Samipya 1993 Vol 10 Ank 03 04

Author(s): Pravinchandra C Parikh, Bhartiben Shelat
Publisher: Bholabhai Jeshingbhai Adhyayan Sanshodhan Vidyabhavan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535789/1

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JOURNAL OF B. J. INSTITUTE OF LEARNING & RESEARCH sApya okaTobara, '93 thI mArca, 1994 vi. saM. 2049, bhAdra (dvi)-vi, saM, ra050, phAguna pustaka 10, aMka 3-4 adhyayana ane saMzodhananuM vaimAsika sa pAke pravINacaMdra ci. parIkha bhAratI kI, zelata sahAyaka saMpAdaka rAmabhAI ThA. sAvaliyA anAnA alaga gujarAta vidyAsabhA bhoLAbhAI jezi'gabhAI adhyayana saMzodhana vidyAbhavana amadAvAda-380 009 ane mAna For Private and Personal Use Only

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lekhakane visati varSamAM cAra aMka bahAra paDe che: eprila-jUna, julAI-sapTembara, oNkaTobara-Dise. ane jAnyuArI-mArcanA lavAjama bhAratamAM : rU. 30/- TapAla kharca sAthe) paradezamAM : yu. esa. e. mATe 6 Dolara (TapAla kharca sAthe) - yuropa ane anya dezo mATe : 2.50 pIMDa (TapAla khAna ) lavAjama mATenuM varSa eprilathI mArca ma.e. patro, lekha, ceka vagere "adhyakSa, be. je. adhyayana-saMzodhana-vidyAbhavana, ha.kA. A kolejanA kampAunDamAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-3800e' e saranAme mokalavA. sAmIpyamAM prakAzita karavA mATe lekhakoe pRSThanI eka ja bAjue zAhIthI suvAcya akSare lakhelA lekha mokalavA vinaMtI che. zakya hoya to leba TAIpa karI mekalavA jarUrI che. gujarAta vidyApIThanA joDaNIkoza pramANenI joDaNI rAkhavI Avazyaka che. lekhanI mULa prata ja mokalavI. lekhanuM lakhANa 3,000 zabdothI vadhu lAMbuM na hevuM joIe. bhAratIya itihAsa, saMskRti, purAtatva ane prAcyavidyAne lagatA koI paNa viSaya parane saMzodhanAtmaka ke ucca kakSAno lekha ja svIkAravAmAM Avaze. lekhake e pANIpamAM saMdarbhagraMthanuM nAma, enA lekhaka ke saMpAdakanuM nAma, AvRti, prakAzanastha vapa vagere vigato darzAvavI Avazyaka che. lekhanI sAthe jarUrI phoTogrApha rekhAMkane vagere mokalavAM Avazyaka che. anyatra pragaTa thavA mokalelAM lakhANa A sAmayika mATe mokalavAM nahI. ahIM pragaTa thatA lebamAM vicAre lekhakanA che. tenI sAthe saMpAdake haMmezA sahamata che ema mAnavuM nahI. sAmayikanAM A lakhANa kopIrAITathI surakSita karavAmAM Ave che. A sAmayikamAM prasiddha thayelA lekha mATe mudrita pRSTha dITha rU. pa/-ne puraskAra temaja emanA lekhanI 10 ephajhisa apAze. gra thAvalokana mATe sUthanI samIkSA karAvavA mATe pustakanI be nakala mokalavI anivArya gaNaze. je pustakanI eka ja nakala maLI haze tenI samIkSAne badale e aMge sAbhAra-svIkAra noMdhamAM enA samAveza karavAmAM Avaze. pustaka samIkSAne yogya che ke kema eno nirNaya saMpAdake karaze. pustakanA samIkSakane rU. 10/-no puraskAra ane emanA avalokananI 10 phaprinTasa tathA emaNe avakana karela graMthanI nakala bheTa apAze. -saMpAke jAherAta A mAsikamAM jAherAta ApavA mATe lakho : saMpAdaka, 'sAmI', bho. je. adhyayanasa zodhana vidyAbhavana, ha. kA. ArTasa kolejanA kapAunDamAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-380008 jAherAtanA dara aMdaranuM pRSTha AkhuM rU. 500/,, ,, ardha rU. 250/AvaraNa , bIju trIju rU. 1,000/, ,, cothuM rU. 2,000/ prakAzaka : DaoN. pravINacaMdra parIkha niyAmaka, bho. je. vidyAbhavana, ha. kA. ATaeNsa koleja kampAunDamAM amadAvAda-380009 prakAzana varSa : mArca, 1995 mudraka ; kriznA prinTarI, harajIbhAI paTela 966, nAraNapurA jUnA gAma amadAvAda-13 * phena : 484393 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sAmayi okaTobara, 3 thI mArca, 1994 vi. saM. 2049 bhAva (hi)-vi. saM. 2050 phAguna 5. 10, aMka 3-4 lekhenI anukramaNikA pRSTha kramAMka 105 112 116 11 - - e 1. an-AryonA Adya vAstuzAstrI mayadAnava kAtilAla ra. dave 2. yAskanI keTalIka vizeSatAo tapasvI nAndI 3. mImAMsaka mUrdhanya kumArika bhaTTa jeThAlAla cho. zAha 4. paMcarAtranA viSka bhakamAM pratIka yojanA kamalezakumAra che. cokasI 5. zrI vallabhAcAryanI puSTibhakti jyakizanadAsa sAdAnI 6. modajanI vAvane apragaTa zilAlekha, pravINacaMdra pArekha vi. saM. 150 bhAratI zelata che. zekha ahamada khaTu garibInA avasAna aMgenI noMdha cAMdabIbI e. zekha 8. sAhitya ane saMzodhana hariprasAda zAstrI hatirAja jagannAthanA mate upamA have rUpakano zAkhadha nIlAMjanA zAha 10. kumArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa jAgRti paMDayA 11. samuccaya alaMkAranA eka udAharaNanI samIkSA pArUla mAMkaDa 12. khaMbhAtanuM mughalakAlIna virala khatapatra vibhUti vi. bhaTTa 13. kAma : dUra tathA najIka : sthaLa nAmanA pariprekSyamAM maNibhAI mIstrI 14. ogaNIsamI sadImAM saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnuM AMdolana esa. vI. jAnI 15. bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna bhUpendra aMbAlAla paTela 16. gujarAtamAM santavANIne vikAsa rameza berAI 17. . je. vidyAbhavanamAM saMgRhIta bAbIvilAsanI apragaTa hastapratano paricaya ramabhAI ThA. sAvaliyA - - - 15 166 17 18 ? citrasuci modaja gAma mahemadAvAda)nI prAcIna vAvane zilAlekha mukha pRSTha 8 bhe. je. vidyAbhavana, ha. kA. ArTasa koleja kampAunDamAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-380009 For Private and Personal Use Only

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anu-AryonA Adya vAstuzAstrI mayadAnava kAntilAla rA. dave vAstudane atharvavedanA upaveda tarIke prApta thayelI pratiSThA ane vaidika sAhityamAM maLatA vizvakarmA, tvaSTA, RkSa, agatya ane vaziSTha vagere zipI-sthapatienA nAme lekhathI bhAratamAM Arya-zilpa sthApatyanI paraMparA hajAra varSa purANI hovAnuM siddha thAya che. ethI ye pUrve, haDappA mohe-jo-daDonA utakhananamAMthI prApta thayela suvikasita nagara racanA ane kalAtmaka zi85-sthApatyanA purAvAothI bhAratamAM prAgU- kALamAM siddhinA zikhare pahoMcelI draviDa athavA an-Arya vAstuvidyAno paNa paricaya prApta thAya che. maya A ana-Arya prAcIna vAstuvidyAnI paraMparAnA prathitayaza pratinidhi che. vedottarakALamAM vidyamAna manAtA AcArya mayano ullekha vizvakarmAnI sAthe ja vedattarakAlIna graMthomAM AdarapUrvaka thayelo jovA maLe che. rAmAyaNa kikiMdhA (51/13), mahAbhArata sabhAparva (1/4), matsya purANa (a. 1ra9-140), vAyupurANa (68/14), bhAgavata purANa (5/24), bRhatsaMhitA (a. 57) tathA mAnasAra, sUtradhAramaMDana vagere vAstuvidyAnA graMthamAM temanAM jIvana ane kAryo viSe aneka ulekha prApta thAya che. pArivArika vigato: mayadAnavanA janma aMge prAcIna sAhityamAM vividha mate pracalita che. mAnasAra anusAra brahmAjInAM cAra mukhamAMthI cAra zipIono prAdurbhAva thayo. te paikI dakSiNa mukhamAMthI bhaya utpanna thayA hatA. eka anya mata mujaba AryonA Adya vAstuzAstrI vizvakarmAnA cAra mAnasaputro paikI maya paNa eka hatA. vividha purANomAM jaNAvyA pramANe teo brahmAsuta dakSa prajApatinI kAzyapane samarpita karAyelI tera kanyAo paikI danu ane kAzyapathI utpanna thayA hatA. danu-kAzyapathI utpanna thayelA dAnavavaMzamAM maya uparAMta zabara, tAraka, vRSaparvA, svarbhAnu, pulomA ane viciti vagerenAM nAmo paNa ullekhanIya che. AcArya caturasena zAstrI mayane asura-guru zukrAcAryanA putra tvaSTAnA putra tarIke oLakhAvI vizvakarmA ane mane abhinna mAne che. mahAbhArata vageremAM maya mATe sthapatinA upAdhisUcaka "vizvakarmA' zabdanA prayogathI 3 saMbhavataH temane Avo bhrama thayo hovAnuM jaNAya che, kAraNa ke vizvakarmA to ATha vasuo paikInA eka prabhAsanA putra ane bhRgu RSinA bhANeja tarIke prasiddha che.