Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ traimAsika zoSa-patrikA anekAnta va 32: kiraNa 1.2 janavarI-jUna 1674 viSaya sampAdana-maNDala jyotiprasAda jaina DA0premasAgara jaina bhI gokulaprasAda jaina mampAdaka zrI gokulaprasAda na ema.e., ela-ela. bI. sAhityaratna viSayAnukramaNikA kra0 1. maMgalAcaraNa-sammaisusa 2 saMta sAhitya pora jaina apabhraMza kAvya -DA. rAmamUti pipAThI, ujjaina .. mAlavA ke paramAra nareza aura jainadharma -DA. zivakumAra nAmadeva, hiNDorI (maNDalA) . 4. pacaparameSThI mora NamokAra maMtra -DA0 premasAgara jaina, bar3auta 5. mAdi jina, ziva eva dAMva paramparA -zrI munIzacaMdra jozI, naI dillI 6. jaina dharma : udbhava aura vikAsa -DA. ravIndra jaina, madrAma 7. jaina kAmya me vyavahRta 'jAna' zabda : rUpa-svarUpa -DA. aruNalatA jaina, pharukhAbAda 8. mathurA ko jaina kalA -DA. ramezacandra jaina, vijanaura 6. anekAnta-DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka 10. elAcArya : zabda-mImAMzA -DA.devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca (ma.pra.) 32 11. zramaNa saMskRti kA udAtta dRSTikoNa -pro0 zrI jana mUrideva 12. mUti-pUjA kI pratIkAtmakatA -DA. bhAgacandra jaina 'mAgendu | vArSika mUlya 6) rupaye isa kiraNa kA mUlya : 1 rupayA 50 paise prakAzaka vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ram me nA . . ranal ! Mara FONIANTRA / -- - . asara EN REAR BARA rASTra ke sarvocca puraskAra ke pratiSThApaka zra [prathama puraskAra samarpaNa ke avasara para DA0 sampUrNAnanda evaM puraskAra vijetA malayAlama kavizrI zaMkara kurUpa ke sAtha
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ traimAsika zoSa-patrikA anekAnta 32: kiraNa 1.2 janavarI-jUna 1976 sampAvana-maNDala jyotiprasAda jaina hA premasAgara jaina bhI gokulaprasAda jaina mampAdaka dho gokulaprasAda jaina ema.e., ela-ela. bI. sAhityaratna viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya 1. maMgalAcaraNa-sammaisusa 2 sata sAhitya aura jaina apabhraMza kAvya -~-DA. rAmamUrti tripAThI, ujjaina 3. mAlavA ke paramAra nareza bhora jainadharma -hA. zivakumAra nAmadeva, DiNDorI (maNDalA) 7 4. pacaparameSThI aura NamokAra maMtra -DA. premasAgara jaina, bar3auta 5. mAdi jina, ziva eva dAMva paramparA -zrI munIzacandra jozI, naI dillI 6. jaina dharma : udbhava aura vikAma -DA. ravIndra jaina, madrAsa 7. jaina kAvya me vyavahata 'jJAna' zabda : rUpa-svarUpa -hA. maraNalatA jaina, pharuvAbAda 6. mathurA ko jaina kalA -DA. ramezacandra jaina, vijanaura 6. manekAnta-DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka 10. elAcArya : zabda-mImAMzA -1. devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca (ma.pra.) 32 11. zramaNa saMskRti kA udAtta dRSTikoNa -pro0 zrI rajana mUrideva 12. mUti-pUjA kI pratIkAtmakatA ~. bhAgavandra jaina 'mAgendu' vArSika mUlma 6) rupaye isa kiraNa kA mUlya: 1 rupayA 50 paise prakAzaka vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla kI mukhya tithiyAM (jainAgamoM ke prAdhAra para ) IsA pUrva IsA pUrva - - 599-tra zukla trayodazI (30 mArca) ko bajjIsaMgha kI 552-kAzI janapada meM vihAra tathA aThArahavA varSAvAsa rAjadhAnI vaizAlI ke nikaTa kSatriya-kaMDagrAma meM jJAta. rAjagaha meN| kula meM janma / pitA ke tIna nAma-siddhArtha, zreyAMsa 551-magaSa janapada meM vihAra tathA unnIsavI varSAvAsa tathA yshsvii| gotr-kaashyp| mAtA ke tIna nAma- punaH rAjagRha meN| trizalA, videhadinnA tathA priykaashinii| gotra- 550-vakta janapada meM vihAra tathA 20vA varSAvAsa vaizAlI meM vAsiSTha / 546-videha, kozala tathA paMcAla janapada meM vihAra tathA 571-28 varSa kI pravasthA meM mAtA-pitA kA dehAvasAna / ikkIsavAM varSAvAsa vANijyagrAma meN| 570-mArgazIrSa vadI dazamI (11 nabambara) ko gRhatyAga 548-magadha meM bhramaNa tathA bAIsavA~ varSAvAma rAjagana meN| karake bhanagAra zramaNa vana pAnA / 547-kozana janapada meM vihAra tathA teIsavAM varSAvAsa 569-kevala-jJAna kI prApti se pUrva sADhe bAraha varSa ke vANijyanAma meM / chanastha kAla kA prathama varSAvAsa pAstheka grAma 546-7 tathA magara janapada meM vihAra tathA cauvIsavAM (vajanIsaMgha) meN| varSAvAma rAjagaha meN| 568-chayasthakAla kA dvitIya varSAdhAma nAlaMdA meM / 445-praga tathA videza janapada meM bihAra tathA paccIsavAM 567-campA meM chAstha kAla kA tRtIya varSAvAsa / varSAvAsa mithilA meM / 566-prayamgha kAla kA caturtha varSAvAsa pRSTha campA meN| 51 544-ama janapada meM bihAra tathA chabbImA varSAvAsa 565-bhatiyA (aMga deza) meM chayasya kAla kA pAcavA / pana : mithilA meN| 543-kozala janapada meM bihAra tathA sattAIpA varSAvAsa vrssaavaas| 564-chapastha kAla kA chaThA varSAvAsa punaH bhaddhiyA meN| pUnaH mithilA me / 542-kozala, pacAla taNa kuru janapada meM bihAra tathA 563-pAlabhiyA (kAzI janapada) meM chaprastha kAla kA aTThAIsavA~ varSAvAma vANijya grAma meM / sAtavA varSAvAsa / 541-magadha janapada meM bhramaNa tathA untIsavI varSAvAsa 562-chaprastha kAla kA pAThavA varSAvAsa rAjagRha meN| rAjagaha meN| 561-lAda deza kI dUsarI bAra yaatraa| isa bAra bhI vahA~ 540-praga tathA videha janapada meM vihAra tathA tIsavA ghanaghora upasarga sahana karane pdd'e| varSAvAsa vANijyagrAma meN| 560-lADha beza se lauTane ke bAda chAstha kAla kA dasavA 536-kozala tathA paMcAla janapada meM vihAra tathA barSAvAsa zrAvastI meM / ikatIsA varSAvAsa vaizAlI meM / 556-vaMzAlI meM chapastha kAla kA gyArahavI vrssaabaas| 538-videha, kozala tathA kAzI janapada meM vihAra tathA 558-upastha kAla kA bArahavA tathA aMtima varSAvAsa batImA varSAvAsa puna. vaizAlI meN| 537-magadha tathA aMga janapada meM vihAra tathA tetIsA campA meN| 557-vaizAkha zukla dazamI (26 apraila)ko jaMbhiya prAma varSAvAsa rAjagaha meN| 536-magadha meM vihAra tathA cautIsA varSAvAsa nAlandA meN| (kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra rAjagaha se lagabhaga 30 mIla para bartamAna jamaI grAma) meM kevala-jJAna kI 535-videha janapada meM bihAra tathA paitIsa varSAvAsa prApti / kevala jJAna-prApti ke 66veM dina zrAvaNa vaizAlI meN| kRSNa pratipadA (1 agasta) ko magadha kI rAjadhAnI 534-kozala, paMcAla, zUrasena tathA videhe janapada meM rAjagRha ke vipulAcala para prathama pravacana, jisameM vihAra tathA chattImA varSAvAsa mithilA meN| magadharAja zreNika bimbasAra apanI rAnI celanA ke 533-magadha meM vihAra tathA saitIsA varSAvAsa rAjagRha meN| sahita upasthita / unake isI pravacana se unake tIrtha 532-magadha meM vihAra tathA par3atImA varSAvAsa nAladA meN| (caturvidha saMgha) kI sthApanA huii| 11-videha janapada meM vihAra tathA untAlIsA varSAvAsa 556-videha janapada meM bihAra tathA cauvhavA varSAvAsa mithilA meN| vaizAlI meN| 530-videha janapada meM vihAra tathA cAlIsA varSAvAma 555-vatsa tathA kauzala janapada meM vihAra tathA pandrahavA mithilA meN| vANijya grAma (vajjI saMgha) meN| 526-magadha meM vihAra tathA 41vA varSAvAma rAjagaha meM / 554-magadha meM bihAra tathA solahavAM varSAvAsa rAjagaha meN| 528-magadha meM vihAra tathA 42 varSAvAsa madhyama pAvA meM 553-aMga va videha janapada meM vihAra tathA sahA varSA- 527-dIpAvalI ko madhyama pAvA me 72 varSa kI bhAyu me vAsa vANijya grAma me / nirvANa / 000
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ moma pahana niikaan paramAgamasya bIja niSiddhajAtyandhasindhuravidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnAM virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam // varSa 32 vIra-sevA-mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 5 janavarI-jama kiraNa 1 aura 24 vIra-nirvANa saMvat 2505, vi0 saM0 2035 / 1979 sammaisuttaM NayakaMDa siddhaM siddhasthANaM ThANamaNovamasaha uvagayANaM / kusamayavisAsaNaM sAsaNaM jiNANaM bhavajiNANaM / [siddha siddhArthAnAM sthAnamanupamasukhamupagatAmAm / samayavizAsanaM zAsanaM jinAnAM bhavajinAnAm // ] jina-zAsana svataH pramANa-siddha hai bhAvArtha :-jo saMsAra ke duHkhoM ko jIta kara anupama sukha ko upalabdha ho cuke haiM, una jinendra bhagavAna kA pramANa-prasiddha arthoM kA sthAna jina-zAsana svataH siddha hai| vaha mithyAmato kA khaNDana karane vAlA hai| jina-zAsana svata: pramANa isalie hai ki vaha vItarAgI deva dvArA prakAzita hai| koI bhI jIva svayaM vItarAgI bana kara use pramANita kara sakatA hai| ataH pramANa vItarAgatA hI hai| rAga dveSa se rahita avasthA ho vItarAgatA hai| vizeSa-grantha ke prArambha meM 'siddha' zabda kA prayoga magala sUcaka hai| grantha-kartA ke nAma kA sUcaka bhI 'siddha' zabda kahA jAtA hai| titthayaravayaNasaMgahavisesapatthAramulavAgaraNI / davaTiyo ya pajjavaNayo ya sesA viyappA si // [tIrthakaravacanasaMgraha vishessprstaarmuulvyaakrnnii| dravyAthikazca paryavanayazca zeSA vikalpAstayoH / / tIrthakara-vANI : sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka bhAvArtha-tIrthakaroM ke vacana sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka haiN| ve sAmAnya rUpa se dravya ke pratipAdaka haiM aura vizeSa rUpa se paryAya ke| dravyAthika (nizcaya yA paramArtha) aura paryAyAthika (vyavahAra) nayoM (sApekSa dRSTiyoM) se mUla vastuoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| zAstroM meM jina sAta nayoM kA varNana milatA hai, vaha ina do nayoM kA vistAra hai| sabhI naya dravyAtmaka aura paryAyAthika ina do nayoM meM gabhita haiN| inameM dravyAthika naya kA vistAra naigama, saMgraha evaM vyayahAra rUpa hai tathA paryAyAdhika naya kA vistAra RjasUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha pIra evaMbhana rUpa hai| mula jinavANI kA vivecana karane vAle ye do hI naya haiN| 000
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saMta sAhitya aura jaina apabhraza kAvya madhyakAlIna hindI nirmANa sAhitya ke lie "saMta sAhitya" zabda rUDha ho gayA hai| madhyakAlIna samasta bhAra tIya sAdhanAe zrAgama prabhAvita hai- sata-sAhitya bhI / sata sAhitya ko " prabhAvita" kahane kI apekSA maiM to yaha kahanA cAhatA hUM ki 'vAvika dRSTi" kA hI yaha loka bhASA meM sahaja, prasphuraNa hai / prataH " prabhAvita" kI jagaha use "prAgamika kahanA magata hai "prAgamika dRSTi" ko yadyapi dhAra0 DI0 rAnADe ne apane (Mysticims in Maharashtra) medika siddhAnta kA sAyanAtmaka zravicchedya pArzva batAyA hai| isa prakAra ke Agama ko yadyapi nagamika kahanA cAhate hai, para isase Agama ke vyaktitva kA vilopa nahIM hotA / prAcIna prArya RSiyo kI eka dRSTi kA jaisA vikAsa aura pariSkAra mAgamoM meM milatA hai, vasA naigamaka darzano' meM nahI / isalie maiM jise "prAgamiga dRSTi" kahanA cAhatA hU, usakA saMketa bhale hI vaidika vAGamaya meM ho, para usakA svatantra vikAsa aura pratiSThA AgamoM meM huI, yaha vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna meM rakhane kI bAta hai / 'Agama' yadyapi bhinna-bhinna pratha me pracalita aura prarUDha sabda hai, tathApi yahA ekavizeza dharya meM vAMcita hai aura vaha apAtra kI paramArthika sthiti / dvaya haizakti aura ziva / vizva nirmANa ke lie spindanAramaka apekSA hai aura vizvAtIta sthiti ke lie niHspada ziva / spada aura nispada kI bAta vizvAtmaka aura vizvAtI dRSTiyoM se kI jA rahI hai, dRSTi nirapekSa hokara use koI saMjJA nahIM dI jA sakatI vaha vizvAtIta to hai hI, vizvAtmaka pariNati kI saMbhAvanA se saMvAtIta hone ke kAraNa vizvAtmaka bhI vaijJAnika bhASA me inhe hI RNAtmaka tathA manAtmaka tatva kaha sakate hai| vizeSatayA itanI hI hai ki 'mAgama' meM inheM DA0 rAmamUrti tripAThI, ujjaina 'cinmaya' kahA gayA hai| naigamika darzano me koI bhI ( nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, pAtajala, pUrva mImAsA tathA uttara mImAsA) 'zakti' kI 'cinmaya' rUpa meM kalpanA nahI karatA kucha to aise hai jo 'vAta' taba hI nahI mAnate, kucha mAnate bhI hai to 'jaDa' | 'grAgama' ( zradvayavAdI ) 'zakti' ko 'cinmaya' kahate hai mora 'ziva' kI abhinna kSamatA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate hai / madvayastha vahI dvayAtmaka mInA ke nimitta diyA vibhakta hokara paraspara hita ho jAtI haiM, pRthak ho jAtI hai| isa vyavadhAna yA pArthakaya ke kAraNa samasta sRSTi asthira, becaina, miyA sinna hai| isa sthiti se ubarane ke lie isa vyavadhAna ko samApta karanA par3atA hai, zakti se ziva kA mela yA sAmarasya apekSita hotA hai / nirgunie sata pahale sAdhaka hai, isake bAda aura kucha, aura inakI sAdhanA hai - surata zabdayoga / yaha surata yA surati aura kucha nahIM, ukta 'zakti' hI hai, jo zrAdima milana yA yuddhAvasthA ko svAmI me sabhI baddhAtmA me par3I huI hai| pratyeka vyakti me yahI prasupta cinmayI 'kuNDalinI' kahI jAtI hai / atharvaveda meM yahI 'ucchiSTa' he purANo meM yahI 'zeSanAga' hai / sthUlatama pArthikAtmaka pariNati ke bAda kuTapti 'zakti' vizva aura vyaSTi ubhayatra mUlAdhAra meM sthita hai / kaha bhIkhA saba mauja sAhaba kI maujI bApU kahAyata / bhIkhA sAhaba prAgamikoM kI zaktimAna (ziva) dhIra zakti kI bhAti maujo zrora mauja kI bAta karate hai / mojI ko eka dUsare sata ne ziva tathA moja ko spaSTa hI kahA hai surati suhAmini uti ke milI sabada meM jAya / milI sabada meM jAya kanta ko basa meM kInhA /
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saMta sAhitya aura jana apabhraMza kAvya calana siva ke pora jAya jaba saktI lInhA / dekhanA asambhava lagatA hai| jaina dhArA kRccha evam pacchedaphira saktI bhI nA rahe, sakti se sIva kahAI / vAdI hone se zarIra svayaM sasAra se pUrti virakta dRSTi apane mana ke phera aura nA dUjA koii| rakhatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina sAhitya me yahI nirvedasaktI ziva hai eka nAma kahane ko doii| bhAva puSTa hokara zAMta rasa ke rUpa meM laharAtA hupA palaTU saktI sIva kA bheda kahA pralagAya / dRSTigocara hotA hai| zRgAra kA citraNa sarvadA unakI surati suhAgini ulaTi ke milI zabda meM jaay| kRtiyoM me vidasAvasAmo aura vairAgyapoSaka rUpa me hamA palaTUdAsa kI ina paktiyo ke sAkSya para ukta sthApanA hai| jaina kAvya kA pratyeka nAyaka nirvada ke dvArA apanI ki prAgamika dRSTi hI satoM kI dRSTi hai, siddha ho jAtI hara raMgIna aura sAMsArika mAdaka vRtti kA paryavasAna 'zAMta' meM hI karatA hai| prAgama kI bhAMti satajana bhI bahiryAga kI apekSA para ina tamAma bhedaka tattvo ke bAvajUda chaThI-sAtavI aMtaryAga kI hI mahattA svIkRta karate hai pora isa pataryAga zatI ke tAdhika mata ke prabhAva-prasAra ne jainiyoM para bhI ko kAryAnviti 'guru' ke nirdeza meM hI sabhava hai| Agamo prabhAva DAlA--phalataH katipaya apabhraza-baddha jaina raca. kI bhAMti satajana mAnate hai ki guru kI upalabdhi pAramezvara nAmoM meM 'sata' kA-sA svara bhI dhatigocara hotA hai / carama panugraha se hI saMbhava hai| yaha guru hI hai jisakI upalabdhi lakSya se vichinna phalataH vijaDita evam rUDhaprAya prAcAra hone para 'sAdhanA' (prataryAga) sabhava hai| yaha to kAra bAhalya ke prati eka tIkhI pratikriyA aura mataryAga ke hI kahA jA ca kA hai ki dvayAtmaka pradvaya sattA vizvAtmaka prati lagAva kA sata savAdI vidrohI svara katipaya racanAmo bhI hai aura vizvAtIta bhii| vizvAtmaka rUpa meM usake meM vidyamAna hai / pAhur3a, dohA, yogasAra, paramAtma prakAza, avarohaNa kI eka viziSTa prakriyA hai aura umI prakAra vairAgyasAra, prAnandA, sAvaya ghamma dohA mAdi racanAe prArohaNa kI bhii| vicAra pakSa se jahAM prAgamo ne dvayA- aisI hI hai| inameM saMtasaMvAdI manaHsthiti kA prabhAva yA smaka advaya tatva kI bAta kI hai vahI prAcAra pakSa se pratibimbaspaSTa dikhAI par3atA hai| jisa prakAra anya rahasyavAsanA (kASAya) damana kI jagaha vAsanA zodhana kI bAta vAdI racayitAnoM ne kramAgata rUDhiyoM evam bAhyAcAroM bhii| jainadhArA na to 'dvayAtmaka pradaya' kI bAta svIkAra kA khaNDana karate hue pAramAthika tattvoM kI upalabdhi ke karatI hai aura na hI vAsanA ke zoghana cinmayokaraNa ko, anurUpa yatnoM aura dizAnoM ko mahattva diyA hai-yahI jabaki 'sata' jana vicAra aura prAcAra donoM pakSo meM sthiti ina jaina muniyoM kI bhI hai| lagatA hai ki isa 'mAgama' dhArA ko mAnate hai| maujI zrIra mauja, surata mora avadhi meM prAcAra yA sAdhana ko hI sAdhyatA kI koTi zabda ke 'yoga' athavA 'sAmarasya' meM jahA sata jana 'dva yA- prApta hotI jA rahI thI-phalataH kaTTara sAmpradAyika tmaka praya' ko svIkAra karate hai, vahA kAma milAve rAma / lakIroM aura rekhAmoM ke prati inake mana meM bhI upa ko' dvArA prema kI mahattA kA gAna karate hue tanmaya pa. prAkroza thA aura usa ajhalAhaTa ko ve usI ugra svara meM mAtmA kI upalabdhi meM vaamn| ke zodhana aura cinmayIkaraNa vyakta karate hai jisa svara meM siddho nAthoM bhaura nigukI bhI sthiti svIkAra karate hai| prAgama sammata saMta niyo ne mAkroza-garma udgAra vyakta kie the| pro0 hIrA paramparA se jaina dhArA kA eka tIsarA antara yaha bhI hai lAla jaina ne ThIka likhA hai ki "ina dohoM meM ki jahA pahalA advayavAdI hai vahA dUsarA bhedvaadii| vaha jogiyoM kA agama, pracit-cin, deha, devalI, zivazakti na kevala aneka prAtmA kI hI bAta karatA hai apitu sasAra saMkalpa-vikalpa, saguNa-nirguNa, akSarabodha vidhi, vAma sasAra ko bhI pranAdi aura zAzvata satya mAnatA hai| isa bakSiNa adhva, do patha ravi-zazi, pavana, kAla prAdi aise prakAra, aise aneka bhedaka tatva ubharakara sAmane prAte hai zabda hai aura unakA aise gahana rUpa meM prayoga huprA hai ki jinake kAraNa 'sata' sAhitya ke sadarbha meM jana sAhitya ko uname hame yoga aura tAMtrika grathoM kA smaraNa hue binA
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 4, varSa 32, ki01-2 anekAnta hA nahIM rhtaa| saMprati, mAgama saMta-saMvAdo svaroM meM se eka- maNa miliyau paramesara ho, paramesaha jimnnsy| eka kA paryavekSaNa prastuta hai| viNi vi samarasihai rahiya pujju caDAvau kassa / / mana paramezvara se tathA paramezvara mana se milakara sama(1) paratatva saMbandhI vaicArika yA saiddhAntika pakSa - rasa ho jAtA hai aura jaba yaha sAmarasya ho gayA, taba ta Upara yaha spaSTa kahA jA cukA hai ki jaina dhArA me kA vilaya bhI jAtA hai / dvaMta kA vilaya ho jAne se kauna mAtmA hI mukta dazA meM paramAtmA hai, vaha aneka hai aura pUjaka aura kauna pUjya ? kauna pArAdhaka aura kauna mananta jJAna, ananta darzana, pananta sukha aura ananta vIrya ArAdhya ? phira to kA bhaNDAra hai / azuddha dazA meM unake ye guNa kamoM se Dhake ___"tubhyaM mAM namo namaH" rahate hai| para isa mAnyatA ke sAtha-sAtha ukta graMthoM me aimI kI sthiti prA jAtI hai| isa taraha sAmarasya kI kaI bAteM pAI jAtI haiM, jo ni.sandeha prAgamika dhArA anekatra carcA upalabdha ho jAtI hai| hai kI hai / saMtoM kI bhAMti jaina maniyoM ke bhI ve hI tAtrika deha mahelI eha bar3ha tau sattAvai taam| graMtha srota haiM / bauddhoM kI bhAMti jaino para bhI yaha prabhAva cittu NiraMjaNu pariNa sihu samarasi hoi Na jAma // dRSTigata hotA hai| prAgamikoM kI bhAMti jaina maniyo ne| lakSya ke rUpa me imI 'sAmarasya' kI upalabdhi bhI bhI paramAtma bhAva ko 'samarasa' hI nahIM kahA hai, 'ziva unhe iSTa hai / saMtoM ne jina manmonmatI dazA kI ora zakti' kA samarUpa yA padvayAtmaka rUpa bhI kahA hai| mani haketa kiyA hai--usakA pUrvAbhAsa ina logo me bhI rAmasiMha ne kahA hai (pAhu dohA) upalabdha hai-- siba vigu santi vAvaraha, sira puNu santi vihiinn| tui buddhi tar3atti jahi maNa na vaNahaM jaad| bohi mi jAhiM sayala jaga, bujjhai moha viNa // so sAmiya u esu kahi aNahi dehi kaai|| isa sAmarasya kI upalabdhi ho jAne para buddhi kA zaktirahita ziva kucha nahIM kara sakatA aura na to pAhaMkArika 'adhyavasAya' tathA mana kI saMkalpa vikalpAtmaka zakti hI ziva kA prAdhAra grahaNa kie binA kucha kara vatiyAM samApta ho jAtI hai / prAgama saMvAdIsaMto ke svara sakatI hai| samasta jagat ziva-zaktimaya hai / jar3a paramANu meM anya devatAboM kI upAsanA se virati tathA ukta apanI samasta saMracanA meM gatimaya thA, saspaMda hai-jo gaMtavya kI upalabdhi hI svAmI kI prora se inhe nidiSTa hai / zakti kA hI sthUla pariNAma hai| dUsarI pora, jIvana bhI kahI-kahIM to saMtoM aura ina jaina muniyo kI uktiyAM ekaDI0 ena0 e0 tathA bhAra0 ena0 e0 ke saMyukta rUpa meM dUsare kA rUpAntara jAna par3atI hai| namaka aura pAnI ke dayAtmaka hai / ekatra vahI zakti ziva RNAtmaka dhanAtmaka eka hI dRsTAnta se jo bAta rAmasiMha kahate hai, vahI kabIra avayava haiM jo apanI nirapekSa sthiti me advayAtmaka hai| bhii| saMta sAhitya ke antargata rAdhAsvAmI sAhitya tathA guru jimi loNa vilijjaha pANiyaha citta bilijj| nAnaka kI 'purANa saMgatrI' me bhI isa siddhAnta kA vRhad samarasi vai jIvahA kAha samAhi karijja? rUpa se nirUpaNa hai| paratatva yA paramAtmA ko samarasa ThIka isI kI pratidhvani kabIra me dekheMkahanA dvayAtmakatA sApekSa hI to hai| abhiprAya yaha ki mana lagA unaman sau unamana manahi vilg| mUla dhAraNA mAgama sammata hai-vahI ina jaina muniyo kI lUMNa vilagA pAMNapA, pANI laNa vilaga / / uktiyoM meM to pratibimbita hai hI, satoM ne bhI 'surata' (2) vAsanA damana kI jagaha vAsanA zoSana pora tathA 'zabda' ke dvArA tAMtrika bauddha siddho ne 'zUnyatA' aura usakI sahajAnaMda me svAbhAvika pariNati ke saMketa'karuNA' tathA 'prajJA' aura 'upAya' ke rUpa me usI dhAraNA bauddha siddho ke samakAlIna ina jaina saMto me bhI carako svIkAra kiyA hai| anyatra 'samarasIkaraNa' kI bhI mAvasthA ke lie 'sahajAnaMda' zabda kA kiyA gayA prayoga uktiyAM hai milatA hai| saMtoM ne zatazaH, sahasrasaH 'sahaja' kI bAta kahI
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saMta sAhitya mora jana apabhraMza kAvya hai| bhAratIya sAdhanA dhArA me jaina muniyoM ke 'kRccha' ke isa prakAra jaina dhArA jina bAtoM meM apanA sthAna viparIta hI 'sahaja' sAdhanA aura sAdhya kI bAta sabhava pRthaka rakhatI pA rahI hai-(1) paratatva kI dvayAtmakatA haiM ki pracalita huI ho| adhyAtma sAdhanA me mana kA ekAgrI (2) dvata kI mamastaviSa nivedha tathA (3) vAsanA zodhana karaNa vikSepa mUla vAsanA yA kASAya ke zoSaNa se to kA sahaja mArga-una prAgamika vizeSatAmoM kA prabhAva maNa' mAnate hI the. dUsare pravattimArgI prAgamika sAdhaka pa kAyoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| BETET kI aisI kuzalatA sahaja pA lenA cAhate the ki vAsanArUpa bhASAbaddha anyAnya racanAmoM me pAgamasavAdI sato kI jala meM rahakara hI viparIta pravAha meM rahanA use pA jaay| pAribhASika padAvaliyAM itanI adhika udagra hokara bhAI sAdhako ko yaha prakriyA damana kI apekSA anukUla lgii| hai ki jaina kaviyoM yA maniyo kA nAma haTA dene para tadartha vAsanAjanya kI maghavartI sthiti kA udhvakiraNa paryApta bhrama kI gaMjAiza hai| agamita thaa| jaina sAdhako ke apabhraza kAvya me saketa ina mahatvapUrNa prabhAvoM ke atirikta aisI kaI paura khoje jA sakate haiM-para bhASAkAvya me kabIra bAda spaSTa bhI bAteM hai jinheM satoM ke sadarbha meM dekhA jA sakatA kathana milane lagate hai / jaina maramI mAnadadhana kI racanAe hai| udAharaNa ke lie -(1) pustakI jJAna kI niMdA sAkSI hai / ve kahate hai (2) bhItarI sAdhanA para jora (3) guru kI mahattA (4) prAja suhAgana nArI, avadhU mAja suhAgana naarii| bAhyAcAra kA khaDana prAdi / mere nAtha pApa sudha lonI, konI nija mNgcaarii| (1) pAgama 'vahiryAga' kI apekSA 'prataryAga' ko prema pratIti rAga ruci raMgata, pahire jhInI saarii| mahattA dete hai aura saiddhAntika bodha ko apekSA vyAvahArika mahitI bhakti raMga kI rAMcI, bhAvajana sukhkaarii| sAdhanA ko bhI / saiddhAntika vAcyabodha me jIvana khapAne sahaja subhAva burI mai pahinI, thiratA kaMkana bhaarii|| ko pratyeka sAdhaka dhyartha samajhatA hai-yadi vaha kriyA ke ityAdi... praga rUpa meM nahIM hai / sato ne spaSTa hI kahA hai--"pothI ina paMktiyoM meM kyA 'sato' kA svara nahI hai ? sato par3hi-par3hi jaga maprA paDita bhayA na koya" / paramAtma prakAza kI bhAMti ina apabhraMza jaina kaviyoM meM bhI 'sahaja' zabda kA sAra kA kAhanA hai-- prayoga sAdhana aura sAdhya ke lie huA hai / mAnandatilaka ne sastha par3hatuM vihoi jahu jo Na haNoha viyappu / 'prANadA' nAmaka kAvya me spaSTa kahA hai ki kRccha sAdhanA bahi vasaMtu viNimmalaka NAvi mauha paramappu / / se kucha nahI ho sakatA, tadartha 'sahaja samAdhi' prAvazyaka zAstrAnuzIlana ke bAda bhI yadi vikalpa jAla kA vinAza na huyA to aimA zAstrAnuzIlana kisa kAma kA ? jApu jabAi bahu tava tavaI to viNa kamma hnnoi| isI bAta ko zabdAntara se 'yogasAra' kAra ne bhI kahA sahaja samAdhihi jANiyai mANavA ne jiNa sAsaNi sAha / jo vi jaNa prapyu para vi paramAu caei / isI prakAra muni jogIndu ne bhI kahA hai ki sahaja jo jANata satya iM samala gahu siva subasa laheha / / svarUpa meM hI ramaNa karanA cAhie jisane makala zAstra kA jJAna prApta karake bhI yaha sahaja sahavaha jai ramahi to pAyahi siva santu na jAnA ki kyA upAdeya aura heya hai-prAtmIya bhaura (yogasAra) parakIya hai, sakIrNa svapara bhAva meM vyasta rahakara jisane sahaja svarUpa meM jo ramatA hai-vahI zivatva kI parabhAva kA tyAga nahIM kiyA-yaha zivAtmaka sukha kI upalabdhi kara sakatA hai| chohala ne to caramaprAdha ko upalabdhi kima prakAra kara sakatA hai ? isI prakAra dohA 'sahajAnada' hI kahA hai --- "hau mahajANada sarUva siMha" pAhar3akAra kA bhI vizvAsa hai ki jisa paMDita ziromaNi rAmasiMha to sahAvasthA kI bAta bAra-bAra kahate haiN| ne pUstakIya jJAna meM to jIvana khapA diyA, para prAnma lAbha
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 6, varSa 32, ki. 1.2 anekAnta na kiyA, usane kanaka ko chor3akara bhUsA hI kUTA hai| devali pAhaNu tithi jalu putthaI sambaI kanca / paMDila paMDiya paMDiyA kaNa chavivi tusa kaMDiyA / vatthu ju vIssai kusubhiyau iSaya hosai samkhu / / pratye gaye tuTho si paramastha Na jANahi mUr3hosi // ityAdi... ina paktiyoM meM spaSTa hI kahA gayA hai ki devAlaya(2) pustakI jJAna kI avahelanA ke sAtha saMto kA gamana yA tIrthabhramaNa se kucha nahI hone kA-jaba taka mana dUsarA savAdI svara hai -bhItarI sAdhanA yA aMtaryAga para meM kASAya zeSa hai| manogata kASAya kA saMbaraNa paura bala / siddho, nAtho pora sato kI bhAMti ina jaina muniyo ma ne bhI kahA hai ki jo sAghu bAhya liMga se to yukta hai kiMtu (4) cauthI samAnatA saMtoM, siddhoM aura rahasyavAdI prAMtarika liMga me zanya hai vaha saccA sAdhaka tA hai hI nAthoM se prAgamika paramparA se prabhAvita ina jaina muniyo nahI, viparIta isake mArgabhraSTa hai| saccA liga bhAva kI kI yaha hai ki ye bhI vahima khI sAdhanA se haTakara zarIra hai-bhAva zuddhi se hI prAtma prakAza sambhava hai / morUba nArI ke bhItara kI sAdhanA para bala dete hai / devasenAcArya ne 'tatvapAhuDa meM kahA gayA hai--- sAra' meM spaSTa kahA hai - bAhira ligeNa jado pramyaMtaraliga rahiya priymmo| pakke maNa saMkappe rudde prava vANa viSayavAvAre / so sagacarittabhaTTo mova va pahaviNAsago sAhU / / pagaTa i vaMmasarUvaM appA jhANe jo INaM // isI bAta ko zabdAntara se kundakundAcArya ne 'bhAva pAhur3a' me bhI kahA hai prAtmolabdhi karanI hai to manodarpaNagata kASAya mala kA bhAvo hi par3hamaliga na divyAlagaM ca jANa prmtthN| apavAraNa Avazyaka hai / ratnatraya hI mokSa hai-kintu usakA bhAvo kAraNamado guNadosANaM jiNAviti // pothiyoM me nahI, svasaMvedana se hI savetavA saMbhava hai| sva. (3) antaryAga para bala hI nahIM, use vicchinna mUla saMvedana apane se hI apane ko jAnanA hai / isalie ukta dohe vahiryAga, vAliga athavA bAhyAcAra kA usI prAveza meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha uktasaMvena hI hai jisake dvArA mana ke aura vidroha kI mudrA meM ina jaina muniyoM ne khaNDana bhI saMkalpa miTa jAte hai, indriyAM viSayoM se uparata ho jAtI hai kiyA hai| prAnandatilaka ne spaSTa hI kahA hai ki kucha aura prAtmadhyAna se yogI apanA svarUpa jAna letA hai| loga yA to bAloM ko nucavAte hai athavA vyartha me vahana (5) pA~cavA sAmya hai --guru mAhAtmya yA mahatva karate hai, parantu ina sabakA phala jo Atmabindu kA bodha kaa| prAgamasammata dhArA ki sAdhana ko sarvAdhika mahatva hai, usase apane ko vacita rakhate hai detI hai, ataH nirdezaka ke prabhAva me vaha kAryAnvita ho ke kesa lucAhiM, keha sira ja bhaaruu| prabiNajAhi, paannNdaa| kima jAvahiM bhayapArU? 1 nahI sktii| saMtoM ne 'guru' ko paramAtmA kA zarIrI rUpa mani yogIndu ne bhI kahA hai ki jina logoM ne kevala hI kahA hai / jaina muniyo me bhI guru mahimA kA svara utanA hI udagra hai / muni rAmasiMha ne pAhuNa dohA me guru jinavaroM kA bAharI veSa mAtra apanA rakhA hai. bhasma se __ kI vaMdanA kI hai aura kahA haikeza kA lucana kiyA hai kintu aparigrahI nahIM huprAusane dUsaroM ko nahI apane ko ThagA hai| isI prakAra ina guru viNayaru guru himakiraNu guru dIvau guru deu / appAparahaM paraMparaha jo barisAva bheu| muniyo ne tIrthabhramaNa tathA devAlaya gamana kA bhI ugra svara me virodha kiyA hai| mani yogIndu ne tIrtha bhramaNa ke arthAt guru dinakara, himakara, dIpa tathA deva saba kucha viSaya meM kahA hai-- hai| kAraNa, bahI to prAtmA aura anAtmA kA bheda spaSTa titthaI titya bhamaMtAha maNaha mova vaNa hoh| karatA hai / yaha sadguru hI hai jisake prasAda se kevala jJAna NANa vi vajjiu jeNa jiya munidharu hoi Na soi|| kA sphuraNa hotA hai umI kI prasannatA kA yaha pariNAma hai devalagamana tathA bhartipUjA ke vipakSa ke udgAra dekheM - ki sAdhaka mukti rUpI strI ke ghara nivAsa karatA hai| pattima pANi cava tila sambai jANi savaSNu / kavalaNaNavi upajjai sadguru vacana pasAvu / jaM puNa mova vahaM jAivau taM kAraNa kucha aNNu / niSkarSa yaha ki apabhraMzabaddha jaina kAvyo me usa svara pattiya toDi ma johayA phasahi ja itthu ma bAhi / kA spaSTa hI pUrvAbhAsa upasthita hai jo satoM me lakSita jasu kAraNi todehi tuhu sou etthu cAhi // hotA hai| 000 vikrama vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mAlavA ke paramAra nareza aura jaina dharma DA. zivakumAra nAmadeva, DiNDaurI (malA) mAlavA ke paramAra rAjavaMzIya zAsakoM ne prAcIna paramAra nareza vAkpati muMja ne jaina AcArya amitabhAratIya itihAsa meM eka mahatvapUrNa bhAga kA abhinaya gati, mahAkSetra, dhanapAla va ghanezvara prAdi ko rAjAzraya kiyA aura kisI samaya me ucca cakravartI pada ko mI prApta pradAna kiyaa| amitagati bahumukhI pratibhA ke vidvAna the| kiyaa| kabhI ve mAlavA ke adhipati ke rUpa me pora kabhI jaina dharma ke atirikta samkRta ke kSetra meM bhI unakA UMcA pravatI nareza ke nAma se abhihita kiye jAte the| paramAra sthAna mAnA jAtA hai| inakA 'subhASita ratna saMdoha' nareza ujjaina aura ghAsa ke zAsakoM ke nAma se bhI suvi- nAmaka graMtha prasiddha hai| amitagati mAdhavasena kA ziSya thA khyAta the / paramAra rAjavazIya narezoM ko prArambhika rAja* jimakA guru mAthurasaMgha ke jaina sAdhupo kA pradhAna nemiSaNa dhAnI ujjayinI thI parantU bhona ke kAla meM unakI rAja- thA / jainAcArya dhanapAla ko jaina granthoM se rAjA bhoja kA ta nItika rAjadhAnI kA kendra dhArA nagarI ho gii| apane samakAlIna mAnA gagA hai| parantu ghAra ke itihAsa meM utkarSa ke kAla meM unake rAjya kI sImA uttara meM varta inako rAjA muMja kA samakAlIna tathA unakA kula puro. mAna koTA aura bUdI, pUrva meM vidizA, hozagAbAda eva / eva hita batAyA gayA hai| saskRta evaM prAkRta donoM bhASAmoM sAgara ke bhAga evaM dakSiNa me gvAndeza pradeza evaM godAvarI para inakA samAna adhikAra thaa| ye zvetAmbara sampradAya kSetra naka ke bhUbha ga paramAra narezo ke adhIna the| ke anuyAyI the isa sampradAya meM inhe inake bhAI ne madhya bhAga meM sthita hone ke kAraNa paramAra rAjya kA dIkSita kiyA thaa| inakA choTA bhAI zomana bhI jainAcArya saparka uttara na lekara dakSiNa taka tathA pUrva se lekara pazcima thA / taka ke aneka mamakAlIna rAjyo me huyaa| imase na kevala paramAra nareza bhojadeva ne prabhAcandra muni ko sammAna mAlavA ko saskRti kI zrIvRddhi huI apitu paramArakAlIna pradAna kiyaa| digambarAcArya zrI zAnti sena ne bhoja kI kalA ne anya rAjyoM kI kalA tathA saMskRti para gaharA sabhA me saikar3oM vidvAnoM se vAdavivAda karake unhe parAjita prabhAva ddaalaa| kiyA thaa| 'caturvizati prabandha' se jJAta hotA hai ki paramAra kAla me mAlavA me jaina dharma kA paryApta ujjayinI me vizAlakoti nAmaka digaMbarAcArya ke ziSya samannata vikAsa hamA / yadyapi paramAra nareza brahmaNa dharma madanakIrti ne paravAdiyoM para vijaya pAkara 'mahApramANika' ke anusaraNakartA the, parantu unhone jaina dharma ke utthAna va kI padavI prApta kI thii| sUrAcArya va devabhadra aime jainAcArya prasAra me abhUtapUrva yogadAna diyaa| paramAra narezo ne jaina the jinakA bhoja ke darabAra me prAdara kiyA jAtA thaa| vidvAnoM ko rAjAzraya pradatta kiyaa| ujjaina evaM dhArA evaM dhArA sAtha hI nayanadi, jinavara sUri anya jaina kavi the, jinhe nagarI jaina prAcAryoM ke sthAyI sthAna bane bhora jainA Adara prApta thaa| cAryoM ne bahuta bar3I sarUpA ma pranA ko jaina dharma kI Dora brAhmaNa dharma ke sAtha hI sAtha jaina dharma bhI mAlavA prAkaSita kiyA / isI kAla me aneka jaina tIthoM kI bhii| me phalA-phUlA / 11vI zatAbdI I. ke prArambhika bhAga me nIva par3I aura jainAcAryoM ne pUrva paramparA se cale Ae hue mahAna jaina zvetAmbara guru ambhadeva paramAra rAjya ke sthAnoM kI mahattA batAI tathA vahAM para tIrthoM kA zubhArabha khAndeza me the| unhoMne jaina siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyA maura bhaneka logoM ko isa dharma meM dIkSita humaa|
