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No. 24) "WO GRANTS FROM GALAVALLI
189 rants of this family in respecto the use of the titles Mahäräja and Mahäräjādhiraja with the name of the issuer and that of bis father, the above suggestion regarding the relation of Manujēndra with his father seems to be suported by other considerations. In the first place, the date of the record under study, viz. the Ganga year 393, suggests the identification of king Dēvēndravarman of our record with the king of the same name who issued the Chidivalasa plates in the Ganga year 397 (893-95 A.D.), since it is not possible to argue that the latter was a son and grandson respectively of Manujēndra and Dēvēndravarman of the epigraph under study. Secondly, as will be shown below, the endorsement to the main document would suggest that it was a king named. Dāvēndravarman who was responsible for the grants recorded in both of them. It is therefore possible to think that Manujëndra made the grant under orders of his father, although some words to this effect are lost in the document.
The object of the record (lines 14 ff.) was the grant of three villages, viz. Numkapātakagrāms and Badavadā-grāma, both situated in the Galēla-vishaya, and Chintachēdugrāma in Homva-vishaya. The grant was made in favour of Kaunduka-Gundēsvara, probably a deity called Gundesvara worshipped at a locality called Kunduka or Kõnduka, The gift was received on behalf of the deity by Sāmavēda-bhagavanta who was the son of Brahmätma-bhagavanta of Vallakõnda (or, Challukonda) and probably the priest in charge of the temple of Gundēgvara. The boundaries of the gift villages were indicated by a causeway (sētu) and certain trikūtas' which are stated to have been wellknown to the people of the district (line 18). Some of the usual imprecatory and benedictory stanzas are quoted in lines 19-26. The date of the charter, viz, year 393 of the increasingly victorious sovereignty of the Gangēya dynasty, is quoted in words in lines 26-27. The document is stated to have been written by Chidapa who was the son of Kayastha Khandyama called a Rahasya. The expression rahasya indicates the official designation of a Privy Councillor also called Rahasi niyukta, Rahasika or Rahasyādhikrita in inscriptions."
As indicated above, the endorsement engraved on the first side of the first plate consists of two stanzas. The first of these, which bas been repeated, says that the illustrious Dēvēndravarman, lord of Kalinga, received blessings from the god Siva and that he granted two localities called Yēgū or Eyu and Mahanta, collectively known as Ginți and situated in Köndagudi, in favour of Yögåtman. The second stanza shows that the village of Ginti W88 really granted in favour of Gundisvara, no doubt the same as the deity called Gundēsvara in the original document, and it further states that the grant was made by king Dēvēndravarman 'afterwards in his presence' (paśckāt tasya samipatah). The implication is that king Dēvēndravarman ratified the grant in the presence of the deity Gundiśvara at a later date. Yögātman seems to have been & successor of gamavēda-bhagavanta in the office of the priest of the Gundisvara or Gundēsvara temple. The formation of his name reminds us that of the name of Brahmātma-bhagavanta, father of Sāmavēda-bhagavanta. There is no doubt that the endorsement was engraved at a later dato. But whether it was a forgery or a genuine addition to the original record, approved by royal authority, is difficult to determine. Since, however, the palaeography of the endorsement seems to suggest a later date than that of the original grant, the first alternative looks more probable.
The gift villages inentioned in the original document and the endorsement are difficult to identify. We are not sure if the name of the Galēla vishaya is preserved in that of modern Galavalli where the plates were discovered.
1 Above, Vol. XXX, pp 25-26. *JAHRS, Vol. II, pp. 146 ff. and Plates ; Journ. As. Soc., Letters, Vol. XVIII, pp. 77 ff. and Plates.
The word frikifa appears to mean the junction of three villages. (Journ. As. Soc., Letters, Vol. XVIII, p. 79, note).
Cf. above, Vol. XXVIII, p. 17 note ; Vol. XXX, p. 275. Khandyama is aleo known from the Chicacole *(Srikakulam) plates (Ganga year 351) of Satyavarman, which mention Tare-grāma in Galēla (Galēlai)- vishaya.
