________________
193
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(JULY, 1889.
B.-The beginning and end of the Cyole-year according to the Jyotistattva.
(a)- According to the Arya-Siddhanta, the epoch of the Saka era, expressed in
days of the Julian period, and in such a manner as to yield current days and hours, etc., after mean sunrise (at Ujjain), in the final results, is -
1749 621.1979 days. (6)-The length of one solar year is -
365-25868055 days.
Rules. 1. To find the beginning of any year of the Saks era, in accordance with the AryaSiddhanta, multiply (6), i.e. the length of one solar year, by the number of years expired, and to the product add (a), i.e. the epoch of the Saka era. Convert the result into the European date by Tables I. and II. Thus, for the beginning of Saka 1680, current, we find -
365.25868055 x 1679 613 269-32464345 + 1749 621.1979
2362 890-5225, i.e. 9th April, A.D. 1757 new style, 12 h. 32.4 m., which differs by six seconds from the commencement of Saka 1680, current, as given in Warren's First Chronol. Table, p. xxiv. And similarly, for the beginning of Saka 1311 expired (or 1312 carrent) we find
365.25868055 X 1311 478 854.13020105 + 1749 621.1979
2228 475-3281, 1.e. 26th March, A.D. 1389, 7 h. 52.5 m. which agrees to the very second with the result obtained from Warren's Table XLVIII., Second Part.
3. The Jyotistattva rule yields, for the commencement of any expired Saka year, the last expired Jupiter's year; and since it furnishes the means of determining what portion of the current Jupiter's year had elapsed at the commencement of the said Saka year, it enables us to calculate accurately the moment when the last expired Jupiter's year ended or the current one commenced. The rale is given by Davis (Asiat. Res. Vol. III. p. 214) and Warren (Kila-. Sankalita, p. 202), as follow:
“The Saka year note down in two places. Multiply one of the numbers) by 22. Add to the product) 4291. Divide (the sum) by 1875. The quotient (its integers) add to the second number noted down, and divide (the sum) by 60. The remainder or fraction will show the year last expired, counting from Prabhava (inclusive) as the first of the cycle. The fraction, if any, left by the divisor 1875, may be reduced to months, days, etc., expired of the current [Jupiter's] year." Applying this rule, e.g. to the expired Saka year 1311, we find
1973 1201 = 17 1988 ; and 131160" = 22
1876 Here the numerator of the second fraction () shows that at the beginning of Saka 1311, expired, the last expired year of Jupiter was the 8th, counted from Prabhava (inclusive), i.e. Bhâva. And the first fraction (1848) indicates that the end of Bhâva occurred 1878 of one solar years
This may be seen from the fact that 1876 reduced to days by Table IV. yields ono solar year (in accordance with the Arya-Siddhanta):
1000 - 194-80-163 days. 800 - 155-84370 70 = 18 03639
5 0.97402 1875 = 86625867 days.
