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II, 128.
STUDENTSHIP.
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and the vowel 'a' must be added at the end of the name (of the person addressed), the syllable preceding it being drawn out to the length of three moras.
126. A Brahmana who does not know the form of returning a salutation, must not be saluted by a learned man; as a Sadra, even so is he.
127. Let him ask a Brahmana, on meeting him, after (his health, with the word) kusala, a Kshatriya (with the word) anâmaya, a Vaisya (with the word) kshema, and a Sudra (with the word) anârogya.
128. He who has been initiated to perform a Srauta sacrifice) must not be addressed by his name, even though he be a younger man; he who knows
Nand. gives, and Når. mentions as adopted by some.' It follows the interpretation of these two commentators which agrees in substance with the rule of Vasishtha. The meaning is that Devadatta is to be pronounced 'Devadattaza,' Harabhûte, Harabhůtazya,' &c.
Medh. and Kull. take the passage as follows : 'and the vowel (i.e.)"a" (and so forth) at the end of the name, (or in case the word ends in a consonant) that of the preceding syllable, must be drawn out the length of the three moras.' According to this interpretation, which requires the reading pūrvâksharah plutah,' Manu's rule agrees with Âp. and Pânini VIII, 2, 83. The obvious objection is that Medh. and Kull. are forced to take akâra, 'the vowel a,' in the sense of a vowel such as a,' and to understand with purvaksharah the word svarah, which does not occur in the verse. Gov. and Ragh. go far off the mark. Most commentators think that the word viprah,' a Brahmana,' is meant to include other Aryans also; but see Âp. I, 14, 23.
126. It follows from this verse that Sudras must never be greeted in the manner prescribed in the preceding rule.
127. Ap. I, 24, 26–29. The rule refers to friends or relatives meeting, not to every one who returns a salute (Gov.).
128. Gaut. VI, 19. The rule refers to the time between the performance of the Dikshanîyeshti or initiatory ceremony and the final bath on completion of the sacrifice (Medh., Kull.). Besides bhoh and bhavat, the titles dikshita or yagamâna are to be used.
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