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 6, parSa 32, ki. 1.2 banekA kiyaa| isa bhU-bhAga para aneka jaina devAlayoM kA nirmANa aMtima kSora para nimAr3a ke maidAnI kSetra meM Una nAmaka imaa| 11vIM zatAbdI I. ke madhya meM nirmita kiye gae eka aitihAsika sthAna hai jo jilA mukhyAlaya kharagona se jaina devAlaya nimAr3a jile ke Una meM bhI pAye gyehai| isase lagabhaga 16 ki0mI0 kI dUrI para avasthita hai| paramAra vaMza yaha pramANita hotA hai ki usa kAla meM jaina dharma na kevala ke zAsanakAla meM yaha eka mahatvapUrNa nagara evaM vAstu sakrikhAndeza taka hI sImita thA apitu paramAra rAjya kI yatA kA eka mukhya kendra thaa| isake prAcIna gaurava ke sImAnoM ke madhya pradeza me aura pUrva me bhI usakA prasAra sAkSya svarUpa yahAM para aba bhI aneka jaina evaM hindU madira thaa| vartamAna hai| yahAM ke maMdiroM kI vAstuzaMlI khajurAhovindhyAcala parvata ke uttara me bhI jaina dharma kI samUha ke sadRza hai : yahA ke eka mandira kI dIvAla para pratyadhika pragati huI thii| jainAcAryoM ne paramAra narezoM ko paramAra nareza udayAditya kA eka abhilekha hai| sadA hI prabhAvita karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| rAjA naravamana Una me do mahatvapUrNa jaina madira hai -(1) caubAra jaina dharma ke prati sabhAdhanA rakhate the| ve jaina guru vallabha DerA kramAka 2 tathA (2) zAtinAtha / ke prati bar3I zraddhA rakhate the / paramAra napati vindhya varmana caubAraDarA kramAka 2 eka prAcIna jaina mandira hai| jainiyoM kA bar3A Adara karatA thaa| jaina vyAkaraNa eva isakA prAkAra vargAkAra hai aura isake madhya pATha stambhoM jaina sampradAya ke samasta siddhAntoM ke mahAna vidvAn paDita para eka gumbaja hai| isame cAra dvAra mArga hai jinameM se eka dhArAsana ke ziSya mahAvIra ko vindhyavarmana ne saMrakSaNa garbhagRha kA jAtA hai / gabhaMgaha me do vizAla jaina mUrtiyAM padAna kiyA thaa| isI kAla meM prAzAdhara apane sapUrNa hai| inameM se eka mUrti tIrtha kara zAtinAtha kI hai| isakA parivAra ke sAtha pAkara mAlavA me basa gayA aura mahAvIra sthApanA kAla mAgha zukla 7 sa. 282 vi. mati para ko apanA pathapradarzaka bnaayaa| vindhyavarmana kA uttarAdhi- prakita hai| dUsarI mUrti kA sthApanAkAla sa. 1263 kArI subhaTa varmana jaina dharma kA virodhI thaa| arjuna varmana vi hai| ke siMhAsanArohaNa ke pazcAt mAlavA me punaH jaina dharma kI sar3aka ke dakSiNa kI prora kucha dUrI para eka Tekar3I ke pragati huii| yAzAdhara ne likhA hai ki arjuna varmana kA pradeza Upara zrI zAtinAtha madira hai, jA gvAlezvara maMdira ke nAma jaina zrAvakoM se bharA thA aura vaha svaya jaina dharma ke pakSa se prasiddha hai| isakA prAmalaka zilA eva kalaza naSTa ho gae kA prasAra karane ke lie nalakacchapura nagara meM rahatA thaa| hai| maNDapa cAra gumbadayukta eka vargAkAra kakSa hai| isameM usane jaina dharma sapradAya ke vibhinna pakSoM kA nirUpaNa karane dAlAna nahIM hai / garbhagRha sabhA maNDapa se lagabhaga 10 phuTa ke lie aneka yo racanA kI thii| jaina dharma sudIrgha kAla nIcA hai| garbhagRha se maDapa meM pAne ke lie sIr3hiyAM banI taka mAlavA me phalatA-phUlatA rahA / huI hai| mukhya zikhara ke cAroM ora usI prakAra ke zRMga jaina kalA evaM sthApatya ko paramAra kAla meM caramo. hai jaisa ki khajurAho ke pAzvanAtha mandira meM hai| garbhagRha ke skarSa para pahuMcane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| isakA kAraNa andara tIna digambara jaina pratimAno kI eka paMkti eka yaha bhI hai ki bhAgavata dharma ke anuyAyI hone ke bAvajUda pAdapITha para khar3I hai| unameM se bhagavAna zAtinAtha kI unhone jaina dharma ke prati na kevala udAra dRSTikoNa papa. pratimA 18' UcI hai jinake donoM ora bharahatanAtha tathA nAyA balki unake kAla meM aneka jaina mandiroM kA nirmANa kunthanAtha kI pratimAeM kAyotsarga mudrA me khar3I hai| madhya humA aura jaina dharma ke unnayana me unhone gaharI abhiruci kI pratimA para sthApanA kAla jyeSTha zukla 13 saM0 1263 vyakta kii| maMkita hai| paramAroM ke pratApI zAsanakAla me bhanekAneka bhavya bhopAla se lagabhaga 25 ki. mI. kI dUrI para sthita evaM vizAla devAlayo kA nirmANa humA jinake kucha udA- samarUgar3ha nAmaka eka choTA-sA grAma hai| grAma ke bAyeM haraNa mAja bhI upalabdha hai / satapur3A parvata zreNI ke uttarI acala meM aneka purAtvIya avazeSa maMdiroM ke bhagnAvazeSoM
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mAlavA ke paramAra nareza pora mana dharma ke rUpa meM maujUda haiM jinameM prAcIna jaina mandira kI jagato kI bhAMti yadyapi ve vividha prakAra kI nahIM haiM, parantu ve evaM adhiSThAna para punanirmita jaina mandira evaM usake lekha yukta hai| ina pratimAno meM prAdinAtha, zreyAMsanAya, prahAte me rakhI haI prAcIna jaina pratimAyeM evaM sthApatyakhaDa dharmanAtha, zAtinAtha, nemimAtha, naminAtha eva mahAvIra kI hai| sthApatya vidyA eva mUli zilpa ke AdhAra para prAcIna pratimAye ullekhanIya hai| jaina mandira lagabhaga 13vI zadI kA prAMkA jA sakatA hai| madhya pradeza ke ujjaina jile kI mahIdapura tahasIla se isa sthAna kA sambandha dhArAdhipati bhoja dvArA nirmita usa pUrva dizA meM 15 ki0 mI0 dUra jhArar3A grAma apane janAprAcIna jaina mandira se rahA hogA jo bhojapura meM prAja bhI vazeSoM ke kAraNa kalA jagata meM adhika prasiddhi prApta kara punanimita avasthA me khar3A hai| cukA hai| yahAM se upalabdha vi0 sa0 1208 ke abhilekha bhojapura se lagabhaga 10 kilomITara kI dUrI para vAlI rohiNI kI eka kalAtmaka pratimA 2' 5' UMcI sAvarI nAmaka grAma hai| yahA paramArakAlIna madiroM ke aura 17" caur3I hai| 16 vidyA deviyoM meM rohiNI kaI sthaloM para avazeSa upalabdha hai| inhIM sthalo me eka prasiddha hai| pratimA kA vAhana gAya hai| ataH yaha zvetAmbara samaha jaina mandira ke avazeSa kA hai jo grAma kI pazcima paramparA meM nirmita hai| catubhajI rohiNI kI isa pratimA dizA para kucha hI dUrI para hai / madira ke avazeSoM meM mAtra ke Urdhva vAma hasta meM kalaza evaM dAyeM hAtha meM zakha, jagatI zeSa raha gaI hai| isI jagatI para yatra-tatra bikharI pradho vAma hasta meM kamala evaM cauthA hAtha bhagna hai / pratimA haI lagabhaga do darjana jaina pratimAyeM par3I hai jisame suprAva. eka viziSTa mUrtikalA kA udAharaNa prastuta karatI hai| bhASa jaina catuSTi kA, RSabhanAtha, gobheda ambikA, isameM vAhana ke prAdhAra para jaina devI zvetAmbarI hai paranta ambikA tathA anya tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAyeM sammilita hai| Ayudha ke prAghAra para digabara hai| mabhavataH yaha paramAra patimA vijJAna kI daSTi se vI satI kA vaMza ke mahAna yazasvI samrAT rAjAdhirAja bhoja ke samaya pAkA jA sakatA hai| saMsthApita dhArmika samanvaya ke kartRtva dvArA prabhAvita thii| negAvara se 33 mIla pazcima kI pora eva indaura devI kI zarIra yaSTi vizuddha rUpa se paramAra zilpa se mana prANita hai| se 46 mIla pUrva meM sthita vijayavAr3A meM mahAna jaina mandira pUrNa dhvamtAvasthA meM hai| isameM tIna bhImAkAra yahAM se upalabdha dUsarI mahatvapUrNa pratibhA yazvarI kI hai| paramAra matikalA meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha digambara jaina pratimAeM sarvAdhika aAkarSaka haiN| inameM se kI zAsana devI cakrezvarI paramAra mUrtikalA meM vizeSa rUpa eka ke pAdapITha para saMvata 1234, tadanusAra 1177 I0 utkIrNa hai| se akita milatI hai / bhArar3A se upalabdha cakra zvarI kI isa pratimA meM devI gasar3avAhanA aura aSTabhujI hai| paramAra gajadaza ke utkarSa kAla meM mAlavA ke logoM pratibhA ke cakra, pAza, vANa, varada, prakuza, vacca prAyudha ne bhavana nirmANa sambandhI kitanI dakSatA prApta kI thI, yaha suspaSTa hai, evaM do hAthoM ke Ayudha bhagna hai / isa pratimA upukta vivaraNa se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| isI kAla meM para prakita abhilekha aspaSTa hai / abhilekha ke prAdhAra para jaina zilpa kalA kA bhI bahuta utkarSa huaa| vivecya yugIna isakA kAla 13vI zatAbdI I0 nirdhArita kiyA jA jaina pratimAyeM aneka sthaloM se upalabdha huI hai| bhojapura sakatA hai| se tIna mIla kI dUrI para pAzApurI nAmaka grAma meM solaha vidyA deviyo meM prasiddha acyutA kI yahA se zAtinAtha kI pratimA surakSita hai / satapur3A parvata zreNiyoM upalabdha kAle sleTI prastara kI isa pratimA meM devI ko ke mire ke nikaTa nimAr3a ke maidAna meM sthita Una nAmaka azvArUta dikhAyA gayA hai / yaha pratimA 5'4" laMbe eva grAma meM sthita jaina mandiro me jaina dharma kI bhaneka sundara 3'7" caur3e pASANa phalaka para ubhArI gaI hai| do hAyo mUrtiyAM sthApita hai| kendrIya saMgrahAlaya, iMdaura meM paramAra se namaskAra mudrA kI prajJapti va dAye hAtha meM khaDga tapA yugIna bhaneka jaina pratimAye surakSita hai| brAhmaNa mUrtiyo (zeSa pRSTha 13 para)
Page #14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ paMca parameSThI aura NamokAra maMtra DA0 premasAgara jaina, bar3auta arihanta, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ko vaha sUtra hai.---"Namo arihantANaM" mantra / usameM paMca parameSThI paca parameSThI kahate hai| jaina zAsana unakI mahimA se ko samAna rUpa me namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| mantra hone ke samanvita hai| unhe adhiSThAtR deva mAnA jAtA hai| sAdhu kAraNa yahA~ namaskAra kA artha hai -sAkSAt karanA / tabhI se marihanta taka kA krama uttarottara adhikAdhika prAtma- mantra kI sArthanA hai| sAkSAta kA artha hai-anubhUti kI zuddhi kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| siddha ke pUrNa pAvana hone gaharAiyoM meM spaSTa darzana / para bhI, lokopakAra kI dRSTi se arihanta ko prathama jana paramaga me yaha mantra, muSTi kI bhAMti hI anAsthAna prApta hayA hai| pATho karmoM ko jItane se siddhoM ko dinidhana mAnA jAtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne 14 pUrvo pUrNa zAzvata prAtma-sukha prApta ho jAtA hai / ve "loyagaNi- kI vidyA apane gaNavaro ko svayaM pradAna kI thii| pUrva vAsiNo", "loyasiMharatyo" aura "lokatrayazikharapurI. vidyA kA artha hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra se pahale kI vidyA, vAsinaH" kahalAte hai| isake viparIta, arihanta kevala jo zravaNa kara-karake satata calI pA rahI thii| ho sakatA cAra ghAtiyAM karmoM kA kSaya kara pAte hai| ataH cAra avA- hai ki tIrthakara pAzvanAtha ke samaya meM bhI 14 pUrva pahale se tiyA kamI ke cukane taka unhe isa saMsAra me rukanA hotA pAI haI vidyA ke rUpame pratiSThita hoN| jo kucha ho, 14 pUrta hai| isa bIca unhe samavazaraNa ko bibhUti prApta ho jAtI meM eka pUrva thA-vidyAnuvAda / usakA prArambha NamokAra hai aura usake mAdhyama se ve apanI divya dhvani kA pramAra / mantra se havA thA, arthAt paMca parameraThI ke namaskAra se humA karate hai, jisase saMsAra kA bhalA hotA hai| jainAcAryA ne thaa| vidyAnuvAda eka adbhata mantragrantha thaa| prAja vaha jAgatika upakAra ko hI mukhyatA dI hai, isI kAraNa siddha hA mukhyatA dI hai| isI kAraNa siddha vinuna mAnA jAtA hai, kintu kahA jAtA hai ki usakI se pUrva parihanta ko mAnyatA milI hai| isI sandarbha me bikharI sAmagrI kA saMkalana mani sukumAra sena (7vI 'SaT khaNDAgama' kA eka uddharaNa mahatvapUrNa hai zatI IgavI) ke vidyAnuzAmana meM huA hai| "asatyahatyAptAgamapadArbhAvagamo na bhavevasmadAdInAM, vidyAnuzAsana kI hastalikhita prati jayapura aura saMjAtazcaitad pramAdAvityupakArApekSayA ajamera ke zAstra-bhaNDAro meM maujUda hai| zrI mohanalAla vAdAhannamaskAraH kriyate / " / bhagavAnadAsa jhAverI ne aitihAsika dRSTi se jaina mantra isakA artha hai ki yadi grahanta na hote to hama ko zAratra kA prArambha ImA se 850 varSa pUrva, arthAt tIrthakara prAptAgama meM kahe hue padArthoM kA pravagama na ho paataa| pAzrvanAtha ke samaya me svIkAra kiyA hai / jhAverI kI isa mahanto ke prasAda ke kAraNa hI hama prAmANika zruta ko prApta mAnyatA ke sambandha me DA0 pAltekara ne likhA hai|kr sake hai, ata: unhe Adi me namaskAra karanA ucita "Mr. Jhaveri thinks that Mantrashastra among the Jains is also of hoary antiquity. ___ yadyapi prAsmazuddhi kI dRSTi se sAdhu sabase nIce hai He claims that its antiquity goes back to the bhaura giddha sabase Upara, kintu jainAcAryoM ne pAMcoM ko days of parsuvnatha, the 23rd Tirthankata, samAna rUpa se vandanIya kahA hai| zAyada yahI kAraNa who fiourished about 850 B. C." hai ki pAMcoM kA samgumphana eka hI sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai| upalabdha purAtAtvika AdhAra para NamokAra mantra kA
Page #15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ paMca parameSThI aura NamokAra maMtra prAcInatama ullekha hAthIkA zilAlekha meM prApta hotA hai / usakI prathama paMkti hai --"namo arahaMtAnaM ||nmo samidhAnaM / / / " zrI bI0 e0 smitha ne apane prasiddha graMtha "Early History of India" me ima zilAlekha kA nirmAtA kalagAdhipati samrAT khAravela ko IsA se 170 varSamAnA hai| jahA~ taka niti sAhitya kA sambandha hai pAcArya danta bhUtanikA paNDAna same pahalA graMtha hai, jisakA zrArambha NamokAra mantra ke maMgalAcaraNa se hamA hai / paTkhaNDAgama zrI vIrasenAcArya kI saMskRta TIkA ke mAtha, DA0 zrI hIrAlAla jaina ke sampAdana meM, amarAvatI se vi0 saM0 1966 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| bhUtabali kA samaya IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai / NamokAra mantra apUrvazakti kA pratIka hai| usake uccAraNa meM, dhyAna me dahanovika vaibhava to milate hI hai. pAralaukika giddhi bhI prApta hotI hai| bhadrabAhu ne 'ubasamAhara stotta' meM likhA hai - 'sammate laDhe citaamnnikpvaayvmbhhie| pArvati praviNa jIvA parAmaraM ThANaM || tuha artha - pacanamaskAra maMtra se cintAmaNi aura kalpavRkSa se bhI adhika mahatvazAlI samyagdarzana prApta hotA hai, jisake kAraNa jIva ko mokSa milatA hai / zrAcArya kundakunda ko vizvAsa hai ki maMtra se bhava-bhava sukha prApta hotA hai| unakA tAtparya kevala ihalaukika sukha se hI nahI apitu pAlaukika sukha se bhI hai| unakA kathana hai hA siddhArthAriyA uvajhAyA sAhU paMcaparameTTi / eve paMca govArA bhave bhave mama / / artha - arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu arthAt pacaparameSThi mujhe bhava-bhava me sukha devebhaya bhava lagA dene se ihalaukika sukha svataH hI prAbhAsita hotA hai aura sukha kA vAstavika artha to prAtmabrahma kA paramAnanda hai hii| prAcArya devanandi pUjyavAda ne NamokAra mantra ko prathama khaa| unhoMne spaSTa svIkAra kiyA hai ki yaha saba pApoM ko naSTa karane vAlA hai aura jIvoM kA kalyANa karane meM pUrNa rUpa se sakSama hai- eSa paMcanamaskAraH sarvapApapraNAzinaH / maMgalA va prathamaM maMgalaM bhavet // #t muni vAdirAja (11vIM zatAbdI vikrama) ne ekIbhAva stotra meM likhA hai- "jaba pApAcArI kuttA bhI mokAra maMtra ko sunakara deva ho gayA, taba yaha nizcita hai ki usa maMtra kA jApa karane vAlA indra zrI ko prApta kara hI sakatA hai|" zrI jinaprabhari ne pacaparameSThinamaskAra kalpa" me likhA hai- 'isa maMtra kI prArAdhanA karane vAle yogijana triloka ke uttama pada ko prApta kara lete hai / yahA~ taka ho nahIM. mahasroM pApo kA sampAdana karane vAle paura ko jantuoM kI hatyA karane vAle tiyaMca bhI isa mantra kI bhakti se svarga meM pahuMca jAte haiN| unakA kathana etameva mahAyantraM samArAdhyeha yoginaH / trilokvA'pi mahoyante'dhigatAH paramapadam // kRtvA pApasahasrANi hatvA jantuzatAni ca / pramaM mantra samArAdhya tiyaMco'pi divaMgataH || janAvApoM ne samokAra mantra kI gati ko devatA kahA hai| usameM AdhyAtmika zrAdhibhautika aura zrAdhidaivika sono hI prakAra kI zaktiyA~ samiti hai ve moha ke durgamana ko rokane me pUrNa rUpa se samartha hai stambhaM durgamanaM prati prayatato mohasya sammohanam / pApAtpaMcanamastriyAmayI sapanA devatA / / isa maMtra kI vizeSatA hai pAca ko eka sthAna para samaveta karanA | pAca kA samaveta rUpa ho mantra hai| yadi inameM se eka bhI haTA diyA jAye to yaha mantra zaktihIna ho jaayegaa| yaha zrAtmazuddhi kA eka samgumphita hara hai| sIr3hI ke krama meM yadi eka bhI kama kara dI jAye to Upara jAna kA mArga bhaMga ho jAtA hai| isa sIr3hI me pAca zrAdhAra hai aura pAco pranivArya / grahanta aura siddha jitane anivArya hai utana hI sAdhu bhIma kI dRSTi sabhI samarUna me mUlyavAna hai, arthAt mantra kI siddhi pAco ke rAma rUpa meM hai, pRthanakaraNa meM nahIM yahA~ kisI eka ma brahmakti kendrita nahIM hai / "eko brahma" se hI loka meM
Page #16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 12, varSa 32, ki0 1-2 bhanekAnta sarvasattA sampanna "rAjA" kA prAdurbhAva humaa| duniyAvI "paMcabrahmamayamantraH sakalIkRtya niSkalam / paraM tatvamanudhyArAjA apane ko brahma kA ekamAtra pratinidhi kahane lge| yan yogI svAda brahmatatva vit / ' arthAt jo yogI pacausara rAjA ne kisI ko apanA sira Upara nahI uThAne namaskAra mantra ke dvArA paramatatva paramAtmA kA dhyAna diyaa| eka brahma ke ekamAtra pratinidhi isa rAjA nAma ke karatA hai, vahI brahmatatva ko jAna pAtA hai| prAcArya jIva ne sArI duniyA ko sisaka-sisaka kara jIne para zubhacandra kA 'jJAnArNava' meM kathana hai ki pacaparameSThI kI vivaza kara diyA aura vaha bhAgyavAda ke jhAMse me aisI phaMsI stuni karane se hI nitya paramAnanda prApta hotA hai / 'upaki prAja taka ubara nahI paayii| jainAcAryoM ne na to brahma dezaramAyanarAma' meM zrI jinadattamUri ne kahA hai ki jo pratiko eka mAnA aura na usake pratinidhi kI kalpanA hI dina paMcAmeSThiyo kA smaraNa karatA hai, usakI dhArmika kii| usane lokatantra ko preraNA dii| icchAyo ko zAsana devatA prasanna hokara pUrA karate hai-- pacaparameSThI namaskAra matra para anekAneka gratho pora niccu vi sugaru devapayamataha, paNaparamiTThi saraMtahu saMtahaM / stuti-stotro kI racanA hotI rhii| ImA kI chaThI sAsaNasura pAnna te bhambaI, dhammiyakajja pasAhahi savaI / zatAbdI ke zrI vidyAnanda pAtrakezarI ne 'bahatpacanamaskAra ima vivecana meM sapaSTa hai ki jainAcArya saiddhAntika dRSTi se stotra' aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke zrI jinaprabhasUri na pacaparameSThI ko anAdikAlIna mAnate hai / aitihAsika 'paMcaparameSThiyanamaskAra kalpa' jaise bar3e-baDe stotro pora dRSTi meM unakI mAnyatA ke pramANa IsA se 850 varSa pUrva kalpo kI racanA kii| prAkRta bhASA me prAcArya kundakunda taka ke milana hai| isakA artha hayA ki tIrthakara mahAvIra ne "dazabhakti" kI racanA kI thii| pacagurupro ke caraNI ke pahale se hI pacaparameSThI ke caraNo meM zraddhA-puSpa car3hAye meM apane bhAva sumana car3hAte hue unhone likhA hai - jAte the / purAtAtvika rUpa se samrAT khAravela kA zilA. jhAyavi paMcavi gurave magalacausaraNa loypriyrie| lekha unakA mAnastambha hI hai| isa sabake bIca unakI jarasurakheyaramahie bhArAhaNNAyare bore // prAcInatA nivivAda aura prAmANika hai| jahA taka Aja artha-paMcaparameSThI uttama hai, vIra hai, nara-sura tathA unakI mAnyatA kA sambandha hai, vaha sArvabhauma hai-jaisI vidyAdharoM se pUjya hai / sasAra ke dukhAbhibhUta prANiyo ke zvetAmbaroM me, vaisI hI digambaro meN| koI taratamAMza nahI lie ve hI ekamAtra zaraNa hai| unakA svabhAva maMgatarUpa hai| ve ekatA ke pratIka haiM, prata. prAja bhI bikharAva ko sameTakara eka sUtra meM bAdhane kI uname kSamatA hai| mAlA ke prAkRta kA hI eka anya graMtha hai--bhagavatI paaraadhnaa| TUTe motI phira eka mAlA ke rUpa me sajAye jA sakate hai, racayitA the prasiddha prAcArya zivAryakoTi / unhoMne likhA yadi jaina loka pavaparameSTI ko sArvabhaumikatA para dhyAna hai-"jo puruSa paMcaparameSThI meM bhakti nahIM karatA, usakA hai| saMyama dhAraNa karanA. Usara kheta me bIja bone ke samAna sAhitya ke pRSTho para sUkSma bhAvanAmoM taka ke raMga hai| paMcaparameSThI kI bhakti ke binA yadi koI apanI nirdhArita kie gae hai, to vahAM paMcaparameSThI ke rago kI mArAdhanA cAhatA hai, to vaha aisA hI hai, jaise bIja ke bhI bAta milii| jaina gratha 'bRhadravya saMgraha" me pAca mUla binA dhAnya kI icchA karanA aura bAdala ka binA pAnI varNa mAne gaye hai-zvetapItanIlAruNakRSNasajJAH caahnaa| pacavarNAH / " iname zveta raga kSANalezyA aura pUrNa mAtmatesi mArAhaNNA, yagANa Na karejja jo Naroti / zuddhi kA pratIka hai / lezyA aura karmoM ke kSINa ho jAna tti pi sajama to, sAli so Usare kvadi / 53 / / para hI prAtmA nitAnta pAvana, anantadarzana, jJAna bhora bIeNa viNA sassaM, icchadi so vAsamabhaeNaM vinnaa|| bala-yukta ho pAtI hai| lAla raga magala kA dyotaka hai, zAyava pArAyaNachintA, pArAbhaktibhakara to / / 54 / / isI kAraNa vivAhAdi ke avasaroM para lAla vastra dhAraNa bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne mahApurANa meM likhA hai- karanA saubhAgya kA cihna samajhA jAtA hai| prAkRta kA
Page #17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ paMca parameSThI aura NamokAra maMtra 13 ina do paMktiyoM se yahI artha spaSTa hotA hai vistRta aura vyApaka ho / prAkAza niHsIma hai, vaha kisI seva vaNNo jhANaM lessA ya sesakammaM ca / sImA meM baMdhatA nhiiN| sAdhu bhI koI gherA nahIM pAhANaM ihi loe sumaMgalaM sedavaNotu // mAnatA / vaha mukta hotA hai, nitAnta mukta bhaura unmukta / ~paMcAstikAya, prathamakhaNDa, paSTha 6 ghirAva sakoNatAha Ara usa ghirAva saMkIrNatA hai aura usase sAmpradAyikatA janma letI 'mAnasAra' sthApatya eva mUrtikalA kA suprasiddha atha hai| sAdhu prasAmpradAyika hotA hai, vyApaka aura udAramanA / - / isakI racanA pAMcavIM zatI me haI thii| imame paMca- isa gratha meM kevala ragoM kA hI nahIM, apitu UcAI kA parameSThI kI mUrtiyoM kA raga nirdhArita kiyA mayA hai| bhI vivecana hai| lekhaka kA kathana hai ki pacaparameSThI kI paMcaparameSThI meM pratyeka kA pRthaka raga hai / prahanta mphaTika matiyAM 10 tAla pramANa UcI honI caahie| UMcAI maNi ke samAna zvetAbha, siddha maruNAbha, prAcArya pItAbha, urva kI dyotaka hai| jaina paramparA me Urdhva kA vistata upAdhyAya zasya-zyAmala evaM sAdhu nabhastala ke samAna vivecana milatA hai| ve paktiyAM haiMnIlAbha hai / yahA upAdhyAya kA zasya zyAmala raMga sAbhi- sphaTikazveta raktaM ca pItazyAmanibhaM tthaa| prAya hai / pRthvI zasya-zyAmalA kahI jAtI hai| siddha dizca sugamyAca janaM cAhantu pAzrvakam / dhAnya ko laharAtI bAleM aura usase suzobhita etatpaMcaparameSThipaMcavaNaM yathAkramam / dharaNI mA~, vaise hI zasya-zyAmala hai upAdhyAya parameSThI / uttam vazatAlena devAMgassaha mAnayet // sasAra ke prANiyo ke prati mamatA se bharA hRdaya aura unhe artha-prarahanta kA varNa sphaTika ke samAna zveta, siddha kA rakta-lAla, prAcArya kA pIta-pIlA, upAdhyAya kA akSara rUpI ghAnya se prANavanta banAne kA adampa utsAha, zyAmala pora sAdhu kA nabhastala jaisA hotA hai| inakI upAdhyAya kA apanA sahaja svabhAva hai / isI kAraNa unakA pratibhA 10 nAla pramANa arthAt 120 bhAga (zilpazAstra zasya-zyAmala raga sArthaka hai / yadi pRthvI zarIra kA poSaNa ke anusAra) UcI honI caahie| unake pAvaM meM anya karatI hai to upAdhyAya mana aura mastiSka kA / sAdhu ko 1 upAdhyAya mana prAra mastiSka kaa| sAdhu ko devoM kI mUrtiyoM kA honA bhI prAvazyaka hai| nabhastala ke samAna nIlavarNa diyA gayA hai, vaha ucita hI adhyakSa, hindI vibhAga, digambara jaina kAleja, bar3auta haiN| sAdhu vahI hai jisakA dRSTikoNa nabha ke samAna (jilA meraTha) 000 (pR. 6 kA zeSAza) bAye meM vajra hai| nIce ke abhilekha meM saMvata 1226 utkIrNa me eka bizAla jaina mandira hai, jisame aneka mUrtiyAM hai| yahA ko pramkha pratimA yahAM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI hai| yahAM se upalabdha anya pratimAyeM padamAvatI va ambikA sArAza yaha hai ki paramAra rAjavaza ke yazasvI kI hai| ye kramazaH pArzvanAtha aura neminAtha kI yakSiNI samrATo ke kAla meM jaina dharma ko caramotkarSa para pahuMcane deviyAM hai| yahAM tIrthakara pratimAyeM bhI pracara mAtrA me kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| isakA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki upalabdha huI hai| upalabdha sabhI pratimAno ko 10vI se bhAgavata dharma ke anuyAyI hona ke bAvajUda unhoMne jaina 13vI sadI ke madhya rakhA jA sakatA hai| ina pratimAo dhama ke prati na kevala udAra dRSTikoNa apanAyA, balki para mAlavA ke paramAra mUrti zilpa ko spaSTa chApa hai| unaka kAna meM aneka jana mandiroM kA nirmANa humA aura prASTA se paramAra-yugIna aneka jana pratimAe prakAza jaina dharma ke unnayana meM unhone gaharI abhiruci bhI vyakta meM pAyI haiN| yahAM ke durga (kile) se jo mUrtiyA ko| 000 upalabdha huI hai uname pAzvanAtha, candaprabha tathA RSabhanAtha prAdhyApaka, gavarnamenTa DigrI kAleja, kI savata 1224 kI pratimAyeM pramukha hai| kile ke madhya DiNDorI (maMDalA) madhya pradeza
Page #18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAdi jina, ziva evaM zaiva paramparA zrI munIzacandra jozI, naI dillI jaina aura brAhmaNa paramparAyeM bhAratIya mUla kI hone para bhI hai (evaM) kezI hI jyotisvarUpa (jJAna ke teja se prakAzaparaspara maulika rUpa me minna hai| ina donoM vicArapAyayo mAna) kahe jAte hai| kezI kA yaha varNana jaina mAnyatAmo meM, inake dArzanika tatvo ke pRthakatva ke sAtha-sAtha, pradhAna se bahuta dUra nahIM hai, aura ise aAdi jina me sambaddha antara hai inake prAdoM kI kalpanA meM / jaina dharma manuSya mAnanA ucita hI lagatA hai| bhagavAna Rpabha kA brAhmaNI ko devatA se zreSTha mAnatA hai aura manuSyatva kA hI carama paramparAmo meM UcA sthAna hai| unhe bhAgavatAdi pUgaNa viSNa vikasita rUpa jitva me dekhatA hai aura kaivalya dvArA prANi / ke caubIma avatAroM meM ginate hai| anya brAhmaNa pugaNoM meM mAtra ke lie khulA hai| kintu brAhmaNa paramparAgro me bhI unakI gaNanA mahApuruSo meM huI hai| brahmANDapurANa unheM brahmANDa ke niyantA ke rUpa meM Izvara kI sthiti sarvopari zreStama nareza (pArthiva zreSTha) tathA sabhI kSatriyo ke mala. hai aura vahAM taka pahuMca pAnA hI upAsaka kA uccatama lakSya puruSa ke rUpa meM (marvakSa trasya pUrvajam ) ullikhita karatA hai| sAtha hI devayoni manuSya yoni se zreSThatara avasthA hai| brAhmaNa paramparA unake mahAyogI evaM manirATa ke ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| gvarUpa meM bhI paricita hai| tabhI to 'yogavAziSTa' ke ____ itanA saba kucha hona para bhI jana dharma evaM brAhmago lekhaka ne rAma ke mukha se kahalavAyA hai-- vicAradhArA se anuprerita sampradAyo ne eka dUsare ko nAha rAmo na ne vAJchA bhAveSa na ca me manaH / prabhAvita kiyA hai| vidvAnoM ne isa viSaya para kAphI zAntabhAsitumicchAmi svAtmanIva jino yathA / / vivecana kiyA hai / isalie hama isa lekha meM kevala isa prakAra arthAt (rAma apane lie kahate hai) na to mai abhirAma ke sAMskRtika evaM dArzanika pAdAna-pradAna ke sarvAdhika hUM, na maiM icchA mukta hUM (kintu ) maiM sarvamayI jina kI bhAMti mahattvapUrNa pakSa para puna: vicAra karanA caahege| yaha mahatva (zAzvata ) zAnti prApta karanA cAhatA hai|' pUrNa pakSa hai : Adi tIthaMkara bhagavAna RSabha ke svarUpa kA kintu RSabhanAtha ke punIta svarUpa kA dUsarA pakSa hai brAhmaNa paramparAgro para prabhAva / unakA bhagavAna zakara se sAdRzya / zivapurANakAra ne isakA ___DA. hIrAlAla prabhatti vidvAnoM ne Rgveda ke kucha anumodana karate hue unheM ziva kA avatAra kahA hai : maMtroM meM kezI paura RSabha ke nAma se prAdi jina sambandhI itthaprabhAvaRSabho'vatArazaMkarasya me| sandarbha dekhe hai / DA0 hIrAlAla jaina ke anumAra to sambha- satAM gatirdInabandhu vamakathitastu naH // vataH RgvedIya jano me kezo, arthAt RSabha vAta razanA --zi0 purANa 1-41 maniyoM ke pradhAna ke rUpa meM mAnya the| unhone isa sambandha zaMkara mora RSabha donoM jaTAdhArI hai, yogI haiM, dharmame Rgveda kI nimnastha RcA kA ullekha kiyA hai: zAstA hai tathA kailAza eva vRSabha se ghaniSTha rUpa se sambaddha kezyagni kezI viSaM keSI vibhati rodsii| hai tathA digambaratva bhI zaMkara kA eka lakSaNa hai| yahI nahIM kezI vizvaM svadaze kezIdaM jyotirucyate // varan zava tathA zAkta paramparAgro meM mAdiguru tathA Aga Rgveda 10, 136-1 mAdi ke sarvaprathama upadeSTA ke rUpa meM zaMkara ko prAvinAtha prarthAta 'kezI (RSabha) agni, jala, svarga tathA pRthvI kI saMjJA se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| zAktatatroM meM svaguru ko dhAraNa karate hai' samasta vizva ke tattvo kA darzana karAte ko zrInAtha kahA gayA hai|
Page #19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAvi jina, ziva evaM zeSa paramparA zarIra me guru kI sthiti sahasrAra meM mAnI gayo hai diyA jA sakatA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne zivapUjA kA mUla. (mahasrAre mahApadma karadhavalo guru) / jaina deva prati- pa mindhu saMskRti ke avazeSoM meM mAnA hai, parantu yaha kevala mAno ke mukuTa yA mukuTa ke Upara prakita laghu jinavimba manumAna mAtra hai, kinhI Thosa pramANo para prAta nhiiN| zAyada tIrthakara kA gurutva hI darzAtA hai| lagatA hai ki hAla me vikhyAta purAvid DA0 haMsamukha dhIrajalAla prAcArya jinasena RSabha evaM ziva ke samAna lakSaNoM se sAkaliyA ne sindhu sabhtatA ke kucha sthaloM se prApta liMgAavAta the| tabhI to unhone apane jina sahasranAma kA kRti pattharoM ke zivaliGga hone meM pUrNa zakA vyakta kii| prArambha ina zabdoM se kiyA hai : vaidika sAhitya vizeSakara yajurveda me zaMva sampradAya zrImAn svayambhUvRSabha: zambhava. shmmraatmbhuuH| kA mUla vidyamAna hai, kintu paravartI paurANika zaiva mata svaya prabhaH prabhubhoktA vizvabharapurnabhavaH // 2 // se yaha kAphI alaga hai| aitihAsika yuga meM zaivamata ke isa prakAra kI pratidhvani vappaTTi sUri kRta zAradA. punarutthAna kA zreya lakulIza nAmaka mAhezvarAcArya ko snotra meM bhI milatI hai : diyA jAtA hai| lakuzIla pAzupata sampradAya kA janmadAtA jinptiprthitaakhilvaangmyaa| thA aura usakA uddezya pazu (jIva) kI rAgAtmaka gaNadharAnana maNDapanartakI // pravRttiyoM (pAza) kA uccheda kara use mokSamArgI banAnA gurumgvAmbujakhelanahaMsikA / thA / prAzupata mata se hI kAlAntara me anya zaiva sampradAya vijayate jagati zranadevatA // 3 // tathA zAkta vicAradhArA kA vikAsa hupaa| itihAsakAro sambhavana jaina paramparA meM sarasvatI (zAradA=zruta- ne vividha pramANo ke AdhAra para lakulIza ko eka aitidevatA) kI kalpanA jinavANI ke rUpa me kAphI pahale se hAsika puruSa mAnA hai aura usakI tithi IsavI san ke kI gaI thii| isakA pramANa mathurA (kakAlI TIlA) se prArambha ke Asa-pAsa sthira kI hai| mathurA lakulIzaprApta kuSANa kAlIna jaina sarasvatI kI lekhAGkita pratimA pAzupata prAcAryoM kA prArambhika kAla me mukhya kendra thaa| hai| yaha abhI taka prApta sarasvatI kI mUrtiyo me se isakI puSTi mathurA ke hI eka guptakAlIna abhilekha, prAcInatama hai| isameM utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra, isa pratimA se hotI hai jisame pAzupata guru-paramparA kA ullekha hai| kA dAna dhAnukAra gova ne vAcaka (ghamaM-vyAkhyAtA) prArya isa sandarbha me yaha batAnA upayukta hI hogA ki hastahastina ke ziSya vAcaka prAyyaM deva kI prArthanA para pAzupata mata kI sthApanA ke pUrva hI mathurA jaina dharma kA kiyA thaa| guptayugIna saMskRta koza 'nAmaliGgAnuzAsa- uttara bhArata meM eka pradhAna kendra bana cukA thA; to kyA nam' yA amarakoza me sarasvatI ko vANI yA bhASA kA yaha sambhava nahIM thA ki vaha jaina mAnyatApro aura vizvAso paryAya mAnA hai aura kAlAntara me zAkta upAsako ne devI se prabhAvita ho| lakulIza pAzupatoM ne ziva ko eka ko zabdabrahmamayI kahA (zabdabrahmamayI parAtparamayI jyo- anaThe rUpa meM prastuta kiyA thaa| yaha thA ziva kA zAstA tirmayI vaangmyii)| abhinavagupta ne to yahAM taka kaha yA guru rUpa / isI rUpa meM zakara ne bhAgamAdi zAstroM kA DAlA hai ki 'he devI sasAra me kauna mI dhvani (vAGmaya) udghoSa kiyA thaa| catumukha liGga ziva kA yahI rUpa tumhArI stuti nahI hai kyoki tumhAga sampUrNa zarIra hI darzAte hai aura ziva liGga kA yaha svarUpa mathurA kI zabdamaya hai (taba ca kA kila na stutirambike ! sakala prAcIna catujina yukta sarvatobhadrikA pratimAno se prerita zabdamayI kila te tanuH) / hai| catu:jina saMghAra zAyada mUlataH mAnastambho ke zIrSa ke prazna uThatA hai ki kyA brAhmaNa paramparAmro kA isa rUpa meM sthita the aura zAyada inhe punIta jinavANI ke prakAra kA vikAsa jaina vicAradhArA se kisI prakAra cahika prasAra kA pratIka marat caturdika prasAra kA pratIka mAnA gayA thaa| stambha yA prabhAvita hai yA nahIM ? isa prazna kA uttara zaiva sampradAya daNDa ziva kA bhI pratIka kahA gayA hai| yahI nahI svayaM ke aitihAsika vikAsa kA vivecana karane ke bAda hI (zeSa pR0 21 para)
Page #20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jainadharma : udbhava aura vikAsa - DA. ravIndra jaina, madrAsa jaina dharma vizva ke pramukha evaM prAcIna dharmoM meM apanA yAkobI ne apanI prasiddha pustaka ke navama bhAga me spaSTa mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| bIsavI zatI ke prathama caraNa likhA hai--pArzvanAtha jainadharma ke saMsthApaka the, isakA koI paryaMta aneka paurvAtya eva pAzcAtya vidvAna isa dharma ko bhI pramANa nahI hai| jaina paramparA prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhahindU dharma kI eka sudhAravAdI zAkhA ke rUpa meM svIkAra deva ko jainadharma kA sasthApaka mAnane me ekamata hai|' karate the| isakI aitihAsikatA ko bhI zramaNa mahAvIra vizvavikhyAta dArzanika DA. rAdhAkRSNana ne bhI se padhika prAcIna nahIM mAnate the| dUsarI pora anya dharmA- apanI prakhyAta pustaka 'bhAratIya darzana" me spaSTa likhA valambiyoM ke samAna jaina dharmAnuyAyI vidvAna aneka hai --'ni mandeha jaina dharma vardhamAna aura pArzvanAtha se bhI vizvAsamUlaka eva paurANika tarkoM ke prAdhAra para jainadharma pahane pracalita thaa| yajurveda meM RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha aura ko pranAdyananta bhI siddha karate cale pA rahe the| prAcInatA ariSTanemi ina tIna tIrthakaroM ke nAmo kA nirdeza hai| meM mahAnatA dekhanA mAnava mAtra ko saMskArI pravRtti hai bhAgavata purANa dvArA bhI isa bAta kA samarthana hotA hai bhora bhArata me to yaha carama para rahI hai| ki RSabhadeva jainadharma ke sasthApaka the|' pAja aitihAsika eva vaijJAnika anusaMdhAna kAryoM ke Rgveda me vAtarazanA maniyoM paura kezI se sambaphalasvarUpa aneka prAmANika pariNAma sAmane pAye hai| ndhita kathAyeM bhI jainadharma kI prAgaitihAsika prAcInatA kA ina pariNAmoM kA zreya mUlataH pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ko hai| puSkala pramANa prastuta karatI hai| RSabhadeva aura kezI kA prastuta nibandha me ukta tathyoM ke prAloka me jainadharma ko sAtha-sAtha ullekha bhI isI prAcInatA kA dyotaka hai| prAcInatA eva paramparA kA anusadhAna prastuta kiyA gayA vaidika sAhitya me muniyo ke mAtha yatiyoM aura vrAtyo kA hai| prAcya vidyAoM ke vizvavikhyAta anusandhAtA DA0 varNana paryApta mAtrA me prApta hotA hai| ye tIno mUlataH harmana yAkovI ne apanI jaina sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM jainadharma zramaNa paramparA ke hI hai| inake mAcaraNa bhora svabhAva kI prAcInatA para paryApta Thosa pramANa prastuta kiye hai| me tathA vaidika RSiyo ke sAmAnya svabhAva aura prAcaraNa unake abhimata kA sAra hai :-'isa tathya se aba saba saha- me jo vyApaka mantara hai, vaha sahaja hI spaSTa dRSTigocara mata haiM ki vardhamAna buddha ke samakAlIna the| svaya bauddha hotA hai| prAhAra, tapa aura yajJAdi kI hiMsAtmaka yA pranyoM meM isa bAta ke pramANa hai ki zramaNa mahAvIra se pUrva zithila pravRtti me zramaNa sAdhu vizvAsa nahIM rakhate the / jaina yA mAhaMta dharma vidyamAna thA aura mahAvIra isake ye svabhAvataH adhika zAnta aura sayamI the| saMsthApaka the aisA koI bhI ullekha bauddha granthoM meM prApta isa vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki jainadharma pratyanta nahIM hotA hai|' prAcIna hai| itihAsa bhI abhI taka usake samaya kA pUrNa jainadharma kI prAcInatA para jarmana vidvAna DA0 harmana nizcaya nahI kara sakatA hai| aisI avasthA me hameM purANoM "There is no doubt that Jainism prevai- Ajitnath and Aristnemi. The Bhagvat led even before Vardhmana or Parswa- Purana endorses the view that Rishabha nath. The Yajurveda mentions the was the founder of Jainism."--Indian names of three Tirthankars Rishabhanath, philosophy, Vol. V, P. 288.