* purANamAM prApta vigata anusAra Indrane paNa parezAna karanAra namuci ane zukrAcAryanI saMjIvanI vidyAnA jore dra-azvinaune yuddhamAM paDakAranAra vRSaparva mayanA bhAI hatA. hemA ane raMbhA nAmanI be patnIethI mane dudubhi nAmano putra ane upadAnavI-maMdodarI nAmanI be putrIonI prApti thaI hatI, je paikI maMdodarI rAkSasarAja rAvaNanI sAthe paraNAvavAmAM AvI hatI. rAmAyaNa (ki. 51/13)mAM prApta ullekha anusAra maya zukrAcAryane ziSya hato ane temanI pAsethI teNe vAstuvidyAnuM jJAna ane vAstuvidyAnAM mahattvanAM upakaraNe prApta karyA hatAM. brahmapurANa anusAra che paNa tenI pAse brAhmaNaveze jaIne maitrInuM varadAna mAgyuM hatuM, jene maye svIkAra karyo hate. --* saMskRta vibhAga, saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabha vidyAnagara ana-AryonA Adya vAstuzAstrI mayadAnava] For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAka- kALathI je an-Aya vAstu-paraMparA jovA maLe che, ane jemAM zukrAcArya, prahalAda ane purocana jevA prasiddha vAstuzAstrIe thaI gayA che, te paraMparAne maya eka prathitayazasa pratinidhi hato.5 samaya: maya rAvaNa ane zrIkRSNanA samakAlIna hovAne rAmAyaNa-mahAbhAratamAM prApta ullekhanA AdhAre mane samaya nakkI karavAmAM muzkelI che. "vizvakarmA' e upAdhivAcaka zabdanI jema "maya'ne paNa je upAdhisUcaka zabda mAnIe to eka karatA vadhAre "maya' nAmadhArI sthapatie thaI gayA hovAnuM mAnavuM paDe. mayanA graMthenA AdhAre paNa tene samaya nirdhArita karavAnuM zakya nathI kAraNa ke temAM vAstu ane zipanI atyaMta prAcIna asura paraMparA jaLavAI rahelI che. AthI mane vyAsanI jema vyakti nAma na gaNatAM upAdhi gaNavAnuM ja vadhu yogya che. nivAsasthAna: maya dAnava hato ane dAnavanuM nivAsasthAna ghaNuM kharuM himAlayanA pazcima bhAgano parvata pradeza manAyo che, jyAM kezI, tAraka, namUci, zaMbara, vRSaparvA, bANAsura, hiraNyakazipu ane mane nivAsa hato. kalAsa pAsenA hiraNyazRMga parvata pAse dAnavoe karelA yajJa ane temAM mayanA yogadAnanI vigatonA AdhAre paNa A bAbata siddha thAya che. mahAbhArata, Adi parva (219 35)mAM khAMDavadahana prasaMge indraprastha (AjanA dihI) pAsenA pradezamAM takSaka nAganA nivAsasthAne mayadAnavanI upasthiti "atithi' tarIke ja hovAnI saMbhAvanA che. jIvananA uttarArdhamAM maye pAtALavAsa svIkAryo hovAnuM bhAgavata purANa (5/24/31)nA AdhAre anumAna karI zakAya tema che. mayanAM kAryo : IndraprasthanI sthApanA mATe khAMDavavanadahana prasaMge arjuna ane zrIkRSaNe jIvatadAna ApavAthI upakAravaza banelA mayanA AgrahathI zrIkRSaNe tenI samakSa yudhiSThira mATe "divya asura ane mAnava jagatanI viziSTatAonA samanvaya samI, "pRthvI para jenuM koI anukaraNa na karI zake tevI' sabhA banAvavAno prastAva mUkyo. maye 10,000 hAtha jeTalI bhUmimAM 14 mAsamAM, "traNe lokamAM prasiddha, divya, maNijaDita suMdara ane ajoDa sabhA(gRha)nuM nirmANa karyuM. temAM prayukta ITomAM adbhuta raMgojanAnI caturAInA kAraNe sthaLamAM jaLano ane jaLamAM sthaLane AbhAsa thayo hovAnuM ane duryodhanAdi aneka loko bhramanA zikAra thayA hovAnuM vidvAnonuM mAnavuM che. A sabhAgRha vimAnanA AkAranuM, (sabhA 1/13), parvata jevuM (UMcuM) ane vAdaLa jevuM (gatimAna) tathA svagane vyApIne raheluM (sabhA. 1/23), staMbhonA AdhAra vagaranuM (sabhA. 11/14) tathA 8000 mahAbaLavAna aMtarikSacArI kiMjaro vaDe icachAnusAra eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe laI jaI zakAya tevuM (sabhA. 1/25-26) hovAnA ullekho parathI te koI vizALakAya vimAna hovAnI ja saMbhAvanA vadhAre che. yaMtra sarvasva'nA vRttikAra badhAyana munie "prAcIna vimAnanA AviSkAraka" tathA "vimAna caMdrikA' nAmanA graMthanA kartA tarIke jeno ullekha karyo che te maya mATe A asaMbhavita nathI. alabatta, A sabhAgRhanA varNanamAM Avato sarovara, vRkSo, kamaLa taLAvaDIo ane pakSIono ullekha tene vimAna mAnavAmAM muzkelI UbhI kare che, paraMtu De. sI. ela. zAstrI vagere mAne che tema kavine maya dAnave racelI sabhAnI vilakSaNatA ja batAvavI che, eTale AvI sabhAomAM asAmAnya lAge tevAM prAkRtika do ahIM vadhAre pramANamAM varNavAyA che.' A sabhAgRhanI pUrve maye himAlayamAM dAnanA lagna prasaMge eka ramaNIya ane maNimaya pAtra'nuM nirmANa karyAno ullekha (sabhA, 3/2 mAM) prApta thAya che. mace vRSaparvA pAsethI yauvanAzvanI 9] [ sAmIpya : aikabara, '3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gadA ane varuNane devadatta nAmane zakha meLavIne bhIma-ajunane bheTa ApyAnuM sabhAparva (3/18) jaNAve che. mahAbhAratanA karNaparva (a. 33/3-11) vageremAM maya dvArA tArakAsuranA traNa putro mATe banAvavAmAM AvelAM traNa adabhUta nagarAtripura)no ullekha che. A traNa para saMpUNa bhautika sukha sagavaDavALAM, icchAnusAra svayaM gati karanArAM, yakSa-rAkSasa, nAga Adi jAtio ke zastrothI naSTa na karI zakAya tevAM, brahmavAdIonA pApanA prabhAvathI mukta, suvarNarajata ane lehadhAtumAMthI banAvelAM, 10,000 ce. yojanA kSetraphaLavALAM ane amRtajaLathI yukta vAvavALAM hatAM. pRthvI, AkAza ane svargamAM dhUmanArA A traNa pura amuka cokkasa saMjogomAM avakAzamAM joDAI zakatAM hatAM. A tripura vRttAMtamAMthI atizayoktinA sadhaLA aMze gALI nAkhIe to paNa avakAzamAM svachaMda dhUmanArA, traNa avakAzI mathake ane amuka cokkasa saMjogomAM temanA avakAzamAM paraspara joDANa thavAnI vigata jotAM mane vIsamI sadInA keI mahAna avakAza vijJAnI sAthe sarakhAvavAnuM mana thayA vinA rahetuM nathI. mayanA graMtha: zrI. balarAma zrIvAstave mayaracita nIcenA graMtho ullekha karyo che. (1) maya dIpikA (2) maya--mata (mAyAmata) (3) mayamata pratiSThAtaMtra (4) mayamata-zilpazAstravidhAna (5) maya zAstra (6) mayazilpa (7) maya zi95zataka. A uparAMta zrI prabhAzaMkara somapurAe (1) vAstuzAzva (2) mayavAstuzAstra (3) mayavastu (4) maya zilpazAstra jevA graMthAno ullekha karyo che. zakya che ke zISa kAntare A graMtha kadAca bhinna na paNa hoya. A uparAMta bharadvAjakata "yaMtra sarvasva'nA "vaimAnika prakaraNa paranI badhAyana vRttimAM mayaracita "vimAnacaMdrikA' gAmanA vimAnavidyA viSayaka graMthane paNa ulalekha prApta thAya che. zrI kRSNAjI vinAyakanuM mAnavuM che ke uttara bhAratanA vAstuma vizvakarmAne pramANa mAnIne lakhAyA che to dakSiNa bhAratanA graMtho mayasaMhitAne pramANa mAnIne racAyA che. bahusaMhitA, sUtradhAra maMDana jevA aneka graMtha "mayanA matane AdarapUrvaka vAraMvAra uddhata kare che. maya ane mekisake :- bhAgavata. pu. (5/24/31)mAM nAgaprajAnA nivAsasthAna evA "atala' nAmanA pAtALamAM mayadAnavanI sthiti darzAvAI che. nAgarAja takSaka sAthenI mayanI mitratAno ullekha mahA, Adi mAM khAMDavavanadahana prasaMge prasta thAya che. bhaviSyapurANa (a. 72/57-56)mAM viSNae nAgarAja ana tane pAtALa-rAjya sevA nirdeza che. purANonA spaSTa nidezonA AdhAre nizcita rIte evuM vidhAna karI zakAya ke pAtALa (nAga) loka sAthe Aryone vyavahAra cAlato hato. A badhu jotAM mayadAnavanA pAtALaloka yA nAgalokamAM nivAsanuM anumAna karavAnuM muzkela nathI. A saMdarbhamAM paM. baladeva upAdhyAya3 jaNAve che ke mArI dRSTie pAtALanI oLakha samagra pazcimI gaLAdha sAthe karI zakAya. madhya amerikAnA mukhya pradeza maikisakenI prAcIna saMskRti "yasaMskRti' tarIke vikhyAta che. *, maya asuranAM nirmANa (bhAratamAM te) kevaLa purANonA varco viSaya che. paraMtu maMkisako dezanA maya lekonAM nirmANa Aje paNa vidyamAna che. meMkisakamAM Aje nAgaprajAmAM Astika jAti che, tenA aMtima zAsakanuM nAma "ajaTeka' (=astika) hatuM. Aritaka nAmano nAgarAja jarakArUno putra che ane mahAbhAratamAM tene ulekha janamejayanA bhAvi sarpayajJamAMthI takSakane bacAvanAra tarIke thayelo che. Ama piMkoka nAmane vidvAna lakhe che tema aMgreja jAtinA Agamana anu-AryonA Adya vAstuzAstrI mayadAnava]. