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146
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[MAY, 1873.
quotations. The following words, namely:anapht-avaon. (kokera-- yokepws, Apoklimadroxy, ara-'Apns, asphujit--'Appodern, ittham (itthasi Dr. Bhau Daji, ithusi Muir)-ixus, kendra -Kevtpov, kemadruma-xpnuario uos, t kona-Kpovos Frikona- payvos, kaurpya-okoprios, kriya-kpios, jánitra-Superpov, jituma-818uuos, jika-Svyov, jyau-Zeus, taivuri-Taupos, taukskika--Toorns, drikana drekana---dektyos, durudhari-Sopuopua, duschikyat-rutkov, dy Anam dyutam---8vrov, panaphari
'etapopa, pithena---apdevos, mesranta-uerovpimur, liptii-entn, rilpha rishphii-putn, leyaleur, vesi-Duos, Sunophii-cunun harija
opucav, hibuka-'Uroyeloy, kimna perhaps himra?) 'Epuns, heli-'Htos, kridroga-vôpoxoos, hori-'apa. Lastly, it must at any rate be observed that, induced by homophony, the Hindus transferred to their Krishna many legends &c. about Xplotos which reached them, or which they had themselves become acquainted with in the West.
From what has preceded, with reference to the second group of Greek words which can be pointed out in Hindu literature, the following conclusions as to phonetic relations may be drawn :-a appears as a or å in Alasandil, Basili (?), Amita ), anaphu, â poklina, ara, asphujit, hemadruma,t jâmitra.drikina, panaphard, pathena, mesirana, sunaphul, hora, kasira, kastari, khalina, thateri), dinara, dramma, Manittha (P),-as e in vesi, -as i in Milinda ;
as a in Alasandd,--as e in dhokera, kendra, drekana, pdthena, mesúrana, leya. Megha (?), meli, -as i in jimitra, tiptd, Himna, Milinda, -as ri in dộikana,-and is dropped in panaphara;
Iasi in dpoklima, úsphujit, ittham, trikona, kriya, jituma, rispha, vesi, harija, Besili (?), khali. na, kastira, -as u in kemadruna, surungi.
o as o in &kokera, dpoklima, kona, hridroga, -as u in dsphujit, durudhara, hibuka, Hind. mulea,as au in kaurpya, taukslika, -as a in durudhard, panaphara, harija ;
v as i in hibuka, Amita ),-as ri in kridroga, -as u in jituma, durudhard, duschikya, sunapha, suruñgá, -as ú in jaka, -as yu in dyuna, dyuta ;
nas e in kramelaka, kemadruna, heli, -as i in dindra ;
w as o in trikona, hord, Romaka, lopala, -as u in kastüri ;
ai as d in Akokera, -as e in kherdn (?), kasoru
mant (P for kesar-), -ano as aya in Asura Maya (and Turaniaya); av na dou in tavuri,--as au in Paulisa, ev as an in jyau, Jalaukas(); ou as u in mesurana.
With reference to the consonants, it is to be observed first, as to the dentals, that 8 before or rather with i appears as j, thus dsphujit, jimitra, jituma, whilst in dyúna, dyuta, a y is inserted between 8 and v;- is represented by j in harija,júka, by jy in jyau ;-o appears as 8 in Basili (?), Kaserulmant (?), surungá, mesirani, sunaphui, as & in vesi, Pauliša, as j in Jalaukas (?).-Of the aspirates
appears as thin pathena,-x as tth in ittha - as pk in anapha, panaplard, synaphd, as hph or shph | in rihpha, rishpha, as sph in dsphujit, as dh in duradhard, as v in vesi, -x as ke in lemadruma (?), as kh in kherin (?) khalina, as éch in duschikya, as g in hridroga.
of the liquids, I stands for in Milindo, for 1 in Asura Maya (?).-Hardening occurs in ulkokera, trikona, jituma, júka; on the other hand softening occurs in kendra, kemadruma (), du
chikya, hibuka, hridroga. The assimilation to like or homophonous Sanskrit words has evidently been much in operation hero, as in trikona, duschikya, kemadruma, hidroga, Kaserumant, Jalaukas, Asura Maya.
A comparison of the results obtained from both groups of words--that is, of those authenticated by contemporaneous documents and those which can be pointed out in Hindu literature,-showg as a deviation in the second that the o is not so often rendered by a as in coin-legends; and also the occasional representation of by U, the regular representation of v by (more rarely by i), the rendering of av by úv, of av bye (?), of dů by au ; lastly, the Zetacization of 8c into jin appears in . both groups as e. II. INDIAN NAMES AND WORDS AMONG
GREEKS. Here we have to deal partly with politico-geographical and other names, and partly with articles of commerce and objects of daily life. The names of wares came first to the West, in part very early -long before Alexander-and either, like the name India itself, through Persian, with the form transmuted according to Persian phonetic laws +
• Dr. Bhau Daji seeks under the name of the Yavaneένιοι Λογλυφίαλυαγα, Or rather Sphujidλυαγα και Σπευσιππος --See Journ. Royal As. So. I. 409 (1865), but Kern Introd. to Var. Mih., p. 48).an 'Appodius.
Mr. Hermann Jacobi, who is now engaged on an edition of the Laghujataka, informe me that Kevo popía would rather answer to kemadruma, which with its denominative Kevod popro occurs in Proclus, Porphyrius and Manetho.
1 This word, protected by the Laghujdtaka I. 17 (Ind. Stud. II. 281), appears by Muir in J. 48. S. of Beng. XIV.
811, as du chikatha, and has further been corrapted in Las Ben, IV. 843, to fichakatha.
Kern, Introd. to Var. Min., p. 29. Comp. Ind. Stud. II. 281 n. T Comp. the otherwise inverted representation of by I.
Comp. herewith, before everything else, Lassen's Ind. Alt. K. I. 1-352, II. 580.899., III. 1-386.
+ Namely h (as spiritus lenis) for s, thus in Syr. hendu 'Ivoos sindu, for h, for 1 (Comp. e. 9. aleo La sen, II. 559, a to Hypobarus and Martichoras).