Page #21
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jainadharma: udabhava aura vikAsa paura loka mAnyatAmoM kA prAzraya lenA par3atA hai / purANa bhami kI vyavasthA mArambha huii| jyoM-jyoM bhogya vastayoM paura janazrati kevala umaga pora bhAvukatA kI upaja nahIM kA prabhAva bar3hatA gayA, mAnava me saMyamabatti, hora pora hai| uname itihAsa ke jar3a satya, bhautika satya prari ghaTanA IrSyA bhI bar3hane lgii| isI ke pariNAma svarUpAta cakke matahI stara ko pAra kara jIvana prora usake rasa kA sabhyatA kA vikAsa hpaa| mAdAna-pradAna, zrama, bAjAra, bhItara se dekhane aura cakhane kI advitIya kSamatA hotI hai| nAtA-riztA, daNDa vyavasthA prAdi kA krama praayaa| phira mAtA-riztA TA jaina paramparA : bhI yaha saba atyanta prArambhika avasthA hI thii|maaj kI jaina paramparA ke anusAra yaha dRSyamAna jagata sadA nagara-mabhyatA se isakI tulanA nahIM kI jA sktii| kAlacakra meM niyantrita rahatA hai / isa kAlacakra ke do kalpa ukta caudaha kulakaroM me antima kulakara nAbhirAya mAne gaye hai| ye cha: bhAgo me vibhakta hai| sukhamA sukhamA, hue| ye hA bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke pitA the / pAdi tIrthakara RSabhadeva se hI karmabhami vyavasthA kA saccA, naitika evaM sukhamA, sukhamA-dukhamA, dukhamA-sukhamA, dukhamA-dukhamA / jisa prakAra gADI kA pahiyA Upara se nIce aura nIce se vaijJAnika mUtrapAta huaa| pApa-puNya, dharma-adharma, sukha-dukha, hisA-ahiMsA mAdi kA jJAna mahAzramaNa mAdinAtha ne hI Upara ghUmatA rahatA hai, usI prakAra yaha kAlacakra bhI ghUmatA / samasta vizva ko kraayaa| prataH pUrva kulakaroM ke dvArA rahatA hai, arthAt jagata eka bAra sukha se dukha kI ora jAtA hai aura dUsarI bAra dugva se sukha kI pora pAtA hai| sukha se prArambhika sthUla jIvana kriyA kA hI prArambha kiyA jA dugva kI ora jAne ko avasapiNIkAla kahate hai aura dukha se sakatA thaa| kulakaroM ke isa tRtIya kAla ke pazcAt sukha kI kora pAne ko utsapiNIkAla kahate hai| ina caturthakAla me jina saTha zalAkA puruSoM, arthAt gaNanIya mahAn puruSoM ne karmabhUmi kI sabhyatA kA vikAsa apane dono kalpoM kI avadhi lAkhoM varSoM kI hotI hai| lokottara caritra aura upadezoM dvArA kiyA, ve haiM--- ima mamaya dukhamA nAmaka paMcama avasarpiNIkAla cala 24 tIrthakara :-RSamadeva, ajitanAtha, sambhavanAya, rahA hai| abhinandana, sumatinAtha, padmaprabhu, supAzvanAtha, candraprabhu, purANoM me prArambha ke do kAlo ko bhogabhUmikAla kahA gayA hai| ina kAloM me aAdhunika grAma-sabhyatA yA puSpadanta, zAtalanAtha, zrayAsanAtha, vAsupUjya, vimalanAtha, nagara-sabhyatA nahIM thii| isa yuga meM kalpavRkSo se hI jIvana anantanAtha, dharmanAtha, zAMtinAtha, kuMthunAtha, arahanAtha, a. kI sArI grAvazyakatAyaM pUrI hotI thii| manuSya isa yuga mallinAtha, munisuvrata, naminAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha, me parivAra aura ghara jaisI cIjo se aparicita the| kRSi mahAvIra / prAdi kA RNa bhI usa kAla me nahI thaa| bhAI-bahina meM 12 cakravartI :-bharata, sagara, maghava, sanatakumAra, vivAha anAyAsa ho jAtA thaa| mAtA-pitA para santAna zAnti, kunthu, paraha, subhoma, padma, hariSeNa, jayasena, brahmakA koI uttamadAyitva na thaa| sadA yugala janma hotA datta / / thaa| ye dono bhAI-bahina dhIre-dhIre bar3e hokara pati- 6 valabhadra :-pracala, vijaya, bhadra, suprabha, sudarzana, patnI bana jAte the| mAtA-pitA kA inake bar3e hone meM prAnanda, nandana, padma, rAmacandra / koI hAtha na thaa| aMguSThacaSaNa prAdi kriyAno ke dvArA vAsudeva nArAyaNa :-tripuSTa, dviSaSTha, svayambha, ye dono 46 dino meM taruNa ho jAte the| isa samasta puruSottama, puruSasiMha, puruSapuNDarIka, datta, nArAyaNa, kRssnn| vyavasthA ko purANo meM bhogabhUmi vyavasthA kahA gathA hai| 6 prativAsudeva pratinArAyaNa :-prazvagrIva tAraka yaha vyavasthA sahasro lAkhoM varSa clii| phira tIsare kAla meraka, madhu, nizumbha, bali, prahalAda, rAvaNa, jarAsandha / meM yaha bhogami kI vyavasmA kramazaH kama hotI calI gii| jaina purANo me bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa usakI bhaugoisI tRtIya sugvamA dukhamA nAmaka kAla meM codaha kulakaro lika sthiti ke sadarbha ke sAtha vaNita hai| bhArata jamba. kA janma humA / ina kulakaro ke dvArA hI dhIre-dhIre karma- dvIpa ke dakSiNI bhAga meM sthita hai| isake uttara meM hima
Page #22
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 18, varSa 32, ki0 1.2 pranekAnta vAna parvata sthita hai aura madhya meM vijayAgha parvata / pUrva meM bhagavAna prAdinAtha ne sUdIrghakAla taka tapa kiyaa| gaMgA nadI bahatI hai aura pazcima meM sindhu ndii| isase aneka dussaha pariSaha sahe aura antata: kevalajJAna prApti uttara bhArata ke tIna khaNDa ho jAte haiN| dakSiNa bhArata me ke bAda sahasro varSoM taka prANImAtra ko mukti mArga kA bhI pUrva, madhya aura pazcima dizAmoM meM tIna khaNDa hai| sadupadeza dete rhe| purANoM meM bhArata ke ye hI chaha khaNDa vaNita hai jinhe jIta jisa prakAra RSabhadeva Adi tIrthakara hue, usI kara koI samrAT cakravartI upAdhi prApta karatA thaa| prakAra unake jyeSTha putra bharata prAdi cakravartI hue| bharata mAdi tIrghakara RSabhadeva :- ullekhita tremaTha zalAkA pratyanta parAkramI, dhairyazIla, suyogya nItijJa eva pratyanta puruSo me prAdi puruSa prAdi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva the| inhI caritravAna vyakti the| ve saMsAra me rahate samaya bhI sadA se jainadharma kA prArambha huaa| antima kulakara nAbhirAya jala meM kamala kI bhAti nilipta hI rhe| kabhI unhoMne paura unakI patnI marudevI hI inake pitA-mAtA the / bhArata cakravartI hone kA garva nahI kiyaa| jaina purANoM meM bAhukI prathama rAjadhAnI ikSvAkubhUmi-ayodhyA meM RSabhadeva kA balI ko vIratA aura svAbhimAna donoM kI bhUri-bhari janma humA thaa| apane mAtA-pitA kI mRtyu ke pazcAt sarAhanA kI gayI hai aura Aja taka janamAnasa para bhI RSabhanAtha rAjasiMhAsana para baitthe| unhone sarva prathama vahI chApa hai| bharata ke cakravartI pada ke prAgraha ke kAraNa prasi, masi, kRSi, zilpa, vANijya aura vidyA kA chaha dono bhAiyo meM yuddha huaa| bAhubalI vijayI hokara bhI mAjIvikA sAdhanoM ke rUpa meM sUtrapAta kiyaa| ina saMsAra se virakta hokara tapa karane cale gye| bAda meM sAdhanoM kI vidhivata zikSA bhI janatA ko vii| karma kI bharata ke kAraNa hI bAhubalI kA zalya dUra huyA aura unhe kSamatA mora yogyatA ke AdhAra para jAtiyoM kA suvi kevalajJAna prApta huaa| antataH bAhubali ne mukti prApta bhAjana bhI mAdinAtha ne kiyaa| prazAsana ke lie prApa kii| bharata cakravartI ne bhI dIrghakAla taka rAjasukha bhogA, ne gaNoM kI sthApanA kii| isase jana-jIvana meM vyavasthA suzAsana kiyA aura phira zramaNa dIkSA grahaNa kara tapa kA pArambha huaa| karate hue mukti prApta kii| bharata cakravartI nAma ke AdhAra bhagavAna prAdinAtha ke bharata aura bAhubali nAmaka para unakI mahAna smRti ko amara rakhane ke lie isa deza do prasiddha putra the| brAhmI aura sundarI nAma kI do kA nAma bhArata rakhA gyaa| putriyAM bhI thii| sarva prathama apanI ina santAno ko prAdinAtha ne sabhI kalAya aura vidyAyeM sikhAI, phira paramparA jaina purANo meM RSabhadeva ke pazcAt hae anya teIsa se ye sabhI samasta mAnava-jAti me phaila gii| tIrthakaroM kA vistRta jIvanavRtta pAyA jAtA hai| parantu ___ eka dina nIlAMjanA nAma kI rAjanartakI kI nRtya pratima cAra tIrthaMkaroM ke atirikta anya kisI ke tulakarate rAja-sabhA meM hI mRtyu ho gyii| isa ghaTanA se nAtmaka adhyayana kA koI prAdhAra aAja taka prApta nahI sasAra ko prasAratA aura kSaNabhaguratA kA tIbratama bodha ho sakA hai| ataH ina cAra kA arthAta nami, nemi, pAzvaMprAdinAtha ko huA / sasAra se unhone vairAgya le liyaa| nAtha aura mahAvIra kA yahA sakSepa meM ullekha karanA apane jyeSTha putra bharata ko rAjya-bhAra saupakara pApane saMgata hai| prAdinAtha ke samAna ina cAra tIrthakaro kA zramaNa dharma meM dIkSA grahaNa kI ora vizva ke sarva prathama janatara purANo evaM khanana kAryoM se paryApta havAlA milA mahAzramaNa bane / 1. mAdipurANa meM RSabhadeva kI mAyu 84 hajAra varSa mAja ke mAnava ko yaha avizvasanIya sA laga sakatA pUrva bhaura zarIra ko UcAI 600 dhanuSa batAI gayI hai| para Aja bhI aneka mAzcaryajanaka bAteM hotI haiN| hai / eka pUrva karor3o varSoM kA hotA hai aura eka prajana, bhIma aura hanumAna kA parAkama bhI to lokodhanuSa kI sAmAnya UcAI cAra hAtha kI hotI hai| ttara hI thaa|
Page #23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janadharma : udabhava aura vikAsa 19 tIrthakara nami: jIvana meM ahiMsaka vRtti kA aitihAsika paridhi ke aMtargata kIsaveM tIrthakara naminAya the| ye mithilA ke rAjA prApta hone vAlA uttama udAharaNa yaha hI hai| mahAbhArata the|hind purANo meM inhe rAjA janaka kA pUrvaja mAnA kA kAla IsA se lagabhaga 1000 varSa pUrva yA isase kucha gayA hai| nami pratyanta zAlI hote hue bhI anAsakta vRtti aura pahale mAnA jAtA hai| prataH neminAtha kA samaya bhI ke the| 'nami kI yahI anAsakta vRtti mithilA rAjavaza meM isI ke prAsapAsa svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| janaka taka pAI jAtI hai| pratIta hotA hai ki janaka ke kula tIrthakara pAzrvanAtha : kI isI prAdhyAtmika paramparA ke kAraNa vaha vaza tathA teIsaveM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI aitihAsikatA para to unake samasta pradeza videha arthAt deha se nimukta yA jIvana prAja paryApta pramANa prApta ho cuke hai| ve eka itihAsamukta kahalAyA aura unakI ahiMsAtmaka pravRtti ke kAraNa prasiddha mahApuruSa ke rUpa meM svIkRta bhI ho cuke hai / udayahI unakA dhanuSa pratyacAhIna rUpa meM unake kSatriyasva kA giri, mathurA, zravaNavelagolA prAdi ke zilAlekhoM se veda, pratIka mAtra surakSita rhaa| sambhavataH yahI vaha jIrNa bhAgavata eva purANo se evaM aneka aitihAsika granthoM se ghanuSa thA jise rAma ne caDhAyA aura tor3a ddaalaa|' tIrthakara bhagavAna pAzvanAtha kI aitihAsikatA siddha kI jA cukI nami ke viSaya meM aura adhika pramANa prApta nahI hai| hai aura aba yaha nirvivAda rUpa se svIkRta bhI hai| pArvaneminAtha: nemi athavA ariSTanemi nAmaka bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara nAtha ikSvAkuvazAya rAjA azvasana pora mahArAnI kI santAna the| mahAvIra se 250 varSa pUrva vArANasI meM mahAbhArata kAla me hue| ye zrI kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| inakA janma huprA / tIsa varSa kI avasthA meM prApane zramaNa ye jaina paramparA ke atyanta mAnya evaM lokapriya tIrthakara dIkSA grahaNa kI aura sammedazikhara parvata para dIrghakAla hae / inake jIvana para AdhArita vipula eva viziSTa paryanta karmanAzinI paura muktidAyinI tapasyA kii| aneka sAhitya bhI upalabdha hai| zaurIpura ke yAdavavaMzI rAjA vighna-bAdhAmo ke bIca bhI pArzvanAtha sumeruparvata kI samadravijaya ke ghara mahArAnI zivA ke garbha se utpanna bhAti sthira rhe| rAkSasI upadrava bhI unakI ajarAmara hue the| samudravijaya ke laghu bhrAtA vasudeva ke kRSNa prAtmA se TakarAkara cUra-cUra ho gye| kevalajJAna prApta hone dAsudeva utpanna hue| ataH spaSTa hai ki donoM cacere bhAI ke sattara varSa bAda taka ve prANImAtra ko prAtmakalyANa aura the| nemigAtha kA vivAha rAjA ugrasena kI beTI rAjala se muktimArga kA upadeza dete rhe| pArzvanAtha kI zramaNa honA nizcita haa| jaba bArAta lekara nemi rAjala ko paramparA para bahuta gaharI chApa pdd'ii| Apane jaina sasthA byAhane pahuMce to barAtiyo ke bhojanArtha badha hue asakhya ko Thoma eva sthAyI rUpa me saMgaThita karane ke lie use pazuSoM ko dekhakara, unakI chaTapaTAhaTa aura cItkAra sunakara zramaNa-zramaNI aura dhAvaka-zrAvikA ina cAra bhAgo meM neminAtha kA parama hisaka hRdaya tar3apa utthaa| ve sasAra vibhakta kiyaa| ina cAroM ke kAryakSetra kI sImAe bhI kI isa mAMsAhArIvatti aura bhogalipsA ke isa nArakIya nizcita kI gyii| dRzya ko dekhakara lokottara virakti se bhara gye| ve tatkAla vahAM se lauTakara sIdhe giranAra parvata para taya karane tIrthakara neminAtha ke ahiMsA eva prAcAra ke mahopacale gye| rAjula bhI parama pativratA nArI thii| jaba use deza ko pArzvanAtha ne pratyanta vaijJAnika Dhaga se cAturyAma apane bhAvI prANanAtha kI virakti kA patA lagA, to vaha vyavasthA ke antargata rakhA aura inake pAlana ke lie bhI tatkAla unake pIche giranAra pahacI aura unhI se sarvathA nayI dRSTi bhI pradAna kii| bAda meM race gaya jaina dIkSA grahaNa kara tapasvinI bnii| sudIrgha tapazcaraNa ke prAgamo aura bauddha grantho meM bhI ina cAturyAmo kA varNana pazcAt tIrthakara neminAtha ne mukti prApta kii| bhAratIya kiyA gayA hai| pAzvanAtha ne vedavihita hiMsA ke viruddha 1. 'bhAratIya saMskRti me jaina dharma kA yogadAna'-lekhaka DA. hIrAlAla jaina, paSTa 26 /
Page #24
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 20, parva 32, ki0 1-2 anekAnta ina cAturyAmoM kA upadeza diyA thaa| ye cAturyAma hai- mAna, sanmati aura prativIra khlaae| mahAvIra jayantI pahisA, satya, masteya, aparigraha / mahAvIra pArzvanAtha ke aura vIra nirvANa divasa bharthAta dIpAvalI bIraprabha ke zramaNa dharma ke anuyAyI the| mahAvIra ne apane yuga meM lokottara smaraNa meM hI manAyI jAtI hai| zramaNa mahAvIra samAja meM svataMtra brahmacarya kI prAvazyakatA kA gaharA dhanu- antima tIrthakara the| inake sAtha hI tIrthakaroM kI paramparA bhava kiyA aura cAturyAga meM alaga brahmacarya ko milAkara samApta ho gyii| cakravartI valabhadra, vAsudeva, prativAsudeva paMca mahAvratoM kA upadeza diyaa| pArzvanAtha ke jIvana se pATibhI ke pracAra.air Heral sambandhita paneka prabhAvaka kathAe bAja bhI jena janatAma yogadAna rahA hai| vistAramaya se yahA unako carcA nahIM prapanA pUrNa prabhAva rakhatI hai / kamaTha kA upasarga tathA nAga-nIja nAga kI jA rahI hai| vaime tIrthaDuro ke varNana dvAga unakI nAgina kI kathA aise ho lomaharSaka prasaMga hai| pAzvanAtha bahuta kucha pUrti bhI ho jAtI hai| rAjasthAna, ur3IsA, baMgAla Adi kI prAdima jainetara dhana gaTha zalAkA puruSo ke pazcAt gaNagharo, thanajAtiyoM meM bhI pUjya hai| ye jAtiyAM Aja bhI pAzvanAtha kevaliyo aura jainAcAryoM kI vizAla paramparA prArambha kI pUjA karatI hai| sambhavataH bhArata meM nAga pUjA kA huI / yaha paramparA tigika, saiddhAntika, paurANika evaM mUla bhASAra pAzrvanAtha kA cihna nAga rahA hogaa| sAhityiA dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai / zramaNa mahAvIra : zramaNa mahAvIra ke pazcAta - pArzvanAtha ke lagabhaga 250 varSa bAda vaizAlI ke upa- zramaNa mahAvIra paryata jinavANI lekhana kA prArambha nagara kuNDagrAma athavA kuNDalapura me caitra zuklA trayodazI nahI hanA thaa| mahAvIra ke gaNadharoM dvArA unakI vANI ke dina mahAvIra kA janma humaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA ke nilita rUpa kA bhI zubhAraMbha huaa| aba jaina-dharma kA sampUrNa jIvana pAja darpaNa ke samAna spaSTa hai| unake zaMzava- vistAra deza ke vibhinna bhAgo me paryApta vega se hone lagA kazora, tAruNya mora paravartI jIvana kI mahAnatA suvidita thaa| nIra nirvANa kI dvitIya zatAbdI taka samasta jaina muni hai| ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke ve avatAra the| dharma meM eka prAcArya eka sUtra meM prAvaddha the| unama koI matabheda na vauddhikatA-nijaviveka ko mahAvIra ne paryApta mahatva diyaa| thaa| isI zanI me bihAra meM dvAdazavarSIya dubhikSa pdd'aa| andhavizvAsa aura andhAnukaraNa kA tathA vyayasAdhya sahasro mani dakSiNa bhArata me tathA rAjasthAna, gujarAta me prADambara aura kriyAkANDa kA bhI zramaNa mahAvIra ne ano- prasthAna kara gye| jahAM unhe paristhitivaza nagnatva Dhakane ke citya siddha kiyA aura jIvana bhara inakA virodha bhI lie kucha vastra dhAraNa karane kI saghAcAyoM dvArA anumati karate rhe| de dI gayo / akAla samApta hone para munigaNa punaH ekatra dharma me pAdhAra se bhI adhika vaicArikatA ko mahattva hue aura vastropayoga kI vaikalpikatA para unameM bahuta mtdiyaa| mahAvIra samadI aura anekAntavAdI tha / mataH bheda ho gyaa| pariNAmataH yahI se jaina sAdhugro ke do virodha karate samaya virodhI ke prati bhI unake mana meM pUrA varga ho gye| phira ye digambara paura zvetAmbara zAkhAe sadbhAva hotA thaa| phalata: virodhI bhI antataH unakA aneka upazAkhAmo ke sAtha vikasita huii| dhIre-dhIre mitra bana jAtA thaa| tIsa varSa kI Ayu meM hI mahAvIra munimArga, siddhAntapakSa aura prAcAra paramparA me bhI antara ne dIkSA le lii| tatpazcAt bAraha varSa taka ve tapa meM A gyaa| lIna rahe / antima tIsa varSa taka ve dharmopadeza dete rhe| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara the / iname pradhAna 72 varSa kI Ayu meM nazvara zarIra ko tyAga kara zramaNa gagadhara gautama indrabhUti the| inhoMne mahAvIra ke upadezo mahAvIra ne muktivadhU kA varaNa kiyaa| mahAvIra apane ko bAraha aMgo aura caudaha pUrvo meM nibaddha kiyaa| jaina jIvana ke pAMca mahAprasaMgo ke kAraNa vIra, mahAvIra, vardha- paramparA ke anusAra jJAniyo ke do hI pada sarvazreSTha mAne
Page #25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janadharma upabhava aura vikAsa gaye haiN| ve haiM-kevalajJAnI aura shrutkevlii| pratyakSa ke dvArA jinavANI ke bhaNDAra ko ajarAmara zakti dI hai| jJAniyoM meM kevalajJAnI mAte haiM pora parokSa jJAmiyoM me isI prakAra aneka samrAToM aura rAjAnoM ne bhI jainadharma zrutakevalI / jo ukta aMgoM aura pUrvo meM pAraMgata hotA ko apanAyA aura usake pracAra-prasAra meM yoga bhI diyA / thA vaha zrutakevalI kahalAtA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke magadhAdhipati rAjA vibasAra, pUrA nandavaza, samrATa candrapazcAt tIna kevalajJAnI aura pAMca zrutakevalI hue| inameM gupta, samrATa aSoka, samrATa samprati-prazoka ke potra antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAha the / aura kaliMga ke cakravartI khAravela prAdi jaina dharma ke dhAraka eva prasAraka the / ina sabhI ke kAryoM kA saMkSipta ullekha isake pazcAt jainAcAryoM ko vizAla paramparA calI bhI eka svatantra vizAla nibandha kI apekSA rakhatA hai| paura prAja taka akSuNNa rUpa se calI A rahI hai| digambara evaM zvetAmbara paramparA meM utkRSTa koTi ke zatAdhika dakSiNa bhArata hindI pracAra sabhA, prAcArya hue hai| ina prAcAryoM ne apanI dezakAlajayI kRtiyoM TI0 nagara, madrAsa (tamilanADu) 100 (pRSTha 15 kA zeSAza) lakulIza ko uSNISadhArI mUrtiyAM jina pratimAnoM se hI mAnya ho cukA thaa| guptayugIna kozakAra amarasiMha ne prabhAvita hai| pAzupatoM ne jAtigata bandhano kI kaThoratA ise ina zabdoM meM spaSTa kiyA hai : para vizvAsa na kara videzI zako evaM kuSANa jAtiyo sarvajJastu jinedrasyAssugate zaMkara'pi ca / ko zaMva dIkSA dI thii| isa prakAra kI mAnyatA zramaNa yaha bhI prasambhava nahIM ki kailAzavAsI mAdiguru evaM mato ke prabhAva ke binA nahI bana sakatI thii| mahAyoyo ke rUpa meM ziva kI kalpanA RSabha ke mAnavI ___ smaraNa rahe ki lakUlIza pAzupatoM ne prAcIna zavamata caritra kA devo saskaraNa ho, kyoMki hindU purANakAroM ne kA punarutthAna kiyA thA aura ziva ko prAdigurU (sarvajJa) ziva svarUpa kA vaividhya paraspara viparIta mAnyatAmoM ke se rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA thaa| zakara ke isa rUpa kI prAdhAra para kalpita kiyA hai, anyathA sthANu aura naTarAja kalpanA ziva kI vaidika mAnyatAmoM se prabhAvita na hokara ke nAma se eka hI devatA kaise sambodhita kiyA jA prAdijina ke mAnuSI caritra se anuprerita jJAta hotI hai| sakatA hai / aitihAsika sAkSyo ke prAdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM yaha bhI eka sambhAvanA hai ki jaina paMca parameSThiyoM ki zAyada mathurA ke prAcIna jina kendra se hI pAzupata ke prAdhAra zAmbhavoM ne guru paramaguru, parAtpara guru tathA prAcArya vizeSa rUpa se prabhAvita hue the| guptakAla me jina, parameSThI guru kI mAnyatA kA nirmANa kiyA ho| buddha evaM zaMkara tIno ke lie 'sarvajJa' zabda kA vyavahAra nidezaka, gaSTrIya saMgrahAlaya, janapatha, naI dillI 077
Page #26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina kAvya meM vyavahRta 'jJAna' zabda : rUpa-svarUpa - DA. aruNalatA jaina, pharukkhAbAda jaMna darzanAnusAra jJAna prApti kA prathama sopAna darzana tathA pravadhi, manaHparyaya tathA kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa ke antargata hai| indriya tathA vastu ke samparka se utpanna jJAna kucha mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ jJAna ke pAMca prakAra maspaSTa pahatA hai / jIva mastiSka meM hone vAlI vizeSaNa kahe gaye hai| pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA jIva, mana tathA kI prakriyA dvArA isa aspaSTa bhAbhAsa ko spaSTa anubhUti indriya kI sahAyatA na lekara sIdhe jJAna prApta karatA hai| meM parivartita kara detA hai| isa prakAra darzana jisa vastu pratyakSa pramANa bhI sarvathA zuddha nahI hotaa| kabhI karma kA paricaya karAtA hai vaha kramazaH jJAna meM pariNata ho pratyakSa pramANa dvArA bhI bhrAnti pratIti hotI hai| isI jAtA hai| saca meM dekhA jAe to darzana meM jJAna kI mattA kAraNa svarUpa anumAna ko jaina-darzana mAnyatA detA hai / / vidyamAna rahatI hai| darzana hI jJAna badala jAtA hai / isa tarka kI kasauThI para kharA utarane vAlA anumAna kabhI prakAra jJAtA dvArA jJeya vastu kI varzana dvArA jAnakArI hI vAstavika se pare nahI jA sktaa| tattvArthasUtra me samya jJAna kI saMjJA se abhihita hai| gjJAna ko hI pramANa kahA hai| jaina darzana apanI viziSTa mAnyatAoM ke kAraNa vastutaH janadarzana ko pramANa sambandhI yaha mAnyatA kisI bhI svAdhyAyI kA dhyAna prAkarSita kara sakatA hai| anya darzano se bhinna hai kyoki anya darzanoM meM indriya janya isake anutAra caitanya hI pratyeka jIva kA svarUpa hai / yahAM jJAna pratyakSa tathA zeSa anya sAdhano dvArA prApta jJAna parokSa anya darzano ko bhAMti caitanya koI prAkasmika guNa nahI mAnA gayA hai| isake viparIta jaina jJAna pramANa kI yaha hai| pAtmA sUrya kI bhAMti jyotirmAna hai| sUrya apanA vizeSanA hai ki isame kevala eka hI prakAra ke pratyakSa-jJAna prakAza kabhI nahI chodd'taa| prAvaraNa par3ane se DhaMka jAtA ko mAnA gayA hai aura vaha hai 'kevala-jJAna', kyoki indriya hai| prAtmA apanA svAbhAvika guNa nahI tyaagtii| tathA mana ko isa sacce jJAna kI prApti meM bAdhaka mAnA karma-bandhana me par3akara anaMta jJAna kA pramAra nahI kara gayA hai| paatii| bandhana naSTa hone para prAtmA anata jJAnamaya ho pratyakSa pramANa ke do bheda kahe gaye hai-pArimArthika jAtI hai| pratyakSa, sAMvyAvahArika pratyakSa / jo jJAna prAtmA ke adhIna __ isa anaMta jJAna ko prApta karane ke sAdhanoM ko pramANa rahakara svayaM ke viSaya ko vizuddhatA ke sAtha jAnatA hai, kahate hai tathA zeSa vastuoM ko prameya / jaina darzana meM pArimArthika kahalAtA hai| jo indriyoM se sAkSAta grahaNa prAmANika jJAna dIpaka kI bhAMti hai jo svaya prakAzamAna kAla me jAnatA hai vaha sAdhyavahArika pratyakSa hai| pArihai aura apane caturdika vAtAvaraNa ko bhI prakAzita karatA mArthika pratyakSa do prakAra kA hai-ekadeza pArimArthika hai| isake anusAra pramANa svabhAvata: spaSTa hai, usame kisI -dUsarA savaMdeza pArimAthika / avadhijJAna aura sanaHparyaya prakAra kI bhrAnti nahIM hai| isalie dRzyamAna jagata yathArtha deza pratyakSa aura kevalajJAna sarva pratyakSa hai| hai| yahA~ jJAna ke prAntarika tathA bAhya donoM pakSoM ko parokSa jJAna indriyoM dvArA anubandhita hai| mati, zruti svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| se jo jAnA hai, vaha parokSa prabhAva hai / smRti, pratyabhijJAna, jaina jJAna-mImAMsA me jJAna ko do bhAgo meM pramAjita tarka, anumAna tathA mAgama kA samAveza parokSa pramANa ke kiyA gayA hai-pratyakSa, parokSa / mati, zruti ko parokSa antargata hotA hai| smRti pUrva meM jo padArtha jAnA thA
Page #27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina kAvya meM tabahuta 'jJAna' zabda : rUpa svarUpa 1. graha usake smaraNa mAtra ko smRti kahate hai| pratyabhijJAna- pUrva bAtoM kA smaraNa kara pratyakSa padArtha ke sAtha joDa kara nizcaya karane ko kahate haiN|' jaina darzana ke anusAra vastu ke bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke pratyakSa tathA parokSa jJAna hote hai| unase spaSTa hai ki unake aneka svabhAva hai| jaina darzana meM svabhAva ko hI dharma kahA gayA hai / kevalI kevalajJAna ke dvArA vastunoM ke anaMtadharma kA jJAna pAtA hai / aba ina parokSa- pratyakSa pramANo ke antargata sadabhita pAca prakAra ke jJAna ke rUpa-svarUpa para dRSTipAta kara lenA bhI samIcIna hogaa| pratyeka zabda svayaM me eka artha mameTe hotA hai| usa artha ko samajhane ke lie hame zabda vyutpatti kI gaharAI meM jAnA hotA hai| yahAM sambandhI zabdoM kI niSpatti ko samajhanA hogA tathA yaha bhI dekhanA hogA ki hindI jana kAvya ke vavitAoM ne una zabdoM kA inhI arthoM meM apane kAvya meM upavahAra kiyA hai| matijJAna : mati buddhi jJAnam iti matijJAna matijJAna zabda yaugika zabda hai-mati - jJAna / mati kA artha hai manana karanA / manana karake jo jJAna utpanna ho use matijJAna kahate haiN| matijJAna indriya ghora mana kI sahAyatA se utpanna hotA hai / mati-jJAna' cAra prakAra se varNita hai| 1. puruSArtha sipAya nAva para hindI TIkA, rAjacandra jainazAstramAlA, zrAbhAsa, vi0 saM0 2022, pRSThAka 22-23 / 2. 'paMcabhirendriyermana ca yadarthagrahaNa tanmatijJAna / " arthAt - pAca indriyo aura mana me jo padArtha kA grahaNa grahaNa hotA hai. use matijJAna kahate hai| ghavalA, 11, 1, 115 / 35401, jainendrasidyAnta koza, bhAga 2, jinendravarNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha 2029. pRSThAMka 261 / 3. (gha) "mati ghRti jJAna doU hai parokSa vANa auSa mana pajaya, pratyakSa eka deza pekhie // " brahmavilAsa, bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa, jaina grantharatnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI 3430 pRSThAMka 35 / (ba) "mati zruti avadhi manaparja ke viSayaka doU / 23 kisI vastu kA avalokana karane se citta meM usakA jo rUpa sthira hotA hai, usa rUpa ko hI jAnanA vastutaH prava kahalAtA hai| 2. IhA usa vastu ko pUrNarUpa se samajhane kI prAkAkSA honA hI IhA kahalAtI hai / 3. pravIya - usa rUpa raMga kA nizcaya karanA hI pravIya hai / 4. dhAraNA - pravIya dvArA nirNaya kiye gaye padArtha kA pravi smaraNa na hone vAlA saMskAra hI dhAraNA hai / saMskRta jaina vAGmaya meM vyavahRta 'matijJAna' zabda hindI jaina kAvya meM prayukta huA hai / 17vIM zatI se lekara 20vIM zatI taka ke kaviyoM kI kAvyadhArA meM matijJAna zabda apane isI me surakSita hai ' zrutijJAnAna : 'zruti jJAnam' - zruti jJAnaM prarthAt sunA huA jJAna / dhAtu ne 'kta' pratyaya karane para bhUti zabda niSpanna huA / 'jJa' dhAtu me yuTa pratyaya karane para jJAna zabda kI niSpatti huii| isa prakAra kisI padArtha ke viSaya me sunane ke AdhAra para jAnakArI prApta karanA zrutijJAna hai hai / " jaina darzana me indriya dhaura mana ke dvArA eka padArtha ko jAnakara usake Azraya se tatsambandhI anya prakAra ke prarUpaNa karane me jo jJAna samartha hai use zrutijJAna kahA viSaya kahAvata kSayopazama patha meM ||" - pravacanasAra, vRndAvanadAsa, sarasvatI sevaka, nAthurAma premI, rAyacandra jaina zAstramAlA, vambaI 1905, pRSThAMka 51 / 4. " tattha sudaNANa NAma idaehi gahilyAdo tado puvagudarapammahaNaM jahA saddAhor3AvI bhuvalabho ghunAdo zraggissu valabho vA / " arthAt indriyoM se grahaNa kie padArtha se usase pRthak bhUta padArtha kA grahaNa karanA ghutijJAna hai, jaise zabda se 'ghaTa' bAdi padArthoM kA jAnanA prathavA dhUmrAdi se agni ko grahaNa karanA / 611-1412106 jainendra siddhAntakoza, bhAga 4, jinendra varNoM, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 2030, puSThAMka 56 /
Page #28
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 24, varSa 32, ki0 1.2 bhanekAnta hai| zrutijJAna ke do bheda hai'-- hai jisakA artha hai-samayAtapUrva bAna arthAt samaya se pUrva 1. arthaliMgaja-padArtha ko dekhakara usame iSTa athavA jJAna honA / jinavANI ke anusAra jo jJAna dravya, kSetra, aniSTatA kA jJAna honaa| yaha jJAna eke- kAla, bhAva kI maryAdA ke lie rUpI padArtha ko spaSTa va ndriya se lekara paMcendriya sabhI me hotA hai| pratyakSa jAne, vaha avadhijJAna hai|' avadhijJAna do prakAra se 2. zabdaliMgaja-vaha jJAna hai jo vAcaka zabdoM ko suna kahA gayA hai karake vAcya kA jJAna kraae| yaha laukika 1. bhava pratyaya -bhava kI mukhyatA se hone vAlA avadhijJAna tathA lokottara donoM prakAra kA hotA hai| deva aura nArakI jIvo ke hotA hai| saMskana-prAkRta jaina vADmaya me vyavahata 'zratijJAna' 2. guNa pratyaya -zeSa rahe hue manuSya aura tiyaMcoM ke kSayozabda hindI jaina kAvya me gRhIta hai| 17vI zatAbdI se pazama se hotA hai| lekara 20vI zatAbdI taka ke hindI jaina kAvya me yaha zabda saskRta-prAkRta jaina kAvya meM prayukta 'pravadhijJAna' zabda apane isI artha meM pratuta hai| isI prartha ko sameTe hA hindI jaina kAvya me vyavahuta hai| pravadhi jJAna-- 16vI zatI meM lekara 20vI zatI taka ke kaviyo ke kAvya avadhi-+ jJAna ke mizraNa se isa zabda ko samaSTi haI me avadhijJAna zabda isI prathaM meM darzanIya hai| "ta duviha saddaligaja, pratya ligaja cedi| 3 "tathaiva ca sa evAtmA pravadhijJAnAvaraNIya kSayopa' tatthAta saddaligaja taduviha loiya louttariya cedi // " zamAmUtta vastuyadekadezapratyayakSeNa savikalpa jAnAti samaNNA puri savayaNa bigiggayavayaNa vallAvaja NiyANaM tadavadhijJAnam / " loipa saha asacya kAraNa viNimmukka puri savayaNa arthAt -- isI rIti se vahI pAtmA pravadhi jJAnAvigigayavayaNa klAva jaNiya sudaNANa louttariya varaNa ke kSayopazama se mUvastu ko jo ekadeza ghumAdi pratya ligaja puNa praNamANaNAma / ' pratyaya dvArA vikalpa jAnatA hai vaha avadhijJAna hai| arthAt-thatijJAna zabda ligaja aura artha liMgajake bhada vahada dravya sagraha, nemicandrAcArya, zrImada rAjacandra se do prakAra kA hai| uname bhI jo zabdaligaja zratijJAna jaina zAstramAlA mAgAsa / hai vaha laukika aura lokottara ke bheda se do prakAra kA 4. "bhavapratyayo'vadhidevanArakANAm / 21 / kssyopshmhai| sAmAnya puruSa ke mukha se nikale hue vacana samudAya nimitta SaDvikalpazeSANAm / 22 // se jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai vaha laukika zabdaligaja arthAt - bhava kI mukhyatA se hone vAlA pravadhijJAna zratijJAna hai| pramatya bolane ke kAraNoM se rahita puruSa deva tathA nAgakI jIvo ko hotA hai| zeSa rahe hue ke mukha se nikale hue vacana samudAya se jo jJAna utpanna manuSya aura tiyaMco ko kSayopazama se pravadhijJAna hotA hai vaha laukika zabdaliMgaja zrutijJAna hai| hotA hai| kaSAyahAr3a 1 / 1-15 // 308-306 / 340-341 // 5, tattvArtha sUtra, umAsvAmI, zrI akhila vizva janajanendra siddhAnta koSa, bhAga 4, jinendra varNI, bhAra mizana, alIgaMja, san 1957, pRSThAka 10-12, jJAnapITha-2030, pRSThAka 56 / pradhyAya saMkhyA 1, sUtrAka 21-22 / 2. (ma) "samyak guru prasAda jinazruta hai, 5. (ka) "koNIka bhavadhijJAna-bhaNDAra, nija svarUpa me pAgA re|" koNika jAtismaraNa kahAe / pAvadAsa padAvalI, kavi pArzvadAsa, zrI digambara ___ jJAna vale kahayo upadeza, prajJA loka suSera dhyaaye||' jaina samAja, samIragaMja-Toka, 1902, pRSThAMka 18, mAdi purANa rAsa, brahmajinadAsa, lipi samvat 1856, chandAMka 34 / pAmera zAstra bhaNDAra, jayapura, pR0 13, chandAka 13 / (ba) "mati, zruti, avadhivirAja, (ba) "tAhi ko pati hai kona, tavaM muni ko liyaa| pUjI jinacaraNa hitkaarii|" mujha para hoya dayAla, avadhi drima khola diyaa|" zotalanAtha pUjA, kavi manaraga lAla, jJAnapITha pUjA- jambasvAmicarita, pAMDe jinadAsa, patrAMka 35, mAmera jali, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, pRSThAMka 352 / zAstra bhaNDAra, jayapura, puSThAMka 16, parilla ch08|
Page #29
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 25 jana kAvya meM vyavahata 'mAna' zabda : rUpa-svarUpa mana:paryaya tathA paryAyoM ko bAhya indriya kI sahAyatA lie binA _ 'manaHparyaya' yogika zabda hai| manasa: paryayaNA jJAnam hI jAnatA hai| yaha jAna karmakSaya se utpanna hotA hai| manaHparyaya arthAt mana se kisI cIja ko samajhA jaae| saMskRta, prAkRta jaina vAGmaya ke vyavahRta 'kevalajJAna' 'manaHparyaya karma kA kSayopazama hone para hI pragaTa hotA hai| bATa himTI jaina kAvya me bhI gahIta hai| kavi banArasIdAsa mana.paryaya jJAna ke do bheda hai ke kAvya me yaha zabda isI artha me prayukta hai|' 1. Rjumati-jo manuSya maralatA se soca rahA ho usakA isa prakAra uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jaina jJAna / jJAna-mImAMsA apane me jJAna sambandhI nijI mahattva sameTe 2. vipulamati-bakrabhAva se bhUta, bhaviSya bartamAna kA jJAna / saskRta, prAkRta kAvya meM vyavahRta manaHparyaya zabda hue hai| vaha kevala eka hI prakAra ke pratyakSa jJAna ko hindI jaina kAvya meM isI artha me gRhIta hai| mahattva detA hai aura vaha hai kevalajJAna / anya jJAna kevala jJAna taka pahuMcane ke vibhinna sopAna haiN| jJAna-bodha binA kevalajJAna-- ke bala trikAlaviSayakajAnam abhyAsatIti kevljnyaan| jIva sanmArga ko prApta nahIM kara skmaa| jJAna-bodha hI kaMvalajJAna vaha jJAna hai jisake dvArA jIva trikAla vyakti meM zAzvata prAnanda kI sRsTi karatA hai| viSayaka bhUta, bhaviSya, vartamAna samasta dravyoM, unake guNo 6, rAmalAla kayUmagaMja, pharukhAbAda (u0pra0) (sa) "avadhi jJAna mana paryaya dohai deza prataccha / alIgaMja, 1657, pRSThAMka 11, adhyAya saMkhyA 1, dravya kSetra parimAna lie jAne jiya svaccha // " sUtrAMka 23 / chahaDhAlA, (kavi daulatarAma), zrI digambara jaina svA- 4. (ka) "manaparjaya jAnAhi matabheda, dhyAya mandira TrasTa, sonagar3ha, pRSThAka 62, DhAla kevalajJAna pragaTa saba veda / " sakhyA 4 / banArasI vilAsa, kavi banArasIdAsa, bhaMvaralAla jaina, "parakIyamacogato'tho mana ityucyate / sAhacaryAtrasya kezaralAla bakhzI-zrI nAnUlAla smAraka granthamAlA, paryayaNa parigamana mnHpryyH|" nyU kAlonI, jayapura, 2012, pRSThAMka 105 / arthAt -dUsare ke manogata artha ko mana kahate hai| (ba) "bipula manaHparyaya paramAvidhi sabhI vidhi / usake mana ke mambandha me usa padArtha kA parigamana ThIka lahai mokSa tati inheM zIza nAie // " karane ko mana:paryaya kahate haiN| carcAzataka, kavi dyAnatarAya, sarasvatI bhaNDAra, coru sarvArtha siddhi 1, 6|143-jnendr, siddhAntakoza, bhAga kA rAstA. jayapura, pRSThAka 218 / 3, jinendra varNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 2026, pRSThAka 5. 'kevalam sahAya midiyAloya giravekkhaM tikAla bhoya rANa tapajjAya samavedANaM tavatthu parimasakuDiya savattaM "tadAvaraNakarmakSayopazamAdi-dvitIya nimittapazAtapara kevalaNANa / " kIya-manogatArtha-jJAna manaHparyayaH / prarthAt - 'kevala' asahAya ko kahate hai jo jJAna prasa hAya arthAt indriya aura Aloka kI apekSA rahita arthAta - mana paryaya jJAnAvaraNAdi karma ke kSayApa hai, trikAla gocara vAlA hai, sarva vyApaka hai paura zamAdirUpa sAmagrI ke nimitta me parakIya manogata artha pratipakSI rahita hai, use kevalajJAna kahate hai| ko jAnanA manaHparyaya jJAna hai| ghavalA 6 / 1,6-1, 14 // 26 // 5, jainendra siddhAnta koza, rAjavAtika 19 / 4 / 47 / 16, jainendra middhAntakoza, bhAga 1, jinendra varNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 2028, bhAga 3, jinendra varNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha 2026, pRSThAka 145 / pRSThAka 273 / 5. "joga dharI rahai jo trasu bhinna, "Rju vipulamatI mnHpryy:|23| ananta guNAtana kevljnyaanii| prarthAt--- manaHparyayaya jJAna Rjumati arthAt jo manuSya tAsu hRdaya draha mo nikasi saritA, saralabhAva se soca rahA hai usakA jJAna tathA vipula sama vahe zruta-sindhu smaanii|" mati do prakAra kA hai| nATaka samayasAra, paM.banArasIdAsa, sastI granthamAlA, tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAti, akhila vizva jaina sizana, 7/33 dariyAgaMja, dillI, saM0 2476, pR0 10 /
Page #30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mathurA kI jaina kalA 3 DA. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura mathurA kI jaina kalA bhAratIya kalA meM apanA dono pora siMha bhI utkIrNa rahate haiN| kabhI-kabhI ye siMha viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hai| abhilekhoM tathA sAhityika prAsana ko dhAraNa kie hue dikhalAe gae hai| RSabhadeva granthoM se yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki mathurA ke kaMkAlI ke kadhoM para naTe aura sUpArzvanAtha ke mastaka ke pIche TIle vAle bhUbhAga para IsA kI kaI zatI pahale se sarpaphaNa kA Topa dikhAyA gayA hai| caukI para kahI-kahIM lekara 11vI zatI taka jaina stUpoM, mandiro evaM zrAvaka (gRhastha) bhI banAe gae hai jo dharmacakra yA tIrtha. vividha mUtiyoM kA nirmANa hotA rahA / itane lambe kara kI pUjA ke lie pAe hai / kalA kI dRSTi se ina samaya taka vAstu tathA mUrtikalA ke vikAsa kA kendra hone mUrtiyoM kI zainI kucha sthira hai. jaisA unakI tapomudrA yA ke kAraNa kakAlI TIle kA kSetra asAdhAraNa mahatva samAdhi se saMgata thA / guptakAlIna kucha mUrtiyo me saudarya rakhatA hai| mathurA jana kalA ko nimnalikhita bhAgoM meM aura agoM meM gatizIlatA hai aura kucha alakara bhI hai| bATA jA sakatA hai: mahAvIra kI eka mUti ke jo usthita padmAsana meM baiThI hai, mastaka ke pIche padmAtapatra aura Upara challedAra keza hai / 1 tIrthakara matiyAM : jisase saMsAra sAgara ko pAra harAme aMgoM kA vinyAma lova bharA hai aura makha para divya kiyA jAya use tIrtha kahate haiN| tIrtha ko jo pravRti chavi hai| kaI caturmakhI pratimAyeM bhI prApta huI hai| inhe kare use tIrthakara kahate hai / jainoM me tIrthakara mUrtiyo ko 'sarvatobhadrikA' kahA jAtA hai| guptoM ke rAjyakAla meM sthApanA bahuta prAcIna kAla se pracalita hai / ye sakhyA meM sAhitya ke sAtha-gAtha kalA evaM sthApatya kA khUba maMvardhana 24 hote hai / mathurA kalA me AdinAtha, neminAtha, pAzva humA / iga kAla me zilpazAstra para bhI pustakeM likhI nAtha, mahAvIra prAdi tIrthavaro kI mUrtiyAM prApta huI hai jAne lgii| madiroM aura pratimAno kI racanA kaise honI jo prAyaH pacAsana hai| kucha khaDgAsana mUrtiyA~ bhI prApta cAhie, isakA bhI vizada vivecana kiyA gayA / yahI huI hai| samasta mUrtiyAM lagna, nAsAgradRSTi mora dhyAna kAraNa hai ki gukAna kI mUrtiyA~ bhAva se paripUrNa hai / mudrA meM hai| kuSANakAlIna pratimAnoM meM nAnA tIrthakaroM uname zAnti hai tathA unakI racanA surucipUrNa DhaMga se kI me bheda sUcita karane vAle baila Adi cinha nahI prApta gaI hai| kalA ke jo bhI udAharaNa milate haiM unameM isa hote hai| adhikAza mUrtiyoM ke vakSaHsthala para zrIvatsa kAla kI vizeSatA vidyamAna rahatI hai| ina vizepatAmo cinha pAyA jAtA hai tathA hastatala va caraNatala evaM sihA- ke AdhAra para unheM pahanAnanA bahA prAmAna hai| imI sana para dharmacaka, uSNISa tathA bhauho ke bIca romaguccha kAla se jina patimAo para tIrtha karo ke laoNchana bhI utkIrNa bhI bahata-sI mUrtiyoM meM pAe jAte hai / anya parikaroM meM kie jAne lage, yadyapi binA lAMchana ke bhI pratimAnoM kA prabhAvala, donoM pAvoM meM camaravAhaka tathA siMhAsana ke nirmANa jArI thaa| 1. zrI kRSNadatta vAjapeyI : kaMkAlI TolA kI jaina kalA kA yogadAna, pR0 343 / ___ kA anuzIlana (bareyA smRti grantha, pR.608) 4. DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : bhAratIya kalA, pR. 284 / 2. zrI kRSNadatta vAjapeyI : mathurA, pR0 33 5 . zrI hariharasiMha : tIrthakara pratimAmoM kA udbhava aura 3. DA. hIrAlAla jaina : bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma vikAsa (zramaNa varSa 25, aMka 1-2), pR0 50 /
