Comprehensive Critical Dictionary of Prakrit Languages Volum 01

Author(s): A M Ghatage
Publisher: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute

Page 20

(*13)
survive there. Hence the earlier rule xfa: d ay. the change of a to To ( 1. 209 ) and before its change to t This implies that these two sounds did not exist in the is given (1.210) Hemic indra naturally finds that a Prakrit of the first chapters which thus differs from possible change of a to has to be dealt with beciuse Sauraseni in this diagnostic feature, which fact is true such a change has been admitted by someone as occurrof Maharastri. Sutra 2. 7 states aizy it as an ing in scme sporadic words. Hence 7 a does not exception to the general rule 2.2. by which both and mean in the topic of the Sutra 1. 209, but in the were dropped, but survived in a group of words as alphabetical order of the substitutes i. e. between 0 and 7 exceptions. For this game a further change is indicated which is the place for in fact the sound which by 1.29 F lag by which is changed to u which is undergoes change is here contextually fixed as a (cf. found in the fival form 35. Thus the voicing of dental 1. 2018 T) and the Sutra is shortened to the stops was a regular feature of Sauraseni while it occurred essentiel parts Tag . It we add the word a: by in a few words in Maharastri as exceptions. This complex the process of af, tne Sütra becomes Kaffeg at procedure is chosen because no single Prakrit dia ect which is actually the Sütra of Vararuci 2. 7 in his can be taken as a basis for others.
Prāktiprakasa. It is imn iterial whether Hemacandra Once this posit on is realised the other problem
should have given the name ot Vararucior refer to any about the statement of lle macandra 1. 209 917
other grammirian which uses such a role in the des. ऋत्वादिष द इति भरधनमन: स तु शी सेनोमागधोविषय एक
cription of the basc Prakrit or uses the word to refer to sa z sieva gets clau fied. This passage has
a whole school of Eastern grammarians. It only means troubled all those who have worked on it, begioning
that his view is different from them, and be does not with Th. Bloch, Pis.chel, Niti-Dolci. Alsdort and others admit such a change in the principal Prakrit. It helps The question is raised, who does Hemacandia refer to
him then, to follow a uniform procedure of baging the by 9 and why did he introduce this discussion in the
rules of change on each preceding dialect, which he does commentary of the Sutra which lays down the change
by changing the order of the dialects to शौरसेनो [शेष of fea to . The schulars have blamed Ilemacadra 47721.
N
a tataal. 9711 Totaal. quite unnecessarily hy say that he has copied this P in T 970 379 Ti sivaraa l. passage from somewhere and with ut understanding it. He also takes note of the words and forms which More specifically it is argued that the words #aray
Prakrits have taken from Sanskrit, mainly words, by are a wrong copying of some such expression as for his last Sutra 4. 446 TT 1 997 f Instead of fuq standing for a reduplicated substitute in the system blaming him on the count of copying without underof grammar followed by Trivikrama and others.
standing, we must admire his skill in following a far
more systematic and rigorous procedure in this case. A little more atention to the plan of Hemacan Ira's Prakrit grammar can clear up this point. This passage with these interpretations and clarifications, we occurs in the section dealing with the Main Prakrit, should be able to state the exact relationship between wbich fact is of some importance. The sy-tem followed the two Prakrit dialects Māhärästri and Suraseal. It by Hemacandra in stating the changes of noninitial inter is not a question of one language developing into vocalic consonants is as follows After stating the gederal another, or that one is an earlier form of the other. rule of dropping such consonants - 7-7-7-7-94 and They are two distinct dialects which were used for
(1. 177 ), Hemonndra notes the sporadic changes of literary purposes at different stages of their development. the Sanskrit consoants in their traditional order beginning In case of the dentals, their voicing was a regular with onwards When these substitutes are more than feature of Saureseni, while such a change is confined to one for a given consonant the Sutras are arranged in that a few words in Maharastri, which can be considered group according to the traditional order of the substitutes. as either archaizms or borrowings. There is however To take an example the consonant #, its change to is one more difficulty ip accepting such a position, which given in I. 181. to it in 182, 10 in 1. 183, to win 1. 184, must be cleared up. The Prakrtaprakası ot Vararuci to A in 1.1%) and to in 1. 18. Here the substtutes appears to show a change of this type even in a morphofollow the traditional order. When it comes to a, besides logical form which cannot be thus limited to a few words, its general loss the other changes are given as follows. or thought of as an isolated phenomenon. Vararuci 1t changes to and 7 (1. 204 ), to z( 1. 205 ), to 3 5.6 reads T', which Bbāmaha explains as (1, 206-7) to (1. 208-209), to? (1.210), to stating that the Abl. sg. of d-ending nouns in this Prakrit (1.221 ), to a (1.213 ) and to (1.214 ). ller the is formed by addwg the terminations 31. ar. or f. substitutes are also in the traditional order. After slating The ending or is nothing but the base itself with the