artha kA vAcaka ho, vaha zabda usa artha kA vAcaka hotA hai| udAharaNa--'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahAM gaGgAzabda prathama saGkata dvArA jalapravAha-vizeSa artha kA bodhana karatA hai| isaliye gaGgA zabda jalapravAha-vizeSa artha kA vAcaka hotA hai / kisa zabda kA kisa artha meM saMketa hai ? isakA nizcaya na hone para zabda zruta hone para bhI usa zabda se arthabodha nahIM hotA hai| ataH zabda se arthabodha kI prApti ke liye madhya meM saMketagraha honA caahiye| saMketa meM kahIM to Izvara kI icchA lI jAtI hai aura kahIM prApta puruSoM kii| vaha saMketa kisa artha meM mAnanA cAhiye / isa prasaMga meM mammaTa ne bahuta-se mata pradarzita kiye haiN| jaise 'jAtyAdi tireva vA' ityAdi / abhiprAya yaha hai ki vyavahAra meM zabda se vyakti-vizeSa meM hI arthakriyA kI pratIti hotI hai| koI bhI vyakti 'gAma prAnaya' isa taraha ke vAkyoM ko sunakara go Adi vyakti ke hI pAnayana meM pravRtta hotA hai| isalie vyavahAra se go Adi zabdoM kA go prAdi sAsnAdimAn vyakti meM hI zaktigraha siddha hotA hai| isalie go Adi zabdoM kA saGkata go Adi sAsnAdimAn vyakti meM hI honA caahie| kintu deza-kAla ke bheda se vyakti ananta hone ke kAraNa unameM saGkatagraha honA asambhava hai| yadi kisI bhI vyakti-vizeSa meM zakti-(saGketa) graha kara lene para binA saGkatagraha ke hI apara-apara vyakti kA bodha vaise hI svIkAra kara leM to usa-usa arthabodha kA-usausa saMketa kA kArya-kAraNabhAva hI nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie unhoMne prathamakalpa meM jAtyAdi meM saGketagraha sUcita kiyA hai| jAtyAdi zabda se upAdhi samajhanI caahie| upAdhi do taraha kI hotI hai eka vastudharma, dUsarA yahacchAsanivezita artha / vastudharma bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai eka siddha aura dUsarA sAdhya / siddha padArtha do prakAra kA hotA hai prathamapadArthoM kA prANapradadharma tathA dvitIya-vizeSAdhAna hetu / padArthoM kA prANaprada dharma jAti hotA hai jise gotva Adi kahate haiN| usakA svarUpa zrI bhata hari ne svopajJa vAkyapadIya meM 'na hi gauH svarUpeNa gauna pyagauH gotvAbhisambandhAtta gauH' isa zabda se yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki gotvarUpI padArthaprada dharma ke abhAva meM go meM to 'gauH' isa taraha kA govyavahAra hI kara sakate haiM / yA 'pragoH' meM gavetara kA hI vyavahAra kara sakate haiN| vizeSAdhAnahetu zabda se zuklAdi guNa samajhAyA gayA hai| kyoMki dravyavastu kI sattA nizcita ho jAne para unakA prayoga dravyavastu meM kara sakate haiN| sAdhyadharma se kriyAsamUha samajhanA cAhie / 'vaktRyadRcchAsaMnivezita artha' se svayam mammaTa ne 'DityAdizabdA. nAmatyantabuddhinirNAhya saMhRtakramaM svarUpaM vaktrA yahacchayA DitthAdiSvaryeSUpASitvena saMnivezyata iti so'yaM saMjJArUpo yahacchAtmaka iti / ' isa zabda se go Adi zabdoM kI jo pAnupUrvI saMjJAtmaka prasiddha hai tadAzrita zabdoM ko sUcita kiyA hai| usameM pramANa rUpa se maharSi pataJjali kA vyAkaraNamahAbhASyavacana 'gauH zuklazcalo Dittha ityAdau catuSTayo zamdAnAM pravRttiH iti mahAbhASyakAraH' isa taraha diyA hai / ata: 1-jAti, 2-guNa, 3-kriyA aura 4-yahacchAtmaka saMjJA zabda ye cAra taraha ke artha hote haiN|

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punaH sarveSAM zamdAnAM jAtireva pravRttinimittamityanye' 'isa zabda se zuklatva, pAkatva, Disthatva Adi dharma vAcyArtha hogA' aisA mata pradarzita kiyA hai / 'tadvAna' zabda se jAtyAzraya vyakti hI zabdArtha hotA hai aisA sUcita kiyA hai / 'apoho vA' zabda se bauddhAcArya dharmakIti Adi sammata itaravyAvRtti ko padArthatva sUcita kiyA hai| yaha vistRtavicAra mammaTa ne sAhityAnupayogI samajhakara yadyapi chor3a diyA hai tathApi jAtyAdi, jAti, jAtimAn aura apoha ye zabdArtha ho sakate haiM yaha to spaSTa hI unhoMne kahA hai| prAcArya mammaTa ne abhidheyArtha ko mukhya-artha aura abhidhA ko prathama zakti ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA hai| yahIM vAcakazabda kI paribhASA ko pariSkRta karate hue upAdhyAyajI ne 'atha sataviSayatAvacchedakena rUpeNa sAkSAta sataviSayAryapratipAdakatvaM' (pR. 26) isa zabda se vAcakatva kA svarUpa pradarzita karate hae anta meM yasmin zabde yadA yadarthaviSayasya sAkSAt saMketasya grahaH pratipattijanakaH sa tadA tasya vAcakaH' (pR. 26-27) isa taraha vAcaka kA pariSkRta lakSaNa batAyA hai| . isI prasaMga meM pradIpakAra kA mata prastuta karake usa para apanA vicAra bhI spaSTa rUpa se pratipAdita kiyA hai (dra. pR. 28-29) / abhiprAya yaha hai pratyeka zabda yatkiJcit artha kA pratipAdaka hone ke kAraNa vAcaka ko lAkSaNika mAdi se bhinna batAne ke lie yattacchandaghaTita hI vAcakatvasvarUpa samajhAnA hogaa| isalie 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyau' isa taraha ke vAkya meM gaGgA zabda tIra kA vAcaka nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki jisa zabda meM jisa samaya meM yadartha viSayaka sAkSAt saGkataha zAbdabodhajanaka hotA hai| usa samaya meM vaha zabda usa artha kA vAcaka hai| prastuta vAkya meM gaGgA zabda, tIra viSayaka sAkSAt saGkatagraha zAbdabodhajanaka na hone ke kAraNa tIrarUpArtha kA vA saGketa kI paribhASA 'tasmAd vyavahArakozAdivyaGagyo'tirikta eva padArthaH saGkatasaMjJakaH (pa. 30) isa zabda se 'bhasmAcchandAdayamoM boDavyaH' ityAdi IzvarecchA se vilakSaNa padArthAntara saGkata ko sUcita kiyA hai| jo ki mImAMsaka Adi prasannatA se mAnya kara sakate haiN| isI prakAra prANapradatva 'yAvadvastusambandhitvam natu yAvadvastusthAyitvaM nIlapItAdInAmapi nityatvena yAvada vastusthAyitvAt..."(pR. 35) ityAdi zabda se bahuta sundara pariSkAra batAyA hai / .. yadyapi paribhASA kI yojanA navya naiyAyika kI zailI se achUtI nahIM rahI hai tathApi nirduSTa paribhASA banAne ke lie upAdhyAyajI ne bharasaka prayatna kiyA hai| tathA jAtyAdi ke bIca vastutaH kona vAcyArtha ho sakatA hai ? isa viSaya meM mImAMsaka Adi kI carcA karate hue 'tasmAd vyaktipakSa eva kSodakSamaH "pR052|' isa zabda se jAtyavacchinna vyakti meM hI bAcakatA siddha kI hai| yadyapi yaha mata inakA svatantra nahIM hai, kyoMki naMyAyikoM ne bhI 'jAtyAkRtivyaktayaH padArthAH' aisA gautamasUtrAnusArI usI taraha kA siddhAnta pradarzita kiyA hai tathApi zrIupAdhyAyajI ne bhanekAntavAdI siddhAnta ke pratipAdaka hote hue bhI sthAna-sthAna para naiyAyika mata se siddha padArthoM ko mAdara kI dRSTi se svIkAra karanA kartavya samajhA hai| 'pratra pratibhAti-zaktistAvat padArthAntaramityuktam, tacca""(ityAdyArabhya) nApi kuntAH pravizantItyAdau kantadharatvaprakArakabodhAbhyupagamanibandhanoktadoSaprasaGga iti' (pR0 58) ityantaM vAkya se bar3A hI mArmika padArthAntara saGkata. padArtha ko samajhAte hae gaGgAdi zabda ko tIra yamunAdi artha kA avAcakatva siddha kiyA hai tathA isI bIca prasaMgavaza prateka anya TIkAkAroM ke matoM kA vivecana bhI diyA hai jinameM maNikAra, subuddhi mitha, madhUmatIkAra Adi pramukha haiN|

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lakSaNA ke bheda lakSaNA zuddhA gauraNI sAropA-sAdhyavasAnA upAdAna lakSaNA lakSaNalakSaNA soropA-sAdhyavasAnA sAropA-sAdhyavasAnA prAcArya mammaTa ne 'lakSaNA tena ssddvidhaa'| (sU. 17) isa kArikAMza se prathama 1. zudA aura 2. gauraNI ye donoM lakSaNA ke bheda batAye haiN| tadanantara zuddhA ke 1. 'upAdAnalakSaNA aura 2. lakSaNalakSaNA ye do bheda puna: batAkara gauNI ke 'sAropA aura 2. sAdhyavasAnA' ye donoM bheda batAkara lakSaNA ke chaH bheda batAe haiN| prAge jAkara punaH 1. gUDhavyaGgyA 2. agUDhavyaGgyA tathA 3. pravyaGagyA isa taraha lakSaNA ke tIna bheda batAe haiN| yahA~ zuddhAtva kA pariSkAra upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne 'bhatra brUmaH' (pR.0 74) ityAdi zabda se gauNIpadavAcya 'bhinnatvavyApyalakSaNAvibhAjakopAdhimattva'rUpa kiyA hai / abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa sthala meM sAdRzyasambandhamUlaka lakSaNA hotI hai use 'guraNAdAmatA' isa vyutpatti se gauNI kahate haiM / aura jahA~ sAdRzya se itara svasAmIpyabhAva, avayavAvayavibhAva Adi sambandha lekara lakSaNA hotI hai use zuddhA lakSaNA kahate haiN| jahAM upacAra kA mizraNa hotA hai use gauNI paura jahA~ upacAra kA amizraNa hotA hai vahA~ zuddhA lakSaNA mAnI jAtI hai| 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' meM gaGgApadArtha aura tIra padArtha meM sAdazyAtizaya ko lekara bhedapratIti sthagita karane kI koI prAvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai isalie yahA~ zuddhA mora 'gaurvAhIkaH' yahA~ para jAr3aya, mAndya prAdi guNoM ko lekara sAdRzyAtizaya hone ke kAraNa jalapravAha vizeSa aura tIra artha meM bhedapratIti kA zaithilya karanA par3atA hai| yahA~ prAcArya mammaTa ne svayaM mukulabhaTTa kA mata khaNDita kiyA hai| unake mata meM vAcyArtha aura lakSyArtha ina donoM kA bhedarUpa tATasthya hone para zuddhA aura bhedarUpa tATasthya na hone para gauNI lakSaNA siddha hotI hai| kintu zuddhA kA udAharaNa 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' hai| yahA~ yadi jalapravAha aura taTa ye donoM bhinnarUpa se pratIta hoM to 'gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH' isa taraha kA vAkyoccAraNa na kara 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' isa taraha ke vAkyoccAraNa se taTa meM jo zakyatAvacchedaka gaGgAtva kI pratIti aura usake gaGgAgatazaityapAvanatvAdi kI pratIti jo abhISTa hai vaha kathamapi sambhava nahIM ho sakatI hai| gUDhatva kA pariSkAra 'sahavayamAtravedyatvam' tathA bhagUDhatva kA pariSkAra 'sahRdayAsahRdayavecatvam kiyA hai| hRdaya zabda se pratibhA prartha samajhanA caahie| pratibhA kA tAtparya navanavonmeSazAlinI buddhi hai| uttamatva. prayojaka gUDhavatI lakSaNA kA udAharaNa bhAcArya mammaTa ne mukhaM vikasitasmitaMzitavakrimaprekSitaM, samucchalitavibhramA gatirapAstasaMsthA matiH /

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urI mukulitastanaM jaghanamaMsabandhokharaM, batenduvadanAtanau taruNimodgamo modate // (pR0 102) zlokArya yaha hai ki candramukhI ke zarIra meM yauvana kA praveza atyanta hI sundara hai / usakA muMha smita, sugandhisampanna banA huA hai| kaTAkSa vazIkaraNasamartha pratIta hotA hai| calanA hAva-bhAva se bharA hA pratIta hotA hai| buddhi maryAdA-rahita ho gaI hai / vakSaHsthala kaThinastanayukta hai / jA~ghe aMsabandha arthAt ratibandha Asana ke yogya haiN| yahA~ upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne 'vikasita' zabda se muMha meM saurabha ko vyaMgya mAnA hai| yA 'dayitamadhuvrato. citamadhumadhurAdharamandiratvaM vyaGgyam' isa zabda se nAyikA ke muMha meM madhukararUpI nAyaka ke lie nAyikA kA pradhara madhu ke samAna madhura prAsvAdayogya abhivyaGgya batAyA hai| 'vazita' zabda se 'bAlyA mAvena yAdRcchika pravRtti-virahAd gurujanasannidhAne'pi nimRtanijanAyakAnunayanimitta-niyuktaparijanatvaM vyaGgyamiti vayam" isa zabda se "bAlyakAla vyatIta ho jAne para yauvana ke samAgamana-samaya meM svacchanda hokara dhUma nahIM sakatI hai| isalie mAtA, pitA prAdi gurujana ke samakSa bhI guptapremI ke yahA~ anunaya-vinaya karane ke lie dUtI mAdi parijana ko vaza meM kI huI hai" aisA vyaGgya hotA hai| 'samucchalita' zabda se "yuvaka janoM ke mana ko prasanna karane vAlI athavA priyatama ke prANoM kA prAdhAra lekara TikI huI" aisA vyaGgya mAnA hai| maryAdAvAcaka 'saMsthA' zabda se premotkarSa athavA 'dayitamukhAvalokanAvasaravismRtavayasyopadiSTamAninIjanama maunadhAraNAdi-ceSTitatvaM vyaGgyaH (pR0 102 se 104 )" ityAdi kathana se "priyatama ke mukhadarzana hote hI svasakhIprabhUti se mAna ke lie maunadhAraNa Adi viSayaka upadeza ko bhUla jAnevAlI" isa taraha kA vyaGgya sUcita kiyA hai / 'mukulita' zabda se ghanIbhUta stana hone ke kAraNa ratyAdi kAla meM madita hone para bhI kAThinya ko na chor3anevAle stanoM se yukta, 'akSatayauvanA'rUpI vyaGgya artha sUcita kiyA hai| udhura zabda se 'yauvanayuvarAja-parAjita-kAmakArAgAratvaM, tahariNamamahIpatimRgayopalabdha-kAmukamRgavAgurAtvaM vA0 (pR0 104) ityAdi kathana se yauvanarUpI yuvarAja se parAjita hokara kAmarUpI rAjA kArAgAra samajha kara usa nAyikA meM nivAsa kara rahe haiM athavA yauvanarUpI rAjA ne zikAra meM kAmakarUpI maga ko phaMsAne ke lie nAyikArUpI pAza kA avalambana kiyA hai, aisA vyaGgya pradarzita kiyA hai| 'movate' zabda se smitAdi uddIpana-vibhAvaratnAkaranAyikA hai aisA vyaGgya hotA hai| .. yahAM una-una zabdoM meM sva-sva buddhivaibhava se sabhI TIkAkAra-paravartI bhAcAryoM ne vyaGgya batAye haiN| kintu upAdhyAya jI mahArAja kI vyaGgya-kalpanA kucha aura hI anokhI jAta hotI hai| isI taraha lakSaNA ke prasaGga meM kaI yuktiyAM inhoMne acchI batAI haiN| vyaJjanA-vicAra vyaJjanAvAda kI sthApanA karate hue prAcArya mammaTa me lakSaNA se vyaJjanA kA bheda dikhAte hue 'hetvamAvAnna lakSaNA' isa zabda se arthAt svazakyasambandharUpA yA zakyatAvacchedakaprakAraka pAroparUpI lakSaNA ke lie 1. mukhyArthAsvaya-bAdha, 2. mukhyArtha ke sAtha lakSyA kA prasiddha sambandha tathA 3. rUDhi, prayojanAnyatara hetu ye tInoM anivArya heta batAye haiN| vyaJjanAvAda meM ina tInoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| tathA 'lakSyaM na mukhyaM nApyatra bAgho yogaH phalena no| na prayojanametasmina na ca zabdaH skhalanagatiH' / sU0 26 // (pR0 111)

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118 isa kArikA se unhoMne batAyA hai ki "gaGgAzabda kA artha srota hone ke kAraNa usakA mAdhArAdheyabhAvasambandha ghoSarUpI mukhyArtha ke sAtha bAdhita hai| isalie gaGgApada kI lakSaNA tIra meM mAnI jAtI hai| usI taraha usakA taTarUpI artha karane para bhI yadi ghoSapadArtha ke sAtha anvayabAdhA rahatI to zaityapAvanatvAdi prayojanarUpI vyaGgyArtha meM lakSaNA vRtti svIkAra kara sakate the| isa prakAra mukhyArtha sambandha hI lakSaNA hai| zaityapAvanatvAdi lakSyArtha mAnane para taTarUpI artha mukhyArtha mAnanA pdd'egaa| kintu vaha gaGgApada kA mukhyArtha nahIM hai evaM usakA anvaya bAdhita nahIM hai| ata: zaityapAvanadhAdi artha ke sAtha taTa artha kA koI prasiddha sambandha nahIM hai evaM zaityapAvanatvAdi isa prakAra artha meM lakSaNAvRtti ke lie koI prayojanAntara nahIM hai| kyoMki "gaGgA zabda jisa taraha taTa artha ko nahIM samajhA sakatA, usI taraha zaityapAvanatvAdi prayojana ko bhI nahIM samajhA sakatA" aisI bAta nahIM hai| prayojanavatI lakSaNA ke lie yadi prayojana meM bhI lakSaNA svIkAra kareMge to anavasthA-doSa upasthita ho jAyagA, jo mUla ko bhI kSINa kara degaa| yahA~ 'na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiH, isa kArikAMza kA vyAkhyAna karate hue 'zabdo lAkSaNikazabdaH, mukhyArthabAdhAdinarapekSyeNArthAboSakatvaM skhaladgatitvam / ' 'subuddhimizrAstu 'nanvatrApi nirUDhalakSaNA (anAditAtparyavatI) lakSaNA'stvityata pAha-na ca zabda iti / skhalantI gati: zatyAderzAnaM yasyAsau skhaladgatiH zatyAderabodhako gnggaadiH| (pR0 112) ityAdi zabda se dUsaroM kA vyAkhyAna batAkara pazcAt apanA mata batAyA hai| isameM pahale vyAkhyAna kA sArAMza yaha huA ki 'mukhyArthabAdha, mukhyArthasambandha aura rUDhiprayojanAnyatara hetU' ina tInoM ke prabhAva meM bhI lAkSaNika gaGgAzabda zaityAdi prartha kA bodhaka hai| saddhi mizra jI kA kahanA hai ki zaityapAvanatvAdirUpI prayojana vyaGgya meM nirUDhA-lakSaNA nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki gaGgAdi zabda vyaJjanA-vyApAra ke dvArA zaityapAvanAdi artha kA bodhaka hai isalie zaityapAvanatvAdi kA jJAna gaMgAdi zabda se sulabha hai| phira zaityapAvanatvAdi meM lakSaNA kisa taraha ho sakatI hai ? upAdhyAyajI ne 'vayaMva viramya vyApArAyogaH skhaladagatiH" ..", netyarthaH' (pR0 112) isa zabda se jaba gaGgAdi zabda taTAdirUpI lakSyArtha ko samajha kara virata ho gayA taba pUnaH lakSaNA vRtti se zaMtyapAvanatvAdi prayojana rUpI artha ko kisa taraha samajha sakate haiM? isa taraha kA bhAva batAyA hai jo ki yuktisaMgata hai| 'zabdabuddhikarmaNAM ghiramya vyApArAbhAvaH' isa nyAya se lakSaNAvRtti bhI eka zabda meM puna:punaH nahIM ho sakatI hai| yaha abhiprAya sarvathA yuktisaMgata hI hai| isI taraha vyaJjanAvAda ko lakSaNA meM gatArtha karane ke lie pUrvapakSiyoM ne gaMgAdi zabda meM zaityapAvanatvAdiviziSTa tIrAdi artha meM lakSaNAvRtti svIkAra kI hai| usakA khaNDana karate hue prAcArya mammaTa ne 'prayojanena sahitaM lakSaNIyaM na yujyate' isa kArikAMza se yaha pratipAdana kiyA hai ki zaityapAvanatvAdipratIti prayojana arthAt phala hai aura tarapratIti kArya hai| jisa taraha naiyAyika vaizeSikoM ke mata meM viSayapratyakSa aura tadanuvyavasAya yugapad nahIM ho skte| kyoMki viSayapratyakSa ke anantara hI viSayasaMvedanAkhya anuvyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ho sakatA hai| isI prakAra kumArila bhadra ke mata meM viSaya pratyakSa ke anantara hI viSayaniSThajJAtatA athavA prakaTatArUpI phala utpanna hotA hai| usI taraha gaGgA zabda se tIrapratIti hone para hI zaityapAvanatvAdi-pratyayarUpI phala ho sakate haiM na ki tIrapratyaya aura zaityapAvanatvAdi pratyaya yugapad ho sakate haiN|' kAraNakAryapratIti yugapad nahIM harA karatI hai| yahA~ viziSTe lakSaNA navaM' yaha mammaTa kI kArikA hai| usakA vyAkhyAna upAdhyAyajI ne 'vayaM yadyata

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16 niyamadvayabalAla zaityAdiviziSTe lakSaNA tadA vIratvAdiviziSTe'pi sA mAstu, prAkAzapadAcchAzrayatvAderiva tIratvA. derapi vRtti vinavoktaniyamadvayabalAdeva bhAnopapatterityata pAha-viziSTa iti tIratvAdiviziSTe ityarthaH / evaM niyamayasvIkAra ityarthaH, tathA ceSTApattirevAveti bhAvaH / (pR0 125) isa taraha ke vyAkhyAna se apanA abhinava siddhAnta upasthita kiyA hai / unakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'yaddharmAvacchinnatayopasthitasyaiva yatra zakyasambandhagrahastatra taddharmaprakArakaevaM zAbdabodhaH, yacchandAbhiSAjanyopasthitau yatra yaH prakAratayA bhAsate tacchandavRttilakSaNAjanyoparithatAvapi tatrasa evepti niyamo vA' isa vAkya se pahale hI do niyama dikhAye hai pahalA niyama-jisa rUpa se upasthita artha meM saGkatagraha hotA hai usI rUpa se usa artha kA zAbdabodha meM bhAna hotA hai| udAharaNa-'ghaTatvAdi rUpa se upasthita ghaTAdi artha meM ghaTAdi pada kA satagraha hotA hai| usa ghaTatvAdi rUpa se hI ghaTAdi artha kA 'ghaTo'sti' ityAdi vAkyoM se honevAle zAbdabodhoM meM bhAna hotA hai|' 2. dUsarA niyama-jisa zabda kI abhidhAvRtti se upasthita prartha meM jo dharmaprakAra hotA hai vahI usa zabda ko lakSaNAvRtti se janya zAbdabodha meM bhI prakAra hotA hai| jisa taraha gaGgAzabda kI abhidhA se upasthita srotovizeSa artha meM srotastva prakArIbhUta dharma hai| isalie gaGgAvRtti se honevAle zAbdabodha meM bhI srotastvarUpa se hI srota artha kA bhAna hotA hai| isa prakAra ke donoM niyama mAna lene para zaityAdiviziSTa tIra artha meM lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jAyagI to tIratvaviziSTa artha meM bhI lakSaNA mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| jisake lie iSTApatti hai, ityAdi vyAkhyAna abhinava hI hai| tathA abhidhA, tAtparyAkhyA aura lakSaNA ina tInoM vRttiyoM se vyaJjanA ko vilakSaNa batAte hue vyaJjanAvRtti kA nAmAntara 'tacca dhyajana-dhvanana-dyotanAdizabdavAcyamavazyameSitavyam' (pR0 126) isa aMza se vyaJjanA kA vyaMjana dhvanana ityAdi nAmakaraNa batAyA hai| usa viSaya meM tathA ca pratItyanupapattyA sAdhite vastuni vivAdAbhAvAnnAma tasya kimapi kriyatAM tatra nAsmAkamAgrahaH (pR0 230) ityAdi se yoM batAyA hai ki vyaGgyapratIti sarvAnubhava siddha hai| vyaGagya kI sattA kA lopa kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| usakA nAma yadi vyaJjanA bhI karate haiM to usameM koI doSa nahIM hai| yahA~ upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne vyajanA meM arthApatti pramANa svatantra rUpa se upasthita kiyA hai| unakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki "svAdhIna zabdaprayoga hone para bhI pravAcaka zabda kA kyoM prayoga hotA hai| isalie 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' ityAdi vAkyoM meM 'gaGgAtaTe' isa zabda kI jagaha 'gaGgAyAM' isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| evam 'bhadrAtmanaH isa pada meM dvayarthaka 'kara' prAdi zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / isalie vahA~ zaityapAvanatvAdi tIravRtti samajhane ke lie tathA hastI artha evam usa artha ke sAtha prastuta rAjA artha kA upamAlaGkAra samajhane ke lie vRttyantara vyaJjanA avazya mAnanI caahie|" 'tayA ca na svAyatta ityAdyarthApattireva tatra mAnamapi tu vAcyalakSyapratItapadArthAnupapattirUpArthApattireva sarvatra vyajanAyAM mAnam prata evAvAcyArthadhIkRtityAheti bhAva iti vyAcakSmahe / ' (pR. 130-31) isa kathana se vAcyAdi arthapratIti ke anantara pratIta vyaMgya artha ke lie vyaJjanA-vRtti kI AvazyakatA hai| isalie prAcArya mammaTa ne 'pravAcyAthaMghIkRta vyApRtiraJjanam, isa zabda se pratIyamAna arthabodhaka vyaJjanAvRtti kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| tathA anekArthaka zabdasthala meM prakaraNAdi se niyantrita abhidhA prakAnta Adi arthamAtra kA pratipAdana kara kSINa ho jAtI hai| vahA~ aprakrAntAdi dvitIya artha evaM usake sAtha pratIyamAna upamAdi alaGkAra abhidhAmUlA vyaMjanA se hI gamya ho sakatA hai| yahAM bhartRhari kI 'saMyogo viprayogazca' ityAdi kArikAeM prAcArya mammaTa ne upasthita kI haiN|

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unakA vyAkhyAna karate hue abhidhA-niyantraNa ke viSaya meM apanA mata svatantra pradarzita kiyA hai| yadi abhidhA niyantraNa kA abhidhAviSayaka agraha artha kareM? to yaha artha saMgata nahIM hai| kozAdi se dvitIya artha meM abhidhA kA graha . ho sakatA hai aura dvitIya artha meM abhidhAgrahAdhIna saMskAra kI utpatti na honA bhI niyantraNa padArtha nahIM kaha sakate hai| vitIya artha meM abhidhAgrahottara prakaraNAdi kA prabhAva hone para dvitIyArtha meM abhiMghAgrahAdhIna saMskAra hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai / isalie "matra khUmaH-aprakRtAdharthagocarAbhidhAjanyazAgdadhabodhatvameva prakaraNAvipratibadhyatA. bacchedakaM...' (pR. 133) ityAdi aprakrAntadvitIyAdyarthaviSayaka prabhidhAdhIna zAbdabodha na honA hI abhidhAniyantraNa hai" isa taraha kA abhinava pariSkAra upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne kiyA hai| saMyoga Adi zabdoM kA choTe zabdoM meM unhoMne kitanA sundara pariSkAra kiyA hai / udAharaNa1. sNyogo-gunnvishessH| .. 2. viprayoga:-saMyogadhvaMso vibhAgo vA / 3. sAhacaryam-ekakAladezAvasthAyitvam, ekasmin kArye parasparasApekSatvaM vaa|' . 4. virodhitA-baghyaghAtakabhAvaH sahAnavasthAnaM ca' / 5. arthaH-prayojanam / 6. 'prkrnnN-vktRshrotRbuddhisthtaa|' 7. liGga-saMyogAtiriktasambandhena parasparavyAvartako dhrmH|' 8. zabdasyAnyasya saMnidhiH-samAsAdyanadhInasamAnArthakatAkazabdAntarasamabhivyavahAraH / 6. saamrthym-kaarnntaa|' 10. 'naucitii-yogytaa'| 12. 'deshkaalo-prsiddhau'| 13. vyakti:-liGgaM puMstvAdi / 13. svarAvayaH- udAttAdiH ityAdi / inakA artha spaSTa hai| punazca-abhidhAmUlA vyaMjanA aura zleSa ina donoM kA bheda 'tasmAdabhidhAniyAmaka-saMyogAdyamAve zleSaH, tatsattve vyajanetyeva prmaarthH|' (pR0 140) isa vAkya se isa taraha pradarzita kiyA hai-jahA~ abhidhAvRtti kA niyantraNa karanevAlA sayogAdi padArtha haiN| vahAM dvitIyArthabodhaka abhidhAmUlA vyaMjanA hai aura aura jahA~ abhidhAniyantraNa karanevAle saMyogAdi nahIM haiM vahA~ zleSa mAnanA caahie| 1. vAcya 2. lakSya aura 3. vyaGgya ye tIna taraha ke artha hote haiM aura unake pratipAdaka 1. vAcaka 2. lAkSaNika tathA 3. vyaJjaka isa prakAra tIna taraha ke zabda hote haiN| vizeSatA yaha hai ki vyaJjaka, zabda kI taraha artha bhI ho sakatA hai| usameM bhI trividha artha-vaktA evaM boddhavya Adi ke vaiziSTya se vyaGgyArthavyaMjaka ho sakatA hai| kintu vyaMgyArthapratIti, vaktA Adi ke vaiziSTya rahane para bhI pratibhAzAlI sahRdaya vidvAn ko hI ho sakatI hai| isalie prAcArya mammaTa ne 'prastAvadezakAlAdevaiziSTyAt pratibhAjuSAm / yo'yasyAnyArthIhetuApAro vyaktireva sA // (sU0 37 pR0 146)

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121 / isa prakAra prasaGgotthAna kara vAcyAdi ke trividhArtha kA pratipAdana karane ke liye 'marthavyaJjakatA-nirUpaNAtmaka' tRtIya ullAsa kA prArambha kiyA hai / aura kahA hai ki ukta kArikA meM jo 'pratibhAjuSAm' pada kA prayoga kiyA hai| vahA~ pratibhA zabda se vAsanA yA navanavonmeSazAlinI prajJA samajhanI cAhie aura vyakti zabda se vyaJjanA-vRtti samajhanI caahie| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jahAM vaktA, boddhavya Adi kA vaiziSTyarUpI sahakArIkAraNa vidyamAna hotA hai vahIM pratibhAvAna vyaktiyoM ko vyaGgyArthapratIti huA karatI hai| isalie arthamAtra vyaJjaka hone para bhI sabhI sthaloM meM sabhI ko vyaGgyArtha-pratIti kI Apatti nahIM hotI hai| isaliye vyaGyAnumeyavAdI zakuka aura mahimabhaTTa prAdi kA mata bhI ThIka nahIM hai| unake mata meM vyaGgya vastu, alaMkAra aura rasAdi ko anumeya svIkRta karane para vyaGa gyArtha pratIti ke lie kAraNarUpa se vyAptijJAna apekSita hogA usake vilamba se vyaGgyapratIti kA vilamba svAbhAvika ho jAe; kintu vyaGgayArtha ke sAtha kisI bhI artha kA sAhacaryagraha Adi ke prabhAva meM bhI pratibhAvAnoM ko vyaGgayArthapratIti dekhI jAtI hai / isalie vyaGagyoM ko anumeya mAnakara vyaJjanAvAda kA khaNDana karanA nirI mUrkhatA hI hai / isI vastu ko upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne 'tathA ca vaktavaiziSTyAdijJAnotthApitapratimAyAmeva satyAM vyaGagyapratItiH na tu vyAptyAdijJAnavilambe na vilamba iti nAnumAnenAnyathAsiddhiya'janAyA iti bhAvaH' (pR0 146) isa kathana dvArA anumitivAda se vyaJjanAvAda ko pRthak batAte hue vyaJjanAbAda meM vyAptijJAna kI nirapekSatA aura anumitivAda meM usakI apekSA dikhAI hai| vaktRboddhavyakAkUnAM' isa kArikA meM 'vaktR' zabda se kavi athavA kavinibaddha nAyaka prabhati samajhanA cAhie / 'boddhavya' pada se bodhanIya puruSa athavA strI samajhanI cAhiye / 'kAku' zabda se dhvanivikAra kA bodha hotA hai| 'prastAva' zabda se prakaraNa, 'deza' zabda se vijanavana, 'kAla' zabda se vasanta prAdi Rtu kI ceSTA samajhanI caahie| 'vAkya' zabda se sAkAGakSya padasamUha aura 'vAcya' zabda se zakyA samajhanA caahie| kavirAja vizvanAtha ne bhI 'savAsanAnAM nATyAdI rasasyAnubhavo bhavet / nirvAsanAstu raGgAntarvezmakuDyAzmasaMnibhAH // (sAhityadarpaNa) isa padya se pratibhAvAnoM ko hI vyaGyArthAsvAda kA saubhAgya batAyA hai| unake mata meM bhI pratibhArUpI vAsanA se zunya puruSa nATyazAlA meM baiThe rahane para bhI ve vahA~ ke khambhe Adi ke samAna rasAsvAda ke adhikArI nahIM vaktA ke vaiziSTya arthAt vailakSaNya se vAkyArtha vyaGgyavyaMjaka hotA hai| usakA udAharaNa pratipRthulaM jalakumbhaM gRhItvA samAgatA'smi sakhi | tvaritam / zramasvedasalilaniHzvAsanissahA vizrAmyAmi kSaNam // yaha padya hai / , yahAM vaktrI kAminI kA duHzIlarUpI valakSaNya sAmAjikoM ko pahale se jJAta hone ke kAraNa unake lie usa padya se corI kI gaI rati kA gopana vyaGgaya hotA hai| yahA~ upAdhyAya jI mahArAja ne 'pratra jalapadaM jalapUrNa lAkSariekaM, gRhItveti padaM svayamevotthApya gRhiittvruupaantrsNkrmitvaacymiti..."| (pR0 151) ityAdi zabda se "akelI jalaparNa ghaDe ko uThAkara lAne se hI parizrama adhika hA hai aura parizrama adhika hone se lambI sAMse cala rahI haiN| isa taraha kA lakSyArtha bhI cauryarata-gopanarUpI vyaGgya artha kA vyaJjaka hai aisA svIkAra kiyA hai|

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122 usI taraha 'tathA tadvyaGgyayotuM vahatvAyAsAtizayayorapi vyaJjakatvamAkalanIyam' isa zabda se akelI hokara' itane bar3e jala se bhare ghar3e ko uThAnA bahuta bar3A prAyAsa hai isa taraha kA vyaGgya bhI cauryaratagopanarUpI vyaGgyAntara kA vyaJjaka ho sakatA hai| yahA~ eka hI udAharaNa meM 1. 'vAcyArthaghaTita vAkyArtha, 2. lakSyArtha praura 3. dhyAigyArtha ye tInoM artha vyaMjaka hai aisA batAkara apanI pUrNa pratibhA kA paricaya diyA hai| isI taraha boddhavyavailakSaNya se vAcyArtha vyaGgyArthavyaMjaka hotA hai| udAharaNa"praunniApa daurbalyaM ..... // (pR0 152) ityAdi hai| yahA~ para boddhavyA ko kAlAntarAvagata duHzIlarUpI aparAdhavAlI ghoSita kiyA hai| isalie boddhavyA duHzIlA dUtI usa nAyikA ne kAmuka se upabhoga-kAryasampAdana kiyA hai isa taraha kA vyaGgya hotA hai| .. yahA~ upAdhyAyajI ne "atra mama kRte ityasya viparItalakSaNayA svakRta iti mandAginyA ityasya mAgvavatyA ityartha lakSyasya vyaJjakatvama, kAmakopabhogena datIkAmakayoraparASadhyaJjane vyaGagyasyApi vyajakatvamAkalanIyam / ' (pR0 152) isa zabda se 'mama kRte' zabda kA apane lie 'mandamAginyA:' zabda kA bhAgyavatI lakSyArtha tathA 'svakAmukopamoga' ye donoM milakara dUtI evaM svakAmuka kA aparAdharUpI vyaGa gyAntara kA vyaMjana kara sakate haiN| yahAM para bhI trividha arthoM meM vyaGgyavyaJjakatA upAdhyAya jI ne spaSTa kI hai| kAkuvailakSaNya se vyaGgyArthapratIti kA udAharaNa tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA nRpasadasi pAJcAlatanayAM0 (pR. 152) ityAdi yaha padya hai| yaha padya 'veNIsaMhAra' nATaka se prAcArya mammaTa ne uddhRta kiyA hai / bhAva yaha hai ki "bharI huI rAjasabhA meM rajasvalA avasthA meM bhI drupada jaise rAjA kI suputrI draupadI ke bAloM ko pakar3a kara duHzAsana khIMca rahA hai aura draupadI vyAkula hokara pratIkAra karane ke lie hama logoM kA muMha dekha rahI hai / isa taraha kI kAtarAkSI draupadI ko dekha kara bhI, jaGgala ke bIca valkaladhArI vyAdhoM ke sAtha nivAsa karake bhI, virAT rAjA ke ghara rasoiyA prAdi kA nikRSTa karma sampAdana kara kisI taraha guptAvAsa kA samaya vyatIta kara ke bhI bar3e bhAI yudhiSThira mahArAja, una duryodhana Adi kauravoM ke prati krodha nahIM prakaTa karate haiM / kevala mere Upara hI krodha karanA jAnate haiN|" yaha ukti bhIma kI hai| yahAM 'nAdyApi' isa zabda meM nara kI jagaha kAku hai / isalie usa kAku ke dvArA 'mujha para krodha karanA ThIka nahIM hai| pratyuta una duryodhana prAdi kauravoM ke prati hI krodha karanA samucita haiN| isa taraha kA vyaGgya pratIta hotA hai| yaha udAharaNa dhvanikAvya kA hai na ki guraNIbhUtavyaGgya (madhyama kAvya) kA / isa bAta kI prAsaGgika carcA karate hue svayam prAcArya mammaTa ne yaha siddhAnta pradarzita kiyA hai ki 'jahA~ vyaGgyArthakSepa se hI vAcyArthapratIti upapanna ho vahAM vAcyasiddhayaGgavyaGgya nAma kA guNIbhUta arthAt madhyama kAvya mAnA jAtA hai aura udAharaNa

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madhnAmi koravazataM samare na kopAt, duHzAsanasya rudhiraM na pibaamyurstH| saJcUrNayAmi gadayA na suyodhanorU, sandhi karotu bhavatAM nRpatiH paNena / yaha diyA hai| yaha padya duryodhana Adi azeSa kauravoM ke kSaya kI pratijJA kie hue bhIma kI ukti hai| yahA~ para azeSa kauravavinAza kI pratijJA karanevAle bhIma kI 'na mathnAmi' yaha ukti prasaGgata-sI hai| isalie 'na manAmi' yahA~ para kAku ke dvArA 'avazya mathana karatA hai aisA vyaGgaya artha nikAla kara vAcyArtha kI upapatti kI jAtI hai| yahA~ kAkuvyaGgya 'avazya mathana karatA hU~' yaha vAcyArtha sAdhaka hone ke kAraNa guNIbhUtavyaGgya kA udAharaNa ho jAtA hai| 'tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA' padya meM 'guruH pracApi khedaM na bhajati ?' isa taraha kA praznavAkya upasthita kara ke hI kAku, vAcya siddhi kA praGga ho sakatA hai na ki svataH / isalie ise guraNIbhUtavyaGgya arthAt madhyamakAla nahIM kaha sakate haiN| yahAM para 'sahadeva! guruH khedaM mayi jAnAtIti praznopakrame zlokAvatArAdatrApi kimiti gururmayi khedaM bhajati na kurudhviti praznaparatve kAkvA grAhite prakRtavAkyArthAdeva' (pR0 157) ityAdi zabdoM se 'madhumatI' kAvyaprakAzaTIkAkAra, ravi prAcArya, subuddhimizra tathA govindaThakkura prabhRti kA matakhaNDana karate hue 'vayaM tu dayitaM dRSTvA lajjA te lalane [ityatra] payirtavavanasya lajjAkAraNatvAvagamavat" iti bhAvaH / ' (pR0 153) isa grantha se svamata-pradarzana kiyA hai| usakA sAra yaha hai ki 'dayita dRSTvA lajjA te lalane !' yahA~ bhale hI dayitadarzana lajjA kA kAraNa ho sakatA hai| lekina 'tayAbhUtAM dRSTvA ' isa sthala meM tAza draupadI kA darzana bhIma ke Upara honevAle krodha kA hetu hai na ki duryodhana Adi kauravoM ke Upara honevAle krodha kA hetu hai| isa taraha kA artha ayogya hone ke kAraNa tAza draupadI kA darzana bhIma ke prati kie jAne vAle krodha kA hetu nahIM hai apitu vaha kauravoM ke prati honevAle krodha kA hetu hai yahI prartha paryavasita hotA hai| 'mayina yogyaH khevaH' isa vyaGgya kA 'mujha para honevAle krodha kA hetu tAdRza draupadI kA darzana yaha ThIka nahIM hai apitu kauravoM ke prati honevAle krodha kA hI hetu hone yogya hai' aisA abhiprAya laganA caahie| yaha artha kAka se gamya hotA hai| isalie yaha artha 'kAkuvyaGya' hai na ki usakA vyaJjaka koI vAcyArtha hai| taba yaha kisa taraha arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa ho sakatA hai ? yaha AzaGkA 'na ca vAcyasiddhapaGgamatra kAku:' isa zabda se pradarzita kI hai| prAge jAkara 'bhrAtaraM dRSTvAyaM lajjate na zvasuram' isa vAkya ko sunakara 'kutaH' yaha praznavAkya upasthita hone para 'zvasura ko dekhakara lajAtI hai na ki bhAI ko dekhakara lajAtI hai yaha vyaGgya artha jisa taraha vahA~ pratIta hai usI taraha yahA~ bhI majha para krodha karanA ThIka nahIM hai apitu kauravoM ke prati krodha karanA hI ThIka hai' yaha artha vyaGgya hotA hai| isa isa artha kA vyajaka prathama artha ko mAnanA par3egA, isa taraha samAdhAna kiyA hai| yahA~ inakI vicAradhArA madhumatI. kAra, subuddhimizra, govinda Thakkura prabhRti TIkAkAroM kI vicAradhArA se sarvathA svatantra pratIta hotI hai| draSTavya (pRSTha 152 se 156) . upAdhyAyajI kI yaha eka aura vizeSatA hai ki ye "jaba taka pratyeka zabda kA abhipreta artha na pratIta ho tabataka Age bar3hakara gaharAI kI ora jAnA cAhie" aisA saGkata pala-pala meM karate dikhAI dete haiN| isalie kahIM kahIM zabdakhaNDa kI tathA naiyAyika, vaizeSika niyamoM kI carcA bhI inhoMne kI hai| jo ki Aja ke mRddhizAlI vidyArthiyoM ke lie utanI mAvazyaka nahIM hogii| tathApi rahasyajijJAsuoM ke lie inakA vicAra avazya pramoda bar3hAne vAlA hogaa|

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124 jisa taraha nAyikA ke kaTAkSa bhale hI bAlakoM ke lie pramodAvaha na hoM, lekina yuvakoM ke lie ve avazya pramodadAyI hote haiN| nyAyazAstra kI satata carcA karane se zrI upAdhyAyajI kI buddhi bhI aisI kuzAgra ho gaI thI ki jisase pratyeka sthala meM svatantra aura gambhIra vicAra karanA unake lie hastAmalaka jaisA ho gayA thaa| 'tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA' isa zloka meM bhI 'patra praznarUpavyaGgyasya vyaJjakatve vyaGgyArthavyaJjanodAharaNamapIdam, mayItyasya niraparAve kUruSvityasya sAparAdheSviti lakSaraNyA padArtha lakSyasyApi vyaJjakatvaM bodhyam / ' (pa0160) isa kathana se niraparAdha maiM aura sAparAdha kaurava ke artha ko lakSaNA ke dvArA prakaTa karane ke kAraNa donoM padoM ko prarthAntara meM saMkramita batAte hue padArtha meM lakSyArtha-vyaJjakatA kA bhI udAharaNa hone kI sambhAvanA kI hai| isI prakAra vAkyavaiziSTya' meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa taiyA' ityAdi gAthA aura 'vAcyavaiziSTya' meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa uddezo'ya' ityAdi padya ko vyAkhyAoM meM zrIupAdhyAyajI ne viSaya ko spaSTa karane kA pUrA prayatna kiyA hai| 'gollei prapollamaraNA' ityAdi 'anyasannidhi ke vaiziSTya' meM diye gaye vyaJjanA ke udAharaNa para saMkSipta kintu mArmika udbhAvanA kI gaI hai (draSTavya-pR0 163) / dezavaiziSTya evaM kAlavaiziSTya meM diye gaye vyaJjanA ke udAharaNoM para bar3I hI uttama paddhati se viSaya ke antaraGga tatvoM ko prasphuTita karate hue vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke pANDitya kI bhalaka prastuta kI gaI hai| (pR0 164-65) / prAdi pada se grAhya ceSTA ke vyaJjakatva kA udAharaNa 'dvAropAntanirantare' ityAdi padya bhI TIkAkAra kI pAlocanA kA viSaya banA hai| isakI vyAkhyA meM 'iti kazcitU' aura 'ityanye' kathana ke dvArA anya TIkAkAroM kA abhiprAya upasthApita karake 'vayaM tu-prollAspetyanena tvadAgamanena mamollAso jAtaH' yahA~ se prArambha kara 'tena ca maraNazapathastava yadi na samAgamyate bhavateti vyajyate- iti pazyAmaH' isa vyAkhyAMza (pR. 168) dvArA svayaM kA abhimata pradarzita kiyA hai| isI prakAra prArthI vyaJjanA meM zabda kI sahakAritA ke pratipAdana ko lakSya meM rakhakara bhI upAdhyAyajI ne madhamatIkAra evaM paramAnanda prAdi TIkAkAroM kA mata upasthita kiyA hai / tathA anta meM "ghayatanan yadyatra zabdasya na vyajakatvaM tadA" (pR.173) ityAdi se prArambha kara "iti vyAcakSmahe" (pR.174) taka apanA mantavya prastuta kiyA hai| TIkAkAra kA dAyitva-nirvAha uparyukta paryAlocana se eka bAta bhalI bhA~ti spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki upAdhyAyajI meM ve sabhI guNa vidyamAna jo ki eka acche TIkAkAra meM apekSita hote haiN| "viSaya kA jJAna, samajhAne kI kSamatA, bhASA para pUrNAdhikAra, gaveSaNAtmaka dRSTi, naI sUjha-bUjha,, satya ke prati pakSapAta, granthakAra ke prati prAsthA, mAlocanA meM spaSTavAditA aura kartavya ke prati jAgarUkatA" jaise sabhI guNoM kA sannineza upAdhyAyajI kI isa TIkA meM sahaja parilakSita ho jAtA hai aura uparyakta vizada-vivecana ina guNoM ke sAkSitva ke lie sadA upasthita-sA pratIta hotA hai| inhIM ke AdhAra para zrImada upAdhyAya jI mahArAja ne apane dAyitva kA samucita nirvAha bhI kiyA hai jise hama saMkSepa meM ukta rUpa meM parijJAta kara sakate haiN| TIkA ko vizeSatAeM aura prastuta TokA TIkA-nirmANa kA bhI eka svatantra zAstra hai| pratyeka vidvAn isa kArya meM saphala bhI nahIM hotaa| granthAvagama mAtra ke liye likhI jAnevAlI 'Tokyate gamyate granthArtho'nayA' kI pUraka TIkAeM to sarvasAdhAraNa rUpa se likhI jAtI hI haiN| kintu 'TIkA gurUNAM guruH' kI ukti ko caritArtha karanevAlI TIkAmoM kA mahattva adhika hai| unakI

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TIkAoM kI samAja ke liye upayogitA hI kyA ho sakatI hai ? jo ki - duryodhaM yavatI tad vijahati spaSTArthamityuktibhi:, spaSTArtheSvativistRti vivadhati vyarthaH samAsAdikaiH / prasthAne'nupayogibhizca bahubhirjalpe premaM tanvate, zrotRRNAmiti vastuviplavakRtaH prAyeNa TIkAkRtaH // ' durbodhya aMza ko spaSTArtha kahakara chor3a dete haiM, spaSTArtha vAle aMzoM ko vyartha ke samAsAdi dekara phailA dete tathA prasthAna para hI anAvazyaka kathana dvArA bhrama utpanna kara dete haiM / adhikAMza TIkAoM meM (cAhe unakA nAma koI bhI - bhASyAdi diyA gayA ho ) nimnalikhita pA~ca bAteM vazya hotI haiM jo ki vyAkhyAna ke lakSaNa ke rUpa meM svIkRta haiM -135 padacchedaH pArthoktiivagraho vAkyayojanA / prAopasya samAdhAnaM vyAkhyAnaM paJcalakSaraNam // isI prakAra TIkA - racanA ke pramukha tatvoM ke bAre meM aneka TIkAkAroM ne aise hI aura bhI mahattvapUrNa kathana kiye haiM, jinameM naura - udAharaNavarSaraNImucita bhAvaniSkarSiNI mazeSa rasa poSiNImakhilasUri santoSiNIm / saki bandha: ilAgyo vrajati zithilIbhAvamasakRd, vicAreNAkSipto nanu bhavati TIkA'pi kimu sA / na yA granthagranthiprakaTanapaTuH kintu tavavo, dvayaM yuktaM kartuM prabhavatitarAM kummanRpatiH // 3 udAharaNa prastuti, bhAva- niSkarSaNa, rasapoSaNa, vidvattoSaNa tathA grantha- granthi- zlathana pUrvaka tathya-purassaraNa kA pUrA prayAsa apekSita mAnA gayA hai / TIkA pANDitya aura meghA kI pradabhuta paricAyikA hotI hai / " zabdajJAna, prasaGgAnukUla arthasaMyojanA, patha kI samyagdhAraNA, yuktiyukta pratiSThApanA, gUr3ha-gutthiyoM - zaMkAdhoM kA nirAkaraNa, pracalita pAThabhedoM kA sanniveza, mUla ke sAtha saGgati, viziSTa sthaloM kI tarkayukta vyAkhyA, prApta evaM mAnya granthoM ke uddharaNa dvArA bhartha kI puSTi evaM mArmika zoM kA vizleSaNa" ye TIkAkAra kI sampadAe~ haiM jo ki usake zrama ko sArthaka aura yazasvI banAne meM sahAyaka hotI haiM / kAvyaprakAza kI prastuta TIkA yadyapi kucha aMza para hI prApta hai, tathApi TIkAkAra zrIupAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne isameM uparyukta sampadAnoM kA yathAvasara pUrI pratibhA ke sAtha samAveza kiyA hai| satrahavIM zatI meM jaba yaha TIkA likhI 1. bhojarAjakRta 'pAtaJjalayogasUtra' kI rAjavArtika vyAkhyA, prArambhAMza / 2. sumatIndrayati kRta 'uSAharaNa - kAvya-TIkA' kA prArambhAMza / 3. mahAkavi jayadeva racita 'gIta-govinda' kI TIkA, prArambha bhAga /

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958 jArahI thI usa samaya unake samakSa kAvya-prakAza para lagabhaga 25 se 30 TokAeM bana cukI thiiN| svaya upAdhyAyajI ne chaha TIkAkAroM kA nAmataH ullekha kiyA hai jinakA prAsaGgika paricaya isa prakAra hai prathama aura sabase prAcIna TIkAkAra mahAmahopAdhyAya 'caNDIdAsa' (1270 I0) haiN| inakA smaraNado-bAra hA hai| pahalA prasaMga hai 'yahacchAtmaka upAdhi kA vyaakhyaan'| yahA~ ma0ma0 caNDIdAsa dvArA apanI TIkA meM 'DityAdi zabdAnAmantyabuddhini hAm' ityAdi vRtti kA jo vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai, usake bAre meM pU0 upAdhyAyajI ne do bAteM kahI haiM / 1. 'caNDIdAsajI kA yaha mata yukti yukta nahIM hai aura dUsarI hai, 2. mammaTa ke grantha se viruddha honaa| (dekhiye pR. 36) / isI prakAra dUsarA prasaMga hai lakSaNA kaa| jahA~ 'gorvAhIkaH' isa udAharaNa meM uThAye gaye gauNI lakSaNA ke do bheda hI kyoM mAne gaye ?' isa prazna ke uttara meM caNDIdAsajI kA vicAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai, jinameM lakSaNA tena SaviSA' ina (sUtra 17) kI saMgati biThAI hai aura vahA~ svayaM kucha na kahate hue upAdhyAyajI ne pradIpakAra dvArA kiyA gayA khaNDana hI upasthApita kara diyA hai| (da0 pR067) dUsare TIkAkAra prAyaH isI kAla ke nikaTavartI subuddhimizra kA smaraNa huA hai| zrImizra ko TIkA kA nAma 'tatvaparIkSA' kahA jAtA hai| pU0 upAdhyAya jI ne apanI TIkA meM gyAraha sthaloM para inakA nAma-nirdeza kiyA hai tathA kahIM-kahIM 'mizrAH' kahakara hI sUcanA kiyA hai / vyaGgayArtha ke vyaJjakatva ke udAharaNa prasaMga meM 'pazya nizcala ni:spandA' isa AryA kI vyAkhyA inhoMne kisa prakAra kI hai, yaha dikhAyA hai, (pR0 23) kintu isa para TIkAkAra ne apanI koI TippaNI nahIM dI hai jabaki saMhRtakrama kI vyAkhyA (pR0 36) meM kucha spaSTIkaraNa bhI diyA hai| gauranubandhyaH meM niruddhA lakSaNA mAna sakate haiM athavA nahIM? isa prasaMga meM subuddhimizra ke dvArA kiye gaye phakkikArtha kI carcA hai tathA usake sambandha meM apanA vitarka bhI prastuta kiyA hai| (pR066) isI prakAra bhaTTamata ke sambandha meM inake dvArA kiyA gayA vyAkhyAna (10 66) 'parAmidhAne' isake artha meM, (pR0 85) vahIM vyAkhyAna kI AlocanA meM, 'na ca zamdaH' ko avataraNikA meM (pR0 112), 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' se sambaddha 'nApi gaGgAzabdaH' ityAdi kI vyAkhyA meM, pR0 114), viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnanevAloM ke mata kA khaNDana karane ke avasara para, (pR0 118), 'na kAvye svaro vizeSapratItikRta' ke spaSTIkaraNa meM (pR0137) tathA kAku ke vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA ke udAharaNa--'tamAmUtAM dRSTvA' ityAdi padya ke vyAkhyAna (10155) meM subuddhi mizra kA ullekha huyA hai| eka do sthAnoM para jo kevala 'mizra' kA ullekha hai usake sambandha meM eka prAzaMkA yaha bhI kI jA sakatI hai ki ye 'rucikara mizra' athavA 'rucimizra' rahe hoN| kA tIsare TIkAkAra zrI paramAnanda cakravartI bhaTTAcArya haiN| ye gauDIya nyAya naya-pravINa the aura inakI TIkA ko nAma 'vistArikA' hai / upAdhyAya jI ke priya viSaya ke pratipAdaka hone se unhoMne apanI TIkA meM pAMcavAra inakA smaraNa kiyA hai| jinameM sarvaprathama 'sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAM0 ityAdi veM sUtra kI racanA kAvya lakSaNa meM prayukta 'saguNo' pada ke liye tAla-mela biThAne ke liye huI hai' isa bAta ko puSTa karane ke lie iti paramAnandaprabhRtayaH kahakara smaraNa kiyA gayA hai (pR015) Age 'apabhraMza-zabdAnAM vAcaka-lAkSaNikatva-vyavahArAbhAvena zaktilakSaNayoramAvena vyAnava basirati, paramAtanvaH' (pR0 30-1) aisA ullekha karake inake mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai| isI prakAra 'vRttyanyatara ke dvArA honevAle bodha meM virAmadoSa nahIM laga sakatA' isa bAta kI puSTi meM pR0 126 para evaM 10 144 meM 'tayakto vyAcaka: zabdaH' (sU0 11) kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM inakA smaraNa kiyA hai / prarthasya jyaJjakatve taba (pa0 172) ityAdi (sUtra 24) ke kArikAMza kI vyAkhyA meM kevala artha vyajaka nahIM mAnane kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI inake aura inake pranayAyI anya prAcAryoM ke mata kI prasthApanA ke rUpa meM hamAhA .

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isa prakAra kiye gaye smaraNoM meM bhI eka sthAna para khaNDana ke samaya kevala 'paramAnandaH', maNDana ke samaya 'paramAnanda cakravatinaH' aura anyatra tIna sthaloM para 'paramAnandaprabhRtayaH' likhakara maucitya kA nirvAha kiyA hai| cauthe TIkAkAra yazodhara upAdhyAya haiN| inakA smaraNa kramazaH 'evamAdo ca kAryakAraNabhAvAdiH' ityAdi vRtti (pR. 86) ke prasaMga meM inake dvArA diye gaye abhimata ke ullekha tathA vahIM Age (pR0 62) meM vyaJjanA mAnane ke liye upasthApita mata meM darzanIya hai| pAMcaveM TIkAkAra 'pradIpakRt' ke rUpa meM ullikhita haiN| pradIpakRt se yahA~ tAtparya hai 'kAvya-pradIpa' TIkAkAra ma0ma0govinda Thakkura / ye TIkAkAra acche naiyAyika the ata: inake prati pU0 upAdhyAyajI kA jhukAva bhI adhika rahA hai / prastuta TIkA meM inakA nau bAra smaraNa huA hai| sarvaprathama 'tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit' ke artha-prasaMga meM inakA abhimata diyA hai / (pR. 12) isake atirikta kramaza: 'sAkSAdityabhidhAnakriyAnvitaM' ityAdi se 'sAkSAt saGaketitaM (sU0 6) kI vRtti ke prasaMga meM (pR0 28), 'gaGgAsambandhamAtra.' ityAdi vRtti ke sambandha meM (pR0 77), 'lakSaraNA tena SaDvidhA' ke vyAkhyAna meM (pR. 67), 'na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiH' (sU0 26) ke tAtparya prakAzana meM, 'mabhidhAmUlA' vyaJjanA ke prasaMga meM 'sannidhi' kA lakSaNa prastuta karate hue (pR0 133), 'na kAvye' isa pratIka ke Age 'bAhulyena' pada kA zeSa mAnane ke bAre meM (pR. 136), 'parthAH proktAH purA teSAm' (sU0 35) kI vyAkhyA meM aura 'kAku vyaGgya se vAcya kI siddhi' ke avasara para inakI TIkA ke aMza dekara kahIM svakIya vicAroM kI puSTi aura kahIM anya prAcAryoM dvArA kI gaI mAlocanA ke upasthAna meM 'pradIpakRtaH' pada se uddhRta kiyA hai| ___ chaThe TIkAkAra 'madhumatIkAra' zrI raviTakkura satrahavIM zatI ke prArambhika caraNa meM hue haiN| inakA zrI upAdhyAyajI ne pAMca sthaloM para ullekha kiyA hai| sarvaprathama 'na vA rUDhiriyam' kI vyAkhyA kA upasthApana karake inakA abhimata diyA hai (pR067)| upacAra kI vyAkhyA meM madhumatIkAra ne mammaTa kI kArikA kA jisa prakAra kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai use prastuta kara usakI samIcInatA para inhoMne apanA mata diyA hai (pR079-80)| jJAnasya viSayo jhanthaH (sU0 26) kI kArikA-'pratyakSAdena lAdiviSayaH' meM prayukta pratyakSa zabda kA artha madhumatIkAra kI sammati meM 'indriya bodhaka' hai' yaha vyakta karane meM (pR0 119) kAvyavaiziSTya meM, vyaJjanA ke udAharaNa 'tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA' ke prasaMga meM tathA tRtIya ullAsa ke anta meM prArthIvyaMjanA meM zabda kI sahakAritA kA pratipAdana karate hue bhI inakA smaraNa hayA hai| (pR0 155 tathA 172) / ___ ina chaha TIkAkAroM ke pratirikta dUsare ullAsa ke anta meM 'nasiMhamanISAyAH' itanA likhA huA hai kintu pANDulipi meM isake Age kA aMza khaNDita hai, ataH yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ma0ma0 narasiMha Takkura ke prati inake kyA vicAra the? anya AcArya evaM kRtiyoM ke ullekha tulanA, vaicArika puSTi evaM svamata pratipAdana ke liye pratyeka TIkAkAra apane se pUrvavartI prAcAryoM evaM unake granthoM ko apanI TIkA meM uddhRta karatA hai| isI ke anusAra upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne bhI ina do ullAsoM kI TIkA meM nimnalikhita prAcArya evaM granthAdi ke mata, vyAkhyAMza athavA unake abhimatoM para svayaM ke vicAra diye haiM

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125 prAcArya nAma evaM grantha uddharaNa sthAna 1. maNikAra - ( cintAmaNikAra zrI gaGgega upAdhyAya) pR0 57 tathA 62 2. pArthasArathi mizra - ( mImAMsAdarzana ke pratipAdaka evaM granthakAra) pR0 65 3. mahAbhASyakAra - ( vyAkaraNa mahAbhASyakAra pataMjali ) pR0 44, 46 4. maNDanamizra - (kumArila bhaTTAnuyAyI, mImAMsaka tathA granthakAra) pR0 46, 65 5. maTTama - ( mImAMsaka kumArila bhaTTa) pR0 50, 53, 69, 71, 118 tathA 129 6. mImAMsakamata - pR0 34, 45 65 tathA 66 7. gurumaya- ( mImAMsaka prabhAkara mizra) pR0 10, 46 tathA 70 8. myAthamata, nyAyAdinaya tathA 9. naiyAyikamata - pR0 10, 21, 34, 36, 52, 50, 118, 142 / 10. navya - pR0 87 tathA 12 11. vAkyapadIya - (bhartRhari viracita) pR0 36, 12. bAlaGkArika - pR0 31, 13. java: - ( prabhAkara mizra kI 'bRhatI' para 'RjuvimalA' TIkA) pR0 18 14. vaizeSikamata - (vaizeSika darzana sammata karaNAva mata) pR0 42 15. vainAzikAdimata bhaura vaibhASika mata - - (zUnyavAdI bauddhoM kA mata ) pU. 46 inake atirikta kucha sthAnoM para anya prAcArya 'isi nibandhAraH pR. 138, prAJcaH ' tathA prAcInamate' pR0 - 31, 53, 118, 140 tathA 158, 'vRtikRtA' pR0 21 evaM ' granthakAra' pR0 26, 58 tathA 63 meM saMsmRta haiM / kahIMkahIM 'sarveSAma' pR0 13, 'kecit' pR0 28, 71,115, 135 tathA 154, anye tu' pU. 113, 152 aura 167, itare' pU0 156, 'kazcit pR0 67, 167 'bahava:' 65 mora 'vavacit' pR0 160 170 padoM ke dvArA bhI pranyAnya vidvAnoM ke abhimata upasthApita hue haiM jo ki TIkA ke mahattva kI abhivRddhi meM pUrNarUpeNa sahayogI bane haiM / pU0 upAdhyAyajI dvArA diye gaye apane abhimata kisI viSaya vizeSa kA khaNDana, maNDana zrathavA zrAlocana kara denA hI TIkAkAra ke liye paryApta nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki doSadarzana meM paTu vyakti to bahuta-se mila jAte haiN| kisI kI sthApanA athavA pratipAdanA meM 'nanu na ca' karanA zrathavA use doSapUrNaM batA denA bhI sahaja hai kintu una una doSoM ke sambandha meM svayaM kA tarkazuddha mata prastuta karanA vastutaH eka anirvacanIya sAhasa pUrNa kArya hotA hai / prastuta TIkAkAra zrI upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne nirbhIkatApUrvaka prAyaH sabhI sthAnoM para svayaM kA mata vicAra diyA hai, jo ki 'vastunastu' pR0 16, 21, 36 'vayaM tu' pR0 16, 22, 43, 47, 54, 55 66, 5, 8, 101, 103, 104, 112, 111, 125, 129, 130, 144, 148, 157 tathA 173, 'pratra bUma:' pR0 72, 61, 123, 132 evaM 141 'yuktamutpazyAma:' pR05, 27, 79 ghora 'mama pratibhAti, pR0 100, 137, 'madIyavyAkhyAnapakSe' 126, 'bhAvamAkalayAmaH pR0 150, 'vyAcakSmahe' 131 tathA 'samIcInatvaM, madutprekSitaH panyAH, urdu, prasmanmanISonmiSati' ityAdi kathana-prasaGgoM se jJAta hotA hai / isa prakAra apane sarvaviSa dAyitva kA nirvAha karate hue zrI upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne marthaprakAzana kI pramukha

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PRE praNAliyoM meM 1 parokSa, 2 pratyakSa 3 udAharaNa evaM svatantra praNAliyoM kA pUrA upayoga kiyA hai tathA apane jJAna kI 1 surabhi kA mAnanda prApta karAne ke lie sudhI pAThakoM ke samakSa eka uttama TIkA prastuta kI hai| isa prakAra 'kAvya-prakAza' vastutaH eka 'cintAmaNi' hai, jisakA cintana cintanakartA ke lie vividhaviSayacintana ke mArgoM ko udghATita karatA rahA hai| "jAkI rahI bhAvanA jaisI prabhu mUrata dekhI tina teso" isa ukti ke dhanusAra sAhitya, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, dharmazAstra, purANa evaM darzanoM kI dRSTivAle pratyeka vicAraka ne 'kAvya-prakAza' meM apane-apane vicAroM kA vaizadya prApta kiyA hai| kAvya - prakAza kI viSaya-vastu aura bhASA-saMyojanA aisI sarvamukhI bana gaI hai ki gItA ke "ye yathA mAM prapadyante tAMstathaiva bhajAmyaham " kI bhA~ti sabake manorathoM kI pUrti kA yaha srota banA huA hai| tathA bhArata ke prAyaH sabhI pradezoM ke AcAryoM ne isakI TIkAtmaka arcanA kI hai / * vigata kucha zatAbdiyoM meM hue isake sarvatobhadra pracAra-prasAra ke kAraNa isakI 1- bAcanA' (sAmUhika pAThavicAra) ko sambhAvanAeM bana rahI haiM jisase nitAnta zuddha pAThAtmaka svarUpa prastuta ho ske| 2. pAThAntaroM kI paryanubIkSA ke prAyAma prativistRta hogaye haiM kyoMki bhArata ke pratyeka pradeza meM saGkalita hastapratiyoM evaM TIkAoM meM bahuta se zabda, vAkya evaM vicArAMzoM meM vibhinnatA bhAI hai| tathA 3. 'tAtparya nirNaya' kI zrAvazyakatA bhI vidvatsamAja ke samakSa upasthita hI hai kyoMki jisane jaisA samajhA vaisA vyakta kiye jA rahA hai| pariNAmataH sarvasAdhAraNa pAThaka sandeha- zilA para khar3A kAndizIka bana jAtA hai| aisI hI anya bahuta-sI bAtoM kA bhI inameM samAveza ho sakatA hai / arerskAza ke aise virATa svarUpa kI abhivyakti ke lie koI virAT yojanA banegI to avazya hI vaha saMskRtasAhitya ke cintakoM ke lie prasannatA kA viSaya hogA / prastuta do ullAsoM kI TIkA ke mAdhyama se kiyA gayA yaha kArya jahA~ taka sambhava huA apane aMza meM paripUrNa banAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai jise manISI pAThaka nizcaya hI upAdeya maaneNge| aise uttamasalana, sampAdana evaM prakAzana ke liye ghaMTe zrI yazoyako mahArAja samasta saMskRtAnu rAgiyoM ke lie samAdaraNIya hai| aise mahanIya sAhitya ke jIvana aura vRtilA se bhI hamArA pAThaka samAja paricita ho tathA unase sahayoga evaM preraNA prApta kare" isa dRSTi se unakA saMkSipta jIvana caritra evaM kRti-paricaya denA bhI maiM apanA kartavya samajhatA hU~ / ataH vaha yahA~ svatantratA rUpa se kAMge prastuta kiyA gayA hai| apanI bAta merI sAhityika kRtiyoM ko urvarita banAne meM sarvAdhika preraka paM0 zrI dhIrajalAla TokarI zAha kI preraNA se mujhe aise anupama vidvAn, kavi, lekhaka, priyavaktA, avadhAnakAra aneka granthoM ke saMzodhaka aura mantra- yogAdi zAstroM ke jJAtA evaM saphala sAdhaka munivarya zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja ke sAMnnidhya evaM samparka kA suyoga prApta humA zrora unake dvArA susampAdita prastuta pUjya upAdhyAya jI viracita 'kAvyaprakAza' ke do ullAsoM kI TIkA tathA isake hindI dhanuvAda ke sampAdana aura upodghAta lekhana kA jo kArya prApta huA, ise maiM apanA saubhAgya ho mAnatA huuN| prApake nirdezoM se maiM bahuta hI lAbhAnvita huA hai tathA prApakI sUkSma dRSTi evaM prakAzana paTutA se mere jJAna meM vRddhi huI hai| munijI ke vividha sAmayika parAmazoM ke prAdhAra para yaha kArya sampanna huA hai| yadyapi isa kArya meM bahutasI truTiyA~ bhI rahI haiM kintu ve merI asAvadhAnI athavA ajJAnatA se hI huI haiN| ataH pAThakagaraNa truTiyoM kA parimArjana karate hue hameM bhI sUcita kareM jisase agrima saMskaraNa meM unakA zodhana kiyA jA sake / f

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isa TIkA ke anuvAdaka DaoN. harSanAtha jI mizra ne bhI mere isa kArya meM yathAvasara sahayoga diyA hai| ataH maiM unake prati apanA kA mAbhAra vyakta karatA huuN| .. eka bAra punaH zraddheya munirAja zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja evaM "yazobhAratI jaina prakAzana samiti" ke adhikAriyoM ke saujanya tathA sauhArda kI sarAhanA karate hue maiM apanI kRtajJatA vyakta karatA hU~ aura isa grantha ke sarvatra susamAdara kI kAmanA karatA hai| pralaM pallavitena / bhA0 zu0 RSipaJcamI 2033 vi0 vaI dillI 21 vidvadvazaMvadaDaoN. rudradeva tripAThI

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kAvya-prakAza kI prastuta TokA ke pradhAna sampAdaka muni zrIyazovijayajI mahArAja (saMkSipta jIvana-darzana) janma evaM parivAra gujarAta kI prAcIna darbhAvatI nagarI prAja moI' (jilA bar3odA) nAma se prasiddha hai| isa aitihAsika nagarI meM vi0 saM0 1972 kI pauSa zuklA dvitIyA ke dina bIsA zrImAlI jAti ke dharma-parAyaNa suzrAvaka 'zrI nAthAlAla vIracanda zAha' ke yahA~ puNyavatI 'rAdhikA bahana' kI kukSi se ApakA janma humaa| ApakA nAma 'jIvanalAla' rakhA gyaa| pApake tIna bar3e bhAI aura do bar3I bahineM thiiN| prApake janma se pUrva hI pitA paralokavAsI ho gae the| pA~ca varSa kI Ayu meM mAtA kA bhI svargavAsa ho gyaa| isa prakAra bAlyAvasthA meM mAtA-pitA kI chatrachAyA uTha gaI thI, kintu jyeSTha bandhu nagInabhAI ne bar3I hI mamatA se mApakA lAlana-pAlana kiyA, ataH mAtA-pitA ke prabhAva kA Apako anubhava nahIM huaa| vidyAbhyAsa tathA pratibhA-vikAsa prApa pAMca varSa kI Ayu meM vidyAlaya meM praviSTa hue aura dhArmika pAThazAlA meM bhI jAne lge| nau-dasa varSa kI prAya meM saMgIta-kalA ke prati mukhyarUpeNa AkarSaNa hone ke kAraNa sarakArI zAlA aura jainasaMgha kI ora se cala rahI saMgIta-zAlA meM praviSTa hue tathA prAyaH 6-7 varSa taka saGgIta kI anavarata zikSA prApta karake saMgItavidyA meM pravINa bne| ApakI grahaNa aura dhAraNa-zakti uttama hone se donoM prakAra ke abhyAsa meM mApane pragati ko| suprasiddha bhArataratna phaiyAjakhAna ke bhAnaje zrI gulAma rasUla prApake saMgIta-guru the| pApakA kaNTha bahuta hI madhura thA bhora gAne kI paddhati bhI bahuta acchI thI, ataH Apane saMgItaguru kA apUrva prema sampAdita kiyA thaa| jainadharma meM pUjAmoM ko viziSTa sthAna prApta hai| ina pUjAmoM meM 'sittara bhedI pUjA' usake vibhinna 35 rAgarAginiyoM ke jJAna ke sAtha prApane kaNThastha kara lI tathA prasiddha-prasiddha samasta pUjAoM kI gIta-paddhati bhI sundara rAgarAginI tathA dezI-paddhatiyoM meM sIkha lI aura sAtha hI sAtha gAne kI uttama prakriyA bhI sampAdita kii| vizeSata: natyakalA ke prati bhI ApakA utanA hI mAkarSaNa thA, ataH usakA jJAna bhI prApta kiyA aura samaya-samaya para vizAla pUjA samArohoM meM usake darzana bhI kraae| isa prakAra vyAvahArika tathA dhAmika zikSaNa aura saMgIra evaM natya kalA ke uttama saMyoga se prApake jIvana kA nirmANa uttama rUpa se harA aura Apa ujjvala bhaviSya kI jhAMkI prastuta karane lge| parantu isI bIca jJAnI sadaguru kA yoga prApta ho jAne se Apake antara meM saMyama-caritra kI bhAvanA jagI aura Apake jIvana kA pravAha badala gayA, isameM bhI prakRti kA koI gUDha saMketa to hogA hI ? bhAgavatI dIkSA aura zAstrAbhyAsa vi0 saM0 1957 kI akSaya tRtIyA ke maGgala dina kadambagiri kI pavitra chAyA meM paramapUjya prAcArya zrI

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132 vijayamohana sUrIzvara jI ke praziSya zrI dharmavijayajI mahArAja (vartamAna prAcArya zrI vijaya dharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAja) ne Apako bhAgavatI dIkSA dekara muni zrI yazovijayajI ke nAma se apane ziSya ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyA / isa prakAra kevala 16 varSa kI avasthA meM prApane saMsAra ke sabhI pralobhanoM kA parityAga karake sAdhuavasthA. zramaNajIvana ko svIkAra kiyaa| tadanantara pUjya zrI gurudeva kI chAyA meM rahakara Apa zAstrAbhyAsa karane lage, jisameM prakaraNagrantha, karmagrantha, kAvya, koSa, vyAkaraNa tathA prAgamAdi granthoM kA uttama paddhati se adhyayana kiyA aura apanI virala pratibhA ke kAraNa thor3e samaya meM hI jainadharma ke eka uccakoTi ke vidvAn ke rUpa meM sthAna prApta kiyaa| . bahumukhI vyaktitva evaM apUrva pratibhA ApakI sarjana-zakti sAhitya ko pradIpta karane lagI aura kucha varSoM meM to Apane isa kSetra meM cirasmaraNIya raheM aise maMgala-cihna aGkita kara die jisakA saMkSipta paricaya isa grantha ke anta meM diyA gayA hai| (vya pa0 111 se 182) Apa jaina sAhitya ke atirikta zilpa, jyotiSa, sthApatya, itihAsa, mantrazAstra tathA yoga-adhyAtma ke bhI acche jJAtA haiM, ata: ApakI vidvattA sarvatomukhI hai aura aneka jaina-janetara vidvAn, janasamAja ke agraNI, kalAkAra, sAmAjika kAryakartA tathA prathama zreNI ke rAjakIya adhikArI evaM netRvarga ko AkRSTa kiyA hai| pApa acche lekhaka, priya vaktA evaM uttama avadhAnakAra bhI haiN| pAlItAnA ke ThAkura zrIbahAdurasiMhajI, bar3odA kI mahArAnI zrI zAntidevI, goMDala ke yuvarAja, bilakhAnareza, thAnAdevalI-jetapUra ke darabAra Adi ke sAtha prApake vArtAlApa kA prasaMga pAyA hai| gujarAta ke bhUtapUrva pradhAna rasika bhAI parIkha, ratubhAI pradANI, kAntilAla ghIyA, vijayakumAra trivedI tathA mahArASTra ke pradhAna zrI vAnakheDe, zrI madhukara desAI, zrI zaGkararAva cahvANa prAdi tathA prasiddha dezanetA zrImurArajI desAI, zrIyazavantarAva cahvANa, zrI esa. ke. pATila, zrI gulajArIlAla nandA, suzIlA nAyara, madAlasA bahana, pUrNimA bahana pakavAsA prAdi pUjya mahArAja jI se mile haiM tathA mApake darzana-samAgama se prAnanda kA anubhava kiyA hai| gujarAta ke ravizaGkara mahArAja tathA kalakattA ke zrIvijaya siMha nAhara bhI kaI bAra Apake samparka meM Aye haiM aura aneka praznoM ke bAre meM prApase carcA-vicAraNAeM kI haiN| rAjyapAla zrIprakAza jI ne bhI Apake AzIrvAda prApta kiye haiN| matipUjaka sampradAya ke katipaya prAcArya tathA munirAjoM kA to Apake prati uttama koTi kA AdarabhAva banA hamA hI hai sAtha hI anya sampradAya ke prAcArya tathA sAdhugaNa bhI Apase samparka rakhane meM prAnanda kA anubhava karate haiN| terApantha sampradAya ke prAcArya zrItulasIjI, munizrI nathamalajI, nagarAjajI, jazakaraNajI, rAkezamuni, rUpacanda jI Adi ke hRdaya meM Apane unnata sthAna prApta kiyA hai| sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke zrI prAnanda RSi jI, zrI puSkara munijI evaM zrI devendra muni zAstrI ke sAtha bhI ApakA samparka banA humA hai aura paraspara sneha tathA satsaMga kA Ananda prApta hotA rahA hai| zrI akhaNDAnanda sarasvatI jaise suprasiddha saMnyAsIjI aura vaiSNavasamAja ke prasiddha gosvAmI zrI dIkSitajI mahArAja, prakhyAta vidvAn kAkA kAlelakara Adi bhI Apake samAgama se pAnandita hue haiN| isI prakAra jaina samAja ke vividha sampradAyoM meM pramukha kAryakartA seTha zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, sAha zAnti

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prasAda, sAha zreyAMsa prasAda, zrI cImanalAla cakubhAI, zrIdurlabhajI bhAI khetANI Adi bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 25soveM nirvANa mahotsava ko lakSya meM rakhakara aneka bAra milate rahe haiM tathA aneka Avazyaka praznoM para kAryakartA prAdi bhI prApakI sahRdayatA tathA vizAla anubhava kA lAbha lene ke lie bAra-bAra milate rahe haiN| suprasiddha lekhaka, kavi aura prAdhyApaka bhI Apake sAtha vicAra-vinimaya karane ke icchuka rahate haiN| pUjya mahArAjazrI saMgIta ke jJAtA haiM, itanA hI nahIM, apitu saMgItakAroM kA sammAna karanA bhI jAnate haiM, isIliye suprasiddha saMgItakAra mahendra kapUra, mukeza, kalyANajI prAnandajI, puruSottama upAdhyAya, devendra vijaya paNDita, zAntilAla zAha, mAsTara vasanta, avinAza vyAsa, pinAkina zAha, vANI jayarAma, kaumudI munzI, haMsA dave, kamaleza kumArI, manubhAI tathA anya aneka prasiddha-praprasiddha kalAkAroM ne ApakA paricaya prApta kiyA hai aura santa-samAgama kA prAnandAnubhava kiyA hai / 'jaina saMskRti kalA kendra' kI ora se utArI gaI rikADauM ke prasaMga se bhI yaha paricaya humA hai| prasiddha abhinetA zrI pradIpajI, abhinetrI zrInaragisa Adi bhI Apake darzana prApta karake vAsakSepa mAzIrvAda le cuke haiM / kyA zrImAn aura kyA dhImAn sabhI munirAja jI kI apUrva pratibhA se prabhAvita haiM / udAtta kAryakalApa jIvana ke vividha kSetroM meM vikAsa-prApta vyaktiyoM ke isa vistRta paricaya ke kAraNa prApakI jJAnadhArA adhika vizada banI hai, Apake vicAroM meM paryApta udAttatA pAI hai tathA pApa dharma ke sAtha hI samAja aura rASTra-kalyANa kI haSTi ko bhI sammukha rakhate rahe haiN| dhArmika anuSThAnAdi meM bhI Apa kI pratibhA jhalakatI rahI hai tathA usake phalasvarUpa upadhAna-udyApana, utsavamahotsava Adi meM janatA kI abhiruci bar3he aise aneka. navIna abhigama prApane die haiN| jaina-janetara hajAroM strI-puruSa prApase preraNA prApta karake prAdhyAtmika utkarSa prApta kara pAe haiN| aSTagrahayuti ke samaya 'vizvazAnti jaina ArAdhanA satra' kI yojanA Apake mana meM sphurita huI aura pUjya gurudevoM kI sammati milane para bambaI mahAnagarI meM usakA dasa dina taka abhUtapUrva prAyojana hmaa| usa samaya nikAle gae.calasamAroha meM prAyaH eka lAkha manuSyoM ne bhAga liyA thaa| dezabhakti aura rASTrarakSA meM sahayoga isake pazcAt rASTra ke lie suvarNa kI AvazyakatA hone para ApakI hI preraNA se 'rASTrIya jaina sahakAra samiti' kI racanA kI gaI aura usa samaya ke gRhamantrI zrIgulajArI nandA ko bulAkara usake mAdhyama se 17 lAkha kA suvarNa golDabaoNNDa ke rUpa meM prapita kiyA gyaa| - jaina samAja kA eka jaina sAdhu dezabhakti aura rASTrarakSA ke kArya meM sahayoga pradAna kare yaha janasaMgha ke rAjanItika itihAsa meM svarNAkSaroM meM likhane yogya ghaTanA hai| isa sambandha meM tatkAlIna bhArata ke pradhAnamantrI zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrIjI ne samiti ko patra likhakara munirAja jI ko vandanA ke sAtha abhinandana preSita kiyA thA aura hArdika dhanyavAda diyA thA tathA jaina samAja ke lie unnata abhiprAya vyakta kiye the| yahA~ itanA aura batalA denA Avazyaka hai ki rASTra ke lie kiye gae isa puruSArtha kA sammAna karane ke liye mApa ko bhArata sarakAra kI ora se rASTrIya padavI athavA jo yogya mAnI jAe vaisI padavI dene ke lie carcA prArambha huI

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thI, kintu ye samAcAra lekara jo vyakti prAye the unheM munijI ne spaSTa batalA diyA thA ki "maiM sadA dhArmika padaviyoM se bhI dUra rahA hU~, ataH anya padavI ke sambandha meM mere vicAra hI kaise ho sakate haiM | maiMne to jo mujhe ucita pratIta huA vaisA hI apane kartavya kA pAlana kiyA hai| usakA isa rUpa meM pratiphala lene kI merI tanika bhI icchA nahIM haiN|" itanA hone para bhI bhaktajana usake liye prAgraha karane lage the, kintu munizrI ke dvArA spaSTa zabdoM meM niSedha karane para vaha bAtacIta zAnta ho gii| mApakI dezabhakti aura rASTrarakSAtmaka pravRtti se mAja bhI sArA samAja preraNA prApta kara rahA hai aura apanI rASTrIya dRSTi ko mukharita banA rahA hai / ananya sAhityasraSTA tathA kalApremI munijI kI viziSTa pratibhA se sAhitya aura kalA ke kSetra meM kaI upayogI saMsthAnoM kI sthApanA huI hai| aneka prakAra ke samAroha tathA bhavya pradarzanoM kI yojanAeM hotI rahI haiM tathA saMskRti aura kalA ke kSetra meM pU0 muni jI viziSTa yogadAna karate rahe haiN| Apake mArgadarzana meM hI 'yazomAratI jaina prakAzana samiti' tathA 'jaina saMskRti kalAkendra' jasI saMsthAe~ uttama sevAkArya kara rahI haiM aura isake antargata citrakalA nidarzana' nAmaka saMsthA bhI pragati ke patha para padArpaNa kara agrasara huI hai| gata varSa munirAja dvArA likhita saMkalita aura sampAdita 'tIrthakara bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra' nAmaka (gujarAtI hindI aura aMgrajI citra-paricaya ke sAtha citramaya jIvana ko prastuta karane vAle) grantha ke prakAzana kA sammAna bhI isa saMsthA ko prApta humA hai| vigata eka dazaka se aura mukhya rUpa se gata pAMca varSoM se munirAja zrI ne vizvavandha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zAstrIya jIvanakathA ko 35 sundara citroM meM aMkita karane ke liye bhagIratha puruSArtha kiyA hai| ina citroM kA nirmANa karane ke lie Apane citrakAra zrI gokuladAsa kApar3iyA ko bAra-bAra parAmarza diyA hai, inheM bhAvanAmaya tathA sundara banAne ke lie aneka prakAra kI preraNAe~ dI haiM aura unakA eka kalAkAra ke rUpa meM sammAna rakhakara unase kArya liyA hai|yh grantha cira-smaraNIya bane isake liye pratyeka citra kA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai ki jisameM bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra kI sampUrNa jIvana-kathA zRMkhalAbaddha rUpa se A jAe aura usase vAcaka ke mana para bhagavAna kA kramika rekhAcitra aMkita ho jAe / zAstroM kA prAdhAra lekara saMkSipta zabdoM meM yaha paricaya taiyAra karane kA kAma bahuta kaThina thA, tathApi prApakI kuzAgrabuddhi aura vidvAnoM ke sAtha parAmarza se yaha kArya saphalatA se pUrNa huaa| vizeSa yaha ki isa grantha kA sabhI vAcana kara jJAna prApta kara sakeM isa dRSTi se paricayAvalI kA hindI aura aMgrejI meM anuvAda bhI diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra citroM kA paricaya tInoM bhASAoM meM dete samaya usake prArambha meM vividha viSaya ke kalApUrNa paura samAja ke lie pratyupayogI eka-eka zobhana citra bhI diye gaye haiM, jo jaina saMskRti, saMgIta, yoga, bhAratIya jyotiSa, lipi tathA zilpa-sthApatya kA udbodhana karate haiN| tathA isa paricaya ke nIce eka-eka kalAmaya paTTI dene kI prApakI magrima sUjha ke kAraNa grantha ke saundarya meM bar3I abhivRddhi huI hai| isa grantha kA atyanta bhavya prakAzana samAroha di.16-6-74 ko 'biralA mAtuzrI sabhAgAra' bambaI meM humA thA, jisameM sAdhu-sAdhvI tathA agragaNya nAgarikoM kI upasthiti smaraNIya thii| isa avasara para mahArASTra rAjya ke zikSAmantrI 1. isameM gujarAtI kA hindI anuvAda ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ne kiyA hai /

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135 zrI mananta jozI ne isa grantha kA vidhivat prakAzana kiyA thA aura cAroM sampradAya ke pramukha jana kAryakartAmoM ne ekasAtha milakara yaha grantha Apake guruvarya paramapUjya AcArya zrovijaya dharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ko arpita kiyA thaa| dUsare dina grantha kI pratibhavya zobhAyAtrA nikalI jisameM hajAroM strIpuruSoM ne bhAga liyA aura utsAha kA apUrva vAtAvaraNa upasthita huA thaa| grantha ke udghATana prasaMga para rASTrapati, uparASTrapati, pradhAnamantrI tathA anya mantrigaNa tathA bhinna-bhinna prAntoM ke rAjyapAla evaM vidvAn prAdi ke aneka sandeza prApta hue the| yaha grantha mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI vI. vI. giri, pradhAnamantrI zrImatI indirA gAMdhI, zrI jagajIvana rAma, dho karNasiMha mAdi ko pratinidhi-maNDala dvArA samarpita hone para unake dvArA bhI muktakaNTha se prazaMsita huaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana ko sAkSAt prastuta karanevAle aise sundara citroM kA yaha saMgraha sarvaprathama prakAzita hone ke kAraNa.jana-janetara saMsthAnoM ne isakA hArdika satkAra kiyA tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANakalyANaka mahotsava ke prasaMga para aneka sthAnoM meM ina citroM kI pradarzanI Ayojita huii| isI prakAra isa grantha-sampuTa ke AdhAra para kucha sthAnoM para mandiroM kI dIvAroM para citra bhI aGkita hone lage haiN| aura bhI aneka rItiyoM se ina citroM kA vyApaka prayoga humA hai| 61.00 ru. ke mUlya ke isa grantha kI kevala do mAha meM hI 4000 pratiyoM kA vikraya bhAratIya sAhitya prakAzana ke itihAsa meM eka kIrtimAna hI hai| aba isa citrasampuTa kI dvitIya prAvRtti chapa rahI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke atirikta 23 tIrthaMkaroM ke bhaviSya meM prakaTa honevAle sampuTa ke lie navIna citra paryApta dravya dvArA taiyAra karavAye jA rahe haiM / jaina sAdhu kI dinacaryA ke raMgIna citra bhI taiyAra ho rahe haiN| yazobhAratI kI ora se sva0pU0 upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI viracita jainanyAya mAdi se sambaddha aneka granthoM kA mudaNa apane sampAdana ke sAtha Apa karavA rahe haiM / isa prakAra sAhitya aura kalA se sambandhita katipaya kAryoM meM pApa nirantara kAryarata rahate haiN| ApakI sAhitya tathA kalA ke kSetra meM kI gaI sevA ko lakSya meM rakhakara jaina-samAja ne Apako 'sAhityakalA ratna' jaisI sammAnita padavI se vibhUSita kiyA hai| bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke nimitta rASTrIya samiti kI jo racanA kI gaI thI, usameM ApakI viziSTa yogyatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara Apako 'atithi-vizeSa' ke rUpa meM liyA gayA aura samiti ne mApakI sAhitya-pratibhA, kalpanA-dRSTi, zAstrIya jJAna, gambhIra sUjha-bUjha evaM samanvaya bhAvanA kA yathAsamaya lAbha prApta kiyaa| isa samiti ke aneka sadasya pUjya muni zrI se samparka sAdhate rahe aura mApase sUcanA aura salAha lete rahe kucha prAntIya samitiyoM ke pradhAna kAryakartA to svayaM bambaI Akara utsavoM ke liye pUjya munizrI se mArgadarzana prApta karate rhe| ApakI sammati se nirmita 'janadhvaja' tathA 'janapratIka' kA jaina samAja meM sabase adhika samAdara huA hai| isa samiti ke kArya ke sambandha meM kucha sthAnoM se visaMvAdI svara uThe the aura virodha kI pravRtti bhI huI thI, parantu muni jI ne nirbhayatA aura sAhasapUrvaka apanA kartavya pUrNa kiyA thaa| pariNAmataH samAja ke sUtradhAra kAryakartA, lekhaka, patrakAra Adi bahuta prabhAvita hue aura ApakA yaza cAroM bhora carama sImA para pahu~ca gyaa|

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di0 22-7-74 ko pU. munizrI yazovijayajI mahArAja ke zubhahasta se bhagavAn mahAvIrAkI mUrti arpita karane kI dRSTi se Ayojita samAroha ke nimitta bhArata ke ma0ma0 rASTrapati zrI vI0vI0 giri mahodaya bAlakezvara AdinAtha jaina mandira ke darzana karake upAzraya meM padhAre taba upAzraya meM virAjamAna 50 pU0 prAcArya zrI vijayadharmasUrIzvarajI ma. tathA pa0pU0 munirAja zrI yazovijaya jI mahArAja ke darzana karane kA lAbha liyaa| usa samaya pU0 munizrI dvArA bhavya samAroha meM mUrti samarpita hone ke pazcAt prAyaH 10 miniTa taka Apane prAsaMgika sambodhana kiyA thaa| bhApa jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya ke eka zraddheya tathA lokapriya sAdhu haiM tathApi anya sampradAya bhI mApake prati bahuta sammAna kI bhAvanA rakhate haiM aura janetara sampradAya bhI ApakI vRtti-pravRtti kI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA karate haiM / muni zrI yazovijaya jI kA nAma vastuta: prAja yaza maura vijaya kA pratIka bana gayA hai| vigata varSa pUjyazrI kA eksIDeNTa ho jAne se hAtha meM coTa AI tathA usakI cikitsA ke liye vile pArale sthita nANAvaTI haoNspITala meM Apako rahanA pdd'aa| usa samaya bambaI ke cAroM sampradAya tathA samAja ke aneka agraNI evaM mahArASTra rAjya ke mukhyamantrI zrI zaGkararAva cavhANa bhI pApa kI sukhazAtA pUchane ke liye prAye the| isase munijI kI lokapriyatA kA sahaja prAbhAsa ho jAtA hai| inhIM dinoM meM prAnandamayI mAtA se milane kA bhI prasaMga upasthita humA thA aura aise hI anya aneka santoM kA samAgama hotA rahatA hai| jaina zvetAmbara sampradAya dvArA ghATakopara meM sthApita abhUtapUrva 27 phuTa ke mUrti-zilpa kA jo nirmANa huA, usameM munijI kI kalAdRSTi kA prAvazyaka yogadAna huA hai| bAlakezvara meM aise hI abhUtapUrva zilpoM kA nirmANa karavAyA hai, jinameM zrI padmAvatIjI, mahAvIra caubIsI, vighnahara pAdarvanAtha mAdi cirasmaraNIya haiN| lokakalyANa kI kAmanA pUjyazrI sAhitya ke kSetra meM kucha viziSTa yogadAna karane kI bhAvanA to rakhate hI hai, sAtha hI mukhyarUpa se vartamAna pIDhI ke lAbha ke lie tathA janasaMgha ke gaurava kI abhivRddhi ke lie janasaMgha kA sarvAMgINa sahayoga prApta hotA rahA to citrakalA aura zilpakalA ke kSetra meM aneka abhinava sarjana karane tathA kucha na kucha naI dena dene kI bhI bhAvanA rakhate haiM / janasamAja, janasaMskRti aura janasAhitya kA videza meM bhI gaurava bar3he, jainadharma kA pracAra evaM paryApta vistAra ho aura AnevAlI pIr3hI jainadharma meM rasa letI rahe, isake lie prApa satata cintanazIla haiM aura tadanuvUla nae-nae mArga bhI prazasta karate rahate haiN| pU0 munijI ke isa sarvatomukhI vikAsa meM prApake dAdAguru pa0 pU0 prAcAryadeva zrIvijayapratApasUrIzvara jI mahArAja tathA prApake guruvarya pa0 pU0 prAcAryadeva zrIvijayadharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kI kRpAdRSTi ne bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa bhAga liyA hai| Aja bhI ina donoM guruvayoM kI prApa para asIma kRpA hai aura vaha Apako bhaviSya meM kevala bhAratavarSa ke hI nahIM, apita vizva ke eka prAdarza sAhitya-kalApremI sAdhu ke rUpa meM mahanIya sthAna prApta karAegI, aisI pUrNa prAzA hai| DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI

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zrImadyazovijayajImahArAjaviracitaTIkA tadanusAri-hindyanuvAdabhUSitazca kAvya-prakAzaH [dvitIya-tRtIyollAsAtmakaH ]

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nyAyavizArada - nyAyAcArya -mahopAdhyAya - zrImadyazovijayakRta- TIkA- sahitaH kAvyaprakAzaH dvitIya ullAsaH [ kAvyagata - zabdArtha-svarUpanirUpaNAtmakaH ] krameNa zabdArthayoH svarUpamAha mUlasUtram - [5] syAdvAcako lAkSaNikaH zabdo'tra vyaJjaka stridhA / nyAyavizArada - nyAyAcArya - mahopAdhyAya - zrImadyazovijayakRtA TIkA -X atha lakSaNastha padArtheSu vaktavyeSu zabdArthayoH prAdhAnyAt tallakSaNanirUpaNAya tatsvarUpaM nirUpyata ityAha ' krameNe' ti -- lakSaNe prathamaM zabdasyopAdAnAd Adau zabdasya tato'rthasyeti krameNetyarthaH / atha lakSaNAyAH zaktyadhInatayA vyaJjanAyAzca tadubhaya-mUlatvena vAcakAdikrameNo ddizati - nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya mahopAdhyAya zrImad yazovijayajI mahArAja dvArA racita TIkA kA hindI anuvAda avasara- saMgati :- prathama ullAsa meM mammaTa ne "tadadoSau zabdArthau saguNAvanalaGkRtI punaH kvApi " isa 'kAvyalakSaNa meM zabda aura artha donoM kI samaSTi ko kAvya kahA hai| kAvya ke pUrvanirdiSTa lakSaNa ko samajhane ke lie zabda aura artha ke svarUpa kA jJAna Avazyaka hai / isa lie granthakAra ne isa ullAsa meM zabda aura artha ke svarUpa kA paricaya diyA hai| isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara granthakAra ne isa dvitIya ullAsa kA nAma "zabdArtha- svarUpa nirNaya " rakhA hai| unhoMne zabda ke vAcaka, lakSaka aura vyaJjaka tIna bheda mAne haiM aura artha ke bhI vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya tIna bheda svIkAra kiye haiM / ina tIna prakAra ke zabdoM se tIna prakAra ke arthoM kI pratIti ke lie zabdoM kI abhidhA, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA nAma kI tIna prakAra kI vRttiyA~ bhI mAnI haiN| isa ullAsa meM granthakAra tIna prakAra ke zabda, tIna prakAra ke artha aura tIna prakAra kI zabda-vRttiyoM kA nirUpaNa kareMge / TIkA :- yadyapi kAvya ke lakSaNa meM Aye hue (1) 'adoSoM' (2) 'zabdArthoM' (3) 'saguNI' (4) 'analaGkRtI' tathA (5) punaH kvApi' ina pA~coM padArthoM kA varNana kramaza: karanA cAhie thA tathApi una sabhI tathAkathita padArthoM meM pradhAna hone ke kAraNa ( avasara prApta ) zabdArtha ke lakSaNa-nirUpaNa ke lie (pahale) unake svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate haiM / kAvya lakSaNa meM (ullikhita padArthoM meM zabdArtha pradhAna hai; isalie zabdArtha ke svarUpa ke nirUpaNa ke samaya ) zabda kA prathama ullekha hone se pahale zabda kA aura usake bAda artha kA svarUpa batAyA jAyagA / isI abhiprAya se yahA~ 'krameNa' pada diyA gayA hai|

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2 kAvyaprakAzaH atreti kAvye / eSAM svarUpaM vakSyate / (sU. 5) 'syAd vAcaka' iti / sUtrArthaH yadyapi vibhAgAdeva tritvaM siddhaM tathApi gauNIlakSaNA bhinneti nyUnatA vyaJjanAyAM pramANameva nAstItyAdhikyaM ca vibhAgasyeti paravipratipattinirAsAyAha / 'tridhe'ti -- kAvyagata zabda ke tIna bheda 'svAdavAcaka' iti yahA~ (kAvya meM) vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka (bheda se) zabda tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| atra yahA~' isase kAvya meM ( yaha artha liyA gayA hai ) ina (vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka tInoM prakAra ke zabdoM kA svarUpa (Age) batAyA jaaygaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki nyAya, mImAMsA Adi darzanoM meM vAcaka aura lakSaka aise do prakAra ke zabda to prAyaH mAne gaye haiM kintu vyaJjaka nAmaka zabda ke tIsare prakAra kA vistRta nirUpaNa sAhityazAstra meM hI kiyA gayA hai| isa lie kArikA meM 'atra' zabda kA khAsa kara prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yadyapi anya zAstroM meM vyaJjaka zabda nahIM mAnA gayA hai, sambhavataH unakA kAma vyaJjaka zabda mAne binA bhI cala jAtA ho, parantu kAvya meM to vyaJjaka ke prayoga se jIvana AtA hai| kAvya kA jIvana hai camatkAra / vaha to vyaJjaka zabda se hI spandita hotA hai / ataH yahA~ kAvya meM tInoM prakAra ke zabda mAne jAte haiN| ina meM vAcaka zabda se vAcyArtha ( mukhyArtha ) kA bodha hotA hai / isalie sabase pahale usI ko sthAna diyA gayA hai| lAkSaNika zabda vAcaka zabda para Azrita rahatA hai isalie lAkSaNika zabda ko vAcaka zabda ke bAda sthAna diyA gayA hai| vyaJjaka zabda donoM prakAra ke zabdoM kA sahArA liyA karatA hai| isa lie vyaJjaka zabda ko vAcaka aura lAkSaNika donoM prakAra ke zabdoM ke bAda tIsare sthAna para rakhA gayA hai / yahA~ yaha vizeSa rUpa se jAnanA cAhie ki zabdoM kA yaha tIna prakAra kA vibhAga zabdoM kI upAdhiyoM kA hai; zabdoM kA nahIM arthAt isa vibhAga ko upAdhita mAnanA cAhie vAstavika nahIM kyoMki vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabdoM ke bIca koI nizcita vibhAga- rekhA nahIM khIMcI jA sktii| vaha isalie ki 'amuka zabda kevala vAcaka hai, amuka zabda kevala lakSaka hai aura amuka zabda kevala vyaJjaka hai' isa prakAra kA koI nizcita vibhAga zabdoM meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| gaGgAyAM mInaproposta" yahA~ gaGgA zabda vAcaka hai, lakSaka hai aura vyaJjaka bhI hai / ataH eka hI zabda ke vAcaka, lakSaka aura vyaJjaka hone ke kAraNa tIna prakAra kA vibhAga zabdoM kA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / apitu isa vibhAga ko upAdhikRta hI mAnanA hogaa| jisa prakAra eka hI vyakti upAdhibheda se kabhI pitA aura kabhI putra kahA jAtA hai; usI prakAra upAdhiyoM ke bheda se eka hI zabda kabhI vAcaka, kabhI lakSaka aura kabhI vyaJjaka mAnA jAtA hai| lakSaNA ke zakti ( abhidhA) ke adhIna hone ke kAraNa aura vyaJjanA ke una ( zakti aura lakSaNA ) ke Azrita hone ke kAraNa sarvaprathama vAcaka, usake bAda lakSaka aura una donoM ke bAda vyaJjaka zabda kA ullekha ( kArikA meM kiyA gayA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki vAcaka zabda hI aisA zabda hai jise apane artha ( mukhyArtha ) ko prakaTa karane ke lie zabda. ke anya bhedoM ke vyApAra (lakSaNA yA vyajanA) kA muMha nahIM dekhanA par3atA vRtti ( zakti yA abhidhA ) se hI prakaTa kara detA hai / isalie sarvaprathama gayA hai| lakSaka zabda ko apanA artha ( lakSyArtha) prakaTa karane ke lie lakSaNA vyApAra kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai| hai| vaha apane artha ko svayaM kI mukhya kArikA meM vAcakazabda ko sthAna diyA

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dvitIya ullAsaH nanu zAstraSu vyaJjakazabdAnAM nAmApi nAstItyata Aha / [sUtra 5] 'kAvya' iti :-camatkAravizeSasyAnyathAnupapatteriti bhAvaH / na ca ya eva zabdo vAcakaH sa eva lAkSaNiko vyaJjakazceti bhedAbhAvAd vibhAgo'nupapanna iti vAcyam / tathAtve'pi sambandhabhedAd bhedamaGgIkRtya tathA vibhAgAd evamevArthavibhAgopapattirityanupadameva vyaktam / vibhAgAnantaraM lakSaNasya jijJAsAviSayatvenAbhidhAtumucitatvAt tadanabhidhAnaM samarthayatilakSaNA, zakti yA abhidhA ke adhIna hai; kyoMki vaha mukhyArtha meM bAdhA Ane para mukhyArtha se sambaddha artha ko hI batAtI hai / ataH mukhyArtha kI upasthiti ke lie vAcaka zabda kI vRtti zakti (abhidhA) kI vahA~ upasthiti anivArya hai| isa taraha zakti para Azrita lakSaNAvyApAra se yukta lakSaka zabda ko kArikA meM dvitIya sthAna diyA gayA hai| vyaJjaka zabda jisa vyApAra se apanA artha (vyaGgayArtha) batAtA hai vaha hai vyaJjanA / vyaJjanA ke do mukhya bheda haiM--abhidhAmUlA aura lakSaNAmUlA / jaise 'durgAlayitavigraho vijayatAM rAjA umAvallabhaH' yahA~ durga (kilA) ke kAraNa ajita vigraha (yuddha) vAle, umA rAnI ke pati bhAnudeva rAjA kI jaya ho, isa abhidheyArtha kI pratIti ke bAda dargA (pArvatI) se AliGgita vigraha (zarIra) vAle umApati zivarUpa artha tathA donoM arthoM meM upamAnopameyabhAva-sambandhamUlaka upamAlaGkArarUpa vyaGgaya hone se abhidhAmUlA vyaJjanA hai| "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM tIra artha meM lakSaNA ke bAda zItatvAtizaya aura pavitratAtizayarUpI vyaGgya kI upasthiti hone ke kAraNa lakSaNAmUlA vyaJjanA hai| isa taraha vyaJjaka zabda kA vyApAra vyaJjanAzakti aura lakSaNA donoM vyApAroM para Azrita hai| isalie kArikA meM vyaJjaka zabda kA sthAna sabase anta meM tIsare sthAna para rhaa| 'sthAvAcaka iti' (TIkA) yadyapi vibhAga se hI tIna bheda siddha the tathApi "tridhA" zabda ke ullekha se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kAvya meM zabda ke tIna hI bheda haiM; na tIna se adhika haiM aura na kama / isalie gauNI ko lakSaNA se bhinna mAnakara gauNa nAmaka zabdabheda kA kArikA meM ullekha nahIM hone se kArikAkAra kI nyUnatA (kamI) tathA vyaJjanA ke mAnane meM pramANAbhAva ke kAraNa vyaJjaka zabda ke ullekha ko adhika mAnane vAle anya (vidvAnoM) ke saMzaya ko dUra karane ke uddezya se kArikA meM vidhA' zabda kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| gauNIvRtti lakSaNA se anya vRtti nahIM hai| vaha lakSaNA kA hI eka bheda hai| gauNa zabda lAkSaNika zabda ke antargata hI A jAtA hai| mukhyArtha aura lakSyArtha ke bIca jahA~ sAdRzya sambandha hotA hai; vahA~ gaugI lakSaNA mAnI jAtI hai| jaise "agnirmAgavakaH" yahA~ mANavaka meM agni ke samAna tejasvitA hone ke kAraNa gauNI lakSaNA mAnI gayI hai| isIlie gauNI lakSaNA kA eka prakAra hai| vaha lakSaNA se bhinna vRtti nahIM hai| vyajanA ke binA to kAvya ke prayojanoM meM 'sakala-prayojana-maulibhUta sadyaHparanirvRti' arthAt vigalita vedyAntarAnanda aura kAntAsammitopadeza kI prAptirUpa prayojanoM kI siddhi ho hI nahIM sakatI hai / yahI Age kahate haiM'nanu zAstreSu' iti zAstroM meM (mImAMsA, nyAya, vedAnta Adi zAstroM meM) vyaJjaka zabdoM kA nAma bhI nahIM hai isa zaGkA ke samAdhAna ke lie vRttikAra ne likhA hai ki kArikA meM Aye hue 'atra' kA artha hai kAvya meM / arthAta kAvya kA kArya to vyaJjanA ke binA cala hI nahIM sktaa| isalie kAvya meM zabdoM ke tIna prakAroM kI svIkRti atyanta Avazyaka hai| isI ko spaSTa karate hue TIkAkAra Age likhate hai'kAvya iti (TokA) kAvya meM (usa) camatkAra-vizeSa kI upapatti (samarthana) vyaJjaka zabda kI svIkRti ke binA nahIM kI jA sakatI jisake kAraNa kAvya ko anya zAstroM kI apekSA adhika mahattva diyA jAtA hai|

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kAvyaprakAzA [sU. 6] vAcyAdayastadarthAH syuHvAcyalakSyavyaGgyA: / 'eSA miti 'svarUpa'-lakSaNaM, tathA ca ziSyajijJAsAnurodhAd nedAnImeva taducyata iti bhAvaH / vRttyAzrayasya prathamaM jijJAsAviSayatvAd arthasyApi vyaJjanArUpavRttyAzrayatvamiti prathamatastatra va jijJAseti tAn vibhajatesUtrArthaH - (sU0 6) 'vAcyAdaya' iti-zabdAnAmapi lakSaNamarthaghaTitamiti teSAM lakSaNamakRtvA'pyarthavibhAga iti navyAH / nanu vAcya AdiryeSAM te vAcyAdaya iti vigraheNAtadguNasaMvijJAnabahuvrIhI vAcyasyApravezo bahuvacanAnupapattizca / na ca tadguNasaMvijJAnabahuvrIhiNA trayANAmupAdAnamiti vAcyam / lakSaNayA trayANAmekalakSyatAvacchedakaprakAreNopasthitau bhinna-bhinnavibhAjakatAvacchedakAvacchinnatvenAnupasthityA vibhaagaanuppttiH| ___ "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM jo gaGgA zabda (pravAha artha kA) vAcaka hai vahI (tIra artha kA) lakSaka hai aura vahI (zotatva pAvanatvAdi artha kA) vyaJjaka hai (aisI sthiti meM) yaha zabda vAcaka hI hai, yA lAkSaNika hI hai, yA vyaJjaka hI hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / isa taraha zabda kA pUrvokta vibhAga galata hai, yaha zaMGkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki (yaha vibhAga zabdoM kA nahIM; kintu zabda kI upAdhiyoM kA kiyA gayA hai ) jisa prakAra eka hI vyakti upAdhibheda athavA sambandhabheda se bhinna (kabhI pitA aura kabhI putra) ho jAtA hai; usI prakAra (vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgayarUpa) upAdhi ke kAraNa bhinna mAna kara zabda kA vibhAga kiyA gayA hai| (isa taraha) yaha vibhAga vastutaH zabda kA svabhAvakRta nahIM hai; apitu upAdhikRta hai ? jisa taraha upAdhibheda se zabda tIna prakAra ke hote haiM, usI prakAra artha bhI tIna prakAra ke hote haiM, yaha abhI (mUla meM) vyakta kiyA jaaygaa| (zabda ke) vibhAga ke ullekha ke bAda lakSaNa ke sambandha meM jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai arthAt vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabda kise kahate haiM, yaha prazna uThatA hai| isalie yahA~ unakA lakSaNa denA ucita thA; tathApi unakA lakSaNa jo nahIM diyA gayA hai, usakA kAraNa batAte haiMkAvyagata artha ke tIna bheda 'eSAmiti'-ina (vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabdoM kA) svarUpa (lakSaNa) Age ("sAkSAt saGkatitaM yo'rthamabhidhatte sa vAcaka: "tadbhurlAkSaNikaH" "tayukto vyaJjakaH zabdaH" sUtroM me) batAyA jaaygaa| isalie ziSya kI jijJAsA ke anurodha se yahI (abhI) unakA lakSaNa nahIM batAyA gayA (Age ke nirUpaNa se ziSya kI jijJAsA zAnta ho hI jAyagI isa Azaya se aura piSTa-peSaNa se bacane ke lie unakA lakSaNa yahAM nahIM diyA gyaa| jijJAsU chAtra thor3I dera taka apanI jijJAsA pUrti kI pratIkSA kareM yA Age dekhakara apanI jijJAsA zAnta kara leN)| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI thI jisase artha kA nirUpaNa pahale kiyA gyaa| jijJAsA kA prathama viSaya vRttyAzraya hai; kyoMki vRtti viziSTa zabda se upasthiti artha hI zAbdabodha kA viSaya hotA hai| athavA yoM kahie ki jisa artha kI upasthiti abhidhA, lakSaNA athavA vyajanAvRtti se hotI hai; usIkA zAbdabodha meM bhAna hotA hai / arthAt gur3a kA zabdArtha madhura nahIM mAnA jAtA kintu Treacle hI mAnA mAtA hai| isalie zabdArtha nirUpaNa prakaraNa meM vattyAzraya hone se jaise zabda ke sambandha meM (1) kAvya prakAza sUtra 6, (2) kA. pra0 sUtra 26 (3) kA. prA0 sUtra 33 /

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dvitIya ullAsaH kiJca 'brAhmaNAdIn bhojaya' ityatra nimantritatvasyeva atrArthatvasyaiva lakSyatAvacchedakatvaM vAcyam, tathA cArthAH zabdArthA ityarthaparyavasAnenAnanvayapaunaruktyayorApattiruddezyatAvacchedaka vidheyatAvacchedakayorabhedAt trividheti padAnuSaGge'pi vibhAjakatAvacchedakA nupasthitistadavasthaivetyata Aha-'vAcya lakSyavyaGgayAH ' iti TIkArthaH / tathA ca vAcya-lakSya-vyaGgayAnyAnyatvamaMtra lakSyatAvacchedakam, tadghaTakatayA ca vAcyatvAdivibhAjakatAvacchedakAnAM vAcyAdivibhAjyAnAM copasthityA nAnupapattiH, yadvA vAcyapade zaktyAdipade lakSaNayA dvayena ca vAcyatvarUpa zakyatAvacchedakalakSyatvavya GgatvarUpalakSyatAvacchedakAvacchinnavAcyAditrayopasthitiriti 'yukta mutpazyAmaH / 5 nanu padArthavad vAkyArthasyApi vyaJjanAvRttyAzrayatayA bhaTTamatasiddhatAtparyAkhyavRtti- pratipAdyatayA ca tadvibhAgo'pi kattamucita iti tadakaraNAd nyUnatetyata Aha jijJAsA jagatI hai; usI taraha (ArthI vyaJjanA meM ) vyaJjanA rUpa vRtti ke Azraya hone se artha ke viSaya meM bhI jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai / use zAnta karane ke lie artha kA nirUpaNa karanA Avazyaka thA / isa lie unakA (arthoM kA ) vibhAga karate haiM / ( avasara saMgati) vAcyAdaya iti vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya ye tIna una (vAcaka, lakSaka aura vyaJjaka zabdoM) ke artha hote haiM / zabdoM ke lakSaNa arthaghaTita arthAt arthoM ko AdhAra banAkara hI kiye jAte haiN| isalie unakA (vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabdoM kA ) lakSaNa (pahale) nahIM karake arthoM kA vibhAga kiyA gayA hai| aisA navIna AcAryoM kA mata hai / samAveza nahIM ho sakegA tathA sAtha atirikta artha lakSya aura vyaGgagha yadi "vAcyAdayaH " yahA~, 'vAcya hai Adi jinake' isa prakAra vigraha karane para 'atadguNa-saMvijJAna- bahubrIhi ' mAneM, to ( vAcyAdi isa pada meM vAcya nahIM liyA jAyagA ) vAcya kA ( artha bheda meM) sAtha "vAcyAdayaH" yahA~ bahuvacana kA prayoga bhI nahIM ho skegaa| kyoMki vAcya ke do hI zeSa raha jAte haiM, jina kA samAveza hone se vAcyAdi pada se dvivacana hokara 'vAcyAdI' honA cAhie, "vAcyAdayaH" nahIM! tadguNasaMvijJAnabahubrIhi (mAnane) se "vAcyAdaya:" yaha pada tInoM (vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgayoM) kA bodhaka ho jAyagA ? aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie; kyoMki ( samAsa meM pRthak zakti nahIM mAnane vAle aura samasta padoM meM lakSaNA ke dvArA arthabodha karane ke pakSapAtI naiyAyika ke samAna mata rakhanevAloM ke mata meM lakSaNA ke dvArA tInoM ekalakSyatAvacchedakarUpa meM arthAt ekavAcyAdirUpa meM upasthiti hogI, aisI sthiti meM bhinna-bhinna vibhAjakatAvacchedakAvacchinnatvarUpa se upasthiti nahIM hone para (tIna) vibhAgoM kI upapatti nahIM ho skegii| unhIM vastuoM meM bheda mAnA jA sakatA hai; jinakI upasthiti bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM hotI hai / vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya meM bheda mAnA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki inakI vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya ina vibhinnarUpoM meM upasthiti hotI hai| kintu yadi vAcyAdi zabda se hI vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgagha kI upasthiti ho to inameM bheda nahIM mAna sakate haiM kyoMki tInoM kI upasthiti vAcyAdi ekarUpa meM hone ke kAraNa inheM eka mAnanA cAhie, aneka nhiiN| isa taraha " vAcyAdayastadarthAH syuH " isa sUtra se artha ke jo tIna bheda batAnA cAhate the; vaha siddha nahIM ho rahA hai yaha prazna kA abhiprAya hai / isa 'sUtra prayukta "vAcyAdayaH" zabda ke kAraNa eka doSa aura A gayA hai, vaha "kiJca" zabda se batAte haiM vaha doSa haiM-- uddezya aura vidheya kI ekatA / meM jaise yadi koI kahe "brAhmaNAdIn bhojaya" brAhmaNAdi ko khilAo to samasta brAhmaNAdi mAnavoM ko khilAnA asambhava jAnakara " nimantritAn brAhmaNAdIn bhojaya" nimantrita brAhmaNAdi ko khilAo; yahI artha mAnanA hogA / nimantritva yahA~ lakSyatAvacchedaka yA uddezyatAvaccheka hogaa| ThIka isI taraha "vAcyAdi" meM arthatva hI lakSyatAvacchedaka hogA taba antatogatvA sUtra kA rUpAntara isa prakAra hogA " arthA: ( vAcyAdayaH) tadarthAH zabdArthAH " / yahA~ uddezyatA