Page #31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mayurA ko jaina kalA 27 2. deva-deviyoM ko matiyAM : pratimA lakSaNa kI dRSTi aura isI rUpa meM inakI adhikAMza mUrtiyAM milii| se janadharma me zAsana devatAmoM kA bahuta mahatva hai / inake saMgrahAlaya meM saMkhyA sI0 2, sI05 tathA so. 31 kubera alakaraNa se jina pratimAno kI pahacAna aura sarala ho kI ullekhanIya mUrtiyAM hai, jinameM ve surApAna karate hue jAtI hai| kyoMki pratyeka tIrthakara ke alaga-alaga yakSa citrita kie gaye haiN| inake hAthoM meM surApAtra bijorA. paura yakSI hote hai tathA unake lakSaNa bhinna-bhinna hote hai| nI tathA soko zAsana devatAgoM ke alaMkaraNa se parikara meM bhI kAphI deviyoM kI bhI mUrtiyA milI haiM jo adhikatara guptakAla vikAsa hotA hai| pranamAnataH aisI pratimAye sAtavI. tathA madhyakAla kI haiN| iname neminAtha kI yakSiNI prAThavI sadI se nirmita hone lgii| madhurA zailI ko ambikA tathA bhI yathArtha meM jainadharma se preraNA milii| prArabhika kAla meM mUniyAM darzanIya hai|" cakrezvarI devI kI eka DhAI phaTa marA ke kalAkAra saMkalpita paTTiyA banAte the, jisame eka UMcI pASANa mUrti mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM virAjamAna hai| namAna nagna tIrthakara kI pAlthI mAre baiThI huI AkRti yaha mUrti eka gahaDa para prAdhArita prAsana para sthita haiN| pojimane bauddho ko apane guru kA isa mudrA isakA sira va bha jAyeM TUTa phUTa gaI hai, tathApi umakA karane kI preraNA dii| matha gazalA ke mahatva- prabhAvala praphulla kamalAkAra suprala kRta vidyamAna hai| se eka stapa kI pASANa veSThaniyo para bano bhujAyeM daza rahI hai aura hAtha me eka cakra rahA hai| mUti yA hai| yaha stapa jana stapa thaa| 4 prAbhUSaNAsa ke donoM pAvoM meM eka-eka dvArapAlikA hai jiname dAyIM viyA~ jinakI prAkRtiyAM nitamba para atyanta prora vAlI eka camara tathA bAyIM ora vAlI eka papaboso tathA kamara para patanI hai, capala madrA meM saTTA ra mAlA lie hue hai| ye tIno pratimAye kucha khaNDina hai| sindhu ghATI sabhyatA kI nartakI bAlA kA smaraNa karAtI pradhAna mUrti ke Upara pacAsana va dhanastha jina pratimA hai aura unakI prasanna eva spaSTa kAma katA, dharmaniSThA evaM hai, jisake donoM ora badanamAlAye lie hue uDatI kaI tyAga ke sandarbha meM jIvana ke prati bhAratIya dRSTikoNa ke mUrtiyA~ banI hai| yaha mUrti bhI kaMkAlI Tole se prApta pradhikAravirodha kA udAharaNa hai, jiga isa prakAra ke hai|" ambikA devI ko eka ullekhanIya pASANa pratimA sAnnidhya meM kucha bhI prasagata nahI pratIta hotA / tArAnAtha 1 phuTa 6 iMca UMco mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM hai| praka ne likhA hai ki mauryakAlIna kalA yakSoM dvArA aura usase eka vRkSa ke nIce siMha para sthita kamalAsana para virAjaparvakAlIna devo dvArA nirmita haI / matha ga kalA meM yakSa, mAna hai / bAyAM paira Upara uThA hugrA va dAyA pathvI para kinnara, gadharva, suparNa tathA apsarAmo ko aneka mUrtiyAM hai / dAyeM hAtha meM phalo kA gucchA hai va bAyA hAtha vAyI milatI hai| ye sukha-samRddhi tathA vilAsa ke pratinidhi hai| jaMghA para baiThe hue bAlaka ko samhAle hai| bAlaka vakSayakSo me kubera tathA unakA strI hArItI kA sthAna baDe sthala para jhUlate hue hAra se khela rahA hai| prabobhAga mahatva kA hai| inako aneka mUrtiyA~ mathurA meM prApta huI vastrAlaMkRta hai aura Upara vakSasthala para donoM skandho se hai / kubera yakSo ke adhipati tathA dhana ke devatA mAne gae pIche kI ora DAlI huI ghor3anI hai| sira para sandara hai / bauddha, jaina tathA hindU tIno dharmoM meM inakA pUjana makuTa hai, jisake pIche zobhanIya prabhAbala hai| gale me do milatA hai| kubera jIvana ke prAnandamaya rUpa ke dyotaka hai lar3iyoM vAlA hAra, hAtha me cUr3iyA, kaTi meM mekhalA va 6. vahA pR0 52 / 6. zrI kRSNadatta bAjapeyI : mathurA, pR0 35, 36 / 7. e. ena. bAzama : adbhuna bhArata, pR0 374 / / (The wonder that was India kA veMTezacadra 10. vahI, pR0 33 / pADaya kRna hindI anuvAda) / 11.10 hIrAlAla : bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA 8. DA. vAsudavazaraNa agravAla : bhAratIya kalA, pa. 276 / yogadAna, pR0 354 /
Page #32
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 28, varSa 32, ki0 1.2 anekArata pairoM meM napUra mAbhUSaNa haiM / bAlaka nagna hai kintu gale meM mathurA kI jaina zilpa kalA me pAyAgapaTToM kA mahatvapUrNa hAra, bAhoM meM bhujabandha, kalAI me kar3e tathA kamara me kara* sthAna hai / vizuddha saundarya kI dRSTi se una para jo malaMkaraNoM dhanI pahane hue hai| ambikA kI bAjU se eka dUsarA bAlaka ke saMpUjana kI chavi hai vaha netro ko mohita kara detI hai / khar3A hai, jisakA dAyA~ hAtha ambikA ke dAyeM ghuTane para hai| udAharaNa ke lie, sihanAdika dvArA sthApita prAyAgapaTTa isake atirikta, isa ambikA mUrti ke sAtha gaNeza, kubera, para Upara-nIce praSTa mAMgalika cinha aMkita haiM aura dono nartakiyAM, jinamUti, balarAma tathA vAsudeva kI mUrti prAdi pAvoM meM se eka ora cakrAMkita dhvajastambha tathA dUsarI mUrtiyAM haiN| isa prakAra isame jaina va vaidika paramparA ke mora gajAkita stambha hai| bIca meM triratno ke madhya me aneka devI-devatAno kA sundara samIkaraNa milatA hai| tIrthakara kI baddha padmAsana sthita mUrti hai / (lakhanaU saMgramatharA ke kakAlI TIle se eka sarasvatI kI mUrti hAlaya je0 246) / lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM eka dUsarA prApta huI hai| isakA dAyA hAtha abhaya mudrA me hai aura prAyAgapaTTa hai (je0 250) jisake madhya bhAga meM eka bar3A bAyeM hAtha meM pustaka lie hai| isakI sthApanA kuSANa svastika aMkita hai aura usa svastika ke garbha meM eka choTI saM054 me huii| sarasvatI kI itanI prAcIna pratimA tIrthakara mUrti hai / svastika ke AveSTana ke rUpa meM solaha anyatra prApta nahIM huii|" jaina purANo me hiraNa, meDhe deva yoniyoM se alakata deva yoniyo se prala kRta eka maNDala hai jisake cAra kono athavA bakarA jaise mukha vAle eka devatA kA ullakha naMga para cAra mahorama mUrtiyA hai| nIce kI ora aSTa mAMgamaSinagameza, naMgameya, naMgamazina, hariNimiAMsa hari lika cinho kI vela hai| isa prakAra ke pUjApaTTa kA prAcIna naMga mesi.hAri ityAdi nAmo sa vibhinna granthA ma humA paribhASA ma svastika paTTa kahate the| eka tIsare pAyAgapaTTa hai| mathurA ke kaMkAlI Tole se prApta zuga-zaka-kuSANakAlIna prAcIna jaina avazeSoM me bhI isa devatA ke kaI ko prAkRti akita hai| usake cArA aura tIna maNDala hai| mUrtAdUna mile hai jiname se eka para 'bhagavane meso' bhagavAna pahale meM 16 nandipada, dUsara me aSTadikkumArikAye aura naigameza nAma bhI aMkita hai / isa devatA kA devarAja indra tIsare me kuNDalita puSpakara sraja-kamalo kI mAlA hai aura kA anucara, indra kI paMdala senA kA kaptAna batAyA jAtA cAra kono meM cAra mahoraga mUtiyA hai / isa prakAra kA hai aura zizamo ke janma, poSaNa aura sarakSaNa se usakA pUjApaTTa prAcInakAla me cakrapaTa kahalAtA thaa| bizeSa sambandha hai / harivaMza purANa ke anusAra, isa devatA mathurA sagrahAlaya meM eka sundara AyAgapaTTa hai jise, ne kasa ke bandIgRha se devakI dvArA prasUta zizunoM ko, usa para likhe hue lekha ke anusAra lavaNazobhikA nAmaka idra kI prAjJA se alakA saThAnI kI goda meM sthAnAntaraNa vezyA kI lar3akI vasu ne dAna diyA thaa| isa mAyAgapaTTa kara rakSA kI thii|" para eka vizAla stUpa kA citra tathA vedikAmo sahita 3. mAyAgapaTTa tathA vikAstambha-mAyAgapaTTa kA toraNadvAra banAyA hai| prAyAgapar3o ke atirikta anya mala hai prAyaMkapaTa prarthAt pUjA ke lie sthApita zilApaTTa vividha zilApaTra tathA vedikA stambha bhI mile haiM, jina para jisa para tIrthakara, stUpa, svastika, nadyAvarta prAdi pUja- jainadharma sambandhI mUrtiyAM tathA cinha aMkita hai| ina kalAnIya cinha utkIrNa kie jAte the| stUpa ke prAMgaNa meM isa kRtiyoM para devatA, yakSa-yakSI, puSpita latA-vRkSa, mIna, prakAra ke pUjA zilApaTTa yA pAyAgapaTTa Uce sthaMDiloM para makara, gaja, siMha, vRSabha, maMgalaghaTa, kIrtimukha bhAdi bar3e sthApita kie jAte the aura darzanArthI unakI pUjA karate the| kalAtkaka DhaMga se utkIrNa milate hai|" 12. vahI pR0 355.356 / 16. DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : mathurA kI jaina kalA 13. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : bhAratIya kalA, 10 283 / (mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, jayapura, apraila 1962, 14. bhAratIya saMskRti me jainadharma kA yogadAna,pa. 358 / pR0 19-20 / 15. jaina sandeza zodhAMka, 1974 / 17. zrI kRSNadatta bAjapeyI: mathurA pu0 33 /
Page #33
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mapurA kI jana kalA 29 4. stUpa- kaMkAlI Tole kI khudAI meM jaina zilpa dUsarA jaina stUpa kuSANakAla meM banavAyA gyaa| isameM kI pradarbhAta sAmagrI prApta huI hai| isa TIle kI bhUmi bhaneka lekha likhavAe gae jina para kuSANa savata meM tithiyA~ para eka prAcIna jaina stapa aura do prAsAda yA mandiroM ke dI gaI haiM / yaha nae stUpa kI vizeSatA thii| ina lekhoM se citra mile haiM / mahatanandyAvarta prarthAt aThArahaveM tIrthakara usa samaya ke mAthura jaina saMgha para acchA prakAza par3atA aranAtha kI eka pratimA kI caukI para khude hue eka lekha hai| gaccha, pura paura zAkhAmoM ke jo nAma mAe hai ve hI meM likhA hai ki koTTiyagaNa kI vaz2I zAkhA ke vAcaka bhadravAha ke kalpasUtra meM hai|" prArya vRddhahastI kI preraNA se eka zrAvikA ne deva-nirmita stupa meM pahaMta pratimA sthApita kii|" yaha lekha savata jaina stapa ke vAstu vibhyAsa kA svarUpa lagabhaga vahI 86 arthAt kuSANa samrATa vAsudeva ke rAjyakAla kA I0 thA jo bauddha stupoM kA thA / jaina stapa ke madhya meM bada167 kA hai / valara, mmitha mAdi vidvAnoM kA vicAra hai budAkAra, bar3A paura UMcA vyUhA hotA thA aura usake ki usa samaya stapa ke bAstavika nirmANakartAmoM ke viSaya cAro ora vedikA paura cAra vizAmoM meM cAra dvAra toraNa meM logo kA jJAna vismRta ho gayA thA aura usake lie hote the / usake Upara bhI hamikA bhaura chatrAvalI kA deva nirmita isa nAma kI kalpanA saMbhava huii|" vidhAna rahatA thaa| vaha bhI vedikA sahita vimedhiyo para banAyA jAtA thaa| usake cAra pApoM meM tIrthakaro kI mUrtiyAM lagAI jAtI thIM / vedikA ke stambhoM para zAla'anekAnta' ke svAmitva sambandhI vivaraNa bhajjikA mUrtiyoM kI racanA kI jAtI thii| unake bahuta prakAzana sthAna-bIrasevAmandira, 21 dariyAgaja, naI dillI | se namUne kaMkAlI TIle se mile hai aura aba lakhanaU madraka-prakAzana -vIra sebA mandira ke nimitta saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| vedikA kA nirmANa vAstu prakAzana avadhimAsika zrI omaprakAza jaina vinyAsa kA utkRSTa karma thaa| usameM UdhvaM stambha, mAr3I rASTrikatA-bhAratIya patA-23, dariyAgaMja dillI-2 sUciyAM, uSNISa, pAlambana, toraNa, pAzva stambha, dhAbhika cinha, stambha aura pAyAgapaTTa saMjJaka utkIrNa zilApaTTa, sampAdaka ---zrI gokulaprasAda jaina toraNadvAro ke mukhapaTTa, puSpAdhAnI yA puSpa grahaNI vanirASTrikatA-bhAratIya patA-vIra sevA mandira 21. dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 kAyeM, sopAna, utAra-car3hAva kI choTI pArzvagata vedikAye aura dhvajastambha Adi nAnA prakAra kI sAmagrI lagAI svAmitva-vIra sevA mandira, 21, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 gaI thii| ina stUpo kA rUpa-sampAdana bar3e utsA, se maiM, momaprakAza jaina, etaddvArA ghoSita karatA hUM ki kiyA jAtA thaa| unake zilpo zilpa-kauzala meM niSNAta merI pUrNa jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anumAra upayukta vivaraNa satya hai| -promaprakAza jaina, prakAzaka varddhamAna kAleja, bijanaura (u0 pra0) 18. ipigrAphikA iMDikA, bhAga 2, lekha 20 / 19. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, jayapura, pR0 17 / 20. bhAratIya kalA pR0 280 / 21. vahI pu0 263 /
Page #34
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anekAnta D DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka, meghanagara bhagavAna mahAvIra praNIta darzana ke cintana kI zailI parakhane kI pratabhani-bhipati eka mAtha hI nahIM varana kA nAma anekAMta dRSTi, aura pratipAdana kI zailI kA kramAnusAra hI hotI hai / iso kramabaddha abhivyakti kI nAma syAdavAda hai| anekAta dRSTi kA tAtparya he vastu paddhati ko sthAvAn kahA gayA hai / syAt zabda tiGanta kA sarvatomakhI vicAra / vastu ma aneka dharma hone hai, ataH pratirUpaka avyaya hai| isake prazaMmA, astitva, vivAda, sabhI dharmoM ke prati samAna sadbhAvanA hI anekAnta dRSTi vicAraNa, anekAMta-sazaya prazna prAdi aneka artha hai| kA kArya hai, yathA--- mahAvIra ne ise anekAta kahA yA syAdvAd arthAt panebhane ke antA. dharmAH yasmin pAnekAnta.' kAntAtmaka vAkya jisakA spaSTa rUpa hai sunizcita tAsaya yaha hai ki vastu ke svarUpa kA sabhI dRSTiyo daSTi koNa / se pratipAdana / jo vastu nitya mAlUma hotI hai, vaha anekAta zabda vAkya hai aura syAdavAd vAcaka / anitya bhI hai| jahAM nityatA kA pratIti hAtA hai vahA syAt zabda joki nipAta hai, ekAta kA khaNDana karake pranityatA ke abhAva meM nityatA kA paha vAna nahI ho anekAta kA samarthana karatA hai, yathA-vAkyesvanekAta dyotI sakatI / nityatA aura anityatA sApakSa hai| gamya prati vizeSakaH / syAnnipAtoyogitvAt tava 'anakAta" zabda bahuvrIhi samAsayukta hai jisakA kevalinAmapi, 103 (praaptmiimaasaa)| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tAtparya hai pra-ka arthAt eka sa adhika dhamA, rUpo, guNo vastu kI yathArthatA ko ujAgara karane ke lie hI isakI aura paryAyo vAlA padAtha / padAtha aneka guNa rUpAtmaka upayogitA ko akSuNNa mAnA hai, isakI spaSTatA ko isa hAna ke sAtha vivikSA aura dRSTi koNA ka AdhAra para mA prakAra bhI parakheM anekAta hai, yathA "vadevatat tadava pratat vadavaka tadavA marvadhAtvaniSadhako anekAntatAdyAtakA naka yadava satat vAsatya deva nitya, tadavAnitya --- katha cidarthasyAt gabdo nipAt (pacAstikAya) mityakavastu----vastutvAnaspAdaparasarAvaruddhazAnti - ya yahI nahI varan syAvA majarI me bhI batAyA gayA prakAzanamanakAnta / ' hai ki syAdityavyaya manekantatAdyotakaM tataH syAdvAd anekAntavAda iti / anekAnta vastu kI anekAnta aneka mathot jAvatu tatsvarUpa hai vahA atatsvarUpa bhI hai, jo vastu eka hai vahA aneka bhI hai, jo vastu sat hai vahA dhAmikatA siddha karatA hai aura svAvAda usakI vyAkhyA karane me eka sApekSika mArga kA sUtrapAta karatA hai, jaba asat bhI hai / jI vastu nitya hai vahA anitya bhI hai| isa ki sAtabhagI usa mArga kA vyavasthita vizleSaNa kara use prakAra bhanakAnta eka hI vastu ma usaka vastutva guNa payAya pUrNatA pradAna karatI hai / ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki sattA ke niSpAdaka anaka dhama yugalA kA prakAzita karatA vastu yathArthatA ko parakhane ke lie anekAnta, syAdavAda hai| isa spasTata. isa udAharaNa ma bhI parakha--- aura saptabhaMgI kI akSuNNa upayogitA hai| "sadasannityAnityAdisasathaikAta pratikSepalakSaNo bhanekAnta pramANa aura naya kI dRSTi se kathaMcita anakAnta' anekAnta rUpa aura kathacita ekAntarUpa hai / pramANa kA vastu sat athavA masat hai, nitya hai athavA pranitya viSaya hone se vaha anekAnta rUpa hai / sAmAnyataH isake do mAdi parakhane kI paddhati kA nAma anekAMta hai| vastu ke bheda isa prakAra hai:-(1) samyaganakAnta jhAra mithyA
Page #35
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anekAnta anekAnta / paraspara sApekSa aneka dharmoM kA sakala bhAva se icchan pradhAna satvAchaviruddhaMgumphitaM gunnH| grahaNa karanA samyaganekAnta hai aura paraspara nirapekSa aneka sAMkhya saMkhyAvatAM mukhyonAnekAnta pratikSipeta / ' ghamoM kA grahaNa midhyA anekAnta hai / anya sApekSa eka arthAta eka jJAna ko anekAkAra mAnane vAle samajhaghama kA niSedha karake eka kI avadhAraNA karanA hii| dAra bauddhoM ko anekAnta kA pratikSepa nahIM karanA cAhie mithya kAnta hai| usI aneka prAkAra vAle eka citra rUpa ko mAnane vAle anekAnta arthAta sakalAdeza kA viSaya pramANAdhIna nayAyika aura vaizeSikoM ko anekAnta pratikSepa nahIM karanA hotA hai aura yaha ekAnta kI arthAt nayAdhIna viphalAdeza cAhie / sAkhyAcAryoM va anya ko bhI isakA pratikSepa nahI ke viSaya kI apekSA rakhatA hai| yahI tathya yU parakha / karanA cAhie kyoki bhanekAnta to vastu ke yathArtha rUpa anekAnto'pyane kAnta. pramANanayamAdhanaH / ko parakhane kA mAdhyama hai| anekAnapramANAtte tadekAntorzatAnnayAt / / pratyeka vastu virATa hai aura ananta-prananta aMzoM dharmoM prati pramANa aura naya kA viSaya hone se anekAnta, guNoM aura zaktiyoM kA piMDa hai arthAta vastu kA aneka pAne va dharmavAlA padArtha bhI anekAnna rUpa hai vaha jaba dharmAtmaka honA svAbhAvika hai|' pramANa ke dvArA samagrabhAga se gahIta hotA hai taba vaha ane eka manuSya jisa rUpa meM vastu ko dekha rahA hai usakA kAnta pane dharmAtmaka hai aura jaba kimI vivakSita naya strarUpa utanA hI nahI varan vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se kucha kA viSaya hotA hai taba ekAnta, eka dharma rUpa hai / uma aura bhI hai| jala padi eka manuSya kI pyAsa bujhAkara samaya zeSa dharma padArtha meM vidyamAna rahakara bhI dRSTi ke tRpti pradAna karatA hai, to vahI jala eka haije ke rogI ke mApane nahI hote / isa taraha padartha kI sthiti hara hAlata meM lie viSa tulya mRtyu kA kAraNa bhI bana jAtA hai / isI anekAnta rUpa hI siddha hotI hai| prakAra yadi dUdha svAsthyavarddhaka hai to vahI atisAra ke anekAnta dRSTi yA naya dRSTi virATa vastu ko jAnane rogI ke lie vipa tulya mRtyu kA kAraNa bhI hai / kahane kA vaha prakAra hai jisame vivakSita dharma ko jAnakara bhI kA tAtparya ki eka hI vastu vividha rUpa prakaTa karane ma anya dharmoM kA niSedha nahI kiyA jA satA, varan unhe sakSama hai| gauNa gA pravivakSita kara diyA jAtA hai / iga prakAra, jaba panRSNa kI dRSTi anekAnta ko dRSTigata karane vAlI bana vastu vodha hI dharma aura darzana kA uddezya hai bodha jAtI taba usake samabhAne kA DhaMga bhI nirAlA ho mukti kA mAdhana hai yapi vodha ke sAtha namratA, udAratA, jAtA hai, arthAta vastu tatva kA yathArtha pratidina kiyA niSpakSatA, sahiSNutA aura sAtvika jijJAsA hai taba vaha jAtA hai| prAtma vikAsa kI sIDhI hai| anekAnta kI varIyatA ko pararAva kara ho prAcArya anekAnta daSTi paraspara virodhI vAdo kA samanvaya hemacada ne vItarAga stotra me pahA hai ki --- karane vAlI paripUrNa satya kI pratiSThA karane vAlI aura vijJAnasya kamAkAra nAnAkAraka ramvitam / buddhi meM udAratA, namratA, mahiSNutA tathA sAtvikatA icchastathAgataH prAjJA nAnekAnta pratikSipeta / / utpanna karane vAlI hai| yaha vizva darzana ke lie eka citramekamaneka ca rUpam prAmANika vadan / anupama thAtI hai| 07 yogo vaizeSiko vApi nAnekAntapratikSipeta / / meghanagara (ma. pra.) 1. DA. mahendrakumAra--- jaina darzana, pR0 525 / 3. vItarAga stotra, 8 se 10 / 2. bRhatsyambhUstotra 102 / 4. syAvAda mamjarI, kArikA-5 /
Page #36
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ elAcArya : zabda-mImAMsA DA0 devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca (ma.pra.) [pratyeka lekhaka apane vicAroM ke lie svatantra hotA hai / prastuta lekha ke vidvAn lekhaka ne bhI apane svatantra vicAra vyakta kiye haiM / yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdana-maNDala lekhaka ke sabhI vicAroM se sahamata ho|-smpaadk] pratyeka bhASA ke zabda rUpo ke nirmANa ke apane kucha (3) "edeNa vayaNeNa suttasma desabhAsiyata jeNa jANAniyama hote hai / una niyamoM ke anusAra hI usakI zabda. vida neNa ca uNha gaINa utuccAraNAbaleNa elAisampadA kA vaibhava vRddhigata hotA rahatA hai| usa sampatti riyapasAeNa ya memakammApA grUvaNA kiirde|" ko dekha kara hama kisI bhI yuga meM usa bhASA kI zabda. __ - -kaSAyapAhuDa, bhA0 4 10 166 / sAmarthya, zabda-nirmANa kI kSamatA, rUpagata vikAsa eva (4) "ettha elAiriyavacchayasma Nicchayo ..." prAkRti kA nirNaya kara sakate haiN| isI sandarbha meM prastuta - jayadhavalA, pre0 10 1953 / "elAcArya" zabda kA vicAra karanA hI hame iSTa hai| (5) "ettha Na bAhai jIvmamelAirivacchato aladdhovajaina samAja kA bauddhika varga yaha bhalI bhAMti jAnatA desattAdo, doNhamekasA baahaannvlmbhaado| hai ki jaba se upAdhyAya manizrI vidyAnanda jo ko 'elA. __-kaSAyapAhuDa, bhA0 1, pR0 81 / cArya" pada se vibhUSita kiyA gayA, taba se isa zabda kI (6) kAle gate kiyatyapi tataH punshcitrkuuttpurvaasii| mora sabhI kA dhyAna AkRSTa hamA hai| jinhoMne kabhI zrImAnelAcAryo babhUva siddhAntatatvajJaH / / "elAcArya" nAma taka nahI sunA thA, ve bhI isake viSaya tasya samIpe makalaM siddhAntamadhItya vIra sena guruH / me jijJAsA rakhate hai / kaI loga pUcha cuke hai ki yaha kauna uparitama nibandhanAdyAdhikArAnaSTa ca lilekha / / sA pada hai ? tathA "elAcArya" kA matalaba kyA hotA hai ? - indranandi zrutAvatAra, zlo0 177, 178 / sarvaprathama hame yaha dekhanA hai ki "elAcArya' zabda inake atirikta, "kaSAyapAhuDa" me "elAiriya" kina-kina granthoM meM pAyA hai ? yaha to nizcita hai ki zabda kaI sthAno para milatA hai / prAcArya vIrasena svAmI prAkRta tathA saMskRta donoM bhASAoM meM racita jinAgama meM ne svaya matabhedo kA ullekha karate hue spaSTa rUpa se nirdeza ukta zabda kA prayoga humA hai / mUla granthoM ke uddharaNa isa kiyA hai ki bhaTTAraka elAcArya ke dvArA upadiSTa vyAdhyAna prakAra haiM samIcIna hone ke kAraNa grahaNa karane yogya hai / unake hI elAyariyassa diNANa dasa, mAyariyassa paNNarasa divsaa| zabdoM meM--- chijjati paragaNagayassa, puNa sapaNNassa vIsadiNA // "tado puvuttamelAiriyamaDAraeNa uvaiTThavakkhANameva -prAyazcitta grantha gA0 257 paTThANabhAveNa ettha ghetavya / " (1) elAyariyassa diNANa..... chedapiMDa, gA0 251 / -kaSAyapAhuDa, bhA0 1, pR0 162 / (2) jassAeseNa mae siddhAMtamidaM hi ahilahudaM / ukta sabhI prasago ko dhyAna se dekhane para spaSTa hai maha so elAiriyo pasiyau varavIraseNassa / / ki "chedapiNDa" ko chor3a kara sabhI sthaloM para "elAi. -ghavalA TIkA, pustaka 16, mansyaprazasti, gA.1 riya" zabda abhiSAnavAcaka hai| prAcArya vIrasena ke guru
Page #37
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ elAcA zabda mImAMsA ko nAma elAcArya thaa| ve cittaur3a (rAjasthAna ) me nivAsa karate the| jainAgama sAhitya me "elAcArya" nAma ke anya vidvAnoM kA bhI ullekha prApta hotA hai| paM paramAnanda zAstrI ne "jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa" (bhAga 2) me sUrasta gaNa ke vidvAna ravinandI prAcArya ke ziSya va tapasvI elAcArya kA paricaya diyA hai| apane usI grantha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne kauNDakundAnvaya ke bhaTTAraka kumAranandi ke ziSya "elAcArya" kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, jinake ziSya vardhamAna gurU the / sambhava hai ki 'elAcArya zrIra 'elavAcArya' eka hI vyakti kA nAma rahA ho, jo bolIbheda se uccAraNa meM bhinna rahA ho| donoM kA samaya bhI lagabhaga samAna kahA jAtA hai / 'elAcArya' zabda ke artha kA vicAra kareM, isake pahale yaha ucita pratIta hotA hai ki zabda racanA kI dRSTi se mImAMsA karanA upayukta hogA / 'elAcArya' prAkRta 'elAiriya' zabda kA rUpAntaraNa hai| prAkRta aura saMskRta donoM zabda do-do zabdo se saMyukta hokara bane hai, jaise ki 1. elA / 2. ela + AcArya / I ina donoM zabdoM meM 'ela' mUla zabda hai / zrAcArya zabda sAmAnya hai| AcArya zabda ke kaI artha hai / prakaraNa ke anuzara vAcaka hotA hai jaina zAstroM meM gRhasthAcArya, niyApikAcArya, patrAcArya siddhAntAcArya Adi zabdo me sAmAnya artha meM hI 'prAcArya' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai / jo apane-apane vidhi-vidhAnoM ko vizeSa rUpa se jAnate hA, vijJa ho, unako sAmAnya rUpa se prAcArya kahA jAtA hai, jaise ki pratiSThA kI vidhi bhalI bhAMti jAnatA ho, use pratiSThAcArya kahate hai| inake atirikta chattIsa guNoM ke dhAraka jainAcArya sAdhu kI viziSTa saMjJA hai / usase yahAM koI abhiprAya nahI hai| jinAgama meM prAcArya parameSThI ke kisI bheda kA varNana nahI milatA sA prAcArya use kahate hai, jo pAca prakAra ke prAcAra kA pAlana karate hai / prAcArya ke 36 guNa he vArah prakAra ke tapa, chaha zrAvazyaka, pAca prakAra ke zrAcAra, dasa prakAra ke dharma dhaura tIna guptiyoM kA pAlana karane vA 'elAcArya' zabda kI mImAMsA karate hue sarvaprathama 'ela' zabda kA vicAra karanA iSTa hai| yaha vicAraNIya hai ki 'ela' zabda' prAkRta kA hai yA saMskRta kA hai ? isa zabda kA mUla saMskRta prAkRta ke zabdakozo ko palaTane se 'ela' zabda kA eka hI artha lakSita huA hai, jo isa prakAra hai hapare caMdaNampi ekkaMgaM / pavisaMtammi emANo // he - dezInAmamAlA 1,144 'pAiprasadda mahaNNava' me 'ela' zabda ke do anya prathaM mRgo ko eka jAti, bher3a / ye donoM hI prathaM saskRta se prAgata pratIta hote hai| prAkRta me yaha eka dezI zabda hai jo kA vAcaka hai| dUsare zabdo me kuzala zrAcArya ko 'elAiriya' yA 'elAcArya' kahA jAtA thA / yaha zabda bhAratIya prArya bhASAoM ke vikAsa kAla me prayukta nahI hotA thaa| kisI prAcIna paramparA se Agata zabda hai / isa zabda kI racanA pravRtti yaha rahI hai ki cAhe prAkRta ho, cAhe saMskRta dono me samAna rUpa se eka jaisI rUpa-racanA meM isakA pracalana rahA hai jaise ki elAcArya, vAlAcArya kAlakAcArya prAdi elo kusale ekko elopya emapyahUdi 1 mUla zabda bhI eka jaisI racanA kI samAnatA ko ghoSita karane vAle hai; jaise ki ela, vela, phela prAdi / 'ela' zabda se 'ya' svAdhika pratyaya jur3a kara prAkRta meM 'elaya' tathA saMskRta meM 'ka' svArthika pratyaya saMyukta hokara 'elaka' mada kI racanA huii| jaina zAstroM meM 'ailaka' mora 'kSullaka' dono zabda 'bAla' yA 'laghu' parva meM prayukta hote hai / kevala elAcArya, bAlAcArya hI nahI helAcArya, kUvi lAcArya, gollAcArya, tumbulacArya, toraNAcArya, ugradityAcArya tathA mahAvIrAcArya jaise nAma bhI jaina itihAsa me milate hai| kucha nAmo ke zrabhidhAna kA kAraNa una-una sthAnoM meM nivAsa karane vAle vyakti ko vahA kA kahA jAtA hai; jaiseki koNDakunda' (kauNDakuNDala) sthAna ke nivAsI hone ke kAraNa dhAcArya kundakunda ko 'koNDa kundAcArya' kahA jAtA thaa| isI prakAra 'golla' deza ke rAjA hone ke kAraNa gollAcArya nAma prasiddha ho gayA /
Page #38
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 34, varSa 32, ki0:12 anekAnta isI taraha, bhAcArya vIrasena ke gurU bhI kisI 'ela' grAma apanI pravaziSTa prAya kA vicAra kara apane ziSya samudAya ke nivAsI rahe hoM, jisake kAraNa unakA nAma 'elAcArya' ko mora apane sthAna meM jisakI sthApanA kI hai aise bAla par3a gayA ho| prAcArya ko bulA kara saumyatithi, karaNa, nakSatra paura lana jaise ki paMcaparameSThI ke pado me 'prAcArya' eka pada hai, ke samaya zabha pradeza meM bAlAcArya ko apanA gaNa visajita vaise hI pA 'elAcArya' bhI koI paba hai ? jaba maiM yaha kara dete hai| lekha likha rahA hUM, tabhI guruvarya siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAza- isa prakaraNa meM 'bAlAcArya' koI pada nahIM hai| jaise candra jI siddhAntazAstrI kA eka lekha 'elAcArya pada ki bAlAcArya, yuvAcArya, vRddhAcArya avasthA se sambandha kalpanA' dekhane meM praayaa| isa lekha meM kaI mahattvapUrNa bAtoM rakhane ke kAraNa prayukta hone vAle zabda haiM, vaise hI vahAM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| prayama yaha 'prAcArya kundakunda para jisane abhI-abhI gaNa ko samhAlA hai, vaha 'bAlAcArya' ko aura vIrasena svAmI ke guru ko unake viziSTa guNoM kahA gayA hai| vAstava me pada to 'mAcArya' kA hai, 'bAla' ke kAraNa yaha pada diyA gayA thA, yaha kahA likhA hai ?' zabda to dazA kA vAcaka hai| gaNa kI paripATI calAne ke (jaina sandeza, pR0 246) / lie isa vidhi kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| jaise bAlamuni, dUsare, TIkA granthoM meM 'elAcArya' aura 'bAlAcArya' vRddhamani kA vyapadeza kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra bAlAsamAna artha meM prayukta hue hai| tIsare, jaba koI prAcArya cAyaM yA elAcArya samajhanA caahie| samAdhi prahaNa karatA hai, to vaha apane yogya ziSya ko 'bhagavatI mArAdhanA' kI mAthA 275 kI mUlArAdhanA prAcArya banAtA hai| samAdhi kA kAla bAraha varSa taka hai| TokA ye 'disaM' kA artha 'elAcArya' kiyA gayA hai kintu itane lambe kAla taka yadi prAcArya jIvita rahate hai, to vijayodayA' meM 'disa prAcArya' kaha kara prAcArya artha kiyA unake dvArA sthApita prAcArya elAcArya yA bAlA vArya gayA hai| vAstava meM kyA zabda-racanA kI dRSTi se, kyA zabda kahalAtA hai / (vahI, pR0 25.) / se aura kyA artha se prAkRta kA 'ela' zabda saMskRta 'bAla' yaha nizcita hai ki 'elAcArya' ke pada ke sambandha me kA vAcaka hai| donoM ke mUla bhAva meM prAja bhI 'prajJAnatA' 'bhagavatI pArAdhanA' aura 'mUlAcAra' granthoM meM mukhya rUpa kA bhAva chipA huA hai| prAgama meM bAla prAcArya hI nahIM se vivaraNa milatA hai / yahA para nimnalikhita uddharaNo ke jJAnaghAla aura cAritravAla kA vivaraNa bhI milatA hai| prAdhAra para sakSipta vicAra prastuta hai : ukta abhiprAya kA samarthana nimnalikhita gAthA se bhI (1) 'manuguroH pazcAt dizati vidhattaM caraNakrama- hotA hai| kahA haimizyanudika elAcAryastasmai vidhinaa|'-muulaaraadhnaa bhA0 prAgamado jo bAlo pariyAraNa va haveja jo baalo| 1, bA. 177 kI ttiikaa| tassa sagaM duvariyaM pAlocedUNa bAlamadI / / arthAt-gurU ke pazcAt jo muni caritra kA krama -mUlArAdhanA, gA0 598 jo mani mAgama se bAla hai arthAt jisako pAgama kA muni aura prAryAdika ko kahatA hai, usako anudiza arthAt jJAna nahI hai tathA jo cAritrabAla hai arthAt cAritra bhI elAcArya kahate hai| anudiza kA artha kyA hai ? yaha bhI jisakA zreSTha nahIM hai usako vAla kahate haiN| aise muni ke usI grantha se jAnanA caahie| kahA hai pAsa jAkara loI kalpajJAnI muni apane doSoM ko pAlokAla saMbhAvitA savvagaNamaNu disa ca vaahriy| canA karatA hai| somatihikaraNaNakhatavilagge magalogAsa / / yathArtha meM prAkRta ke 'ela' aura saMskRta ke 'elaka'bA - mUlArAdhanA, gA0 273 'elA' athavA laka' zabda meM artha meda hone para bhI mUla isa gAthA kI vijayodayA TIkA meM likhA hai bhAva meM koI asara nahI hai| saskRta meM 'elA' ilAyacI ko 'sadhvagaNaM savaMgaNaM aNu disa ca bAlAcArya ca / vAiriya kahate hai| yaha artha usake laghu prAkAra ke kAraNa prasiddha dhyAhRtya / ' (pR0 452) / 000 bhAva yaha hai ki sallekhanA ke lie udyata prAcArya 243, zikSaka kAlonI, nImaca (ma0pra0)
Page #39
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zramaNa saMskRti kA udAttadRSTikoNa mAnava samAja meM jaba vaicArika hAsa prA jAtA hai, taba usameM saMkIrNatA kA praveza hotA hai aura usakI cintana dhArA kA udAsa dRSTikoNa saMdha kevalake meM digbhrAnta ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM vizeSa rUpa se jAti aura dharma hI sItA ke praveza dvAra huA karate haiN| jAti aura dharma ke prati durAgraha yA ThAgraha hI vaicArika sakIrNatA ko janma detA hai| isa saMdarbha meM zramaNa-saMskRti kA dRSTikoNa isalie udAsa hai ki yaha vaicArika saMkIrNatA kA sarvathA pratyAkhyAna karatI hai / zramaNa saMskRti ghora vaidika saMskRti ke bIca aiti hAsika dRSTikoNa se koI spaSTa vibhAjaka rekhA nahIM khIMcI jA sktii| ye donoM saMskRtiyAM cakragati ke anukrama se samaya-samaya apanI sattA sthApita karatI rahI hai| jisa saMskRti meM jitanI ki vaicArika udAratA rahegI, adhika usakI sattA utanI hI avicala prora lokAdRta hogI / adhunA zramaNa saMskRti ke prati atyadhika lokAgraha kA kAraNa usakI vaicArika udAratA hI hai| koI bhI saMskRti mAnava-jijIviSA kI pUrti ke sAdhanoM kI prApti ke upAyoM kA samartha nirdeza tabhI kara sakatI hai, jaba ki vaha vaicArika dRSTi se apane ko kabhI anudAra nahI hone detii| isIlie, janakalyANa ke nimitta vaicArika udAratA kI zarta Avazyaka hI nahI, anivArya mAnI gaI hai| lohamArga kA netRtva vahI kara sakatA hai| jo vicAra se udAra hotA hai aura prAcAra kI dRSTi se 'prAtmanepadI' jo prAcAra kI dRSTi se kevala 'parasmaipadI' hotA hai, usakA vicAra yA prAcAra kabhI lokazApa nahI hotA / isIlie, sampUrNa bhAratIya saMskRti meM zrAtmacintana ko sarvopari mahatva diyA gayA hai| udAravAdI dRSTi se yaha spaSTa hai ki prAtmacintana kA sambandha prAtma-saMyama yA zrAtmaniyantraNa yA zrAtmadamana se jur3A huA hai| bhramaNa tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne zrAtmadamana ko bar3A kaThina batAyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai : appAce dameva prappA hu khalu duddama / ppA danto suhI hoi si loe parasya ya // - ( uttarA0, 1015) D pro0 zrI raMjana sUriveda par3hanA nizcaya hI durdama ghAramA kA damana karane vAlA vyakti hI isa loka aura paraloka meM sukhI hotA hai / prAramadamana AtmapIDana kA paryAya hai| bAtmA ke dhanukUla vedanIya sukha hai aura pratikUla vedanIya dukha tIrthaMkara puruSa cUMki sa bhUtahita ke prAkAMkSI hote hai, isalie ve pratikUla vedanIyatA para vijaya pAne ke nimitta bhAtmadamana yA bhAtmapIr3ana karate haiM, arthAt parajAna ke lie pratikUla ko anukUla banAkara pAtmasukha dhanubhava karate haiM aura sahI mAyane meM udAra vyakti vahI hotA hai, jo pala ke vinAza ke lie prAtmaduHkha ke varaNa karane meM hI sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| isIlie 'vasudevahiNTI' ke 'dhammila carita' me dharma kI paribhASA karate hue saMghadAsagaNivAcaka ne kahA hai- 'parassa dukkhakaraNaM ghamotti / ' isa prakAra, sampUrNa dhAmaNya saMskRti para duHkha ko vinAzamUlaka udAratA kI udAtta bhAvanA se zrotaprota hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke paMcayAma dharma meM zramaNa saMskRti ke udAtta dRSTikoNa kA hI bhavyatama viniyoga huA hai / mahimA, satya, asteya, bAnayaM aura aparigraha ye patroM sAdhAraNa jana jIvana ko udAtta dRSTikoNa se sabalita karane vAle aise vicAra-bindu hai, jinase samyaka darzana, sampaka jJAna pora samyakcAritra kI upalabdhi sambhava hotI hai aura mokSa kA mArga udghATita hotA hai| / lokapaNA yA lokahita zramaNa saMskRti ke udAtta dRSTikoNa kA mahanIya pakSa hai| cAdhunika lokadRSTi isa lie anudAra ho gaI hai ki vaha hiMsA, asatya, coyaMvRti, kAmalA aura sapati se mAkAta hai anudAratA hI saMkIrNa vicAra kI jananI hai| dhAma ke vakabar3a coga zrAja vakrajar3a dupakhyA ke viSa meM mUrchita hai / prAtmahita ke lie para hita kA pratyAkhyAna unakA dharma ho gayA hai| bhAsa-par3osa ke jalate hue gharo ke bIca apane ghara ko surakSita samajhane kA pramAda hI unakA zrAtmasaMskAra bana gayA hai| paradu:kha ke vinAza me grAma ko saho na mAnakara ve bhrAtmasukha ko paraduHkha kA kAraNa banAnA ucita samajhate hai | zramaNasaMskRti isI anudAra dRSTi ke nirmUlana ke prayAsa ke prati satata mAsyAzIla hai /
Page #40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 36, varSa 32, ki0 1.2 anekAnta zramaNa-saMskRti ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta ke milAvaTa, taskarI prAdi kA vyApAra parigraha kA hI jaghanyaudAtta dRSTikoNa kI tripuTI para mAdhRta hai / anekAnta kI tama rUpa hai / hama dhana se dUsare kI sahAyatA karate bhI hai, udAra vicAradhArA zramaNa-saMskRti kA mahAghaM avadAna hai| to svAmitva kI bhAvanA rakhakara hI / svAmitva kI bhAvanA anekAnta yadi vaicArika udAtta dRSTikoNa kA pratIka hai, kA tyAga hama nahI kara paate| isame aparigraha kA sahI | aura aparigraha prAcAragata udAratA kA pari- rUpa tirohita hI raha jAtA hai| prora phira, hama saMkIrNa cAyaka / zramaNa-saMskRti kA ahiMsAvAda bhI sImita parighi bhAvanA se Upara nahI uTha pAte, hamArA vaicArika daSTikI vastu nahIM hai / prANivadha jaisI dravyahiMsA se bhI adhika koNa udAtta nahI ho pAtA / zramaNa-saMskRti aparigraha ke dhyApaka bhAvahiMsA para zramaNa-saMskRti bala detI hai / usakA mAdhyama se hameM udAtta daSTikoNa pradAna karatI hai, jisase mantavya hai ki mUlataH bhAvahiMsA hI dravyahiMsA kA kAraNa hamAre antarmana me sarvodaya kI bhAvanA kA saMcAra hotA hai hai| yadi bhAvahiMsA para niyantraNa ho jAya, to phira dravya- aura janamAnasa grahaNa kI sakIrNa bhAvanA se tyAga kI sA kA prazna hI nahI utthe| Aja sAmAjika jIvana me udAttabhami kI pora abhimakha hotA hai| bhAvahiMsA kI pradhAnatA se hI dravyAhiMsA hotI hai aura yahI zramaNa-maMskRti kA anekAntabAda usakI udAtta dRSTi phira bhayakara yuddha aura bhISaNa raktapAta me pariNata ho kA eka aisA prakAza-stambha hai, jisase sampUrNa vizva kA jAtI hai| jIvana-darzana pAlokita hai| anekAnta, janasamudAya ko jAti aura dharma kI bhAvanA meM sakIrNatA pAne para durAgrahavAditA ko sakIrNa manovRtti se mukta hone kI hiMsA kA udaya svAbhAvika hai| isa sthiti me puNya kI preraNA detA hai| darzana ke kSetra meM yA phira jIvana ke paribhASA paropakAra na hokara sAmAnya vaiyaktika pUjA- vyAvahArika jagat me vyApta zreSTha-azreSTha kI bhAvanA ke meM ni.zeSa ho jAtI hai / jAtyabhimAna hape adhaHpatana vyAmoha kA vilopa anekAna se hI sambhava hai| nIrakI mora le jAtA hai aura isase hama mAnavatA kA nirAdara kSIra viveka kI samprApti ekamAtra anekAnta se hI ho kara baiThate haiN| isIlie, bhagavAn mahAvIra ne karmaNA jAti sakatI hai| sat ke prati Asakti aura asat ke prati kI paribhASA prastuta karate hue kahA : vairAgya anekAnta kI bhAvanA se hI AtA hai| kammuNA bambhaNo hoi kammuNA hoi khntipro| bhASika zuddhi kI dRSTi se sthAdvAda aura vaicArika kammaNA baisso hoi suddo havai kammaNA / / zuddhi kI dRSTi se anekAntavAda kI sthApanA zramaNa-- uttarA0, 25131 / saskRti kI udAttatA hI pAryantika rUpa hai| Aja hama mahisAbAda para anAsthA ke kAraNa ho aAja samAja kisI vastu ko ekAnta dRSTi se satya mAnane kA bhrama meM jAtigata hInabhAvanA kA vistAra ho rahA hai| jAti pAlate hai| kinta, anekAntavAda isa mrama ko dUra karatA ke sambandha meM hamArA dRSTikoNa udAtta nahIM raha gayA hai| hai| kisI vastu ko hama ekAnta dRSTi se satya mAnakara hama isIlie U~ca-nIca, chupAta bhAdi ke ghere meM bandI apanI anudAtta dRSTi kA hI paricaya dete haiN| koI bhI banate jA rahe hai| zramaNa-saMskRti isI durabhimAna ko mAnava ekAnta bhAva se pUrNa nahIM hotaa| yadi hama kisI canautI detI hai aura saghoSa udghoSaNA karatI hai : 'mettI darzana tatvajJa ko paNDita mAna lete hai, to yaha ekAnta me svvbhuuesu|' daSTi huI / sambhava hai, usa paNDita ko sAMkhyikI me tatvasAmAjika avadhAraNA ke sadarbha meM aparigrahavAda bhI jJatA prApta nahI, to phira use ekAnta bhAva se paNDita zramaNa-saskRti ke udAtta dRSTikoNa kA paricaya prastuta kahanA ucita bhI nhii| anekAnta dRSTi se darzana kI karatA hai| aparigraha kA tAtparya dhana ke prati svAmitva kI apekSA yadi vaha paNDita hai, to sAMkhyikI kI apekSA paDita bhAvanA kA parityAga hai| anAvazyaka saMcaya se sAmAnya nahI bhI hai : imI vicAradhArA ke AdhAra para anekAnta me lokajIvana ko kaSTa pahuMcatA hai| dhUsakhorI, jamAkhorI, 'saptabhaMgI naya' kI pratiSThA huI hai / isa natha ke dvArA hama
Page #41
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ amaga-saMskRti kA udAtta vRSTikoNa ekAnta se anekAnta kI pora prasthAna karate hai, jahA~ hameM siddhAnta kA samarthana karatI hai| vaha janA (tadvati tatprakAraka sampUrNa jAgatika sthiti kA sahI mabhijJAna prApta hotA hai jJAna) para prAsthA rakhatI hai, bAharI cAkacikya ko nakAra paura udAtta dRSTikoNa se saMvalita hone kA avasara milatA detI hai| vaha siddhAnto ke bhaTakAva kI sthiti nahI utpanna hai| sarvadharmasamanvaya kI samasyA kA samAdhAna bhI anekAnta krtii| vaha to jIvana ko santrAsa, kuNThA, pranAsthA, hI de sakatA hai| visagati mAdi durbhAvanAmoM ke ghAta pratidhAto se bacane ko jJAna prora dayA zramaNa-saMskRti ke merudaNDa hai| ye prerita karatI hai, tAki mAnava apanI mAnavatA kI carama donoM aise divya tattva hai, jinameM udAtta dRSTikoNa kA pariNati ke sumeru para virAjamAna ho sake, sizilA para apAra sAgara taraMgita hotA rahatA hai| koI bhI jJAnI prAsIna hokara palyopama bhUmi ko prAyatta kara sake / puruSa anadAra nahI ho sakatA aura kisI bhI dayAlu kI prAja kA mAnava nitAnta parigrahI ho gayA hai / usane vicAradhArA sakIrNa nahIM hotii| kintu, dayA kI bhAvanA apane irda-girda aneka prADambara cipakA rakhe hai| ajJAnatA kA udaya vinA jJAna ke sambhava nahI / isIlie, jinavANI aura dayAhInatA ke kAraNa vaha anapekSita mAbhijAtyakI mAtrika bhASA hai : 'paDhama pANa to dyaa|' zramaNa- bhAvanA me paDakara mAnavatA ko garimA se paricyuta ho saMskRti me jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jJAna bhI gayA hai| vaha bAhya jagat me prakarma ko karma bhora karma ko aisA, jo sva praura para ko samAna rUpa se prAbhAsita kare prakarma mAna baiThA hai| bhautikatA se pratiparicaya ke kAraNa aura usame kisI prakAra kA bAdhA-vyavadhAna na ho| isI- vaha pAdhyAtmikatA kI avajJA kara rahA hai| usakA koI lie prAcArya siddhasena ne kahA hai . 'pramANa svaparAbhAmi bhI kathana na to sucintita hotA hai, na hI vaha koI suvijJAnaM bAghavivajitam / ' udAtta dRSTikoNa ke lie jJAna cArita kArya kara pAtA hai| kula milAkara, prAdhunika kA honA anivArya hai aura jJAna kA kriyAnvayana dayA- mAnava-samAja me prAtmapradarzana kI mithyA gatAnugatikatA, bhAvanA se hI sambhava hai| jJAna kI hI sakriya avasthA kI aimI lahara chA gaI hai ki vaha sivAya dUsare kA chInane dayA hai| jJAna ko sakriyatA ke lie dayA anivArya hai| ke alAvA aura kucha soca hI nahIM sktaa| zramaNakahanA cAhie ki jJAna aura dayA donoM eka hI sikke saskRti ne isIlie, asteya-bhAvanA ko mAmAjika jIvana ke do pahalU haiN| isIlie, ananta jJAna se sampanna tIrthakara me pratiSThA dI hai| 'dayAlu' yA 'kalyANamitra' kI saMjJA se sambodhita hue| IzopaniSad kI 'tena tyaktena bhujI thA mA gRdhaH brahmacarya kI vyAkhyA meM bhI thamaNa-saMskRti ne udAra kasyasviddhanam' jaimI sAmAjika bhAvanA ko udbaddha karane daSTikoNa se kAma liyaa| hai anyatra jahA~ 'maraNa vindupAtena vAlI cetAvanI ko prAja ke mAnava ne najarandAja kara diyA jIvanaM bindudhAraNAt' kA kaThora nirdeza milatA hai, vahA hai, isIlie usameM cauryavRtti yA gaI hai : prAtmadhana kI zramaNa-saMskRti ne 'svadArasaMtoSitva vrata' ko brahmacarya kA apekSA paradhana ke prati tRSNA se nirantara pAkula-vyAkula ho darjA diyA hai| prAja brahmacarya ke nAma para unmukta yona- rapA hai| phalataH, usake sayama kA cAbuka bekAra ho gayA megha kA jo nagnatANDava daSTigata hotA hai, usakA saMyamana hai aura indriyoM ke ghor3e belagAma ho gaye hai| usake jaisA 'svadAra-santoSitva-vrata' se sahaja hI sambhava hai| ekamAtra kAmagaDa vyakti kAma se hI kAma ko zAnta karanA cAhatA apanI patnI meM hI saMtoSa ke vrata kA pAlana kiyA jAya, hai, aura isake lie vaha coyavRtti se hI apane sukhato kAmoSmA se pratapta mAdhunika samAja me sayama ke svargika santoSa kI sAmagrI jaTAne me prabala puruSArtha mAna rahA hai sukha kI pratAraNA ho jaay| aura hiMsA tathA mithyAtva ke prati ekAnta prAgrahazIla ho zramaNa-saskRti apane udAtta dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa hI uThA hai| vyaSTigata dhAraNA kI apekSA samaSTigata dhAraNA ke prati sArasvata jagata meM bhI prAja ajIva chInA-jhapaTI cala mAmahazIla hai| vaha 'bhUmA ve sukhaM nAlpe sukhamasti' ke rahI hai| gItA kI 'svadharma nidhana yaH paradharmo bhayAvahaH'
Page #42
