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ŚRAVANA BELCOLA.
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settle or to remain there. In the north-eastern Taprobane. This king of the Hindus had Dakhani highland the Jainas constitute no his seat in the Chatagia mountains. The small a portion of the population that they are not Hindus worshipped Apollon, Here, and Artemis worth mentioning. Their chief seats are partly as gods, and sacrificed annually to the first in the southern half of the Dakhani highland, deity horses, to the second cows, and to the partly in Tuluva or South Kanara, on the Malabar third new-born boys. coast.* Their chief seats in this portion of In order to understand this report, it is first Southern India are as follows:-Maleyur, to be noticed that after the occupation and Balagoda or Belligola, and Madu appalling devastation of the capital, Dehli, giri, whero also are a few famed temples of in A.D. 1398, Taimur caused himself to be the Jainas. Of these holy places Belligola proclaimed Emperor of India, and on his deor Bala goda appears to be the principal parture from India left the former emperor, one, because we possess a special list of the Mahmûd Toghluk, a fugitive.ll It is an teachers there. I
error that he subjugated the whole of India and As the reports of Byzantine authors about Taprobane. How the name of the Hindu India are too insignificant to be treated in king Tza chatais is to be explained defies detail, I prefer to utilize their communications me; and further, there is no region in India the of this kind, whenever they are worth discuss- name of which bears any resemblance to Chaing, for the history of Indian commerce, or to tagia. In the asvamedha, the equine sacrifice, put them on suitable occasions before my readers two horses are offered, not to Apollon or Surya and to explain them. The only information to be however, but to one of the two great popular considered in this place occurs in the history of gods. It may properly be questioned whether Laonikos Chalkondylas, and refers to at that time the Hindus sacrificed cows, which a period immediately after the time of Taimur S. they deemed sacred, to the honour of Here, The material contents of this passage are, that although bloody offerings were made to Durgii, this bellicose monarch had been attacked by who alone can be meant here. T The report nine kings, among which was also an Indian that young boys were sacrificed to the moon. king named Turtúns; but ho marched over goddess is just as incredible; the only true fact the Araxes or Oxus, victoriously repelled is that to Káli or to Chá munda small inoffensive these attacks, and subjugated, besides other animals were offered, ** and therefore the Byzancountries, also the whole of India as far as Itine historian called his Hindu goddess Artemis.
JAIN INSCRIPTIONS AT ŚRAVANA BELGOLA.
BY LEWIS RICE, BANGALOR. At the Jain village of Śravana Belgola,tt the loftier Chandra Bitta on which stands on a smaller hill named Indra Bitta, facing the colossal image of Gomatośvara , are a
• This results first from Francis Buchanan, A Journey from Ferro, and is situated 30 English miles west of from Madras, &c. I. p. 113, p. 240, p. 333, and p. 421 ; II. Mudgal.- [Sce Ind. Ant. II. 120.-ED] p. 74 seqq. and p. 80; III. p. 19 se 17., p. 80, p. 89, p. 109,
1 As. Res. IX. p. 201 ser! p. 27. p. 491, p. 93, p. 120, p. 131 bis, p. 134, p. 391, and $ III. p. 103 of the Bonin edition. The passage bere p. 401 ; further from a dissertation by the same author in As. alluded to relates to the beginning of the year 1405. The Res. IX. p. 279 se79. bearing the title : Particulars of the other statements of Laouikus Chalkondylas Jainas, extract from a Journal by Dr. Francis Buchanan. about India either contain matters already familiar, or are Accurate information about the Jainas of those parts is exaggerated and incorrect. It is well kuuwn that the contained in the following tract Account of the Jains, Hindus are divided iuto castes, and that there plants grow collected from a Priest of this Sect, at Madgiri, translat- to an unusual size, which however this wuthor greatly ed by Cavelly Boria, Brahman, for Major Mackenzie, ibid. exaggerates. The magnitude of the Bamboo-reeds, from IX. p. 244 seqq. The latter wrote also Extracts from a which the Hindus innufacture river-boats, was reported Journal of Major C. Mackenzie, ibid. IX. p. 272 seja. upon according to above, II. 1. 623, by Herodotas, already.
+ J. A. Dubois, Mours, Institutions, et Cérdmonies Besides the known rivers Ganges, Inilos, Hydrapes (sie), des Peuples de l'Inde, II. p. 509. The author gives on Hydraotes, and Ilyphusix, he mentions also the Angathines, p. 499 segg.. an interesting report about the doctrines and which may perhaps bears corruption of the name manner of living of the adherents of this sect in those parta.. Akesines.
ll Ferishtu by Briggs, I. p. 172 ser. Marejuris a village situated in Southern Maimur:
See Ind. 410. IV. p. 631. Mudu ghorri or Mudgert may be the same with
#. See Ind. Alt. IV. p. 07. Muddukhrat, which town, according to Edward + This spelling is unlopted on the nuthority of an inscripThornton's Gazetteer, &c. I. voc., is situated in the Madras tion at the place. The name according to this version is Presidency 17° 54 N. Lat. and 91° 42 E. Long. from Ferro. derived from Old Kan. bel, wliite, and kollu, softened in Balagoda, which is also spelt Balikota, is, according combination to go!!, pond or tank. There is a very large to the same work, in 16° 10 N. Lat. and 930 36' E. Long and fine tank between the two bills.
