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120
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARI.
- [MAY, 1909.
(a) Lakhmiji or Bre,
founded by Ramantj Acharya. The Panjabi followers of Ramanůj are divided into two sects, using the same seotarial mark, but of different colours (see Plate fig. 10). That is, the inner part of the mark is called éri, and is coloured yellow by the Râmânûj Sect, and red by the Râmånand Sect, who are bairagís.
(6) Beshjt
founded by Madhev Acharys. This sect also has two divisions, and they use quite separate marks. That of the Seshji Sect is a fulst leaf and is called ári gunjan mali (Plate fig. 11), and that of the Gopalji Sect has a peculiar elongation down the nose. (Plate fig. 12).
(6) Mahadevji or Budra,
founded by Balabh Acharya.. This sect has seven gad lis or seats, six of which use the urdhpund mark, somo with a dot below it : (Plate figs. 13a and 18b). The seventh gadiki, at Gokalaath near Mathura, nes two vertical lines. (Plate fig. 14).
(d) Sankadika,
founded by Nimbark AchArya. This seot uses a modification of the udhpund with the ári: (Plate fig. 15).11
2. Saivas, The Saivas commonly use the curved tripund (see Plate fig. 6a), representing a half-moon, the symbol of Siva. The tripund is, however, not of a constant character, being also described as three oblique lines with a point under them or simply as three parallel lines (Plate fig. 6). It also takes the form shown in Plate I, fig. 16.
The parallel or curved forms of the tripund with a dot on the central line (Plate figs. 17 and 17a) is utilized to show the particular form of worship affected by the Saiva devotee. The worshipper of Siva-wears the tripund made of ashes, saffron or sandal. The worshippers of his consort Devt has the central dot made of sandal coloured red. The worshippers of Ganesh has the central dot of sindar (vermilion). The worshipper of Surya wears no special colour, bat his tripund mark is sometimes red.
3. Other Hindus. The Shaktaks are distinguished by a single dot of vermilion? (Plate fig. 18).
The Samarte, the Sanos and the Shankars are said to use the urdhpund and the tripund indifferently, and the Ganpatis to use the tripund only.'
4. Jains. The mark of the Jaing is said to be a vertically elongated dot of saffron. The Indian Buddhists are said to distinguish themselves by the same mark (Plate fig. 19).
Another account however says that the Sitambri Jains use a round saffron dot (Plate fig. 20). while the Digambri Jains wear a thick vertical line of saffron ( Plate fig. 21).
11 Vaishnavas have of course other insignia, as the necklace of tulaf benda, in contradistinction to the middlaha of the Saivas. The Vaishnava sectarial marks in Southern India differ altogether, vila Dubois, Hindu Kanners, Customs and Ceremonies, 8rd ed., p. 112.
12 "A single mark of red-lead to worn in Kohat by the Teri Sholl, wale of M almin fag'r, who wear long cloak, often carry a trident tied to the shoulder, and "revolve metal plate."