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 38, varSa 32, ki. 1-2 kI cetAvanI bhI use yAda nahIM raha gaI hai| phalataH usakI nissandeha, kevala sira malA lene se koI zramaNa nahIM jindagI kI gAr3I samatala saDaka ko chor3a Ubar3a-khAbar3a hotA, na hI prakAra ke japa se brAhmaNa / jaMgala meM rahane se rAste meM daur3a par3I hai| kRtrima pAzcAtya saMskRti kI hI muni nahIM hotA thora va kuza tathA cIvara dhAraNa karane cakAcauMva meM par3a kara usane apanI sahaja paurasya saskRti se tapasvI / vastutaH, jo samatA se sampanna hai, vahI zramaNa kI upekSA kara dI hai| yahAM taka ki vaha apanI bhASA aura hai, brahma vayaM kA upAsaka hI brAhmaNa hai, jJAnI hI muSi haiM sAhitya ko bhI vaha mUlyahIna mAnane lagA hai| usake pora tapa karane vAlA ho tpsvii|| mUlyAMkana ko tulA hI prabhAratIya ho gaI hai| isa prakAra, zramaNa-saMskRti ne pratyeka vyakti ko utthAna yahI kAraNa hai ki prAdhunika mAnava vibhinna matavAdoM ke mArga kA adhikArI ghoSita kiyA hai| apanI sAdhanA paura sAmpradAyika rUr3hiyoM kI vAtyA me viluNThita ho rahA se sarvasAmAnya vyakti bhI pAramazvayaM ko siddhi sulabha kara hai / upakA apanA jJAnabodha ahaMkAra ke adhere meM Daba gayA sakatA hai| zramaNa-saMskRti ne Izvara ke kartutva ko nakArate hai| aisI sthiti meM zramaNa-saskRti ke payAma dharma ko hue mAnava ke majeya puruSArtha ke prati praDiga pAsthA mabhiprojjvala prabhA usake timirAvata hRdaya ko bhAsvara banA vyakta kI haiN| prAtmazakti ke prati vizvAsa ho jAne ke sakatI hai| usake digbhraSTa jIvana-pota ke lie anekAmta kAraNa hI vaha kisI pAramezvarI zakti kI kalpanA kara jayapatAkA dizAsUcaka yAtra kA kAma kara sakatI hai| usake prati samarpita ho jAtA hai| paravartI-kAlIna bhakta kyoMki, zramaNa-saMskRti ke pacayAma dharma meM mAnava kI kavi caNDIdAsa kI prasiddha kAmya-paMkti-'saMvAra Upare cetanA ko anAvazyaka prAgraha se alaga kara prakSita pranA- mAnusa satya' me zramaNa saMskRti kA hI udAtta daSTikoNa graha ke jyotipatha kI pora le calane kI aparimita zakti samAhita hai| hai| kahanA na hogA ki zramaNa-saskRti me jIvana ke zramaNa-saMskRti ke udAtta vicArapradhAna dArzanika se pravAha dhArmika citana ne rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAndhI ko bhI anukalita kiyA arva paripAlaka prADambaro thA aura gAndhI jo ke prasiddha gyAraha vratoM me prArambha ke kA pratikSepa, saiddhAntika matoM kA samanvaya, sAmAbika pAMca vrata bhagavAn mahAvIra ke hI paMcayAma dharma se prAkalita jIvana me samatAvAda kI sthApanA ke dvArA strI-puruSoM ke haiN| kahanA yaha cAhie ki mahAtmA gAndhI kA jIvana-darzana lie mamAna pragati kI yojanA, adhika dhana kA pratyAkhyAna zramaNa saskRti ke jIvana-darzaya kA hI paravartI vyApaka paura prApta dhana kA svAmitva-hIna samAna vitaraNa, pujI- vistAra hai, jisakI udAna vicAradhArA paramparAnukrama se vAda kA virodha, UMca-nIca aura spRzyAspRzya jaisI samA- vikasita hokara pAja kI sAmAjika evaM bhAthika abhyUjotthAna-virodhI bhAvanA kA nirAkaraNa prAdi--prati- tyAnamUlaka rASTrIya yojanA viMza-sUtrI kAryakrama se prA jur3I nihita hai, jinase usake udAtta dRSTikoNa kA pratyakSa hai| isalie, yaha kahanA atizayokti na hogI ki rASTrIya parijJAna prApta hotA hai| abhiyAna ke pratyeka par3Ava para yA sAmAjika jIvana ke hara zramaNa-saskRti meM zramaNa, brAhmaNa, mani aura nApasa mor3a para pragati aura utkarSa kA mantra phakane vAlI zramaNake lie kisI nirdhArita veza-vizeSa kI bhAvazyakatA nhiiN| saMskRti ko kisI viziSTa deza, kAla, mAyu, nAma, gotra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne inakI paribhASA upasthita karate hue mAdi kI sImA meM rakhakara dekhane kI apekSA sampUrNa vizva nirdeza kiyA hai : ke sandarbha me magalakArI udAtta daSTikoNa kA hI paryAya na vi muNDieNa samaNo na mokAreNa bambhaNo / samajhanA samIcIna hai| na muNI ra Na vAseNa kusacIreNa na tAvaso / samayAe samaNo hoi bampacereNa bmmnno| sampAdaka, 'pariSad-patrikA', bihAra-rASTrabhASA-pariSad, NANeNa ya muNo hoi taveNa hoi taapso|| padanA-800004
Page #43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mUrti-pUjA kI pratIkAtmakatA pratIka kI svIkRti mAnava saMskRti me pratIka kI svIkRti uttanI hI prAcIna hai jitanI mAnava kI jJAna cetanA / pratyakSa vastu ko zabdoM dvArA prakaTa karane kI prathama ceSTA ne hI pratIka kI mAnyatA kA sUtrapAta kiyA pratIka vikAsa / samaya ke sAtha pratIka kA bhI vistAra hotA gayA aura vaha aba zabdoM taka hI sImita na raha gyaa| zabdo sa adhika sarala aura sakSipta pratIka dUsarA nahIM, parantu kabhIkabhI aspaSTa yA pradRzya vastuo kA sarvasAdhAraNa ko bodha karAne meM zabda asaphala bhI ho jAte hai| aisI sthiti meM kisI ko prabhISTa vastu kA pratIka mAnA jAne lagA / vastu eka vastu ke pratIka ke rUpa meM dUsarI vastu kI hI svIkRti apane prApa me eka bahuta bar3I ghaTanA thI / pratIkAtmaka vastu hI Age calakara do rUpoM meM pariNata huI / usakA prathama rUpa thA -- pratadAkAra, jise hama yathArtha zabdo meM "nagar3ha" kahe to adhika pracchA hogaa| miTTI ke Dhele yA patthara ke Tukar3e se parvata kA aura jala kI kSudra dhArA se vizAla nadI kA bodha karAnA bhI pratIkoM meM sthAna pAtA hai / yahI dvitIya takSakAra pratIka kI mAnyatA kA sUtrapAta hai / pratIka ke vibhinna rUpa , aba hamAre samakSa pratIka ke sIna rUpa spaSTa hai : (1) zabdAtmaka, ( 2 ) pratadAkAra zrIra (3) tadAkAra / vartamAna vicArako prora dArzanikoM ke vicAra se aba kadAcit zabdAtmaka pratoka ko pratIka koTi mena rakhA jAe, para zeSa do pratIka tI aba bhI mAnya haiM / mAnava kI vivecanAtmaka yA upayogI anupayogI vastuoM meM matabheda karane kI yogyatA ke vikAsa ke sAtha pratIka mAnyatA ne bhI vibhinna rUpa dhAraNa kiye upayogI [D] DA0 bhAgacandra jaMna 'bhAgendu' vastu kA pratIka zubha mAnA jAne lagA aura anupayogI vastu kA pratIka prazubha / yahI se pratIko ke prati sammAna yA sammAna kA bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| upayogI yA dhabhISTa vastu ke pratIka kI kalpanA adhika sundara rUpa me kI gayI / prArambha me usakI tadAkAratA yA pratadAkAratA para kama dhyAna diyA gayA, parantu mAnava me jyoM-jyo kalAbodha vikasita humA yo po pratIka kI tadAkArA kI mahatva milatA gayA / tadAkAra pratIka ko mahattva isalie bhI milA ki vaha mAnava-bhAvanA ko adAkAra pratIka kI apekSA adhika zIghratA evaM sundaratA se jAmUta kara letA hai| mUrti - kalpanA pratIka ke kSetra me mAnava kI sundaratama upalabdhi thI mUrti kI kalpanA usane prArambha me jaba apane sarvAdhika priya vyakti ko mUrti ke rUpa meM prastuta kara liyA taba vaha apanI prapUrva saphalatA para jhUma uThA hogaa| mUrti rUpa pratIka kI lokapriyatA nirantara baDhI aura aba bhI baDha rahI hai / yaha pratIka bhI samaya kama se zubha evaM prazubha ke rUpa me vibhakta ho claa| prazubha vastu ko mUrtarUpa pratIka dene meM mAnava ne apanA anumAna anubhava kiyA aura yahI kAraNa hai ki anuyogI yA durupayogI vastu ke pratIka yA to mUrtarUpa nahIM hote yA unakA mUrtarUpa utanA sughar3a tathA kalApUrNa nahI hotA, jitanA ki upayogI vastupro kA | mUrti-pUjA kA janma mUrUpa pratIka cUMki upayogI yA prabhISTa vastu kA hI banAyA jAne lagA, ataH usakI mAnyatA bhI baDha clii| yaha mAnyatA vibhinna rUpoM meM prakaTa huii| mUrti ko surakSita tathA sundara sthAna meM rakhA gyaa| abhISTa preraNA yA zaktisavAra ke lie usake sAmayika yA dainika darzana kA vidhAna kiyA jAne lgaa| yahI se "mUrtipUjA" kI prathA ko janma milA /
Page #44
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 40, varSa 32, ki01.2 anekAnta isa dRSTi se, itane se uddezya-se hI yadi mUrti pUjA diyA gayA yA mukhya mUrti ke samIpa khii| svIkRti mAna leM to kahanA hogA ki Aja saMsAra meM jaina dharma aura mUrti-pUjA kadAcit aisA koI vyakti nahI, jo mUrti-pUjaka na ho| jaina mUrtiyo ke nirmANa aura unakI pUjA-pratiSThA ke parantu mAnava ne jaba jaba se bhaugolika, sAskRtika evaM vivaraNa prAcInakAla se hI prApta hote hai / jaina dharma meM do rAjanItika dRSTiyoM se apanI sImAyeM sakIrNa kI yA aisI prakAra kI mUrtiyA svIkAra kI gayI hai-1. kRtrima tathA sImAmoM kA anubhava kiyA, tabase usakI mUrti-pUjA ne bho 2. prakRtrima / jana sAhitya meM kRtrima mUrtiyoM kI apekSA deza, kAla tathA paristhiti ke anukala rUpa-rUpAntara dhAraNa akRtrima matiyoM kI saMkhyA asaMkhya guNI vaNita hai| jaise kie| kahI tadAkAra mUrti-rUpa pramIka kI pUjA prArambha kRtrima aura prakRtrima ke bheda se mUrtiyAM do prakAra kI huI, huI to kahI atadAkAra mUrti-rUpa kii| usI prakAra caityAlaya bhI do prakAra ke hote hai-1. kRtrima jahA taka bhArata kA prazna hai. yahA tadAkAra mUrtarUpa caityAlaya evaM 2. akRtrima caityaaly| pratIka ko hI adhikatara pUjA prApta huii| aba se pacAsa ye caityAlaya nandIzvara dvIpa, sumeru, kulAcala, vaitADhya zata kI pUrva yahA mUrti-pUjA pracalita thii| usase paccIsa parvata, zAlmalI vRkSa, jambUvRkSa, vakSAragiri, caMtyavRkSa, zatAbdo pazcAt yahA usakI jar3e itanI gaharI jama cako ratikaragiri, rucakagiri, kaMDalagiri, iSvAkAragiri, thI ki mahAtmA buddha jaise adbhuta prabhAvazAlI vyakti ke aMjana giri, mAnuSottara parvata, dadhimukha parvata, jyotirloka, prAdeza kA ullaghana karake bhI manuSya ne mUrti-pUjA ca lU vyantaraloka, svargaloka tathA bhavanavAsiyo ke pAtAla loka rkhii| me prApta hote hai| ina prakRtrima caityAlayoM meM prakRtrima pUjA pUjya puruSa kI kI jAtI hai| yadi pUjya puruSa mUrtiyAM virAjamAna haiN| yuga ke prArambha me sodharmendra ne vidyamAna na ho to usakI mUrti banAkara usake mAdhyama se ayodhyA meM pAMca mandira,banAe tathA unameM prakRtrima mUrtiyAM pUjya puruSa kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| tadAkAra sthApanA kA sthApita kii| abhiprAya bhI aisA hI hai| sarvaprathama bharata cakravartI ne ayodhyA evaM kailAza me mUrtiyoM ke pAtra madiroM kA nirmANa karAkara svarNa aura ratnoM kI kRtrima " mUrti ke pAtro ke rUpa me bhArata meM -ziva, viSNa, mUrtiyAM virAjamAna karAI tathA jisa sthAna para bAhubalI RSabha -pAzrvanAtha, mahAvIra aura buddha jaisI mahAn vibhU ne eka varSa taka pracala pratimAyoga dhAraNa kiyA thA, usa tiyA svIkRti ko jAne lgii| kintu kadAcit janasakhyA sthAna para unhI ke prAkAra (525 dhanuSa) ko mUrti banake bistAra va ruci-vabhinya ke phalasvarUpa mUrti ke pAtro vaayii| granthoM me varNana prApta hotA hai ki-dvitIya tIrthame vRddhi ho clii| prAkRtika zaktiyo ko, jinhe praba Gkara ajitanAtha ke samaya meM cakravartI sagara suputroM ne evaM taka zabdAtmaka yA pratadAkAra pratIka hI prApta the, aba 20veM tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha ke tIrtha me munirAja vAlI mRtarUpa pratIka prApta hone lage, yadyapi aisI mUrtiyo ko evaM pratinArAyaNa rAvaNa ne kailAza parvata para una jinAvaha mAnyatA kabhI nahIM milI jo pUrva svIkRta ziva mAdi layo ke aura zrI rAmacandra tathA sItA ne bAhubalI svAmI kI mUrtiyoM ko prApta huI aura phira ina pAtro kI saMkhyA kI ukta mUrti ke darzana-pUjana kie the| pradhika baDhI ki unake prati pUjA kI bhAvanA apekSAkRta jaina dharma meM pratIka nirbala ho gyii| phalasvarUpa unhe vaha malakaraNa aura sthAna pratIka kA astitva jaina-dharma me mAdikAla se rahA bhI prApta na ho sakA jo pUrva svIkRta mUtiyo ko humaa| hai| zAstrIya vidhAnoM ke anusAra kucha mUrtiyAM bhora maMdira yahI kAraNa hai ki anya mUrtiyo ko pUrva-svIkRta mUtiyo ke (jinakA ullekha Upara ke anuccheda meM kiyA gayA hai) to paricAyaka yA pUraka ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gyaa| jaba aise haiM jo kevala prakRti kI dena hai', unakA na ghATi hai eka mati ke lie mandira kA nirmANa kiyA gayA taba anya bhaura na panta / yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki vartamAna manuSya una matiyoM ko yA to madira ke sajjAgata tatvA ma sthAna taka pahuMcanakA katyAkatrima cAru caityAnilayAn nityaM trilokogatAn / vande bhAvanadhyatarAn pativarAn svargAmarAvAsagAn / /
Page #45
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ manuSya dvArA nirmita prAnInatama jana mUrti kauna hai, kisI eka yA adhika ko mUrti ke sAtha utkIrNa kiyA yaha vicAraNIya hai| paTanA saMgrahAlaya meM lohAnIpura se ' jAtA thaa| paravartI kAla meM lAnchanoM kI vyavasthA prApta mauryakAlIna eka jana mUrti pradarzita hai'| lohAnIpura aura unheM bhUtiyoM ke pAdapITha para utkIrNa kiyA jAne lgaa| (paTanA) meM eka jaina mandira kI nIva bhI milI hai| jana-dharma meM samavazaraNa, sahanakUTa, siddhacakra, praSTahar3appA meM bhI eka nagna mUrti prApta huI hai| ina donoM maMgala, praSTaprAtihArya, solaha svapna, caraNapAdukA, navaniSi, matiyoM meM paramparA pora lakSaNoM kI dRSTi se itanI adhika navagraha mAdi bhI pratIka rUpa meM svIkRta hokara pUjita haiN| samAnatA hai ki haDappA kI mUrti ko jaina kahane meM saMkoca uparyukta vivecana se yaha suspaSTa hai ki-pUjA pUjya nahIM hotaa| sva. pro. prANanAtha vidyAlakAra (banArasa puruSa ko hotI hai| pUjya puruSa ke samakSa na hone para pratIka hinda vizvavidyAlaya) ne sindhu ghATI meM hI prApta eka mudrA rUpa meM usakI mUrti ke mAdhyama se usake guNoM kA smaraNa (kramAMka 446) para "jinezva" par3hA thaa| ina sabake kara apane vikAsa-utthAna pora kalyANa kA mArga sunivicata prAdhAra para jana mUti kI prAcInatA aba sa lagabhaga 5000 kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki sAMsArika varSa pUrva mAnI jaaegii| taba se nirantara aneka prakArIya kArya kalApo me ulajhe prANI mUrti ko pratIka rUpa meM hI upAdAnoM se mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa hotA pAyA hai| isa krama mAnate ghora pUjate hai / isa upAsanA kA tAtparya yahI hai ki jIvanta svAmI kI mUrti tathA kaliMgAdhipati khAravela ke sarvasAdhAraNa prANI aise mahApuruSoM ke darzana-pUjana se unake hAthI gumphA abhilekha meM ullikhita jina pratimA ke saMdarbha caraNa-cihno para calane tathA unakI zikSAmoM ko mAramatathA matharA, devagar3ha, pabhosAmAdi meM upalabdha prAcIna jaina sAta karane kI preraNA prApta kara sakeM, jinhoMne svayaM apane mUrtiyAM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| purudhArtha se "paramAtmA pada" pAyA hai| kyoMki sAdhanA ke jaina dharma meM prAcInakAla se tadAkAra pratIkoM ke prati pazcAt vaha svaya anubhava karane lagegA kirikta matadAkAra pratIkoM ko mAnyatA bhI rahI hai| pratavA- "ya paramAtmA sa evAha, yo'haM sa: paramastataH / kAra pratIkoM meM mukhya aura paramparAgata hai-dharma cakra, stUpa, prahameva mayopAsyo nAnyaH kazciditi sthitiH|| viratna, caityavRkSa, pUrNaghaTa, zrIvatsa, zarAba sampuTa, puSpapAtra, jo paramAtmA hai vahI maiM hUM, jo maiM hUM, vahI paramAtmA hai| puSpa paTalaka, svastika prAdi / eka anya mahattvapUrNa pratIka mere aura paramAtmA ke svabhAva me koI antara nahIM hai| 'mAyAgapaTTa, bhI rahA hai| yaha eka vargAkAra yA bhAyatAkAra ataH mere dvArA maiM svayaM hI upAsanA ke yogya hUM, anya koI zilApaTTa hotA hai jisa para kucha anya pratIka utkIrNa hote nahI, vAstavika sthiti aisI hI hai / hai| kucha para madhya meM tIthaMkara kI laghumUrti prakita hotI parantu yaha mArga usI sAdhaka ke lie upatukta hai jo hai| kucha abhilikhita mAyAgapaTToM se vidita hotA hai ki mAtmAnubhava ke pramRta-mArga meM pUrNataH praviSTa ho gayA hai| ve pUjA ke uddezya se sthApita kie jAte the| mathurA tathA sAMsArika viSaya-vAsanA me vyasta mAnava ko prAthamika kauzAmbI se bhaneka sundara zaka-kuSANakAlIna bhAyAgapaTTa vikAsa kA mArga pratIka rUpa meM prayukta mUrtiyo kI pUjAprApta hue haiN| upAsanA se hI prApta hotA hai| 00 tIrthakaroM ke lAJchana bhI pratIka kahe jA sakate haiM / prAdhyApaka, zAsakIya snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, pahacAna ke lie tIrthakara kA nAma yA paMcakalyANakoM meM se damoha (ma.pra.) 1. dekhiye, (ma) viseMTa e. smitha : e hisTrI ghApha ina iDiyA eNDa sIlona, phalaka dI, prAkRti sa tathA phAina mArTa ina iDiyA eNDa sIlona, pR. 20 tathA phanaka 10, mAkRti-sa / (ba) mAra0 sI0 majamadAra: madAra: 3. praura bhI dekhie, (ma) paM0 sumeracandra divAkara : jaina 3. dI eja mApha impIriyala yUnITI, pR0 426 / zAsana, pR0 313, (ba) muni vidyAnanda : zramaNa saMskRti kA itihAsa : sanmati samdeza (agasta 2. dekhie, bI. e. smitha: e hisTrI mASa phAina mArTa 1666), pR0 13 /
Page #46
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ R. N. 10591/82 vIra-sevA-mandira ke upayogI prakAzana purAtama mavAlya-sUcI: prAkRta ke prAcIna 46 mUla-granthoM kI padyAnukramaNI, jisake sAtha TIkAdi pranthoM meM udRta dUsare pakSoM kI bhI anukramaNI lagI huI hai / saba milAkara 25353 payavAkyoM kI sUcI / saMpAdaka mustAra thI jugalakizora jI kI gaveSaNApUrNa mahattva kI 7 pRSTha kI prastAvanA se alaMkRta, DA. kAlIdAsa nAga, ema. e., DI. liTa. ke prAkkathana (Foreword) aura ma0 e. ena. upAdhye, ema. e.,DI.liTa. kI bhUmikA (Introduction) se bhUSita hai| zoSa-khoja ke vidvAnoM ke lie pratIva upayogI, bar3A sAija, majilda / 15... mAptaparIbhA: zrI vidyAnandAcArya kI svopajJa saTIka bhapUrva kRti, prAptoM kI parIkSA dvArA Izvara-viSayaka sundara vivecana ko lie hae, nyAyAcArya paM darabArIlAlajI ke hindI anuvAda se yukta, sajilda / 6.00 svayambhU stotra : samantabhadra bhAratI kA pUrva pragya, mukhtAra zrI jugalakizorajI ke hindI anuvAda tathA mahatva kI gaveSaNApUrNa prastAvanA se suzobhita / skRtividyA : svAmI samantabhadra kI manokhI kRti, pApoM ke jItane kI kalA, maTIka, mAnuvAda mora thI jugala. kizora mustAra kI mahatva kI prastAvanAdi se mala kRta, sundara, jilda-sahita / adhyAtmakamalamAsaNa : paMcAdhyAyIkAra kavi rAjamala kI sundara prAdhyAtmika racanA, hindI-anuvAda-sahita / pazyanuzAsana : tattvajJAna se paripUrNa, samantabhadra kI asAdhAraNa kRti, jisakA prabhI taka hindI anuvAda nahI humA thA / mustAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda aura prastAvanAdi se alakRta, sajilda / ... 1.25 samIcIna dharmazAstra : svAmI samantabhadra kA gRhasthAcAra-viSayaka pratyuttama prAcIna grantha, mukhtAra zrIjugalakizora jI ke vivecanAtmaka hindI bhASya aura gaveSaNAtmaka prastAvanA se yukta, sajilda / .. 390 maprApa-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1: saMskRta aura prAkRta ke 171 aprakAzita grantho kI prazastiyo kA magalAcaraNa sahita apUrva saMgraha, upayogI 11 pariziSToM mora paM0 paramAnanda zAstro kI itihAsa-viSayaka sAhitya - paricayAtmaka prastAvanA se alaMkRta, sajilda / ... samAdhitantra aura isTopadeza : adhyAtmakRti, pa0 paramAnanda zAstrI kI hindI TIkA sahita pAvaNabelagola aura damiNa ke anya jaina tIrtha : zrI rAjakRSNa jaina .... 1.25 madhyAtma rahasya :paM. mAzAdhara kI sundara kRti, mukhtAradhI ke hindI anuvAda sahita / janapampa-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 2: apabhraMza ke 122 aprakAzita granpo kI prazastiyo kA mahatvapUrNa sh| pcpn| pranthakAroM ke aitihAsika graMtha-paricaya pora pariziSToM sahita / sa. pa. paramAnanda shaastrii| mjild| 12.00 gyAya-bIpikA : mA. abhinava dharmabhUSaNa kI kRti kA pro00 darabArIlAnajI nyAyAcA dvArA sa* anu| 7.00 kama sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizara prakAza : pRSTha salyA 74, sajilda / kasAyapAhumasutta : mUla anya kI racanA mAja se do hajAra varSa pUrva zrI guNadharAcArya ne kI, jisa para zrI pativRSabhAcArya ne pandraha sau varSa pUrva chaha hajAra zloka pramANa cUNisUtra likhe / sampAdaka pa hIrAlAlajI siddhaant-shaastrii| upayogI pariziSTo pora hindI anuvAda ke sAtha bar3e sAija ke 1000 se bhI adhika pRSThoM meN| puSTa kAgaja aura kapar3e kI pakkI jilda / ... 20.00 Reality : mA. pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi kA aMgrejI meM anuvAda / baDe prAkAra ke 300 pR., pakkI jilda zaMna nivAba-ratnAvalI : zrI milApacandra tathA zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA dhyAnazataka (dhyAnastava sahita) : saMpAdaka paM. bAlacandra siddhAnta-zAstrI 12-00 bhAvaka dharma saMhitA : zrI barayAvasiMha soSiyA ana lamaNAvalI (tIna bhAgoM meM): (tRtIya bhAga mudraNAdhIna) prathama bhAga 25.00; dvitIya bhAga 25.00 Jain Bibliography (Universal Encyclopaedia of Jain References) (Pages 250C) (Under print) prakAzaka-bIra sevA mandira ke lie rUpANI priTiMga hAusa, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 se mudrit|
Page #47
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ traimAsika zodha-patrikA anekAnta barSa 32 : kiraNa 3.4 julAI-ritambara 1979 viSayAnuna maNikA sampAvana-maNDala hA.jyotiprasAsana kra. viSaya DA0premasAgara jaina / 1. mahAvIra stavana zrI gokulaprasAda jaina 2. zramaNa paramparA-siddhAntAcArya pa0 kailApA candra jaina zAstrI, vArANasI 3. dhyAna viSayaka mahattvapUrNa jaina graMya dhyAna zataka mora usake vividha saMskaraNa -zrI magara candra nAhATA, vIkAnera 4. jaina vAGgamaya kA saMgIta pakSa -bI pyArelAla zrImAla 'sarasa paMDita' 5 prAkRta kA bRhadravya-saMgraha aura usakI mahattA -paM0 nAthUrAma jaina 'DoMgarIya', indaura sampAdaka 6. mahAvIra savat : bhArata kA sarvaprAcIna saMvat 57 zrI gokulaprasAda jaina ema.e., ela-ela. bI., 7. bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vicAra tathA kRtitva : 57 sAhityaratna samasta vizva ke lie anupama dharohara - DA. rAmakumAra varmA 8. jainAcArya aura prAyurveda-zrI rAja kumAra jaina 56 ..baddha aura mahAvIra-DA. deva mahAya triveda 62 11. sAMkhya-darzana me sRSTi-nirmANa : tulanAtmaka vivecana -suzrI maMja surAnA, mAmarA 11. jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA-DA. nijAmuddIna 67 vArSika mUlya 6) rupaye 5) papa | 12. jinAgama meM pratipAdita upacarita kathana kA isa aMka kA mUlya: / rahasya -zrI mahAcandra jaina, imphAla 1paye 50paise (pAsAma) 65 ekhik vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2
Page #48
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vIra-sevA-mandira ke manasvo mahAsaciva zrI mahendra sena jainI kA dehAvasAna sAhitya-jagat evaM samAja kI prapUraNIya kSati atyanta kheda hai ki vIra-sevA-mandira, dillI ke udAracetA mahAsaciva zrI mahendra sena jainI kA dIrghakAlIna rugNatA ke pazcAt 4 sitambara, 1976 ko svargavAsa ho gyaa| ve pratyAta dharmAtmA, sAhitya-premI, samAjasevI eva adhyavasAyI the| unake nidhana se sAhitya jagat paura samAja kI jo bhArI kSati huI hai, usakI pratipUrti durlabha hai| zrI jainI kA janma 20 janavarI, 1920 ko lakhanaU me humA thaa| ucca zikSA saMprApti ke pazcAt mApane sakriya jIvana meM praveza kiyA tathA pUrNa lagana aura anavarata adhyavasAyapUrvaka prApane vibhinna kArya-kSetroM me pUrNa saphalatA prApta kI evaM UMce-se-UMce padoM ko sazobhita kiyaa| pApa saritA eva kAravA nAmaka patrikAmoM meM sekreTarI rahe aura tatpazcAta bhArata sarakAra ke "maMnika samAcAra" nAmaka patra meM mApane vijJApana prabandhaka ke pada para ilAghanIya kArya kiyaa| tadanantara prApane aneka varSa paryanta bhArata sarakAra ke prakAzana vibhAga (sUcanA zrI mahendra sena jainI eva prasAraNa matrAlaya) me mahAyaka vyApAra prabandhaka aura taduparAnta vyA. pAra prabandhaka jase garimApUrNa pado para kArya kiyaa| isake bAda prApane vidhi, nyAya bhora kampanI kArya matrAlaya ke vidhi-sAhitya-prakAzana me prakAzana eva vikraya prabandhaka ke mahatvapUrNa pada para kArya kiyA paura vahI se 1 pharavarI, 1978 ko prApa sevA-nivRtta hue| sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI zrI janIgraneka mahattvapUrNa sasthAnoM se sambaddha rahakara mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhaaii| pApa jaina sabhA, dariyAgaja, dillI ke aneka matra paryanta matrI rahe tathA mApane lagabhaga 10 varSa paryanta jana hAyara sekaNDarI skala, dariyAgaja, dillI ke matrI evaM prabandhaka ke uttaradAyitvapUrNa padoM para rahakara sarAhanIya kArya kiyaa| taduparAnta prApa jana mamAja kI ekamAtra zodhapITha vIra-sevA-mandira ke aneka satra paryanta mahAsaciva rahe aura jIvana ke antima kSaNa taka bhI pApa isa mahatvazAlI kArya kA nirvAha karate rhe| mAhitya-sAdhanA ke kSetra meM bhI prApane aneka sarAhma kArya kie| mApane vividha sAMskRtika, sAmAjika, saiddhAntika prAdi viSayo para mahatvapUrNa lekha likhe jo samaya-samaya para vibhinna patralokapriya patra-patrikAmo meM prakAzita hote rhe| Apane aneka pustako kA praNayana evaM sampAdana bhI kiyA jo prApake jJAna-gAmbhIrya aura vizleSaka buddhi ke paricAyaka hai| mApane bhArata sarakAra dvArA prakAzita "hindI vighi samAcAra" nAmaka patra ke aneka varSa taka sampAdaka raha kara sarakArI kSetra meM hindI ke pracAra aura pramAra meM prazasanIya yogadAna kiyaa| zrI jaina ke vividha sevAkAryoM kA pAvana puNya karate hue zokAkula vIra-sevA mandira eva anekAnta parivAra bhagavAna jinendra se prArthanA karatA hai ki divaMgata prAtmA ko mugati tathA zAnti prApta ho| paura unake zokAtaM parivAra ko yaha dAruNa dukha sahana karane kA bala aura gherya prApta ho|
Page #49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prom praham tthaakaan paramAgamasya bIjaM niSiddhajAtyandhasindhuravidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnAM virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam // varSa 32 kiraNa 3 ora 4 vIra-sevA-mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 vIra-nirvANa mavan 2505, vi0 sa0 2035 julAI-disambara 1676 / mahAvIra stavana Namo jiNANaM vaDDhamANaM. jiya bhayANaM / mahAvIrA magalam, mahAvIrA loguttamA, mahAvIre saraNaM gacchAmi / __NismaMsayakaro mahAvIro jinnuttmo| rAgadosa-bhayAdodo dhamma-tIsthassa kaaro|| ikkovi NamukkAro jiNavara vasahassa badhdhamANassa / saMsAra sAgarAmro tArei naraM vA nAri vA / / savvaNa somadaMsaNa apuNabhava bhaviyajaNa-maNANanda / jaya cintAmaNi jagayagurU jaya jaya jiNa vIra prklk|| -prajJAta prAtithyaM rUpamAsaraM mahAvIrasya nagnahu / rUpamupasadAmetattisro rAtroH surAsutA / / ___-yajurveda, a. 16, maM. 14 nigaTho prAvuso nAtaputto savvaju svvdrssii| aparisese gANa dassaMNa parijAnAti / / -majhimanikAya, bhA-1 bhayAdika mamamta vikAra bhAvo ke vijetA varddhamAna jinendra ko namaskAra ho; bhagavAna mahAvIra magala svarUpI hai, lokottama hai, unhI ko zaraNa mujhe prApta ho| saMzayo ke nirmala karane me vIra, jinottama bhagavAna mahAvIra rAga dveSa bhaya prAdi vivArI meM rahita haipratIta hai; ve dharmatIrtha ke kartA yA saMsthApaka hai| jinendra bhagavAna RSabhadeva (prathama tIrthakara) athavA barddhamAna mahAvIra (pratima tIrthakara) ko eka bAra bhI bhAvapUrvaka namaskAra karane se nara ho yA nArI, mamAra sAgara se nira jAta hai -pAra ho jAte hai| sarvajJa, somadarzana, apunarbhava, bhavya jana-manAnda, cintAmaNi, jagadguru, akalaka vIra jinandra kI jaya ho, jaya ho, jaya ho ! pratithi svarUpa pUjya mAsopavAsI nagna (digambara, mahAvIra kI upAsanA karo, jisame (mazaya-viparyayaanadhyavasAya rUpa) tIna prajJAna, prathavA (dhana-zarIra-vidyA rUpa) madatraya kI utpatti nahIM hotii| pAyuSmAna nirgandha jJAtRputra (bhagavAna mahAvIra) sarvajJa aura saba darzI hai / apane aparizeSa (pananta ) jJAnadarzana dvArA vaha saba kucha jAnate-dekhate hai / 000
Page #50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zramaNa paramparA O siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacanda jaina zAstrI, vArANasI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma imI bihAra pradeza meM hamA bhAga mAnA jAtA hai| isI se vidvAna usakA racanA kAla thaa| isI pradeza meM kaThora tapasyA ke dvArA unhone kevala- pAThavI zatAbdI IsvI pUrva mAnate hai / yahI samaya bhagavAna jhAna prApta kiyA thaa| isI pradeza ke bipulAcala para mahAvIra ke pUrvaja tIrthara pArzvanAtha kA hai jo kAzI unako prathama dharma dezanA huI thI aura jisa loka nagarI meM janme the / unake jIvana kI ghaTanA hai ki eka dina bhASA meM huI thI usakA nAma bhI isI pradeza ke nAma para vaha gaMgA ke taTa para gaye / vahA kucha tApasa paJcAgni tapa praghaMmAgadhI hai aura isI pradeza se unhoMne nirvANa lAbha karate the| vahadAraka upaniSada (4.3-12) me hI hama kiyaa| isa taraha yaha pradeza bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana tApaso aura zramaNo kA nideza mAtra pAte hai / yAjJavallama ke sAtha itanA samambaddha hai ki na to isa pradeza ke binA janaka se prAtmA kA svarUpa batalAtehA kahate hai ki isa bhagavAna mahAvIra ko dekhA jA sakatA hai aura na mahAvIra muSaptAvasthA meM zramaNa prazramaNa aura tApama pratApama ho ke binA ima pradeza kI ho garimA kA anAna kiyA jA jAtA hai| sakatA hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM hI tapa se vizva kI utpatti tIrthakara to pranekoM hA kintu jinake pAMco kalyANaka batalAI hai| pratidina agnihotra karanA eka praghAna karma apane janma pradeza meM hI hae aise ekAko tIrthakara mahAvIra thaa| isakI utpatti kI kathA isa prakAra banalAI haihI hai| sarvamva tyAga kara dene para bhI mAno vaha apanI "prArambha meM prajApati ekAkI thA / usako aneka hona kI ima janmami kA moha nahI tyAga make the| mAnAma icchA huii| umane tapasyA kii| usake mukha se agni utpanna mora mAtRbhASA sacamuca meM mAtA se bhI bar3ha kara hai| huii| cUki saba devatAo meM agni prathama utpanna huI manISiyoM kA vicAra hai ki praGga, magadha, kAzI, imI se use agni karate hai| usakA yarthAtha nAma ani hai| kAsala aura videha meM vaidika sabhyatA kA praveza bahata kAla mukha se utpanna hone ke kAraNa agni kA bhakSaka honA pazcAt huaA thaa| zata brA (1-4-1) meM likhA hai ki svAbhAvika thA / kinnu usa samaya pRthvI para kucha bhI nahIM 'sarasvatI nadI se agni ne pUrva kI ora prayANa kiyaa| thaa| ata: prajApati ko cintA hii| taba usane apanI usake pIche videva mAdhava mora gotama rAhugaNa the / sabako vANI ko pAhuti dekara apanI rakSA kii| jaba vaha marA jalAtI aura mArga kI nadiyo ko sukhAtI haI vaha agni to use agni para rakhA gyaa| kitu agni ne usake zarIra sadAnIga ke taTa para phuNcii| use vaha nahI jalA sakI: ko hI jalAyA / ataH pratyeka vyakti ko agnihoga karanA taba mAdhava ne agni se pUchA ' maiM kahA raha" to usane utara caahie|' yadi nayA jIvana prApta karanA cAhate ho to diyA ki "terA nivAsa isa nadI ke pUraba meM ho" / aba agni hotra kro| taka bhI yaha nadI kosaloM aura videhoM kI somA hai|' Rgveda kA pahalA mantra hai 'agnibhIDe purohitam / ise vaidika pAyaryoM ke sarasvato nadI taTa se sadAnIrA yajJasya devamRsvijam / hotAra ratnadhAtamam / agni devo ke ke taTa taka bar3hane ke rUpa me liyA jAtA hai| bahuta samara purohita hai / purohita kA bhayaM hai pAge rakhA humA / pragni taka yaha nadI pAryo ke saMsAra kI sImA mAnI jAtI thii| meM Ahuti dekara ho devoM tuSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| isake mAge yatheccha unakA mAnA jAnA thA ? brAhmaNa grayo ke kAla meM yajJoM kA prAdhAnya rahA / vahadAraNyaka upaniSad zatapatha brahmaga kA prantita unake pazcAta prAraNyo kA samaya prAtA hai| devatA vizeSa
Page #51
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dhamaNa paramparAkI prAcInatA ke uddezya se dravya kA tyAga hI yajJa hai yaha mAraNyakoM ko upanayana kA vidhAna hai kintu cAra prAzramoM kA ullekha mAnya nahI hai| hAhmaNa graMtho kA sarvocca lakSya svarga thA chA0 upa0 meM hai| bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM kisI sanyAsI paura umakI prApti kA mArga thA yajJa / kintu prAraNyako ke darzana nahIM hote, sarvatra vAnaprastha milate haiN| maiM yaha bAta nahI hai / taittirIya pAraNyaka meM hI prathama bAra lokamAnya tilaka ne apane gItA rahasya meM likhA zramaNa zabda tapasvI ke artha meM prAgA hai| hai.veda saMhitA aura brAhmaNoM meM sanyAsa ko prAvazyaka nahIM Rgveda ke sakalayitA RSi praraNyavAsI RSiyo se khaa| ulTe jaimini ne vedoM kA yahI spaSTa mata batalAyA bhinna the| ve araNya me nahI rahate the| vaidika mAhitya meM hai ki gahasthAzrama meM rahane se hI mokSa milatA hai (dekho paraNya zabda ke jo artha pAye jAte hai uname isa para prakAza vedAntasUtra 3,4,17,20) mora unakA yaha kathana kucha paDatA hai ki Rgveda meM gAMva ke bAhara kI binA jutI jamona nirAdhAra bhI nahI hai kyoki karmakANDa ke isa prAcIna ke artha meM araNya zabda kA prayoga humA hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa mArga ko gauNa mAnane kA prArambha uyaniSado meM hI pahale me (5-3-35) likhA hai 'paraNya me cora basate hai|' pahala dekhA jAtA hai| upaniSatkAla meM hI yaha mata amala vahadA 'upa' (5.11) meM likhA hai "marde ko praraNya meM la meM prAne lagA ki mokSa pAne ke lie jJAna ke pazcAta jAte hai". kintu chA0 upa. (815 / 3) me likhA hai ki araNya vairAgya se karma sanyAsa karanA caahie|' ityAdi meM tapasvI jana nivAsa karate hai| kintu prAcIna upaniSado meM vahI purAnI dhvani milatI vidvAno kA mata hai ki jaba vaidika Arya pUraba kI pora baDhe to yajJa pIche raha gaye aura yajJa kA sthAna tapa ne le hai-zatapatha brA0 (13, 4.1.1) meM likhA hai- etad vaM liyaa| kintu tapa ko svIkAra karane para bhI prAyaM deva jarAmayaM matraM yada agnihotram' arthAta jaba taka jiyo agni pragni hotra kro| IzA-upa meM kahA hai 'kurvanneveha tAmo ke purohita agni ko nahIM chor3a sake, prataH paJcAgni tapa pravartita hunaa| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko gaMgA ke taTa karmANi jijIvepata zata samAH' arthAt eka manuSya ko para paJcAgni tapa tapane vAle aise hI tapasvI mile the| apane jIvana bhara karma karate hue sau varSa taka jAne kI cAra prAzramo kI vyavasthA bho cintya hai| brAhmaNa icchA karanI cAhie / baughAyana praura prApastamba sUtrI meM ko brahmacArI aura gahastha ke rUpa meM jIvana bitAne ke bAda bhI gRhasthAzrama ko hI mukhya kahA hai| smRtiyo kI bhI sanyAsI ho jAnA cAhie yaha niyama hai vaidika sAhitya meM kucha aisI hI sthiti hai| manusmRti meM sanyAsa pAzrama kA nahIM milatA / paurANika paramparA ke anusAra rAjya tyAga kathana karake bhI anya prAzramo kI apekSA gRhasthAzrama ko kara vana meM cale jAne kI prathA kSatriyo meM pracacita thii| hI zreSTha kahA hai| kavi-kulaguru kAlidAsa ne raghuvaMza meM raghupo kA isake viparIta jaina dharma le anumAra, zramaNa-dharma ko varNana karate hue kahA hai apanAye binA mokSa kI prApti sambhava nahI hai| gRhastha zaizave'bhyastavidyAnA yauvane viSayaSiNAm / dharma muni kA laghurUpa hai aura jo muni ghama ko pAlana vArdhakye munivRttInA yogenAnte tanu tyajAm // karane meM asamartha hotA hai vaha gRhastha dharma kA pAlana prarthAt zaizavakAla meM vidyAbhyAsa karate hai, yauvana meM karatA hai / viSaya-bhoga bhogate hai, vRddhAvasthA meM manivRtti prarthAt vAna- mAcAryakalpa prAzAghara ne kahA haiprasthAzrama meM rahate hai aura anta meM yoga ke dvArA zarIra tyAjyAnajanaM viSayAn pazyatopi jinAjJayA / tyAga karate haiN| mohAtyaksumazaktasya gRhidharmo'numanyate // gautama dharma sUtra (0/%) meM eka prAcIna prAcArya mata jo jina deva ke upavezAnusAra masAra ke viSayoM ko diyA hai ki vedo ko to eka gRhasthAzrama ho mAnya hai| tyAjya jAnate hue bhI mohavaza choDana me asamartha he use atharvaveda maura brAhmaNa graMtho meM brahmacaryAzrama kA vizeSataH gRhastha dharma kA pAlana karane kI anumati dI jAtI hai| paNAm
Page #52
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 44, varSa 32, ki.3-4 anekAnta jaina dharma ke pAMca vrata prasiddha hai : ahimA, satya, pracaurya, prANImAtra ke eka svAmI the| unhoMne prAkAza sahita pRthvI bhanekAnta paura aparigraha / inakA sarva deza pAlana zramaNa karate ko dhAraNa kiyaa| haiM aura eka-deza gRhastha pAlatA hai / prataH zramaNoM ke vratoM ughara mahAbhArata, zAntiparva a0 346 me hiraNyagarbha ko mahAvata aura gRhastho ke vrato ko praNuvrata kahate haiN| ko yoga kA vaktA kahA haibhagavAna RSabhadeva se lekara mahAvIra paryamta caubIsa "hiraNyagarbhaH yogasya vaktA nAnyaH purAtanaH / " tIpaMDoM ne gahavAsa chor3akara zramaNa dharma ko manokAra praryAta hiraNyagarbha yoga-mArga ke pravartaka hai anya koI unase kiyA thaa| prAcIna nahI hai, to kyA RSama hI to hiraNyagarbha nahI hai ? zrImadabhAgavata meM Rpabhadeva kA jo citraNa hai vaha bhI bhagavAna RSabha ikSvAkuvaMgI the| ikSvAku mUlataH puru jaina mAnyatA kA hI samarthana karatA hai / usame unakI gajAmA ko eka paramparA tho| yadyapi Rgveda me puruSo ko tapasyA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai -uma samaya ke bala sarasvatI ke taTa para banAyA hai| kintu natara ivAkUmoM zarIra mAtra umake pAsa thA aura ve digambara beza me nagna kA sambandha prayodhyA meM thaa| jaina zAstro meM ayodhthA kA vicaraNa karata the| mona me rahane the / kAI Dagaye mAra, hI RSabhadava kA janma sthAna mAnA gayA hai| udhara kAra thake, patthara pheka, mUtra-viSTA phakatA ina mabakA sAmpAyana dhotra mutra meM hiraNyagama ko kauzalya kahA hai| bhAra dhyAna nahI dete the| yaha zarIra asat padArthoM kA ghara / ayodhyA kA kAzala deza meM kahA hai / ata: kozala deza meM mA samajhakara pahakAra-mamakAra kA tyAna karaka prakala janma lana sapanadeva kA kozadhya kahA jA sakatA hai| zramaNa karate the| unakA kAmadeva ke samAna sundara zagara isa taraha kayAnaka vaktA hiraNyagama ke sAtha yogI Rpabha malina ho gayA thA, prAdi / kI ekarUpatA anveSaNIya hai| isI meM yaha bhI kahA hai ki vAtarazana zramaNoM ke dharma kA dharma kA mindhu ghATI ka utkhanana ke sahayogI rAmaprasAda cadA ... upadeza dene ke lie unakA ghavatAra hupaa| janmahIna ne apane taka lekha meM liyA ne apane eka lekha meM likhA hai-'mAhana jodar3o se prApta RSabhadeva jI kA anukaraNa karanA to dUra anukaraNa karane lAla pApANa kI mUti, nime pujArI kI mani samajha liyA kA manAratha bhI koI anya yogo nahI kara sakatA, kyo ki gayA hai, mujhe eka yogI kI mUrti pratIta hotI hai pora vaha mA jisa yogavala ko RSabha jI ne prasAra samajhakara grahaNa nahIM majha dama niskarSa para pahacane ke lie prerita karatI hai ki kiyA. anya yogI usI ke pAne kI ceSTAya karane hai| mindhupATI meM usa samaya yogAbhyAsa hotA thA aura yogI jaina grantho meM RSabha ko hiraNya garbha bhI kahA hai kyo kI mudrA meM mUrtiyAM pUjI jAtI thii| mohe-jodaDo pora ki una ke garbha meM pAne para mAkAza se svaNa ko varSA huI harappA se prApta mohare, jina para manuSya rUpa meM devo kI thii| yathA prAkRti prakita hai, mere isa niSkarSa ko pramANita karatI hai| 'gadriyamya jassa u hiraNNavuTI skvnnaapddiyaa| mindhughATI meM prA moharo para baiThI avasthA me teNa hiraNagambho jayammi uvagijjae usabhI / / akita mUrtiyA~ ho yoga ko mudrA me nahIM hai kintu khaDI prarthAta jisake garbha meM pAne para suvarNa kI vaSTi huI avasthA meM akita mUtiyA bhI yoga kI kAyotsarga mRdrA ko usI meM RSabha jagata me hiraNyagarbha khlaaye| batalAtI hai| mathaga myUjiyama me dUsarI zatI kI kAyotsarga Rgveda maM0 10, mUtra 121 ko pahanI RcA im| meM sthita eka RSabhadeva jina kI mUrti hai| isa mUrti kI prakAra hai zailI mindhu se prApta moharo para akti khar3I huI deva 'hiraNyagarbha samavantAgre bhUtasya jAtaH patireka prAsIna / mUrtiyo ko ganI se bilkula milatI hai| sadAcAra pRthivI dyA mutemA kasmai devAya haviSA vidhema // RSabha yA vRSabha kA prathaM bala hotA hai aura RSabhadeva isa meM kahA gayA hai ki pahale hiraNyagarbha hue| vaha tIrthadara kA cihna bala hai| mohara naM 3 se 5 taka ke Upara
Page #53
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zramaNa paramparA kI prAcInatA 45 akita devamUrtiyo ke sAtha bala bhI akita hai jo RSabha kA ukta tathyoM ke prakAza meM jaina dharma ke prathama tIrthaDura pUrNarUpa ho sakatA hai| yogI RSabha deva kA sthiti purAtatvajJo ke lie anveSaNa isI para DA. rAdhAkumada makarjI ne apanI hindU kA rucikara viSaya ho sakatI hai, aura unakI sthiti sabhyatA nAmaka pustaka me likhA hai - 'zrI candA ne 6 pranya spaSTa hone para zramaNa paramparA ke udagama para bhI prakAza maharo para khar3I haI mUrtiyo kI bhora bhI pAna dilAyA paDa sakatA hai| zrImad bhAgavata meM jo 'vAtarazananA zramaNAhai / phalaka 12 pora 118 prAkRti 7 (mAzalakRti, mohe nAmaSINA' prAdi likhA hai ye zabda anusandhAna kI dRSTi se jodaDo) koyatma nAmaka yogAmana me baDa haye devatApro mahatva ke hai| ko sUcita karatI hai| yaha madrA jaina yogiyoM kI tapazcaryA natiya prAra. meM bhI isI prakAra kahA hai-'bAta me vizeSa rUpa se milatI hai, jaise mathurA magrahAlaya meM razanAha RSayaH zramaNA udhvaMpanthino vabhuvaH' (2-7) / sthApita tIrthadara zrI RSabhadeva kI mUrti me RSabha kA Rgveda (10-136-2) me bhI muniyo ke jie vAtaartha hai baila jo prAdinAtha kA lakSaNa hai| mahara sakhyA razanA kahA hai / atharvaveda (2 / 5 / 3) me indra ke dvArA epha0 jI0 eca. phalaka do para akita devamUrti me eka yatiyo kA vadha kiye jAne ko kathA pAtI hai| yaha kathA bala hI banA hai| mambhava hai yaha RSabha kA hI pUrvarUpa ho| etezya prA0 (7-28) pora paJcavimA0 (131417, yadi aimA ho to zaivadharma kI taraha jaina dharma kA mUna bhI 8144) me bhI prAI hai| sAyaNa ne apane bhASya meM tAmrayugIna sindhu sabhyatA naka calA jAnA hai| (hi. sa0 likhA hai23-24) yatinaM yatayo nAma niyama gholA prAmuryA prajA / ... yadvAtra yati zabdena vedAntAyaM vicAra zanyA: parivrAjakA vivakSitA / (arthava0), arthAt yati mAne prata niyama kA 'anekAnta' ke svAmitva sambandhI vivaraNa pAlana karane vAle asura loga / athavA yahA~ prati zabda se vedAnna ke vicAra se zanya parivrAjaka lenA cAhie / prakAzana sthAna-vIra sevAmandira, 21 dariyAgaja, naI dillI paMcaviza brAhmaNa kI vyAkhyA meM sAyaNa ne eka sthAna madraka-prakAzana-vIra sevA mandira ke nimina para yati kA artha 'yajanavirodhI janA:' kiyA hai arthAt indra prakAzana avadhi-mAmika zrI promaprakAza jaina ne jina yatiyo ko mArA ve mava yajJayAgAdi virodhI paura rASTri katA-bhAratIpa patA-23, dariyAgaja dillI-2 veda viruddha vratanivayAdi kA pAlana karane vAle the| / Rgveda ke vAtarazana mani, taM0 prA0 ke vAtarazana mampAdaka- zrI gokulapramAda jaina zramaNa bhinna pratIta nahI hote| ve hI sambhavataH yati bhI rASTrikatA-bhAratIya patA-vIra sevA mandira 21, ho| zrImada bhAgavata meM unhI vAtarazana thamaNoM ke dharma ke dariyAgaja naI dilla-2 mAtha RSabhAvatAra ko joDA gayA hai| yaha prAkasmika | svAmitva dhora mevA mandira, 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 pratIta nahI hotaa| ina sabake prakAza meM zramaNa paramparA kI maiM, momaprakAza jaina, etadvArA ghoSita karatA hUM ki prAcInatA ke darzana hote hai| umI paramparA ko bhagavAna merI pUrNa jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anusAra uparyukta mahAvIra ne prapanAkara prAja se 2505 varSa pahale pAvA se viraNa satya hai| nirvANa lAbha kiyA thaa| haima unakI uma zuddha-buddha mAtmA -promaprakAza jaina, prakAzaka ko namana karake apanI zraddhAjali arpita karate hai / -