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pUve amerikAmAM bhAratIya RSionAM bhramaNanAM mahAna vRttAto ni:saMdigdha ane satya che. zrI 26 nAmanA pAzcAtya vidvAne 5 A saMdarbhamAM kalamena, hADI, skAra, jahIM, beranahatha baeNTa, sara viliyama jansa, selekasa Dela mAra vagere pAzcAtya vidvAnonA mata uddhata karI madhya amerikAnA mekisakAmAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA pracAra-prasAranI bAbata siddha karI che. zakya che ke sadara bhUtakALamAM maya ane enA vaMzajo koI kAraNosara purANanA pAtALaloka evA madhya amerikAnA mekisakomAM jaIne vasyA hoya. A anumAnane e bAbatathI paNa samarthana maLe che ke Aje paNa mekisakane IjanerI vidyAmAM. amerikAmAM sauthI vadhAre kuzaLa manAya che, "maya' zabdanuM apabhraMza thaI "mAyA' zabda banelo che ane Aje paNa mekisakomAM jAti mukhya puruSanA nAma parathI oLakhAya che, e hakIkatane dhyAnamAM laIe te, hajAro varSa pUrve bhAratIya maya ane tenA vaMzajo pAtALabhUmi mekisakomAM jaIne vasyA heya tema na mAnavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI. I. sa. 1856 mAM pakoka nAmanA vidvAne potAnA graMtha "inDiyA Ina grIsa" (pR. 410)mAM siddha karyuM ja che ke prAcIna bhAratIyonA upaniveze yunAna, eziyA, yuropa, AphrikA ane amerikAmAM sthapAyA hatA ja. . A samagra carcAnA aMte e prazna avazya thAya ke maya e etihAsika vyakti haze ke mAtra paurANika pAtra ? AnA uttaramAM ema kahI zakAya ke keTalIka bAbatonI anizcitatA hovA chatAM, paM. baladeva upAdhyAya, 16 vidvAne vAstuvidyAne vizvakama maya Adi prasiddha AcAryone atihAsika vyakti mAne che. zrI. tArApada bhaTTAcArya nAmanA vidvAne te pitAnA "e sTaDI oNpha vAstuvidyA' nAmanA graMthamAM A AcAryo ane temanA graMthonI etihAsikatA siddha karI che. mayanA nAme upalabdha graMtho ane vAstuvidyA viSayaka graMthomAM bhayanA matanA ulekhathI eTaluM to avazya siddha thaI jAya che ke maya nAma ke upanAma dhArI koI AcArya te avazya thaI gayA che. pachI temanA samaya viSe bhale anizcitatA hoya. Aje vidvAnone eka ThIka ThIka moTo varga rAma ane kRSNane aitihAsika vyaktio mAne che tyAre temanA ja samakAlIna, aneka graMthanA racayitA ane suMdara atItamAM TheTha amerikA sudhI pahoMcI jaIne bhAratIya saMskRtinI kIrtigAthA phelAvanAra AcArya mayane atihAsika vyakti na mAnavAnuM koI vAjabI kAraNa rahetuM nathI. pAdaTIpa 1. prabhAzaMkara semapurA (saMpA.), dIpArNava, pAlItANu, 1960, pR. 30 2. rAjendra zamAM saMpAdita, nevAjata "sakuntalA nATaka maMgala prakAzana, jayapura, 1970, pR. 15 3. mada' hi vizvama hai DhAnavAnAM mahAvi: | sabhA. 1/5 4. tavIAiAnA: sarvasiddhivartaH I sua: mAhya vime: hyuslIyaranna vRdaute: 5. jana thAmAM maya'no ajunanA mitra "maNicUDa vidyAdhara' tarIke ullekha prApta thAya che, jeNe kSaNamAM dekhAya ane kSaNamAM na dekhAya tevI bhI tevALI' pAMDavasabhAnI racanA karI hatI. 6. mahAbhArata, sabhAparva, 3/4 7. juo, brahmamuni parivrAjaka saMpAdita, bRhaddhimAnazAstra', navI dilhI, 1959, pR. 10 [anusaMdhAna pa. 111] 92] [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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yAskanI keTalIka vizeSatAo tapasvI nAndI e te suvidita che ke upalabdha " niTu' jevA ghaNA anya "nighaTTae paNa haze ane upalabdha yAskAcAryanA "nirukta' jevAM anya nirukto paNa haze. chatAM, ApaNe mATe hAla e anya sAmagrI anapalabdha che. AthI yAskanI rajuAta ane lakhANa zailImAM je keTalIka vigato jaNAya che tene ApaNe trATa athavA kSati kahevAne badale vizeSatA kahevAnuM ja pasaMda karIzuM kema ke, zakaya che ke zAstrIya lakhANanI je vidvattApUrNa ane rUDha tathA atyaMta cokasAIvALI rajUAta ane lakhANanI zailInA saMskAra je ApaNe keLavyA che evI cIvaTapUrvakanI kaMDArelI, saMdheDA utAra jaDabesalAka zailI yAskanA samayamAM na paNa vikasI heya. vaLI, pANini ane yAskanA pauvAM paya aMge ApaNe chAtI ThokIne vAta karavAnuM mAMDI vALIe te paNa e te nirvivAda che ke yAskanA samayamAM bhASAnI rUkha evI na paNa hoya jenAthI ApaNe pANininA saMskAro sAthe TevAyelA chIe. ane mATe ja niruktamAM-khAsa karIne ahIM adhyAya 1, 2, 4 ane 7 nA saMdarbhamAM-je vigate dhyAnA che tene ApaNe truTio kahevAne badale vizeSatAo ja kahIzu. alabatta yAskakAlIna anya sAhitya sAmagrI upalabdha thAya te ApaNI naidhanI punarvicAraNA karavI paNa paDe. ApaNI tAravaNI nIce mujaba che : (1) (ni. adhyAya 1-prathama pAda) yAska viSayane sIdhe ja upakrama kare che ane noMdhe che ke eka "samApnAya" eka saMgraha, saMkalita karAyo che-samAjanAtaH pachI kahe che : tamima samAnAvuM niva:" ti mAlate 1 ahI svAbhAvika kramamAM ApaNe grantha nAma-jo evuM mAnIe to niTuH" evuM hoI zake. A samAsnAyane 'nivaTu' kahe che. "nidhaTue" e bahuvacanane prayoga thoDe kaThe che. athavA "tanAM samAnAthaM nighATuM mArate evI saraLa vAkaya racanA paNa thaI zakI hota. paNa, yAskanI AvI harakatothI ApaNe TevAvuM paDaze. AgaLa teo noMdhe che : "nighaTavaH lakSmAta ?" tyAM paNa 'nivaTu: mAta? evuM yAska lakhI zakayA hota. (2) tad yAni etAni catvAri padajAtAni nAmAkhyAte ca upasarga nipAtAzva tAni imAni bhavanti / A vAkaya mAnuM che. eka tarapha "nAmAthA?' ema vicanane prayoga che, temAM be prakArano "padajAta" kahetAM padonA varga, ke pada samUhano khyAla che "nAma" prakArano samUha ane "AkhyAta' prakArano samUha. have AgaLa cAlIe, e pramANe bIjA be samUhonA nidezamAM ApaNe upasanitte' evI apekSA rAkhI zakIe. ane kadAca zAstrazailInuM barAbara anusaraNa karAya che ema ja lakhI zakAya. paNa yAska mukta gaganamAM vihAra karatA vAdaLa jevA svataMtra che. temaNe "3ghasanipAtAH ra' ema lakhyuM. "nAmAvalyAne" mAM paNa bahuvacana prayojI zakAyuM heta ! te pachI tAni phuni mavatti' che. pro. rAjavADe paNa noMdhe che ke ahI tAni "' (nivaTava:) mavati evuM vacana hovuM joIe. kadAca vAskanA samayanI lakhANa zailImAM liMga bhedanI ekasAI bahu vajanavALI gaNAtI nahIM hoya. athavA, mAni ne udgAtAni sAthe laIe to vAta adhUrI rahI jAya che. * nivRtta adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, amadAvAda bhAskanI keTalIka vizeSatAo]. For Private and Personal Use Only

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(3) tatra etannAmAkhyAtayola kSaNa pradizanti bhAvapradhAna AkhyAta', sattvamacAnAni nAmAni / ma vidhAnamAM evuM jaNAya che ke nighao ke je potAne mate nAma, AkhyAta, upasarga ane nipAta ema cAra prakAranA che. emanAM lakSaNa ApavAno yAskano upakrama che. have pratijJA evI karI che ke, "Ane (anukrame) nAma ane AkhyAtanuM lakSaNa kahe che"--ane pachI paheluM nAmanuM lakSaNa apAvuM joIe ane pachI AkhyAtanuM ApavAnuM hoya te kramane uvekhIne pahelAM "mAravAnuM lakSaNa bAMdhavAno prayAsa thayo che ane pachI nAmanuM. temAM paNa "mAthAta"no ekavacanI saMdarbhe apAyo che jyAre "nAma'ne bahuvacanI ! (4) e pachInuM vidhAna -tacatra me mAvAne mAtaH | vageremAM je saMdigdhatA rahI jAya che te vidvAnone suvidita che. De. sarUpa ane pro. rAjavADe vageree je bhAre parizramathI samajatI ApI che te stutya che. jyAre dugAcArya ahIM nizAna cUkatA jaNAya che. saMdigdhatA e yAskanI zailInI eka karAmata lekhavI paDaze kema ke ekAdhika sthaLe evuM jovA maLe che, "mUrta samUta savanAmami mAM phakta "nAma:' hota to paNa cAlI zakta-vaLI AkhyAta ane nAmanA sAdhAraNa ane vizeSa ullekhanI yAska carcA kare che tyAM paNa 'aDha: ti ravAnAmuvAH ' e prayoga che. carcA "nAma"nI che. dravyanI nahi. eTale A vigata ApI ja na hota to paNa cAlI jAta. , : (5) e pachI mudrita AvRttiomAM zabdanA nityAyitvanI carcAnA saMdarbhamAM audumbarAyaNane mata ane tenI vizeSa carcA Ave che. je kadAca caturvidhapadanI vAta karyA pachI tarata laI zakAI heta. A aMge Adhunika vidvAnoe yogya UhApoha karyo che. ApaNe ema vicArIzuM