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AVGUST, 1909.]
A PRIMER OF DRAVIDIAN PHONOLOGY,
219
Note (3) Tamil and Malayalam slow palatalisation in the following words, while the other languages have k.
(a) Tamil, saria village;' Mal. (Séri; Can, kéri; Tulu geri, Tel.geri. (b) Tamil Beambuverdigris' is kilubu in Can, ; kilembu in Tuļu.
(c) kirai.greens in Tamil becomes (Sirce in Malayalam, while Telugu has kara.' Note (4)--(initial) is sometimes lost. (a) Mal. karuya 't grass' and Can, karike; Toļu kaulike, Telu. garika is aruhu in
Tamil; so that Tamil las lost k initial. (b) Tamil i give' and Can. i and Telu. ittsu seem to have lost the initial k, for, in
Gündi, it is hi or si; In Kủi, it is simu; In Malto tsiya and in Kurukh tsiv
(vide L. S.). (c) Tam., Mal., Can., Talu un to ent' is in Brôhui kna (vile L. S., p. 628). Note (5)-Special developments of k in some of the North Drarilian languages :
(a) Tamil kui'hand' is in Korvi kai; in Kaikâdi kai, in Kurukh klekka. (b) Tamil kal.foot,' is in Gündi leál ; in Korvi kúl; in Kaikidi kul; in Kurukh
kled; in Malto qued. (c) Tamil kan eye' is in Korvi kanna ; in Kaikadi kunna ; in Karakh lmna ; in
Malto qanuth; in Kui lūnu ; in Gundi kan; in Brühú khan. (d) Cangrese live ear' is in Korvi savi; in Kaikadi svai; in Karukh khebla ; in
Malto qewuta ; in Gôndi kari; in Brāhui khaf. Dr. Grierson says that lik is pronounced as the Scotch ch in Loch ; i. e., it is x, the voiceless velar spirant (vide L. S., p. 412). The Malto q too seems to have the same pronunciation, but is a little labialised. Hence it may be said that k X or yw in Brahui and Kurukh, and in Malto. Korvi and Kaikadi show that k o or through the influence of palatal vowels.
G. (medial). Primitive Dravidian g is written and pronounced g, i. e., voiced velar stop in Canarese Tulu and Telugu. But in Malayalam and in the non-Brahman dialect of Tamil it is written k, but pronounced as the voiced velar spirant. Bat the literary pronunciation of g is an aspirate in Tamil, s. e., h. Examples of these are :
(1) g's g (Can., Tulu. and Tel.); 7 y (Mal.) 1 1 (Tamil).
Tamil.
Mal.
I
Can.
Talu.
Telugu.
... agela
syalaya ..ayappan
... agala ... agape
...
agapa.
naye
nage
naga.
abal (to go away) 2 ahappai (a spoon)
nahai (laugh) ... mahan (son) pahal (day) .
pahudi (tributa) 7 pabai (hate) ... 8 tahu (6t)... ...
mayan payal
maga hagalu pagadi
mage hagala paguļi
...pagalu.
paya
pagidi.
paya
page
page
paga.
tayæ
taga
tagu.