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kAvyaprakAza [sU. 7]--tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit // 6 // AkAGkSAsannidhiyogyatAvazAdvakSyamANasvarUpANAM padArthAnAM samanvaye tAtparyArthoM vizeSavapUrapadArtho'pi vAkyArthaH samullasatItyabhihitAnvayavAdinAM matam / (sU0 7) 'tAtparyArtho'pI'ti tAtparyAkhyavRttipratipAdya ityarthaH / ata evAgre vakSyati te cAbhidhAlakSaNAtAtparyebhyo vyApArAntaragamyA iti / 'keSu'ciditi mata iti zeSaH tathA ca paramatametanna tu mamApIti na nyUnatetyarthaH / na tu svamatameva kathaM netadata Aha TIkArthaH-'pAkAGkSa'ti / tathA cAnanyalabhyatvaM vRttyantarApratipAdyatvam, asya tu vRttibhinnAvacchedaka artha hai aura vidheyatAvacchedaka bhI arth| isa taraha uddezyatAvacchedaka aura lakSyatAvacchedaka ke abhinna hone se sUtrArtha ThIka nahIM jamegA / isalie yadi pUrva sUtra se "tridhA" kI anuvRtti kareM, to bhI vibhAjakatAvacchedaka kI anupasthiti (jo prathama doSa dete samaya dikhAyI gayI hai) pUrvavat rahegI hii| isalie vRtti meM kahate haiM-vAcya-lakSya vyaayaaH| aba vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaca meM se pratyeka yahA~ lakSyatAvacchedaka hai| usako lekara vibhAjakatAvacchedaka vAcyatva, lakSyatva aura vyaGgayatva kI pRthak-pRthak upasthiti huI aura vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgayarUpa vibhAjyoM kI bhI alaga-alaga upasthiti huI isalie (vibhAga meM) koI anupapatti nahIM aayii| athavA hama yoM kahanA pasanda kareMge ki "bAcyAdi pada" ke vAcya pada meM zakti ke kAraNa aura Adi pada meM lakSaNA ke kAraNa vAcyAdi pada se vAcyatvarUpa zakyatAvacchedakAvacchinna aura lakSyatva tathA vyaGgayatvarUpa lakSyatAvacchedakAvacchinna vAcyAdi tInoM kI upasthiti hotI hai| arthAt vAcya pada se usakA mukhya artha zabdArtha liyA jAtA hai, Adi zabda se usake do artha lakSya aura vyaGgaya liye jAte haiM, isa taraha zakti aura lakSaNA se vAcyAdi pada vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya ina tInoM kA pratyAyaka bana jAtA hai| isalie pArthakya-sAdhaka dharmoM kI upasthiti ho jAne se vibhAga anupapanna nahIM huaa| vAkyArtharUpa artha 'tAtparyArtha'--.. ___ "tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit" isa sUtra kI avasarasaMgati batAte hue kahate haiM ki-jaise vyaJjanAvRtti kA Azraya padArtha hai vaise hI vAkyArtha bhI vyajanAvRtti kA Azraya hai aura vaha vAkyArtha bhaTaTa (kumArila bhaTaTa) ke matAnusAra na abhidheya hai aura na lakSya; kintu tAtparyArtha hai, tAtparyAvRtti pratipAdya hai| isa taraha artha ke vibhAgoM meM tAtparyArtha kA parigaNana bhI honA caahie| tAtparyArtha ko artha ke bhedoM meM sthAna na denA (aisA na karanA) nyUnatA na samajhI jAya isalie kahate haiM-"tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit" / tAtparyArtha kA artha hai tAtparyAkhyavRtti pratipAdya / arthAta tAtparya nAmaka vRtti ke dvArA jo artha pratipAdita hotA hai vaha tAtparyArtha hai| isIlie Age (vizeSAH syusta lakSite, isa satra kI vRtti meM svayaM) kaheMge ki ('gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahA~ taTAdi meM jo pAvanatvAdi vizeSadharma pratIta hote haiN| ve abhidhA, tAtparya aura lakSaNA ke atirikta kisI anya vyApAra se gamya haiM / yahA~ tAtparyAkhya vyApAra ko abhidhA aura lakSaNA ke bIca batAne se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki tAtparyArtha bhI eka artha hai| kecit" yahA~ 'mate' kA adhyAhAra yA zeSa mAnanA cAhie / 'keSucit' yahA~ SaSThI ke artha meM saptamI hai| isa taraha keSucit kA artha hogA "keSAJcinmate" arthAt kinhIM ke mata meM tAtparyArtha bhI (eka artha) hai| taraha tAryArtha kI svIkRti dUsaroM kA mata hai, merA nhiiN| isalie tAtparyArtha ko nahIM ginAne se koI nyUnatA nahIM aatii| isako dUsaroM kA mata dikhAne ke lie vattikAra likhate haiM 1. SaSThya rthe'tra sptmii|

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dvitIya ullAsaH kAkSAjJAnarUpAnyalabhyatvena padazaktyAtmakavRttyantaralabhyatvena vA nAnanyalabhyatvamiti natAtparyAkhya vRtti kA zabdArtha isa prakAra hai jina (padArthoM) kA svarUpa Age kahA jAyagA, aise (padoM dvArA abhihita) padArthoM kA AkAMkSA, yogyatA tathA sannidhi ke bala se paraspara sambandha hone para samanvaya hone meM padoM se pratIta honevAlA artha na hone para bhI (tAtparya viSayIbhUta artha hone ke kAraNa) vizeSa prakAra kA tAtparyArtha rUpa vAkyArtha pratIta hotA hai yaha abhihitAnvayavAdiyoM arthAt (kumArilabhaTTa ke anuyAyiyoM) kA mata hai| ___ yahA~ vRttikAra kI paMkti dUrAnvayI hone se adhika kliSTa ho gayI hai| "AkAMkSA-yogyatA-sannidhivazAd vakSyamANasvarUpANAM padArthAnAm" isa prakAra ke vAkya-vinyAsa ke sthAna meM "vakSyamANasvarUpANAM padArthAnAm AkAMkSAyogyatAsannidhivazAt samanvaye" isa prakAra kA vAkya-vinyAsa hotA to artha samajhane meM apekSAkRta saralatA hotii| isa sandarbha meM prayukta AkAMkSA, yogyatA tathA sannidhi zabda dArzanika zabda haiN| inakA tAtparya samajhe binA isa prakaraNa ko samajhanA kaThina hai| isalie unakA tAtparya diyA jAtA hai / "AkAMkSA" zrotA kI jijJAsA hai| eka pada ko sunane ke bAda vAkya ke anya padoM ko sune binA pUre artha kA jJAna nahIM hotA / isalie vAkya ke agale pada ke sunane kI icchA zrotA meM utpanna hotI hai| isI kA nAma AkAMkSA hai| jina padoM ke sunane para isa prakAra kI AkAMkSA hotI hai, unake samudAya ko hI vAkya kahA jAtA hai / AkAMkSAvihIna jaise "gaurazvaH puruSo hastI zakunimaMgo brAhmaNaH" Adi padoM kA samUha vAkya nahIM kahalAtA / "yogyatA padArthAnAM parasparasambandhe bAdhAbhAvaH" arthAt yogyatA padArthoM ke paraspara sambandha ke bAdhAbhAva ko kahate haiM / jahA~ padArthoM ke paraspara sambandha meM bAdhA upasthita hotI hai, usa pada-samudAya ko vAkya nahIM kahA jAtA aura na usa padasamUha se vAkyArtha bodha hI hotA hai / jaise 'vahninA siJcati' isa padasamUha meM yogyatA nahIM hai, kyoMki agni se siMcAI nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| isalie bahni (karaNa kAraka) aura siJcana (kriyA) ke paraspara sambandha meM bAdhA hone se yogyatA kA abhAva hai| isa kAraNa isako vAkya nahIM kahate haiN| aise vAkya se vAkyArthabodha bhI nahIM hotaa| - 'sannidhi' ko bhI vAkyArthabodha ke lie svIkRta kAraNoM meM tIsarA kAraNa mAnate haiN| isakA dUsarA nAma Asati bhI hai| padoM ke avilamba se kiye gaye uccAraNa ko sannidhi kahate haiN| buddhi meM vyavaccheda yA vyavadhAna na AnA hI Asatti hai| yadi koI vyakti ghaMTe-ghaMTe bhara bAda meM padoM kA uccAraNa kare to aise padoM ke samUha ko vAkya nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki unameM sannidhi yA Asatti kA abhAva hai| 'giribhuktam agnimAn devadattana" aise padasamUha ko bhI vAkya nahIM kahate haiM kyoMki yahA~ Asatti nahIM hai| "giriH agnimAn" isa buddhi kA vyavacchedaka zabda "bhuktam" bIca meM A gayA hai| 'bhUktam devadattena' isa buddhi meM vyavaccheda upasthita karane vAlA zabda 'agnimAn' bIca meM A gayA hai| isalie isa vAkya meM Asatti nahIM hai| abhihitAnvayavAda prasiddha mImAMsaka kumArila bhadra tathA unake anuyAyI pArthasArathi mizra Adi vidvAn abhihitAnvayavAdI haiN| abhihitAnvayavAda ko svIkAra karane ke kAraNa ye abhihitAnvayavAdI kahalAte haiN| abhidhAvatti se pratipAdita padArtha abhihita kahalAte haiM aura unameM paraspara anvaya svIkAra karanA 'abhihitAnvayavAda' kahalAtA hai| isa taraha abhihitAtvayavAda kA tAtparya yaha hai ki pahale padoM se padArthoM kI pratIti hotI hai, isake bAda una padArthoM kA paraspara sambandha, jo abhidhA ke dvArA padoM se upasthita nahIM huA thA, vAkyArtha-maryAdA se upasthita hotA hai| isa mata meM yaha mAnA gayA hai ki pahale padoM dvArA padArtha abhihita hote haiM arthAt abhidhA zakti se pahale padoM kA artha upasthita hotA hai|

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kAvyaprakAzaH vRttyantaraviSayatvaM tathAtve'pi tatkalpane vRttyantaramAtrocchedApattirityAkhaNDalakArthaH / bAda meM vaktA ke tAtparya ke anusAra unakA paraspara anvaya yA sambandha hotA hai; jisase vAkyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai| isa prakAra vAkyArtha-bodha ke lie abhihita padArthoM kA anvaya mAnane ke kAraNa kumArila bhaTTa Adi kA yaha siddhAnta 'abhihitAnvayavAda' kahalAtA hai / isa mata meM padAryoM kA paraspara sambandha padoM se upasthita nahIM hotA, kintu vaktA ke talayaM ke anusAra hotA hai| isalie isa artha ko 'tAtparyAtha' kahate haiM vahI 'vAzyArtha' hai| vAkyArtha yA tAtparyArtha bodhaka vRtti kA nAma tAtparyavRtti hai| abhidhA, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA ke atirikta 'tAtparyavRtti' ko cauthI vRtti mAnate haiN| mImAMsaka vyajanA vRtti nahIM mAnate haiM isalie unake mata meM yaha cauthI vRtti nahIM, kintu tIsarI hI vRtti hai| abhihitAnvayavAda meM pahale padoM se kevala anvaya-rahita padArtha upasthita hote haiM aura usake pazcAt padoM kI AkAMkSA, yogyatA aura sannidhi ke bala se tAtparya vRtti dvArA una padArthoM ke saMsargarUpa vAkyArtha kA bodha hotA hai| isa taraha mammaTa ne kumArila bhaTTa ke mata kA sArAMza prastuta kiyA hai| siddhAnta yaha hai ki 'ananyalabhyo hi zabdArthaH" / arthAt zabdArtha use mAnanA cAhie jo anyalabhya na ho, isIlie "pIno'yaM devadattaH divA na bhuGkte" yaha devadatta moTA hai, para 'dina meM nahIM khAtA' yahA~ 'rAta meM avazya khAtA hogA' isa prakAra ke artha kI jo pratIti hotI hai use anumeya yA arthApattibodha mAnA jAtA hai| arthApatti pramANa ke dvArA usa artha kI upasthiti mAnI jAtI hai| vaha 'rAtri bhojana rUpa artha zabdArtha isalie nahIM mAnA jAtA ki vaha anyaladha arthAt anumAna yA arthApatti pramANalabhya hai / ananyalabhya nahIM hone use zabdArtha nahIM mAnate / 'ananyalabhya' kA zabdArtha hai jo anya labhya na ho| anya zabda sApekSa zabda hai arthAt anya zabda sunate hI jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai ki kisase anya ? uttara hogA vRtti se| kyoMki zAbdabodha meM vRtti se upasthita artha hI bhAsita hotA hai| isalie vRtti hI upasthita hai, usI se anya liyA jAnA caahie| isa taraha 'ananyalabhya' kA tAtparya huA "vRtyantarAlampa"-vRtti se bhinna (anumAnAdi pramANoM) se jo labhya na ho, isa prakAra ke artha ko hI zabdArtha mAnanA cAhie / (vAkya meM bhAsita honevAlA) saMsargarUpa artha to vRtti (abhidhA) se bhinna AkAMkSA ke jJAnarUpa anya (tattva) se landha hone ke kAraNa ananyalabhya nahIM hai| athavA vaha saMsargarUpa artha pada kI zaktirUpa abhidhAvRtti se anya vAkyamaryAdA (AkAMkSAdi) se labhya hone ke kAraNa anya labhya hai, ananya labhya nahIM hai| isalie tAtparyAkhya vRtti mAnanI caahie| tAtparyAkhya vRtti mAnane para sambandha yA saMsargarUpa artha kI upasthiti bhI vRtti (tAtparyAvRtti) se hI hogii| isalie vaha artha bhI vRtyantarApratipAdya hone ke kAraNa zAbdabodha meM bhAsita hogaa| jaisA ki huprA karatA hai| isalie usa (saMsargarUpa) artha kI upasthiti bhI tAtparya nAma kI vRtti se bhinna (kisI anya pramANa) kA viSaya nahIM siddha hotI (isalie use zAbdabodha meM bhAsita hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hogii)| tAtparyAkhya vRtti se upasthita hone para bhI yadi usa saMsargarUpa artha ko abhidhAvRtti se bhinna (vRtti) se upasthita hone ke kAraNa vRttyantara (prathama vRtti abhidhA se bhinna vRtti se) pratipAdya hone ke kAraNa anya labhya mAneM to abhidhA se bhinna lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA-vRtti mAnanA vyartha ho jaaygaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki "vRttyantarApratipAdyatvam" isa pada meM vRtti pada se kevala abhidhA kA hI yadi grahaNa kareM to 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahA~ tIra artha kI upasthiti bhI vRttyantara se hone ke kAraNa usa artha ko bhI ananyalabhya nahIM kahA jAyagA aura aisA hone para usakA bhI zAbdabodha meM bhAna nahIM hogaa| isalie vRtti pada se sabhI prakAra kI vRttiyoM kA grahaNa karanA caahie| aisI sthiti meM lakSaNAvRtti se upasthita artha ko jaise ananyalabhya kahate haiN| usI taraha tAtparyAyavatti se upasthita artha ko bhI 'ananyalabhya' mAnanA hI caahie| isI tAtparya ko TIkAkAra ne AkhaNDalakArtha kahA hai| AkhaNDalaka kA artha hai sAra / As a whole kA jo tAtparya hai vahI tAtparya AkhaNDalaka kA hai|

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dvitIya ullAsaH vAcya eva vAkyArtha ityanvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH / 1 'vakSyamANe 'ti / jAtyAdItyarthaH / anvaye vubhutsite tAtparyArthastAtparyarUpavRttipratipAdyatvena paraMrabhimato vAkyArtha ityabhedenAnvayaH / apadArthatve hetuH - vizeSavapuriti ghaTAnayanAdirUpa ityarthaH / vAdinAmiti bahuvacanenAnvitAbhidhAnApekSayA'bhihitAnvayapakSasya samIcInatvaM dyotyate / vRtti meM "vakSyamANasvarUpANAM padArthAnAm" meM padArthAnAM kA artha hai jAtyAdi / Age " saGketitazcaturbhedo jAtyAdirjAtireva vA" isa kArikA meM jAtyAdi ko hI padArtha rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / anvayabodha abhISTa hone para nAmaka vRtti se pratipAdya hone ke kAraNa pratIta honevAlA tAtparyArtha hI anya vidvAnoM (abhihitAnvayavAdiyoM) ke mata meM vAkyArtha hai, isa prakAra abhedAntraya mAnanA cAhie / vAkyArtha apadArtha hai arthAt vAkyArtha meM padArtha hI bhAsita nahIM hotA; kintu usameM saMsarga jo padArtha nahIM hai vaha bhI bhAsita hotA hai| isalie vAkyArtha ko padArtha samudAya hI nahIM kaha sakate haiM; kintu anvayabodhaka saMsarga - ghaTita padArtha samudAya hI vAkyArtha hotA hai / isalie vAkyArtha ko "vizeSavapuH " kahA gayA hai / yahI prakaTa karate hue batAte haiM ki vAkya ko apadArtha mAnane meM hetu hai usakA arthAt vAkyArtha kA padArthasamUha kI apekSA vizeSa (tundila) vapu (zarIra ) honA / 'ghaTamAnaya' meM ghaTa padArtha hai ghar3A, am vibhakti kA artha hai karma, 'Anaya' meM ApUrvaka dhAtu kA artha hai AharaNa aura loT lakAra kA preraNA / isa taraha yahA~ padArtha samUha hai ghaTa karma AharaNa preraNA / vAkyArtha hai ghaTaka kAraNAnukUla preraNA / yahA~ ghaTa aura karma ke bIca, tathA AharaNa aura preraNA ke bIca jo sambandha hai vaha padArtha nahIM hai, kintu vAkyArtha hai / usakI pratIti ke lie tAtparyarUpa vRtti mAnanA Avazyaka hai, ataH vAkyArtha aura tAtparyArtha donoM abhinna haiM / "abhihitAnvayavAdinAM matam " yahA~ " abhihitAntrayavAdinAm" meM bahuvacana kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| "ekavacanaM na prayuJjIta gurAvAtmani cezvare" arthAt guru ke lie, svayaM tathA Izvara ke lie ekavacana kA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie isa siddhAnta ke anusAra bahuvacana ke prayoga se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki anvitAbhidhAnavAda kI apekSA abhihitAnvaya adhika samIcIna hai / zranvitAbhidhAnavAda isakA kAraNa batAte hue spaSTa karate haiM-ayambhAvaH arthAt prabhAkara aura zAlikanAtha mizra Adi abhidhAnavAdI haiM / ve kahate haiM ki pahale kevala padArtha abhihita hote haiM aura bAda meM unakA anvaya hotA hai; aisI bAta nahIM hai / lekina vAstavika bAta to yaha hai ki pahale se hI antrita padArthoM kA abhidhAna hotA hai / anvita padArthoM kA hI abhivAna mAnane ke kAraNa isa mata ko 'antritAbhidhAnavAda' kahA gayA hai / isa mata meM abhidhA ati padArthoM kA hI abhidhAna mAnA gayA hai| isalie anvaya saMsarga ke bodhana ke lie tAtparyavRtti kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai| prabhAkara ne apane mata ke samarthana meM isa prakAra tarka upasthita kiyA hai ki - padoM se jo padArthoM kI pratIti hotI hai; vaha 'saGketagraha' ke bAda hI hotI hai aura 'saGketa grahaNa' vyavahAra se hotA hai| jaise eka vyakti jisako yaha jJAna nahIM hai ki kisa zabda kA kyA artha hai kauna-sA zabda kisa artha ke lie prayukta huA hai, jaba apanI mAtA ko kisI vyakti se "devadatta gAm Anaya" yaha AjJA dete hue pAtA hai to usa samaya vaha na yaha jAnatA hai ki 'devadatta' kA kyA artha hai aura use na yaha jJAna hai ki 'gAm' aura Anaya' kA kyA artha hai / vaha sampUrNa vAkya ko sunatA hai aura eka vyakti dvArA gAya ko lAte hue dekhatA hai| vaha usa samaya akhaNDa vAkya kA akhaNDa artha samajhatA hai| use anvita kA hI bodha hotA hai| phira yavAsamaya 'devadatta azvam Anaya' 'caitra gAm Anaya' 'devadatta gAm badhAna'

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kAvyaprakAzaH tathAhi ayaM bhAvaH--anvite zaktimaGgIkurvatA'pItarAnvite zaktiraGgIkAryA, na tvAnayanAdyanvite, zaktyAnantyaprasaGgAt / tathA ca vizeSopasthitirAkAGkSAdi-sahakRtAt padAdeveti vAcyam, evaM ca kimanvaye zaktikalpanayA prakRtasahakAriviziSTapadAdeva tadupasthiteriti / vAcya eveti / nyAyamate yo vAkyArthaH sa vAcya eva padArtha evetyarthaH, vAdina ityatra matamityanUSajanIyam, vadantItyadhyAhArApekSayA zIghropasthitikatvAt, tenaikavacanena gauravaM dyotyate tadbIjaM cAnanyalabhyatvAbhAvaH, gurunaye jAtizaktAt padAdeva vyaktibodhavat tadanvayabodhasambhavAt / Adi vAkyoM aura vyavahAroM ko dekhakara vaha pada aura padArthoM ke grahaNa aura tyAga se devadattAdi padoM kA alaga-alaga artha jAnatA hai| isa prakAra vyavahAra se prApta hone vAlA yaha saMketagraha hamezA kevala-padArtha' meM nahIM: apita anvita. padArtha meM hI hotA hai| isa taraha jaba kevala arthAt ananvita-padArtha meM saMketagraha hI nahIM hotA to 'kevala' arthAta ananvita padArtha ko upasthiti bhI nahIM hotii| isalie anvita kA hI abhidhAna arthAt abhidhA se anvita-padArthoM kI hI upasthiti mAnanA, ucita hai| isa taraha anvitAbhidhAnavAdI abhihitAnvayavAda ke khaNDana tathA apane mata ke maNDana meM pramANa upasthita karate haiN| __TIkAkAra ne batAyA hai ki "abhihitAnvayayAdinAM matam" meM bahuvacana ke prayoga ke kAraNa mammaTa abhihitAsvayavAda ko anvitAbhidhAnavAda se adhika samIcIna mAnate the yaha pratIta hotA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki anvita meM zakti mAnane vAloM ke mata meM bhI (sAmAnyarUpeNa) itara-padArthAnvita meM hI zakti mAnanI hogI; vizeSa rUpa se AnayanAdi padArtha se anvita meM zakti nahIM mAna sakate; kyoMki vaisA mAnane para ananta zakti kI kalpanA karane meM anAvazyaka gaurava hogaa| phira to 'gAmAnaya' meM gavAdi vizeSa padArtha kI upasthiti ke lie AkAMkSAdi kI hI zaraNa lenI par3egI arthAt yaha mAnanA par3egA ki AkAMkSAdi kI sahAyatA se sampanna pada se hI gavAdirUpa vizeSa padArthoM kI upasthiti 'gAmAnaya' ityAdi sthala meM ho jaaygii| aisI sthiti meM bhI jaba AkAMkSAdi kI sahAyatA kI zaraNa lenA anivArya hI hotA hai to 'anvita' meM zakti kalpanA vyartha hI hai; kyoMki ananvita meM zakti kI kalpanA karane vAle kumArila bhadra ko bhI AkAMkSAdi kI sahAyatA dvArA padoM se vizeSa kI upasthiti hotI hai / isa kalpanA meM AkAMkSAdi ke sahakAra kI apekSA hotI hI hai / evaJca (isa taraha) anvaya meM zakti kalpanA se kyA (lAbha) ? pahale hI abhihitAnvayavAda ke anusAra AkAMkSAdisahakRta pada se vAkyArtha kI upasthiti ho hI jaaygii| arthAt anta meM AkAMkSAdi ke sahakAra kI kalpanA karane kI apekSA pahale hI usake sahakAra ko svIkAra kara lenA caahie| anvitAbhidhAnavAdI ke mata kA ullekha karate hue likhate haiM 'vAcya eva vAkyArthaH' / arthAt abhidhA anvita kA bodha karAtI hai| isalie anvita padArtharUpa vAkyArtha hI vAcya hai / (isa mata kA vistRta vivaraNa pIche diyA gayA hai) TokArtha nyAya ke mata meM jo vAkyArtha hai vaha vAcya hI hai arthAta padArtha hI hai / "anvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH' yahA~ 'matam' kI anuvanti mAnanI caahie| yadyapi 'anvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH" ko prathamA bahuvacana mAnakara 'vadanti' kA adhyAhAra karake anvitAbhidhAnavAdI aisA kahate haiM, aisA bhI artha kiyA jA sakatA hai tathApi pUrvavAkya meM "iti abhihitAnvayavAdinAM matam' meM 'matam' pada ke Ane se 'matam' ko upasthiti 'badanti' ke adhyAhAra kI apekSA zIghra hone se usa pada ko prathamA-bahuvacana nahIM mAnA gayA aura na 'vadanti' kA adhyAhAra kiyA gyaa| pAThaka ke saMskAra meM pUrvavAkya kA 'matam' pahale se hI vidyamAna thaa| isalie vadanti' ke adhya hAra ke lie AkAMkSA hI nahIM jgii| "anvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH" ke Age 'matam' zabda kA sambandha mAnane se eka lAbha yaha bhI haA ki isase mammaTa kisa mata ko

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dvitIya ullAsa: kiJca vyakteravAcyatve tadanvayavAcyatvAnupapattiH kriyAkArakapadayoH pratyekamitarAnvitasvArthabodhakatve vAkyArthadvayadhIprasaGgazca / anvaye zaktau padAttasyApi smaraNe zAbdAnubhavasya gRhItaviSayatvena shbdsyaagRhiitgraahitvlkssnnpraamaannyaabhaavprsnggshc| na cAzakyAnubhave'tiprasaGgAdanvaye'pi zaktiriti adhika mahattva dete haiM, yaha bhI dyotita ho gyaa| pUrvamata meM "vAdinAm" meM bahuvacana aura isa mata meM 'vAdinaH' meM ekavacana ke prayoga ne spaSTa kara diyA ki uttara mata mammaTa sammata nahIM hai, kyoMki isa mata meM gaurava hotA hai (gaurava kI prakriyA abhI dikhAI gayI hai)| gaurava kA kAraNa 'ananyalabhyatvAbhAva:' dUsare se labhya nahIM hone kA abhAva hai arthAt anya labhyatva / guru prabhAkara ke mata meM jAti meM zakti rakhanevAle padoM se hI jaise vyakti kA bodha (mAkSepa se) ho jAtA hai, usI taraha padAnvaya-bodha bhI AkAMkSAdi se ho jAyagA / ata: anvita meM zakti mAnanA aura phira anvita-vizeSa ke bodha ke lie AkAMkSAdi ke sahakAra kI kalpanA karanA gauravagrasta hai| ___ tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise mImAMsaka prabhAkara zabda kA artha jAti mAnate haiN| isalie unake mata meM 'go' pada kA artha go jAti hotA hai| jAtirUpa artha "gauH pazuH" yahA~ to ThIka utaratA hai kintu "gAmAnaya" yahA~ ThIka nahIM utaratA, kyoMki pUrI gojAti kA lAnA na sambhava hai aura vaktA kA tAtparya hI vaisA hai| vaha to eka gAya lAne kI vivakSA se hI isa vAkya kA prayoga karatA hai| isalie guru prabhAkara ke mata meM vyakti kA bodha AkSepa se hotA hai / jaba guru prabhAkara ke mata meM jAti artha batAne meM zakta pada se vyakti kA bodha ho sakatA hai to apane-apane arthoM meM zaktapada se anvayabodha bhI sambhava hai| isa taraha anvayabodha bhI tAtparyavatti ke binA hI ho jaaygaa| tAtparyavatti aura tAtparyArtha ke svIkAra karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| itanA hI nahIM, vyakti ko zabdArtha nahIM mAnane para usa (vyakti) ke anvaya ko vAcya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| anvita meM zakti mAnate hue bhI anvitAbhidhAnavAdI vizeSa rUpa se gavAnayana meM zakti nahIM mAnate hai; kintu sAmAnya rUpa se itarAnvaya meM zakti mAnate haiM vizeSa rUpa meM arthAt gavAnayana meM zakti mAnane se azvAnayana, vRSabhAnayana Adi ananta zakti mAnane kA gaurava hogaa| parantu yahA~ yaha prazna uThatA hai ki vAkya meM kiyA aura kAraka donoM pada hote haiM to kyA kArakAnvita kriyA meM zakti mAnanI cAhie yA kriyAnvita kAraka meM? yadi kriyA ko itarapadArtha (kAraka) se anvita svArtha (kriyArtha) bodhaka mAne to vinigamanA (sAdhaka aura bAdhaka pramANoM) ke abhAva meM kAraka ko bhI itarapadArtha (kriyApadArtha) se anvita svArtha (kArakArtha) bodhaka mAnanA pddegaa| aisI sthiti meM do-do vAkyArthabodha hoMge-eka kArakAnvita kriyArthaprakAraka zAbdavodha hogA aura dUsarA kriyAnvita kArakaprakAraka, joki anubhava viruddha hai / anvaya meM (pada kI zakti) mAnane para eka doSa aura yaha hogA ki pada se usakA (anvita padArtha kA) bhI smaraNa ho jaaygaa| aisI sthiti meM zabda se prApta jJAna (zAbdabodha) ko pUrvagRhIta mAnanA par3egA aisA svIkAra karane para zabda ko agRhIta (ajJAtagrAhitva) bodhaka hone ke kAraNa jo prAmANya mAnA gayA hai; usakA bhaGga ho jaaygaa| yadi yaha kaheM ki anvaya meM zakti nahIM mAnane para aise anubhava meM jo zakyArtha nahIM hai vahA~ ativyApti ho jAyagI jaise "brAhmaNa ! putraste jAtaH" arthAta he brAhmaNa, tujhe putra huA hai, yahA~ prasannatArUpa anubhava ko koI zakyArtha nahIM mAnatA; parantu anvitAbhidhAna meM use bhI zakyArtha mAnanA par3egA, isalie ativyApti-doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie anvaya meM bhI zakti svIkAra karanI cAhie to yaha kathana ucita nahIM hogA, kyoMki svarUpa-sambandha se zakyAnvaya ko azakyAnvaya kA nivartaka mAnA gayA hai| arthAt anvita zakyArthoM kA bodha aise bodha ko zabdajanya mAnane meM bAdhaka hogA jo ki zakyArtha nahIM hai aura kisI rUpa meM anubhava meM bhAsita hote haiN| aisA niyama abhihitAnvayavAda meM bhI mAnanA Avazyaka hai anyathA azakyAnubhava ko vAkyArtha nahIM mAnane ke lie koI pramANa nahIM raha jAtA hai|

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kAvyaprakAzaH vAcyam, zakyAnvayatvasya svarUpasato niyAmakatvAt, anyathA tavApyapratIkArAditi / pradIpakRtastu tAtparyArtho'potyAdInAmanyathA'rthamAmananti, tathAhi-- nanu vRtti pratipAdyavAcyAdyarthavavRttyapratipAdyo'pi vAkyArthastAtparyAparanAmadheyo'sti sa kuto noktaH ? ___ ata Aha-tAtparyArtho'poti / keSucinmate, na tu sarveSu, keSAM tanmatam ? ityapekSAyAmAha[mUlam ] 'AkAGkSAdItyAdyabhihitAnvayavAdinAM matamityantena / ' ata eva keSuciditi saptamIbahuvacanaM SaSThIbahuvacanArthatayA vyAkhyAtaM vAdinAmityanena, ata evAnvitAbhidhAnavAdina ityatra bahuvacanam 'apadArtho'pi' padavRttyapratipAdyo'pi, tathA cAnvayasteSAM mate padavRttipratipAdyo na bhavatIti, sa ca vAcyAdibhinno vRttyapratipAdya ityarthaH / kathaM naitat sarveSAM matam ? ityapekSAyAmAha 'vAcya eveti / tathA ca vRttyapratipAdyo'rtho nAstyeva vAkyArthasyApyabhidhArUpavRttipratipAdyateveti na tanmate pRthak tasya vibhAga ityAzayaH / anvitAbhidhAna pradIpakAra ne "tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit" ityAdi kA kucha aura artha mAnA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai 'vRtti (abhidhA, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA) se pratipAdita artha-vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya-kI taraha vRtti se apratipAdita artha bhI vAkyArtha ke rUpa meM pratIta hotA haiM / usI kA dUsarA nAma tAtparyArtha hai / vaha (artha bheda meM) kyoM nahIM kahA gayA ? arthAt use artha ke prakAroM meM kyoM nahIM ginA gayA ? isalie kahate haiM taatpryaartho'pi"| sUtra meM 'keSucit' kahA gayA hai jisakA tAtparya hai kinhIM ke mata meM / artha kA eka bheda tAtparyArtha bhI hai, sabake mata meM nhiiN| vaha mata kinakA hai isa prazna kA uttara dete hue vRtti kAra ne 'AkAMkSA' yahA~ se lekara "abhihitAnvayavAdinAM matam" yahA~ taka kA grantha likhA hai| isIlie kArikA meM 'keSucit' jo saptanI bahuvacana hai, usako SaSThIbahuvacanArthaka mAnakara vyAkhyA karate hae vattikAra ne likhA hai "abhihita nvayavAdinAm" aura isIlie "anvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH" yahA~ bhI (prathamA) bahuvacana hI prayukta huA hai| bAta yaha hai ki abhihitAnvayavAda meM anvaya (saMsarga) padArtha nahIM hai, isIlie use apadArtha kahA gayA hai| yahA~ apadArtha kA artha hai pada kI vRtti (abhidhA Adi) se apratipAdya / unake (abhihitAnvayavAdiyoM ke) mata meM anvaya padavRtti (abhidhAdi se) pratItiyogya nahIM mAnA gayA hai| (isalie) vaha (unake mata meM) vAcya lakSyAdi se bhinna hai; kyoMki vaha vRtti se pratipAdya nahIM hai| yaha mata sabhI kA kyoM nahIM hai? isa jijJAsA kI zAnti ke lie kahate haiM-'vAcya eva' ityAdi / arthAt mImAMsakoM meM bhI prabhAkara guru Adi kA eka dala aisA hai, jinheM anvitAbhidhAnavAdI kahate haiM ve anvita kA hI abhidhAna mAnate haiN| isalie unake mata meM vAkyArtha vAcya hI hai, na ki tAtparyArtha / isalie artha kA cauthA bhedatAtparyArtha-mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isalie yaha mata sabakA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| pradIpakAra kA Azaya yaha hai ki zAbdabodha meM bhAsita honevAlA koI artha aisA nahIM hai jo vRtti se pratipAdita na hotA ho| vAkyArtha kI bhI abhidhAvati se hI pratIti hotI hai; isalie vAkyArtha bhI vAcya hI hai| ata: vAkyArtha ko artha kA cauthA bhedatAtparyArtha mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| 'anvitAbhidhAnavAdinaH" ke Age 'vadanti' isa kriyA kA zeSa yA adhyAhAra mAnanA caahie| isa taraha yahAM bhI bahavacana ke AjAne se pUrvamata ke sammAna kA jo tAtparya nikAlA gayA thA; vaha bhI nirmUla pramANita ho gyaa| donoM matoM ke strIkartAoM ke lie bahavacana ke prayoga ke kAraNa kisa mata kI ora mammaTa kA adhika jhakAba hai| yaha siddha nahIM hotaa| bahavacana ke prayoga ko AdhAra banAkara kisI ekamata ko mammaTa kA apanA mata nahIM batAyA jA sktaa|

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dvitIya ullAsaH [sU. 8] sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAM vyajakatvamapoSyate / vAdina ityatra vadantIti zeSaH / agre vAcyavyaJjakatAyAM vAkyArthasyaivodAharaNAdatrAgauravaM vyaJjanAnIcityAditi vyAcakSate ? nanvarthasyApi vyaJjanAvRttyAzrayatvena tadvibhAgaprAthamyamayuktaM zabdopasthApitArthasyaiva vyaJjakatvaM na pUnaranumAnAdyapasthApitasyApIti zabdAnAmAvazyakatvAt tada vyaJjanayavopapattau kimarthavyaJjanAsvIkAreNetyataH / (sUtra-8) 'sarveSA'miti-etacchabdavizeSaNaM sarveSAmarthAnAmiti ca vyadhikaraNe SaSThyau , tenaika isake viparIta Age (sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAM vyaJjakatvamapISyate) isakI vRtti meM vAcya-ThAjakatA ke udAharaNa meM vAkyArtha ko hI vAcya mAnakara udAharaNa diyA gayA hai / arthAt vAcya-vyajakatA kA jo udAharaNa diyA gayA hai; vahA~ vAstava meM vAkyArtha- vya katA hI hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki mammaTa vAkyArtha ko vAcya hI mAnate the| isa taraha (anvitAbhidhAnavAda meM) jo gaurava dikhAyA gayA thA; vaha nahIM hai| yadi gaurava hotA to mammaTa vAkyArthavyajakatA ko "vAcyasya yathA' zabda ke dvArA vAcya-vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa kaise dete ? isa taraha pradIpakAra ne 'anvitAbhidhAnavAda' ko hI adhika ukti saMgata aura mammaTAbhimata svIkAra kiyA hai| avasara saMgati ('nanvarthasyApI'ti) - artha bhI vyaJjanA-batti kA Azraya hai| isalie artha-vibhAga ko jo prAthamikatA dI gayI hai; vaha ayukta jAna par3atI hai| zabda se upasthApita artha ko hI vyajaka mAna sakate haiM, anumAna yA arthApatti ke dvArA upasthApita artha ko vyaGajaka nahIM mAna sakate haiM, isalie vyajakatA ke udAharaNoM meM jaba saba jagaha zabda kA rahanA anivArya hI hai; tava zAbdI vyaJjanA se hI kAma bana jAyagA, ArthI vyajanA yA artha-vyaJjanA mAnanA vyartha hai isa prazna ke uttara meM kahate haiMtrividha zabdArthoM ko vyaJjakatA . "sarveSAm prAyazo'rthAnAM vyaJjakatvamadhISyate" isakA tAtparya bhinna-bhinna TIkAkAroM ne alaga-alaga DhaMga se likhA hai| 'pradIpakAra" ne kArikA meM Aye hue 'api' zabda kA sambandha "arthAnAma" ke sAtha karake artha kiyAhai'sabhI prakAra ke artha (vAcya, lakSya, aura vyaGgaya) bhI vyajaka ho sakate haiM / sabhI prakAra ke zabda (vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyajaka) to vyajaka hote hI haiM, artha bhI vyaJjaka hote hai / ' udyotakAra ne 'api' ko yathA sthAna rahane diyA hai| unake mata meM kArikA kA artha hogA- 'sabhI prakAra ke arthoM meM vyaJjakatA bhI hotI hai| vyaJjakatA kI avasthA meM bhI zabda vAcaka aura lAkSANika bane rahate haiN| aisA nahIM ki jo zabda yA artha vyajaka bana gayA vaha vAcaka yA lAkSaNika nahIM rhaa|' prastuta TIkAkAra ne "sarveSAm" ko zabda kA vizeSaNa mAnA hai aura 'sarveSAm' aura 'arthAnAm' donoM jagaha SaSThI ko byadhikaraNa meM SaSThI svIkAra kiyA hai| isa taraha isakA artha haA ki-'sabhI zabdoM ke arthAt paryAya rUpa meM svIkRta sabhI zabdoM ke dvArA upasthApita (pratIta) hone vAle jitane artha haiM unakI bhI vyajakatA granthakAra ko abhISTa hai| zAbdI aura prArthI vyaJjanA tAtparya yaha hai ki vyaJjanA do prakAra kI hotI hai 1-~-zAbdI vyaJjanA jo kisI zabda-vizeSa ke rahane para rahatI hai aura usake abhAva meM nahIM rahatI hai / jaise "unnata -payodhara" yahA~ payodhara zabda megha vAcaka hai aura 'stana'

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kAvyaprakAzaH paryAyatApannAnAM sakalazabdAnAmupasthApyA ye'rthAsteSAmapi vyaJjakatvamiSyata ityanvayaH / ayamarthaH"uNNaapaohare" tyAdau [kA.pra., 4 u., 58 udA.] payodharaparyAyA ye jaladajImUtamudirameghAdizabdAstairupasthApitasyArthasya na vyaJjakatvam, api tu payodharapadopasthApitasyaiveti bhavati tatra zabdasya vyajakatvam, tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAt, yatra tu yena kenacit paryAyazabdena tadarthopasthitau bhavati vyaGgayopasthitistatra zabdavizeSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAt, yatra ca yena kenacit paryAyazabdena tadarthopasthitI bhavati vyaGgayopasthitistatra zabda-vizeSAnvayavyatirekatyAgAdarthasyaivAnvayavyatirekatyAgAdarthasyaivAnvaya artha kA abhivyaJjaka / yahA~ zAbdI vyaJjanA hai kyoMki yadi payodhara zabda ko haTAkara megha artha ke vAcaka jImata, jalada Adi zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAya to yahA~ 'stana' artha kI abhivyakti nahIM hotii| isalie yahA~ kI vyaJjanA zabda-vizeSa (payodhara zabda) ke sAtha jItI hai aura usake sAtha hI maratI hai| isalie "tatsattve tatsattA tadabhAve tada mAvaH" rUpa anvaya-vyatireka ke kAraNa yahA~ kI vyaJjanA zAbdI vyaJjanA hai| 2-ArthI vyajanA jo kisI zabda-vizeSa . ke sAtha jItI maratI nahIM haiM; usakA anvaya-vyatireka artha-vizeSa ke sAtha rahatA hai, zabda-vizeSa ke sAtha nhiiN| jaise "mAtagRhopakaraNamadya" yahA~ 'mAtaH' zabda ko badalakara 'janani', 'gRhopakaraNa' ke sthAna para "sadana tathA sAmagrI" Adi koI bhI paryAya rakha deM to bhI vyaGgayArtha kI hAni nahIM hotii| isa taraha jahA~ zabdavyaJjanA paryAyaparivRtti ko sahana nahIM karatI; vahA~ ArthIvyaJjanA meM koI bhI paryAya rakhA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha jaise zAbdI vyaJjanA zabdAzraya hotI hai, usI taraha ArthI vyajanA aryAzraya hotI hai| ArthI vyaJjanA meM artha hI vatti kA Azraya hai| isalie artha ke vibhAga ko prAthamikatA denA ucita hI thA; kyoMki vyaJjanA vRtti kA Azraya jaise zabda hai vaise artha bhI hai / 'ayamartha' ityAdi (TIkA) isI bAta ko kahate haiM ki (zAbdI vyaJjanA meM) payodhara ke paryAya jitane jalada-jImUta-mudira aura meghAdi zabda haiM; unase upasthApita artha ko vyajaka nahIM kaha sakate haiM kyoMki ye zabda 'stana' artha ke pratipAdaka nahIM ho sakate) / isalie payodhara pada se upasthita hone vAlA artha hI vyajaka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ zabda ko vyajaka mAnA gayA hai| vyaGgaya artha usI (payodhara) zabda ke sAtha jItA aura maratA hai / arthAt vyaGgya artha kA anvaya (tatsattve tatsattA) aura vyatireka (tadabhAve tadabhAvaH) payodhara zabda-vizeSa ke sAtha hai| tat (payodhara) zabda kI sattA (vidyamAnatA) meM tat ('stana' rUpa vyaGgaya artha kI) sattA rahatI hai aura usa payodhara zabda ke aprayoga meM (megha artha ke vAcaka artha zabdoM ke rahane para bhI) usa vyaGgaya artha kA abhAva ho jAtA hai / zabda-parivartana ko nahIM sahana karanA zAbdI vyaJjanA kA svabhAva huA karatA hai| kintu jahA~ jisa kisI bhI paryAya zabda se artha kI upasthiti hone para vyaGgaya kI pratIti hotI hai vahAM (zAbdI vyaJjanA kI taraha) zabda ke sAtha vyaGgaya kA anvaya-vyatireka nahIM rahatA; api tu zabda vizeSa ke sAtha anvaya-vyatireka kA tyAga rahatA hai aura artha-vizeSa ke sAtha hI anvaya-vyatireka rahatA hai / isalie (ArthIvyaJjanA meM) artha hI vyajaka hotA hai aura vahIM vattyAzraya hone ke kAraNa artha-vibhAga ko prAthamikatA dI gayI hai (vatti-vibhAga ko nhiiN)| 1. sampUrNA gAthA yathA paMthina raNa etya sattharamatthi maNaM pattharatthale gaame| uNNa apagroha: pekhkhiUNa jai vasasi tA vasasu // pithika nAtra srastaramasti manAka prastarasthale grAme / unnatapayodharaM prekSya yadi vasasi tadA vasa // iti saMskRtam]

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15 dvitIya ullAsaH vyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAi vyaJjakatvamiti vRttyAzrayatvena tadvibhAgaprAthamyamanavadyamiti na sarvArthavyaktewJjakatvam, api tu vaktRboddhavyAdisahakArivizeSaviziSTArthavyakterevetyata uktaM 'prAyaza' iti / __nanu vRttyAzrayavibhAge prakrAnte kasyacidarthasyApi vyaJjanArUpavRttyAzrayatvamiti tasmin vibhajanIye tadanyavAcyAdInAM vibhajanamabhuktavAntimanuharatIti, ata Aha-sarveSAmiti, sarvazabdo'tra pUrvaprakrAntavAcyAditrayaparAmarzakaH, tathA ca vyaJjakatvamapi vAcyalakSyavyaGgayAnAmarthAnAM na tu vyaJjakanAmA tadbhinno'rthaH kazcidastIti sa eva vyaJjakavibhAga iti bhAvaH / ___ athavA nanu vRttyAzrayatvaM vAcyalakSyayoreva, vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatve'navasthApattiriti kathaM vAcyAdaya ityanena vyaGgayagrahaNamityata Aha-sarveSAmiti / tathA ca vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatvamastye kArikA meM 'prAyaza:' pada ke niveza kA prayojana batAte hae kahate haiM ki- 'kevala artha kI upasthiti hI vyaGgaya ke lie paryApta nahIM hotI; kintu vyaGgaya kI upasthiti ke lie vizeSa prakAra ke baktA, zrotA, kAku, prakaraNa Adi kI sahAyatA bhI apekSita hotI hai|' isI Azaya se 'prAyazaH' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / arthAt sabhI artha kI abhivyakti ko vyajaka nahIM mAna sakate kintu vaktA aura zrotA Adi ke sahakAra ke kAraNa vizeSa prakAra kI arthopasthiti ho vyaJjaka ho sakatI hai| 'nanu vRttyAzrayavibhAge' ityAdi (TIkA) kArikA meM 'sarveSAM' pada ke niveza kA prayojana batAne ke uddezya se pahale prazna karate haiM ki-vRttyAzraya ke vibhAga ke isa prakaraNa meM yadi koI artha jo vakta-boddhavya Adi ke sahakAra se sampanna hokara vyajaka ho rahA hai to vyajanArUpa-vRtti kA Azraya hone ke kAraNa usakA vibhAga karanA to ucita hai, kintu usa artha se bhinna vAcyalakSyAdi kA vibhAga karanA to 'abhukta-vAnti' kI taraha nimala aura prakaraNa-viruddha jaisA lagatA hai| jaise vamana (ulTI) meM vahI cIja giratI hai; jo khAyI gayI ho, yadi vamana meM koI aisI cIja gire jo khAyI na gayI ho to cintA kA viSaya bana jAyegA, usI prakAra aAkaraNika vastu (vAcya Adi) kA nirUpaNa yahAM cintanIya bana jAyagA aisA na ho, isIlie kArikA meM 'sarveSAm' pada kA niveza kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ 'sarva' zabda pUrva vaNita, prakaraNAgata vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaca tInoM kA parAmarzaka (bodhaka) hai| isa taraha yaha dhvanita huA ki vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya ye sabhI prakAra ke artha bhI vyaJjaka ho sakate haiM / kintu ye jina arthoM ke vyaJjaka hoMge; ve artha bhI vyaJjaka hI kahalAyeMge / vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya arthoM kI vyajakatA se yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki vyajaka nAma kA koI bhinna artha vahA~ A gyaa| jo vAcca yA jo lakSya yA jo vyaGgaya, vyaJjaka bana gayA vaha vAcya yA lakSya yA vyaGgaya se atirikta kisI anya nAma se abhihita hone kA adhikArI nahIM bana gayA / isalie vyaJjaka kA vibhAga vahI rahegA; koI nayA nahIM bnegaa| 'athavA nanu vRttyAzrayatvam' ityAdi (TIkA) athavA vRtti (bdhajanA) kA Azraya vAcya yA lakSya artha ko hI mAnanA cAhie vyaGgaya ko bhI (vyaJjanAvRtti kA) Azraya mAnakara vyajaka mAnane para anavasthA-doSa AjAyagA, kyoMki eka vyaGgaya ko dUsare vyaGgaya kA, dUsare ko tIsare aura tIsare ko caturtha vyaGgaya kA vyaJjaka mAnate jaayeNge| isa prakAra ananta vyaGgayavyaJjakoM kI kalpanA kI samApti.hI nahIM ho paayegii| isalie "vAcyAdayastadarthAH syuH" meM vAcyAdi pada se vyaGgya kA grahaNa kaise ho sakegA? isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM granthakArane yaha kArikA likhI hai, yaha bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa kArikA ne yaha batA diyA ki sabhI prakAra ke (vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya) artha vyaJjaka ho sakate haiM aura udAharaNa

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kAvyaprakAzaH veti tasyApi vRttyAzrayatvAnna vibhAgo'nupapannaH, vyaGgayavyaGgayasyApi tattve ceSTApattiH, ata evAgre nispandatvena vizvastattvamityAdinA vyaGgyadhArApradarzanam, sarvasya vyaGgayasyApi na tathAtvamiti nAnavasthetyAha-prAyaza iti / tadarthazcokta eveti / vastutastu nanu vyaJjakanAmApyartho'tiprasiddhastadavibhAgAd nyUnatvamityA ke dvArA ise pramANita bhI kara diyA hai| aba jaba vyaGgaya artha bhI vRtti (vyaJjanA vatti) kA Azraya hotA hai; taba "artha ke tIna vibhAga nahIM ho sakate" yaha kahane kI apekSA nahIM rhii| prathama vyaGgaya kI taraha dvitIya vyaGgaya yA / tRtIya vyaGgaya Adi yadi vyaJjaka hote haiM, to hoM, hameM unakA vyajaka honA abhISTa hI hai| isIlie Age "ua NiccalaNipaMdA" isa zloka kI vRtti meM vRttikAra ne vyaGgaya kI dhArA dikhAyI hai| vahA~ dikhAyA gayA hai ki 'balAkA (baka-paGkti) ke nizcala hone se usakI nirbhayatA (AzvastatA) lakSaNA se sUcita hotI hai / aura usa Azva tatva rUpa lakSyArtha se sthAna kA janarahita honA vyaJjanA se sucita hotA hai| isalie yaha saMketasthAna ho sakatA hai, yaha vyaGgaya, janarahitarUpa pUrvavaNita vyaGgayArtha se pratIta hotA hai| athavA janarahitatva rUpa vyaGga cArtha se yaha vyaGgayArtha bhI pratIta, . ho sakatA hai ki "tuma jhUTha bolate ho, tuma yahAM nahIM Aye the, yadi Aye hote to yaha balAka isa prakAra nizcala-nispanda nahIM baiThI rhtii|' isa taraha eka aGgaya se dUsarA aura dUsare se tIsare vyaGgaya kI pratIti kAvya meM aniSTa nahIM, apitu iSTa hI hai| sabhI vyaGgaya vyaJjaka nahIM ho sakate; isalie anavasthA-doSa kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, isalie kArikA meM kahA gayA hai 'prAyazaH' / usa (prAyazaH) kA artha batAyA jA cukA hai| prAyazaH kA artha hai bAhulyena, adhikatara yA jyAdAtara / kavi yahI cAhate haiM ki tInoM prakAra ke artha vyaJjaka hoM; parantu yaha icchA tabhI saphala hotI hai; jaba ki vizeSa vaktA yA vizeSa prakAra ke zrotA athavA prakaraNa Adi kI yojanA ho| isalie vyaGgaya ko vyaJjaka mAnane meM jisa anavasthA doSa kI sambhAvanA thI; usakA nirAkaraNa vakta-boddhavya-vizeSa ko kAraNa mAnane se ho jAtA hai| isa Azaya ko prakaTa karane ke lie granthakAra ne "prAyazaH" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| TIkAkAra kA mata vastutaH granthakAra ne yaha kArikA kisI aura Azaya se likhI hai aisA pratIta hotA hai / granthakAra ne dvitIya ullAsa ke prathama sUtra meM zabda ko hI vyaJjaka batAyA hai| kintu artha (vAcya, lakSya, aura vyaGgaya) bhI vyajaka hote dekhe gaye haiN| aisI sthiti meM zabdamAtra ko vyaJjaka batAkara chor3a dene se aura artha ko vyaJjaka ke eka bheda ke rUpa meM nahIM ginane se grantha meM nyUnatA A sakatI thii| usa nyUnatA ko dUra karane ke lie granyakAra likhate haiM 'sarveSAM prAyazaH, ityAdi / isa kArikA meM api zabda 'vyajakatvam' ke Age jur3A huA hai; use anvaya karate samaya 'sarveSAma' ke Age jor3anA caahie| isa taraha sUtra kA artha hogA-prAyaH sabhI arthoM kI vyaJjakatA (kaviyoM ko) abhISTa hotI hai| isalie siddha ho gayA ki jo dharma, arthatva dharma se vyApya dharma hai; vahI vibhAjakatAvacchedaka ho sakatA hai, usa dharma se yukta dharmI ko hI artha bhedoM meM ginAyA jA sakatA hai| vyaJjakatva dharma, arthatva kA vyApya dharma nahIM hai, apitu usakA vyApaka dharma hai| isalie vyajakatva rUpa meM artha kA vibhAga nahIM kiyA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI kA vibhAjana karate samaya hamezA yaha dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai ki bhAjaka bhAjya se choTA ho| bhAjya 15 hogA aura bhAjaka 5 tabhI tIna vibhAga karanA ucita hogaa| hama dekhate bhI haiM ki pakSI kA bheda 'kauA 'totA' 'mainA' Adi mAnA jAtA hai| pakSI vyApaka hai aura 'kauA' 'totA' 'mainA' Adi vyaapy| isalie pakSI kA bheda kauA, totA, mainA Adi ke rUpa meM kara sakate haiM, hama kaha sakate haiM ki pakSI kA eka bheda hai-'kauaa| parantu yaha nahIM kaha sakate haiM ki "kaue kA eka bheda hai pkssii|" isI taraha vAcyatva, lakSyatva aura vyaGgayatva ye tInoM dharma

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dvitIi ullAsaH zaGkyAha -- sarveSAmiti, apiH sarveSAmityantaraM yojyaH / tathA cArthatvavyApyadharmasyaivArthavibhAjakatAvacchedakatvaM vyaJjakatvasya cArthatvavyApakatvena tadavyApyatvAd na tena rUpeNa vibhAga ityarthaH / 17 athaivaM sati vAcyatvAderapyarthatvavyApakatvena tenApi rUpeNa vibhAgAnupapattiH, na ca vyaJjakatvasya zabde'pi sattvAnnArthatvavyApyatvaM vAcyatvAdeH tatrAsattvAdarthatvavyApyatvamapIti vAcyaM zabde'pi zabdapadavAcyatvAd arthatvasattvAcceti ced, na yatra gaGgArthatvaM tatra gaGgAzabdavAcyatvamiti na vyAptiH lakSyAdau vyabhicArAd yatra gaGgAzabdArthatvaM tatra vyaJjakatvamityatra ca na vyabhicAra iti vizeSavyApterAdaraNI artha kI apekSA vyApya dharma haiN| isalie yaha to kahA jA sakatA hai ki artha ke tIna bheda haiM-vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya / parantu vyaJjakatva-dharma arthatva-dharma kA vyApya dharma nahIM hai, apitu vyApaka dharma hai / kyoMki vyaJjaka zabda bhI hotA hai; isalie vyaJjakatva ke Azraya zabda aura artha donoM ho sakate haiM aura arthatva kA Azraya kevala artha ho sakatA hai / isalie kaue kA eka bheda pakSI hai; yaha jisa taraha nahIM kaha sakate vaise hI artha kA eka bheda vyaJjaka hai; yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / ataH vyaJjaka rUpa meM artha kA vibhAga nahIM batAnA grantha kI nyUnatA kA sUcaka nahIM hai| 'prathaivaM satItyAdi (TIkA) pUrva samAdhAna ko sadoSa batAte hue likhate haiM ki yadi vyApakatattva kA vibhAga mAnanA galata hai, to eka doSa yaha AyagA ki vAcya ko bhI artha kA vibhAga nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kyoMki vAcyatva dharma arthatva kI apekSA vyApaka hai / "vyaJjakatva to zabda meM bhI hai isalie vyaJjakatva ko arthatva kA vyApya nahIM kaha sakate kintu vAcyatva Adi dharma zabda meM nahIM haiM; kyoMki zabda vAcya nahIM hai; vaha to vAcaka hai; isa taraha arthatva dharma kI apekSA vAcyatva, lakSyatva aura vyayaGgatva dharma alpa-kSetravartI hone ke kAraNa vyApya dharma hai isa lie vAcya Adi ke rUpa meM artha kA vibhAga karanA ThIka hI hai" yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hogA kyoMki zabda pada kA 'vAcya' zabdarUpa 'artha' hai, isa lie vAcyatva zabda meM bhI hai| 'zabda' bhI 'zabda' zabda kA artha hI hai; isalie vAcyatva dharma artha kI apekSA vyApaka ho gayA athavA 'zabda' bhI 'zabda' zabda kA artha hai isalie arthatva zabda meM bhI calA gayA; ata: arthatva aura vAcyatva dharmoM meM se koI bhI dharma kisI kA na vyApaka rahA na vyApya; ve donoM samakakSa dharma bana gye| isalie jaise 'jala' kA 'salila' bheda nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; usI taraha artha kA isa prazna kA uttara dete hue likhA gayA hai ki arthatva vAcyAdi dharma kI kA artha hai vaha sanI vAcya nahIM hai / gaGgA zabda kA lakSyArtha hone ke nahIM hai| ataH arthava kI apekSA vAcyatva vyApya dharma huA aura isalie artha kA vibhAga vAcya rUpa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai / isI taraha gaGgA zabda ke jo-jo artha haiM, ve sabhI lakSya nahIM hai| pravAha bhI gaGgA zabdArtha hai parantu vaha lakSyArtha nahIM haiM / vAcyatvAdi bheda nahIM mAnA jAnA cAhie' apekSA vyApaka hai kyoMki jo-jo gaGgA zabda kAraNa tIra bhI artha hai, parantu vaha vAcyArtha isa taraha lakSyatva bhI arthava kA vyApya dha siddha hotA hai| yadi aisI vyApti mAne ki 'jahA~-jahA~ gaGgA- zabdArthatva hai; vahA~-vahA~ vyaJjakatA hai' to vyabhicAra nahIM hogA; kyoMki gaGgA zabda ke jitane artha haiM pravAha ( vAcya ), tIra (lakSya) aura zItatva-pAvanatvAtizaya 'vyaGgaya' sabhI vyaJjaka ho sakate haiM / jahA~ gaGgA pravAha kA varNana hogA (jaise gaGgA-laharI meM ) vahIM vAcyArtha bhAva ( bhakti) kA vyaJjaka hai / "gaGgAyAM ghoSa: " meM tIrarUpa lakSyArthaM zItatvapAvanatva kA vyaJjaka hai hI / zItatva-pAvanatvAdi bhI kahIM kisI artha kA vyaJjaka ho sakatA hai / jaise yahA~ zItatva-pAvanatvAtizaya hai; isalie garmI meM yahI raheMge aura bhagavAn kI upAsanA karegeM aadi| isa taraha vyaJjakatva aura arthatva meM vyApti hone se yadyapi koI bhI dharma vyApaka nahIM huA; kintu vyaJjaka to zabda bhI hotA

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kAvyaprakAzaH tatra vAcyasya yathA mAe gharovapraraNaM ajja hu raNatthi tti sAhigraM tumae / tA bhaNa kiM karaNijjaM emagra Na vAsaro ThAi // 6 // atra svaravihArArthinIti vyajyate / yatvAd zaityapAvanatvAderapi kvacid vyaJjakatvAditi madutprekSitaH pnthaaH| vibhAge zabdasya vyaJjakatvamarthasya vyaGgayatvamevoktaM kAvyalakSaNena tu saguNAvityanena guNAbhivyaJjakArthakena dvayorapIti virodhaparihArakatvenaitadgranthAvatAraNamiti paramAnandaprabhRtayaH / tatrASTame zabdAnAmivArthAnAM guNAbhivyaJjakatAnuktaH arthavyaJjakatAyAmasAMdRSTikatvaprayuktAsattAzaGkAprakSAlanametaditi RjavaH / mAe ti :-'mAtaH ! gRhopakaraNamadya khalu nAstIti sAdhitaM tvayA / tada bhaNa kiM karaNIyam evameva na vAsaraH sthAyI // 6 // gRhopakaraNam-annavyaJjanAdi, sAdhitaM-kathitam / na ca svaravihArArthitvasya vAkyArthavyaGgyatvena vAcyavyaGgyodAharaNatvAsaGgatiriti vAcyam, anvitAbhidhAnapakSe vAkyArthasyApi vAcyatvAt, abhi hai| isalie arthatva kI apekSA vyaJjakatva dharma vyApaka ho gyaa| ataH artha kA eka vibhAga vyaJjaka hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isa samAdhAna ko TIkAkAra ne svayaM kA udbhAvita mArga mAnA hai / "iti madutprekSitaH panthAH" / vibhAga karate samaya zabda ko vyaJjaka aura artha ko vyaGgaya hI kahA gayA hai| parantu kAvya-lakSaNa meM Aye hue 'saguNo' ko zabdArthoM kA vizeSaNa banAyA gayA hai| 'guNa' zabdArtha kA dharma nahIM hai, vaha to rasa kA dharma hai, isalie 'saguNoM' kA artha karanA par3egA-guNAbhivyaJjaka-zabdArthoM / isa prakAra vahA~ zabda kI taraha artha ko vyajaka svIkAra karanA hI pdd'egaa| tathA pUrvApara grantha meM virodha na raha jAya, isa vicAra se granthakAra ne yaha kArikA likhI hai-'sarveSAm prAyazo'rthAnAM vyaJjakatvamapISyate' / vibhAga meM zabda mAtra ko vyaJjaka mAnanA aura kAvya-lakSaNa meM "saguNoM" ke tAtparya ke rUpa meM zabda aura artha donoM ko vyaJjaka svIkAra karanA kucha aTapaTA sA lagatA thA; usako haTAne ke lie yaha kArikA likhakara granthakArane batA diyA ki kevala zabda hI vyaJjaka nahIM hai, apitu sabhI prakAra ke artha bhI vyaJjaka hote haiN| isa taraha "saguNo" ke tAtparya se tAla-mela biThAne ke lie isa kArikA kI racanA kI gayI hai aisA paramAnanda Adi TIkAkAroM kA mata hai| (Rju-sarala) daSTi rakhane vAle vidvAn to aisA mAnate haiM ki:-kAvya prakAzakAra ne aSTama ullAsa meM jahA~ zabdoM ko guNAbhivyaJjaka batAyA hai; vahA~ arthoM ko guNAbhivyaJjaka nahIM batAyA hai| isalie artha vyaJjaka hotA hai yA nahIM, isa prakAra kA sandeha ho sakatA thA, usake nirAkaraNa ke lie--usa zaGkA ko dhone ke lie yaha kArikA ikhI gayI hai| vAcya (kI vyaJjakatA) kA (udAharaNa) jaise-'mAe' tti ityaadi| . artha-he mAtaH, Aja ghara meM bhojana-sAmagrI nahIM rahI hai, yaha bAta tumane batalA dI hai| aisI sthiti meM yaha batAo ki kyA karanA cAhie, kyoMki dina aisA hI to nahIM banA rahegA (thor3I dera meM jaba sUryAsta ho jAyagA to phira kyA hogA? yahA~ (kahane vAlI vadhU) svacchanda vicaraNa ke lie (arthAt upapati ke pAsa) jAnA cAhatI hai, yaha bAta vyaGgaya hai|

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faat Me hitAnvayapakSe'pi padArthasaMsargarUpavAkyArthasya vyaJjakatve sambandhinaH padArthasyApi vyaJjakatvAt sambandhino'bhAve sambandhAbhAnAt / vastuto'nvayAMze zaktijJAnaM na kAraNam api tvAkAGkSAdijJAnasahakRtA zaktireva svarUpasatItyabhihitAnvayavAdArthaH / tathA ca zaktiviSayatA tatrAstyeveti so'pi vAcya eveti na kA'pyanupapattiH / vayaM tu svaravihArArthinItivaktRvizeSAbhidhAnaM tena svaravihArArthinIyamiti kRtvA vyajyate, mAtariti padenAlaGghanIyAjJatvaM tadvacanasthatvaM ca, gRhapadenAvazyakatvam, adyetipadena kAlAntaravyudAsaH, tvayetipadena kutarkAcchAyam - [danam] tad 'bhaNe'tipadena svotprekSAvirahaH, kiM karaNIyamitipadenAnyathAsiddhau svagamanAbhAvaH, vAsarapadena dinAvasAne kulAGganayA mayA tvadAjJayA'pyanyasadmani na gantavyamiti, idAnImevA''jJApayetyAdirityarthaH / athavA saGgamasamayajijJAsayA sannihitamupanAyakaM prati dine gate saGgamo bhaviSyatItyevamevetyAdinA vyajyate tadanugrAhakatayaiva ca mAtarityanenAlaGghanIyAjJatvaM tena ca svaniSThasaGketasthAnagamanAlasya TokA-'gRhopakaraNam' kA artha anna-vyaJjanAdi hai tathA 'sAdhitam' kA artha hai kathitam-arthAt "kahA" hai| 'svacchanda vihAra ke lie jAnA cAhatI hai' yaha vyaGgaya vAkyArtha se abhivyakta hotA hai vAkyArtha ko (abhihitAnvayavAda meM) vAcya nahIM mAnA gayA hai, aisI sthiti meM ise vAcyArtha-vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa denA galata hai, aisA nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki anvitAbhidhAnavAda meM vAkyArtha ko vAcya mAnA gayA hai / ataH anvitAbhidhAnapakSa meM vAkyArtha aura vAcya donoM paryAya-jaise haiN| isalie vAkyArtha ke vyaJjaka hone ke kAraNa ise vAcyArthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| abhihitAnvayavAda pakSa meM bhI jahA~ padArtha ko vAcya mAnA gayA hai; padArtha vahAM saMsargarUpa vAkyArtha yadi vyaJjaka hai to vAkyArtha ke sambandhI padArtha kI vyaJjakatA svataH siddha ho jAtI hai sambandhI ke abhAva meM sambandha kI pratIta hI nahIM ho sakatI hai| isalie padArtha ko; saMsarga yadi vyaJjaka hai to padArtha jo vAcya hai, vyajaka kaha sakate haiM / isalie pUrvokta zloka vAcyArtha kI vyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa ho sakatA hai| vastutaH abhihitAnvaya kA artha yaha nahIM hai ki abhidhA ke dvArA pratipAdita padArthoM kA anvaya aura vAkyArtha-bodha ke prati anvayAMza meM zaktijJAna ko kAraNa mAnanA anAvazyaka hai| kintu AkAMkSAdi jJAna se sahakRta 'zakti ko hI svarUpa sambandha se kAraNa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha AkAMkSAdi ke sahakAra se yukta zakti ko svIkAra karanA hI abhihitAnvayavAda kA artha haiN| isa prakAra vAkyArtha meM bhI zakti hai hii| zakti kA viSaya hone se vAkyArtha bhI vAcya hI hai / isalie vAkyArtha jahA~ vyaJjaka hai; vahA~ vAcya ko bhI vyaJaka mAna hI sakate haiN| ___ hameM to yahAM isa taraha vyaGgaya pratIta hote haiM- "svara vihAra karane vAlI hai" isa rUpa meM vaktR-vizeSa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isalie yaha (strI) svacchanda viharArthinI hai isa rUpa meM vyaGgaya mAnanA cAhie / "mAtaH" isa pada se usakI AjJA kI anullaMghanIyatA prakaTa hotI hai| vaktrI yahAM yaha dikhAtI hai ki vaha usakI AjJApAlinI hai / gRhopakaraNa pada meM prayukta gRha zabda se upakaraNoM ke lAne kI AvazyakatA aura adya (Aja) pada se dina meM lAne kA niSedha vyaGgaya hotA hai| 'tvayA' pada se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki tUne hI gRhopakaraNa kA abhAva batAyA hai, maiMne apanI ora se bAhara jAne ke lie koI managaDhanta kalpanA nahIM kI haiN| "tad bhaNa" 'isalie bolo' pada * se apanI icchA kA abhAva vyakta hotA hai| kyA karanA cAhie; yaha prazna yaha prakaTa karatA hai ki yadi tuma kisI aura upAya se kAma nikAlane kI bAta sujhA do to maiM nahIM jaauuNgii| "vAsara" pada se dhvanita hotA hai ki dina chipa jAne para kulIna strI hone ke kAraNa mujhe terI AjJA se bhI dUsaroM ke ghara nahIM jAnA cAhie isalie isI samaya mujhe (jAne kI) AjJA do ityAdi vyaGgaca artha pratIta hote haiM / ___ athavA saMgama (milana) ke samaya kI jijJAsA (jAnane kI icchA) se nikaTa meM Aye hue nAyaka ko dekhakara nAyikA ne isa zloka ke dvArA saMketa kiyA hai ki 'dina chipane para saMgama hogA' yahI yahA~ vyaGgaya hai| "mAtaH"

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20 lakSyasya yathA - kAvyaprakAzaH * sAhentI sahi suhasraM kharaNe khaNe dUmmizrAsi majbhakae / sabbhAvaNehakaraNijjasarisa dAva viraiyaM tumae // 7 // virahaH, gRhopakaraNamityanena na kevalaM mAturAjJaiva apitu mamApi tatsaMvidhAnautsukyamiti, adyetyanena divasAntare vyAjAntaraM nA''sIditi nA''gatam, adya tu vyAjabIjAbhAvAbhAva iti, tvayetyanena mayaiva kalpayitvA pratAraNA na kriyate'pi tu tvatsamakSa manayaivoktamiti tvayaiva zrutamiti, kiM karaNIyamityanena tvatsamIhitasAdhanArthamiyaM mayA'bhyarthyata eveti, bharaNetyanenopAyAntaraM ca yadi tava sphurati tadA tvayaivAneva prakArAntareNAhaM bodhanIyeti vyajyataM ityarthaM ityavalokayAmaH / 'sAhetI 'ti sAdhayantI sakhi ! subhagaM kSaNe kSaraNe dUnA'si matkRte / sadbhAvasnehakaraNIyasadRzaM tAvad viracitaM tvayA // 7 // 'sAdhayantI' - anunayantI, 'dUnA'si ' - duHkhitA'si, 'matkRte' - madartham / pratreti / atrApi lakSyaghaTito ityAdi pada usa vyaGgaya kI pratIti karAtA hai| jaise 'mAtaH ' pada se 'sambodhya kI AjJA zirodhArya hai' yaha prakaTa hotA hai aura isase siddha hotA hai ki mAtA kI AjJA milate hI vaha saMgama ke saMketa-sthAna para jAne meM Alasya nahIM karegI / "gRhopakaraNa" yaha pada prakaTa karatA hai ki sAmAna lAne meM na kevala mAtA kI AjJA hI preraka hai, apitu vaha svayaM bhI sAmAna juTAne ko utsuka hai / kyoMki vaha bhI apane ko parivAra kA eka jimmedAra sadasya samajhatI hai / 'a' se mAtA ke prati to yaha vyaGgya pratIta hotA hai ki Aja tumane ATA-dAla Adi sAmagrI kA abhAva batAyA hai; isalie pahale nahIM gayI / aura upapati ke prati yaha pratIta hotA hai ki aura dinoM meM koI bahAnA nahIM thA isIlie vaha saMketa sthAna para nahIM A skii| Aja to jAne kA kAraNa ( bahAnA ) mila gayA hai / 'tvayA' pada yaha sUcita karatA hai ki maiMne svayaM bahAnA banAkara dhokhA nahIM diyA hai; kintu tere ( upapati ke ) sAmane isI ne kahA hai aura tumane sunA hai / "kiM karaNIyam" isase terI icchA kI pUrti ke lie maiM isakI (jisako mAtA kahA gayA hai usakI ) prArthanA kara rahI hU~ / bhaNa (batAo) pada se pratIta hotA hai ki 'yadi tujhe koI aura upAya dikhatA hai to tuma (upapati) mujhe isI taraha kA koI anya prakAra batAo' ityAdi vyaGgagha yahA~ pratIta hote haiM / aura ' athavA ' ke dvArA batAye gaye prathama pakSa meM vyaGgaya vaktR-vizeSa ke kAraNa se prakaTa hotA dvitIya pakSa meM vaktR aura boddhavya donoM kA vaiziSTaya hai / dvitIya pakSa adhika camatkArI hai kyoMki usameM duharA vyaGgaya hai / lakSya (artha ke vyaJjakatva) kA (udAharaNa) jaise- 'sAhentI' ityAdi / arthAt -- he sakhi, usa sundara kA anunaya-vinaya bAra-bAra karatI huI tUne mere lie bar3A kaSTa uThAyA hai / ( aba isakI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ) mere prati apanI sadbhAvanA aura sneha ke sadRza jo tujhe karanA cAhie thA, vaha tUne kara dikhAyA / yahA~ 'sAdhayantI' kA artha hai 'anunaya-vinaya karatI huI' / dUnAsi kA artha 'duHkhitAsi' 'duHkhI ho' hai / 'matkRte' kA artha hai 'mere lie' / * gAthAcchandaH /

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24 dvitIya ullAsaH atra matpriyaM ramayantyA tvayA zatrutvamAcaritamiti lakSyam / tena ca kAmukaviSayaM sAparAdhatvaprakAzanaM vyaGgyam / vAkyArtha eva vyaJjakaH tena 'dUnA'si' ityatra harSitA'mi 'matkRta' ityatra svakRta iti, 'sadbhAve'tyatrAsadbhAveti, 'sneheti virodhilakSaNayA zatrutvamarthaH / madityAdi ca paryavasitArthakathanamiti vdnti| . vastutaH pravahannIrAyAM gambhIrAyAM nadyAM ghoSaH prativasatItyatra mImAMsakamate saptamyantapadatrayarUpavAkyena tIraM lakSyata iti vAkye lakSaNA, nyAyAdinaye ca nadIpada eva lakSaNA, tatpUrva padadvayaM cAnanvitArthakameva / citragumAnayeti bahuvrIhau citragorUpapadadvayAtmakavAkye yathA gopade vA'nyapadArtha lakSaNA, tadvadatrApi prathamArdhe subhaga-kSaNapadaM vihAyAvaziSTasakala-padAtmakavAkye tadvAkyastha sAdhayantIti'pade vA lakSaNayA ramayantItyarthaH, sadRzamityantottarArdhavAkye tatrasthasadRzapade vA lakSaNayA zatra tvamarthaH, ata eva ramayantyetyetAvataiva prathamavAkyArthaH zatra tvamityetAvataiva cottaravAkyArthaH prazito vRttikRtA / mahAvAkye cAvAntaravAkyArthasyottaravAkyArthavizeSaNatvenAnvayAniyamAt tAdRzabodhArthaM sAdhayantIti prathamAntaM atreti-yahAM para bhI lakSya artha se ghaTita vAkyArtha hI vyaJjaka hai| isase viparIta-lakSaNA ke dvArA "dUnAsi' 'duHkhI ho' kA artha hai prasanna ho| 'matkRte' mere lie kA artha hai 'apane lie' 'sadbhAva' aura 'sneha kA 'asadbhAva aura zatrutA' / "matpriyaM ramayantyA" ityAdi vRtti ke dvArA paryavasita artha arthAt phalitArtha kahA gayA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-'mere priya ke sAtha ramaNa karake tUne (mere sAtha) zatrutA dikhAyI hai, nibAhI hai, yaha lakSya artha hai, isase kAmuka viSayaka sAparAdhatva prakAzana vyaGgaya hai / yaha zloka vaJcitA nAyikA kI ukti hai| nAyikA kI bhejI huI dUtI ne usakA saMvAda nAyaka ke pAsa pahacAne ke bajAya svayaM usake sAtha svara-vihAra karake nAyaka ko dhokhA diyA hai| yahA~ kA vyaGgaya vaktA aura boddhA ke vaiziSTaya se hai| vastutaH pAnI ke pravAha vAlI gaharI nadI meM ghoSa vasA huA hai (pravahannIrAyAM gabhIrAyAM nayAM ghoSaH prativasati) yahA~ mImAMsaka ke mata meM 'tIna saptamyanta padAtmaka vAkya se tIrArtha lakSita huA hai' aisA mAnA gayA hai| (isalie mImAMsaka ke anusAra yahA~ vAkya meM lakSaNA mAnI jaaygii|) nyAyAdi siddhAnta ke anusAra nadI pada meM hI lakSaNA mAnI jAtI hai aura usa pada (nadI pada) ke pUrva ke donoM pada ananvitArthaka (asambaddhArthaka) hI mAne gaye haiN| "citragumAnaya" ityAdi bahabrIhi-ghaTita do pada vAle vAkyoM meM jaise gopada meM lakSaNA karate haiM aura citraguNa-viziSTa gosvAmI artha kA bodha mAnate haiM athavA 'anyapadArthe' meM lakSaNA mAnakara ukta artha karate haiM aura citra pada lakSaNA kA viSaya nahIM rahatA hai; usI taraha yahA~ (sAdhayantI isa zloka meM) bhI prathamArdha meM 'subhaga' aura 'kSaNa' pada ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI pada samUhAtmaka vAkya meM athavA usa vAkya ke 'sAdhayantI' isa pada meM lakSaNA karake 'ramayantI' yaha lakSyArtha nikAlanA caahie| sadRzam' taka ke uttarArdha zloka ke vAkya meM athavA usa vAkya ke 'sadRza' pada meM lakSaNA mAnakara 'zatrutva' rUpa lakSyArtha kI pratIti mAnanI caahie| isIlie vRttikAra ne "matpriyaM ramayantyA tvayA zatrutvamAcaritam" yahA~ 'ramayantyA' 'ramaNa karatI huI' isI rUpa meM prathama vAkyArtha arthAt "zatrutvam" zatrutA isI zabda se 'uttara vAkyArtha' dikhAyA hai| mahAvAkya meM avAntara-vAkyArtha (madhyavartI vAkyArtha) kA uttara-vAkyArtha ke sAtha vizeSaNa-rUpa meM anvaya ho isa prakAra kA koI niyama nahIM hone se usa prakAra ke bodha ke lie prayukta 'sAdhayantI' isa prathamAnta pada ko "ramayantyA" ke rUpa meM tRtIyAnta banAkara prastuta karake use tvayA kA vizeSaNa batAyA gayA hai, yaha merI buddhi kahatI hai| "tena ca' ityAdi vRttigata uttara vAkya ke 'kAmukaviSayam' kA artha hai

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vyaGgyasya yathA uya' NiccalaNippaMdA bhisiNIpattammi harei blaayaa| NimmalamaragaprabhAaraNapariTThiyA saMkhasutti vva // 8 // tatIyAntatayopadaya' tvayetyasya vizeSaNatayA pradarzitamityasmanmanISonmiSati / tena ceti kAmUkaviSayaM kAmukaniSThaM yat sAparAdhatvaM tatprakAzanaM tatpratItirityarthaH / pratItereva phalatvena vyaGgayatvaM na tu tadviSayasya, zaityapAvanatvAdau ca vyaGgayatvavyavahAro vyaGgayAyAH pratIteviSayatayA bhAktaH, zakyasya jJAnasya viSaye zakyatvavyavahAravaditi jJApayituM prakAzanapadopAdAnam, vastutaH kAmukaviSayeti prakAzanasyaiva vizeSaNaM, prakAzanaM ca jJApanaM tathA ca nAyamanyatrAnurakto vRthaiva bhavatyA mAnavatyA'yamupatApito'nunayamahatIti tvadvacanenAnunayArtha preSitAM tvAmevopabhuktavAniti tvayedAnImapi cetitavyamiti vyaGgayatvena ca mayA'taH paramasya mukhamapi na vilokanIyam, madanunayArthaM tvayA'pi na yatanIyamiti vyaGgayAntaramapi kaTAkSitamiti vayaM vilokyaamH| 'uyatti'-pazya nizcalaniHspandA bisinopatre rAjate blaakaa| nirmalamarakatabhAjanaparisthitA zaGkhazuktiriva // 8 // __ 'uyatti pazyetyarthe dezIyavacanaM, calanaM zarIrakriyA, spandastadavayavakriyA, vastuto nizcala'kAmukaniSTha' kAmuka meM sthita yat-jo, sAparAdhatva arthAt aparAdha hai, tat prakAzanam-usakI pratIti (vyaGgaya hai), pratIti hI phala hai isalie (phalavatI lakSaNA meM) pratIti ko vyaGgaya mAnanA cAhie pratIti ke viSaya (aparAdha ko, vyaGgaya nahIM mAnanA caahie| yahA~ yaha prazna uThatA hai ki yadi pratIti hI vyaGgaya hai, viSaya vyaGgya nahIM hai to "gaGgAryA ghoSaH" meM zItatvAtizaya aura pAvanatvAtizaya ko jo ki pratIti kA viSaya hI hai vyaGgya mAnane kI paramparA kaise calI A rahI hai ? isakA samAdhAna dete hue likhate haiM ki aisA vyavahAra lAkSaNika hai vastutaH pratIti vyaGgaya hai, usa vyaGagaya pratIti kA viSaya hone ke kAraNa usameM bhI vyaGagayavyavahAra hone lgaa| ThIka usI taraha jisa taraha ki jJAna ke zakya hone para bhI loga viSaya ko zakya mAnate haiM / arthAt ghaTa zabda kA zakyArtha ghaTa jJAna hai; viSayarUpa ghaTa nahIM. kintu loga miTTI ke bane pAtra ko jo jJAna kA viSaya hai; ghaTa pada kA zakyArtha mAnate haiM / (pratIti vyaGgya ke viSaya nahIM) isI bAta ko sUcita karane ke lie vRtti meM prakAzana pada kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH kAmuka viSaya yaha vizeSaNa prakAzana kA hai (vyaGgaya kA nahIM) prakAzana kA artha hotA hai 'jJApana', 'pratIti' / isa taraha yaha vyaGagadha nikalA ki 'yaha (nAyaka) dUsarI meM anurakta nahIM hai, vyartha meM hI Apane rUTha kara ise kaSTa pahu~cAyA santapta kiyaa| isalie usakA anunaya-vinaya karanA ucita hai isa tere (dUtI ke) kathana se prerita hokara anunaya ke lie bhejI gayI ta hI (dUtI hI) isase upabhukta huii| isalie tujhe aba bhI sAvadhAna rahanA cAhie, yaha yahA~ vyaGya hai| isalie maiM isake bAda usakA mukha bhI nahIM dekhUgI aura mere lie (mujha para use prasanna karane ke lie) tujhe bhI prayatna nahIM karanA cAhie ityAdi anya prakAra ke vyaGgaya bhI yahA~ sUcita hote haiM, aisI hamArI (TIkAkAra kI) rAya hai| vyaGgAyArtha (ke vyaJjakatva) kA udAharaNa dete hue-mammaTa ne likhA hai :--'ua' iti (saMskRtacchAyA) 'pazya nizcalaniSpandA' ityAdi / artha-dekho, kamala ke patte para nizcala aura binA hile-Dule baiThI haI balAkA (baka paMktinirmala (hare raMga kI) marakata maNi kI taztarI (pAtra) para rakhI huI zaMkha aura sIpI kI taraha pratIta hotI hai // 8 // 1. (uma0) iti pracalitaH paatthH| 2. gAthAsaptazatItyAkhyAyAM (gAthAkoze) prathamazatake caturthapadyamidam /

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dvitIya ullAsaH atra niSpandatvena zrAzvastatvaM " tena ca janarahitatvam, ataH saGketasthAnametaditi kayAcit kaJcitpratyucyate / athavA mithyA vadasi na tvamatrAgato'bhUriti vyajyate / 23 nirudyogeti sambodhanapadam, ata eva vRttau nispandatvenetyuktam na tu nizcalatvenetyato na paunaruktyam, 'zaGkhazuktiH' mahAzuktiH zaGkhaH zuktizceti vA, ata ityatra vA'thaveti vikalpaH, ata ityAdinA sambhoge'thavetyAdinA vipralambhe vyaGgyamupadazitam / mizrAstu - he nizcala ! tadanusandhAnarahita ! svayamevAgatya pazya, varAkI anukampyA matsakhI bisina patra rAjate nispandA sampratyeva nizceSTA agre tu na sthAsyatyeva, nirmaletyAdinA bisinIpatrasya tatsparzAditikAThinyaM zarIrasya ca virahAtirekAt pANDutvamityupamAvyaGgayena pANDutvena vipralambhAtizayo vyaGgaya ityAhuH / krameNeti / uddezakrameNetyarthaH / arthajijJAsArUpa - pratibandhakApagamarUpo'vasara yahA~ balAkA ke nispanda hone se usakI nirbhayatA aura AzvastatA ( lakSaNA se ) sUcita hotI hai / usa ( AzvastatA - rUpa lakSyArthaM ) se ( sthAna kA ) nirjana honA (vyaJjanA se) sUcita hotA hai / isalie yaha saMketa sthAna sakatA hai / yaha (bAta prathama vyaGgadhArtha se, phira vyaJjanA dvArA) koI nAyikA kisI se arthAta apane kAmuka se kaha rahI hai / athavA "jhUTha bolate ho tuma yahA~ nahIM Aye the / yadi Aye hote, to yaha balAkA aisI nizcala nispanda nahIM raha sakatI thI" yaha (prathama vyaGgyArthaM se vyaJjanA dvArA ) sUcita hotA hai / TIkArtha - ua yaha 'pazya' artha meM dezI bhASA meM prayukta hotA hai| calanA zarIra kI kriyA hai aura spandana zarIra ke avayavoM kI kriyA hai / isIlie yahA~ punarukta doSa nahIM huA / anyathA aneka sthAnoM para samAna artha meM prayukta ina donoM zabdoM ke prayoga se yahA~ punarukta doSa ho jaataa| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'calanA' kiyA-zarIra meM hotI hai usake hone para calanevAlA vyakti eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna ko pahu~ca jAtA hai / parantu spandana kiyA zarIra ke avayavoM kI kriyA hai / vaha sthAnAntara prApaka nahIM hotI hai| basa yA moTara jaba sTeNDa para yAtriyoM ko utArane aura car3hAne ke lie khar3I rahatI hai; usa samaya bhI usameM spandana kriyA rahatI hai; para calana-kriyA vahAM nahIM rahatI / isIlie kahA gayA hai 'ffeslane' yahA~ 'kiJciccalane' kA yahI bhAvArtha hai| isalie calanam aura spandanam ke prayoga meM bhI punarukti nahIM hotI / vastutaH 'nizcala' ise nAyaka ke lie prayukta sambodhana pada mAnanA cAhie aura artha karanA cAhie nirudyoga, AlasI / isIlie lie vRtti meM "balAkAyA nispandatvena" yahA~ nispandatva ko hI 'Azvastatva' vyaGgaya kA hetu kahA . gayA hai, nizcalatva ko nahIM / zaGkha- zukti kA artha hai mahAzukti yA dvandva samAsa ke dvArA zaMkha aura zakti bhI artha 'kiyA jA sakatA hai| 'athavA isa zabda ke dvArA jo pakSAntara batAyA gayA hai usakA sambandha 'ataH saGketasthAnametat' yahIM mAnanA cAhie, na ki pUrvavAkyoM meM / " ataH saGketasthAnametat" yahAM se lekara 'prati ucyate' taka ke vAkya se jo vyaGgaya dikhAyA gayA hai vaha saMmbhoga zrRMgAra se sambaddha hai aura "athavA mithyA" ityAdi vAkya se dikhAye gaye vyaGgagha kA sambandha vipralambha zRMgAra se hai / mizra kA kahA kahanA hai ki he nizcala arthAt usa (merI sakhI) kI khoja-khabara na rakhane vAle ! svayaM hI tuma Akara dekho, becArI merI sakhI jo anukampA ke yogya hai, bisinI ke patroM para so rahI hai, vaha abhI nisAnda (niSceSTa) ho gayI hai, Age to vaha rahegI hI nahIM, nahIM jIyegI /

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24. kAvyaprakAzaH evAtra saGgatiriti draSTavyam / svarUpaM lakSaNam / sAkSAditi / abhidhatte pratipAdayatItyarthaH / na tvabhidhayA pratipAdayatIti, vAcakazabdavyApArasyAbhidhAtvenAnyonyAzrayAd, vizeSaNAntaravaiyarthyAcca, etAvanmAtra ca ceSTAyAM lAkSaNikazabde cAtivyAptam, ataH saGketitamiti / asmAcchabdAdayamartho boddhavya ityevaMrUpasya kozakArAbhiprAyAtmakasaGketasya tatrAbhAvAd, IzvarasaGketaparatve vaktRyadRcchAzabde'vyApteH na caivaM sAkSAtpadavaiyarthyam, " yannAmA yatra caityAdiviSayo'pi sa tAdRza" iti vyava hitasaGketavizeSaviSayo isa pakSa meM bisinIpatra ko marakata-bhAjana kahane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki usa ( viyoginI) ke sparza se vaha (bisinI - patra ) ati kaThora ho gayA thaa| zarIra ko zaGkha- zukti kahane se pratIta hotA hai ki virahAdhikya ke kAraNa zarIra pANDu bana gayA thA isa upamA vyaGgaya pANDutA se yahA~ vipralambhAtizaya vyaGgaya hai / kramazaH vAcaka Adi (tIna prakAra ke zabdoM) ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate haiM / yahA~ kramazaH kA artha hai uddezya krama se / vAcakAdi ke svarUpa ke nirUpaNa meM artha-viSayaka jijJAsA pratibandhaka ho sakatI thI / parantu artha kA nirUpaNa kara dene ke bAda artha-viSayaka jijJAsA nahIM rhii| isa taraha yahA~ artha ke bAre meM uThanevAle jijJAsArUpI pratibandhaka kA nivAraNAvasara ho saMgati hai / 'svarUpa' lakSaNa ko kahate haiM / vAcaka kA lakSaNa dete hue kahate haiM : jo (zabda) sAkSAt saMketita artha ko batAtA hai; vaha vAcaka zabda kahalAtA hai| loka vyavahAra meM binA saMketagraha ke zabda se artha kI pratIta nahIM hotI hai / isalie saMketa kI sahAyatA se hI zabda artha-vizeSa kA pratipAdana karatA hai / aura isIlie jisa zabda kA jahA~ jisa artha meM avyavadhAna se saMketa kA grahaNa hotA hai, vaha (zabda) usa (artha) kA vAcaka mAnA gayA hai / mUla meM Aye hue zabda 'abhidhatte' kA artha hai 'pratipAdayati' arthAt bodha karAtA hai. batAtA hai ityAdi arthAt ""abhidhA se pratipAdita hotA haiM' aisA artha nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki aisA mAnane para anyonyAzraya doSa hogA / vAcaka zabda ke vyApAra ko abhighA kahate haiM / zabda jaba abhidhA vyApAra se artha vizeSa ko prakaTa karegA, taba usakA vyApAra abhidhA kahalAyegA / isa taraha anyonyAzraya- doSa ho jAyagA / yadi " abhidhatte" kA artha abhidhA vyApAra ke dvArA batAtA hai; yaha kareM to pUrvokta anyonyAzraya-doSa ke atirikta eka doSa yaha bhI hogA ki kArikA meM prayukta 'sAkSAt saGketitam' yaha vizeSaNa vyartha ho jAyagA / abhidhA vyApAra se pratipAdita jo artha hogA, vaha sAkSAt saMketita hI hogA; phira vaha vizeSaNa lagAnA vyartha hogA, kyoMki vyAvRtti ke lie vizeSaNa kA prayoga hotA hai / 'sAkSAt saGketitam' se lakSyAdi arthoM kI vyAvRtti abhISTa hai; vaha to 'abhidhatte' ke artha abhidhA dvArA pratipAdita yaha artha karane se hI ho jAyagA / yadi abhidhatte kA artha pratipAdayati 'bodhayati' batAtA hai itanA hI kareM to "sAkSAt saGketitam" artha ke isa vizeSaNa ke abhAva meM 'artham yaH abhidhatte sa vAcaka:' arthAt jo zabda artha kA bodha karAye use vAcaka kahate haiM, itanA-sA lakSaNa karanepara lAkSaNika zabda meM bhI lakSaNa ghaTa jAyegA; isIlie vaha vizeSaNa sArthaka hogA / " saGketitam " isa vizeSaNa ke rahane para lAkSaNikazabda meM ativyAptidoSa nahIM huA; kyoMki gaGgA zabda kA 'saGketa' tIra artha meM nahIM hai / isalie tIrArthaM gaMgA zabda kA saMketita artha nahIM huA / 'asmAcchabdAdayamartho boddhavya:' isa zabda . se. yaha artha samajhanA cAhie isakA tAtparya hai ki kozakAra ne jahA~ jaisA saMketa diyA hai; vahI artha saMketita artha mAnA jAyagA / naiyAyika loga yadyapi 'asmAcchabdAdayamartho boddhavya ityAkArA IzvarecchA zaktiH' arthAt isa zabda se yaha arthaM samajhanA cAhie isa prakAra kI IzvarecchA ko saMketa mAnate haiM, parantu hamane kozakAra ke abhiprAya ko hI saMketa mAnA hai; isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yadi IzvarecchA ko saMketa mAneMge to yadRcchA zabda ( mAnava kI marjI se rakhe gaye Dittha Davittha Adi) meM usa prakAra kI IzvarecchA na hone se avyApti doSa ho jAyagA / arthAt yadRcchA zabda meM vAcaka kA lakSaNa nahIM ghaTegA /

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vAcakAdInAM krameNa svarUpamAha dvitIya ullAsaH ( sU0 8 ) sAkSAtsaGketitaM yo'rthamabhidhatte sa vAcakaH // 7 // 25 pasthApanAya yatra caityAdipadaM prayuktam, tatra lAkSaNike'tivyAptivArakatvAt / dvirephAdipade tAdRzasya kozakArAdisaGketasya sattve'pi vyavahitatadviSayatvenaiva lAkSaNikatayA vyavahriyamANe'tivyAptivArakatvAcca / nanu tathApi tasya lAkSaNike'tivyAptiH, tatra sAkSAtsaGketasyaiva zakyasambandharUpalakSaNAtvena zabdasyApi tadviSayatvAt na ca zabdasya saGketAzrayatvena na tadviSayatvam, anyathA tasyApi zakyatvaprazna yaha uThatA hai ki vAcaka zabda ke lakSaNa meM sAkSAt pada kA niveza nahIM karane para bhI lakSyArtha aura yaGghArtha meM kozakArAdi dvArA saMketa nahIM karane ke kAraNa lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabdoM kI vyAvRtti ho hI jAyagI phira 'sAkSAt ' pada kA niveza kyoM kiyA gayA hai ? uttara yaha hai ki vaTa zabda kA saMketita artha baragada kA per3a hai| baragada ke per3a ke pAsa base hue gA~va ko bhI dUsarA artha bhI saMketita artha hai / yadi sAkSAt pada mAnanA pdd'egaa| isa taraha lakSaNa meM ativyApti caityAdi ( zmazAna meM citA ke sthAna para rope gaye loga 'baTa' gA~va yA 'baTa' kaha diyA karate haiN| prathama artha kI taraha kA niveza nahIM kareMge, to baTa zabda ko 'gA~va' artha kA bhI vAcaka doSa AjAyagA / isI bAta ko samajhAte hue TIkAkAra kahate haiM ki vRkSAdi ) jisa nAma kA hotA hai; usa sthAna ko bhI usI nAma se pukArate haiN| jaise banArasa meM daza azvamegha yajJa hone ke kAraNa ghATa kA nAma hI dazAzvamedha par3a gayA / pAkistAna para vijaya ke bAda dehAnta hone ke kAraNa lAlabahAdura zAstrI kI zmazAnabhUmi kA nAma 'vijaya ghATa' rakhA gyaa| ina udAharaNoM ke dvitIya artha meM zabda kA vyavahita saMketa hai, sAkSAt nahIM, vahA~ lAkSaNika vyavahita saMketita artha meM ativyApti doSa na ho isalie sAkSAt pada kA niveza karanA atyAvazyaka hai / eka bAta aura -- dvirepha pada ko kozakArAdi ne bhramara artha meM saMketita mAnA hai / kintu sampradAya ke anusAra yaha zabda bhramara artha kA vAcaka nahIM, apitu isa artha meM lAkSaNika hai 1 'dvirepha' zabda 'dvau repho yasmin zabde' isa vigraha ke anusAra bhramara zabda kA vAcaka hai; kyoMki do repha 'bhramara' isa dhvani meM ( zabda meM ) hai na ki bhauMrA artha meM / isa lie bAda meM 'dvirephaM pazya', 'dvirephaH kRSNo bhavati' ityAdi sthaloM meM 'tAtparyAnupapatti- mUlaka lakSaNA' kI jAtI hai aura 'bhramara' artha liyA jAtA hai / yadi vAcaka ke lakSaNa meM sAkSAt pada kA niveza nahIM kareMge to kozakArAdi kA saMketa hone ke kAraNa vAcaka kA lakSaNa 'dvirepha' pada meM bhI saMghaTita ho jAyagA / isalie sAkSAt pada kA niveza kiyA gayA jisase 'dvirepha' zabda meM, jo bhramara artha meM lAkSaNika mAnA jAtA hai, ativyApti doSa na ho| niveza karane para doSa nahIM huA kyoMki dvirepha zabda bhramara artha meM kozakArAdi dvArA sAkSAt saMketita nahIM haiM; kintu vyavahita saMketita hai| * lakSaNa meM taba bhI ( sAkSAt pada ke niveza karane para bhI) lAkSaNika zabda (gaGgAyAM ghoSaH ityAdi meM prayukta gaGgA zabda) meM ativyApti doSa ho hI rahA hai; kyoMki zakya sambandha ko hI 'lakSaNA' kahate haiM aura 'zakya- sambandha' kA artha sAkSAt saMketa hI hai isa taraha lAkSaNika zabda bhI zakya-sambandharUpa lakSaNA kA viSaya ho jAyagA; kyoMki sAkSAt saMketarUpa jo zakya sambandha hai, usakA viSaya zabda bhI hai| yadi Apa kaheM ki zabda to saMkata kA Azraya hai vaha saMketa kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA anyathA zabda ko bhI zakya (artha) mAnanA par3egA ? to isa kathana meM nimnalikhita yukti kA virodha hogA "gAmuccArayati" meM zabda hI zakya hai; artha nahIM kyoMki artha kA uccAraNa nahIM ho sakatA / go pada kiraNa, pRthvI, indriya, gAya Adi anekArthaka hone ke

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26 kAvyaprakAzaH ihAgRhItasaGketasya zabdasyArthapratIterabhAvAtsaGketasahAya eva zabdo'rthavizeSa pratipAdayatIti yasya yatrAvyavadhAnena saGketo gRhyate sa tasya vAcakaH / prasaGga iti vAcyam, gAmuccArayatItyatra gopadasya nAnArthakatayA zabdavAcakatvena tasyApi sngketvissytvaat| atha saGketaviSayatAvacchadakena rUpeNa sAkSAtsaGketaviSayArthapratipAdakatvaM tadarthaH, tatra gozabdasya sAkSAtsaGketaviSayatAvacchedakazabdatvarUpeNa na gozabdajanyopasthitiH api tu gozabdatvenaveti nAtivyAptiH, na caivaM saGketaviSayatvamarthavizeSaNaM vyarthamiti vAcyam, granthakAramate 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa'ityAdau saGaketaviSayatAvacchedakarUpeNa gaGAtvAdinaiva tIropasthitestatrAtivyAptivArakatvAditi ceda, mevA chatriNo yAntItyAdyajahatsvArthalAkSaNike'tivyApteH, tatrApyetanmate chatritvenaiva sakalagantaNAmupasthiteH, tAtparyasattve yugapadvRttidvayavirodhAbhAvapakSe gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyAvityAdau ekArthalAkSaNikagaGgApadAdAvaparArthamAdAya lakSaNAtivyApteH, "bhadrAtmana' ityAdAvabhidhAmUlavyaJjake'tivyApteH, yadRcchAtmakazabdavadapabhraMze'pyAdhunikasaGketasattvena tatrAtivyAptezcetyato vyAcaSTe-iheti, tathA ca yasmin zabde yadA yadartha kAraNa (kisI artha kI upasthiti nahIM hone se yahA~ arthavizeSaNaka zabdavizeSyaka bodha bhI nahIM hotA kintu) yaha bodha zuddha zabdaparaka hai| isalie 'zabda' bhI zabda kA 'zakya' hotA hai / isa prakAra ativyApti doSa na ho isalie "sAkSAt saGketitaM yo'rthama" kA artha yaha karanA cAhie ki sar3aketa-viSayatAvacchedakarUpeNa sAkSAt saGketaviSayaka artha pratipAdaka hI vAcaka hai / go zabda se go zabda kI jo upasthiti hotI hai; vaha isalie nahIM hotI ki go zabda kA sAkSAt saMketa go zabda meM hai apitu sAkSAt saMketa gAya artha meM hai isalie saMketa kA viSaya gAya artha huA / usa artha kA avacchedaka zabdatvarUpa meM to gAya artha kI hI upasthiti hogI go zabda kI nahIM hogii| isalie vahA~ ativyApti doSa nahIM huaa| Apane jo vAcaka kA navyanyAya-zailI meM lakSaNa kiyA hai usameM artha ke sAtha 'sar3aketa-viSayatvam' yaha jo vizeSaNa lagAyA hai vaha yadyapi vyartha pratIta hotA hai parantu vaha vyartha nahIM hai kyoMki granthakAra ke mata meM 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' ityAdi sthaloM meM gaGgA zabda se hI tIra kI upasthiti hotI hai arthAt gaGgAyAM ghoSaH kA artha 'tIre ghoSaH" yahI hotA hai, gaGgAtIre ghoSaH yaha nhiiN| isa taraha tIra kI upasthiti gaGgAtvarUpasaGketa-viSayatAvacchedaka dharma se hone ke kAraNa ativyApti na ho jAya isalie artha meM vaha vizeSaNa lagAnA Avazyaka thaa| aisA mAnane para bhI 'chatriNo yAnti' meM ativyApti doSa hogaa| adhikatara chatradhArI aura kucha binA chatte ke jAnevAloM ko dekhakara kiye gaye isa prayoga ko lAkSaNika mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ 'ajahatasvArthA lakSaNA' hai / kyoMki yahA~ mukhyArtha kA sarvathA tyAga nahIM huA hai| vahA~ chatritva rUpa se hI sabhI jAnevAloM kI upasthiti hotI hai| isalie vAcaka kA navyanyAya zailI meM kiyA gayA lakSaNa bhI yahA~ saMghaTita hotA hai| dasarI bAta 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyauM' yahA~ gaMgAkA eka artha lakSya hai aura dUsarA artha vAcya / yahA~ gaGgA zabda meM vAcaka kA lakSaNa calA jAyagA; kyoMki pravAharUpaM artha kI yahA~ gaGagAtvena upasthiti hai hii| "bhadrAtmanaH" isa zloka meM jahA~ abhidhAmUlaka vyaJjanA mAnI gayI hai vahA~ bhI ativyApti doSa ho jaaygaa| yahacchAzabda kI taraha apabhraMza zabda meM bhI Adhunika saMketa ke vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA isIlie vRttikAra ne kArikA kI nirduSTa vyAkhyA "ihAgRhIta" Adi zabdoM se kI hai| isa taraha lakSaNa kA vAkyArtha yaha huA ki-jisa zabda meM jaba jisa artha ke lie sAkSAt saMketa kA grahaNa bodhajanaka ho, vaha usa samaya usa artha kA vAcaka hogaa|

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dvitIya ullAsa: viSayasya sAkSAtsaGketasya grahaH pratipattijanakaH sa tadA tasya vAcaka iti lakSaNavAkyArthaH, grahazca saGketatvaprakArako yathArthazca vivakSitaH, svaparalAkSaNike tattvena tadgraho na kAraNam, api tu zakyasambandhatvena graha iti na tatrA'tivyAptiH, apabhraMze ca saGketabhramaH kAraNam na tu tatprameti na tatrApyativyAptiH / 'yadA tade'ti karaNAcca nAjahatsvArthAyAM na cAbhidhAmUlavyaJjake sA / yadarthaviSayetikaraNAcca na gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyAvityatra tIre'pi vAcakatvaprasaGgaH / na ca yattvasyaikasyAbhAvAnna lakSaNAnagamaH, kasminnartha ki vAcakamiti ziSyajijJAsAnivArakasyAnanugatasyaMva lakSyatvAda, anyathA sarvasyava yatkiJcidavAcakatvena vAcakAdInAM lAkSaNikAdibhedo na syAditi yUktamutpazyAmaH / nanu saGketajJAnasya yahA~ 'graha' arthAt-bodha, saMketatva prakAraka aura yathArtha liyA gayA hai "gaGgAyAM mInaghoSau" yahA~ jahA~ sva (vAcyArtha pravAha) ke sAtha lakSyArtha tIra bhI hai, saMketatvena tIrarUpa lakSyArtha kI upasthiti nahIM hotI hai; kintu zakyasambandhatvena zakyArthapravAha ke sAtha sAmIpya-sambandha hone ke kAraNa usakA 'grahaNa hotA hai, isalie vahA~ ativyApti doSa nahIM huaa| apabhraMza 'gAya' Adi zabda kI arthopasthiti hone kA kAraNa saGketa-bhrama mAnA gayA hai isalie vahAM arthagraha pramA nahIM hai| isalie vahA~ bhI ativyApti doSa nahIM huaa| (lakSaNa meM) 'yadA' aura 'tadA' kA niveza kiyA gayA hai isalie abhidhAmUlaka vyaJjaka "bhadrAtmano duradhirohatanoH" ityAdi sthala meM vAcaka kA lakSaNa nahIM ghaTA aura na 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyau yahA~ tIrArthopasthApana ke kAraNa gaMgAzabda vAcaka mAnA gyaa| pravAhApasthApana kAla meM usa (gaGgA zabda) se tIra artha kI upasthiti nahIM hotI hai| isI taraha 'ajahata-svArthA' lakSaNA meM (jahA~ mukhya artha se yukta lakSya artha kI upasthiti hotI hai) bhI vAcaka kA lakSaNa nahIM ghaTA kyoMki jisa samaya meM vahA~ lakSya artha kI upasthiti hotI hai usa samaya ke pUrvalakSaNa meM hI saMketita artha kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai| jaise 'sArSapaM nArikelam aiGgudaJcetyAdIni tailAni hemante sukhAni' yahA~ taila pada se tila ke tathA sarasoM Adi anya vastuoM ke teloM kA bodha hotA hai| usa bodha meM kAlabheda hai; tila ke bodha-kAla meM anya teloM kA bodha nahIM hai| isalie anya tailarUpa lakSyArtha grAhaka zabdoM meM vAcaka kA lakSaNa nahIM ghttaa| . . yadyapi amidhAmUlaka dhvanisthala meM, ajahatsvArthA lakSaNA meM aura "gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyau staH' yahA~ kevala vAcyArtha kI hI upasthiti nahIM hai isalie vAcaka ke lakSaNa meM diye gaye doSa nahIM hoMge; aisI zaDA upasthita hotI hai| arthAt vAcaka zabda use kaheMge jahA~ kevala vAcaka kA lakSaNa ghaTegA, jisa zabda meM vAcya aura lakSya donoM aryoM kI upasthApana-zakti hone ke kAraNa donoM ke lakSaNa ghaTate haiM, use vAcaka nahIM mAnA jaaygaa| isakA uttara dete hue kahate haiM ki-ziSya yaha nahIM jAnatA ki kisa artha meM kauna vAcaka hai usake jJAna ke lie hI lakSaNa banAyA gayA hai / ataH ziSya kI 'kisa artha kA kauna zabda vAcaka hai ?' isa jijJAsA kI nivRtti ke lie banAye gaye lakSaNa kA lakSya pUrvanizcita vAcaka zabda nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt ziSya ko vAcaka kA pahale se jJAna nahIM hai| vaha to usa lakSaNa ko mAdhyama banAkara hI vAcaka kA jJAna kregaa| isalie vaha lakSaNa jahA~ ghaTa jAyagA, use vaha vAcaka mAna legaa| isalie vAcaka ke lakSaNa meM 'yadA' 'tadA' Adi padoM kA niveza karanA Avazyaka hai| yadi pUrvokta padoM kA niveza nahIM kiyA jAyagA to sabhI padoM meM kisI na kisI artha kI vAcakatA hone ke kAraNa vAcaka aura lAkSaNika padoM kA bheda nahIM dikhAyA jA skegaa| pUrvokta niveza karane para yaha doSa nahIM huA, kyoMki gaGgA zabda pravAha artha ke upasthApana kAla meM vAcaka hai aura tIra artha ke upasthApana kAla meM lAkSaNika / saMketajJAna ko (zAbda-bodha kA) hetu mAnane meM pramANa kA abhAva nahIM hai| kyoMki loka-vyavahAra meM binA saMketa ke zabda se artha kI pratIti na hone se saMketa kI sahAyatA se hI zabda arthavizeSa kA pratipAdana karatA hai (yaha siddhAnta nizcita hotA hai|) isalie jisa zabda kA jisa artha meM avyavadhAna se saMketa kA grahaNa hotA hai, vaha zabda usa artha kA vAcaka hotA hai| yahI batAte hue likhate haiM :- "agRhItasaGketasya" / isa taraha 'anvaya-vyatireka'

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25 kAvyaprakAzaH hetutve mAnAbhAvo'ta Aha- zragRhItasaGketasyeti / tathA cAnvayavyatirekAbhyAmeva saGketajJAnasyArtha - pratItijanakatvamiti bhAvaH / saGketasahAya eveti tad (j, / jJAnasahAya ityarthaH / pradIpakRtastu sAkSAdityabhidhAnakriyAnvitaM pratItyantaramadvArIkRtya pratyAyakatvaM ca tadartha: tena nAbhidhAmUlavyaJjakena vA'jahatsvArtha lAkSaNikena vA sva- paralAkSaNike'tivyAptiH, vyaGgayopasthitI prAkaraNika pratIterlakSyopasthito mukhyArthabAdhAnurodhena tatpratItervyavadhAyakatvAd, ata eva zakyalakSyobhayaparAllAkSaNikAdubhayopasthitau lakSyamAdAyAtivyAptira pAstA, yugapadupasthiterasambhavAd mAdhuryAdivyaJjakarephAdivarNe'tivyAptivAraNAya saGketitapadamiti prAhuH / ke dvArA hI nizcita hotA hai ki saMketa-jJAna artha-pratIti kA kAraNa hai| isalie saMketajJAna ko arthapratIti kA kAraNa mAnane meM anvayavyatireka hI pramANa hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki 'go' zabda kA saMketita artha jAnane para hI 'gAya' artha kI pratIti usa zabda se ho sakatI hai| jo vyakti go zabda kA saMketita arthaM nahIM jAnatA, vaha usa zabda ko sunakara bhI 'gAya' artha kI pratIti nahIM kara paataa| isalie tatsattve tatsattArUpa anvaya arthAt saMketa-jJAna ke rahane para artha - bodha hone tathA tadabhAve tadabhAvaH arthAt saMketajJAna ke abhAva meM arthabodha ke abhAvarUpa vyatireka se yahI nizcita huA ki saMketajJAna hI arthabodha kA kAraNa hai / vRtti meM likhita " saGketa sahAya eva" meM saMketa zabda ( lakSaNA ke dvArA ) saMketajJAna kA bodhaka hai, isalie 'saGketa sahAya eva' kA artha hai saGketajJAna kI sahAyatA se hI zabda artha kA vAcaka hotA hai| mUla meM jitanA zabda hai utanA hI artha kareM to artha ananvita ho jAyagA; kyoMki saMketa zAbdabodha meM sahAyaka nahIM hai; kiMtu saMketa kA jJAna sahAyaka hai / pradIpakAra ne kArikA meM Aye hue pada 'sAkSAt' kA anvaya 'abhidhAna-kriyA' arthAt 'abhidhatte' ke sAtha mAnA hai| isalie pradIpakAra ke anusAra 'ya: jo (zabda) sa ketita artha ko sAkSAt kahatA hai arthAt jo zabda kisI anya jJAna ko dvAra ( mAdhyama ) na banAkara saMketita artha ko kahatA hai, vaha zabda usa artha kA vAcaka hotA hai, aisA kArikA kA artha hotA hai|' isalie pradIpakAra kI vyAkhyA meM abhidhAmUlaka vyaJjanA, ajahatsvArthA lakSaNA aura svaparalakSaNA ke udAharaNoM meM ativyApti doSa nahIM huaa| kyoMki "bhadrAtmanaH" ityAdi meM abhidhAmUlaka dhvani kI upasthiti sAkSAt nahIM hotI hai kintu prakaraNa se Aye hue artha ko dvAra banAkara hotI hai / 'ajahatsvArthA lakSaNA' ke 'kuntAH pravizanti' Adi udAharaNoM tathA 'gaGgAyAM mInaghoSau staH' ityAdi svaparalakSaNA meM mukhyArthabAdha kI apekSA hone ke kAraNa usako mAdhyama banAkara lakSyArthaM AtA hai, isalie ativyApti nahIM hotI hai / kyoMki dhvanyartha aura lakSyArtha kI upasthiti zabda se sAkSAt nahIM hotI hai| isalie jo yaha kahate the ki - zakya aura lakSya donoM kI upasthiti karAne vAle lAkSaNika zabdoM meM lakSyArtha ko lekara, vAcaka ke lakSaNa ke ghaTita ho jAne ke kAraNa ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA, yaha bhI khaNDita ho gyaa| kyoMki eka sAtha donoM arthoM kI upasthiti nahIM hai / arthAt vAcyArtha kI upasthiti ho jAne para vAcyArtha meM bAdhA ko mAdhyama banA kara lakSya artha AtA hai; isalie lakSyArthaM kA zabda se sAkSAt abhidhAna nahIM hotA / kArikA meM saMketita pada kA niveza mAdhuryAdi vyaJjaka rephAdi varNoM meM ativyApti doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie kiyA gayA hai / yadi kArikA meM 'saMketita' pada kA niveza nahIM kiyA jAyagA; to vAcaka kA lakSaNa hogA "ya: artham sAkSAt abhidhatte sa vAcakaH" arthAt jo artha kA sAkSAt abhidhAna karatA hai, vaha vAcaka hai| aisI sthiti meM repha (lakAra) Adi varNa mAdhuryaguNa rUpa artha kI sAkSAt pratIti karate haiM, isalie ye varNa mAdhuryAdiguNoM ke

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dvitIya ullAsaH 26 idaM tu cintyate-'asmAcchabdAdayamartho boddhavya' iti kozakArAdyabhiprAyasya saGketatve kozakadirnAnAtvena lakSaNAnanugamaH, na ca kozaka dena lakSaNe praveza iti vAcyam, gaGgApadoccArayituricchAviSaye zaityAdAvapi gaGgApadastha vAcakatApatteH, na cAta eva sAkSAditi tadvizeSaNam, zetyAdau ta zakyaM lakSyaM ca bodhayitvA zaityaM bodhayatviti paramparayA tadabhiprAyo na sAkSAd ata eva na lakSyatIrAdAvapi tasya vAcakatvamiti vAcyam, pumicchAyA niyantumazakyatvAt, kiJca idantvazabdatvaboddhavyatvatadAzrayAdAvapi gaGgAdipadasya vAcakatvaprasaGgaH, teSAmapi tAzecchAviSayatvAt pravAhamAtra viSayatAyA aparyApteH / na ca tAdRzasaGketagraho yadarthaviSayakazAbdabodhe kAraNaM tadarthe 'sa vAcaka' ityukterboddhavyatvAdiviSayakazAbdabodhaM prati tAdRzasaGketagrahasyAkAraNatayA nAtiprasaGga iti vAcyam, gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyA vAcaka mAne jAyeMge; parantu haiM ye una guNoM ke vyaMjaka / ataH ativyApti doSa ho jaaygaa| isIlie saMketita pada kA niveza kiyA gayA / niveza karane para doSa nahIM huA kyoMki mAdhuryAdi meM inakA saMketa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| (yahA~) yaha vicAra prastuta karate haiM ki-"asmAcchabdAdayamartho boddhavyaH" isa zabda se yaha artha jAnanA cAhie isa rUpa meM pratipAdita kozakArAdi ke abhiprAya ko saMketa svIkAra kareM to kozakAra ke aneka hone ke kAraNa saMketa kA pUrvokta lakSaNa (vastu kA) ThIka jJAna nahIM karA skegaa| isa lie kozakArAdi kA lakSaNa meM samAveza nahIM karanA caahie| kozakArAdi kA lakSaNa meM samAveza nahIM karane para bhI, jahA~ gaGgA pada kA uccAraNa karanevAlA cAhatA hai ki yaha pada zaitya-pAvanatvAdi kA bhI bodha karAye vahA~ zaityAdi ko uccAraNa-kartA kI icchA kA viSaya hone se gaGgA pada ko zaityAdi kA vAcaka mAnanA par3egA isa taraha pUrvalakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa ho jaaygaa| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki isI doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie "sAkSAt" vizeSaNa kA niveza kara deMge arthAta "asmAt zabdAta sAkSAdayamoM boddhavyaH" aisA niveza karane para koI doSa nahIM hogA; kyoMki sabhI vaktA yahI cAhate haiM ki gaGgA pada zakyArtha (pravAha) aura lakSyArtha (tIra) artha ko batAkara bAda meM zaitya artha kA bodha karAye, isalie zaityAdi artha ke bodhana kI icchA paramparA-sambandha se siddha hotI hai, sAkSAt sambandha se nhiiN| isIlie lakSyArtha tIrAdi ke prati bhI gaGgA zabda vAcaka nahIM hogaa| kintu isa taraha pUrvokta lakSaNa ko nirdoSa batAne kI ceSTA nahIM karanI cAhie; kyoMki (AtmA kI) icchA para niyantraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| icchA ko kisI sImA meM sImita nahIM kara sakate haiM / isalie kumArasambhava meM kI pArvatI kahatI hai "manorathAnAmagatividyate' / aisI sthiti meM koI vaktA aisI bhI icchA kara sakatA hai ki "gaGgApadaM zaityamartha bodhayatu" aisI sthiti meM saMketa kA lakSaNa bahA~ ghaTa jAyagA aura ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA / "asmAcchabdAdayamoM boddhavyaH" isa prakAra kI icchA meM 'asmAt' meM idam sarvanAmatva kA, zabdAta meM zabdatva kA aura boddhavyaH meM boddhavyatva kA bhI samAveza ho gayA hai isalie inake AzrayAdi meM gaGagA zabda kA vAcakatva mAnanA par3egA jo ki galata hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki "asmAd zabdAdayamartho boddhavyaH" isa prakAra kI icchA ke viSaya ko yadi vAcaka mAneMge to isa icchA meM samAviSTa idamartha-zabda zabdArtha aura boddhavya zabdArtha kA vAcakatva gaGagA zabda meM ghaTita ho jAyagA, kyoMki ve bhI usa prakAra kI icchA ke viSaya haiN| pravAha mAtra meM hI vaha viSayatA paryApta nahIM hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki usa prakAra kA saMketagraha jisa artha ke zAbdabodha kA kAraNa ho; usa artha ke prati vaha vAcaka hai isa taraha boddhavyAtvAdi artha ke zAbdabodha ke prati gaMgA zabda kA saMketa nahIM hai isalie doSa nahIM hogA, to ThIka hai parantu "gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyau staH" yahA~ gaGgA zabda ke do artha tIra aura pUra ke ubhayaviSayaka jJAna

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kAvyaprakAza vityatra tIrapuraviSayakajJAnasyaikatvAt tIraviSayakajJAnaM pratyapi tAdRzasaGketajJAnasya kAraNatayA lAkSaNikagaGgAdipade'tivyApteH, ata eva sarasvatIccheva tAdRzI na saGketapadArthaH tadinchAyAstathAtve ghaTazabdasya paTe zaktatvApatteH tadicchAyA ekatvAt sarvaviSayatvAcca / na ca gaGgAzabdopahitatadicchA gaGgAzabdasya sambandho rUpanirUpitasamavAya iva rUpasyeti vAcyam, upahitatvasya dunirUpatvAt sAhityasya viSayatAyA vA'tiprasaktatvAt, icchAyAzcetananiSThatvena zabdasya tadanAzrayatayA zaktatAnApattizca, tasmAda vyavahArakozAdivyaGgayo'tirikta eva padArthaH saGketasaMjJakaH, sa ca gaGgAdizabdaniSTha: pravAhAdiviSayako na tIrazaityAdiviSaya iti nAtiprasaGga iti tadAzrayo vAcaka ityeva lakSaNamanavadyamiti dik / ___ apabhra'zAnAM vAcakatvalAkSaNikatvavyavahArAbhAvena zaktilakSaNayorabhAvena vyaJjanaiva vRttiriti kA svarUpa eka hai, isalie tIra viSayaka jJAna ke prati bhI usa prakAra ke saMketa jJAna ke kAraNa hone se lAkSaNika gaGagAdi pada meM ativyApti ho jaaygii| arthAt jahA~ eka hI pada vAcaka aura lAkSaNika donoM haiM aura donoM kA anvaya Age ke pada meM eka sAtha hotA hai jaise "gaGgAyAM ghoSamInI staH" yahA~ jahA~ tIra aura pravAha-viSayaka jJAna eka hai vahA~ "yadarthaviSayakazAbdabodhe yAdRzaH saGketagrahaH kAraNaM sa vAcaka:" aisA kahane para bhI doSa ho jAyagA; kyoMki vaktA yaha cAhatA hai ki gaGgA pada tIra aura pUra donoM arthoM kA bodhaka ho| isalie tIrapUrobhayArtha-viSayaka zAbdabodha meM pravAha viSayaka saMketagraha kAraNa hai hii| tathA tIrArthopasthApaka jo gaGgA zabda hai; usameM bhI vAcaka kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAyagA aura isa taraha sarasvatI kI icchA ko bhI saMketa nahIM mAna sakate; kyoMki sarasvatI kI icchA to eka hai aura sarvavastuviSayiNI hai isalie 'ghaTa' zabda ko 'paTa' artha kA vAcaka mAnanA par3egA?' yadi yaha kaheM ki jaise samavAya-sambandha ke eka hone para bhI ghaTa meM jo rUpa-nirUpita samavAya-sambandha hai vaha gandha-nirUpita samavAyasambandha se alaga mAnA jAtA hai; usI taraha gaGgA-zabdopahita sarasvatI kI icchA ko gaGgA zabda ke sambandha ke kAraNa alaga mAnA jAyagA; isI taraha ghaTa-zabdopahita sarasvatI kI icchA ko paTa-zabdopahita sarasvatI kI icchA se atirikta mAnane para koI doSa nahIM hogA to yaha ucita nahIM hogA, kyoMki icchAtvena sArI icchA eka hai usa icchA ke upahitatva (sImita viSaya kA) kA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| "gaGgAyAM mInaghoSau staH" ityAdi vAcaka aura lAkSaNika donoM zabdoM ke sAhitya meM vAcaka gaGagA zabda meM usa prakAra kI icchA kI sattA svIkAra karane para lAkSaNika gaMgA zabda meM bhI vAcaka kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAyagA kyoMki vahA~ eka hI gaGgA zabda vAcaka aura lAkSaNika donoM hai / isa taraha ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA / isI prakAra viSayatA bhI donoM-vAcaka aura lAkSaNika zabdoM meM hone ke kAraNa ativyAptidoSa ho jaaygaa| yadi Apa usa pUrva nirdiSTa icchA kA viSaya pUra vAcaka gaGgA zabda ko mAneMge to tIra lakSaka gaGgA zabda bhI usa icchA kA viSaya bana jAyagA aura vahAM bhI ativyApti doSa ho jaaygaa| tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki icchA to cetana kA dharma haiM taba zabda usakA Azraya nahIM ho sakegA isa taraha zabda ko zakta nahIM mAnA jA skegaa| icchArUpa zakti kA Azraya zabda nahIM ho skegaa| isa taraha yaha mAnanA atyanta Avazyaka hai ki vyavahAra, koza, vyAkaraNa, AptavAkya Adi se jJAta hone vAlA koI atirikta padArtha hI saMketa saMjJA prApta karane kA adhikArI hai / vaha saMketa gaGgAdi zabda meM rahane vAlA hai, pravAha usakA viSaya hai, tIra aura tyAdi usa saMketa ke viSaya nahIM haiN| isa taraha usake (saMketita artha ke) Azraya ko vAcaka kahate haiM; yahI vAcaka kA lakSaNa mAnanA cAhie / isa prakAra kA lakSaNa nirdoSa hai| 'apabhraMza' zabda ko na 'vAcaka' zabda kahA jAtA hai aura na 'lAkSaNika' / isalie apabhraMza zabda meM na zakti mAna makate haiM aura na lakSaNA / isalie (vahA~) vyaJjanA hI vRtti hai yaha paramAnanda ne mAnA hai; parantu unakA yaha kathana aprAmANika hai; kyoMki "mAe gharovaaraNaM" isa prAkRta bhASA ke padyArtha ko granthakAra ne vAcya batAyA hai| yadi saMskRtetarabhASA ke zabda vAcaka na hote to granthakAra pUrva padya ko vAcyArthopasthApaka kaise mAnate ?