ke, A aMza. mULa yAska goThavelA sthAne ja che. phakta eTaluM kahIe ke AvI aniyamitatA athavA rasaLatI zailI e emanI AgavI lAkSaNikatA che. arthAta vyavasthita avyavasthAmAM teo rAce che. (6) A pachI "upasarga' ane "nipAta ne vicAra Ave che paNa upasarganuM lakSaNa bAMdhavAne vAska prayatna karatA nathI. upasargonI vizeSa carcAmAM UtaratA pahelAM temanA vAcakavadyotakatva aMge vimarza teo karI le che. nipAtanuM lakSaNa kahe ke nirbha ratva kahe adhyAya 1 dvitIya pAdanA AraMbhe yAka TAMke che sAthe trividha vagIkaraNa paNa Ape che. nipAta upamAthaka, kamepasaMgrahAthaka ane padapUraka hoya tevuM temane abhipreta che. paNa kadAca vaLI bIjA arthamAM paNa" e cothe prakAra paNa temane abhipreta jaNAya che. jo ke tene temaNe nirdeza Apyo nathI. eTaluM ja nahi paNa "karmopasaMgraha' nipAtanI samajUtI ApyA pachI paNa e samajUtInI bahAra rahe tevA nipAta te vargamAM bhegAbhegI temaNe vicArI lIdhA che (adhyAya 1-3). "va' aMgenI carcA evI rIte karI che ke emanA pitAnA mata viSe saMdigdhatA jevuM rahI ja jAya che? A samagra carcA pachI pharI yAska noMdha Ape che ke A cAra vargonuM nirUpaNa thayu' ti imAni catvAri padajAtAni anukrAntAni nAmAvyAte cApasaga'nipAtAzca / e pachI nAmo AkhyAtamAMthI janmelA che ke nahi e aMgenI rasaprada carcA yAska Ape che. temane zAkaTAyananA mata viSe Adara hoya tevuM jaNAya che. jo ke badhe teo zAkaTAyananA matano eka sarakho Adara karatA nathI. jema ke "satya' padanA nivacananA saMdarbhamAM, A pahelAM eka vigata noMdhavAnI rahI gaI ke upasargonI carcA karyA pachI temaNe noMdha ApI che ke te 3pekSitayA: 'temane jhINavaTathI cakAsIne jevA vicAravA' 'upekSA' zabdane temaNe tenA yaugikArthamAM ja pro che. tene rUDha artha baMdhAyone pahelAM A samaya haze evuM vicArI zakAya. 94] [ sAmIpya: kabara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ma', nAmanAmi: soMrAra: praveziTM: vizvA: praveza: vagere prayAgA yAska peAtAnI pAribhASika rIte kare che, te dhyAnamAM na levAya te nirukta samajavu' muzkela banI jAya. 'co hiMduvA tAt / ' nipAtAnA ATale eka sAmaTA prayAga temanA mijAjane vyaMjita karavA ja thayA che, vyaMjanA zAstramAM pazu kevI kamAla kare che. tenu' A udA. che. Anandavane kAlidAsanA deza vaMtati vRdaLIyavIya': !'mAM nipAtAnI bharamAramAMthI nipajatI vyaMjanA tarapha nirdeza karyAM ja che tenI ahIM jANe pUrvabhUmikA racAya che. adhyAya 1 pacama pAdamAM niruktanI upayeAgitA, tenA mahimAnI carcA yAske upADI che. e saMdarbha'mAM ma`tronA Ana'kaya viSenA kautsanA matane paNa vaNI lIdheA che. prathama adhyAyanA anta sudhI A samagra carcA cAle che. dvitIya adhyAyanA AraMbhamAM yAska pahelA e pAdamAM nivacana aMgenA sUcanA Ape che. tene 'siddhAntA' kahevA na joIe kema ke, nivacananI samagra prakriyA yAska je rIte vicAre che e rIte emane mana e eka jIvanta koSIya vigata DrAya tevu' jaNAya che. emAM je durAgrahanA AgrahanA paNa saddantara abhAvanu valaNu, je flxibility te batAve che e emanA jIvanta rasanu udAharaNa banI rahe che. koI jAtanI jatA ke durAgraha te sevatA nathI. phakta na tu vaeN nivrUyAt "nivacana na karavuM evuM nahi" e Agraha emanI Asakti, lagana ane jIvaMta, rasane paricAyaka bane che. vyAkaraNanI pAMca vRttie paN saMzaya janmAvI zake che. mATe vyAkaraNa zuddhinA pUrvagraha ke durAgraha na rAkhavA evuM kahevAnI himmata te dharAve che. ane e ja batAve che ke bhASA eka living organism sacetana ta Mtra che; te 'vAdevI' che, jIva'ta mUrtimatI che ane tene koI budhane na hAI zake tevuM svIkAravAnI bauddhikatA yAske keLavI che ane evA nikhAlasa abhigamanI ApaNI pAse te apekSA paNa rAkhe che. yAskanA nicananA abhigamanI skaMdasvAmI ane durgAcAya thI mAMDIne preA. sarUpa, rAjavADe, mahendaLe, rAjA, sidhdhezvara bhaTTAcAya, bhATe, pa. vizvezvara, ane anya Adhunika vidvAnee khUba jhINavaTathI karI che. jemAM ApaNA mitro DaeN. rAjendra nANAvaTI, DaoN. e. DI. zAstrI ane DaeN|. vasantakumAra bhaTTe paNu potAnA bahumUlya phALA ApyA che. teA vAta ema che ke, vyAkaraNa pratye kAI beThA anAdara teA nathI ja, paNa vyAkaraNunuM sarvAdhika zAsana je anupANini samayamAM athavA kahA ke ziSTa classical sAhityamAM jaNAya che te temane maMjUra nathI evu' na kahIe paNa svAbhAvika rIte tee tenI bahu paDI rAkhatA jaNAtA nathI. basa AnandathI potAnI ziSyama`DaLI sAthe AzramanA upavaneAmAM vihAra karatAM karatAM koI nivacana hAthamAM le che, tenA udAharaNa rUpe kAI RcA TAMke che. pachI temAM AvatA anya zabdo para paNa dhyAna Ape che. te badhAnu koI jaDabesalAka niyamAvaline dhyAnamAM na rAkhIne ja nirvAMcana kahe che. vaLI paryAye Ape che, e paryAyavAcI zabdanu nivaCcana Ape che, bIjI RcA TAMke che ane ema vidyAvilAsa karatAM karatAM yAda Ave tyAre mULa zabda para AvI jAya che. ane gaNitanA zikSaka jema rItanA e traNa dAkhalA gaNAvI de pachI AkhuM maneyatna peAtAnA DhAMziyAra vidyArthIne havAle karI de e rIte acAnaka jAhera karI de ke leA, A thayAM 21 pRthivInAM nAmeA !'' pachI bhale temAMnA eka ja 'gau' zabdanuM niyana kema na karyuM`` DhAya ! ane A badhuM karate nijAnaMdanI mastImAMthI kayAreya bahAra na Ave! te ni. 1-1mAM 'mA' samajAvatAM 'ava' evA a` Ape che. ghaNIvAra vaizvika yAskanI keTalIka vizeSatA ] [ 95 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zabdane laukika artho ane laukika bhASAnAM udAharaNa paNa teo Ape che. vedanI bhASA ane lekabhASA vaccenuM aMtara, vaccene "DivAIDa' kadAca emanA samayamAM eTalo moTo nahi hoya! vacce vacce nAnI nAnI vArtAo tihAsa paNa kahI bese che! te ApaNe paNa pharI mULa vAta para AvIe. yAskAcArya dUra dUra vihAra karIne yAda Ave tyAre jaNe pUchI le che ke, "hA, bhAI! tyAre ApaNe zI vAta karatA hatA ? mA sAta!" ane mULa nidhanI samajatIna dora pakaDI le e rIte ApaNe pharI emaNe ApelA nivacananA siddhAntonI thoDI ulaTa tapAsa karI laIza te pahelAM kamane svabhAvika rIte neve mUkavAnI temanI vRttine pharI nirdeza karIe ke "sIgna' ane "r" nipAtonI carcAmAM je kamathI nipAtono nirdeza thayo che tene avagaNIne pahelAM "gha' ane pachI "rajU'nI carcA emaNe karI che. A yAska te AlaMkArikAe vicArelA kavi-bhraSTA jevA che, emane emanuM vizva jema phAve tema ghumAvavAnI Adata paDI che. nirvacananA siddhAne kahe ke mArgadarzaka sUcane viSe vidvAnoe je vAta karI che tenAthI te sahu avagata che ja paNa eka navI vAta ApaNe karIzuM. vAska jaNAve che ke, "mathanitya: parIkSeta' sahu evuM samajAve che ane e barAbara ja che ke arthanI nitya parIkSA karavI, arthane kendramAM rAkhavo, atha ja nivacananI mAsTara-kI che. sAdhu. paNa anitya:' e kayA prakArane samAsa yAske karyo e goThavI zakAtuM nathI. hA, pATha sudhAro sUcavI zakAya ke matha:nitya varI leta paNa bAkI jema che tema ghanazyAmaH'nI mAphaka vizeSaNa pUrvapada karmadhAraya laIe, ane tema ja karavuM paDe tema che, te artha je nitya (aMza) ema samajatI ApavI paDe te bese tema nathI. " nityAtha' karIe to "nitya e atha" ema samajAya je prastuta vigata lakhI zakAya nahi. tyAre AvI gammate to yAke ghaNI karI che. ame mAnIe chIe ke ahIM text emendation pATha sudhAra ne avakAza che. vacce eka noMdha rahI gaI; yAskanI mAphaka ja che. te yAda karI laIe. nAma AkhyAnamAMthI jamyAM che. te pakSanA samarthanamAM pUrvapakSanuM khaMDana karatAM pRvInA saMdarbhane ulekha Ave che. pUrva pakSIe kahyuM ke "thanAt kRthivI' evuM samajo cho te koNe pAtharI? pAtharanAro kayAM Ubho hato? javAba e che ke, bhalA mANasa, dekhAvamAM patharAyelI ja che ne !' mULa zabda che. matha hai rana pg': mALitA rejo: ! vAha A "gzu: kayAMthI AvyuM ? strIliMgI vizeSaNa 'pRthvI" thAya. eka ja zvAsamAM vAska 'gyu:" ane "mayitA' ema