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404
LAWS OF MANU.
X, 9.
9. From a Kshatriya and the daughter of a Sûdra springs a being, called Ugra, resembling both a Kshatriya and a Sudra, ferocious in his manners, and delighting in cruelty.
10. Children of a Brahmana by (women of) the three (lower) castes, of a Kshatriya by (wives of) the two (lower) castes, and of a Vaisya by (a wife of) the one caste (below him) are all six called base-born (apasada).
11. From a Kshatriya by the daughter of a Brâhmana is born (a son called) according to his caste (gâti) a Sûta; from a Vaisya by females of the royal and the Brâhmana (castes) spring a Màgadha and a Vaideha.
12. From a Sudra are born an Ayogava, a Kshattri, and a Kândâla, the lowest of men, by Vaisya, Kshatriya, and Brâhmana females, (sons who owe their origin to) a confusion of the castes.
13. As an Ambashtha and an Ugra, (begotten) in the direct order on (women) one degree lower (than their husbands) are declared (to be), even so are a Kshattri and a Vaidehaka, though they were born in the inverse order of the castes (from mothers one degree higher than the fathers).
14. Those sons of the twice-born, begotten on wives of the next lower castes, who have been enumerated in due order, they call by the name
12. Nâr. and K. read Ayogava. Medh. and Nand. read Kandâla, instead of Kândâla (Gov., Kull.).
13. The meaning is that the Kshattri and the Vaidehaka, though Pratilomas, hold the same position with respect to sacred rites, but not with respect to studying and so forth, and are as fit to be touched as the two Anulomas (Medh.). Gov. and Kull. mention the second point of equality only.
14. The meaning is that they are reckoned as belonging to the
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