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dvitIya ullAsaH wwwwwwwwwwwwwwww wwwwwwwwwwwwwww paramAnandaH, tanna, 'mAe gharovaaraNa'mityAdi prAkRtopasthitArthasyApi vAcyatayA granthakRtA proktatvAt / yattvapabhraMzasyAnekavidhatayA tatra tatra zaktikalpane'nantazaktikalpanAgauravamityekatra va saMskRte zaktiriti / tanna / saMskRtatvabhASAtvAdeH zaktatAnavacchedakatvena tattatpadatvasyaiva tattvena lAghavagauravAnavakAzAt / na cApabhraze zaktibhramAd bodhakatvam, vinigamanAvirahAt, vyavahArasya zaktigrAhakasya prAyazastatra va sattvAccetyapabhra ze'pi zaktirityAlaGkArikAH / / nanu ya eva vAcakaH sa eva lakSako vyaJjakazcetItarabhedasya vyavahArasya vA sAdhyatve zabdatvasyaiva. .... kisI kA mata hai,ki eka saMskRta zabda ke sthAna meM aneka apabhraMza zabda pAye jAte haiN| isIlie bhASyakAra ne kahA hai 'ekasya zabdasya bahavo'abhrazAH yathA gaurityasya gAvI goNI gotA gopotalikA ityevamAdayo bahavo'pabhraMzAH / ' arthAt eka zabda ke aneka apabhraMza pAye jAte haiM jaise gau zabda ke 'gAvI goNI gotA gopotalikA' ityAdi / isalie apabhraza meM zakti mAnane para aneka zakti kI kalpanA karanI hogii| ata: gaurava hogaa| isalie eka hI saMskRta meM zakti mAnanI cAhie? kintu yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki pUrvokta gaurava-lAghava taba hotA jabaki saMskRtatva yA bhASAtva ko zaktatAvacchedaka mAnate / parantu tattatpadatva ko hI zaktatAvacchedaka mAnate haiM isalie lAghava aura gaurava kI koI guJjAiza hI nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bhASA vizeSa meM yadi zakti mAnate taba to saMskRta meM kevala 'go' zabda hone ke kAraNa eka zakti mAnane se lAghava hotA aura apabhraMza meM gAvI goNI, gotA, gopotalikA Adi aneka zabdoM meM zakti mAnane se gaurava hotA / parantu zakti to pada meM mAnate haiM; isa lie gotA artha kA zakyatAvacchedaka gotA padatva hai aura gauNI artha kA zakyatAvacchedaka goNI padatva hai, isa taraha gaurava ke lie avakAza hai kahA~ ? eka bAta aura hai / eka artha ke lie aneka paryAya ke milane se bhASA samRddha mAnI jAtI hai / isalie yaha daSaNa nahIM hai| 'vAyu' vAcaka zabda saMskRta meM jitane haiM utane apabhraMza meM nahIM haiN| isalie pUrvokta prakAra ke lAghavagaurava ko prazraya dene para saMskRta meM zakti mAnanA hI gauravagrasta hogaa| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki 'apabhraMza' zabda se arthabodha zaktibhrama ke kAraNa hotA hai arthAt jaise andherI rAta meM Ter3hI-mer3hI rassI se logoM ko sarpabhaya utpanna hotA hai| vahA~ sarpa nahIM rahatA, parantu sarpa kA bhrama hI bhaya kA kAraNa banatA hai| usI prakAra apabhraza meM bodhakatA zakti nahIM hotI, parantu usase jo bodha hotA hai usakA kAraNa hai, zakti kA bhrama; to galata hogA kyoMki sAdhu zabda meM zakti hai aura asAdhu zabda meM zakti nahIM hai| isa kathana ko siddha karane ke lie koI yukti nahIM hai| isake viparIta yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki asAdhu zabda meM zakti hai aura sAdhu zabda se jo artha kI pratIti hotI hai vahI bhramavaza hotI hai| isalie vinigamanA (eka pakSa ko pramANita karane vAlI yukti) ke abhAva meM apabhraMza se zaktibhrama ke kAraNa arthabodha hotA hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| zakti ko grahaNa karAne vAlA jo vyavahAra hai, jise vidvAn zaktigrAhaka upAyoM kA ziromaNi batAte haiM. usase to prAyaH yahI siddha hotA hai ki apabhraMza meM hI zakti hai kyoMki samAja meM pracalita bhASA Aja apabhraMza hI hai| isIlie saMskRta par3hAne vAle yA saMskRta meM likhita granthoM kI TIkA karane vAle durUha arthoM kA bodha karAte samaya kahate aura likhate haiM-mayUraH 'moranAmnA prasiddhaH pakSivizeSaH / ' isalie apabhraMza meM bhI zakti mAnamA cAhie, aisA AlaMkArikoM kA mata hai| "saGketitazcaturbhedaH" isa kArikA kI avasara-saMgati batAte hue likhate haiM :-jo zabda vAcaka hai; vahI lakSaka hai aura vyaJjaka bhI vahI hai isa taraha (kisI zabda meM) yadi itarabheda siddha karanA cAheM yA vyavahAra ko siddha karanA cAheM to zabdatvarUpa hetu saba meM samAnarUpa se rahane ke kAraNa saddhetU nahIM ho skegaa| yadi

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....kAvyaprakAzaH hetoravikalatvena lAkSaNikavyaJjakamAtrabhedasya sAdhyatve bAdhitatvena ca viziSya tattacchabdapakSatAyAM sAmAnyataH saGketAzrayatvaM vyabhicArIti heturviziSya tattadviSayasaGaketAzrayatvarUpo vAcyaH, tathA cAmukazabdo'trArthe saGketita iti viziSya tadajJAnejJAnarUpAsiddhiriti tatparihArAya sambandhinaM saGketaviSayamupadarzayati vAcaka zabda ko pakSa banAkara usameM lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabda-bhinnatva siddha karanA cAheM, to hetu bAdhita ho jAne ke kAraNa anumApaka nahIM hogaa| isalie vizeSa karake tattacchanda (zabda vizeSa) ko pakSa banAkara anumAna karanA hogA; usa anumAna meM sAmAnyataH saMketAzrayatva ko hetu nahIM banAyA jA sakatA ; kyoMki vaha hetu vyabhicArI hetu hogA (saMketAzraya hote hue bhI gaGgA zabda lakSaka aura vyaJjaka bhI hai, isalie vaha hetu sAdhyAbhAvavAn meM vartamAna rahane ke kAraNa vyabhicArI hai / ) isalie sAmAnyataH saMketAzraya ko hetu na mAnakara vizeSa karake tattadviSayasaGketAzrayatva ko hetu mAnanA par3egA / ataH yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki amuka zabda isa artha meM saMketita hai; kyoMki vizeSa rUpa meM yadi yaha nahIM jAneMge ki kauna zabda kisa artha meM saMketita hai; to ajJAna ke kAraNa hetu asiddha nAma ke hetvAbhAsa kI zreNI meM ginA jaaygaa| isalie pUrvokta doSa ke parihAra ke lie isase sambaddha saMketa viSaya kA varNana karate haiM ki 'saGketitazcaturbhedaH' iti / 'saGketa-graha-vicAra satagraha kisa meM hotA hai isa prazna kA uttara aneka dArzanikoM ne vibhinna rUpa meM diyA hai| mImAMsaka jAti meM zakti mAnane haiM / kucha dArzanika vyakti meM hI saMketagraha mAnate haiM / naiyAyika jAti-viziSTa vyakti meM saMketa-graha svIkAra karate haiN| yadyapi vyavahAra-sAdhaka vyakti hI hai; 'gAM pazya', 'azvam Anaya' ityAdi sthala meM 'darzana' aura 'Anayana' vyavahAra kisI vyakti meM hI hotA hai isalie saGkata graha vyakti meM mAnanA ucita pratIta hotA hai kintu vyakti meM zakti mAnane se 'Anantya' tathA 'vyabhicAra' do prakAra ke doSa hoMge / jo zabda jisa artha meM saMketita hotA hai; usa zabda se usI artha kI pratIti hotI hai| binA saMketa-graha ke artha kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| isa lie vyakti meM yadi saMketa-graha mAneM to jisa vyakti vizeSa meM saMketa graha huA hai; usa vyakti vizeSa kI hI usa zabda se upasthiti hogI anya vyaktiyoM kI pratIti nahIM hogii| jaise 'go' zabda se eka gAya kI, jisameM ki saMketagraha haA hai pratIti hogI; anya gAyoM kI pratIti nahIM hogii| isalie anya vyaktiyoM (gAyoM) kI pratIti ke lie pratyeka go vyakti meM alaga-alaga saMketagraha mAnanA Avazyaka hogaa| aisI paristhiti meM go zabda se sabhI go vyaktiyoM meM alaga-alaga saMketagraha mAnane meM ananta zaktiyoM kI kalpanA karanI hogii| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki- vyavahAra se, vartamAna deza aura . kAla kI go vyaktiyoM meM hI saMketagraha ho sakatA haiM; bhUta-bhaviSyakAloM tathA dezAntara kI saba go vyaktiyoM meM saMketagraha sambhava bhI nahIM hai| isalie vyakti meM saMketagraha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| pUrvokta 'Anantya doSa se bacane ke lie yadi yaha kaheM ki- 'saba go vyaktiyoM meM alaga-alaga zakti-graha na mAnakara do cAra vyaktiyoM meM hI vyavahAra se saMketa-graha mAnege, to zeSa vyaktiyoM kA bodha, vahA~ saMketa-graha ke abhAva se nahIM hogA isalie vyabhicAra' doSa hogaa| saMketa kI sahAyatA se hI zabda artha kI pratIti karatA hai yaha eka mAnA haA niyama hai / yadi binA saMketagraha hue go vyaktiyoM kA bodha 'go' zabda karAyegA; to usa niyama kA ullaghana hone ke kAraNa 'vyabhicAra' doSa hogaa| vyabhicAra kA artha hai sarvamAnya niyama kA ullaMghana / tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki mahAbhASyakAra ne 'catuSTayI zabdAnAM pravRttiH' mAnA hai| isa taraha unake vicAra se zabdoM ke cAra vibhAga banate haiM-jAti zabda guNa zabda, kriyA zabda aura yahacchA zabda / yadi vyakti meM zakti mAneM to pUrvokta vibhAga nahIM kiye jA sakate; kyoMki vyakti meM zakti mAnane para gauH, zukla:, calaH, DitthaH Adi cAroM

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33 dvitIya ullAsaH (sU0 10) saGketitazcaturbhedo jAtyAdirjAtireva vA / yadyapyarthakriyAkAritayA pravRttinivRttiyogyA vyaktireva tathApyAnantyAd vyabhicArAcca tatra saGa keta: kartuM na yujyata iti gau: zuklazcalo Dittha ityAdInAM viSayavibhAgo na prApnotIti ca tadupAdhAveva saGa ketaH / 'saGaketitazcatabheda' iti / nana gaNAnAmekatve gaNazabdopAdhitvaM syAta tathAtve ca teSAM jAtitvApattau gotvAdinA jAtisaGkaraprasaGgAd, abAdhitotpAdavinAzapratItyasambhavo jAtivAcakabhedAnupapattizcetyaparituSyannAha-jAtireva veti / arthakriyA dohanavAhanAdirUpA, vyaktiH jAtyAdyAzrayaH, sarvAsu vyaktiSu zaktigrahasya kAraNatvAGgIkAre dUSaNamAha-prAnantyAditi, anantAnAM govyaktInAmekadopasthityasambhavena tatra saGketo grahItuna zakyata ityarthaH / nanu yatra kvacideva vyaktau zaktigraho'stu kAraNaM zAbde ca bodhe saGketAviSayIbhUtA api vyaktayaH padAd bhAsanta ityaGgIkAryamityata Aha-vyabhicArAditi, zaMktigrahAviSayIbhUtasyApi zAbdabodhaviSayatve vyabhicAreNa zaktigrahasya kAraNatvAnupapattirityarthaH, vyabhicArAd vyabhicAraprasaGgAt saGketagrahAviSayatvAvizeSAd azvAderapi jJAnaprasaGgAdityarthaH / nanu zabdoM se vyakti kA hI bodha hogaa| isa taraha 'go' zabda jAtivAcaka hai, 'zukla' zabda guNa vAcaka hai, 'cala' zabda kriyA vAcaka hai aura 'Dittha' zabda vyakti-vizeSa kA nAma hone se yahacchA-zabda hai isa prakAra kA vibhAga nahIM bana sakatA / vyaktivAda meM to ukta cAroM zabdoM se vyakti kA hI bodha hogaa| isa taraha isa kArikA kA artha hai-saMketita artha jAti, guNa, kriyA tathA yadRcchA bhedoM se cAra prakAra kA hotA hai / athavA (mImAMsakoM ke mata ke anusAra) kevala jAti hI saMketita artha hai / 'guNoM ko eka mAnane para guNa ko zabda kI upAdhi mAnA jAyagA / yadi guNa ko upAdhi mAneMge to vaha bhI jAti kI taraha ho jAyagA aura usakA gotva Adi ke sAtha sAGkarya ho jaaygaa| (yadi guNa vAcaka zabda ko) jAtivAcaka hI mAnanA cAheM to aisA bhI sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki jAtivAcaka zabda vaha mAnA gayA hai jahA~ utpatti aura vinAza kI abAdhita pratIti na ho sake, rakta Adi zabda to utpanna aura vinaSTa hone vAle guNa kI pratIti karAte haiM isalie unako jAtivAcaka se bhinna mAnanA cAhie, isalie "caturbhedaH" isa aMza se santuSTa na hokara dUsarA pakSa prastuta karate hue kahate haiM-"jAtireva vaa"| vyAkaraNa-darzana-sammata caturvidha saGketita artha kA vizleSaNa vRtti kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM- "arthakriyA kA artha hai dUhanA, vAhana bananA Adi / vyakti kI paribhASA hai 'jAtyAzrayaH' arthAt jAti kA Azraya vyakti kahalAtA hai / sabhI vyaktiyoM meM zaktigraha ko yadi zAbdabodha kA kAraNa mAneM to "AnantyAt" arthAta vyakti meM zakti mAnane para gopada se eka go kI upasthiti hogI ananta aura asaMkhya go vyaktiyoM kI upasthiti nahIM ho sakegI; isalie vyakti meM (vahA~) saMketagraha nahIM mAna sakate haiN| yadi yaha kaheM ki kisI eka go vyakti meM hI zakti meM hI zaktigraha mAneMge aura vahA~ usa zaktigraha ko arthopasthiti kA kAraNa mAnege kintu zAbdabodha meM jahA~ saMketa grahaNa nahIM huA hai, aise vyakti bhI pada se bhAsita ho jAyeMge, to aisA kathana vyabhicAra-doSa ke kAraNa anucita hogaa| jisa zabda kA jisa artha meM zaktigraha nahIM huA

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kAvyaprakAzaH nyAyanaye sAmAnyalakSaNayA sarvavyaktyupasthitAvAdyapakSe na zaktigrahAsambhavaH, antyapakSe'pi mImAMsakamate yaddharmavattayopasthite zaktigrahastaddharmAzrayasya smaraNagocaratvaM nAnupapannama, samAnaprakArakatvasya niyAmakatvAd ato vyaktizaktI doSAntaramAha-gauH zukla ityAdi, gozuklAdipadAnAM vyaktivAcakatve hai, usa artha kI bhI yadi zAbdabodha meM pratIti mAne to "tattsatve tatsattA" aura "tadabhAve tadabhAvaH" ke AdhAra para banAye gaye 'zaktigrahasattve arthopasthitisattA' aura 'zaktigrahAbhAve arthopasthityabhAvaH' isa niyama kA ullaMghana ho jAyagA / niyama ke ullaMghana ko hI vyabhicAra kahate haiN| isa vyabhicAradoSa ke kAraNa zaktigraha ko 'arthopasthiti' kA kAraNa mAnanA galata ho jAyagA / vyabhicArAt kA artha hai vyabhicAra (doSa) ke prasaGga se, arthAt vyabhicAra hone se vyakti meM zakti nahIM mAnI jA sktii|| jaise jisa go vyakti meM go zabda kA saMketagraha nahIM huA hai, usakA bhI yadi go zabda bodhaka hotA hai to go zabda se azvAdi kA bhI jJAna honA cAhie; kyoMki donoM (go vyakti-vizeSa aura azva) meM gozabda ke saMketagraha kA abhAva samAnarUpa se hai| vyaktivAda meM ananta zakti kI kalpanA kA jo doSa dikhAyA gayA hai| usameM aruci dikhAte hue likhate haiM ki "nana nyAyanaye"-nyAyadarzana meM sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsatti mAnI jAtI hai| usase eka ghaTa kA jJAna hone para ghaTatva jAtivAle sabhI ghaToM kA jJAna mAnA jAtA hai| usa sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsatti se eka vyakti kI upasthiti ke bAda usa vyakti meM vidyamAna sAmAnya (jAti) ke kAraNa sakala vyakti kI upasthiti hone se vyakti anantavAda pakSa meM bhI sakala vyaktiyoM kA zaktigraha asambhava nahIM hogA kintu sakala vyaktiyoM kA saMgraha sambhava ho jAyagA, isa taraha vyakti ke ananta hone ke kAraNa jo doSa diyA gayA thA usakA uddhAra ho gyaa| zaktigraha meM diyA gayA vyabhicAradoSa bhI nahIM hogA kyoMki mImAMsaka ke mata ke anusAra jisa dharma se yukta hone ke kAraNa upasthita kA zaktigraha hotA hai; usa dharma ke Azraya, smRti gocara hote hI haiM isalie ghaTatva dharma se yukta hone ke kAraNa ghaTa kI upasthiti hotI hai usa dharma (ghaTatva) ke Azraya (sakala ghaTa) smRti meM AyeMge hI, isalie koI doSa nahIM hogA / kyoMki "yatrayatra zaktigrahastatra tatra sAmAnya prakArakavyaktivizeSyopasthitiH" yaha niyama maaneNge| arthAta jahA~-jahA~ zaktigraha hogA; vahA~-vahA~ sAmAnyaprakAraka vyaktivizeSyaka upasthiti ko kAraNa maaneNge| pUrvokta kAryakAraNabhAva meM koI vyabhicAra nahIM hai / yadyapi isa taraha vyakti meM saMketagraha svIkAra karane para bhI Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa nahIM hoMge tathApi anya doSa hone ke kAraNa vyakti-zaktivAda nahIM svIkAra karanA cAhie, yahI dikhAte hue likhate haiM-yadi vyakti meM zaktigraha mAneM to "gauH zukla: cala: DitthaH" ityAdi / yahA~ go zabda jAtivAcaka hai, zukla pada guNa vAcaka hai, cala pada kriyA vAcaka hai aura Dittha pada gAya kA nAma hone se yahacchAtmaka saMjJA vAcaka hai / isalie 'sapheda raMga kI, calatI huI Dittha nAma kI gAya' isa prakAra kA bodha pratipadaviSayavibhAgapUrvakabodha hotA hai| vyakti meM zakti mAnane para cAroM padoM se vyakti kA hI bodha hogaa| isa taraha pUrvokta jAti zabda, guNa zabda, kriyA zabda, aura yadRcchAzabda nAma se prasiddha aura sarvAnubhUta viSaya-vibhAga nahIM bana sktaa| go zukla Adi sabhI pada (vyakti pakSa meM) vyakti-vAcaka hI hoMge, taba to ghar3A vAcaka "ghaTa: kalazaH" Adi paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI taraha unakA ekasAtha prayoga nahIM honA caahie| para ekasAtha prayoga hotA hai; isalie vyakti kI upAdhiyoM-jAti, guNa, kriyA, aura yadRcchA-meM zakti mAnanI caahie| 1. vyktyaanntypksse| 2. vybhicaarpksse|

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dvitIya ullAsaH upAdhizca dvividha:- vastudharmo vaktRyadRcchAsannivezitazca / vastudharmo'pi dvividhaH-- siddha: sAdhyazca / siddho'pi dvividha: - padArthasya prANaprado vizeSAdhAnahetuzca / tatrAdyo jAti: / 35 paryAyatvApattI saha prayogo na syAdityarthaH / yadvA viSayavibhAgaH prakArabhedastathA ca gopadAdijanyavyaktibuddhInAM prakArabhedo na syAdityarthaH / vastudharmaH svAbhAviko vastuno dharmaH, vaktriti vaktRcchopAdhika ityarthaH / prANaprada iti / prANapradatvaM yAvadvastusambandhitvaM, na tu yAvadvastusthAyitvam, nIlapItAdInAmapi nityatvena yAvadvastusthAyitvAt, tatsambandhaH kadAcidatyapi zyAmaM rUpaM naSTamityAdau samavAyanAzasvIkArAt etanmate ca na samavAyasyaikyamiti na pRthivyAM rUpasamavAyanAze jAtisamavAyanAzaH, na ca lAdyadhikaraNe rUpAderyAvadvastusambandhitvasyApi sattvAdativyAptiriti vAcyaM sarvasvAzraye yAvadvastusambandhitvasya tattvAditi dik vizeSaH sajAtIyebhyo vyAvRttirAdhAnaM buddhiH, prANapradatvameva vyavasthA athavA viSaya-vibhAga kA artha prakAra-bheda karanA cAhie; isa taraha vyaktivAda meM ina zabdoM meM prakAra - bheda nahIM hogA yA tAtparya mAnanA cAhie / ghaTaH aura zuklaH ina donoM padoM se upasthita padArtha kI buddhi meM jAti aura guNa vizeSaNa banakara ghaTita hote haiN| isalie donoM buddhi meM prakArabheda hai| isalie viSaya-bheda mAnA jA sakatA hai; lekina jaba padoM kA arthaM "vyakti" hI hogA, to buddhi sarvatra vyaktiprakAraka hogI aura isa taraha gopada, zuklapada, calapada aura Ditthapadajanya bodhoM meM prakArabheda nahIM ho sakegA / isalie vyakti meM zakti na mAnakara vyakti kI upAdhiyoM meM saMketagraha mAnanA cAhie / 'upAdhizca dvividhaH' ityAdi (mUla) upAdhi (mukhya rUpa se) do prakAra kI hotI hai ( 1 ) vastudharma (vastu kA yathArtha dharma ) tathA ( 2 ) vaktR-yazcchAsannivezita (vaktA ke dvArA apanI marjI se usa artha meM sannivezita) / vastudharma kA artha hai vastu kA svAbhAvika dharma aura vaktRcchAsannivezita zabda meM vaktA kI yaccchA ( khuda kI marjI) hI upAdhi hotI hai| vastudharma bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai (1) siddha aura (2) sAdhya | siddharUpa vastu dharma bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai-- eka padArtha kA prANaprada ( jIvanAdhAyaka) aura dUsarA vizeSAdhAnahetu (vizeSatA kA AdhAna karAne kA kAraNa ) / inameM pahalA arthAt vastu kA prANaprada siddha dharma jAti hotA hai| jaisA ki bhartRhari ne 'vAkyapadIya' nAmaka apane grantha meM kahA hai : gau svarUpataH na gau hotI hai aura na agii| vaha gotvajAti ke sambandha se hI go kahalAtI hai| isa taraha vastu kA prANaprada - jIvanadhAyaka vastudharma jAti kahalAtA hai / jAti meM prANapradatva jo mAnA gayA hai usakA kAraNa usakA ( jAti kA ) yAvadvastusambandhitva hai / jAti (ghaTatvAdi) usa prakAra kI jitanI vastue~ (ghar3e) haiM; una saba meM samavAya sambandha se rahatI hai| isalie sakala ghaTa vastusambandhI hone ke kAraNa jAti ko padArtha kA prANaprada mAnA gayA hai / yAvadvastusthAyI honA prANapratA nahIM hai / yadi jaba taka vastu hai taba taka sthAyI hone ke kAraNa prANapradatA mAneM to nIla-pItAdi guNa bhI nitya hone ke kAraNa yAvaduvastusthAyI haiM; isalie ve bhI padArtha ke prANaprada mAne jAyeMge / 9 yAvaduvastusambandhI honA hI padArtha kI prANapradatA hai aisA mAnane para koI doSa nahIM hotA; kyoMki guNakA sambandha vastu ke sAtha taba taka upasthita nahIM rahatA hai jaba taka ki vastu hai / usakA sambandha kabhI haTa bhI jAtA hai / "zyAmaM rUpaM naSTam " yahA~ Ama meM purAnA zyAmarUpa jaba naSTa gayA taba usakA zyAmarUpa samavAya bhI naSTa

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kAvyaprakAza ukta hi vAkyapadIye-"na hi gauH svarUpeNa gau pyagauH gotvAbhisambandhAtta gauH" iti| payati-'uktaM hI ti,-vAkyapadIyaM bhartRharikRto granthaH, svarUpeNa vyaktitvenaM 'na gauH' na govyavahAragocaraH, nApyagauH nApyagovyavahAraviSayaH, gotvAbhisambandhAdU gotvasamavAyAd, gauH govyavahAraviSayaH, agotvAbhisambandhAdagauriti ca zeSaH / zeSe cAgotvAbhisambandhAdagauriti zeSaH / / ___ vastutastu svarUpaprayukto na govyavahArazcet tadA tatprayukto'govyavahAraH syAdityAzaGkAyAmuktaM nApyagauriti, tathA ca svarUpaprayukto na ko'pi vyavahAra ityarthaH, kiM prayuktaH ko vyavahAra ityapekSAyAho gayA / isalie rUpa yAvadvastusambandhI nahIM hai| isa mata meM samavAya-sambandha eka nahIM hai kintu aneka hai| isalie jaba yaha kahate haiM ki "AmaghaTe pAkAnantaraM zyAmarUpaM naSTaM raktarUpaJcotpannam' athavA 'AmaghaTe pAkAnantaraM zyAmaghaTo naSTo raktarUpazcotpannaH" taba rUpa ke samavAya ke nAza ke sAtha-sAtha usameM rahanevAlA jAtisamavAya naSTa nahIM huA; kyoMki rUpa kA samavAya jAti ke samavAya se bhinna hai / isalie eka kA nAza hone para bhI dUsarA vidyamAna raha sakatA hai| jalAdi adhikaraNa meM rUparasAdi, yAvadvastusambandhI hai| arthAt jala meM zukla rUpa hamezA mAnA gayA hai isalie usakA samavAya-sambandha bhI jaba taka jala vastu hai taka taba sthita hai, isa taraha jala meM rUpa yAvadvastusambandhI hone ke kAraNa ho 'padArthasya prANapradaH" yaha lakSaNa ghaTa jaaygaa| kevala jAti meM saMghaTita hone ke lie banAyA gayA lakSaNa, jaba guNa meM bhI ghaTita ho jAyagA taba to ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA isa prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki yAvadvastu sambandhI kA artha yaha hai ki sabhI prakAra ke apane Azraya meM jo yAvadvastusambandhI hai vahI padArtha kA prANaprada dharma mAnA jAyagA / zveta rUpa, jala meM sadA rahatA hai kintu rUpa kA Azraya to pRthivI bhI hai, usameM to vaha sadA nahIM rahatA, isalie rUpa kA jo apane Azraya ke sAtha sambandha hai, vaha jaba taka vastu hai, taba taka nahIM rahatA, jaise "ghaTe pakve jAte zyAmarUpaM na tiSThati" Adi meN| (vizeSAdhAnahetu-guNaH) kI pada vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM ki- vizeSa kA artha hai sajAtIya (padArthoM) se vyAvRtti honA-pRthak kara denA, tathA AdhAna kA tAtparya hai buddhi / isa taraha jo zabda sajAtIya padArthoM se pArthakyabaddhi utpanna kara de use guNa kahate haiM / "rakto ghaTaH" meM raktaH pada nIla-pItAdi ghaTa se alaga buddhi utpanna kara detA hai| isalie vaha 'rakta' pada guNa vAcaka hai| 'uktaM ho ti (TIkArtha) jAti kI padArthaprANapradatA ko pramANita karate hue likhate haiM-vAkyapadIya meM likhA gayA hai ki gau svarUpataH na gau hai aura na agau|' vAkyapadIya bhartRhari kA likhA huA grantha hai| svarUpeNa kA artha hai "vyaktitvena", nagauH" kA tAtparya hai 'gau vyavahAra kA viSaya / ' nApyagauH kA artha hai 'aura na ago vyavahAra kA viSaya / ' gotva ke sambandha kA tAtparya hai 'gotva ke samavAya hone se gau hai arthAt go vyavahAra kA viSaya hai / 'agoH' kA artha hai agovAbhisambandha se hI koI "agoM" isa zabda ke vyavahAra kA viSaya hotA hai| vastuta: "nApyago" jo kahA gayA hai usakA tAtparya hai ki yadi svarUpa-prayukta 'go' vyavahAra nahIM hogA to tatprayakta 'ago' vyavahAra hone lagegA ? (jaise dhana nahIM hone se yadi koI dhanavAn nahIM kahalA sakatA to vaha nirdhana kahalA jAtA hai) isa zaMkA kI nivRtti ke lie likhate haiM "nApyagauH" isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki svarUpa prayukta 'go' yA 'agauM' donoM meM se kisI kA vyavahAra vahA~ nahIM hogaa| kisase prayukta kyA vyavahAra hotA hai? isa jijJAsA meM kahate haiM ki 'gotvAbhisambandhAttu gauH' gotva mAtra prayukta govyavahAra kA viSaya hotA hai / kisase prayukta vyavahAra hotA hai ? isakA uttara hai "gotva-prayukta" aura kyA vyavahAra hotA hai ? isakA uttara hai "govyvhaar"|

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ritIvalAsaH dvitIyo guNaH / zuklAdinA hi labdhasattAkaM vastu vishissyte| sAdhyaH pUrvAparIbhUtAvayavaH kriyArUpaH / muktaM gotvAbhisambandhAttu gauriti, gotvaprayuktagovyavahAramAtraviSaya ityarthaH, tathA ca nAdhyAhAraH nAgavi govyavahAro (?') na cAgavyagovyavahArasyAnupapattiriti pratibhAti / labdhasattAkaM jAtyAdinA viziSyate sajAtIyAd vyavacchidyate zuklA dinetyarthaH / na ca yathA gotvAdinA labdhasattAkaM vastu nIla: zukla ityAdinA guNena vyavacchidyate tathA zuklAdinA labdhasattAkaM vastu 'gauhaMsa' ityAdi jAtyA'pi viziSyata ityativyAptiriti vAcyam, kSaNamaguNo bhAva ityabhyupagamAd AdyakSaNe guNavattayA labdhasattAkatvAbhAvAt / pUrvAparIbhUteti / pUrvAparIbhUtAH kramikA avayavA ekadezA adhizrayaNAvatAraNAdayo yatra tAdRzI kriyA tavra pastadAtmaka ityarthaH, vastutaH pUrvAparIbhUtayA'vayavakriyayA ekadezakriyayA rUpyate - aisI sthiti meM adhyAhAra kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai kyoMki gobhinna meM govyavahAra nahIM hogA aura 'ago' meM "ago" vyavahAra kI anupapatti nahIM huii| ___ guNa kI paribhASA ko lakSya meM ghaTAte hue vRttikAra ne likhA haiM-'zuklAdinA hi labdhasattAkaM vastu viziSyate' zukla Adi guNoM ke kAraNa se hI sattA prApta vastu (apane sajAtIya anya padArthoM se vizeSatA ko) bhinnatA ko prApta hotI hai / go ke sAtha zukla vizeSaNa anya gauoM kI apekSA usakI vizeSatA yA bheda ko sUcita karatA hai| isameM labdhasattAka ke sAtha jAtyAdinA yaha jor3anA cAhie / 'viziSyate' kA artha hai sajAtIya padArthoM se pRthaka karanA arthAt jAti ke kAraNa vyavahAra meM apanI sthiti banAye hue ghaTAdi padArthoM kA paraspara bheda karanevAlA vizeSaNa guNa kahalAtA hai| jaise gotvAdi jAti ke kAraNa vyavahAra prApta vastu (go) nIla, zukla Adi guNavAcaka vizeSaNoM se sajAtIya gAyoM se alaga kI jAtI hai; usI taraha zuklAdi guNa ke kAraNa vyavahAra meM AyI huI zukla vastu 'go' 'haMsa' Adi ke kAraNa sajAtIya zukla vastuoM se alaga kI jAtI hai / isa taraha jAti ke lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa hone kI zaGkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki nyAyazAstra kA siddhAnta hai ki utpanna dravya eka kSaNa taka aguNa rahatA hai, isa lie Adi kSaNa meM guNavAn na hone ke kAraNa zuklAdi zabda vyavahAra meM labdhasattAka nahIM hai / jAti kA to artha hI hai ki 'jananena prApyate' janma ke sAtha hI jo prApta ho jAtI hai use jAti kahate haiN| isa taraha jAti sarvadA rahatI hai isalie vyavahAra meM usakI sattA tInoM kAloM meM hai| vastu dharma ke do bhedoM-siddha aura sAdhya-meM se siddha kA pUrNataH vizleSaNa karane ke bAda sAdhya kA vizleSaNa karate hue vRtti meM likhate haiM-'sAdhyaH pUrvAparIbhUtAvayavaH kriyArUpaH / sAdhya kA paryAya hai kriyaa| cAvala pakAte samaya 'pacati Adi zabda ke prayoga se jisa Age pIche kiye jAnevAle kriyA-kalApa (cUlhA phUkane, bartana rakhane Adi kriyA samUha) kI pratIta hotI hai, vaha sAdhya hai / vahI kahate haiM-pUrvAparIbhUtAH-pUrva aura aparabhAva (pahale aura pIche hone vAle) kramika avayava (eka deza) adhizrayaNa cUlhe para rakhane se lekara avatAraNa utArane taka kI kriyArUpa zabda, sAdhya haiM / isa prakAra pUrvokta zabda 'pUrvAparIbhUtAvayava" meM bahuvrIhi samAsa mAnA gayA hai, pUrvAparIbhUtA avayavA yasya (kriyArUpasya) saH / pUrvAparIbhUtAH meM pahale dvandva-samAsa aura phira cci pratyaya hai| pUrve ca apare ceti pUrvApare, apUrvApare pUrvApare sampadyante sma iti pUrvAparIbhUtAH / 1. atra pATho na samIcInaH / mUlapratI lekhane vikRti gata iti prtiiyte|

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kAvyaprakAzaH DitthAdizabdAnAmantyabuddhinirmAhya saMhRtakramaM svarUpaM vaktrA yadRcchayA DitthAdiSvarthevUpAdhitvena sannivezyata iti so'yaM saMjJArUpo yadRcchAtmaka iti / vyajyata ityrthH| tanmate ekava nityA kriyA kramavattAvad-vyApAravyaGgayetyabhyupagamAt, kecittu pUrvAparIbhUto'dhizrayaNAdiravayavo janako yasyA iti viklityabhiprAyeNeti yojynti| tattu guNakriyAyadRcchAnAM vastuta ekarUpANAmityuttaragranthaviruddham / yadRcchAtmakamupAdhi vyAcaSTe-DitthAdInAmiti / svarUpaM varNAtmakaM, antyA svajanyA yA viziSTabuddhiH tadgrAhyam, saMjJAzabdA hi svasvapratyakSAnantaraM svasvaviziSTAn dharmiNaH pratyAyayanti, naivaM gavAdipadAni, teSAM jAtyAdivaiziSTyena bodhakatvAt / vaidhAntaramAha sNhRteti| pUrvapUrvaprayogadarzanAt paraparaprayoga iti jAtyAdizabdeSu yaH kramastacchUnyamityarthaH / zabdasya tanmate dravyatvena yadRcchAzabde dravyamupAdhiH / vastutaH sAdhya vaha hai jo pUrvAparIbhUta kriyA arthAt eka deza kriyA se nirUpita hotA hai arthAt abhivyakta hotA hai / isa mata meM kriyA eka hI hai aura nitya hai vaha kramayukta una-una (cUlhA jalAnA, phUkanA, bartana rakhanA Adi) vyApAroM se vyaGgaya hotI hai yaha mAnA jAtA hai| 'kecitta' ityAdi (TIkArtha) koI-"pUrvAparIbhUtAvayavaH" kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra karate haiM-'pUrvAparIbhUta adhizrayaNa Adi avayava hai janaka jisakA, vaha viklitti (anna kA sIjhanA) sAdhya hai, isa prakAra isa paMkti kA artha lagAte haiN| parantu unakA yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yaha vyAkhyA kAvya-prakAza kI vRtti meM likhita "guNakriyAyahacchAnAM bastuta ekarUpANAm" isa grantha se mela nahIM khaayegii| yahAM batAyA gayA hai barpha, dUdha aura zaMkha meM 'saphedI', gur3a khIra, pAyasa, aura odana pAka meM 'pAka-kriyA' aura bAlaka, vRddha yA yuvaka Ditya meM 'Dittha' eka hai; jo kucha bheda hai, vaha Azraya bheda ke kAraNa hai, isalie avAstavika hai / yadi "pUrvAparobhUtAvayavaH" kA artha viklittirUpa sAdhya kareM to viklitti meM bheda hone ke kAraNa sAdhya kI ekarUpatA ko svIkAra karane vAlA mammaTa kA grantha paraspara viruddha ho jaaygaa| isalie mAnanA cAhie ki mammaTa ko yaha viklittyarthavAlI vyAkhyA mAnya nahIM thii| yadRcchAtmaka upAdhikI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM :-kisI padArtha yA vyakti-vizeSa kA nAma rakhane vAlA vyakti, rUr3ha zabda kA usa artha ke sAtha sambandha sthApita kara detA hai ki yaha vyakti isa nAma se bodhita hogaa| isa yahacchA (yA icchA yahacchA apanI marjI) se rakhA gayA Dittha Adi nAma (rUr3ha saMjJA) ko yadRcchAzabda kahate haiN| yaha to huI isakI sarala vyaakhyaa| pratipada vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai--svarUpam' kA tAtparya hai varNAtmaka svruup| 'antyabuddhinirNAhyam' meM samAsa hai 'antyA cAso buddhiH', antyA kA tAtparya hai svajanya arthAt antyajanya jo viziSTa buddhi usase grAhya / saMjJA zabda apanA pratyakSa (jJAna) karAne ke bAda sva-viziSTa (saMjJAzabdaviziSTa) dharmI (DityAdi) kA bodha karAte haiM / go, zukla, pacati ityAdi padoM kI sthiti kucha aura hai ve jAtyAdi vaiziSTaya se arthabodhaka hote haiN| arthAt go pada, gotva jAti viziSTa kA bodhaka hotA hai / isalie eka go meM saMketagraha hone para sajAtIya (sakala gAyoM) kA bodha ho jAtA hai| "Dittha" zabda isa taraha eka jagaha saMketagraha hone para anya Ditya kA bodhaka nahIM hotaa| jAtivAcakAdi zabda tathA yahacchAzabda meM eka aura asamAnatA hai| yadRcchAzabda saMhRtakrama hotA hai arthAta pUrva-pUrva prayoga ko dekhakara para para meM jAti-vAcakAdi zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai; jaise kisI ko gAya artha ke lie go zabda kA prayoga karate dekhakara paravartI vyakti sajAtIya pazu ke lie go zabda kA prayoga karatA hai, yaha krama yahacchA --- zabda meM nahIM hai| isa mata meM 'zabda' dravya hai isalie yahacchAzabda meM 'dravya' upAdhi hai| vahI kahA gayA hai:

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dvitIya ullAsaH taduktam-zabdai rebhiH pratIyante, jaatidrvygunnkriyaaH| cAturvidhyAdamISAM tu, zabda uktazcaturvidhaH // 1 // iti / subuddhimizrAstu yugapadanupasthiteSu varNeSu satsu kathaM tadviziSTabuddhirityata Aha-saMhRteti / atra hetarantyeti / antyavarNabaddhau prAtisvikasaMskAropanIteSa varNeSa satsa, yugapadapasthitau tadviziSTabuddhirityartha iti yojayanti / yattu antyaM vyavacchedyaM svalakSaNaM dharmanirAsasparzAd buddhidvArA niHzeSato grAhya, yasya tadantyabuddhinirgrAhya saMhRtakramaM jAtipratItyanantaraM vyaktipratItiriti kramazUnyaM svarUpaM dharmimAtra DitthAdizabdAnAmupAdhitvenArthopasthityanukUlatayA sannivezyata ityarthaH / tathA ca saMjJAzabde upAdhyantarAbhAvAd dharmimAtra tataH pratIyate, evamAkAzAdipadeSvapIti caNDIdAsaH, tat tuccham / vyaktInAmAnantyena tatra zakti parityajya tatra saMjJAzabde punastadAzrayaNenopAdhivividha ityAdinA saMjJAzabde'pyupAdhisvIkAreNa ca virodhAt, samAnaprakArakAnubhavasya smRtihetutvena padAd nirvikalpasmaraNAnupapattezca / na cAnubhave samAnaviSayakAnubhavatvameva smRtijanakatAvacchedakaM na tu samAnaprakArakatvamapIti vAcyam, ghaTe ghaTatvaprakAra zabdoM se hI jAti, dravya, guNa aura kriyA kI pratIti hotI hai| inake cAra bheda hone ke kAraNa zabda ke bhI cAra bheda mAne gaye haiM / / 1 / / iti / subuddhi mizra-ne saMhatakrama kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki-varNa uccAraNa ke sAtha naSTa ho jAte haiM isalie eka sAtha varNoM kI upasthiti nahIM ho skegii| aisI sthiti meM viziSTa buddhi arthAt ga, au aura visarga se yukta 'gauH' yaha buddhi kaise ho sakegI? isIlie kahA gayA hai ki "sNhRtkrmm"| yahA~ hetu batAte haiM :--"antyabuddhinirgrAhyam" / sphoTa kI prakriyA ke anusAra antya varNa kI buddhi meM pUrva-pUrva varNoM ke anubhava se utpanna jo saMskAra, usase sahakRta, antya varNa ke zravaNa se prativarNa ke saMskAra ke dvArA sabhI vargoM kI upasthiti ho jAne para g, au aura visarga viziSTa (gauH) kI buddhi ho jaaygii| subuddhi mizra kI isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra Dittha Adi yadRcchA zabda yadyapi pUrva-pUrva ke uccAraNa-pradhvaMsI hone se saMhRtakrama haiM, tathApi antima akSara kI zruti ke sAtha pUrva-pUrva vargoM kA saMskAra jur3A hone ke kAraNa bodhaka hotA hai| yahacchAzabda kA vaktA (nAma rakhanevAlA) apanI marjI se jisa artha meM sambandha sthApita kara detA hai, vaha yahacchAzabda usI artha ko batAtA hai| . caNDIdAsa ne "DitthAdizabdAnAmantyabuddhinirgrAhyam" ityAdi vRttilikhita pUrvokta paMkti kI vyAkyA isa taraha kI hai : isa mata meM antyam kA tAtparya hai-vyavacchedya / arthAt svalakSaNa hI (DityAdi zabda meM dharma ke nirAsatyAga ke sparza hone ke kAraNa) buddhi ke dvArA niHzeSatogrAhya hai jisakA, use hI antyabuddhinirgrAhya kaheMge arthAt DityAdi zabda meM svalakSaNa (Dittha kA svabhAva hI) pUrNatogrAhya hotA hai| DitthAdi zabda se hone vAlI pratIti ko saMhRtakrama arthAt kramazUnya bhI kahA gayA hai| go, azva Adi zabda se jAti kI pratIti pahale hotI hai aura vyakti kI bAda meM; yaha krama hai kintu DityAdi zabda se honevAlI pratIti isa pratIti se zUnya hai; yahA~ svarUpa mAtra kI arthAt dharmimAtra kI pratIti hotI hai| isa taraha yadRcchA zabda meM dharmimAtra ko artha kI upasthiti meM anukUla hone ke kAraNa upAdhirUpa meM mAnate haiN| jisa taraha saMjJAzabda meM kisI anya upAdhi ke nahIM rahane ke kAraNa usase mimAtra kI pratIti hotI hai, usI taraha AkAzAdi padoM meM bhI (samajhanA cAhie) caNDIdAsa jI kA yaha mata yuktiyukta nahIM hai| itanA hI nahIM mammaTa ke grantha se viruddha bhI hai| mammaTa ne vyakti ke anantabheda hone ke kAraNa Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa dekara vyakti meM zakti ko nahIM mAnA aura saMjJA

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40 kAvyaprakAzA kAnubhavena paTatvaprakArakasmaraNApatteH, na ca viruddhAprakArakAnubhavatvaM tathA, ubhayaviSayakAnubhavata ekamAtraviSayakasmaraNAnApatteH, na ca viruddhamAtrAprakArakAnubhavatvaM tathA', gauravAt, na ca samAnaprakArakatvAdInAma nanugamena ghaTatvaprakArakAnubhavatvena tatprakArakasmRtitvenetyAdinA pratyeka kAryakAraNabhAvakalpane'pi prakRte AkAzAnubhavatvena tatsmaraNatvenaiva tatkalpanamiti vAcyam, dravyatvaprakArakAkAzasmaraNaM prati, prameyatvaprakArakatadanubhavasya janakatvApatteH, nirvikalpakopasthitAkAze AkAGkSAjJAnAsambhavena zAbdabodhAnApattazceti dik / zabda meM zakti ko mAnA isalie unake vicAra meM vyakti aura saMjJA-zabda meM kucha antara honA cAhie; vaha antara hai saMjJA-zabda meM bhI upAdhi kA honA / jaisA ki unhoMne "upAdhi ke do bheda haiM" ityAdi paMkti ke dvArA saMjJA zabda meM bhI upAdhi svIkAra kI hai| mammaTa ke pUrvokta vicAra se viruddha hone ke kAraNa caNDIdAsa kA mata mAnane yogya nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi saMjJAzabda meM koI upAdhi yA prakAra na mAneM, to saMjJA pada se nirvikalpa smaraNa nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki smaraNa meM samAnaprakAraka anubhava ko kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| jaise rAma ko dekhakara lakSmaNa kA anubhava isalie hotA hai ki donoM meM dazarathaputratva Adi samAna dharma hai| Dittha pada se nirvikalpAtmaka smaraNa haA karatA hai / isalie kArya ko (smaraNa ko) dekhakara yahA~ kAraNa kA anumAna karanA par3egA aura mAnanA hogA ki Ditya meM kucha na kucha upAdhi hai| anubhava meM samAna-viSayaka anubhavatva ko hI smRtijanakatAvacchedaka maanege| kintu samAnaprakArakatva ko bhI smatijanakatAvacchedaka nahIM maaneNge| arthAt Dittha kA nirvikalpaka smaraNa hotA hai usakA kAraNa Dittha meM rahane vAlI koI upAdhi nahIM apitu Distha ke anubhava meM jo samAnaviSayaka anubhavatva thA, vaha hai, yaha svIkAra karane para saMjJAzabda meM upAdhi nahIM mAnane para bhI koI doSa nahIM hogA, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki samAna-viSayaka anubhavatva ko smaraNa kA kAraNa mAnane para ghaTa meM ghaTatvaprakAraka anubhava se paTatvaprakAraka smaraNa hone lgegaa| yadi "samAnaprakAra ke anubhava' ko kAraNa mAnate haiM to ghaTatva prakAraka anubhava se ghaTatvaprakAraka smRti arthAt ghaTa kI hI smRti hogI, paTa kI nhiiN| yadi yaha kaheM ki viruddhAprakAraka anubhava ko smRti kA kAraNa mAneMge, taba to ghaTatvaprakAraka anubhava (ghaTAnubhava) tathA paTatvaprakAraka smRti (paTasmRti) ina donoM meM prakAra, ghaTatva aura paTatva paraspara viruddha haiM isalie aisI smRti (ghaTAnubhava) se paTAnubhUti nahIM hotI hai to yaha bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para jisa vyakti ko ghaTatva aura paTatva donoM prakAra kA anubhava hai arthAt jise ghaTa aura paTa donoM kA anubhava hai, jise Aga aura pAnI donoM kA paricaya hai use viruddha prakAraka anubhava hone ke kAraNa eka viSaya kA smaraNa nahIM hogaa| yadi viruddha mAtrAprakAraka anubhava ko smRtijanakatAvacchedaka mAneM to jisa anubhava meM viruddha prakAra na ho, usase smRti hogii| ubhayaprakAraka anubhava meM kevala viruddha hI prakAra nahIM hai, vahA~ to anukUla dharma bhI prakAra hai isalie yadi pUrvokta doSa kA uddhAra karane kA prayatna kareM, to vaha bhI vyartha hogaa| ubhayaviSayaka anubhava se ekamAtra viSayaka smaraNa nahIM hogA aura yadi viruddha mAtrAprakAraka anubhava ko smRtijanakatAvacchedaka mAne to gaurava hogaa| samAnaprakAratva dharma anugatadharma nahIM hai arthAt vaha dharma aisA nahIM hai jisakA nizcita jJAna kiyA jAya / isalie ghaTabodha ke prati ghaTatvaprakAraka anubhava aura ghaTatva smRti donoM meM pratyeka ke kAryakAraNabhAva kI kalpanA karane para prakRta meM doSa nahIM hogaa| kyoMki yahA~ AkAza kA smaraNa AkAzAnubhavatvena nahIM hai kintu ghaTa-samavAyikAraNatvena hai| yadi AkAza kI upasthiti AkAzatvaprakArakAnUbhavatvena aura 1. smRtijanakatAvacchedakam /

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dvitIya ullAsaH "gauH zuklazcalo DitthaH' ityAdau "catuSTayI zabdAnAM pravRttiH" iti mahAbhASyakAraH / paramANvAdInAM tu guNamadhyapAThAt pAribhASikaM guNatvam / prAJcastu prathamAdivarNapratyakSe kiJcidabhivyaktaM caramavarNabuddhayA niHzeSato vyaGgacaM saMhRtakrama varNakramazanyasvarUpaM sphoTa: sa evopAdhiH, sa ca DitthAdipadajanyajJAne bhAsate, ghaTAdipade tu jAtyAdereva prakAratvAnnAyaM prakAraH / evameva cAkAzapadAdAvityartha iti prAhuH / svokte bhASyasammatimAha "gauH zukla" iti / nanu prANapradatvaM yAvadvastusambandhitvaM paramANutvAdInAmapIti kathamayaM guNazabda ityata AhaAkAzatvaprakAraka-smRtitvena hotI to usakA bodha hotA parantu aisA nahIM hai, isa prakAra kA kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para jahA~ dravya hone ke kAraNa dravyaprakAraka AkAza kA smaraNa hai usa dravyatvaprakAraka AkAza ke smaraNa ke prati prameya ke rUpa meM AkAzAnubhava ko janaka mAnanA Avazyaka ho jAyagA, isalie pratyeka ko kAryakAraNa bhAva nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| sAtha hI sAtha prakAratAzUnya AkAza kI upasthiti (AkAza kI nirvikalpa upasthiti) meM AkAMkSA-jJAna ke sambhava na hone se zAbdabodha hogA hI nhiiN| 'prAJcastu' ityAdi (TIkArtha) prAcIna AcAryoM kA mata yadRcchAzabda ke sambandha meM isa prakAra hai| DitthAdi yadRcchAzabda meM prathama, dvitIya Adi varNa kA pratyakSa (zravaNa) hone para kucha abhivyakti, aura antima varNa kA jJAna hone para pUrNa rUpa meM vyaGgya saMhRtakama arthAt varNakrama-zUnyAtmaka sphoTa hI upAdhi hai| usa sphoTarUpa upAdhi kI DitthAdi padajanya jJAna hone para pratIti hotI hai / ghaTAdi pada meM to jAtyAdi hI prakAra (banakara pratIta hotA) hai, isalie DityAdi zabdoM kI taraha saMketagraha kI rIti nahIM apanAyI gyii| isI prakAra AkAzAdi padoM meM bhI samajhanA caahie| apane kathana meM mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kI sammati batAte hue (mammaTa) kahate haiM 'gauH zuklazcalo Ditya' ityAdi meM zabda kI cAra prakAra kI pravRtti ko mahAbhASyakAra ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| prANapradatva kA artha Apane yAvadvastusambandhitva kiyA hai arthAta jisakA sanbandha vastu ke sAtha taba taka raheM jaba taka ki vastu maujUda ho, usako prANaprada kahate haiM, taba to jAti kI taraha paramANu bhI yAvadvastusambandhI hai kyoMki paramANu kA sambandha (samavAya) vastu ke sAtha taba taka rahatA hai jaba taka ki vastu rahatI hai, isa taraha paramANu ko jAti mAnanA cAhie use guNoM meM kyoM ginA gayA? isI prazna ko mana meM rakha kara uttara dete hae granthakAra likhate haiM ki-parama aNu (parimANa tathA Adi zabda se paramamahatparimANa) Adi kA (unake prANaprada-dharma hone ke kAraNa) jAti zabda mAnanA ucita hone para bhI 'vaizeSikadarzana' meM vizeSa pAribhASika zabdoM kI taraha guNamadhyapATha ke kAraNa unameM pAribhASika guNatva mAnA gayA hai|* *parama-aNu-parimANa kI guNoM meM gaNanA kaise hotI hai isakA spaSTIkaraNa isa rUpa meM prApta hotA hai uparyukta vibhAjana ke anusAra vastu ke prANaprada-dharma kA nAma 'jAti' aura usake vizeSAdhAnahetu-dharma ko 'guNa' kahA jAnA cAhiye / parantu 'vaizeSika darzana' meM zukla Adi 'rUpa' ke samAna 'parimANa' ko bhI guNa mAnA hai| usameM rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza, saMkhyA aura parimANa Adi 24 guNoM meM 'parimANa' kI bhI gaNanA kI gaI hai| yaha parimANa mukhyarUpa se 1-'aNu' tathA 2-'mahat' do prakAra kA hotA hai| parantu una donoM ke sAtha paramazabda ko jor3akara unakA eka-eka bheda aura ho jAtA hai / arthAt aNu-pariNAma ke do bheda ho gaye-eka 'aNuparimANa' aura dUsarA 'parama-aNaparimANa' / isI prakAra mahata-parimANa ke bhI eka 'mahata-parimANa' tathA dUsarA 'parama-mahatparimANa' aise

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42 kAvyaprakAzaH paramANvAdInAmiti / paramANutvAdInAmityarthaH, parimANamAtraparaM vA paramANupadaM pAribhASikaM vaizeSikAdivyavasthAsiddhaM tathA cAyaM jAtizabda eveti bhAvaH / nanu guNAnAmapi nAnAtve vyaktizaktipakSokta eva doSa ityata Aha-guNeti / nAzadhIstu samavAyaviSayiNI / na cAnekavyaktivRttitve nityatve ca tasya jAtitvApattiH, jAteH saMsthAnamAtravyaGgyatvenAsyAtattvAt', avayavAvayavivRttitvAd gotvAdinA parAparabhAvAnupapattezceti / tathA'dhizrayaNAditattadvyApAravyaGgayA tattadvyApArAnugatA kriyA'pyekaiva / ata evaikavyApArAbhAve'pi pacatItyAdiprayogapratyayau, anyathA''zuvinAzinAM teSAM melakAbhAvAt tau na do bheda ho jAte haiM / unameM se 'parama- aNu parimANa' kevala paramANu-saMjJaka padArtha arthAt pRthivyAdi dravyoM ke sUkSma vRtti meM yadyapi "paramANvAdInAm" likhA huA hai tathApi usakA artha 'paramANutvAdInAm' karanA cAhie / athavA paramANu svIkRta pada ko parimANa bodhaka mAnanA caahie| 'pAribhASikaM guNatvam' kA vaizeSikAdi darzana kI vyavasthA se siddha guNatva mAnA gayA hai yaha artha hai / sahI meM dekhA jAya to vaha jAti zabda hI hai / guNa zabda Adi meM doSoM kI zaGkA aura usakA nivAraNa Age kI pakti kI avasara-saMgati dete hue likhate haiM ki guNa bhI aneka haiM arthAt bhinna-bhinna padArthoM meM zuklAdi guNa bhinna-bhinna pratIta hote haiM jaise hima, dUdha aura zaMkha Adi meM zuklatA alaga-alaga hai, taba to guNa meM zakti mAnane para vyaktivAda kI taraha (Anantya aura vyabhicAra) doSa hoMge / isakA uttara dete hue vRttikAra ne "guNakriyAyadRcchAnAM" ityAdi paMkti likhI hai / isakA artha hai ki bhinna-bhinna padArthoM meM bhinna 2 rUpa se pratIta honevAle guNa, kriyA aura cchA ke ekarUpa hone para bhI Azraya-bheda se unameM bheda-sA pratIta hotA hai ( vaha bheda vAstavika nahIM hai kintu Azraya ke kAraNa kalpita hai) jaise eka hI mukha ko, talavAra, darpaNa yA taila meM dekhane para pratibimboM meM bhinnatA dikhAI par3atI hai / yaha bheda vAstavika nahIM hai kintu upAdhikRta hai isI prakAra guNa Adi meM pratIta honevAlA bheda bhI kevala aupAdhika hai / isalie guNa Adi meM saMketa graha mAnane para 'Anantya' aura 'vyabhicAra' doSoM ke Ane kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| guNa (zuklAdi ) ke eka hone para bhI "atra zuklo guNo naSTaH " yaha nAzabuddhi isalie utpanna hotI hai ki dravya 'zukla guNa kA jo samavAya thA, vaha naSTa ho gayA aura vahAM raktAdi anya guNa kA samavAya utpanna gayA hai / meM zuklAdi guNa ko aneka vyaktiyoM meM rahanevAlA tathA nitya mAnane para "nityam ekam anekAnugatam sAmAnyam" yaha jAti lakSaNa vahAM saMghaTita ho jAyagA kyoMki zukla ko Apane eka mAnA hI hai, use Apane nitya bhI kahA hai; kyoMki guNanAzabuddhi ko Apane samavAyanAzaviSayiNI batAyA hai, aneka vyakti meM vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa use anekAnugata Apane svIkAra kiyA hI hai-isa taraha kI AzaGkA nahIM karanI cAhie / jAti saMsthAnamAtra vyaGgya hotI hai, guNasaMsthAna AkRtimAtra se vyaGgya nahIM hotA / "taTaH taTI taTam " yaha taTa jAtivAcaka zabda hai kyoMki taTa kA eka vizeSa - vizeSa saMsthAna haiM, AkRti hai, gIlI miTTI- retIlI bhUmi Adi saMsthAna se vaha vyaGgaya hotA hai; isa aura avibhAjya avayava meM rahatA hai| isa parama aNu- parimANa' ke liye 'parimANDalya - parimANa' zabda kA bhI prayoga hotA hai / yaha parama aNu-parimANa 'paramANu'- rUpa sUkSmatama padArtha kA prANaprada dharma hai, vizeSAdhAna hetu nahIM / isaliye ukta paribhASA ke anusAra parama aNu - parimANa ke vAcaka 'paramANu- parimANa' zabda ko jAti-zabda mAnanA cAhiye / parantu 'vaizeSika darzana' meM usakA pATha guNoM meM kiyA gayA hai| isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai / isI prazna kA uttara granthakAra ne yaha diyA hai ki- 'parama-aNa - parimANa' vastutaH jAtivAcaka zabda hI hai / parantu jaise loka meM anya arthoM meM prasiddha 'guNa', 'vRddhi' Adi zabdoM kA vyAkaraNa zAstra meM vizeSa artha meM prayoga hotA hai, usI prakAra vaizeSika darzana meM parama-aNa - parimANa kI gaNanA guNoM meM kI gayI haiN| 1. guNasya saMsthAnamAtravyaGgyatvAbhAvAt / -sampAdaka

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dvitIya ullAsaH AMMAR namainamummmmmmmmmunmaAAAA guNa-kriyA-yadRcchAnAM vastuta ekarUpANAmapyAzrayabhedAd bheda iva lakSyate / yathaikasya mukhasya khaDga-mukura-tailAdyAlambanabhedAt / syAtAm / sphoTe caikyaM sphuTameva sAdhitam / varNAnAmapi nityatvaM sa evAyaM gakAra' ityAdi pratyabhijJAsiddhamiti / nanu yadi nityA ekaikA eva guNAdayo vinAzAdibuddhizca sambandhagocarA tadA kathaM bhedabuddhirityata Aha-prAzrayeti, dravyavyApAravarNarUpAzrayabhedAdityarthaH / tathA cAnyathAsiddhA buddhirna bhede maanmityaashyH| vayaM tu-nanu sAmAnyavAcakazabdAnAmiva guNAdivAcakazabdAnAmapi paramparayA jAtireva zakyA'stvityata Aha- guNeti, tathA caikavyaktivRttitvena na zuklatvAdInAM jAtitvam, nanu bhedapratyayAdeva lie vaha jAtivAcaka zabda hai / guNa kA to koI avayava nahIM hai, isalie vaha anugata-saMsthAna mAtra vyaGgaya nahIM hai| guNa avayava aura avayavI donoM meM rahatA hai, jAti kevala avayavI meM hI rahatI hai| jaise raktaguNa tantu (dhAge) meM hai aura kapar3e meM bhI hai| inameM pahalA avayava hai aura dUsarA avayavI / guNa meM gotva kI apekSA parabhAva mAnA gayA hai| gotva jAti gAya meM janma ke sAtha hI prAdurbhUta huI hai| isalie vaha aparabhAva hai; guNa bAda meM utpanna humA hai isalie aparabhAva hai| yadi donoM ko nitya, eka aura anekAnugata mAneM taba to donoM ke sahabhAva ke kAraNa kauna kisakA 'para' aura kauna kisakA 'pUrva' hogA? isalie guNa jAti nahIM hai| isI taraha adhizrayaNAdi. una-una vyApAroM se vyaGagya aura una-una vyApAroM se anUgata kriyA bhI eka hI hai| isalie eka vyApAra (jaise phUkanA) ke binA bhI pacati ityAdi kA prayoga hotA hai aura usase jJAna bhI hotA hai| anyathA phUkanA, cUlhe para rakhanA Adi kAryoM ke zIghra vinaSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa una vyApAroM kA eka sAtha mela na hone se pacati zabda kA na prayoga hotA aura na usase bodha hI sambhava thaa| sphoTa meM to una saba kI ekatA spaSTa siddha kara dI gaI hai / (sphoTAtmaka) varNa bhI nitya haiM isI lie loga kahate haiM "sa evAyaM gakAraH yaH garuDe sa eva gnneshe|" yaha pratyabhijJA varNa kI nityatA pramANita karatI hai / .... yadi guNAdi nitya, eka hai; 'guNa meM vinAzabuddhi guNa ke anitya hone se nahIM kintu usa guNa se sambaddha samavAya ke anitya hone ke kAraNa se utpanna hotI hai, yaha mAneM to 'dUdha kI saphedI zaMkha kI saphedI se bhinna hai isa prakAra kI bhinnatA kI pratIti kyoM hotI hai, aisA prazna sahaja meM uTha sakatA hai isake uttara ke lie hI vRtti meM "AzrayabhedAt' ityAdi pada diyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki 'guNa, kriyA aura yadRcchA meM jo bheda pratIta hotA hai usakA kAraNa dravyarUpa, vyApArarUpa aura varNarUpa AzrayoM kA bheda hai|' arthAt jina dravyoM meM guNa rahatA hai, una dravyoM ke bheda ke kAraNa guNa (zuklAdi) meM bheda pratIta hotA hai / phUtkAra, gamana Adi vyApAra-bheda ke kAraNa kriyA bhinna pratIta hotI hai| Dittha, Davittha Adi varNa bhinna hone ke kAraNa athavA bAlavRddha -zukAdi uccArita Ditya zabda meM bheda hone ke kAraNa usameM bheda kI pratIti hotI hai| isa taraha anyathAsiddha buddhi (bhedabuddhi) bheda meM pramANa nahIM ho sktii| 'vayaM tu' ityAdi (TIkArtha) TIkAkAra zrI muni jI kahate haiM ki-'hama to yahAM yaha kahanA cAheMge ki sAmAnya vAcaka gotvAdi zabdoM kI taraha guNAdivAcaka zuklAdi zabdoM kA artha bhI jAti (zuklatva) hI paramparA-sambandha se mAne to kyA doSa hogA?' yahI batAne ke lie "guNakriyAyadRcchAnAm" ityAdi paMkti likhI gayI hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki hima, dUdha aura zaMkhAdi Azrayabheda se hI zuklAdiguNabhinna pratIta hote haiM; ve vastutaH eka hI haiN| isa taraha zuklatva-dharma ko eka

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kAvyaprakAzaH ~ ___ himapayaHzakhAdyAzrayeSu paramArtha to bhinneSu zuklAdiSu yadvazena zukla: zukla neSAmekatvamiti bhedapratyayamanyathA samarthayati-AzrayabhedAditi vyAcakSmahe / __ jAtipadArthavAdinAM matamAha-himapaya iti / vastuto 'gauH zukla' ityAdinA na sammatipradarzanam, api tu upasaMhAraH, kasyedaM matamityAzaGkAyAmuktam, -'iti mahAbhASyakAraH' iti, tena paramANvAdItyAdyArabhyaiva jAtizaktivAdinAM matam, ekarUpANAM jAtizaktatvena jAtizabdAtmakAnAm / nanu tahi kathaM zabdacAturvidhyamityata Aha-AzrayabhedAditi / tathA ca jAtireva zakyA parantu yatra guNavRttirjAtistathA' tatra guNazabdatvam / evaM kriyAyada cchAzabdayorapItyarthaH / paramArthata iti / zuklaguNavartI hone ke kAraNa jAti nahIM mAna sakate aura isa prakAra zukla zabda jAtivAcaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yadi Apa kaheM ki hima, dUdha aura zaMkhAdi meM dikhAI par3anevAlI saphedI eka dUsare se bhinna pratIta hotI hai isalie zuklAdi guNa ko sarvatra eka mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, to isakA uttara hogA ki bheda pratIti kA kAraNa kucha aura hai yahI dikhAte hue likhA gayA hai ki "AzrayabhedAt" arthAt yaha bheda-pratIti Azraya ke bheda ke kAraNa hai; vastubheda ke kAraNa nhiiN| mImAMsAdarzana-sammata 'jAti' rUpa ekavidha saGketita artha kA vizleSaNa jAti ko hI padArtha mAnane vAloM kA mata likhate hue kahate haiM-himapayaHzaGkhAdyAzrayeSu0 / vastutaH mUla meM likhita "gauH zuklazcalo DitthaH" ityAdi vAkya se sammati nahIM dikhAyI gaI hai kintu pUrvamata kA-(jAtyAdicatuSTayavAda kA) upasaMhAra dikhAyA gayA hai| yaha mata kisakA hai isa prazna ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai-iti mahAbhASyakAraH arthAt yaha mata mahAbhASyakAra kA hai| isalie "paramANvAdInAntU' yahAM se hI jAti meM zakti mAnanevAloM ke mata kA prArambha mAnanA caahie| (isa mata meM) 'ekarUpANAm' kA tAtparya hai jAti meM zakti mAnane ke kAraNa jAti-zabdAtmaka arthAt jAti zabdoM kA / - aisA mAnane para zabda ke cAra bheda kaise hoMge? isa jijJAsA ko zAnta karane ke lie kahate haiM-'AzrayabhedAt' arthAt Azraya ke bheda se zabda ke cAra bheda siddha hoNge| isa prakAra jAti meM hI zakti mAneMge arthAta jAti ko hI zakyArtha rUpa meM svIkAra kareMge parantu jahAM guNavRtti jAti (zuklatvAdi) ko zakyArtha mAneMge, vahA~ guNazabdatva mAnA jAyagA-zuklatva jAti ke zakyArtha hone para zukla zabda mAnA jAyagA isI prakAra kriyA aura yahacchAzabda meM bhI (mAnanA cAhie) / arthAt jahA~ pAkAdikriyAvartI pAkatva-sAmAnya meM zakti mAnI jAyagI vahAM 'pacati' ityAdi ko kriyAzabda mAnege isa prakAra jahA~ yahacchAsaMjJAzabdavartI DityatvAdi sAmAnya meM zakti rahegI vaha yadRcchAzabda hogaa| sandarbha kA artha yaha hai ki jAtivAda kI bhUmikA "himapayaHzalAdyAzrayeSu" ityAdi pakti se nahIM kintu "paramANvAdInAm" isa paGkti se hI prArambha kI gayI hai / (mImAMsaka jAti, guNa, kriyA aura yahacchA ina cAroM meM zakti na mAnakara kevala jAti meM hI zakti mAnate haiN|) "himapayaHzaGkhAdyAzrayeSu" ityAdi paGkti meM jAtimAtra meM zakti mAnane kA hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| 'hima-payaH' ityAdi mUla anuccheda kA artha barpha, dUdha aura zaGkha Adi AzrayoM meM rahanevAle vAstava meM bhinna (arthAt prathama mata meM jaisA kahA gayA hai usake anusAra eka rUpa nahIM) zukla Adi guNoM meM (yadvazena) jinake kAraNa 'zukla:zukla" isa prakAra ke abhinna 1: shkyaa|

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dvitIya ullAsaH ityAdyabhinnAbhivAnapratyayotpattistacchuklatvAdi sAmAnyam / guDataNDulAdipAkAdiSvevameva vinAzAdeH zuklAdipratiyogikatvenAnubhavAditi bhAvaH / yadUvazeneti / anugatakAryasyAnugatakAraNaniyamyatvAd vyaktInAmananugamAjjAtirevAnugatakAraNamityarthaH / evameveti, anugatamaterevetyarthaH / idamupalakSaNam adhaHsantApanarUpapacyarthe rUparasagandhAdiparAvRttijanakatAvacchedakatayA, spandAtmake gamyarthe uttaradezasaMyogajanakatAvacchedakatayA, 'yajati, dadAti, juhotya'rthe idaM na mametyAdi-saGkalparUpe tattatphalavizeSajanakatAvacchedakatayA jAtisiddhiH / evamanyatrApyUhyam / kathana aura pratIti kI utpatti hotI hai, vaha zuklatva Adi sAmAnya (jAti) hai| gur3a aura taNDula Adi ke pAka padyapi eka dUsare se bhinna haiM tathApi jisa kAraNa se saba jagaha "pacati" isa prakAra ke eka zabda kA vyavahAra aura bodha utpanna hote haiM; vaha pAkatva jAti hai| isI prakAra bAla, vRddha aura totA Adi ke dvArA bole gaye 'Dittha' Adi zabdoM meM athavA pratyeka kSaNa meM parivartana-zIla aura bheda ko prApta hote hue Ditha Adi padArthoM meM jisa kAraNa 'DitthaH DitthaH' isa prakAra kA abhinna zabda-prayoga aura samAnabodha hotA hai, vaha Ditthatva hai jo ki sAmAnya dharma hai; isalie saba zabdoM kA pravRtti-nimitta kevala jAti hI hai| (vaiyAkaraNoM ke matAnusAra jAtyAdi cAroM ko pravRttinimitta na mAnakara kevala jAti ko hI pravRttinimitta mAnanA cAhie yaha anya (mImAMsaka) kahate haiN| , isameM paramArthataH kA artha hai "vastutaH" / zukla guNa, hima, dUdha aura zaMkha meM vastuta: bhinna hai kyoMki ghaTapratiyogika abhAva ke anubhava ke kAraNa jaise ghaTa anitya mAnA jAtA hai; usI prakAra zukla gaNa kA vinAza dekhA gayA hai isalie zukla pratiyogika abhAva ke anubhava ke kAraNa zuklagaNa ko anitya mAnanA cAhie / isalie utpatti-vinAzazIla hone ke kAraga zukla, rakta Adi guNoM ko hima, dUdha, zaMkha Adi meM bhinna mAnanA caahie| isa taraha bhinna hote hue bhI jisa kAraNa se sarvatra 'zukla: zuklaH' isa taraha samAna zabdoM se abhidhAna hotA hai aura bodha hotA hai vaha tattva zuklatva-sAmAnya hai| yadi kArya anugata hai to kAraNa bhI anugata honA cAhie / eka jagaha zuklagaNa ke jJAna se anyatra jo zuklagaNa kA jJAna ho jAtA hai isakA kAraNa saba jagaha rahane vAlA zuklatva sAmAnya hI ho sakatA hai| kyoMki ananta hone se hama vyakti kA anugama ekAkAra-pratIti nahIM kara skte| isIlie mImAMsaka kahate haiM- "anuvRttipratyayahetuH sAmAnyam" ekAkAra pratIti kA hetu 'sAmAnya' kahalAtA hai| jAti ko sAmAnya bhI kahate haiN| jaise aneka ghaToM (ghaTavyaktiyoM) meM ekAkAra-pratIti yA anuvRtti-pratIti kA kAraNa ghaTatva-sAmAnya yA ghaTatva-jAti hai, usI taraha aneka vastuoM meM rahane vAle zuklaguNa meM jisake kAraNa "zukla: zuklaH" yaha anugata yA ekAkAra pratIti hotI hai usakA kAraNa zuklatva-sAmAnya hai| evameva kA artha hai anugatapratIti ke hI kAraNa / arthAt anugata ekAkAra-pratIti ke kAraNa pacatItyAdi kriyA meM bhI pAkatva-sAmAnya mAnanA cAhie / tAtparya yaha hai ki gur3a, taNDala, dUdha Adi aneka padArthoM ke pAka meM rahane vAlI pAkakriyA meM "pAka: pAkaH" isa anugata-pratIti kA kAraNa pAkatva-sAmAnya hai| pAka-kriyA meM pAkatva-sAmAnya siddha karane ke lie gur3ataNDalAdi pAkavAlI jo yukti dI gayI hai, use upalakSaNa mAnanA caahie| upalakSaNa kA lakSaNa hai "svabodhakatve sati svetarabodhakatvam"-jo svayaM kA bodha karAte hue sva-samAna anya kA bhI bodha karAtA hai| use upalakSaNa kahate haiN| isalie pUrvokta paGkti meM likhita yukti ke atirikta kucha anya yuktiyAM bhI bhI ho sakatI haiN| jinake kAraNa pAkatvasAmAnya kI siddhi ho sakatI haiN| unameM se kucha nIce dI jAtI haiM / jaise paca dhAtu kA artha adhaHsantApana hai cUlhe se nIce utAra kara sekanA jaise roTI sekate haiM / athavA adhaHsantApana ke sthAna meM adhaHsaMsthApana bhI ho sakatA hai jisakA artha hai nIce rakhanA; jo bhI ho cUlhe se nIce utArane ke bAda rUpa, rasa, gandhAdi kI utpatti huI hai| ataH rUpa, rasa, gandhAdi-parAvartana kArya hai usakA janaka hai paca dhAtu kA adhaHsantApana,

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46 kAvyaprakAzaH www yattu pace rUpAdiparAvRttirUpA viklittirgameruttarasaMyogaH, pateradhaHsaMyogaH, tyajevibhAgo hantermaraNamartho lAghavAd na tUktarUpaphalajanakAdhaHsantApanAdiApAraH gauravAt, evamanyatrApi phalameva tadgatasAmAnyameva vA janyatAvacchedakatayA siddhaM dhAtvartha iti maNDanAcAryamatam, tanna / vyApAravigame phaladazAyAM pacati dadAti gacchatItyAdiprayogaprasaGgAd, vyApArakAle pacatItyAdiprayogAnApatteH spandajanyasaMyogavibhAgAzrayatvenAkAzo gacchati patati tyajati ityAdi prayogApatteH, odanakAmaH pacetetyatra rUpa artha, isa artha meM janakatAvacchedaka koI na koI dharma mAnanA par3egA aura vaha hogA pAkatva, isa taraha pAkatvasAmAnya kI siddhi hogii| tAtparya yaha hai ki jitane kArya haiM una sabake kucha na kucha kAraNa haiM, jaise ghara eka kArya hai aura kumbhakAra usakA kAraNa hai| kAryatAvacchedaka dharma hai ghaTatva aura kAraNAvacchedaka dharma hai kumbhakAratva / isalie anumAna karate haiM ki "ghaTanirUpitA yA kumbhakAraniSThA kAraNatA sA kiJcid dharmAvacchinnA, kAraNatAtvAd yA yA kAraNatA. sA kiJciddharmAvacchinnA bhavati yathA paTaniSThakAryatAnirUpita-tantuniSThakAraNatA tantutvAvacchinnA bhavati / " arthAt paTa kArya ke kAraNa tantu meM jo kAraNatA hai; vaha jaise tantutva sAmAnyadharma se avacchinna hai usI prakAra pacadhAtvartha adhaHsantApana meM rUpa, rasa, gandhAdi-parivartana ke prati jo kAraNatA hai use kisI dharma se avacchinna honA cAhie; vaha dharma pAkatvasAmAnya hI ho sakatA hai| isI prakAra gam dhAtu ke artha spanda meM uttara-dezasaMyogajanakatA hai spanda(Mooving) aura rasa ke bAda vyakti apane gantavya sthAna para pahu~catA hai isalie uttaradeza-saMyogarUpa kArya kA janaka spandarUpa gam-dhAtvartha huA, isa lie usameM kucha na kucha janakatAvacchedaka dharma honA cAhie aura vaha dharma gamanatvasAmAnya hI ho sakatA hai| isI taraha, "yajati, dadAti aura juhoti" kriyA bhI adRSTa phala kI jananI hai isalie to ina kriyAoM ke prayoga ke bAda "idaM na mama" isa saMkalpavAkya kA prayoga karate haiM / isase siddha huA ki ye kriyAe~ una-una phala-vizeSa ko janma detI haiM, isalie inameM kucha-na-kucha phalajanakatAvacchedakadharma mAnanA caahie| vaha dharma yAgatva, dAnatva aura havanatvarUpa sAmAnya-dharma hI hogaa| isa taraha kriyAzabdoM meM bhI jAti kI siddhi hotI hai| pUrvokta kriyAoM kI apekSA anyatra bhI isI prakAra Uha karanA cAhie; jisase vahAM bhI sAmAnyadharma kI siddhi ho jaay| 'yatta pace' ityAdi (TIkArtha) phalajanakatAvacchedakatayA pAkAdikriyA meM jisa pAkatvAdi sAmAnya kI siddhi kI gayI hai| vaha tabhI ho sakatI hai jaba ki phala aura vyApAra donoM dhAtvartha hoN| maNDanAcArya ne to kevala phala ko hI dhAtvartha mAnA hai aisI sthiti meM pUrva grantha kI asaMgati kI AzaGkA ke samAdhAna ke lie Age likhate haiM 'yatta'.."ityAdi / maNDanAcArya kA mata hai ki--- 'pac' dhAtu kA artha hai kevala viklittirUpa phala, rUpAdi parAvRtti hI viklitti hai, gam ghAtu kA artha bhI uttaradeza-saMyoga hai, pat dhAtu kA artha adhaHsaMyoga hai, tyaj dhAtu kA artha vibhAga hai aura han dhAtu kA artha maraNa hai| lAghavAt phalamAtra dhAtvartha mAnanA caahie| gaurava hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta phaloM ke janaka, adhaHsantApanAdi vyApAra ko dhAtvartha nahIM mAnanA caahie| isa taraha aura jagaha bhI phala ko hI yA phala meM rahane vAle sAmAnyadharma ko (jaise viklittitva ko) hI jo janyatAvacchedaka hone ke kAraNa siddha hotA hai, dhAtvartha mAnanA caahie| parantu maNDanAcArya kA yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki-yadi vyApArarahita kevala phala ko dhAtvartha mAnA jAya to jahA~ pAkakriyA samApta ho gayI hai, kintu sIjhA huA cAvala maujUda hai vahA~ viklittirUpa phala ke vartamAna hone ke kAraNa 'pacati' yaha prayoga ho jAyagA, isI prakAra dAna kA phala aura jAne kA phala uttaradezasaMyoga ke vartamAna rahane para 'dadAti' aura 'gacchati' yaha prayoga hone lgegaa| isake viparIta pAkakriyA ke vartamAna rahane para bhI yadi viklityAdi-phala vartamAna nahIM hai to 'pacati' yaha prayoga nahIM hogaa| kyoMki "vartamAne laTa" kA artha hai vartamAnakriyAvRtterdhAtorlaTa syAt, arthAt kriyA kA artha yadi

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dvitIya ullAsaH pAkatvAdi / bAlavRddhazukAdhudIriteSu DitthAdizabdeSu ca, pratikSaNaM bhidyamAneSu DitthAdyartheSu vA DitthatvAdyastIti sarveSAM zabdAnAM jAtireva pravRttinimittamityanye / / viklityAdAvodanarUpeSTasAdhanatvasya pravRttezcAsambhavAcca / DityAdyartheSu veti bAlyAdinA bhinne Ditye piNDe kAlAntare sa evAyaM Dittha iti pratyabhijJayA dharmyabhedaviSayatAbAdhe jAtiviSayatvena tadgatajAtisiddhI tasyA eva Ditthapadazakyateti bhAvaH / akSarArthastu ivArthena vAzabdenApyarthaka-cazabdavinimayAd bAlavRddhazakodIriteSu DitthAdizabdeSviva pratikSaNaM bhidyamAneSu DitthAdyartheSvapi DitthAditvamastIti / kSaNo'tra sthuulH| vayaM tu-vAzabdo vikalpe na tvivArthe, tena vaktazarIrajanyatAvacchedakaDitthAdizabdavRttijAtevartamAna meM ho to laT lakAra ho / maNDanAcArya ke mata meM kriyA kA artha phala mAtra hai| isalie phala ke vartamAna ra para laT lakAra kA prayoga hogA aura vyApAra ke vartamAna rahane para bhI laT lakAra nahIM hogaa| spandajanya-saMyogarUpa phala ke Azraya hone ke kAraNa 'AkAzo gacchati' aisA prayoga 'ratho gacchati' kI taraha hone lagegA evaM spandajanya-vibhAgAzraya hone ke kAraNa 'AkAzaH patati' aura "AkAzastyajati" ityAdi prayoga hone lgeNge| . "odanakAmaH paceta" arthAt bhAta ke icchuka ko cAhie ki vaha pAka kare, aisA prayoga aba nahIM hogA; kyoMki maNDanAcArya ke mata meM 'paceta' meM paca kA artha hai 'viklittirUpa phala aura liG lakAra kA artha hai pravartanA / isa taraha isa vAkya kA artha hogA viklittirUpa phala meM pravRtta honA cAhie aura 'odanakAmaH' kA vastutaH artha hai odana cAhane vaalaa| isa taraha isa vAkya kA yaha artha ki 'odana cAhane vAlA viklitti meM pravRtta ho' asaMgata ho jaaygaa| viklitti Adi meM odanarUpa iSTasAdhanatva aura pravRtti donoM kI guMjAiza nahIM hai| isI taraha DisthAdi meM bhI vartamAna DitthatvasAmAnya ko hI zakyArtha mAnanA cAhie; yahI dikhAte hue kahate haiM ki 'bAlyAvasthA, yuvAvasthA aura vRddhAvasthA Adi ke kAraNa Dittha zarIra meM bheda honepara "DitthaH" isa prakAra kA prayoga aura bodha jisa kAraNa se hotA hai vaha DitthatvajAti hI hai aura varSoM ke bAda dekhane para (bheda hone para bhI) "sa evAyaM DitthaH" yaha vahI Dittha hai isa pratyabhijJA ke kAraNa dharmI ke ekamAtra na hone kI buddhi kA bAdha hone para Dittha zabda bhI jAti kA viSaya banA aura usameM jo jAti siddha ho gayI usI Ditthatva jAti ko Ditthapada kA zakyArtha mAnA jaaygaa| mUla meM likhita vAkya kA artha karate samaya iva (sadRza) arthavAle 'vA' zabda kA aura 'api' arthavAle 'ca' zabda kA sthAna vinimaya karake "bAlavRddha zukAdhudIriteSu DityAdizabdeSviva pratikSaNaM bhidyamAneSu DitthAdyartheSvapi DityatvAdyasti" isa prakAra kA vAkya banAnA caahie| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'iva' ke artha meM 'vA' zabda bhI saMskRta meM prayukta hotA hai / yahA~ 'vA' zabda kA artha 'iva' mAnanA caahie| aura 'ca' zabda kA artha api hai hI, donoM zabdoM ke sthAna kA parivartana karake yaha artha hogA ki-bAla, vRddha aura tote ke dvArA uccArita DityAdi zabdoM kI taraha pratikSaNa badalate hue DityAdi artha meM bhI DitthatvAdika dharma mAnanA hI caahie| anyathA "DitthaH DityaH" ityAdi samAna zabda ke prayoga aura samAnabodha ke lie koI AdhAra hI nahIM raha jaaygaa| "pratikSaNaM" yahAM kSaNa sthUla lenA cAhie kyoMki Dittha meM eka kSaNa meM jo parivartana huA hai vaha jAnA nahIM jA sktaa| 'vayaM tu ityAdi (TIkArtha) TIkAkAra pUrvokta paGkti kI nUtana vyAkhyA prastuta karate hue kahate haiM ki 'hama to isa paMkti kI vyAkhyA isa taraha karate haiN| yahA~ 'vA' zabda vikalpArtha meM hI prayukta huA hai, apane 'aprasiddha' artha ivArtha meM nhiiN| arthAt mUla

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kAvyaprakAzaH DitthapadavAcyatvamityAha-bAlavRddhati, / na ca tathA sati Ditthazabdasyaiva tadarthatvavyavahArApattiH, ghaTamAnayetyatra ghaTasyeva DitthamAnayetyatra DitthazabdAnayanapratItyApattizceti vAcyam, ghaTamAnaye tyatra jAterAnayanabAdhe tadAzrayaghaTasyevAtra tadAzrayazabdasyApi tadbAdhe tadvato'rthasyArthatvavyavahArAnayanAnvayayoH sambhavAt / ghaTaM pazyetyatra va DitthaM pazyetyatrApi DisthapiNDe'valokanAnvayasambhavAda, anyathA''kAzAdipade jAtizabdatvAnupapattiH, zabdAzrayatvaghaTakazabdaniSThazabdatvajAti vinA'nyasya tatrAbhAvAditi bhAvaH / nanu vaktRNAmAnantyena tajjanyatAvacchedakajAtInAmapyAnantye vyaktizaktyuktadoSApattirityasvarasAdAha-pratikSaNamiti / jAtipadasya yAvadvastusambandhidharmaparatayA zabdatatsamavAyayonityatayA ca vyakterapi zaktigrahaviSayatayA tadviSayatvAvizeSAjjAtimAtraviSayatvasya kAraNatAvacchedakatve vini gamanAvirahaH / bhaTTamate ca jAtereva zakyatve gopadAd vyaktibhAnAnupapattiH, vyaktijAtyoH sAmAnAdhi meM prayukta 'vA' zabda kA artha 'vikalpa' hai sadRza nhiiN| isa taraha Dittha pada kA vAcya hai DitthAdi zabda-vRttijAti arthAt DitthAdi zabda meM rahane vAlI jAti hI DitthAdi pada kA artha hai| Ditthatva jAti kI siddhi 'vaktRzarIrajanyatAvacchedakatayA hotI hai| arthAt vaktA (bAla, vRddha, totA Adi, ke zarIra meM bolate samaya Dittha zabda kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, ve Ditya zabda eka nahIM hai aneka haiM una sabhI janya Ditya zabdoM meM koI ekajanyatAvacchedaka dharma honA cAhie, vaha hai Dityatva / isI bAta ko "bAlavRddhazukAdhudIriteSu" ityAdi paMktiyoM meM kahate haiN| Dittha-zabdavartI jAti ko yadi Ditya zabda kA vAcya mAneMge to vyavahAra meM Dittha zabda hI Distha kA zabdArtha hogA / jaise govRttijAti gotva ko jaba zabdArtha mAnA jAtA hai to "gAmAnaya" ityAdi vyavahAra meM usa gotvajAti kA Azraya go hI zabdArtha banatA hai isI taraha DitthazabdavartinI jAti Ditthatva ko zakyArtha mAnane para usa jAti ke Azraya Dittha zabda meM tadarthatva (Dittha-zabdArthatva) kA vyavahAra honA caahie| isa prakAra "ghaTamAnaya" kahane para ghaTatvajAti ke Anayana ko asaMbhava jAnakara jaise ukta vAkya kA vyAvahArika artha jAti na hokara jAtyAzraya hotA hai aura ghaTa (vyakti) kA Anayana artha liyA jAtA hai usI prakAra "DityamAnaya" kahane para DittharUpa artha kA pAnayana asaMbhava hone ke kAraNa DitthatvAzraya Dintha zabda kA Anayana isa prakAra ke ananvita dharma kI pratIti hone lagegI; aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki "ghaTamAnaya" kahane para jaise jAti ke Anayana meM bAdhA dekhakara tadAzraya (jAtyAzraya vyakti) kA bodha hotA hai, isI prakAra DitthatvAzraya Ditya zabda ke Anayana meM bAdhA dekhakara tadvAna arthAt DitthazabdavAn-DityazabdapratipAdya =Dittha piNDa-Ditya zabda kA vAcya bana jAyagA aura usake Anayana meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA na hone se vyavahAra bhI yathAvat rhegaa| tathA 'ghaTaM pazya' yahAM jAti meM ghaTa zabda ko zakya mAnane para ghaTa jAti ke darzana ko asaMbhava mAnakara jaise 'ghaTa vyakti ko dekho' aisA artha kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra Dittha pada kA DitthazabdavRtti jAti 'Ditthatva' artha kA 'DitthaM pazya' meM darzana-kriyA ke sAtha anvaya meM bAdhA Ane para Dittha-piNDa ke sAtha anvaya ho jaaygaa| anyathA yadi zabdaniSTha jAti ko zakya na mAne to AkAzapada meM bhI jAtizabdatva nahIM mAnA jAyagA kyoMki AkAzapada meM zabdAzrayatvaghaTaka jo zabda hai usameM rahanevAlI zabdatva jAti ko chor3akara koI anya jAti yA dharma vahA~ hai hI nhiiN| DityAdi zabda ke vaktA ananta haiM isalie vaktA ke zarIra meM prAdurbhUta Dittha zabda bhI ananta hoMge aura una ananta Dittha zabdoM meM rahane vAlI janyatAvacchedakajAti (Ditthatva) bhI ananta hogI, isa prakAra vyaktipakSa ke samAna ukta doSa (Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa) ho jaaygaa| isa prazna kA uttara dete hae likhate haiM 'pratikSaNaM bhidyamAneSu / ' arthAt jAtipada kA tAtparya 'yAvadvastusambandhidharma' kiyA gayA hai zabda aura usakA samavAya-sambandha donoM nitya haiM isalie zabda-samavAyitva AkAza pada meM bhI hai isalie koI anupapatti nahIM hogii| aSTadravyabhinna-dravyatva AkAza meM bhI hai, isalie koI doSa nahIM hogaa|

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dvitIya ullAsaH tadvAn apoho vA zabdArthaH kaizcidukta iti granthagauravabhayAt prakRtAnupayogAcca na darzitam / 42 zabdasamavAyitvasyASTadravyabhinnadravyatvasya vA''kAzapade'pi sattvAnnAnupapattiriti vyAcakSmahe / nanu jAtyAditireva vetyanena pakSadvayamuktaM pakSAntaramapi naiyAyikAdyabhimataM kuto noktam ? ityata AhatadvAniti / jAtimAnityarthaH, idaM ca naiyAyikamate, poho'tadvyAvRttiriti vainAzikamate, poha iti / mahAbhASyakAraH ityanye, kaizcidityAdibhiH padaiH sarvatra ca pakSe'svarasodbhAvanaM, tadbIjaM tu mahAbhASyakAramate jAtizaktimAtravyavasthApanAt kathaM vyaktibhAnam ? gurumate'pi vyakti vinA jAteragraheNa " jAtyAdirjAtireva vA" isake dvArA do pakSoM kI carcA kI gyii| pahalA pakSa vaiyAkaraNa aura unake anuyAyiyoM kA hai aura dUsarA pakSa mImAMsaka kA hai| naiyAyikAdi dArzanikoM kA abhimata kyoM nahIM kahA gayA isa prazna ke uttara meM likhate haiM- 'tadvAn apoho vA' iti / yahA~ tadvAn kA artha hai jAtimAn | yaha mata naiyAyikoM kA hai / 'apoha' kA artha hai 'atadvyAvRtti' / yaha mata vainAzika ? (galata likhA huA hai, vaibhASika honA cAhie ) vaibhASika bauddhoM kA hai / naiyAyika jAtiviziSTa vyakti meM ghaTatva viziSTa ghaTa meM zakti mAnate haiM / bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki go pada ke zravaNa se atat ( usase atirikta - go se atirikta - mahiSyAdi) kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai isa taraha atadvyAvRtti hI go pada kA zakyArtha hai / "mahAbhASyakAraH, ityanye, kaizcit" ityAdi padoM ke dvArA pUrvokta sabhI pakSoM meM granthakAra ne apanA asvArasya (vaimatya) batAyA hai / granthakAra ne mahAbhASyakAra pada ke ullekha ke dvArA yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki jAti, guNa, kriyA aura yacchA meM saMketagraha mAnane vAle mahAbhASyakAra haiM maiM nahIM huuN| "jAtireva' isa mata ko bhI "anye" zabda ke dvArA dUsaroM kA ( mImAMsakoM kA mata batAkara isa mata ke sAtha bhI apanI asahamati prakaTa kI hai| "tadvAn" aura 'apoha' siddhAnta ke sAtha bhI 'kaizcit' pada jor3a kara yaha siddha kiyA hai ki ye mata bhI kramazaH naiyAyikoM tathA bauddhoM ke haiM; mere nahIM / * pUrvokta matoM ke sAtha vaimatya dikhAne kA kAraNa hai; una matoM meM vividha doSoM kI sattA / una doSoM ko dikhAte hue likhate haiM- 'tadbIjantu' ityAdi / mahAbhASyakAra ke mata meM jAti meM hI zakti mAnI gayI hai aisI sthiti meM vyakti kI pratIti kaise hogI ? guru (prabhAkara) ke mata meM vyakti' jJAna ke binA jAti kA bodha nahIM ho sakane ke kAraNa vyakti ko bhI zaktigraha kA viSaya mAnanA hI par3egA / taba to bodha meM jAti kI taraha vyakti kA bhI bhAna hone ke kAraNa jAtimAtra ko kAraNatAvacchedaka ( bodha kA kAraNa ) mAnanA kahA~ taka saMgata hogA ? eka pakSa ko jo yukti pramANita karatI hai use vinigamanA kahate haiM / yahA~ jAtimAtra ko bodha kA kAraNa mAnA jAya, vyakti ko nahIM, ina donoM pakSoM eka pakSa ko pramANita karanevAlI koI yukti nahIM dikhAI detI / yaha doSa guru prabhAkara ke mata meM spaSTa hai / meM * naiyAyika tathA bauddha mata kA spaSTIkaraNa AcArya mammaTa ne yahA~ jisa zabdavAcya 'tadvAn' athavA 'jAtiviziSTarUpa' arthaviSayaka siddhAnta kA nirdeza kiyA hai vaha nyAyadarzana kA siddhAnta hai / mahAnaiyAyika jayanta bhaTTa ne isakA pratipAdana ina paMktiyoM meM kiyA hai 'anyeSu tu prayogeSu gAM dehotyevamAdiSu / tadvato'yaMkriyAyogAttasyaMvAhuH padArthatAm // padaM tadvantamevArtha mAJjasyenAbhijalpati / na ca vyavahitA buddhirna ca bhArasya gauravam //

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50 vyakterapi zaktigrahaviSayatayA tadviSayatvAvizeSAjjAtimAtraviSayatvasya kAraNatAvacchedakatve vinigamanAvirahaH / bhaTTamate ca jAtereva zakyatve gopadAd vyaktibhAnAnupapattiH, vyaktijAtyoH sAmAnAdhi kAvyaprakAzaH bhaTTa mata bhI doSa se khAlI nahIM hai| bhaTTa ke anusAra jAti hI zakya hai, vyakti nahIM, phira yaha samasyA raha jAtI hai ki gopada se 'gAm Anaya' meM vyaktibodha kaise hotA hai ? yadi yaha kaheM ki jAti se vyakti kA AkSepa ho jAtA hai, to yaha prazna uTha khar3A hogA ki AkSepa ke lie vyApti Avazyaka hai / jaise 'pIno'yaM devadattaH divA na bhuGkte' yahA~ 'yatra yatra bhojanatvaM tatra tatra pInatvam' isa prakAra kA vyAptigraha hai, isalie pInatva ko dekhakara rAtri bhojana kA AkSepa hotA hai| isa taraha 'yatra yatra vyaktiH tatra tatra jAti:' isa prakAra kI vyApti yadi rahatI to jAti se vyakti kA AkSepa hotA parantu vaisI vyApti hai hI nhiiN| kyoMki rAma eka vyakti hai para vaha jAti nahIM hai / isataraha jAti aura vyakti meM samAnAdhikaraNatva nahIM hone ke kAraNa vyApti ke abhAva meM jAti se vyakti kA ApekSa nahIM ho sakegA / kisI taraha tAdAtmyasambandha se vyAptigraha siddha karane para yadi jAti se vyakti kA ApekSa ho bhI jAya to bhI (bhaTTa mata meM) vyakti ko zabdArthaM nahIM kintu AkSepArthaM mAnane ke kAraNa " gAm Anaya" ityAdi sthala meM vibhavatyarthaM saMkhyA aura karmAdi kAraka kA vyakti ( go vyakti) ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki 'su au jas' ityAdi vibhaktiyA~ prakRtyarthaM se anvita apane artha ko batAtI haiM isa prakAra kA siddhAnta hai / yadi vyakti ko zabdArthaM nahIM mAneM to vyakti prakRti ( go prakRti) kA artha hI nahIM hai phira usakA vibhakti ke artha ke sAtha anvaya hI nahIM ho sakegA / tasmAttadvAneva padArthaH / nanu ko'yaM tadvAnnAma ? ucyate, nevantAnidizyamAnazAvaleyAdivizeSastadvAn, na ca sarvastrailokyavartI vyaktivrAtastadvAn kintu sAmAnyAzrayaH kazcidanullikhitazAbaleyAdivizeSastadvAnityucyate, sAmAnyAzrayatvAcca nAnantyavyabhicArayostatrAvasaraH / ' ( nyAyamaJjarI, pR0 266 ) abhiprAya yaha hai ki naiyAyikoM ke mata meM na kevala jAti meM zaktigraha mAnA jA sakatA hai aura na kevala vyakti meM / kevala vyakti meM saGketagraha mAnane se Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa Ate haiM to kevala jAti meM zaktigraha mAnane para zabda se kevala jAti kI upasthiti hone ke kAraNa vyakti kA bhAna zabda se nahIM ho sakatA hai| jAti meM zakti mAnakara yadi vyakti kA bhAna AkSepa se mAnA jAya to usakA zAbda-bodha meM anvaya nahIM ho skegaa| kyoMki 'zAbdI hi AkAGkSA zabdenaiva pUrvate' isa siddhAnta ke anusAra zabda-zakti se labhya artha kA ho zAbdabodha meM anvaya ho sakatA hai / AkSepa labhya artha zAbda- bodha meM anvita nahIM ho sakatA hai / isIliye naiyAyikoM ke matAnusAra kevala vyakti yA kevala jAti kisI eka meM zaktigraha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isaliye 'vyaktyAkRtijAtayastu padArtha:' [ nyAyasUtra 2,2,68 ] 'jAti tathA AkRti se viziSTa vyakti pada kA artha hotA hai' yaha naiyAyika siddhAnta hai| isake anusAra 'jAtiviziSTa vyakti meM saGketagraha mAnanA cAhiye yaha naiyAyikamata hai aura isI bAta ko granthakAra ne 'tadvAn ' zabdArtha : - kahakara vyakta kiyA hai| bauddhadarzanakAroM ke anusAra 'padArtha' kA svarUpa jAti athavA vyakti Adi kucha nahIM hai api tu, 'apoha' rUpa hai 'yA ca mUmivikalpAnAM sa eva viSayo girAm / ata eva hi zabdArtha manyApohaM pracakSate // ' bAhyAnumeyArthavAdI bauddha dArzanikoM ke anusAra 'apoha' ke abhiprAya ko jayantabhaTTa ne isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA hai 'yadyapi vidhirUpeNa gaurazva iti teSAM pravRttistathApi nItivido'nyApoha viSayAneva tAn vyavasthApayanti' yathoktaM- 'vyAkhyAtAraH khalvenaM vivecayanti na vyavaharttAraH' iti / so'yaM nAntaro na bAhyo'nya eva kazcidAropita AkArI vyAvRtticchAyAyogAdapohazabdArtha ucyate, itIya masatkhyAtivAdagarbhA saraNiH / '

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dvitIya ullAsaH karaNyAbhAvAd vyApterabhAvenA''kSepAsambhavAt tAdAtmyasambandhena vyApterabhyupagame'pi vyaktepadArtha vibhaktyarthasaMGkhyAkarmatvAdervyaktAvananvayaH, suvibhaktInAM prakRtyarthAnvitasvArthabAdhakatvavyutpatteH, prakRtitAtparyaviSaye tadanvayavyutpattau lakSaNAvyucchedaH, zaktigrAhakAnayanAdivyavahArasya jAtiviSayatvAbhAvazca / 51 yadi 'suvibhaktInAM prakRtyarthAnvitasvArthabodhakatvam" isa vyutpatti meM prakRtyartha kA artha 'prakRti tAtparyArtha' leM taba to AkSipta vyakti bhI prakRti go kA tAtparyArtha hai hI, usameM subartha saMkhyAkAraka ke anvaya hone meM pUrvokta virodha nahIM hogA, parantu aisI vyutpatti mAnane para lakSaNAvRtti kA uccheda ho jAyagA, kyoMki tAtparya meM praviSTa sabhI arthaM prakRtyarthaM hone se unameM saMkhyAkArakAdi ke anvaya ho jAne para kahIM mukhyArtha meM bAdhA nahIM Ane se lakSaNA kA avasara hI nahIM rhegaa| sarvazreSTha upAya vyavahAra ko uttama vRddha jaba madhyama vRddha se dekha kara bAlaka isa saMketa dUsarA yaha bhI doSa isa mata meM hai ki zaktigrAhaka vyAkaraNAdi upAyoM meM mAnA gayA hai / vyavahAra meM AnayanAdi kArya vyakti kA hI dekhA gayA hai| isalie 'gAm Anaya' kahegA aura uttama vRddha ke vAkya ko sunakara madhyama vRddha ko gAya ko lAte se jisa artha kA grahaNa karegA vaha vyaktisvarUpa hogA, jAtisvarUpa nhiiN| isa taraha jAti meM vyavahAra ke dvArA saMketagraha ke abhAva ke kAraNa bhI mAnanA cAhie ki jAti hI zakyArtha nahIM hai / nyAya ke mata meM tadvAn ( jAtimAn ) ko zabdArtha mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha zakti kA viSaya jAtiviziSTa vyakti hogA aura zakyatAvacchedaka hogA guru zarIravAlA jAtiviziSTa tattadvyaktitva / isa taraha gaurava hone se nyAyamata bhI granthakAra mammaTa ko yukti-yukta nahIM lagA / isa lie unheM vyakti pakSa hI UhApoha ke bAda ucita lagatA dikhAI detA hai| aura vijJAnavAdI bauddhAcAryoM ke anusAra yahI ( jayanta bhaTTa ke hI zabdoM meM ) - 'athavA vikalpapratibimbakaM jJAnAkArakamAtrameva tadabAhyamapi vicitra vAsanAmedopAhitarUpamevaM bAhyavadavabhAsamAnaM lokayAtrAM birmAtta vyAvRtticchAyAyogAcca tadapoha iti vyavahriyate, seyamAtmakhyAtigarbhA saraNiH / ' * tathA apohavAdI bauddhAcAryoM kA bhI yahI mata hai 'tulye'pi mede zamane jvarAdeH kAzcid yathA voSadhayaH samarthAH / sAmAnyazUnyA api tadvadeva syurvyaktayaH kAryavizeSayuktAH // vizeSaNAdivyavahAraklU ptistucche'pyapohe na na yujyate naH / atazca mA kAri bhavadibhareSA jAtyAkRtivyaMktipadArthacintA // ' Azaya yaha hai ki - bauddhadArzanikoM kA saGketa - graha ke viSaya meM apanA alaga mata hai| unake mata meM zabda kA artha apoha hotA hai / 'apoha' kA artha hai 'ataduvyAvRtti' athavA 'tadubhinnabhinnatva' / dasa ghaTa vyaktiyoM meM 'ghaTaH ghaTa:' isa prakAra kI ekAkAra- pratIti kA kAraNa naiyAyika Adi 'ghaTatva-sAmAnya' ko mAnate haiN| unakA 'sAmAnya' eka nitya padArtha hai kyoMki 'nityatve sati anekasamavetaM sAmAnyam' yaha sAmAnya kA lakSaNa hai| isake anusAra 'sAmAnya' nitya hai | parantu bauddhoM kA pahalA siddhAnta 'kSaNabhaGgavAda' hai / unake mata se sAre padArtha 'kSaNika' haiM isaliye ve 'sAmAnya jaise kisI nitya padArtha ko nahIM mAnate / usake sthAna para anugata pratIti kA kAraNa ve 'apoha' ko mAnate haiM / apoha zabda bauddhadarzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai / isake 'atadvyAvRtti' athavA 'tadbhinnabhinnatva' artha ke anusAra 'dasa ghaTa-vyaktiyoM' meM jo 'ghaTaH ghaTa:' isa prakAra kI anugata pratIti hotI hai usakA kAraNa 'aghaTa - vyAvRtti' yA 'ghaTabhinnabhinnatva' hai| pratyeka ghaTa aghaTa arthAt ghaTabhinna sAre jagat se bhinna hai / isaliye usameM 'ghaTaH ghaTaH' yaha eka-sI pratIti hotI hai / ataH bauddhoM ke mata meM 'apoha' hI zabda kA artha hotA hai usI meM saGketagraha mAnanA cAhiye / (sampAdaka)

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52 Chichikhalth nyAyAdimate'pi jAtyAdeH zaktiviSayatve gauravam / tasmAd vyaktipakSa eva kSodakSamaH, avyApakasyAnumitiviSayatve'tiprasaGgasya vyApakatAvacchedakatveneva, azakyasyApi zAbdabodhaviSayatve'tiprasaGgasya zakyatAvacchedakatvenaiva nirAsAt kathamanyathA lakSyatAvacchedakopasthitiH, ? nahi tatrApi lakSaNA, nanu vyApakatAvacchedakena samaM vyApterabhAvAllakSyatAvacchedake saMyuktasamavAyAdirUpasya lakSye ca saMyogAtmakasya sambandhasyaikyAbhAvAd lakSaNAdvayasvIkAre svatantrobhayopasthitiprasaGgAcca tadubhayatra niyAmakAntara svIkAro'stu zaktistu vAgdevatAvijJAnAdirUpA'tiriktapadArtharUpA vA viziSTagocarikaiveti niyatopasthityarthaM viziSTa evaM sA'stviti cedu, maivaM / vyApakatAlakSyatAvacchedakopasthitinimittaklRptopAyAntareNaiva zakyatAvacchedakopasthitisambhave zaktAvapyavacchedakaviSayatvakalpanAyAM gauravAt / na coktabAdhakena yaddharmAvacchinne vyApakatAgrahaH sa dharmo'vyApako'pi bhAsate, evaM yaddharmAvacchinne zakyasambandhagrahaH sa dharmo'lakSyo'pi bhAsata iti niyamadvaya kalpane'pi tRtIyaniyamasyAklRptatvAd naikopAyatAtritaya sAdhAraNakaniyamAbhAvAditi vAcyam, AkAzAdipade'zakyasyApi zabdAzrayatvAderbhAnAt tRtIyaniyamasyApyavazya jaise avyApaka ke anumiti - viSayatvarUpa atiprasaGga ke nivAraNa ke lie vyApakatAvacchedakatvena upasthita ko hI anumiti- viSaya mAnA jAya aisA mAnate haiM; usI taraha azakya ko zAbdabodhaviSayatvarUpa atiprasaGga ke nivAraNa ke lie zakyatAvacchedakatvena upasthita kA hI zAbdabodha meM praveza ho aisA mAnA jAnA Avazyaka hai anyathA lakSyatAvacchedakatvena (uddezyatAvacchedakatvena) sakala ghaTa kI upasthiti ho hI nahIM skegii| isa taraha vyakti meM zakti mAnane para bhI sakala-ghaTa kI upasthiti zakyatAvacchedakatvena sambhava hai / ghaTatvena sakala ghaTa kI upasthiti ke lie bhI lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI / ( vaha to vyakti meM mAnI jA cukI hai / ) aura vyApakatAvacchedaka ke sAtha vyApti ke abhAva ke kAraNa, lakSyatAvacchedaka ( uddezyatAvacchedaka ) ghaTatva ke sAtha saMyuktasamavAya- sambandha aura lakSya (ghaTa) ke sAtha saMyoga-sambandha hone ke kAraNa eka sambandha ke abhAva hone se do lakSaNA svIkAra karane para donoM ke svatantratayA upasthitirUpa doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie donoM meM koI anya niyAmaka svIkAra kareMge, para zakti ko to vAgdevatA ke vijJAnAdisvarUpa athavA koI atirikta padArtharUpa hI mAneMge, vaha zakti ghaTatvaviziSTa ghaTa hone se viziSTagocarA hI hogii| isa taraha niyatopasthiti ke lie viziSTa meM hI zakti mAnanI cAhie aisA nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki vyApakatAvacchedaka aura lakSyatAvacchedaka kI upasthiti ke lie kalpita upAyAntara se hI jaba zakyatAvacchedaka kI upasthiti sambhava hai to zakti meM bhI avacchedaka viSayatva kI kalpanA meM gaurava hogA / ukta (gaurava rUpa) bAdhA ke kAraNa yaddharmAvacchinna meM vyApakatA kA bodha huA hai, vaha avyApaka hokara bhI bhAsita hogA tathA isI taraha yaddharmAvacchinna meM zakyasambandhagraha huA hai, vaha dharma alakSya hote hue bhI bhAsita ho, isa taraha ke do niyama mAnane para bhI koI tIsarA aura niyama ho sakatA hai; jisakI kalpanA nahIM kI gayI hai, isa prakAra eka upAya kI kamI zeSa raha hI jAtI hai| aisA koI eka niyama banAyA nahIM jA sakatA; jo tInoM jagaha lAgU ho; aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie | kyoMki AkAzAdi pada meM zabdAzrayarUpa azakya artha kA bhI bhAna ho rahA hai; isalie koI tIsarA niyama bhI avazya kalpita karanA hogA aura isa taraha viziSTa zaktivAda ko nirdoSa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / sAmAnyalakSaNA pratyAsatti ke kAraNa vyakti, zaktivAda meM yaha doSa nahIM hotA; kyoMki eka ghaTa vyakti ke bodha ke bAda ghaTatvarUpa sAmAnya ko AdhAra banA kara sakalaghaTa kA bodha ho jAyagA / jAtizaktivAda meM bhI sAmAnya lakSaNA - pratyAsatti mAnanA Avazyaka hI hai; anyathA tadAdi sarvanAma pada se jaba dharmAntara ( ghaTatvAdi) viziSTa (ghaTAdi) meM zaktigraha hone ke kAraNa dharmAntara (ghaTatvAdi) viziSTa padArtha (ghaTAdi) hI zAbdabodha kA viSaya banegA taba buddhistha padArtha

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dvitIya ullAsaH [sU0 11 ] sa mukhyo'rthastatra mukhyo vyApAro'syAbhidhocyate // 8 // sa iti sAkSAtsaGketitaH / prasyeti zabdasya / 53 kalpanIyatvAt, sAmAnyalakSaNAzrayaNAcca na vyaktizaktipakSoktadoSaH, tadAdipade dharmAntaraviziSTe zaktigraheNa dharmAntaraviziSTapadArthasya zAbdabodhaviSayatayA buddhisthatvasyAprakAratayA ca samAnaprakAra - katvasyAniyAmakatvAt, buddhisthatvena sakalaprakAropasthiti vinA teSu zaktigrahAsambhavena jAtizaktAvapi tadAzrayaNAvazyakatvAditi yuktamutpazyAmaH / nanu vAcyalakSyavyaGgayAH padArthA iti vibhAgo'nupapannaH, mukhyatvena prasiddhasya turIyasyApi bhAvAd ata Aha-- mukhya iti / sa ityavadhAraNagarbhaM padam kuta etad ? ityAha- tatreti / asya zabdasya yatrArthe'bhidhArUpo vyApAraH sa mukhye ucyate ityarthaH / yadvA'bhidhAyaka lakSaNamuktvA'bhidhA lakSaNamAha-tatra eti, mukhyaMvyApAratvaM ca tallakSaNam, mukhyatvaM ca vRttyantarAnupajIvakatvamiti prAJcaH / vayaM tu nanu yadyupAdhAveva zaktistadA kathaM vyaktibhAnaM ? tad bhAnasya bhaTTamatavadAnumAnikatve'rthA (paTAdi) prakAratayA upasthita nahIM hogaa| isa taraha samAna prakArakatva ko niyAmaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / buddhisthatvena sakala prakAra kI upasthiti ke binA unameM zaktigraha asambhava ho jAyagA isalie jaba jAtipakSa meM bhI sAmAnyalakSaNA pratyAsatti mAnanA Avazyaka hI hai to vyaktivAda meM bhI usakA sahArA lenA koI doSa nahIM hai / zrabhidhA-nirUpaNa [sUtra 11] - yaha uparyukta catuvidha saGketita artha hI vaha artha hai jise ( zabda kA) mukhya arthaM kahA karate haiM aura isa catuvidha saGketita artha ke avabodhana meM zabda kA jo vyApAra hai vaha 'abhidhA' (vyApAra athavA abhidhAzakti) kahalAtA hai / isa kArikA meM 'saH' kA abhiprAya hai 'sAkSAt saGketita rUpa artha' aura 'asya' kA abhiprAya hai 'zabda kA' / 'nanu vAcyalakSyavyaGGghAH' ityAdi ( TIkArtha ) - padArthoM arthAt zabdArtho kA vibhAga- vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgyarUpa meM karanA anupayukta hai kyoMki mukhyArtharUpa meM prasiddha arthaM kA koI cauthA vibhAga bhI ho sakatA hai ? isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke lie likhate haiMsa mukhyortha:- yahA~ 'sa' yaha pada nizcayArtha ko lie hue hai| yaha kaise ? ise sUcita karane ke lie 'tatra' likhA gayA hai / isa taraha isakA artha huA ki jisa zabda kA jisa artha meM abhidhArUpa vyApAra hai vaha mukhya artha hai kyoMki abhidhAvyApAra zabda kA mukhyavyApAra hai ataH usa mukhyavyApArake kAraNa prakaTa hone vAlA artha mukhyArtha hai / isa taraha vAcyArtha se atirikta koI mukhyArtha nahIM hai jisase ki zabdArtha kA mukhyArthaM nAmaka cauthA bheda mAnA jAya / athavA yaha bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai ki - 'pUrva kArikA meM abhidhAyaka ke lakSaNa kahane ke bAda isa kArikA abhidhA (vyApAra) kA lakSaNa batAte haiM / ' mukhya vyApAratva hI abhidhA kA lakSaNa hai arthAt jo mukhya vyApAra hai use hI abhidhA kahate haiM / abhidhA vyApAra mukhya isa lie hai ki vaha kisI aura vRtti kA Azraya lekara nahIM jItI hai| aisA prAcInoM kA mata hai / hama to - yadi vyakti kI upAdhi meM hI zakti hai taba vyakti kA bodha kaise hogA ? vyakti ke bhAna ko yadi bhaTTa mata kI taraha AnumAnika yA arthApatti- labhya mAneM to AkSipta yA anumAnalabhya kA zabdabodha meM anvaya