ubhayaliMgI prayoga karI zake che e majAnI vAta che? have thoDI bIjI TachATonI noMdha tAravIzuM. cothA adhyAyamAM anekArthaka eka zabda -nagamakAThuno prAraMbha thAya che je nirakta adhyAya 4, 5 ane 6 ne AvarI le che. ApaNI noMdha kevaLa adhyAya 4 pUratI sImita rAkhIzuM. yAke "manA:" zabdanA saMdarbhamAM je cA TAMkI che. temAM "atithiH' zabda Ave che. tenuM nivacana A rIte apAyuM che. atitaH dvAna prati "je dharo viSe gayela che. arthAta je grahomAM jAya che. ahI "hAna' puMliga dvitIyA ba. va.nuM rUpa hoya tevuM jaNAya che. ApaNe judALi'thI TevAyelA chIe. TAne || mArA || A zabdonA nirvacanamAM udAharaNa rUpe je RcA uddhata thaI che temAM mAraNya' yAne' evo kama che. yAska e ja kramamAM nirvacana samajAve che. paNa mULa nivamAM [ sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, 93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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upara mujaba kamaphera che. AnAthI vAskanI sAme paDelA nighaTunA racayitA yAska pate nathI evI dalIla durgAcArya kare che. ane Adhunika te doharAve che. paNa evA bIjA pramANa che ke je prastuta nivaccha ane nirakta bane vAskanI racanAo hoya e vAtane puSTa kare che. AthI je upara nidhagsamAM kamabheda jaNAya che tenAthI gabharAvAnI jarUra nathI kema ke ApaNe AgaLa ekAdhika sthaLe sUcavyuM che tema yAska AvI cokasAI na jALavavAnI AdatavALA te che ja, emanI "vyavasthita avyavasthA'nuM A eka vadhArAnuM udAharaNa ane te muLa nivaTu pAThamAMthI ahIM jaIe to maTI takalIpha UbhI thavAnI nathI. vyanAH !' padanA nivacanamAM tenA aneka arthono nirdeza thayo che. te saMdarbhamAM "vI ghAna ge: 3triyAyA:" evuM udA. Ave che. artha che "nniyA' kahetAM gAyanA dUdhane khAo ane pIe. yAska noMdhe che, triA ta AnAnI 'unnavi azva meTI: ' kema ke, emAM aneka bhege vahe che. have meTI:' zabda pu. pra. ba. va. che. enA vizeSaNa rUpe Avatu' "utsAvi7:' pada e strIliMgI zabda "sAviLI'nuM pra. ba. va. che. A beno meLa ApaNe besADI zakIe nahi paNa yAska mATe te e DAbA hAthane khela haze ! "zrAnA:' ane "vA' zabdanAM nirvacana apAyAM che. udA. temAM che-"vAmi tata aramamImi:' tyAM "vANI'ne artha vANI paNa karAyo che. tenA saMdarbhamAM 'garama-marImiH'nI samajUtI apAI nathI. ApaNe "alaMkRtA vANI" vaDe evo artha laI zakIe? "saMvatsara zabdanA nivacananA saMdarbhamAM sAta yunnati va. udA. apAyuM che. vedamAM A sAta kiraNo, sAta nAmavALA azva vagerene miSe karIne ApaNe sAhityazAstramAM pracalita evA sAta prakAranA artho jevA ke, vAcyArtha, yaugikAtha, yogarUDha, rUDhayaugika, tAtparya, lArtha ane vyaMgyAthane videza vAMcI zakIe kharA ? trinAmi cakramAM abhidhA, lakSaNa ane vyaMjana DokiyuM karI zake kharI? astu. sAtamA adhyAyamAM utA vaijJAna: ? e praznanA saMdarbhamAM vistRta carcA Ave che. tyAM -ame mana: vaizvAnaraH zuti rA+pULiH evo saMdarbha Ave che. vAM, "vAvanupAttau ma ta macchanadhana gva" evuM vAMcavA maLe che. bhAva e che ke araNi ghasIne dhULa rUpe grahaNa karavAmAM na Ave tyAM sudhI e agni vaidyutAgni che. grahaNa karAyA pachI te bhautika agni bane che. ahI thAva anaER: evo pATha phera paNa maLe che je vadhAre grAhya che. vAvanapAnaumAM saptamI che je vizeSaNarUpe baMdha bese nahi. A sivAya mULa nidhasTamAM je zabdano ullekha che temAM zabdonI mULa prakRti, athavA prathamAntarU5 athavA maMtramAM prApta vibhakti vacana sAthenuM rUpa ema trividha nirdeza Ave che. tyAM keI niyamanuM cokkasa anusaraNa jaNAtuM nathI. A rIte ApaNe vAskanI rajUAtanI zailIgata vizeSatAone saMdarbhamAM kadAca yAkanA mAnasano paNa paricaya keLavyo hoya to te vadhArAnI phalazruti lakhI zakAya. daivatakA2DanI emanI rajuAta kadAca temane ApaNI jANanA pahelA ayavAdI agnostic tarIke oLakhAve to paNa navAI nahIM pAmavAnI ! yAkinI keTalIka vizeSatAo ] For Private and Personal Use Only

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mImAMsaka mUrdhanya kumArila bhaTTa jeThAlAla che.. zAha, 'Umi'la'* vaizvika sahitAmAM je vicArA khIjarUpamAM vamAna hatA te brAhmaNAmAM ane upaniSadomAM aMkurita banI rahyA ane enA AdhAre cha daCna zAonI racanA thaI. vedanAM satya jovA mATe tema mAhmaNAmAM ane upaniSadomAM ka` ane jJAna aMgenA upadezane spaSTarUpe samAvavA mATe brAhmaNa zAstrakAroe sUtra AkAre bakhza'nA racyAM che. sAMkhya, yAga, nyAya, vaizeSika pUrvamImAMsA ane uttara mImAMsA ema tattvajJAnanAM A cha tA che. A chaye neA vedanA AdhAra le che eTale te Astika darzonA kahevAya che. A cha temAM pUrva'mImAMsA ane uttaramImAMsAmAM zrutine AdhAra vadhu levAye che. zruti eTale vedo brAhmaNNA ane upaniSadeze. pUrva'mImAMsA brAhmaNaprathA para nirbhara che ane brAhmaNeA upaniSadothI pahelAM Ave che ethI enu nAma pU^mImAMsA paDayu che. ane pachInAM upaniSadone Azraya levAthI vedAntane uttara mImAMsA kahevAmAM Ave che. pU mImAMsAnu` khIjuM nAma kama* mImAMsA paNu che. pU mImAMsAnA sa`thI prAcIna graMtha jaiminIya sUtro che. emAM lagabhaga 2500 thI vadhu sUtro che ane te bAra adhyAyeAmAM vibhakta che. ene trIjo, chaThTho ane zcame ema traNa adhyAya sivAyanA dareka adhyAyamAM cAra pAda che. dareka pAdane vaLI adhikaraNA che. zaMkara bhaTTa "mImAMsA sAra saMgraha''mAM adhikaraNAnI sakhyA lagabhaga eka hunnaranI jaNAvI che. e sUtromAM vaidika yajJavidhAnAnI prakriyA ane enI mahattAnuM varSoMna che. yajJa pratipAdaka vAkayonI vyAkhyA kayA prakAre karavI joIe, kayA yajJote kayAre, zA mATe, tema kayA prakAre karavA joI e ene niNya pUrva mImAMsAmAM thayA che. yajJa sa`badhI vyAkhyAomAM paraspara viruddha jevu kAMi dekhAya, kAMI na samajAya evuM hoya te te samajAya evu` karavA emAM saMgati ane sAmaMjasya sthApita karavA jaiminie peAtAne e sUtra graMtha lakhyA che. vaidika yuga pachI darzItAnI utpatti thaI che. vidvAneA sUtra graMthAne Isa. pUrve 600 thI laIne I. sa. pUrve 300 sudhImAM mUke che. jaiminIya sUtreA jUnAmAM jUnAM manAya che. kriyApada ane zabda jUnA vakhatathI mAMDIne upaniSadonA samayapata yajJayAgAdi kriyA athavA tattvajJAnanA viSayAmAM zaMkAspada bAbatAnI carcAnA atha'mAM vaparAtA. I. sa. pUrve 140 pahelAM tenAM satro grathabaddha pazu thaI cUkayAM hatAM. pahelAnA samayanAM keTalAMya zrauta sUtromAM jaiminIya sUtromAMnA tApa niSNu yanA siddhAMtAnA upayAga thayelA spaSTa pratIta thatA heAvAthI paNa tenI prAcInatA siddha thAya che jaiminIya sUtreAnA jUnAmAM jUnA TIkAkAra vRttikAra nAmathI oLakhAya che. zabara peAtAnA bhASyamAM temane vAraMvAra bhagavAna kahIne sAdhe che. AnaMdagiri jevA graMthakAro vRttikAranuM upava` nAma hAvAnu` jaNAve che, paraMtu zAbara bhASyamAM tema kumArila bhaTTanA 'taMtravAttika'mAM vRttikAra ane upavaSa' e enA judA ullekhA karAyA hovAnu paNa spaSTa jaNAya che. temanA vRttigraMtha upalabdha nathI. temanA pachI bhavadAsa bhatumitra ane harinAM nAmeA paNa maLe che, paNu e mAMmIsako ya itihAsamAM nAmazeSa banI rahyA che. mImAMsA mATe Adya prasthAna kahI zakAya evA gra Mtha zakharasvAmInu zAkhara bhASya ja che. emanA e bhASya upara kumArila, prabhAkara, umbeka, zAlikanAtha, pAtha sArathi mizra-AdithI laI te ve'kaTezvara dIkSita sudhInA dhaNA mImAMsakoe graMtha-racanA karI che. mImAMsAmAM prabhAkara ane kumArila bhaTTa mImAMsA darzInanA mukhya vicArakA gaNAya che. e emAM paNa kumAlinA siddhAMta vadhu baLavAna khanI rahyA che * sAhitya, dharma ane tattvajJAnanA abhyAsI--sa`zeAdhaka, sAvalI (vaDodarA) mImAMsaka mUnya kumArila bhaTTa] For Private and Personal Use Only [98

