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171
JUNE, 1889.] GRANTS OF ANANTAVARMA-CHODAGANGADEVA.
vishaya (1. 51); to Marasimha, the Soda or Sêda mandala (1. 52); and to Vajrahasta (I.), the Kantaka vartani. And thus for thirty-six years he governed the Kalinga countries (1.53).
Of him, Kamarnava (I.) (1. 58), who adorned the family of the Gangas (1. 57),-who obtained the fulfilment of all their desires by propitiating the divine Gokarnasvâmin (1. 56), established on the pure summit of the mountain Mahendra (1. 55), who is the sole. architect for the construction of the universe, and the father of all things animate and inanimate (1. 56); and who are of the Atreya gotra (1. 57), -the younger brother, Danarņava (1. 59), reigned for forty years.
His son, the second Kamarnava (1. 60),49 reigned for fifty years; his city was the city named Nagara (1. 61), in which he built a lofty temple for an emblem of the god Isa (Siva) in the linga-form, to which he had given the name of Madhukêsa (1. 62) because it was produced from, a madhúka-tree. His son, Ranarnava (1. 63), made the earth happy for five years. His son, the second Vajrahasta (1. 64), protected the earth for fifteen years. His younger brother, the third Kamarṇava (1. 65), caused the earth to be prosperous for nineteen years. His son, Gunarnava (II.) (1. 66), held the earth in subjection for twenty-seven years. His son, Jitankusa (1. 67), kept the earth without a rival wife in his affection for fifteen years. Then his brother's son, Kaligalankusa (1. 67), adorned the Kalinga countries for twelve years. Then his father's brother, king Gundama (I.) (1. 69), was the ornament of the earth for seven years. His younger brother, the fourth Kamarnava (1. 69), enjoyed the earth for twenty-five years. Their younger brother, Vinayaditya (1. 70), protected the earth for three years. Then the fourth Vajrahasta (1. 72), the son of his elder brother Kamarnava (IV.), reigned for thirty-five years; and made the earth as soft as clay with the water that was the rut of a thousand elephants given away by him. Then his son, the fifth Kamarnava (1.74), reigned for half a year. Then his younger brother, the second king Gundama (1. 74), reigned for three years. His maternal half-brother, the sixth Madhu-Kamarnava (1. 75), for nineteen years. Then his son, Vajrahasta (V.) (1. 76), for thirty years; the whole earth was filled with the fame of him, the ornament of the Gangakula (1. 77); and he, the lord of Trikalinga (1. 82), fully deserved the name of Vajrahasta ('he who holds a thunderbolt in his hand'), because he was able to ward off a thunderbolt which, missing its proper path, was falling from the hand of the god Vajrin (Indra) onto the earth. His son Rajaraja (1. 83), reigned for eight years; he first became the husband of the goddess of victory in battle with the Dramilas (1. 85), and then wedded Rajasundari, the daughter of the Choda king (1. 86); and when Vijayaditya (1. 87), beginning to grow old, left (the country of) Vengi, as if he were a sun leaving the sky, and was about to sink in the great ocean of the Chodas, he, Rajaraja, the refuge of the distressed, caused him to enjoy prosperity for a long time in the western region (1.89). His eldest son, equal to (the ancient king) Vikramaditya in the prowess of his mighty arm (1. 90), was Chodaganga (1. 92), who was anointed king of the whole world in the Saka year (1. 93) that is numbered by the Nandas (nine), the apertures of the body (nine) and the planets (nine), when the sun was standing with Kumbha, in the bright fortnight, on Sunday, joined with the third lunar day, under the Rêvati nakshatra, and during the Nriyugma lagna. He, the ornament of the Gangas (1. 103), first replaced the fallen lord of Utkala in his kingdom in the eastern region (1. 100), and then the waning lord of Vengi in the western region (1. 101), and propped up their failing fortunes.
And he, the illustrious Mahárája Anantavarman (1. 103), the Rájádhirája, the Rajaparamésvara, the Paramabhattáraka, the most devout worshipper of the god Vishnu, 50 who is most
49 It should be noted how, in most cases, in a very exceptional manner, this record uses the ordinal adjectives to distinguish the different kings of the same name.
49 Here, line 104, rajaparamdivara seems to be a fuller form of the usual supreme title paramésvara. But, on the analogy of similar epithets in other dynasties, it may be a biruda of Anantavarman, meaning a very Paraméévara (Siva) among kings.-It is rather curious that, along with one at least of the paramount titles, the feudatory title of Maharaja should be attached to the name of Anantavarman.
50 See also, contrasted with the Nandi on the seal, and with the epithet paramamahtivara in the other two grants, the use of the epithet paramavaishanava here is rather peculiar. But the grantee, Madhava, and his grandfather, Vasudeva-nayaka, were plainly Vaishnavas. And the sectarian title in question was possibly assumed out of compliment to them.