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54 [sU0 12] mukhyArthabAdhe tadyoge rUDhito'tha prayojanAt / anyo'rtho lakSyate yat sA lakSaNAropitA kriyA // e // 'karmariNa kuzala' ityAdau darbhagrahaNAdyayogAt, 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa' ityAdau ca gaGgAdInAM ......]' zAbdabodha meM bhAna nahIM hogA, vyakti zAbdabodha kA viSaya nahIM pattilabhyatve vA tasya zAbdabodhaviSayam [" kAvyaprakAzaH jaise nahIM hote dekhA gayA, usI taraha vyakti kA bhI banegA ? (yahA~ se lakSaNA ke mUla lakSaNa kI vyAkhyA kA bhAga khaNDita hai / ataH sandarbha zuddhi ke lie nIce kA bhAga prastuta hai ) - lakSaraNA-nirUpaNa [sU0 12] 1 - mukhyArthabAdha (arthAt anvaya kI anupapatti yA tAtparya kI anupapatti) hone para, 2 - usa pArtha ke sAtha ( lakSyArthaM yA anya artha kA ) sambandha hone para tathA 3 - rUr3hi se athavA prayojana vizeSa se jisa zabda-zakti ke dvArA anya artha lakSita hotA hai; vaha ( mukhyarUpa se artha meM rahane ke kAraNa zabda kA) Aropita vyApAra 'lakSaNA' kahalAtA hai / lakSaNA ke do udAharaNa "karmaNi kuzalaH " arthAt citrakarma Adi kisI vizeSa 'kAma meM kuzala hai' ityAdi meM 'kuzAn darbhAn lAti Adatte iti kuzala:' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra kuzoM ke lAne jaise artha kA koI sambandha na hone se mukhyArthaM kA bAdha hai isalie vivecakatvAdi sambandha se rUDhi arthAt prasiddhi ke kAraNa dakSarUpa artha kI pratIti jisa zabda- vyApAra se hotI hai use lakSaNA kahate haiM / isI taraha "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahA~ gaGgA pada ke mukhyArtha jalapravAha meM ghoSa (AbhIra pallI) kA honA asaMbhava hai isalie mukhyArtha meM bAdha hone, gaGgA (pravAha) ke sAtha sAmIpya sambandha hone se aura "gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH " kahane para jina zItatva pAvanatvAtizaya kI pratIti sambhava nahIM thI; una zaitya-pAvanatvAdi dharmoM ke pratipAdanarUpa prayojana se mukhya arthaM pravAha se jo amukhya artha tIra lakSita hotA hai vaha zabda kA vyavahitArtha viSayaka (mukhyArtha - vyavadhAnaviSayaka) Aropita zabda- vyApAra 'lakSaNA' kahalAtA hai / 'mukhyArthabAdha' lakSaNA kA pradhAna kAraNa hai| isIlie prAyaH kArikA meM usakA sarvaprathama upAdAna kiyA gayA hai / mukhyArtha-bAdha kI vyAkhyA do prakAra se kI jAtI hai| adhikatara vyAkhyAkAra mukhyArthabAdha kA artha 'anvayAnupapatti' mAnate haiM / "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM gaGgA kA artha pravAha (jaladhArA) hai aura ghoSa kA artha hai ahIroM kA gAMva / gaGgA kI dhArA para koI gAMva nahIM basa sakatA isalie gaGgA zabda ke sAtha lagAyI gayI AdhArArthaka saptamI kA ghoSarUpa Adheya ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie anvayAnupapatti hai hI / isa taraha anvayAnupapatti ko lakSaNA kA bIja mAnane se yahAM doSa na hone para bhI "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm " "nakSatraM dRSTvA vAcaM visRjet" ityAdi sthaloM meM sakala dadhyupaghAtaka prANiyoM tathA nakSatradarzanakAla meM kramazaH 'kAka' aura 'nakSatra' pada kI parasparA se mAnI huI lakSaNA kI siddhi ke lie tAtparyAnupapatti ko hI lakSaNA kA bIja mAnanA cAhie / anyathA apAdAna ke rUpa meM "kAkebhyaH " pada ke aura karmarUpa meM "nakSatram" pada ke kramazaH " rakSyatAm " aura 1. itaH paraM patradvayI caturNA pRSThAnAM mUlahastalikhitapratI nopalabhyata iti hanta ! sambandhayojanA tu hindyanuvAde vihitaiveti / -sampAdakaH

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dvitIya ullAsa: ghoSAdyAdhAratvAsambhavAd, mukhyArthasya bAdhe, vivecakatvAdI sAmIpye ca sambandhe, rUDhita: - tAtparyabalena yugapannIratIropasthitAvekAMzabodhe bAdhapratisandhAnakAraNatvakalpane vinAzapathamanyasya pramANayitumazakyatvameva / api ca lakSaNayA gaGgAtIratvena tadupasthityabhyupagame gaGgAMzasyopasthitistayA'sambhAvitaiva gaGgAnirUpitasaMyogasya gaGgAyAmasattvAt, gaGgAsambadhitvenopasthite gaGgAsambandhyanubhavAnupapatteH, ekasambandhidarzanenAparasambandhismRteH svasambandhitvAdeviSayatve hastidarzanAnantaraM hastipakasmRterapi hastisambandhiviSayatvApattazca / na ca gaGgAyAH zaktyA tIrasya lakSaNayA tadubhayasaMyogasya saMsargatayopasthitiriti vAcyam, yugapad vRttidvayavirodhAd, viruddhavibhaktyanavaruddhaprAtipadikArthadvaye'bhedAnvaya eveti vyutpattezca / ata eva rAjapuruSa ityatra rAjapade sambandhini lakSaNA na sambandhamAtre / na ca "dRSTvA" pada meM anvaya kI kisI prakAra kI anupapatti na hone se yahAM lakSaNA nahIM hogii|* "tAtparyabalena" ityAdi (TIkArtha)- ('gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahAM pr)| tAtparyabala se eka sAtha nIra aura tIra donoM kI upasthiti hone para eka aMza (tIra mAtra) kA bodha binA zapatha ke pramANita nahIM kiyA jA sakegA arthAt nIra aura tora donoM kI eka sAtha upasthiti hone para bodha kevala tIra kA hI hogA, aisA kahA nahIM jA sktaa| yadi lakSaNA ke dvArA gaGgAtIratvena padArthopasthiti arthAt gaGgAtIrarUpa meM padArthopasthiti mAneM to gaGgA aMza kI upasthiti lakSaNA ke dvArA asaMbhava hI hogI, gaGgAnirUpita saMyoga-sambandha gaGgA meM nahIM hai / gaGgAnirUpita-saMyoga tIra meM hai, gaGgA meM nhiiN| yadi gaGgAsambandhitvena tIra kI upasthiti mAne to gaGgAsambandha kA anubhava nahIM hogaa| arthAt tIra gaGgAsambandhI hai aisA anubhava hone para bhI gaGgA aura tIra ke bIca jo sAmIpyasambandha hai usakA anubhava nahIM ho sakegA / eka sambandhI ke darzana se apara sambandhI kA smaraNa hotA hai. isalie gaGgAsambandhitvena upasthiti mAnane para tIrasambandhitva ko bhI yadi smRti ke kAraNa lakSaNA kA viSaya mAnA jA sakatA hai aisA kaheM to hAthI ke dekhane ke bAda mahAvata (hastipaka) ke smaraNa ko bhI hastisambandhiviSayatva mAnanA pdd'egaa| yadi yaha kaheM ki gaGgA kI zakti se, tIra kI lakSaNA se aura gaGgA tathA tIra donoM ke saMyoga kI saMsargarUpa se upasthiti ho jAyagI, to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki eka sAtha do vRttiyoM kI upasthiti ko viruddha mAnA gayA hai| viruddha vibhakti se anavaruddha (ayukta) do prAtipadikArthoM meM abhedAnvaya hI mAnanA cAhie, isa prakAra kI vyutpatti hai| isalie 'rAjapuruSaH' yahAM rAja pada meM sambandhI meM lakSaNA karate haiM sambandha mAtra meM lakSaNA nahIM karate / * nAgezabhaTTa ne 'paramalaghu maJjUSA' meM 'anvayAnupapatti' ke sthAna para 'tAtparyAnupapatti' ko lakSaNA kA bIja mAnA hai aura usakA yaha hetu diyA hai ki 'yadi anvayAnupapatti ko lakSaNA kA bIja mAnA jAyagA to 'kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm' isa prayoga meM lakSaNA nahIM ho skegii| koI vyakti apanA dahI bAhara rakhA huA chor3akara kisI kAma se tanika dera ke liye kahIM jA rahA hai| vaha calate samaya apane sAthI se kahatA hai ki 'jarA kauoM se dahI ko bacAnA' / isakA abhiprAya kevala kauoM se bacAnA hI nahIM hai apitu kaue, kutte Adi jo koI dahI ko bigAr3ane yA khAne kA prayatna kareM, una sabase dahI kI rakSA karanA hai| yaha abhiprAya 'kAka' pada kI 'dadhyapaghAtaka' artha meM lakSaNA karane se hI pUrA ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| parantu 'kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm' isa prayoga meM 'anvayAnupapatti' nahIM hai| saba padoM kA anvaya bana jAtA hai isaliye yadi anvayAnupapatti ko hI lakSaNA kA bIja mAneM to yahA~ lakSaNA kA avasara hI nahIM AtA / isaliye nAgezabhaTTa ne anvayAnupapatti' ke sthAna para 'tAtparyAnupapatti' ko lakSaNA kA bIja mAnA hai| anvaya meM bAdhA na hone para bhI 'kAka' pada kA mukhyArtha mAtra lene se vaktA ke tAtparya kI upapatti nahIM hotI hai isaliye lakSaNA karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| ataH 'tAtparyAnupapatti' ko hI lakSaNA kA bIja mAnanA cAhiye, yaha nAgezabhaTaTa kA abhiprAya hai| -sampAdaka

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56 kAvyaprakAzaH prasiddhastathA gaGgAtaTe ghoSa ityAdeH prayogAd yeSAM na tathA pratipattisteSAM pAvanatvAdInAM dharmANAM tathApratipAdanAtmanaH prayojanAcca mukhyenAmukhyo'rtho lakSyate yat sa Aropita: zabdavyApAraH sAntarArthaniSTho lakSaNA / tIratvena lakSaNayA toropasthitirna gaGgAtIratveneti vAcyam, gaGgApadAd yamunAtIrasyApyupasthityApatteH, tIreNa saha saMyogasya tIratvena saha saMyuktasamavAyasya sambandhatvena lakSaNakyAbhAvena tIratvopasthityanapapattezca / na ca tIratve paramparAsambandhena bhinnava lakSaNA, tathA sati tatra tIratvasyaiva lakSyatAvacchedakale tatprakArakabuddhyApattestatrApyuktarItyA lakSaNAntarApAtenAnavasthAprasaGgazca / na ca tIre tIratvameva tatra ca tIrameva lakSyatAvacchedakamiti vAcyam, evaM sati tIratIratvobhayaprakArakobhayavizeSyakabodhApatteH, tasmAd gaGgAtIratvena tIratvena vA zaktyaivopasthitiH sambhavati, zakyatAvacchedake ca na pRthaka zaktikalpanam, viziSTagocaraikazaktyupagamenaiva viziSTopasthitisambhavAditi / atha ghoSAdhikaraNatAyA jale'nupapattiH sthalamAtraviSayiNIM vRtti kalpayati na tu gaGgAsambandhAdiviSayiNImapi, taM vinA ghoSAdhikaraNatvAnupapatterabhAvAditi na gaGgAtIratvaviziSTe zaktiriti na gaGgAzabdAd gaGgAtIratvaprakArikA pratItiH, tIratvaprakArikA ca sA na zaktyA, yamunAtIrasyApi tata upasthityApattaH / tAtparyasya niyAmakatve gaGgAyA aparakUla iva vRttisattve kadAcid yamunAtIre'pi tAtparya syAt, iSTApattau ca tadA yamunA yadi yaha kaheM ki yahAM tIratvena lakSaNA karane ke kAraNa tIra kI upasthiti huI hai; gaGgAtIratvena tIra kI upasthiti nahIM huI hai taba to 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahAM yamunA-tIra kI bhI upasthiti ho jAne se Apatti aayegii| gaMgA kA tIra ke sAtha saMyogasambandha hai aura tIratva ke sAtha saMyukta-samavAya-sambandha hai isalie ubhayopasthiti meM eka lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jAyagI ataH tIratva kI upasthiti nahIM ho skegii| yadi yaha kaheM ki tIratva meM paramparA-sambandha se (saMyuktasamavAyasambandha se) mAnI gayI lakSaNA bhinna hI mAneMge to vahAM tIratva ko hI lakSyatAvacchedaka mAnane para tIratva-prakAraka-bodha hogaa| yadi vahA~ bhI pUrvokta rIti se (tIra meM) lakSaNAntara mAneM to ananta lakSaNA mAnane ke kAraNa anavasthA doSa aajaayegaa| yadi yaha kaheM ki tIra meM tIratva hI, hai ataH vahAM (gaGgAyAM ghoSa: meM) tIra hI lakSyatAvacchedaka mAneMge, to aisA mAnane para tIra aura tIratva ubhayaprakAra aura ubhayavizeSyaka bodha ho jaayegaa| isalie "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM gaGgAtIratvena yA kevalatIratvena tIra kI upasthiti zakti ke dvArA hI hotI hai aisA mAnanA caahie| isalie alaga-alaga zakyatAvacchedaka aura lakSyatAvacchedaka kI kalpanA nahIM karanI pdd'egii| zakyatAvacchedaka meM bhI pRthak zakti kI kalpanA nahIM karanI hogI kyoMki gaGgA aura tIra ubhayaviziSTa eka zakti mAnane se hI viziSTa kI upasthiti ho jaaygii| astu ; ghoSa kA adhikaraNa jala ho nahIM sakatA, isalie "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahA~ jala meM ghoSAdhAratA kI anupapatti-sthalamAtraviSayakavRtti kI kalpanA karane kA kAraNa banegI, kyoMki sthala (jamIna) ghoSa kA AdhAra ho sakatA hai / isalie pUrvokta anupapatti ke kAraNa gaGgA ke sambandha (sAmIpya) se yukta tIra-viSayaka vRtti kI kalpanA kA kAraNa nahIM bnegii| aisI sthiti meM "sthale ghoSaH" aisA artha to ho jAyagA kintu ApakA abhimata 'gaGgAtIre ghoSaH' isa prakAra kA artha nahIM ho paayegaa| kyoMki 'gaGgAtIra meM ghoSa hai' yaha kalpanA na karake yadi 'sthale ghoSaH' aisI pratIti ho jAya to bhI anvayAnapapatti haTa jAtI hai| jala aura ghoSa' donoM meM AdhArAdheyabhAva-sambandharUpa anvaya kI anupapatti kA parihAra sthalArtha

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dvitIya ullAsaH kUlopasthitirapi syAditi ced, maivam / tAtparyAnupapattereva vRttikalpanAhetutayA vyavasthApitatvAt, tAtparya ca gaGgAtIratvaviziSTe gaGgApadasya gRhItamiti tatra va zaktiH / 'kuntAH pravizantI'tyatra kuntavattvaprakArakabodhasya tvayA'pi svIkArAd, anyathA gaGgAdipadeSvapi tAtparyAnupapatteH sattvena tatrApi lakSaNApatteH / ____ yattu 'asmAcchabdAdamumarthaM budhyatAmi'tIcchayezvaroccaritatvaM zaktiH gaGgAdipade ca tIrAdibubodhayiSayA na bhagavaduccAraNamastIti na tatra zaktiriti maNikAramatam, tanna / gaGgAdipade tAdRzabhagavaduccAraNAbhAvasya jJAtumazakyatvAt, 'AyurvaM ghRtam' ityAdi zrutau lakSyabubodhayiSayA taduccAraNasyApi sattvAcceti / kI upasthiti se hI ho jAtA hai| isalie gaGgA zabda kI zakti gaGgAtIratvaviziSTa meM nahIM mAnI jA sktii| aura isIlie gaGgA zabda se gaGgAtIratvaprakArikA pratIti nahIM hogI arthAt gaGgA zabda se jo bodha hogA usa bodha meM gaGgAtIratva-prakAra nahIM hogaa| jaise ghaTa zabda se jo pratIti hotI hai usa pratIti meM ghaTatva-prakAra rahatA hai kyoMki vaha pratIti ghaTatvaprakArakaghaTavizeSyaka hai / aura zakti ke dvArA tIratvaprakArakapratIti bhI nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, aisA mAnane para gaGgA aura yamunA donoM meM tIra hone ke kAraNa yamunAtIra kI bhI upasthiti ho jaaygii| lAtparya ko yadi niyAmaka mAneM to yamunAtIra meM tAtparya nahIM hone se usakI upasthiti nahIM hogI parantu jaise gaGgA zabda kI vRtti aparataTa (kinAre) meM bhI kabhI hotI hai vaise hI kabhI yamunAtIra meM tAtparya hone para usakI bhI upasthiti ho jaaygii| yadi yaha kaheM ki yamunAtIra kI upasthiti honA iSTa hI hai to "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahAM yamunAkUla kI bhI upasthiti ho jAyagI, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki vRtti kI kalpanA meM tAtparyAnapapatti ko hI kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| gaGgApada kA tAtparya to gaGgAtIratvaviziSTa meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, vahIM usakI zakti hai| 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM lakSaNAvAdI bhI kuntavattvaprakArakapuruSavizeSyakabodha mAnate hI haiN| anyathA gaGgApada kI taraha tAtparya kI anupapatti hone ke kAraNa vahAM arthAt 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM kuntavattvaprakAraka bodha ke lie bhI lakSaNA mAnanI pdd'egii| "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahAM "zakti ke dvArA tIra artha kI upasthiti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki zakti kA lakSaNa vahAM para ghaTita nahIM hotA" maNikAra ke isa mata ko pahale uddhRta karake aura bAda meM usakA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM maNikAra kA jo yaha mata hai ki 'isa zabda se yaha artha samajhA jAya' isa icchA se Izvaroccaritatva hI zakti hai tIrAdi artha ke bodha karAne kI icchA se Izvara ne gaGgA zabda kA uccAraNa nahIM kiyA hai| ataH gaGgA zabda meM tIrArthabodhana-zakti nahIM hai isalie tIrArtha kI upasthiti zakti se nahIM ho sakatI, yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki gaGgAdipada meM Izvara ke usa prakAra ke uccAraNa kA abhAva hai isako jAna nahIM sakate / kisane dekhA yA sUnA hai ki Izvara ne isa zabda kA uccAraNa amuka artha ke bodha ke lie kiyA hai aura amuka artha ke bodha ke lie nahIM kiyA hai ? yaha prabhu kI icchA yadi mAnava ko jJAta ho jAya to Izvara kA Izvaratva hI china jAya / taba to artha kI pratIti dekhakara IzvarecchA kA anumAna lagAnA hI zaraNa hai| yadi hameM "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM gaGgApada se tIra artha kA bodha hotA hai to yaha anumAna hameM sahaja meM hI ho jAyagA ki Izvara ne gaGgA zabda kA uccAraNa tIra artha kA bodha karAne kI icchA se avazya kiyA hogaa| "AyurvaM ghRtam" isa Izvarokta zra tivAkya meM "AyuH" zabda se AyuHkAraNa artha kI pratIti zakti se hI hotI hai / isalie jise Apa lakSyArtha kahate haiM; usa AyuSkAraNarUpa artha kA bodha karAne kI icchA se Izvara ne 'AyuH' zabda kA uccAraNa kiyA hai / ukta veda vAkya se jaba yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki mukhyArtha se kucha dUra haTe

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kAvyaprakAzaH hAmahAsa hA ___ atra pratibhAti- zaktistAvat padArthAntaramityuktam, tacca gaGgAdipade prayogaprAcuryeNAnanyalabhyatayA pravAhAdAveva kalpyate, tIranaukAtRNaphenAdisahasrapadArtheSu klRptazakyasambandhenaivopapattau nAkluptasahasrapadArthAntarakalpanaM gauravAt / na ca zakyasambandhasyApi vRttitvakalpane gauravameveti vAcyam, dharmikalpanAto dharmakalpanAyA laghutvAt, nAnArthasthale naikazakyasambandho'parazakyasthala iveti na tenAnyathAsiddhiH / vastutaH zakyatAvacchedakarUpeNava lakSyasyopasthitiriti granthakAramatena na kA'pyanapapattiH, ekazakyatAvacchedakarUpeNAparazakyabodhasya zaktijanyatve saindhavAdipadAdapi taragatvAdiprakArakalavaNAdyapasthityApatteH / tena vilakSaNabodhAnyathAnupapattyaiva vilakSaNA vRttirAstheyeti gaGgApadena tIratvAdinA tIrAnupasthityA ca na yamunAtIrAdibodhApattiH, na vA tIre tIratvobhayaviSayakalakSaNAbhAvaprayuktadoSAvakAzo'pi, nApi kuntAH pravizantItyAdau kuntadharatvaprakArakabodhAbhyupagamanibandhanoktadoSaprasaGga iti sngksspH| hue artha kI pratIti karAne kI icchA bhI Izvara meM hai to gaGgA zabda se tIrArtha kI pratIti karAne kI icchA.bhI usakI rahI hogI; yaha tarka asvAbhAvika nahIM hai| yahAM aisA pratIta hotA hai ki zakti to koI padArthAntara hI hai / gaGgA pada meM prayoga kI pracuratA ke kAraNa aura anyalabhya nahIM hone se pravAhAdi meM zakti mAnate haiN| tIra, naukA, tRNa aura phenAdi aise hajAroM padArtha haiM jinameM kalpita zakyArtha kA sambandha hone se hI unakA bodha) siddha ho sakatA hai phira gaurava-doSa se haTakara akalpita hajAroM padArthAntara kI kalpanA vahAM nahIM karate haiN| yadi zakyasambandha kI upasthiti bhI vRtti dvArA mAneM to aneka zakyasambandha meM zakti mAnane ke kAraNa gaurava hogA hii| aisI kalpanA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki "dharmoM kI kalpanA kI apekSA dharma kI kalpanA laghu hotI hai|" arthAt gaGgA zabda se sAmIpyAdi-sambandhaviziSTa tIra, naukA, tRNa Adi meM zakti mAnane kI apekSA sAmIpyAdisambandha meM zakti mAnanA laghu hai / aparazakya-sthala kI taraha anekArthaka zabda-sthala meM eka zakyasambandha nahIM hotaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki jahAM gaGgA zabda apara (dUsare) artha tIra ko batAtA hai vahAM usakA zakya-sambandha arthAt tIrArtha ke sAtha sambandha vahI nahIM hotA jo usakA pravAha artha ke sAtha thA / nAnArthasthala meM bhI yahI bAta hotI hai / 'saindhava' zabda lavaNa artha ko jisa zakya-sambandha se batAtA hai vahI zakya-sambandha usakA azva artha ke sAtha nahIM hai| yaha spaSTa hai ki 'saindhava' zabda kI vyutpatti "sindho bhavaH" sindhu meM utpanna yaha artha prastuta karatI hai / yogarUDha hone ke kAraNa saindhava zabda 'lavaNa aura azva artha kA bodha karAtA hai| lavaNa sindhu ke pAnI meM hotA hai, azva sindhu pradeza meM hotA hai| isa lie 'saindhava' zabda azva artha ko jisa sambandha meM batAtA hai, usI sambandha meM 'azva artha ko nahIM batAtA hai| ____ isa lie anyathA-siddhi-doSa nahIM hogaa| pUrvazakya-sambandha se hI yadi Upara zakya kA bodha ho jAtA to anyathA-siddhi kahI jA sakatI thii| vastutaH 'zakyatAvacchedaka rUpa se hI lakSya kahe jAne vAle artha kI bhI upasthiti ho sakatI hai' granthakAra ke isa mata meM kisI prakAra kI anupapatti nahIM dikhAI par3atI hai| ekazakyatAvacchedakarUpa meM aparazakyabodha ko yadi zaktijanya mAneM to saindhava Adi pada se azvatvAdiprakAraka lavaNAdi artha kI upasthiti ho jaaygii| isalie vilakSaNabodha kI anyathA anupapatti ke kAraNa vilakSaNavRtti svIkAra kara lenI cAhie isalie gaGgA pada se tIratvAdi rUpa meM tIra kI anupasthiti hone para bhI yamunA-tIrAdi kA bodha nahIM hogaa| kyoMki vilakSaNa-vRtti ke kAraNa vilakSaNa (gaGgA tIra kA hI) bodha hogaa| tIra aura tIratva donoM ko viSaya banAkara eka lakSaNA ke na hone se jo doSa hotA thA usa doSa kA bhI avakAza aba na rahA aura "kuntAH pravizanti" ityAdi meM 'kuntadhArI puruSa praveza karate haiN| isa bodha meM kuntadhArI ko vizeSaNa banAne ke kAraNa ukta doSa Ane kI AzaGkA bhI nahIM rhii| isa taraha saMkSepa meM vicAra prastuta kiyA hai|

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dvitIya ullAsaH [sU0 13] svasiddhaye parAkSepaH parArtha svasamarpaNam / upAdAnaM lakSaNaM cetyuktA zuddha va sA dvidhA // 10 // 'kuntAH pravizanti' 'yaSTayaH pravizanti' ityAdau kuntAdibhirAtmana: pravezasiddhayarthaM svasaMyoginaH puruSA AkSipyante / tata upAdAneneyaM lkssnnaa| atha kArikAtrayeNa (13, 14, 15 sUtra:) lakSaNAyAH SaDvidhatvaM pratipAdayati svasiddhaye iti / 'svasiddhaye' zakyArthAnvayasiddhayarthaM, parAkSepo'zakyopasthApanaM, 'parArtham' azakyAnvayasiddhayarthaM, 'svasamarpaNa' svArthaparityAgaH, 'zuddhaiveti' zuddhAyA evaiSa vibhAgo na tu gauNyA apItyarthaH / nanu zakyavizeSaNakalakSyavizeSyakabodhajanakatvamupAdAnalakSaNaM 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa' ityAdilakSaNalakSaNAyAmativyAptam tatrApi gaGgApadena gaGgAtIratvaprakArakabodhajananAt, tIratvamAtraprakArakabodha - isake bAda "svasiddhaye parAkSepa" ityAdi "sAropAnyA tu, viSayyantaH kRte'nyasmin" taka 13,14 aura 15 saMkhyA kI kArikAoM meM lakSaNA ke 6 bheda batAte haiM / lakSaNA ke do bheda [sUtra 13]-vAkya meM prayukta kisI pada kA apane anvaya kI siddhi ke liye anya artha kA AkSepa karanA 'upAdAna' aura dUsare ke anvaya kI siddhi ke liye apane mukhya artha kA parityAga (samarpaNa) 'lakSaNa' kahalAtA hai, isa prakAra 'zuddhA lakSaNA' hI do prakAra kI (1-upAdAna-lakSaNA aura 2-lakSaNa-lakSaNA) kahI gaI hai| gauNI ke ye bheda nahIM hote| (yahA~) 'svasiddhaye' kA artha hai zakyArtha kI anvayasiddhi ke lie| 'parAkSepa' kA artha hai azakya artha kA upsthaapn| parArtham' kA artha hai azakya artha kI anvayasiddhi ke lie| 'sva-samarpaNa' arthAt svArtha (apane artha kA) tyAga / 'zuddhava' meM eva zabda hai isalie isakA artha hai ki upAdAna-lakSaNA ke hI (do bheda) saMbhava haiM gauNI lakSaNA ke nhiiN| upAdAna lakSaNA ke do udAharaNa - isa taraha jahA~ mukhyArtha vAkyArtha meM apane anvaya kI siddhi ke lie anya artha kA AkSepa kara letA hai aura svayaM bhI usa vAkyArtha-bodha meM banA rahatA hai vahA~ 'upAdAna-lakSaNA' hotI hai| isameM mukhyArtha kA bhI upAdAna (grahaNa) rahane ke kAraNa isa lakSaNA ko "yathA nAma tathA guNaH" kaha sakate haiN| 'kuntAH pravizanti' 'yaSTayaH pravizanti' isake udAharaNa haiM / "kunta" Adi acetana hone ke kAraNa praveza-kriyA meM anvita nahIM ho sakate the| isalie yahA~ mukhyArtha kA bAdha hone para kunta Adi zabda kA vAkyArtha meM apane anvaya kI siddhi ke lie puruSa pada ke AkSepa dvArA bodha karAyA jAtA hai| isa taraha pUrvokta anvaya kI bAdhA dUra ho jAtI hai kyoMki 'kUntadhArI yA lAThiyoM vAle puruSa praveza kara rahe haiM' isakA yaha artha ho jAtA hai| ataH svArthatyAga ke binA anyArtha kA upAdAna karane se yaha 'upAdAna lakSaNA' kahalAtI hai| isake viparIta jahA~ mukhyArtha anya artha kA vAkyArtha meM anvaya-siddhi ke lie tyAga kara detA hai vahA~ 'lakSaNalakSaNA' hotI hai / jaise 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' meM gaGgA zabda kA mukhyArtha pravAha ghoSa ke sAtha AdhAra banakara anvayasiddhi ke lie apanA tyAga kara detA hai aura sAmIpya-sambandha se tIra artha kI pratIti karA detA hai| yaha lakSaNA 'lakSaNalakSaNA' kahalAtI hai kyoMki yahAM gaGgA zabda kA pravAha artha tIra artha kA bodhaka banakara gayA hai| 'nanu zakya0' ityAdi (TIkArya) 'upAdAna-lakSaNA' kA lakSaNa yadi 'zakyavizeSaNaka-lakSyavizeSyaka-bodhajanakatvam' kareM to 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM kuntavizeSaNakataddhAripuruSavizeSyakabodha hone se lakSaNa ghaTita (samanvaya) hogA kintu "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" ityAdi

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kAmyaprakAzaH jananapakSe tu gaunityeti lakSaNalakSaNAyAmativyAptaM tatra goreva gotvavizeSaNatvAt / 'chatriNo yAntI'tyatrAvyAptizca tatra zakyasya cchatrasya lakSyasya chatrAbhAvasya ca na parasparavizeSaNavizeSyabhAva ityata AhaprAtmanaH pravezasiddhayamiti kuntAdeH pravezAnvayArthamityarthaH / na caivamapi kriyAnvayizakyopasthApakalakSaNAtvaM tallakSaNaM' paryavasitaM tacchatriNo yAntItyatrAvyAptaM,- tatra matUbarthena kriyAbhinnena cchatramyAnvayAditi vAcyam, aparapadArthAnvayizakyopasthApakalakSaNAtvasya tallakSaNatvAditi bhAvaH / pravizantItyatrAkhyAtasyA''zrayatvalakSaNAyAmidamupAdAnalakSaNodAharaNaM, kunte AkhyAtArthayatnabAdhena puruSalakSaNAyAM punarlakSaNalakSaNaveti bodhyam / lakSaNa-lakSaNA ke udAharaNoM meM ativyApti-doSa ho jAyagA; kyoMki vahA~ bhI "gaGgAtIra para ghoSa hai" isa bodha meM gaGgA kA (zakyArtha) pravAha vizeSaNa hai aura lakSyArtha tIra vizeSya hai / yadi yaha kaheM ki 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' kA artha kevala 'tIre ghoSaH' hai, isalie usa bodha meM zakyArtha vizeSaNa nahIM hai, to isa pakSa meM yahA~ doSa nahIM hogA kintu "gaunityA" isa lakSaNa-lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM ativyApti-doSa hogaa| yahA~ go vyakti nitya nahIM hai isalie mukhyArthabAdha hai, lakSaNA ke dvArA go zabda gotva kA bodha karAtA hai| yahA~ govyaktivizeSaNaka-gotvajAtivizeSyaka bodha hotA hai isalie lakSaNa-lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAne se ativyApti-doSa hogaa| . .. "chatriNo yAnti" yahA~ avyApti-doSa hogaa| chattevAle aura binA chatte vAle loga jaba jAte rahate haiM; taba chatte vAloM kI pracuratA ke kAraNa kahA jAtA hai "chatriNo yAnti" / pUrvokta bodha meM zakyArtha chatra aura lakSyArtha chatrAbhAva donoM meM paraspara vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva na hone se upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa samanvita nahIM hogaa| isalie vRtti meM "AtmanaH pravezasiddhayartham" likhA gayA hai / isakA artha hai ki 'kuntAdi ko praveza-kriyA meM anvaya-siddhi ke lie kunta zabda saMyoga-sambandha se sva-sambandhI puruSa kI pratIti karAtA hai|' isa taraha upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa isa rUpa meM phalita hotA hai ki 'kriyAnvayi-zakyArthopasthApakalakSaNAtvam / ' "kuntAH pravizanti" meM kunta zabda ke zakyArtha kA kriyA meM anvaya hai; isalie koI doSa nahIM hai| 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' meM gaGgA zabda ke zakyArtha pravAha kA kriyA meM anvaya na hone se vahAM ativyApti nahIM huii| yadi upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa "kriyAnvayi-zakyopasthApaka-lakSaNAtvam" yaha mAneM to 'chatriNo yAnti' meM avyApti-doSa ho jAyagA; kyoMki yahA~ zakyArtha-chatra kA kriyA meM anvaya na hokara matapratyayArtha arthAt inpratyayArtha (dhArI) meM anvaya hai| isalie upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa isa prakAra karanA cAhie ki "aprpdaarthaanvyishkyopsthaapklkssnnaatvm"| apara padArtha-dhArI padArtha meM anvita zakyArtha chatra kI upasthiti yahA~ lakSaNA ke dvArA hotI hI hai isalie doSa nahIM hogaa| 'pravizanti' yahAM AkhyAta kI lakSaNA agara Azrayatva meM karate haiM to 'kuntAH pravizanti' yaha upAdAna-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa hogA / AkhyAtArtha yatna, acetana kunta meM nahIM raha sakatA isalie yadi 'kuntAH' pada kI lakSaNA puruSa meM kareM to yaha lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa hogaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki vyAkaraNa-siddhAnta ke anusAra yadi tiGartha ko Azraya mAne to artha hogA 'kuntadhAripuruSAzrayaH pravezanAnukUlo vyaapaarH|' isa artha meM zakyArtha kunta kA bhI kriyA meM dhAri puruSapadArtha ke sAtha anvaya ho sakatA hai, isalie upAdAna-lakSaNA hai| kintu naiyAyika ke anusAra yadi AkhyAta kA artha yala mAne to acetana kunta meM yatna kA anvaya bAdhita hone ke kAraNa kunta zabda svArtha kA parityAga kara puruSa kI pratIti karAyegA, isa taraha yaha udAharaNa lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA hogaa| 1. upaadaanlkssnnaa|

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dvitIya ullAsaH nanu 'gaGgAya ghoSamatsyo' 'gAM pazyetyAdAvubhayatra tAtparye zaktilakSaNAbhyAmubhayopasthitivat kuntAH pravizantItyatrApi pravezanAnvayasyobhayatra tulyatvAd zaktilakSaNAbhyAmubhayopasthitirastu kuntanirUpita saMyogasya kunte cAsattvena lakSaNayA tadupasthiterasambhavAd vizeSaNatayA tadupasthitau ca padArthoMkadezasya kriyAnvayAnupapattezceti ced, na / viruddhavibhaktyanavaruddha padArthayorabhedAnvayavyutpattyA kuntaviziSTapuruSopasthiteruktaprakAreNAnupapatteH kuntaviziSTapuruSatvasya lakSyatAvacchedaka lakSaNayA tAdRzavidhibAdhakAbhAvAd daNDinamAnayetyAdAviva viziSTasya kriyAnvayenaiva vizeSaNagocaratadanvayavad, lakSyatAvacchedakasya zakyasya vizeSaNatopalakSaNatAbhyAmeva copAdAnalakSaNalakSaNayorbhedaH, kuntatvenaiva rUpeNa 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyo', 'gAM pazya' ityAdi sthaloM meM jahA~ ki zakyArtha aura lakSyArtha donoM meM tAtparya rahatA hai vahA~ jaise zakti aura lakSaNA donoM se donoM arthoM kI upasthiti hotI hai; usI taraha 'kuntAH pravizanti' yahAM bhI pravezanakriyA ke sAtha anvaya kI sambhAvanA donoM meM tulya hone ke kAraNa zakti aura lakSaNA donoM se zakya aura lakSya donoM arthoM kI upasthiti mAnanI caahie| lakSaNA se kunta artha kI upasthiti sambhava nahIM haiM kyoMki kunta meM kunta-nirUpita saMyoga sambandha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; aisI sthiti meM kunta artha ko lakSyArthaM nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki usameM zakyArtha- sambandha nahIM hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki 'kuntadhArI puruSa-rUpa lakSyArtha meM vizeSaNa banakara kunta artha kI bhI upasthiti hotI hai isalie kuntArthopasthiti bhI ho hI jAyagI, to yaha kathana yuktiviruddha hai / vizeSaNarUpa meM upasthita kunta artha padArthakadeza (lakSya-padArtha kuntadhArI puruSa kA eka bhAga) hogA, isalie padArthaikadeza kA kriyA meM anvaya nahIM hotA / siddhAnta hai ki "padArthaH padArthenAnveti na tu padArthakadezena " arthAt padArtha, padArtha ke sAtha anvita hotA hai; padArthaikadeza ke sAtha nahIM / isa lie "Rddhasya rAjapuruSaH " yahA~ Rddhasya kA anvaya "rAjapuruSaH" padArtha ke ekadeza 'rAjJa: ' ke sAtha nahIM hotA hai| ataH lakSaNA se yadi kuntadhArI puruSa kI upasthiti mAneMge to kunta kA 'pravezanakriyA' meM anvaya nahIM hogA; isalie yahA~ zakti se kunta kI aura lakSaNA se 'dhArI puruSa" kI pratIti mAnanI cAhie yaha bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie / kyoMki ukta rIti se yadi kunta aura dhArI puruSa donoM padArthoM ko svatantra mAnakara zakti aura lakSaNA se pRthagupasthiti mAneMge to unameM abhedAnvaya hogA aura taba kuntAbhinna puruSa isa prakAra ke ananvita artha kI upasthiti ho jAyagI / ananvita isalie ki kunta aura usako hAtha meM dhAraNa karanevAle puruSa donoM eka nahIM hai / abhedAnvaya ke lie eka siddhAnta hai ki 'viruddha vibhakti se anavaruddha jo padArtha haiM unameM abhedasambandha ho "viruddha vibhaktyanavarudvayoH padArthayorabhedAnvayaH " / arthAt aise padArtha jinake pratipAdaka padoM meM viruddha vibhakti nahIM hai; una padArthoM meM abhedAnvaya hI ho| jaise "nIlo ghaTa:" meM nIla padArtha aura ghaTa padArtha donoM ke pratipAdaka padoM nIla aura ghaTa' meM samAna vibhakti hai - prathamA vibhakti hai, isalie yahA~ abhedAnvaya hokara "nIlAbhinnaH ghaTaH " isa prakAra kA bodha hotA hai / isI taraha 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM kuntapadArtha aura dhArI puruSapadArtha - pratipAdaka zabda kunta meM viruddha vibhakti nahIM hai isalie abhedAnvaya ho jAyagA / phira kuntaviziSTa puruSa isa prakAra kA bodha nahIM hogA / isalie kunta kI zaktyA aura dhArI puruSa kI lakSaNayA upasthiti nahIM mAnanI cAhie / kunta-viziSTa puruSatva ko lakSyatAvacchedaka mAnakara lakSaNA se tAdRzavidhi --- usa prakAra kI vidhi arthAt kriyA ke anvaya- meM koI bAdhA nahIM aayegii| jaise 'daNDinam Anaya' meM daNDa viziSTa kA kriyA meM anvaya ke dvArA vizeSaNa daNDa kA bhI anvaya mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra kunta-viziSTa puruSa kA pravizanti meM anvaya hone para kunta vizeSaNa kA bhI anvaya mAnA jA sakatA hai / isa taraha upAdAna-lakSaNA meM lakSyatAvacchedaka zakya kI vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM pratIti hotI hai aura lakSaNa lakSaNA meM lakSyatAvacchedaka zakyArtha kI upasthiti nahIM hotI vaha dUsare kA upalakSaNa bana jAtA hai / yahI lakSaNA ke pUrvokta donoM prakAroM meM bheda hai /

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kAvyaprakAzaH mmmmmmmm kuntaviziSTapuruSopasthitipakSe ca na kA'pyanupapattiH / nanu chatriNo yAntItyatra cchatrapade ekasArthagamanalakSaNAyAM jahatsvArthApattiH gamanavattvenopasthitasya gamanAkAGkSAviraheNa yAntItyanenAnanvayApattizca / yattu cchatrapade chatrAbhAvaviziSTacchatre lakSaNA, vaiziSTayaM ca svAzrayagamanakAlInagamanavavRttitvaM, yadi cchatryacchatriNobhinnadezIyagamanavattve naitAdRzaH prayogastadA vaiziSTaye dezaghaTitaM sAmAnAdhikaraNyamapi pravezyatAm, yatra ca ekaH chatrI chatrazUnyAzca bahavaH tatra bahutvAnvayAnurodhAcchatra viziSTacchatrAbhAve lakSaNeti, tnn| yatra chatriNI dvAvacchatriNI ca dvau tatra kathitaprakArAbhyAM bahutvAnvayAnupapatteH / yattu cetanAcetanasAdhAraNasyakasArthagamanasya cchatrapadena lakSaNAt tasya chatrasAdhAraNyenAjahatsvArthatvam, zakyalakSyasAdhAraNadharmeNa lakSaNAyA evAjahatsvArthatvAditi maNikAramatam, tadapi na / chatravizeSa kuntatvarUpa meM hI kuntaviziSTa puruSa kI upasthiti-pakSa meM koI anupapatti nahIM hotI hai / astu 'chatriNo yAnti' yahA~ chatra pada meM yadi eka sArtha (samUha) dvArA kiye jAnevAle gamana artha meM lakSaNA karate haiM to yaha lakSaNA jahatsvArthA arthAt lakSaNa-lakSaNA ho jaaygii| isa taraha yahA~ lakSaNa-lakSaNA ke lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA; kyoMki chatrapada chatradhArI aura acchatradhArI samudAya kA upalakSaNa bana jaaygaa| dUsarA doSa yaha bhI hogA ki yadi lakSaNA dvArA chatra pada tAdRza chatradhArI aura acchatradhArI-samudAya-kartRka gamana kA upasthApaka banegA taba gamana artha meM chatra pada sAMkAMkSa nahIM rahegA, kyoMki gamanavattvarUpa meM to chatra pada se hI usakI upasthiti ho gayI hai kintu nirAkAMkSa ho jAne ke kAraNa 'chatriNaH' pada kA 'yAnti' pada ke sAtha anvaya na hone ke kAraNa Apatti aayegii| kisI ne pUrvadoSa ke samAdhAna ke lie jo yaha kahA ki-chatra pada kI chatrAbhAvaviziSTa chatra pada meM lakSaNA kareMge arthAt chatra pada lakSaNA ke dvArA chatrAbhAvaviziSTa chatra kA bodhaka hogaa| yahA~ vaiziSTaya svAzrayagamanakAlInagamanavavattitva-sambandha se liyA jAyagA / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba chatte vAle aura binA chatte vAle jA rahe haiM: taba kahA gayA hai| "chatriNo yAnti' sabhI chattevAle nahIM jA rahe haiM isalie yahA~ mukhyArtha bAdha hai aura upAdAna-lakSaNA hai chattavAle aura binA chatta vAle donoM kA anvaya eka hI gamana-kriyA meM hai isalie sva- (chatrAbhAva) meM Azraya (vidyamAna) jo gamana, usa gamana kA jo kAla arthAt vartamAna kAla usI kAla meM gamanavAna hai chatta vAlA usameM vRttitA hai chatra kI, isalie 'svAzraya-gamanakAlInagamanavad-vRttitva' sambandha se chatra pada chatrAbhAva-viziSTa chatra kA bodhaka ho jAyagA arthAt chatravAn aura chatrAbhAvavAna meM gamana-kriyA samAna hai isalie chatripada chatrAbhAvavAn sahita chatravAn kA bodhaka ho jaaygaa| __yadi chattevAloM aura binA chattevAloM ke alaga-alaga sthAnoM meM gamana karane para aisA prayoga nahIM hotA hai, aisA abhISTa ho to vaiziSTya meM dezaghaTita sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA bhI niveza karanA cAhie / arthAt jahA~ chattevAle aura binA chattevAle donoM kA gamana ekadezaghaTita ho vahIM lakSaNA hogii| jahA~ para eka chattevAlA aura bahuta se binA chattevAle jAte haiM vahA~ chatraviziSTa chatrAbhAva meM chatra zabda kI lakSaNA hai, yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki jahA~ do chatradhArI aura do binA chatte ke hoMge vahA~ ukta prakAroM se lakSaNA karane para bahutva ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho paayegaa| tathA 'chatriNo yAnti' meM jahatsvArthA-lakSaNA ke nivAraNa aura ajahatsvArthA ke samarthana ke lie maNikAra ne kahA hai ki yahA~ "chatra pada se cetana aura acetana donoM ke samUha ke eka sAtha gamana kA bodha lakSaNA ke dvArA hotA hai| vaha gamana chatra-sAdhAraNa hai isalie yahA~ ajahatusvArthA lakSaNA hai / arthAt usa gamana meM chatradhArI bhI kartA hai isalie

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dvitIya ullAsaH NakapuruSavizeSyakabodhAnubhavena tadanupapAdanAt, zakaTArUDhAnAM chatrANAM nizchatrANAmeva puruSAdInAM ca samAnakAle gamane chatriNo yAntIti prayogApatteranAkAGkSAdoSAnudvArAcceti ced, atra vadanti yathA puSpavantAdisthale ekayaiva zaktyA candratvasUryatvAbhyAM prakArAbhyAM bodhyate zakyatAvacchedakatA ca vyAsajyavRttiriti kevalacandratvAdiprakArakabodho lakSaNayava tathA chatrapadasya chatratve zakyatAvacchedakatvamavyAsajyavRtti, lakSaNA tUbhAbhyAM chatratvacchatrAbhAvatvAbhyAmiti lakSyatAvacchedakatvaM vyAsajyavRtti, evaM cobhAbhyAM rUpAbhyAmupasthitamubhayaM yathAyogyamanvetIti na kA'pyanupapattiriti / granthakAramate tu 'kuntA' ityatra lakSyatA'vyAsajyavRtti: 'chatriNa' ityatra ca vyAsajyavRttirlakSyatAvacchedakatA'tvavyAsajyavRttirubhayatrApi, kantatvenaiva kantadharasya cchatratvenaiva ca cchatratadabhAvayorupasthiterityavadheyam / na caiva zaktyA chatrasya lakSaNayA tadabhAvasyopasthitirityeva kuto nA'driyata iti vAcyam, tathA sati tayorasvArtha kA tyAga nahIM hone ke kAraNa ajahatasvArthA lakSaNA hai| lakSaNA meM jo ajahatasvArthatA AtI hai arthAt lakSaNA jo ajahatsvArthA kahalAtI hai isakA kAraNa hai usakA (lakSaNA kA) zakyArtha aura lakSyArtha ubhaya-sAdhAraNa-dharmamUlaka honaa"| yaha maNikAra kA mata bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki 'chatriNo yAnti' meM jo bodha hotA hai usa bodha meM chatra vizeSaNa hai aura puruSa vizeSya / isa taraha anubhavasiddha chatra vizeSaNakapuruSavizeSyaka bodha meM cetanAcetanasAdhAraNa eka sAtha gamana kA upapAdana nahIM hotaa| eka bAta aura-yadi maNikAra kI rIti kA avalambana kiyA jAya to jahA~ chatrI aura acchatrI donoM ke gamana kA deza eka nahIM hai, vahA~ bhI lakSaNA ho jAyagI; vahA~ lakSaNA ke rokane kA koI prayAsa maNikAra ke mata meM nahIM dikhAI par3atA / jahA~ chatradhArI zakaTa (gAr3I) para aura acchatradhArI puruSa (paidala) ekakAla meM jA rahe hoMge, vahA~ bhI 'chatriNo yAnti' isa prakAra kA prayoga hone laga jAyagA? "manArtha taka kI pratIti jaba lakSaNA se ho jAyagI taba 'yAnti' ke sAtha nirAkAkSa hone ke kAraNa anvaya nahIM hogaa|" isa pUrvokta doSa ke uddhAra kA prayAsa maNikAra ne nahIM kiyA hai isalie 'chatriNo yAnti' meM pUrvokta rIti se lakSaNA mAnane para diye gaye doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie kahate haiM puSpavantAdi zabda ke prayoga sthala meM jaise sUryatva-prakAraka aura candratva-prakAraka bodha eka hI zakti se hotA hai| isI lie 'amarakoSa' meM kahA gayA hai "ekayoktyA puSpavantau divAkara-nizAkarauM" / arthAt 'puSpavanta' zabda jisa taraha eka hI zakti se sUrya aura candra donoM kA bodha karAtA hai, ataH vahA~ zakyatAvacchedakatA vyAsajyavRtti hai arthAt candratva aura sUryatva donoM meM milakara rahatI hai, kisI eka meM pUrNarUpa se yA paryAptarUpa meM nahIM rahatI hai| isalie kevala candratva-prakAraka bodha arthAt 'pRSpavanta' zabda se kevala candra artha kI pratIti lakSaNA se hI sambhava hai; usI prakAra chatra pada kA zakyatAvacchedaka chatratva hai| chatratva meM chatra pada kI zakyatAvacchedakatA pUrNa rUpa meM rahatI hai isalie chatratva meM zakyatAvacchedakatva avyAsajyavRtti hai kintu lakSaNA ke dvArA jo yahA~ bodha huA hai, vaha bodha chatratva aura chatrAttvAbhAvatva donoM rUpoM se huA hai| isalie yahA~ lakSyatAvacchedaka chatratva-sahita chatratvAbhAvatva hai yaha donoM meM se kisI eka meM pUrNarUpa se nahIM rahatA, isalie vaha vyAsajyavRtti hai| isa taraha donoM rUpoM se upasthita donoM yogyatA ke anusAra anvita hote haiN| granthakAra ke matAnusAra "kuntAH pravizanti" yahA~ lakSyatA "avyAsajyavRtti" hai; kyoMki vaha lakSyatA, kevala kuntadhArI meM vidyamAna hai| arthAt yahA~ lakSyArtha kuntadhArI hai| isalie lakSyArtha kA Azraya kevala kuntadhArI hogaa| isa prakAra ekaniSTha dharma hone ke kAraNa "kuntAH" meM rahanevAlI lakSyatA ko avyAsajyavRtti-dharma mAnA gayA, kintu "chatriNo yAnti" kI sthiti isase viparIta hai| chatrasahita tathA chatrarahita puruSoM ko dekhakara yaha vAkya-prayukta 1. avacchedakatA tu avyAsajya iti chedH|

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kAvyaprakAzaH bhedAnvayApatteH, lakSaNApakSe tu lakSyatAyA lakSyatAvacchedakatAyA vA' [ zca] vyAsajyavRttitayA tadaikyena noktadoSaH, bhinnabhinnapadArthatAvacchedakAvacchinnayobhinnabhinnapadArthatAvaccheda kayorviruddhavibhaktyanavaruddhapadopasthApyayorevAbhedAnvayavyutpatterabhyupagamAditi dik / saMjJAyA anvarthatAM vyanakti - upAdAneneti zakyasyAparapadArthAnvayenetyarthaH, jAtAveva zaktirvyaktirlakSaNAlabhyA'nanyalabhyasya zakyatvAt na cAnvayAnupapattijJAnAbhAvAnna lakSaNeti vAcyam, gaurutpannA gaurnaSTetyAdau jAterutpAdAdyasambhavena tatsattvAt / taduktam 64 jAtAvastitvanAstitve, nahi kazcid vivakSati | nityatvAllakSaraNIyAyA vyakteste hi vizeSaNe // 1 // iti / huA hai isalie yahA~ lakSyArtha ke Azraya donoM haiM; ataH lakSyatA ekaniSTha dharma nahIM, kintu anekaniSTha dharma hai ataH yahA~ lakSyatA vyAsajyavRtti dharma hai / yadyapi donoM jagaha kI lakSyatA avyAsajyavRtti aura vyAsajyavRtti dharma hone ke kAraNa bhinna-bhinna hai, tathApi donoM jagaha lakSyatAvacchedakatA avyAsajyavRtti hI hai kyoMki kuntatvena kuntadhara kI aura chatratvena chatra aura chatrAbhAva donoM kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai / arthAt kuntAra meM vizeSaNa rUpa se anupraviSTa kuntatvarUpa sAmAnyadharma ke kAraNa jaise sakala kuntadhara kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai, usI taraha "chatriNaH " ( chatradhArI) meM vizeSaNa - rUpa se anupraviSTa chatratvarUpa sAmAnya dharma ke kAraNa chatra aura chatrAbhAva donoM kI upasthiti ho jAyegI / isa taraha kuntatvadharma jisa prakAra ekaniSThadharma hone se avyAsajyavRtti dharma hai, usI prakAra chatratva bhI ekaniSThadharma hone se avyAsajyavRttidharma hai yaha tathya yahA~ sAvadhAnI se samajhane yogya hai / isa taraha zakti (abhidhA ) se chatra kI aura lakSaNA se chatrAbhAva kI upasthiti huI hai, aisA hI kyoM nahIM mAna lete haiM, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki aisA mAnane para chatra aura chatrAbhAva donoM meM abhedAnvaya ho jAyagA / lakSaNA-pakSa meM to doSa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki isa pakSa meM lakSyatA ke vyAsajyavRtti hone ke kAraNa donoM arthoM meM ekatA hai yA lakSyatAvacchedakatA kI avyAsajyavRttitA ke kAraNa upasthita arthoM (chatra aura chatrAbhAva) meM ekatA hai isalie abhedAnvaya nahIM hotA hai / kyoMki una padArthoM meM abhedAnvaya mAnA jAtA hai jinakI upasthiti viruddha vibhakti-rahita padoM se hotI ho aura jo bhinna-bhinna padArthatAvacchedaka dharmoM se anta ho arthAt jinake padArthatAvacchedaka dharma alaga-alaga hoM, sAtha hI sAtha jo bhinna-bhinna padArthoM ke avacchedaka hoM / yahA~ lakSyatAvacchedaka kI avyAsajyavRttitA ke eka hone ke kAraNa donoM artha bhinna-bhinna padArthatAvacchedakA - vacchinna nahIM hai / jAti to na utpanna hotI hai na naSTa hotI hai| isalie naSTa, mRta ityAdi meM jAti ke utpatti aura vinAza se rahita hone ke kAraNa (vyakti) meM lakSaNA mAnanI par3egI / tatsattvAt arthAt 'lakSaNAyAH sattvAt' yahA~ 'vyaktI' kA adhyAhAra yA zeSa samajhanA cAhie / isalie kahA gayA hai ki koI bhI vyakti jAti meM astitva aura nAstitva kI vivakSA nahIM karatA hai / arthAt jaba koI kahatA hai "gornaSTA" "gaurjAyate" yA "gaurasti" to vaha go isa prakAra kI vivakSA nahIM rakhatA hai; kyoMki jAti nitya hai / isalie aise lenA cAhie | ve astitva aura nAstitva usI lakSaNA ke dvArA pratipAdya vyakti ke vizeSaNa banate haiM / jAti naSTa huI yA utpanna huI, yA hai; prayogoM meM lakSaNA ke dvArA vyakti artha 1. yahA~ 'vA' pATha hI mujhe yuktiyukta jAna par3atA hai| "vA" ke Age " avyAsajyavRttitayA " ke rUpa meM sandhiviccheda mAnanA caahie| pUrvApara- sandarbha se yahI pATha zuddha pratIta hotA hai / zleSa ke kAraNa lakSyatAyA ke sAtha "vyAsajyavRttitayA" aura lakSyatAvacchedakatAyA ke sAtha 'avyAsajyavRttitayA' kA anvaya mAnakara sandarbhAnukUla hindI anuvAda kiyA gayA hai| - anuvAdaka /

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dvitIya ullAsaH __ "gauranubandhyaH" ityAdau, zru ticoditamanubandhanaM kathaM me syAditi jAtyA vyaktirAkSipyate, na tu shbdenocyte| ___ "vizeSyaM nAbhidhA gacchet kSINazaktivizeSaNe' iti nyAyAt / vastutastAtparyAnupapattireva lakSaNAbIjam, anyathA 'gAM pazye'tyatra vyaktibhAnAnupapatteH, na ca zakyAdanyena rUpeNa jJAte bhavati lkssnnaa| na cAtra gotvAdanyena rUpeNa vyaktI jJAtAyAM jAtisambandhagraha iti vAcyam, aprayojakatvAt, gaGgAdipadAdau darzanamAtrasyotkarSasamatvAt, lakSaNA ceyamupAdAnarUpA, lakSaNalakSaNAbhyupagame gotvasyopalakSaNatApattau vizeSaNatayA tadbhAnAnupapatteH, upAdAnalakSaNAyAmeva zakyasya vizeSaNatayA bhAnAditi / maNDanamizramataM khaNDayati "gauranubandhya" ityAdAviti / prAkSipyate lakSyate, ucyate zaktyA pratipAdyate, kSINazaktiriti vizeSaNamabhidhAya viratetyarthaH, kathaM netyata Aha-nahyatreti, prayojanaM vyaGgyam, kuntA ityAdI bAhulyaM vastutaH lakSaNA kA bIja tAtparyAnupapatti hI hai anvayAnupapatti nhiiN| yadi aisA na hotA to 'gAM pazya' meM vyakti kA bhAna nahIM hotA / "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm" dahI ko kaue se bacAnA, yahA~ anvaya meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai isalie lakSaNA nahIM hotI aura billI Adi dadhyapaghAtakoM kA bodha nahIM hotaa| zakya se anyarUpa meM bodha hone para lakSaNA hotI hai| 'gAM pazya' yahA~ yadi vyakti meM lakSaNA mAneM to lakSaNA mAnane kA tAtparya hogA ki zakya (gotva jAti) se anyarUpa meM vyakti kI vahA~ pratIti hotI hai| aisI sthiti meM usa vyakti kA jAti ke sAtha sambandha kA grahaNa nahIM hogA; aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie; kyoMki darzana ke lie jAti-sambandha kA grahaNa ho hI, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| isalie 'gAM pazya' meM jAti-sambandha-graha kisI tathya ke nirdhAraNa yA anirdhAraNa kA prayojaka nahIM bana sakatA / 'gaGgAm pazya' meM gaGgA (vyakti) ke darzana ke utkarSa kI taraha go (vyakti) ke darzana ko bhI utkRSTa mAnA jA sakatA hai| "gAM pazya" meM jo lakSaNA hai vaha upAdAna-lakSaNA hai, lakSaNa-lakSaNA nhiiN| yadi lakSaNa-lakSaNA mAneM to vahA~ mukhyArtha, lakSyArtha ko vAkyArtha meM anvaya siddha karAne ke lie apane Apa ko samarpita karane ke kAraNa lakSyArtha kA upalakSaNa bana jAtA hai isalie gotva jaba vyakti kA upalakSaNa bana jAyagA to vizeSaNarUpa se bhI usakI (gotva kI) pratIti nahIM hogii| upAdAna-lakSaNA meM mukhyArtha kA bhI upAdAna rahatA hai| isalie vahA~ zakyArtha kI bhI vizeSaNatayA pratIti hotI hai| mImAMsakoM ke upAdAna-lakSaNa ke do udAharaNa aura unakA kramazaH khaNDana 'gauranubandhya' ityAdi paktiyoM meM suklabhaTTa, 'maNDana mizra' Adi mImAMsakoM ke mata kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai-pUrvokta pakti meM prayakta 'AkSipyate' kA artha 'lakSyate' hai| "na tu zabdenocyate' meM 'ucyate' kA artha zaktyA pratipAdyate 'zakti se pratipAdita (jJAta) nahIM hotA hai" yaha hai| (mUla)-'gauranubandhyaH-(gAya ko bAMdhanA cAhiye) ityAdi vAkya meM, zrati-pratipAdita merA-gau zadhda ke mukhyArtha 'gotva' jAti kA-'anubandhana' kaise bana sake isake upAdAna ke liye mukhyArtha jAti se amukhyArthabhUta vyakti kA AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai| kyoMki gotvarUpI 'vizeSaNa kA bodha karAne meM kSINa haI abhidhAzakti kisI bhI prakAra se go-vyaktirUpa vizeSya kA bodha nahIM karA sakatI haiM isa mukti se / ataH usa vizeSyabhUta go-vyakti kA bodha upAdAnalakSaNA dvArA hotA hai|

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kAvyaprakAzaH zaurya vA, kAkebhya ityAdau zIghrapAtitvam, chatriNa ityatra ca vRSTayAdibhayAbhAvo vyaGgaya iti bhAvaH / nanvevaM rUDhilakSaNaiveyamityata Aha- na veti, lakSaNaudAsInyenaiva prasiddharna nirUDhalakSaNA'pIyamiti bahavaH / tanna / lakSaNaudAsInyena prasiddhestenAnabhyupagamAt / ratho gacchatItyatrAkhyAte mImAMsakAnA lAkSaNika tvAGgIkArAcca anAdiprasiddhau nirUDhalakSaNA sAdivyaktau na sambhavati pravAhAnAditvaM vyaktau nopalakSaNamantareti na veti phakkikArtha iti subuddhimizrAH, tnn| prasiddhAvapi jJAnarUpAyAM pravAhAnAditvasyaiva sambhavena tAdRzAnAditvasya vyaktAvapi sattvAt, evaM dakSAdAvAdhunikasaMjJAzabdArtheSvapi sAmAnyato'nAdiprasiddhau bAdhakAbhAvAcca / "vizeSyaM nAbhidhA gacchet kSINazaktivizeSaNe" meM 'kSINazakti' kA artha, vizeSaNa ko kahakara virata honA, vizranti lenA, yA rukanA hai| maNDana mizra Adi kA mata kyoM mAnya nahIM hai, isakA kAraNa batAte hue kahate haiM "nAtra pryojnmsti""| . pUrvokta paGkti meM Aye hue 'prayojanam' kA artha 'vyaGgaya hai| 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM kuntadhArI puruSoM kA bAhulya yA zaurya vyaGgaya hai vahI lakSaNA kA prayojana hai / 'kAkabhyo dadhi rakSyatAm' yahAM zIghrapAtitva prayojana (vyaGgaya) hai| dadhyapaghAtaka anya prANiyoM kI apekSA kauoM kA zIghra ur3akara Akara dahI para par3anA hI vyaGgaya hai| "chatriNo yAnti" .. meM chattAdhArI hone ke kAraNa yAtrA meM vRSTi yA dhUpa Adi ke bhaya kA abhAva batAnA hI vyaGgaya hai-prayojana hai / isa .. taraha siddha hai ki lakSaNA meM kucha na kucha prayojana yA vyaGgaya avazya huA karatA hai| "gauranubandhyaH" yahA~ kucha vyaGgadha yA prayojana nahIM hai, isalie ise lakSaNA kA udAharaNa mAnanA ThIka nahIM hogaa| astu, prayojana nahIM hone se bhale hI yaha prayojanavatI-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa na ho, kintu 'nirUDhA lakSaNA' kA udAharaNa to bana hI sakatA hai; kyoMki "karmaNi kuzala:" Adi nirUDhAlakSaNA (rUDhimUlaka lakSaNA),meM kisI prakAra ke vyaGgaya yA prayojana kI apekSA nahIM kI jAtI hai| yahI kahate hue likhate haiM ki- 'na vA rUDhiriyam' yaha rUDhi lakSaNA bhI nahIM haiM kyoMki lakSaNA ke binA hI "gauranubandhyaH" meM vyakti artha kI upasthiti ho jAyA karatI hai yaha sarvAnubhava siddha hone ke kAraNa prasiddha hai / isalie yahA~ nirUDhA lakSaNA bhI nahIM hai isa taraha kI bahuta logoM ke dvArA kI gayI "navA rUDhiriyam" isa vAkya kI vyAkhyA yuktiyukta nahIM haiM, kyoMki mImAMsaka maNDana mizra ne lakSaNA ke binA vyaktibodha nahIM mAnA hai isalie unake mata meM lakSaNA ke binA vyakti kI upasthiti nahIM hone ke kAraNa vyakti artha ko prasiddha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| "ratho gacchati" yahA~ (naiyAyikoM ne) AkhyAta meM aura mImAMsakoM ne Azrayatva meM lakSaNA svIkAra kI hai| vaiyAkaraNoM ko binA lakSaNA ke hI vyApAra kI pratIti hotI hai parantu naiyAyika vahAM bhI lakSaNA svIkAra karate haiN| isa taraha kisI ko lakSaNodAsInyena (lakSaNA ke binA) yadi pratIti ho gayI, to vaha nirUDhA lakSaNA meM bAdhaka nahIM ho sktii| anAdikAla se prasiddhi rahane para honevAlI nirUDhA lakSaNA sAdi vyakti meM nahIM ho sktii| vyakti ko "dhAtA yathApUrvamakalpayat" isa zrati ke anusAra pravAharUpa meM anAdi, upalakSaNa (lakSaNA) ke binA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / isa taraha 'gauranubandhyaH' meM nirUDhA lakSaNA bhI nahIM mAna sakate ityAdi ("na vA rUDhiriyam" isa kA phakkikArtha-ulajhana se bharA huA tarkapUrNa artha) subuddhi mizra kahate haiN| kintu subuddhi mizra kA mata bhI yakta nahIM hai kyoMki jina arthoM ko prasiddha samajhA jAtA hai ve bhI jJAnarUpa meM hI rahate haiM to aisI prasiddha jJAnarUpa vastuoM meM unheM anAditva pravAha ke anAdi hone se hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| vaha pravAhAnAditva to vyakti meM bhI ho sakatA hai| isalie vyakti bhI anAdi prasiddha huA phira vahA~ nirUDhA lakSaNA ho hI sakatI hai| dakSa Adi jo Adhunika saMjJAzabda haiM, unake arthoM ko bhI sAmAnyarUpa meM pravAha ke rUpa meM anAdi prasiddha mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM pratIti hotii|

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dvitIya ullAsaH ityupAdAnalakSaNA tu nodaahrtvyaa| na hyatra prayojanamasti na vA rUDhiriyam / madhumatIkRtastu-nanu mA'stu prayojanavatIyamupAdAnalakSaNA niSprayojanaiveyaM nirUDharUpopAdAnalakSaNA'stvityata Aha-naveti / itthamupAdAnalakSaNAprayojanAbhAvo hi niruuddhtvvyaapkH| na copAdAnalakSaNA, nirUDhopAdAnatvasya prayojanavatIprabhedatvAdityartha ityAhuH / tanna / tena prayojanavattvasyopAdAnatvavyApakatvAnaGgIkArAt, svamate'pi 'citragu'rityatra lakSaNalakSaNAyA 'lambakarNa' ityatropAdAnalakSaNAyAH sambhave bAdhakAbhAvAcca, tasmAdevaM vyAkhyeyam / nanu kathaM nopAdAnalakSaNetyata Aha ' nAtreti / prayojanaM zakyasyAparapadArthenAnvayabodharUpam upAdAnatAprayojakam / upAdAnalakSaNAyAM madhumatIkAra ne "na vA rUDhiriyam" kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai : "gauranubandhyaH" yahA~ prayojanavatI upAdAna-lakSaNA' prayojana ke binA yadi nahIM hai, to rahe kintu yahA~ vinA prayojana ke honevAlI 'nirUDhA upAdAna-lakSaNA' kyoM nahIM ho sakatI? isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke lie vRttikAra ne likhA hai "na vaa"| isa prakAra isa paMkti se yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki upAdAna lakSaNA ke prayojana kA abhAva nirUDhatva kA vyApaka dharma hai| arthAt "yatra-yatra upAdAnalakSaNAprayojanAbhAvaH tatra-tatra nirUDhAtvam" isa taraha jahA~ prayojana nahIM hai, vaha sArI lakSaNA nirUDhA hogii| kintu yahAM upAdAna-lakSaNA (mAna hI nahIM sakate; kyoMki upAdAna-lakSaNA) kA 'prayojajavatI' upAdAna-lakSaNA eka hI bheda hotA hai jahA~ Apake vicAra se nirUDha upAdAnatva hai vahA~ bhI kucha-na-kucha prayojana nikAlA jA sakatA hai, isalie nirUDhopAdAna-lakSaNA bhI 'prayojanavatI' kA hI prabheda hai| isa taraha madhumatIkAra ne vRtti grantha kI nayI vyAkhyA prastuta kii| kintu unakI yaha vyAkhyA nirduSTa nahIM hai; kyoMki prayojanavattva ko upAdAna kA vyApakadharma nahIM mAnA gayA hai "yatra-yatra upAdAnatvaM tatra-tatra prayojanavattvam" aisA nahIM mAnA gayA hai| upAdAna rahane para bhI prayojana nahIM rahatA hai| isalie upAdAna-lakSaNA prayojanavatI hI hotI hai, yaha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| "citragum Anaya", kahane para jo vyakti lAyA jAyagA usake sAtha samAsaghaTaka padArtha citakabarI gAya nahIM aaegii| kintu 'lambakarNamAnaya' kahane para jise lAyA jAyagA usake sAtha samAsaghaTaka padArtha lambakarNa kA Anayana hogA ise vaiyAkaraNa kramazaH 'atadguNa-saMvijJAna-bahuvrIhi' aura 'tadguNa-saMvijJAna-bahuvrIhi' kahate haiN| samAsa meM zakti nahIM mAnane vAle dArzanika 'citragu' meM lakSaNa-lakSaNA mAnate haiM kyoMki yahA~ kA "citra-gu" zabda vyaktivizeSa kA hI bodha karAtA hai citrA aura gAya kA nhiiN| isalie "Anaya" rUpa vAkyArtha meM vyakti-vizeSa (lakSyArtha) kI anvaya-siddhi ke mukhyArtha kA samarpaNa kara detA hai| samAja meM zakti nahIM mAnane vAle dArzanika 'lambakarNamAnaya' meM upAdana-lakSaNA mAnate haiM, kyoMki yahA~ 'Anaya' rUpa vAkyAtha meM mukhyArtha (lambakarNa) saMvalita lakSyArtha (vyaktivizeSa) kA anvaya hotA hai / lakSaNA ke ina donoM udAharaNoM meM prayojana (vyaGgaya) kucha bhI nahIM hai; isalie spaSTa hai ki lakSaNa-lakSaNA kI taraha upAdAna-lakSaNA kA bhI 'nirUDhA-lakSaNA' nAmaka bheda hotA hai| isa prakAra pUrvokta paMktiyoM kI vyAkhyA isa rUpa meM kI jAnI caahie| isa nayI vyAkhyA ke anusAra "gauranubandhyaH" meM upAdAna-lakSaNA kyoM nahIM hai yaha batAyA gayA hai| "nAtra" ityAdi paMkti meM "gauranubandhyaH" meM lakSaNAbhAva kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai / prayojana nahIM hone ke kAraNa yahA~ lakSaNA nahIM hai / prayojana upAdAnatA ke prayojaka usa dharma ko kahate haiM jo zakyArtha kA dUsare padArtha (lakSyArtha) ke sAtha anvaya-bodhAtmaka hai| upAdAna-lakSaNA meM "kuntAH pravizanti" ityAdi sthala meM puruSa ke praveza ke sAtha anvaya-bodha ke lie puruSa meM lakSaNA hai| gauranubandhyaH yahA~ to jAti kA anubandhana kriyA meM anvayabodha ke lie vyakti meM lakSaNA nahIM (mAnI gayI) hai isake viparIta zakyArtha jAti ke anubandhana meM anvayAbhAva ke lie hI lakSaNA karate haiN| isa lie

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68 kAvyaprakAzaH vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAttu jAtyA vyaktirAkSipyate / yathA - 'kriyatAm' ityatra kartA / ' kuru' ityatra karma / 'praviza', 'piNDIm' ityAdI 'gRha', 'bhakSaya' ityAdi ca / hi 'kuntAH pravizantI' tyAdau kuntasya pravezAnvayabodhArthaM puruSe lakSaNA, na cAtra jAteranubandhanAnvayabodhArthaM vyaktau lakSaNA, api tu jAteranubandhanAnvayAbhAvArthameveti neyamupAdAnalakSaNetyarthaH / 'gaunitye 'tyatra zakya vyakterjAtivizeSaNatayA bhAne'pyupAdAnalakSaNAnabhyupagamAt 'chatriNa' ityatrAvyAptezca na zakyavizeSaNa bodhajanakatvaM tallakSaNamiti bhAvaH / nanu lakSaNalakSaNA neyamityuktam, upAdAnalakSaNA'pi cenna, tathA sati kimatra naiyAyikAdivacchaktirevetyata Aha- naveti, rUDhiH zaktiH AnantyavyabhicArarUpadoSasyoktatvAditi bhAva ityasmanmanISonmiSati / nanvevaM kathaM vyaktibhAnamityata Aha kintviti, vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAditi / nanu 'go- gotvayoH' sAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAt kathamatra vyAptiriti ceda, na / tAdAtmyena vyakterAzraye samavAyena gotvasyAzritatvAd yatra ' gotvaM sA gauriM 'ti (yahA~ ) upAdAna lakSaNA nahIM hai / "gaunityA" gAya nitya hai, yahA~ zakyArthaM vyakti kA jAti ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM bhAna (bodha) hone para bhI upAdAna lakSaNA nahIM mAnI gayI hai isalie; aura 'chatriNoM yAnti' yahA~ avyApti-doSa hone ke kAraNa "zakyavizeSaNa kabodhajanakatvam" arthAt jisa bodha meM zakya vizeSaNa ho, usa bodha ke janaka ko upAdAna - lakSaNA kA lakSaNa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isa taraha 'goranubandhyaH' yahA~ upAdAna lakSaNA kA abhAva batAyA gayA hai / yaha "gauranubandhyaH" lakSaNa-lakSaNA nahIM hai aura upAdAna lakSaNA bhI nahIM hai to kyA yahA~ naiyAyikAdi kI taraha zakti hI hai ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna dete hue kahate hai - "na vA rUDhiriyam" arthAt yahA~ rUDhi yA zakti bhI nahIM hai kyoMki rUr3hi yA zakti mAnane para Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa ho jAyagA; jaisA ki vyakti pakSa ke khaNDana ke samaya kiyA gayA hai / merI buddhi ke anusAra pUrvokta paMktiyoM kA yaha tAtparya dikhAI par3atA hai / acchA, yaha batAiye ki vyakti kA bhAna kaise hotA hai ? isakA uttara dete hue likhate haiM "kintviti" "vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAditi / " arthAt vyakti ke binA jAti raha nahIM sakatI hai isalie (avinAbhAva ) ke kAraNa jAti se vyakti kA anumAna (AkSepa ) kiyA jAtA hai| jaise "pIno devadatto divA na bhuGkte" devadatta moTA hai; parantu dina meM nahIM khAtA hai, isa udAharaNa meM jaise rAtri bhojana kA AkSepa kiyA jAtA usI prakAra "gauranubandhyaH " meM jAti se vyakti kA AkSepa hotA hai (yaha lakSaNA kA udAharaNa nahIM hai ) / yadi Apa pUcheM ki go (vyakti) aura gotva jAti donoM meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke na hone se vyApti kaise hai ? arthAt vyApti ke lie ekAdhikaraNavRttitA kA honA Avazyaka hai aura AkSepa ke lie vyApti Avazyaka hai / isalie yadi "gauranubandhyaH" meM jAti se vyakti kA AkSepa mAnate haiM to jAti aura vyakti - samAnAdhikaraNya honA Avazyaka hai | ataH batAiye ki go vyakti aura jAti meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kaise siddha kareMge ? tAdAtmya-sambandha se go vyakti go meM rahatA hai, kyoMki go vyakti aura go abhinna haiM; isa taraha go vyakti kA Azraya tAdAtmya-sambandha se go vyakti huA; usI go meM gotva-jAti samavAya - sambandha se rahatI hai isa taraha go vyakti aura jAti donoM kA Azraya ThaharatA hai / samAna adhikaraNa (Azraya) meM rahane ke kAraNa "go aura go vyakti" meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA abhAva nahIM hai; apitu sAmAnAdhikaraNya hI hai / "yatra gotvam sA gau:" isa rUpa meM dharma aura dharmI meM vyApti mAnI gayI hai| isa lie vahA~ vyApti kA abhAva nahIM hai; kintu vyApti hai / yaha " kintu " "vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAt " isa grantha kA Azaya hai / F

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dvitIya ullAsaH 1 'pIno devadatto divA na bhuGkte' ityatra ca rAtribhojanaM na lakSyate zrutArthA - patrapatrvA tasya viSayatvAt / 66 dharmadharmiNorvyAptisvIkArAditi bhAvaH / zrAkSipyate - anumIyate / prayogazcAtra - iyaM 'gauH, gotvAdityevaMrUpaH / anumeyasyApyarthasya zAbdabodhaviSayatvamityatra lokasiddhaM dRSTAntamAha-yatheti / adhyAhAre'pi na lakSaNetyAha - pravizeti / pravizetyatra 'gRha', 'piNDa' mityatra bhakSayeti ca yathA''kSipyata ityarthaH, iti bhaTTamatAnusAreNa vyAcakSate / subuddhimizrAstu bhaTTa 'jAtivyaktyorabhedAd na vyaktibhAnAnupapattiH vyaktyavinAbhAvazca, tattAdAtmyam, AkSepo'pi sAmAnyarUpatayA tadbhAnottaramanyatamarUpatayA bhAna mityAhuH / vayaM tu- nanvevaM vyakteranumAnavedyatvenApadArthatvAd vibhaktyartha saGkhyA karmatvAdyanvayAnupapattiH pratyayAnAM prakRtyarthagatasvArthabodhakatvaniyamasya vyaktimAtravAcakapazvAdipade klRptatvAt, 'padajanyapadArthopasthitereva zAbdabodhajanakatayA vyakteH zAbdabodhaviSayatAnupapattizcetyata Aha-vyaktIti / vyaktigrahakAraNIbhUtajJAne viSayatAsambandhena jAtervyaktivyApyatvAjjAtyA saha vyaktirAkSipyate upasthApyate zabdeneti zeSaH / tathA ca jAtiviSayaka zaktijJAnatvaM kAraNatAvacchedakaM jAtiviziSTavyakti viSayakajJAnatvaM kAryatAvacchedakam, iti "AkSipyate " kA artha hai anumIyate arthAt anumAna kiyA jAtA hai| anumAna kA AkAra hogA 'iyaM gauH gotvAt" yaha gAya hai kyoMki isameM gotva hai / anumita artha kA bhI zAbdabodha meM praveza hotA hai anumeya artha bhI zAbda-bodha kA viSaya huA karatA hai isake lie laukika yA loka prasiddha dRSTAnta dete haiM- "yathA kriyatAm ityatra kartA"-----.! jaise "kriyatAm' meM tvayA kartA kA, kevala 'kuru' kahane para karma kA AkSepa hotA hai / "praviza" piNDIm' kahane para 'ghara meM praveza karo aura piNDI ko khAo' isa rUpa meM 'gRham' aura 'piNDIm' kA AkSepa hotA hai / yahA~ kahIM bhI jaise lakSaNA nahIM mAnate haiM; usI taraha 'gauranubandhyaH meM bhI kisI prakAra kI lakSaNA nahIM hai / ina saba vAkyoM meM adhyAhAre'pi lakSaNA nahIM hotI hai yaha batAne ke lie kahA gayA hai - " praviza, piNDIm " praviza yahA~ para 'gRham' aura piNDam ( piNDIm honA cAhie ) yahA~ bhakSaya kA jaise AkSepa hotA hai vaise hI 'gauranubandhyaH' yahA~ jAti se vyakti kA AkSepa hai| jaise vahA~ lakSaNA nahIM hai; vaise hI yahA~ bhI lakSaNA nahIM hai / yaha (pUrvokta grantha kA) tAtparya hai / pUrvokta vyAkhyA bhaTTa mata ke anusAra kI gayI hai / subuddhi mizra ne kahA hai ki bhaTTa mata meM jAti aura vyakti donoM abhinna haiM; isa lie "gauranubandhya : " yahA~ jAti meM zakti mAnane para bhI vyakti ke bodha hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hogI / 'vyaktya vinAbhAva' kA artha hai| vyakti kA ( jAti ke sAtha) tAdAtmya arthAt abhinnatA / AkSepa kA abhiprAya ( yahA~ ) yaha hai ki sAmAnyarUpa se usake ( vyakti ke ) bhAna ke bAda anyatama rUpa se bodha / "gauranubandhyaH" meM pahale 'gAya' kA sAmAnya rUpa se (jAti rUpa se) bhAna hone ke bAda bahuta-sI gAyoM se eka kA ( anyatama kA ) bhAna hotA hai, ise hI AkSepa kahA gayA hai / hama to gurumata ke anusAra ( ina paMktiyoM kI ) vyAkhyA isa prakAra karate haiM - yadi "gauranubandhya:" meM vyakti ko anumAnavedya yA anumeya mAneM to vyakti kI abhighAdi-vRttiyoM meM se kisI vRtti se upasthiti nahIM hone ke kAraNa kisI pada kA artha nahIM hone se go vyakti kA vibhakti ke artha, saMkhyA aura karmAdi kAraka ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakegA; kyoMki 'pazunA yajeta' ityAdi sthaloM meM ( mImAMsakoM ne) mAnA hai for 'pratyaya prakRti ke arthayukta (gata ) svArtha ke bodhaka hote haiN|' dUsarA doSa yaha hogA ki yahA~ vyakti kA zAbdabodha meM praveza nahIM hogA; kyoMki padajanya padArthoM kI upasthiti ko hI zAbdabodha kA janaka mAnA gayA hai / arthAt zAbdabodha unhIM padArthoM kA hogA jinakI upasthiti padoM

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70 kAvyaprakAzaH kAryakAraNabhAvabalAdeva vyaktibhAnamiti bhaavH| evaM cAkSipyata ityAdigranthaH' zrutArthApatterarthApattervA tasya viSayatvAdityatra dRSTAntatayA yojya iti gurumatAnusAreNa vyAcakSmahe / / nanu vyaGgayAbhAvena 'gauranubandhya' ityatra lakSaNAyA abhAve'pi pIno devadatto divA na bhuGkte' ityatra bhojanAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNapInatvaprayuktotkarSapratIte: prayojanasya sattvAdastu pInatvarAtribhojanayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyAtmakazakyasambandharUpopAdAnalakSaNetyata Aha-pIno iti / na lakSyata iti / na kevalaprayojanavattAmAtramupAdAnatvaprayojakam api tu bAdhAdisahakRtam, divAbhojanAbhAvavataH pInatvaM ca pramANAntarapratipannatvAnna bAdhitam / ata eva ca notkarSapratItirapi bhojanAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNapInatvasyotkarSaprayojakatve'pi divAbhojanAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNapInatvasyAtattvAditi bhAvaH / se huI hogii| gauranubandhyaH" meM jAti meM zakti mAnane ke kAraNa vyakti kI padajanya upasthiti nahIM hai, isalie usakA zAbdabodha meM praveza nahIM hogA, AkSepa yA anumAna ke dvArA upasthita vyakti pada ke dvArA upasthita nahIM hone ke kAraNa zAbdabodha kA viSaya nahIM bana paayegaa| isI tAtparya se kahA gayA hai "vyktyvinaa..."| vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAttu jAtyA vyaktirAkSipyate" isa vAkya meM "vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAt" kA tAtparya hai ki vyaktigraha (vyakti- ... bodha) ke kAraNIbhUta jJAna meM viSayatA-sambandhena jAti ke sAtha (vinA'pi sahazabdayogaM tadarthe sati tRtIyA bhavati) vyakti kA AkSepa hotA hai / arthAt zabda dvArA vyakti upasthApita hotA hai| isa taraha jAti-viSayaka zakti-jJAnatva ko kAraNatAvacchedaka mAnA jAyagA aura jAti-viziSTa vyaktiviSayaka jJAnatva ko kAryatAvacchedaka maaneNge| isa taraha kAryakAraNabhAva ke bala se hI vyakti kA bhAna hogaa| isa prakAra 'AkSipyate' ityAdi kAvyaprakAza ke vRtti grantha ko "zrutArthApatterapittervA tasya viSayatvAt" yahA~ dRSTAnta ke rUpa meM jor3anA cAhie / isa taraha hama (zrI 108 yazovijayajI mahArAja) pUrvokta grantha kI gurumata ke anusAra vyAkhyA karate haiN| arthApatti lakSaNA nahIM ___astu; vyaGgaya (prayojana) ke abhAva ke kAraNa "gauranubandhyaH" yahA~ lakSaNA kA abhAva mAnanA to ThIka hai; parantu 'pIno'yaM devadattaH divA na bhUkte" yahA~ bhojana na karane para bhI devadatta meM pInatva-prayukta utkarSa kI pratItirUpa prayojana hone ke kAraNa pInatva aura rAtri-bhojana meM sAmAnAdhikaraNyAtmaka-zakyasambandharUpa upAdAnalakSaNA ho sakatI hai| isa bhrama ke nivAraNa ke lie likhate haiM "pIno devadatto divA na bhUkte ityatra ca rAtribhojanaM na lkssyte"| tAtparya yaha hai ki- kevala prayojana kA honA hI utpAdana kA prayojaka nahIM hai arthAta upAdAna-lakSaNA ke lie prayojana kA honA hI paryApta nahIM hai; apitu bAdhAdi (mukhyArtha-bAdhAdi) ke sAtha prayojana upAdAna kA prayojaka hai| mukhyArtha-bAdha, mukhyArtha-sambandha aura prayojana tInoM lakSaNA ke hetu haiN| dina meM nahIM khAnevAlA bhI moTA dekhA gayA hai| isa prakAra dina meM bhojana nahIM karanevAle vyakti meM (ulUkAdi meM bho) pInatva pratyakSarUpa pramANAntara se siddha hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta vAkya ke mukhyArtha meM bAdha (rukAvaTa) nahIM hai| Apane jisa utkarSa-pratIti ko prayojana batAyA hai; vaha utkarSa-pratIti bhI yahAM nahIM hai| bhojanAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNa-pInatva kI pratIti vastuta: utkarSa kI prayojikA ho sakatI hai| bhojana na kare aura phira bhI pIna (moTA) banA rahe vaha sacamuca utkRSTatva hai| bhojana ke abhAva ke adhikaraNa (Athaya) vyakti meM pInatva kI pratIti hI nyAya kI zabdAvalI meM bhojanAbhAva-samAnAdhikaraNapInatvapratIti kahalAtI hai| vaha sacamuca utkRSTatA ko (brahmacaryAdi tapobala ko) sUcita karatI hai kintu divA-bhojanAbhAva-samAnAdhikaraNa-pInatva utkarSa kA prayojaka nahIM hai| 1. 'kAvyaprakAza:' ityarthaH /

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dvitIya ullAsaH vayaM tu-zakyasyAparapadArthAnvayazcedupAdAnatAprayojakastadA 'pIno na bhuGkte' ityatra kathamupAdAnalakSaNA 'kuntAH pravizantI'tyatra kuntasya pravezAnvayavat pInatvasya na bhuGkte ityAdAvananvayAdityata Aha-pono iti / tathA ca tata evAtra nopAdAnalakSaNeti vyAcakSmahe / / .. kecittu vyaktyavinAbhAvivAdityanenAnyalabhyena lakSaNetyuktaM tatprapaJca evAyamapi tena kriyatA. mityatra kartA, pravizetyAdau gRhamityAdi, pIna ityatra ca rAtribhojanaM yathA na lakSyate, tathA'trApi vyaktirna lakSyata ityartha iti vadanti / vastuto lakSaNalakSaNAyAM pIna ityAdyadAharaNaM na sambhavati, rAtribhojanasyArthApattilabhyatvAt / api tu gaGgAyAmityAdyevetyuttaragranthenAnvaya ityapi pratibhAti, zrutArthApatta rIti bhaTTamate'rthApattariti dina meM nahIM khAnepara bahuta se prANI (camagAdar3a-ulUka aura kucha manuSya bhI) pIna dekhe gaye haiM / isalie divAbhojanAbhAva ke adhikaraNa 1) devadatta meM pInatva kA rahanA utkarSAdhAyaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / isa prakAra 'pIno'yaM devadattaH' yahA~ na mukhyArtha-bAdha hai aura na prayojana; phira upAdAna lakSaNA kaise.....? hama to "pIno'yaM devadattaH" meM upAdAna-lakSaNA na mAnanevAle mammaTa ke sambaddha-sandarbha kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra karate haiM :-zakya kA apara padArtha meM anvaya yadi upAdAna-lakSaNA kA prayojaka (kAraNa yA janaka) hai taba "pIno'yaM devadattaH divA na bhuGkte" meM kaise upAdAna-lakSaNA ho sakatI hai ? (upAdAna-lakSaNA ke udAharaNa) kuntAH pravizanti meM jaise kunta kA praveza padArtha meM anvaya hotA hai; vaise pInatva kA "na bhuGkte" padArtha meM anvaya nahIM hotA; isI tAtparya ko dikhAte hue kahate haiN--piino....."| isI se yahA~ upAdAna-lakSaNA nahIM hai| kisI kA mata kisI ne kahA hai ki "vyaktyavinAbhAvitvAt" isase yaha batAyA gayA hai ki anyalabhya meM lakSaNA nahIM hotI hai| jaise 'pIno'yaM devadatto divA na bhuGkte' yahAM rAtribhojanarUpa artha AkSepa yA anumAna labhya hai isalie vahAM lamaNA nahIM hotii| isI prakAra "gauranubandhyaH" meM vyakti bhI AkSepalabhya hai; vahA~ lakSaNA nahIM hogii| usI kA prapaJca (vistAra se varNana)" kriyatAmityatra kartA ityAdi paGktiyoM meM dikhAyA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise kriyatAm yahA~ kartA (tvayA), praviza yahA~ para 'gRham' yaha karma, pIno'yam 'yahAM rAtri bhojana lakSaNA ke dvArA nahIM jAne jAte haiM; usI taraha yahA~ (gauranubandhyaH) bhI vyakti ko lakSya (lakSaNA dvArA pratipAdya) nahIM mAnanA caahie| vastutaH lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA 'pIno'yam' ityAdi udAharaNa nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki rAtri-bhojana rUpa artha yahA~ arthApatti se hI labhya hai-upasthita ho jAtA hai| kintu "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" ityAdi hI (lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa ho sakatA hai) isa uttara grantha se (bAda meM Ane vAle sandarbha se) usakA anvaya hai yaha (mujhe) pratIta hotA hai| "pIno'yaM devadattaH" yaha to zra tArthApatti kA viSaya hai| isakA tAtparya spaSTa karate hue TIkAkAra likhate haiM ki 'pUrvokta udAharaNa meM bhaTTa (kumArila bhaTTa) zru tArthApatti mAnate haiM aura guru (prabhAkara) arthApatti mAnate haiM / sune hue zabda se anvaya kI upapatti na hone para jahA~ zabda kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai; vahA~ zrutArthApatti mAnI jAtI hai / (anupapadyamAna artha se) jahA~ (upapadyamAna) arthamAtra kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai; vahA~ arthArthApatti hotI hai| vizeSa mImAMsaka pratyakSa anumAna Adi pramANoM ke samAna arthApatti ko bhI alaga pramANa mAnate haiM / arthApatti kA lakSaNa ve isa prakAra karate haiM "anupapadyamAnArtha-darzanAt tadupapAdakIbhUtArthAntarakalpanam / " tAtparya yaha hai ki anupapadyamAna artha ko dekhakara usake upapAdaka artha kI kalpanA jisa pramANa se kI jAtI hai, use arthApatti kahate haiM / jaise "pIno'yaM devadatto divA na bhUkte" yahA~ devadatta moTA hai, kintu dina meM nahIM khAtA hai yaha anupapadyamAna artha hai, isa lie usake upapAdaka artha rAtri bhojana kA yahA~ AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra anupapadyamAna artha-dina meM na

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72 kAvyaprakAzaH 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' ityatra taTasya ghoSAdhikaraNatvasiddhaye gaGgAzabdaH svArthamarpayati ityevamAdau lakSaNenaiSA lakSaNA / gurumate / zrutazabdAdanvayAnupapattau zabdakalpanaM zrutArthApattiH, arthamAtrakalpanaMmarthApattiH / lakSaNalakSaNAmudAharati-- gaGgAyAmiti / nanu zakyAnupasthApakalakSaNAtvasya lakSaNalakSaNAlakSaNatve gaurnityetyatrAvyAptiH tatra lakSaNayA goravacchedakatayopasthApanAd aparapadArthAnanvayizakyokhAnevAle devadatta ke moTApana ko dekhakara usake upapAdaka artha - rAtri bhojana kI kalpanA arthApatti ke dvArA huI | kyoMki dina meM na khAne vAlA vyakti binA rAtri bhojana ke moTA nahIM raha sakatA / arthApatti ke do bheda hote haiM- 1. zrutArthApatti aura 2. dRSTArthApatti / jahA~ anya ke mukha se anupapadyamAna artha ko sunakara usake upapAdaka artha kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai, vahA~ zrutArthApatti hotI hai / jahAM anupapadyamAna artha ko svayaM A~khoM se dekhakara usake upapAdaka artha kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai; dRSTArthApatti mAnI jAtI hai| mammaTa ne 'dRSTArthApatti' ke sthAna para arthArthApatti kA prayoga kiyA hai| TIkAkAra (zrI 108 yazovijaya jI mahArAja ne arthApatti hI likhA hai| zAyada eka "rthA" likhate samaya raha gayA ho ! arthArthApatti pakSa meM rAtribhojanarUpa artha kA jJAna binA rAtribhojana rUpa artha ke AkSepa se hotA hai| kintu zrutArthApatti meM yahAM isa zabda ke adhyAhAra se hotA hai / isI bAta ko TIkAkAra ne likhA hai - zrutazabdAdanvayAnupapattau zabdakalpanaM zrutArthApattiH arthamAtrakalpanamarthApattiH / ( hindI artha pahale likhA gayA hai) lakSaraNa lakSaraNA kA udAharaNa 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' ityAdi (vRtti kA artha ) - 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' isameM (vAkya ke bhItara prayukta) ghoSa ke adhikaraNatva kI siddhi ke liye 'gaGgA' zabda apane jalapravAharUpa mukhya artha kA parityAga kara detA hai, isaliye isa prakAra ke udAharaNoM meM yaha 'lakSaNa lakSaNA' hotI hai| yaha donoM prakAra kI lakSaNA upacAra se mizrita na hone ke kAraNa zuddhA hai / lakSaNa-lakSaNA kA udAharaNa dete haiM: - " gaGgAyAM ghoSaH " / lakSaNa-lakSaNA kise kahate haiM ? yadi zakya artha "gaunityA" "gAya nitya hai' yahAM avyApti - doSa go rUpa zakyArtha ( gotva jAti) kI avacchedaka ke kI upasthiti nahIM karAnevAlI lakSaNA ko lakSaNa-lakSaNA mAneM to ho jAyagA kyoMki yahA~ sabhI lakSaNa lakSaNA mAnate haiM parantu yahA~ rUpa meM upasthiti pAyI jAtI hai / "rAtrau bhuGkte" zabda ke adhyAhAra ke sAkSAt rAtrirUpa bhojana kA jJAna "rAtrau bhuGkte" yadi yaha kaheM ki aura padArtha ke sAtha anvaya na prApta kiye hue zakya kI upasthApikA lakSaNA lakSaNalakSaNA hai "aparapadArthAnanvayizakyopasthApakatvaM lakSaNalakSaNAtvam" to 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' yahAM avyApti-doSa ho jAyagA; kyoMki yahA~ gaGgArUpa zakya kI upasthiti lakSaNA se nahIM hotI hai / "aparapadArthAnvayizakyAnupasthApakatvaM lakSaNalakSaNAtvam" yaha lakSaNa to siddhi aura asiddhi doSoM se dUSita hai / lakSaNa kA lakSaNa yadi apara padArtha se anvita zakyAnupasthApakatva ko mAneM to yaha lakSaNa siddhi aura asiddhi doSa se dUSita hogA / kyoMki "gaGgAyAM ghoSa" meM taTamAtra ke lakSyArthaM hone ke kAraNa lakSaNa samanvaya ho jAne se lakSaNa meM siddhi aura "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm " meM anya dadhyupaghAtaka prANisamvalita kAkarUpa zakyArtha kI upasthiti hone ke kAraNa lakSaNa samanvaya na hone se lakSaNA meM asiddhi AyegI /

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dvitIya ullAsa : ubhayarUpA ceyaM zuddhA / upacAreNAmizritatvAt / pasthApakatvaM ca 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa' ityatrAvyAptam, tatra gaGgAyA lakSaNayA'nupasthApanAt, aparapadArthAnvayizakyAnupasthApakatvasya ca siddhayasiddhiparAhatatvAdityata Aha-taTasyeti, tathA copAdAnalakSaNAyAM zakyasyAparapadArthAnvayasiddhiH, atra tu lakSyamAtrasya seti, aparapadArthAnvayizakyopasthApakabhinna lakSaNAtvaM tallakSaNamiti bhAvaH / svArthaM svazakyam arpayati tyajatIti anvarthatAM saMjJAyAH prAha - lakSaNeneti / upalakSaNenetyarthaH / zuddhaiva dvidheti vyAcaSTe, ubhayarUpA ceyaM zuddheti / 73 upacAraH sAdRzyasambandhena pravRttiH / nanvatra kaH zuddhapadArthaH ? na tAvat sAdRzyAnvayAsambandhatvam upacArAmizratvasya sAdRzyasambandhabhinnatvArthakatvena hetoH sAdhyAvizeSaprasaGgAt nApi zuddhapadavAcyatvaM tadarthaH, itaravyavacchedarUpaivakArArthasya tatrAnvaye zuddhapadAnyavAcyatvavyavacchedasya sAdhyatAyAM bAdhAdupAdAna isIlie kahate haiM 'taTastha' / isa prakAra upAdana lakSaNA meM zakya (artha) ke apara padArtha ( kuntAH pravizanti " meM praveza padArtha ) ke sAtha anvaya kI siddhi hotI hai / atra yahA~ lakSaNa lakSaNA meM' to lakSyamAtra kI ( taTa kI ) apara padArtha (kriyAdi padArtha jaise 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' meM ghoSa padArtha ) ke sAtha anvaya kI siddhi hotI hai / arthAt jahA~ upAdAna*lakSaNA meM zakya bhI aparapadArtha ke sAtha anvita hotA hai vahIM lakSaNa-lakSaNA meM kevala lakSyArtha hI anya padArtha ke sAtha anvaya prApta karatA hai / isa taraha 'lakSaNa- lakSaNA' kA lakSaNa hogA - apara-padArthAnvayi zakyopasthApaka- bhinnalakSaNAtvam" arthAt anya padArthoM ke sAtha anvaya ke yogya zakyArtha kI upasthiti karAnevAlI lakSaNA se bhinna lakSaNA ko lakSaNa- lakSaNA kahate haiM / lakSaNa - lakSaNA kI anvarthatA batAte hue likhate haiM- 'lakSaNa lakSaNA' yaha nAma isake guNa ke anusAra par3A hai| isa lakSaNA meM zabda apane (mukhya) artha ko chor3a detA hai, apane Apa ko samarpita kara detA hai / zabda kA svArtha lakSaNArtha kA upalakSaNa bana jAtA hai / ataH upalakSaNa hetuka lakSaNA hone ke kAraNa ise yaha nAma diyA gayA hai / upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa lakSaNA bheda se zuddhA (lakSaNA ) hI do prakAra kI hotI hai / gauNI (lakSaNA ) ke ye bheda nahIM hote haiM / zuddhA lakSaNA hI do prakAra kI hotI hai, yaha bAta vRtti meM isa taraha batAyI gayI hai "ubhayarUpA ceyaM zuddhA / " yaha donoM prakAra kI lakSaNA zuddhA isalie kahalAtI hai ki yaha upacAra se mizrita nahIM hai| jahAM milAvaTa na ho use zuddha kahate hI haiM / gauNI lakSaNA meM upacAra kA mizraNa rahatA hai aura zuddhA meM upacAra kA amizraNa / "sAdRzyasambandhena pravRttiH upacAra : " sAdhzya sambandha se (zabda kI ) pravRtti ko upacAra kahate haiM / jaise kisI bAlaka meM atyanta zaurya ko dekhakara jaba kahate haiM "siMho mANavaka:" taba siMha zabda kI pravRtti (prayoga) bAlaka meM jo huI hai usakA kAraNa sAdRzya hai / upacAra mUlaka yaha prayoga gauNa hotA hai; mukhya nahIM, isIlie etanmUlaka lakSaNA ko gauNI kahate haiM / zuddhA-lakSaNA meM zuddha padArtha kyA hai ? aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoM ki sAdRzyAnvaya se asambaddha honA hI yahAM zuddhatA hai; arthAt goNI-lakSaNA sAdRzya-sambandha se hotI hai, isalie vaha sAdRzya-sambandha se anvita ( mizrita) rahatI hai; isalie usameM zuddhatA nahIM hai| kyoMki yadi yahA~ anumAna kareM to usakA AkAra hogA "idaM sAdRzyasambandhabhinnArthakam upacArAmizritatvAd yannaivaM tannaivaM yathA agnirmANavakaH ityAdi gauNIlakSaNA" / yaha "kuntAH pravizanti " 1. lakSaNalakSaNA /

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74 kAvyaprakAzaH wwwmammmmmmmmmaan padavAcyatvasyApi tatra sattvAt, ata eva zuddhatva-vyavahAramAtraviSayatvaM sAdhyamiti pratyuktaM lakSaNopAdAnatvavyavahAramAtraviSayatvasyApi tatra sattvAt / na ca vRttAvevakArAnupAdAnAcchuddhapadavAcyatvamAtra sAdhyamiti vAcyaM, sAropAdisAdhAraNazuddhapadavAcyatvasAdhane vivakSitArthAsiddheH, goNyAmetaprabhedadvayAbhAvasya siSAdhayiSitatvAt / na ca gauNIbhinnatvena vyavahartavyatvaM, zudvapadArthatvam, evakArasyAvivakSitatvena vRttau tadanupAdAnaM ceti vAcyam, sAropasAdhyavasAnayorapi sAdhyasattvena tatsAdhAraNyasAdhane vivakSitArthAsiddheriti / atra bramaH-gauNIpadavAcyabhinnatvavyApyalakSaNAvibhAjakopAdhimattvarUpaM zuddhatvamatra sAdhyam / na ca zuddhasAropasAdhyavasAnayoH sAdRzyasambandhenApravRttatvarUpopacArAmizritatvasya hetoH sattvena sAdhyasya meM jo lakSaNA hai vaha sAdRzya-sambandha se bhinnArthaka hai, upacAra se amizrita hone ke kAraNa / jo aisA nahIM hai; vaha aisA nahIM hai jaise gauNI-lakSaNA ke 'agnirmANavakaH' ityAdi udAharaNoM meN| aisA anumAna isalie ucita nahIM hogA ki isameM upacArAmizritatvarUpa hetu aura sAdRzya-sambandha-bhinnArthakatvarUpa sAdhya donoM eka jaise hI haiN| . aisA bhI nahIM mAna sakate haiM ki-zuddha padavAcyatva hI vahA~ zuddhapadArtha hai arthAt 'kuntAH pravizanti" / ityAdi lakSaNA 'zuddhA' lakSaNA kahI jAtI hai / 'zuddhA' zabda kA prayoga honA hI pramANita karatA hai ki isa lakSaNA meM zuddhAtva hai / aisA kahanA isalie ThIka nahIM hogA ki "zuddhava sA dvidhA" yahA~ granthakArane 'eva' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'eva' zabda apane svabhAva ke kAraNa "itaravyavaccheda" karatA hai| jaise 'rAma eva gacchati' yahA~ 'eva' zabda rAma se itara (anya) kA vyavaccheda karatA hai arthAta batAtA hai ki rAma se bhinna vyakti nahIM jA rahA hai kintu rAma hI jA rahA hai / isa taraha 'zuddhava' meM lagA huA 'eva' bhI zuddha-padAnyavAcyatva kA niSedha kregaa| "eva" zabda se yaha artha hogA ki "kuntAH pravazanti" meM jo lakSaNA hai; vaha zuddha pada se anya kisI pada se vAcya nahIM hai / parantu aisA mAnanA ayukta hai-ayogya hai-galata hai kyoMki 'kuntAH pravazanti' meM jo lakSaNA hai vaha zuddha pada se anya pada upAdAna pada se bhI vAcya hai| isalie 'zuddhA' lakSaNA meM zraddhA padArtha zuddhapada vAcyatva nahIM ho sakatA / ataeva isa lakSaNA ko kevala zuddha zabda se abhihita nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki yaha lakSaNA zuddhatva vyavahAra mAtra kA viSaya nahIM hai| vRtti meM 'eva' zabda kA ullekha nahIM hai| isalie zuddha padavAcyatvamAtra sAdhya hai, na ki zuddhapadAnyapadavAcyatvAbhAva / arthAt 'eva' zabda kA prayoga vRtti meM nahIM hai isalie "kuntAH pravazanti" ityAdi sthala kI lakSaNA zuddha padavAcya hai yahI hameM siddha karanA hai / hama yaha siddha nahIM kareMge ki pUrvokta udAharaNa meM jo lakSaNA hai vaha zuddha pada se anya kisI pada kA vAcya nahIM hai| isalie yadi yahAM kI lakSaNA zuddha pada se atirikta pada-upAdAna pada-kA bhI vAcya hai, to rhe| isa prakAra zuddha kA artha huA zuddhapadavAcya, yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki sAropAdi padavAcyatva ke sAtha-sAtha yadi zuddha pada vAcyatva kI siddhi kareM to isa sAdhana meM sAropAdi sAdhAraNa zuddhavAcyatva kI siddhi hogI / aisI sthiti meM jo artha vivakSita hai; vaha asiddha hI raha jaaygaa| gauNI meM sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA ina donoM bhedoM kA abhAva siddha karanA hI abhISTa hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zuddha padavAcyatva kA udAharaNasthala aisA honA cAhie jo kevala zuddha pada kA vAcya ho / yadi zuddha padavAcyatva ke udAharaNa meM upAdAna pada kA vAcyatva bhI ho, aura sAropA pada kA vAcyatva bhI ho to use zuddha kaise mAnA jAya ? gauNI se bhinna rUpa meM vyavahAra kI yogyatA rakhanA hI zuddhA lakSaNA kI zuddhatA hai / arthAt jisa lakSaNA ko loga gauNI lakSaNA nahIM mAnate hoM use zuddhA kahate haiM (gauNI se bhinna lakSaNA hI zuddhA hai) mUla kArikA meM (kathita) 'eva' zabda kI vivakSA nahIM hai isIlie vRtti meM 'eva' zabda kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gayA hai / yaha kathana

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dvitIya ullAsa: 75 cAsattvena vyabhicAra iti vAcyam, sAdRzyasambandhanibandhanapravRttikAvRttilakSaNAvibhAjakopAdhimattvasyopacArAmizragapadenoktatvAdityavadheyam / taTasthatvameva gauNIta upAdAna(lakSaNa)lakSaNayorbhedakam, na tUpacArAmizratvamiti mataM nirAkaroti anayoriti / anayorupAdAna(lakSaNa)lakSaNayorbhedo rUpyate'neneti bhedarUpaM bhedakaM vaidharmyarUpaM vA lakSyasya lakSaNApratipAdyasya lakSakasya abhidhApratipAdyasya ca tATasthyaM meM bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki sAropA sAdhyavAsanA meM bhI sAdhya ke rahane ke kAraNa sAropA sAdhyavAsanA ubhayasAdhAraNazuddhatva ke sAdhana meM vivakSita artha kI siddhi nahIM hotii| isa vAkya meM hama kahate haiM ki "gauNIpadavAcyabhinnatvavyApyalakSaNAvibhAjakopAdhimattvarUpaM zuddhAtvamatra sAdhyam" arthAt goNIpada kA jo vAcya usase bhinnatva jahA~-jahA~ hai; unameM rahanevAlI jo lakSaNA vibhAjaka upAdhi hai usa upAdhi se yuktatva hI zuddhAtva yahA~ sAdhyatvena abhISTa hai| "agnirmANavakaH" ityAdi goNI lakSaNA ke udAharaNoM meM sAdRzya sambaMdha se lakSaNA hai, isalie gauNI pada vAcya hai sAdRzya sambandha se bhinnatva vahA~ rahegA; jahA~ sAdRzya sambandha nahIM hai| isa taraha goNIpada vAcyabhinnatva huA sAdRzyetara sambandha hai, vahAM jo lakSaNA vibhAjaka upAdhi hogI, vaha gauNI se bhinna hogI, usa upAdhi se yukta honA hI zuddhA lakSaNA hai| , prazna-yadyapi zuddha sAropA aura zuddha sAdhyavAsanA meM sAdRzya sambandha se apravRtta hone ke kAraNa upacAra nahIM hone se upacArAmizritatvarUpa hetu to hai kintu sAdhya nahIM hai| isalie sAdhyAbhAva ke adhikaraNa meM vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa hetu ko vyabhicArI mAnA jAyagA tathApi upacArAmizraNa kA vizeSa tAtparya lene para koI doSa na hogaa| upacArAmizraNa kA tAtparya yadi 'sAdRzya-sambandha-nibandhana-pravRttikAvRttilakSaNA-vibhAjakopAdhimattva' leM to doSa nahIM hogaa| kyoMki sAdRzyasambandha ko nimitta banAkara pravRtta honevAlI lakSaNA meM nahIM rahanevAlI lakSaNAvibhAjaka upAdhi zuddhasAropA aura zuddha sAdhyavasAnA meM nahIM hai| taTasthatva hI gauNI se upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA ko bhinna karatA hai, upacArAmizritatva nhiiN| isa mata kA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM ki 'anayoH" / arthAt ina donoM upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa lakSaNA meM bhedaka athavA pArthakyasAdhaka yA vaidharmya, lakSya arthAt lakSaNA-pratipAdya artha aura lakSaka arthAta abhidhApratipAdya ke bIca rahanevAlA tATasthya nahIM hai / bhedarUpa kA arthabhedaka hai kyoMki "bhedo rUpyate'nena iti bhedarUpam" isa vigraha ke anusAra bheda ko rUpa denevAlA bhedarUpa yA bhedaka siddha hotA hai| bheda lAnevAlA vaidharmya bhI hotA hai isalie bhedarUpa kA artha vaidharmyarUpa bhI hogaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki mammaTAcArya ke matAnusAra zuddhA lakSaNA upacAra se amizrita hotI hai aura gauNI upacAra se mizrita / 'upacAra' kA lakSaNa hai "upacAro nAma atyantaM vizakalitayoH padArthayoH sAdRzyAtizayamahimnA bhedapratItisthaganamAtram" atyanta bhinna do padArthoM meM atizaya sAdazya ke kAraNa unake bheda kI pratIti kA na honA hI upacAra kahalAtA hai| "agnirmANavakaH" yahAM "agni aura mANavaka" atyanta bhinna padArtha haiM ? kahA~ Aga aura kahA~ bAlaka? parantu tejasvitA aura pratApa Adi atizaya sAdRzya ke kAraNa "agni: mANavakaH" yahA~ bheda kI pratIti nahIM ho rahI hai| isIlie donoM meM samAna-vibhakti kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| Upara diye gaye udAharaNa meM upacAra kA mizraNa hai isalie gauNI lakSaNA hai "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" ityAdi meM sAdRzya se atirikta sAmIpyAdi-sambandha se lakSaNA hai| isalie yahAM zuddhA lakSaNA hai| isa taraha mammaTa ke vicAra se "upacAra" hI zuddhA aura gauNI kA paraspara bhedaka hai / upacAra kA mizraNa lakSaNA aura goNI banAtA hai aura usakA amizraNa shuddhaa|

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76 kAvyaprakAzaH anayorlakSyasya lakSakasya ca na bhedarUpaM tATasthyam / taTAdInAM hi gaGgAdizabdaiH pratipAdane tattvapratipattau hi pratipipAdiyiSitaprayojanasampratyayaH / 'gaGgAsambandhamAtrapratItau tu 'gaGgAtaTe ghoSa:' iti mukhyazabdAbhidhAnAllakSaNAyAH ko bhedaH ? bhAnaM netyarthaH / atra hetumAha-taTAdInAmiti / pratipAdana iti sati saptamI, tattvapratipattAviti nimittasaptamI, tena tatpratipattyarthaM gaGgAtvena tIrapratipattyartham / zuddhA tathA gauNI viSayaka mukula bhaTTa kA mata mukula bhaTTa ne 'upacAra' ko zuddhA aura gauNI kA bhedaka dharma nahIM mAnA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki upacAra kA mizraNa zuddhA meM bhI hotA hai aura goNI meM bhI / isalie unhoMne upacAramizrA lakSaNA ke pahale do bheda kiye haiM: -- zuddhopacAra aura gauNopacAra / bAda meM ina donoM ke do bheda kiye haiM--sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA / isa prakAra upacAra mizrA lakSaNA ke cAra bheda aura zuddhA lakSaNA ke upAdAna lakSaNA aura lakSaNa lakSaNA do bheda karake unhoMne lakSaNA ke kula milAkara 6 bheda kiye haiN| mukula bhaTTa ne upacAra kA artha kiyA hai anya ke lie anya kA prayoga / jahA~ anya ke lie anya zabda kA prayoga sAdRzya ke kAraNa hotA hai; vahA~ gauNopacAra hotA hai| jahA~ sAdRzya se bhinna samaya Adi sambandha ke kAraNa anya ke lie anya artha ke vAcaka zabda kA prayoga hotA hai; vahA~ zuddhopacAra hotA hai jaise "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM sAmIpya sambandha ke kAraNa taTa artha ke lie pravAha artha vAcaka gaGgA zabda kA prayoga huA hai / mukula bhaTTa ne 'upacAra' ko zuddhA aura gauNI lakSaNA kA bhedaka dharma na mAnakara 'tATasthya' ko arthAt lakSyArthaM aura lakSakArtha ke bheda ko zuddhA aura gauNI kA bhedaka dharma mAnA hai| mukula bhaTTa mAnate haiM ki gauNI lakSaNA meM sAdRzyAtizaya ke kAraNa lakSya aura lakSaka meM abheda pratIta hotA hai; jaise "gaurvAhIkaH" meM go aura vAhIka arthoM meM abheda pratIta hotA hai / zuddhA lakSaNA meM arthAt upAdAna- lakSaNA aura lakSaNa lakSaNA meM lakSya aura lakSaka meM abheda nahIM; apitu 'tATasthya' bheda pratIta hotA hai; jaise upAdAna- lakSaNA ke udAharaNa 'kuntAH pravizanti' aura lakSaNA ke udAharaNa "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM lakSya puruSa tathA taTa aura lakSaka kunta aura gaGgA meM abheda nahIM, kintu bhedarUpa tATasthya hI pratIta hotA hai tabhI to artha hotA hai "kuntadhAriNaH puruSAH pravizanti" aura "gaGgAtaTe ghoSa:" yaha mukula bhaTTa kA mata hai / isalie unakA kathana hai- "taTasthe lakSaNA zuddhA" zuddhA lakSaNA taTastha meM hotI hai / Upara kI paGktiyoM (anayorlakSyasya lakSakasya ca" ityAdi) meM mammaTa ne mukula bhaTTa ke 'tATasthya'- siddhAnta kA khaNDana kiyA hai / TIkAkAra ne vRtti ke isI tAtparya ko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki abhidhA pratipAdya lakSaka (gaGgA-pravAha ) aura lakSaNA pratipAdya lakSya (tIra) meM bhedarUpa tATasthya nahIM hai| isameM kAraNa batAte hue likhate hai ki "taTAdInAm" / pUrvokta paMkti meM "pratipAdane" yahA~ "sati saptamI" hai aura 'tattvapratipattI' meM nimitta saptamI hai / "tena tatpratipattyartham " kA artha hai gaGgAtvena tIra kI pratipatti ( jJAna ) ke lie / 'anayorlakSyasya' ityAdi vRtti kA artha - lakSaNa-lakSaNA vRtti kA zabdAnusArI artha isa prakAra hai - zuddhalakSaNA ke upAdAna lakSaNA tathA nAmaka ina bhedoM meM lakSya (artha) aura lakSaka (artha) kA bheda - pratItirUpa tATasthya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; kyoMki (lakSyarUpa) taTa Adi arthoM kA gaGgA Adi zabdoM se pratipAdana hone para hI gaGgAtvapratipattinimittaka athavA lakSya aura lakSaka meM abhedapratipattinimittaka zItatvAtizayAdi jaise abhISTa prayojanoM kI pratIti ho sakatI hai| isalie gaGgAvena tIra kI pratIti ke lie yahAM lakSyArtha aura lakSakArtha ke bIca bhedarUpatATasthya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 77 ___ nanu gaGgAzabdena taTAdipratipAdane gaGgAsambandhitvenaiva tad bhAsate na tu pUratvenaivetyata AhagaGgAsambandhamAtreti / tathA ca sambandhamAtrapratIto na zaityAdipratyayo'pi tu lakSyasya zakyAbhinnatayaiva pratItAviti tAdRzapratyayotpAdakatvena bhavati lakSaNAyA upayoga iti bhAva iti pradIpakRtprabhRtayaH / vayaM tu. 'svasiddhaye parAkSepa' iti kArikAyAH kasyacid vyAkhyAnaM dUSayati--anayoriti / anayorbhedayorupAdAna(lakSaNa)lakSaNayorlakSyasya lakSakasya ca lakSaNalakSaNAyAM bhedarUpaM vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvena lAkSaNikapadajanyapadArthopasthitiviSayatAzrayabhinnatvama, upAdAnalakSaNAyAM tATasthyaM tadaudAsInyaM "vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvena na lAkSaNikapadAjanya(padajanya)padArthopasthiti-viSayatAzraya-bhinnatvamiti" netyarthaH / tathA ca svasya zakyasya siddhaye prakAratArthaM parArthasyAzakyasya prakAriNa AkSepaH, upasthApanam upAdAnaM parArthe'zakye svasya zakyasya samarpaNaM prakAratvaparityAgo lakSaNalakSaNeti na kArikArtha iti bhAvaH / kAkebhya yadi lakSyArtha taTa meM gaGgAtva athavA gaGgA zabda ke mukhyArtha jalapravAha ke sAtha abheda pratIta na hokara kevala gaGgA kA sambandha mAtra pratIta ho to 'gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH' isa mukhyArtha pratipAdaka vAkya se "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" isa lakSyArtha prati.. pAdaka vAkya kA kyA bheda rahegA ? 'nanu gaGgAdi zabdena' ityAdi (TIkArtha) gaGgA zabda se taTAdi kA pratipAdana taTAdi kI pratIti gaGgA se sAmIpya sambandha rakhane ke kAraNa "gaGgA ke ke kinAre ghoSa hai" isa rUpa meM hI hogI pUratvena to hogI nahIM, arthAt pUra aura ghoSa kA AdhAra taTa eka hai isa rUpa meM nahIM hogI, isakA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM ki "sambandhamAtra pratIto" arthAt sambandha-mAtra pratIta hone para "gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH" isa vAkya se 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' isa vAkya meM koI bheda nahIM aaegaa| isa taraha jisa zItatvAtizaya pratIti ke lie lakSaNA karate haiM usakI pratIti hI nahIM hogI / lakSya (taTAdi) kI zakya (pravAhAdi) ke rUpa meM abheda-pratIti hone para hI usa prakAra kI (zaityAtizaya kI) pratIti hotI hai| isalie zakya aura lakSya kI abheda pratIti svIkAra karane para hI lakSaNA kA upayoga hotA hai| pradIpakArAdi TIkAkAroM ne mammaTa ke grantha kA yaha pUrvokta abhiprAya batAyA hai| TIkAkAra kA mata . mere vicAra meM to mammaTa ne ina paGktiyoM meM "svasiddhaye parAkSepaH" isa kArikA kI kisI anya ke dvArA kI gayI vyAkhyA ko dUSita batAyA hai / isa taraha pUrvokta paGkti kA akSarArtha isa prakAra siddha hotA hai / "upAdAnalakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA nAmaka ina donoM bhedoM meM lakSya aura lakSaka (arthoM) ke bIca lakSaNa- lakSaNA meM bhedarUpa (tA) nahIM hai / yahAM 'bhedarUpam' kA artha hai vizeSaNa aura vizeSyabhAva se lAkSaNika pada se janya jo padArthopasthiti, usakI viSayatA kA jo Azraya, tabhinnatva / upAdAna-lakSaNA meM jo tATasthya kahA gayA hai, usakA artha hai tadaudAsInya / vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva se lAkSaNikapadAjanya-padArthopasthiti-viSayatAzrayabhinnatva kA honA hI tATasthya hai yA tadaudAsInya hai| parantu yahA~ lakSaNa-lakSaNA,meM pUrvokta bhedarUpatA nahIM hai aura upAdAna-lakSaNA meM pUrvokta, 'tATasthya' nahIM hai| . isa taraha kArikA kI vyAkhyA hogI ki-svasya zakyasya arthAta zakyArtha kI siddhi ke lie-prakAratAvizeSaNatA kI siddhi ke liye, parArthasya-azakyArtha kA (vizeSya kA) AkSepa upAdAna-lakSaNA kahalAtA hai| parArtha (azakyArtha) meM svasya (apanA arthAt zavayArtha kA) samarpaNa vizeSaNarUpa meM anvaya kA parityAga lakSaNa-lakSaNA kahalAtA hai isa prakAra kA artha kArikA kA nahIM hai| "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm" yahA~ lakSaNa-lakSaNA kI, aura gaunityA yahA~ upAdAnalakSaNA kI prasakti ko ko iSTApatti mAnakara zaMkA karanA sambhava nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kArikA kI pUrvokta vyAkhyA ke anusAra