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ane emanI ja paraMparA vadhu cAlI che. bhAratanA sAMskRtika ItihAsamAM mImAMsaka mUrdhanya kumArila bhaTTanuM nAma suvarNAkSare lakhavuM paDe ema che. vidattA pratibhA tema nijI vyaktitva dharAvatA kumArila bhaTTa vastutaH tAnA samayanA yugAntara upasthita karanArA mahApuruSa thaI gayA che. Aje paNa temanA graMthanuM vidyutasamAjamAM ghaNuM UMcuM sthAna che. mImAMsA dazanamAM temanA sidAte bhAdra mata nAme oLakhAya che. ane te siddhAMte mahadaMze temanA pitAnA che. uttara bhAratamAM temaNe ja zaMkarAcArya pahelAM bauddhone parAsta karyA hatA. veda dhamane punaruddhAra vastutaH kumArika bhaTTa ja karyo che. - aneka pramANonA AdhAre kumArika bhaTTano samaya vidvAne sAtamI zatAbdIno prathamAdhe mAne che. esa.pI. paMDitanA abhiprAya pramANe temano samaya I. sa. 190-650 ne che. zaMkaramatAnuyAyiomAM zaMkara ane kumArika bhaTTanA paraspara maLavAnI ghaTanAne vizeSa mahattva apAya che. paraMtu zaMkarAcArya kumArilabhadranuM tuSAgnimAM thayeluM maraNa prayAgamAM joyuM hatuM evI zaMkarAcAryanA keTalAka caritra graMthamAM AvatI vAta kevaLa kalpanA ja che. I. sa. 749 nA zAntarakSite pitAnA tava saMgrahamAM kumArilabhaTTa ane emanA ziSya ukhekane vAraMvAra nirdeza karyo che paNa temaNe zaMkarAcAryane ullekha karyo nathI. vastutaH kumArilabhaTTa zaMkarAcArya karatAM 150thI 200 varSa prAcIna hovAnuM pratIta thAya che. I. sa. 788 0nA zaMkarAcAryanA jIvana sAthe kumArilabhadrane samaya koIpaNa rIte baMdha besatA nathI. gagAnAtha jhAnA matAnusAra kumArikane samaya 60 0-660no che. tibeTI itihAsa lekhaka prasiddha tArAnAtha kumArine tibeTamAM I.sa 627 thI 650 sudhI rAjya karanAra sAheMgasAna gAmyonA samakAlIna hovAnuM jaNAve che. tibeTI anubhUti anusAra kumArika ane I. sa. 650 sudhInA dhamakIti nAlaMdA vidyApIThanA adhyakSa AcArya dhamapAlanA ziSya hatA ane dhamapAla pachI nAlaMdAnA adhyakSa banelA AcArya zIlabhadranA sahAdhyAyI hatA. kumAlibhadranA jIvananI ghaTanAone vizeSa rUpe paricaya prApta thato nathI. temanA janmasthAna aMge paNa sAdhanane abhAve nizcitarUpe kazuM kahI zakAya ema nathI. tibeTI lekhaka tArAnAthanA kathanAnusAra teo dakSiNa bhAratanA cUDAmaNi rAjyanI aMtargata trimalaya nAmanA sthAnamAM utpanna thayelA bauddha paMDita dhamakIti'nA saMbaMdhI hatA. e cUDAmaNi rAjya saMbhavataH coladezane kahetA haze. A rIte te kumArine dakSiNa bhAratanA nivAsI gaNavA paDe, paraMtu bhAratIya paraMparA AthI viparIta vAta kahe che. AnaMdagirinA zaMkara digvijayanA ullekha pramANe kumArika bhaTTa udaga dezathI AvIne duSTa matAvalaMbI jeno tema bauddhone parAsta karyA hatA. udagadeza paMjAba ane kAzmIra pradezane mAnavAmAM Ave che. A ulekha pramANe kumArika uttara bhAratanA nivAsI hovA joIe, vaLI mImAMsaka zAlikanAthe emane ulekha vAtikakAra mizra nAmathI karyo che. A mizra upAdhi uttara bhAratanA brAhmaNonAM nAma sAthe saMbaMdha hovAnuM sUcave che. ethI paNa kumArine uttara bhAratanA nivAsI mAnavA yuktisaMgata pratIta thAya che. mithilA pradezamAM vaLI janazrati che ke kumArika maithila brAhmaNa hatA. A saMbhavita to che paNa e mATe pramANono abhAva che. - kumArinanA jIvanavRtta aMge tArAnAthe karelA ullekho hai. satISacaMdra vidyAbhUSaNe pitAnA hisTrI aipha iniyana lejhIka (pR. 303-30 6) mAM noMdhyA che. tArAnAthanA kathanAnusAra kumArila bhaTTa sukhI gRhastha hatA. dhanadhAnyathI samRddha hatA. emane tyAM 500 dAsa ane 500 dAsIo hatAM. cUDAmaNi pradezane temanI mAnamaryAdA sAcavatA. temanI sAthe boddha darzananA prasiddha AcAryo dhamakIrtAie karelA zAstrArthanI ane emAM parAjita banI rahetAM kumArila bhaTTa baddha dharmane svIkAra karyAnI vAta tArA [sAmI : eNkabara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nAthe jarA vistArathI varSoMdhI che. dha kIrtti" trimalayanA nivAsI hatA. temanA pitAnuM nAma karuna khatAvAyuM che. teo brAhmaNa hovAM chatAM vaidika dhama prati te zraddhAhIna hatA. bauddha dhama prati vadhu zrA jAgatAM teo nAlaMdA gayA hatA ane te vakhatanA nAladA vizvavidyAlayanA pIDha sthavira zrI dhama pAlanI nikaTa rahIne temaNe samasta bauddha zAstronuM vizeSata: nyAyazAstranuM vidhivat adhyayana karyu hatu.. bauddha graMthothI pratIta thAya che tema e pachI brAhmaNu dAtAnA rahasyothI jJAta banI rahevA mATe te te vakhatanA vaidika dharmAMnA sarvazreSTha vidrAna gaNAtA zrI kumArila bhaTTane tyAM gayA. ane nAma badalIne paricArakanA veze temanA gharamAM ja rahIne adhyayana karavA lAgyA. tIvra buddhi evA e dhamakIttie TUMka samayamAM ja vaidika danAnA rahasyAmAM pravINutA prApta karI lIdhI ane pachI potAnA mULa bauddha svarUpe pragaTa thaIne temaNe gurukumArila bhaTTane zAstranuM AvAhana ApyuM. emanI sAthenA e zAstrAmAM kumArila bhaTTa parAsta khanI rahyA ane pachI potAnA 500 ziSyA sAthe temaNe bauddha dharmAMtA svIkAra karyAM. bauddha graMthAmAM Avu varNana che, paNa enI puSTi bhAratIya prathAthI thatI nathI. bhAratIya gra MthA dvArA teA ethI avaLI vAta jANavA maLe che. koIpaNa zAstranuM khaMDana karavuM hoya teA e zAstranAM rahasyA jANI levAM Avazyaka che. maNimaMjarI (saga` 5 zlArke 37 thI 31) graMthathI tema zrI mAdhavAcArya kRta manAtA za Mkara digvijaya graMthathI teA sUcita thAya che ke kumArila bhanaeN ja bauddha darzananuM yathA jJAna prApta karavAne mATe bauddha bhikSu banI koI bauddha AcAya pAse bauddha zAstranu` adhyayana karyuM hatuM. za`karadigvijayanA kartAe teA e bauddha bhikSunuM nAma ApyuM nathI paNu bauddha InanA itihAsathI jAya che ke e samaye dharmsapAla (I.sa-600-635) nAmanA bauddhAcAyanI kIti khUba prasarI hatI te bauddha dharmAMnI pradhAna vidyApITha evA nAlaMdA vidyAlayanA adhyakSa hatA. svayaM vijJAnavAdI hatA. paraMtu yeAgAyAra ane zUnyavAdanA pazu te pAra'gata AcAya gaNAtA hAI e aMgenA prasiddha graMthA upara temaNe TIkA paNa lakhI che. vasubanA 'vijJaptimAtratAsiddhi'graMtha upara paNa temaNe vyAkhyAgraMtha lakhyA, che. A devanA prasiddha zUnyavAdI graMtha zatazAstra' upara paNa temaNe zatazAstra vaipulya bhASya' nAmaka pAMDityapUNu bhASyagraMtha lakhyA che. Ama kumArila bhaTTa A samatha bauddhAcAya dhama pAla pAsenI bauddhadaCnanu adhyayana karyu hAvAnuM pratIta thAya che. zakarAcAya` viSayaka vizeSa jJAna mAdhava bhaTTanA zakaradigvijaya graMthamAM maLe che te pramANe kumArilabhaTTa a MgenI vizeSa mAhitI paNa e graMthamAM ja upalabdha che. e graMthanA kartA danazAstranA viziSTa vidvAna hovAnuM jaNAya che. paraparA mujama vidyAraNya svAmI tarIke prasiddha evA gRhasthAzrama vakhatanA paMcadazI ityAdi bRhatkAya prathAnA kartA zrImad mAdhavAcA` A graMthanA paNa karyAM hAvAnuM manAya che. paraMtu vizeSa anuzIlana karatAM e mAnyatA ucita pratIta thatI nathI. A kAvya graMthamAM aneka pratihAsa viruddha ghaTanAe AlekhAI che. A saMbaMdhamAM atre anyatra vicAra karyAM hAI atre eTaluM ja kahIzuM ke mAdhavAcAryAM jevA sazAstravettA sama` vidvAna evI bhUlo na ja kare. e gra MthamAM ApelA kumArila bhaTTanA jIvanavRttamAM anuzrutinuM prAbalya dhaNuM che. paraMtu kumArilanI vidvatA, pratibhA tema vyaktitva mATe e graMtha ja vadhu upayAgI che. emAM jaNAvyA mujaba prayAgamAM eka vedapAThI vidvAna brAhmaNane tyAM kumArilaneA janma thayA hatA. emanuM mULa nAma subrahmaNya hatuM. prAthamika zikSaNa temaNe pita pAse ja lIdhu' ane pachI vadhu adhyayana aMge tee kAzI gayA. kuzAgra buddhivALA kumArila TUMka samayamAM ja eka majJa ane vAdapaTu vidvAna banI rahyA. adhyayana daramiyAna temaNe vAraMvAra anubhavyu` hatu` ke vedavidyAnA vidvA tathA emanA ziSyAne prabala banI rahelA auddo taraphanI ghaNI kanaDagata thatI hatI. eka divasa teo kAzInI eka galImAMthI jaI rathA hatA tyAre tyAMnA eka makAnanA jharukhAmAMthI temane rAjakumArI 100] sAmIpTa : oNkaTobara, '95-mArca, 1995 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vedavratAnA