Page #54
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dhyAna viSayaka mahattvapUrNa jainagraMtha dhyAnazataka aura usake vividha saMskaraNa zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, bIkAnera [yaha dyAvazyaka nahIM ki sampAdana maNDala vidvAn lekhaka ke sabhI vicAroM se sahamata ho sampAdaka ] jaMna bAgamo se yaha to vidita hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA mukhya kendra 'dhyAna' thA / sAr3he bAraha varSoM ke sAdhanA kAla me unhoMne adhika se adhika samaya dhyAna zrora mauna me bitAyA thA / unhone dhyAna karate-karate hI kaivalya jJAna prApta kiyA thA aura apane sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie, pATha prahara meM se cAra prahara svAdhyAya, do prahara dhyAna, eka prahara nidrA, eka prahara bAhAra Adi zArIrika mAdi zArIrika kAryoM ke lie nihita kAryoM ke lie nihita kie the| grAmyatarika tapa me bhI unhoMne svAdhyAya aura dhyAna ko tapa meM sammilita kiyA hai| chaha bhAvavayakoM me bhI kAmotsarga-dhyAna nitya karane ko eka prAvazyaka kArya batalAyA gayA hai / kheda hai bhAge calakara dhyAna kI vaha paramparA jaina dharma me kama hotI gaI / bauddha dharma me Aja bhI dhyAna kA eka svatantra sampradAya vidyamAna hai, jisakI eka prakriyA vipAsanA kA pracAra zrI satyanArAyaNa jI goyandakA zrabhI bhArata me jagaha-jagaha kara rahe hai evaM usase logo ko baDI zAnti milatI hai / samaya-samaya para dhyAna kI sAdhanA karane vAle kaI jaina santa hue haiM aura kaI lekhakoM ne isa viSaya para choTe-bar3e grantha likhe hai| jahA~ taka merI jAnakArI hai, dhyAna viSayaka prApta pratho me sabase pahalA pratha dhyAna zataka" hai / isakA mUlanAma dhyAnAdhyayana hai / prAkRta bhASA kI eka so pAca gAthAoM kA yaha graMtha hai / isa para 0 haribhadrasUrijI sakSipta TIkA saMskRta meM chapa cukI hai para hindI-gujarAtI me imI pratha kA vivecana prakA zita na hone ke kAraNa sAdhAraNa janatA ke lie yaha sulabha aura sahaja nahIM thaa| idhara chaha-sAta varSa ke bhItara isa graMtha ke kaI mahatvapUrNa saMskaraNa prakAzita ho cuke hai| unako jAnakArI isa lekha me isIlie de rahA " hai ki isa viSaya me ruci rakhane vAle ina prakAzita samkaraNoM ko magA kA pUrA lAbha uThAyeM / to mAnyatAnusAra isa grantha ke anta me eka aisI gAdhA milatI hai jisame granthakartA kA nAma jinabhadra zramaNa pAyA jAtA hai| isa nAma vAle prAcArya chaThIsAtavI zatAbdI meM ho gaye hai, jinake racita vizeSa bhASya bahuta hI prasiddha grantha hai| isa graMtha ke mahatva ke sambandha meM vicAraka vidvAna muni nathamalajI ne kahA hai ' isa grantha ke paDhane se lagatA hai ki isake racayitA jaina-dhyAna praNAlI ke vizeSa jJAtA praura puraskartA the / ve svaya dhyAna ke kriyAtmaka bhora saMddhAMtika pakSa ke pAragAmI vidvAn the dhyAna ke kriyAtmaka anubhava ke binA, itanI sUkSmamA senapaNa honA sambhava hai| jaba taka dhyAna siddha nahI hotA taba taka usake nirUpaNa me vaha sUkSmatA yA satyatA prakaTa nahI ho sakatI / " yaha grantha apane Apa me pUrA graMtha hai / isa para yadi vistAra se vyAkhyA grantha likhA jAya to dhyAna ke kSetra me kaI naye tathya prakaTa ho sakate hai / " 1. muni khullarAja jI ne muni nayamalajI se preraNA prApta karake san 1971 me isakA hindI evaM agrejI meM anuvAda karake mUla sahita bAda sAhitya satha, curU se san 1972 me prakAzita karavAyA mUlya 1) hai| usake prArambha ke 'do zabda' meM unhoMne isa grantha ke eka anya saskaraNa kI sUcanA bhI dI hai| 2. "mabhI-abhI pro. esa. ke. rAmacandra rAva ne isa grantha para kArya kiyA hai aura usako morieNTala risarva isTITyUTa, madrAsa se chapAyA bhI hai| usameM dhyAna zataka' kA mUla haribhadra vRtti, pragrejI - manuvAda ghora sakSipta (zeSa pRSTha 48 para )
Page #55
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina vAGamaya kA saMgIta pakSa 0 zrI pyArelAla zrImAla 'sarasa paMDita' bhAratIya saMgIta ko sudIrgha parampaga me jana manISiyo svabhAva se svaroM kA sambandha, grAma marchanAeM, gIta ke ne bhI samaya-samaya para yogadAna kiyA hai / magIna sambandhI guNa-doSa prAdi kA vivecana diyA gayA hai| udAharaNArthajaina grantho ke prabalokana se tatkAlIna gIta, vAdya eba sajja tu aggaje pAe uraNa risabha sarama / natya-paddhati kI paryApta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| prAcIna kaNThagaeNa gadhAraM majjha jiprAe majhiyam / / zAstrakAroM se lekara prAja ke stavana racayitAno taka ke mAmAe paMcamaM bUyA datoTheNaya ghevayam / jaina vidvAno ne saMgIta kalA kI prakathanIya sevA kI hai| maddhANepayeNa sAyaM maraThANA viyAhiyA // jaina paramparA ke anusAra saMgIta ke prAcIna prAcAryoM arthAt Sahaja agraja hai, ura sthAna se RSabha, kaNTha se me bharata tathA vizAkhila kA sthAna sarvopari hai| bharata ke gAndhAra, madhya se madhyama, nAsA se pacama evaM dantoSTha se ziSya dattila kohala nathA vizAnvila nInoM ne magIna gathoM dhavata kA udbhava hotA hai| kI racanA kI thii| tInoM pranyo kA nAma kramazaH dattilam, sajja ravai mayUrI kakubhI RSabhaM svaram / kohaliyam tathA vizAkhilam thaa| 'vizAkhilayam' grantha haMsau NadaI gadhAra majjhima tu gavaM lagA // aprApya hai / prardhamAgadhI (prAkRna) me racita aTaTa kumabhasaMbhava kAle koilA paMcama saram / 'anuyogadvAramRtta' meM padyabaddha magIta viSayaka sAmagrI chaThaM ca sArasA kocA sAya satamaigamana / / upalabdha honI hai| yaha mUtra IpA ko pahanI zatAbdI kI arthAt paDja dhvani mayUra kI, RSabha kukuTa kI, racanA mAnI jAtI hai / jaina prAgamoM ko racanA kA kramika gAndhAra hasa kI, madhyama gaunoM ko, paMcama kokila kI, vikAsa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANa ke uparAnta ghevata krauMca kI tathA nipAda sArasa pakSI kI dhvani hai| IsavI pUrva cautho zatAbdI se lekara IsA kI prathama zatAbdI taka anavarata rUpa se calatA rahA tathA ImA kI chaThI mUtra ke anusAra gIta ke chaH doSa tathA pATha guNa batAe zatAbdI taka vartamAna svarUpa ko prAptahA / 'anuyogadvAra- gae hai-Dara kara gAnA, zIghra gAnA, dhIre gAnA, tAlarahita sutta' ke atirikta 'ThANAMgasuta', 'nandomutta', 'kappasuta', mAnA, kAka spara se gAnA tathA nAka se gAnA / pATha guNa 'rAyapameNIya' prAdi aimeM jaina grantha hai jinameM magIta haiM-pUrNa kalA se gAnA, rAga ko rajaka banAkara gAnA, viSayaka sAmagrI pracara mAvA meM upalabdha hotI hai| anya svara vizeSa se alaMkRta karake gAnA, spaSTa gAnA, anuyogAramutta' meM svara, gota, vAdya, mUchanA prAdi prAkozavihIna svara meM gAnA, madhura svara me gAnA, tAlayukta kA sUnabaddha vivaraNa diyA gayA hai, kintu marchanAmo ke gAnA tathA sukumAra roti meM gaanaa| nAmo kA krama bharata ke samAna nahI hai| rAyahaseNIya' ke jaina prAgamoM ke mArvajanika pracAra hetu 'calita' nAmaka anusAra, prAcAryoM ke tIna vagaM mAne jAte the-kalAyariya gIto kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| jaina sUtroM ke paThana(kalAcArya), sipAyariya (zilpAcArya) tathA vammAyariya pAThana hetu vaidika sAhitya kI udAtta, anudAtta evaM svarita (dhrmaacaary)| gAyana, vAdana paura natya kA ullekha isa vAlI svaroccAraNa praNAlI prayukta thii| 'rAyapaseNIya' prakAra milatA hai..... 'nadraprIta vAIya saragarma pukkharagaya tathA 'manuyogadvAra' ke atirikta 'biyAhaSaNNatti', samatAla' (rAya, pR0 167) / 'ThANAgasutta' me svarotpatti, jIvAbhigama', 'cambahIbapaNpatti' prAdi jaina granthoM meM pazu-pakSiyoM kI dhvani se saptasvaroM kA sambandha, mAnava- tatkAlIna pracalita vAdyoM kA ullekha milatA hai
Page #56
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 48, barSa 32, ki03.4 anekAnta 'ThANAMgasutta' ke saMskRta TIkAkAra abhayadeva ke anusAra mahasva naracandrasUri kA sagItajJa ke rUpa meM isa graMtha me ullekha caudaha pudha grathoM meM se eka thA-~'pUrvagatasvaraprAbhUta' / isameM kiyA gayA hai / 'jaMna sAhitya kA bahad itihAsa' ke anuikkIsa marchanAmro tathA gyAraha alaMkAroM kA varNana thaa| sAra jaina granthAvalI me 'sagIta dIpaka', 'saMgIta ratnAvalI' digambara jaina muni pabhayacandra ke praziSya pAvacandra tathA 'sagIta sahapiMgala' kA ullekha hai| kintu inake ne lagabhaga vikrama saMvat 1380 meM 'saMgItasamayasAra' sambandha meM vizeSa jAnakArI prApta nahIM huI hai| vi0 sa0 nAmaka mahatvapUrNa saMgIta Aya kI racanA kii| yaha granya 1460 meM mANDava ke sultAna mAlamagAha ke mantrimaNDala trivendrama saskRta prathamAlA meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| isame ne 'saMgIna maNDana' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kii| grantha upano pradhikaraNa hai, jiname nAda, dhvani, sthAyo, rAga, vAdya, upalabdha hai, kintu aprakAzita hai| abhinaya, tAla prastAra tathA prAdhvayoga kA savistara kaccha ke mahArAja lakhapata (saM0 1817 me svargavAsa) ullekha hai| isI sasaya prAcArya gajazekharamUri ke ziSya ne jaina yati bhaTTAraka kanakakuzala va unake ziSya kuvarasudhAkalaza ne 'magItopaniSad' nAmaka bRhat grantha kI kuzala ke sahayosa se 'bRjabhASA pAThazAlA' sthApita kI racanA kI, jo anupalabdha hai / kintu isI lekhaka kI thI, jisameM kaI hindI kavi taiyAra hue| kubarakuzala vikrama saMvata 1406 kI racanA 'sagItopanipatmAgeddhAra' saMgItazAstra ke bhI paNDita the| unakI pATha racanAmro kA upalabdha hai, jo gAyakavADa porieNTala sIrIja, baDaudA se paricaya 'ballabhamUri smRti-grantha' me zodhamanISI zrI pagaraprakAzita ho cukI hai| yaha prati 'magItopaniSada' kI sAra canda jI nAhaTA ne diyA hai / pAThavIM racanA 'rAgamAlA' hai, rUpa hai tathA saMgIta makaranda', 'sagIta pArijAta' jaise jimame rAga-gaginiyo ke svarUpa tathA lakSaNa diye gaye hai| sagIta jagat ke mAnya granthoM se kahI adhika mahatvapUrNa aise aura bhI aneka jaina grantha ho sakate hai, jiname hai| gIta-prakAzana, tAla.prakAzana, rAgAdi prakAzana, vAdya- sagIta viSayaka mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI samAviSTa hai, kintu kaI prakAzana nRtyAMga-prakAzana, tathA nRtya-paddhati-prakAzana, kAlakavalita ho cuke hai pora kaI zodha kA viSaya bane isa prakAra isake chaha adhyAya 610 iloko me nibaddha hai| hae haiN| 10 46 kA zeSAza] vivaraNa hai| kahI-kahI unake aura mere dvArA prastuta kI hai, pAThaka straya samajha sakeMge / paNDita jI ne dhyAnabhanuvAda me bahuta bar3A prantara pA gayA hai|" zataka kI antima gAyA ko mAnyatA nahI do, isIlie 3. isI samaya ke aAsapAsa dhyAnazataka kA kucha isake racayitA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke hone me sandeha vivecana gujarAtI meM pUjya munizrI panyAsa bhAnuvijaya kiyA hai kyoki haribhada sari ne 105 gAthAmro kI bhI jI ne likhA, jo ki sa. 2027 me divyadarzana kAryAlaya, TIkA kI evaM granthakAra kA nAma nahI diyaa| para lagatA hai ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huprA hai / 322 pRSTho kA yaha haribhadra sUri ko jo prati milI hai, umame graMthakAra ke grantha gujarAtI vivecana dRSTi se bar3e mahatva kA hai / isakA nAma vAlI antima gAthA nahI hogI / jaba anya pratiyoM malpa 3) 1. hai| me vaha milatI hai to, merI gaya meM, paNDita jI ko zaMkA nahI 4. san 1976 me dhyAnazataka kA eka mahatvapUrNa karanI cAhie thii| zve0 paramparA me to yaha jinabhadra grantha vIra sevA mandira, dillI se prakAzita hapA hai, kSamArUmaNa kI hI kRti hai, yaha mAnyatA bahuta prasiddha jisameM pAlocanAtmaka prastAvanA, hindI anuvAda, vividha hai| yahA~ to mujhe vigata cha: varSoM meM dhyAnazataka ke jI pariziSTa eva saskRta TIkA bhI hai / sAtha hI di. bhAskara hindI ke do, aMgrejI ke do, gujarAtI kA eka anuvAda nandI ke dhyAnastava ko bhI anuvAda ke sAtha hI diyA prakAzita ho cuke hai, una cAra granthoM se pAThako ko gayA hai / mU010 ru. hai / paM0 bAlacandajI zAstrI ne paricita karanA hI prabhISTa hai| isa pratha ke sampAdana me bahuta zrama kiyA hai / mUla graMtha to prAzA hai ki pAThaka unase lAbha uThAyeMge evaM hindI meM TIkA, anuvAda ke sAtha 72 pRSTho me hI hai, kintu isakI koI vistata vivecana SIghra prakAzita kiyA jaayegaa| prastAvanA 85 pRSTho kI hai| isI se vaha kitanI paThanIya
Page #57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkRta kA bRddavyasaMgraha aura usakI mahattA -paM0 nAthUrAma jaina 'DoMgarIya', indaura budravyasaMgraha prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha bhagavAn mahAvIra the| dUsare nemicandra vasunaMdi siddhAtideva ke guru the, jo dvArA upadiSTa anekAMtAtmaka vastu svarUpa kA pratipAdaka, prathama (siddhAMtacakravartI nemicandra) se karIba 60 varSa jaina darzana kA eka laghukAya kiMtu sAragarbhita evam mahatva pazcAt hue aura jinakA samaya vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI pUrNa graMtha hai| isakA samAja meM vyasagraha ke nAma se paThana- nizcita hotA hai / ye siddhAMtideva ke pada se vibhUSita the| trA pAThana baDI zraddhA aura rucipUrvaka kiyA jAtA hai| pracalita tIsare nemicandra gomaTrasAra (prAkRta) kI samkRta TIkA paraMparAnasAra isake racayitA gommaTasAra, trilokasArAdi jIvatattvapradIpikA ke nirmAtA the| siddhAMta graMtho ke nirmAtA evam zravaNavelagolA meM virAja vastuta: isa gatha ke ra yatA kauna se nemicandrAcArya the mAn bhagavAn bAhubalI ke bizAla biba ke pratiSThApaka tathA isakA nirNaya itihAsa ke puSTa pramANo se hI ho sakatA hai, tatkAlIna rAjA cAmaDarAya ke guru prAcArya pravara zrImannemi kita itanA to nizcita hI hai ki mUla grathakartA zrIman candra siddhAtacakravartI the isake hidI me vAdyavanikA evam vam nemicandrAcArya hai aura cUki ve vItarAgI sata the prata. graMtha bhASA padyAnuvAda kartA sva pa. jayacandajI chAbar3A ne aba se kI prAmANikatA evam upAdeyatA bhI prasadigdha hai| karIba paune do sau varSa pUrva apanI kRti me inhI prAcArya ko dravyasagraha kA mUlakartA mAnA hai tathA isakI brahmadeva graMpa kI vizeSatA evama vartamAna sAmAjika paristhiti ke sari kRta saMskRta TIkA ke hindI TIkAkAra zrI paM. javAhara- saMdarbha meM upayogitA lAla jI zAstrI ne bhI graMtha kI prastAvanA me siddhAMtacakravartI AcArya nemicandra kA hI prathakartA ke rUpa me ullekha kiyA yaha hai ki isameM jIvAdika dravyo, pAmravAdi tattvoM hai| inakA samaya vikrama saM. 1035 (gyArahavI zatAbI) evam mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa vyavahAra tathA nizcaya-ubhayanaya hai| kitu, gratha kI saskRta TIkA ke kartA zrImahmadeva sUri sApekSa (prAyaH pratyeka gAthA me sAtha 2) kiyA gayA haine athakartA nemicandra prAcArya kI upAdhi kA ullekha tAki anekAMtamayI vastatattva kA sakSepa meM yathArthajJAna prApta 'siddhAMtacakravartI' na kara 'siddhAMtideva' ke nAma se kiyA hai| kara mAnava prAtmakalyANa kI prora agrasara ho sake tathA ho sakatA hai ki kAlAMtara meM siddhAMtacakravartI ko hI mAna sarvathA nizcayaMkAMta yA vyavahArakAMta ke prAzraya se kadAgrahI dekara saMkSepa me siddhAtideva' kahA jAne lagA ho| banakara ekAtamithyAttva ke kucakra me na phaMse / ataH isakA Adhunika itihAsajJa manISiyoM kI zodhakhoja ke niSpakSa evam jijJAsu bhAva se adhyayana karane para aneka anusAra nemicandra nAma ke tIna prAcArya hue haiM, jinameM prathama prAtiyoM kA -jo nayoM kI khIMcatAna se utpanna ho rahI yA rAjA cAmuNDarAya ke guru siddhAtacakravartI ke pada se alaMkRta ho sakatI hai-sahaja hI nirAkaraNa bhI ho jAtA hai|
Page #58
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 50, varSa 32, ki0 3-4 anekAMta Aja samAja ke adhikAza vidvajjano, patra-patrikAmo, vastu kA-jaisI ki vaha hai-jJAna karanA-karAnA ho dharmasabhAmroevama ghara-ghara meM pinA putra se, bhAIbahina se pati hitakara, prAmANika va matya ho sakatA hai, na ki eka naya patnI se tathA eka dharmabaMdhu itara dharmabadhU se vibhinna nayo kI sarvathA ekAna-dRSTi se / zrImadamatacandra svAmI ne dvArA pratipAdita vastu svarUpa ke sambandha me sarvathA ekAta puruSArthasiddhyupAya me nayo kI ekAnaparaka khIcatAna karanedRSTipakSa ko grahaNakara paraspara meM visaMvAda karatA dikhAI vAlo ko isI lie cetAvanI dete hae likhA bhI hai .hai rA hai pIra hama prakAra daSTimora vA dagagrahI banakara "atyatanizitadhAra durAmada jinavaramya nynkm| apane priya naya pakSa ko hI pUrNa satya eva itara pakSa ko khaMDayati dhAryamANa mUrdhAna jhaTiti durvidagdhAnAm // " marvathA mithyA mAna va pratipAdana kara vasta ke anekAtamayI (arthAt) jinendra kA nayacaka atyata tIkSNa dhAravAlA svarUpa eva usake bhagavadvANo dvArA syAdvAda rUpa prati- hone meM bar3I mAvadhAnI meM prayoga karane yogya hai : kyoki pAdana kA khaDana vA upahAsa karane meM apanI ajJatAvaza isakI mUrkhatApUrNa khIcatAna kara prayoga karane vAlo ke mastaka (svaya ko sarvajJa mAna) tanika bhI sakoca nahIM kara rhaa| ko yaha turanta hI vidIrNa kara DAlatA hai, arthAt nizcayA aneka vidvajjana bhI vItarAga vANI kA bItagaga bhAva bhAsa kI teja dhAra se sadjJAna kA ghAta kara use mArgabhraSTa se pratipAdana na karate hue pakSavyAmoha ke kucakra meM par3akara kara detA hai| anekAta aura syAdvAda ko satyatAparaka garimA ko bhalAkara tAtparya yaha hai ki jaina middhAna vaijJAnika satya para prAdhAyA jAnavabhakara athavA ajJatAvaza (jAne-anajAna rita hai aura vaha matya anekAnAtmaka hai, jabaki pratyeka naya anekAnamayI vastu svampa kA syAdvAda rUpa pratipAdana karane yadi vaha munaya hai to vaha inagnaya mApekSa hokara hI satya kA se dinAdina vimukha hote jA rahe hai / isase kabhI-kabhI aisA dyotaka kahA jAtA hai aura yadi vaha itara naya nirapekSa hai, pratIta hone lAtA hai ki jainasiddhAta yA to anya sAkhya arthAt anya munaya dvArA pratipAdita vastu meM vidyamAna dharma vedAtAdi darzanoM ke samAna marvathA ekAtaparaka hai (jaisA ki ko gauNa na karake usakA niSedha kara use jhuThalAne aura ve pratipAdana kara rahe hai) aura yA bhagavAna ne jo anekAta baMDana karane lagatA hai to vaha ekAna mithyAtva kA popaka ko paramAgama kA prANa tathA nayo ke bhinna viSayo sabadhI durna ya bana jAtA hai| paramapUjya svAmI samantabhadra ne nimnaparaspara virodha ko mathana karane vAlA pratipAdana kiyA hai likhita zlokAMza dvArA isI tathya ko pragaTa kiyA hai :-- vaha zAyada ThIka nahIM hai yA phira jaina siddhAMta abhI anirNIta "nirapekSA nayA mithyA mApekSA yastu ne'rthkun|" aura vivAdAspada hai, jisakA nirNaya honA zAyada abhI zeSa (arthAna) koI bhI naya itara naya nirapekSa hokara mithyA bana jAtA hai aura itara naya mApekSa hokara vastu ke svarUpa jaMnI jisa syAdAda praNAlI dvArA duniyA ke mata- kA prakAzaka / matAntaro ke sarvathA ekAta pakSajanya vivAdo kA nirmalana bhagavAna mahAvIra ne anekAnAtmaka vastu ko, eka naya kara satya aura samanvaya ke udAra dRSTikoNa dvArA dvAga vasnu meM vidyamAna eka dharma ko madhya tathA grepa dharmoM sApradAyikatA kA vinAza eva vizvabandhutva kI bhAvanA ke ko gauNa (na ki niSedha) kara pratipAdana karane kI gati pracAra-prasAra se mAnava samAja meM pArasparika sadbhAva eva eva nIti ko hI vastu svarUpa kA yathArtha bodha karAnevAlA vizva meM satya va zAti kI pratiSThA karane kA dAvA karane yA kahA hai, jaisA ki puruSArthamiddhyupAya ke antima padya meM rahe hai, unheM svaya hI ekAta kI talavAra lekara paraspara meM zrImadamatacandra svAmI ne darazAyA hai :-- prahAra karate dekhakara bar3A kheda aura pAzcarya hotA hai| "ekanAkarpantI ilathayato ca vastutattvamitareNa / pratyeka vastu ke anekAnAtmaka (nizcaya-vyavahArAtmaka) antena jayati jainInItimathAna netrAmava gopii|" hone se nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya usakA yathA jJAna (arthAt) jisa prakAra gApikA dahA se makkhana nikAlane kagane ke sAdhana hai, ata niSpakSa bhAva se ubhaya nayo dvArA ke lie mathAnI kI ramsI ke eka chora ko apanI ora
Page #59
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkata kA bRvaSya saMgraha aura usako mahattA khIMcatI va dUsare chora ko DhIla dete hue bhI pakaDe rahakara, naya ko pradhAnakara grahaNa kareM to mithyAttva ke binA carita phira use apanI prora khIcatI va prathama ko DhIla detI hai moha ke pakSa se gaga rahe aura jaba naya pakSa ko chor3a vastaevaM apanI isa bAraMbAra kI prakriyA dvArA hI makkhana svarUpa ko kevala jAnatA hI ho taba usa kAla zratajJAnI nikAlane meM samartha hotI hai (yadi vaha aisA na kare aura bhI kevalI kI taraha vItarAga ke samAna hI hotA hai aisA rassI ke kisI eka chora ko pakaDakara hI khIcatI jAya to jaannaa|"-(smysaar, pRSTha 207, parathata prabhAvaka dahI se makkhana nahI nikala sakatA) usI prakAra jainI nIti maMDala dvArA prakAzita-san 1916) bhI vastu viSayaka eka naya pakSa ko makhya va zeSa ko gauNa bAta asala meM yaha hai ki vastu svaya anekAntAtmaka yA tathA puna. zeSa ko mukhya va makhya ko gauNa kara vastu svarUpa nizcaya vyavahArAtmaka hai / tabhI vaha nizcaya aura vyavahAra kA yathArtha pratipAdana va jJAna karane meM samartha hotI hai, anyathA naya kA viSaya hokara nizcaya naya dvArA usake sthAI aza ko nhiiN| dhrauvya rUpa me tathA vyavahAra naya ke dvArA usI ke asthAyI pUjya svAmI jI ne isake pUrva graMtha kI prastAvanA meM aza (paryAya) ko utpAdazyayAtmaka adhra va rUpa meM pratIta apane ziSyo ko yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki hotI hai| utpAdavyayaghrIvyayukta sat' evaM 'sadravyalakSaNa' 'vyavahAranizcayo ya. prabaddhaya tatvena bhavati mdhysthH| ina mUtro dvArA vastu ke isa anekAMtamayI svarUpa kA hI prApnoti dezanAyA. ma evaphalamavikala ziSya. // " tattvArtha-mUtrakAra ne pratipAdana kiyA hai| "prapitAnapina (arthAta) vyavahAra aura nizcaya dvArA pratipAdita siddha.'' arthAt prayojana vaza kabhI prayAyo ko goNa kara dravya anekAntAtmaka vastu ke svarUpa ko jAnakara jo madhyastha kI makhyatA me usakA (vastu kA) nitya (brovya) rUpa kathana banA rahatA hai-kimI na ya ke pakSa vyAmoha meM na hI paDatA- aura kabhI paryAyo kI mukhyatA se dravya daSTi ko gauNa kara vahI ziSya bhagavAna kI dezanA ke sampUrNa phala ko prApta padArtha kA anitya rUpa (utpAdavyayAnmaka) kathana kara vasta karatA hai, arthAt samyaka jJAnI banakara Atma kalyANa kA meM kathacita nityatA aura anityatA kI middhi hotI hai, pAtra hotA hai, ekAtI nhii| kinta hama prAja matAgrahI jaimI vi pratyeka vastu sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka yA ninyAbanakara madhyastha bhAba kA parityAga karate jA rahe hai| nityAtmaka svataH siddha hai| na to vamta meM nityatA paramapUjya bhagavan kada-kada svAmI ne yahI bAta samaya- asatta hai aura na anityatA / yahI bAta bheda-abheda, baddhamAra meM bhI spaSTa rUpa meM ghoSita kara dI hai / ve gratha ke kartA abaddha, zuddha-azuddha prAdi dRSTiyo meM bhI lAgU hotI hai| karmAdhikAra meM kahate hai udAharaNa ke rUpa meM, pratyeka jIva jIvatva (caitanya )mAmAnya "dohaSi NayANa bhaNiya jANa i NavaraMtu smypddibddhaa| kI pTi meM (ajIva dravya ke gaNa paryAya se rahita) zuddha Na du Nayapakva nihadi kicivi Nayapakva parihINo / ninA kI Tier nizcaya naya kI apekSA zuddha hai, kita vyavahAra naya sa (arthAt prAtmA ke svarUpa ko jAnanevAlA jJAnI dono kAmI, krodhI, mAnI Adi koI sa mArga hai aura koI hI nayau (nizcaya aura vyavahAra) ke kathana ko kevala paramAtmya dazA ko prApta aghata yA siddha hai| isI prakAra, jAnatA hI hai, parantu naya pakSa ko kicit bhI grahaNa nahI bheda-prabheda Adi dRSTiyoM se bhA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| karatA, kyoki vaha nayo ke pakSapAna se rahita (madhyastha) apane-apane viSaya ko madhya aura zepa kA gauNa kara kathana hotA hai| karanevAle isa prakAra sabhI naya satya hai / na to paryAya daSTi isa gAthA ke mAvArtha meM samayasAra ke marvaprathama hiMdI se jIva kA masAga yA maktapanA jhUThA hai aura na jIvatva TIkAkAra zraddheya sva. zrImAn pa. jayacada jI chAbar3A ne daSTi se usakA zuddha ctnypnaa| isI prakAra, bheda daSTi nimna vAkya likhe haiM -- se jo masArI hai baha mukta nahI, jo deva hai vaha manuSya eka naya kI pakSa ke sarvathA grahaNa kareM to mithyAtva nhii| abheda dRSTi se manuSya bhI jIva hai, deva bhI, tayA se milA huA pakSa kA rAga ho tathA prayojana ke vaza se eka sasArI bhI aura mukta bhii|
Page #60
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 52 varSa 32, ki0 -4 nika yuga meM kucha manISI utpAdavyayAtmaka paryAyoM ko prAtmA yA vastu se sarvathA bhinna va mithyA mAna unako biSaya karanevAle vyavahAra naya ko bhI sarvathA mithyA mAna va ghoSita kara apane ko sampadRSTi mAna rahe haiN| ve yahAM taka mAnate aura dUsaro ko pratipAdana karate hai ki jo apanI zuddha paryAya ko bhI apanI mAnatA hai vaha mithyA dRSTi hai / yaha sUviruddha bhramapUrNa mAnyatA anekAta middhAta kA spaSTatayA apalApa hai / kyA koI bhI vastu yA AtmA kabhI bhI paryAya rahita hotI yA ho sakatI hai? paryAyeM zuddha paura azuddha paristhiti ke anusAra ho sakatI hai aura hai / kintu ve haiM dravya kI hI / na to kabhI dvatya paryAyoM se bhinna yA zUnya hotA hai aura na paryAyeM hI svataMtra rUpa meM dravya se bhinna kabhI aura kahI utpanna hotI yA ho sakatI hai| pAkhira paryAyeM svataMtra vastu na hokara dravya kA pariNamana hI to haiM, jo ki vastu kA svabhAva hai| paramapUjya dyAcArya kUdakUda deva ne pravacanasAra meM isI satya ko udghATita karate hue gAthA naM. 101 me spaSTa kiyA hai| anekAMta "uppAdaTThidibhagA vijjate pajjayesu pajjAyA / davvati satiNiyadaM tamhA davvaM havadi savva / / " (arthAt utpAda sthiti (provya) aura vinAza paryAyo meM rahate hai aura nizcaya karake ye paryAya dravya meM rahatI hai| isa kAraNa nizcita rUpa meM ve utpAda vyaya dhIvya mayI paryAyeM dravya hI hai| uparyukta kathana kI puSTi meM prAge unhoMne gAthA naM. 102 se 105 taka isI satya aura tathya ko nirUpita kara aura bhI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| yahAM sAcArya mahodaya ne na kevala utpAdavyaya-svarUpa azoM ko hI paryAya mAnA hai, pratyuta vAdA ko bhI paryAya hI mAnakara dravya ko paryAyoM kA samUha pratipAdita kiyA hai| yadi paryAyoM aura unameM bhI apanI zuddha paryAyoM ko dRSTi apanI nahIM mAnatA to kisako mAnatA hai? yadi vaha apanI zuddha paryAya ko apanI mAnane se midhyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai, taba aAcArya zrI kA ukta kathana hI mithyA siddha hogA jo ki inakI mAnyatA se sarvathA mela nahI khAtA aura cAcArya zrI ke kathana ko mithyA tathA ina manISiyo ke kathana ko samyakU mAnakara zraddhAna karanA sabhava nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha satya aura tathya zUnya hokara pratyakSAdi pramANoM se bhI viruddha hai / yahAM prazna ho sakatA hai ki taba phira zAstro meM paryAyadRSTi ko midhyAdRSTi kyo kahA ? samAdhAna yaha hai ki paryAya ko dravya kI jAnane yA paryAyo para dRSTi DAlanevAloM ko mithyAdRSTi nahIM kahA hai, balki usa vyakti ko midhyAdRSTi kahA hai ki jo kevala manuSya devAdi rUpa saMyogI paryAya mAtra ko hI AtmA mAnakara apane caitanya svarUpa zrAtmadrazya ko na samajhatA huA bhramita ho rahA hai, arthAt manuSyAdi azuddha paryAyoM meM ahaMkAra mamakAra karatA huA apane vAstavika rUpa ko bhulA detA hai aura apane vAstavika guNa paryAyoM ke svarUpo ko na jAnatA huA sayogI paryAya meM hI mRgdha huA use apanA svarUpa mAna tAvanmAtra apanI zraddhA kara letA hai| pravacanasAra kI gAthA 63 aura 64 meM isI tathya ko mUla graMthakartA AcArya zrI ne tathA usake TIkAkAroM ne spaSTa bhI kiyA hai / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki vibhinna nayoM dvArA paraspara birodhI kathana kA honA - vastu meM vidyamAna paraspara virodhI jaise dharmo guNa yA paryAyoM kI vibhinnatA ko viSaya karane ke kAraNa svAbhAvika hai| jaise eka naya vastu ko dravyatva yA guNoM ke anvayI bhAva ke kAraNa nitya va zuddha jAnatA va pratipAdana karatA hai to dUsarA usI vastu kI paryAyoM kI mukhyatA se anitya va azuddha nityatA dravyaguNa sApekSa aura pranityatA paryAya sApekSa hai / isIlie ubhaya nayoM kA kathana bhI paraspara meM sApekSa va eka dUsare kA pUraka hokara anekAtAtmaka vastu kA yathArtha jJAna karAne meM sahAyaka hotA hai, na ki eka-dUsare ke viSaya kA khaMDana karake sabhI nayo ko apane-apane viSaya ko mukhya karake kathana karane ko svataMtratA evaM adhikAra hai, sAtha hI unheM usa samaya dUsare nama ke viSaya ko gauNa karate hue unase mitratA (sApekSatA) banAe rakhanA bhI anivArya hai, yadi ve sunaya hai| eka sunaya dUsare munaya ke viSaya meM na to hastakSepa karatA hai aura na usakA khaDana hI / zrataH dUsare nayo ke viSaya kI satyatA ko vaha bhalIbhAMti jAnatA hai| isake sibAya dUsare nayo yA unake viSayo ko khaDana karane prathabA 1 -
Page #61
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkRta kA dAvya saMgraha aura usakI mahattA jhaThalAne kA use koI adhikAra bhI nahIM haiM, kyoki vastu vastu ko dravya kI mukhyatA se jAnane yA kathana karane ko ke bhanekAtAtmaka hone se dUsarA naya bhI to usI vastu me dravyAthika naya kahate haiN| paryAyoM yA guNoM ko vastu ke aMza vidyamAna usase bhinna dUsare satyAza ko hI grahaNa va prati- yA bheda rUpa meM grahaNa kara jAnane vA kathana karane ko pAdana kara rahA hotA hai| paryAyAthika naya kahate haiN| naigamasagrahAdi inhI nayoM ke bheda prataH kisI bhI naya kA pakSapAtI banakara durAgraha karanA haiN| adhyAtma granthoM meM inhIM nayoM kA nizcaya pora vyavahAra na to ucita hai aura na vaha jinAgama ke anukUla hai| ho naya ke nAma se pratipAdana eva prayoga kiyA gayA haisakatA hai ki kisI ko kisI naya vizeSa se adhika pyAra dravyAthika ko nizcaya va paryAyAthika ko vyavahAra / iname aura usI ko parama satya mAnane kA bhrama ho gayA ho, nizcaya naya ko prAyaH bhUtArtha aura vyavahAra naya ko prabhUtArtha kintu aise mohI jana hI ekAMta mithyAtvI kahe jAte hai, yaha kahA gayA hai| hameM sadaiva dhyAna meM rakhanA hai| bhUtArtha zabda-bhUta+artha, isa prakAra do zabdoM ke yoga ___isIlie vaktA aura zrotA dono ko nayoM ke svarUpa se banA hai| bhUta zabda ke aneka artha haiM-hita, satya, dravya, ko bhalIbhAMti samajhakara hI niSpakSa bhAva se vastu tattva jIva, pretiyoni, atItakAla, mUlatattva prAdi / isI prakAra, jAnanA va anya ko pratipAdana karanA sva para hina upA- artha zabda bhI aneka arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai, jaise-prayojana, deya va ucita hai; kyoki zAstra kI gAdI para vaktA jaina abhiprAya, dhana, hetu, viSaya prAdi / yahA kisa artha meM bhUta siddhAta kA pratipAdaka hotA hai, na ki apanI nijI kA artha zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, yadi isapara vicAra saMkucita eva kalpita mAnyatAoM aura pakSapAtapUrNa ekAtika kareM to prakaraNa ko dekhate hue bhUta zabda dravyavAcaka evaM ruci va vicAradhArA kaa| artha zabda viSaya yA prayojana vAcaka susagata pratIta hotA hai| tadanusAra dravya (sAmAnya) hai| prayojana yA viSaya jisakA pramANa aura naya vaha bhUtArtha naya hai aura jisakA viSaya dravya nahI hai"pramANanayaradhigama." mokSazAstra ke isa sUtra ke ana paryAyAdi vizeSa haiM, vaha abhUtArtha naya hai / yataH zuddha nizcaya sAra vastu tattva kA jJAna pramANa aura nayoM se hotA hai. naya (apara nAma dravyAthika naya) paryAyAdi bhedo ko gauNa arthAt pramANa aura naya vastu svarUpa ko jAnane ke sAdhana kara dravya (sAmAnya va abheda) dRSTipradhAna hai, ata: vaha hai| anekAtamayI vastu ke sarvAMga jJAna ko pramANa tathA bhUtArtha hai tathA vyavahAra naya dravya ko gauNa kara paryAya usake kisI aza kI mukhyatA ko lekara ekAgI jJAna yA (vizeSa) dRSTi pradhAna hai ata. prabhUtArtha hai| usake pragaTa karane ke abhiprAya ko naya kahate hai| pratyeka bhUta zabda kA artha satya bhI hai jisase nizcaya naya ko vastu anekAtAtmaka-apane anaMta guNo aura paryAyoM kA satyArtha eva vyavahAra naya ko asatyArtha bhI kahA gayA haiprakhaDa piDa hai| prata. usako pramANa dvArA vaisA hI jAnakara jisakA ullekha zrImajjayasenAcArya kRta samayasAra kI usame vidyamAna eka guNa, dharma yA paryAya ko mukhya tathA zeSa 11vI gAthA kI TIkA meM pAyA jAtA hai| kintu isI ko gauNakara kathana karane ko syAdvAda kahA jAtA hai| pramANa 11vI gAthA ko TIkA me ukta prAcArya hI gAthA kA ke pratyakSa-parokSa ke bheda se do bheda haiM / indriyoM aura mana dvitIya rUpa meM vyAkhyAna karate hue vyavahAra naya ko bhI Adi para vastu kI sahAyatA se hone vAlA jJAna parokSa bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha ke bheda se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate pramANa hai tathA binA kisI kI sahAyatA ke aAtmika zakti hai| ve likhate hai ki vyavahAra naya bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha ke prada honevAlA jJAna pratyakSa pramANa kahalAtA hai| bheda se do bheda rUpa haiM, usI prakAra zuddha naya bhI bhUtArtha aura naya ke bhI mukhya do bheda haiM-(1) dravyAthika abhUtArtha (zuddha nizcaya aura azuddha nizcaya) ke bheda se do (2)paryAthika / dravya-guNa-paryAya ke prakhaMDa piMDa svarUpa bheda rUpa haiM / unake zabda haiM
Page #62
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 54, varSa 32, ki0 3-4 anekAMta "dvitIya vyAkhyAnena punaH vavahAro prabhUdattho- jaina siddhAMta meM nayo ko aza-aMga rUpa me bastu kA parijJAna vyavahAro'bhUtArtho bhUdantho bhUtArthazca desido dezitaH kathitaH karAnevAlA hone se unako paraspara maitrI-bhAva (anya naya na kevalaM vyavahAro dezitaH, suddhaNayo zuddha nizcaya nayo'pi / sApekSatA) rakhakara hI vastu ke satyAMza kA pratipAdaka mAnA du zabdAdaya zuddha nizcaya nayo pi dvidhA zuddhanizcayA- gayA hai| zuddhanizcayabhedena nizcaya nayo'pi dvidhA iti na ya catuSTayaM / bhUta zabda kA artha hita bhI hai, ataH isa dRSTi se koI -samayasAra, rAmacandra zAstramAlA, pRSTha 24 / koI manISI kevala nizcaya naya ko hI prAtmA kA hita zrImadamatacandra svAmI ne bhI samayasAra kI 14vI sAdhaka mAna nizcaya ko bhUtArtha va vyavahAra naya ko ahitagAthA kI TIkA meM vyavahAgnaya kI dRSTi pradhAna kathana ko kArI mAna use abhUtArtha va sarvathA heya pratipAdana karate dekhe kathaMcita bhUtArtha kahA hai aura usI prakAra zuddha nizcaya naya jAte hai| kinta ziSyoM ko tattva bodha karAne meM vyavahAra naya kI dRSTi pradhAna kathana ko bhI kacit hI bhUtArtha kahA hai| hI prayojanabAna hone se, hitakArI bhI siddha hotA hai; ve kahate hai-mAtmA kA prabaddha, aspaSTa, ananya, niyata, yahA taka ki sabhI jIvoM ko prArabhika ajJAna dazA meM pravizeSa aura prasayuktapanA zuddha nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se vyavahAra naya hI tattva bodha karane meM anivArpa sAdhana hai ataH vicArane para bhUtArtha hai aura vyavahAra na ya kI dRSTi se dekhane isa artha meM bhI vyavahAra naya bhUtArtha siddha hotA hai| para baddha, spaSTa, anya, aniyata, mavizeSa tathA sayuktapanA isa prakAra, mamayamAra meM zrImadamatacandrAcArya ne tathA bhI bhUtArtha hai / yata dono nayo ke viSaya bhinna hai / zuddha naya zrImajjayasenAcArya ne jo nizcaya aura vyavahAra dono nayo kA viSaya guNa paryAyo ke bhedo ko gauNa kara zuddha eka akhaDa kA bhUtArtha va abhUtArtha rUpa meM pratipAdana kiyA hai vaha nitya caitanya svarUpa prAtmA hai, jabaki vyavahAra naya dvArA ullikhita vivaraNa meM gabhIratApUrvaka bhalI-bhAti vicAgne dravyadRSTi ko gauNa evaM paryAyo ko mukhya kara kathana karane para yathArtha va nyAyocita siddha ho jAtA hai| se prAtmA sasAra dazA meM baddha, spRSTa yAdi rUpa meM grahaNa va imake sivAya thImajjayasenAcArya ne mamayamAra kI hI pratipAdana karana ma pAtA hai| ataH isa dRSTi se vyavahAra 115vI gAthA kI TIkA karate hae, nizcaya pora vyavahAra naya bhI satyArtha hai ? kyoki AtmA svaya utpAda vyaya- pokoholojImajAdI aura unake sApekSa dhrIvyAtmaka va svabhAvataH guNa paryAyAnmaka hai / ataH apane hone para hI dono ko satya siddha kiyA hai| unake zabda nimna apane viSaya ko madhya tathA anya naya ke viSaya ko gauNa prakAra :kara kathana karate hae dono hI naya satyArtha yA bhUtArtha hai ki ca. zada nizcayena jIvasyAkataM tvamayoktatva ca eva mUnaya hokara vastu kA yathArtha jJAna karane-karAne me gozAtira karana-karAne meM krodhAdimyazca bhinnatva bhavatIti vyAkhyAne kRte mati dvitIya sahAyaka hai| pakSa vyavahAreNa kartRtva bhoktatve ca krodhAdimyazcAbhinnatva vastutaH eka naya (sunaya) anya nayo ke viSaya ko gauNa ca labhyate eva / kasmAt ? nizcayavyavahArayo paraspara eva apane dRSTigata viSaya ko mukhya kara kathana karane kA hI sApekSatvAt / kathamiti cet ? yathA "dakSiNena cakSa SA adhikArI hai / vastu meM vidyamAna dharma, gaNa yA paryAya ko, pazyatyayaM devadattaH" ityukte vAmena na pazyatItyunuktajo anya naya kA viSaya haiM, niSedha karane yA use jhuThalAne siddhamiti / ye punarevaM parasparasApekSanayavibhAgaM na manyante kA na to use koI adhikAra va iSTa hI hotA hai aura na sAkhyasadAzivamatAnusAriNa steSAM mate ya-thAzuddha nizcayavastu kA vaisA (sarvathA ekAtamayI) svarUpa hI hai| jaba bhI nayena kartA na bhavati, krodhAdimyazca bhinno bhavati tathA eka naya dUsare naya ko kadAgraha yA ahakAra athavA pakSapAta- vyavahAreNApi,natazca krodhAdipariNamanAbhAve sati siddhAnAvaza jhaThalAegA yA usake viSaya ko gauNa na kara nipeSa miva karmabadhAbhAvaH / karma baMdhAbhAve saMsArAbhAvaH / saMsArAkaregA tabhI vaha svaya bhI nirapekSa ho jAne se mithryakAta ke bhAve sarvadA muktatvaM prApnoti / sa ca pratyakSa virodha:-- garta meM girakara prasatya kI koTi meM calA jAegA / ataH sasArasya pratyekSaNa dRzyamAnatvAt / "
Page #63
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkRta kA badravyasaMgraha aura usakI mahattA (arthAt) "dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zuddha naya se jIva ke kahane para bhI miTTI ke ghar3e ko ghI kA banA huA ghaDA akapinA, abhoktApanA aura krodhAdika se bhinnapanA mAnakara nahI calatA, pratyuta zrotA uma ghaDe ko ghI ke ghar3e hai-isa prakAra vyAkhyAna karane para dUsare pakSa meM vyavahAra ke nAma se jAnatA hai ataH usako usakI samajha ke anusAra se kapinA, bhoktApanA aura krodhAdika se abhinnapanA samajhAne kA hI rahatA hai, ataH prAcAryoM ne bhI vibhinna bhI jova meM pAyA ho jAtA hai| kisa kAraNa se ? yadi aisA prakAra ke jIvoM ko unakI samajha va yogyatAnamAra vastu pUcho, to uttara yaha hai ki jaise devadatta dakSiNa netra (dAhinI kA svarUpa samajhAne ke lie vibhinna nayo kA upayoga kiyA pAkha) se dekhatA hai, aisA kathana karane para bAma netra (vAyI hai, jo jIvoM ke hita meM hai| Akha) se nahI dekhatA, yaha bAta binA kaha siddha ho jAtI isa prakAra, nayo dvArA vastu kA jJAna vibhinna dRSTiyoM hai|" arthAt nizcaya-vyavahAra dono naya dAya-bAya netra me pAtrAnusAra karAyA jAtA hai, ata: nayo kA svarUpa bhI ke samAna hai| yathArtha rUpa meM jAnanA nitAMta Avazyaka hai, kyoMki prAcAryoM aAge calakara ve kahate hai--"jo isa prakAra paraspara ne jo kucha bhI vastu ke sambandha meM kathana kiyA hai vaha kisI sApekSa naya vibhAga ko nahIM mAnate. aise jo mArUpa aura naya kI mukhya dRSTi se hI kiyA hai aura vaha anya naya sApekSa sadAziva matAnayAyo hai unake mana meM jaise zuddha nizcaya naya hokara vastu kA aMza rUpa meM jJAna karAnevAlA hai, ata. satya se jIva kartA nahI hai aura krodhAdika se bhinna hai, usI hai| prakAra vyavahAra naya se bhI mAnanA pdd'egaa| isame saMsArI samayasArAdi prAdhyAtmika graMthoM meM zuddha naya kI abhedajIva ke krodhAdi rUpa pariNamana karane ke abhAva meM middha pradhAna sAmAnya dRSTi kI pradhAnatA se prAtmAdi tattvo ke bhagavAn ke mamAna kama badhana kA prabhAva mAnanA par3egA mvarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai tathA gomaTasArAdi aura karma badha ke abhAva meM jIva ko sarvadA maktapane kaa| gratho meM bheda-naya pradhAna vyavahAra dRSTi se guNasthAnAdi gata pramaga pAvegA, jabaki yaha sArI jIva sarvadA mukta hai' jIva ke hI bhAvo tathA gati indriyAdi avasthAnoM ke kathana isa kathana aura mAnyatA meM pratyakSa me hI virodha hai; kyoki dvArA tatva jJAna karAne kA paramapUjya AcAryoM ne prayAma kara, isa jIva kA masAra pratyakSa hI dikhAI de rahA hai|" tattva jijJAmugro kI pAvAnamAra jJAnapipAsA ko zAta karake prAcAryazrI ke ukta kathana se-dono nayo kI parampara. mahAna upakAra kiyA hai jisame hame, nayo ke pakSavyAmoha virodhI dRSTiyA hone para bhI ve sApekSa hokara dono hI satya / kA parityAga kara samyakjJAna kI prAgadhanA dvAga vItarAga hai aura nirapekSa dono hI pramANa viruddha hone me mithyA vijJAna kI prora agrasara honA hI zreyaskara hai| hai-yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| __nayo ke pakSapAta-vaza unase rAga-dveSa karanA athavA isake mivAya, vyavahAra naya ke antargata upacarita naya tattvacarcA meM usakA prayoga kara visaMvAda karanA aura eka bhI pAtA hai, jisameM eka vastu ke gaNa dharmo ko kAraNavaza dUsare ko mithyAdRSTi kahakara saMbodhana karanA yA parampara dUmarI vastu meM prAgepita kara mathana kiyA jAtA hai, jaise zava tApUrNa vyavahAra karanA-kaganA na to Avazyaka aura ghI rakhe rahane ke kAraNa miTTI ke ghaDe ko ghI kA ghar3A ucita hai aura na isase anAdikAlIna moha kA vinAza kahate hai athavA paudgalika deha meM jIva ke rahane meM deha ko hokara mamtagdarzana kI prAptipUrvayaH tattva jJAna kI upalabdhi bhI jIva kahakara vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| yaha naya bhI va cAritra kI pavitratA hI sabhava hai| prata vidvAnoM aura mlekSo ko mle bhASA meM jJAna karAne ke samAna, ajAniyo pravacanakArI kA yaha parama kartavya hai ki ve ajJatA vaza apane ko jisa pracalita vyavahAra va bhASA me tanva samajhAne kI kisI priya naya ke marvathA pakSa-vyAmoha ke kucaka meM phasakara AvazyakatA hai usI ke sahAre tattva bodha karAne meM sahAyaka granekAMnAtmaka jaina zAmana kA galA ghoTa ekAtamithyAnva ke hone se hitakArI mAnA jAkara zAstroM va prava vano me upa- pracAra-prasAra se dUra rahe nayA mamAja ko nagara-nagara aura yoga meM lAyA jAtA hai| vaktA kA abhiprAya ghI kA ghaDA gAMva-gAMta meM imI AdhAra para phaTa DAlakara do bhAgo meM