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kAvyaprakAzaH ityatra lakSaNa(lakSaNA)prasaGgasya gaunityetyatra copAdAnatvaprasaGgasya ceSTApattyA zaGkitumazakyatvAt tamupekSya dUSaNAntaramAha-taTAdInAM gaGgAdizabdai riti / tathA ca gaGgAyAM ghoSaH kuntAH pravizantItyAdau taTasya puruSasya ca gaGgAtvena kuntatvenaiva pratItiH na tu taTatvena kuntadharatvena vA, yenaikatra zakyasyAprakAratvam aparatra ca prakAratvamiti tayorbhedaM ityAstheyamiti bhAvaH / tattvena gaGgAtvAdinaiva pratItiriti / svamate upaSTambhikAM yuktimAha-pratipipAdayiSiteti / prayojanamekatra zaityapAvanatvAdikam, aparatrAvidagdhatvAdikam / nanvevaM lAkSaNikapadasyo(janyo)pasthitau zakyatAvacchedakabhAna eva yadi prayojanapratyayastadopAdAne' tadastyeva kuntadharatvenopasthiterapi viziSTavaiziSTyAvagAhitayA kuntarUpavizeSaNe zakyatAvacchedakakuntatvabhAnAvazyakatvAd lakSaNalakSaNAyAmapi gaGgAtIratvena tadbhAnamastu, tathA sati toravizeSaNIbhUtagaGgApadArthe zakyatAvacchedakabhAnAt prayojanapratyayo'kSuNNa evetyata aah-gnggaasmbndheti| gaGgAdisambandhetyarthaH, tathA ca tIrapuruSayorgaGgAkuntA'bhedapratItAveva zaityazUratvapratyayo na tu tIrapuruSa "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm" isa upAdAna-lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM yadi lakSaNa-lakSaNA kI prasakti hotI hai to ho aura "gauH nityA' yahAM yadi upAdAnalakSaNA kI prasakti AtI hai to Aye vaha hameM iSTa hI hai isalie vahA~ doSa dene kI zaMkA nahIM kI jA sakatI / yahI socakara mammaTa ne usakI upekSA kI hai aura dUsare doSa diye hai aura likhA hai"taTAdInAM gaGgAdizabdaH" iti / aisI sthiti meM 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' 'kuntAH pravizanti' ityAdi sthala meM taTa kI gaGgAtvena aura puruSa kI kuntatvena hI pratIti hotI hai| taTa kI taTatvarUpa se aura puruSa kI kuntadhArI ke rUpa meM pratIti nahIM hotii| isase eka jagaha 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' yahA~ zakyArtha-vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM anvita nahIM hogA aura dUsarI jagaha 'kuntAH pravizanti' meM zakyArtha-vizeSaNa (prakAra) bana kara anvita hogaa| yahI ina donoM meM bheda hai yaha samajhanA caahie| "tattvenaiva pratItiH" kA tAtparya hai gaGgAta Adi rUpa meM hI pratIti / pratipipAdayiSita prayojana kA tAtparya hai ki-eka jagaha zaitya-pAvanatvAdi aura dUsarI jagaha avidagdhatvAdi zaitya-pAvanatvAdi prayojana kI siddhi gaGgAtvAdi rUpa meM tIra kI pratIti hone para hI ho sakatI hai| isa taraha yaha pratIta hotA hai ki lAkSaNika padajanya upasthiti meM zakyatAvacchedaka ke bhAna meM hI yadi prayojana kA bodha hotA hai, jaisA ki pUrva sandarbha meM batAyA gayA hai ki gaGgAtvena taTa kI upasthiti hone para hI prayojana (zItatvAdi) kA bhAna hogA to upAdAna-lakSaNA meM vaha hai hI; kyoMki kuntadharatvarUpa meM honevAlI upasthiti meM bhI kuntarUpa vizeSaNa meM zakyatAvacchedaka kuntatva kA bhAna Avazyaka hai| kuntadhara kI jaba kuntadharatvarUpa meM upasthiti hogI taba 'kuntadhara' yaha jJAna apane Apa meM vizeSaNa aura vizeSya se yukta hone ke kAraNa viziSTa-vaiziSTyAvagAhI jJAna hai isa jJAna meM kunta vizeSaNa hai; usameM kuntatva rUpa zakyatAvacchedaka kA bhAna hotA hI hai / lakSaNa-lakSaNA meM bhI gaGgA-tIratvena upasthiti mAneM to tIra ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM pratIta gaGgA padArtha meM zakyatAvacchedaka kA bhAna hone se prayojana kI pratIti bekhaTake hogI isI Azaya se kahate haiM "gnggaasmbndheti"| yahA~ Adi pada kA niveza bIca meM aura karanA cAhie aura gaGgAdi sambandha aisA zabda mAnanA caahie| kyoMki sandarbha meM kevala gaGgA zabda nahIM hai kintu kuntAdi zabda bhI hai| unake saMgraha ke lie 'gaGgAdi' kahanA Avazyaka hai| isa taraha mere vicAra meM mammaTa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki tIra aura puruSa donoM kI (gaGgA aura kunta kI) abhedapratIti hone para hI zaitya aura zUratva (prayojana) kI pratIti ho sakatI hai kintu tIra aura puruSa ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa 1. upAdAnalakSaNAyAm /

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dvitIya ullAsaH vizeSaNIbhUtazakyatAvacchedakasya saMskAratayA pratyaye tatpratyayaH, tathAsati gaGgAtIre ghoSa iti vAcakazabda svAyattaM vihAya gaGgAyAM ghoSa ityavAcakazabdaprayogAnupapatteH, svAyatte zabdaprayoge kimityavAcaka prayokSyAmahe iti nyAyAt pratItivalakSaNye svAyattatvAbhAvAditi bhAva iti yuktmutpshyaamH| madhumatIkRtprabhRtayastu bhinnabhinnArthapratipAdakabhinna (bhinn)shbdprtipaadn-yogytv-smaanaadhikrnnkyaaropvissytvmupcaarH| tadamizratvaM tadrahitatvam, na ca gauNasAdhyavasAne vyabhicAraH, tatrApi tAdRzapratipAdanayogyatAsattvena viziSTAbhAvarUpahetvasattvAd, upAdAna(lakSaNa)lakSaNayobhinnabhinnazabdAbhAvena viziSTAbhAvasattvAnna hetvasiddhirata Aha-anayoriti / bhedarUpaM bhedaghaTitaM bhinnabhinnetyAdinoktazabdabhedaghaTitaM tATasthyamupacAro nAstItyarthaH / kuta ityata Aha-taTAdInAmiti / gaGgAzabdapratipAdane tattvapratipattau gaGgAtvapratipattI, viparItalakSaNAnurodhena gaGgAtvAdipratipattI, pratipipAdayiSitaprayojanaM pratItyavirodhi(tA) (dhAtu)pratipattAviti vApta(vAdi)pakSe bAdhamAha - gaGgAsambandheti, tunA pUrvavyavacchedArthena tAdAtmyApratipattau cet prayojanapratyayastadA lakSaNaiva nopAdeyA gaGgAtaTe. ghoSa ityAditaH zaktyaiva tadarthasiddherityartha iti vadanti / tanna / bhedAvimAvityuttara(gaGgAtIra aura kuntadhArI ke rUpa meM) meM zakyatAvacchedaka kI saMskAra ke rUpa meM pratIti hone para unakA (prayojanoM kA) pratyaya (bodha) nahIM hogaa| yadi prayojana kI pratIti na ho to "gaGgAtIre ghoSaH" isa prakAra ke svAyatta vAcaka zabdoM kA prayoga na karake "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" isa prakAra ke avAcaka zabdoM kA prayoga vyartha hone ke kAraNa anupapanna (galata) lgegaa| svAyatta zabdaprayoga yadi sambhava ho to kyoM avAcaka zabda kA prayoga kareM? isa nyAya se jahA~ pratIti meM kucha vilakSaNatA hai vahA~ svAyattatA ke abhAva ke kAraNa lAkSaNika zabdoM kA prayoga nyAyya mAnA gayA hai| isalie "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahAM "gaGagAtIre ghoSaH" kI apekSA kucha na kucha vilakSaNatA svIkAra karanI hI hogii| madhumatIkArAdi ne isa grantha kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai-unake vicAra meM upacAra kA lakSaNa hai "bhinna bhinnArthapratipAdaka-bhinna-bhinnazabdapratipAdanayogyatvasamAnAdhikaraNakyAropaviSayatvam upcaarH| "agnirmANavakaH" yahA~ agni aura mANavaka ina donoM bhinna-bhinna arthoM ke pratipAdaka bhinna-bhinna zabdoM-(agni aura mANavaka zabdoM) ke dvArA pratipAdana kI jo yogyatA, usake jo adhikaraNa haiM agni aura mANavaka zabda, ve hI aikya (abheda) Aropa ke viSaya bane hue haiM / isalie yahA~ upacAra hai / usase amizratva honA hI zuddhAtva hai| arthAt pUrvokta prakAra ke upacAra se rahita honA hI zuddhA-lakSaNA kI zuddhatA hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki upacAra ke pUrvokta lakSaNa ko svIkAra karane para gauNasAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA meM vyabhicAra hogA; kyoMki vahA~ pUrvokta (bhinna-bhinnArtha-pratipAdaka bhinna-bhinna zabdapratipAdanayogyatA hone ke kAraNa) viziSTAbhAvarUpa hetu kI sattA nahIM haiM / arthAt gauNa sAdhyavasAnA meM pUrvokta lakSaNa nahIM ghaTanA cAhie; parantu vahAM vaha lakSaNa ghaTa jAyagA? isa zaMkA ko mana meM rakhakara kahate haiM ki "anayoH" arthAt upAdAna aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA meM bhinna-bhinna zabdoM ke abhAva hone ke kAraNa viziSTAbhAva hone se hetu kI asiddhi nahIM hai| yahI bAta "anayoH" ityAdi paMkti meM batAyI gayI hai ki ina donoM udAharaNoM meM bhedarUpa arthAt bhedaghaTita arthAt bhinna-bhinnetyAdi upacAra ke lakSaNa meM prayukta zabdabhedaghaTita tATasthya arthAt upacAra nahIM hai / "kyoM nahIM hai" isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna "taTAdInAm" ityAdi paktiyoM meM dete hue kahate haiM ki-taTAdi kA gaGgA zabda se pratipAdana karane para gaGgAtva kI pratipatti hone se abhISTa prayojana kI pratiti meM bAdhA na Ane ke kAraNa (lakSaNA mAnanA sArthaka hogaa)|| yadi lakSaNA se bhI "gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH" yahI bodha ho arthAt pUrva meM pratipAdita vyavaccheda artha (gaGgAtva) ke sAtha tAdAtmya kI pratIti na ho (yaha artha 'tu' zabda se batAyA gayA hai) aura prayojana kA pratyaya (bodha) ho to

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60 kAvyaprakAzaH granthe sAdRzyasambandhena pravRtterevopacAratApratItyA tadvirodhAt, gaGgA ghoSavatItyAdAvapi yathoktopacArasattvAt svarUpAsiddhezca / ata evoddezyavidheyabhAva evopacAra ityapi pratyUktaM, gorvAhIkayoH gau: samAnIyatAmiti gauNyAmapyu ddezyavidheyabhAvasattvena vyabhicArAcceti / nanvanubhavasmaraNayoH samAnaprakArakatAnayatyena gaGgAtvaprakArakatIrAnubhavAbhAvena kathaM tAdRzasmaraNaM padAd bhavatIti zraddheyaM, na ca smaraNasyAnubhavasamAnaprakArakasyaiva bhinnaprakAraka................. ........ lakSaNA mAnane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM raha jaatii| kyoMki "gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH" ityAdi se zakti ke dvArA hI usa artha kI siddhi ho jaaygii| yaha madhumatIkArAdi kA mata hai / parantu yaha samIcIna nahIM hai| kyoMki "bhedAvimau" ityAdi bAda meM likhI gayI paGktiyoM se yahI jJAna hotA hai ki sAdRzya sambandha se pravatti honA hI upacAra hai| isalie pUrvokta grantha kA usa uttaragrantha se virodha hotA hai| ataH yaha mata samIcIna nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| "gaGgA ghoSavatI" yahA~ bhI pUrvokta upacAra kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAtA hai isalie svarUpAsiddhi doSa hai / jahA~ Apa upacAra kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAtA hai| isalie 'svarUpAsiddhidoSa' hai; vahA~ upacAra mizritatva A jAtA hai isalie uddezya-vidheyabhAva hI upacAra hai yaha bhI upacAra kA lakSaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; kyoMki go aura vAhIka meM kevala go ko hI lekara jaba prayoga kiyA jAyagA ki "gauH samAnIyatAm" bala ko lAiye to yahAM go aura bAhIka meM kramazaH go uddezya aura vAhIka vidheya nahIM haiM aura yahAM gauNI lakSaNA to hai to yahA~ pUrvokta upacAra ke lakSaNa meM vyabhicAra: arthAt avyAptidoSa A jAyagA / isa taraha jo yaha kahate the ki uddezya vidheyabhAva hI upacAra kahalAtA hai; unakA kathana bhI khaNDita huaa| eka to yaha lakSaNa "agnirmANavakaH" isa gauNI lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM jaise lAgU hotA hai vaise "gaGgA ghoSavatI" isa zuddhA lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM bhI ghaTatA hai isalie ativyApti doSa hai| dUsarI bAta yaha ki 'gAM vAhIkamAnaya' yahAM gauNI lakSaNA ke udAharaNa meM bhI nahIM ghaTatA kyoMki yahAM go aura vAhIka meM uddezyavidheyabhAva nahIM haiN| "govAhIka" milita uddezya hai isalie "samAnIyatAm" ityAdi ke prayoga go meM uddezya aura vAhIka meM vidheyabhAva ne hone ke kAraNa lakSaNa meM vyabhicAra bhI ho jAyagA / aisA lakSaNa hI kyA ? jo lakSya meM bhI na ghaTe aura lakSyetara meM ghaTa jaay| astu "" anubhava aura smaraNa donoM nizcita rUpa se samAna-prakAraka haA karate haiM arthAt yatprakAraka anubhava hai tatprakAraka hI smaraNa hogaa| gotvaprakAraka anubhava hai tabhI gotvaprakAraka smaraNa hogaa| aisA nahIM ki anubhava to ho gotvaprakAraka yAne gAya kA ho aura smaraNa ho gajatva-prakAraka yAne hAthI kaa| isa taraha jaba Aja taka kisI ko gaGgAtva prakAraka tIrAnubhava nahIM huA hai, saba ko tIratvaprakAraka tIra kA hI anubhava huA hai to "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahA~ gaGgApada se gaGgAtva-prakAraka tIra kI smRti (upasthiti) kaise hogI.........? (yahA~ pUrvApara sandarbha ko dekhakara aisA pratIta hotA hai ki khaNDita bhAga kA pratipAdana-viSaya yoM rahA hogA) jaise Apane pUrvokta udAharaNoM ke dvArA smaraNa aura anubhava ko samAna-prakAraka siddha kiyA hai; usI taraha anya udAharaNoM ke dvArA unheM bhinna-prakAraka bhI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai :-jaise koI vArANasI kA nAma le aura use sunakara zrotA ko vahA~ kI sIr3hI, sanyAsI, aura sA~DhoM kA smaraNa ho jAya; to isa smaraNa meM aura zabdazravaNajanyaprApta arthabodha rUpa anubhava meM samAnaprakArakatA nahIM hogI, kyoMki vArANasI pada ke sunane se jisa arthakA bodha aura anubhava huA hai| usameM prakAra (vizeSaNa) hai vArANasI zahara aura smaraNa meM prakAra hai sIr3hI, sanyAsI Adi, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, 1. atrApi mUlapratI pAThaH khaNDitaH / sa ca pANDulipyAM likhitaSaTapaSThAtmakaH / ata eva sandarbhasaMyojanAya bhASAnUvAde sambhAvitapAThAnuvAdaH kalpitaH / saM0

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dvitIya ullAsaH 81 [sU0 14] sAropA'nyA tu yatroktau viSayI viSayastathA / AropyamANaH AropaviSayazca yatrAnapahanutabhedau sAmAnAdhikaraNyena nirdizyate sA lakSaNA saaropaa| [sU0 15] viSayyantaH kRte'nyasmin sA syAt sAdhyavasAnikA // 11 // samAnavibhaktikAropyavAcakapadaniSThAropyatAvacchedakaprakArakAropaviSayopasthitijanakalakSaNatvaM sAropatvam atra vAsAdhAraNadharmaprakAreNetyatra sAdhAraNadharmaprakAreNetikaraNAt sAdhyavasAnalakSaNaM jJeyamiti, atra ca viSayyantaHkRte'nyasminnityupalakSaNaM viSayeNAntaHkRte viSayiNItyapi draSTavyam, 'kacatastrasyati yahAM bhI donoM meM samAnaprakArakatA hI hai| sIr3hI, sanyAsI Adi ke anubhavakSaNa meM jo bodha huA thA, usameM sIr3hI aura sanyAsI Adi jisa taraha vizeSaNa banakara bhAsita hote the; usI taraha unake smaraNa kSaNa meM ve vizeSaNa banakara bhAsita ho rahe haiN| isa taraha "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" yahA~ lakSaNa-lakSaNA mAnane para gaGgA kA taTarUpa meM sarvAtmanA vilaya mAnanA Avazyaka hai tabhI zItatvapAvanatvAtizaya kI pratIti hotI hai| yadyapi zItatvapAvanatvAtizaya kI pratIti ke lie taTa kI pratIti taTatvena na mAnakara gaGgAtvena mAnI jAtI hai tathApi usa gaGgAtva kA artha pravAha nahIM hotA hai| gaGgArtha aura lakSyArtha taTa meM abheda mAnane ke kAraNa hI zItatvapAvanatvAtizaya kI pratIti hotI hai| gaGgApravAha meM ghoSa ke hone se jisa zItatvAtizaya aura pAvanasvAtizaya kI sambhAvanA thI, usakI pratIti "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" kahane se ho jAtI hai| kintu "gaGgAtaTe ghoSaH" kahane se vaha pratIti nahIM ho pAtI / "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM gaGgArtha ke taTArtha meM vilaya ho jAne para bhI yahA~ yamunA taTa kI pratIti nahIM hogI, kyoMki yaha taTa sAdhAraNa taTa nahIM kintu maGgApravAhAbhinna taTa hai| yaha pratIti lakSaNAjagat meM sadA akSuNNa rahatI hai, tabhI to lakSyArtha kA zakyArtha sambaddhana siddha ho sakegA; jo ki lakSaNA kA lakSaNa hai| isa prakAra mammaTa zuddhA ke (upAdAna lakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA) do bheda karake zuddhA ora gauNI donoM lakSaNA ke sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA do-do-bheda karake cAra bheda dikhAnA cAhate haiN| isI sandarbha meM ve pahale sAropA kA lakSaNa dete haiM aura bAda meM sAdhyavasAnA kaa| "sAropAnyA" tu0 tathA "viSamyantaH" ityAdi mUla sUtrArtha jahA~ AropyamANa (upamAna) aura Aropa viSaya (upameya) donoM zabda se kathita hote haiM vahAM dUsarI (goNI)sAropA- lakSaNA hotI hai| ... jahAM upamAna kA hI zabdazaH upAdAna rahatA hai aura upameya kA antarbhAva upamAna meM hI vivakSita rahatA haiM vahAM sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA hotI hai-jaise "citraM citramanAkAze kathaM sumukhi ! cndrmaaH|" yahA~ upameya mukha kA zabda se kathana nahIM hai use vaktA "candramA" meM antarbhUta karake hI bola rahA hai- (yahA~ taka kA pATha khaNDita hai ataH sandarbha zuddhi ke lie Avazyaka samajhakara yaha vinaSTa pATha kA anumAnita anuvAda diyA gayA hai|) asAdhAraNadharmaprakAreNa samAnavibhaktika AropyavAcaka padaniSTha jo AropyatAvacchedaka-prakAraka Aropa hogA tadviSayaka jo upasthiti, tajjanaka jo lakSaNA use sAropA-lakSaNA kahate haiM / "gorvAhIkaH" yahA~ tiSThanmUtrakaraNatvAdi athavA mUrkhatAdi sAdhAraNa dharma eka hai "gauH" aura 'vAhIka:' yahA~ vibhakti bhI samAna hai / isa

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62 kAvyaprakAzaH viSayiNA''ropyamANenAntaHkRte nigINe anyasminnAropaviSaye sati sAdhyavasAnA syAt / vadana''mityAdau tathAdarzanAditi / nanu sAropA'nyA tviti tu zabdasya pUrvavyavacchedakatayA zuddhAnyonyAbhAvavyApyatvaM sAropatvasAdhyavasAnatvayorlabhyate, na caitat sambhavati, uktalakSaNayoH zuddhAyAmapi sambhavAt / kiJca 'siMho mANavaka' ityAdau gauNIvRttyantaramiti sArvatAntrikavyavahAraH, tathA ca tatrApyativyAptamidaM lakSaNadvayam, anyA tvityAdAvanyAdipadena lakSaNAyA eva lakSyatayA vyAkhyAtatvAdityata Aha lie samAna dharma hone ke kAraNa samAna-vibhaktika jo AropyavAcaka pada haiM go aura vAhIka pada, unameM AropyatAvacchedaka prakAraka jo Aropa hai vaha mUrkhatvAdiprakAraka Aropa asAdhAraNa dharma (gotvAdi vAhIkatvAdi dharma)prakAreNa Aropa hai, taviSayaka upasthitijanaka lakSaNA hone ke kAraNa sAropA-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAtA hai / pUrvokta lakSaNA meM jahA~ 'asAdhAraNadharmaprakAreNa" yaha likhA gayA hai vahA~ 'sAdhAraNadharmaprakAreNa' aisA niveza karane se sAdhyavasAnA-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa bana jaaygaa| "gaurjalpati" yahA~ jo Aropa hai; vaha sAdhAraNa dharma (mUrkhatvAdi aura tiSThan-mUtratvAdi sAdhAraNa dharma, ke kAraNa hai, isalie sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sAropA lakSaNA meM viSaya aura viSayI donoM kA zabda dvArA pratipAdana rahane ke kAraNa vahA~ ke Aropa meM gotva aura vAhIkatva bhI prakAra rahatA hai| gotva aura vAhIkatva ubhayasAdhAraNa dharma nahIM hai kyoMki gotva go meM hai vAhIka meM nahIM, isI taraha vAhIkatva vAhIka meM hai kintu 'go, meM nahIM hai| isalie 'gaurvAhIkaH' meM kiye gaye Aropa ko asAdhAraNa-dharma-vizeSaNaka kahA gayA hai| "gaurjalpati" meM 'vAhIka' kA zabdazaH upAdAna nahIM hai isalie yahA~ kA Aropa 'sAdhAraNadharmaprakAraka' mAtra hai| "viSayyantaHkRte'nyasmin sA syAt sAdhyavasAnikA" arthAt viSayI (upamAna) ke dvArA Aropa viSaya (upameya) ke nigIrNa kara liye jAne para sAdhyavasAnA-lakSaNA hotI hai| "citraM citramanAkAze kathaM sumukhi ! candramA:" yahA~ upamAna (candra) ne upameya (mukha) ko nigala liyA hai arthAt upamAna se hI upameya kA pratipAdana hotA hai, isa lie sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA hai / yahA~ "viSayyantaHkRte'nyasmin" isako "viSayeNa antaHkRte viSayiNi" isakA bhI upalakSaNa (bodhaka) mAnanA caahie| upamAna ke dvArA upameya ko nigIrNa kara lene para jaise sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA mAnI jAtI hai vaise hI upameya ke dvArA upamAna ke nigIrNa hone para bhI sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA mAnI jA sakatI hai / isalie "kacatastrasyati vadanaM vadanAt kucamaNDalaM trasati" isa padya meM sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA huii| kisI nAyikA ke varNana meM Upara kA padya kahA gayA hai| bAla (kaca) kA raMga andhakAra ke samAna kAlA hai| isalie use kAvya-jagat meM rAhu kahA jAtA hai / mukha ko candramA mAnA jAtA hai aura kuca-yugaloM ko cakravAka-yugala mAnA jAtA hai| isa taraha kavi yahA~ kahanA cAhatA hai ki nAyikA ke bAla (rAhu) se usakA mukha (candra) DaratA hai aura mukha (candra) kuca-yugala (cakravAka-yugala) se bhaya khAtA hai| (bhalA rAhu se candramA kyoM na Dare aura candramA ko dekhakara rAta meM eka jagaha na rahane ke svabhAvavAle cakravAka-yugaloM ko bhaya khAnA hI cAhie) yahA~ nAyikA kA varNana prastuta hai| isalie 'kaca', 'vadana' aura 'kucamaNDala' viSaya (upameya) hai usI viSaya ke dvArA viSayI upamAna (rAha, candra aura cakravAka-yagala) kA nigaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isalie yahA~ bhI sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA huii| yadi pUrva-nirdeza ke anusAra upalakSaNa nahIM mAneM to yahA~ sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA kA lakSaNa nahIM ghaTane se avyAptidoSa ho jaaygaa| . 1. kacatastrasyati vadanaM vadanAt kucamaNDalaM trasati /

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dvitIya ullAsaH [sU0 16] bhedAvimau ca sAdRzyAt sambandhAntaratastathA / gau zuddhau ca vijJeyau imAvAropAdhyavasAnarUpau sAdRzyahetU bhedI 'gaurvAhIka' ityatra 'gaurayam' ityatra ca / m 83 medAviti, tathA ca tuzabdenopAdAnalakSaNalakSaNayorbheda ukto na tu zuddhAbhedo, na vA gauNI' lakSaNAto bhinnA vRttiriti bhAvaH / nanvevamidaM bhedadvayaM gauNyAH zuddhAyAmapi ityukta vibhAgAnupapattiH vibhAjyatAvacchedakadhamavyApyadharmasyaiva sarvatra vibhAjakatAvacchedakatvAt, na cAtra sAropatvasAdhyavasAnatve gauNItvasya zuddhAtvasya vA vyApye, prathame zuddhAyAM dvitIye gauNyAM vyabhicArAdityata Aha sAdRzyAditi, sAdRzyAd gauNI, sambandhAntarataH sAdRzyAnyasambandhAcchuddhAvityanvayaH tathA ca sAdRzyasambandhapravRttike sAropatvasAdhyavasAnatve gauNItvasya tadanyasambandhapravRttike ca zuddhAtvasya vyApye iti na vibhAgAnupapattiriti bhAvaH / tatra gauNasAropasAdhyavasAnaprabhedAvudAharati imAviti / nanu gauNI na lakSaNa govAhIkayostadudAharaNaviSayayoH sambandhAbhAvAt guNarUpasArayasambandhasya pratisambandhibhinnatvAd ato gauNI, vRttyantarameveti zaGkAmapAkattuH matabhedena samAdhatte / prazna yaha hai ki kArikA (sAropAnyA tu) meM tu zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| yaha 'tu' zabda pUrva kA vyavacchedaka hotA hai arthAt 'tu' zabda kA prayoga pUrva-nirdiSTa artha ke sAtha Age AnevAle artha ke sAtha asambandha batAtA hai / isa taraha yahI siddha hotA hai ki pUrva nirdiSTa zuddhA ke ye bheda nahIM hote haiM / isa taraha siddha hotA hai sAropAtva aura sAdhyavasAnAtva meM zuddhAnyonyAbhAva - vyApyatva hai / arthAt ghaTana paTa: 'ghar3A kapar3A nahIM hai' isa anyonyAbhAva kA vyApya jaise ghaTa aura paTa hai; usI taraha "zuddhA na sAropAdhyavasAne" isa abhyonyAbhAva kA vyApya sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA hai, yaha zaGkA nahIM kI jA sakatI; kyoMki sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA ke lakSaNa 'zuddha' meM bhI ghaTa rahe haiN| isalie zuddhA ke bhI ye bheda ho hI sakate haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki " siMho mANavakaH" yahA~ goNI nAmaka atirikta vRtti hai; yaha aneka zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai; aura vahA~ bhI yaha lakSaNa ativyApta ho rahA hai; kyoMki 'anyA tu' yahA~ anyAdipada se lakSaNA kA hI grahaNa karane kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai isIlie likhate haiM 'bhedAviti' - isa taraha 'tu' zabda se upAdAna lakSaNA aura lakSaNa lakSaNA kA bheda batAyA gayA hai / 'tu' ke dvArA zuddhA kA bheda yA gauNI ko lakSaNA se bhinna vRtti nahIM batAyA gayA hai / yahI pUrvokta paMkti kA akSarArtha hai / sAropA tathA sAdhyavasAnA ke zuddhA tathA gauNI do bheda bhedAvimau ca' ityAdi mUlArtha -- ye (sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnArUpa ) donoM bheda sAdRzya se tathA ( sAdRzya ko chor3akara) anya sambandha se ( sampanna ) hone para ( kramazaH) gauNa tathA zuddha lakSaNA ke bheda samajhane cAhiye | goNI sAropA tathA sAdhyavasAnA ke udAharaNa hai kyoMki vibhAjyatAvacchedakadharmavyApyadharmaM ko hI saba jagaha vibhAjakatAvacchedaka mAnA gayA hai / ye sAropA tathA sAdhyavasAnArUpa bheda sAdRzya-hetuka hone para 'gorvAhIkaH ' 'vAhIka deza kA vAsI puruSa go hai' aura 'gorayam' 'yaha go hai' inameM hai| (aura sAdRzya hone se ve gauNI lakSaNA ke bheda kahalAte haiM) / gauNI ke ye donoM bheda zuddhA ke bhI ho sakate haiM / isa taraha uktavibhAga karanA galata dikhAI par3atA sAropAtva aura sAdhyavasAnatva, goNItva aura zuddhAtva kA vyApya dharma nahIM hai / prathama meM zuddhA meM aura dvitIya meM gauNI meM vyabhicAra ho jAyagA / "yatra yatra sAropAsAdhyavasAnatve tatra tatra gauNItvam" aisA nahIM kaha sakate haiM

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kAvyaprakAzaH atra hi svArthasahacAriNo guNA jADyamAndyAdayo lakSyamANA api gozabdasya parArthAbhidhAne pravRtti-nimittatvamupayAnti, iti kecit / . prati svArtho gotvaM, jAtAdeva zakteH, tasya sahacAriNaH samAnAdhikaraNAH, atra ca na govAhIko zakyalakSyo api tu gotvajADacAdI, tayozca sAmAnAdhikaraNyameva sambandha iti nAtra lakSaNAtvakSatiriti bhAvaH / nanvevaM vAhIke kathamanvayaH ? ityata Aha kyoMki hA sAropA aura zuddhA sAdhyavasAnA meM sAropAva aura sAdhyavasAnatva hai kintu vahA~ gauNItva nahIM hai| isI taraha "yatra yatra sAropAsAdhyavasAnatve tatra-tatra zuddhAtvam" isa sAhacarya niyama kA vyabhicAra goNI sAropA aura goNI sAdhyavasAnA meM dekhA gayA hai isI lie kahate haiM:-"sAhazyAt" iti / sArazya se gauNa aura sambandhAntarataH (arthAta sAdRzya se bhinna sambandha se) zuddha bheda hote haiM / isa taraha sAdRzyasambandha se honevAle sAropAtva aura sAdhyavasAnatva gauNItva ke aura usameM anya sambandha se honevAle sAropAtva aura sAdhyavasAnatva zuddhAtva ke vyApya dharma haiN| isa taraha pUrvokta vibhAga meM koI anupapatti nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jahAM sAdRzya sambandha se lakSaNA hogI aura Aropa kA viSaya tathA viSayI donoM zabdopAtta homeM, vahA~ 'gauNa sAropA lakSaNA' hogI jahAM sAdRzya sambandha se pravRtta lakSaNA meM viSayI mAtra kA ullekha hogA, vahA~ 'goga sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA' hogii| unameM gauNa sAropa aura sAdhyavasAna bhedoM ke udAharaNa dete hue likhate haiM :-"imAviti" / ye sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA bheda sAdRzyahetuka haiM / isalie goNa kahalAte haiN| ye kramika yahA~ hai:-'gaurvAhIka:' tathA 'gaurayam / ' goNI ko lakSaNA na mAnakara bhinna vRtti mAnanevAle kA mata dete hue likhate haiM ki-gauNI lakSaNA nahIM hai| "gaurvAhIkaH" ityAdi udAharaNa meM go aura vAhIka ke bIca meM (loka prasiddha) sambandha nahIM, guNarUpa jo sAdRzyasambandha hai; vaha to prati sambandhI meM bhinna hai| isalie sambandhAbhAva ke kAraNa gauNI ko lakSaNA na mAnakara vRttyantara hI mAnanA cAhie; isa zaMkA ko dUra karane ke lie matabheda se samAdhAna dete haiM 'atra' iti / goNI sAdhyavasAnA viSayaka tIna mata 'golpati' Adi gauNI sAdhyavAsAnA ke udAharaNoM meM lakSaNA-vRtti se bodhya lakSya-artha kyA hai isa viSaya meM mammaTa ne tIna pakSoM ko prastuta kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM 'atra hi svArthaH' ityAdi mUlArtha- 1 yahA~ ('gaurayam' Adi udAharaNoM meM go zabda ke) apane artha ke sahacArI jADya, mAndha Adi guNa, lakSaNa dvArA bodhita hokara bhI, go-zabda ke dvArA vAhIka rUpa dUsare artha ko abhidhA se bodhita karane meM pravRtti-nimitta bana jAte haiM yaha koI vivecaka mAnate haiN| 'atreti svArtho gotvaM' ityAdi TIkArtha pUrvokta paMkti (gorjalpati) meM svArtha kA artha hai gotva; kyoMki isa mata meM jAti meM hI zakti mAnI gayI hai / isa gotva ke sahacArI kA tAtparya hai gotvasamAnAdhikaraNa jo jADaya aura mAndyAdi guNa / lakSaNA ke dvArA vAhIkarUpa dUsare artha ko abhidhA ke dvArA bodhita karane meM pravRttinimitta bana jAte haiM yaha kisI vidvAn kA mata hai| yahAM gau aura vAhIka zakya aura lakSya nahIM haiM kintu gotva aura jADyAdi hI kramazaH zakya aura lakSya haiN| unameM sAmAnAdhikaraNya sambandha to hai hii| isalie yahA~ sambandhAbhAva ke kAraNa lakSaNAbhAva kA jo doSa diyA thA,

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dvitIya ullAsa : 85 svArtha sahacAriguNAbhedena parArthagatA guraNA eva lakSyante na parArtho'bhidhIyata inyanye / parArthAbhidhAna iti / parArtho vAhIkastasyAbhidhAne zaktyA pratipAdane pravRttinimittatvaM zakyatA - vacchedakatvam / subuddhimizrAstu parArthAbhidhAna ityasya svAzrayatvasambandhAllakSaNayA parArthapratipAdana ityarthaH, pravRttinimittatvaM lakSyatAvacchedakatvam, tathA ca lakSitalakSaNeyamityUcuH / keciditi asvarasodbhAvanaM, bIjaM tu prathamavyAkhyAne jADyAderazakyatayA pravRttinimittatvAsambhavaH gozabdasya vAhIke zaktikalpane pramANAbhAvaH vAhIkapadena saha prayogAnupapattizca / mizravyAkhyAne lakSaNApekSayA lakSitalakSaNAyA jaghanyatvam / AlaGkArikamate zakyatAvacchedakasyaiva lakSyatAvacchedakatayA gopadAd gotvavAnityAkArakapratItyupagame'nubhavavirodhazcobhayavyAkhyAne'pIti draSTavyam / matAntaramAha svArthe ti, abhedenetyanena sambandhakathanaM tathA ca zakyasamAnAdhikaraNaguNAbheda evAtra sambandha iti nalakSaNAtvakSatiriti bhAvaH / na tu parArthaM iti AkSepalabhyattvAditi bhAvaH / na cAkSepalabhyasya zAbdasAmAnAdhikaraNyAnupapattiH pratyayArthaikatvakarmatvAdyanvayAnupapattizceti vAcyam, jAtizaktipakSe AkSepalabhyavyakteriva tadupapatteriti / vaha nahIM hogA sambandha (sAmAnAdhikaraNya) hone ke kAraNa lakSaNA meM kisI prakAra kI kSati nahIM AyegI / isa taraha vAhIka meM anvaya kaise hogA ? yaha kahate haiM - 'parArthAbhidhAne' iti - parArtha hai vAhIka, usake artha ke abhidhAna meM arthAt zakti se pratipAdana karane meM (ve guNa ) pravRtti - nimitta - tvaM (zakyatAvacchedakatva) ko prApta hote haiM / arthAt lakSita guNa jADya aura mAndyAdi hI go zabda se abhidhA ke dvArA vAhIka artha ke abhidhAna meM zakyatAvacchedaka banatA hai / subuddhi mizra ne "parArthAbhidhAne" isa kA artha kiyA hai ki 'svAzrayatvasambandha se lakSaNA ke dvArA batAne meM aura "pravRttinimittatvaM" kA artha kiyA hai lakSyatAvacchedakatva / isa taraha unhoMne "yahA~ lakSita lakSaNA "mAnI" hai / yahA~ "kecit " zabda ke dvArA asvarasa ( apanA anabhimata) batAyA gayA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki prathama vyAkhyAna meM jADyAdi ko azakya batAyA gayA hai| isalie vaha pravRtti-nimitta (zakyatAvacchedaka) nahIM ho sakatA jADyAdi meM jaba ki go zabda saMketita nahIM hai; taba use zakya kaise mAnA jAya ? "gozabdasya bAhIkArthAbhidhAne" ke dvArA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki gozabda se vAhIka artha ke abhidhAna meM vaha pravRtti - nimitta hogA / yahA~ yaha kahanA hai ki go zabda kI vAhIka meM zakti kalpanA karane meM pramANa bhI nahIM hai yadi go zabda kA abhidheyArthaM vAhIka ho to "gaurvAhIkaH" yahA~ go zabda ke sAtha vAhIka kA prayoga karanA galata ho jAyagA punarukta doSa A jAyagA / mizra (subuddhi mizra) ke vyAkhyAna meM yaha aruci hai ki lakSaNAvRtti kI apekSA lakSita-lakSaNA jaghanyavRtti mAnI jAtI hai usakA Azraya lekara vyAkhyAna karanA ucita nahIM hai| AlaGkArika ke mata meM zakyatAvacchedaka hI lakSyatAvacchedaka hotA hai| isIlie to "gaGgAyAM ghoSa:" meM tIra kI upasthiti gaGgAtvena hI mAnate haiM / ataH gopada se "gotvavAn" isa rUpa meM pratIti mAnane meM anubhava virodha hogA; yaha doSa donoM vyAkhyAnoM meM hai / dUsarA mata batAte haiM - svArtha sahacAriguNAbhedena ityAdi /

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6 kAvyaprakAza sAdhAraNaguNAzrayatvena parArtha eva lakSyata ityapare / anye ityasvarasodbhAvanaM tadbIjaM cAnyalabhyatayA dharmiNo'lakSyatve tIrAderapi gnggaadipdlkssytaanaapttiH| jAtizaktisvIkAre cAnantyavyabhicAradoSaparihAra eva bIjam atra ca jADyAderapyanantatayA tadaparihAraH / vastuto jAterapi na zakyatvam, api tu vyaktereva zAbdasAmAnAdhikaraNyAnurodhAditi prAgahamacintayamiti draSTavyam / vAstavikaM pakSamAha sAdhAraNeti tathA ca govyaktivRttijADyAdi samAnaguNAzrayatvasyakasyaiva sambandhasya sattvAnnAtra lakSaNAtvakSatiriti na gauNIvRttyantaramiti bhAvaH / parArtha iti / tathA ca na sAmAnAdhikaraNyAdyanupa 2. gozabda se usake artha ke sahacArI jADaca, mAndya Adi guNoM se abhinna rUpa meM vAhIkagata guNa hI lakSita hote haiN| parantu ve vAhIka artha ke abhidhA dvArA bodhana meM pravRtti-nimitta nahIM hote haiM; yaha anya mAnate haiM / pUrvokta pakti meM "abhedena" zabda ke dvArA sambandha batAyA gayA hai| isa taraha zakya-samAnAdhikaraNa guNoM kA abheda honA hI, yahA~ go aura vAhIka meM sambandha hai| arthAt gotva ke adhikaraNa (go) meM sAtha-sAtha rahanevAle guNa jADya aura mAndyAdi kA abheda honA hI (go aura vAhIka meM) sambandha hai| isalie sambandhAbhAva ke kAraNa lakSaNAbhAva kA jo doSa diyA gayA thA; vaha nahIM hai| pUrvokta sambandha ke kAraNa lakSaNA ho hI jaaygii| "na tu parArtha" zabda se batAyA gayA hai ki vAhIka artha yahA~ abhidhAbodhya nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki vaha to AkSepalabhya hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki AkSepalabhya mAnane para usakA zAbda-bodha meM bhAna nahIM hogA aura na vaha "gauH" ke sAtha samAnAdhikaraNAnvaya prApta kara sakegA aura na usakA pratyayArtha ekatva aura karmatva ke sAtha anvaya ho sakegA to yaha kathana galata hogA, kyoMki mImAMsaka ke matAnusAra jAti meM zakti mAnane para bhI jaise "gAmAnaya" ityAdi sthala meM AkSipta vyakti ke sAtha jisa taraha saMkhyA, karmAdi kA anvaya hotA hai; jaise vahAM vyakti kA zAbda-bodha meM bhAna hotA hai aura jaise sAmAnAdhikaraNya-sambandha hotA hai vaise hI saba kucha ho jaayegaa| "anye" isa zabda se isa mata ke sAtha bhI 'asvArasya' anabhimatatva prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki anyalabhya hone ke kAraNa yadi dharmI ko alakSya mAne, jaisA ki Apane vAhIka ko mAnA. hai;to tIra bhI gaGgApada kA lakSyArtha nahIM mAnA jaaygaa| vyakti meM zakti na mAnakara jAti meM zakti mAnane kA kAraNa Anantya aura vyabhicAra doSa se chuTakArA prApta karanA hI thA kintu jADya-mAndyAdi guNa ko lakSaNA-bodhya mAnane para jADyAdi ke ananta hone ke kAraNa ananta vyabhicAra doSa kA parihAra nahIM ho paayegaa| zakyatAvacchedaka kI anantatA kI taraha lakSyatAvacchedaka kI anantatA bhI doSa hI mAnI gayI hai / vastutaH jAti bhI zakya nahIM hai| kintu vyakti hI zakya hai, tabhI use "nIlIm gAmAnaya" yahAM zAbdasAmAnAdhikaraNyAnvaya saMbhava hogaa| isIlie zAbda-sAmAnAdhikaNyAnurodhena jAti ko zakya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA (isa para maiMne pUrva pRSThoM vicAra kiyA hai)| aisI sthiti meM go zabda ke svArtha ke rUpa meM "gotva" ko nahIM liyA jA sktaa| jaba gotva svArtha hI nahIM huA to jADya aura mAndyAdi svArtha sahacArI guNa nahIM ho skte| isa taraha svArtha (gotva) sahacArI guNa (jADya-mAnyAdi) se abhinna rUpa meM vAhIkagata guNa hI lakSita hote haiM yaha kathana hI galata hai| vAstavika pakSa batAte haiM-"sAdhAraNa guNAzrayatvena parArtha eva lakSyate itypre|" .. 3. go aura vAhIka donoM meM samAna guNoM ke Azraya hone se vAhIka artha hI lakSaNA ke dvArA upasthita hotA hai yaha Upara (mukula bhaTTa tathA mImAMsaka) mAnate haiN|

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dvitIya ullAsaH uktaJcAnyatra "abhidheyAvinAbhUtapratItirlakSaNocyate / lakSyamANaguragaryogAd vRtteriSTA tu gaunntaa||" iti| avinAbhAvo'tra sambandhamAtraM na tu nAntarIyakatvam / tattve hi 'maJcAH krozanti' ityAdau pattiriti bhAvaH / svokte tAntrikasammatimAha uktaM cAnyati / pratItirlakSaNeti / idaM ca prAcInamatAnusAreNa / / navInamate'bhidheyAvinAbhUtasya pratItiryayA sA'bhidheyAvinAbhUtapratItiH zakyasambandharUpeti / lakSyamAraNeti / lakSyamANasya padArthasya ye guNA jADyamAndyAdayastadyogAditi tatpuruSo na tu karmadhArayaH, caramapakSe svAbhimate guNasyAlakSyatvAd viziSTalakSaNAnaGgIkArAt / yadyapi karmadhArayeNAdya'pakSayorapyupodvalakamidamiti vaktuM zakyaM tathApi cara' me'bhihitata-] yA tasyaiva siddhAntatvAd rUpadvayena isa taraha go vyakti meM vidyamAna jADyAdi guNoM ke samAna guNoM kA Azrayatva rUpa eka hI sambandha ke hone ke kAraNa yahA~ lakSaNA mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| yahAM bhI lakSaNA hI vRtti hai isalie yahAM gauNI nAmaka anya vRtti mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| "parArtha eva lakSyate" isakA tAtparya hai ki vAhIka artha ko lakSya mAnane para usakI bhI vRtti dvArA upasthiti siddha ho gyii| isalie sAmAnAdhikaraNya, zabda bodha meM bhAna aura pratyayArtha saMkhyA aura karmAdi ke sAtha anvaya meM bhI koI kaThinAI nahIM hotI hai| * apane kathana meM zAstrakAroM ko sammati batAte hue likhate haiM, 'uktaJcAnyatra...' .yaha uddharaNa kumArila bhaTTa ke 'zlokavArtika' meM milatA hai| yahA~ kArikA kI prArambhika eka paGikta nahIM dI gayI hai / sampUrNa kArikA isa prakAra hai ___"mAnAntaraviruddha hi mukhyArthasya parigrahe / abhidheyAvinAbhUtapratItirlakSaNocyate // lakSyamANa guNayorgAd variSTA ta gaunntaa|" kArikA kA bhAvArtha isa prakAra hai ki-mukhyArtha kA anya pramANoM se bAdha hone para mukhyArtha (abhidheya) artha se sambaddha (avinAbhUta) artha kI pratIti (karAnevAlI vRtti) lakSaNA kahalAtI hai| lakSyamANa (jADya-mAndyAdi) guNoM ke yoga se arthAt una guNoM ke vAhIka meM rahane ke kAraNa yaha lakSaNA-vRtti gauNI bhI kahalAtI hai|' isase spaSTa hai ki gauNI vRtti koI nayI vRtti nahIM hai; yaha goNI lakSaNA hI hai| yaha vyAkhyA prAcIna matAnusAra hai| navIna mata meM "abhidheyAvinAbhUtasya pratItiryayAsA'bhidheyAvinAbhUtapratItiH zakyasambandharUpA" yaha vigraha aura artha abhipreta hai| arthAt jisa vRtti se abhidheya sambaddha artha kI pratIti ho use lakSaNA kahate haiM / isa taraha "zakya-sambandha" hI lakSaNA kahalAtI hai| "lakSyamANaguNaryogA"dityAdi meM 'lakSyamANasya padArthasya ye guNA jADya-mAndyAdayastadyogAt, isa prakAra SaSThI tasuruSa mAnanA cAhie; na ki lakSyamANa "guNaiH" meM karmadhAraya mAnanA caahie| apane abhISTa carama pakSa meM jADaya-mAndhAdi guNa lakSya nahIM hai; aura viziSTa lakSaNA mAnI nahIM gayI hai| isalie gaNa ko lakSyamANa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yahA~ tIna pakSa diye gaye haiN| gogata jADya-mAndayAdi meM (lakSaNA) yaha pahalA pakSa hai| dvitIya pakSa meM go gata jADya-mAndayAdi sajAtIya jADyamAndayAdi meM lakSaNA mAnI gayI hai / tathA vAhIka meM lakSaNA hai yaha tRtIya (antima) pakSa hai| 1. gogatajADyamAndyAdI ityeka : pakSaH, gogatajADacamAndyAdisajAtIyajADyamAndyAdau iti dvitIyaH pkssH| 2. vAhIke iti caramaH pakSaH /

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88 kAvyaprakAzaH na lakSaNA syAt / avinAbhAve cAkSepeNaiva siddherlakSaraNAyA nopayoga ityuktam / 'AyurdhRtam', 'Ayurevedm' ityAdau ca sAdRzyAdanyat kAryakAraNabhAvAdi sambandhAntaram / vyAkhyAne vAkyabhedAcca tatpuruSa eva zreyAniti bodhyam / nAntarIyakatvaM vyAptiH, yuktimAha - tathAtvehoti / maJcasya bhUtalavRttitayA maJcasthasya maJcavRttitayA daizikavyApterabhAvAnmaJcasthaM vinA'pi maJca - pramiteH kAlikavyApterapyasambhavAditi bhAvaH / nanu krozanakAlAvacchedena tayorapyavinAbhAvo'styevetyata Aha - zravinAbhAve ceti / idamupalakSaNaM sambandhamAtrasyAtiprasaktatayA'vinAbhAva ucyate sa ca tathApi samAna eva gaGgAdipadArthasya vyApakasyAnekavidhatvAt tAtparyAttanniyamastu tulya eva / vastutaH zabdasya svaparatve lakSaNA''vazyakI, na ca zabdasyArthena samaM daizikaH kAliko'pyavinAbhAva ityapi bodhyam / yadyapi yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki karmadhAraya samAsa se jo artha siddha hotA hai; usase Adima donoM pakSoM meM bala yA prAmANya AtA hai| kyoMki donoM pakSoM meM guNa ko hI lakSaNAbodhya mAnA gayA hai aura "lakSyamANazcAsau guNaH " isa vigraha se vahI praSANita hotA hai| tathApi vaisA nahIM mAnA gayA kyoMki guNoM kI 'abhidheyAvinAbhUta pratIti' nahIM hotI hai| isalie carama pakSa ko siddhAntarUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA 1 yadi eka hI vAkya kA do rUpa se vyAkhyAna kareM; to vAkyabheda A jAyagA / isalie "lakSyamANaguNai:" meM tatpuruSa samAsa hI mAnanA cAhie / kumArila bhaTTa kI uddhRta pUrvokta kArikA meM avinAbhAva se kevala 'saMmbandha mAtra lenA cAhie usakA artha 'nAntarIyakatva' arthAt vyApti nahIM samajhanA caahie| yadi avinAbhAva kA artha yahA~ vyApti leM, to vyApti na hone ke kAraNa "maJcAH krozanti" meM lakSaNA nahIM ho sakegI / "maJcA:" kI yahA~ ( maJcastha ) puruSa meM lakSaNA mAnI jAtI hai; vaha nahIM hogI kyoMki maJca bhUtala para hai aura puruSa maJca pr| isalie abhidheya aura isalie donoM meM kAlika lakSya ke bIca dezika vyApti nahIM hai / maJca kI pratIti maJcastha ke binA bhI hotI hai; vyApti bhI nahIM hai / jina do meM vyAptigraha apekSita ho; unameM deza aura kAla kI ekatA apekSita hotI hai / pUrvokta donoM prakAra kI ekatA nahIM hone ke kAraNa lie yahA~ avinAbhAva kA artha vyApti na mAnakara isalie "maJcAH krozanti" meM maJca aura maJcastha puruSa meM vyApti nahIM hone para bhI mAnI gayI lakSaNA kI upapatti ke kevala sambandhamAtra mAnanA caahie| yadi yaha kaheM ki krozana kA jo kAla hai usa kAla meM maJca bhI vidyamAna hai aura maJcastha puruSa bhI / isa taraha krozanakAlAvacchedena donoM kI vyApti lI jA sakatI hai; isalie dUsarA samAdhAna prastuta karate haiM ki 'avinAbhAve ca' / arthAt agara avinAbhAva kA artha vyApti leM; to vyApti ke kAraNa AkSepa (anumAna) se hI siddha ho jAne para lakSaNA kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM raha jAyegI / "avinAbhAva" yaha upalakSaNa hai / upalakSaNa kA artha hai 'svabodhakatve sati svatulyetarabodhakatvam / ' arthAt upalakSaNa use kahate haiM jo svabodhaka ho, aura svatulya itara kA bhI bodhaka ho / kArikA meM 'avinAbhAva' zabda ke badale yadi 'sambandha' zabda rakhate haiM to 'sambandha' sarvatra atiprasakta hai; isalie 'sambandha' nahIM kahakara afarbhAva kahA gayA hai tathApi 'avinAbhAva' kaheM yA sambandha kaheM koI antara nahIM AtA, gaGgAdipadArtha vyApaka ke sambandha meM bhI vyabhicAra sambhava hai / udAharaNa ke lie gaGgA kA artha hai pravAha, vaha kahIM caur3A, kahIM gaharA kahIM uthalA Adi hai / isalie usakA lakSya artha tIra ke sAtha ke sambandha sAmIpyAdi meM bhI antara

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dvitIya ullAsaH evamAdau ca kAryakAraNabhAvAdilakSaNapUrve AropAdhyavasAne / atra gauNabhedayo de'pi tAdrUpyapratItiH sarvathaivAbhedAvagamazca prayojanam / prAyuriti / sambandhAntaratastatheti vyAcaSTe-sAdRzyAdanyaditi / sambandhAntaramityanantaraM vartate iti shessH| nanu sambandhAntarasya vidyamAnatAmAtra na zuddhAtvaprayojaka 'gaurvAhIka' ityatrApyekabaddhiviSayatvAdeH sambandhAntarasya sattvena zaddhatvApatteH, 'Ayurgha tami'tyatrApi prameyatvAdinA sAdRzyasattvenA gauNatvApatteH, api tu tattatsambandhapuraskAreNa prayuktatvaM tathAtvaprayojakam / tatkathaM sAdRzyAnyasambandhakattAmAtreNedaM zuddhasAropasAdhyavasAnodAharaNamityata Aha evamAdAviti / kAryakAraNabhAvAdilakSyate jJAyate'neneti kAryakAraNabhAvalakSaNakAryakAraNabhAvaspaSTa hai| yadi tAtparyavaza usameM niyamana mAneM to vaha vyAptigraha kA bhI niyAmaka ho sakatA hai| jaise "maJcAH kozanti" jaba kahate haiM to maJca kI alaga-alaga pratIti hI nahIM raha jAtI hai| isalie daizika aura kAlika bheda meM pratIti kI guJjAiza hI kahA~ hai ? isa taraha anumAna se hI lakSaNA gatArtha hai| avinAbhAva kA artha agara vyApti leM aura taba anumAna se hI kAma cala jAne se lakSaNA kI upayogitA zeSa nahIM raha jAya to koI Apatti nahIM vastutaH zabda jaba svaparaka hotA hai to vahA~ lakSaNA Avazyaka hai| jaise "dvirepha" zabda kA lakSyArtha hai prmr'| yaha zabda abhidhA ke dvArA "dvau repho yasmin" isa yogArtha kA bodhaka hone ke kAraNa "bhramara" isa zabda kA bodhaka banegA parantu tAtparya to zabda meM nahIM apitu 'bhramara' artha meM hai| isalie yahA~ lakSaNA mAnanA Avazyaka hai kyoMki zabda kA artha ke sAtha daizika aura kAlika bhI avinAbhAva nahIM hai| zabda kA AdhAra AkAza deza hai aura artha kA pathivyAdi dravya / isalie daizika vyApti nahIM hai aura zabda to Azu-vinAzI hai| artha usakI apekSA adhika-kAla-sthAyI hai / ghaTArtha pahale bhI thA, aba bhI hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI zAyada rahe / isalie ghaTa artha aura ghaTa zabda kI kAlika vyApti bhI nahIM hai ataH 'avinAbhAva' kahane se 'dvirepha' meM lakSaNA nahIM hotI thii| isalie 'avinAbhAva' se sambandhamAtra lenA chie| zuddha sAropA aura zuddha sAdhyavasAnA kA udAharaNa dete haiM-"Ayurghatam" "Ayurevedam / " "ghI Ayu hai ayavA yaha (ghI) Ayu hI hai|' ityAdi sthala meM sAdRzya se bhinna kAryakAraNabhAva Adi anya sambandha lakSaNA ke prayojaka haiN| isa prakAra ke udAharaNoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva-sambandhapUrvaka Aropa aura adhyavasAna hote haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki "Ayurghatam" meM AropyamANa Ayu aura Aropa viSaya ghI donoM zabdataH upAtta haiM; isalie yahA~ 'sAropA zuddhA lakSaNA' hai aura "Ayurevedam" yahA~ AropaviSaya ghRta zabdataH upAtta nahIM hai| isalie sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA mAnate haiN| "sambandhAntaratastathA" isakI vyAkhyA hai "sAhazyAdanyat" arthAt 'sAdRzya se anya' / sambandhAtara ke bAda "vartate" zabda kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha pUre vAkya kA artha huA ki 'Ayurghatam' 'Ayurevedam' ityAdi sthala meM sAdRzya se anya sambandhAntara hai| anya sambandha kA honA hI zuddhAtva kA prayojaka nahIM mAnanA caahie| aisA mAnane se "gorvAhIkaH" meM 'ekabuddhiviSayasvarUpasambandhAntara' ke kAraNa zuddhA lakSaNA mAnanI pdd'egii| tAtparya yaha hai ki "gohIkaH" meM gau aura vAhIka donoM kA yadi bodha hai to donoM meM ekabuddhi viSayatArUpa sambandhAntara hone ke kAraNa sAdRzya se bhinna sambandha hone se zuddhA lakSaNA mAnanI pdd'egii|

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kAvyaprakAzaH zuddhabhedayostvanyavailakSaNyenAvyabhicAreNa ca kAryakAritvAdi / sambandhapuraskAreNa prayogastatpUrvamityarthaH / tathA cAtra na tAdRzasambandhasya sattAmAtram, api tu tatpuraskAreNa prayogo'pIti nodAharaNatAkSatirityarthaH / anyathA sAdRzyAdanyaditi pUrvaphakkikayA samaM evamAdAviti phakkikAyAH paunaruktyApAtAditi mama pratibhAti, sambandhasya lakSaNAtvapakSe pUrvaphakkikA, pratIterlakSaNAtve evamAdAviti phakkikA tatrA'ropAdhyavasAnAvityasya pratItivizeSAvityartha iti yshodhropaadhyaayaaH| tAdU pyapratItiriti sAdhyavasAnA "Ayurghatam" yahA~ bhI "prameyatva" donoM meM samAna hai isalie sAdRzya hone ke kAraNa gauNI lakSaNA mAnanI pdd'egii| isalie sAdRzya se bhinna kisI anya sambandha kA honA hI lakSaNA kA prayojaka nahIM hai kintu sAdRzya se bhinna kisI anya sambandha ko AdhAra banAkara prayoga karanA zuddhAtva kA prayojaka hai| isa taraha sAdRzya se bhinna sambandhavAn hone ke kAraNa ina udAharaNoM ko zuddha sAropA aura zuddha sAdhyavasAnA kyoM mAnA gayA yaha kahate haiM- "evmaadau"| isa prakAra ke udAharaNoM meM kAryakAraNabhAvAdilakSaNapUrvaka Aropa aura adhyavasAna hote haiN| yahA~ . 'kAryakAraNa-bhAvAdi-lakSaNe' kA artha hai 'kAryakAraNabhAvAdilakSyate' anena arthAt jisase kAryakAraNabhAvAdi jJAta ho| isa vigraha ke anusAra kAryakAraNabhAva lakSaNa kA artha hotA hai kArya kAraNabhAva-sambandha / usako AdhAra banAkara jo prayoga ho, tatpUrvaka AropAdhyAvasAna ko zuddhA lakSaNA mAnate haiN| isalie yahA~ usa prakAra ke sAdRzya se bhinna (ekabuddhi viSayatvAdi aura prameyavAdinA sAdRzya) sambandha kI sattA nahIM hai yaha tAtparya vivakSita nahIM hai; api tu tatsambandhapUrvaka prayoga nahIM hai yaha vivakSita hai| isalie "Ayurghatam" ko zuddhA kA aura gaurvAhIka ko gauNI kA udAharaNa mAnane meM koI kSati nahIM huii| anyathA "sAdRzyAdanyat" ityAdi pUrvagrantha ke sAtha "evamAdI" isa grantha-sandarbha kA punarukta doSa ho jAyegA, mujhe yaha pratIta hotA hai| zrIyazodhara upAdhyAya kA mata yaha hai ki sambandha ko (zakya sambandha ko) lakSaNA mAnakara pUrva grantha phakkikA likhI gayI hai aura pratIti ko lakSaNA mAnakara "evamAdo" ityAdi grantha likhA gayA hai| vahAM AropAdhyavasAna ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM "pratItiviSayau" yaha bhI jor3anA caahie| pUrvokta cAroM prakAra ke udAharaNoM meM se "gorvAhIkaH" aura "gaurayam" ina gauNI ke sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA bhedoM meM AropyamANa 'go' tathA Aropa viSaya 'vAhIka' meM bheda honepara bhI una donoM ke tAdAtmya kI pratIti lakSaNA se hotI hai| una donoM meM sarvathA abheda kA bodha karanA gauNI lakSaNA kA prayojana hai| yaha Azaya "tAdrapyapratItiH" aura "sarvathavAbhedAvagamazca prayojanam" ina paktiyoM meM batAyA gayA hai| pUrvokta pakti meM "tAdrapyapratIti" ko 'vyaGgaya batAyA gayA hai vaha to galata pratIta hotA hai; kyoMki vizeSaNa-vibhakti kA abheda artha mAnA gayA hai| isIlie tApya ko zakyArtha mAnanA cAhie na ki vyaGgayArtha / yadi Apa kaheM ki vizeSaNa vibhakti kA artha abheda nahIM hai| kyoMki pANini Adi kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne abheda meM vizeSaNa vibhakti kA vidhAna nahIM kiyA hai| isa taraha abheda meM vizeSaNa vibhakti kI zakti vaiyAkaraNoM ke

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dvitIya ullAsa: nanu vizeSaNavibhakterabhedArthakatvena tAdU pyasya zakyatvAnna vyaGgyatvam, atha kenApi pANinyAdinA'bhede vizeSaNavibhaktau zakteranupadarzanAnnAbhedo vizeSaNavibhaktararthaH saMsargamaryAdayava tadbhAnAt, anyathA vAkyasamAnArthakatvasiddhaye nIlotpalamityAdikarmadhAraye'pi lakSaNApatteriti, kintu nIlotpalamityukte nIlasyotpalaM nIlaM vA utpalamiti bhedAbhedarUpasaMsargayostAtparyasandeho mA bhUditi nIlamityatra dvitIyAvizeSaNavibhaktirabhedatAtparyasphoriketi yuktamuktaM tAdra pyapratItiH prayojanamiti ced ? maivam / tathApi tAdra pyasya vAkyArthatvena vyaGgayatvAyogAditi / atrAhaH-vizeSaNavibhakterabhedArthakatve sambandhitAvacchedakatvena tadabhAne ca saMsargamaryAdayA sAropAyAmabhedasyopasthitAvapi svAtantryeNa sAdhyavasAnAyAM ca padAntarAbhAvena sambandhitAvacchedakatvena dvArA azita hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta sthaloM meM tApya kI pratIti zakyArtha ke rUpa meM nahIM ho sakatI to isakA samAdhAna hai ki saMsarga-maryAdA se hI abheda artha A jAtA hai| vAkya meM Aye hue padoM ke bIca AkAMkSAdi ke kAraNa sambandha (abheda) svayaM bhAsita ho jAtA hai| anyathA (yadi abheda artha vizeSaNa vibhakti kA hI mAne, saMsarga maryAdA se usakA bhAna na mAneM to) "nIlotpalam" karmadhAraya ke isa samasta pada meM jahA~ ki vizeSaNa meM vibhakti nahIM hai use "nIlamutpalam" isa vAkya kA samAnArthaka siddha karane ke lie lakSaNA mAnanI hogii| isalie mAnanA cAhie ki abheda artha vizeSaNa vibhakti kA nahIM hai; vaha to saMsarga maryAdA se hI AtA hai| isa para prazna yaha uThatA hai ki yadi aMbheda artha saMsarga-maryAdA se hI AtA hai to "nIlam utpalam" yahA~ 'nIlam' meM jo vibhakti hai usakA prayoga nahIM honA cAhie kyoMki "uktArthAnAmaprayoga:" yaha siddhAnta hai| parantu isakA uttara yaha hai ki yadi 'nIlam' meM vibhakti nahIM lAte to 'nIlotpalam Anaya' yaha kahane para "nIlasya .. utpalam" hai yA "nIlam utpalam" hai isa prakAra kA sandeha utpanna hotA arthAt yahA~ nIla-utpalam meM bheda-sambandha hai yA abheda-sambandha, isa prakAra kA sandeha hotA; isalie pUrvokta prakAra se saMsarga-grahaNa meM tAtparya kA sandeha na ho isalie vizeSaNa meM vizeSya ke atirikta vibhakti abheda-tAtparya ko sphuTa karane ke lie lagAyI gayI hai| isa taraha spaSTa hai ki tAdra pya zakyArtha nahIM hai parantu vaha vizeSaNa vibhakti kA dyotya artha hai| isa taraha tAdra pyapratIti prayojana hai yaha kathana ThIka hI hai aisA nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki pUrvokta siddhAnta ke anusAra bhI tAdrUpya vAkyArtha hI ThaharatA hai; use 'vyaGgaya' kahanA galata hI hai| isake sambandha meM yazodharopAdhyAya ne kahA hai ki "vizeSaNa vibhakti ko abhedArthaka mAnane para aura sambandhitAvacchedakarUpa meM usakA bhAna nahIM hone para saMsargamaryAdA se saropA meM abheda kI upasthiti hone para bhI svAtantryeNa sAdhyavasAnA meM padAntara ke na hone ke kAraNa sambandhitAvacchedakarUpa se yA saMsargarUpa se yA svatantrarUpa se athavA saba taraha se usakI upasthiti ke lie vyaJjanA mAnanI caahie|| mAnA ki vizeSaNa vibhakti kA artha abheda hotA hai parantu jaba taka abheda kA sambandhitAvacchedakarUpa meM bhAna na hogA taba taka "gaurvAhIkaH" meM abheda-sambandha se anvaya nahIM hogaa| isalie abheda kI upasthiti saMsargamaryAdA se hI mAnanI hogii| svAtantryeNa abheda kI upasthiti sAropA meM abhISTa hai| isake lie vyaJjanA se hI usakI upasthiti mAnanI hogii| sAdhyavasAnA meM to "gorjalpati" meM dUsarA samAnAdhikaraNa pada hai nahIM isalie koI pada kisI kA vizeSaNa nahIM haiN| ataH vizeSaNa vibhakti ke abhAva meM abheda kI upasthiti vahAM na vibhakti dvArA sambhava hai aura na sasarga-maryAdA se sambhava hai / isalie sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA meM sambandhitA

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62 kAvyaprakAzaH saMsargatvena svAtantryeNa veti sarvaprakAreNaiva tadupasthitaye vyaJjanopAsanIyeti yazodharopAdhyAyAH / sAropAyAM dharmayoH sAdhyavasAnAyAM dharmiNoH dharmayozcAbhedapratItiH prayojanamiti navInAH / vastutastu prayojanamityanantaraM pratipAdayatIti zeSaH / tena vidagdhakAryeNA [ nA]yaM yojya iti vyaGgyam, na ca sAdhyavasAnAyAM padAntarAbhAvAt kathamabhedapratItiriti vAcyam, zaktyA tadabhAne'pi vyaJjanayaiva tatsambhavAt sAMdhyavasAnAyAmapyAropaviSayavAcakapadAvazyakatvasya mayoktatvAcca / na ca sarvathaivetyasya vaiyarthyam, sAdhyavasAnAyAmapi padAntarasattvenAbhedapratyAyakatve sAropave lakSaNyA bhAvAditi vAcyam, sAropAyAM vAhIkatvarUpavaidharmyasyopasthityA'nyonyAbhAvasvarUpabhedayorabhAvasyopasthitAvapi vaidharmyarUpabhedAbhAvasyAnupasthiteH sAdhyavasAnAyAM ca vAhIkatvAnupasthityA vaidharmyarUpabhedAbhAvasyApyupasthiteriti / na ca sAdhyavasAnAyAmidamAdipadasya sarvanAmatayA buddhisthatattatprakAreNaiva tattadarthopasthityA vAhIkatve nopasthitiriti vAcyam, vacchedakarUpa se yA saMsargarUpa se yA svatantrarUpa se yA saba taraha se tAdrUpya kI upasthiti ke lie vyaJjanA avazya upAsanIya hai; yaha yazodharIyAdhyAya ke mata kA sArAMza hai / sAropA meM dharmoM kI (AropyamANa aura AropaviSaya ubhayaniSTha jADagha - mAnyAdi kI) abhedapratIti prayojana hai aura sAdhyavasAnA meM dharmI aura dharma donoM kI abhedapratIti prayojana hai yaha navIna (AcArya) kahate haiM / vastuta: ' prayojanam' zabda ke bAda 'pratipAdayati' zabda 'zeSa' samajhanA caahie| tena "vidagdhakAyeM nAyaM yojya : " yaha vyaGgaya hai / arthAt "tAdrUpyapratItiH, abhedAvagamazca prayojanam" kA artha yaha nahIM karanA cAhie ki tAdrayapratIti 'aura' abhedAvagama yahA~ prayojana hai kintu isakA artha yaha mAnanA cAhie ki tAd pyapratIti' aura abhedAvagama ye yahAM prayojana batAte haiM / arthAt ' gaurvAhIkaH " yahA~ donoM kI abhedapratIti se jo vyaGgagha nikalatA hai ki isa 'vAhIka' ko vidagdha ( buddhimAnoM) kA kArya nahIM denA cAhie, vahI prayojana hai| aisA prayojana abhedapratIti se nikalA ; isalie prayojana ke bAda 'pratipAdayati' kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA meM (gaurjalpati ityAdi udAharaNa meM) vAhIkAdi padAntara ke abhAva ke kAraNa abheda pratIti kaise hogI ? yaha prazna nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki zakti ke dvArA abheda kI pratIti na hone para bhI vyaJjanA se hI usakI pratIti ho jaayegii| sAdhyavasAnA meM bhI Aropa viSaya (vAhIkAdi) ke vAcaka pada kI AvazyakatA hotI hai yaha maiMne pratipAdita kiyA hai / "sarvathaivAbhedAvagamazca prayojanam" yahA~ "sarvathaiva" yaha pada vyartha hai, kyoMki sAdhyavasAnA meM bhI padAntara yadi mAneM to usameM sAropA se kucha vilakSaNatA nahIM rahegI, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki sAropA meM vAhIkatvarUpa vaidharmya kI bhI upasthiti hotI hai, isalie anyonyAbhAva aura svarUpa bheda ke abhAvoM kI upasthiti hote hue bhI vaidharmyarUpa kA bheda abhAva vahA~ upasthita nahIM hotA / kintu sAdhyavasAnA meM vAhIkatva kI upasthiti nahIM hotI hai, isalie vahA~ vaidharmyarUpa bhedAbhAva kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai / yahI una donoM meM bheda rahegA / sAdhyavasAnA meM "gaurayam" ityAdi udAharaNoM meM jahA~ sarvanAma kA prayoga rahatA hai vahA~ bhI sarvanAma to buddhistha padArtha kA hI parAmarzaka hotA hai isalie sarvanAma dvArA buddhistha tattatprakAreNa hI tattadarthaM (vAhIkArtha) kI upasthiti hogI, vahA~ 'gaurvAhika: ' meM jaise vAhIkatvena upasthiti hotI hai; usa rUpa meM upasthiti nahIM hogI yaha bhI donoM meM bheda ho sakatA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie "gaurayam" meM "ayam' zabda kA prayoga purovartI

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hitIya ullAsaH 83 kvacit tAdAdupacAraH / yathA- indrArthA sthUNA 'indraH' / kvacit svasvAmi purovattitvAdereva buddhisthatAdazAyAM tatra sAdhyavasAnatAyAH sambhavAd vAhIkatvAdinA buddhisthatAdazAyAM tasya sAropodAharaNatvAt, sarvanAmasthale buddhisthatvasyaiva prakAratAyA yuktisahatvAt / tathAhi-yaddharmAvacchinnatayopasthite zaktigrahaH sa eva dharmastatpadajanyopasthitau prakAra iti. sarvasiddham / tathA ca tatra tadAdipade tattatprakArANAmanantatayA viziSyopasthiterasambhavena tattadavacchinnatayopasthiteSu na zaktigrahaH tathA sati buddhisthatvenopasthityApattAvanubhavavirodhAt / / kiJca zakyatAvacchedakIbhUtaprakArANAM buddhisthatvasyAnavacchedakatve zakyatAvacchedakAnantyenAnekazaktikalpanAgauravaM zakyeSu ca tasyAvacchedakatve zakyatAvacchedakaikye, naikazaktikalpanAlAghavamiti yuktmutpshyaamH| anyalakSaNyenAnyakAraNApekSayA prAdhAnyenAvyabhicAreNAnyakAraNarAhityenAnyavailakSaNyaM svarUpayogyatA'vyabhicAraH phalopadhAyakateti kecit / kAryakAraNabhAvAdItyAdipadagrAhyasambandhAnAha kvacidityAdinA takSetyantena / tAdAttAdarthyarUpasambandhAt upacAro lakSaNA, indrArtheti / padArtha ke nirdeza ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai| isalie purovartI padArtha hI jaba buddhistha rahegA to vahA~ sAdhyamAnatA ho sakatI hai vAhIkatva ke rUpa meM jaba vaha buddhistha rahegA taba sAropA mAna sakate haiN| sarvanAma ke prayogasthala meM baddhisthatva ko hI prakAratA mAnA ucita hai| jisa dharma se avacchinna upasthita meM zaktigraha hotA hai, vahI dharma usa pada se janya upasthiti meM prakAra hotA hai yaha sarvamAnya siddhAnta hai| isa prakAra sAdhyavasAnA meM vAhIka kI parovartI padArtharUpeNa upasthiti rahatI hai aura sAropA meM vAhIka kI vAhIkatvena upasthiti rahatI hai| isa taraha tadAdi pada meM tattatprakAroM ke ananta hone ke kAraNa vizeSa karake kisI kI upasthiti hI nahIM ho sakatI; isalie tattadavacchinnatayA upasthiti meM zakti nahIM mAnI jA sakatI; kyoMki vaisA mAnane para buddhistha hone ke kAraNa anekoM kI upasthiti hone se anubhava meM virodha A jaaygaa| eka bAta aura, yadi zakyatAvacchedaka ke rUpa meM bhAsita hone vAle vizeSaNoM kA buddhistha padArtha ko anavodaka mAne to zakyatAvacchedaka kI anantatA ke kAraNa ananta zavita kI kalpanA karanI hogI, jisameM gaurava hogaa| zakyArthoM kA avacchedaka yadi buddhistha padArtha ko mAnate haiM to aneka zakti nahIM mAnanI par3atI hai isase lAghava hotA hai| "AyuSatam" "Ayurevedam" yahAM zuddhA sAropA aura zuddhA sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA meM ghRta ko AyurvardhanakArya kA amogha kAraNa batAnA hI lakSaNA kA prayojana hai / ghRta AyurvardhanakArya kA amogha kAraNa hai; anya kAraNoM kI apekSA yaha vilakSaNa kAraNa hai| isI bAta ko batAte hae likhate haiM 'anya balakSaNyena' ityAdi / paMkti kA artha hai, anya kAraNoM kI apekSA yaha pradhAna kAraNa hai avyabhicarita kAraNa hai aura Ayarvardhana ke lie ghI ko kAraNa banane ke lie kisI anya kAraNa kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| yahI ghI meM anyakAraNa-valakSaNya hai / svarUpayogyatA hI avyabhicAra hai aura vahI phalopadhAyakatA hai| aisA kisI kA mata hai| kAryakAraNabhAvAdi meM Adi pada grAhyasambandhoM ko 'kvacit' yahA~ se lekara 'takSA' yahAM taka ke grantha se batAte haiN| kahIM lakSaNA tAdarthya sambandha ko lekara hotI hai jaise indra kI pUjA ke lie banAye gaye sthUNa ko 'indra' kahate haiN| yajJa meM indra devatA kI pUjA ke lie Aropita sthUNa bhI indra kahalAtA hai| vRtti meM 'indrArthI'

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kAvyaprakAza bhAvAt / yathA-rAjakIya: puruSo 'rAjA' / kvacidavayavAvayavibhAvAt / yathA-agrahasta ityatrAgramAtre'vayave 'hastaH' / kvacit tAtkAt, yathA atakSA 'tkssaa'| sambandhaprakaTanArthaM na tu lakSaNAkArapradarzanArthaM 'sthUNA indra' ityetAvati ca tatpradarzanasambhavAt / agrahasteti / agrazcAsau hastazcetyarthaH, anyathA hastapade lakSaNAnupapatteH / eSu ca yathAkramamiSTapradatvam alaGghanIyAjJatvaM balAdhikyaM naipuNyAtizayazca prayojanamavagantavyam / atra yadyapi lakSaNAmAtrapradarzanenApi lAkSaNikazabdanirUpaNaM sambhavatyeva tathApi bhedapradarzanaM kAvyabhedopayogitvameSAM pradarzayitum / tathAhiupAdAnalakSaNArthAntarasaGkramitavAcyadhvanyupayoginI, lakSaNalakSaNA cAtyantatiraskRtavAcye' [upayoginI, gauNasAropA rUpakAlAropayoginI, gauNasAdhyavasAnA ca prathamAtizayoktiprayojikA zuddhasAropA (tu ?) caturthAtizayoktilakSikA, zuddhasAdhyavasAnA ca sahakArivyudAsena kAryakAritvarUpasAmarthyAtizayavyaGgayopadarziketi dhyeyam / yaha zabda sambandha prakaTa karane ke liye likhA gayA hai; kintu lakSaNA kA AkAra prakaTa karane ke lie nhiiN| "sthUNA indraH" itanA likhane se hI lakSaNA kA AkAra prakaTa ho jAtA thaa| kahIM sva-svAmibhAvasambandha se upacAra (anya zabda kA anyatra prayoga) hotA hai jaise 'rAjakIya puruSa bhI (rAjA kA vizeSa kRpApAtra manuSya bhI) 'rAjA' kahalAtA hai| kahIM avayavAvayavibhAvasambandha se lakSaNA hotI hai, upacAra hotA hai, 'agrahasta' yahAM hAtha ke kevala agrima bhAga ke lie 'hAtha' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| yahAM agrahasta meM 'agrazcAsau hastazca' isa rUpa meM (karmadhAraya samAsa mAnanA cAhie) yadi "agrahasta' isa akhaNDa zabda ko hastAgravAcaka mAne yA 'hastasya agram' isa vigraha meM samAsa karake agra zabda kA 'AhitAgnyAdi' gaNa meM pATha karake pUrvanipAta mAne yA 'rAjadantAdi gaNa' meM hasta zabda kA pATha mAna kara paranipAta mAneM to yahAM lakSaNA nahIM hogii| isalie karmadhAraya samAsa hI mAnanA caahie| indrArthA sthUNA 'indraH'; rAjakIyaH puruSaH 'rAjA', 'agrahastaH' kvacit tAtkamyat iyathA atakSA 'takSA' ina udAharaNoM meM kramazaH iSTaphaladAtRtva, alaGghanIya AjJAtva, balAdhikya aura naipuNyAdhikyarUpa prayojana jAnanA caahie| yadyapi lakSaNA mAtra ke varNana se lAkSaNika zabda kA nirUpaNa ho hI jAtA thA tathApi lakSaNA ke bheda kAvya ke bhedoM ke jJAna ke lie upayogI haiM yahI dikhAne ke lie yahA~ lakSaNA ke bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gyaa| jaise ki upAdAna lakSaNA 'arthAntara saMkramita vAcya' nAmaka dhvani (jJAna) ke lie upayogI hai tathA lakSaNa-lakSaNA atyanta tiraskRtavAcya dhvani meM upayoginI hai| gauNI sAropA rUpakAGkAra ke lie aura gauNI sAdhyavasAnA prathama atizayokti (rUpakAtizayokti) ke lie Avazyaka hai| zuddhA sAropA to caturtha atizayokti ke jJAna meM sahAyaka hotI hai| zuddha sAdhyavasAnA bhA sahakArI ke binA kAryakAritvarUpa sAmarthyAtizaya vyaGgaya ko prakaTa karatI hai| isalie ina bhedoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai yaha samajhanA caahie| upasaMhAra karate hue batAte haiM ki "lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA" / pUrvokta paMktiyoM meM kAvyaprakAzakArane lakSaNA ke 6 bheda batAye haiN| sarvaprathama lakSaNA ke do bheda haiM-1 zuddhA aura 2 gaunnii| unameM zuddhA ke cAra bheda haiM(ka) upAdAnalakSaNA sAropA zuddhA (kha) upAdAnalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA zuddhA (ga) lakSaNalakSaNA sAropA zuddhA (gha) lakSaNalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA zuddhA / 1. vanAviti shessH|

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dvitIya ullAsa : [ 17 ] lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA // 12 // 65 AdyabhedAbhyAM saha / upasaMharati-lakSaNA teneti / nanu 'svasiddhaya' ityAdinA prabhedacatuSTayamevoktam, ataH kathaM SaDvidhetyata Aha- zrAdyamevAbhyAM saheti / upAdAnalakSaNalakSaNAbhyAM saheti, upAdAnalakSaNAbhyAM saheti bahavaH / vayaM tu - "tatsiddhijAtisArUpyaprazaMsAliGgabhUmibhiH / SaDbhiH sarvatra zabdAnAM gauraNI vRttiH prakalpitA // 1 // " iti pArthasArathimizravacanAt " tatsiddhijAtisArUpyaprazaMsAbhUmiliGgasamavAyA guNAzrayAH" iti gauNI ke do bheda mAne gae haiM - ( ka ) gauNI sAropA (kha) gauNI saadhyvsaanaa| zuddhA aura gauNI donoM ke bhedoM ko milAne se lakSaNA ke 6 bheda siddha hote haiN| isI bAta ko isa prakaraNa ke upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM dikhAte hue likhate haiM- 'lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA" isalie lakSaNA 6 prakAra kI hotI hai / svasiddhaye ityAdi kArikA ke dvArA cAra prabheda hI batAye gaye haiM / isalie vaha 6 prakAra kI kisa taraha ho gayI, isa bAta ko batAte hue likhate haiM ki "AdyabhedAbhyAM saha" arthAt upAdAna - lakSaNA aura lakSaNa - lakSaNA ina do bhedoM ke sAtha pUrvabhedoM ko milAne se lakSaNA 6 prakAra kI ho jAtI hai / yaha bahutoM kA mata hai / TIkAkAra kA mata - hama to "AdyabhedAbhyAM saha" isakA tAtparya isa prakAra mAnate haiM ki 'yaha adhUrA vAkya isa eka bhrama ko dUra karane ke lie likhA hai ; pArthasArathi mizra ne gauNI vRtti ke 6 bheda mAne haiM / unakA vacana hai ki-- tatsiddhi-jAti- sArUpya prazaMsA-liGga-bhUmibhiH SaDbhiH sarvatra zabdAnAM gauNI vRttiH prakalpitA / / arthAt tatsiddhi, jAti, sArUpya, prazaMsA, liGga aura mUla rUpa 6 sambandhoM ke kAraNa honevAlI zabdoM kI vRtti ko gauNI kahate haiM / jaise "yajamAnaH prastaraH" yahA~ prastara se hI yajamAna ke kAryoM kI siddhi ke kAraNa prastara meM lakSaNA hai / 'jAti' kA artha yahA~ 'jananena yA prApyate sA jAtiH haiN| isakA udAharaNa hai 'agniveM brAhmaNa: / ' yahA~ brahmamukharUpa eka kAraNa se utpannAtmaka jAtirUpa sambandha se lakSaNA huI hai| "Adatyo vai yUpaH " yahAM yUpa ko Aditya svarUpa mAnakara lakSaNA kI gaI hai / "apazavo vAnye go azvebhyaH pazavo go'zvAH" yahA~ go aura azva ko prazasta pazu kahA hai / isalie yahA~ prazaMsAzraya lakSaNA hai| bhUmasamavAya kA udAharaNa hai 'sRSTIrupadadhAti' aura 'prANabhRta upadadhAti / jahA~ adhika prANI aura kucha aprANI hoM, vahA~ prANiyoM ke bAhulya ko dekhakara kahate haiM "prANAbhUta upadadhAti" / chatrarUpa liGga (cihna) se yukta kucha aura kucha vinA chatte ke samudAya ko jo 'chatriNo yAnti" kahate haiM isakA kAraNa liGga samavAya hai /

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66 kAvyaprakAzaH sA ca jaiminIyasUtrAcca mImAMsakamatasiddhaM gauNyAmeva SaDvidhatvaM mA prasAGkSIditi vyAcaSTe - AdyabhedAbhyAM sahe 'ti tathA ca zuddhagauNarUpasakalalakSaNAmAdAya SaDvidhatvam / nanu gauNImAtre tatsiddhisArUpyayoryajamAnaH prastaraH, Adityo vai yUpa' ityanayoreva, gauNasAropAyA 'agni vai brAhmaNa' ityasya brahmamukharUpaikakAraNotpannatvAtmakajAti rUpasambandhAcchuddhasAropAyAm 'apazavo vA'nye go azvebhyaH pazavo go'zvA' ityasya gavAzvaM prazastamanye'prazastA ityarthakatayA'rthAntarasaGkramitavAcyarUpopAdAnalakSaNAyAM, 'sRSTIrupadadhAti prANabhRta upadadhAti' iti bhUmaliGgasamavAyayoH 'chatriNo yAntItivadupAdAnalakSaNAyAmevAntarbhAvAt, yadyapi gauNIpadena lakSaNAmeva te vadanti, tathApyuktaprakAreNa vibhAgo'nupapannaH, tathAhi - tatsiddhisArUpyayorekatvAd ekakAraNakatvarUpa jAterbhedakatve ekakAryakatvAderapi tathAtvApatteH / ata eva sambandhabhedamAtreNa bhedAbhAvAnna gauNIlakSaNayoratra bhedenopAdAnam, apazavo vetyatra prAzastyarUpalakSyatAvacchedakabhedamAtreNa bhedasvIkAre 'gaGgAyAM ghoSo' 'yamunAyAM ghoSa' isI taraha kA eka jaiminIya sUtra hai - " tatsiddhi jAti- sArUpya prazaMsA-liGgasamavAyA guNAzrayAH / " Azaya isakA yaha hai ki - tatsiddha, jAti, sArUpya, prazaMsA, liGga aura samavAyarUpa sambandha ke kAraNa zabda gauNa artha ko batAtA hai / udAharaNa - ( 1 ) tatsiddhi yajamAnaH prastaraH (2) sArUpya - Adityo vai yUpaH / (3) jAtiH - agni brAhmaNa: ( 4 ) prazaMsA - apazavo vAnye go azvebhyaH pazavo go'zvAH (5) bhUmaMsamavAyasRSTIrupadadhAti ( 6 ) liGgasamavAya-- chatriNo yAnti / isa taraha mImAMsaka ke matAnusAra gauNI ke hI 6 bheda na samajha liye jAyaM, isalie kArikA kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA gayA hai "AdyabhedAbhyAM saha " / isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki zuddha aura gauNIrUpa sakala lakSaNA ko lekara 6 bheda batAye gae haiN| kevala gauNI ke mImAMsaka-matasiddha 6 bhedoM kI carcA yahA~ nahIM hai / prazna uThAte hue likhate haiM ki tatsiddhi aura sArUpya ke udAharaNa 'yajamAnaH prastaraH' "Adityo vai grupa :" ina donoM kA hI gauNImAtra meM antarbhAva ho sakatA hai, gauNI sAropA ke diye gae udAharaNa 'agniva brAhmaNaH' isakA brahma-mukharUpa eka kAraNa se utpannatvAtmaka jAtirUpa sambandha ke kAraNa zuddha sAropA meM antarbhAva ho sakatA hai| 'apazavo vAnye go azvebhyaH, pazavo go'zvA:' isakA go aura azva prazasta haiM aura unase anya aprazasta haiM, yaha tAtparya hone ke kAraNa arthAntarasaMkramitavAcyarUpa upAdAna lakSaNA meM antarbhAva ho sakatA hai: bhUmaM aura liGga samavAya ke udAharaNa 'sRSTIrupadadhAti' 'prANabhRta upadadhAti' kA 'chatriNo yAnti' kI taraha upAdAna lakSaNA meM hI antarbhAva ho jaaegaa| isa taraha gauNIvRtti kA pUrvokta kArikA meM nirUpaNa karanA aura usakA 6 bheda karanA vyarthaM hai / yadi Apa yaha kaheM ki kArikA meM gauNIpada se lakSaNA hI liyA gayA hai gauNI ko atirikta nahIM mAnA gayA hai to pUrvokta prakAra se vibhAga karanA galata hI dikhAI par3atA hai| kyoMki tatsiddhi aura sArUpya donoM eka hI haiM / inako paraspara bhinna pramANita karane ke lie yadi ekakAraNakatvarUpa jAti ko bhedaka mAneMge to tulyanyAya se ekakAryatvAdirUpa jAti ko bhI bhedaka mAnanA par3egA / sambandhabheda mAtra se bheda nahIM mAnane ke kAraNa gauNI aura lakSaNA meM yahA~ bheda nahIM mAnA gayA hai / " apazavo vAnye isa ( pUrvokta vAkya ) meM prAzastyarUpa lakSyatAvacchedaka ke bhedamAtra se bheda svIkAra karane para 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' 'yamunAyAM ghoSa:' ityAdi gaGgAtIratva aura yamunA tIratva meM bheda ke kAraNa lakSaNA meM bheda

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dvitIya ullAsa: . 67 ityAdAvapi gaGgAtIratvayamunAtIratvayorbhedAllakSaNAbhedaprasaGgaH, bhUmaliGgasamavAyayo do'nupapanna eva nahi 'chatriNo yAnto'tyAdau chatribAhulyAbAhulyAbhyAM lakSaNAbhedaM kazcidabhyupaitIti bhAva iti yuktmutpshyaamH| nanu govAhIkaviSaye 'gAva ete samAnIyantAM' 'gAvaH samAnIyantA'miti gauNyAmapyupAdAna(lakSaNa). lakSaNayorudAharaNasattvAt kathaM tatra dvAveva bhedAviti ced ? atra caNDIdAsaH SaDbhirupAdhibhiH rUDhiprayojanopAdAnalakSaNAropasAdhyavasAnatvarUpaiH kalpitA vidhAH prakArA yasyAH sA SaDvidhetyartha ityAha / tatra pradIpakRtaH zuddhaiva sAropA'nyA tvityeva-tuzabdayorevamasaGgatyApattiH / kiJca zuddhAtvagauNItvamAdAyASTa mAnanA pdd'egaa| bhUma aura liGgasamavAya meM bheda mAnanA yukti hI nahIM hai donoM meM bAhulya aura abAhulya kA hI bheda hai / parantu 'chatriNo yAnti' meM chatrI ke bAhulya yA abAhulya ke kAraNa lakSaNA meM bheda koI nahIM maantaa| yaha bhAva "AdyabhedAbhyAM saha" kA hai| yaha mujhe ucita pratIta hotA hai| .6 se adhika bhedoM kI sambhAvanA prakaTa karake "lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA" isa paMkti kI saMgati biThAne ke lie vividha mata-matAntara dete hue prazna uThAte haiM ki 'gorvAhIkaH' yahAM vAhIka ko lakSya karake 'gAva ete samAnIyantAm" ina bailoM ko lAiye, yahA~ sarvanAma etat zabda ke rUpa 'ete' ke dvArA vAhIka ke upAdAna ho jAne se gauNI meM bhI AdAna-lakSaNA ho sakatI hai / isI taraha "gAvaH samAnIyantAm" yahAM "gAvaH" hI vAhIka kA upalakSaNa hai isaliye gauNI meM lakSaNa-lakSaNA bhI ho sakatI hai, phira gauNI-lakSaNA ke pUrvokta do hI bheda kyoM mAne gaye ? - isa prazna ke uttara meM caNDIdAsa ne kahA hai ki (gauNI ke) ye bheda to hoMge hI, rahI "lakSaNA tena SaDavidhA" isa vAkya kI saMgati / vaha isa prakAra hai-isa vAkya kA artha lakSaNA ke 6 se adhika bheda kA niSedha nahIM hai yA na yaha hai ki lakSaNA ke 6 bheda haiM yaha paMkti to lakSaNA kI 6 upAdhiyAM haiM, itanA mAtra batAtI hai / isa taraha caNDIdAsa ke vicAra meM rUDhi-prayojana-upAdAna-lakSaNa-Aropa-sAdhyasAnatvarUpa upAdhiyoM se 6 vidha hone ke kAraNa likhA gayA hai "lakSaNA tena ssddvidhaa"| caNDIdAsa ke isa mata kA khaNDana karate hae pradIpakAra ne kahA hai ki-'yadi caNDIdAsa kA mata mAne aura gauNI ke bhI upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA bheda svIkAra kareM to zuddhava'sA dvidhA"yahA~ 'eva' zabda ke dvArA upAdAnalakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA ko kevala zuddhA kA prakAra batAnA asaMgata ho jAyegA; itanA hI nahIM, "sAropA''nyA" yahAM 'tu'zabda kA prayoga bhI vyartha ho jaayegaa|' pradIpakAra ke vicAra meM anyA'kA artha hai gauNI; kyoMki pahale zuddhA kA varNana A gayA hai isalie anyA kA tAtparya usase (zuddhA se) anya lenA hI ucita hai / isa taraha unake vicAra meM 'tu' kA tAtparya huA ki gauNI Aropa aura adhyavasAna ke kAraNa do prakAra kI hogii| upAdAna aura lakSaNa ke kAraNa usake bheda nahIM hoNge| draSTavya mUla kArikAeM 1. svasiddhaye parAkSepaH parArtha svasamarpaNam / upAdAnaM lakSaNaJcetyuktA zuddhava sA dvidhA / (sU0 10) 2. sAropA'nyA tu yatroktau viSayI viSayastathA (sU 14)

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18 kAvyaprakAzaH vidhatvasyApyApattiH api ca svasAdRzyasya svAvRttitvena tatropAdAnAdyasambhavaH sambandhAntareNa gaunntvaayogaaditi| atra vadanti; kAvyavidAM mate svasAdRzyamapi svasmin vartata eva, kathamanyathA 'gaganaM gaganAkAram' ityAdi "tvanmukhaM tvanmukhenaiva tulyaM nAnyena kenacit' iti ca saGgacchate ? kiJca sAdRzyapadaM sAdhAraNadharmaparaM, na tu bhinnatvAdigarbha, gauravAt / yaduktaM- 'lakSyamANaguNairyogAdi'ti, tAdRzaM ca jaDatvAdikameveti, api caivamupAdAnalakSaNApi dattajalAJjaliH, zakyasambandhasya zakye'sattvAt, na copAdAnalakSaNAyAM zakyasya lakSyatAvacchedakatayA na tatra lakSaNA, lakSyatAvacchedakazakyakatvaM tallakSaNamiti vAcyam, chatriNa ityatra tayAtvAbhAvAt, vAhIkamAtra gAH samAnayeti lakSaNalakSaNAyA duruddharatvAcca / tasmAt SaDvidhetyasya zuddhAtvagauNotvopAdAnatvalakSaNAtvasAropatvasAdhyavasAnatvarUpaSaDvibhAjakopAdhimattvamityevArthoM graahyH| idaM tu vayamatra vilokayAmaH- yugapavRttidvayavirodhAnaGgIkArAd viruddhavibhaktyanavaruddhaprAtipadikArthayorabhedAnvayaniyamasya bahuzo vyabhicArAcca 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyA'vityatre va 'chatriNo yAntI' . itanA hI kyoM? yadi gauNI ke bhI upAdAna-lakSaNA aura lakSaNa-lakSaNA bheda mAneM to zuddhA ke 4 aura goNI ke 4 bheda hone se lakSaNA ke ATha bheda ho jaayeNge| sAdRzya bhedaghaTita hotA hai| ataH apanA sAdRzya apane meM nahIM , rahatA, isalie sAdRzya-sambandha se honevAlI lakSaNA meM upAdAnatA sambhava hI nahIM hai / sambandhAntara se lakSaNA mAnane para vaha gauNI nahIM hogii| isa sambandha meM kucha loga kahate haiM ki kAvyajJoM ke matAnusAra sva-sAdRzya (apanA sAdRzya) bhI svayaM meM " (apane-Apa meM) rahatA hai aisA mAnA gayA hai| yadi apanA sAdRzya apane meM na rahe to "gaganaM gaganAkAram" ityAdi AlaMkArika-prayoga kaise hogA? yahA~ gagana meM gagana kA hI sAdRzya diyA gayA hai| 'sva' meM 'sva' kA sArazya mAnate haiM : 'isalie "tvanmukhaM tvanmukhenaiva tulyaM nAnyena kenacit" yaha prayoga bhI saMgata hotA hai| 'sAhazya' usako nahIM kahA gayA hai jo una padArthoM meM rahe jo Apasa meM bhinna hote hue bahuta se guNoM meM samAna ho; kintu yahA~ sAdRzya pada sAdhAraNa dharmamAtraparaka hai, vaha bhinnatAdidharma se ghaTita nahIM hai / bhedaghaTita lakSaNa karane meM gaurava hotA hai| "lakSyamANaguNaryogAt" arthAt gauNI nAma isalie par3A ki isa lakSaNA meM lakSyamANa guNoM ke sAtha yoga rahatA hai / usa prakAra kA guNa jaDatvAdi hI hai| eka bAta aura, aisA mAnane para upAdAna-lakSaNA kA bhI uccheda ho jAyegA kyoMki upAdAna-lakSaNA meM zakyArtha kA bhI bhAna rahatA hai / aura vahAM zakyasambandha bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kyoMki isa mata ke anusAra zakya kA sambandha zakya meM nahIM raha sktaa| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hogA ki upAdAna-lakSaNA meM zakya ke lakSyatAvacchedaka hone se vahA~ lakSaNA ho jAyegI? kyoMki 'lakSyatAvacchedakazakyakatvaM' yahI upAdAna-lakSaNA kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai / "chatriNo yAnti" yahA~ vaisA nahIM hai| aura vAhIka mAtra ko uddezya karake vAhIka ko lAne ke tAtparya se jahA~ kahA jAyegA "gAH samAnaya" vahAM lakSaNa-lakSaNA mAnane se koI yukti roka nahIM sktii| isalie 'SavidhA" isakA artha yahI mAnanA cAhie ki lakSaNA kI zuddhAtva, gauNItva, upAdAnatva, lakSaNAtva, sAropAtva aura sAdhyavasAnatvarUpa 6 vibhAjaka upAdhiyA~ haiN| maiM to yahA~ aisA samajha rahA hU~ ki ekasAtha do vRttiyoM kI upasthiti ko viruddha nahIM mAnA gayA hai aura viruddha vibhaktiyoM se anavaruddha do prAtipadikArthoM meM abhedavAle niyama kA aneka sthAnoM para vyabhicAra dekhA gayA hai isa

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dvitIya ullAsa : EE tyatrApi zaktyA chatrasya jahatsvArthayA chatrAbhAvasya, 'kAkebhya' ityatra kAkasya zaktyA biDAlAdInAM ca jahatsvArthayA, 'kuntA' ityatra kuntatvena rUpeNa jahatsvArthayaiva kuntarasyopasthitirastu kRta majahatsvArthayA, zakyasambandhasya zakye'sattvena tadaMze lakSaNAyA abhAvAt kuntAderlakSyatAvacchedakatvapakSe tatra lakSaNAyA abhAvAcca, 'tvAmasmi vacmItyAdAvarthAntarasaGkramitavAcye' yatkiJcicchakyatAvacchedakarUpazakyasya parityAga eva, anyathA tatra jahadajahatsvArthasya tRtIyaprakArasyApyApatteH, vyaktimAtrazaktipakSe'pyAkAzapadAdaSTadravyAtiriktadravyatvaprakAra [ka] bodhasya lAkSaNikatvavatprakRtabodhasyApi tathAtvAt / evaM sAropasAdhyavasAne api na bhinne AropaviSayavAcakapadopAdAnAnupAdAnayoH kriyApadAdyupAdAnAderiva bhedAprayojakatvAd gauNyapi na zuddhAto bhinnA sambandhabhedena lakSaNAbhede saGkSepeNa samavAyakAryakAraNabhAvAt tAdAtmyAdInAmapi bhedena lakSaNAbhedaprasaGgAt; tasmAt sarvatra jahatsvArthaikarUpaiva lakSaNA, saiva ca kvacid vizeSyasya kvacida vizeSaNasya kvacidubhayoH parityAgAt trividheti na SaDbhedeti dik / lie aura 'gaGgAyAM ghoSamatsyo' meM jaise zakti se pravAha kI aura lakSaNA se tIra kI upasthiti hotI hai, usI taraha 'chatriNo yAnti' yahA~ bhI zakti se chatra kI aura jahatsvArthA lakSaNA se chatrAbhAva kI upasthiti ho jAyegI, aura 'arat dadhi rakSyatAm' meM kAka kI zakti se aura biDAlAdi kI jahatsvArthA se upasthiti sambhava hai, tathA 'kuntA: pravizanti' yahAM kuntatvena rUpeNa jahatsvArthA lakSaNA se hI kuntadhara kI upasthiti ho hI jAyegI / isa taraha 'ajahatsvArthA lakSaNA' mAnanA vyartha hai / ajahatsvArthI ko lakSaNA mAnanA sambhava bhI nahIM hai; kyoMki zakyasambandha lakSaNA kA lakSaNa hai; bheda na hone se zakya kA sambandha zakya meM nahIM ho sakane ke kAraNa usa aMza meM arthAt ajahatsvArthA yA upAdAna lakSaNA ke udAharaNoM meM bhAsita honevAle zakya aMza meM lakSaNA mAnI hI nahIM jA sakatI / 'vAmasmi vacmi viduSAm' ityAdi arthAntara-saMGkramitavAcya nAmaka dhvani meM yatkiJcit zakyatAvacchedarUpa zakya artha kA parityAga hI iSTa hai, anyathA vahIM lakSaNA kA jahadajahatsvArthA nAmaka tRtIya bheda bhI mAnanA hogA / vyakti mAtra meM zakti mAnane ke pakSa meM bhI AkAza pada se honevAle pRthvI, jala Adi aSTa dravyAtiriktadravyakAraka bodha ko jaise lAkSaNika mAnate haiM vaise isa bodha ko bhI lAkSaNika mAnA jA sakatA hai | isa taraha sAropA aura sAdhyavasAnA bhI paraspara bhinna nahIM haiM; kyoMki unake bIca AropaviSayavAcaka pada ke upadAna aura anupAdAna kA hI bheda mAnA gayA hai / parantu pada ke upAdAna aura anupAdAna vastu kA paraspara bheda aras nahIM ho sktaa| yadi pada ke upAdAna ko anupAdAna aura bhedaka mAneM to "tvaM gaccha" "ahamAgato'smi " ityAdi vAkyoM se 'gaccha' 'ahamAgataH' ityAdi vAkya bhinna ho jAyeMge / parantu kriyApadAdi ke upAdAna aura anupAdAna ke kAraNa inheM pRthak-pRthak DhaMga ke vAkya prakAroM meM nahIM ginA gayA hai| goNI bhI zuddhA se bhinna nahIM hai, sambandha bheda se lakSaNA meM bheda mAnane para samavAya aura kAryakAraNa bhAva sambandha bheda ke kAraNa tAdAtmya Adi sambandha meM bhI bheda ho sakatA hai isa taraha anAvazyaka aneka lakSaNA bheda mAnane pdd'eNge| isalie jahadajahatsvArthA nAmaka eka hI lakSaNA mAnanI cAhie aura vahI kahIM vizeSya, kahIM vizeSaNa aura kahIM donoM ke parityAga ke kAraNa tIna prakAra kI hogI; 6 prakAra kI nhiiN| yaha spaSTa hai / 1. dhvanAviti zeSaH /

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100 kAvyaprakAzaH [sU 18] vyaGgyena rahitA rUDhau sahitA tu prayojane / prayojanaM hi vyajanavyApAragamyameva / prabhedAntaramAha-'sA cetIti bahavaH / nanu zuddhAtvAdyupAdhibhilakSaNAyAH SaDvidhatvopavarNanamayuktaM, nirUDhatvaprayojanavattvamAdAyASTavidhatvasyApi sambhavAdityata Aha 'sA ceti lakSaNetyarthaH, tathA ca nirUDhA prayojanavatI ceti prathamato lakSaNAyA vibhAgastataH prayojanavatyAH zuddhatvAdyupAdhibhiH SoDhA vibhAga iti vibhaktavibhAgo'yamiti nAnupapattiH, 'lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA' ityatra lakSaNApadaM prayojanavallakSaNAparamiti bhAva iti mama pratibhAti, nirUDhalakSaNAmAha-vyaGgaya ne] ti| . tathA ca vyaGgayopasthityaprayojakalakSaNAtvaM nirUDhatvamiti bhAvaH / prayojanavatyA lakSaNamAha-sahitA tviti / (vRtti meM) anya bheda batAte hue likhate haiM :-"sA ca" / artha hai. vaha lakSaNA rUDhimUlaka bhedo meM vyaGgaya se rahita hotI hai tathA prayojanamUlaka bhedoM meM vyaGgaya sahita hotI hai (sU0 18) aisA bahuta se vidvAn likhate haiN| zuddhAtvAdi upAdhi ke kAraNa lakSaNA ko 6 prakAra kA mAnanA asaMgata pratIta hotA hai nirUDhatva aura prayojanavattvarUpa dharma ke kAraNa pUrvokta zuddhA ke cAra bhedoM meM pratyeka ke do-do bheda hone se usake ATha bheda bhI ho sakate haiM / jaise :- 1. rUDhimUlaka upAdAnalakSaNA sAropA zuddhA, 2. rUDhimUlaka lakSaNalakSaNA sAropA zuddhA, 3. rUDhimUlaka upAdAnalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA zuddhA, 4. rUDhimUlaka lakSaNalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA zuddhA, 5. prayojanavatIupAdAna lakSaNA sAropA zuddhA, 6. prayojanavatI lakSaNalakSaNA sAropA zuddhA, 7. prayojanavatI upAdAnalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA zuddhA aura 8. prayojanavatI lakSaNalakSaNA sAdhyavasAnA shuddhaa| isIlie vRtti meM kahate haiM - "saac"| isakA artha hai lakSaNA / isa taraha nirUDhA aura prayojanavatI bheda se prathamataH lakSaNA ke do vibhAga kiye gaye haiM aura usake bAda prayojanavatI ke zuddhAdi upAdhiyoM se 6 vibhAga kiye gaye haiM isa taraha yaha vibhAga vibhakta kA (prayojanavatI nAmaka lakSaNA ke eka vibhAga kA) hai| isalie mUla grantha meM koI asaMgati nahIM hai| isa taraha "lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA" isa paMkti meM lakSaNA pada prayojanavatI lakSaNA (mAtra) kA bodhaka hai aisA mAnanA mujhe ucita pratIta hotA hai| . nirUDhA lakSaNA kA lakSaNa batAte haiM :- "vyaGgyena" (sU018) (isa sUtra kA artha pahale diyA gayA hai|) isake AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki jo lakSaNA vyaGgadha kI upasthiti nahIM karAtI hai ; vaha 'nirUDhA lakSaNA' kahalAtI hai| vyaGgaya kI upasthiti kI aprayojaka lakSaNA ko nirUDhA lakSaNA kahate haiN| 'prayojanavatI lakSaNA' kA lakSaNa batAte haiM sahitA tu pryojne'| isa taraha vyaGgaya kI upasthiti karAnevAlI lakSaNA ko prayojanavatI lakSaNA .. kahate haiN| "vyaGgayopasthitiprayojakalakSaNAyAM prayojanavatyAH lakSaNam" / prayojanavatI lakSaNA meM vyaGgaya kA niyama kaise sambhava hai ? yaha batAne ke lie kahate haiM-'prayojanaM hi vyaJjanAvyApAragamyameva / ' kyoMki 'prayojana vyaJjanA-vyApAra se hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha prayojana aura vyaGgaya donoM ekArthaka hai| ataH svAbhAvika hai ki prayojanavatI lakSaNA vyaGgaya avazya rhe| ataH isa lakSaNA meM

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dvitIya ullAsaH [sU 19] tacca gUDhamagUDhaM vA - tacceti vyaGgyam / tathA ca vyaGgayopasthitiprayojakalakSaNAtvaM 'tallakSaNamiti bhaavH| nanu prayojanavatyAM kathaM vyaGgayaniyama ? ityata Aha-'prayojanaM hI ti, tathA ca prayojanavyaGgayayorekArthatvAt tattvamityarthaH / vayaM tu-nanu vyaGgayopasthitijanakatvameva kuto na prayojanavatIlakSaNamityata Aha prayojana hoti, na lakSaNAgamyamityevakArArthaH, tathA sati janakatvagarbhalakSaNe'sambhava iti bhAva vyaGgaya niyatavRttitA hone se vyaGgaya niyama akSuNNa hai / isa prakAra se pUrvokta grantha kI vyAkhyA anya TIkAkAroM ne kI hai| maiM to isa sandarbha kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra karatA hUM "vyaGgayopasthitijanakatvam" vyaGgaya kI upasthiti karAnA hI prayojanavatI kA lakSaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA? isalie kahate haiM-'prayojanaM hi' ityAdi / arthAt prayojana vyaJjanA-vyApAragamya hai; vaha lakSaNAgamya nahIM hai| isa rUpa meM prayojana ko lakSaNA-gamya hone ke niSedha ke lie vatti meM 'eva' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha prayojanavatI lakSaNA kA yadi pUrvokta "vyaGgayopasthitijanakatvam" yaha janakatva-ghaTita lakSaNa kareM to asambhava doSa hogaa| kyoMki lakSaNA se vahAM vyaGgaca kI upasthiti nahIM hotI hai| isalie lakSaNA ko vyaGgayopasthitijanaka nahIM kahA jA sktaa| . vyaGgaya ke gUDha aura agUDha hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta 6 bhedoM ke dugune ho jAne ke kAraNa prayojanavatI lakSaNA 12 prakAra kI hotI hai jaisA ki sUtra 18 'tacca gUDhamagUDhaM vA" meM batAyA gayA hai| artha hai ki vaha vyaGgaya (prayojana) kahIM gUDha (sahRdayamAtragamya) aura kahIM agUDha (spaSTa, ata eva sarvajanabodhya) hotA hai| kArikA meM tat sarvanAma pUrvaprayukta vyaGgaya kA parAmarthaka hai yaha batAte hue vRtti meM likhate haiM-"tacceti vynggym"| ____ kArikA meM 'vA' zabda cakArArthaka hai| cakAra kA jo artha hotA hai vahI artha yahA~ 'vA' zabda kA hai| isIlie Upara hindI artha dete samaya usakA 'aura' artha kiyA gayA hai| sahRdayamAtra-saMvedya ko gaDha kahate haiM aura agUDha vyaGgaya vaha hai jo sahRdaya tathA asahRdaya donoM se gamya ho / 'sahRdaya' zabda meM hRdaya kA artha hai prtibhaa| isa taraha sahRdaya vaha hai jo pratibhAvAna ho| 'hRdayena pratibhayA sahitaH sahRdayaH' isa vyutpatti se vahI artha prakaTa hotA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna utpanna hotA hai ki gUDha pada se madhyama kAvya ke caturtha bheda (sU066) kA, jise paJcama ullAsa (sU066) meM asphuTa (gUDhavyaGgaya) nAma diyA gayA hai aura agUDha pada se madhyama kAvya ke parigaNita ATha bhedoM meM prathama bheda kA; jise ki sU066 meM agUDha hI nAma diyA gayA hai, saMgraha hone para bhI uttama kAvya ke bhedoM kA saMgraha ina donoM bhedoM meM nahIM ho skegaa| isa taraha uttama-kAvya ke sAre bhedoM ko asahRdayavedya mAnanA par3egA, kyoMki uttama kAvya ke sAre prabheda gUDha nahIM kahalAne ke kAraNa sahRdayamAtravedya nahIM kahalA sakate aura agUDha ke antargata nahIM Ane ke kAraNa unheM sahRdayAsahRdaya ubhayavedya bhI nahIM kaha sakate isa taraha parizeSAt unheM asahRdayamAtravedya mAnanA pdd'egaa| isa taraha uttama kAvya ko asahRdayavedyatva kI koTi meM AnA anubhava. viruddha aura zAstraviruddha hone ke kAraNa bar3A doSa hogA? isa doSa ko iSTApatti mAnakara svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ; kyoMki "vaktRboddhavyakAkUnAm (sU0 37) ke dvArA uttama kAvya ke prabhedoM meM pratIta hone vAle vyaGgaya ko 1. prayojanavatI

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102 kAvyaprakAza gUDhaM yathA mukhaM vikasitasmitaM vazitavakrimaprekSitaM, samucchalitavibhramA gatirapAstasaMsthA matiH / iti vyAcakSmahe / vyaGgayasya gUDhAgUDhatvena pUrvoktaSaDbhedAnAM dvaiguNyAt prayojanavatI dvAdazavidhetyAha tacceti, vA zabdazcakArArtho, gUDhatvaM sahRdayamAtravedyatvam, agUDhatvaM sahRdayAsahRdayavedyatvaM, hRdayaM ca prtibhaa| nanu gUDhapadena madhyamakAvyacaturthabhedasyAgUDhapadena ca prathamatabhedasya saGgrahe'pi nottamaprabhedasaGgrahaH asahRdayavedyatvApatteH, na ceSTApattiH, 'vaktRboddhavyakAkUnA' mityAdinA tatrApi pratibhAvedyatvoktivirodhAditi ced ? na / gUDhapadenaiva tatsaGgrahAt / ata eva 'kAminIkucakalazavat' gUDhaM camatkarotIti paJcame [ullAse] vakSyati, na caivaM madhyamakAvyacaturthabhedAsaGgrahaH, sphuTAsphuTabhedena gUDhasya dvirUpatayA prathamasya dhvanAvantyasya madhyame sattvAditi pratibhAti / 'tacceti' cakArasya samuccayAkarthatve tadarthakavAzabdAnapapattirityato vyAcaSTe tacceti, vyaGyamiti / tathA ca, castvartha iti bhAva iti pratibhAti / gUDhaM yatheti / uttamatvaprayojakagUDhaM yathetyarthaH / / mukhaM vikasitasmitamiti / atra vikAsaH puSpadharmaH smite bAdhita iti sAtizayatvaM lakSyam / bhI pratibhAvedya kahA gayA hai| isa taraha pUrvApara granthoM meM paraspara virodha na A jAya isa lie. uttama kAvya ke prabhedoM ke asahRdayavedyatva kI koTi meM Agamana ko doSa hI mAnA jaaygaa| aisA prazna ho sakatA hai; parantu gUDha pada se hI unakA (uttama kAvya prabhedoM kA) saMgraha ho jaaegaa| isI lie Age pAMcave ullAsa meM mammaTa kaheMge ki "kAminIkucakalazavad guDhaM cmtkroti"| isa taraha 'gUDha' meM uttamakAvyagata samasta vyaGgayoM kA saMgraha ho jaaygaa| yahA~ eka prazna yaha hotA hai ki yadi 'gUDha' pada kA tAtparya dhvanikAvya leM taba to madhyama kAvya ke caturtha bheda kA saMgraha nahIM ho pAyegA? isakA uttara yaha hai ki gUDha do prakAra kA hotA hai 1. sphuTa aura 2. asphuTa / unameM prathama kI dhvani meM aura dUsare kI madhyama kAvya meM sattA mAnane se koI doSa nahIM hogaa| (yaha TIkAkAra kA mata hai) "tacca" yahA~ yadi cakAra samuccayArthaka hai to usI artha meM 'vA' zabda kA prayoga ho jaaegaa| isalievyAkhyA karate haiM ki 'tacca' kA artha hai vynggy| isa taraha yahA~ 'ca' tu ke artha meM prayukta huA hai mujhe aisA pratIta hotA hai| "gUDhaM yathA" kA tAtparya hai uttama kAvyatva ke prayojaka gUDha vyaGgaya kA udAharaNa hai "mukhaM vikasitasmitam" / arthAt mukha para muskAna khila rahI hai; tirachApana dRSTi kA dAsa bana gayA hai, cAla meM bhAva-vilAsa chalaka rahe haiM, buddhi ne maryAdA kA ullaGghana kara diyA hai, chAtI stanoM kI kalikA se sampanna hai, jAMghe avayavoM ke bandha se ubhara rahI haiM, ataH yaha atyanta prasannatA kI bAta hai ki candramukhI ke zarIra meM yauvana kA vikAsa khela rahA hai| 4 // yahA~ vikAsa phUla kA dharma hai vaha smita meM bAdhita hai| isalie yahA~ 'smita' kI sAtizayatA vyaGgaca hai| puSpa aura smita donoM ke bIca asaMkucitatva sambandha hai| 'vikasita' vizeSaNa ke kAraNa mukha meM 'sarojasAmya' yA saurabha-vizeSa 'vyaGgaya hai, yaha TIkAkAroM kA mata hai|

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dvitIya ullAsaH uro mukulitastanaM jaghanamaMsabandhoddharaM, batenduvadanAtanau taruNimodgamo modate // 6 // asaGkucitatvaM sambandhaH, mukhe sarojasAmyaM saurabhavizeSo vA vyaGgayaH, dayitamadhuvratocitamadhumadhurAdharamandiratvaM vyaGgayamiti vayam / vazIkaraNaM cetanadharmaH, sa ca prekSite bAdhita iti svAdhInatvaM lakSyate, abhimataviSayapravRttimattvaM sambandhaH yuktAnurAgitvaM vyaGgacaM, bAlyAbhAvena yAdRcchikapravRttivirahAd gurujanasannidhAne'pi nibhRtanijanAyakAnunayanimitta niyuktaparijanatvaM vyaGgayamiti vayam / samucchalanaM mUrtadharmaH, sa ca gatau bAdhita iti bAhalyaM lakSyate, kAryakAraNabhAvaH sambandhaH, yuvajanamanomodakatvaM vyaGgayam, priyatamaprANopari paristhitatvaM vyaGgayamiti vayam / saMsthA-maryAdA, tadapAsanamapi samAnAdhikaraNatvAccetanadharmaH sa yAcetanamatyAdau bAdhita ityadhIratvaM lakSyate, kAryakaraNabhAvaH sambandhaH, premotkarSo vyaGgayaH; dayitamukhAvalokanAvasaravismRtavayasyopadiSTamAninIjaga[jana-mauna-dhAraNAdi] -ceSTitatvaM vyaGgaya miti vayam / mere mata meM jaise madhuvrata (bhramara) ke lie parama priya madhu kA mandira puSpa yA padma hotA hai; usI taraha yaha.mukha priyatama nAyaka ke lie spRhaNIya madhu se madhura adharoM kA mandira hai yahI yahA~ vyaGya hai| "vazitavakrimaprekSitam" kA vyaGgayArtha batAte hue likhate haiM ki-'vazIkaraNa' cetana dharma hai, vaha acetana prekSita (dRSTi)se bAdhita hai / isalie mukhyArthavAgha hone para svAdhInatva lakSyArtha hai / jaise adhIna vyakti,jisake adhIna hotA hai usakA abhimata siddha karane ke lie sadA sannaddha rakhatA hai; usI taraha dRSTi kA bAMkApana usake adhIna rahakara sadA usake abhimata kI siddhi karatA hai isalie mukhyArtha aura lakSyArtha ke bIca abhimataviSayavRttimattva sambandha hai / isase yuktAnurAgitva ( samucita prema yA sambaddha vyakti se prema) vyaGgaya hai| .. mere vicAra meM nAyikA aba bAlA nahIM rahI hai| isalie vaha apanI marjI se idhara-udhara uThakara nahIM jA sktii| vahA~ guptarUpa meM nAyaka AyA huA hai isake anunaya ke lie vaha izAre se netra ke kaTAkSa se nAyaka ke anunaya ke lie gurujana ke saMnidhAna meM kisI parijana ko niyukta karatI hai yaha yahA~ vyaGgaya hai / 'samucchalitavibhramA yahA~ samyak uchalanA mUrta kA dharma hai| vaha gati (amUrta) meM bAdhita hai, isalie lakSaNA se 'bAhulya' usakA artha hai / samucchalana aura bAhulya ke bIca kAryakAraNabhAva sambandha hai / isa taraha gati yuvakajana-manomohaka hai yaha vyaGgaya hai| mere vicAra meM yahA~ 'priyatama ke prANa se bar3hakara vaha priya hai' yaha vyaGgaya hai| prANa meM bhI gati hai aura priyatamA ke caraNoM meM bhI, parantu prANa ke parispanda ko usa gati se jIvana prApta hotA hai / isalie priyatama prANopari paristhitatva' yahA~ vyaGgaya haiM / 'apAstasaMsthA' meM saMsthA kA artha hai maryAdA / maryAdA cetana kA dharma hai usakA apAsana (dUrIkaraNa) bhI samAnAdhikaraNasambandha se cetana kA hI dharma hai kyoMki maryAdA kA adhikaraNa cetana hai isalie usakA - dUrIkaraNa bhI vahIM rahegA; jo vastu jahA~ rahatI hai; usake dUrIkaraNa kA AdhAra bhI vahI vastu hotI hai / isalie maryAdA kA dUrIkaraNa acetana mati Adi kA dharma nahIM ho sakatA; isalie bAdhita hai| ata eva yahA~ adhIratva lakSya hai, kAryakAraNabhAva sambandha hai, maryAdA dUrIkaraNa kAraNa hai aura adhIratva kArya / isa taraha premotkarSa yahA~ vyaGgaya hai / aura isI prakAra mere mata ke anusAra yahA~ apane priyatama ke mukha ke avalokana ke avasara para nAyikA apanI sakhI ke dvArA