vaidika dharmanI durdazA mATe sUcaka evA zabdovALe ka kaNuM gocara thayuM. temaNe sAMbhaLyuM. nAgnihotra zrute?So nAcAro vedabodhitaH kramAbhihanta ki 'brUmaH kAvedAnuddhariSyatiH / A sAMbhaLatAM ja brahmacArI subramaNyanuM hRdaya bharAI AvyuM tarata ja temaNe uttara vALya. mAzucovadha sediSTayA bhadrebhadra va vastava eSakaumArilonAma vedAnuddhatu mudyataH A pramANe rAjakumArI samakSa temaNe vedono uddhAra karavAnI pratijJA lIdhI ane pachI te temanuM adhyayana vadhu pragADha banI rahyuM. bauddho sAthe avAranavAra vAdavivAda karatAM subrahmaNyane lAgyuM ke bauddho sAme sArI rIte TakI zakAya ema nathI. tarata ja teo bihAra gayA ane vinamrapaNe A dhamapAla dvArA temaNe bauddha darzananuM adhyayana zarU karI dIdhuM te vakhate temaNe pitAnuM mULa subrahmaNya nAma badalI kumArila nAma dhAraNa karyuM hovAnuM jaNAya che. eka divasa AcArya dhamapAla vedadhamanI sakhata niMdA karavA lAgyA. A niMdA sAMbhaLatAM vaidika dhamI kumArika kazuM bolyA to nahIM paNa temanI AMkhomAM AMsu ubharAyAM. pAse beThelA bauddha bhikSue e joIne AcAryanuM dhyAna e tarapha AkRSTa kayu. AcArya samajI gayA ke A keI vedapAThI brAhmaNa che ane bauddha darzananA rahasyothI jJAta banI rahevA ja Ama gupta rIte adhyayana kare che. pUchavAthI kumArile pitAno sAro paricaya Apyo. 2STa banelA AcArye temane dUra karavAno Adeza Apyo. paraMtu dharmA dha bauddha bhikSuoe kumArine chata uparathI nIce pADI nAkhyo. sabhAme kumArila bacI gayA ane temaNe gurune zAstrArthanuM AhavAna ApyuM. samartha vidvAna banI rahelA kumArile temane parAsta karyA. kumArikanA A vijayathI temanI vidvattAno ghA prabhAva paDavo. temaNe bauddha dazananA saMskRta graMtha upara pAlimAM lakhAyelA graMthonuM paNa adhyayana karyuM hatuM. teo vaidika darzanamAM to pAraMgata hatA ja ane A rIte vipakSI darzananA samartha jJAtA banI rahyA pachI temaNe divijaya mATe yAtrA AraMbhI. pahelAM uttara bhAratanA bauddhone parAsta karI pachI teo dakSiNa pradezamAM gayA. dakSiNa bhAratanA karNATaka pradezamAM te vakhate sudhanvA nAmano rAjA rAjya karato hato. e pradezamAM te vakhate bauddhadharma tema jana dhamanI bolabAlA hatI. rAjA nyAyaparAyaNa tema sarvadharmo pratye sahAnubhUti dharAvato hovA chatAM jaina mata prati te vadhu zraddhALu hato. enI rANI dharmAnuyAyI hatI. kumArika bhare zAstrArtha dvArA jaina vidvAnone parAsta karyA ane e pradezamAM vaidika dharmanI mahattA punaH prasthApita karI. temanA samayamAM jaina vidvAne karatAM bauddha viThAne vaidika dharma mATe vadhu Akramaka banI rahyA hatA. paNa vyApaka pAMDityavALA kumArila bhaTTa te vividha dazanuM gADha adhyayana karyuM hatuM. vadhu gauravabharI hakIkata to e hatI ke temaNe te mULa pAli tripiTakane 5NuM pUro paricaya prApta karI lIdho hato. eTale emanI sAthenA zAstrArthamAM bauddha 5 Dito chevaTe parAsta banI rahetA. vaidika karmakASThane daDhapaNe punaH sthApita karIne kumArila bhaje pitAnI je svataMtra gaNAya evI paraMparA calAvI che te Aje paNa akSuNya rIte vidyamAna che. zrI kumArila bhaTTa zabara svAmInA mImAMsA bhASya para je TIkA lakhI che te vAstika nAmathI prakhyAta che ane te traNa bhAgamAM vibhakta che. mImAMsAnA AdhAra staMbha AvA e traNa vRttimaMthanAM nAma leka vAttika, taMtra vArSika ane hRpaTIkA che. emAM (1) zloka vAttika graMthamAM 3099 zloko che ane temAM prathama adhyAyanA prathamapAdatapAdanI vyAkhyA che (2) taMtravAttika A graMthamAM prathama adhyAyanA bIja pAthI laIne trIjA adhyAya sudhInI gadyamaya vyAkhyA che ane (3) TUMpaTIkA-A graMthamAM aMtima nava adhyAyanI saMkSipta TIkA ApavAmAM AvI che. mImAMsaka mUrdhanya kumArika bhaTTI [101 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAMDityanI dRSTie prathama e vAtti asAdhAraNu gaNAya evAM che. emAM bauddhonA siddhAMtAnI vizeSataH kriDinAganA pramANusamuccayanI vidvattAbharI samIkSA karIne pachI kumArila bhaTTa mImAMsA darzananA mAnya siddhAMtAnI yathArthatA pradarzita karI che. kRSNadevanA taMtracUDAmaNi graMthamAM kumArilanI anya e TIkAonA ullekha maLe che. emAM ekanuM nAma bRhaTIkA che ane khIjI TIkAnu` nAma madhyamaTIkA che. tatravArttika e bRhattIkAne saMkSepa manAya che paNa e e TIkAe haju sudhI upalabdha thaI nathI. A TIkAmatha uparAMta kumArila bhaTTa 'mAnava kalpasUtra' upara paNa eka TIkAmatha lakhyA haiAvAnu jaNAya che. e TIkAnA keTaleka a`za I. sa. 1867 mAM DA gAlDasphukare la'DanathI pragaTa karyA hatA. kumArila bhaTTanA graMthAthI temanu` bhASAjJAna atyaMta vistRta tathA vyApaka hAvAnu jaNAya che. tatra vAttikamAM temaNe bhASAnA be bhedo darzAvyA che (1) ArTsanI bhASA ane (2) mlecchAnI bhASA. AryAMnuM nivAsasthAna AryAva` mAnyu che. kumArila drAviDI yA tamiLa bhASAthI paNa paricita hAvAnu jAya che. peAtAnA graMthamAM temaNe pArasI khabaCr yavana rAma Adi bhASAonA nAmeAlekha karyAM che kumArilanu` prAkRtAnu jJAna paNu AdaraNIya che. lATa dezanI bhASAthI paNa teo paricita hatA. zloka vArtikamAM temaNe lakhyuM che. nahi dvArazabdasya sthAne lATabhASA to'nyatra vArazabdo dRzyate / eTale ke lATa bhASA sivAya anya kaI bhASAmAM "vAra" zabdanuM "dvAra" zabdanA rUpamAM parivartana catuM nathI. kumArikSa bhaTTanA aneka ziSyAmAM traNa mukhya che (1) maMDanamizra (2) umbeka ane (3) prabhAra. emAM (1) sa`ta Mtra svataMtra evA maMDanamitra bhAratanA eka bahuzruta pratibhAsa'panna vidvAna gaNAya che. kumArilanA matane anusarIne maMDanamiko vidhiviveka, bhAvanAviveka ane vizvamaviveka tathA mImAMsA, sUtrAnukramaNi nAmanA graMthA lakhyA che. emanA prathama graMtha vidhiviveka upara prasiddha vedAntI sa-taMtra svataMtra evA vAcaspati mitre "nyAya kaNikA' nAmanI TIkA ane zabdoSa viSayaka tattvavantunI racanA karI che. (2) ummeka- have te sapramANu siddha thaI cUkayu` che ke mAlatImAdhava Adi prasiddha nATakonA kartA bhavabhUti ummeka nAmathI paNa prasiddha hatA. kumArikSa bhaTTanA zleAkavAtti'ka graMtha upara temaNe ja sarvaprathama "tAyaTIkA' nAmaka TIkAmatha lakhIne vAttikanAM rahasyAnuM udghATana karyuM' che, e graMtha sphaoNTavAda sudhI ja che. zeSa TIkAnI pUti' kumArilanA putra manAtA yamitre karI che. guNurane te tarka rahasyadIpikA (pR. 20)mAM lakhyu che ke ummedAriAM vetti. ummeka zloka vAttikanA tarka marmIna vijJAna manAya che. ma`DanamizranA bhAvanA-viveka upara paNa temaNe TIkA lakhI che. ane te kAzIthI sarasvatI bhavana sirijhamAM pragaTa thaI che. (3) prabhAkara- mImAMsAzAstramAM kumArila bhaTTanA matanI jema guru mata nAmathI navIna matane janma ApanAra prabhAkarane sa`pradAyamAM kumArilanA ziSya hAvAnu` mAnavAmAM Ave che. paNa prabhAkara ane kumArilanA siddhAMtAnA tulanAtmaka adhyayana dvArA have manAya che ke prabhAkara kumArilanA ziSya nahIM paraMtu emanA pahelAMnA mImAMsaka hatA. kumArila bhaTTa zAbara bhASyane akSarazaH anusaratA nathI ane svataMtra vicAra| rzAve che, jyAre prabhAkara mULa sutro tema bhASyane pUrA vaphAdAra che. temaNe zAbara bhASya upara bRhatI yA niSkandhama ane lI yA vivaraNu ema be TIkAo lakhI che. mULa mImAMsAnAM viziSTa lakSAne prabhAkare 102) [sAmIpya : AkaTobara, '93-mA',-1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vadhu sArI rIte jALavyAM hovAnuM jaNAya che. Ama hovA chatAM temanI paraMparA vadhu cAlI nathI. kumArikanA vicAro ja vadhu baLavAna banI rahIne TakI rahyA che. bhAdR matanA anya AcAryomAM pArtha sArathimizra (12muM zataka), mAdhavAcArya (14muM zataka) ane maDadeva (17muM zataka) pitA potAnI graMthasaMpatti tathA vivecana paddhatine kAraNe mImAMsaka mUrdhanya gaNAya che. pArtha sArathimi bhATa matanA siddhAMtone puSTa karavA mATe takaratna, nyAyaratnAkara