Page #64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 56, varSa, 32, ki03-4 anekAMta bAMTane aura lar3Ane kA prayatna na kareM / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke rUpa vyavahAra-caritna kA pAlana karate hue pAtma-svarUpa meM anugAmI hone ke kAraNa unapara jo anekAMtaparaka satya sthiratAmayI vItarAga-nizcaya-caritra kI prApti kA siddhAMta kI jtoti pUrvAcArya paraMparA se prakSa NNa rUpa meM, abhyAsa karamAtmasvarUpa meM lIna hone ko mokSa mArga darzAyA mAgama va adhyAtmazAstroM meM jagamagA rahI hai use apanI hai| prataH ise yadi jinavANI kA saMkSipta-gAgara-meM-sAgara majhatAvaza DhaMkane yA bujhAne kA durabhimAna, cAlAkI yA jaisA sAra kahA jAya to atizayokti na hogii| nAsamajhI se prayatna karanA aura apane dUSita abhiprAyoM ko usa para lAdane kA prayatna karanA sarvathA anucita hai-isa maMca ko bRhadravya saMgraha TIkA va anya TIkAeM para dhyAna deN| isa graMtha kI zrImadbrahmadevakRta saMskRta meM eka vistRta pradha meM pratipAdita viSaya adhyAtmaparaka prathama TIkA hai jo zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala pragAsa dvArA prakAzita hai / yaha saMsthA suvikhyAta adhyAtma yaha graMtha tIna adhikAroM meM vibhAjita hai| prathama marmajJa zrImadrAyacandrajI dvArA saMsthApita hai| graMtha meM pratijIvAjIvAdhikAra meM kevala jIvadravya kA vibhinna daSTiyoM pAdita viSaya evam usakI saMskRta TIkA ke sambandha meM usakI se avAntara nava adhikArI dvArA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai prastAvanA meM hindI meM anuvAdakartA jayapura nivAsI tathA ajIva dravya evaM usake medoM kA lakSaNAtmaka varNana suprasiddha sva. vidvAn zrI paM. javAharalAlajI zAstrI ne aba karate hue pacAstikAya meM sammilita dravyo kA sakAraNa se karIba 65 varSa pUrva vIra ni. 2442 meM nimna vAkya likhe nirUpaNa bhI hai| dUsare tatvanirUpaNAdhikAra meM prAsravAdi haiM : tattvo kA bhAva tathA dravya svarUpa unake bhedoM kA sakSepa meM "isameM gratha ke nAmAnusAra kevala jIvAjIvAdi SaTdigdarzana karAte hue puNya aura pApa kA bhI varNana kiyA dravyo kA hI varNana nahI hai| kita SaT dravyo ke parijJAna ko gayA hai| tIsare adhikAra meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra mokSa AtmaprApti kA sAdhana dikhalAyA gayA hai| isIlie yaha mArga kA svarUpa darzAkara samyakanarzana, jJAna, cAritra kA TIkA adhyAtma viSaya kA eka acchA gratha hai / prAyaH nizcaya ubhaya nayo se pratipAdana eva dhyAna kI upayogitA, svarUpa naya kI mukhyatA ko lie hue kathana hone se adhyAtma viSaya va bhedoM ko spaSTa karate hue aMta me tapazrutavrata sahita sabase kaThina viSaya hai| alpajJo kI to zakti hI nahI hai (vyavahAra caritra kA bhalI-bhAti paripAlana karanevAlA) ki ve isake marma ko samajha sake aura jo buddhimAna hai ve mAtmA hI nizcaya (dhyAna svarUpa vItarAga) caritra kA pAna bhI anekAntamaya mArga ke marma ko na jAnane se pada 2 para ho sakatA hai, isalie tapazrutavrata rUpa vyavahAra dharma ke pari pramAnvita ho jAte haiN| yahI nahIM, kintu kitane hI to jaise pAlana kI anivArya rUpa me AvazyakatA evaM sArthakatA dikhA bhASA ke prasiddha kavi aura adhyAtmarasa ke rasika paM. kara apane lakSya ko prApta karane ke lie uname sadA hI lIna banArasIdAsajI kevala samayasAra ke par3hane se-'karaNI ko rahane kI preraNA kI gaI hai| rasa miTa gayo bhayo na Atama svAda / huI banArasi kI dazA isa prakAra, vyavahAra mokSa mArga ko nizcaya mokSa mArga jema UMTa ko paad|" isa dohe ke anusAra eka bAra vyavahAra kA sAdhaka darzAte hue prathakartA ne donoM nayo se unheM paraspara caritra ko jalAMjali de cuke the| usI prakAra, anya jana bhI sApekSa maitrI-bhAva dvArA jIvAdi dravyoM evaM tattvoM kA ekAnta nizcaya mArga kA avalambana kara anekAntamaya jina nirUpaNa kiyA hai tathA jIvAdika jina praNIta tattvo kI dharma ke zikhara se patana ko prApta ho jAte haiM / parantu nizcaya yathArtha zraddhA evam sazaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAya rahita ke sAtha vyavahAra kA kathana bhI vidyamAna hone se isa graMtha samyakajJAna kI prArAdhanA karate hue azubha kriyAmo se meM sone meM suhAgA kI kahAvata caritArtha hotI hai aura isake nivRtti evam zubha (vrata samiti-gupti)kriyAmoM meM pravRtti- par3hane se bhrama utpanna hone ke badale bhaneka bhrama bhAga jAte haiN|
Page #65
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkRta kA bRhaddavya-saMgraha aura usakI mahattA prataH adhyAtma mahala meM caDhane ke lie isa TIkA ko prathama bhASA meM gratha ke bhAva ko samajhane meM sarvasAdhAraNa ko upamopAna kahA jAve to atizayokti na hogii|" yogI hai| jaise ki graMtha kI vistRta TIkA ke sambandha meM ukta dravya-sagraha me tattvArtha kI syAdvAda-paraka garimApUrNa vidvAna anavAdaka mahodaya ne apane vicAra vyakta kiye hai, sakSipta vivecanA se prAkRSTa hokara svAMtaHsukhAya eka navIna adhyAtma kA abhyAsa karane kI ruci rakhanevAle pAThako ko padyAnuvAda karane kI aMtaraMga se mujhe bhI jo preraNA milI thI yaha graMtha va usakI TIkA kitanI upayogI hai, yaha sahaja hI usI ke phalasvarUpa eka padyAna vAda samAja kI sevA me maiMne bhI vidita ho jAtA hai| prastuta kiyA hai aura vaha prakAzita huA hai| isame rASTra__dravyasaMgraha kI hiMdI TIkAgro me eka mahattvapUrNa TIkA bhASA ke mAdhyama se gratha ke bhAva ko spaSTa karate hue use (jo isake bhAvAnabAda ko sampanna kara lene ke pazcAt mujhe geya aura nityapATha karane-karAne ke upayukta banAne kA dekhane meM pAI hai) dradhya-sagraha bhASAvanikA ke nAma se tathA bharasaka prayAsa kiyA gayA hai / isa prayAsa meM saphalatA kahA hidI meM hI caupAI chado meM bhASA-padyAnuvAda, jayapura nivAsI taka milI, isakA nirNaya sahRdaya vijJa pAThaka hI kara vidvadvara pa. jayacandrajI chAbaDA ne vikrama sa. 1863 me skeNge| padyAnuvAda ke sAtha hI mUla gAthAoM kA bhAva spaSTa likhI thI jo vArANasI se varNI grathamAlA se prakAzita hai| karane ke uddezya se sarala bhASA meM bhAvArtha bhI diyA gayA inhI ne samayasAra paramAtmaprakAzAdi grayoM ko sarvaprathama hai| jaina tatvajJAna evaM adhyAtma me praveza karane ke hidI me TIkAe tathA maulika racanAe bhI sampanna kI hai, utsuka dharmabadhupro kI prAthamika jJAna-pipAsA kozAta karane jinase samAja bhalIbhAti paricita hai| isake mivAya hiMdI meM isase nizcaya-vyavahAra nayo kI samanvita daSTi se meM vidyArthiyoM ko vidyAlayoM kI kakSAoM meM adhyApanArtha adhyayana karane para yatheSTa sahAyatA milegI tathA aneka anya aneka vidvAnoM dvAro sakSipta TIkAe bhI haI hai, jinase bhrAtiyA bhI dUra ho skeNgii| samAja ko baDA lAbha humA hai| abhI-abhI 105 zrI prAyikA viduSI ratna mAtA jJAnamatI jI kA hindI me hI 5/1, tambolI bAgvasa, navIna padyAnuvAda bhI sanAvada se prApta huA hai jo sarala indaura (madhya pradeza) mahAvIra saMvata : bhArata kA sarvaprAcI saMvata bhArata kA sarvaprAcIna savat mahAvIra saMvat hai| isakI prAmANikatA ko siddha karane ke lie muprAcIna vipula mAhitya ke atirikta zilAlekha bhI maujUda hai| vIra nirvANa san 84 (I0 pU0 443) kA yaha zilAlekha ajamera (rAjasthAna) ke pAsa baDalI gAva meM milA thaa| vIra nirvANa sUcaka lekho me yaha sarvaprathama lekha hai| rAjasthAnAtargata ajamera saMgrahAlaya meM yaha lekha saprati maujada hai, kahanA kaThina hai| kucha bhI ho. mahAvIrasvAmI ke mokSa jAne ke thor3e hI samaya ke bAda kA yaha lekha mahAvIra savata ko sarvaprAcIna siddha karane ke lie paryApta mudaDha pramANa hai| "jaina sAhitya sazodhaka", khaNDa 1, pRSTha 211 meM prasiddha itihAsajJa DA0 kAzIprasAda jAyasavAnna likhate haiM ki "jaino meM karIba 2500 varSoM se pracalita savatsara gaNanA kI rIti hinduno me sarvottama hai| isase prAcIna kAla se aitihAsika paddhati kI varSa gaNanA hamAre deza meM pracAra me thI, yaha bAta spaSTa siddha hotI hai| yaha paddhati anyatra naSTa hokara sirpha jaino meM hI rahA hai| jaina varSa gaNanA ke prAcAra para buddha aura mahAvIra ke kAla ke bAda kI aitihAsika ghaTanAoM ko maiMne kAlakrama se ThIka kiyA hai / vaha sujJAta gaNanA se bilkula ThIka baiThatA hai| aneka aitihAsika vicAroM kA saketa hameM jano ke aitihAsika lekha eva paTTAliyo se bhI milatA hai|"
Page #66
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vicAra tathA kRtitva : samasta vizva ke lie anupama dharohara DA0 rAmakumAra varmA jisa samaya rAjarSi puruSottamadAsa TaMDana ne mujhase pratyeka paristhiti meM vastusthiti kI hI vAstavikatA ke vizeSa prAgraha kiyA thA ki maiM hindI sAhitya kA pAloca- rahasya ko pahacAnA hai| isalie usane virodha kI apekSA nAtmaka itihAsa likhU to maiMne isa saMdarbha me vizeSa adhyayana mahayoga ko jIvana kA tathya samajhA hai| karanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| hindI sAhitya ke prAdikAla jainadharma ke isa sarvabyApI mahatva ne hI mujhe caubIsaveM kA vizleSaNa karate samaya majhe uttara apabhraza ko zailI me tIrthakara vardhamAna mahAvIra ke prati apanI zraddhA samarpita hemacanda jaina dhyAvaraNAcArya ke dohe tathA prabandha lekhaka karane ke lie prerita kiyaa| unhone jIvana meM upalabdha svayaMbhU pora puSpadanta kI racanAoM ko paDhakara, unake sabhI prakAra ke indriya janina mukho kA parityAga kara sAhityika utkarSa se prasannatA mizrita pUtahala bhI hayA sabodhi kI prApti ke lie apanA jIvana utsarga kara diyaa| thaa| ina carita kAbyo ko par3hane para jIvana ke yathAtha ke teisaveM tIrthakara pAzrvanAtha ke cAturyAma (ahiMsA, satya, sAtha, umake udAtta svarUpa kA jo nirvAha kiyA gayA hai, asteya aura aparigraha ) meM mahAbIra ne pacayAma (brahmacarya) vaha vAstava meM sAhityika zailI kA eka utkRSTa rUpa jJAta joDakara jIvana ko jisa sudRDha patha para pratiSThita kiyA, humA / usake sAtha hI sAtha jaina sAhitya ke antargata dharma vaha saMbhavata: unake pUrvavartI kisI tIrthakara dvArA sambhava mora darzana kI jo mImAsA prastuta kI gaI, vaha itanI nahI hmaa| vardhamAna mahAvIra vaizAlI ke adhipati siddhArtha vizvasanIya aura vyAvahArika jJAta huI ki maina jaina sAhitya nareza ke rAjakUmAra the| zakti, maundarya aura sAhasa me ke pracura pranyo kI khoja kI aura mujhe hindI sAhitya ke pratima, kintu zaizava se hI parivAra meM pArzvanAtha kI mAdikAla kI sAmagrI yatheSTa rUpa me prApta ho gyii| apane upAsanA hone ke kAraNa ve RjutA sahita vItarAgI the| mAlocanAtmaka itihAsa me jaina dhama aura dazana kI vyAkhyA mahAtmA buddha se maiM unheM isa bAta meM zreSTha mAnatA ha kyoki karate hue, maiMne yaha anubhava kiyA ki hindI sAhitya ke buddha ke mana me vairAgya bhAvanA taba dravita huI, jaba unhone vikAsa me ina grandho kA vizeSa mahattva hai| zramaNAcAra aura rogo, vRddha paura mRtaka ko dekhaa| taba unhone jIvana kI zrAvakAcAra ke mAdhyama se unhone jIvana ka mAdhyatmika nazvaratA kA anubhava kiyA, kintu mahAbIra badhamAna ke bhaura laukika parivezo kA vibhAjana karata hue bhI, unama lie ina upAdAno kI koI prAvazkatA nahI thii| isIeka sAmajasya sthApita kara diyaa| isa sandarbha meM eka lie maiMne unake vairAgya ko unakA RjusaskAra kahA hai, jijJAsA mere hRdaya meM utpanna huI ki mahAtmA buddha vaSNava arthAt yaha saskAra una para bAhara se nahI pAyA kintu vaha dharma ke avatAro me svIkRta hokara bhI, dhArmika dRSTikoNa janmajAta thaa| isa dRSTi se maiM unheM mahAtmA buddha se mahAnatara mAnatA huuN| se isa deza se nirvAsita kyo ho gaye, jabaki jainadharma jo "jaya vardhamAna" nATaka kI racanA karate samaya unakI bauddhadharma ke samAnAntara hI calatA rahA, mAja deza kI janatA vairAgya bhAvanA kA vAstavika rUpa prakhara karane ke lie maiMna kA eka avibhAjya aMga banA hamA hai| isakA samAdhAna eka vastubAdI rUparekhA prastuta kI hai / nATaka meM supriyA, majhe jainadharma ke panakAnta yA syAdvAda meM milA / jana. rabhA, tilottamA jaisI sundara prapsarAmoM ko (sato, rajo dhama ne satya ko vividha rUpA meM dekhA hai, isalie usana (zeSa pR0 64 para)
Page #67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jainAcArya aura Ayurveda [janAcAryoM ne bhI anya bhAcAryoM kI bhAMti prAyurveda sAhitya ke sajana ye apanA apUrva yogadAna kiyA hai| bhAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki anusandhAna dvArA uma sAhitya ko prakAza me lAkara mAyurveda-sAhitya kI vRddhi kI jAe aura prAyurveda kI dRSTi se usakA samucita mUlyAMkana kiyA jaae|] 0 zrI rAjakumAra jaina saMskRta-sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi me jainAcAryoM ne apanA prAzcarya hotA hai ki kisa prakAra unhoMne aneka viSayoM para jo mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai, vaha suvidita hai / saskRta- apanI adhikArapUrNa lekhanI calAkara apanI adbhuta viSayasAhitya kA aisA koI viSaya yA kSetra nahI bacA hai jisa pravaNatA aura vilakSaNa buddhi-vaibhava kA paricaya diyA hai| para jainAcAryoM ne apanI lekhanI na calAyI ho| isakA isase yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki unhe una sabhI viSayoM meM mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki jainAcArya kevala eka viSaya ke prauDha prabhutva prApta thaa| unakA pANDitya sarvapadagata vyApI adhikArI nahIM the, apitu ve pratyeka viSaya meM niSNAta the; thA aura unakA jJAna-ravi apanI prakhara razmiyo se sampUrNa ataH unake viSaya meM yaha kahanA sambhava nahI hai ki unakA sAhitya-jagat ko pAlokita kara rahA thaa| adhikRta viSaya kauna-sA hai? jainAcAryoM ne jisa prakAra kAvya, alaMkAra, koza, chanda, nyAya, darzana va dharmazAstroM kA prAyurveda-sAhitya ke prati jainAcAryoM dvArA kI gayI nirmANa kiyA thA, usI prakAra jyotiSa aura vaidyaka viSaya sevA bhI utanI hI mahattvapUrNa hai, jitanI anya sAhitya ke bhI unakI lekhanI se pachate nahI rhe| aneka upalabdha prati; kintu dukha isa bAta kA hai ki jainAcAryoM ne jitanA pramANo se paba yaha spaSTa ho cakA hai ki jainAcAryoM ne vaidyaka sAhitya nirmita kiyA hai vaha abhI taka prakAzita nahIM pracura mAtrA me svatantra rUpa se vaidyaka grantho kA nirmANa kara kiyA jA sakA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vartamAna meM unake mAyurveda sAhitya ko vRddhi me apanA prabhUtapUrva yoga diyA dvArA likhita aneka vaidyaka grantha yA to lupta ho gaye haiM hai| isa mambandha me eka lambI sUcI prApta huI hai, jisase athavA khaNDina rUpa meM hone se apUrNa hai| kAla-kavalita jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita vaidyaka sambandhI kRtiyo kA saMketa hue aneka vaidyaka prantho kA ullekha vibhinna prAcAryoM kI milatA hai / iname se kucha kRtiyA~ mUlarUpa se saMskRta bhASA vartamAna meM upalabdha panyAnya kRtiyoM meM milatA hai| vibhinna me lipibaddha haiM aura kucha hindI me padya rUpa me / jaina bhaNDAroM yA mandiro me khojane para aneka vaidyaka pranyoM ke prApta hone kI sambhAvanA hai| prata: vidvAnoM dvArA isa jina jainAcAryoM ne dharma-darzana-nyAya-kAvya-pralaMkAra dizA me prayatna kiyA jAnA apekSita hai| sambhava hai ki ina mAdi viSayo ko adhikRta kara vibhinna granthoM kA praNayana vaidyaka granthoM ke prakAza meM prAne se mAyurveda ke una mahattvakiyA hai, unhI prAcAryoM ne vaidyaka zAstra kA nirmANa kara pUrNa tathyoM aura siddhAnto kA prakAzana ho sake jo prAyurveda apanI malaukika pratibhA kA paricaya diyA hai| pUjyapAda ke pracura sAhitya ke kAla kavalita ho jAne se vilupta ho svAmI, svAmI samantabhadra, prAcArya jinasena, guru vIrasena, gaye hai| jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita vaMdyaka prantho ke prakAzana guNasAgara zrI guNabhadra, maharSi somadeva, siddhavarNI ratnAkara se prAyurveda ke vilupta sAhitya aura itihAsa para bhI prakAza tathA mahApaNDita pAzApara mAdi jainAcAryoM kI vibhinna par3ane kI pUrI sambhAvanA hai| kRtiyoM para jaba hama dRSTipAta karate hai taba yaha dekhakara bar3A vartamAna meM kevala eka hI aisA vaiyaka grantha upalabdha hai
Page #68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 60 varSa 32, ki03-4 bhanekAnta kho jainAca yaM dvArA likhita hai aura prakAzita kiyA pralakAra prAdi ke granthoM ke prakAzana kI to vyavasthA kI gayA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya-praNIta ukta vaidyaka grantha kA hai, usame ruci bhI dikhAyI hai aura usake lie paryApta nAma 'kalyANakAraka' hai, jisakA hindI anuvAda pora gazi bhI vyaya kI hai, kintu prAyurveda aura jyotiSa ke granthoM sampAdana pa0 vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI (solApura) ne ke prati usane koI dhyAna nahI diyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki kiyA hai| isa grantha kA prakAzana san 1940 me kiyA gayA isa sAhitya kI pracuratA hote hue bhI yaha abhI andhkaaraathaa| seTha govindajI rAvajI dozI (molApura) ne ise vRtta hai / aba to sthiti yahA~ taka ho gayI hai ki janAcAryoM prakAzita karavAyA thaa| 10 rAvajI sakhArAma dozI ko dvArA praNIta jina grantho kI racanA kA patA calatA hai una utkaTa prabhilASA thI ki jainAcAryoM dvArA praNIta vaMdyaka granthoM kA astitva hI hamAre sAmane nahI hai| aneka sthAnoM zAstra ke prakAzana ke sambandha meM kucha kArya honA caahiye| para svAmI mamantabhadra ke vaidyaka grantha kA ullekha milatA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki 'kalyANakAraka' grantha ke prakAzana ke kintu vaha grantha abhI taka praprApya hai| 'zrIpUjyapAdodita' lie unhone athaka parizrama kiyaa| jaba unhe yaha mAlUma prAdi kathano ko uddhRta karate hue aneka janetara vidvAna hamA ki zrI ugrAdityAcArya-praNIta eka samagra jaina vaidyaka vaidyaka meM apanA yogakSema calAte hue dekhe gaye hai| kinta granya maisUra gavarnameTa lAyabrarI meM maujUda hai, to binA kisI atyadhika prayatna kiye jAne para bhI pUjyapAda viracita grantha pramAda aura vilamba ke tatkAla unhone ukta prantha kI prati prApta nahIM ho skaa| isI prakAra aura bhI aneka granthoM kA lipi karAne kI vyavasthA kI / pratilipi ke pUrNa ho jAne prakaraNAntara se ullekha to milatA hai, kintu DhUr3hane para para unhone pa0 vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI se usake saMpAdana unakI upalabdhi nahI hotI hai| eva manUvAda kA prAgraha kiyaa| pahale to paNDita jI ko vartamAna meM upalabdha evaM prakAzita vaidyaka grantha 'kalyANasakoca hA ki pranabhyasta viSaya meM kase hAtha DAlA jAe kAraka, ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki janetara pAyabaMda ke (kyoki zAstrIjI dharma-nyAya-darzana ke to prakANDa vidvAna pranyo kI apekSA jaina baMdhaka gantho meM kucha bhinnatA paura hai, kintu mAyurveda viSaya meM unakI apekSita gati nahI hai); vizeSatA pravazya hai / eka maulika vizeSatA to yaha hai ki kintu bAda meM zrI dozI ke vizeSa prAgraha ke kAraNa mora jaina manISiyo, vidvAno aura vicArakoM ne jisa prakAra jaina vaidyoM kA isa mora upekSA-bhAva dekhakara unhone yaha apane samagra vAGmaya praura pAcaraNa meM 'ahiMsA paramodharmaH' gurutara bhAra apane kandhoM para lenA svIkAra kara liyaa| siddhAnta kA paripAlana kiyA hai, usI prakAra vaidyaka granthoM vaidyaka viSaya me yadyapi unakI gati nahI thI, tathApi me bhI isa siddhAnta kA nirvAha karate hue use prakSaNNa banAye 'kalyANakAraka' grantha ke anuvAda aura sapAdana ko rakhA hai| yahI cAraNa hai ki jaina vaidyaka prantha 'kalyANapreraNA ne unheM isa kArya hetu utsAhita kiyA. kAraka, me kahI bhI madya, mAsa aura madhu kA prayoga kisI jisase unhoMne 'caraka sahitA' mAdi prAyurveda ka grantho kA bhI prauSadhi me anupAna ke rUpa me athavA prauSadhi ke rUpa me madhyayana kiyA aura vaidyaka sambandhI jJAna prApta kiyaa| nirdiSTa nahI kiyA gayA hai| kevala usI prauSadhi aura isase unakA kArya sarala ho gayA aura unake lie 'kalyANa- prAhAra-vihAra kA nirdeza hai jo hiMsA se rahita sAtvika kAraka' kI durUhatA bhI samApta ho gyii| usake bAda unhoMne guNo se yukta hai; kyoki eka prANI kI hiMsA se dUsare prANI bar3e utsAhapUrvaka lagana ke sAtha isa kArya ko sampanna kiyaa| kI rakSA jainadharma ko abhISTa nahIM hai| usake anusAra to isameM koI sandeha nahI hai ki jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita prANi-mAtra ko rakSA usakA parama uddezya hai| mAyurveda ke grantho kI sakhyA pracura hai, kintu una grantho kI kalyANakAraka' meM zarIra ke svAsthya kI rakSA aura bhI vahI sthiti hai jo jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita jyotiSa vikAro se zarIra kI mukti hetu bhauSadhi-sevana tathA anya ke grantho kI hai / jaina samAja ne tathA anyAnya jaina sasthAmro upAyo kA paryApta vivacana prastuta kiyA gayA hai, kintu me jainAcAryoM dvArA praNIta dharma-dazana-sAhitya-kAvya. isakA mUla uddezya yaha hai ki svastha zarIra bhotika rUpa se
Page #69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ nAcArya mora mApUrvara hRSTa-puSTa ho kara kevala indriya janya viSaya-bhogoM meM hI meM se eka bheda pUrva (pUrvagata) haiN| isa 'pUrva' veda ke bhI anurakta na rahe, apitu vaha pAtmakalyANa hetu prayatna kre| punaH caudaha bheda hai| ina caudaha bhevo me (pUrva) 'prANAvAya' jainAcAryoM ko daSTi meM zArIrika svAsthya prArama-svAsthya nAma kA eka bheda hai| isI prANAyAya nAmaka praga meM ke lie hai, indriyajanya viSaya-bhogoM ke lie nhiiN| isa aSTAMga mAyurveda kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| jainAcAryoM ke tathya kA pratipAvana jainAcAryoM ne sthAna-sthAna para kiyA anusAra mAyurveda yA vaidyaka zAstra kA yahI mUla hai| isI ke hai| 'kalyANakAraka meM sarvatra hI prauSadhi ke lie kevala anusAra athavA isI ke mAdhAra para jainAcAryoM ne vaidyaka banaspati, khanija, kSAra, rasa, ratna, maktA, pravAla Adi zAstra kA nirmANa athavA prAyurveda ke viSaya kA pratipAdana dravyoM kA prayoga vaNita hai| isa prakAra himAjanaka dravyo kiyA hai| jainAgama ke antargata pratipAdita prANavAyapUrva kA ke sevana kA niSedha karate hue ahiMsA ke upAdAna bhUna drvyoN| nimna lakSaNa batalAyA gayA hai- 'kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgake sevana se hI zArIrika svAsthya-rakSA kA upadeza diyA -rakSA kA upadeza diyA AyurvedaH bhUtakarmajAguliprakramaH prANapAnavibhAgo'pi yatra gayA hai| isI prakAra, zArIrika svAsthya ke lie mAcaraNa vistareNa vaNitastatprANAvAyam" arthAta jisa zAstra me kI zuddhatA para bhI jaina manISiyoM ne vizeSa jora diyA hai| kAya, tadgata doSa tathA cikitsA prAdi aSTAga prAyurveda kA bhAcaraNa kI zuddhatA zArIrika aura mAnasika svAsthya ke varNana vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA ho, pRthvI prAdi mahAbhatoM lie to upayogI hai hI, usase prAtmakalyANa kA mArga bhI kI kriyA, viSale jAnavara aura unakI cikitsAmAdi tathA prazasta hotA hai| isa prakAra, kevala ihalaukika sukha kI prANApAna kA vibhAga jisame kiyA gayA ho use prANAvAyaprApti hetu hI zarIra ko svastha, niroga va hRSTa-puSTa banAnA pUrva zAstra kahate hai| jainAcAryoM ko abhISTa nahI thA, apitu isalie thA ki dvAdazAMga ke antargata nirUpita prANAvAyapUrva nAmaka svastha zarIra ke mAdhyama se vaha prAtmAnacintana aura aga mUlataH madhamAgadhI bhASAme lipibaddha hai| isa prANAvAyamAtmaparizIlana karatA humA prAtmasAdhana kara sake tathA pUrva kamA ma na vA pUrva ke prAdhAra para hI anyAnya jainAcAryoM ne baMdhaka anyoM sasAra ke samasta bandhanoM ko kATa kara apavarga ko prApta kA praNayana kiyA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne bhI prANAvAyakara jIvana ko sArthakatA ko pratipAdita kara ske| pUrva ke prAdhAra para 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka vaidyaka pragya kI jaina vAGmaya me anya zAstroM yA viSayoM kI bhAMti racanA kI hai| isa tathya kA ullekha prAcAryazrI ne sthAnamAyurvedazAstra yA vaidyaka viSaya kI prAmANikatA bhI prati- sthAna para kiyA hai| isake atirikta grantha ke anta meM pAdita hai| jainAgama me vaidyaka viSaya ko bhI prAgama ke unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se likhA haiaga ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jainAgama meM kevala sarvArdhAdhikamAgaghIyavilasadabhASAparizeSojjvala prANAvAya mahAgamAdavitatha saMgama saMkSepataH / uso viSaya, prAgama yA zAstra kI prAmANikatA hai jo sarvajJa pratipAdita hai| sarvajJa kathana ke atirikta ugrAdityagururgurugNarudbhAsisaukhyAspadaM anya kisI viSaya yA svarucivirAcasva ko koI zAstra saskRtabhASayAracitavAnityeSa bhedastayoH / / -kalyANakAraka, adhyAya 25, zloka 54 mahattva yA sthAna nahI hai| sarvajJa parameSThI ke makha marthAta sarva prartha ko pratipAdita karane vAlI sarvArdhase jo divyadhvani nikalatI hai, use zrutajJAna ke dhAraka mAgadhI bhASA me jo atyanta sundara prANAvAya nAmaka mahAgama gaNaghara parameSThI grahaNa karate haiN| gaNadhara-gRhIta vaha divya. (mahAzAstra) aMga hai usase yathAvat sakSepa rUpa se sagraha kara dhvani (jo jJAnarUpa hotI hai| unake dvArA bAraha bhedoM me ugrAditya guru ne uttama guNo se yukta sukha ke sthAna bhUta isa vibhakta kI gayI, jise prAcArAMga prAdi ke rUpa meM unhoMne zAstra kI saskRta bhASA me racanA kii| ina dono (prANAnirUpita kiyaa| gaNadhara dvArA nirUpita bAraha bhedo ko vAya praga aura kalyANakAraka) me yahI antara hai| 'dvAdazAMga' kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| ina dvAdazAMgoM meM prathama isa prakAra nAgama me mAyurveda yA vaidyaka zAstra kI prAcAzaMga hai aura bArahavA~ dRSTivAda nAma kA aMga hai| prAmANikatA pratipAdita hai| prAyurveda, jise jainAgama meM usa bArahaveM dRSTivAdAMga ke pAMca bheda hai| una pAMca bhedo (zeSa pR. 64 para)
Page #70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ buddha aura mahAvIra * devasahAya triveda abhI taka loga mAnate rahe hai ki nAtaputra-jJAtRputra mahAvIra kA sudhAra sampradAya paMcayAma dharma ke nAma se bhagavAn buddha ke samakAlika the kyoMki sAmAnyataH sabhI syAta hai| cAturyAma dharma haiM-ahiMsA, satya, asteya, mAna lete haiM ki jJAtRputra hI mahAvIra varddhamAna hai tathA aparigraha jiname mahAvIra ne brahmacarya jor3akara paMcayAma nigaMTha, nigraMtha (binA baMdhana ke) bauddha saMgha kI sthApanA dharma kI saMjJA dii| ke pUrva bhI eka mahAna sampradAya ke rUpa meM vidyamAna the| gotra-bauddhoM ke anusAra nAtaputra kA gotra thA agnipAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne to prArambha meM bhagavAn buddha va mahA- vesAna-pagnivezyAyana, kintu jaino ke anusAra mahAvIra vIra ko eka hI samajha liyA thaa| kintu aba yaha zakA kA gotra yA kAzyapa / prataH tIrthakara ke gotra ke viSaya meM prabala hotI jA rahI hai ki kyA ye donoM mahApuruSa baddha hame jaina paramparA ko hI zreya mAnanA cAhie / bauddha prayoM va mahAvIra samakAlika the ? me prAya: nigraMTha nAthaputra kI carcA hai tathA kabhI-kabhI nAtanigaMTha-samagAmasutta ke anusAra jaba bhagavAna baddha putra kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| kintu jaina paramparA ke zAkya pradeza ke sAmagAma me DerA DAle the, nigaTha nAthapUtra anusAra mahAvIra kA janma jJAtRkula me humA paa| ilAhAkI mRtyu kA samAcAra eka ziSya ne mAnanda ko sunaayaa| bAda vizvavidyAlaya ke sAkTara bAbUrAma saksenA apane patra pracalita mAmya paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAna buddha va mahA- 5 sitambara 1940 meM kahate haiM-jJAta yA jJAti kA rUpa vIra kI nirvANa tithi haiM--527 kha0 pU0 tathA 543 naya, nAi, jAya yA jAi ho sakatA hai kintu nAtha kA rUpa khu0 pU0 (siNhl)| prataH svayaM buddha gautama bhagavAna hI nAya yA nAi nahIM ho sakatA / nAtha kA prAkRta rUpa hogA tIrthakara mahAvIra nirvANa ke 16 varSa pUrva hI (543- nAha yA nnaah| mahAprANa prakSara merI samajha me abataka 527) cala base the| majjhimanikAya kA upAlisUtta itane vikRta nahI hue haiN| nAya kA 'yA' kisI vya jana ke kahatA hai ki nigaMTha nAthaputra bhagavAna baddha kI prazasA na lopa kA dyotaka hai| saha sake prataH unake mukha se lAla rakta Tapakane lgaa| ceTaka-bauddha granthoM me vaizAlI ke rAjA siMha kA ata: yaha mAnanA hogA ki nigaMTha nAthaputra kA nidhana buddha ullekha hai kintu jaina granthoM me vaizAlI kA rAjA hai cettk| nirvANa ke bahuta pahale hI ho gayA thaa| vaizAlI janoM kA gar3ha thaa| bauda ise ghRNA kI dRSTi se cAturyAma - yaha zaMkAspada hai ki buddha-mahAvIra prAyaH dekhate the, kyoki yaha pranAstikoM va vidrohiyoM kA aDDA samakAlika the jaisA ki loga abhI taka mAnate pA rahe hai| thaa| bauddho ke anusAra vaizAlI kA zAsana rAjA, uparAja kintu itanA nizcita hai ki nigaTha nAthaputra kA nidhana va senApati kI sahAyatA se sadha ke dvArA karatA thA kintu bura nirvANa se pUrva humA / syAt yaha nigaMTha nAthaputra mahA. janoM ke nirayAvalI-sutta ke anusAra, kAzI va kosala meM vIra kA koI pUrvavartI jaina mahaMta thaa| dIghanikAya meM 18 gaNarAjya the / inake sivAya licchavI, mallakI tathA nigaTha nAthaputra ke cAturyAma savara savRttoM kA ullekha hai| vaizAlI ke rAjA the ceTaka / pAlI cAturyAma kA prAkRtarUpa hai catujjAma jo tIrthakara do mahAna samAja sudhAraka eka hI kAla tathA kSetra meM mahAvIra ke sabhI pUrvavartI siddhAntoM para lAga hotA hai| apane siddhAnta kA pracAra kareM tathA veda-brAhmaNa dharma ko 1. (ka) bhArata kA nayA itihAsa, puNe 1978, pR0 1. / (kha) bhAratIya vidyA, bambaI, bhAga 8, pR0 234 /
Page #71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ baramaura mahAvIra ukhAr3a phekane kI ceSTA kareM, kintu donoM mApasa meM kabhI karaNa magadharAja bimbisAra se tathA usake putra kuNikamilakara ise samUla naSTa karane kA yatna na kareM, yaha eka koNika pajAta-zatru se kiyA hai jisase buddha aura mahAvIra vicAraNIya prazna hai| mere khyAla se yadi ve samakAlika samakAlika siddha kiye jA sakeM / kintu isa samIkaraNa meM hote to pravazya milte| unakA kadApi sammelana na honA aneka doSa haiN| bimbisAra zizunAgavazI kSatrIjA kA pAzcaryajanaka hai| uttarAdhikArI va putra thaa| kintu zreNika kA pitA hai kumArila bhaTTa-tIrthakara mahAvIra hI nahI, pAzrvanAtha upazreNika jisane zreNika ko ghara se bAhara nikAla diyA (nirvANa 846 kha0 pU0) ke pahale bhI jaina dharma praca- thA aura cilAti ko rAjya diyaa| cilAti bhayogya thaa| lita thaa| RSabhadeva (7673 kha. pU.) jainI ke prAdi vaha rAjya na saMbhAla makA / prataH maMtriyo ne use rAjapada tIrthakara hai| bauddha granthoM me jaina siddhAntoM kA khaNDana hai se haTAkara zreNika ko rAjA bnaayaa| koNika kI mAtA kintu jaina granthoM me bauddha siddhAntoM kA patA bhI nahIM thI cellanA jo vaizAlI gaNa ke rAjA ceTaka kI kanyA thii| cltaa| khuSTapUrva SaSTha zatI me bauddha dharma kI jar3a jarjara prajAtazatru kI mAtA thI kosaladevI jo kosalarAja prasenaho gayI thii| kumArila bhaTTa ne sanAtana vaidika dharma zloka jita kI bahana thii| kaNika kI paTTamahiSI thI paprAvatIko dRDha tarkasagata karane ke lie mahAvIra kA ziSyatva ghAriNI-subhadrA kintu ajAtazatru kI mahiSI thI vajirA kiyaa| gurudroha ke zApa se makta hone ke lie kumArila jo kosalarAja prasenajita kI putrI thii| ajAtazatra kI bhaTTa ne tIrtharAja prayAga meM tuSAnala me apanA zarIra bhasma rAjadhAnI thI pATaliputra kinnu kuNika kI rAjadhAnI thI kara denA ucita samajhA, kintu zakarAcArya' (508-476 campA, na ki pATaliputra / kha0 pU0) ne unheM bacA liyaa| unhoMne bhArata se bauddho pitaghAtaka-kuNika va ajAtazatru dono pitRghAtaka kA pattA kATa diyA tathA mArya vaidika dharma kI panAkA bhale hI hoM, kintu svapnecchA, aMguSThapIDA tathA koraaphhraayii| yAtanA ke vivaraNa meM prAkAza-pAtAla kA antara hai| zreNika - zreNika jaina saMgha kA netA tathA mahAvIra kA pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda kuNika ne campA ko apanI rAjasamakAlika thaa| usakI rAnI cellanA sAdhviyoM kI netrI dhAnI bnaayaa| usane apanA rAjya, senA va koSa apane thii| saMskRta zreNika ke prAkRta va pAlI rUpa kramazaH seNiya 11 bhAIyo ke lie 11 bhAgo me bAMTa diyA / cellanA ke va saniya hai / kucha prAdhunika vidvAnoM ne zreNika kA samI- do putra halla va behalla kuNika ke sage bhAI the| zreNika 2. eja prAva zakara, madrAma, 1916 yajJezvaraH pitA yasya jina vijaya nAmaka graMtha meM nArAyaNa zAstrI dvArA mahAvAdirmahAn ghoraH zrutInA cAbhimAnavAn / likhita lekha me nimna dekhe jA sakate haiM / isake anusAra jinAnAmantakaH sAkSAt gurudva SyAtipApavAn / / jaina yudhiSThira saMvat kA prArambha 468 kali savat meM RSivArastathA pUrNa matsyAkSo vAma melanAt / huprA / inakA janma yudhiSThira savat 2077 tathA parAbhava ekIkRtya labhetAH krodhI syattatra vtsrH|| 2100 hai / ataH kumArila bhaTTa kA janmakAla hai kali bhaTTAcAryakumArasya krmkaannddsyvaadinH| saMvat 2545 (2077+468) khaSTapUrva 556 (3101- jJeyaH prAdurbhavastasmin varSe yaudhiSThire zake // 2545) / inakA parAbhava 32 varSa kI avasthA me humA nandAH pUrNabhUzca netre manujAnA ca vAmataH / tathA zakara inase 16 varSa kI avasthA meM prayAga me kha. metyaje vatsaro dhAtA yudhiSThara zakasya vai|| pU0 462 me mile the| bhaTTAcArya kumArasya karmakANDasya vAdinaH / mAghrotkalAnAM sayoge pavitra jayamagale / / jAta: parAbhavastasmina vijJeyo vatsare zubhe / grAme tasmin mahAnadayAM bhaTTAcArya kumArakaH // 3. iNDiyana kronolAjI, bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, pAnghrajAtistaittirIyo mAtA candraguNA stii| bambaI, 1963 /
Page #72
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 64, varSa 32, ki0 3-4 anekAnta ne secAnaka hAthI bhora 18 rano kA hAra apane peTapochanA nathamala TATiyA kI adhyakSatA meM huii| isameM prAcArya devIsArale behAla ko de diyA thaa| inhe pAkara behAla gaMgA canda zarmA, lUNakaraNa vidyArthI, phUlacanda jaina, nAthUlAla tIra para mauja se iThalAtA thaa| ise dekhakara kuNika kI jaina, vINA jaina, kusuma jaina, vijayakumAra dharmAdhikArI rAjamahiSI padmAvatI kI chAtI para sA~pa loTane lgaa| tathA jagatapAla jI ne bhAga liyaa| samaveta abhimata pA kuNika ne unhe hathiyAnA cAhA aura sauMpa dene kI prAjJA ki isa viSaya para gahana cintana va vicAra kI praavshydii| mataH behalla sahAyatA ke lie apane mAmA ceTaka ke katA hai / vayA anya vidvajjana bhI isa viSaya para samucita pAsa phuNcaa| ceTaka ne kAzI va kozala ke 18 gaNarAjyoM 03 ko, ha mallakI aura 6 licchaviyo kI sahAyatA se kuNika (zeSAMSa pR058 kA) se lohA liyaa| kintu bauddha sAhitya maiM vaMzAlI va magadha tamo gaNI prabatiyoM pratIka mAnakara) unheM vairAgya patha se rAjya me yuddha kA kAraNa hai rasno kI khAna / kuNika ne vicalita karane kA prayAsa karate hue dikhalAyA gayA hai, zyena vyUha kI racanA kI tathA ceTaka ne zakaTavyUha kii| kintu jisa vairAgya para ye tInoM pravRttiyA~ prabhAva nahI DAla isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki prajAtazatru tathA kuNika donoM sakatI, vaha sarvopari abhinandanIya hai| isIlie bhagavAn kI yuddha nIti, sagrAma zaMlo tathA durgapatana kI prakriyA meM mahAvIra ke vairAgya ko jo apratima gaurava prApta hapA hai, mahAn antara hai| vaha unakI kRtasaMkalpa bhAvanA para prAdhArita hai| muni nagarAja ne apane "zreNika bimbisAra tathA sasAra ke kisI bhI bhaya se satrasta na hone ke kAraNa kuNika ajAtazatru" me bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA tithi unakI nirbhayatA usa samaya pragaTa huI hai jisa samaya zUla537 khu0 pU0 ThIka karane ke lie buddha kA nirvANakAla pANi nAmaka yakSa unheM sabasta karane meM asaphala hotA hai| khu0 pU0 502 manamAne DhaMga se mAna liyA hai| prataH buddha nirvANa kI 50 tithiyAM vidvAno ko cakkara meM DAla detI hai| isa khyAti meM vardhamAna mahAvIra kA I0pU0 700 varSa se mAnavatA ke kalyANa ke lie bAraha varSa taka jo amara ataH pratIta hotA hai ki pracalita mAnya samIkaraNa saMdeza vAyumaNDala me gUjA hai vaha sadaiva mAnavatA-vijaya ketu nirAdhara hai / dono sampradAyAcArya eka samaya me the hI nhiiN| isI kAraNa bauddha va jaino ke dharma graMtha kI bhASA bhI eka ko phaharAne ke lie pratyeka yuga ko prerita karatA rhegaa| dUsare se bhinna hai yadyapi dono sampradAya apane prAcArya ke mAnava-jIvana patha ko prazasta karane ke lie bhagavAna mahAvIra vacano ko uddhRta karane kA dambha bharate hai|| kA vicAra tathA kRtitva samasta vizva ke lie ekaanupama prataH mAnanA hogA ki prajAtazatru ne khaSTa pUrva gharohara hai| (vIra-nirvANa-sevA, indaura ke saujanya se) 19vI zatI meM bhale hI vaizAlI gaNarAjya ko har3apa liyA (zeSAza pR0 61 kA) thA kintu vahAM para punaH choTe-choTe gaNarAjya panapane lge| ' 'prANavAya' kI majJA dI gayI hai, dvAdazAga kA hI eka aMga .... tIrthakara mahAvIra ke kAla meM dakSiNa meM bAdhA kA sitArA hai| na vAGamaya meM dvAdazAga kI prAmANikatA sarvopari hai, camaka rahA thaa| magadha meM hI nahIM, samasta uttarApatha meM ataH usake antargata pratipAdita 'prANAvAya' kI prAmANikatA choTe-choTe sAmanta do cAvala ko apanA khicar3A pakAta bhI siddha ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra jisa aSTAMga-paripUrNa the| zreNika va kUNika inhI sAmanta rAjAmI ma sa thA vaidyakazAstra ko itara prAcAyo-mahaSiyoM ne prAyurveda kI saMjJA prataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki buddha kA nirvANa khu0pU0 1763, dI hai use jainAcAryoM ne 'prANAvAya' kI saMjJA dI hai| prajAtazatra ke pAThaveM varSa me humA tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA upayukta vivecanA se yaha spaSTa hai ki jainAcAryoM ne bhI prAdurbhAva buddhanirvANa ke prAya: 1200 varSa bAda (1763- anya prAcAryoM kI bhAMti Ayurveda-sAhitya ke sRjana meM apanA 527+72) humaa| isI kAraNa ve kabhI na mila sake apUrva yogadAna kiyA hai / prAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki tathA bauddha pratho meM mahAvIra kA kahI ullekha nahI hai| manasandhAna dvArA uma sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAkara mAyurveda isa viSaya me eka sagoSThI, jaMna vizvabhAratI, lADana, sAhitya kI vaddhi kI jAe aura mAyurveda kI dRSTi se unakA rAjasthAna me 21 janavarI, 1976 ko nidezaka DAkTara ucita mUlyAMkana kiyA jaae| 4. jaina vizvabhAratI lAya, 1974 /
Page #73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAMkhya-darzana meM sRSTi-nirmANa : tulanAtmaka vivecana 0 suzrI aMjU surAnA, mAgarA bhAratIya darzana meM suSTi-nirmANa kA prazna mahattvapUrNa kartA evaM svAmI samajhane lagatA hai| mahakAra tIna prakAra rahA hai| bhArata ke sabhI vicArakoM ne isa para gaharAI se kA mAnA gayA hai-1. sAvika, 2. rAjasa aura 3. tAmasa vicAra kiyA hai| bhAratIya darzanoM meM sAMsya-darzana bahuta sAtvika prahaMkAra se ekAdaza indriyoM-mana, pAca jJAnendriyoM prAcIna hai| vaha bhI jaina darzana kI taraha IzvaravAdI nahIM hai aura pAca karmendriyoM kI utpatti hotI hai| tAmasa mahaMkAra arthAt Izvara ko saSTi kA kartA evaM nirmAtA nahI mAnatA se pAMca tanmAtrAmoM aura pAMca mahAbhUto kI utpatti hotI hai| sAMkhya-darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki prakRti aura puruSa kA hai| rAjasa ahaMkAra satva evaM tAmasa kA sahayogI hai| saMsarga hotA hai taba sasAra kI utpatti hotI hai| jJAnendriyA~ : nendriya, zravaNendriya, ghrANendriya rasanendriya sAMsya-darzana meM sRSTi-nirmANa ke sambandha meM murUpatA aura tvagendriya-ina pAMcoM indriyoM ke dvArA kramazaH rUpa, prakRti kI hai| kyoki puruSa kartA nahI hai, vaha niSkriya hai| zabda, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza kA jJAna hotA hai| ye ahaMkAra kartA svayaM prakRti hai| isalie pariNamana bhI puruSa meM nahI, ke pariNAma hai aura puruSa ke nimitta utpanna hote hai| isa. prakRti meM hotA hai| kAraNa spaSTa hai ki puruSa niSkriya hai, lie sAkhya-darzana inakA karttA prakRti ko mAnatA hai, puruSa paura prakRti sakriya / prakRti triguNAtmaka hai| tIno guNa- ko nahI / puruSa kA nahI, kevala bhoktA hai| rajo guNa, sato guNa aura tamo guNa jaba taka sAmya avasthA karmendriyA~ : puruSa bhoktA hai| viSaya kI bhogecchA me rahate hai, prakRti zAnta rahatI hai, usame kisI taraha ko kI pUti jJAnendriyoM evaM karmendriyo ke dvArA hotI hai / halacala najara nahI paatii| jaba tInoM guNoM me viSamatA karmendriyA~ bhI pAMca hai-mukha, hAtha, paira, maladvAra evaM hotI hai, taba saSTi kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| prakRti kI jananendriya / inake kArya isa prakAra haiM-vAka, grahaNa, gamana, sakriyatA se hI sRSTi kA nirmANa hotA hai| mala-tyAga aura prajanana / vAstava me, indriyA~ apratyakSa zakti saSTi-nirmANa kA kama : rUpa haiM, jo ina avayavoM meM rahatI hai aura apane-apane viSayoM sarva prathama buddhi kA udbhava hotA hai| yaha prakRti kA ko grahaNa karatI haiN| prathama vikAra hai / bAhya jagata kI dRSTi se buddhi bIja sva. mana : mana prAbhyantara indriya hai| vaha jJAnendriya rUpa hai, jisame se virAT jagat janma letA hai aura antara-daSTi karmendriya aura donoM se sabaddha hai| mana hI indriyoM se vicAra kareM to buddhi arthAt jJAna ke dvArA hI jJAtA ko apane-apane viSayoM kI prora prerita karatA hai| jJeya padArthoM ko jAnatA hai| buddhi do prakAra kI mAnI gaI mana vastutaH sUkSma hai, phira bhI sAvayava hai / ata: vaha yugapat hai-jaba satva guNa ke prAdhikya se addhi ubaddha hotI hai. bhinna-bhinna indriyoM ke sAtha saMyukta ho sakatA hai, kyoMki taba use sAtvika buddhi kahate hai aura jaba usame tamo guNa vaha anta:karaNa hai| mana, buddhi aura ahaMkAra - ye tInoM kI adhikatA hotI hai, taba use tAmasika-buddhi kahate hai| antaHkaraNa hai aura jJAnendriyoM tathA karmendriyA~ bAhya karaNa sAtvika buddhi se vyakti dharma, jJAna, vairAgya evaM sAdhanA ko hai| prANa kI kriyA antaHkaraNa se pravartita hotI hai aura antaHkaraNa bAhya karaNa se prabhAvita hotA hai| kula prayodazapora gati karatA hai bhora tAmasika buddhi kA prabhAva bar3hane karaNa hote hai / para vaha pradharma, prajJAna eva viSaya-vikAro kI bhora daur3atA pAMca-tanmAtrA : zabda, sparza, rUpa, rasa paura gandha hai| vastuta: buddhi kA vyApAra puruSa (pAramA) ke lie hai| ke sakSma tattvo ko tanmAtrA kahate hai| pAMca viSayo kI buddhi ke sahayoga se puruSa sva aura para(prakRti) kA bheda samajha pA~ca tanmAtrAeM hotI haiN| ye itano sUkSma hotI hai ki inheM kara apane yathArtha eva zuddha svarUpa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| pratyakSa nahI dekha skte| anumAnase hI inakA bodha hotA hai| prahaMkAra :prakRti kA dUsarA vikAra mahakAra hai| paJca mahAbhUta : paJca sanmAtrAmoM se paJca mahAyaha buddhi kA pariNAma hai / buddhi kI mahatA aura mamatA bhUtoM kA prAvirbhAva hotA hai| sAmya-darzana ke anusAra, bhAva arthAt maiM aura merApana kA abhimAna hI ahaMkAra hai| zamda-tanmAtrA se mAkAza mahAmata kI utpatti hotI hai| mahaMkAra ke kAraNa puruSa bhrama me par3hakara svayaM ko karma kA sparza aura zabda tammAtrA ke saMyoga se vAyu kI; zabda, rUpa