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104 kAvyaprakAzaH mukulitatvaM puSpadharmaH stane bAdhita iti kAThinyaM lakSyate, (nibiDAvayavatvaM sambandhaH ) kSa ( ? ) samardana janitamArdavAnadhikaraNatvaM vA vyaGgayaM zRGgAreNa hRdayasya dravIbhAvo vyaGgayaH mukulasya jalarUpadravadravyAdhikaraNatvAditi vayam / uddhuratvaM cetanadharmaH sa ca jaghane bAdhita iti sAtizayatvaM lakSyaM, kAryakAraNabhAvaH sambandhaH, ramaNIyatvaM vyaGgayam / zraMsabandhatvAnurodhAt tadyogyatA lakSyA, yauvanayuvarAjaparAjita kAmakArAgAratvaM taruNima mahIpatimRgayopalabdhakAmukamRgavAgurAtvaM vA vyaGgayamiti vayam / modanaM cetanadharmaH sa ca taruNimodgame bAdhita iti aniyantritatvaM lakSyaM, kAryakAraNabhAvaH sambandhaH, yuvajanamanomAdakatvaM vyaGgyaM vadanasyendunA nirUpaNAt taruNimanyudgamopAdAnAt tasya smitAdiratnAkaratvaM vyaGgayamiti vayaM vilokayAmaH / sikhAyI gayI rUThane kI sArI mauna dhAraNAdi ceSTAe~ bhUla gayI, yahI yahA~ 'apAsta saMsthAmati' padase vyaGgaya huA hai| "uro mukulitastanam" meM mukulita honA phUla kA dharma hai yA kaliyoM kA dharma hai / puSpadharmaM yA kalikA kA dharma stana meM anvita nahIM ho sktaa| isalie bAdhita hone se kAThinya artha ko lakSaNA ke dvArA batAtA hai / 'nibiDAvayavatva' yahA~ sambandha hai / ( isase udbhinnatva lakSya aura AliGganayogyatva bhI vyaGgaya ho sakatA hai / ) athavA stana meM mardana (malane) ke kAraNa mArdava AnA cAhie, parantu mardana ke AdhArabhUta stanoM meM mRdutA nahIM AyI, yaha yahA~ vyaGgaya hai / mere vicAra meM "uro mukulitastanam " isa pada se hRdaya kA dravIbhAva vyaGgaya hai / mukula kA AdhAra sadaiva jalarUpa drava ( bahane vAlA) dravya hI hotA hai isalie mukulita stana ke AdhAra " uras" (hRdaya) kA dravIbhAva yaGgaya hotA hai / uddhuratva (utkRSTa dhurAtva) bhI cetana kA dharma hai / vaha jaghana meM anvita hone meM bAdhita hai / isalie usase sAtizayatva lakSya hai, sambandha hai kAryakAraNabhAva aura vyaGgaya hai ramaNIyatva / mere vicAra ke anusAra yahA~ aMsabandha (ratibandha vizeSa yA avayavoM ke dRDhabandha) ke anurodha se ratibandha yA Dhabandha kI yogyatA yahA~ lakSyArtha hai / isalie yahA~ yauvana-yuvarAja parAjita kAma-kArAgAratva yA 'taruNima mahIpati- mRgayopalabdha-kAmukamRga vAgurAtva' vyaGgaya hai / arthAt yaha jaghana yauvanarUpI yuvarAja kA vaha kArAgAra hai jisameM parAjita kAmarUpI kaidI banda hai / athavA yaha jaghana vaha vAgurA ( mRga ko phaMsAne kA jAla ) hai jisameM tAruNyarUpa rAjA zikAra ke samaya upalabdha kAmukarUpI mRgoM ko pha~sAyA karatA hai / "taruNimodgamo modate" meM modana yA Ananda cetana kA dharma hai, vaha acetana tAruNya ke udgama meM anvaya nahIM prApta kara sakatA hai| isalie bAdhita hokara aniyantritatvarUpa lakSyArthaM ko batAtA hai| asIma tAruNya ( yauvana kA uddAma utkarSa ) lakSyArthaM hai / vAcya aura lakSya ke bIca kArya kAraNabhAva sambandha hai / yuvajana ke mana ko masta banAne kI kSamatA yahA~ vyaGgaya hai / mujhe to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yahA~ 'tAruNya ko smitAdi kA ratnAkara (samudra) batAnA abhISTa hai' aura vahI vyaGgaya hai / kyoMki "batenduvadanAtanI" yahA~ mukha ko candra batAyA gayA hai| isalie candra kA udgama sthAna jaise samudra yA ratnAkara mAnA gayA hai usI taraha tAruNya ko yahA~ smitAdiratnoM kA Akara mAnA gayA hai / 1. atra kazcana pAThaH khaNDitaH /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 105 MAM agUDhaM yathA - zrIparicayAjjaDA api bhavantyabhijJA vidagdhacaritAnAm / upadizati kAminInAM yauvanamada eva lalitAni // 10 // anopadizatIti - [sU0 20] tadeSA kathitA tridhA // 13 // avyaGgayA gUDhavyaGgayA agUDhavyaGgayA ca / atropadizatIti zabdenAjJAtajJApanamupadezaH, sa ca made bAdhita iti vizeSeNAjJAtajJApanasAmAnyaM lakSyate, sAmAnyavizeSabhAvaH sambandhaH, naTInAmayatnenaiva zikSAyA ApAdanaM nirvahatIti sphuTataraM vyaGgayaM pratIyata ityarthaH / kAminInAM kAminIbhya ityrthH| yauvanamade vA tadanvayo na tu lAlitya iti bhAvaH / kAminInAmityasya karmatayopasthiteH yauvanamada evetyevakAreNa lAlityabodhakAntaravirahapradarzanAt kAminInAM ca bAlye vArdhakye ca lAlityavirahaH sphuTataro vyaGgaya ityapi bodhyam / * 'prayojanavatyupasaMhArabhramaM vArayati' / avyaGgaya ti, tathA ca eSetyanena lakSaNAmAtramucyate na tu tadvizeSaH prayojanavatIti bhAvaH / agUDha (vyaGgaya) kA udAharaNa jaise- "zrIparicayAjjaDA" arthAt lakSmI kI prApti ho jAne para mUrkha (manuSya) bhI vidagdha ke caritoM ko jAnanevAle ho jAte haiM / ThIka hI hai, yauvanamada hI kAminiyoM ko lalitoM kA upadeza kara detA hai // 10 // ___ yahA~ lalita kA lakSaNa hai "anAcAryopadiSTaM syAllalitaM raticeSTitam" binA AcArya ke sikhalAye raticeSTAoM kA jJAna 'lalita' kahalAtA hai| ___ upadeza ajJAta ke jJApana ko kahate haiN| vaha upadeza mada ke dvArA nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mada-kartRka upadeza sambhava nahIM hai| isalie vizeSa se ajJAtajJApanarUpa sAmAnya lakSita hotA hai| vAcya aura lakSya ke bIca sAmAnya-vizeSabhAva sambandha hai| yuvAvasthA nArI ko binA usake kisI prayAsa ke hI lAlitya kI zikSA prApta karA detI hai| "kAminInAm" ke sthAna meM 'kAminIbhyaH' samajhanA cAhie (sambandha sAmAnya vivakSA meM SaSThI) athavA 'kAminInAm' kA anvaya yauvana-mada meM mAnanA cAhie 'lAlitya' meM nahIM / ___kAminInAm" ise kamarUpa meM upasthita hone ke kAraNa aura 'yauvanamada eva' yahA~ eva zabda se lAlitya (janaka) bodhaka kAraNAntara ke abhAvapradarzana ke dvArA yahAM yaha vyaGgaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai ki 'kAminI meM bur3hApA yA bacapana meM lAlitya nahIM hotA' yaha vyaGgaya sphuTatara hai / isalie yahA~ agUDha vyaGgaya hai| "tadeSA kathitA vidhA" (sU020) isa prakAra yaha lakSaNA vyaGgaya kI dRSTi se tIna prakAra kI kahI jA sakatI hai| isa sUtra meM prayojanavatI lakSaNA kA upasaMhAra huA hai, yaha kisI ko bhrama ho sakatA hai, usakA nivAraNa karate hae likhate haiM- "avyaGgayA" iti / lakSaNA ke ve tIna bheda ye haiM-1-avyaGgayA (rUDhigata lakSaNAvyaGgaya rahitA) 2-gUDha vyaGgayA aura 3-agUDha vyaGgayA /

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. kAvyaprakAzaH [sU0 21] tadbhalAkSaNikaH - zabda iti sambadhyate / tadbhastadAzrayaH / [sU0 22] tatra vyApAro vyaJjanAtmakaH / zakyasambandhasya lakSyavRttitayA tatrAtivyApterAha - zabda itIti smbdhyte| 'syAdvAcako lAkSaNikaH zabdo'tra vyaJjakastridhe'tyato'nuSajyata ityarthaH / lakSaNAjanakatvaM zabde sambandhasya lakSaNAtvapakSe bAdhitamata Aha tavAzraya iti / atra ca yaH zabdo yadarthaviSayalakSaNAzrayaH sa tallAkSaNika iti pratyekameva lakSaNam, anyathA vAcakAdAvativyApteriti bodhyam, vyaJjakazabdalakSaNAya lakSaNAyA anantaroktatvAt tanmUlAmevAdau vyaJjanAM vyavasthApayati tatreti / tatra lAkSaNikazabde vyApAraH prayojanapratipattyanukUla: athavA tatra prayojane vyApAro isa taraha kArikA meM nirdiSTa 'eSA' isa pada se 'lakSaNA' sAmAnya kA grahaNa hogA, 'lakSaNA-vizeSa kA .. -prayojanavatI kA nahIM, yaha isa vRtti kA tAtparya nikalatA hai| isalie sUtra 20 meM varNita bheda lakSaNAsAmAnya ke mAnane cAhie, lakSaNAvizeSa ke nhiiN| zakyasambandha ke lakSyavartI hone ke kAraNa lakSya artha meM lakSaNA ke lakSaNa-'zakyasambandho lakSaNA'-ke . ghaTita hone se lakSaNA ke lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa kI sambhAvanA kA nirAkaraNa karane ke vicAra se likhate haiM'zabda iti sambaddhayate' / arthAt "tadbhUlAkSaNikaH" (sU0 21,)meM 'tat' pada se zabda liyA jAtA hai / isa taraha artha hogA ki usa lakSaNA kA AzrayabhUta zabda lAkSaNika zabda kahalAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sU0 21 meM "syAd vAcako lAkSaNikaH zabdo'tra vyaJjakastridhA" isa dvitIya ullAsa (isI ullAsa) kI prathama kArikA se 'zabda' pada kI anuvRtti 'maNDUkaplutinyAya' se AtI hai| "zakyasambandho lakSaNA" mAnanevAloM ke mata ke anusAra sambandha hI lakSaNA hai| isa pakSa meM zabda lakSaNAjanaka nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha bAdhita hai isalie vRtti meM "tadbhaH" kI vyAkhyA karate haiN-'tdaashryH|' . yahA~ (yaha samajhanA cAhie ki) jo zabda yadarthaviSayaka lakSaNA kA Azraya hai vaha usake prati lAkSaNika hai, isa taraha pratyeka ko lakSaNa mAnanA cAhie / anyathA vAcakAdi meM ativyApti doSa ho jaaygaa| aba vyaJjaka zabda kA lakSaNa karanA hai isake liye Avazyaka hai ki vyaJjakazabda ke vyApAra vyaJjanA ko sthira kiyA jaay| isalie yahA~ lakSaNAmUlA vyaJjanA kI hI sthApanA pahale karate haiN| kyoMki lakSaNAmUlaka vyaMgya kI carcA abhI-abhI kI gayI hai| isalie "upasthitaM parityajya anupasthitakalpane mAnAbhAvaH" isa nyAya se yA prakaraNabala se; lakSaNAmUlA vyaJjanA ko hI sarvaprathama siddha karate haiM :-"tatra vyApAro vynyjnaatmkH"| yahA~ tatra kA artha hai lAkSaNika vyApAra meM / arthAt lAkSaNika zabda meM prayojana kI pratIti karAnevAlA vyApAra vyaJjanA hai, yaha kArikA kA artha hai| athavA 'tatra' kA artha 'prayojane' bhI ho sakatA hai, isa taraha artha hogA ki lAkSaNika zabdaniSTha

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dvitIya ullAsaH 107 kuta ityAha - [sU0 23] yasya pratItimAdhAtu lakSaNA samupAsyate // 14 // phale zabdakagamye'tra vyaJjanAnnAparA kriyaa| prayojanapratipipAdayiSayA yatra lakSaNayA zabdaprayogastatra nAnyatastatpratItirapi tu tasmAdeva zabdAt / na cAtra vyaJjanAdRte'nyo vyApAraH / lAkSaNikazabdaniSTha ityrthH| 'kuta' iti pratijJAmAtreNArthAsiddheriti bhAvaH / 'ityAha', ityata aahetyrthH| 'yasye'tyanenApattipramANadarzanaM yasya zaityapAvanatvAdirUpaprayojanasya pratItimanubhavarUpAm / prAdhAtumutpAdayitum / atra tumunecchocyate tena yat pratipipAdayiSayetyarthaH / ata eva vyAcaSTe . pryojnprtipipaadyissyeti| ayaM bhAvaH-nahi 'gaGgAtIre ghoSa' iti vAcakazabdaprayogaH kartumeva na zakyate vaktA / athavaiprayojana ko pratIta karAnevAlA vyApAra vyaJjanA hai| kyoMki pratijJAmAtra se artha kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai / arthAt zabda se usI artha kI pratIti hotI hai; jisakI upasthiti kisI na kisI vRtti ke dvArA hotI hai| 'vRtti' meM "kuta ityAha" AyA hai vahA~ "kuta ityata Aha" samajhanA cAhie arthAt vyaJjanAvyApAra se usa prayojana kI pratIti kyoM hotI hai ? isIlie kahate haiM (sU0 23) "yasya pratItimAdhAtum" iti| . prayojana kI vAcyatA kA nirAkaraNa ___ vyaJjanA vyApAra hI kyoM hotA hai, yaha kahate haiM "(sU. 23)-jisa (prayojana vizeSa kI) pratIti karAne ke lie (lakSaNA arthAt) lAkSaNika zabda kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai (anumAna Adi se nahIM apitu) kevala zabda se gamya usa phala (prayojana) ke viSaya meM vyaJjanA ke atirikta (zabda kA) aura koI vyApAra nahIM ho .. sakatA hai // 14 12 // arthAta jisa prayojana kI pratIti kI icchA se lAkSaNika zabda kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai yA lakSaNAvRtti kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai vaha prayojana (phala) kevala zabda se hI gamya hai (anumAna Adi se nahIM) isalie usa prayojana ke viSaya meM vyaJjanA ke atirikta (zabda kA) koI anya vyApAra nahIM ho sakatA hai| "yasya" isake dvArA apattipramANa kI ora saGketa kiyA gayA hai / 'yasya' ityAdi kA tAtparya hai jisa zItatvapAvanatvAdirUpa prayojana kI (anubhavarUpa) pratIti kI (AdhAtum utpAdayitum meM tumun meM icchArtha dyotita hotA hai) kI icchA se / arthAt "yatpratipipAdayiSayA" jisake pratipAdana kI icchA se / isIlie kArikA meM likhate haiN-"pryojnprtipipaadyissyaa"| prayojana-vizeSa kA pratipAdana karane kI icchA se jahA~ lakSaNa se (lAkSaNika) zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| vahA~ usa prayojana kI pratIti kisI anya upAya se (anumAnAdi se) nahIM hotI hai kintu usI zabda se hotI hai aura usake bodhana meM zabda kA vyaJjanA ke atirikta aura koI vyApAra nahIM hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki "gaGgAtIre ghoSaH" isa prakAra ke vAcaka zabda kA prayoga "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" isase honevAle zaitya-pAvanatva artha kI pratIti nahIM karA sktaa| isalie koI bhI vaktA lAkSaNika zabda ke sAtha vAcaka

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108 kAvyaprakAza tacchabdAdartha eva na pratIyate, yenAyatte zabdaprayoge lAkSaNikaH zabdaH prayujyate ato'vazya vAcakazabdAbodhyaprayojanapratipipAdayiSayA lakSaNA[s] zrIyatAmiti / nanvanumAnAdeva prayojanAvagamo'stvityata Aha - zabdakagamya iti / zabdasya sambhRtasAmagrIkatvAdanumAnasya vyAptyAdi-pratisandhAnavilambana vilambitatvAnnAnumAnAdigamyaM prayojanam / kiJca tathA sati gaGgAdyartha eva liGgaM sacchetyAdikamanumApayatIti svIkAryam / na ca taTe gaGgAtvaM siddhaM tatpadaprayogaviSayatve ca na vyAptigrAhaka pramANamasti tatkathamasya liGgatA kathaM vA gaGgAdharmasya zaityAdestaTe bAdhAvadhAraNAt sAdhyatA, kathaM vA zaityAdAvekasyAvacchedakasyAbhAvAt sAdhyatAvacchedakaikyam, tAvatAM vizeSaNAnAmekadA'nupasthiterna samUhAlambanAnumitiH, vyaJjanAyAM ca bAdhAderapratibandhakatvAda'tyantAsatyapi hyarthe" iti nyAyAt / vyaGgyatA zabda kA prayoga nahIM kara sakatA / athavA jisase (jisa tAtparya se) prerita hokara zabda prayogakAla meM vaktA lAkSaNika zabda kA prayoga karatA hai, usa zabda se usa tAtparyAthe kI pratIti hI nahIM ho sktii| isalie vAcaka zabda ke dvArA abodhya prayojana kI pratIti kI icchA se lakSaNa kA Azraya lenA caahie| anumAna se hI prayojana kI pratIti ho jAya (phira vyaJjanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jAtI) isa prazna kA samAdhAna dete hue likhate haiM-"zabdakagamye" vaha prayojana zabdakagamya hai| kyoMki zaityapAvanatvAdi kI pratIti zabda ke sunate hI hotI hai / zabda ke dvArA honevAlI pratIti hI itanI zIghratA se ho sakatI hai| kyoMki zabda vaha tattva hai jisameM arthapratIti kI sArI sAmagrI svabhAva se hI vidyamAna hai| parantu anumAna se honevAlI pratIti vilambita hotI hai kyoMki usameM vyAptyAdi ke pratisandhAna kI AvazyakatA hotI hai usa pratisandhAna meM vilamba hotA hai / isalie . siddha hai ki zabdazravaNa ke bAda itanI zIghratA se bhAsita honevAlA zaityAtizaya, zabdagamya hI hai agara vaha anumAnAdigamya hotA to usameM vilamba hotA / ataH spaSTa hai ki prayojanagamya nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi zItatvAdi artha ko anumAnagamya mAneM to usake anumAna meM gaGgAdi artha hI liMga hogA (hetu hogA) / anumAna hogA ki taTa zItatvAdi se yukta hai kyoMki vahA~ gaGgAtva hai (gaGgAtvAt) kintu taTa meM gaGgAtva siddha nahIM hai / "gaGgAyAM matsyAH " yahA~ jahA~ ki gaGgA zabda kA spaSTa prayoga hai; vahA~ zItatvAdi kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki vaisA tAtparya nahIM hai ataH "yatra yatra gaGgAtvaM tatra tatra zItatvAdikama" isa prakAra kI vyApti grAhakapramANa ke binA nizcita karanA asambhava hai| isalie gaGgAdi artha ko zaityAdyanumAna kA hetu nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| zaityAdi dharma ko jo ki gaMgA kA dharma hai, taTa meM bAdha nizcita ho jAne para sAdhya bhI kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? jaise "vahniH anuSNaH dravyatvAt" yaha anumAna nahIM hotA; kyoMki vahni meM uSNatA hone ke kAraNa vahAM anuSNatva sAdhya nahIM bntaa| tIsarI bAta, zaitya-pAvanatvAdi meM koI eka aisA sAmAnya dharma nahIM hai, jo avacchedaka bana sake, parantu vahA~ koI eka dharma nahIM hai isalie vahA~ sAdhyatAvacchadakakya kahA~ ? cauthI bAta, jitane vizeSaNa zItatva-pAvanatvAdi yahA~ atizaya (vizeSya) ke haiM, una sabhI kI eka sAtha upasthiti nahIM ho sktii| isalie samUhAlambanAtmaka (anumAna meM kaI vastuoM ke samUha kA bhAsita honA) anumiti bhI nahIM ho sktii| vyaJjanA meM to ye saba doSa nahIM mAne jAte haiM / vahA~ bAdhAdi pratibandhaka nahIM mAne gaye haiM, yahA~ 1. atyantAsatyapi hyarthe jJAnaM zabda: karoti hi / iti sampUrNo nyAyaH /

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dvitIya ullAsa: tathAhi - __] sU0 24] nAmidhA samayAbhAvAt - vacchedakAnupasthitAvapi 'pAnakarasanyAyena' vyaGgyabodhakatvAcca na kA'pyanupapattiH / kiJca vyAptyAdipratisandhAnasyAniyatatvAd zaityAdibodhasya ca niyatatvAnnAnumityA vyaJjanAnyathAsiddhiriti bhAvaH / kriyApadArthamAha-pranyo vyApAra iti / nanu tatrAbhidhAdireva kalpito vyApAro'stu kiM vyaJjanayetyata aahnaabhidheti| hetusAdhyayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAdabhedAccAnumityanupapattirato vyAcaSTe suta, taka ki "atyantAsatyapi hyarthe jJAnaM zabdaH karoti ca" jo vastu yA artha yA padArtha saMsAra meM hai hI nahIM, jaise bandhyA kA AkAzapuSpa, kUrmakSIra tathA zazazRga unakA bhI bodha vandhyAsutAdi zabda karAtA hai / isalie vyaJjanA se zItatvAdi atizaya kA bodha ho jAtA hai| samasta vyaGgayoM kI eka sAtha upasthiti na hone para bhI, vyaGgyatAvacchedaka kI upasthiti ke abhAva meM bhI vyaJjanA samasta vyaGgaya kA bodha pAnakarasanyAya se karA detI hai| isalie vyaJjanA mAnane para kisI prakAra kA doSa zeSa nahIM raha jaataa| ilAyacI, kAlI mirca, zakkara, Ama Adi vastuoM ko milAkara taiyAra kiyA gayA zarbata jaise milAjulA AsvAda detA hai usI taraha vyaJjanA bhii| yahI pAnakarasanyAya meM yahA~ siddha kiyA gayA hai| saba se bar3I bAta yaha ki vyApti Adi ke pratisandhAna kI eka sImA niyata kI huI hai| jaise jisa deza meM vyApya rahe usI deza meM vyApaka kA anumAna kiyA jAya aura vyApya aura vyApaka yadi samAna kAla meM hai tabhI anumAna hotA hai| zaityAdi bodha (maryAdita) nahIM haiN| isalie anumiti se vyaJjanA kA kArya gatArtha nahIM ho sktaa| anumAna se vyaJjanA kI anyathAsiddhi nahIM ho sktii| "na cAtra vyaJjanAhate'nyo vyApAraH" zabdakagamya phala ke bodhana meM zabda kA vyaJjanA se atirikta aura koI vyApAra nahIM hotA hai / "anyo vyApAra iti"| yadi yaha kaheM ki prayojana (phala)kI pratIti ke lie svIkRta (kalpita) abhidhAdi vyApAroM meM se hI kisI vyApAra ke mAnane se kAma cala AyagA to yaha galata hogA, yaha dikhAne ke lie sU0 24 meM likhate haiM-"nAbhidhA smyaabhaavaat"| saMketagraha na hone se abhidhAvRtti prayojana kI bodhikA nahIM ho sktii| . 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' ityAdi sthaloM meM jo pAvanatvAdi dharma taTAdi meM pratIta hote haiM unameM gaGgA Adi zabdoM kA saMketagraha nahIM hai / ataH abhidhA se usakA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| hetu aura sAdhya donoM kA adhikaraNa eka nahIM hai isalie, tathA donoM abhinna haiM isalie bhI yahA~ anumiti nahIM ho sktii| isI bAta ko spaSTa karane ke lie sUtra 24 kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" rupal

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110 kAvyaprakAza 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa' ityAdau ye pAvanatvAdayo dharmAstaTAdau pratIyante na tatra gaGgAdizabdAH saGa ketitaaH| [sU0 25] hetvabhAvAnna lakSaNA // 15 // mukhyArthabAdhAditrayaM hetuH / gaGgAyA-mityAdi, tathA ca pAvanatvAdiprayojanaM na gaGgApadAbhidhApratipAdyaM gaGgApadabhinna pada] saGketaviSayatvAdityevamanumAnamiti bhAvaH / hetvAbhAvAditi / atrApi pAvanatvAdikaM na gaGgApadaniSThalakSaNApratipAdyaM prakRtapadalakSaNAjanyajJAnasAmagrIrahitatvAditi prayoge tAtparyam, evaM tAtparyAkhyavRttiniSedhasyopasaMhArAt pAvanatvAdikaM na tAtparyAkhyavRttipratipAdyaM gaGgAdipadArthasaMsargabhinnatvAdityapi bodhyam / arthAt gaGgAyAM ghoSaH yahA~ taTAdi meM pratIta honevAle pAvanatvAdi dharma meM gaGgA zabda saMketita nahIM hai isalie abhidhA zItatva-pAvanatvAdi ko nahIM batA sktii| anumAna kA prakAra isa taraha hogA "pAvanatvAdi prayojanaM na gaGgApadAbhidhApratipAdyam gaGgApadabhinnapadasaGketaviSayatvAt" pAvanatvAdi prayojana gaGgApada kI abhidhA se pratipAdya nahIM hai, .. kyoMki vaha zItatvAtizaya prayojana gaGgA pada se bhinna pada ke saMketa kA viSaya hai| yahA~ yaha kahanA cAhie ki gaGgA pada ke saMketa kA viSaya nahIM hone se vaha abhidhA-pratipAdya nahIM ho sktaa| prayojana ko lakSyatA kA nirAkaraNa lakSaNA ke dvArA bhI zItatva-pAvanatvAtizaya kI pratIti nahIM ho sakatI // 15 // (1) mukhyArtha kA bAdha aura usake sAtha-sAtha (2) mukhyArtha se sambandha tathA (3) rUDhi aura prayojana meM se eka, ye tInoM lakSaNA ke prayojaka nimitta haiN| unakA yahA~ abhAva hai| isalie lakSaNA bhI nahIM ho sktii| yahA~ bhI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki pAvanatvAdi gaGgApadaniSThalakSaNApratipAdya nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki prakRta pada (gaGgA pada) meM lakSaNAjanya jJAna ke lie apekSita sAmagrI (mukhyArthabAdhAdi hetutraya) kA abhAva hai| isa taraha yahA~ 'hetvabhAvAt' kA tAtparya hai ki lakSaNoM ke prayoga meM (udAharaNa meM) hetuoM kA abhAva hone se (lakSaNA nahIM hogii)| isI taraha tAtparyAkhya vRtti ke niSedha kA bhI upasaMhAra meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isalie yahAM yaha bhI samajhanA cAhie ki pAvanatvAdi tAtparyAkhyavRtti-pratipAdya nahIM hai kyoMki pAvanatvAdi, gaGgAdi-padArthoM ke bIca bhAsita honevAle saMsargoM se bhinna haiN| tAtparyA vRtti vAkyArtha meM bhAsita honevAle padArtha-saMsarga ko batAtI hai| pAvanatvAdi padArthasaMsarga nahIM hai / isalie use tAtparyA vRtti se bodhya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / abhidhA mukhyArtha ko, lakSaNA lakSyArtha ko aura tAtparyA vAkyArtha-kukSi-praviSTa padArtha-saMsarga ko batAkara sAmarthyahIna ho gayI hai| isalie unameM se koI bhI prayojanavatI lakSaNA ke udAharaNoM meM pratIta honevAle zItatva, pAvanatvAdi phala ko nahIM batA sktii| ataH phala kI pratIti ke lie pUrvokta vyApAroM se atirikta eka caturtha vyApAra avazya svIkAra karanA caahie| lakSaNA ke hetunoM kA prabhAva "hetvabhAvAt" meM pradarzita hetu kI asiddhi dikhAne ke lie sUtra 26 ko uddhRta karate haiM-"lakSyaM na mukhyaM

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dvitIya ullAsaH tathA ca[sU0 26] lakSyaM na mukhyaM nApyatra bAdho yogaH phalena no / na prayojanametasmin na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiH // 16 // yathA gaGa gAzabdaH srotasi sabAdha iti taTaM lakSayati, tadvad yadi taTe'pi sabAdhaH hetvasiddhimuddharati lakSyaM na mukhyamiti / nanu lakSitalakSaNAnurodhAdatrApyarthabAdha eva lakSaNAbIjamastvityata Ahayoga iti / nanu tIrAdyarthaiH prayojanasya sAkSAt sambandhAbhAve'pi prayojanAzrayasambandhitvaM paramparAsambandho'styevetyata Aha-na prayojaneti / nanu mukhyArthabAdhAdikaM vinaiva lakSaNA'stvityata Aha-na ca zabda iti / zabdo lAkSaNikazabdaH / mukhyArthabAdhAdinarapekSyeNArthAbodhakatvaM skhaladgatitvam / / nApyatra" (sUtra 26) taTarUpa lakSyArtha mukhyArtha nahIM hai, na usa artha ke grahaNa meM yahAM koI bAdhA hai, na usakA zItatvapAvanatvAtizaya ke sAtha koI sambandha hai, na usa prayojana ko lakSyArtha mAnane meM koI prayojana hai aura na gaGgA zabda taTa ke samAna prayojana ko pratipAdana karane meM asamartha hai / isalie lakSaNA prayojana ko nahIM batA sakatI // 16 // ___ lakSita-lakSaNA ke anurodha se yahA~ (gaGgAyAM ghoSaH meM) bhI arthabAdha ko hI lakSaNA kA bIja mAneMge to kyA kSati hogI, ise batAte hue likhate haiM-'yogaH' taTa artha kA zItatvAdi ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai / sambandhAbhAva se lakSaNA nahIM ho sakatI, yaha pUrva grantha kA tAtparya hai| . yadi yaha kaheM ki 'tIrAdi artha ke sAtha prayojana kA sAkSAta sambandha nahIM hone para bhI prayojanAzraya (zItatva-pAvanatvAtizaya ke Azraya) ghoSa kA sambandha tIrAdi ke sAtha hai hI, isalie prayojanAzrayasambandhitvarUpa paramparAsambandha hone ke kAraNa "phalena no yogaH" yaha nahIM kaha sakate' to ThIka hai, isI aruci ko manameM rakhakara Age likhA gayA hai-"na prayojanametasmin" prayojana ko lakSya tabhI mAnA jA sakatA hai, jabaki prayojamarUpa lakSyArtha se aura koI prayojana nikale, parantu prayojana ke lakSya mAnane meM koI prayojana nahIM hai| isalie prayojana ko lakSyArtha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| mukhyArthabAdhAdi ke binA hI lakSaNA svIkAra karane meM kyA kSati hai; yaha batAte hue likhate haiM-"na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiH" / yahA~ zabda kA artha hai lAkSaNika shbd| ... mukhyArtha bAdhAdi kI apekSA ke binA artha ke bodha meM asamarthatA hI skhaladgatitva kA lakSaNa hai| lAkSaNika gaGgAdi zabda, taTa artha ke bodhana meM skhaladgati hai; kyoMki vaha usa (taTa) artha kA mukhyArthabAghAdi kI apekSA kiye binA bodha nahIM karA sakatA isalie taTa artha meM gaGgA zabda lAkSaNika hai; parantu gaGgA zabda zItatva-pAvanatvAtizayarUpa prayojana ko binA mukhyArthabAdhAdi kI apekSA kiye hI vyakta kara sakatA hai| isalie gaGgA zabda taTa artha ko batAne meM skhaladgati hai, bAdhitArtha hai parantu zItatva-pAvanatvatizayarUpa prayojana ko batAne meM skhaladgati nahIM hai, bAdhitArtha nahIM hai phira lakSaNA kaise hogI ? mukhyArthabAdhAdi hone para vaha taTa ko hI bodhita kara sakatA hai zItatvapAvanatvAtizaya ko nahIM; kyoMki usa artha ke lie vaha skhaladgati nahIM hai|

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112 kAvyaprakAzA syAt tat prayojanaM lakSayet / na ca taTaM mukhyo'rthH| nApyatra bAdhaH, na ca gaGagAzabdArthasya taTasya pAvanatvAdyairlakSaNoyaiH sambandhaH, / nApi prayojane lakSye kijivat prayojanam / nApi gaGa gAzabdastaTamiva prayojanaM pratipAdayitumasamarthaH / __subuddhimizrAstu nanvatrApi nirUDhalakSaNA (anAditAtparyavatI) lakSaNA'stvityata Aha-naca zabda iti / skhalantI gatiH zaityAderzAnaM yasyAsau skhaladgatiH zaityAderabodhako gaGgAdiH / [zabdAnAM vyaJjanA dvArAzaityapAvanatvAdi] prayojanapratipipAdayiSayA prayogAditi bhAva iti vyAcakSate / " vayaM tu viramya vyApArAyogaH skhaladgatiH [lakSaNayA taTAdilakSyArthaM bodhayitvA viratasya] zabdasya prayojanapratipAdane sAmarthya netyarthaH / srotasItyanantaraM mukhya iti zeSaH, taTe'pItyanantaraM mu-[khyatvena vivakSite iti zeSaH] anyathA'sya granthasya tarkaparatAyAM na ca taTaM mukhyo'rtha ityasyAsaGgatiH, mukhyatvasyApAdakakoTAvapravezAt / tarkaparatve ca [nA] pyatra bAdha ityanena paunaruktyApattiH bAdhAbhAvasya tadvadityAdinaMvokte- . rityavadheyam / subuddhi mizra"na ca zabdaH'' kI avataraNikA isa taraha dete haiM-unakA kahanA hai ki yahA~ nirU DhA (anAditAtparyavatI) lakSaNA bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai yaha "naca zabdaH" se batAyA gayA hai| unake manameM 'skhaladagatiH' kA vigraha hai 'skhalantI gatiH (zaityAdeAnam) yasya asau skhaladgatiH' arthAt zaityAdi kA bodha jisase nahIM ho sakatA, aisA gaGgA zabdAdi nahIM hai athabA gaGgA zabda zaityAdi kA abodhaka ho aisA nahIM hai| yadi aisA hotA to usa artha ke bodhana ke lie lakSaNA hotI / jaisA ki vaha taTa artha ke bodhana meM skhaladgati hai to, taTArtha-bodhana ke lie lakSaNA hotI hai, parantu zItatvAdi artha-bodhana meM vaha skhaladgati nahIM hai to lakSaNA kaise hogI? kyoMki prayojana ke pratipAdana kI icchA se hI usa (gaGgA zabda) kA prayoga kiyA hai / isa taraha subuddhi mizra ne pUrvokta grantha ke tAtparya ko batAyA hai| mere mana meM to "kisI zabda ke kisI vyApAra kI sahAyatA se kisI artha ke pratipAdana ke bAda virata (vizrAnta) ho jAne para usa zabda ke usI vyApAra ke sAtha hue yoga ko skhaladgati kahate haiN|" zabda aisA nahIM hotA arthAt virata zabda kA punaH usI vyApAra se yoga nahIM hotA hai| "zabdabuddhi-karmaNAM viramya vyApArAbhAvaH" yaha siddhAnta spaSTa nirdeza de rahA hai| isalie "lakSaNA ke dvArA taTAdi lakSyArtha kI pratIti karane ke bAda virAma prApta gaGgA zabda usI vyApAra ke dvArA prayojana ke pratipAdana meM sAmarthya nahIM rakhatA" yaha tAtparya "na ca zabdaH skhaladagatiH" kA samajhanA caahie| vRtti meM "srotasi" ke bAda 'mukhye' aura 'taTe' ke bAda "mukhyatvena vivakSite" yaha jor3anA caahie| isa taraha paMkti kA artha hogA ki jaise gaGgA zabda pravAharUpa mukhyArtha meM bAdhita hai, vaise Apake vicAra meM (lakSaNA se prayojana ke pratipAdana karanevAloM ke vicAra meM) mukhyArtharUpa meM vivakSita (na tu vastutaH mukhyArtha) taTa artha meM bhI bAdhita nahIM hai| yadi isa taraha 'mukhye' 'mukhyatvena vivakSite' ye zabda na jor3e jAya to grantha ko tarka-paraka mAnane para "na ca taTaM mukhyo'rthaH" isa grantha kI saMgati na hIM baitthegii| kyoMki taTa jaba mukhyArtha hI nahIM hai, to usake bAdha yA abAdha kA dikhAnA vyartha hai| 'taTe' ke bAda "mukhyatvena vivakSite" yaha jor3ane para saMgati baiTha jAtI hai; kyoMki 'taTa' vivakSA ke kAraNa mukhyArtha hai|

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dvitIya ullAsaH 113 ANANANAAAAAAA na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiriti / nApi gaGgAzabdastaTamiveti / 'asamartha' iti pAThe mukhyArthabAdhAdikamupekSyeti zeSaH, 'samartha' iti pAThe mukhyArthabAdhAdika[mapekSyaiveti] zeSaH, tathA ca mukhyArthabAdhanarapekSyeNArthAbodhakatvarUpaM skhaladgatitvaM netyarthaH / lAkSaNikabodhe lakSaNAyA anvayavyabhicAritvaM vA skhaladgatitvaM netyuktapAThAbhyAmuktarItyA mUlavyAkhyeti mama pratibhAti / pradIpakRtastu na kevala mukhyArthabAdhAdInAM zaityAdibodhArthamabhAvamAtra kintu teSAmapekSA'pi tatra netyaad| na ca zabda: skhaladagatiriti makhyArthabAdhAditrayamapekSya bodhakatvaM skhaladgatitvaM, evaM ca vRttA'vasamartha' iti pAThe bAdhAdikamupekSyeti zeSaH, 'samartha' iti pAThe bAdhAditrayamapekSyeti zeSa iti vadanti / anye tu skhalantI mukhyArthabAdhAdyanusandhAnena vilambitA gatirbodhakatA yasya na tathetyarthaH, yadi ukta grantha ko tarka-paraka na mAneM to 'nApyatra bAdha:" yaha ullekha punarukta ho jaaygaa| kyoMki 'bAdhAbhAva' kA ullekha to "tadvat yadi taTe'pi sabAdhaH syAt" isI bAdha se ho gayA hai / yaha samajhanA chiye| 'naca zabda: skhaladagatiH' kI vyAkhyA vRtti meM "nApi gaGgAzabdastaTabhiva prayojanaM pratipAdayitumasamarthaH" ina zabdoM meM kI gaI hai| yahA~ yadi "asamarthaH" yaha pATha ho jaisA ki Upara likhA gayA hai to "asamarthaH" ke pahale mukhyArthabAdhAdikamupekSya' yaha jor3anA cAhie jisase ki mukhyArtha-bAdhAdi kI upekSA karake gaGgA zabda lakSaNA ke dvArA prayojana ko batAne meM asamartha hai aisA artha ho / yadi vahA~ "samarthaH" aisA pATha mAneM to usake Age "mukhyArthabAdhAdikamapekSyaveti" jor3anA caahie| isa taraha mukhyArthabAgha kI binA apekSA kiye arthAbodhakatvarUpa skhaladgatitva zabda meM (gaGgA zabda meM) nahIM hai aisA tAtparya mAnanA cAhiye / mukhyArtha-bAdha kI apekSA binA kiye jo zabda artha kA bodha nahIM karA sakegA usI meM skhaladgatitva mAnA jAyagA, gaGgA zabda to mukhyArthavAdha kI apekSA ke binA hI zItatva-pAvanatva ko batAne kI kSamatA rakhatA hai| ataH yaha zabda zItatva-pAvanatvAtizayarUpa prayojana batAne meM skhaladgati nahIM hai| hAM, bhale hI taTa artha batAne meM skhaladgati ho| mere mata meM lAkSaNika bodha meM lakSaNA kA anvaya vyabhicAritvarUpa skhaladgatitva nahIM hai, isa taraha ukta pAThoM se pUrvokta prakAra se mUla kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai| pradIpakAra kA kahanA hai ki 'lakSaNA ke dvArA zaityAdi ke bodha ke lie apekSita mukhyArthabAdhAdi kA vahA~ na kevala abhAva hai kintu unakI apekSA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki gaGgA zabda zItatva-pAvanatvAtizaya kA bodha mukhyArthabAdhAdi kI apekSA ke binA hI karA detA hai| "na ca zabdaH skhaladgatiH" yahA~ skhaladgati kA tAtparya hai ki jo zabda mukhyArtha-bAdhAdi tIna (lakSaNA hetuoM) kI apekSA karake arthabodhaka hotA hai vaha skhaladgati hotA hai / gaGgA zabda taTArtha batAne meM skhaladgati bhale hI ho; parantu vaha zItatvAdi artha batAne meM skhaladgati nahIM hai kyoMki zItatvAdi artha ko vaha binA mukhyArtha-bAdhAdi kI apekSA kiye vatA detA hai| isa taraha jaba vRtti meM 'asamartha' yaha pATha ho taba bAdhAdikamupekSya yaha zeSa mAnanA cAhiye arthAt pahale jor3anA cAhie aura yadi 'samartha' pATha ho to "bAdhAditrayamapekSya" yaha jor3anA cAhiye / anya vidvAna ina paMktiyoM kI vyAkhyA aura rUpa meM karate haiM :-"skhalantI mukhyArtha-bAdhAdyanusandhAnena vilambitA gatiH" arthabodhakatA meM vilamba ho gayA hai, use skhaladgati kahate haiM kintu (gaGgA) zabda vaMsA nahIM hai|

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114 kAvya-prakAzaH taTapratyayAnantaraM jhaTityeva vyaJjanayA tatpratIteriti bhAvaH / evaM ca vRttAvapyasAmarthyaM mantharatA, samartha iti pAThe yathA vilambena taTaM pratipAdayituM samarthastathA prayojanaM naivetyartha ityAhuH / vayaM tu 'asamartha' iti pAThe ivazabdaH prayojanamityanantaraM yojyaH tena yathA prayojanaM pratipAdayitu' 'asamartho' viratatvAnna tathA taTaM pratipAdayituM virAmadoSAbhAvAdityarthaH, 'samartha' iti pAThe virAmadoSasattvAditi vyAcakSmahe / subuddhimizrAstu kArikAnupasthApitamapi yuktyantaramAha - nApIti / yathA taTaM bodhayituM gaGgAzabdo lakSaNArUpasambandhajJAnaM vinA'samarthastat sambandhajJAnopayoginaM mukhyArtha - bAdhAdikamapekSate tathA lakSaNAtmaka-tIrasambandhajJAnaM vinA na pAvanatvAdi bodhayitumasamartho yena bAdhAdyapekSAM kuryAt zaityAdestIrAvRttitvena tatsambandhaM vinaiva gaGgA-zabdasya zaityAdibodhakatvAdityarthaH / pravAha sambandhajJAnasya zaityAdikaM bodhayitumapekSaNaM ca na lAkSaNika padArthAnvayabodhottarakAlInavRttikavyaJjanAyAm, kyoMki taTa kI pratIti ke bAda vaha jaldI hI isa taraha vRtti meM paThita " asamartha " kA artha sAmarthyaM rahita, mantharatA se yukta yA vilambita mAnanA cAhie / vRtti meM Aye hue 'samartha' pATha kA sambandha biThAne ke lie aisI zabda-yojanA karanI cAhiye ki "gaGgA zabda taTa ko batAne meM jaise vilamba se samartha hotA hai usa taraha prayojana ko batAne meM use vilamba nahIM hotA, isa lie vaha prayojana meM skhaladgati nahIM hai / hama to isakI vyAkhyA isa taraha karate haiM ki 'asamartha' isa pATha meM 'iva' zabda 'prayojanam' ke bAda jor3anA cAhie tava vAkpa hogA "nApi gaGgAzabdastaTaM prayojanamiva pratipAdayitumasamarthaH " / arthAt jaise gaGgA zabda (lakSaNA ke dvArA ) taTArthabodha ke bAda lakSaNA ke virata ho jAne ke kAraNa prayojana ko batAne meM asamartha hai; vaise vaha taTa kA bodha karAne meM asamartha nahIM hai; kyoMki taTArthabodhanakAla meM usameM virAmadoSa nahIM AyA hai| " samartha: " pATha mAnane para vAkya ko vaha jaisA hai vaisA hI rahane denA cAhiye "nApi gaGgAzabdastaTamiva prayojanaM pratipAdayituM samarthaH " arthAt gaGgAzabda taTa kI taraha (lakSaNA vRtti ke dvArA ) prayojana kI pratIti karAne meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki prayojanarUpArtha ke bodhanakAla meM usameM virAma doSa A gayA hai / subuddhi mizra kA mata hai ki kArikA ke dvArA aprastuta yuktyantara kA ullekha karate hue kahate haiM ki "nApi gaGgAzabdaH" ityAdi / arthAt gaGgAzabda lakSaNArUpa sambandhajJAna ke binA taTa ko batAne meM asamartha hokara jaise usa sambandhajJAna ke lie upayogI mukhyArthabAdhAdi kI apekSA karatA hai, usI taraha lakSaNAtmaka tIra sambandhajJAna ke binA pAvanatvAdi kI pratIti karAne meM vaha asamartha nahIM hai jisase ki vaha bAdhAdi kI apekSA kre| zaityAdi dharma tIra meM yA tIra para rahanevAlA dharma nahIM hai, isalie tIra sambandhajJAna ke binA hI gaGgA-zabda zaityAdi kA bodha karA detA hai / zaityAdi ke bodhana ke lie pravAha ke sAtha zaityAdi ke sambandhajJAna kI apekSA, lAkSaNika (tIrAdi ) padArtha ke anvayabodha ke uttarakAla meM AnevAlI vyaJjanA vRtti meM nahIM hotI hai kintu lakSaNA meM hI hotI hai / anyathA vyaJjanA kI taraha lakSaNA meM bhI pravAha sambandhajJAna kI apekSA na kareM aura lakSaNA se taTa aura zaitya donoM kI ekasAtha upasthiti mAneM to anvayayogyatA na hone ke kAraNa pahale eka to zaitya kA tIrarUpI adhikaraNa meM anvaya nahIM hogA

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dvitIya ullAsaH 115 [sU0 27] evamapyanavasthA syAd yA mUlakSayakAriNI / api tu lakSaNAyAm, anyathA taTazaityayoryugapadupasthitAvayogyatayA prathamaM tIre zaityAdhikaraNatAnanvayAd yogyatayA ghoSAdhikaraNatAnvaye taduttaramayogyatAyAstadavasthatvena janitAnvayabodhatayA nirAkAGkSatvena ca lakSaNayA tIrasya zaityenAnvaya-bodhAbhAvAd vyaJjanAyAzcAropitArthabodhakatvenaiva siddhenaM tajjanyabosyogyatAjJAnaM pratibandhakamiti bhAvaH / 'samartha' iti pAThe ghoSAdhikaraNatAyA nibiDadravyeNaiva sAkAr3akSAtvAt yogyatvAcca zaityAdInAM tadabhAvAt tatpratipAdayituM samartha ityartha iti vyAcakSate / kecittu 'asamartha ' iti pAThe tIramiveti vyatireke dRSTAntaH, 'samartha' iti pAThe tvanvaya eva, tathA ca zaityAditIrayoryugapadupasthityApattirityartha ityAhuH / nanu tIraniSThazaityapAvanatve lakSye ghoSaniSThaM pAvanatvAdi vyaGgayamastvityata AhaevamapIti, 'mUlakSayakAriNI' vyAcaSTe - arthAt tIra meM zaitya na hone ke kAraNa zaitya tIra meM hai aisA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| aisI sthiti meM anvaya kI yogyatA hone ke kAraNa ghoSarUpI adhikaraNa meM usakA anvaya ho jAyagA arthAt zaitya ghoSa meM hai aisA anvaya hone para bhI tIra ke sAtha zaitya ke anvita hone kI ayogyatA pahale kI taraha banI huI hone ke kAraNa aura ghoSa ke sAtha anvaya ho jAne ke kAraNa nirAkAGkSa ho jAne se lakSaNA ke dvArA tIra kA zaitya ke sAtha anvayabodha nahIM ho sakatA / vyaJjanA meM to Aropita artha ke bodhana kI zakti hai, isIlie iSTAnvaya kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, kyoMki vyaJjanAjanya bodha meM anvaya kI ayogyatA kA jJAna pratibandhaka ( bAdhaka ) nahIM hotA / yadi "samartha: " aisA pATha hai to usakA tAtparya aisA mAnanA cAhie ki 'ghoSa (AbhIra grAma) kA AdhAra to koI Thosa dravya (pRthivI Adi) hI sakatA hai isIlie ghoSa zabda kisI nibiDa (Thosa ) dravya ke sAtha hI adhikaraNAnvaya ke lie sAkAMkSa rahegA, aisA honA hI yogya / isalie ghoSa zabda, zetya ke sAtha anvita hone ke lie sAkAGkSa nahIM hai, kyoMki zaitya koI aisA Thosa dravya nahIM hai, jahA~ ghoSa basa sake; isalie ghoSa ke sAtha nirAkAGkSa zaitya kA usake (ghoSa ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakatA aura tIra ke sAtha bhI usakA anvaya nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki vaha tIra kA nahIM kintu pravAha kA dharma hai| isa taraha vAkya kA artha huA ki jaise gaGgA zabda tIra ko batAne meM asamartha hai, usa taraha pravAha ko batAne meM vaha asamartha nahIM hai kintu samartha hai / koI kahate haiM ki 'asamartha " aisA pATha hone para " taTamiva" isako vyatireka dRSTAnta mAnanA cAhie / isa prakAra artha hogA ki jaise gaGgA zabda taTa ko batAne meM skhaladgati hai, asamartha hai, isa taraha vaha zaityAdi prayojana ko batAne meM skhaladgati yA asamartha nahIM hai / yadi "samartha" aisA pATha mAneM to 'taTamiva' yaha anvaya- dRSTAnta hogA / arthAt jaise gaGgA zabda taTa ko batAne meM samartha nahIM hai vaise hI prayojana ko bhI batAne meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki donoM (taTa aura zaitya) kI ekasAtha upasthiti ho jAyagI, to anvaya meM vyavasthA nahIM ho pAyagI / tathA prayojana ko lakSya mAnane meM koI aura prayojana mAnanA par3egA, usakA yahA~ abhAva batAyA gayA hai usI ke sambandha meM kahate haiM ki "tIraniSTha zItatva pAvanatvAdi ko lakSya mAnane para ghoSaniSTha pAvanatvAdi ko prayojana mAnA jA sakatA hai, " isakA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM ki " evamapyanavasthA syAd yA mUlakSayakAriNI" / isa prakAra yadi

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116 kAvya-prakAzaH evamapi prayojanaM cellakSyate tat prayojanAntareNa tadapi prayojanAntareNa prakRtApratItikRd anavasthA bhavet / nanu pAvanatvAdidharmayuktameva taTaM lakSyate / 'gaGa gAyAstaTe ghoSa' ityato'dhikasyArtha prakRteti / idamupalakSaNaM prayojane'pi prayojana- pratItAvekatra va puruSAyuSaparyavasAnAt prakRtApratItistadiyamanavasthetyapi bodhyam, nanu pAvanatvAdiviziSTasya lakSyatve prayojanamiha viraha eva dUSaNamata Aha--- gaGgAtaTe ghoSa ityata iti| adhikasyArthasyeti / lakSyatAvacchedakatayA zaityAdipratItiH prayojanamityarthaH / nirUDhalakSaNAto bhedasya tAvanmAtra NopapatteH / ato na mukhyArthabAdhAbhAvAdidoSAvakAzaH lakSyatAvacchedake lakSaNAyA abhAvAditi bhAvaH, na ca zaityAdestaTAvRttitvena taTAvacchedakatayA kathaM prayojana ko lakSaNAgamya mAnane lageM to eka prayojana ko lakSyArtha banAne ke lie dUsare prayojana kI kalpanA karanI hogI aura dUsare prayojanoM ko lakSya banAne ke lie tIsare prayojana kI AvazyakatA hogI aura tIsare ke lie cauthe kii| isa prakAra prayojana kI avizrAnta paramparA kI kalpanA ke kAraNa mUlabhUta prathama prayojana (jisake lie lakSaNA kI gaI thI ) kI pratIti meM bAdhA DAlanevAlI (mUlakSayakAriNI) anavasthA hogii| "mUlakSayakAriNI" kI vyAkhyA karate hue vRtti meM likhate haiM- - "prakRtApratI tikRt" isakA artha hai ki prakRta (prastuta - mUlabhUta prathama prayojana) kI apratIti karAnevAlI anavasthA hogI, isa vRttigrantha ko upalakSaNa mAnanA cAhie / isase yaha siddha hogA ki prayojana ko prayojanAntara se lakSyArthaM mAnane para anya doSa bhI hoMge / vaha hai yadi pUrva-pUrva prajanako lakSya banAne ke lie dUsare, tIsare cauthe Adi uttarottara prayojanoM kI kalpanA kI jAya to eka hI prayojanavatI lakSaNA ke udAharaNa ko samajhAne meM puruSa kI sArI Ayu samApta ho jaayegii| isa taraha prayojana ko prayojanAntara se lakSya banAne para na kevala prakRti prayojana kI apratIti karAnevAlI anavasthA hogii| pratyuta eka hI prayojanavatI lakSaNA ke samajhane meM manuSya kI Ayu samApta ho jAyagI / bIja aura vRkSa ke prAthamya meM jo anavasthA hotI hai vaha prakRtApratItikAriNI nahIM hotI hai kintu yaha anavasthA prakRtApratItikAriNI hogI / yahA~ eka prazna uThAte haiM ki pAvanatvAdi dharma se yukta taTa ko lakSaNAgamya mAnA jAya to kyA kSati hai ? yadi yaha kaheM ki prayojana - viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnane para prayojana kA viraha (abhAva) hI doSa haiM, to yaha kahanA isalie upayukta nahIM hai ki 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' yahA~ "gaGgAtaTe ghoSa: " isase adhika jo pAvanAdi - viziSTa tIra artha kI pratIti hogI use hI prayojana mAna leNge| isa taraha viziSTa meM lakSaNA karane para prayojana kA abhAva nahIM raha jAyagA aura viziSTa meM lakSaNA ho hI jAyagI taba vyaJjanA mAnane se kyA lAbha ? inhIM bAtoM ko "nanu pAvanatvAdidharmayuktameva" se "ki vyaJjanayA" yahA~ taka ke vAkyoM meM likhate haiM / viziSTa meM -- arthAt zItazva - pAvanatva - viziSTa taTa meM - lakSaNA karane para lakSyatAvacchedakatayA zaityAdi kI pratIti hI prayojana hogI, isI bAta ko " gaGgAyAstaTe ghoSaH " yahA~ se "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH " meM huI adhika artha kI pratIti hI prayojana hai; ina zabdoM meM batAyA hai / zItasva-pAvanatvAdi - viziSTa taTa meM lakSaNA mAnane para lakSyatAvacchedakarUpa meM zaityAdi kI pratIti hI prayojana hogI / prayojana kI yahI pratIti, nirUDhA lakSaNA se prayojanavatI lakSaNA ko bhinna pramANita karane meM sAdhaka

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dvitIya ullAsaH sya pratItizca prayojanamiti viziSTeM lakSaNA / tatkiM vyajjanayetyAha [sU0 28] prayojanena sahitaM lakSaraNIyaM na yujyate // 17 // 117 bhAnamiti vAcyam, paramparAsambandhena tIre gaGgAtvabhAnavadupapatteH / ( na ca tIre ) pi gaGgA [ tva ] bhAnaM vyaJjanayaivetyatrApi tathAtve vyaJjanA samAgataiveti vAcyam, lakSyatAvacchedakasya vRttyantarApratipAdyatvAt / ( zaityAdi) pratItervyaJjanAjanyatvapakSe tIratvasyaiva lakSyatAvacchedakatayA tadbhAnArthaM vRttyantarAkalpanAvacchetyAderapi lakSyatAvacchedakatvopagamena tadbhAnArthaM vRttyanta rAkalpanAditi bhAvaH / gaGgAtaTa ityanantaraM gaGgAtvenopasthita iti zeSaH / adhikasyArthasya (pAvanatvAdivaiziSTyarUpasya ) atrApyavazyApekSaNIyasyeti zeSaH, prayojanaM prayojakaM yuktirityarthaH / tathA ca gaGgAyAM ghoSa ityatra vyaJjanayA zai (tyapAvanatva vaiziSTya rUpeNa) pratyayo ( na tIra) - niSThatayA, apekSitazca tatheti na vyaJjanayopapattiriti tAM vihAya viziSTe lakSaNetyartha iti [ bhAvaH / atra kecit ] zaityAdibodhe vaiziSTyajJAnAnupapattiH lakSaNAtaH prAgvaiziSTayAbhAne na tatra [viziSTe banegI / nirUDhA lakSaNA se isakA pArthakya itane se hI siddha ho jAyagA / isalie jaba lakSyatAvacchedaka meM lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jAyagI to mukhyArthabAdhAbhAvAdi ke kAraNa lakSaNA nahIM hogI, isa taraha ke kathana ke lie koI guMjAiza hI nahIM hai bhalA, to batAie ki zaityAdi kA, jo pravAhaniSTha haiM, taTa meM upasthita nahIM hone ke kAraNa taTAvacchedakatayA bhAna kaise hogA ? vAha, paramparA - sambandha se gaGgA niSTha zaityAdi kA bhAna tIra meM usI taraha sambhava hai jisa taraha tIra meM gaGgAtva kA bhAna hotA hai| 'tIra meM gaGgAtva kA bhAna vyaJjanA se hI hotA hai; isalie pUrvokta svIkRti meM vyaJjanA A hI gayI' aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki lakSyatAvacchedaka ko anya vRtti kA pratipAdaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| lakSya jaise lakSaNApratipAdya hai; vaise hI lakSyatAvacchedaka bhI lakSaNA pratipAdya hI "zaityAdi kI pratIti vyaJjanA se hotI hai" isa pakSa meM tIratva hI lakSyatAvacchedaka mAnA jAtA hai| usa tIratvarUpa lakSyatAvacchedaka ke bhAna ke lie jaise anya vRtti kI kalpanA usa pakSa meM nahIM kI jAtI hai; usI taraha viziSTa meM (zaityAdi viziSTa tIra meM ) lakSaNA mAnane ke pakSa meM bhI zaityAdi ko lakSyatAvacchedaka mAnane para usake (lakSyatAvacchedaka - zItatvAdi ke ) bhAna ke lie anya vRtti kI kalpanA nahIM karanI hogii| vRtti meM "gaGgAvAsta" isake bAda "gaGgAtvena upasthite " isakA zeSa mAnanA cAhie arthAt jor3anA cAhie / 'adhikasyArthasya' yahA~ bhI "avazyApekSaNIyasya " kA zeSa samajhanA cAhie / 'prayojanam' kA artha hai prayojaka yA yussit| isa taraha 'zeSa' dvArA pUrita vAkya kA artha hogA 'gaGgAtvena upasthita taTa para ghoSa' isase adhika aura svIkAra karane yogya pAvanatvAdi viziSTarUpa artha kI pratIti ko hI prayojaka yA yukti mAna kara viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnane se hI iSTasiddhi ho jAyagI phira vyaJjanA se kyA lAbha ? praznakartA kA tAtparya yaha hai ki "gaGgAyAM ghoSa: " meM vyaJjanA ke dvArA honevAlI zaitya-pAvanatvAdi kI pratIti toraniSTha (tIra meM) nahIM ho sakatI hai vaisI apekSA cala hai ki zaityAdi kI pratIti tIraniSTha ho / vaha vyaJjanA se ho nahIM sktii| isIlie vyaJjanA ke dvArA kAma nahIM sktaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki vyaJjanA na mAnakara yahA~ viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnanI caahie| koI praznakartA kA tAtparya isa taraha batAte haiM ki 'zaityAdibodha ke lie vaiziSTaghajJAna kI upapatti lakSaNA se nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki lakSaNA se pahale vaiziSTya kA bhAna nahIM hotA thA, ata: viziSTa meM lakSaNA ho nahIM

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kAvya-prakAzaH kuta ityAha [sU0 26] jJAnasya viSayo hyanyaH phalamanyadudAhRtam / pratyakSAdernIlAdiviSayaH phalaM tu prkttt| saMvittirvA / lakSaNAyA asambhavAd vyaJjanA svIkAryeti tu na, tora ] rUpa-vizeSya-sambandhigrahasya sambandhi ? ataH [viSayakatvena] ekayaiva lakSaNayA vizeSyatayA tIrasyAvacchedakatayA zaityAdestadubhayasaMsargatayA vaiziSTayasyo pasthitirupeyeti zaGkArthamAmananti / jJAnasyeti / prakRte vyApArasya lakSaNArUpasya jJAyate'neneti vyutptteH| yadi ca bhAvavyutpannaM tadA jJAnasya lakSaNAjanyasya, prAcInamate lakSaNAtmakasta [dasya] stIrAdiviSayaH phalaM pAvanatvAdi anyadityarthaH / tatra dRSTAntamAha-pratyakSAdehIti / pratyakSamindriyaparaM naiyAyikAdimate, tajjanyajJAnaparaM' bhaTTamate, prakaTateti bhaTTamate saMvittiH cAkSuSAdijJAna[ jJAna ]miti ne yAyikAdimate, subuddhimi sakatI isalie vyaJjanA svIkAra karanI cAhie' isa zaGkA kA uttara praznakartA isa prakAra detA hai ki 'eka hI lakSaNA vizeSyarUpa meM anubhUta tIra kA aura tIra ke avacchedaka rUpa meM zatyAdi kA aura pUrvanirdiSTa donoM (vizeSyatA aura avacchedakatA) sambandha se viziSTa kA (zotatvaviziSTa tIra kA) bodha karA degI. isa taraha lakSaNA se kAma calegA ataH vyaJjanA mAnanA vyartha hai|' viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnanevAloM ke mata kA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM-(sU0 26) "jJAnasya viSayo hyanyaH phalamanya dudAhRtam" jJAna kA viSaya (nIlo ghaTa: meM nIlaghaTAdi) alaga hai aura jJAna kA phala (mImAMsaka ke mata meM jJAtatA yA prakaTatA aura naiyAyikoM ke mata meM anuvyavasAya yA saMvitti) alaga kahe gaye haiN| __ prakRte- isa prakaraNa meM jJAna kA artha hai lakSaNArUpa vyApAra / 'jJAyate anena iti jJAnam' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisase jAnA jAya use jJAna kaha sakate haiN| isa taraha vyApAra (abhidhAdi) se artha jAnA jAtA hai| isa lie abhidhAdi-vyApAra ko jJAna kaha sakate haiN| prakaraNa lakSaNA kA cala rahA hai isalie yahA~ jJAna kA artha lakSaNAvyApAra liyA jAtA hai| yadi jJAna pada kI siddhi bhAvavAcya meM lyuT pratyaya karake kareM to usakA artha hogA "jJaptiH buddhiH jJAnam" bodha / isa pakSa meM yahA~ 'jJAnasya' kA artha hogA "lakSaNAjanya bodha" lakSaNA se hone vAlA bodha / prAcIna mata (pUrva mata ke anusAra) kArikA kA artha hogA ki lakSaNAtmaka jJAna kA viSaya tIrAdi hai| . kyoMki tIra meM lakSaNA kI jAtI hai aura phala hai pAvanatvAdi / pAvanatvAdi phala tIrAdi viSaya se bhinna hai hii| isa bAta kI puSTi ke lie vRtti meM dRSTAnta prastuta karate hue likhate haiM--pratyakSAdehi / naiyAyikAdi ke mata meM 'pratyakSa pada 'indriya kA vAcaka hai| bhadra (mImAMsaka) ke mata meM 'pratyakSa' pada indriya-janya jJAnaparaka hai arthAt indriya se utpanna jJAna kA bodhaka hai / bhaTTa ke mata meM jJAna kA phala prakaTatA yA jJAtatA hai aura naiyAyikAdi ke mata meM jJAna kA phala hai saMvitti arthAt rUpAdi kA jJAna / subuddhi mizra kA kahanA hai ki 'nayAyikAdi aura bhaTTa (mImAMsaka) donoM hI matoM meM pratyakSa pada indriya Ti.......1. vyavasAyAkhyAm /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 116 ~ zrAstUbhayamate'pi pratyakSapadamindriyajanyajJAnaparameva, saMvittizca nyAyamate heyopAdAnabuddhiranuvyavasAyo vA, evaM ca kArikAyAM jJAnapadaM bhAvavyutpannamevetyAhuH / madhumatIkRtastu pratyakSamindriyaparameva nIlAdiviSayo vyApArAnubandhiviSayatayA, prakaTatA janya jJAnaparaka hI hai| isIlie 'pratyakSa kA tAtparya donoM ke mata meM samAna hai, antara hai to phala ke tAtparya ko lekara / bhaTra ke mata meM jJAna kA phala prakaTatA yA jJAtatA yA vyavasAya hai| 'nyAyamata meM saMvitti hai' saMvitti kA artha anuSyavasAya hai / vahI jJAna kA phala hai / anuvyavasAya se heya (tyAjya) aura upAdeya (grAhya) buddhi utpanna hotI hai / isa taraha kArikA meM jJAnapada bhAvavyutpanna "jJapti nam" hI hai| ___ madhumatIkAra kA kahanA hai ki 'pratyakSa pada yahA~ 'indriya' bodhaka hI hai / "nIlo ghaTaH" ityAdi meM nIlAdi viSaya isalie mAnA gayA ki vaha 6 prakAra ke (saMyoga, saMyuktasamavAya, saMyuktasamavetasamavAya, samadAya, samavetasamavAya aura vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva) sannikarSa vyApAra se sambaddha hai| 'pratyakSa' kA artha jaba 'indriya' mAnA gayA taba prakaTatA usakA (pratyakSatA) phala sAkSAt nahIM ho sakatI; isalie jJAtatA yA prakaTatA ko pratyakSa kA phala indriyajanya jJAnadvArA arthAta paramparA-sambandha se hI mAna sakate haiN| saMvitti to vyavasAya arthAta jJAnAtmikA yA jJAnasvarUpA hI hai isalie vaha pratyakSa kA sAkSAt phala ho sakatI hai| isa taraha kArikA meM jJAna pada "jJAyate anena" isa prakAra karaNavyutpatti-siddha hI hai| isa taraha viziSTa meM lakSaNA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| prayojanavatI lakSaNA meM prayojana kA bodha lakSaNA se nahIM ho sktaa| isalie prayojana ke bodha ke liye vyaJjanAvatti kI AvazyakatA batAyI gyii| viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnI nahIM jA sakatI / kyoMki viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnane se lakSaNA kA viSaya (taTa) aura lakSaNA ke phala (pAvanatvAdi) donoM kA bodha eka sAtha hogA / parantu yaha yuktiviruddha hai jJAna kA viSaya aura phala ye donoM alagaalaga hote haiM / unako eka sAtha milAyA nahIM jA sktaa| kyoMki viSaya aura phala meM kArya-kAraNabhAva sambandha hotA hai / jJAna kA viSaya jJAna kA kAraNa hotA hai aura jJAna kA phala jJAna kA kArya hotA hai / kArya aura kAraNa donoM kI utpatti eka kAla meM nahIM ho sktii| isa taraha lakSaNAjanya jJAna ke viSaya taTa aura usake phala ko ekasAtha nahIM milAyA jA sakatA hai kintu unakI pratIti alaga-alaga hI mAnanI hogii| isaliye viziSTa meM lakSaNA nahIM ho sakane ke kAraNa vyaJjanA-vyApAra kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| 'jJAna kA viSaya aura jJAna kA phala donoM alaga-alaga hote haiN| isa bAta ko samajhAne ke liye granthakAra ne yahA~ mImAMsA aura nyAyadarzana kI jJAnaviSayaka prakriyA kI carcA kI hai| pahale use samajhanA Avazyaka hai| kyoMki use samajhe binA yahA~ kA rahasya samajha meM nahIM A sktaa| 'ghaTa aura paTa Adi viSayoM kA jo jJAna hotA hai ; usake viSaya ghaTa-paTa Adi hote haiM aura ve jJAna ke prati kAraNa hote haiN| isaliye ghaTa-paTa Adi viSayoM kI sattA jJAna se pahale rahatI hai, isa siddhAnta ko sabhI dArthanika mAnate haiN| parantu jJAna kA phala kyA hotA hai isa viSaya meM nyAya aura mImAMsAdarzana ke siddhAntoM meM matabheda hai / vaha isa prakAra hai - nyAyadarzana anuvyavasAya siddhAnta ko mAnatA hai| ghaTa yA nIlAdi viSayoM kA grahaNa to pratyakSAdi pramANoM se ho jAtA hai| parantu jJAna kA jJAna kaise hotA hai ; isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke liye naiyAyika 'anuvyavasAya' kI kalpanA karate haiM / 'anuvyavasAya' kA artha hai jJAna ke liye anugata jJAna yA jJAna kA jJAna / pahale pratyakSa se "aya

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120 kAvya-prakAzaH cendriyasya jJAnadvArA phalaM, saMvittirvyavasAyarUpA sAkSAdeva, evaM ca kArikAyAM jJAnapadaM karaNavyutpannamevetyAhu: | nanu kIdRzamatrAnumAnam ? na tAvaddhetuphale anyavyApAragocare kAryakAraNabhAvApannatvAdityAkArakaM, pratyakSa prakaTatayodRSTAntayoH sAdhyavaikalyAt, na ca zaityapAvanatvAdikaM tIrajJAnabhinnaM tatphalatvAt tIrajJAnAhitajJAtatAvadityAkArakamiti vAcyaM siddhasAdhanAt phalatvasya janyatvarUpatve svarUpAsiddheH, janyapratItiviSayatvarUpatve prakaTatArUpadRSTAnte sAdhanavaikalyAt, atha zaityAdijJAnameva phalaM na ghaTaH" isa prakAra kA jJAna hotA hai| isake bAda 'ghaTa-viSayaka jJAnavAn aham' athavA 'ghaTamahaM jAnAmi' isa prakAra kA jJAna hotA hai / inameM "ayaM ghaTaH " yaha jJAna pahalA jJAna hai, yaha 'vyavasAya' kahalAtA hai| dUsarA jJAna 'maiM ghaTa ko jAnatA hU~ yA mujhe ghaTa kA jJAna hai' bAda meM hotA hai / yaha dUsarA jJAna 'anuvyavasAya' kahalAtA hai / "ayaM ghaTaH " isa prathama jJAna kA viSaya ghaTa hotA hai aura 'ghaTamahaM jAnAmi' yA 'ghaTaviSayakajJAnavAnaham" isa dUsare jJAna kA viSaya 'ghaTajJAna' hai / pahalA vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna apane viSaya 'ghaTa' se utpanna hotA hai usI prakAra dUsarA jJAna apane viSaya vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna se utpanna hotA hai| isIliye dUsarA jJAna 'anuvyavasAya' kahalAtA hai / anuvyavasAya 'ghaTa' jJAna kA phala huA / isa taraha ghaTa jJAna ke viSaya 'ghaTa' se usa 'ghaTa' jJAna kA phala anuvyavasAya bhinna hai / isalie viSaya aura jJAna ke phala alaga-alaga hone cAhie ina donoM meM kAraNa kAryabhAva sambandha hai / isalie ina donoM kI utpatti samakAlIna nahIM mAnI jA sktii| ataH viziSTa meM lakSaNA svIkAra nahIM kara sakate / "hetu aura phala donoM alaga alaga haiM" isa tathya ko siddha karane ke lie jo anumAna kiyA jAyagA usakA svarUpa kyA hogA ? hetu aura phala donoM alaga-alaga vyApAragocara (gamya ) haiM kyoMki una donoM meM kArya kAraNabhAva haiM jinameM kArya kAraNabhAva sambandha rahate haiM ve donoM pRthak-pRthak vyApAragamya huA karate haiM jaise pratyakSajJAna kA kAraNa nIlAdi aura phala prakaTatA donoM alaga-alaga vyApAra- gocara haiM isa prakAra "hetuphale tAvadanyavyApAragocare kAryakAraNabhAvApannatvAd yathA pratyakSaM prakaTate" yaha anumAna kA svarUpa mAna nahIM sakate; kyoMki pratyakSa aura prakaTatArUpa dRSTAnta kA koI ( sAdhya) udAharaNa sthala nahIM hai / zaityapAvanatvAdika tIrajJAna se bhinna haiM, kyoMki ve (zItatva-pAvanatvAdika) tIrajJAna ke phala haiM, tIrajJAna se Ahita ( utpanna ) jJAtatA kI taraha ( zaityapAvanatvAdikaM tIrajJAnabhinnaM tatphalatvAt, tIrajJAnAhitajJAtatAvat ), aisA anumAna mAnanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM siddhasAdhana doSa AtA hai| tIrajJAnabhinnatva jo pahale se hI siddha hai, use hI siddha karane ke kAraNa siddhasAdhana doSa spaSTa hai| dUsarA doSa yaha hai ki yadi phalatva ko janyasvAtmaka mAneM to svarUpAsiddha doSa hogA kyoMki janyatvarUpa kI hI asiddhi hai| yadi phalatva ko janyapratItiviSayatvAtmaka mAneM to prakaTatArUpa dRSTAnta meM hetu kA abhAva hone se anumAna nahIM hogA / 'yadi zaityAdijJAna ko hI phala mAneM aura zaityAdi ko phala na mAneM; taba to anumAna ho jAyegA' aisA mAnane para una granthoM ke sAtha vizeSa AyagA; jahA~ zaitya pAvanatvAdi ko phala kahA gayA hai| isa virodha ke parihAra ke lie yaha mAnanA par3egA ki yadyapi zaityAdijJAna hI phala hai, zaityAdi nahIM, tathApi jJAnarUpa phala kA viSaya hone ke kAraNa zaityAdi ko bhI phala usI taraha kahA gayA hai jaisA ki ghaTajJAna ke zakya hone para bhI zakayajJAna ke viSaya hone ke kAraNa ghaTa Adi ko loga zakya kaha dete haiN| isa taraha yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki "zaityAdijJAna tIrajJAna

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dvitIya ullAsa: tu zaityAdi kvacit phalatvoktizca jJAnarUpaphalaviSayatayA zakyajJAnaviSayatayA ghaTAdeH zakyatvoktivat tathA ca zaityAdijJAnaM torajJAnAd bhinnaM torajJAnajanyatvAt tajjanyajJAtatAheyopAdeya-jJAnavadityanumAnamiti ced ? na / zaityatIrayobhinnabhinnajJAnaviSayatAyA api sambhavena siddhasAdhanAt, viziSTalakSaNAvAdimate svarUpAsiddheH, tIravizeSaNakaviziSTajJAne vyabhicArAcca / nanu karaNaphalaM karaNaviSayabhinnaM karaNaphalatvAd jJAtatAvat, yadvA karaNaviSayaH karaNapha karaNaviSayanIlAdijJAnavata, karaNaM ca phalAyogavyavacchinnaM kAraNaM zabde vAkyasambandhAdiH pratyakSe cendriyasannikarSAdiH, viSayatA ca vyaapaaraanubndhinii| vivakSitAnumitizca pakSatAvacchedakAvacchedena sAdhyaviSayiNI vivakSitA'to na pakSatAvacchedakahetvorabhedanibandhana siddha-sAdhanAvakAza iti ced, na, phalatvasya janyatvarUpatve siddhasAdhanAt, janyapratItiviSayatvarUpatve bAdhAt, hetoH sAdhyAbhAvavyApyatvena viruddhatvAcca, nApi karaNaM svaviSayabhinna-phalakaM karaNatvAt jJAtatAkaraNavadityanuse bhinna hai, kyoMki vaha zatyAdijJAna tIrajJAna se janya hai (utpanna hotA hai) jaise ki pratyakSa jJAna se janyajJAtatA arthAta heya aura upAdeya kA jJAna pratyakSajJAna se bhinna hotA hai|" parantu isa prakAra se anumAna kA svarUpa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki zaitya aura tIra kabhI bhinna-bhinna jJAnoM ke viSaya bhI bana sakate haiM; usa samaya siddhasAdhana doSa aaygaa| vahA~ janya-janakabhAva bhI nahIM hogaa| viziSTa meM-zaityAdiviziSTa tIra meM lakSaNA mAnanevAloM ke mata meM svarUpAsiddha doSa bhI ho jAyagA / jaise "zabdo guNaH cAkSuSatvAt" isa anumAna meM cAkSuSatvarUpa hetu za taraha viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnane para zaityAdijJAnaviziSTa tIrajJAna meM pUrvokta janyajanakabhAva siddha nahIM hotA; isalie pakSa meM hetu ke nahIM rahane ke kAraNa svarUpAsiddha doSa AyagA / tIra-vizeSaNaka-viziSTa jJAna meM arthAt 'tIraniSThaM zaMtyAdikam' isa jJAna meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ke viparIta hone ke kAraNaM pUrvokta janyajanakabhAva meM vyabhicAra bhI aaygaa|' acchA; 'karaNa kA phala karaNa ke viSaya se bhinna hotA hai kyoMki vaha karaNa kA phala hai yathA jJAtatA' aisA anumAna kA svarUpa mAneMge to jaise pratyakSajJAna ke karaNa cakSarAdi indriya ke viSaya nIlaghaTa se usakA phala jJAtatA bhinna hotI hai isI taraha lakSaNArUpI karaNa kA viSaya tIrAdi aura usake phala zaityAdi donoM ko alaga-alaga honA cAhiye / athavA karaNa kA viSaya karaNa ke phala se bhinna hotA hai karaNa kA viSaya hone se, pratyakSa kA karaNa cakSurAdi indriya kA viSaya nIlAdi jJAna, jaise usake phala jJAtatA se bhinna hotA hai| yahAM karaNa kA tAtparya hai phalAyogavyavacchinna kAraNa / arthAt usa kAraNa ko karaNa kaheMge jo phala ke sambandha se rahita na ho / zabda meM vAcyasambandhAdi aisA kAraNa hai isalie use karaNa kaheMge aura pratyakSasthala meM indriyasaMnikarSAdi karaNa mAne jaaygeN| viSayatA ko vyApArAnubandhinI maaneNge| abhISTa anumiti meM pakSatAvacchedakAvacchedana vivakSita hai arthAt jitane pakSa haiM, sabhI anumAna ke viSaya haiM aura sabhI saMdigdhasAdhyavAn haiM isalie pakSatAvacchedaka aura hetu donoM meM abheda hone ke kAraNa siddha-sAdhanadoSa ke lie koI avakAza nahIM rhegaa| parantu aisA bhI anumAna kA svarUpa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kyoMki anumAna ke isa svarUpa meM phalatva ko yadi janyatvarUpa mAneM to siddhasAdhanadoSa hogA, kyoMki phala meM karaNajanyatva pahale se hI siddha hai| agara phalatva ko janyapratItiviSayatvarUpa mAneM to bAdha nAmaka hetvAbhAsa doSa AyagA / jaise "vahniH anuSNaH dravyatvAt" isa anumAna meM bAdhadoSa hai kyoMki "yasya sAdhyAbhAvaH pramANAntareNa nizcitaH sa hetuH na sadhetuH kintvasaddhetuH" dravyatvarUpa hetu kA sAdhya anuSNatva hai, usakA abhAva uSNatva

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122 kAvyaprakAza mAnaM, phalatvasya janyatvarUpatve siddhasAdhanAt, janyapratItiviSayatvarUpatve sAdhyaghaTakAnyonyAbhAvasya sAmAnyAbhAvatve sAdhyAprasiddhaH, vizeSAbhAvatve siddhasAdhanApatterantaratApattezceti / atha 'zatyajJAnaM tIrajJAnotpattikAlabhinnakAlotpattikaM tIrajJAnaphalatvAdityanumAnaM yad yatphalaM tattadbhinnakAlotpattikam ityatra jJAtatAdidRSTAnta iti ced, na, siddhasAdhanAt, tAdRzabhinnakAlamAtrotpattikatve sAdhye bAdhAt, viziSTalakSaNAvAdinA zaityAdipratItestIrajJAnaphalatvAnabhyupagamena svarUpAsiddhezca, adhikasyArthasya pratipattizca prayojanamityasya bhinnaprakArakapratipattyarthamavAcakapadaprayogo na ta -kAlIna pratyakSapramANa se siddha hai isalie yaha hetu bAdhita hai aura yahAM bAdhadoSa hai| isI taraha phala ko yadi janyapratItiviSayatva mAneM to vahA~ "janyapratItiviSayatvAt" isa hetu ke kAraNa jisa karaNaphala ko karaNaviSayabhinna siddha karanA cAheMge usa karaNaphala meM karaNaviSayatva siddha ho rahA hai, ata: una lakSaNAvAdiyoM ke mata meM jo viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnate haiM isa taraha 'bAdha' A jAyagA / hetu sAdhyAbhAvasthala meM vyApya hai isalie "sAdhyAbhAvavyApyo hetuviruddhaH" isa lakSaNa ke anusAra viruddhanAmaka hetvAbhAsa bhI hai| viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnanevAloM ke mata meM karaNa kA viSaya aura phala eka hI hone kAraNa karaNaviSaya-bhinnAbhAva arthAta karaNaviSaya meM karaNaphalatva bhI vidyamAna hai| "karaNa svaviSaya se bhinna phalavAlA hotA hai kyoMki vahAM karaNatva hai, jahA~-jahA~ karaNatva hai vahAM-vahAM viSaya se phala bhinna hotA dekhA gayA hai / jaise jJAtatArUpI phala ke karaNa pratyakSa kA viSaya nIla-ghaTAdi-jJAtatA se pRthak dekhA gayA hai" aisA anumAna bhI nahIM ho sktaa| isa anumAna meM bhI phalatva ko yadi janyarUpa mAneM to siddha-sAdhana doSa hogA, phalatva ko yadi janyapratItiviSayatvarUpa mAneM, to sAdhyaghaTaka anyonyAbhAva ko sAmAnyAbhAva mAnane para sAdhya kI aprasiddhi ho jAyagI / tAtparya yaha hai ki "svaviSayabhinnaphalakam" meM bhinna kA artha hai anyonyAbhAva / una anyonyAbhAvagata abhAva ko yadi sAmAnyAbhAva mAne to sAdhya kI aprasiddhi ho jaaygii| yadi sAdhyaghaTaka abhAva ko vizeSAbhAva mAneM to siddha sAdhanadoSa hogA aura arthAntara-siddhi-prayukta doSa bhI hogaa| yadi kaheM ki 'zaityajJAna, tIrajJAnotpatti kAla se bhinna kAla meM utpanna honevAlA jJAna hai, kyoMki vaha (zaityajJAna) tIrajJAna kA phala hai aisA anumAna mAnege, jo jisakA phala hotA hai vaha usase bhinna kAla meM utpanna huA karatA hai jaise jJAtatA Adi; isa prakAra dRSTAnta kI yojanA bhI ho jAegI to yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hogA, isa kathana meM bhI siddha sAdhana doSa hai| pUrvokta bhinnakAlotpatti ko sAdhya mAnane meM bAdha doSa bhI hai / kyoMki kAvya meM aise udAharaNa bhI milate haiM jahA~ phalajJAna aura kAraNajJAna eka sAtha hotA hai jaise "AliGganti samaM deva ! jyAM zarAzca parAzca te" yahA~ zatru ke pRthvI para giranA (kArya) phala aura pratyaJcA se zara ke samparkarUpa kAraNa donoM kA kAla samAna dikhAyA gayA hai| isa taraha anubhUti ke dvArA phalajJAna aura kAraNajJAna kI samakAlInatA siddha hogI aura anumAna ke dvArA bhinnkaaliintaa| isa taraha yaha anumAna "vahniranuSNaH dravyatvAt" ke pratyakSabAdhita anumAna kI taraha hogA aura yahAM kA hetu bAdhita nAmaka hetvAbhAsa se duSTa hogaa| (phala) viziSTa tIra meM lakSaNA mAnanevAle zaityAdi pratIti ko tIrajJAna ke phala ke rUpa meM nahIM mAnate haiM aura unheM zaityAdi kI pratIti tIrajJAna ke phala ke rUpa meM bhAsita bhI nahIM hotI hai, isI sthiti meM svarUpAsiddhi nAmaka hetvAbhAsa hogaa| vRtti meM jo yaha likhA huA hai "gaGgAyAstaTe ghoSaH ityato'dhikasyArthasya pratItizca prayojanama" arthAt gaGgA ke taTa para ghoSa hai isase adhika pAvanatvAdi viziSTa tIra artha kI pratIti (usa lakSaNA kA) prayojana

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dvitIya ullAsaH 123 pratItyantarArtha ityartha iti / atra brUmaH - 'zakyasambandhagrahe zaktijanyapadArthasmaraNe vA yaH prakAratayA bhAsate sa eva lakSaNAjanyabodhe prakAratayA bhAsata' iti niyamaH, anyathA'tipraGgAt tAdRzazca prakArastIratvaM gaGgAtvaM vA tallakSaNAjanyabodhe prakAro'stu zaityapAvanatvaM tu na tatheti na prakAra iti tAtparyam / akSarArthastu jJAnasya zakyasambandhajJAnarUpasya zaktijanyapadArthasmaraNarUpasya vA viSayo'nyastIratvagaGgAtvarUpaH, phalaM lakSaNAjanyaM jJAnamanyadanyaprakArakaM tvayodAhRtaM hi yata iti / nanu 'kAraNIbhUte yaH prakAratayA bhAsate va kArye'pIti' niyamo jJAtatAyAM vyabhicArI tasyA niSprakArakatvAt, kAraNIbhUte yaH prakAratayA bhAsate sa kArthIbhUte tadanyo neti niyamo'pi tathA', kAraNIbhUtacAkSuSajJAna-prakAranIlatvAnyasya heyatvAdeH kAryabhUtajJAne prakAratvAdityata Aha- pratyakSAderiti / tathA ca pratyakSAdAvayaM vyabhicArastvayopanyasto na ca / hai" isakA tAtparya yaha lenA cAhie ki "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" meM gaGgAyAstaTe ghoSaH yahA~ kI apekSA bhinna prakAraka pratipatti ke lie avAcaka zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / isakA tAtparya yaha kathamapi nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki gaGgAyAstaTe ghoSaH yahA~ nahIM pratIta honevAle zaityAdi artha kI pratIti 'gaGgAyAM ghoSa:' meM lakSyapratIti ke bAda hotI hai / yadi anumAna ke pUrvokta svarUpa nahIM ho sakate haiM to usakA svarUpa kyA ho sakatA hai isa prazna ke sambandha meM hamArA kathana isa prakAra rahegA : zakya (artha) ke sambandha-jJAna meM yA zaktijanya padArtha ke smaraNa meM jo prakAra (vizeSaNa) banakara bhAsita hotA hai vahI lakSaNAjanya bodha meM prakAra banakara bhAsita hotA hai, yaha niyama hai, yadi aisA na mAneM to ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA, usa taraha kA prakAra (vizeSaNa) tIratva ko mAneM yA gaGgAtva ko mAneM, vahI tIratva yA gaGgAtvalakSaNAjanya bodha meM prakAra ho sakatA hai zaitya aura pAvanatva, to vaisA nahIM hai arthAt zakyasambandhagraha meM yA zaktijanya padArthasmaraNa meM zaitya aura pAvanatva prakAratayA bhAsita nahIM hotA isalie vaha lakSaNAjanya bodha meM bhI bhAsita nahIM hogA / 'ataH usakI pratIti ke lie vyaJjanAvyApAra kI AvazyakatA hai / "jJAnasya viSayo hyanyaH phalamanyadudAhRtam " isa kArikA kA akSarArthaM isa prakAra mAnanA cAhie - jJAnasya arthAt zakyasambandha jJAna kA yA zaktijanyapadArthasmaraNarUpa jJAna kA viSaya anya hai arthAt tIratva yA gaGgAtvarUpa viSaya anya hai aura phala yAne lakSaNAjanyajJAna kucha aura hai arthAt lakSaNAjanyajJAna anyaprakAraka hai " tvayA udAhRtam" tUne yaha dikhAyA hai ise prakaTa karane ke lie 'hi' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| kAraNa meM jo vizeSaNa banakara bhAsita ho, vahI kArya meM vizeSaNa banakara bhAsita ho, yaha niyama jJAtatA meM vyabhicArI hai, kharA nahIM utaratA hai kyoMki jJAtatA kA kAraNa pratyakSajJAna meM ghaTatvaprakAra banakara bhAsita hotA hai aura jJAtatA meM vizeSaNarUpa meM kucha bhI bhASita nahIM hotA kyoMki jJAtatA niSprakAraka mAnI jAtI hai / isa taraha kAraNIbhUta vastu meM jo prakAratayA bhAsita ho, kAryabhUta tatva meM usake atirikta yA usase anya koI padArthaM vizeSaNa kara bhAsita nahIM ho sakatA, yaha niyama bhI vyabhicArI hai, kyoMki pratyakSa sthala meM jJAtatA ke kAraNIbhUta cAkSuSajJAna meM prakAra (vizeSaNa) banakara bhAsita honevAle nIlatva se bhinna heyatva aura upAdeyatva Adi kAryabhUta jJAna meM prakAra banakara bhAsita hotA hai inhIM tAtpayoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara vRtti meM likhate haiM- 'pratyakSAde : nIlatvAdi:' ityAdi / isa taraha isakA tAtparya huA ki pratyakSAdi meM jo vyabhicAra ( viSaya aura phala ke eka sAtha hone kA vyabhicAra ) Apane 1. Ti0...... vyabhicAri /

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124 kAvyaprakAza [sU0 30] viziSTe lakSaNA naivaM - tatsAdhAraNyena niyamo mamAbhidhitsito'pi tu yaddharmAvacchinnatayopasthitasyaiva yatra zakyasambandhagrahastatra taddharmaprakAraka eva zAbdabodhaH; yacchabdAbhidhAjanyopasthitau yatra yaH prakAratayA bhAsate tacchandavRttilakSaNAjanyopasthitAvapi tatra sa eveti niyamo vA; ato na vyabhicAra ityarthaH / na cAdyaniyamasya kAkebhya ityatra vyabhicAraH, tatrApi dadhyupaghAtakatvenopasthiteSu vaktrekajJAnaviSayatvarUpazakyasambandhAbhyupagamAt, evaM kuntAH pravizantItyatrApi kuntavattvenopasthite kuntasaMyogagrahaH, kuntavattvaM ca kuntanirUpitAdhikaraNatAkhyaH svarUpasambandhavizeSo na tu saMyogaH padAvacchedena tatsaMyoge'pi kuntavattvApratyayAditi bhAvaH / / dikhAyA hai, vaha niyama sAdhAraNyena nahIM bana sakatA / mere vicAra meM vaha vyabhicAra sarvatra lAgU nahIM hotaa| vaha niyama sAdhAraNa niyama hai, yaha maiM nahIM kahanA cAhatA kintu maiM yaha kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki yaddharmAvacchinnatayA upasthita kA jahA~ zakyasambandhagraha hotA hai, vahA~ taddharmaprakAraka hI zAbdabodha hogaa| jisa zabda kI abhidhAjanya upasthiti meM jahA~ jo prakAra banakara bhAsita hotA hai, usa zabda meM rahanevAlI lakSaNA se utpanna upasthiti meM bhI vahAM vahI niyama hogaa| isIlie kisI prakAra kA vyabhicAra nahIM hogaa| "kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm" yahA~ prathama niyama kA vyabhicAra nahIM mAnanA cAhie / yadyapi vahA~ kAkatvadharmAvacchinnatayA upasthita kA hI zakyasambandhagraha huA hai aura zAbdabodha meM kAkatva-dharmaprakAraka kA hI zAbdabodha nahIM hotA apitu biDAlAdi anya sakala dapupaghAtaka kA bhI prakAratayA zAbdabodha meM praveza hotA hai, isa taraha niyama meM vyabhicAra kI pratIti hotI hai tathApi vahA~ dadhyupaghAtakatvena upasthita sakala biDAlAdi jantuoM meM zakyasambandha mAna liyA gayA hai kyoMki vaktA ke eka jJAna ke ve sabhI viSaya haiM isalie vaktA kA ekajJAnaviSayatvarUpa zakyasambandha una sabhI meM mAnA jA sakatA hai| isI taraha 'kuntAH pravizanti' yahA~ bhI kuntavattvena upasthita (puruSa) meM kuntasayogagraha mAnA jaaygaa| 'kuntavattva kA tAtparya kuntanirUpita adhikaraNatA' hai aura kuntanirUpita adhikaraNatA nAmaka yahI svarUpa sambandha vizeSa hai, kuntasaMyoga nahIM hai kyoMki kuntapadAvacchedena tatsaMyoga hone para bhI abhISTa kuntavatva kI pratIti nahIM hogii| arthAt saMyogarUpa sambandha lene para "kuntasaMyuktAH puruSAH pravizanti" isa prakAra kA bodha hone para 'kuntavantaH pravizanti' yaha abhISTa bodha nahIM hogaa| kisI ne jo yaha kahA ki "jitane ke binA anvaya kI anupapatti ho utane kI pratIti hI lakSaNA se dvArA hotI hai utanA hI lakSaNAjanya-jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai| zaityAdi ke binA anvaya meM kisI prakAra kI anapapatti nahIM AtI; isalie zaityAdi ko lakSaNAbodhya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki nibiDa (Thosa) dravyamAtra ke binA anvayopapatti hogI hI nahIM, ghoSa to Thosa pRthivyAdi AdhAra para basa sakatA hai| isalie 'gaGgAyAM ghoSaH' ityAdi sthala meM Thosa dravyamAtra meM lakSaNA ke sambhava hone para tatsaMsarga meM Thosapana ke nizcaya ke abhAva meM lakSaNA nahIM hogii| isa taraha upasaMhAra karate hue likhate haiM ki "viziSTe lakSaNA nNvm"| 'viziSTe kA yahAM artha hai zaitya-pAvanAtvAdi viziSTa /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 125 yattu yAvatA vinA'nvayAnupapattistAvata eva lakSaNAjanyajJAnaviSayatvaM na ca zaityAdinA vinA kAcidanupapattiH iti na lakSaNAjanyajJAnaviSayatvaM zaityAderiti, tanna, evaM sati nibiDadravyamAnaM vinA'nvayopapatterabhAvAt tanmAtraviSayatApattau tIratvatatsaMsarge'pi tadviSayatAnApatteH / upasaMharati--viziSTa iti, zaityapAvanatvAdiviziSTa ityarthaH / vayaM tu yayukta-niyamadvayabalAnna zaityAdiviziSTe lakSaNA tadA tIratvAdiviziSTe'pi sA mA'stu, AkAzapadAcchabdAzrayatvAderiva tIratvAderapi vRtti vinaivoktaniyamadvayabalAdeva bhAnopapatterityata Aha-viziSTa iti / tIratvAdiviziSTa ityarthaH / evaM niyamadvayasvIkAra ityarthaH, tathA ceSTApattirevAtrati bhAvaH / anyacca-kanakalatAyAM giridvayaM jAta'mityAdau gauratvakaThinatvAdervyaGgayasya lakSyatAvacchedakatve vaipriitybodhaapttiH| kiJca lakSaNAmUlavyaGgayasya lakSyatAvacchedakatve'bhidhAmUlavyaGgayasyApi zakyatAvacchedakatvApattiH yuktisAmyAditi yuktmutpshyaamH| syAdetat, vRttivyatirekeNa bodhApattiH, vRttizca tIrarUpalakSyatIratvarUpalakSyatAvacchedakayoH mere vicAra meM to "viziSTe lakSaNA naivam" isa grantha kA tAtparya isa prakAra hai| granthakAra batAnA cAhate haiM ki yadi ukta donoM niyama ke bala se zaityAdi-viziSTa meM lakSaNA nahIM ho sakatI to tIratvAdiviziSTa meM bhI lakSaNA nahIM kareMge jaise AkAzapada se vRtti ke binA bhI jaise zabdAzrayatvAdi kA bhAna zAbdabodha meM hotA hai usI taraha tIratvAdi kI bhI vRtti ke binA pUrvokta niyamadvaya ke bala se hI bhAna ho jAyagA, isI Azaya se granthakAra ne likhA hai-"viziSTe lakSaNA naivam / " 'viziSTe' kA tAtparya hai:-tIratvAdi viziSTa meM / 'evam' kA artha hai-donoM niyamoM ke svIkAra karane para / isI taraha pUre sUtra kA artha huA ki 'niyamadvaya svIkAra karane para zaityAdi viziSTatIra meM jaise lakSaNA nahIM ho sakatI; usa taraha tIratvAdi-viziSTa meM bhI yadi lakSaNA nahIM hogI, to na ho, lakSaNA ke binA hI pUrvokta donoM niyamoM ke bala para AkAza pada se binA vRtti ke jaise zabdAzrayatva kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai usI prakAra vRtti ke binA hI tIratvAdi kI upasthiti ho jaaygii|' isa taraha yahA~ tIratvAdi kI upasthiti ke lie lakSaNA kI koI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai| isI taraha yahA~ lakSaNA na honA, aniSTa nahIM kintu iSTa hI hai| eka bAta aura hai, ki aise sthaloM meM lakSaNA mAnane para kisI gauravarNA taruNI ke stanoM ko lakSya karake jo kahA gayA hai- 'kanakalatAyAM giridvayaM jAtam" arthAta suvarNa ko latA meM do parvata utpanna ho gae haiN| Aja taka parvatoM meM latAeM utpanna hotI thIM ; parantu Aja yaha viparIta dekhA jA rahA hai ki sone kI latA meM do parvata utpanna ho gae haiN| yahA~ 'kanakalatA' aura 'giridvaya' pada meM yadi lakSaNA mAne tathA unakA artha zarIra aura stanadvaya kareM to prayojanavatI lakSaNA hone ke kAraNa atizaya gauravarNatva aura kaThinatvAdi ko vyaGgya mAnanA par3egA aura usa vyaGgya ko lakSyatAvaccheda mAnane se abhISTa bodha ke viparIta bodha hone lagegA / tAtparya yaha hai ki yahAM "adhunA tadviparItam" ke dvArA prasiddha bodha ke viparIta bodha abhISTa hai ; isa prakAra ke bodha ko lakSya karake hI mammaTa ne 'maGgalazloka meM kavi sRSTi ko' niyatikRta-niyama-rahita batAyA hai| yadi lakSaNA ke dvArA kanakalatA kA artha gauravarNa zarIra kareM aura giridvayaM kA artha stana mAneM to brahmasRSTivilakSaNatA kI pratIti nahIM hogii| isa taraha kavi ke vivakSita artha kI pratIti yahA~ lakSaNA mAnane para nahIM hogii| dUsarI bAta yaha ki yadi lakSaNAmA prakRtyAnvitasvArthabodhakatvam / para abhidhAmUlaka vyaGgya ko zakyatATa)

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126 kAvyaprakAza zakyasambandharUpAnaketi lakSaNAntaramAstheyam, AstheyaM ca zaktibhyAmAkhyAtarUpaikapadopasthApyayo:-kRtivattamAnatvayoriva lakSaNAbhyAM tIratIratvayorgaGgAtvatIratvayorvA vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvApannatayaikazAbdabodhaviSayatvam, na caivaM zaktyA gaGgAtvasya lakSaNayA tIrasyopasthitau tayoviziSTabodho'stu kiM lakSaNAntareNeti vAcyam, svAtantryeNa gaGgAtvasya vA ghoSAdhikaraNatAnupapAdakatvAnna ghoSAdhikaraNasyAnupapattiH prayojikA, na vA prayojanAntarapratipatti pi 'yena rUpeNopasthite zakyasambandhagraha' ityAdi niyamasyApekSeti na kvApi lakSaNAyAM teSAmapekSA, tathA ca lakSyatIralakSyatAvacchedakazaityayorapi lakSaNAbhyAmekatra va bodho'stu na caivaM ko'pi doSa iti / atra bramaH-lakSyatAvacchedakasya prakArAntareNopasthitisambhavena tatra lakSaNA na kalpyate, ananyalabhyasyeva vattipratipAdyatvAt vatyUpasthApitasyava zAbdabodhaviSayatvamiti niyamazca saMsarge AkAzapadajanyabodha-viSayazabdAzrayatve ca vyabhicArI, anyathA kuntAH pravizantItyatra astu; vRtti ke binA hI tIratvAdi kA zAbdabodha meM bhAna mAne to hameM yahA~ anekavRttiyo mAnanI cAhie kyoMki tIrarUpa meM lakSyArtha ke sAtha zakyArtha kA jo sambandha hai, tIratvarUpa lakSyatAvacchedaka kA zakyArtha ke sAtha kA sambandha usase alaga hai| isalie lakSaNAvAdI ko donoM kI pratIti ke lie alaga-alaga lakSaNA mAnanI hogI aura lakSaNAdvaya se upasthita tIra aura tIratva meM yA gaGagA aura tIratva meM vizeSaNa aura vizeSyabhAva se yukta eka .. zAbdabodha bhI usI taraha mAnanA hogA jisa taraha ki 'pacati, gacchati' ityAdi AkhyAtapadoM meM zaktidvaya ke dvArA ekapadopasthApita kRti (dhAtvartha) aura vartamAnatva (pratyayArtha) meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ke kAraNa eka zAbdabodha mAnate haiN| isa taraha zakti se gar3agAtva kI aura lakSaNA se tIra kI upasthiti mAnane aura unameM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvasambandha svIkAra karane se viziSTa bodha ho sakatA hai, lakSaNAntara arthAt pUrvasvIkRta lakSaNA se bhinna lakSaNA yA alaga-alaga do lakSaNA mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie svAtantryeNa gaGgAtva kI upasthiti yahA~ abhISTa hai aura vaha lakSaNA se hI siddha ho sakatI hai| tIratva yA gaGgAtva hI ghoSAdhikaraNatA kA anupapAdaka hai isalie ghoSa ke adhikaraNatva kI anupapatti lakSaNA meM sAdhaka nahIM ho sakatI aura yahA~ prayojanAntara (anya prayojanoM) kI pratipatti bhI nahIM hogI aura na "yena rUpeNopasthite zakyasambandhagraha" ityAdi niyama kI apekSA hI hai, kahIM bhI lakSaNA meM unakI apekSA nahIM hotI hai isa taraha lakSya tIra aura lakSyatAvacchedaka zaitya donoM kI lakSaNA se sammilita (saha) bodha ho jAyagA, aisA mAnane para koI doSa nahIM hogaa| isa sambandha meM hama (kucha) kahanA cAhate haiN| pahalI bAta yaha hai ki lakSyatAvacchedaka kI yadi upasthiti prakArAntara se sambhava ho, to usakI upasthiti ke lie lakSaNA kI kalpanA nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki siddhAnta yaha hai ki jo anyalabhya na ho usI kI upasthiti ke lie vRtti kI kalpanA karanI caahie| "ananyalabhyo hi zabdArthaH" yaha siddhAnta hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki "vRttyopasthitasyaiva zAbdabodhe bhAnam" / zAbdabodha meM bhAna usI artha kA hotA hai jisakI upasthiti utti ke kara,DohI basasaha niyama saMsarga meM vyabhicarita hai / kyoMki vAkyajanya zAbdabodha meM hai zaitya-pAvanAtvAdi viziSTa / 'dotA hai unakI vRttyA upasthiti nahIM hotI hai|

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dvitIya ullAsaH / 127 kuntakuntatvayorapi zAbdabodhaviSayatArtha lakSaNAyAM lakSaNAtrayApatteH / kiJca lakSyatAvacchedake lakSaNAsvIkAre'pi tIrAMze tIratvasya gaGgAtvasya vA lakSyatAvacchedakatvAbhyupagame noktaniyamadvayApAyaH, tIrAMze tIratvagaGgAtvayoranyatarasya prakAratvAt tIrAMze tIratvagaGgAtvaprakArakasya tIratvagaGgAtvAMze niSprakArakasya zAbdabodhasyodayAt, zaityAdestIrAMze lakSyatAvacchedakatvAbhyupagame tu proktaniyamadvayApAya eva, tIratvenopasthite gaGgAsaMyogagraheNa zaityAdestadanyatvAd gaGgAzabdazaktijanyasmRti prakArIbhUtagaGgAtvAnyatvAcceti nAyamapi panthAH / nanu viziSTalakSaNApakSe lakSaNayaiva vaiziSTyAMzasyApi bhAnaM vizeSyamAtra lakSaNAyAM tu vizakalitatadubhayabhAnaM syAdityata Aha-vizeSA iti, lakSite tIrAdau - - AkAza pada se zabdAzrayatva kA bhI bodha hotA hai; kintu vahA~ zabdAzrayatva kI upasthiti vRttyA nahIM hotI hai| yadi yaha mAne ki jina arthoM kA. zAbdabodha meM bhAna hotA hai; unakI upasthiti kisI na kisI vRtti se honI hI cAhie taba to "kuntAH pravizanti" meM kunta aura kuntatva ko bhI zAbdabodha kA viSaya banAne ke lie unameM bhI lakSaNA mAnanI hogI aura isa taraha vahA~ tIna-tIna lakSaNA svIkAra karanA anivArya hogaa| tathA lakSyatAvacchedaka meM lakSaNA svIkAra karane para bhI tIra aMza meM tIratva yA gaGgAtva ko lakSyatAvacchedaka mAnane para ukta niyamadvaya kA bhaGga nahIM hogaa| tIra aMza meM tIratva aura gaGgAtva donoM meM se koI eka prakAra hai, isalie tIra aMza meM tIratva-gaGgAtvaprakAraka aura tIratvagaGgAtva aMza meM koI prakAra nahIM hai ataH niSprakAraka zAbdabodha hogaa| zaityAdi ko tIrAMza meM yadi lakSyatAvacchedaka mAneM to pUrvokta niyamadvaya kA bhaGga hogA hI; kyoMki tIratvena jisa (tIra) kI upasthiti huI hai; usameM gaGgA ke saMyoga kA bhAna hotA hai, zaityAdi to usase anya hai aura usa gaGgAtva se bhI anya hai jo gaGgA zabda kI zakti se janya smRti meM prakArI (vizeSaNI) bhUta hai isalie yaha bhI (nirduSTa) mArga nahIM ho sakatA / (isalie viziSTa meM lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jA sktii|) viziSTalakSaNAvAda meM (viziSTa meM lakSaNA mAnane kA jo pakSa hai usameM) lakSaNA se hI vaiziSTya aMza kA bhI bhAna ho jAyagA, vizeSyamAtra (tIra mAtra) meM lakSaNA mAnane para to alaga-alaga una donoM kA bhAna hogA; isalie kahate haiM-"vizeSAH syustu lakSite" / lakSita tIrAdi meM vizeSa arthAta tIratvAdi, vizeSaNarUpa meM pratIti ke viSaya hote haiN| satra meM "prakAratayA pratItiviSayAH" isakA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha yaha tAtparya nikalA ki jaise AkAzAdi pada se zabdAzrayatva Adi kA prakAratayA bhAna hotA hai; usI taraha lakSita tIrAdi meM tIratva Adi kA bhI prakAratayA bhAna ho jAyagA kintu zItatvAdi kA bhAna nahIM hogA kyoMki usakI upasthiti vRtti (abhidhAdi vatti meM se kisI vRtti) ke dvArA nahIM hai / isalie zItatvAdi upasthiti ko vRttijanyopasthiti banAne ke lie vyaJjanA mAnanI caahie| vRttyA anupasthita zaityAdi kA zAbdabodha meM bhAna nahIM mAna sakate; kyoMki pUrvokta do niyama zAbdabodha ke niyAmaka haiM isa taraha kisI vidvAn ne ukta sUtra kI vyAkhyA kI hai|* kisI ko vyAkhyA kucha aura hai-vaha kahatA haiM ki granthakAra ne socA ki yadi zaityAdi kA bhAna vyaJjanA se mAneMge, to usa zetyAdi kA bhAna tIraniSThatayA arthAt tIra meM kaise hogA? isI kA uttara dene ke lie 1. vRtyopasthitasya'va zAbdabodhe bhAnam (2) pratyayAnAM prakRtyaryAnvitasvArthabodhakatvam /

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128 ..kAvyaprakAza vyAkhyAtam / [sU0 31] vizeSAH syustu lakSite // 18 // vizeSAstIratvAdayaH syuH prakAratayA pratItiviSayA iti zeSaH / tathA ca yathA'kAzAdipadAcchabdAzrayatvAdeH prakAratayA bhAnaM tathA tIratvAderapi prakAratayA bhAnaM niyAmakatvAnniyamadvayasyeti bhAvaH / yadvA zaityAdervyaJjanayA bhAnAbhyupagame tIraniSThatayA kathaM bhAnamityata Aha-vizeSA iti / vizeSAH zaityapAvanatvAdayaH syurityanantaraM vyaJjanayA pratIti viSayA iti zeSaH, tathA ca vyaJjanayA viziSTasyaiva bodho na tu vizeSaNamAtrasyeti bhAva iti mama pratibhAti / . nanu vyaJjanayA'pi pratItirlakSyapratItikAle ? uttarakAle vA ? / nAdyaH, padArthajJAnaM vinA zabdamAtrasyAvyaJjakatvAt sahakArivirahAt, nAntyaH, zabdabuddhikarmaNAM viramyavyApArAyogAdityata Aha-vizeSA iti / lakSite lakSaNayA pratyAyite, tathA ca lakSyopasthityanantaraM vyaJjanayA vAkyaikavAkyatAvat prayojana mAdAyAnvayabodhasambhavAd vyaGgayarUpapratipAdyAparyavasAnAdAkAMkSAsattvAd / unhoMne yaha kArikA likhI hai "vizeSAH iti"| unake vicAra meM vizeSAH kA artha zaityapada aura pAvanatvAdi hai| "syuH" ke bAda ve "vyaJjanayA pratItiviSayAH" isa padasamUha kA 'zeSa' yA adhyAhAra mAnate haiM / isa taraha isa mata meM kArikA kA artha huA ki vyaJjanA ke dvArA viziSTa kA hI bodha hotA hai| kevala vizeSaNa kA (zaitya-pAvanatva) kA hI nhiiN| isa taraha TIkAkAra ne 'iti mama pratibhAti' likhakara yaha dikhAyA hai ki mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki usa vidvAn kA tAtparya aisA rahA hogA ! , astu, yaha mAnA ki zItatva-pAvatvAdiviziSTa tIra kI pratIti vyaJjanA se hotI hai; parantu yahA~ prazna yaha hai ki yaha pratIti lakSyArtha kI pratItikAla meM hotI hai athavA lakSyArtha kI pratIti ke bAda meM?' . prathama pakSa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; kyoMki jisake artha kA jJAna nahIM hai| usa zabda kA vyaJjaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai / arthAt arthaviziSTa zabda ko hI vyaJjaka mAnA gayA hai / isa taraha lakSyArtha ke pratIti-kAla meM jaba ki artha kA sphuTa jJAna nahIM huA hai; gaGgA Adi zabda ko vyaJjaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ataH lakSyArtha-pratItikAla meM vyaGgya-pratIti nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki zabda ko vyaJjaka banAne meM jisa artha kA sahakAra Avazyaka hotA hai; vaha sahakArI vahAM nahIM hai| dUsarA pakSa bhI yuktiyukta nahIM hai; kyoMki pUrvoktaM matAnusAra vyaJjanA jaba tIra artha ko batAkara virata ho cUkI to vaha zaityAdi ko batAne meM samartha nahIM ho sakegI; kyoMki 'zabdabuddhikarmaNAM viramya vyApArAbhAvaH' isa siddhAnta ke anusAra buddhi aura karma ke vyApAroM kI taraha zabda ke vyApAra bhI virata hone para kAryAntara karane meM samartha nahIM hote / isIlie yahA~ likhA gayA hai 'vizeSAH' / isa mata meM kArikA kA artha isa prakAra hai- lakSita arthAt lakSaNA ke dvArA pratyAyita (pratipAdita) artha meM vizeSa ho sakate haiM / arthAt pahale lakSaNA se kevala taTa kI upasthiti hogii| bAda meM lakSaNAmUlaka vyaJjanA se usa taTAdirUpa lakSya artha meM zaityAdiprayojanoM kI pratIti ho sakatI hai| pazya mRgo dhAvati" meM jaise vAkyakavAkyatA hotI hai usI taraha "gar3agAyAM ghoSaH" meM lakSyArtha (tIra) kI upasthiti hone ke bAda vyaJjanA ke dvArA prayojana kI upasthiti hogI aura una donoM meM anvaya ho skegaa|

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dvitIya ullAsaH 126 taTAdau ye vizeSAH pAvanatvAdayaste cAbhidhA-tAtparyalakSaNAbhyo vyApArAntareNa gamyAH / tacca vyaJjanadhvananadyotanAdizabdavAcyamavazyameSitavyam / / vRttyantareNa bodhe virAmadoSAbhAve'pi na kA'pyanupapattiriti bhAva iti paramAnandacakravartinaH / lakSita iti padaM vyaacsstte-tttaadaaviti| vizeSA ityasyArthamAha-pAvanatvAdaya iti / madIyAdyavyAkhyAnapakSe pAvanatvamAdau yeSAM te pAvanatvAdayaH tIratvAdaya ityarthaH / syurityanantaraM pUraNIyaM zeSamAha--te ceti, idaM cAntyapakSadvaye, AdyapakSe tu praghaTTakArthopasaMhAro'yamiti draSTavyam / tAtparyeti / tAparyasya saMsargamAtrabodhakatayA bhaTTa rvRttitvamaGgIkRtaM, na tu tasya padArthabodhArthamapi tairvRttitvamabhyupeyam, vRttyantarocchedApatteriti bhAvaH / vayaM tu-tAtparyapadenAtrA''kAGkSAyogyatA''sattyetat tritayamucyate, tAtparyArtho'pi keSucidityatra dvitIyavyAkhyAne teSAmeva tAtparyapadenAbhidhAnAt / tathA cAkAGkSAdInAmanvayabodhajanakatvAdirUpaparyavasitalakSaNAnAM dhamigrAhakamAnenAnvayAnubhavamAtrajanakatvameva, na tu padArthasmRtijanakatvamapi / tathA isalie lakSyArtha-pratIti ke uttarakAla meM vyaGgyArthapratIti mAnane meM koI kSati nahIM hai| vyaGgyarUpapratipAdya artha kI samApti nahIM hone se "pratItiparyavasAnaviraha" rUpa AkAMkSA vahA~ hai hii| vRttyantara ke dvArA honevAle bodha meM virAmadoSa yadi na bhI mAneM to koI doSa nahIM hogaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki tIra kI upasthiti lakSaNA se huI hai isalie usakI vRtti lakSaNAvRtti alaga hai aura zaityAdi kI upasthiti vyaJjanA se huI hai, ata: usakI vRtti vyaJjanA alaga hai / isalie virAmadoSa yahA~ nahIM laga sakatA ; hA~ yadi eka hI vRtti abhidhA yA lakSaNA yA vyaJjanA se mukhyArtha, AropitArtha, aura vyaGgyatvena abhimatArtha kI pratIti mAneM to doSa lagegA kyoMki eka artha ko batAkara kSINazaktika eka vyApAra dvitIya artha ko nahIM batA sakatA / yaha mata 'paramAnanda cakravartI kA hai| vRttikAra kArikA meM prayukta lakSita pada kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM:-taTAdau ityAdi / "vizeSAH" .kA artha kahate haiM "pAvanatvAdayaH" / TIkAkAra naiyAyika zrImunijI likhate haiM ki merI Adima vyAkhyA ke anusAra "pAvanatvAdayaH" kA vigraha hogA "pAvanatvam AdI yeSAm te pAvanatvAdayaH" aura artha hogA tIratvAdi / kyoMki "pAvanatvaviziSTa tIra" isa bodha meM pAvanatva prakAratA-sambandha se tIratva ke Adi meM hai| "syuH" isake bAda pUraNIya zeSa (jor3ane ke yogya AkAMkSita pada) batAte hue likhate haiM- 'te c'| "te ca" ityAdi paMkti dvArA pratipAdita tAtparya antima do pakSoM meM lenA cAhie / Adima pakSa meM to yaha sUtra sandarbha meM Aye hue artha kA upasaMhAra svarUpa hai| vRtti meM 'tAtparya' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tAtparya ko mImAMsakoM (bhaTTa mImAMsakoM) ne saMsarga vAkyagata sambandha mAtra bodha ke lie vRtti mAnA hai| unhoMne bhI ise padArthabodha ke lie vatti nahIM mAnA hai| ise yadi padArthabodhaka vRtti mAneM to abhidhAdi vatti meM se kisI eka vatti kA yA samasta vRttiyoM kA uccheda ho jAyegA; tAtparyavRtti se hI jaba mukhyArtha yA mukhyAdi kA bodha ho jAegA to una vRttiyoM ko mAnane se kyA lAbha ? hama to yahA~ yaha samajhate haiM ki tAtparya pada se yahA~ AkAMkSA, yogyatA aura Asatti ye tInoM abhipreta haiN| kyoMki "tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit" isa kArikA kI dvitIya vyAkhyA meM tAtparya pada se unhIM AkAMkSAdi kA abhidhAna hA hai| isa taraha spaSTa hai ki jina AkAMkSA, yogyatA Adi kA kArya anvayabodha karAnA mAtra hai; unameM dharmI grAhaka

