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42
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[FEBRUARY, 1873.
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Hindi rejects these short vowels, and Bidyapati seems to follow this rule, changing riti into rit, and váyu into bay or báo, Nouns ending in long i and a frequently follow the Bengali mode, and shorten those vowels : so we see dhani for dhani, badhu and bahu for vadha.
The pronoun, especially in the 1st and 2nd persons, is singularly Hindi in its general type, leaning towards the Bhojpuri dialect.
The 1st person has lost its real singular, which would probably have been either haun or mu, and instead thereof the plural hom is always found. This is the case in Bhojpûri, and is introductory to the universal employment in Bengali of ami for 'I,' thongh this is really a plural, the genuine singular mui being now considered vulgar and banished from polite speech. Thus we have
Näri janame ham nå karinu bhậgi"Born a woman, I have not been fortunate." Já ti goyâlini ham matihin“I am by caste a cowherdess, without wisdom.” Aju bujhaba ham tayê chaturarTo-day I shall understand thy craftiness."
of the oblique case in its most usual crude form, there are several variations :
Ki kahasi mohe nidân“What dost thou say to me after all ?” Mo bine swapane nâ herabi ân"Even in sleep thou shalt see no other but me."
at me." Ingite bedan nå janâyabi moy" (Even) by a sign thou shalt not show to me
thy pain." We even get a form closely approaching modern Berryali in
Bihi more dâruņa bhel“Fate has been harsh to me."
Here the text has probably been modernized ; the poet perhaps wrote mohe. The genitive exhibits the Bengali form.
Ki lagi badanas jhâpasi sandari, Harala chetana mor“ Wherefore dost cover thy face, O fair one ? It has snatched away my senses."
Kata rupe minati karala pahan mor " In how many ways did he intreat me !" (Literally "make supplication of me:" minati
vinati). Sugandhi chandana ange lepala mon “ He rubbed fragrant sandal on my body."
In order to avoid lengthening this paper too much, I will for the rest merely give the words which I have found, omitting quotations :
1st Person. Sing. Nom, há m. | Plural. 14 m. 7 Obl. mo.
[hame.] moy.
[hamahin.] mohe. more.nl mujh.
h & mar. Gen. mor.
hamari. The oblique form ased as in the noun for all cases, with or without postpositions.
2nd Person. Sing. Nom, tahun. Plural. tum, tumhi.
tunhi. Obl. to, tore.
tamahia. tohe. tuya. toy.
tujh. Gen. tor.
tuhunka.
3rd Person. Sing. Nom. so, se. Plural. (tini.]. obl. ta, tay:
t&he. Gen. tậkar. tâ hari.
tur. Leaving the subsidiary pronominal forms, which exhibit no striking peculiarities, I proceed to the verb, all the tenses of which have not yet been found, though the principal parts can either be pointed to in various passages, or inferred by analogy. The latter are inclosed in brackets.
Root Dharan-holding.'.
Present Tense. 1. [dharu), I hold. 2. dharasi, thou holdest. 3. dharaï,
dhare, She holds. dharaye,
dhara, All four forms of the 3rd person are found, and sometimes even a sort of double form in eye, as mágeye.
Past Tense. 1. dharinu,
dharalu, 2. dharali, thou heldest. 3. dharala, he held.
Future Tense. 1. dharaba, I shall hold. 2. dharabi, thou shalt hold. 8. dharaba, he shall hold.
Imperative. 2. dh&ra,
dharaha, bold thou.
dharahu, 3. dharak, let him hold.
I held.