Page #74
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 66, varSa 32, ki0 3-4 anekAnta mora sparza ke sayoga se agni kI; rasa, zabda, sparza aura dravya aise haiM, jo sakriya hai| pAtmA (puruSa) zuddha hai, usakA rUpa tammAtrAmoM ke yoga se jala kI; aura pAMcoM tanmAtrAmoM pariNamana apane svarUpa meM hotA hai| karma pudgaloM (prakRti) ke saMyoga se pRthvI kI utpatti hotI hai / isalie ina pAMcoM se saMbaddha hone ke kAraNa vaha sasAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| mahAbhUtoM ke guNa bhI kramazaH zabda, sparza, rUpa, rasa aura yaha satya hai ki karma-pudgala eva unase bane yogoM se hI naye gadha hai| karmoM kA pAgamana hotA hai| karma pudgala hI pudgaloM ko vikAsa ke do rUpa : prakRti kA vikAsa evaM phailAva prASita karate hai| parantu yaha bhI utanA hI satya hai ki do rUpoM meM hotA hai-buddhi-sarga mora bhautika marga / prathama pracetana hone ke kAraNa jar3a-pudagala (prakRti) svata: kucha avasthA me buddhi, prahakAra aura mana prAdi ekAdaza indriyoM nahIM kara paate| yogo me spandana tabhI taka hotA hai, kI utpatti hotI hai| usake pazcAt tanmAtrAmo eva mahAbhUtoM jaba taka ve prAtmA se sabaddha hai aura una yogoM se prAgata karmakI utpatti hotI hai, jise bhautika tattva kahate hai| pAMca pudgalo kA bandha jo hotA hai vaha yogoM se nahI, pariNAmoM mahAbhUtoM kI utpatti ke sAtha hI saSTi-nirmANa kA kArya evaM bhAvanA se hotA hai| pariNAma (bhAva) pAsmA ke hai| pUrA ho jAtA hai, isa prakAra prakRti se maSTi sAkAra rUpa bhale hI ve zuddha bhAva (svabhAva) nahIM hai, azuddha-bhAva letI hai aura vaha vilona bhI prakRti meM hotI hai| sAkhya. (vibhAva) hai / parantu hai prAtmA ke ho| isalie isa apekSA darzana ke anusAra masAra kA sArA khela prakRti kA hai, puruSa se jaina-darzana saMsArI prAtmA ko karmA bhI mAnatA hai, kevala usame kucha nahI karatA hai| vaha kevala isa khela kA draSTA evaM bhoktA hai| bhoktA nhii| vaha apane prAbaddha karmoM kA kartA bhI hai, prakRti acetana hai, jar3a hai| parantu vaha cetana puruSa se bhoktA bhI hai aura unakI nirjarA karake unase mukta hone sabaddha hone ke kAraNa kriyA usI me hotI hai| puruSa zuddha vAlA bhI vahI hai| isa taraha sRSTi ke nirmANa meM donoM meM hai, usame kriyA nahI hotI, isalie use bandha bhI nahI yaha mamAnanA bhI hai ki puruSa (prAtmA) eva prakRti (kama. hotaa| karma, sukha-dukha, zubha-azubha saba prakRti ke dharma hai. pudgala) ke sayoga se hI saMsAra gatizIla) hai| imalie prakRti ma hI hote hai| puruSa ko phala kA bhoga isa. jaina-darzana pAsmA puruSa) ko jJAna svarUpa mAnatA hai lie milatA hai ki vaha bhoktA hai; jaise rAjA ke mAmane nataMkI aura sAkhya-darzana use (buddhi ko, jJAna ko) prakRti se natya karatI hai / natya kI kriyA gajA naho karatA, vaha to utpanna mAnatA hai| vaha bhI jaina-darzana kI taraha jJAna ke kevala drapTA banakara devatA hai aura uma natya kA prAnanda zuddha-azuddha dono rUpa mAnatA hai, parantu use puruSa kA lenA hai| isI prakAra prakRti nRtya karane vAlo nartakI hai svabhAva nahIM mAnatA aura vastu sthiti yaha hai ki jJAna ko aura puruSa isa mamAra ke isa natya kA draSTA evaM bhokA prAtmA se pRthaka kiyA nahIM jA sktaa| vaha taba bhI mAtmA prarthAt mAnanda lene vAlA, bhoga karane vAlA hai| acetana meM rahanA hai, jaba ki mukta avasthA meM prakRti (karma eva prakRti sakriya kaise hotI hai ? isake lie mAMsya-darzana meM kamajanya mAdhana) nahIM rhtii|| batAyA hai ki gAya ke sAmane jaba bachar3A grAnA hai| naba mAMkhya-darzana prakRti ko pariNAmI mAnatA hai aura usake stano meM dUdha kI dhArA svataH hI pravahamAna ho jAto puruSa ko prprinnaamo| parantu jaina-darzana prakRti (pudagala) hai| isI prakAra puruSa kA vimba par3ane sahI prakRti meM kI taraha puruSa (prAtmA) ko bhI pariNAmI nitya mAnatA sakriyatA prA jAnI hai aura vaha saSTi- nirmANa ke kArya meM hai| pAtmA kA pariNamana apane svabhAva me evaM apane svarUpa sakriya ho jAtI hai| meM hotA hai| loka me sthita chaho dravya-dharma, adharma, pAkAza, sArUpa-darzana jana-darzana ke kAphI nikaTa hai| jaina-darzana kAla, pudgala eva jIva apane-apane guNoM me pariNamana karate bhI Izvara kA sRSTi kA kartA svIkAra nahIM krtaa| mRSTi hai| pratyeka dravya ananta guNoM evaM paryAyoM se yukta hotA hai| manAdi-ananta hai| usakA nirmAtA koI Izvara nahI hai| prataH dravya kI apekSA se nitya rahate hue usakI paryAyoM meM isa bAta ko jana-darzana bhI svIkAra karatA hai ki prAtmA pariNa mana hotA hai| pariNamana se umakI nityatA me koI svarUpa kI dRSTi se zuddha hai / mAtmA aura pudgala-do hI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii|
Page #75
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA 0 DA0 nijAmuddIna ["bhanekAntavAdI samanvayavAdI hotA hai, vaha paraspara-virodhI matoM, vicAradhArAmoM meM sahiSNutA kI miThAsa ghola kara unakI kaTutAmoM ko naSTa kara unhe sarvagrAhI banAtA hai| jainadharma kA yaha siddhAnta prAja ke saMgharSA kUla yuga ke lie bahuta hI prAvazyaka evaM ugadeya hai| isakI zaraNa meM pAkara sApradAyika aura rAjanItika samI prakAra ke saMgharSadvandva samApta ho jAte haiM / prAdhunika bauddhika evaM tAkika yuga me panAgraha dRSTi banAtA hai| jaina dharma kA yaha siddhAnta prAja ke saMgharSA kula dvArA hI satyAgveSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| prAgrahajanya yuga ke lie bahuta hI bhAvazyaka aura upAdeya hai| isakI mAtyantika dRSTi mithyAvAda kI dhundha me lipaTa kara manuSya zaraNa meM pAkara sApradAyika aura rAjanItika sabhI prakAra ko apane dharma se vicalita kara detI hai| usakI vaha dRSTi ke saMgharSa-dvandva samApta ho jAte hai| vizva kI sabase dUsaroM ko to bhalI prakAra dekha nahI pAtI, svayaM ko bhI bar3I zAnti sthApita karane vAlI sasthA yU0ena0 pro. nahI dekha paatii| eka mantulita eva mamyaka dRSTi jaba apane mizana me pramaphala huI to ima kAraNa hI ki prApta kara hama dUsaroM ko, apane ko, dekhakara jJAna-loka meM sadasya deza sakIrNa vicAra dhArA me bAhara nahI nikala utara sakate hai| jainadharma kI prAsagikatA isa dRSTi se svaya- sake, ve eka-dUsare ke prati sahiSNa nahIM bana sake. siddha hai ki usakA anekAntavAda kA middhAnta sabhI prakAra unake vicAra-tantu mamanvayAtmaka dRSTi me se udbhUta nahIM ke durAgraho kI ghandha ko vicchinna karatA hai aura eka the, ve anekAntavAr3I nahIM the| apane hI deza meM gajanItika sAmaMjasyapUrNa dRSTikoNa ko pallavita karatA hai, samatAmaya uthala-puthala para dRSTi DAlakara dekhiye to yahA~ bhI vicAradhArA ko vikasita karatA hai| Aja samAja me, deza anekAnta-rahita dRSTi hI pramakha kAraNa hai| jainadharma to me, vizva me vicAro kA saMgharSa hai| sabhI apane-apane daSTi- ekatva aura bhanekatva donoM ko satya mAnakara agIkAra koNa ko mUlyavAna samajhakara dUsaroM ke dapTikoNa ko karatA hai / jainadharma meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne mAmAjika aura avahelita tathA khaNDita karate hai / dUsaro kI bAta ko, mana rAjanItika, prArthika aura sAmpradAyika mabhI prakAra kI samasyAoM kA ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna anekAntavAda dvArA ko sahAnubhUti aura mahiSNutA ke sAtha na sunanA pAramparika prastuta kiyA hai, jisakI upayogitA prAja adhika tIvratA sagharSa ko havA denA hai| hamAre deza me mApradAyika dago kI me anubhava kI jA rahI hai| vibhISikA deza ko prAkrAnta kiye hai| sikkho ke jatthoM meM jainadharma kI prAmagikatA para vicAra karate hae kaI bAra khUna-kharAbA ho cukA hai| pichale kucha mahIno meM sAmAjika ekatA ko sAmane rakhanA hogaa| prAja hamArA hindU-musalamAno ke daMgoM meM manuSya-jAti kA anamola rakta samAja na jAne kitanI jAtiyo-upajAtiyoM meM vibhakta hai bahAyA gayA, hiMsA kA krUratama rUpa kabhI sabhala, kabhI aura usa para turrA yaha ki ye jAtiyA~-upajAniyA~ U~ca-noca kI hInatA kI granthi me itanI burI taraha phaipI hai ki jo alIgar3ha, kabhI jamazedapura prAdi meM dekhA gyaa| becAre nIca ghoSita kara dI gayo vaha bama pralaya kAla taka -sRSTi asakhya harijanoM ko dhadhakatI grAma meM jIvita jhokA gyaa| ke anta taka-nIca hI banI rhegii| harijano kA hI ye hRdayavidAraka ghaTanAeM kevala isalie haI ki logoM meM lIjiye; maMvidhAna meM samAnatA ke adhikAra kI ghozaNA vaicArika sahiSNutA nahI, panAgraha daSTi nahI, sarvadharma-sama kI gayo, phira bhI zAmana ko, sarakAra ko harijanoM ko ra bhAvakA udAravAdI dRSTikoNa nahI, jo jainadharma ke anekAnta- saMvidhA ke lie. unake jIvana stara ko UMcA uThAne ke lie bAda me pabhinihita hai| anekAmtavAdI saMgharSavAdI nahI ho vizeSAdhikAro kI ghoSaNA karanI par3I; parantu ina sakatA, anekAntavAdI durAgraha dvArA apane mata ko sarvottama vizeSAdhikArI ko bhoga kara apanA jIvana stara Upara nahIM kaha sakatA / anekAntavAdI samanvayavAdI hotA hai, vaha uThAne vAle kyA samAja meM samAdata hai ? nhiiN| bAbU paraspara virodhI matoM, vicAra-dhArAmo meM sahiSNutA ko jagajIvana rAma hamezA se mantrI pada para rahe haiM, parantu mAma miThAsa gholakara unakI kaTutA ko naSTa kara sarvagrAhI logo ne inhe 'harijana' hI smbhaa| jainadharma meM isa prakAra
Page #76
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 68, varSa 32, ki. 3-4 banekAnta ke jAtIya bhedabhAva kA kalaMka nhiiN| DA. rAdhAkRSNan ne para jitanA adhika jora diyA gayA, zAyada vaisA jora vizva ThIka kahA hai-'jana-darzana sarvasAdhAraNa ko purohita ke ke kisI dharma meM nahIM diyA gyaa| jaina samAja meM bAlaka samAna dhArmika adhikAra pradAna karatA hai| kyA koI ko bacapana me ho ahiMsA kA pATha mAM ko goda meM par3hAyA harijana veda-upaniSad kA mahAn paNDita hokara isa prakAra jAtA hai| ahiMsA bhora sevA-bhAva kA prasAra jaina samAja ne dhArmika adhikAra grahaNa kara sakatA hai hindU samAja me? itanA adhika kiyA hai ki samAja ke kisI varga ne itanA jainadharma to lokadharma hai, samAjadharma hai, usame vyakti ke nahIM kiyaa| aneka poSaghAlaya, samAja-sevI saMsthAe~, vikAsa kI pUrNa svatantratA hai| badalate hue sandarbho me kAleja jaina samAja dvArA sAre deza meM calAye jA rahe haiN| jaina dharma kA mUlya uttarottara bar3hatA jAtA hai| samAja me rASTrIya udyoga ko vikasita paura saMbaMdhita karane meM jaina ekatA paura samAnatA sthApita karane ke lie jainadharma kI udyogapatiyoM kA yogadAna svarNAkSaroM meM likhane yogya hai| mora dekhanA hogaa| hama yoM nahI kahege ki jainadharma, jo janadharma me tuccha-se-tuccha pora hisaka-se-hiMsaka prANI ko bhagavAna RSabhadeva se bhagavAna mahAvIra taka zramaNa-dharma kI mArane kA pUrNa niSedha hai; lekina Aja ko hiMsA pazu-pakSI zikSAmoM ko tAtkAlika prAvazyakatAmo ke anukUla pracA- ko mArane, kisI jIvadhArI ko satAne taka sImita nahI; rita karatA rahA, badala gayA hai| hama to yaha mAnate hai usane bhI apane kSetra kA vistAra kAlA dhana, utkoca, ki vaha badalA nahIM, balki usakA kSetra aura adhika vistRta corI-DakaitI, jamAkhorI, khAne-pIne kI vastuproM meM milAvaTa, ho gayA hai| vaha 'jIva-mUlyoM ke sAtha 'jIvana-mUlyoM kI taskarI yA smagaliMga mAdi rUpo meM kiyA hai| ye saba bAteM bhI kahane lagA hai| usakI prAcAra gata ahimA sAmAjika doSa hai aura samAja virodhI tattva inhI ke dvArA vicAragata ahiMsA kI bhUmi meM pahuMca gayI hai| vyaktigata rAto-rAta lakhapati bana jAte haiN| jainadharma meM prasteya kA upalabdhi sArvajanika banatI jA rahI hai| mahAvIra ne ghara. siddhAnta jahA~ corI DakaitI kA niSedha karatA hai, aise pApa. bAra chor3akara jo vyaktigata kaivalyopalabdhi prApta kI vaha maya kukarma se bacane kA prAdeza detA hai, vahI aparigraha kA sArvajanika hI to hai| kyA unake samavasaraNa ke dvAra sabhI middhAnta jamAkhorI, khAne-pIne kI vastupro me milAvaTa, ke lie khule nahI the ? kasAI, cora-jAra, jJAnI-mUrkha, taskarI prAdi se bAja rakhatA hai| mahAvIra ne aparigraha bAla-baddha, strI-puruSa mabhI binA kisI bhedabhAva ke vahIM kA middhAnta sAmane rakhakara vartamAna yUga kI samasyAmro kA sammilita hote the| jainadharma kI yaha samanvayavAdI yA mahisAtmaka samAdhAna prastuta kiyaa| bure karmoM se samAja samAnatAvAdI vicAradhArA hamAre samAja meM ekatA sthApita burAI me phaMsegA hI, durgandha se vAtAvaraNa durgandhita hogA kara sakatI hai ; usase hama apane rASTra kI ekatA ko adhika hii| acche karmoM ke phaloM kI sugandha hI dUra-dUra taka phailatI majabUta banA sakate hai / mahAvIra ne vargahIna samAja ko hai| nArAyaNopaniSada' me kahA gayA haisthApanA kI thI, prAja hama bhI samAjavAda ke dvArA usa yathA vRkSasya sapuSpitasya dUrAdgaMdho vAti / mAdazaM ko chane kA prayAma kara rahe hai| prAja jAtIya bandhano eva puNyasya karmaNo dUrAd gaMgho vAti / / ko toDakara jo eka nayA samAja banatA najara AtA hai, arthAt phUle hue vRkSa ko sugandha dUra-dUra taka phaila usane jainadharma ko prAtmasAt kriyA hai, aisA mAlUma hotA jAtI hai, vaise hI pavitra karmoM kI sugandha dUra-dUra taka hai| prAcArya tulamI paura elAcArya muni vidyAnandajI mAdi pahucatI hai| jainadharma kA aparigraha kA siddhAnta bhI eka ke upadezo ko usane mAtmasAt kiyA hai| puSpita vRkSa hai, usake guNoM kI sUgandha phailanI hI cAhiye / kAlAnusAra purAnI mAnyatAmoM ke rUpa badalate haiM, jahAM kahI parigraha hai, laTa-khasoTa hai, usakI durgandha ko navIna aura vyApaka hote haiM / ahiMsA pravazya parama dharma hai| aparigraha kI sugandha naSTa kara sakatI hai| samAcAra-patroM meM kisI ko mAranA, satAnA, pITanA hisA hai| lekina bhAja paDhane ko milatA hai ki amuka gAva yA nagara meM DAkumoM ne hiMsA yuga-sandamo me kucha navIna rUpa dhAraNa kara sAmane ghara meM ghusa kara hatyAeM kI paura hajAroM kA mAla lekara mAtI-jAtI hai| yaha mAnanA hogA ki jainadharma me ahiMsA pharAra ho gaye, yA pramaka rAha calatI strI ke gale kI svarNa pratiko
Page #77
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaMga kI prAsaMgikatA rahaNa cena khIMca kara koI bhAga gayA, yA pramaka yuvatI ko daheja bhami ko cha sakatA hai| hamAre netAmoM-rAjanetAmoM kI kama lAne para galA ghoMTa kara yA miTTI kA tela chir3aka bAtoM meM koI tAlamela nahIM hotA; jo ve kahate hai, vaha kara hatyA kara dI gayI / ina saba ke pIche parigraha ko karake nahIM dikhAte-zAyada ve kAnUna apane lie nahIM, dUsaroM burAI hai| vaha parigraha jise jainadharma meM bajita ghoSita ke lie pAsa karate hai / samAja kI prArthika viSamatA kA kiyA hai| manuSya ghanAjaMna kare, parantu ucita sAdhanoM se samAdhAna jainadharma ke aparigrahavAda me khojanA hogaa| prAja pora ucita mAtrA meM usase dUsaroM kI sevA kreN| aparigraha usakI upAdeyatA mahAvIra ke yuga se kAphI adhika hai| ko hameM mahAvIra ke ima pAdarza ko sAmane rakhakara grahaNa hamArA deza jaisA vahudharmI hai, vaisA bahubhASI bhI hai| karanA cAhiye ki jisase dUsaro kI sevA kI jA sake, yahAM saMkIrNa vicAradhArA ke kAraNa loga bhASA ko bhI deza kA navanirmANa kiyA jA sake, prapane se adhika dUsaro dharma kA cazmA caDhA kara dekhate hai / musalamAno kI bhASA ko sukha pahucAyA jA ske| mahAvIra nahI cAhate the ki koI uI batAyo jAtI hai, sarakAra bhI isa bhAvanA kA zoSaNa garIba ho, garIbI ke abhizApa me pha~sA ho / jainadharma kI karatI hai / kahI urdU akAdamI banAkara, kahI gAliba dRSTi samAjavAdI hai, lekina dUsare prakAra kii| maparigraha prakAdamI kholakara, kahIM urda-pradhyApakoM kI bhartI kA nArA ko hama samAjavAda ke nikaTa rakha sakate hai, lekina lagAkara sarakAra musalamAno kI bhAvanA se ucita-anucita aparigraha ko samAjavAda nahIM kaha sakate / samAjavAdI lAbha uThA rahI hai| hindI ko ahindI-bhASiyoM para prAdazaM yaha hai ki koI mujhase bar3A na ho, saba mere barAbara thopane kA be-sira-paira kA nArA lagAkara dakSiNa pradeza ke hoN| aparigrahavAdI prAdarza yaha hai ki koI mujhase choTA logoM ko bhaDakAyA jAtA hai| kazmIra bhI eka mahindI na ho, bar3A cAhe hoN| vaha jo kucha apane pAsa rakhatA hai use bhASI prAnta hai| yahA~ kI bahusaMkhyaka prAbAdI musalamAnoM ko dUsaro meM bhI bAMTanA cahatA hai| kevala marIbI mio yA hai, unakI mAtRbhASA kazmIrI hai, jisame saMskRta ke 70 vastumo ke mUlya kama karo ke nAre lagAne se samasyA kA pratizata zabda vyavahRta haiN| yahA~ ke mukhya maMtrI zekha mohammada nidAna nahI ho sakatA / garIbI yadi miTAnI hai, vastupro abdullA ne AThavI kakSA taka sarakArI skUloM meM hindI ke mUlyo ko bar3hane se rokanA hai, jamAkhorI yA taskarI anivArya ghoSita kI mora 'mokApha TrasTa' kI mora se jo ko naSTa karanA hai to jainadharma me nirdiSTa aparigrahavAda ko vidyAlaya calAye jAte haiM uname bhI zekha sAhaba ne hindI ko svIkAra karanA hogA / prAja isI siddhAnta kI samAja anivArya viSaya ghoSita kiyaa| 'prokApha TrasTa' ke adhyakSa ko madhika pAvazkatA hai / isI ke dvArA prAyika viSamatA zekha sAhaba haiM / yahA bhASA kI samasyA ko zekha sAhaba ne janya aneka samasyAmoM ko saralatA se hala kiyA jA sakatA dharma se nahI juDane diyaa| dUsare prAnto me avazya prAntIyatA hai| jaba taka parigrahajanya chInA-jhapaTI rahegI, vastupro kA yA dharma kI sakINatA ko lekara bhASA kA homA khar3A kiyA sacaya kiyA jAtA rahegA, vastuoM ke mUlya bar3hate rahege- jAtA rahA hai| jaba janadharma para dRSTi DAlate hai, taba garIba aura garIba, amIra aura amIra hote raheMge pora dekhate haiM ki usakA bhASA ke prati koI durAgraha nahI rahA samAja yA deza sukha-zAnti se vaJcita rhegaa| loga daridratA koI sakIrNa vicAra nahIM rahA / saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza, ke cakra meM phaMse masahAya dama tor3ate rahege / deza durvyasano hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI prAdi aneka bhASAmoM meM usakA me jakar3A rhegaa| kAnUna pAsa karane se hRdaya nahI bdltaa| mAhitya hai| yahA~ jainadharna ko prAsaMgikatA spaSTa hai| matahRdaya badalatA hai, jJAna se, ahiMsA se, abhyAsa se| yahA~ bhedo ko sAmaMjasyapUrNa udAratA aura zAlInatA se dUra kathanI aura kama meM samAnatA honI pAvazyaka hai / loga hRdaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhASA ko apane yuga kI vicArase aparigrahI hoM, tabhI ve bhautikatA se Upara uTha kara ghArA ko vyakta karane kA mAdhyama mAnakara hI svIkAra mAdhyAtmika loka me pahuMca sakate haiM / isa prakAra parigraha karanA cAhie / jainadharma meM usI bhASA ko svIkAra kiyA bhautikatA bhora mAdhyAtmikatA ke bIca sudar3ha setu kA jAtA rahA jo usa yuga meM pracalita thii| bhASA-bheda ko kAma karatA hai| vaha bacanAnusAra karma kara ke adhyAtma. miTAne ke lie jainadharma kI nIti apanAnI hogii| 00
Page #78
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - jinAgama meM pratipAdita upacarita kathana kA rahasya 0 zrI mahAcandra jaina, imphAla (AsAma) mokSamArga kI samajha ke lie vacana ke arthabhUta upa- saMzaya, viparyaya, aura anadhyavasAya rUpa samajha ho jAne carita padArtha ke kathana ko jisa prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai, ke kAraNa aise pratipAdana karane vAle vacanoM ko mithyA usI prakAra se mAnanA bhI cAhie yA isa prakAra se kiye vacana kahate hai tathA prathaMbhUta padArtha jaisA hai, vaisA hI yathArtha hue kathana ke samajhane me kucha vizeSatA hai, isake rahasya samajha ho jAne ke kAraNa aise pratipAdana karane vAle ko samajhane ke lie sarvaprathama kathana ke prarthAt vacana ke / bhedoM-prabhedoM dvArA svarUpa ko samajhanA pAvazyaka hai| ____ satya vacana dvArA arthabhUta padArtha jaisA hai, vaisA pratimokSamArga tathA saMsAra mArga eka dUsare ke viruddha alaga pAdana abhidheya rUpa me mabhidhA-vRtti nAmaka zakti dvArA lakSya rUpa meM lakSNAvati nAmaka zakti dvArA tathA vyaMga rUpa alaga mArga hai, isalie saMsAra mArga kI apekSA evaM mokSa mArga kI apekSA se kathana kI samajha bhI bhinna prakAra se me bya janAvRtti nAmaka padArtha pratipAdana zakti dvArA kiyA honI cAhie, yadi mokSamArga ke kayana kI samajha bhI jAtA hai| vizeSa itanA samajhanA cAhie ki abhidheya rUpa saMsAra mArga ke kathana kI taraha me hI samajhI yA mAnI jAve pratipAdita padArtha kA kathana makhya va upacarita ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| to samajha kI zuruAta ho viparIta hone kI vajaha se / ima prakAra kathana kI apekSA se samajhane ke lie padArtha mithyAtva kI granthi kholane kA gabda dvArA vacana me abhi me bhI mukhya va upacAra kA bheda kiyA jAtA hai| prAya rakhate hue bhI samajhane kA samasta puruSArtha viparIta ho mukhya kathana vaha kahalAtA hai jisakA astitva svayaM jAne ke kAraNa mithyAtva kI gATa nahIM khula skegii| siddha ho tathA jimakA astitva svayasiddha nahI hokara jisa tarahase saMsAra mArga ke lie jIvana meM prati samaya nimitta tathA prayojanake prAdhAra para siddha ho, vaha upacArita gujarane vAle sambandho tathA sampakoM ke lie samajha apanAI kathana kahalAtA hai| jAtI hai; usase bhinna prakAra kI samajha raMgamaca para nATaka isI upacarita kathana dvArA svayaM ke astitva kI vagairaha me abhinaya karate samaya, mukha se sabhI taraha ke vacana siddhi meM jo nimitta rUpa prAdhAra kathana hotA hai, vaha lakSya kahate hue bhI una vacanoM dvArA apanI samajha yA mAnyatA rUpa padArtha kA kathana kahalAtA hai aura isI upacarita ko viparIta na banAte hue jima pAtra kI bhUmikA milI hai, kathana dvArA svayaM ko siddhi me jo prayojana rUpa prAdhAra usakA yathArtha kI taraha abhinaya karate hai| usI taraha se kathana hotA hai vaha vyaMga rUpa padArtha kA kathana kahalAtA hai| mokSamArga kI samajha apanAne vAle jIva bhI isa saMsAra ko isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki upacarita padArtha kA kathana hI eka ragamaca mAnakara milI huI bhUmikA anusAra svayaM lakSya rUpa yA vyaMga rUpa padArtha kA kathana nahI hai lekina yathArtha kI taraha abhinaya karate hue vacana ke dvArA kahe gaye svaya ke kathana kI siddhi yAne jJAna hone me nimitta par3a kathana kI yathArtha samajha dvArA jIvana meM vizeSa dRSTikoNa rahe lakSya rUpa padArtha ke kathana kI siddhi karane ke vizeSa arthAt svabhAva dRSTi apanAte hai| prayojana ko lekara upacarita kathana 'apitAnapita siddhaH" vacana ke do prakAra ke bheda me jo nirarthaka vacana hote sUtra anusAra pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai| hai, jaise badhyAsuta, pAkAza kusama vagairaha, unake viSaya meM isase yaha siddha huprA ki upacarita kathana svayaM ko vicAra nahI karake sArthaka vacana yAne jo vacana padArtha kA apekSA kalpita evaM nirarthaka pratipAdita kathana nahIM hai pratipAdana karane meM samartha hai, unake viSaya me ho yahAM carcA lekina nimitta tathA prayojana ke prAdhAra para upacAra kiyA karanA prapekSaNIya hai| humA kathana hai, arthAt nimitta tathA prayojana ke mAdhAra para padArtha ke pratipAdaka sArthaka vacana bhI samajha kI kalpita kiyA humA kathana prA / isalie jainAgama meM upaprapekSA se do prakAra ke kahalAte hai : 1. midhyAvacana, pora carita kayana ko mAropita, mAgantuka,mApekSika, para-sApekSa, 2. styvcn| naimittika, kalpita yA vyavahAra rUpa se kahA gayA hai|
Page #79
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jinAgama meM pratipAdita upacarita kapana kA rahasya svayaM padArtha meM mukhya tathA upacAra kA bheda nasI hai yaha hamA ki vivakSita upAdAna kAraNa se kisI vivakSita lekina vacana dvArA padArtha meM mukhya athavA upacArapanA kArya kI utpatti kI siddhi vacana dvArA mukhya rUpa se svayaM kalpita kiyA jAtA hai| isalie vacana dvArA hI kisI siddha bhI hotI hai tathA upacarita kathana dvArA bhI hotI hai| panya padArgha meM kisI anya mukhya padArtha kI apekSA upacAra isIlie upacarita kathana kA apanA astitva svayaMsiddha karake usa upacarita kathana dvArA mukhya padArtha ke kathana ko nahI hai, kAraNa jahAM mukhyapane kA prabhAva ho tathA nimitta samajhA jAtA hai| paura prayojana kA sadbhAva ho, vahI para upacAra pravRtta isake lie jainAgama me kubhakAra vagairaha kA dRSTAMta diyA jAtA hai jisakA zAbdika sIdhA prartha kubha mAdi uparokta kathana se yahI siddha hotA hai ki jo kathana ko karane vAlA vyakti hotA hai; parantu vicAraNIya tathya upAdAna kAraNabhata vastu kI kAryarUpa pariNati kA jJAna yaha hai ki jaina mAnyatA ke anumAra kartA vahI padArtha kaha- hone meM sahAyaka hotA hai, usI ko upacarita kAraNa lAtA hai, jo svayaM kArya rUpa pariNata hotA hai tathA kArya nimitta kAraNa yA sahakArI kAraNa kahA jAtA hai| rUpa pariNata hone vAlI vastu kI kAryarUpa pariNati kI isI apekSA se zrImad prakala ka deva ne apanI prApta siddhi prarthAta jJAna hone meM sahAyaka honA usa sahAyaka hone mImAMsA kArikA 10 kI aSTAtI TIkA me nimna kathana vAlI vastu ko kartRtva siddhi me kAraNa rUpa hai, kartRtva rUpa kiyA hai| nahI hai| isalie yahI nirNIta hotA hai ki kAryarUpa pari- tada mAmayam khaNDayadakiMcitkaraM ki sahakArIkAraNaM Nata hone vAlI vastu kI kAryarUpa pariNati kI siddhi me syAt ? jo kathana vAstavika rUpa se sahAyaka hotA hai|| arthAta - sahakArI kAraNa yadi kAryarUpa pariNata hone usame vAstavika rUpa se vidyamAna usa sahAyakapana ke na kI yogyatA rakhane vAlI upAdAna kAraNabhUta vastu kI kArya mAghAra para kartatva kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai aura yahI rUpa pariNata na ho sakane rUpa asAmarthya (prazakti) kA kAraNa hai ki isa prakAra ke kartRtva ko upacarita, prAro khaNDana nahIM karatA humA sarvathA prakicitkara hI rahatA hai pita, prAgantuka, prApekSika, parasApekSa, kalpita yA vyavahAra to phira ume sahakArI kAraNa kahA jA sakatA hai kyA ? arthAt nahIM kahA jA sktaa| zabdoM se pukArA jAtA hai, jisakA tAtparya yaha hotA hai uparokta kathana meM khaNDana zabda vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya ki kAryarUpa pariNata hone vAlI vastu kI kAryarUpa pari hai kyoki khaNDana-maNDana rUpa kriyA zabda dvArA kathana me gati ko siddhi yAne jJAna hone meM sahAyaka hone vAle kathana hoyA karatI me yadyapi kAryarUpa pariNata hone rUpa svayasiddha yA svAzrita mokSamArga ko mamajhane ke lie sarva prathama kathana karane mukhya kartRtva vidyamAna nahI hai phira bhI kAryarUpa pariNata kI paddhati ko yathArtha pamajha honA pratyaMta prAvazyaka hai, hone vAlI usa vastu ko kAryarUpa pariNati kI siddhi yAne kyoki yadi kathana ko paddhati hI nahI samajha sake to vaktA jJAna hone meM sahAyaka hone ke prAdhAra para upacarita rUpa kA abhiprAya bhI mahI samajha meM nahIM prA mkegaa| kartRtva to usame vidyamAna hai hii| vacana ke prathaMbhUna padArtha kA kathana makhya tathA upacArita isa vivecana se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki kartRtva dono hI prakAra se hamrA karatA hai| kathana do prakAra se kA upacAra yA pAropa bhI usI kathana meM humA karatA hai hone para lakSya rUpa padArtha ko bhI do prakAra kA mAna leve jo kathana kAryarUpa pariNata hone vAlI vastu kI usa kAya to samajha me bhUna raha jAtI hai / upacarita kathana kA abhirUpa pariNati kI siddhi meM sahAyaka humA karatA hai| isa prAya bhI upacarita kathana kI mukhyatA pratipAdita karanA taraha kAryarUpa pariNata hone vAlI vastu kI kAryarUpa pari- na hokara uma eka lakSya rUpa prarthabhUta padArtha kA pratipAdana Nati kI siddhi yAne jJAna hone meM nimitta kahe jAne vAle karanA hI hai| apekSA meM donoM taraha ke kathana karane meM kathana kA, siddhi yAne jJAna hone me sahAyakapanA to vAsta- bhinna-bhinna haiN| mukhya kathana sva-apekSA kiyA gayA kathana vika hai lekina kartavapanA upacarita hai| isakA tAtparya hai tathA upacarita kathana para-prapekSA kiyA gayA kathana hai|
Page #80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 72, barSa 32, ki0 3.4 svaprapekSA kA kathana svayaMsiddha hotA hai, isalie aisA isa prakAra siddha huA ki upacarita kathana mukhya kathana kathana utpatti mArga tathA zapti mArga donoM kA jJAna karAne ke arthabhUta padArtha kA jJAna karane meM nimitta hai, na ki mukhya vAlA hotA hai tathA para-prapekSA kA kathana nimitta tathA kayana ke prathamata padArtha ke utpanna hone meN| prayojana ke prAdhAra para siddha hotA hai isapiye yaha kathana padArtha pratipAdana rUpa zabda, padArtha, padArtha kA jJAna mAtra jJAptimArga arthAta jJAna karAne vAlA kathana hai| inhIM kramazaH zabdanaya, arthanaya tathA jJAnanaya ke viSaya haiN| donoM prakAra ke kathana ko pradhyAtma kayana-prAgama kathana, zabda meM jJAna kA upacAra yAne vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai tathA nizcaya kathana-vyavahAra kathana nAma se bhI kahA jAtA tathA jJAna svaya jJAnarUpa hai hI; isaliye padArtha dharthAt partha hai tathA yahI apekSA bhinnatA jJAna ke anekAnta svarUpa ko naya ko samajhane ke liye zabda dvArA jo bhI kathana yA vacana samajhAne ke liye syAnAda nAma se prasiddha hai| rUpa meM vyavahAra hotA hai, vaha saba zabdanaya kA viSaya hai tathA kisI bhI kathana kI vivecanA karate samaya pahale kathana zabda dvArA padArtha kA jo jJAna hotA hai vaha jJAnanaya kA ko bhalI prakAra samajhanA jarUrI hai ki isa kathana kA viSaya hai| isa prakAra se padArtha ko jAnane kA mArga hI jJapti zabdArtha, nayArtha matArtha pAgamArtha tathA bhAvArtha kyA hai ? mArga, mAgama mArga, vyavahAra mArga kahalAtA hai / isa mArga mukhya kathana to svayasiddha hone ke kAraNa, usakI / ke dvArA mAtra padArtha ke kathana kA jJAna hotA hai, svaya padArtha samajha meM to vizeSa bAdhA nahI pAtI hai lekina upacarita nahI humA krtaa| lekina mUla meM bhUla vaza isa jJaptimArga kathana meM upacarita kathana ke lakSaNa kA dhyAna nahIM rakhane dvArA padArtha kA honA mAna liyA jAtA hai yAne jJaptimArga ke kAraNa anyathA samajha apanA lI jAtI hai| isa viparIta se padArtha kI utpatti mAna lete hai| isa kAraNa viparItatA mamajha ke kAraNa upacarita kathana me mithyApana kA prAropa kI viparIta mAnyatA ke kAraNa anAdikAla me jIva ko mA jAtA hai kyoMki upacarita kathana kA mukhya rUpa se apane mAtmasvabhAva kI samyak pratIti nahI ho pA rahI hai pratipAdana karanA yA samajhanA hI viparIta yAne mithyA hai| jisake phalasvarUpa iSTa paniSTa kalpanA tathA rAgadveSa rUpa upacarita kathana svayaM hI yaha ghoSita karatA hai ki maiM makhya pariNamana kA abhiprAya nirantara mithyAttva evaM anaMtAnubaMdhI kathana nahI haiN| mukhya ko samajhane ke liye hI mere meM mukhya kaSAya ke rUpa meM pratiphalita ho rahA hai| kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai, isIlie upacarita kathana svaya padArtha kI utpatti upAdAna kAraNa se bhI aura nimitta siddha nahI hokara nimitta evaM prayojana ke prAdhAra para hI kAraNa se bhI yAne dono kAraNoM se utpatti mAnanA hI to siddha hotA hai| upacarita kathana kaho yA nimitta namaitika sambandha mithyA anekAnta hai / jabaki upAdAna kAraNa bhinna apekSA kaho, eka hI bAta hai| upacarita kthana kA lakSaNa nimitta yAne utpatti kI apekSA se kAraNa hai tathA nimitta kAraNa naimittika sambandha ko siddha karane vAlA hai| jaba uparita yAne upacarita kAraNa bhinna prapekSA jJapti yAne jAnane kI kathana nimitta rUpa meM mAnA jAve to upacarita kapana kA apekSA se kAraNa hai tathA yaha apekSA-bhinnatA hI samyaka lakSya yA prayojana namittika mAnA jAtA hai tathA upacarita anekAnta hai| kathana kA lakSya yA prayojana jaba nimitta rUpa se pratipAdita isI anekAnta svarUpa ko samajhane ke liye hI samaya hotA hai to vahI upacarita kathana mukhya rUpa hokara naimittika sAra gAthA 12 kI TIkA meM zrImad prAcArya deva ne jo kahalAtA hai| isa taraha se sabhI upacarita kathana nimitta mArmika cetAvanI dI hai, usakA sahI bhAva samajhanA bhI naimittika sambandhako liyehae hai| isalie upacarita kathana apakSita hai| tathA usakA lakSya prApasa me eka dUsare kI apekSA nimitta jaha jiNamaya havajjaha tA mA vavahAra Nicchae mayaha / rUpa bhI hai tathA naimittika rUpa bhI hai| e eNa viNA chijjA tistha praNeNa uNa taccaM /
Page #81
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ he bhavyakIyo ! yadi tuma jinamata kA pravartana karanA pAdita pravRtti ke kathana ko nizcayanaya dvArA pratipAdita cAhate ho to vyavahAra pora nizcaya donoM ko mata chor3o, pravRtti ke jJAna kA sAdhana nahI mAna kara nizcaya naya dvArA kyoMki vyavahAra ke binA to tIrtha (dharma tIrtha yAne jJAna pratipAdita pravRtti kI utpatti kA sAdhana mAnanA mAtra tIrtha jo ki tasvarUpa nija zuddhAtma svarUpa ke nikaTa samajha kI viparItatA hI hai| isa taraha se satya pratipAdana kinAre gaka pahuMcAne kA sAdhana hai) kA nAza ho jAvegA karane kI kSamatA rakhane vAle upacarita kapana ko apanI tathA nizcaya ke binA tatva (nija zuddhAtma svarUpa sAdhya viparIta samajha ke dvArA mithyA mAnyatA rUpa mAnanA svayaM rUpamAtmatatva kA nAza ho jaavegaa)| apanI hI bhUla hai| prAcAryoM ke kathana karane meM bhala nahIM hai| isake liye samayasAgara mUlagAthA 12 me zrImad kunda- isa vivecanA kA yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki upakundAcArya deva ne spaSTa nirdeza kiyA hai ki aparama bhAva carita kathana kA kahanA to vyavahAra hai lekina usako vaisA (vikalpAtmaka avasthA) meM vyavahAra prayojanIya hai, arthAt hI mAnanA mithyAtva hai; jaise ki rAga ko dharma kahanA bhedajJAna kA vikalpa yAne dono nayo dvArA vastu svarUpa ko| vyavahAra hai, upacAra hai lekina rAga ko dharma mAnanA jAnane rUpa vyavahAra jAnane kI apekSA prayojanavAn hai mithyAtva hai| kyoMki rAga rUpa se kahanA to mukhya kathana hai, tathA paramabhAva (nirvikalpa avasthA) meM nizcaya naya dvArA yathArtha kathana hai. satya vacana hai tathA rAga ko dharma kA vyava. pratipAdita svayaM ke zuddhAtma svarUpa kA arthAt prAtmajJAna hAra hai. upacarita kathana hai; upacAra rUpa se yathArtha hai, satya kA jJAna prAzraya grahaNa karane kI apekSA se prayojanIya hai| vacana hai kyoki apane lakSya rUpa dharma ke kathana kA jJAna bheda nAma vyavahAra kA hai| nizcaya tathA vyavahAra rUpa karAne kI apekSA prayojanavAna hai / lekina rAga meM dharma upabheda mAtra jJAna kA hI bheda hai / jJAna kI apekSA yAne sama- cAra kiyA arthAt rAga ko dharma kahA isaliye rAga ko bhI jhane kI apekSA se anya gaNoM meM bhI nizcaya vyavahAra ke dharma mAna liyA jAve yA rAga se dharma kI utpatti mAna lI bheda kA prayoga zabda dvArA kiyA jAtA hai lekina usa prayoga jAve to yaha mAnanA viparIta ho jAtA hai tathA aisA mAnanA karane ke yathArtha abhiprAya ko bhUlakara zraddhA mora pravRtti mithyAtva kahalAtA hai| vagairaha meM bhI jo nizcaya vyavahAra kI mAnyatA mAna lI isI taraha se prAtma-svabhAva kI apekSA zarIra mAdi jAtI hai, isI samajha kI bhUla ke kAraNa upacarita kathana nokarma tathA jJAnAvaraNAdi dravyakarma rUpa parapadArtha tathA ke sahI mAzaya ko bhUlakara viparIta mAnyatA banI rahatI hai| rAgAdika parabhAvarUpa bhAvakarma ko apanA kahanA prAramayaha samajha bahuta moTI bhUla hai| prabuddha jijJAsupoM ko isa svabhAva kA upacAra hai| lekina inako apanA mAnanA arthAta viSaya para vizeSa dhyAna dekara cintana-manana karake nirNaya mabako apanA prArama svabhAba mAnanA mithyAtva hai| jJAnI karanA cAhiye / anya guNoM kA pariNamana zuddha yA prazuddha jIva ke svabhAva dRSTi kI vajaha se mAnyatA meM yaha vilayathArtha hI hai| mAtra jJAna ko prapekSA zabda dvArA unameM kSaNatA pAI jAtI hai| nizcaya vyavahAra kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai| ___ sArAMza yahI hai ki billI meM zera kA upacAra karake jainAgama meM jagaha-jagaha vyavahAranaya ko nizcayanaya zera kA jJAna to kiyA jA sakatA hai lekina billI meM zera kA sAdhana kahA hai, kyoki nizcaya naya ke prathaMbhUta nija kA upacAra karane ke kAraNa billI ko bhI zera mAna lenA zuddhAtma tatva pAtmajJAna kA kathana vacanarUpa vyavahAra yA billI se zera kI utpatti mAna lenA svayaM apanI hI dvArA hotA hai| isa taraha se bacanarUpa vyavahAra jAna samajha ko bhUla hai| nizcaya sAdhyarUpa prAtmajJAna ke jJAna kA sAdhana hai| lekina isa prakAra se acarita kathana kA sahI prayojana samajha nija ke jJAna svabhAva ko bhUlakara vyavahAranaya dvArA prati- kara bhavya joba jinavANI ke yathArtha rahasya kI samajha dvArA pAdita pravRtti ke kathana ko nizcayanaya dvArA prati. svabhAva daSTi ko apanA kara apanA kalyANa kreN| .
Page #82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ R.N. 10591/82 vIra-sevA-mandira ke upayogI prakAzana pugatana navAkya-sUcI: prAkRta ke prAcIna 46 mUla-granthoM kI padyAnukramaNI, jisake sAtha 48 TIkAdi granthoM meM uddhRta dUsare padyo kI bhI anukramaNI lagI huI hai / saba milAkara 25353 paya-vAkyoM kI sUcI / saMpAdaka mukhtAra thI jugalakizora jI kI gaveSaNApUrNa mahattva kI 7 pRSTha kI prastAvanA se alaMkRta, DA. kAlIdAsa nAga, ema. e., DI. liTa.ke prAkkathana (Foreword) aura DA0 e. ena. upAdhye, ema. e.,DI. liTa. kI bhUmikA (Introduction) se bhUSita hai| zodha-khoja ke vidvAno ke lie pratIva upayogI, bar3A sAija, sjild| 15.00 svayambha stotra : samantabhadra bhAratI kA pUrva grantha, mukhtAra zrI jugalakizorajI ke hindI anuvAda tathA mahattva kI gaveSaNApUrNa prastAvanA se suzobhita / 2-00 stutiSiyA : svAmI samantabhadra kI anokhI kRti, pApA ke jItane kI kalA, saTIka, sAnuvAda bhora zrI jagala. kizora mukhtAra kI mahattva kI prastAvanAdi se alaMkRta, sundara, jilda-sahita / manyAtmakamalamArtaDa:paMcAdhyAyIkAra kavi rAjamala kI sundara prAdhyAtmika racanA, hindI-anuvAda-sahita / 1.50 pakrayanuzAsana : tattvajJAna se paripUrNa, samantabhadra kI asAdhAraNa kRti, jisakA abhI taka hindI anuvAda nahIM humA thaa| mukhtAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda aura prastAvanAdi se alaMkRta, sajilda / ... samIcIna dharmazAstra : svAmI samantabhadra kA gRhasthAcAra-viSayakA atyuttama prAcIna grantha, mukhtAra zrIjugalakizora jI ke vivecanAtmaka hindI bhASya aura gaveSaNAtmaka prastAvanA se yukta, sajilda / / ananya-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1: saMskRta aura prAkRta ke 171 aprakAzita granthoM kI prazastiyoM kA maMgalAcaraNa sahita apUrva saMgraha, upayogI 11 pariziSToM aura paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI kI itihAsa-viSayaka sAhityaparicayAtmaka prastAvanA se alaMkRta, sajilda / ... 4.00 samAdhitantra pora iSTopadeza : pradhyAtmakRti, paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI kI hindI TIkA sahita 4.00 pAvaNabelagola aura dakSiNa ke anya jaina tIrtha : zrI rAjakRSNa jaina ... 1.25 janasampa-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 2: apabhraza ke 122 maprakAzita granthoM kI prazastiyoM kA mahattvapUrNa saMgraha / pacapana andhakAroM ke aitihAsika graMtha-paricaya aura pariziSToM sahita / saM.paM. paramAnanda shaastrii| sajilda / 12.0 myAya-dIpikA :mA0 abhinava dharmabhUSaNa kI kRti kA pro00 darabArIlAlajI nyAyAcArya dvArA saM0 anu0| 7.0 bana sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizava prakAza : pRSTha saMkhyA 74, sajilya / kasAyapArasutta : mUla grantha kI racanA mAja se do hajAra varSa pUrva zrI guNadharAcArya ne kI, jisa para zrI yativRSabhAcArya ne pandraha sau varSa pUrva chaha hajAra zloka pramANa cUNisUtra likhe / sampAdaka paM hIrAlAlajI sivaant-shaastrii| upayogI pariziSToM aura hindI anuvAda ke sAtha bar3e sAija ke 1000 se bhI adhika pRSThoM meM / puSTa kAgaja mora kapar3e kI pakkI jilda / 20.00 Reality :mA. pUjyapAda kI sarvArtha siddhi kA aMgrejI meM manuvAda / bar3e bhAkAra ke 3001., pakkI jilda jaina nivAba-ratnAvalI : zrI milApacandra tathA zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA dhyAnazataka (dhyAnastava sahita):saMpAdaka paM. bAlacandra sivAnta-zAstrI 12.00 pAvaka dharma saMhitA: zrI darabAvasiMha soSiyA galakAmAvalI (tIna bhAgoM meM):saM.paM.bAlapAda siddhAnta zAstrI 120.00 Jain Bibliography (Universal Encyclopaedia of Jain References) (Pages 250c) (Under print) prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira ke lie rUpavANI priMTiMga hAusa, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 se mudrita /
Page #83
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
_