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130 kAvya-prakAzaH evaM lakSaNAmUlaM vyaJjakatvamuktam / satyaparapadavyatirekaprayuktatvAderetallakSaNe pravezAnupapatteriti vilokayAmaH / vyApArAntaragamyatvasiddhAvapi kathaM vyaJjanAgamyatvasiddhirata Aha- tacceti / tathA ca pratItyanupapattyA sAdhite vastuni vivAdAbhAvAnAma tasya kimapi kriyatAM tatra nAsmAkamAgrahaH, nahi putramAtra sAdhikAyAH putreSTernAmakaraNe'pi bhAra iti bhAvamAkalayAmaH, lAkSaNikamAtrasyaiva vyaJjakatvamiti zaGkAM nirasyati evamiti, vayaM tu - svAyatte zabdaprayo'vAcakaprayogAnupapattirUpA'rthApattiH pramANaM vyaJjanAyAmityuktam / sA ca gaGgAyAM ghoSa ityAdI lAkSaNika pada eva na tu bhadrAtmana ityAdI vAcakapade'pi tathA ca tatrApi vRttyantaramAstheyam / evaM ca prakRte'pi tathaivopapattau kiM vyaJjanayetyata Aha - evamiti, tathA ca na svAyatta ityAdyarthApattireva . mAna (pramANa) se kevala antrayAnubhavajanakatA mAnI jAegI, ve padArthasmRtijanaka bhI nahIM mAne jAyeMge / yadi AkAMkSAdi padArtha smAraka bhI ho to AkAMkSA ke 'aparapadavyatireka prayuktAnvayAnanubhAvakatvam" isa lakSaNa meM "ApavyatirekayuktAdeH" aparapadArthavyatireka ityAdi kA niveza anvita ho jaaegaa| astu, pUrvokta granthoM se yaha to siddha huA ki prayojanavatI lakSaNA meM pratIta honevAlA prayojana vyApArAntara se (lakSaNA se bhinna vyApAra se) gamya hai kintu yaha kaise siddha huA ki vaha vyaJjanAgamya hai ? isake samAdhAna meM likhate haiM- 'tacca vyaJjanadhvanana' ityAdi tIrAdi lakSyArthaM meM pAvanatyAdi vizeSa (prayojanarUpa dharma) pratIta hote haiM, arthAt ve abhidhA, (kumArila bhaTTAdi svIkRta) tAtparyA tathA lakSaNA - vyApAra se bhinna kisI vyApAra se gamya / usa vyApArAntara kA nAma vyaJjana, dhvanana dyotana Adi meM se kucha bhI ho; nAmavizeSa ke lie merA durAgraha nahIM hai vaha vyApArAntara avazya mAnanA caahie| yahI bAta batAte hue TIkAkAra likhate haiM / 'zItatvapAvanasvAdi kI pratIti binA vRtti ke anupapanna hai isaliye usakI upapatti ke lie vRttirUpa vastu ke bAre meM jaba vivAda nahIM rahA taba usakA nAma kucha bhI rakhA jaay| isameM merA koI Agraha nahIM hai ki usa vRtti kA nAma yahI rakhA jAya / putra mAtra sAdhaka putreSTi yajJa ke nAmakaraNa meM kisI prakAra kI ulajhana hameM dikhAI nahIM pdd'tii| jaise putro - sattisAdhaka yajJa kA anvarthaM nAma 'putreSTi' hai; zItatvapAvanatvAdi vyaGgaya yA dhvani yA dyotya artha ke sAdhaka vyApAra kA nAma vyaJjanA yA dhvanana yA dyotana karane meM kisI prakAra kA durAgraha nahIM karanA caahie| jitane lAkSaNika zabda haiM, sabhI vyaMjaka haiM ? isa zaGkA kA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM :- "evaM lakSaNAmUlaM vyaJjakatvamuktam" iti / hamane to spaSTa kahA hai ki 'vyaJjanA kI sattA meM arthApatti pramANa hai / zabdaprayoga ko svAyatta mAnA gayA hai / arthAt zabdaprayoga vaktA ke adhIna hai| vaktA zabda kA prayoga isalie karatA hai ki zrotA ko bhI usake zrotA ne zItatva - pAvanatvAtizaya artha ko bhI bhAva yA tAtparya kA jJAna jaay| "gaGgAyAM ghoSaH" isa prayoga se jAnA hai aura use usa artha kA bhI zAbdabodha huA hai / zAbdabodha meM vahI artha praviSTa hotA hai jisakI upasthiti kisI na kisI vRtti ke dvArA hotI hai| isa taraha "yena vinA yadaniSpannaM tatte nAkSipyate" arthAt jisake binA jo nahIM ho sakatA usase usakA AkSepa hotA hai; jaise yadi yaha kaheM ki 'pIno'yaM devadattaH divA na bhuGkte" arthAt devadatta moTA hai para dina meM nahIM khAtA to bhojana ke binA moTepana kI anupapatti hone se yahAM rAtribhojana kA AkSepa hotA hai / isI taraha zItatva-pAvanatva kI pratIti ho rahI hai aura usakA vAcaka vahAM koI zabda hai hI nahIM; isase siddha hai ki vaha pratIti abhighAdi vRtti se atirikta kisI vRtti kI kRpA se ho rahI hai vaha vRtti vyaJjanA hai| isa taraha

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ritIya ullAsaH abhidhAmUlaM tvAha[sU0 32] anekArthasya zabdasya vAcakatve niyntrite| saMyogAdyairavAcyArthadhIkRvyApRtiraJjanam // 18 // tatra mAnamapi tu vAcyalakSyapratItapadArthAnupapattirUpA'rthApattireva sarvatra' vyaJjanAyAM mAnam ata eva [a] vAcyArthadhIkRdityAheti bhAva iti vyAcakSmahe / anekArthasyAnekatra gRhItazaktikasya saMyogAdyairvAcakatve niyantrita ityanvayaH / vAcakatvaM vAcakadharmo'bhidhaiva, avAcyeti, avAcyastadAnImabhidhAnupasthApyo yo' rthastasya dhIH smaraNaM tasya janiketyarthaH / vyApRtirvyApAraH, aJjanaM vyaJjanetyarthaH / nanu kimatrAbhidhAyA niyantraNaM? na tAvadagrahaNaM, tadgrahaNasya kozAdinA jAtatvAt, nApi tadgrahaNasaMskArAnutpAdanaM, tadgrahAvyavahitottarakSaNe prakaraNAderasattvena tadAnIM saMskArotpattI bAdhakAbhAvAt / na ca dvitIyArthaviSayakazabdasmRtestadarthaviSayakasmRtervA zaktyA anutpAdana, zleSe'pi dvitIyArthavyaJjanAvRtti kI sattA meM "avAcakaprayogAnupapattirUpA" arthApatti pramANa huii| vaha "gaGgAyA goSaH" ityAdi lAkSaNika pada meM hI mAnI jA sakatI hai, "bhadrAtmanaH" ityAdi vAcaka pada meM bhI nahI mAnI jA sakatI; kyoMki vahAM jina arthoM kI pratIti ho rahI hai| unake vAcaka zabda vahAM haiM; taba vahAM dvitIya artha aura upamAlaGkAra kI pratIti ke lie koI anyavRtti mAnanI hogii| jaba aisA hai; taba yahAM bhI usI vRtti se artha pratIti ho jAegI, vyaJjanA kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? isakA uttara dene ke lie vRttikAra ne vRtti meM likhA hai "evaM lakSaNAmUlaM vynyjktvmuktm"| isa prakAra pUrvokta vAkya kA yaha tAtparya hai ki vyaJjanA meM 'svAyatte zabdaprayoge'vAcakaprayogAnupapattirUpa arthApatti" pramANa nahIM hai kintu vAcyalakSyapratIta padArthAnupayattirUpa arthApatti arthAt vAcya aura lakSya athaM se pratIta honevAle padArthoM kI anupapatti ke AdhAra para mAnI gayI aryApatti hI saba jagaha vyaJjanA meM pramANa hai| ataeva . anekArthasya zabdasya vAcakatve niyantrite / saMyogAdyairavAcyArthadhIkRvyApRtiraJjanam // " isa kArikA meM "avAcyArthadhIkRta" kahA gayA hai| (kArikArtha) saMyoga Adi ke dvArA anekArthaka zabdoM ke vAcakatva ke (kisI eka artha meM) niyantrita ho jAne para (usase bhinna) avAcya artha kI pratIti karAnevAlA zabda kA vyApAra vyaMjanA arthAt abhidhAmUlA vyaJjanA kahalAtA hai| kArikA meM anekArthasya kA artha hai-anekatra gRhItazaktikasya arthAta aneka artha meM jisa zabda kA saMketa ho / 'anekArthasya zabdasya saMyogAdyaH vAcakatve niyantrite' isa prakAra kA anvaya hai| vAcakatva kA artha hai vAcaka dharma ardhAta abhidhA hii| 'avAcyArthadhIkRd vyApati' kA artha hai avAcya (usa kAla meM abhidhA se anupasthApya--abhidhA ke dvArA pratIta nahIM karAne yogya jo artha) usake (dhI) smaraNa kI jananI (vRtti) vyaMjanA hai| yahAM prazna uThatA hai ki 'saMyogAdi ke dvArA abhidhA para jisa niyantraNa kI bAta kahI gayI; vaha niyantraNa kyA hai aura kisa prakAra kA hai ? usa niyantraNa kA artha abhidhA kA agrahaNa nahIM ho sakatA arthAt saMyogAdi ke kAraNa vahAM abhidhA kA grahaNa nahIM huA, aisA artha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; kyoMki kozAdi ke dvArA "hari" Adi zabdoM kI abhidhA kA pratipAdana ho cukA hai|' niyantraNa kA artha yaha bhI nahIM liyA jA sakatA ki 'prakaraNAdi ke dvArA abhidhA se gRhIta saMskAra kI utpatti yA praroha nahIM huA; kyoMki saketagraha yA abhidhAgraha ke avyahita uttarakSaNa meM prakaraNAdi ke nahIM rahane ke kAraNa usa samaya tadanukUla saMskAra kI utpatti meM koI bAdhaka nahIM dikhAI pdd'taa|

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bhAnAnApatteH, ata evaikataramAtrasmaraNAnukUlatvaM niyantraNaM vizeSasmRtihetava ityuktarityapAstaM, padArthopasthiti vinA saMyogAdijJAnasyaivAsambhavAcceti / nApyaprakRtAdyarthagocarazAbdabodhAnutpAdakatvam, evaM sati dvitIyArthagocarAbhidhAjanyazAbdabodhatvasya pratibadhyatAvacchedakatvaparyavasAne "suvvai samAgamissaI" ityAdI vyaGgayAntarabodhApatteH dvitIyArthagocarazAbdabodhatvamAtrasya tatpratibadhyatAvacchedakatve bhadrAtmana' ityatra vyaJjanA hastibodhAnApatteriti / / atra brama:--aprakRtAdyarthagocarAbhidhAjanya-zAbdabodhatvameva prakaraNAdipratibadhyatAvacchedaka 'suvvaI' ityAdau vyaGgayAntarabodhAbhAvazca kAraNAntarAbhAvaprayukta eva, na tu prakaraNAdipratibandhakatvaprayuktaH, tatra prakaraNAdervyaGgayabodhe'janakatvAt, tadabhAve vyaGgayamAtrAnavabhAsAt, vAkyArthabodhenaiva zabdasya caritArthatvAt, na cAnanugatAnAM saMyogAdInAM kathamanugatakAryajanakatvamiti vAcyam, kAryANAmapyananugatatvAt saMyoge saMyogAviSayakAbhidhAjanyazAbdabodhatvasya sAhacaryAdAvasahacaritAdiviSayakAbhidhA yadi niyantraNa kA yaha artha kareM ki 'zakti ke dvArA yahA~ dvitIya artha pratipAdaka zabda (viSayaka) kI smati prakaraNAdi ke kAraNa utpanna nahIM huI yA dvitIyArtha-viSayaka smati kI utpatti nahIM huI to zleSa alaGkAra meM doSa hogA, vahA~ dvitIyArtha kA smaraNa abhISTa hai, parantu vahA~ bhI tUlyanyAya se dvitIya artha kA bhAna nahIM hogaa| isIlie jo yaha kahate the ki yahA~ "vizeSasmRtihetavaH" yaha kahA gayA hai, isase siddha huA ki yahA~ niyantraNa kA artha hai donoM arthoM meM se eka hI artha kI smRti anukUlatA / ' unakA yaha mata bhI ukta yukti (zleSavAlI yukti) se parAsta ho gayA / dUsarI bAta yaha ki padArtha kI upasthiti ke binA saMyogAdijJAna hI nahIM ho sktaa| niyantraNa kA artha aprAkaraNika artha (gocara)vAle zAbdabodha kI anutpAdakatA bhI nahIM le sakate kyoMki aisA mAnane para yahI artha hogA ki 'prakaraNAdi dvitIya artha ko pratIta karAnevAlI abhidhA se honevAle zAbdabodha ke pratibandhaka haiM, taba to "subvai samAgamissaI" yahA~ bhI vyaGgayAntara kA bodha hone lagegA ? dvitIyArthagocara zAbdabodhatva mAtra kA yadi pratibandhaka mAneM to "bhadrAtmanaH" yahA~ para vyaJjanA se hAthI ke pakSavAle artha kA bhI bodha nahIM hogaa|' isa prakAra kI vipratipatti meM hamArA mata hai ki 'aprAkRta (aprAkaraNika) arthavAlI abhidhA se janya zAbdabodha hI prakaraNAdipratibadhyatAvacchedaka hai, arthAt prakaraNAdi aprAkaraNika artha ko pratIta karAnevAlI abhidhA se honevAle zAbdabodha kA pratibandhaka hai|' "suvvai" ityAdi sthala meM vyaGgayAntara kI pratIti jo nahIM huI isakA hetu vyaGgacabodha ke liye apekSita kAraNoM kA abhAva hI samajhanA caahie| na ki prakaraNAdi ke pratibandhaka hone ke kAraNa vahAM vyaGgayAntarabodha kA abhAva mAnanA cAhie / bahA~ prakaraNAdi vyaGgayabodha kA janaka nahIM hai / yadi aisA hotA to prakaraNAdi ke abhAva meM vyaGgaya kA avabhAsa nahIM hotaa| jaba ki yahAM to vAkyArthabodha karAkara zabda caritArtha hogayA hai| saMyogAdi svayaM anumata haiM-ekarUpeNa jJAna yA nizcita dharma nahIM haiM phira unase anugata artha yAne nizcita artha kA bhAna kaise ho jAtA hai, saMyogAdi ko anugatakAryajanaka kaise mAnA jAya? yaha eka prazna hai / isakA uttara hai ki kArya bhI ananugata hI haiM / saMyoga meM viprayogaviSayaka jo amidhAjanya zAbdabodha hai use pratibandhaka mAnA gayA hai aura sAhacaryAdi meM asAhacaryAdiviSayaka abhidhAjanya jo zAbdabodha hai, use pratibandhaka mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha mAnane para unakA mata svayaM khaNDita ho jAtA hai jo yaha kahate the ki anekArtha kI upasthiti hone

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dvittIya ullAsaH sAhacarya virodhitA / "saMyogo viprayogazca arthaH prakaraNaM liGga zabdasyAnyasya saMnnidhiH // sAmarthya maucitI dezaH kAlo vyaktiH svarAdayaH / zabdArthasyAnavacchede vizeSasmRtihetavaH // ' 133 ityukta dizA janyazAbdabodhatvAdeH pratibadhyatAvacchedakatvAt / etena nAnArthopasthiteranyatara tAtparyagrAhakatvameteSAM na tvaparArthagrahapratibandhakatvamananugamAdityapAstam / AdyapadaM vyAkhyAtumAha-saMyoga iti, saMyogo guNavizeSaH, viprayogaH saMyogadhvaMso vibhAgo vA, sAhacaryam ekakAladezAvasthAyitvam ekasmin kArye parasparasApekSatvaM vA, 'virodha' vadhyaghAtakabhAvaH sahAnavasthAnaM ca, arthaH prayojanaM prakaraNaM vaktRzrotRbuddhisthatA, liGga saMyogAtiriktasambandhena parapakSatryAvarttako dharmaH, na tvasAdhAraNaH, sazaGkhacakra ityatrAtivyApteH, "zabdasyAnyasya sannidhiH" samAsAdyanadhInasa mAnArthatAkazabdAntarasamabhivyAhAraH samAsAdyanadhInatva vizeSaNAt sazaGkhacakra ityatrAtivyAptiH, samAnArthatAketi vizeSaNAt 'sthANuM bhaja bhavacchide' ityatrAtivyAptizca nirastA / pradIpakRtastu samAnArthaka zabdAntarasAmAnAdhikaraNyaM tadarthaH, harI zaGkhacakre iti ca saMyogodAharaNa mityAhuH, 'sAmarthyaM' kAraNatA, . aucitI yogyatA, , dezakAlau prasiddhau vyaktiliGga puMstvAdi, svara udAttAdiH, anavacchede bAhulye, vizeSasmRtihetavaH avivakSitArthAnvayAnubhavapratibandhena vivakSitArthAnvayAnubhavaprayojakA ityarthaH / para ye prakaraNAdi unameM se eka artha meM tAtparyagrahaNa karAte haiM, anya artha ke grahaNa meM ye pratibandhaka nahIM banate; kyoMki ye svayaM ananugata haiM / Adima (prathama) pada kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM-saMyoga iti / 'saMyoga' 'guNavizeSa' ko kahate haiM / viprayoga kA artha hai saMyogadhvaMsa yA vibhAga / ekakAla yA ekadeza meM rahanA 'sAhacarya' kahalAtA hai athavA ekakArya meM parasparasApekSa honA hI sAhacarya hai / virodha vadhya ghAtakabhAva ko kahate haiM / arthAt vaha manobhAva virodha hai jo eka dUsare ko paraspara mArane yA nukasAna pahu~cAne kI preraNA detA hai / sAtha-sAtha nahIM raha sakanA bhI virodha kahalAtA hai / 'artha' kA tAtparya hai 'prayojana' / 'prakaraNa' kahate haiM sandarbha ko / yaha vaktA aura zrotA kI buddhi meM rahatA hai / liGga vaha dharma hai jo saMyoga-sambandha se atirikta sambadhoM se parapakSa kI vyAvRtti karane meM samartha ho / asAdhAraNa hetu ko yahA~ liGga nahIM mAnA gayA hai| vaisA mAnane para "sazaMkhacako gharaH " yahA~ ativyApti doSa ho jAegA / samAsAdi ke vinA samAnArthaka (anvitArthaka ) zabdAntara ke samabhivyAhAra (sahokti) ko sandhi kahate haiN| 'samAsAdyadhIna' vizeSaNa ke kAraNa 'sazaMkhacakro hariH' meM aura 'samAnArthakatA' isa vizeSaNake kAraNa "sthANu' bhaja bhavacchide" yahA~ ativyApti nahIM huI / pradIpa kAra ne sannidhi kA lakSaNa karate hue likhA hai ki "samAnArthaka zabdAntarasAmAnAdhikaraNyam' samAnArthavAle anya zabdoM kI samAnAdhikaraNatA hI sannadhi hai / isa lakSaNa meM sambhAvita ativyApti ke nivAraNa ke lie saMyoga kA udAharaNa 'harI zaGkhacakra' yaha diyA hai / 'sAmarthya' kA artha 'kAraNatA' hai / aucitI' yogyatA ko kahate haiN| deza kAla kA artha prasiddha ho hai / vyakti kA artha 'liGga' strIliGga, puMlliGga Adi hai / svara kA tAtparyaM udAttAdi hai / anavacchede kA artha hai bAhulya / "vizeSasmRtihetava:" arthAt ye prakaraNAdi avivakSita artha ke sAtha anvaya ke anubhava meM pratibandhaka banakara vivakSita artha ke anvayAnubhava ke prayojaka (sampAdaka) hote haiN|

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134 kAvyaprakAzAH sazaGkhacakro hariH prazaGkhacako harirityucyate / rAmalakSmaNAviti dAzarathI / rAma nagatistayoriti bhArgavakArtavIryayoH / sthANuM bhaja bhavacchida iti hare / sarva jAnAti deva iti yuSmadarthe / kupito makaradhvaja iti kAme / devasya purArAteriti zambho / madhunA saMyogAdInAM niyAmakatAyAM krameNodAharaNAnyAha - sazaGkhacakra iti, acyuta ityAdevizeSapratItikRdityanenAnvayaH / vakSyadhAtakabhAvarUpavirodhamudAharati - rAmArjuneti / sahAnavasthAnavirodhodAharaNaM tu chAyAtapavadetayoriti, atra chAyApadasya dIptAvapi zaktatvena virodhitayaivA''tapAbhAvaparatvam / yuSmadartha iti rAjAdAvityarthaH, "rAjA bhaTTArako devaH" iti koSeNa devapadasya rAjArthakatvapratipAdanAnnAnArthakatA / kupita iti, vastutaH sthANurapazyadityAdi liGgodAharaNaM bodhyam, makaradhvajazabdasya kAme prasiddhacaiva saMyogAdi kI niyAmakatA kA krama se udAharaNa dete hue likhate haiM- sazaGkhacakro hariH' iti / hari zabda anekArthavAcaka hai / "yamAnilendracandrA ke viSNusiMhA zuvAjiSu / zukAhikavibhekeSu harirnA kapile triSu" / isake anusAra puMliGga hari kA artha 'yama, anila, indra, candramA, sUrya, viSNu, siMha, razmi, ghor3A, totA, sarpa, bandara aura mer3haka hotA hai / zaMkhacakrasahita hari yahI zaMkhacakra ke saMyoga se hari kA artha acyuta hI huA yama Adi nahIM / vRtti meM "acyute" ityAdi saptamI vibhaktivAle padoM kA "vizeSapratItikRt" isake sAtha anvaya hai / asr aura vadhakabhAva ko virodha kahA gayA hai| usakA udAharaNa dete hue likhate haiM "rAmArjunagatistayoH " yahA~ rAma pada se parazurAmarUpa vizeSa artha kI pratIti hotI hai; dazaratha ke putra rAma aura balarAma kI nahIM / kyoMki Age kA pada arjuna 'kArtavIryArjuna' kA bodhaka hai| parazurAma ne kArtavIryArjuna ko mArA thaa| isalie vaha 'vadhya' huA aura parazurAma 'ghAtaka' / donoM meM vahapa aura ghAtakabhAva sambandha haiM isalie yaha udAharaNa virodha kA huaa| virodha kA eka dUsarA prakAra hai -sahAvasthAna / ve tattva jo paraspara virodhI haiM parantu sAtha-sAtha rahate haiM / jaise chAyA aura Atapa / isalie jaba kahate haiM "chAyAtapavadetayoH " to yahA~ 'chAyA' kA artha dhUpa kA abhAva huA / yadyapi 'chAyA' zabda kA artha 'kAnti' bhI hai tathApi virodhI Atapa zabda ke sAnnidhya se chAyA zabda kA artha Atapa kA abhAva liyA gyaa| . sthANu' bhaja bhavacchide "saMsAra se pAra utarane ke lie sthANu kA bhajana kr| yahA~ sthANu zabda prayojanarUpa artha ke kAraNa ziva meM niyantrita ho jAtA hai| ziva hI saMsAra se mukti dilA sakatA hai| sthANu ke anya artha ThUMTha vRkSa meM saMsAra se mukti dilAne kI kSamatA nahIM hai / prakaraNa se artha niyantraNa kA udAharaNa - "sarvaM jAnAni devaH" deva saba jAnate haiM; yahAM prakaraNa se anekArthaMka deva zabda 'Apa' artha meM niyantrita ho jAtA hai / vRtti meM likhita "yuSmadarthe" kA artha hai rAjAdI / rAjAdi meM niyantrita ho gayA hai / 'rAjA bhaTTArako deva:" isa koSa ne deva zabda ko rAjA kA paryAya batAyA hai| isalie 'deva' zabda anekArthaMka hai / isa taraha 'devatA' artha aura 'rAjA' artha kA vAcaka deva zabda prakaraNa ke kAraNa rAjArtha meM niyantrita ho gayA hai| vastutaH liGga kA udAharaNa "sthANurapazyat" ityAdi mAnanA caahie| yahA~ 'darzana' rUpa liGga ke kAraNa sthANu kA artha vRkSa yA ThUMTha yA khUMTA nahIM hogA; kyoMki unameM darzana kI kSamatA nahIM hai kintu ziva liyA

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dvitIya ullAsaH 135 mattaH kokila iti vasante / pAtu vo dayitAmukhamiti sAmmukhye / bhAtyatra paramezvara iti niyamanAt / ata eva makaradhvajaniyamitetyatra nihatArthakatvaM vakSyati, liGgapadena prasiddhirevokteti kecit / devasyeti devapadasya rAjAdyarthakatvAnnAnAnArthatAkSatirityavadhAtavyam / purasyAsurabhedasya nagarasya cArAterityarthabhedena purArAtizabdasya nAnArthatayA devarUpazabdAntaramAnnidhyAdasuravizeSazatrau zive niyamanamiti kecit / sAmmukhya iti mukhapadasya vadanasAmmukhyAdaiH zaktattvAnnAnArthakasyaucityena sAmmukhye niyamanamityarthaH (pA) dhAtornAnArthatayA aucityena sAmmukhye niyamanaM tena mukhaM (pAtu) sammukhIbhavatvityarthaH, anyathA vadanasyApi kAmatrANayogyatayA mukhapadasya sAmmukhya niyamanAnaucityAditi mama pratibhAti / yadyapyatrApi sAmarthyamastyeva tathApi madhunetyatra tRtIyAyA iva tadbodhakasyAbhAvAdaucityodAharaNatA, jAyagA / "kupito makaradhvajaH" yaha to prasiddhi kA hI udAharaNa hai| prasiddhi ke kAraNa hI makaradhvaja kA kAma artha meM niyantraNa ho jaaygaa| isIlie "makaradhvajaniyamita" yahA~ kAma se atirikta samudrAdi artha meM prayoga ke kAraNa nihatArtha (ubhayArthaka zabda kA aprasiddha artha meM prayoga) doSa mAnA gayA hai| kisI kA kahanA hai ki liGga pada se prasiddhi hI lI jAtI hai| , 'deva' pada kA rAjAdi artha bhI hotA hai ataH yaha zabda nAnArthaka hai| "devasya purArAteH" "purAri deva kA" yahA~ "purAri" rUpa anyazabda ke sAnnidhya se anekArthaka 'deva' zabda kA zambhu artha meM niyantraNa ho gyaa| kisI ne pUrvokta udAharaNa ko aura DhaMga se ghaTAte hue likhA hai ki 'pura kA artha asura-vizeSa aura nagara donoM hotA hai / usake arAti arthAt zatru aisA kahane para purArAti kA artha hogA 'asura-vizeSa' kA zatru aura nagara kA zatru / parantu yahA~ devarUpa zabdAntara ke sannidhAna se asura-vizeSa ke zatru arthAt puranAmaka daitya ke zatru ziva ke artha meM niyamana huA hai|' . "madhunA mattaH kokila:" "kokila madhu se matta ho rahA hai" yahA~ madhu sAmarthyavaza vasanta artha meM niyantrita ho gayA hai; kyoMki kokila ko matta banAne kI kSamatA vasanta meM hI hai| madhu ke anya artha zahada yA zarAba meM nhiiN| sAmmukhya ke kAraNa eka artha meM zabdArtha ke niyantraNa kA udAharaNa hai "pAtu vo dAyitAmukham" / patnI kA mukha tumhArI rakSA kare / yahA~ vadana aura sAmmukhya Adi artha meM prayukta hone ke kAraNa anekArthaka mukha zabda aucitya ke kAraNa sAmmukhya (anukUlatA) artha meM niyamita ho gayA hai| mere vicAra meM to 'pA' dhAtU nAnArthaka haiM, kyoMki rakSaNa kaI prakAra ke hote haiM / isa taraha yahA~ aucitya ke kAraNa 'pAtu' kA 'sAmukhya' artha meM niyamana huA hai / isalie 'pAtu' kA artha sammukhIbhabatu-sAmane ho yaha huA, anyathA dAyitAmukha ko bhI kAma se rakSaNa kI yogyatA hone ke kAraNa mukha pada kA 'sAmmukhya' artha meM niyamana mAnanA anucita hogaa| yadyapi yahA~ bhI sAmarthya hai aura sAmarthyAt artha ke niyamana kA udAharaNa ise mAnA jA sakatA hai; tathApi sAmarthyamUlaka artha ke niyamana ke udAharaNa meM "madhunA mattaH kokilaH" yahA~ jaise sAmarthya ke bodha ke lie tRtIyA hai, usa taraha yahA~ sAmarthyabodhaka tRtIyAdi kA abhAva hai| isalie ise aucitya kA hI udAharaNa mAnanA caahie| deza kA udAharaNa hai 'bhAti atra paramezvaraH' yahA~ rAjadhAnIrUpa deza ke kAraNa Izvara, mahAdhanI Adi anekArthaka paramezvara zabda rAjA artha meM niyantrita ho jAtA hai| "rAjadhAnI rUpAta" yahA~ "padArthAt" zabda kA zeSa

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kAvyaprakAzaH rAjadhAnIrUpAddezAdrAjani / citrabhAnuvibhAtIti dine ravau rAtrI vhnau| mitraM bhAtIti suhRdi / mitro bhAtIti rvau| indrazatrurityAdau veda eva, na kAvye svaro vizeSapratItikRt / rAjadhAnIrUpAdityatra padArthAditi zeSaH, paramezvarasya viSNoH zivasya bhAnaM vaikuNThe kailAse vA, rAjadhAnyAM tu rAjJa eveti rAjadhAnIdeze niyamanam / indrazatruriti / indrazatrurityatrAntyapadodAttatve SaSThItatpuruSasamAsenendrasya zAtanakarmatvaM pUrvapadodAttatve bahuvrIhisamAsenendrasya zAtanakartRtvaM labhyata iti bhAvaH / na kAvya iti / bAhulyeneti zeSaH, dRSTiH paGkajavairiNItyAdau tulyanyAyena kAvye'pi tatsambhavAditi prdiipkRtH| kAvyeSUdAttAdInAM nArthavizeSaniyAmakatA tathAtve'nurUpasvareNArthavizeSAvagatau zleSabhaGgaprasaGgaH, mAnanA caahie| paramezvara viSNu vaikuNTha meM zobhA pAte haiM aura paramezvara ziva ke virAjane kA sthAna kailAsa hai / rAjadhAnI meM to rAjA ke hI zobhita hone kI sambhAvanA hai| isIlie yahA~ rAjadhAnIrUpa deza meM niyamana huA hai| kAla ke kAraNa zabdArtha ke niyamana kA udAharaNa 'citrabhAnurbhAti' hai| citrabhAnu zabda sUrya aura agni donoM ke lie AtA hai| dina meM citrabhAnurbhAti kA artha sUrya hogA aura rAta meM agni / yaha niyamana kAla ke kAraNa huaa| vyakti (liGga) ke kAraNa arthavizeSa niyamana kA udAharaNa hai "mitraM bhAti' aura 'mitro bhAti / mitra zabda suhRd aura sUrya artha meM prayukta hotA hai isalie anekArthaka hai| parantu 'mitram meM napuMsaka liGga ke kAraNa vaha suhRda artha meM niyamita ho jAtA hai aura "mitro bhAti" meM puliGga hone se vaha 'sUrya' artha meM niyantrita ho jAtA hai| "indrazatraH" Adi meM veda meM hI svara artha-vizeSa kA bodhaka hotA hai kAvya meM nhiiN| isalie usake laukika udAharaNa nahIM diye haiN| veda meM svarabheda ke kAraNa arthabheda kI vyAkhyA karate hue TIkAkAra likhate haiM-indrazatruriti / 'indra zatru' yahA~ "samAsasya" sUtra se antodAtta hone para SaSThItatpuruSa samAsa mAnA jAyagA, aisI sthiti meM isakA artha hogA indra ko satAne vAlA, 'indrakarmakazAtanam' indrkrmkshtrtaa| pUrvapada meM udAtta uccAraNa karane kA tAtparya hogA ki yahA~ bahubrIhisamAsa hai kyoMki bahuvrIhisamAsa meM hI pUrvapada ke prakRtisvara kA vidhAna hai, isa taraha isakA artha hogA "indrakartR kazAtanam" arthAt indra hI zatrutA kA kartA hokara asuroM ko satAye / isa taraha tatpuruSa meM 'indra ko satAnevAle asuroM kI vRddhi' aisA artha hotA; joki abhISTa thA parantu bahuvrIhi ke kAraNa artha hogA "zatru ko satAnevAlA indra bddh'e"| yaha arthabheda svara ke kAraNa huA / isalie veda meM svarabheda bhI anekArthaka zabdoM ke arthavizeSa meM niyamana kA kAraNa hotA hai / parantu kAvyameM svarakRta artha kI vizeSatA svIkAra nahIM kI gayI hai| svara ke kAraNa zabda ko eka artha meM niyantrita mAnane para zleSa alaGkAra kA uccheda ho jaaegaa| kyoMki zleSa kA prAsAda eka zabda se yA samAnAkAraka eka zabda se aneka vAcyArtha ke prakaTa hone kI prakriyA para sthita hai| svara ke dvArA eka artha meM zabda ke niyamana kI sthiti meM aneka vAcyArtha ke prakaTa hone kI sambhAvanA hI kahA~ zeSa raha jAtI hai ? pradIpakAra ne 'na kAvye' isa pratIka ke Age "bAhulyena" pada kA zeSa mAnA hai| bAhulyena ke adhyAhAra se yaha tAtparya nikalatA hai ki 'veda meM jaise svara ko abhidhAniyAmaka mAnane kA bAhalya hai, vaise kAvya meM svara ko saba jagaha abhidhA kA niyAmaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| kAvya meM bhI 'indrazatra:' kI taraha "dRSTiH paGkajavairiNI" meM svara ke dvArA tatpuruSa ke nirNaya ke mAdhyama se arthavizeSa kA niyamana dekhA jAtA hI hai| isalie vRtti kA tAtparya itanA hI mAnanA cAhie ki kAvya meM veda kI taraha svaradvArA ke artha niyamana kA bAhulya nahIM hai| 1. TI0 atreti rAjadhAnIrUpadezena paramezvarasya rAjani niyamanam /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 137 prAdigrahaNAt ehamettatthaNiyA ehamettehi prAcchivatta hi / edahamettAvatthA eN|hmetthiN diaehiM / / [etAvanmAtrastanikA etAvanmAtrAbhyAmakSipatrAbhyAm / etAvanmAtrAvasthA etAvanmAtraMdivasaH // ityaadaavbhinyaadyH| ataeva zleSaprastAve vakSyati 'kAvyamArge svaro na gaNyata' itIti subuddhimizrAH / edahametteti / etAvanmAtrastanikA etAvanmAtrAbhyAmakSipatrAbhyAm / / etAvanmAtrAvasthA etAvanmAtradivasaH // 1 // _ abhinayAdaya iti / abhinayo hastakriyA etAvanmAtrastanItyatrAGgaSThatarjanImadhyamAbhirbadarA* kArapradarzane'lpastanIti bhAsate, hastAbhyAM ghaTAkArapradarzane sthUlastanIti, etAvanmAtrAbhyAmityatrApi tarjanyagrapradarzane sUkSmacakSuriti, prasRtyAdipradarzane vipulacakSuriti, agulItrayapradarzane divasatrayaM paJcAGgulIpradarzane paJcadinAni dazAGgulIpradarzane ca dinadazakaM bhAsata iti bhAvaH / ata eva tatpadasya subuddhi mizra kA kathana hai ki 'kAvyoM meM udAtta, anudAtta aura svarita meM arthavizeSa kI niyAmakatA nahIM hai, agara vaisA mAneM to anurUpa svara se kisI eka arthavizeSa kI hI pratIti hogI aisI sthiti meM zleSa alaGkAra kA jahA~ ki eka zabda ke aneka vAcyArtha mAne gaye haiM bhaGga ho jaaygaa|' isIlie granthakAra zleSa ke prakaraNa meM -likheMge ki "kAvyamArge svaro na gaNyate" kAvya ke mArga meM svara nahIM ginA jAtA hai| arthAt udAtta, anudAtta, svarita svaroM (arthavizeSa ke niyantraNarUpa) kA mahattva kAvyamArga meM nahIM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| kArikA meM Adi zabda se grAhyatattva haiM abhinayAdi / jaiseetAvanmAtrastanikA etAvanmAtrAbhyAmakSipAtrAbhyAm / etAvanmAtrAvasthA etAvanmAtradivasaiH // isa pariNAha ke stanoMvAlI, itanI bar3I AMkhoM se upalakSita vaha taruNI itane dinoM meM aisI ho gyii| yahAM abhinaya Adi zabda kA ekArtha meM niyantraNa karate haiN| abhinaya hasta (aGga) kI vividha saGketAtmaka kriyA (mudrA yA ceSTA) ko kahate haiN| usase yahA~ arthavizeSa kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| jaise "isa pariNAha ke stanoMvAlI" isa zabda ke prayoga ke sAtha aMgUThA, tarjanI aura madhyamA aMguliyoM ke dvArA badarIphala ke AkAra ke pradarzana se 'alpastanI' isa artha kA bhAna hotA hai| yadi pUrvokta zabda ke uccAraNa ke sAtha hAthoM ke dvArA ghar3e kI AkRti kA abhinaya kiyA jAyagA to 'ghaTastanI' isa artha kI pratIti hogii| "etAvanmAtrAbhyAmakSipAtrAbhyAm" kA abhinaya tarjanI agalI ke agrabhAga se kiyA jAegA to nAyikA choTI-choTI A~khoMvAlI hai, aisA mAnA jAegA, yadi prasRti-phailI huI aMgulI athavA aJjali Adi ke sAtha pradarzana kiyA jAyagA to nAyikA 'vizAlanetrA' mAnI jaaegii| "etAvanmAtradivasaH" kA abhinaya tIna aMguliyoM se karane para tIna dinoM kI pratIti hogI, paJcAMguliyoM yA dazAGguliyoM ke pradarzana se kramazaH pA~ca yA dasa dinoM kA bhAna hogaa| isIlie etat yA tat sarvanAma kI bhI aneka vastuoM kI upasthiti karAne ke kAraNa se hI anekArthatA mAnI jAtI hai, yaha nibandhAoM (vAkya vinyAsa ke marmajJoM) kA kathana hai|

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138 kAvyaprakAzaH itthaM saMyogAdibhirarthAntarAbhidhAyakatve nivArite'pyanekArthasya zabdasya yat kvacidarthAntarapratipAdanaM tatra nAbhidhA niyamanAttasyAH / na ca lakSaNA mukhyArthabAdhAdyabhAvAt / api tvaJjanaM vyaJjanameva vyApAraH / yathA sarvanAmno'pyaneka vyaktyupasthApakatayaivAnekArthatvamiti nibandhAraH / vastutaH sarvanAmni buddhisthatattatprakArANAmeva zakyatAvacchedakatvapakSe nAnArthatvamavyAhatameveti mama pratibhAti / atrApyAdipadAd " itaH sa daityaH prAptazrota evArhati kSata' mityAdAvabhimata-nirdezarUpopadezo gRhyate tenetaH (nedaM) zabdasyAbhidhA vaktari niyamyata iti vadanti / vastuto'gre vAcyavaktRboddhavyAdi- vailakSaNyamAdipadArthaH, saindhavaM bhakSayAmItyatra brAhmaNe vaktari lavaNasya zvapace ca turaGgasya, saindhavaM bhuGkSvetyatra brAhmaNe pratipAdye lavaNasyaiva mlecchavizeSe ca turaGgasyApi pratIteH evaM vAkyAdInyudAhAryANIti mama pratibhAti / kArikArthaM saGgamayati-- itthamiti / mukhyArthabAdhAdIti, na ca tAtparyAnupapattyaiva lakSaNAstviti vAcyam, tathA sati saindhavamAnayetyatrApi lakSaNApatteriti bhAvaH / bhadrAtmana iti rAjapakSe bhadrAtmatvaM zobhanAntaHkaraNatvaM, duradhirohatvamanabhibhavanIyatvaM, vaMzaH kulam, unnatiH khyAtiH, zilImukhA bANAH, gatirjJAnam, paravAraNatvaM mujhe to yaha ja~catA hai ki sarvanAma buddhirUpa padArtha kA parAmarzaka hotA hai / buddhistha tattatprakAroM (buddhi meM rahanevAle una una vastuoM ke dharmoM) ke zakyatAvacchedekatva pakSa meM sarvanAma kI anekArthatA nirbAdha hI hai / vRtti meM bhI " abhinayAdaya: " meM Adi pada kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| isalie "itaH sa daityaH prAptazrIneta evArhati kSayam" ityAdi meM abhISTa nirdeza ( arthAt mujha brahmA se usakA kSaya nahIM hogA ziva kA putra hI usa tArakAsura ko mAra sakatA hai / isalie he devatAoM, Apa ziva ke vivAha kA upAya soco ityAdi brahma ke upadeza ) rUpa artha, Adizabda se gRhIta huaa| usa nirdeza " ita:" pada meM idaM zabda kI afar kA niyantraNa huA, aisA koI kahate haiM / vastutaH Age jina vAcya, vaktR, boddhavya Adi vailakSaNyoM kI carcA hai; ve saba Adi (vRttigata abhinayAya: meM Aye hue Adi) pada se grAhya haiN| sAtha-sAtha "saMndhavaM bhakSayAmi " vAkya kA vaktA yadi brAhmaNa hogA to saindhava zabda kA artha 'namaka' liyA jAegA; yadi zvapaca pUrvokta vAkya kA vaktA hogA to saindhava kA artha 'ghor3A' hogA / 'ayaM saindhavaM bhuGkte' 'yahA~ ayaM' pada kA pratipAdya yA vAkya dvArA pratipAdya brAhmaNa hogA to 'lavaNa kA bodha hogA, mleccha - vizeSa ko uddezya karake yadi yaha vAkya kahA jAegA to turaGga kI bhI pratIti hogI' isa taraha ke vAkya Adi "abhinayAdaya: " meM Aye hue Adi pada ke udAharaNa ke lie prastuta karane cAhie / kArikA ke artha kA saMgamana ( lakSaNa - samanvaya) dikhAte hue likhate haiM-" itthaM saMyogAdibhiH " / isa prakAra saMyoga Adi ke dvArA anya artha ke abhidhAna (bodha) kA nivAraNa ho jAne para bhI anekArthaka zabda jo kahIM anya artha kA pratipAdana karatA hai; vahA~ abhidhA nahIM ho sakatI; kyoMki usakA niyantraNa ho cukA hai aura mukhyArthaTE Adi ke na hone ke kAraNa lakSaNA bhI nahIM ho sakatI apitu aJjana arthAt vyaJjanAvyApAra hI ho sakatA hai / mukhyArthabAdha na hone para bhI tAtparyAnupapatti kAraNa lakSaNA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI; mukhyArthabAdhAdi ke binA yadi tAtparyAnupapattimAtra se lakSaNA mAneM to 'saindhavamAnaya' yahA~ bhI lakSaNA ho jAyagI ? rAjadhAnIrUpa prakaraNa ke yaJjanA ke dvArA jo gajapakSIya artha kAraNa abhidhA ke eka artha meM ( rAjapakSIyArtha meM) niyantraNa ho jAne para bhI nikalatA hai aura una donoM arthoM meM jo upamAnopameyabhAva mAnakara upamA

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dvitIya ullAsaH 139 kara bhadrAtmano duradhirohatanovizAlavaMzonnate: kRtazilImukhasaGgrahasya / yasyAnupaplutagateH' paravAraNasya dAnAmbusekasubhagaH satataM karo'bhUt // 12 // zatra nivArakatvaM, dAnAmbu utsargajalaM, karaH pANiH, hastipakSe-bhadro jAtibhedaH, duradhirohatvamatyuccatvaM, vaMzaH pRSThadaNDaH, vizAlavaMzavadunnatasyetyarthaH, zilImukhA bhramarAH, anupaplutagateH gamana-[aviplutaanupapluta]sya paravAraNasya zreSThahastinaH, dAnAmbu madajalaM, karaH zuNDAdaNDaH / atra prakaraNena rAjJi tadanvayayogye'bhidhAniyantraNe'pi gajasya tadanvayayogyasya vyaJjanayava pratItiriti bhAvaH / na ca yo'sakRlaDAra mAnA jAtA hai, usakA udAharaNa "bhadrAtmano duradhirohatanoH" yaha zloka hai| usa zloka ke kliSTa padoM ke artha isa prakAra haiN| rAja pakSa meM : artha zabda artha bhadrAtmatvam pavitra hRdayatva zilImukhAH bANa duradhirohatvam aparAjeyatva, adamyatva gatiH jJAna vaMzaH kula, khAnadAna paravAraNatvam zatrunivArakatva unnatiH / khyAti dAnAmbu utsarga kA pAnI hAtha hAthI ke pakSa meM, zabdArtha :artha zabda bhadra: hAthI kI eka jAtivizeSa zilImukhAH bhaure kA nAma anupaplutagatiH uchala-uchala kara nahIM duradhirohatvam bahuta adhika U~cAI calanevAlA, masta gativAlA vaMzaH rIr3ha kI haDDI, (pRSThadaNDa) paravAraNasya zreSTha hAthI (kA) vizAlavaMzonnatiH vizAla bA~sa ke samAna dAnAmbu madajala U~cAIvAlA . yahAM prakaraNa ke dvArA abhidhA kA pUrvanirdiSTa artha ke sAtha anvaya kI yogyatA rakhanevAle rAjapakSIya artha meM niyantraNa ho jAne para bhI pUrvanirdiSTa artha ke sAtha anvaya kI yogyatA rakhanevAle gaja ko (gajapakSIya artha kA) bodha vyaJjanA se hI hotA hai| "yo'sakRt paragotrANAM pakSacchedakSaNakSamaH / zatakoTidatAM bibhrad vibudhenduH sa rAjate // " (rAja pakSa) anekoM bAra zatruvaMza ke samarthakoM ko chinna-bhinna karane meM zIghra samartha, saMkar3oMkaror3a (mudrAoM) ke dAna kI mahimA se maNDita yaha mahAbuddhimAn rAjA zobhita ho rahA hai| (indra pakSa) anekoM bAra bar3e-bar3e parvatoM ke vidAraNa meM sadA samartha, vajra ke dvArA zatrusaMhAra meM nirata devarAja indra zobhita ho rahA hai| yahA~ ke arthazleSa aura "bhadrAtmanaH" zloka meM koI bheda pratIta nahIM ho rahA hai aisI 1. anupaplavagateH iti pAThAntaram / karaH

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140 kAvya-prakAzaH - tparagotrANAmityAdyarthazleSAdasya bhedAbhAvAt tatrArthadvaye zaktiratra vyaJjaneti vibhAgo'nupapanna iti vAcyam, yatra dvayostAtparya sa zleSaH, yatra tvekasminneva tAtparya sAmagrIvazAdarthAntarapratItiH tatra vyaJjanA, na caivaM tAtparyamANaivAbhidhAyAH sarvatra niyame [niyamane] saMyogAdivaiyarthya miti vAcyam, teSAM tAtparyagrAhakatayaivopayogAditi prAJcaH, tnn| zukAdivAkye'pyarthAvabhAsAttatra tAtparyAbhAvena zleSatvAdyabhAvaprasaGgAda, na ca tatra sArasvatameva tAtparyam, svarUpasatastasyAnupayogena tadjJAnaM vinA' pi zAbdabodhadarzanAt tasmAdabhidhAniyAmakasaMyogAdyabhAve zleSaH tatsattve vyaJjanetyeva paramArthaH / nanu prakaraNAdInAM prakRtArthabodhajanakatAmAtra na tvaparArthabodhapratibandhakatvam, ato'bhidhayaiva parArthabodho'pIti kiM vyaJjanayA ? ata eva dvitIyAbhidhAgocarasyaiva jJAnaM nAparasyeti niyamo'pi saGgacchate / na caikArthabodhaM janayitvA viratatvAdeva na dvitIyArthabodhajanakatvam AkAGkSAvirahAditi sthiti meM "yo'sakRta" yahA~ arthadvaya meM zakti hai aura vahA~ "bhadrAtmanaH" meM vyaJjanA hai, isa prakAra kA vibhAga ThIka nahIM hai aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki arthazleSa aura vyaJjanA kA viSayavibhAga spaSTa hai| jahAM donoM arthoM meM tAtparya hotA hai; vahAM zleSa mAnA jAtA hai aura jahA~ tAtparya to eka hI artha meM hotA hai kintu vaktR-boddhavyAdi sAmagrI ke kAraNa (bAda meM) arthAntara kI pratIti hotI hai vahA~ vyaJjanA mAnI jAtI hai| isa taraha mAnane para tAtparyamAtra se hI abhidhA kA sarvatra niyamana sambhava hai; phira saMyoga, viprayoga Adi ko arthavizeSa kA niyAmaka mAnanA vyartha hai aisA nahIM mAnanA caahie| saMyogAdi tAtparya-grAhaka ke rUpa meM upayogI haiM, aura saMyogAdi usa arthaniyAmaka tAtparya ke niyAmaka haiM yahI unakI upayogitA hai aisA prAcIna AcArya kA mata hai| parantu yaha unakA mata ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki zukAdi ke vAkya meM bhI arthabodhakatA hai; athaM kA avabhAsa vahA~ bhI hotA hai kintu usa vAkya ke vaktA zuka kA usa artha meM koI tAtparya nahIM hai; kyoMki usakA vaha apanA vAkya nahIM hai| vaha svayaM kisI arthavizeSa ko prakaTa karane ke lie vaisA vAkya nahIM bolA karatA hai / yahA~ taka ki vaha svayaM usakA artha nahIM samajhatA / aisI sthiti meM zuka ke kisI anekArthaka vAkya meM bhI zleSAdi kA abhAva ho jaaegaa| yadi kaheM ki 'vahA~ sArasvata-tAtparya to hai ho arthAt vAgdevI kA jo tAtparya hai, vahI vahA~ zleSAdi kA kAraNa hogA, to aisA kahanA bhI sadoSa hai, kyoMki zAbdabodha meM sarvatra svarUpa sambandha se rahanevAle usa sArasvata-tAtparya kA koI upayoga nahIM dikhAI par3atA hai, kyoMki usa sArasvata-tAtparya ke jJAna ke binA bhI zAbdabodha hotA hai| isalie arthazleSa aura vyaJjanA ke viSaya vibhAga kA hetu prAcIna AcArya ne jo batAyA hai vaha ucita nahIM hai / jahA~ abhidhA kA niyAmaka saMyogAdi nahIM hai, vahA~ zleSa hotA hai aura jahA~ vaha (abhidhAniyAmaka saMyogAdi) hai, vahA~ vyaJjanA mAnI jAtI hai, yahI tathya hai| prakaraNAdi meM kevala prakaraNAnukUla artha ko prakaTa karane kI kSamatA hai ve prakRta arthabodha ke janaka mAtra ho sakate haiM, kintu anya arthabodha kI pratibandhakatA unameM nahIM hai, ve dUsare artha ke bodha ko roka nahIM sakate, taba to abhidhA ke dvArA hI para artha kA bodha ho jAegA, vyaJjanA svIkAra karane se kyA lAbha ? isIlie usI dvitIya artha kA bhAva hotA hai, jo abhidhA kA gocara hotA hai| jo artha abhidhAgocara nahIM hotA usa kapola kalpita artha kA bhAna nahIM hotA, yaha niyama bhI saMgata hotA hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki 'eka artha batAkara abhidhA virata ho gayI, vaha dvitIya artha kA bodha nahIM karA sktii| prathamArthabodhajanakatA ke kAla meM kSINazakti abhidhA dvitIyArthabodhajanaka nahIM bana sktii| prathamArthabodhanakAla meM jo AkAMkSA (pratIti-paryavasAnaviraha) thI, vaha dvitIyArthabodhanakAla meM rahI hI nahIM isalie abhidhA dvitIyArtha kA bodha nahIM karA sakatI, ataH vyaJjanA mAnanA Avazyaka hai to yaha ThIka nahIM hogA kyoMki bhAkAMkSA kA abhAva

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dvitIya ullAsaH 141 vAcyam, ajanitatAtparyaviSayArthAnvayabodhatvarUpAyA'stasyAH sattvAt, na cAparArthe tAtparyagrAhakAbhAvaH, zliSTavizeSaNopAdAnajJAnasyaiva tadgrAhakatvAt, AvRttyA vA dvitIyArthabodho'stu, dharmikalpanAto dharmakalpanAyA laghutvAt, na caivaM prakAraNAdyanupayogaH nAnArtheSUbhayAnubhavaprasaktau kramaniyAmakatAmAtreNopayogAditi cet, atra brUmaH kramaniyAmaka ityasya ko'rthaH ? kimatrAprAkAraNikArthabodhaprAgabhAvakAlInaprAkaraNikabodhatvaM tatkAryatAvacchedakaM ? kiM vA prAkaraNikabodhatatprAgabhAvakAlInAprAkaraNikabodhatvaM tatpratibadhyatAvacchedakama ? nAdyaH. vyAsaGgAdinA prAkaraNikArthabodhAbhAve'prAkaraNikabodhAnApattyA prAgabhAvakAlInatvasyArthavazasampannatayA ca kAryatAnavacchedakatvAt / nAntyaH, aprAkaraNikabodhatvasyaiva laghunastattvasambhave tatkAlInatvaviziSTatattvasya gurutvena pratibadhyatAnavacchedakatvAt, na caivaM vRttyantarataba taka nahIM mAnA jAegA jaba taka ki pUrNarUpa se tAtparya kA jJAna nahIM ho jAegA, sampUrNa tAtparya ke jJAna ke pahale pratItiparyavasAna kahA~ ? isa taraha dvitIya artha ke bodha taka akAMkSA kA abhAva nahIM mAnA jA sakatA tAtparyaviSayIbhUta artha ke anutpanna anvayabodha kI utpatti taka AkAMkSA kI sattA hai hii| dvitIya artha meM tAtparyagrAhakatA kA abhAva bhI nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki zliSTa vizeSaNa lagAnA hI yaha saMketa karatA hai ki 'vaktA kA tAtparya dvitIya artha meM bhI hai| yadi aisA na hotA to kavi anekArthaka zabdoM ke prayoga kA prayAsa kyoM karatA? - AvRtti ke dvArA dvitIyArthabodha mAnanA gauravagrasta hogA, kyoMki dharmI kI kalpanA kI apekSA dharma kI kalpanA meM lAghava mAnA gayA hai| vyApAradvaya yA abhidhAdvaya kI kalpanA dharma kI kalpanA hai, samasta zabdoM kI AvRtti kI kalpanA dharmI kI kalpanA hai| aisA mAnane para prakaraNAdi ke anupayoga arthAt vyartha hone kI zaGkA nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki nAnArthaka zabdoM meM donoM arthoM ke anubhava kI prasakti hone para krama kA niyamana karanA hI prakaraNAdi kA upayoga ho sakatA hai| prakaraNAdi ke anukUla artha kA prathama bodha aura aprAkaraNika artha kA pazcAta bodha karAnA hI unakA upayoga ho sakatA hai| ___ yahA~ hameM kucha pUchanA hai; hama pUchanA cAhate haiM, ki kramaniyAmaka se ApakA kyA tAtparya hai ? kyA aprAkaraNika arthabodha ke prAgabhAva kAla meM prAkaraNika artha kA bodha karAnA hI kramaniyAmakatA kA artha hai arthAt prakaraNAdi artha pahale aura aprAkaraNika artha bAda meM jJAta hotA hai yahI kramaniyAmakatA hai ? yA prAkaraNika arthabodha ke pahale (sambhAvita) aprAkaraNika arthabodha kA pratibandhaka bananA hI kramaniyAmakatA hai ? inameM prathama pakSa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kyoMki dhyAna ke vyAsaGga (anyatra lage rahane ke kAraNa jahAM prAkaraNika bodha nahIM hogA vahA~ aprAkaraNika bodha na hone para prAgabhAvakAlInatva ke arthavaza prAjAne se use kAryatAvacchedaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jahAM vyAsaGga ke kAraNa prAkaraNika arthabodha kA abhAva hai aura sAtha 2 aprAkaraNika arthabodha bhI nahIM hai vahA~ aprAkaraNikArtha-bodha prAgabhAvakAlIna prAkaraNikabodha nahIM hone ke kAraNa vyabhicAra Ane se use tatkAryatAvacchedaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| - laghu hone ke kAraNa aprAkaraNikabodhatva ko hI pratibadhyatAvacchedaka mAnA jA sakatA hai tatkAlIna viziSTa-aprAkaraNikabodhatva ko jo ki guru hai pratibadhyatAvacchedaka nahIM mAnanA caahie| ataH antya pakSa bhI ThIka nahIM hai| 1. Ti. aakaangkssaayaaH|

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142 kAvya-prakAzaH kalpanAgauravaM phalamukhatvAt / kiJca prAkaraNikabodhatatprAgabhAvakAlInAprAkaraNikabodhasyAprasiddhayA kathaM tAdRzabodhatvasya pratibadhyatAvacchedakatvamiti / ____ yattu prakaraNAdestAtparyasya vA nAprAkRtArthabodhapratibandhakatvaM saindhavamAnayetyAdAvubhayArthabodhaniyama eva iSTasAdhanatAjJAnAbhAvAcca na zroturubhayAnayane pravRttiriti tAkikammanyamatam / tattu lavaNaparatayA vaktRprayuktatvajJAne'pi zrotusturagAnayane sveSTasAdhanatAjJAnAt tadAnayanApattyA, iha turagoDa sti naveti sandehavato gRhe saindhavamiti vAkyAllavaNaparatayA jJAtAt sandehanivRttyA copekSaNIyam / nanu yadi vyaJjanayavAprAkaraNikabodhastadA kathamabhidheyarUpAprAkaraNikasya bodho nAnabhidheyasyAprAkaraNikasyeti cet, na, kvacidanabhidheyasyApi 'gato'stamarka' ityAdau vyaJjanayA bhAnAt, prakRte yahAM anya vRtti kI kalpanA meM gaurava hogaa| aisA doSa nahIM denA caahie| kyoMki phala mukha gaurava ko / doSAdhAyaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai / arthAt vaha gaurava jisakA koI prayojana ho; doSAvaha nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha ki pratibadhyatAvacchedaka usI bodha ko kahate haiM jo prasiddha ho kintu prAkaraNika bodha / '' aura tatprAgabhAvakAlIna aprAkaraNika bodha kahIM bhI prasiddha nahIM hai phira usa bodha ko pratibadhyatAvacchedaka kaise mAnA jAya ? kisI tAkikammanya (apane ko tArkika mAnanevAle) ne jo yaha mAnA ki prakaraNAdi yA tAtparya ko, aprAkaraNika artha ke bodhaka pratibandhaka nahIM mAnanA caahie| "saindhavamAnaya" yahA~ donoM artha kA bodha hotA hI hai| usa vAkya ke zrotA kI lavaNa aura azva donoM ke Anayana meM pravRtti jo nahIM hotI, isakA kAraNa iSTa-sAdhanatAjJAna kA abhAva hI hai| "bhojanakAle azvAnayanaM na kimapi iSTaM sAdhayet" isa jJAna ke kAraNa hI usakI azvAnayana meM pravRtti nahIM hotii| isake viparIta bhojana ke samaya "lavaNAnayanam iSTasAdhakam" isa jJAna se namaka lAne meM pravRtti hotI hai| yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki jahA~ namaka lAne ke uddezya se vaktA ke dvArA prayukta 'saindhavamAnaya' isa vAkya kA tAtparya jAnakara bhI zrotA ko yadi yaha jJAna hai ki turaMga lAne se usakI abhISTa siddhi ho rahI hai to vahA~ iSTasAdhanatA kA jJAna rahane se turaMga lAne meM pravRtti honI cAhie; parantu aisA nahIM hotA ataH yaha kaise mAnA jAya ki iSTasAdhanatAjJAna ke abhAva meM azvAnayana meM pravRtti nahIM hotI, kyoMki vahA~ iSTasAdhanatAjJAna hote hue bhI tAdRza pravRtti nahIM huI hai| "yahA~ turaMga hai yA nahIM" isa sandeha se yukta puruSa ko 'gRhe saindhavam' isa prAptavAkya se lavaNa kA hI bodha hotA hai aura usake sandeha kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai| ataH iSTasAdhanatAjJAnAbhAva ko ubhayAnayanAbhAva kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yahA~ eka prazna hai ki yadi vyaJjanA se hI aprAkaraNika bodha hotA hai to abhidheyarUpa aprAkaraNika kA hI bodha kyoM hotA hai / "bhadrAtmanaH" isa zloka meM vyaJjanA se jisa aprAkaraNika gajAnvayI artha kA bodha hotA hai; vaha abhidheya hI hai| anabhidheya aprAkaraNika artha kA bodha vyaJjanA kyoM nahIM karAtI? kahIM jaise "gato'stamarkaH' yahA~ (muni, sandhyAkAla meM bhramaNavyasanI Adi prati sAyaMkAlIna sandhyAvandana karanA cAhie, aba ghamane jAnA cAhie Adi) abhidheya artha kI vyaJjanA pratIti karAtI hai vaise "bhadrAtmanaH" ityAdi sthaloM meM bhI vyaJjanA se anabhidheya artha kI pratIti honI cAhie aisA kyoM nahIM hotA?

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dvitIya ullAsaH 143 [sU0 33] tadyukto vyaGajakaH zabdaH - tadyukto vyajjanayuktaH / pi tathA'stviti ced, na, zaktyA ghaTapadAt paTAnupasthitau zaktyabhAvasyeva vyaJjanayA'pyanabhidheyAnupasthitI vyaJjanAvirahasyaiva tantratvAd rAjagajayorupamAnopameyabhAvasya tayA bhAnAcceti na kiJcidetat / ___ vyaJjanAM nirUpya vyaJjakalakSaNamAha-tadyukta iti, nanu vyApRtiraJjanamityatrAJjanapade prastute tadyukta ityatra tatpadena tasyaiva parAmarzasambhave tayukto'pyaJjaka iti syAd na tu vyaJjaka ityato vyAcaSTe vyaJjanayukta iti, tathA ca tatpadasyArthaparAmarzakatvaM na tu padaparAmarzakatvamapIti noktadoSa iti bhAvaH / nanu prathamArthapratItyA vyavahitatvAd dvitIyArthapratItau kathaM zabdaH karaNamata Aha-yaditi / . uttara spaSTa hai, jaise zakti ke abhAva ke kAraNa ghaTa pada se paTa artha kI pratIti zakti (abhidhA) se nahIM hotI; usI taraha vyaJjanA ke abhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ anabhidheya artha kI upasthiti vyaJjanA se nahIM ho pAtI hai| yahI paramparAsammata siddhAnta hai| rAjA aura gaja meM yahA~ upamAnopameyabhAva kA bhI bhAna vyaJjanA se hotA hai| na kevala aprAkaraNika artha yahA~ vyaGgaya hai kintu prAkaraNika aura aprAkaraNika arthamUlaka upamA alaMkAra bhI yahA~ vyaGgaya hai / donoM arthoM meM abhidheyatAmUlaka hI sAmya vivakSita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yahAM abhidheya aprAkaraNika artha hI vyaGgaya mAnA jAtA hai / 'aire gaire natthU khaire' vyaGgya nahIM mAnA jAtA / bhalA, asambaddha artha yadi vyaGgaya mAnA jAtA to usa artha aura abhidheya prAkaraNika artha ke bIca kaunasA sambandha sthApita karake unameM upamAnopameyabhAva kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI? __vyaJjanA kA nirUpaNa karake aba vyaJaka kA lakSaNa batAte haiM-"tacukto vyaJjakaH zabdaH" usa jyaJjanA vyApAra se yukta zabda vyaJjaka kahalAtA hai| vRtti meM "tayuktaH" kI vyAkhyA "vyaJakayuktaH" yaha kI gayI hai usakI AvazyakatA batAte hue likhate haiM "vyApratiraJjanam" isa kArikA meM aJjana zabda AyA hai| vahI prastuta hai| isalie "tayuktaH" ke tat sarvAnAma se aJjana kA hI parAmarza honA cAhie / ataH "tayuktaH" kA artha 'aJjanayuktaH' yA 'aJjanaH' honA . cAhie 'vyaJjaka' nahIM isa prazna kA samAdhAna dete hue vRtti meM likhA gayA hai ki yahA~ "tadyuktaH" kA artha "vyaJjakaH" yA vyaJjanayuktaH yA vyaJjanAyuktaH hai| isa taraha yahA~ tatpada ko artha kA parAmarzaka mAnanA cAhie pada kA parAmarzaka nhiiN| isalie tat pada se aJjana padArtha kA parAmarza hone ke kAraNa "tayuktaH" kI vyAkhyA 'vyaJjanayuktaH" ke rUpa meM kI jA sakatI hai| isalie ukta doSa nahIM huaa| ___ zabda se pahale abhidheyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai aura bAda meM dvitIyArtha (vyaGgayArtha) kI upasthiti hotI hai yaha siddha hotA hai| isa siddhAnta meM zabda ko donoM arthoM ke prati karaNa mAnA gayA hai parantu dvitIyArtha kI pratIti meM zabda ko karaNa kaise mAnA jAya; kyoMki dvitIyArthapratIti meM prathamapratIti kA vyavadhAna hai| karaNa use mAnA jAtA hai jisake vyApAra se avyavahita uttarakAla meM kriyA kI niSpatti ho "yadavyApAravyavadhAnena kriyAniSpattiH tat karaNam" iti / ___ zabda ke prathama vyApAra se utpanna dvitIya vyApAra se vyaGgaya kI pratIti meM zabda karaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kayoMki zabda aura dvitIyamApAra ke bIca prathamavyApAra kA vyavadhAna hai| isI prazna kA uttara dete hue

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144 kAvyaprakAzaH [sU0 34 ] yatso'rthAntarayuk tathA / zrartho'pi vyaJjakastatra sahakAritayA mataH // 20 // yasmAdityarthaH, sa zabda eva arthAntaraM vyaGgayabhinnaM vAcyam tadyuktaH tathA, - vyaJjakaH sahakAritayA na tu prAdhAnyena, tathA cAnanuguNapradhAnasyaiva vyavadhAyakatvaM na tvanuguNApradhAnasyeti bhAva iti paramAnandaprabhRtayaH / vayaM tvanvayabodhe saMskAropanItaM padamapi bhAsata ityAlaGkArikaikadezimataM, taduktaM - 'na so'sti pratyaya ityAdi, tathA cArtharUpapadaM padAntaraM vyavadhAyakaM tadyuktaH tajjJAnaviSayaH sa zabda eva tathA vyaJjaka ityarthaH / tathA ca prAthamikAnvayabodhe saMskAropanItaM padamapi bhAsate tadeva vyaJjakaM na tu prAthamikamiti na virAmadoSa iti bhAvaH / nanu vyaGgyabodhe vyavahitabodhaviSayatvAvizeSAt kathaM zabda eva vyaJjako nArtha ityata Aha- zrartho'pIti, nanvevamarthakaraNakatayA kathaM vyaGgayabodhasya zAbdatvamata Aha-sahakArita likhate haiM: - 'yat so'rthAntarayuk tathA / artho'pi vyaJjakastatra sahakAritayA mataH " vaha vyaJjaka zabda dUsare artha ke yoga se arthAt apane mukhya artha kA bodha karAne ke bAda (tathA) usa prakAra kA hotA hai arthAt dUsare artha kA vyaJjaka hotA hai, isalie vyavadhAnavAlA doSa nahIM hotA, isa artha ko TIkAkAra isa taraha spaSTa karate haiM / kArikA meM 'yat kA arthaM yasmAt 'kyoMki' hai, 'sa' kA artha yahA~ zabda hai / isa taraha artha huA ki vaha zabda hI arthAntara arthAt vyaGgayabhinna vAkya se yukta hokara tathA vyaJjaka hotA hai| isa taraha yahA~ vAcyArthaM sahakArI hai / vAcyArtha yahA~ sahakArI hokara vyaJjaka hai pradhAna rUpa meM nahIM / usI vyavadhAyaka ke vyavadhAna ko bAghaka mAnA jAtA hai jo pratikUla aura pradhAna ho / jo vyavadhAyaka anuguNa (anukUla) aura apradhAna (sahakArI) hai usake vyavadhAna ko karaNatva kA bAdhaka nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / yaha vyAkhyA paramAnanda Adi vidvAnoM kI hai| hamArI rAya to yaha hai ki kucha AlaMkArika yaha mAnate haiM ki anvayabodha meM saMskAra ke kAraNa upasthita pada bhI bhAsita hotA hai| yaha bAta vAkyapadIya ko kArikA "na so'sti pratyayo loke yaH zabdAnugamArate / " anuviddhamidaM jJAnaM sarvaM zabdena bhAsate // " - batAyI gayI hai arthAt loka meM koI bhI pratyaya (bodha) aisA nahIM hai jo anugata zabda na ho / arthAt saMsAra ke samasta bodha meM zabda anupraviSTa rahatA hai| saba jJAna zabdAnuviddha hokara hI pratItipatha meM bhAsita hotA hai / isa taraha prAthamika bodha meM saMskAra-pravAhita pada hI vyaJjaka hotA hai; prAthamika artha nhiiN| isalie virAmadoSa kA bhI avakAza nahIM hai / prathamArtha ke bAda virAma ho, taba na, " zabdabuddhi karmaNAM viramya vyApArAbhAvaH " ke lie avasara ho, yahA~ to prathamArtha pratIti meM bhAsita pada se dvitIyArtha kI pratIti ho jAtI hai, isalie na virAma hai aura na vyApArAntara yA arthAntara kA vyavadhAna / ataH zabda ko karaNa banane meM koI bAdhA nahIM huI / pUrva samAdhAna meM bhI vyajayabodha eka vyavahitabodha to rahA hii| aisI sthiti meM zabda hI kyoM vyaJjaka ho artha ko vyaJjaka kyoM na mAneM ? isake samAdhAna meM likhate haiM: artho'pi ...... sahakArI rUpa meM artha ko bhI vyaJjaka mAnate hI haiN| arthakaraNa (arthasAdhita) hote hue bhI vyaGgayabodha zabda kaise mAnA jAtA hai; isakA samAdhAna hai| "sahakAritayA"--arthAt artha sahakArIrUpa meM vyaJjaka hai| kevala arthakaraNaka jJAna hI azAbda hotA hai yaha jJAna (vyaGgayabodha) to artha sahakRta zabdakaraNaka hai| isalie isa jJAna meM zAbdatva kI kamI nahIM AyI /

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dvitIya ullAsaH 145 JORAMAAL tatheti vyasjaka: / iti kAvyaprakAze 'zabdArthasvarUpanirNayo' nAma dvitIya ullAsaH // 2 // yeti, kevalArthakaraNakameva jJAnamazAbdam idaM tvarthasahakRtazabdakaraNakamiti na zAbdatvahAnirityarthaH / nanvanekArthasyetyAdinA zabdasyaivAtra vyaJjakatvaM nArthasyeti labhyate, tathA ca 'bhadrAtmana' ityAdikAvyasya prakRSTavyaGgyavacchabdArthayugala tathA vyaGgayarahitAdhamakAvyaprakAze tatra vyaJjanAvyavasthAparazabdasya tu parAvRttyasahatvena prAdhAnyamAtramiti noktalakSaNakSatiriti bhAvaH / vastutastu tadyukto vyaJjakaH zabda ityanena vyaJjanayuktazabdatvaM vyaJjakazabdalakSaNamuktaM tatra ca zabdapadaM vyartham arthasyApi A~kha se dekhane ke bAda jo ghara kA jJAna hotA hai; vaha kevala arthakaraNaka hai; isalie usa cAkSuSa pratyakSa ko azAgdajJAna kahate haiM parantu "bhadrAtmanaH" ityAdi meM jo dvitIyArthajJAna huA hai vaha arthajJAnasahakRta zabdakRta hai| isalie ise zAbdajJAna kahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM aayii| (yahA~ se Age paGkti meM lekhana kA kucha pramAda pratIta hotA hai ?) : "anekArthasya zabdasya" isa kArikA meM zabda ko vyajakatva batAyA gayA hai artha ko nahIM; aisA pratIta hotA hai / aisI sthiti meM" "bhadrAtmanaH" ityAdi zloka meM jahA~ ki zabda aura artha donoM milajulakara prakRSTa aura praprakaSTa vyaGgya se yukta haiM, ukta kArikA kA lakSaNasamanvaya kaise hogA? tAtparya yaha hai ki "bhadrAtmanaH" yahA~ pUrvokta nirNaya ke anusAra zabda hI vyaJjaka hai isalie zabda ko hI prakRSTa mAnanA pdd'egaa| vyajaka na hone ke kAraNa artha aprakRSTa hai phira vahA~ uttamakAvya kA lakSaNa nahIM ghttegaa| kyoMki mammaTa ne svayaM (sU02) kI vRtti meM likhA hai ki "vyaGgayabhAvitavAcyavyaGgayavyaJjanakSamasya dhvaniriti vyavahAraH" arthAta vAcyArtha ko gauNa banA dene vAle vyaGgadhArtha ko abhivyakti karAne meM samartha zabda aura artha donoM ke lie dhvani vyavahAra hotA hai| "bhadrAtmanaH" meM to pUrva vicAra ke anusAra kevala zabda vyaJjaka hai isalie use dhvanikAvya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| uttara hai ki vahA~ parivartana ko nahIM sahana karanevAlA zabda prakRSTa vyaJjaka hai aura sahakArI artha aprakRSTa vyajaka, isalie dhvani kAvya ke lakSaNa ke ghaTane meM yahAM koI bAdhA nahIM huI isalie avyAptidoSa nahIM huaa| isaliye mAnanA cAhie ki yaha lakSaNa zAbdI vyakajanA kA hai ? zAbdI vyajanA vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ paryAyaparivartana se vyaGgaya meM bAdhA paDatI hai| zAbdI vyaJjanA meM zabdaparivartana asahanIya hotA hai / isIlie isako 'zabdaparivRttyasaha' kahA gayA hai| isa lie yahAM zabda kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| yahI batAne ke lie kArikA meM "zabdasya" kahA gayA hai yadi aisA na mAneM to avyApti aura ativyApti doSa kahAM jAegA; kyoMki ArthI vyaJjanA meM jahAM artha vyaJjaka hai aura zabda bhI vyaJjaka hai to ativyApti doSa hogaa| vyaGgayarahita adhama kAvya meM zabda hai isalie yatra yatra evavidhazabdatvam tatra-tatra vyaGgayatvam' kaheM to vahA~ bhI vyaGgaya honA caahie| parantu jaba mAnate haiM ki zAbdI vyaJjanA meM zabda parivRttyasaha hotA hai to adhama kAvya meM zAbdI vyaJjanA kA lakSaNa nahIM ghtttaa| isa taraha zAbdI vyaJjanA aura ArthI vyaJjanA kA bhedakatattva zabda-parivRttyasahatva aura zabdaparivRttisahatva ko hI mAnanA cAhie / "bhadrAtmanaH" isa zloka meM zabdoM ke aparivartanIya hone ke kAraNa zabdoM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa zAbdI vyaJjanA mAnane para bhI sahakArI ke rUpa meM artha vyaJjaka hai hI, isalie dhvanikAvya ke lakSaNasamanvaya meM bAdhA nahIM aayii| adhamakAvya meM "evaMvidhazabdatva" ke hone para bhI parivartanasaha zabda ke hone ke kAraNa doSa nahIM huaa|

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146 kAvya-prakAzaH vyaJjakatvena tatrAtivyApterabhAvAdityata Aha-yaditi, tathA cArthasyAvyaJjakatvena tatrAtivyAptivAraNameva zabdapadamiti bhAva iti vyAcakSmahe / nRsiNhmniissaayaaH| / iti kAvyaprakAze "zabdArtha-svarUpa-nirNayo" nAma dvitIyaH smullaasH|| vastutaH "tayukto vyaJjakaH zabdaH" isake dvArA vyaJjanayukta zabdatva ko hI vyaJjaka zabda kA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai ; vahA~ 'zabda' pada kA niveza vyartha hai kyoMki artha bhI vyaJjaka hotA hai isalie 'zabda' pada kA lakSaNa meM niveza nahIM karane para bhI ativyApti nahIM dI jA sktii| isIlie kahate haiM "yat so'rthAntarayuka tthaa"| tAtparya yaha hai ki artha ke avyajaka hone ke kAraNa vahA~ sambhAvita ativyApti ke nivAraNa ke lie 'zabda' pada kA niveza kiyA gayA hai yaha 'nasiMhamanISA' kA tAtparya rahA hogA aisA hameM lagatA hai| sU0 33 aura 34 kA artha isa prakAra hai ki 'usa vyaJjanAvyApAra se yukta zabda vyaJjaka kahalAtA hai / .. vaha vyajaka zabda dUsare artha ke yoga se (arthAt apane mukhyArtha ko bodhana karane ke bAda usa prakAra kA arthAt dUsare kA vyaJjaka) hotA hai, isalie usake sAtha sahakArI rUpa se artha bhI vyaJjaka mAnA gayA hai| 1. atra 'nRsiMhakavikRtA nRsiMhamanISAnAmnI kAvyaprakAzaTIkA' ityAdi khaNDitaH pAThaH /

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tRtIya ullAsaH [arthavyaJjakatA-nirUpaNAtmakaH] [sU0 35] arthAH proktAH purA teSAm - nanvarthe nirUpite taddharmo vyaJjanA sunirUpA bhavati, tat kutastamanAdRtya vyaJjanAnirUpaNamityata Aha-arthA iti, tathA ca vAcyAdayastadarthAH syuriti granthenaivArthA nirUpitA iti na tadanAdara iti pradIpakRtaH / vayaM tu- nanu zabdavyaJjanAyAmabhidhAlakSaNA-mUlatvapradarzanAdabhidheyalakSyayorevArthayorapi vyaJjakatoktirarthavyaJjakatocyata ityanena mA prasAGkSIditi prathamamarthamevAha-arthA iti / tathA ca na ullAsa saMgati , dvitIya ullAsa meM zabda tathA artha ke svarUpa kA nirNaya karate hue mammaTa ne zabda ke tIna bheda batAye haiM- 'vAcaka, lakSaka aura vyaJjaka / artha ke tIna bhedoM kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA jA cukA hai ve bheda haiM- vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya / sAtha-sAtha lAkSaNika zabdoM ke prasaGga meM 'prayojanavatI lakSaNA' meM prayojana ke bodha ke lie vyaJjanAvRtti kI AvazyakatA kA bhI varNana kiyA jA cukA hai| vaha vyaJjanA-vRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai| 1-zAbdI vyaJjanA aura 2-ArthI vyaJjanA / unameM zAbdI vyaJjanA do prakAra kI hotI hai---1-abhidhAmUlA aura 2-lakSaNAmUlA / dvitIya ullAsa meM zAbdI vyaJjanA ke ina donoM bhedo kA nirUpaNa kiyA jA cukA hai| isa tatIya ullAsa meM prArthI vyaJjanA ke samasta bhedoM kA sodAharaNa nirUpaNa karanA hai| isIse isa ullAsa kA nAma "arthavyaJjakatA-nirUpaNa" rakhA gayA hai| isa ullAsa ke prArambha meM pUrvakathita arthoM kA smaraNa dilAte hue granthakAra ArthI vyaJjanA kA nirUpaNa prArambha karate hue likhate haiM- "arthAH proktAH purA tessaam"| isI Azaya ko TIkAkAra yahA~ vividha praznottaroM ke dvArA prakaTa karate haiM artha ke bheda-artha ke nirUpaNa kiye jAne para hI usake dharma, vyaJjanA kA nirUpaNa acchI taraha kiyA jA sakatA hai| isalie artha dharma kA nirUpaNa chor3akara vyaJjanA kA nirUpaNa kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai ? isa prazna ke uttara ke lie kahate haiM-"arthAH proktAH" arthAta "vAcyAvayastadarthAH syuH" isa grantha ke dvArA hI arthoM kA pratipAdana kiyA jA cukA hai| isalie yahA~ artha-nirUpaNa kI ora se A~kha banda nahIM karalI gayI hai| aisA mata pradIpakAra kA hai| hama to isa grantha kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra karate haiM- granthakAra ne socA hogA ki zALA vyaJjanA ke abhidhAmUlA aura lakSaNAmUlA ke rUpa meM do bheda batAye gaye haiM isalie "arthAH proktAH" yaha na kaha kara yadi kevala yahI kaheM-"arthavyajakatocyate" to kisI ko yaha bhI bhrama ho sakatA hai ki "arthavyaJjakatocyate" yahA~ artha pada se abhidheya bhaura lakSaNa artha hI liye gaye haiM aura isa ullAsa meM abhidheya aura lakSya arthoM kI hI vyaJjakatA batAyI jA rahI hai, isa bhrama ke nivAraNa ke liye pahale hI likha dete haiM- 'arthAH iti' isase yaha prakaTa huA ki yahAM na kevala vAcya aura lakSya kI hI vyanjakatA kahI jA rahI hai kintu vyaGgaya kI vyaJjakatA bhI batAyI jA

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148 kAvya-prakAzaH arthA vaacylkssyvynggyaaH| teSAM vAcaka-lAkSaNika- vyajakAnAm / [sU0 36] - arthavyaJjakatocyate / kIdRzItyAhakevala vAcyalakSyayoreva vyaJjakatocyate, api tu vyaGgayasyApIti bhAvaH, ata eva vyaGgayamantarbhAvya vyAcaSTe- arthA ityAdineti vyAcakSmahe / teSAmityasyArthaparatve vyaJjakatetyAdyagrimagranthAnanvaya ityato vyAcaSTe- vAcaketi / sarveSAmarthAnAmavyaJjakatvamAlokya pRcchati-kIdRzIti / vaktriti tathA ca sahakArivizeSaviziSTAnAM vyajakatvAdasArvatrikatvaM na doSAyeti bhAva iti praanycH| vayaM ta-vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatva'navasthApattiH ataH kIdRzI sarveSAmarthAnAM vyaJjakatetyata AhetyavatArikArthaH, vaktriti, tathA ca yatra va vaktrAdivalakSaNyarUpasahakArisamavadhAnaM tatra va vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatvaM nAnyatreti nAnavastheti bhAvaH, athavA zabde'stu vyaJjanA arthasya tu liGgavidhayava gamakatvasambhavAdanumAnenAnyathA siddheH rahI hai| isIlie vyaGgaya ko bhI arthoM meM (vAcya aura lakSya ke sAtha) antaHpraviSTa karate hue likhate haiM-'ardhA' iti / arthAH proktAH purA teSAm" meM teSAm pada se yadi arthoM kA parAmarza kiyA jAya to kArikA meM Age nirdiSTa "artha-vyajakatA" pada kA unake sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakegA, isIlie vRtti meM "teSAm" kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM-'vAcakalAkSaNikavyaJjakAnAm" isase ucita anvaya hokara artha nikalA ki 'arthoM kA varNana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai unake arthAt vAcaka, lAkSaNika aura vyaJjaka zabdoM ke vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya tIna prakAra ke jathaM batAye jA cu| haiM; unakI arthavyaJjakatA arthAt una para Azrita 'ArthI vyaJjakatA' kA aba nirUpaNa karate haiMprArtho vyaJjanA ke bheda sabhI prakAra ke artha, vyaJaka nahIM ho sakate haiM yaha mAnakara pUchate haiM ki-'kIdRzI" arthAt arthavyajakatA kisa prakAra kI hotI hai-vaktaboddhavyakAkUnAm / (sUtra 67) 1. vaktA, 2. boddhavya, 3. kAku, 4. vAkya, 5. vAcya, 6. anyasannidhi 7-prastAva, deza, (kAla (Adi zabda grAhya) ceSTAdi ke vaiziSTya, se pratibhAvAn sahRdayoM ko anyA kI pratIti karAne vAlA artha kA jo vyApAra hotA hai, vaha ArthI vyaJjanA hA kahalAtA hai| vakta Adi sahakArI-vizeSa se viziSTa arthoM meM hI vyaJjakatA svIkAra kI gayI hai isalie sabhI prakAra ke artha yadi vya ka nahIM hote haiM to yaha koI doSa nahIM hai| yaha prAcIna AcAryoM kA mata hai| hama to isa prakAra vyAkhyA karate haiM- vyaGgaya bhI yadi vyaJaka hogA to anavasthAdoSa hogaa| isalie sabhI prakAra ke arthoM kI vyajakatA kisa prakAra kI honI caahie| isake lie kahA gayA hai "vakta" ityAdi yaha avataraNa grantha kA artha hai| isa taraha sida hai ki jahA~ bastu Adi kI vilakSaNatArUpa sahakAritA kI sattA rahegI vahIM vyaGgaya bhI vyamjaka hogA, aura jagaha nhiiN| isalie vyaGga ko dhyaJjaka mAnane meM kisI prakAra kI anavasthA mahIM hogii| hameM yaha yahA~ ke grantha kA tAtparya pratIta hotA hai| athavA zabda meM vyajanA mAnate haiM to mAniye, artha meM vyaJjanA mAnane kI to koI AvazyakatA hai mahIM, kyoMki artha to liGga ke dvArA hI vyajaka hogA, liMga (hetu) rahane para so anumAna se hI siddha ho jAyagA,

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tRtIya ullAsaH 146 [sU0 37] vaktRboddhavyakAkUnAM vAkyavAcyAnyasaMnnidheH // 21 // prastAvadezakAlAdeziSTyAtpratibhAjuSAm / yo'rthasyAnyArthadhIhetuApAro vyaktireva sA // 22 // kIdRzyarthavyaJjakatetyata Aheti tadarthaH vatriti (?) tathA cAnumAne hetumAtramapekSaNIyamiti vaktrAdivailakSaNyaM vinA'pi tadarthabodhApattiH ato vaktRvailakSaNyAdisahakRtavyaJjanaiva tAdRzabodhajaniketi bhAva iti vyAcakSmahe / vAkyavAcyAbhyAM sahito'nyasannidhiH vAkyavAcyAnyasannidhiH ato na dvandvaikavadbhAve napuMsakatvamityavadheyam / nanu yadyarthasya vyaJjakatvaM tadA kathaM na sarveSAM tAdRzArthapratipattiliGgavidhayA gamakatve tu naiSa doSaH, vyAptipakSadharmatAjJAnavatAmeva tatpratItyabhyupagamAdityata Aha-pratibhAjuSAmiti / pratibhA vAsanA navanavonmeSazAlinI prajJeti yAvat, tathA ca vakta vaiziSTayAdajJAnotthApitapratibhAyAmeva satyAM vyaGgyavyaJjanA mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, yaha bhI 'kodazI' isa avataraNa kA tAtparya ho sakatA hai| isakA uttara dete hue likhA gayA hai "vakviti" / arthAt anumAna meM to hetumAna kI apekSA rahatI hai kintu vyaJjanA meM vaktrAdi-vailakSaNya kI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai| anumAna mAnane para vakta Adi ke valakSaNya ke na rahane para vyaGgayadhodha hone lgegaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'samAna artha rahane para bhI yadi vilakSaNa vaktA yA boddhavya Adi nahIM rahatA hai to vyaGgaya nahIM hotA hai / anumAna mAnane para to hetu rahane se saba jagaha vyaGgaya kI pratIti honI cAhie / isaliye vakta-valakSaNyAdi-sahakRta vyaJjanA hI usa prakAra ke bodha kI jananI hai aisA mAnanA caahie|' vAkyavAcyAnyasannidheH" meM "vAkyaJca vAcyaJca" isa vigraha meM pahale dvandva karake phira "vAkyavAcyAbhyAM sahito'nyasannidhiH" isa vigraha meM zAkapArthivaH kI taraha madhyamapadalopI samAsa mAnA gayA hai| isalie samAhAradvandu karane se eka vacana kI upapatti hone para bhI napuMsakatva kI prApti se rUpAsiddhi nahIM huii| vAkya, vAcya aura anyasannidhi meM yahAM tripadadvandva nahIM mAnA gayA hai| yadi artha vyaJjaka hotA hai to artha samajhane vAle sabhI vyaktiyoM ko usa prakAra ke artha kI (vyaGgaya artha kI) pratipatti kyoM nahIM hotI ? yadi liGga kI vidhA arthAt anumAna se pratIti mAnate haiM to doSa nahIM hotA, kyoMki anumAnajanya bodha vyApti, pakSadharmatA (yatra yatra dhumastatra tatra vahi nariti sAhacaryaniyamo vyApti: vyApyasya parvatAdivRttitvaM pakSadharmatA) jJAna rakhane vAloM ko hI hotA hai / isa prazna ke uttara ke lie kahate haiM :-"pratibhAjuSAm" arthAt vAsanAvAle sahRdayoM ko hI vya imyabodha hotA hai| artha samajhanevAle yadi sahRdaya nahIM hai, to unheM vyaGgyabodha nahIM hogaa| 'pratibhAjUSAma' kA artha hai pratibhAsampannAnAma / pratibhA kA artha hai vAsanA, navIna navIna udbhAvanA se zobhAyamAna prajJA (buddhi)| isa taraha vaktaboddhavya Adi jJAna se utthApita pratibhA rahane para hI vyaGgya kI pratIti hogii| isIlie vyAptijJAna meM vilamba hone para jaise anumAna meM vilambatA AtI hai isa taraha vyaGgya bodha bakta Adi zAna se utyApita pratibhA se pratibhA meM hI ho jAtA hai| ataH anumAna se vyajanA kI anyathAsiddhi nahIM dikhAyI jA sakatI / kArikA meM vyakti' kA artha "vyaJjanA" hai / boddhavya kA artha 'bodhitu yogyaH" isa vyutpatti se 'vAcya' hI hotA hai aisI sthiti meM 'vAcya' ke sAtha punarukta doSa na ho jAe isalie "bodhayitu yogyaH boddhavyaH" isa vyutpatti ke dvArA Nyanta budha dhAtu se 'boddhavya' zabda kI siddhi mAnakara antarbhAvita Nyartha ke rUpa meM isa zabda kI vyAkhyA karate haiM- "pratipAdyaH" arthAt zrotA vaha vyaktivizeSa jise kahA jAtA ho / pUrva nirdiSTa (antarbhAvita

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150 tRtIya ullAsaH boddhavyaH pratipAdyaH / kAkulanervikAraH / prastAva: prakaraNam / arthasya vAcyalakSyavyaGgayAtmanaH / krameNodAharaNAni / aipihulaM jalakubhaM ghetta raNa samAgadahmi sahi turin| samaseasalilaNIsAsaNIsahA vIsamAmi khaNaM // 13 // (atipRthulaM jalakumbhaM gRhItvA samAgatAsmi sakhi ! tvaritam / zramasvedasalilaniHzvAsaniHsahA vizrAmyAmi kSaNam // 13 // ) pratItiH na tu vyAptyAdijJAnavilambena vilamba iti nAnumAnenAnyathA siddhirvyaJjanAyA iti bhAvaH / vyaktiyaMjanA, boddhavyapadasya vAcyArthatve paunaruktyApatterantarbhAvitaNyarthatayA vyAcaSTe-pratipAdya iti puruSavizeSaH, evamanavasthoddhAre vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatvasambhavAt marveSAmevArthAnAM vyaJjakatveM. yo'rtha- . syetyarthapadaM vAcyalakSyavyaGgayarUpasakalArthaparatayA vyAcaSTe'rthasya vAcyalakSyavyaGgayAtmana iti, yadvA vyaGgayAtmana ityatra vyaGgayapadena zabdavyaGgayArthavyaGgayayorupAdAnam, tathA cArthasya liGgavidhayA gamakatve ('numitA) [vyaGgyA] numAnAzrayaNena vyAptipakSadharmatAjJAnavilambena vilambinI tatpratItiH syAditi nAnumAnena vyaJjanAnyathAsiddhiriti bhAvamAkalayAmaH / ___krameNeti / pratijJAmAtreNArthAsiddhirityanubhavaM pramANayitumudAharaNAni krameNa dIyanta ityarthaH / ai-iti atipRthulaM jalakumbhaM gRhItvA samAgatA'smi sakhi ! tvaritam / zramasvedasalilaniHzvAsa-nissahA vizrAmyAmi kSaNam / / 13 / / , NyarthAtmaka vyAkhyAdi) upAya dvArA isa taraha anavasthA doSa kA nirAkaraNa karane para vyaGgya ko bhI vyaJjakatva kI sambhAvanA jaba mAna lI gayI taba sabhI arthoM kI vyaJjakatA svayaM siddha ho jAtI hai| aisI sthiti meM "yo'rthasya" yahA~ ke 'artha'pada vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgyarUpa sabhI arthoM kA bodhaka hai aisI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM "arthasya vaacylkssyvynggyaatmnH"| athavA "vyaGgayAtmanaH" yahA~ vyaGgayapada se zabdavyaGgaya aura arthavyaGgaya donoM prakAra ke vyaGgayoM kA upAdAna mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha granthakAra yaha batAnA cAhate haiM ki artha yadi liGgavidhA se (liGgarUpa meM) gamaka aryAt anumApaka banegA, to anumeyatvena abhimata arthAt anumeya mAnA gayA vaha vyaGgaya anumAna ke Azraya ke kAraNa (anumAna meM apekSita) vyApti aura pakSa dharmatAjJAna ke vilamba se vilambase pratIta hone lagegA isalie anumAna se vyanjanA kI anyayAsiddhi nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, yaha bhAva yahA~ pratIta hotA hai| "krameNa dAharaNAni" kevala pratijJA mAtra se arthAt koI vastu kathanamAtra se pramANita nahIM ho jAtI hai yaha hama saba jAnate haiM ata: ise pramANita karane ke lie kramika udAharaNa dete haiN| ArthIvyaJjanA ke ukta dasoM prakAroM ke kramazaH udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM : 1. vaktA ke vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa-'ai pihala' ityAdi koI apanI sakhI se kahatI hai ki he

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tRtIya ullAsaH atra cauryaratagopanaM vyajyate / proNNidaM dovvallaM ciMtA alasattaNaM saNIsasighraM / ___ jalakumbhaM jalapUrNakumbhaM tena durvahatvaM, gRhItvetyanena mayevotthApya gRhIto na tvanyayA sAhAyyamAcaritamityAyAsAtizayo vyajyate, saho balaM, atreti svairiNIpratipAditatvena pratisandhIyamAnatvAd vAcyArtha eva ratakArya zramAdikaM jalapUrNakumbhAnayanAdijanyatvena pratipAdayatIti vyajyate, anumAnasya vaktavalakSaNyajJAnAnapekSatayA vAcyArthamAtrasya sAdhvIpratipAditasya gopanavyabhicAritvAditi bhAvaH, evamagre'pyUhyam / atra jalapadaM jalapUrNe lAkSaNikam, gRhItveti padaM svayamevotthApya gRhItatvarUpAntarasaGkramitavAcyamiti, lakSyArthasyApi vyaJjakatvaM, tathA tadrvyavyaGgayayodurvahatvAyAsAtizayayorapi vyaJjakatvamAkalanIyam / progiha miti aunnidrayaM daurbalyaM cintA'lasatvaM saniHzvasitam / sakhI, maiM bar3A bhArI pAnI se bharA huA ghar3A lekara bahuta vega se A rahI huuN| parizrama ke kAraNa pasInA aura niHzvAsa se parezAna ho gayI hai| isalie thor3I dera yahA~ baiThakara vizrAma kruuNgii| vyaGgaya "jalakumbham" kA artha hai jala se bharA huA ghdd'aa| isase usake bhArI hone kI tathA uThAne meM kaThinAI kI pratIti hotI hai| 'gRhItvA' pada se sUcita hotA hai ki 'maiMne hI ise uThAyA hai aura maiM hI yahA~ taka lAyI hai kisI aura ne isa kAma meM kisI prakAra kI sahAyatA nahIM pahuMcAyI hai|' isa taraha ina padoM se atizaya AyAsa vyaGgaya hotA hai| (saho balama) (yahA~ kucha aspaSTa hai) "atra cauryaratagopanaM vyajyate" isameM vaktA ke vaiziSTaya se cauryarata chipAne kI pratIti hotI hai| . isa padya kI vaktrI svairiNI nAyikA hai isa pUrvajJAna ke kAraNa zloka kA jalapUrNa ghaTa ke AnayanAdi rUpa meM nirdiSTa vAcyArtha hI ratakArya zramAdi ko abhivyakta karatA hai anumAna ke dvArA nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| kyoMki anumAna vaktA ke vilakSaNa hone se badalatA nahIM hai| 'parvato buddhimAn' kA vaktA koI bhI ho, anumAna to hogA hii| paranta "atiprathalam" isa padya kI vaktA yadi sAdhvI hotI to yahA~ cauryaratagopanarUpa vyaGgaca kI pratIti nahIM hotii| isalie "yatra yatravaMvidho'rthaH tatra-tatra cauryaratagopanam" isa sAhacaryaniyama meM vyabhicAra Ane ke kAraNa vyAptigraha ke abhAva meM anumAna nahIM ho sktaa| isI tAtparyavizeSa ko sUcita karane ke lie yahA~ 'vyajyate' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 'vyajyate' zabda ne jora dekara sUcita kiyA hai ki "vyajyate na tu anumiiyte"| yahAM "jalambham" meM jalapada lakSaNA ke dvArA jalapUrNa artha ko prakaTa karatA hai / "gRhItvA" pada samAnakartA hone para vidhIyamAna ktvA pratyaya se yukta hone ke kAraNa svayaM hI uThAkara lAne kA artha prakaTa karatA hai. isalie yahA~ 'grahItvA' pada svayaM hI uThAkara lAne jaise arthAntara meM saMkramita ho gayA hai ata: yahA~ arthAntara vAcya hai| isa prakAra pUrvokta padya meM na kevala vAcyArtha kI vyaJjakatA dikhAyI gayI hai kintu lakSyArtha kI vyaJjakatA bhI lakSita hotI hai| isI taraha yahA~ pUrvokta donoM lakSyArthoM ke vyaGgaya-durvahatva (atyanta bhArIpana) aura use uThAkara lAne meM atyanta parizramarUpa artha bhI vyaJjaka haiN| isalie isa padya meM vyaGgayArtha kI vyaJjakatA bhI dikhAyI gaI hai| ataH yahA~ vAcya, lakSya aura vyaGgaya tInoM prakAra ke arthoM kI vyaJjakatA jAnanI caahie| 2. boddhavya vaiziSTaya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa-oNNi ityAdi / kheda hai ki he sakhi, mujha mandabhAginI

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152 kAmya-prakAza maha maMdabhAiNIe keraM sahi tuha vi ahaha parihavai // 14 // (aunnidraya daurbalyaM cintAlasatvaM sniHshvsitm| mama mandabhAginyAH kRte sakhi tvAmapi ahaha! paribhavati // ) atra dUtyAstatkAmukopabhogo vyajyate / tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA nRpasadasi pAJcAlatanayAM, vane vyAdhaiH sAkaM suciramuSitaM valkaladharaiH / mama mandabhAginyAH kRte tvAmapyaha ! paribhavati // 14 // (zlokaH) tuheti karmaNi SaSThI, tuheti karmaNi nipAta evetyanye / atreti kAlAntarAvagatAparAdhAyAH pratipAdyAyA iti zeSaH, tena sambodhyavailakSaNyavazAdetad vyaGgayabhAnamityarthaH / atra mama kRta. ityasya viparItalakSaNayA svakRta iti mandabhAginyA ityasya bhAgyavatyA ityarthe lakSyasya vyaJjakatvam, kAmukopabhogena dUtIkAmukayoraparAdhavyaJjane vyaGgayasyApi vyaJjakatvamAkalanIyam / tathAbhUtAmiti / tathAbhUtAmAkRSTavasanAM gRhItakezAdikAmanucitArambhaH sevAGgIkAraH, khinne duHkhite, khedaM kopaM khidyate'neneti vyutpatteH / atra tathAbhUtAmiti sAmAnyavacanena viziSyavacane lajjA, nRpasadasi na tu grAmyasadasi, pAJcAlatanayAM na tu grAmINatanayAM, vane na tu gRhe, vyAdhairna tu rAjabhiH, suciraM na tu kSaNamAtram, uSitaM na tUpaviSTa, valkaladharaiH na tu dukUladharaiH, virATasya sambandhino na tu aparicitasya kasyApi, anucitArambheNa na tu rAjocitena, nibhRtaM na tu prakAzamityAdInAmanauddhatyaprakAzakatayA kuruSu yogya iti vyaGgayAntaragrAhakatvaM, na ceti, vAcyaM, vaktavyaM, vyaGgyameva tathA ca vAcyasya vyaGgayasya siddhayaGgapratItikAraNaM ke kAraNa anidrA (nIMda kA na AnA), durbalatA, cintA, Alasya, niHzvAsa Adi (kaSTa) tujhe bhI bhogane par3a rahe haiN| 'taha' yahA~ karma meM SaSThI hai| koI 'tuha' zabda ko karma artha meM nipAta mAnate haiN| pUrvokta zloka meM aneka anya avasaroM para vyabhicArAdi aparAdha karane vAlI pratipAdyA dUtI kA usa nAyikA ke kAmuka ke sAtha upabhoga vyaGgaya hai / "atra ityAH" yahA~ 'dUtyAH' se "pUrva kAlAntarAvagatAparAdhAyAH pratipAdyAyAH" ina padoM kA zeSa (adhyAhAra) mAnanA cA e| isase yahA~ samboddha ya (pratipAdya yA boddhavya) ke vaiziSTaya se (tatkAmukopabhoga) vyaGgaya kA bhAna hotA hai| yahA~ mama kRte (mere kAraNa) aura mandabhAginI (abhAginI) ityAdi padoM meM viparIta lakSaNA mAnI gayI hai isalie kramaza: inakA artha hotA hai "apane lie" aura 'bhaagyvtii'| isa prakAra yahA~ lakSya artha meM vyajakatA hai| kAmuka ke upabhoga dvArA dUtI aura kAmuka donoM ke aparAdha ko vyaGgaya mAnane para vyaGgaya meM bhI yahA~ vyaJjakatA AtI hai| isa taraha yahA~ bhI vividha arthoM meM vyaJjakatA dekhI jA sakatI hai| 3. kAkU ke vaiziSTaya meM vyajanA kA udAharaNa -"tathAbhUtAm dRSTvA.."kAkU kA artha hotA haivizeSa prakAra kI kaNThadhvani arthAt bolane kA vizeSa prakAra kA lahajA ! usa vizeSa prakAra ke bolane ke DhaMga se jo artha kI vyaJjanA hotI hai usI kA pratipAdana yahA~ kiyA gayA hai / 'veNIsaMhAra' nATaka ke prayama aGka meM sahadeva kI bhIma se kahatA hai ki 'Apake isa vyavahAra ko sunakara "kadAcit khidyate guruH" zAyada guru arthAt yudhiSThira nArAja hoN|' isake uttara meM bhImasena kI yaha ukti hai ki "guruH khedamapi jAnAti" acchA guru arthAt rAjA yudhiSThira nArAja honA bhI jAnate haiM to phira-- usa rAjasabhA meM pAJcAlI (draupadI) kI usa prakAra kI (bAla aura vastra khIMce jAne

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tRtIya ullAsa: 153 virATasyAvAse sthitamanucitArambhanibhRtaM, guruH khedaM khinne mayi bhajati nAdyApi kuruSu // 15 // atra mayi na yogyaH khedaH kuruSu tu yogya iti kAkvA prakAzyate / kAkuriti guNIbhUtavyaGgayaM kAkvAkSiptatvarUpaM na zaGkayamityarthaH / prazneti / sahadeva ! guruH khedaM mayi jAnAtIti praznopakrame zlokAvatArAdatrApi kimiti gurumayi khedaM bhajati na kuruSviti praznaparatve kAkvA grAhite prakRtavAkyArthAdeva vyaGgayArthopasthitiriti na kAkuH tadupasthitijanikA, yatra tu vyaGgayArthopa kI) avasthA ko dekhakara (guru nArAja nahIM hue. unako krodha nahIM AyA),phira vana meM valkala dhAraNa karake (bAraha varSa) taka vyAdhoM ke sAtha rahate rahe (taba bhI unako krodha nahIM AyA), phira virAT ke ghara meM (rasoiyA Adi ke) anucita kAryoM ko karake chipakara jo hama rahe (usa samaya bhI guru ko krodha nahIM AyA) aura Aja bhI unako kauravoM para to krodha nahIM A rahA hai (jo ki AnA cAhie thA) isake viparIta maiM jaba kauravoM para krodha karatA hU~ to ve mujha para nArAja hote haiN| yahA~ mujha para nArAja honA ucita nahIM hai, kauravoM para nArAja honA ucita hai, yaha kAku se prakAzita hotA hai| zabdArtha-- tathAbhUtAm = vastra rahita kI gayI tathA bAla pakar3akara khIMcI gyii| anucitArambhaH= anucita kArya karanA, kSatriyoM ke lie nindanIya kArya naukarI karanA, vaha bhI rasoiyA Adi kA kArya krnaa| khinne-duHkhI hone para / khedaH kopa / khidyate duHkhI hote haiM, jisase, vaha kheda kahalAtA hai arthAt kopa / "tathAbhUtAm" isa sAmAnya vacana se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki draupadI ke sAtha jo durvyavahAra huA use spaSTa zabdoM meM una durvyavahAroM ke vAcaka zabdoM ke dvArA prakaTa karane meM lajjA AtI hai| jise zabda se bolane meM bhI lajjA AtI hai usako bhoganevAlI draupadI ko kitanA duHkha aura lajjA AyI hogI yaha kauna kaha sakatA hai ? "nRpasadasi" rAjasabhA meM gAMva kI sabhA meM nahIM / "pAJcAlatanayAm"=rAjA kI sammAnya kanyA kA apamAna huA, kisI grAmINa kanyA kA nhiiN| hama loga 'vana meM' rahe na ki 'ghara meM' / 'vyAdhoM' ke sAtha rahe rAjAoM ke sAtha nahIM / 'sucirama" eka lambI avadhi taka, lambe bAraha sAloM taka, eka kSaNa nhiiN| "uSitam" rahanA par3A, baiThe nhiiN| "valkaladharaH" valkala dhAraNa karake samaya bitAyA, 'dukUla' pahanakara nhiiN| virATa ke yahA~ jo sambandhI haiM; rahanA par3A, aisA nahIM ki kisI aparicita ke yahA~ rahe the| 'anucitArambheNa' anucita kArya vyavasAya karake rahe the, aisA nahIM ki kSatriya aura rAjA ke yogya koI kArya kiyA ho / nibhRtam-cupacApa bitAyA; khule Ama nahIM ityAdi pada anauddhatya-prakAzaka haiM taba to ucita thA ki anuddhata hama logoM para yudhiSThira krodha nahIM karate apitu kuruvaMziyoM duryodhanAdikoM para unakA krodha karanA ucita thA, ityAdi anyAnya vyaGgayoM kI pratIti yahA~ kAku ke dvArA hotI hai| yahA~ yaha prazna hotA hai ki jaise "mathnAmi kauravazataM samare na kopAt" isa zloka meM 'yadi tumhAre rAjA arthAt yudhiSThira kisI zarta para kauravoM ke sAtha sandhi kara leM, to kyA maiM yuddha meM sau kauravoM kA nAza karanA chor3a dUgA ?' ityAdi vAcyArtha, isake vaktA bhIma ke bolane ke rIti-vizeSarUpa kAku se yaha vyaGgaya artha prakaTa karatA hai ki 'bhale hI yudhiSThira sandhi kara leM, maiM to kauravoM kA nAza karake hI rahU~gA' aura yahA~ jaise kAku se AkSipta hone ke kAraNa vyaGgyakAvya mAnA gayA hai usI taraha "tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA" isa padya meM 'kAkvAkSipta' guNIbhUta vyaGgaya mAnanA cAhie

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154 kAvya-prakAzaH na ca vAcyasiddhayaGgamatra kAkuriti guNIbhUtavyaGgayatvaM zaGkayam / praznamAtreNApi kAkovizrAnteH / sthitiparyantaM kAkuvyApArastatra guNIbhUtavyaGgayatvamiti kAkvA prakAzyata iti kecit / tanna / kAkuvyaGgayatve'pyarthavyaJjakatvakSaterabhAvena zaGkAyA anutthAnAt, kAkumAtrasyAvyaJjakatvAditi kAkvA prakAzyata iti pUrvagranthavirodhenArthopasthitiparyantaM kAkorvyApArasvIkAre'pyarthavyaJjakatA'napAyena cottara. athavA yahAM kAku se yaha prazna nikalatA hai ki 'kyA guru (yudhiSThira) mujha para nArAja ho rahe haiM, kauravoM para nahIM ?' aura dUsarI bAta yaha pratIta hotI hai ki 'yudhiSThira kA mujha para krodha karanA ucita nahIM hai| unako mere sthAna para kauravoM para krodha karanA cAhie thA' yaha dUsarA artha vyaGgaya artha hai| yaha vyaGgaya artha kAku se upasthita prazna kI siddhi kA aGga pratIta hotA hai, isalie yahA~ vAcyasiddhi ke aGga hone ke kAraNa vAcyasiddhayaGga nAmaka guNIbhUta vyaGgaya mAnanA cAhie, yaha prazna vRtti ke "na ca vAcyasiddhadhaGgamatra kAkuriti guNIbhUtavyaGgaya zakyam" isa vAkya se prakaTa, . huA hai / uttara isa vAkya se diyA gayA hai "praznamAtreNApi kAkovizrAnteH" / tAtparya yaha hai ki yahA~ pUrvanirdiSTa vyaGgaya artha ko kAkU kA aGga mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| kyoMki yahA~ kAku kI vizrAnti praznamAtra prastuta kara dene se ho sakatI hai / usase vyaGgayArtha AkSipta nahIM hotA; isalie yahA~ 'kAkvAkSipta' nahIM hai / praznamAtra karake vAcya kRtArtha ho gayA hai| ataH usakI siddhi ke lie kisI vyaGgayavizeSa kI yahA~ AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isalie yahA~ vAcyasiddhayaGga bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, ataH yahA~ guNIbhUta vyaGgaya hone kI zaGkA nahIM karanI caahie| yahI bAta apane DhaMga se batAte hue TIkAkAra likhate haiM "na ceti vAcyam" kA artha hai "vktvym"| yaha praznavAkya kA zabdArtha hai| 'yahA~ vaktavya jo vyaGgaya hai usakI siddhi kA aGga arthAt pratIti kA kAraNa kAku hai isalie kAkvAkSipta nAmaka guNIbhUtavyaGgaya hone kI zaGkA nahIM karanI caahie| praznavAkya kI nayI vyAkhyA prastuta karake aba uttaravAkya kI vyAkhyA prastuta karate hue likhate haiM / pahale kisI anya kA mata prastuta karate hai :-"koI kahate haiM ki isa zloka ke pahale eka praznavAkya AyA hai| sahadeva kahatA hai ki 'kadAcit khidyate guruH' zAyada Apa para (bhIma para) yudhiSThira nArAja ho jAya ? isa para bhIma kahatA hai ki 'sahadeva, kyA yudhiSThira nArAja honA bhI jAnate haiM ?' isa prakAra prazna ke prakaraNa meM zloka ke Ane ke kAraNa "kyoM yudhiSThira mujha para hI nArAjagI lAte haiM kauravoM para krodha kyoM nahIM karate" isa prazna ko upasthita karAkara kAku samApta ho jaaygaa| isalie zloka ke vAkyArtha se hI vyaGgayArtha kI upasthiti hogii| isa taraha kAku yahA~ vyaGgaya artha kI upasthiti kI jananI nahIM hai| kAkvAkSipta guNIbhUta vyaGgaya to vahA~ hotA hai, jahAM vyaGgaya artha kI upasthiti paryanta kAku kA vyApAra rahatA hai yaha bAta 'kAkvA prakAzyate' zabda se sUcita hotI hai yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yaha yadi kAkvAkSipta guNIbhUta vyaGgaya kA udAharaNa ho to bhI yahA~ arthavyaJjakatA hai hii| yahA~ kevala arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa denA abhISTa hai / kAku se vyaGgaya artha guNIbhUta vyaGgaya ho, yA pradhAna; isase prakRta udAharaNa meM koI antara nahIM par3atA hai isalie isa prakAra kA prazna uTha hI nahIM sakatA thaa| kAkumAtra meM yahA~ vyaJjakatA nahIM hai (isalie yahA~ kAkvAkSipta vyaGgaya nahIM hai) yaha kathana 'kAkvA prakAzyate' isa pUrva grantha se viruddha hogaa| 'kAkvAkSipta vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ vyaGgaya artha kI upasthiti paryanta kAku kA vyApAra rahatA hai' aisA svIkAra karane para bhI arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa denA abhISTa hai isalie aisA prazna uThAnA cAhie jisase isakI arthavyaJjakatA meM koI doSa prakaTa ho aura uttara bhI aisA honA cAhie jo isakI arthavyaJjakatA ko pramANita kara de| isa taraha "kecita" ke dvArA prakaTa kiyA huA mata upayukta nahIM hai|

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tRtIya ullAsa: ' 155 syApyasaGgatezca / ataeva mathnAmyevetivad vAcyaniSedhaziraskapratIterasattvAnna kAkvAkSiptamityuttarArthopavarNanaM madhumatIkRtAmapAstam, zaGkAyA evAnutthAnAt / apare tu kuruSa na bhajatIti natra [I] kAkuH kimarthAt tataH svarUpAcca kimartha eva haThAkSipta iti tasyaiva guNIbhAvo nyAyyo na tu krameNApi kAkvA vyaGgayo guNIbhUto bhavatItyuttarArtha ityAhuH, tadapi na, krameNa vyaGgayasya guNIbhAvAnabhyupagame'pi kAkusahakAreNa vAcyasya vyaJjakatvodAharaNatAnapAyAt / subuddhimizrAstu paryavasite vAkyArthe'rthAntarapratItI arthavyaJjakatvaM dhvanitvaM ca, iha tu khinne khedasyAyogyatve nAnaucitya rUpavyaGgayamAdAyava 'guruH khedaM khinne mayi bhajati nAdyApi kuruSvi'ti anucitamiti vAkyArthaparyavasAnaM, yathA 'madhnAmi kauravazata' mityatra mathanAbhAvasya tadabhAvarUpavyaGgayasya caikadaiva bhAnaM, tathA cAtra vAcyasya siddhirjJAnaM tadaGga tadviSayaH kAkaH kAkavyaGgayamanaucityamityakSarArthaH / tena kAkvAkSiptaguNIbhUtaprabhedo'yamiti nArthavyaJjakateti zaGkArthaH, kAkusvareNa na sAkSAdevAnaucityarUpaM isa khaNDana se madhumatIkAra kA yaha kathana ki "madhnAmi kauravazatam" isa padya kI taraha "yahAM vAcya ke niSedhapUrvaka vyaGgaya kI pratIti nahIM hotii| isaliye kAkvAkSipta nahIM hai" bhI khaNDita ho gyaa| kyoMki kAkvAkSipta hone para bhI yahAM granthakAra jisa arthavyaJjanA kA udAharaNa denA cAhatA hai, usameM koI kamI nahIM aatii| ata: pUrvokta prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| kucha vidvAnoM ne uttaravAkya kA eka nayA abhiprAya batAyA hai use TIkAkAra 'apare tu' zabda se prArambha hone vAle vAkyoM se batAte haiM :-kucha vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki "kuruSu na bhajati khedam" kauravoM para nArAja nahIM hote hai, yaha yahA~ kAku hai / usase yahA~ kimartha AtA hai, arthAt kauravoM para nArAja kyoM nahIM hote ? isa taraha kAku se yahAM kimartha hI AkSipta hai isaliye prazna ko hI yahAM gauNa banakara prakaTa honA ucita hai / yaha ucita nahIM hai ki kama se (Agata) kAku ke dvArA prakaTa hone vAlA vyaGgaya bhI guNIbhUta bana jAya yahI yahA~ 'praznamAtreNApi kAkovizrAnteH' isa uttaravAkya kA tAtparya hai / parantu unakA yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM haiM kyoMki kramAgata vyaGgaya ko yahA~ guNIbhAva nahIM bhI mAneM to bhI kAku ke sahakAra se pratIta vAcya ke vyaJjakatva kA udAharaNa hone meM koI kamI nahIM AtI hai| subuddhi mizra ne prastuta grantha ko isa taraha samajhA aura samajhAyA hai- unake anusAra vAkyArtha-sampanna hone para jaba dUsare artha kI pratIti hotI hai taba arthavyaJjakatva yA dhvanitva mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ 'tathAbhUtAM dRSTavA' meM khinna para kheda (nArAja honA) ke ayogya hone ke kAraNa anucitatvarUpa vyaGgaya artha ko lekara hI 'guruH khedaM khinne mayi bhajati nAdyApi kuruSu' isakA 'anucita' rUpa vAkyArtha sampanna hotA hai / jaise "mathnAmi kauravazatam" yahA~ para mathanAbhAvarUpa vAcya aura mathanAbhAvArUpa (madhuMgA hI) vyaGgaya donoM kA eka sAtha hI bhAna hotA hai / yaha isa taraha yahA~ vAcya kI siddhi arthAt jJAna usakA aGga arthAt usakA viSaya kAku hai, usake dvArA vyaGgaya hai anaucitya, yaha mUla vRtti kA akSarAnusArI artha hai| isa taraha yahA~ kAkvAkSipta guNIbhUta vyaGgaya kA hI yaha eka bheda hai kintu arthavyaJjakatA nahIM hai, yaha zaMkA kA tAtparya hai aura uttara-kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kAku ke svara se sAkSAt hI anaucityarUpa vyaGgaya kI upasthiti yahAM nahIM hotI hai, yadi sAkSAt upasthita hotI to vAcya aura vyaGgaya donoM eka jJAna ke viSaya banate; kintu yahA~ kA kusvara prazna ke dvArA anaucitya rUpa vyaGgaya kA paramparAsambandha se upa-sthApaka hotA hai, isa taraha 'guruH kimiti mayi khedaM bhajati na kuruSu' yudhiSThira kyoM mujha para nArAja hote haiM; kauravoM para

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kAvya prakAzaH vyaGgayamupasthApyate yena vAcyavyaGgayayorekajJAnaviSayatA syAdapi tu praznadvArA, tathA guruH kimiti mayi khedaM bhajati na kurudhviti kAkuvyaGgaya praznaghaTitavAkyArthe paryavasanne tenAnaucityarUpavyaGgayabhAnamityuttarArtha ityAhuH / tadapyasat / mayi na yogya ityasyAnaucityArthakatve kuruSu yogya ityasya kuruviSayakakopaucityArthakasya kuruviSayakakopAbhAvAnaucityArthakatayA mUlavirodhAt / / itare tu kupitoddhatanAyakoktavAkyasya nizcitaM viparyayaparyavasAyitvaM na kAkuprakAzyamartha vinA'tra nirbahatIti vyaGgayasya vAcyasiddhAGgatvarUpaguNIbhUtatRtIyabhedateti zaGkArthaH, na kAkuratra vyajikA kintu kAkvA praznamAtrata tparye gRhIte viparItalakSaNayA viparyayaparyavasAne prakRtavAkyArthavyaGgayaH krodhaprakarSaH sa ca pradhAna eveti na nAcyasiddhayaGgatetyuttarArtha iti vadanti, tadapi kuruSu yogyaH khedo na mayIti kAkvA prakAzyata iti pUrvaphakkikAvirodhenopekSaNIyam / / _pradIpakRtastu uktena kAkuvyaGgayena bAcyasya siddhiH zobhanatvaniSpattiH kriyate tathA cAparAGgatayA vyaGgayaguNIbhUtamiti zaGkate- ati uktavyaGgayasya krodhaprakarSaparyavasannatayA vAcyasyaiva tadaGgatvAnna vyaGgayasya parAGgatetyarthaH, tathApi kAkvAkSiptarUpaguNIbhUtavyaGgaya prabhede kiM bAdhakamata Aha- . "kyoM nahIM", isa taraha ke kAku se vyaGgaya jo prazna hai, usase ghaTita vApayArtha sampanna hone para usa vAkyArtha se anaucityarUpa vyaGgaya kA bhAna hotA hai| subuddhi mizra ne yaha utaravAkya kA tAtparya * batAyA hai parantu usakA yaha kathana galata hai| mujha para krodha karanA yogya nahIM hai, isakA vyaGgaya yaha hogA ki mujhapara krodha karanA anucita hai| aisI sthiti meM "kUruSa yogyaH khedaH" isakA artha hogA ki kuruviSayaka krodha ucita hai yadi dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to vyaGgya hogA, kuruviSayaka kopAbhAva anucita hai aura aisI sthiti meM mUla grantha ke sAtha virodha aayegaa| . 'itare tu' zabda se TIkAkAra nirdiSTa grantha kA tAtparya isa prakAra batAte haiM bhIma eka kupita aura uddhata nAyaka hai, usake dvArA ukta vAkya kA viparyaya (viparItArtha) meM paryavasAna nizcita hai, parantu kAku ke dvArA prakAzita artha ke binA pUrvokta paryavasAna ho nahIM sakatA, isalie vahAM vAcya siddhayaGganAmaka guNIbhUta vyaGgaya kA tIsarA prakAra mAnanA cAhie / yaha zaGkA (vAkya). kA tAtparya hai / uttaravAkya kA tAtparya unhoMne isa taraha batAyA hai ki kAku yahA~ vyaJjaka nahIM hai| kintu kAku ke dvArA jaba praznamAtra meM tAtparyagrahaNa huA, taba viparItalakSaNA ke dvArA vAcyArtha se viparIta artha meM vAkyArtha kA paryavasAna huA / isa taraha 'tathAbhUtAma' ityAdi vAkyArtha se krodhaprakarSa vyaGgaya huA, vaha vyaGgaya pradhAna hI hai usa vyaGgaya meM vAcyasiddhayaGgatA nahIM hai| yaha mata bhI mUlagrantha se viruddha pratIta hotA hai kyoMki mUla meM likhA huA hai ki 'kuruSu yogyaH khedaH na mayi' arthAt kauravoM para krodha karanA ucita thA mujha para nahIM, yaha yahAM kAku se prakAzita hotA hai / isalie vativAkya ke viruddha hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta kalpanA ThIka nahIM jctii| - pradIpakAra kA kahanA hai ki 'ukta kAku vyaGgaya se vAcya kI siddhi arthAt zobhanatva kI niSpatti kI jA sakatI hai| isa taraha yahAM aparAGga hone ke kAraNa guNIbhUta vyaGgaya hai, yaha prazna 'na ca atra' ityAdi vAkya se uThAyA gayA hai / uttara jo 'praznamAtreNa' ityAdi vAkya se diyA gayA hai usakA tAtparya hai ki, ukta vyaGgaya krodha ke prakarSa meM samApta hotA hai isalie vaha kisI kA aGga nahIM banatA, apitu vAcya hI usakA aGga banatA hai / ataH yahA~

