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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(AUGUST, 1889.
anit' roots given in the five formidable couplets both of Dr. Kielhorn himself and of the tradi. on p. 110. I may perhaps be allowed to record my tional interpreters of the old vyúkarana, such as own experience in learning and teaching, that the might be easily gained by many an Indian reader best way to master this crux is to divide the final of this Journal with little trouble to himself and consonants into two groups, according as they possibly great prosit to us in Europe. tend to cause the insertion or rejection of the i. (1) In $ 58+ (a) Dr. Kielhorn states that "in The exceptions amongst verbs in ordinary use the classical literature the three past tenses are will be found to be very few, when this bas been used without distinction." done, as it easily may be done, from the tables in This no doubt holds good as a general state. Monier-Williams and Whitney.
ment as far as concerns the Imperfect and Aorist. In other cases, where the Paainiyan nomenclature But as for the Perfect Dr. Speijer's' illustrations is concise, and not difficult even for beginners to of the Paniniyan sutra (iii., 2, 115) parókshe lit, acquire, e.g. the names of tenses, it might be added from Dandin and Somadêva, merit consideration, parenthetically. This would facilitate intercourse as tending to show that good prose writers do with Pandits and their books, as well as prepare observe Pånini's rule; and to the same conclu. the way for the study of the older authorities. sion we are led by the rarity of the occurrence
The list of Irregular Verbs ($403) is printed of the 1st and 2nd persons of the tense. with admirable clearness; but in some cases the (2) In explaining the rule for the case as. verbs selected are of rare occurrence, at least in sumed by the agent of the priinitive when it the forms tabulated. For example, the first root aj becomes a causal, Dr. Kielhorn adheres to the seems only to occur in the "Classical Language old rule of Panini (I. iv. 52, gatibuddhi"). in the Parasmai Special Tenses; the same applies But surely there is much force in the objections to mi; while várnu is, like anaduh, to the urged by Biba Anendarima Vaduyat and by Dr. ordinary student, little more than a grammatical Speijer op. cit. 949), who point out that really curiosity. The statistical school, as represented the instrumental is always used when actual by Prof. Whitney, would, it is to be feared, agency or instrumentality is emphasized : e.g., make great havoc of the elaborate rules for forming Manu, viii., 371, ai efT: TUTT, which is canal aorists from vowel initial roots, interestingly against Piuini but still, I venture to think, a parallel though they are to Greek forms like perfectly good construction, because the point is,
yayov ; for we now learn that only three of these not that the king makes the possibly willing) forms have been found in literature (Whitney, dogs devour the criminal, but that the criminal
Verb-forms, pp. 224, 225). Still it must by no meets her death by such degrading means. With means be concluded that the study of Indian
this contrast another citation of Dr. Speijer, grammar, as set forth from traditional sources, Kathesaritseigara, Tar. ix. slà. 10: 45 Traff when unconfirmed by the statistics, confessedly
TR; where the point is, not getting the porand indeed necessarily imperfect, of modern re.
ridge eaten by someone, but making the queen search has no more than the theoretic value to
eat it. So too it would seem that, in spite of which we referred at the outset. Much import
authority, the process of making a person pay ant literature in Sanskrit itself still remains to be explored : while the scientific study of the
(TU), donbtless always familiar to Orientals, Pråkpits and Aryan vernaculars is daily pro
could not be expressed by so gentle a means as the
instrumental construction but takes two accu. gressing and throwing side-lights on the ancient
satives. grammatical learning.
CECIL BENDALL. A special feature of the edition is the addition of a Chapter on Syntax, which has great
5 CU FA-HTEN'S RECORD OF BUDDHISTIC KINGDOM : trang. value as one of the first expositions of this i lated by JAMES LEGGE, M.A., LL.D. OXPORD; portion of grammar by a European scholar already
the Clarendon Press. 1886. Small to; pp. iv., viii.
123, and 44 of Chinese text; with a Map and nine distinguished as an exponent of the Native Illastrations. authorities.
Mr. Legge has done good work in bringing out I must conclude this very inadequate notice by this new translation of F4-Hien's Record of an observation on two syntactical points, which Buddhistie Kingdoms. And we regret not have always interested me, and on which it would having been able to notice his book at an earlier be extremely useful to hear the further opinion date; the more so because, in addition to including
? This applies to the Dhatupasho likewise. hind, 1 wander' treated by European authorition as a doubtful ára eipnuevov, is found in Pâli as early as the Mahavagga (Vol. 1. p. 23) and is still in Use in Hindi and Marathi
Sanskrit Syntax (Leyden, 1886), $ 330.
Hixher Sanskrit Grammar (Calcutta, 1879). 99 100 160.
