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phonetic similarity, and thereby was brought out the name Madana b h ra m a. The term brahma' [] is pronounced by illiterate persons as bhrama [9] and in that way also the name 'Madana bhram a' can be derived from the name 'Madana brahman'. In short, the king's real name was Madanavar man and the rest two forms are derived from the same through scribal and phonetic peculiarities.
[2] The capital of this king is Kanti in Bengal according to LPS, Kānti, the best of all cities, according to PPS, and M a hoba k a pura in the east according to PK.
(3] LPS and PPS give an account of the king's luxuriant private life and the prosperity of his city, agreeing in the mention of the names of the four chief queens, of the four main gavāksas, the total number of gavāksas and the names of the four principal vāpās, but differing in other details. All these details are altogether absent in the version of PR, which too, however, depicts the same in its own way. This depiction of PK is well-arranged and polished as compared to the other two versions.
[ 4 ] According to all the three versions Ja ya simha camps near this city while returning from his conquest-march. They differ, however, regarding the factor that led him there. Thus LPS states it to be his enragement due to a bard's not agreeing to eulogize any one else than his own king Ma dan a bhrama: in PK a bard compares his majestic court to that of M a da na varman, he sends a minister to verify the bard's statement and on receiving his report he marches to Mahobak a; while according to PPS feeling that he could not get a match in any battle and remembering a couplet praising Kānti as the best of cities, he encamps in its outskirts and on beholding the Kapiśirşas of the city-wall and the dandakalaśas of the mansions all golden he feels that he was mistaken in going there. The second account of PPS appearing in its Dhārā-dhvansa-prabandha mentions a special motive for this viz. to procure the elephant Yasah patala from Madan abrah man for breaking open the gates of Dhārā.
(5) In PPS there is no difficulty in informing the king of the arrival of the alien force, which the minister does through a written report. In PK the ministers personally approach him for the purpose. In the LPS account, however, Vilbū Vām ani, the favourite of Mada na bhrama, had to play a trick in order to take him to the palace-terrace wherefrom he could see the alien encampment. Here the king's believing it to be the camp of a wandering trader rather than that of an enemy appears natural under the circumstances. This, again, gives a nice opportunity to the intelligent maid to address her master in luxuriant terms and at the same time to draw a
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