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tRtIya ullAsaH 157 praznamAtreNeti / yatra kAkuM vinA vAkyArthabodha eva na niSpadyate tatra vA''kSiptasya guNIbhAvo mathnA. mItyAdAvukto, na cAtra tathA guruH khedamityAdeH praznaparatve'pyupapatterityartha iti vadanti / tadapi cintyam / aparAGgatve'pyarthavyaJjakatAnapAyAcca dvitIyAzaGkAyA anutthApanAditi / vayaM tu -- 'dayitaM dRSTvA lajjA te lalane' [ityatra] dayitadarzanasya lajjAkAraNatvAvagamavat tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA mayi kopaM bhajati ityatra tathAbhUtatvadarzanaM bhImaviSayaka kopakAraNaM neti vAkyArthabodho'yogyatApa rAhataH tathAbhUtatvakA rakeSveva kopIcityAd bhImasya tadakArakatvAt tathA cakAkvA tathAbhUtatvadarzanaM kuruviSayakakopakAraNaM na bhImaviSayakakopakAraNamiti vAkyArthaH paryavasannaH, na ca mayi na yogya ityAdivyaGgayapradarzana virodhaH mayi na yogyo kopana tathAbhUtatvAdidarzana janyatvayogyaH kuruSu yogyaH tathAbhUtatvAdidarzanajanyatvayogya ityasya vyaGgaya meM parAGgatA nahIM hai tathApi yadi ise kAkvAkSiptarUpa guNIbhUtavyaGgaya kA vyaGgaya mAneM to kyA doSa hogA yaha batAte hue likhate haiM "praznamAtreNa" ityAdi / jahA~ kAku ke binA vAkyArthabodha kI niSpatti hI nahIM hotI hai, vahIM prAkSipta ko guNIbhUta vyaGgaya mAnA jAtA hai jaise ki "mathnAmi kauravazatam" ityAdi vAkya meM mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ to aisI bAta nahIM hai kyoMki "guruH khedaM khinne" ityAdi ko praznaparaka mAnane para bhI vAkyArthabodha kI upapatti hotI hai / pradIpakAra kA yaha mata bhI asaMgata hI hai kyoMki yahA~ arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa denA abhISTa hai / yadi yahA~ vyaGgeya aparAGga ho to bhI arthavyaJjakatA meM koI kamI nahIM AtI aura ise arthavyaJjakatA ke udAharaNa hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM pahu~catI / aisI sthiti meM prathama zaGkA uThatI hI nahIM hai aura kAku vyaJjakatAmAtra se bhI arthavyaJjakatA meM koI kamI nahIM Ane ke kAraNa dvitIya zaGkA kA bhI utthAna nahIM hotA / svayaM kA mata "vayantu " ....... vyAcakSmahe" ke dvArA prakaTa karate hue TIkAkAra likhate haiM jaise dayita ko dekhakara dayitA meM lajjA " lajjA te lalane" batAyI gaI hai isase pratIta hotA hai ki dayita kA darzana lajjA kA kAraNa hotA hai, vaise "tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA" isa padya meM draupadI ko usa avasthA meM dekhakara yudhiSThira mujhapara ( bhImapara) krodha karate haiM isa artha meM draupadI ko usa avasthA meM dekhanA bhIma ke prati ( yudhiSThira ke) kopa kA kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki draupadI ko usa avasthA meM pahuMcAnevAle kaurava the, bhIma nahIM, isalie usa avAcya sthiti meM pahuMcAne ke kAraNa kauravoM para hI krodha karanA ucita thA becAre bhIma ko to kopa kA bhAjana nahIM bananA cAhie, kyoMki pAMcAlI ko isa nindanIya sthiti meM pahu~cAne meM usakA kucha bhI hAtha nahIM thaa| isa taraha "tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA - - guruH khedaM khinne mayi bhajati nAdyApi kuruSu" isa zloka kA vAkyArthabodha 'vahninA siJcati' kI taraha yogyatA ( bAdhAbhAva ) ke abhAva ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA / isaliye 'kAku' kI sahAyatA se tathAbhUtatva darzana ko (draupadI kI usa arthavyavasthA - darzana ko) kaurava ke prati kopa kA kAraNa mAneMge bhIma ke prati kopa kA kAraNa nahIM / isIlie antatogatvA 'kaurava ke prati krodha karanA cAhie mujhapara ( bhIma para ) nahIM' yaha vAkyArthaM sampanna hogA / merA yaha kathana jahA~ ki 'mayi na yogyaH khedaH" ityAdi ko vAkyArtha batAyA gayA hai kAvyaprakAza ke usa vRtti grantha ke viruddha lagatA hai jahA~ ki 'mayi na yogyaH khedaH' ityAdi ko vyaGgaya batAyA hai| isa taraha virodha ke kAraNa mere mata ko asaMgata nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki 'mayi na yogyaH kheda:' isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki mere prati jo kopa hai vaha draupadI kI usa avasthA meM jo sthiti thI, usake darzana se utpanna hone yogya nahIM hai| dropadI kI usa avasthA ke darzana se utpanna hone yogya hai / isa taraha yaha artha kisI artha kA kauravoM ke prati kopa hI vyaGgaya nahIM hai kintu

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158 kAvya-prakAzaH tadarthatvAd evaM cAyamartho na kasyacidarthasya vyaGgayaH api tu kAkoreveti nArthavyaJjakatodAharaNametadityAzaGkate-na ceti, vAcyasya siddhirvyaGgaya-viSayaM jJAnaM tadaGgatatkAraNaM kAkustena guNIbhUtavyaGgayatvaM vaacyjnyaanaajnyjnyaanvissytvmityrthH,| prazneti / gRhe ghaTo'sti nAstIti vA prazne tathaivottarapraznayoH samAnAkArazabdaprayogaH praznavAkye kAkusvaraM vinA'nupapanna iti prakRte'pi 'guruH kheda'mityAdau prazne kAkusvaraH, tena guruH khedaM khinne mayi bhajati kuruSu neti kuta ityetAvati ca vAkyArthe parisamApte pazcAd 'bhrAtaraM dRSTveyaM lajjate na zvazuramiti kuta' iti prazne zvazuraM dRSTvA lajjAyuktA na bhrAtaramiti vyaGgayabhAnavanmayi na yogya: kintu kuruSviti pazcAd bhAsate na prathamamiti bhavatyatrArthavyaJjakatA, na ca pUrvoktAyogyatAsattvAt kathaM praznavAkyAdapyarthabodha iti vAcyam, bhuktvA vrajatItyatra va kvAtaH kAryakAraNabhAvAnavabhAsAd darzane bhImaviSayakakopapUrvakAlatAmAtrasyAbAdhitatvAditi bhAvaH / / kAkU se hI prakAzya hai| isIlie isa padya ko arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yaha prazna "naca" ityAdi vAkya se uThAyA gayA hai| prazna vAkya meM Aye hue "vAcyasiddhayaGgamatra kAkuriti guNIbhUtavyaGgayatvam" kA artha hai vAcya kI siddhi arthAt vyaGgayaviSayaka jJAna, usakA aGga arthAt usakA kAraNa kAku hai isIlie yahA~ guNIbhUta vyaGgayatva arthAt vAcyajJAna se ajanyajJAnaviSayatA,hai arthAt isa zloka meM vAcyajJAna se janya koI jJAna nahIM hai, isIlie yaha arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa nahIM ho sktaa| (yaha prazna vAkya kA artha hai) (uttara kA tAtparya) koI yadi pUche "gRhe ghaTo'sti ?" ghara meM ghar3A hai ? yA 'gRhe ghaTo nAsti ?' ghara meM ghar3A nahIM hai ? to uttara: bhI yahI hogA 'gRhe ghaTo'sti' yA 'gRhe ghaTo nAsti' / isa taraha prazna aura uttara meM samAnAkAraka zabdoM kA prayoga asAmaMjasya meM DAlegA? isalie praznavAkya meM kAku zabda kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka hogaa| kAkusvara (vizeSa lahaje) se prayoga karane para "gRhe ghaTo'sti" yaha vAkya praznavAkya bana jaaygaa| isalie jaise "gRhe ghaTo'sti" yA 'gRhe ghaTo nAsti" ina samAnAkAraka praznottara vAkyoM ke asamAJjasya ko miTAne ke lie "kAkusvara" kA prayoga praznavAkyoM meM kiyA jAtA hai; usI prakAra prakRta (nirdiSTa) zloka meM bhI "guruH khedam" ityAdi praznavAkyoM meM kAkusvara kA prayoga hogaa| isase yaha prazna banegA ki 'khinne mayi guruH khedaM bhajati kuruSu neti kRtaH ?' arthAta duHkhI mujha para yudhiSThira nArAja hote haiM aura kauravoM para nahIM hote haiM yaha kyoM ? isI prazna mAtra para vAkyArtha samApta ho jaaygaa| pIche jaise 'bhAI ko dekhakara yaha lajjita hotI hai zvasura ko dekhakara nahIM, yaha kyoM ?' isa prazna ke upasthita hone para 'zvasura ko dekhakara lajjA karanI cAhie, bhAI ko dekhakara nahIM' yaha vyaGgaya kA bhAna hotA hai usI taraha mujha para nArAja honA ucita nahIM hai kauravoM para krodha karanA hI ucita hai, yaha pIche vAkyArtha ke parisamApta hone para bhAsita hotA hai, vAkyArtha parisamApti ke pUrva bhAsita nahIM hotA hai / isalie yahA~ arthavyaMjakatA hai| vAha ! jisa ayogyatA kI carcA abhI-abhI Apane kI thI usake rahate praznavAkya se bhI kisa taraha arthabodha ho sakatA hai ? yahA~ ayogyatA nahIM hai ; kyoMki bAdhAbhAva ko hI yogyatA kahate haiM; vaha bAdhAbhAva yahA~ hai isalie yogyatA hai jaise bhUktvA vrajati' 'bhojana karake jAtA hai' yahA~ 'ktvA' pratyaya ke dvArA bhojana aura gamana-kriyA ke bIca kevala pUrvAparabhAva mAtra kI pratIti hotI hai| pahale bhojanakriyA huI hai aura bAda meM gamanakriyA, yahI hama ktvA pratyaya se jAnate haiM / ktvA pratyaya bhojana aura gamana ke bIca kAryakAraNa nahIM prakaTa karatA hai, arthAt ktvA pratyaya yaha prakaTa nahIM karatA ki bhojanakriyA se gamanakriyA utpanna huii| isalie vahA~ ayogyatA nahIM hai usI taraha "tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA" yahA~ ktvA pratyaya kevala tAdRza pAJcAlI ke darzana meM bhIma ke prati krodha kI pUrvakAlikatA prakaTa karatA hai; vaha itanA hI batAtA hai ki darzana ke bAda krodha utpanna huA; vaha usa darzana ko kopa kA kAraNa nahIM batAtA vaha

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tRtIya ullAsa : 156 athavA nanu 'zabdapramANavedyo'rtho vyanaktyarthAntaraM yata' ityAdinA'rthopasthitidvAraMva zabdasya sahakAritvavyavasthApanAt kAkorapi dhvanyAtmakazabdatvAdarthajJAnajananadvArA sahakAritvamupeyaM, tatra dhvanitvena kAkoravAcakatvAnna vyaGgyabodhAnukUlavAcyAntaropasthApakatvaM, prakRtavAkyArthajJAnaM ca kAkusvaraM vinaiva sambhavatIti na kAkustatra kAraNam uktavyaGgayAnukUlavyaGgayAntaropasthApane ca vyaGgarUpArthasyaiva vyaJjakatvaM na vAcyarUpArthasyeti kathaM kAku sahakAreNa vAkyArthasyAtra vyaJjakatvamudAhRtamiti zaGkate - na ceti, na siddhyaGgam asiddhayaGga siddhirvAkyArthabodhastasyAH kAraNaM na kAkuriti kRtvA guNIbhUtavyaGgayatvam anyathAsiddhavyaGgayakatvaM vAcyArthAnupasthApya vyaGgyakatvamatra vAci asmin vAkye iti na zaGkanIyamityarthaH / samAdhatte prazneti kAkusvareNa prazno'tra vyajyate vAkyena ca vAkyArtha upasthApyate, tata ubhAbhyAM vAkyaikavAkyatAvanmahAvAkyArthabodhaH taduttaraM prakRtavyaGgyopasthitiriti bhavati kAkusAhityena vAcyArthasya vyaJjakatvamityarthaH, mAtrapadena vAkyArthajJAnAjanakatvaM vizrAntipadena praznamabhivyajya viratatvAnna yaha nahIM batAtA ki tAdRzadarzana tAdRzakopa kA janaka hai| 'tAdRzadarzana pahale huA aura vaha krodha bAda meM utpanna huA' isa artha meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA nahIM hai isalie bAdhAbhAva hone ke kAraNa yahA~ yogyatA hai / athavA "zabdapramANavedyo'rtho vyanaktyarthAntaraM yataH / arthasya vyaJjakatve tacchabdasya sahakAritA / / " arthAt zabdapramANa se gamya artha hI arthAntara ko vyakta karatA hai / isalie artha ke vyaJjakatva meM zabda sahakArI hotA hai / isa kArikA meM arthopasthiti ke dvArA hI zabda ko sahakArI mAnA gayA hai kAku bhI dhvanyAtmaka zabda hI hai, isa taraha arthajJAna ke janana (utpatti) ke dvArA kAku ko bhI sahakArI mAnanA hI cAhie aura vahA~ dhvani hone ke kAraNa kAku ko vAcaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isalie usako ( kAku ko) vyaGgyabodha ke anukUla (vAcyAntara) dUsare vAcya artha kA upasthApaka bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA aura prakRta ( nirdiSTa ) vAkyArtha kA jJAna kAkusvara ke binA hI sambhava hai isalie kAku yahAM nirdiSTa artha ke upasthApana meM kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA / ukta vyaGgya ke anukUla vyaGgyAntara ke upasthApana meM vyaGgyarUpa artha hI vyaJjaka ho sakatA hai, vAcyarUpa * artha nhiiN| isalie isa padya ko kAku ke sahakAra se vAkyArtha ke vyaJjaka hone ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM kaise prastuta kiyA gayA ? yaha batAte hue likhate haiM "na ca" ityAdi / isa mata meM vAcyasiddhayaGgamatra kAku: "isa vAkyakhaNDa kI vivRti isa prakAra hai- "padacchedavAci asiddhayaGgam / na siddhayaGgam asiddhayaGgam" siddhi arthAt vAkyArthabodha, usakA aGga arthAt kAraNa / guNIbhUtavyaGgyatvam kA artha hai anyathAsiddhavyaGgayatva arthAt vAcyAnupasthApyavyaGgayatva. / isa taraha ke padaccheda aura vigraha ke anusAra "na ca.... zakyam" isa prazna- vAkya kA zabdAnusArI artha hogA 'yahA~ kAku, siddhi arthAt vAkyArtha- bodha kA aMga (kAraNa) nahIM hai ata: 'atra vAci' isa vAkya meM guNIbhUta vyaGgayatva ( vAcyArthAnupasthApya vyaGgayatva ) kI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie|' " praznamAtreNa... vizrAnteH" isa vAkya ke dvArA yahA~ samAdhAna prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vaha isa prakAra haikAku svara se yahI abhivyakta hotA hai aura vAkya se vAkyArtha kI upasthiti hotI hai| bAda meM donoM meM ekavAkyatA hotI hai; taba usI prakAra mahAvAkyArtha-bodha hotA hai jaise bahuta se vAkyoM meM ekavAkyatA hone ke pazcAt mahAvAkyArthabodha hotA hai| mahAvAkyArthabodha ke bAda meM nirdiSTa vyaGgaya ( mayi na yogyaH khedaH kuruSu yogya : ) kI upasthiti hotI hai isa taraha yahA~ kAku ke sAhitya ( sahakAra - sahAyatA ) se vAkyArtha kI vyaJjakatA hotI hai arthAt kAku ke sahakAra se yahA~ vAcyArthaM vyaJjaka hotA hai| "praznamAtreNa " meM mAtra pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai|

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kAvya-prakAzaH taiyA maha gaMDatthalariNamigraM diThThi Na Nesi annnntto| eNhiM sacceya ahaM te a kavolA Na sA dichI // 16 // (tadA mama gaNDasthalanimagnAM dRSTi nAnaSIranyatra / idAnIM saivAhaM tau ca kapolau na sA dRSTi: // ) atra matsakhoM kapolapratibimbitAM pazyataste dRSTiranyavAbhUt / calitAyAM tu sAkSAduktarUpavyaGgyopasthApakatvaM kAkoH api tu vAcyasyaiva tadupasthitavyaGgyasahakAreNa vyaJjakatvaM muktaM bhavatIti vyAcakSpahe / atra praznarUpavyaGgyasya vyaJjakatve vyaGgyArthavyaJjanodAharaNamapIdam, mayItyasya niraparAdhe kuruSvityasya sAparAdheSviti lakSaNayA padArthe lakSyasyApi vyaJjakatvaM bodhyam / __ taieti : . "tadA mama gaNDasthalamilitAM dRSTi nAnaiSIranyatra / idAnIM saivAhaM tAveva kapolo na sA dRSTiH // 16 // usase yaha nikalatA hai ki 'kAku yahA~ kevala prazna kI upasthiti karatA hai; vaha vAkyArtha-bodha kA.janaka nahIM bntaa| 'vizrAnteH' yahA~ jo jAnabUjha kara 'vizrAnti' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, usakA yaha tAtparya hai ki kAku prazna ko prakaTa kara (abhivyakta kara) virata ho gyii| isalie vaha sAkSAta ukta AkAra-prakAravAle vyaGgaya kI upasthApikA nahIM bntii| kintu vAcya artha hI kAku se upasthita vyaGgaya ke sahakAra se vyaJjaka hotA hai| isa taraha yaha zloka arthavyaJjakatA kA udAharaNa ho sakatA hai (maiM ukta grantha kI aisI vyAkhyA karanA pasanda karatA huuN)| .. yahA~ praznarUpa vyaGgaya bhI vyaJjaka hai / isalie yaha udAharaNa vyaGgayArtha vyaJjanA kA bhI ho sakatA hai| "mayi" yaha pada niraparAdharUpa artha ko aura 'kuruSa' yaha pada sAparAdharUpa artha ko lakSaNA ke dvArA prakaTa karatA hai| ye donoM pada arthAntara meM saMkramita ho gaye haiN| isalie padArtha meM lakSyArtha vyaJjakatA kA bhI yaha udAharaNa ho sakatA hai| 4. vAkya-vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa :-"taimA" iti / nAyikA nAyaka se kahatI hai ki usa samaya mere kapola para gar3AyI huI (apanI) dRSTi ko (tuma) kahIM aura nahIM le jA rahe the (kyoMki mere kapola para merI sakhI pratibimbita thI, tuma use eka Taka dekhanA cAhate the) aba maiM vahI hUM, mere kapola ve hI haiM ; kintu tumhArI vaha (mere kapola para gar3I rahanevAlI) dRSTi nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha merI sakhI vahA~ se haTa gayI hai jahAM se usakI chAyA isa para par3atI thI, isalie tuma jise dekhanA cAhate the vaha yahA~ dikhAI nahIM par3atI; ataH tuma usa kapola kI tarapha nahIM dekhte)| yahA~ mere kapola para pratibimbita merI sakhI ko dekhate hue tumhArI dRSTi kucha aura hI prakAra kI thii| usake cale jAne para kucha aura hI ho gayI hai| isalie tumhAre pracchanna kAmukatva para Azcarya hotA hai, are tuma bar3e chipe rustama ho, yaha artha nAyikA ke vAkya se vyakta hotA hai / isalie yaha vAkyavaiziSTyavyaJjanA kA udAharaNa hai| TIkAkAra ne "nimagnAma" ke sthAna para 'militAm' pATha svIkAra kiyA hai| militAma kA artha 'grathitAm' hai isalie kapola meM pratibimbita sakhI kI kaNTakatA (romAJcakatA) prakaTa hotI hai| isalie usa sakhI ke vahAM se haTa jAne se usameM guthI huI tumhArI dRSTi bhI haTa gayI / isase pratibimbitA nAyikA meM premAdhikya (adhika prema) vyakta hotA hai| maiM vahI hAvabhAva dikhAtI hUM; mere kapola bhI usI taraha pulakita (romAJcita) haiM (parantu ye romAJca mere haiM. tuma to sakhI ke romAJca ko usameM dekhanA cAhate ho) kintu tumhArI .vaha ninimeSa dRSTi nahIM rhii| (isa

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tatIca ullAsa: tasyAmanyava jAtetyaho ! pracchannakAmukatvaM te, iti vyajyate / uddezo'yaM sarasakadalozreNizobhAtizAyI, kujotkarSAGkuritaramaNIvibhramo narmadAyAH / militAM grathitAM tena gaNDasthalapratibimbitasakhyAH kaNTakatvaM tena ca tadpagame tadgrathitahaSTyapagamaH tena ca pratibimbitAyAM premAdhikyaM vyajyate, saiva hAvabhAvavatI, tAveva pulakAdiyuktI, sA nimeSAdirahitA. atreti / 'tadedAnI rUpapadadvayAtmakavAkyavaiziSTayAvagamAditi zeSaH, atraiva yato grathitA'to'nyatra nAnaSIriti hetvalaGkAro lAkSaNikagrathitapadasahakRtanAnaiSIriti vyajyata iti lAkSaNikArthasya vyaJjakatvam, tato hetvalaGkAreNAsyAmanurAgo nA'gantukahetunivartanIya iti vyajyata iti vyaGgayArthasyApi vyaJjakatvamityAbhAti / uddezo' miti - uddizyata iti uddezaH evaM dUrAduddizyate na tu jJAnena gamyata iti nirjanatvaM vyajyate kuJjasyotkarSazca nibiDatvamakarandasiktatvAmodamuditamadhukaratvarUpaH tenAkuritA vardhitA ramaNInAM vibhramA vilAsA yatra sa tathA narma dadAtIti narmadA tasyAH, tena revAdipadaM prakAra yahA~ padoM se vyaGgaya prakaTa hote haiM / 'tadA aura tadAnIm", "taba aura aba" ye donoM pada do bhinna-bhinna sthitiyoM kI sUcanA dene vAle vAkya kA nirmANa karate haiN| isa taraha ina padadvayAtmaka vAkya ke vaiziSTyabodha se yahA~ pUrvokta vyaGgaya prakaTa hotA hai| yahA~ lakSyArthavyajakatA aura vyaGgArtha vyaJjakatA bhI hai| jaise-gaNDasthala meM tumhArI dRSTi prathita hai; gutha gayI hai, isalie tuma use anyatra nahIM le jA rahe the| (vaha dRSTi jisase guthI huI thI, usake haTane ke sAtha usakA (dRSTi kA) bhI haTa jAnA svAbhAvika hai) isa vivakSA meM yahA~ hetU alaMkAra milita pada ke prathitarUpa lAkSaNika artha ko prakaTa karanevAle grathita pada ke sahakAra se sampanna "na anaiSIH" pada se abhivyakta hotA hai isa taraha yaha lAkSaNika artha ke vyaJjaka hone kA udAharaNa bhI ho jAtA hai| lakSyArtha ke vyaJjaka hone ke bAda lakSyArtha-vyajita hetu alaMkAra se 'isa (merI sakhI) meM (terA) anurAga kisI Agantuka hetu (asthAyI yA kSaNika kAraNoM) se utpanna nahIM huA hai athavA usa gahare prema ko kisI Agantuka (calate phirate) kAraNoM se miTAyA nahIM jA sakatA, yaha vyaGgaya nikalatA hai| isalie yahI vyaMGgayArthavyaJjakatA bhI mujhe pratIta hotI hai| 5. vAcyavaiziSTaya meM vyajakatA kA udAharaNa:- (uddezo'yam sarasa-) he tanvi, sarasa harI bharI kadalI (keloM) kI pakti se atyanta sundara lagane vAlA aura kujoM ke utkarSa ke kAraNa ramaNiyoM ke hAva-bhAvoM ko aharita kara dene vAlA narmadA kA yaha unnata pradeza hai, sAtha sAtha yahAM surata ke uttejaka, sahAyaka aura zrAntihara ataeva mitra ve vAyU bahate haiM / jinake Age vasanta Adi ke rUpa meM avasara na rahate hue cApa dhAraNa kiye hue kAmadeva calatA hai| uddizyate iti uzaH, dUra se hI jise batAyA jA sake, pratyakSa Akara jise na jAnA jA sake vaha sthAna uddeza hogaa| isase nirjanatva abhivyakta hotA hai| kuJja kA utkarSa usake ghane hone meM hai| usake makaranda (phUloM ke rasa aura parAga se Ardra hone aura sugandha ke dvArA bhauMroM ko prasanna rakhane meM hai isa prakAra ke prakarSa se sampanna sthAnoM meM svAbhAvika hai ki vahA~ ramaNiyoM ke vibhrama aura vilAsa aGkurita ho, bar3heM aura phUle phleN| narma dadAtIti 1-160 pRSTha para antima anuccheda meM sUcita vAkya-vaiziSTya /

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162 kAvya-prakAzaH kiM caitasmin suratasuhRdastanvi te vAnti vAtA, yeSAmagre sarati kalitA kANDakopo manobhUH // 17 // atra ratArthaM pravizeti vyaGgayam / golale praNollamA attA maM gharabharammi salammi / parityajya, narmadApadopAdAnena lalanAnukUlatA vyajyate, agre marati agre gacchatyagresara ivA''carati vA, kalitAkANDakopa iti / tathA cedAnImapi suratavaimukhye kupito mInaketuH kiM kiM na kariSyatIti vyajyate'kANDapadenA vidhIyamAnatadaparAdhAyAmapi tvayi bAdhAM vidhAsyatyeveti vyajyate, manobhUrityanena nAnyataH kutazcidAgatya bAMdhAM vidhAsyati api tu manaHsannihita (?) evAste iti nAnyatra taddbhItyA gamanenApi nistAra iti vyajyate / zratreti / varNyamAnasya narmadA pradezasyoktavizeSaNamAhAtmyAditi zeSaH / atra vAGkuritapadAdInAM lAkSaNikatayA lakSyArthasyoddezAdipadavyaGgya nirjanatvAdyarthAnAmapyuktavyaJjakatvaM bodhyam / 1 gollai iti - nodayatyanArdra manAH zvazrUma gRhabhare sakale / narmadA, jo asAdhAraNa ratisukha pradAna kareM yaha prakaTa hotA hai| usakA hI yaha uddeza haiN| 'narmadA' pada se pUrvokta vyaGgaya ko prakaTa karane ke lie hI 'narmadA' nadI ke anya revAdi paryAya ko chor3akara 'narmadA' pada kA padya meM upAdAna kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha 'narmadA' pada ke upAdAna se yahA~ lalanAoM ke lie anukUlatA (sauvidhya) vyakta hotI hai / 'agre sarati' kA artha hai agre gacchati, isase agresara iva Acarati mukhiyA ( senApati) ke samAna AcaraNa karatA hai| yaha vyaGgaya hotA hai / 'kalitA kANDa kopa:' se be moke krodha karane vAlA yaha artha abhivyaJjita hotA hai / isa prakAra yaha abhivyakta hotA hai ki abhI surata kI upekSA karane para kupita mInaketu kyA kyA nahIM karegA yaha vyaJjanA dvArA prakaTa hotA hai / 'akANDa' pada se jisakA ki binA avasara ke aura binA kAraNa ke yaha artha hai, yaha vyakta hotA hai ki yadyapi tumane usakA aparAdha nahIM kiyA hai tathApi vaha tujha para nArAja hokara tujhe kaSTa pahuMcAyegA hI / "manobhUH" ( mana se hI utpanna honevAlA) isa pada se yaha vyakta hotA hai ki kahIM aura jagaha se Akara vaha bAdhA nahIM pahuMcAyegA kintu mana meM sannihita hI virAjamAna hai| isalie aura jagaha usake bhaya se bhAga kara jAne para bhI rakSA nahIM ho sakatI / yahA~ narmadA ke taTa sthAna meM lagAye gaye vizeSaNoM kI mahimA se 'surata ke lie kuJja ke bhItara calo, yaha ( vAcya vaiziSTya se ) vyaGgaya hai / yahIM aGka urita Adi padoM ke lakSaNika hone ke kAraNa lakSyArthaM meM uddeza Adi pada se vyaGgaya nirjanAdi artha meM bhI ukta vyaGgyArthaM kI vyaJjakatA hai / isalie yahA~ bhI trividha vyaJjakatA hai / (vizeSa) vAkya aura vAcya vaiziSTya kA antara kevala vivakSA para nirbhara hai| jaba vAkya kA prAdhAnya vivakSita ho taba vahI padya 'vAkya vaiziSTya AryovyaJjanA kA udAharaNa bana jAtA hai aura jaba vAcya artha kA prAdhAnya vivakSita hotA hai taba vahI 'vAcyavaiziSTya ArthIvyaJjanA' kA udAharaNa bana jAtA hai| yaha bAta vaktRvaiziSTya aura boddhavya vaiziSTya meM ArthI vyaJjanA meM bhI lAgU hotI hai| vaktA kI pradhAna vivakSA meM vaktRvaiziSTya aura boddhavya kI pradhAnavivakSA meM bauddhavya vaiziSTya ArthI vyaJjanA hotI hai / 6. anya sannidhi ke vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa :-gollai iti, nodayati vizrAmaH / (anArdrA manA: ) nirdaya sAsa ghara ke sAre kAma mujha se karAtI hai isalie kabhI milatA hai to sandhyA ke samaya thor3A sA vizrAma mila jAtA hai, nahIM to vaha bhI nahIM miltaa|

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tRtIya ullAsaH 163 khaNametta jai saMjhAi hoi Na va hoi vIsAmo // 18 // (nudatyanAmanA: zvabhUrmA gRhamare sakale / kSaNamAtraM yadi sandhyAyAM bhavati na vA bhavati vizrAmaH // ) atra sandhyA saGa ketakAla iti taTasthaM prati kayAcid dyotyate / suvvai samAgamissadi tujjha piyo ajja.paharamettaNa / emena kitti ciThThasi tA sahi sajjesa karaNijjaM // 16 // (zrUyate samAgamiSyati tava priyo'dha prhrmaatrenn| evameva kimiti tiSThasi tat sakhi ! sajjaya karaNIyam // atropapati pratyabhisatu prastutA na yuktamiti kayAcinnivAryate / kSaNamAtraM yadi sandhyAyAM bhavati na vA bhavati vizrAmaH // 18 // taTasthaM saGkatAthinaM puruSaM, dyotyata ityanantaramityupapatitvena nizcitapuruSasannidhivaiziSTayajJAnAdeva vyajyata iti zeSaH / atrApyA padabharapadayorlAkSaNikatvena lakSyasya lakSyArthavyaGgayasya ca prakRtavyaGgayavyaJjakatvaM bodhyam . 'suvvai ti- "zrUyate samAgamiSyati tava priyo'dya praharamANa / evameva kimiti tiSThasi tat sakhi ! sajjaya karaNIyam // 19 / / .yahA~ 'saMdhyA kA samaya saMketakAla hai' yaha vyaGgaya dUta Adi ke rUpa meM chipakara pAye hue kisI taTastha vyakti ke prati gurujana Adi kI sannidhi ke vaiziSTaya se prakaTa hotA hai| gurujana Adi kI sannidhi ke kAraNa vaha dUtAdi ke rUpa meM pracchanna taTasya vyakti ko spaSTa nahIM batA sakatI hai| isalie vyaGgaya kA sahArA letI hai| (yaha vyAkhyA anya TIkAkAroM ke anusAra hai) "atra......dyotyate" yahA~ Aye hue taTastha zabdakA artha hai saMketArthI puruSa / 'dyotyate' kA artha 'vyajyate' hai| 'dhotyate' ke bAda 'upapatitvena nizcitapUruSasannidhivaiziSTaya jJAnAdeva' isa pada kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha upapati ke rUpa meM nizcita usa saMketArthI taTastha puruSa ke sannidhi vaiziSTaya ke jJAna se 'saMdhyA kA samaya saMketa kAla hai' yaha vyaGgaya prakaTa hotA hai| (yahA~ TIkAkAra ne kaI anya sthaloM kI taraha apanI nayI udbhAvanA prakaTa kI hai| yahA~ bhI 'Adra' pada dayA artha meM aura 'bhara' pada 'arucikara' artha meM lAkSaNika hai isalie yahA~ lakSyArthavyaJjakatA hai aura sAtha-sAtha usa lakSyArtha arthAta zvazrU ke nirdaya hone rUpa lakSyArtha se abhivyakta / isalie kisI bahAne se bhI chuTakArA milanA sambhava nahIM hai "isa vyaGgaya se "saMdhyAkAla saMketakAla hai" yaha vyaGgaya nikalatA hai isalie yahA~ vyaGgayArtha meM bhI vyaJjakatA hai| 7-prastAvavaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa-'subvai iti' "zrUyate.......karaNIyam" / 'sakhi, sunate haiM ki terA pati Aja eka pahara ke andara Ane vAlA hai, to isa taraha kyoM baiThI ho, unake yogya sAja-sAmAna juttaao"| 1'ma nayasyanyat' iti pAThAntaram -kivA 'nodayatyanAmanA' ityapi paatthH|

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164 kAvya-prakAzaH anyatra yUyaM kusumAvacAyaM kurudhvamatrAsmi karomi sakhyaH / nAhaM hi dUraM bhramituM samarthA prasIdatAyaM racito'JjalirvaH // 20 // nivAryata ityanantaramiti prastAvavailakSaNyAd vyajyata iti zeSaH, atrApi praharamAtrapadasya lakSaNayA praharottarArthakatayA evameva padasya svAcchandyArthaM katayA ca lakSyasya tadvayaGgyasya ca vyaJjakatvaM jJeyam / anyatra yUyamiti - na cAtrAvacayamiti rUpApattiH 'cestu hastArthena' iti sUtreNa hasta prApye'rthe pratipAdye prayogAt, tenAnyatra hastaprApyaM kusumamiti tAsAM pralobhanam etena hastaprApya kusumAbhAvAdatrAnyo'pi nAyAsyatIti vijano'yaM deza ityAzvastAM prati vyajyate'ta eva vivikto'yaM deza iti vakSyati / asmItyahamarthaka mavyayaM, nanu hastAprApyakusumAvacayastvayA'pi kathaM karttavya iti tAsAmAzaGkAM manasi kRtyA''ha - nAhamiti / yahA~ upapati ke pAsa jAne ke lie udyata kisI abhisArikA ko usakI sakhI manA kara rahI hai ki aba vahA~ jAnA ucita nahIM hai / yahA~ bhI 'nivAryate' isa pada ke bAda 'prastAva vailakSaNya d vyajyate" ina padoM kA zeSa mAnanA cAhie / isa prakAra isakA artha hogA ki pUrvokta vyaGgaya prastAvavizeSa ke kAraNa prakaTa hotA hai / yahA~ bhI lakSyArthavyaJjakatA aura vyaGgayArthavyaJjakatA hai jaise 'praharamAtra' pada lakSaNA ke dvArA adhika se adhika eka prahara rUpa artha batAtA hai isalie yahA~ lakSyArthaM meM vyaJjakatA hai / 'evameva' pada se 'svacchandatA' arthaM vyaGgaya hai aura usa vyaGgaya se pUrva nirdiSTa vyaGgaya prakaTa hotA hai isalie vyaGgaghArtha meM vyaJjakatA bhI yahA~ hai / 8- deza ke vaiziSTya meM vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa - "anyatra yUyam" iti / he sakhiyo, tuma kahIM aura jAkara phUla cuno| yahA~ maiM cuna rahI huuN| maiM dUra taka calane meM samartha nahIM hai / isalie tumhAre hAtha jor3atI huuN| mujha para kRpA karo (mujhe yahIM apanA kAma karane do ) / paJa "hAtha se cunanA " isa artha meM "hastAdAne carasteye" ( pA0sU0 3/3/40) yA 'cestu hastArthena' isa sUtra se pratyaya hokara 'avacAya' zabda banatA hai / hAtha se yadi pAnA asambhava ho to usa cunane kI kriyA ko 'avacaya' kahate haiM isa taraha yahA~ hAtha se prApya artha hone ke kAraNa avacAya hI hogA "airac' se ac pratyaya karake "avacayaH ' nahIM / jAna-bUjha kara yahA~ 'avacAya' zabda kA prayoga karake hastavApya artha kI vivakSA kI gayI hai| isa vivakSA se yaha nikalA ki aura jagaha phUla isa taraha khile hue haiM ki unheM hAtha se pAyA jA sakatA hai aura AsAnI se tor3A jA sakatA hai / isa taraha sakhiyoM ko vahA~ jAne kA pralobhana diyA gayA hai / yahA~ to 'avacaya' kiyA jA sakatA bar3I kaThinAI se vRkSa Adi para car3hakara phUla tor3e jA sakate haiN| isa taraha yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki hAtha se pAne phUloM kA yahA~ abhAva hone se aura bhI koI vyakti yahA~ nahIM AyegA / isa lie yaha sthAna nirjana hai yaha vyaGgaya vizvAsapAtrA ke prati abhivyakta hotA hai / isIliye vRtti meM "vivikto'yaM deza : " -- yaha sthAna ekAnta hai" yaha granthakAra likhege / 'asmi' yaha 'aham' artha meM prayukta honevAlA avyaya hai| isakA artha 'maiM' hai| hAya se nahIM pAne ke lAyaka phUloM ko tuma bhI kaise tor3a pAogI ? sakhiyoM kI isa AzaMkA ko mana meM rakhakara svayaM kahatI hai ki maiM dUra jAne meM asamartha huuN| isalie mujhe chAyA meM raha kara hAtha se agrAhya phUla bhI tor3ane hI par3eMge ! vizvAsapAtra sakhI ke prati jise vaha vyaGgya ke dvArA kisI pracchanna kAmuka (Dhipe rustama) ko bhejane ke

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tRtIya ullAsa: atra vivikto'yaM deza iti pracchannakAmukastvayAbhisAryatAmiti AzvastAM prati kayAcinnivedyate / dUrabhramaNAsAmarthyAcchAyAmAzritya hastAprApyamapyavaceyaM mayA kusumamiti bhAvaH / AzvastAM prati ca etAbhiH samaM dUrabhramaNe yadarthamahamAnItA tvayA tadarthasiddhirna bhaviSyati, sahava bhramaNe puSpaprAptisAmye'vasthAnAya bIjAbhAve'pyavasthAne etAsAM maccaritajJAnasya zvazvAzcaitAbhiH sahAnAgamane kopasya ca sambhavAditi vyjyte| zvazrUkopameva manasi nidhAya dainyaM vyanakti prasIdatetyAdineti pratibhAti / atreti / deza vizeSavaiziSTayAvagamAditi zeSaH, pracchannakAmuka upapatiH pracchanna iti pAThe sadA sannihitaceTyAdiveSena (Na) gupta ityarthaH / atra vAcyo'rthaH sAmAnyasakhIviSayo vyaGgayaM tu rahasyavayasyAviSaya iti bodhyam / atra bhramitumityatra bhrAmayitu samarthetyatra yogyeti lakSyArthasya proktatadva yaGgayasya ca prakRtavyaGgyabodhajanakatvena lakSyavyaGgyayorapi vyaJjakatvasyodAharaNamidamityavalokanIyam / / lie kahatI hai, yaha bhI abhivyakta hotA hai ki tuma mujhe jisa prayojana se itanI dUra calA kara lAyI ho| usa prayojana kI siddhi ina sakhiyoM ke sAtha rahane yA dUra taka bhramaNa karane para nahIM ho skegii| inake sAtha ghUmane meM phUloM kI prApti jo ki merA banAvaTI aura inakA mukhya uddezya hai samAnarUpa se hogI; kintu vaisA karane para arthAt inake sAtha ghUmane para maiM yahAM kaise Thahara sakUgI ? isa lie 'nAhaM hi dUre bhramitu samarthA" maiM dUra taka calane meM asamartha hUM yaha kaha kara apanI azakti ko yahAM Thaharane kA kAraNa banAnA hI pdd'egaa| binA kAraNa yadi inake sAtha na ghUma kara yahA~ Thahara jAU~ to ina(sakhiyoM) ko mere caritra kA (tiriyA caritra kA) patA laga jAegA aura isa para yadi kala inake sAtha merI sAsa bhI A gayI to vaha bhI nArAja hogii| sAsa ke krodha ko hI mana meM socakara dInatA prakaTa karatI huI kahatI hai "prasIdAyam......."vaH" / "maiM tumhAre hAtha jor3atI haiM mujha para kRpA karo, nArAja mata hoo" "atra vivikto'yam......... nivedyate" yahA~ 'dezavaiziSTyAvagamAt" ina zabdoM kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| pracchannakAmuka kA artha hai upapati / pracchanna gupta ko kahate haiM, jo hamezA samyak (bhalI-bhAMti) tirohita ceSTA Adi aura veza ke dvArA gupta rahatA hai| use pracchanna kahate haiM / upapati hamezA apanI kAmukatA kI ceSTA aura veza Adi ko tirohita (antaH sannihita) rakhatA hai isalie use pracchannakAmuka kahate haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ dezavaiziSTya ke jJAna se 'yaha ekAnta sthAna hai isalie tuma upapati ko (pracchanna kAmuka ko) yahA~ bheja do yaha apanI kisI vizvasta sahelI ke prati koI kaha rahI hai" isa vyaGgaya kI pratIti hii| yahA~ vAcya artha sAmAnya sakhIviSayaka hai| arthAt vAcya artha kA viSaya sAmAnya sakhiyA~ haiM kintu vyaGgaya kA viSaya rahasya se paricita samAnavayaskA (hamajolI) hai| yaha bhramitama' pada kI lakSaNA 'bhrAmapitum" artha meM hai| 'samarthA' kA lakSyArtha 'yogyA' hai isalie yaha padya lakSyavyaMjakatA kA bhI udAharaNa hai / pUrvokta vyaGgayadvaya se yahA~ prakRta vyaGgaya prakaTa huA hai / isalie yahA~ vyaGgyArtha bhI vyaGgyArthajanaka hai / ataH yahA~ vyaGgyArtha vyaMjakatA bhI hai / 1-164 pRSTha ke tRtIya anuccheda meM prokta (dezavaiziSTaya)

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kAvya-prakAzaH gurupraNaparavasa pina kiM bhaNAmi tuha maMdabhAiNo ahmN| ajja pavAsaM vaccasi vacca sagraM jevva suNa si karaNijjaM // 21 // (gurujanaparavaza priya ! kiM bhaNAmi tava mandabhAginI grahakam / adya pravAsa vrajasi vraja svayameva zroSyasi karaNIyam / ) atrAdya madhusamaye yadi vrajasi tadAhaM tAvad na bhavAmi, tava tu na jAnAmi gatimiti vyajyate / gurupraNetti-"gurujanaparavaza priya ! ki bhaNAmi tvAM mandabhAginyaham / adya pravAsaM vraja svayameva jJAtAsi kiM karaNIyam // 21 // gurujanarUpo yaH para udAsInastadvazatvaM na tu svAbhinnAyA mametyaparIkSyakAritvaM niHsnehatvaM, priyeti solluNThavacanena priyatamasyaivaM kRtyaM na bhavatIti, kiM bhaNAmItyanena yato gurujanaparavazatayA'samIkSyakAritvamato nopAlambhasyApi viSayaH, tvAmiti mandabhAginyahamityanena yadasamIkSyakAriNi tvayi ahamAtmAnaM samarpitavatItyahamapyanAkalitakAriNI kimupatapyAmi devamevopAlabhe yena mayi durbuddhirAhiteti, pradyetyanena yatra cirapravAsino'pi gRhamAyAnti, tasmin madhAvupasthite tava gRhatyAgo nocita iti / vrajasi vrajetyanena gADhataramanurUpAbhiprAyAvedanena mA vajeti, svayamevetyAdinA tvamapi madvirahavedanAmanubhUtavAnevAsi iti yathA tvayA pUrva mAnAvasare prANatyAga upakrAntaH tathA'hamapyupakramiSyA -kAla vaiziSTya meM vyaMjanA kA udAharaNa-guruaNa iti "gurujanaparavasa.........zroSyasi krnniiym|" gurujanoM ke paravaza he priya, maiM mandabhAginI tuma se kyA kahUM? vastutaH, tuma na jAnA cAhate ho aura na maiM tumheM bhejanA cAhatI hUM; parantu mAtA-pitA Adi.gurujanoM kI AjJA ke kAraNa Aja (vasantakAla meM) yadi videza jA rahe ho to jAo, Age tujhe kyA karanA cAhiye yaha bAta (merI mRtyu ke bAda) tumheM svayaM sunane ko mila jaaegii| gurujanarUpa jo para arthAt udAsIna loga haiM tuma unake vazIbhUta ho, tujhase abhinna (tere duHkha-sukha-samabhAginI) jo maiM hU~ usake adhIna tuma nahIM ho isa taraha nAyaka se asamIkSyakAritA (adUradarzitA) aura niHsnehatva prakaTa hote haiM / priya isa upahAsapUrNa sambodhana ke priyatama kA aisA kArya nahIM hotA hai| 'ki bhaNAmi' (kyA kahai) isase gurujana ke adhIna hone ke kAraNa tuma avicArapUrNa kArya karanevAle (asamIkSyakArI) bana gaye ho isalie tuma upAlambha (ulAhanA) doSAropaNa ke pAtra nahIM (tumheM doSa nahIM diyA jA sakatA), 'tvAm' isa pada se aura 'mandabhAginI ahakam' ina padoM se asamIkSyakArI tujhako jo maiMne apane Apako samarpita kiyA, isase siddha hai ki maiM bhI binA AgepIche soce kArya karanevAlI hUM, phira ko santapta ho rahI hai| usa deva ko hI upAlambha denA cAhiye; jisane mujhameM kubuddhi utpanna kI yA kubuddhi sthApita kara dI, adya isa pada se 'jisa vasanta samaya meM cira pravAsI bhI lauTakara ghara A jAte haiN| usa vasanta Rtu ke (madhumaya samaya ke) upasthita hone para terA gRhatyAga (ghara chor3akara jAnA) ucita nahIM hai ye vyaGgaya prakaTa hote haiN| 'vrajasi vraja' 'jAte ho to jAo' isase atyanta gUDhatara anurUpa bhAva ke nivedana dvArA 'mA vraja' 'mata jAo' yaha vyaGgaya AtA hai / "svayameva zroSyasi karaNIyam" inase 'tuma bhI mere viraha kI vedanA kA anubhava kara hI cuke ho "yaha aura jaise tuma pahale mAna ke avasara para (mere rUTha jAne para) prANa tyAga karane ke lie taiyAra ho gaye the vaise maiM prANa tyAga karane para utArU ho jAU~gI" yaha abhivyakta hotA hai|

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tRtIya ullAsaH 167 AdigrahaNAcceSTAdeH / tatra ceSTAyA yathA dvAropAntanirantare mayi tayA saundaryasArazriyA, prollAsyoruyugaM parasparasamAsaktaM samAsAditam / moti vyajyate / atreti vasantarUpakAlavaMziSTayAvagamAditi zeSaH, atra lakSaNayA priyapadasyApriyArthakatayA mandabhAginIpadasya bhAgyavatItyarthakatayA lakSyasya tadvayaGgyasya ca bahudhA dattaduHkhatvasya maraNaprayuktaklezopazamasya ca vyaJjakatvaM bodhyam / dvAropAnteti / saundaryasya sArabhUtA zrIryasyAH sA tathA tayA saundaryasArasyotkRSTasaundaryasya zrIH zobhA tadra payeti vA, atreti ceSTAvailakSaNyAvagamAditi zeSaH / AkUtavizeSo bhAvavizeSaH zRGgArasaJcArilajjAlakSaNa iti kazcit / anurAga ityanye / vastutaH parasparasamAsaktatvenA''liGganam, AnItamityanena gUDhAgamanam, adhikSipta ityAdinA sUryAstakAle'vanatamukhaM vA, vAcastatra tyanena kolAhalanivRttAvAgamanaM, saGkocite ityanena pAritoSikamAliGganaM vyajyata "atrAdya .......... gatimiti vyajyate" yaha 'vasantarUpakAlavaiziSTyAvagamAt' isakA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha artha hogA ki Aja vasanta ke samaya tuma yadi jAte ho to maiM to jIvita nahIM rahUMgI; tumhArI kyA gati hogI yaha maiM nahIM jAnatI yaha vasantarUpa kAlavaiziSTya ke jJAna se vyakta hotA hai| yahAM lakSaNA ke dvArA 'priyapada' apriya artha ko prakaTa karatA hai aura mandabhAginI pada 'bhAgyavatI' artha ko, isalie yahA~ lakSyArthavyaMjakatA bhI hai / aura kramazaH lakSyArtha ke vyaMGgaya-bahudhA duHkha denevAle aura maraNaprayukta kleza ke zamana se pUrvokta vyaGgaya nikalatA hai| isalie yahA~ vyaGgyArthavyaMjakatA bhI hai| 10-Adi pada se grAhya ceSTA ke vyaMjakatva kA udAharaNa (kArikA meM Aye hue Adi pada se ceSTA Adi kA grahaNa karanA cAhie / unameM ceSTA ke vyaMjakatva kA udAharaNa dete haiM) dvAropAntanirantare......... "dolate / - jyoM hI maiM daravAje ke samIpa pahu~cA ki usa parama saundarya-lakSmI ne apanI donoM jaMghAoM ko phailAkara eka dUsare se cipaTA liyA, sira se bahuta nIce taka lambI ghUghaTa nikAla lI, A~kheM nIcI kara lI, bolanA banda kara diyA aura apanI bAheM sikor3a liiN| - "jisakI zrI saundarya kI sArabhUta ho, usa nAyikA ne" isa vigraha ke anusAra 'saundaryasArazriyA meM bahuvrIhi samAsa mAnanA cAhie athavA tatpuruSa bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai| tatpuruSa samAsa ke anusAra isakA vigraha hogA saundarya ke sAra arthAt utkRSTa saundarya kI jo zobhA, tatsvarUpa usa ramaNI ne "atra ceSTayA pracchannakAntaviSaya AkRtavizeSo vyajyate" yahA~ "ceSTAvalakSaNAvagamAt' kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha artha hogA ki yahAM ceSTAvizeSa ke jJAna se pracchanna (guptarUpa meM sthita) kAntaviSayaka abhiprAya vizeSa vyaGgaya hai| 'AkRtavizeSa' kA artha hai bhAvavizeSa / usakA tAtparya yahA~ zRMgAra ke 'saMcArIbhAva' aura 'lajjA' hai / yaha kisI kA mata hai / kucha anya loga usakA tAtparya 'anurAga-vizeSa' mAnate haiM / vastunaH (jaMghAoM ko) paraspara saTAnA (cipaTAnA) isa artha se 'AliGgana' artha abhivyakta hotA hai, 'AnItam' se gUDhAgamana vyaGgaya hai| 'adhikSipte' (adhaH kSipte ke sthAna meM TIkAkAra ne 'adhikSipte' pATha mAnA hai|) ityAdi se sUryAstakAla meM avanatamukha kAla ke saMketa dvArA 'usa sUryAsta kAla kA artha abhivyakta hotA hai ; jabaki kamala natamukha ho jAte haiM / athavA sUryAsta kAla meM muMha nIcA karake Ane kA saMketa milatA hai, jisase loga muMha nahIM dekha sakeMge aura taba pahacAna bhI nahIM sakeMge" yaha vyakta hotA hai yA avanata mukha dekhakara koI kisI bhAvI sukha kA anumAna nahIM kara sakeMge, isakA saMketa milatA hai / "vAcastatra nivAritam - bolanA banda kara diyA' isase kolAhala kI nivRtti hone para AnA" yaha prakaTa hotA hai| "saMkocite

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168 kAmya-prakAzA AnItaM purataH ziroM'zukamadhaH kSipte cale locane, vAcastatra nivAritaM prasaraNa saDa kocite dolate // 22 // atra ceSTayA pracchannakAntaviSaya AkUtavizeSo dhvanyate / ityAhuH / vayaM tu-prollAsyetyanena tvadAgamanena mamollAso jAta iti parasparasamAsaktatvena kadalIsahazorUdvayamelanAt kadalIdvayAntarapradezaH saGkatasthAnamiti athavA prollAsyetyanena kapATamuddhATyava mayA sthAtavyamiti, parasparasamAsaktatvenArgalaM vinaiva kapATadvayasya saMyogamAtra jJayamiti, AnItamityAdinA candrasadRzamukhAcchAdanena candrAstasamaye samAgantavyamiti, strIveSaM dhatvA samAgantavyamiti vA'dhaH kSipte ityAdinA cAJcalyaM tvayA na vidhayamucitakAla eva samAgantavyamiti, yathA na kazcit pazyatIti vA, vAca ityAdinA vacanasthA api na jJApanIyA iti, maunenA''gantavyamiti vA, saGkocite ityAdinA parijanAnAM yathA nidrAvicchedo na bhavati tathA vidheyamiti, athavA rUpakeNa latAsadRzAtmasaGkocastena svamaraNaM tena ca maraNazapathastava yadi na samAgamyate bhavateti vyajyate iti pazyAmaH / nanUktodAharaNeSveka dolate" isase Ane ke pAritoSika ke rUpa meM 'AliGgana' prApta hogA yaha vyaGgaya artha nikalatA hai| yaha bhI koI kahate haiN| yahA~ merA mata (TIkAkAra kA mata) isa prakAra hai-maiM to socatA hUM ki yahA~ 'prollAsya' se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki tere Ane se mujhe prasannatA huI hai| isIlie 'prasArya' pada kA prayoga na karake 'prollAsya pada kA prayoga kiyA hai| "prollAsa" se zabdamaryAdA ke kAraNa vaisA 'prasAraNa prakaTa hotA hai jisameM ullAsa hI nahIM kintu 'prakRSTa ullAsa' : ho| "paraspara samAsakta" 'Apasa meM saTAnA' isase kadalI-stambha ke samAna (sundara vatula aura sthUla) jaMghAdvaya ke mela ke dvArA kele ke donoM stambhoM ke bIca kA pradeza (prakRSTa deza-utkRSTa sthAna) saMketa sthAna hogA, yaha pratIta hotA hai / athavA 'prollAsya', ke dvArA kapATa (daravAjA) kholakara hI mai rahUMgI, "paraspara samAsakta" se daravAje vaise hI DhAle hue hoMge, ve binA argalA-sAMkala yA kunde ke vaise hI banda hoMge isalie donoM kapATa kevala saMyukta haiM yahI mAnanA, "AnItaM purata: ziroM'zukam" sira para lambI ghUghaTa DAla lI" isase candra-sadRza mukha ke AcchAdana dvArA candramA ke DUbane para AnA, athavA strI kA veza banAkara AnA, "adhaHkSipte cale locane" 'A~kheM nIcI kara lI" isase tujhe caJcalatA yA utAvalApana nahIM dikhAnA cAhie, athavA aise AnA jisase koI na dekha pAye, (A~kheM banda karanA-nahIM dekhane kA saketa bhI hai) 'vAcastatra nivAritaM prasaraNam' isase "vacanastha (AjJAkArI) ko bhI nahIM batAnA yA mauna hokara AnA, 'saMkocite dolate' isase (AhaTa aura AGgika saMyama kI vivakSA dvArA) parijanoM kI nIMda na khule isa taraha kAma karanA aura AnA ye vyaGgaya nikalate haiN| athavA 'dolatA' meM bAMha kI latA ke sAtha diye gaye rUpaka se latA (lajavantI-chuI muI nAmaka latA se tAtparya hai) ke samAna (mUka) saMkoca vyakta hotA hai, usase svamaraNa sUcita hotA hai usase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki 'tujhe merI mRtyu kI zapatha hai yadi tuma na AoM' yaha vyaGgayarUpa meM abhivyakta hotA hai| pRthaka-pRthaka udAharaNa dene ke kAraNa granyakAra ne yahA~ ArthI vyaJjanA ke dasoM bhedoM ke pRthaka-pRthaka udAharaNa diye haiM / yadyapi do-tIna yA adhika bhedoM ko milAkara eka do udAharaNoM meM hI ina sabakI vyaJjakatA dikhAI jA sakatI thI tathApi pRthaka-pathaka udAharaNoM kI jijJAsA kI nivRtti ke lie aura (pRthak-pRthaka) udAharaNa dene kA avasara prApta hone ke kAraNa alaga-alaga udAharaNa diye gaye haiN| yahI bAta batAte hue likhate haiM 'niraakaangksstvprtipttye......|'

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tRtIya ullAsaH nirAkAGkSatvapratipattaye prAptAvasaratayA ca punaH punrudaahriyte| vaktrAdInAM mithaHsaMyoge dvikAdibhedena / sminneva vaiziSTathadvayasya [satve-sambhave vA] kimudAharaNabAhulyenetyata Aha-nirAkAGkSapratipattaya iti / militeSu kasya vyaJjakatvamiti sandehe yasya yatra prAdhAnyaM tasya tatra vyaJjakatvamanyeSAmAnuguNyamAtramiti ziSyavyutpattyarthamityarthaH, prAptAvasaratayA ceti / ekatra vaiziSTayatrayAyudAharaNe krameNodAharaNajJAnAbhAvAcchiSyajijJAsAkrameNa tadudAharaNajJAnAyetyarthaH, sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAmityanenaivArthavyaJjakatve darzita kimanenetyata uktam 'nirAkAGkSeti, kiM sAhityenArthasya vyajakatva' mityAkAGkSAni.. vRttyarthamityarthaH / prApteti, zabdavyaJjakatAnirUpaNAnantaramarthavyaJjakatAnirUpaNasya prAptAvasaratvAdiavataraNa saMgati:- . "ukta udAharaNoM meM eka meM hI do prakAra ke vaiziSTaya haiM yA ho sakate haiM phira bahuta se udAharaNa ko diye gaye ? "isakA prathama samAdhAna dete hue likhate haiM 'nirAkAna...ityAdi bahuta se vaiziSTyoM ke eka jagaha mila jAne para kisakI vyaJjakatA hai jaba aisA sandeha upasthita hogA, taba 'jahA~ jisakI pradhAnatA hai vahA~, usakI vyajakatA mAnanI cAhie aura dUsaroM ko usake anuguNaka mAtra (sahAyaka mAtra) mAnakara gauNa mAnanA cAhie yaha jJAna ziSya ko dene ke lie alaga-alaga udAharaNa diye gaye haiN| ziSya jaba pUrvokta udAharaNoM meM nirdiSTa vaiziSTaya kI vyajakatA ke atirikta kisI anya vaiziSTya ko bhI vyaJjaka hote pAegA, to vaha guru se jijJAsA prakaTa karegA ki gurujI, isa zloka ko jisa vaiziSTya kI vyaJjakatA ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai, usameM amuka vaiziSTyamUlaka arthavyajakatA bhI ho sakatI thI, vaha kyoM nahIM dikhAyI gayI, jaise- "anyatra yUyam" isa zloka ko deza vaiziSTyamUlaka ArthIvyaJjanA kA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai, parantu yahA~ vaktRvaiziSTyamUlaka A vyaJjanA bhI ho sakatI hai vaha kyoM nahIM batAyI gayI to guru batAyegA ki yahA~ dezavaiziSTya meM prAdhAnya vivakSita hai, vaktA ke vaiziSTya ke kAraNa vyaGgaya nikala sakatA hai; parantu vaha deza vaiziSTyamUlaka vyaGgya se nyUna camatkAraka hogaa| isI lie ise vaktRvaiziSTyamUlaka vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa nahIM diyaa| isa taraha vAkyavaiziSTya aura vAcyavaiziSTya meM diye gaye vyajanA ke udAharaNoM meM eka dUsare ke udAharaNa kA sandeha hone se use batAyA jAyagA ki jahA~ vAkya kA prAdhAnya vivakSita hotA hai, vahAM vAkya vaiziSTyamUlaka ArthIvyaJjanA hotI hai aura jahA~ vAcya kI pradhAnatA vivakSita hotI hai; vahA~ vAcyavaiziSTya meM ArthIvyaJjanA mAnI jAtI hai| isa taraha ke jJAna se na kevala jijJAsA zAnta hogI parantu use eka mArga yA vyutpatti milegI jisake AdhAra para vaha vyaJjanA meM vaiziSTya vizeSa kI pradhAnatA aura apradhAnatA kA nirNaya kara skegaa| ____ alaga-alaga udAharaNa dene kA dUsarA kAraNa batAte haiM 'prAptAvasaratayA iti'- tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi eka hI udAharaNa meM tIna vaiziSTya batAye jAte to vaha udAharaNa kArikA meM ullikhita lakSyoM ke nAma-kramAnusAra nahIM hotaa| isalie kramika udAharaNa kI ziSya kI jijJAsA ke anusAra una bhedoM ke udAharaNa jJAna ke lie pRthaka pRthak diye gye| - kisI aura kA mata hai ki "sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAma" isI grantha ke dvArA jaba arthavyaJjakatva kA ullekha kiyA jA cukA hai to phira isa (sandarbha) ke likhane se kyA lAbha ? isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke lie nirAkAGkSatyAdi paGkti likhI gayI hai| kisa ke sAhitya se (sahakAra se) yA kisa sahakAra se arthavyaJjaka banatA hai isa AkAGkSA kI nivRtti ke lie yaha tRtIya ullAsa likhA gayA hai| 1. dvitIya ullAsa suutr|

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170 kAvya-prakAzaH tyartha ityanye / evam ekakodAharaNaM tvayA dataM, kvacid dvitayavaiziSTayAt kvacicca tritayavaiziSTayAd vyaGyavizeSapratItiriti kathaM, kathaM ca vaktrAdilakSaNyA lakSyavyaGgayayorvyaJjakatvamavaseyamityata AhavaktrAdInAmiti,dvikAdibhede ityasya vyaJjakatvamityanenAnvayaH, udAharaNAntaramanviSya jJeyamityarthaH / tena attA etthetyudAharaNAntaraM snggcchte| vastuta eNvevodAharaNeSu jJeyamityarthaH / aipihulamityAdau vaktRboddhavyayovizeSAt tata iyAmahetyAdau vAkyapratipAdyatatpreyasIrUpAnyasannidhAnavaiziSTayAduktavyaGgayapratItirevamanyatrApyUhyam / lakSyavyaGgayayozca vaiziSTyaM pratyudAharaNaM prAgahamavarNayameveti jJeyam, yathA nirAkAGkSapratipattaye ekaikasya pArthakyenodAharaNaM tathA dvikAdibhede'pyastItyapekSAyAm / "zvazrUratra zete atrAhaM divasa eva pralokaya / mA pathika ! rAtryandha ! zayyAyAmAvayoH zayiSThAH / / (atra) prathamArdhana madIyazayyAbhrameNa zvazrUzayane mA ptissysi| rAyandhetyanena yadi kazcit . zabda kI vyajakatA ke nirUpaNa ke bAda arthavyajakatA ke nirUpaNa kA avasara prApta thA isalie bhI yaha saba likhanA aura alaga-alaga udAharaNa denA Avazyaka thaa| "vaktrAdInAM......bhedena" kI avataraNa saMgati : ina udAharaNoM meM Apane alaga-alaga vaiziSTyoM kI alaga-alaga vyaJjakatA dikhAyI hai aura eka-eka kA udAharaNa Apane diyA hai; parantu kahIM do vaiziSTyoM se aura kahIM tIna vaiziSTyoM se vyaGgaya vizeSa kI pratIti hotI hai; vaha kaise sambhava hai ? aura vaktrAdi kI vilakSaNatA se lakSya aura vyaGgaya kI vyajakatA ko kaise jAneM ? isa jijJAsA kI zAnti ke lie likhate haiM-"vaktrAdInAm......bhedena" / pUrvavAkya meM "dvikAdibhede" isakA 'vyajakatvam' isake sAtha anvaya mAnanA caahie| isa taraha granthakAra batAte haiM ki vaktA Adi ke paraspara saMyoga se do-do yA tIna tIna bhedoM kI (milita) vyaJjakatA bhI hotI hai| ina dvika aura trika bhedoM ke udAharaNa (vAkya se) khoja kara jAnane caahie| isI se "attA ettha" isa udAharaNAntara kI saMgati baiThatI hai| vastataH inhIM udAharaNoM meM dika aura trika bhedoM ke udAharaNa bhI jAnane caahie| jaise "ai pihala" isa udAharaNa meM (jo vaktA ke vaiziSTya meM diyA gayA hai) vaktA aura boddhavya donoM kA milita vaiziSTya milatA hai, isalie yaha udAharaNa 'dvikavaiziSTya' kA ho sakatA hai| isI taraha 'taiyA maha' isa udAharaNa ko jo yahA~ vAkya vaiziSTya-mUlaka ArthI vyaJjanA ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM AyA hai trikabheda kA bhI udAharaNa samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki yahA~ (vAkya vAcya donoM vaiziSTya ke sAya usa preyasIrUpa anya (vyakti) ke sAnidhAna kA eka tIsarA bhI vaiziSTya hai, jo vAkya ke dvArA pratipAdita huA hai| isa taraha Uha ke dvArA anya udAharaNoM meM bhI dvika aura trika vaiziSTya DhaMr3he jA sakate haiN| maiMne (naiyAyika TIkAkAra ne) pratyeka udAharaNa meM vAcya kI vyajakatA darzAte samaya lakSya aura vyaGgaya kA vaiziSTaya pahale dikhAyA hI hai use vahIM se samajhanA cAhie / "yahI bAta batAte hue likhate haiM "anena krameNa udAhAryam" isa krama se lakSya tathA vyaGgaya arthoM ke vyajakatva ke udAharaNa samajha lene cAhie "krama pahale hI samajhAyA gayA hai| jaise nirAkAGkSatva pratipatti ke lie (jijJAsA zAnti ke lie eka-eka kA alaga-alaga udAharaNa diyA gayA hai vaise dvikAdi bheda ke bhI udAharaNa haiM, isa sandarbha meM yA apekSA hone para 'attA ettha' "zvazrUratra" yaha udAharaNa diyA jA sakatA hai| he ratauMdhI ke marIja pathika, dina meM bhalI bhAMti dekha lo, yahA~ merI sAsa sotI hai, sotI kyA hai vaha to mAnoM nIMda meM DUba jAtI hai (nimajjati) aura maiM yahA~ leTatI huuN| ratauMdhI ke kAraNa rAta meM dikhAI na dene se kahIM merI zayyA para na gira pdd'naa|

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tRtIya ullAsaH anena krameNa lakSyavyaGgayayozca vyaJjakatvamudAhAryam / [sU0 38] zabdapramANavedyo'rtho vyanaktyarthAntaraM ytH| tvAM macchayane pazyet tadA'haM rAtryandhatAvazAdatrApatamiti brUyAH iti vynggym| 'maha' ityAvayorarthe nipAtaH, tena zvazrUzayyAsAdhAraNyena svazayyApatanapradarzane parasya vyaGgayabodho nirvAyata iti bodhyam / atra vaktRpratipAdyayoH prasiddhavyabhicArayorveziSTayAvagamAt prakRtArthapratItiriti vadanti / na ca pathikatvena pratipAdye vyabhicAraprasiddharabhAva iti vAcyam, 'pahia [ra) tti aMdhaye' tyatra prathitarAtryandhetyarthAdityAbhAti / nanUktodAharaNeSu zabdArthayordvayorapi vyaJjakatvAt kathamarthamAtravyaJjakatvamata Aha-zabdapramANeti / zabdasya sahakAriteti, padAntarapratipAdyamAnasyApi prakRtArthasya vyaJjakatvAt parivRttisahatvena yahA~ gAthA ke prathamAI ke dvArA 'merI zayyA ke bhrama se kahIM merI sAsa kI zayyA para nahIM gira par3anA' yaha vyaGgaya prakaTa hotA hai / 'rAtryandhaka' 'ratauMdhI ke marIja' isase 'yadi koI tujhe merI zayyA para dekhe to yaha bolanA ki maiM ratauMdhI ke kAraNa yahAM gira par3A hU~ jAna bUjha kara yahA~ nahIM soyA hU~, yaha vyaGgaya nikalatA hai| isa taraha aparAdha parimArjana kA upAya dikhAyA gayA hai / 'maha' yaha zabda 'AvayoH' hama dono isa artha meM nipAtita huA hai| isa se sAsa aura apanI donoM kI zayyAoM para gira par3ane kI sambhAvanA dikhAkara pathika se atirikta vyakti ko jo use vastutaH ratauMdhI ke marIja mAnate haiM, pUrvokta vyaGgayabodha nahIM hogaa| isalie yahAM una vaktA aura boddhavya donoM ke vaiziSTaya kA jJAna ho rahA hai jinameM vyabhicAra kI bAta mazahUra ho cukI hai| vaktA aura boddhavya ke milita vaiziSTaya se zayyA para Ane kA AmantraNa svarUpa vyaGgaya pratIta hotA hai isalie yaha 'dvika bheda' kA udAharaNa hai| abhI-abhI Apane jo batAyA ki yahAM vaktrI nAyikA aura sambodhya pathika donoM kI vyabhicAra vArtA prasiddha ho cukI hai, yaha to ThIka pratIta nahIM hotA kyoMki isa gAthA kA sambodhya (pratipAdya) pathika hai, vaha to koI musAphira hai, musAphira to ajanabI (aparicita) hI hotA hai aisI sthiti meM boddha vya ke vyabhicAra ko prasiddha kahanA tarkasaMgata nahIM jAna par3atA? aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki "rAtryandhaka" ratauMdhI ke marIja yaha vizeSaNa bhale hI jhUThA hI kyoM na ho sunanevAloM ko usake kaI bAra (vaha pathika rUpa meM hI kyoM na ho) yahAM AvAgamana kI sUcanA detA hai| isalie yahAM ke pratipAdya pathika ko aparicita-ekadama aparicita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| eka aparicita pathika ko rAyandhaka koI nahIM kaha sktaa| jisa pathika ke rAta meM dekhane kA pramAda jJAta ho cukA hai| use hI aisA sambodhana diyA jA sakatA hai| jisa pathika kI rAtryandhatA to prathita (prasiddha) hI hai usakI vyabhicAra kathA bhI prathita ho to vaha svAbhAvika hI hai| ArthIvyaMjanA meM zabda kI sahakAritA kA pratipAdana aura usakI avataraNa saMgatiH ukta udAharaNoM meM zabda aura artha donoM vyaMjaka haiM phira ina udAharaNoM meM arthamAtra kI vyaMjakatA kaise mAnI jAtI hai isa jijJAsA kI zAnti ke lie kArikA likhate haiM zabdapramANavedyo'rtho-sahakAritA / ityAdi / __zabda pramANa se vedaya. artha hI arthAntara ko vyakta karatA hai; isalie artha ke vyaMjakatva meM zabda sahakArI hotA hai| isa taraha ukta udAharaNoM meM zabda mukhyarUpa meM vyaMjaka nahIM hai| pradhAnarUpa se vyaMjaka artha hai isalie "prAdhAnyena vyapadezAH bhavanti" nAmAdi kI vyapadezatA kA AdhAra prAdhAnya hai arthAt jo pradhAna hotA hai usI ko AdhAra banAkara nAma rakhe jAte haiM isalie pradhAnarUpa meM artha ke vyaMjaka hone ke kAraNa ukta udAharaNoM meM arthavyaMjakatA dikhAnA saMgata hI hai|

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.172 kAvya-prakAzaH arthasya vyajakatve tacchabdasya sahakAritA // 23 // zabdeti / nahi pramANAntaravedyo'rtho vyaJjakaH / iti kAvyaprakAze'rthavya jakatAnirNayo nAma tRtIyollAsaH / zabdasyAprAdhAnyAdarthavyaJjakatAvyapadezaH 'prAdhAnye vyapadezA bhavanti' iti nyAyAditi bhAva iti madhumatIkRtaH / paramAnandaprabhUtayastu nanvevamarthasya pramANAntaratApattiH tadasAdhAraNasahakAreNa manasA vyaGgacapramApanAdityata Aha- zabdeti / tathA ca zabdAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAcchabdasyaiva pradhAnatA madhumatI TIkAkAra kA mata madhumatI TIkAkAra kA yahI kahanA hai ki ina udAharaNoM meM zabda sahakArI hai| mukhya vyaJjaka nahIM hai| pUrvokta udAharaNoM meM zabdoM kA paryAyaparivartana ho sakatA hai / jo pada yahAM prayukta hue haiM unake sthAna para yadi unake paryAya dUsare pada prayukta hoM, to una padAntaroM ke dvArA pratipAdita artha bhI vyaJjaka pUrvavat bane rahate haiM / isa taraha yahA~ zabdaparivRttisaha hai; zabdaparivartana ko sahana karate haiM, zabdoM meM paryAyaparivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| isalie yahA~ zabda ke apradhAna hone ke kAraNa artha kI vyaJjakatA mAnI gayI hai; kyoMki artha yahA~ pradhAna hai, vaha aparivartanIya hai| vyapadeza prAdhAnya ke AdhAra para hotA hai| isalie isa vyaJjanA kA nAma 'ArthI vyajanA par3A aura ukta udAharaNoM ko arthavyajakatA kA udAharaNa mAnA gyaa| paramAnanda Adi anya AcAryoM kA mA paramAnanda prati AcAryoM kA mata hai ki yadi artha ko vyaJjaka mAne to artha ko atirikta pramANa mAnanA par3egA, dArzanikoM ne zabda ko to pramANa mAnA hai kintu artha ko zabda se alaga karake pramANoM meM nahIM ginAyA hai| isalie kevala artha ko vyajaka nahIM mAnanA cAhie / artha ko vyaJjaka mAnane kA tAtparya hai ki Apa artha ke asAdhAraNa sahakAra se sahakRta mana se vyaGgayabodha mAnate haiM, aisA ThIka nahIM hai, yaha batAte hue granthakAra ne kArikA avatarita kI hai- zabda pramANa-kAritA / isa taraha siddha huA ki artha zabda kA anvaya-vyatirekAnuvidhAyI hai arthAta 'zabdasattve arthstt|' isa anvaya aura 'zabdAbhAve'rthabodhAbhAvaH' isa vyatireka se yukta zabda hai isalie vahI pradhAna hai na ki arthapradhAna hai / zabda rahane para arthabodha hotA hai aura zabdAbhAva meM nahIM hotA ye anvaya aura vyatireka zabda kI pradhAnatA siddha karate haiM / "jo vyaJjaka ho vaha pramANa ho" isako AdhAra banAkara Apane artha kI vya katA kA khaNDana kiyA hai parantu isa AdhAra para to kaTAkSAdi kI vyaJjakatA bhI chInI jA sakatI hai kyoMki yadi use vyajaka mAneMge to ise bhI pramANAntara mAnanA par3egA? isa tarka se usakI sarvasammata aura 'ceSTAdikasya ca' zabda ke dvArA mammaTasvIkRta vyajakatA samApta ho jAyagI aisA doSa nahIM denA cAhie / ceSTAdi apane Apa jya ka nahIM hai cakSura-di pramANAntara ke upasthApita ceSTAdi hI vyaMjaka hotI haiM, saba nahIM / arthapratyakSa ke dvArA hamane kaI bAra muha ke Age ajali jor3akara kaI vyaktiyoM ko pAnI pIte dekhA hai tabhI hana isa mudrA se mudrA pradazita karanebAle kI pipAsA jAnate hai, jina ceSTAoM kA artha pratyakSa se hameM jJAta nahIM hai, vaha kabhI byasjaka nahIM bntii| isa taraha artha bhI apradhAnarUpa meM vyasmaka hai aura ceSTA bhii| vRtti meM likhI huI pakti "nahi pramANAntaravedyo'rthoM vyajakaH" kI vyAkhyA karate hae unhoMne likhA hai

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173 tRtIya ullAsaH nArthasya / na ca kaTAkSAderapi vyaJjakatvAttasya pramANAntaratApattiH, tasyApi cakSurAdipramANAntaropasthApitasyaiva vyaJjakatvAditi bhAva ityAhuH, na hIti, prakRta iti zeSaH, anyathA netratribhAgAderapi vyaJjakatvAdasaGgatvApattirityavadheyam / vayaM tu nanu yacatra zabdasya na vyaJjakatvaM tadA prakRSTAprakRSTavyaGgavacchandArthayugalatvarUpotamamadhyamakAvya lakSaNAnAkrAntatayA'vyaGgayarUpAdhamakAvyatA'bhyupagame'rthasthApi vyaJjakatA vyavasthApanamanu ki 'nahi' ke bAda 'prakRte' pada kA zeSa mAnanA caahie| isase ukta paGkti kA artha hogA ki prakRta meM (yahA~) pramANAtara (anumAna Adi anya pramANoM) se vedya artha vyaka nahIM hotA hai| anyathA ( yadi zeSa na mAneM to netra-vibhAva ( kaTAkSa ) Adi ko bhI vyaJjaka hone ke kAraNa pUrvokta paGkti kA artha asaMgata ho jAyagA / prastuta TIkAkAra kA mata hama to yaha samajhate haiM ki yadi Apa nA ke udAharaNoM meM zabda ko vyajaka nahIM mAneM to ina udAharaNoM meM prakRSTa vyaGgaya se sampanna zabda aura artha donoM ke na hone se inheM uttamakAvya ke lakSaNa se anAkAnta hone ke kAraNa uttama kAvya nahIM kaha sakate haiM, aprakRSTa vyaGgayayukta zabda aura artha donoM ke na hone se inheM madhyamakAvya ke lakSaNoM se bhI dUra hone ke kAraNa madhyamakAvya bhI nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki mammaTa ne kAvya ke sAmAnya lakSaNa meM "zabdArthI" kaha kara zabda aura artha donoM para tulya bala diyA hai|' isalie una udAharaNoM meM yadi zabda ko vyaJjaka nahIM mAneMge to uttama aura madhyama kAvya ke lakSaNa vahA~ nahIM ghaTeMge aisI sthiti meM zabda ke avyaJjaka hone se vahA~ anyaGgarUpa adhamakAvyatA ho mAnanI hogI ? kyoki zabdArthayugala ko kAvya kahA gayA hai, zabda ke adhyaka hone se kAvya kA eka pakSa vyaGgya zUnya huA isalie unheM avyaya hone ke kAraNa adhama-kAvya hI kahanA par3egA / aisI sthiti meM artha kI vyaJjakatA kA vyavasthApana karanA anucita hI hai isI Azaya se likhA gayA hai "pramANa bedyaH -- sahakAritA" tAtparya yaha hai ki ukta udAharaNoM zabda bhI sahakArIrUpa meM vyaJjaka hai hI / isalie zabdArthayugala ke vyaJjaka hone se aura prakRSTa vyaGgaya kI pratIti hone se ina udAharaNoM kI ginatI uttamakAvya kI zreNI meM hI kI jaaygii| isalie ina udAharaNoM meM ArthI aJjanA mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai| sahakArI rUpa meM zabda bhI vyaJjaka hai hI ; isalie zabda ke ayaJjaka hone se inheM adhama kAvya bhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| bAta yaha hai ki zAbdI vyaJjanA meM zabda mukhya rUpa se vyaJjaka hotA hai aura artha isakA sahakArI hotA hai| isa lie artha bhI sahakArI hone se vyaJjaka hotA hai ThIka isI taraha ArthI vyaJjanA meM artha meM mukhya rUpa se vyaJjakatA rahatI hai| aura zabda meM sahakArI rUpa se / isalie donoM bhedoM meM zabdoM aura artha donoM meM vyaJjakatA siddha hone ke kAraNa kAvya lakSaNa ke samanvayana meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai / ; hamAre vicAra meM "mahi pramANAntaravedyo'tha vyaJjakaH vRtti ke isa vAkya kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra haizabda pramANa se gamya artha hI kAvya meM vyaJjaka hotA hai| yahAM anumAnAdi anya pramANoM se gamya artha kaTAkSAdi kI taraha nahIM hote haiN| lokottaravarNanAnipuNa kavi kI zabdamayI racanA kAvya kahalAtI hai| kavi zabda ke ku zabde yA kuGa zabde dhAtu se banA huA hai| varNana kA AdhAra yahA~ zabda hotA hai, vahIM kAvyatva mAnA jAtA hai / isalie vividha mudrA, kaTAkSa, citra Alekha Adi vyaJjaka hote hue bhI kAvya nahIM kahalAte haiM / "dvAropAnta nirantare mavi" isa baloka meM vividha ceSTAoM kA zabdamaya varNana hai| ataH yahAM kAvyatya hai aura yahAM zabda hI vyaka hai| isa lie yaha ThIka hI hai ki kAvya jagat meM kaTAkSAdi kI taraha zabda se bhinna (pratyakSa anumAnAdi ) pramANoM se gamya artha vyaJjaka nahIM hotA /

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174 citamata Aha zabdeti / nahIti / kaTAkSAderiva pramANAntaravedyasyArthasya na vyaJjakatvaM yenoktalakSaNakSatirApadyateti bhAva iti vyAcakSmahe / tRtIyaH / / iti zrIH // iti nyAyavizArada-nyAyAcArya-mahopAdhyAya-zrImadyazovijayagaNi-viracita-kAvyaprakAzaTIkAyAm arthavyaJjakatA-nirUpaNAtmako nAma tRtIyaH samullAsaH / hama pUrvokta sandarbha kI aisI vyAkhyA karate hai aura kaTAkSAdi kI taraha pramANAntara (mada bhinna pramANoM) se vedya artha ko vyajaka nahIM mAnate haiM isalie ukta (kAvya) lakSaNa meM koI doSa nahIM AtA hai / usa lakSaNa kA ukta udAharaNoM meM samanvaya ho jAtA hai ! kyoMki vahA~ pradhAna yA sahakArI rUpa meM zabda, aura partha donoM vyacaka haiN| zabda se avaNita kaTAkSAdi ceSTAoM meM zabda kI vyaJjakatA ke nahIM hone ke kAraNa lakSaNa kA asamanvaya iSTa hI hai| kyoMki korI kaTAkSAdi ceSTAe~ kAvya nahIM haiM / tRtIya ullAsa: muni zrI yazovijaya jI upAdhyAya kRta 'kAvya prakAza kI saMskRta TIkA' meM tIsarA ullAsa samApta huaa| // iti zrIharSanAthamizrakRte hindIbhASAnuvAde tRtIya ullaasH|| .

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sUtra anekArthasya zabdasya arthavyaJjakatocyate praryAH proktAH purA evamapyanavasthA jJAnasya viSayo tacca gUDhamagUDhaM vA tatra vyApAroM tadeSA kathitA prathama pariziSTa arorarer dvitIya tathA tRtIya ullAsa ke sUtroM kI kArAdi-krama se sUcI tadbhUrlAkSaNika : tadyukto vyaJjakaH tAtparyArtho'pi keSucit nAbhidhA samayAbhAvAt prayojanena sahitaM bhedAvimau ca sAdRzyAt mukhyArthabAdhe tadyoge yatso'rthAntarayuk yasya pratItimAdhAtu pRSTha 131 148 140 115 115 101 106 105 106 143 6 106 117 83 54 144 107 sUtra lakSaNA tena SaDvidhA lakSyaM na mukhyaM vaktRboddhavya 0 vAcyAdayastadarthAH syuH viziSTe lakSaNA vizeSAH syustu viSayyantaH kRte'nyasmin vyaGgyena rahitA rUDhI zabdapramANa 0 saGketitazcaturbhedo sarveSAM prAyazo'rthAnAM sAkSAtsaGketitaM sAropAnyA tu syAdvAcako lAkSaNika: svasiddhaye parAkSepaH hetvabhAvAnna lakSaNA pRSTha EX 111 146 4 124 125 81 100 171 33 53 13 25 81 1 56 110

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ra padya 102 dvitIya pariziSTa kAvyaprakAzastha dvitIya-tRtIya ullAsa ke mUla, TIkA, hindI anuvAda tathA TippaNI meM diye gaye udAharaNa aura uddharaNoM ko prakArAdi krama se sUcI padya ai. pihulaM jalakubhaM na so'sti pratyayo loke (hi. a.) anyatra yUyaM kusumAvacAyaM bhadrAtmano duradhiroha 136 abhidheyAvinAbhUta (vRtti) * 87 mAe gharovaaraNaM 16.. usa NiccalaNippaMdA 22 mukhaM vikasitasmitaM uddezo'yaM sarasakadalI yA ca bhUmivikalpAnAM (TippaNI) edahamettatthaNiA yo'sakRt paragotrANAM (hi. a.) . 139 bISiNadaM dovvallaM 151 vizeSaNAdivyavahAra0 (TippaNI) gurumaNaparavasa pisa vizeSyaM nAbhidhA gacchet (vRtti) jAtAvastitvanAstitve (TIkA) zabdairebhiH pratIyante (TIkA) gellei aNollamaNA zrIparicayAjjaDA 105 tajhyA maha gaMDatyala0 160 sAmarthyamaucitI dezaH (vRtti) tasidvijAtisArUpya0 (TIkA) sAhatI sahi suhaaM tathAbhUtAM dRSTvA 152 suvvA samAgamissadi tulye'pi bhede zamane (TippaNI) saMyogo viprayogazca (vRtti) 133 jharopAntanirantare 50 20 51

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tRtIya-pariziSTa nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya, mahopAdhyAya . zrImad yazovijayajI upAdhyAya dvArA racita granthoM kI sUcI saMskRta tathA prAkRta bhASA ke upalabdha grantha 1prajjappamayaparikkhA 3 adhyAtmopaniSad [aparanAma-AdhyAtmikamata(adhyAtmamataparIkSA) . 4 anekAnta mata vyavasthA khaNDana svopajJaTIkA sahita svopajJaTIkA sahita [aparanAma-jainatarka] +6 prAtmakhyAti* +2 adhyAtmasAra . . +5 aspRzadgativAda +7 pArAdhakavirAdhakacaturbhagI 1. sUcI ke sambandha meM jJAtavya . prastuta sUcI pUrva prakAzita sabhI sUciyoM ke saMzodhana, parivartana tathA parivardhana ke pazcAt yathAsambhava paripUrNa rUpa meM sAvadhAnI pUrvaka vyavasthita rUpa se prakAzita kI jA rahI hai| isameM bahuta se grantha nae bhI jor3e gae haiN| isameM granthoM ke antargata pAe hue choTe-bar3e vAdoM ko prastuta nahIM kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ prastuta granthoM ke nAmoM meM kucha granthoM ke nAma unakI hastalikhita pratiyoM para aMkita nAmAntara se bhI dekhane meM Ae haiN| ataH upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ke nAma para anucita DhaMga se aMkita kRtiyoM ke nAma yahAM nahIM die gae haiN| kucha kRtiyA~ aisI bhI haiM jo inhIM kI haiM athavA nahIM? isa sambandha meM abhI taka nirNaya nahIM ho pAyA hai, unake nAma bhI yahA~ sammilita nahIM kie gae haiN| tathA adyAvadhi ajJAtarUpa meM sthita kucha kRtiyA~ apane hI jJAna-bhaNDAroM ke sUcI-patroM meM anya racayitAoM ke nAma para car3hI huI haiN| isI prakAra kucha kRtiyA~ aisI haiM jinake Adi aura anta meM upAdhyAya jI ke nAma kA ullekha nahIM hone se ve anAmI ke rUpa meM hI ullikhita haiM, unake bAre meM bhaviSya meM jJAta honA sambhava hai| saMketa cihna-bodha prastuta sUcI meM kucha saMketa cihnoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jinameM * aisA puSpa cihna anUdita kRtiyoM kA sUcaka hai| . * X puSpa evaM (kAsa) guNana-cihna aise donoM prakAra ke cihna anUdita hone ke sAtha hI apUrNa tathA khaNDita kRtiyoM ke lie prayukta haiN| ___+ aisA dhana cihna svayaM upAdhyAya jI mahArAja ke apane hI hAtha se likhe gae prathamAdarzarUpa granthoM kA paricAyaka hai| . (?) aisA praznavAcaka cihna "yaha kRti upAdhyAya jI dvArA hI racita hai athavA nahIM ?" isa prakAra kI zaMkA ko abhivyakta karatA hai|

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178 ] [svopajJaTIkA sahita ] + 8 zrArSabhIyacaritra mahA kAvya * X e uvaesa rahassa (upadezarahasya) svopajJaTIkA sahita + 10 aindrastuti catuvizatikA svopajJaTIkA sahita + 11 kUvanti vizaIkararaNa (kUpaSTAnta vizadIkaraNa ) svopajJaTIkA sahita 12 gurutattaviricchya (gurutattvavinizcaya) svopajJaTIkA sahita 13 jailakkharaNasamuccaya) ( yatilakSaNa - samuccaya) 14 jaina takabhASA 15 jJAna bindu 16 jJAnasAra 17 jJAnAva svopajJaTIkA sahita + 18 cakSuprApyakAritAvAda + 16 tiGanvayokti X 20 devadharmaparIkSA 21 dvAtriMzadvAtriMzikA svopajJaTIkA sahita 22 dhammaparikkhA (dharmaparIkSA) (svopajJaTIkA) 23 nayapradIpa zvetAmbara granthoM para TIkAe~ + 1 utpAdAdisiddhiprakararaNa kI +24 nayarahasya 25 nayopadeza svopajJaTIkA sahita + 26 nyAyakhaNDanakhAdya TIkA [svakRta 'mahAvIrastava' mUla para nirmita ] + 27 nyAyAloka +28 nizAbhaktaduSTatva vicAra prakararaNa + 2 paramajyotiH paJcaviMzatikA 30 paramAtmapaJcaviMzatikA 31 pratimAzataka svopajJaTIkA sahita 32 pratimAsthApananyAya +33 prameyamAlA + + 34 bhAsA rahassa (bhASA rahasya ) svopajJaTIkA sahita + 35 mArgaparizuddhi 36 yatidinacaryA (?) * + 37 vAdamAlA +38 vAdamAlA dvitIya # x + 36 vAdamAlA tRtIya - X + 40 vijayaprabhasUrikSAmaraNakavijJaptipatra 41 vijayaprabhasUrisvAdhyAya [ prArambhamAtra prApta + 4 tatvArtha sUtra kI TIkA + 42 vijayollAsakAvya X* + 43 viSayatAvAda -44 vairAgyakalpalatA + 45 vairAgyarati X 46 sAmAyArIpayaraNa ( sAmAcArIprakaraNa) svopajJaTIkA sahita TIkA X [ prathamAdhyAya mAtra upalabdha ] + 2 kampayasi (karmaprakRti) ko +5 jogavihAraNa vosiyA (yogavizikA kI TIkA ) bRhatTIkA 3 kammaparyADa laghuTIkA + 6 vItarAgastotra aSTama prakrA 47 siddhasahasranAmakoza* X 48 stotrAvalI pUrvAcAryakRta saMskRta - prAkRta granthoM para upalabdha TIkA tathA bhASA grantha - prAdijinastotra - zamInAbhidhapArzvanAthastotra [ padya saM. 6 ] - vArANasIpArzvanAthastotra [padya saM. 21] - zaGkha ezvara pArzvanAthastotra [ padya saM. 33] - zaGkhazvarapArzvanAthastotra [ padya saM. 68 ] - goDIpArzvanAthastotra* [ padya saM. 108 ] - mahAvIraprabhustotra [ padya saM0 ] - zaGkha ezvarapArzvanAtha stotra [padya saM. 113] - vIrastava [ padya saM0 106 ] -samAdhisAmyadvAtriMzikA - stutigIti tathA patrakAvya zakI 'syAdavAda - rahasya' nAmaka tIna TIkAe~* [ x jaghanya, madhyama, + utkRSTa ] 7 zAstravArtAsamuccaya ko 'syAdU atakalpalatA' TIkA

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[ 176 SoDazaka kI TIkA jainetara granthoM para TIkAe~ +3 pAtaJjalayogadarzana kI 6 syAdvAdamaJjarI kI TokA(?)* TIkA +1kAvyaprakAza kI TIkA-x digambara granthoM para TIkA +2 nyAyasiddhAntamaJjarI . +1 aSTasAhasrI kI TokA zabdakhaNDa kI TIkA anyakartRka-labhya saMzodhita grantha 1. dharmasaMgraha [svakIya TippaNI sahita] 2. uvaesamAlA-upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha sampAdita-grantha dvAdazAranayacakroddhAra TIkA prAlekhanAdi svakRta saMskRta aura prAkRta ke alabhya grantha tathA TIkAe~ 1 adhyAtmabindu ____TIkA para kI gaI TIkA] 15 vAdarahasya 2 adhyAtmopadeza 7 jJAnasAra pravariNa 16 vAdArNava 3 anekAnta (vAda)praveza 8 tattvAlokavivaraNa 17 vidhivAda 4 alaGkAracUDAmariNa kI TIkA trisUtryAlokavivaraNa 18 vedAntanirNaya [haimakAvyAnuzAsana kI svo10 dravyAloka 16 vedAntavivekasarvasva pajJa 'alaMkAracUDAmaNi' TIkA para kI gaI TIkA] svopajJaTIkA sahita 20 zaThaprakaraNa 5 pAlokahetutAvAda 11 nyAyabindu (?) / 21 siripujjaleha 6 chandazcUDAmariNa ko TokA 12 nyAyavAdArtha (zrIpUjyalekha) . [haimachandonuzAsana kI svo- 13 pramArahasya 22 saptabhaGgotaraGgiNI . pajJa 'chandazcUDAmaNi' kI 14 maGgalavAda 23 siddhAntatarkapariSkAra ___ inake atirikta [hAribhadrIya-] 16 vizikAoM para kI gaI 16 TIkAe~ tathA anta meM 'rahasya' zabda-pada se alaMkRta aneka prakaraNa grantha aura anya ullikhita 'citrarUpaprakAza', 'jJAnakarmasamuccayavAda' prAdi choTI-bar3I kRtiyaaN| isI prakAra bahuta sI kRtiyA~ aprApya bhI ho gaI haiN| gujarAtI, hindI aura mizrabhASA meM upalabdha kRtiyA~' 1 agiyAra aMga sajjhAya *4 adhyAtmamata parIkSA bAlA- X6 prAdezapaTTaka 2 agiyAra gaNadhara namaskAra . vabodha 7aAnandaghana aSTapadI 3 aDhAra pApasthAnaka sajjhAya 5 amRtavelInI sajjhAyo (do) 8 pATha dRSTinI sajjhAya 1. ina gUrjara kRtiyoM kA adhikAMza bhAga 'gUrjara sAhitya saMgraha' bhAga-1, 2 meM mudrita ho cukA hai| 2. sajjhAya zabda mUlataH svAdhyAya kA prAkRta rUpa hai|

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180 ] eka sau pATha bola saMgraha vana, stabaka sahita 40 zrIpAlarAsa (kevala uttax10 kAyasthiti stavana [pa0 saM0 125] rArdha) 11 caDyA paDyAnI sajjhAya 25 nizcayavyavahAragarbhita 41 samAdhizataka (tantra) 12caubIsIso (tIna), [padya saM. zAnti jinastavana 42 samudra-vahAraNa saMvAda [pa0 saM048] X43 saMyamariNa vicAra sajjhAya 13 jasa vilAsa (prAdhyAtmika 27 nemarAjula gIta svopajJa TabArtha sahita pada) [padya saM0 242] 28 paMcaparameSThI gItA 44 samyaktvanA sar3asaTha bolanI +14 jambUsvAmI rAsa [pa0 saM0 131] sajjhAya [pa0 saM 65] padya saM0664) 26 paMcagaNadhara bhAsa 15 jinapratimA sthApananI 45 samyaktva caupAI, aparanAma 30 pratikramaNahetugarbha sajjhAya sajjhAya (tIna) 31 paMcaniyaMThi (paMca nimrantha SaTsthAnaka svAdhyAya 16 jaisalamera ke do patra . saMgraha) bAlAvabodha .. svopajJa TIkA sahita 46 sAdhu-vandanA rAsa 417 jJAnasAra bAlAvabodha 32 pAMca kuguru sajjhAya. x18 tattvArthAdhigamastotra, bAlA [pa0 saM 108] 33 pistAloza prAgama sajjhAya bodha 47 sAmyazataka (samatAzataka) 34 brahmagItA x16 tera kAThiyA nibandha (1) 48 sthApanAcAryakalpa sajjhAya 35 mauna ekAdazI stavana 20 dikpaTa corAsI bola 36 yatidharma batrIsI 46 siddhasahasranAma chanda 21 dravyaguNa paryAya rAsa svo- x37 vicAra bindu [pa0 saM0 21] pajJa TabArtha sahita [dharmaparIkSA kA vArtika] 50 siddhAntavicAragabhita sIma22 navapakpUjA (zrIpAlarAsa ke 38 vihAramAna jinaviMzatikA ndharajina stavana antargata) [pa0 saM0 123] svopajJa TrabArtha sahita 23 navanidhAna stavano 36 vIrastutirUpa haMDI kA stavana [padya0 saM0 350] 24 nayarahasyabhita sImandhara svopajJa bAlAvabodha sahita 51 suguru sajjhAya svAmI kI vinatirUpatara- [pa0 saM0150] . 52 tarkasaMgraha bAlAvabodha anyakartRka granthoM ke anuvAda rUpa meM ___ gurjara bhASA ko aprApya kRtiyAM 1-yAnandaghana bAvozI-bAlAvabodha tathA 2-apabhraMza prabandha (?) x yaha cihna aprakAzita kRtiyoM kA sUcaka hai| + yaha cihna upalabdha saMskRta sUcI meM anullikhita kRtiyoM kA sUcaka hai kyoMki ye granthAMza rUpa meM hI prApta haiM /

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caturtha-pariziSTa sAhitya-kalAratna, muni zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja ke sAhitya evaM kalA-lakSI kAryoM kI sUcI [pU0 muni zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja (isa grantha ke pradhAna sampAdaka tathA saMyojaka) ne zrutasAhitya tathA jainakalA ke kSetra meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sevA kI hai| hindI-sAhitya kA pAThaka-varga bhI pApakI kRtiyoM se paricita ho, isa dRSTi se yahA~ nimnalikhita sUcI prastuta kI jA rahI hai| -sampAdaka) (1) svaracita evaM sampAdita kRtiyA~ 1-'suyaza jina stavanAbalI (saM0 1961) 2-candrasUryamaNDala kaNikA nirUpaNa (saM0 1992) 3-bRhatsaMgrahaNI (saMgrahaNIratna) citrAvalI (65 citra) (saM0 1968) 4-pAMca pariziSTa (saM0 2000) 5-bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke 15 citroM kA paricaya, svayaM munijI ke hAthoM se citrita (saM0 2015) 6 upAdhyAyajI mahArAja dvArA svahastalikhita evaM anya pratiyoM ke prAdya tathA antima pRSThoM kI 50 pratikRtiyoM kA sampuTa (prAlabam-citrAdhAra) (saM0 2017) 7-pAgamaratnapistAlIzI (gujarAtI padya) (saM0 2023) 8-tIrthakara bhagavAn zrImahAvIra [grantha ke 35 citroM kA tIna bhASAoM meM paricaya, 12 pariziSTa tathA 105 pratIka evaM 40 rekhA paTTikAoM kA paricaya] (saM0 2028) . (2) anUdita kRtiyAM 1-bRhatsaMgrahaNI sUtra, yantra, koSThaka tathA 65 raMga-biraMge svanirmita citroM se yukta (saM0 1965) - 2-bRhatsaMgrahaNo sUtranI gAthAo, gAthArtha sahita (saM0 1965) / 3-sujasavelI bhAsa, mahattvapUrNa TippaNI ke sAtha (saM0 2006) (3) saMzodhita tathA sampAdita kRtiyA~ 1-navvANu yAtrAnI vidhi (saM0 2000) 2-Atma-kalyANa mAlA (caityavandana, thoya, sajjhAya, DhAliyAM Adi kA vipula saMgraha (prA. 2. saM0.2007) 3-sajjhAyo tathA DhAliyA~ (saM0 2007) 4-zrIpauSadha vidhi (A. 4, saM0 2008) 1. isa kRti kI aba taka ATha AvRttiyAM chapa cukI haiN| AThavIM prAvRtti vi. saM. 2000 meM chapI thii| 2. isameM se nau gujarAtI aura eka hindI stavanaM 'mohana-mAlA' meM diye haiN| isake atirikta isameM munijI dvArA racita gahu~lI ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai| 3. ye pariziSTa bRhatsaMgrahaNI sAnuvAda prakAzita huI hai usase sambandhita haiN|

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182 ] 5 - jinendra stavAdi guNagumphita mohanamAlA' (A0 4, saM. 2009) 6- sujasa velI bhAsa (sa0 2009 ) 7- kalpasUtra subodhikA TIkA sahita, prati ke AkAra meM katipaya upayogI vizeSatAoM ke sAtha, (saM0 2010) 8- RSimaNDala stotra ( laghu aura bRhat ) 16 pRSThAtmaka tathA 102 pATha-bhedoM ke sahita kA saMzodhana, 32 pRSThAtmaka kI do pravRttiyA~, (saM. 2012, 2017 tathA 2023) 6- yazovijaya smRtigrantha (saM0 2013) 10- aindrastuti saTIka ( saM. 2018 ) 11- yazodohana (saM0 2022) (4) saMyojita aura sampAdita kRtiyA~ 1- yakSa-yakSiNI citrAvalI (24 yakSa aura 24 yakSiNiyoM ke jayapurI zailI meM citrita ekaraMgI citra) (saM0 2018) 2-saMvaccha pratikramaNanI sarala vidhi, aneka citrasahita (Asana aura mudrAoM se sambandhita 32 citroM ke sAtha) (saM0 2028) tathA 40 citroM ke sAtha (saM0 2029) ' 3- pratikramaNa citrAvalI) kevala citra tathA unake paricaya sahita saM0 2028) (5) saMzodhita kRtiyA~ 1-jagaduddhAraka bhagavAn mahAvIra' 2-navatattva dIpikA 3- namaskAra mantrasiddhi 4-bhaktAbhara- rahasya 5 - RSimaNDala zrArAdhanA (6) prerita kRtiyA~ 1- SaTtriMzikA catuSkaprakaraNa 2-navatattva-prakaraNam sumaGgalATIkAsahitam 3- dharmabodha granthamAlA 4 - jaina saMskRta sAhityano itihAsa, bhAga 1-2-3 5-yazodohana 1- bRhatsaMgrahaNI bhASAntara 2-bhuvana vihAra-darpaNa 3- jagaduddhAraka bhagavAn mahAvIra (7) nimnalikhita kRtiyoM kI prastAvanAeM 2. isakI dvitIya pravRtti saM. 1681 meM prakAzita karavAI gaI thii| 2. isa kRti kA hindI anuvAda bhI taiyAra hai jo zIghra hI prakAzita hogA / (saM0 2020) (saM0 2022) (saM0 2023) (saM. 2027) (saM. 2028) (saM. 1960) (saM. 1990) (saM. 2008) (saM0 2013, 2025 tathA 2026) (saM. 2022) (saM. 16CC) (saM. 2017)

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[ 183 4-namaskAra-mantra siddhi 5-jaina saMskRtasAhityano itihAsa bhAga 1-2-3 6-yazodohana (saM. 2022) 7-uvasaggaharaM stotra yAne jainamantravAdanI jayagAthA (saM. 2025) 8-RSimaNDala ArAdhanA 9-samAdhimaraNanI cAbI (saM. 2024) 10-saMgIta, nRtya ane nATya sambandhI jaina ullekho ane grantho (saM. 2026) 11-RSimaNDalastotra (saM. 2012) 12-aindrastuti (saM. 2010) 13-vairAgyaratiH' (saM. 2025) inake atirikta munijI ne 'khemo dedarANI, saMgItasudhA, jaina tapAvali aura tapovidhi, jainadarzana saMgraha sthAnaparicaya, yakSayakSiNIcitrAvalI, amRtadhArA, navatattva-dIpikA, amara upAdhyAya jI, pragaTayo premaprakAza ityAdi laghu pustakoM para choTe tathA AvazyakatAnusAra prAkkathana athavA prastAvanAe~ bhI likhI haiN| (8) aprakAzita kRtiyAM 1-pANinIya 'dhAtukoSa' (sampUrNa rUpa tathA Avazyaka TippaNIsahita) 2-pANinIya 'uNAdikoSa' (dhAtu, gaNa, sUtra, pratyaya, vyutpatti, liGga aura phalita zabda unake hindI aMgrejI evaM gujarAtI paryAya sahita) 3-siddhacakrabRhadyantroddhArapUjanavidhi (vividha citrasahita) 4-RSimaNDalayantra pUjanavidhi (vividha citrasahita) 5-hAribhadrIya katipaya vizikAoM kA bhASAntara / 6-RSimaNDala stotra (mUla, artha tathA Avazyaka citroM ke sAtha) 7-aDhAra abhiSeka vidhi (E) vicArAdhIna kRtiyAM 1-pAribhASika zabda-jJAna koza, jainadharma se sambandhita nimnalikhita koza citra sahita 1-Agamazabdakoza (paMcAMgI) -AcArazabdakoza 3-pratikramaNasUtra zabdakoza 4-dravyAnuyogazabdakoza 5-bhUgola, khagola, aitihAsika jaina rAjA, mantrI Adi se sambaddha paricaya koza 6-kathAkoza (vyakti ke nAma tathA usakI atisaMkSipta prAmANika kathA) 1. isameM upAdhyAyajI kI svahastalikhita tathA anya pratiyoM ke Adya evaM antima patroM kI 50 prati kRtiyoM ke mAlambana kI saM. 2017 meM prakAzita prastAvanA ko sthAna diyA gayA hai;

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184 ] 7-vidhi anuSThAna-koza isa prakAra vividha paddhati ke sAta bhAgoM meM koza taiyAra karAne kI yojanA vicAdhIna hai| 2-bhArata kI aneka bhASA tathA videza kI mukhya bhASAoM meM jainadharma ke mukhya-mukhya viSayoM se sambaddha 50 se 100 pRSThoM ke bIca AkAravAlI pRthak-pRthak pustakeM taiyAra karAnA aadi| presa kApiyA~ nyAyAcArya zrIyazovijayajI gaNI viracita nimnalikhita kRtiyoM kI presa kApiyAM taiyAra karavAI haiM*1-AtmakhyAti . (mAdhyama navyanyAya-dArzanika kRti) *2-prameyamAlA -3-viSayatAvAda * 4-vItarAgastotra (aSTama prakAza)-bRhad vRtti * 5- " ( , )-madhyama vRtti 6- , ( , )-jaghanya vRtti * 7-vAdamAlA' (navyanyAya-dArzanika) .8-vAdamAlA ( .." ) 6-cakSuraprApyakAritAvAda (padyamaya) *10-nyAyasiddhAntamaJjarI (zabdakhaNDa TIkA) 11-tiGanvayokti (vyAkaraNa) *12-kAvya prakAza (dvitIya tathA tRtIya ullAsa) 13-siddhasahasranAmakoza (paryAyavAcaka nAma) 14-ArSabhIyacaritra (mahAkAvya) 15-vijayollAsa kAvya 16-kUpadRSTAntavizadIkaraNa (dharmazAstra) 17-yatidinacaryA (prAcArazAstra) 18-2vijayaprabhasarikSAmaNakapatra (patrakAvya) .16-stotrAvalI (hindI anuvAdasahita) 20-eka sau ATha bodha saMgraha EE: : 1. * isa cihna vAlI kRtiyA~ saMzodhanapUrvaka mudrita ho cukI haiM / 2. yaha kAvya hindI anuvAda sahita 'stotravilI' grantha meM bhI prakAzita hai| 3. isa grantha kA gujarAtI bhASAntara ke sAtha prakAzana bhI zIghra hI karane kI sambhAvanA hai tathA hindI anuvAda, evaM vistRta bhUmikA-sahita prakAzita ho cukI haiN|

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21- tera kAThiyA nibandha 22- kAya sthiti stavana DhAliyAvAluM 23 - vicAra bindu (dharmaparIkSA kA vArtika) 24-Adi ane antabhAga (upAdhyAya jI ke samasta granthoM kA anuvAda sahita ) [ 185 isake atirikta nyAyAcArya ke jovana- kavana ke sambandha meM tathA anya aneka kRtiyoM ke anuvAda aura unake bAlAvabodha-TabbAnoM ke prakAzana kI yojanA bhI prastuta munirAja ne banAI hai| Apake prakA zita evaM aprakAzita lekhoM kI sUcI bhI paryApta vistRta hai / kalAmaya kAryoM kI sUcI ( pUjya muni zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja kalA ke kSetra meM bhI naisargika abhiruci rakhate haiM tathA usake bAre meM gambhIra lAkSaNika sUjha rakhate haiM phalataH ve kalA ke kSetra meM bhI kucha na kucha abhinava-sarjana karate hI rahate haiM / aise sarjana kI saMkSipta jAnakArI bhI yahAM pAThakoM ke paricayArtha dI jA rahI hai / ) (sampAdaka) 1- mahArAja zrI ke svahasta se nirmita bRhatsaMgrahaNI grantha ( saMgrahaNIratna) ke prAya: 40 citra / jo ki eka kalara se lekara cAra kalara taka ke haiN| ye chape hue tathA 'bRhatsaMgrahaNI citrAvalI' kI pustikA rUpa meM prakAzita haiM / (saM. 1968) 2-sunahare akSaroM meM likhavAyA huA bArasA - kalpasUtra / vividha paddhati se likhe hue patra, vividha prakAra kI sarvazreSTha bArDara, citra aura anya aneka vividhatAoM se yukta hai / (saM. 2023) I 3- ropyAkSarI pratiyA~ - rupahale akSaroM meM likhAI huI bhavya pratiyA~ | 4- bArasAsUtra (bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke jIvana se sambaddha) ke jayapurI kalama meM, pothI ke AkAra meM patroM para munijI ne apanI kalpanA ke anusAra, viziSTa prakAra kI hetulakSI, bauddhika baoNrDaroM se taiyAra karavAe gae atyanta AkarSaka, bhavya tathA manorama citra / 5- bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke jIvana se sambaddha 34 tathA eka zrI gautama svAmI jI kA isa prakAra kula 35 citroM kA prapUrva tathA bejor3a citra-sampuTa | jisameM cAra raMga ke, prAyaH '6 x 12' iMca kI sAija meM chape hue citra haiN| inameM vividha hetulakSI, pratyanta upayogI, bauddhika 40 bArDara, jaina tathA bhAratIya saMskRti ke jaina kuMkumapatrikA tathA meM prayoga kiye jA sakeM zraura nayA-nayA jJAna mile aise - upayogI 121 pratIka haiN| ina 35 citroM kA paricaya hindI, gujarAtI tathA iMgliza tInoM bhASAtroM meM diyA gayA hai / tathA inake sAtha hI 12 pariziSTa bhI jor3e gae haiM, jinameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana kA saMkSepa meM vizAla paricaya diyA gayA hai| sabhI rekhApaTTiyoM (baoNrDara) aura pratIkoM kA paricaya 28 pRSThoM varita hai| ina citroM kI bAiDiMga kI huI pustaka jisa prakAra taiyAra kI gaI hai vaisA hI khule 35 citroM kA pekeTa bhI taiyAra huA hai /

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186 ] 6-vividha raMgoM vAlI DAka-TikiToM se hI taiyAra kie hue bhagavAn zrIpArzvanAtha tathA zrIhemacandrAcArya jI ke citr| 7-bharata kAma (gUMthana) meM saparikara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aadi| . 8-raMgIna kA~ca para sone ke patare dvArA taiyAra kiyA gayA vividha prAkRtiyoM kA viziSTa saMgraha / ha-jambUdvIpa tathA ar3hIdvIpa ke skela ke anusAra DresiMga klAtha para taiyAra kie gae 5 phuTa ke nakze (saM. 2003) 10 mirara (billorI) kAca-glAsavarka meM taiyAra karAe hue citra / 11-jaina sAdhu prAtaHkAla se rAtri zayana taka kyA kyA pravRtti karate haiM ? isase sambaddha dinacaryA ke taiyAra kie jA rahe raMgIna 35 citr| 12-pratikramaNa aura jina-mandira meM honevAle vidhi-anuSThAna Adi upayogI, Asana-mudrAoM se sambandhita pahalI bAra hI taiyAra kiyA gayA 42 citroM kA saMgraha / (yaha pradarzana aura pracAra ke lie bhI upayogI hai|) ___ 13-'pepara kaTiMga kalA' paddhati meM pUrNaprAya 'bhagavAn zrImahAvIra' ke 30 jIvana prasaMgoM kA kalAsampuTa / (yaha sampuTa bhI bhaviSya meM mudrita hogaa|) 14-inake atirikta mukhyarUpa se bhagavAn zrI AdinAtha, zrI zAntinAtha, zrIneminAtha aura zrI pArzvanAtha ina cAra tIrthaGkaroM ke (aura sAtha hI sAtha avaziSTa sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke jIvana-prasaGgoM ke) nae citra citrita karane kA kArya (dvitIya citrasampuTa kI taiyArI ke lie) tIna varSa se cala rahA hai| lagabhaga 30 se 40 citroM meM yaha kArya pUrNa hogA / bhagavAn zrIpArzvanAtha kA jIvana to citrita ho cukA hai tathA bhagavAn zrI AdinAtha jI kA jIvana-citraNa cala rahA hai| yaha dUsarA citra-sampuTa mudraNa-kalA kI viziSTa-paddhati se taiyAra kiyA jaaegaa| -bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke citrasampuTa meM kucha prasaMga zeSa haiM ve bhI taiyAra kie jAeMge athavA to pUrA mahAvIra-jIvana citrita karavAyA jaaegaa| 15-hAthI dAMta, candana, sukhar3a, sIpa, kASTha Adi ke mAdhyamoM para jinamUrtiyAM, gurumUrtiyA~, yakSa-yakSiNI, deva-deviyoM ke kamala, bAdAma DibbiyA~, kAjU, ilAyacI, muMgaphalI, muMgaphalI ke dAne, ___ khAreka-chuhArA, cAvala ke dAne tathA anya khAdya padArthoM ke prAkAroM meM tathA anya aneka prAkAroM kI vastuoM meM pArzvanAtha jI, padmAvatI Adi deva-deviyoM kI pratikRtiyA~ banAI gaI haiN| tathA munijI ne kalA ko protsAhana dene aura jana-samAja kalA ke prati anurAgI bane isa dRSTi se aneka jainoM ke ghara aisI vastue~ pahu~cAI bhI haiN| isake lie bambaI ke kalAkAroM ko bhI Apane taiyAra kiyA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa aneka sAdhu, sAdhvIjI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoM ko manorama bAdAma, kamala Adi vastue~ sulabhatA se prApta ho sakatI haiM / muni jI ke pAsa inakA acchA saMgraha hai| --bAlakoM ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sacitra pustaka taiyAra ho rahI hai| zilpa-sAhitya 16-zilpa-sthApatya meM gaharI prIti aura sUjha hone ke kAraNa apanI svatantra kalpanA dvArA zAstrI

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[ 187 yatA ko pUrNarUpeNa surakSita rakhate hue, vividha prakAra ke aneka mUrtizilpa munijI ne taiyAra karavAe haiM, inameM kucha to aise haiM ki jo jaina mUrtizilpa ke itihAsa meM pahalI bAra hI taiyAra hue haiM / ina zilpoM meM jinamUrtiyA~, gurumUrtiyA~, yakSiNI tathA samosaraNarUpa siddhacakra Adi haiN| Aja bhI isa dizA meM kArya cala rahA hai tathA aura bhI anUThe prakAra ke zilpa taiyAra hoMge, aisI sambhAvanA hai| ___ munijI ke zilpoM ko AdhAra mAnakara anya mUrti-zilpa gujarAta, rAjasthAna, mahArASTra aura madhyapradeza ke jainamandiroM ke lie vahA~ ke jainasaMghoM ne taiyAra karavAe haiN| pUjya munijo dvArA vigata 16 varSoM se prArambha kI gaI aneka abhinava pravRttiyoM, paddhatiyoM aura praNAliyoM kA anukaraNa aneka sthAnoM para apanAyA gayA hai jo ki munijI kI samAjopayogI dRSTi ke prati AbhArI hai| pracAra ke kSetra meM jaina bhakti-sAhitya ke pracAra kI dizA meM 'jaina saMskRti kalA kendra' saMsthA ne pU0 muni zrI kI preraNA se navakAra-mantra tathA cAra zaraNa kI prArthanA, stavana, sajjhAya, pada Adi kI chaha rekarDa taiyAra karavAI haiM / aba bhagavAn zrImahAvIra ke bhaktigItoM se sambandhita ela. pI. rekarDa taiyAra ho rahI hai aura bhagavAn zrI mahAvIra ke 35 citroM kI slAiDa bhI taiyAra ho rahI hai| bhagavAn zrImahAvIra deva kI 2500voM nirvANa zatAbdI ke nimitta se jainoM ke gharoM meM jainatva TikA rahe, etadartha preraNAtmaka, gRhopayogI, dhArmika tathA darzanIya sAmagrI taiyAra ho, aisI aneka vyaktiyoM ko taiyAra icchA hone se isa dizA meM bhI ve prayatnazIla haiN| dhArmika yantra-sAmagrI ___ munijI ne zreSTha aura sudRDha paddhati pUrvaka uttama prakAra ke saMzodhita siddhacakra tathA RSimaNDalayantroM kI triraMgI, ekaraMgI mudrita pratiyA~ lenevAloM kI zakti aura suvidhA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara vividha prAkAroM meM vividha rUpa meM taiyAra karavAI haiM tathA jainasaMgha ko ArAdhanA kI sundara aura mano'nukUla kRtiyA~ dI haiM / ye yantra kAgaja para, vastra para, tAmra, elyumIniyama, suvarNa tathA cA~dI Adi dhAtuoM para monAkArI se taiyAra karavAe haiN| ye donoM yantra prAyaH tIsa hajAra kI saMkhyA meM taiyAra hue haiN| - pUjya munijI ke pAsa anya arvAcIna kalA-saMgraha ke sAtha ho viziSTa prakAra kA prAcIna saMgraha bhI hai| isa saMgraha ko darzakagaNa dekhakara preraNA prApta kareM aise eka saMgrahAlaya (myUjiyama) kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| jainasaMgha isa dizA meM gambhIratApUrvaka sakriyatA se vicAra kare yaha atyAvazyaka ho gayA hai / dAnavIra, TrasTa Adi isa dizA meM Age Ae~, yahI kAmanA hai| prakAzana samiti

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