ane prameya bahula temaja prasiddha graMtha zAstra dIpikA ema cAra graMthanI racanA karI che. mAdhavAcAye mImAMsAnAM adhikAraNene grahaNa karI nyAyamAlAvistAra nAmanA graMtha racyo che ane bhAdRmatamAM navyamatanA uddabhAvaka gaNAtA khaMDadevamitre bhAda kaustubha, bhATTa dIpikA ane bhATuM rahasya nAmanA graMthanI racanA karI kumArikanA matAne vizadapaNe samajAvyA che. soLamA saikAmAM thayelA kerala dezanA nArAyaNe mAnamedaya graMthamAM kumArikanA siddhAMtanuM sarasa nirUpaNa karyuM che. tema nArAyaNa tIrthamuninA bhaTTa-bhASA-prakAzamAM paNa kumArikanI paribhASAne prakAza che. zrI kumArila bhaTTa vastuta: akarmaNyatAnI viruddha puruSArtha pradhAna karmamaya dhamano ja upadeza Apyo che. ane e jagatanA dhArmika ItihAsamAM apratIma che. jagatane mithyA darzAvIne kevala duHkhamaya darzAvIne enA tarapha napharatabharI daSTithI jovAvALA dharmone kAraNe dezamAM akarmaNyatA vadhI rahI hatI te paristhitimAM varasvA' mAvata: cheH parama dhAtha no saMdeza kumArila bhaTa te pAThavyuM che. gauDapAdAcAyanA jagatamithyAtvanA siddhAMtane tathA bauddhonA zUnyavAda, ajAtavAda yA vijJAnavAda ne asiha karavA mATe kumArila bhaTTa "badhuM satya che, kazuM asatya yA mithyA nathI" evI prabaLapaNe ubaNA karI hatI. ane pitAnA tarko dvArA potAnI e vAta siddha paNa karI hatI. satya ja evo anubhava che ke je pote ja potAnuM yogya pramANa che. kumArika bhaTTanA mata pramANe pramA athavA yogya jJAnanA sava Ugamone AMtarika yathArthatA rahI che. je zakti svayaM asti. tvamAM nathI tene koI anya dvArA astitvamAM lAvI zakAtI nathI. jJAnanAM sAdhanomAM indriyo anumAnanI saMjJAo tema tenA jevAM sAdhano hoya paraMtu e svayaM viSayone pragaTa kare che ane tenI yathArthatAne e rajU kare che. pratyeka jJAna satya hoya che. smRti doSanA kAraNe thatA bhramane paNa kumArika abhAvAtmaka mAnatA nathI. eka vastu bIjI vastu tarIke jovAya, rajajumAM saMpa jovAya emAM paNa banenuM astitva to che ja. rajaju A sthaLe che te sarpa anya sthaLe che. sapa paNa che to ja eno rajajumAM bhrama thAya che. bhrama thavAnuM kAraNa viSayo nathI paNa indriyo bhUla kare che e aMge thatA mithyA saMgane laIne evo bhrama thAya che. kumArila evA bhramamAM AMtarika evo deSa svIkAre che. jJAna prayena kamAlinuM valaNa mukhyatve taTastha ane zAstrIya che. jJAna hamezAM potAnAthI svataMtra evA viSayanI hastI sUcave che. rajaju-sapanA udAharaNamAM bhale pratyakSa nathI tema chatAM ene asata ke kalpita mAnI zakAya nahIM. sapa-smaraNa pUrvAnubhavanA paDelA saMskAra para AdhAra rAkhe che. ane chevaTe to te pitAnA AkAra jevA bAhya viSayane sUcavI de che. evuM eka paNa jJAna nathI je potAnAthI bAhya ane pitAnA jevA viSayane na nidezatuM hoya. sarpa ahI' ane A samaye pratyakSa na hovA chatAM tene anubhava te pUrve thayela hovo ja joIe, kema ke e vinA te sUtra ane sa5nI kalpanA zakya ja na bane. kamATila bhadane A viparIta khyAtivAda che. viparIta khyAtine zabdArtha che anya rUpe bhAsavuM yA dekhAvuM. nyAya vaizeSika ane pagamAM vigatonI bAbatamAM bheda hAIne paNa viparIta khyAtine svIkAra che. mImAMsaka mUrdhanya kumArika bha] [13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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hi'da tattvajJAnanA khetihAsamAM thaI gayelA aneka vidvAneAmAM samatha ane mukhya prava`kane gaNAvAya evA vidvAnAnI sakhyA ochI nathI kumArila bhaTTa paNa evA ja eka yuga pravartaka vidvAna thaI gayA che. mImAMsA namAM te temanA samayane kumArila yuga nAma ApavuM eja samucita che. mImAMsAmAM te temanA jevA prakANDa vidvAna anya koI thayA nathI. mImAMsA nanI jJAnamImAMsA, tattvamImAMsA tema AcAra mImAMsA aMgenA sava` siddhAMtAnu kumArila bhaTTa potAnA vidbhAgya TIkA-gra MtheAmAM vizada paNuM vivaraNa kare che. taduparAMta emanA peAtAnA ja gaNAya evA paNa ghaNA siddhAMtA temaNe mImAMsAmAM pracalita karyAM che, ane te baLavAna hovAthI TakI rahyA che. temanA keTalAka siddhAMtA tenA anya daOnakArAe paNa peAtAnA 'tAmAM AvarI lIdhA che. mULa mImAMsAmAM pratyakSa anumAna ane zabda e traNa pramANa manAtAM, prabhAkare emAM upamAna ane arthapatti ema be pramANA umeryAM ane svIkArAyAM paNu kharAM. kumArila bhaTTa e pAMca prama NAmAM chaThThA pramANu tarIke anupalabdhi yA abhAvanA umere karyAM. prabhAkarane e grAhya na lAgyuM paNu enA sivAyanA mImAMsakoe ene AvakArI lIdhuM eTaluM ja naDDI paNa mImAMsAnA virodhI evA zaMkaramatamAM paNa enA svIkAra thayA. kumArila bhaTTanI vyavahArika mAnyatAAto pazu vedAntamAM svIkAra thayA che. kahevAyu` che ke vyavahAre mAnayaH eTale ke vyavahAramAM bhATTa matanA siddhAMtAtA svIkAra che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir mImAMsA namAM kumArilanA matAnuyAyIonu` ja adhika sAhitya upalabdha che. prakhara vedyantI pa'caMdrathI Adi vedAntanA bRhatkAya graMthAnA sarjaka mAdhavAcAryAM paNa emaNe peAtAnA nyAyamAlAvistara madhamAM kumArila maTTanA matane avala'khIte rajU karelI mImAMsA aMgenI vivecana paddhatine kAraNe mImAMsA mUrdhanya gaNAya evA che. 104] hiMdamAMthI bauddha dharmAMtA lApa thavAnAM je ghaNAM kAraNA che emAM kumArikSa bhaTTa karelA zAstra emAM meLavelA vijayA paNa eka mahattvanuM kAraNa che tema temanA samayanA dhamakItti jevA prakhara bauddha vidvAna sAme TakI rahevu tema svasidghAMtanu maDaeNna karavuM e ramata vAta na hatI. bauddho sAmenA vAyuddhanu prathama maMDANu kumAri la bhaTTanu ja che. [sAmIpya : AkaTobara,-'93-mArca', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paMcarAtranA vikaMlakamAM pratIka rojanA - - kamalezakumAra che. coksI paMcarAtranuM samaya viSaya vastu ajoDa che, kema ke AkhAya saMskRta sAhityamAM bahu prasiddha ane prabhAvaka evuM mahAbhArata yuddha ahI' thatuM nathI. enI kathAvastu Ama che :- duryodhana eka yajJa race che. guru droNu e yajJanA AcArya banyA che. yajJa pUro thatAM droNAcArya dakSiNa tarIke pAMDavone emane bhAga ApavAno prastAva duryodhana samakSa mUke che. yajJa thakI pavitrAmA banele duryodhana mAmA zakuninI salAhathI pAMca rAtriomAM pAMDavonI bhALa maLe, e zarate Ane svIkAra kare che. pAMca rAtrio pUrI thAya e pahelAM ja virATanagaramAM pAMDavonI hAjarI che, evI pratIti thatAM duryodhana pAMDavone emano bhAga ApavAnI jAherAta kare che. ane AkhIya kathAno sukhada anta Ave che. . ahIM kaurava-pAMDanuM mahAbhArata prasiddha ItivRtta pRSThabhUmimAM rahyuM che. pAMca rAtriomAM pAMDavonI bhALa meLavI levAya e mATe mahAbhArata prasiddha virATaparvane virATanI gAye hAMkI lAvavAne prasaMga ahIM keTalAka sAmAnya pheraphAra sAthe mUkAyo che. eka bAju kavi bhAsa sAhasa ane krAti pUrvaka AnuM kathAnaka ghaDe che, to bIjI bAju AmAM varNana ane saMvAdonuM paNa vizeSa gaNatarIpUrvakanuM Ayojana kare che. kAvyanA be bhedo paikI dazyakAvyamAM bhAvakavargane dhAradAra saMvAdonI ane zravyakAvyamAM kalAtmaka varNananI apekSA rahetI hoya che. eTale dazyakAvyano kavi saMvAda parata ane zravyakAvya kavi vana paratve pitAnI pratibhA khace e svAbhAvika che. paranta bhAsa khAsa karIne "paMcarAtra'nA saMdarbhamAM eka viziSTa prakAranA kavi prasthApita thayA che. nATayakAra hovAthI saMvAda mATe emanI pAse apekSA rahe, paNa emaNe te A paMcarAtra'mAM bahu ja kalAtmaka varNane ApI, e apekSA paNa pUrI karI che. ' "paMcarAtramAM traNeya aMkamAM je varNana che, temAM prathama aMkamAMnu yajJanuM ane bIjA ane trIjA aMkamAM chUTA-chavAyA prasaMgamAM AvatuM yuddhanuM varNana mukhya che. yuddhanA varNanamAM kavi svataMtra nathI. kemake pravatita yuddhamAM je ghaTanAo banI, e paikI je rItanA varNana thakI kathA pravAha AgaLa vadhI zake. athavA to koI pAtranuM Alekhana bAMdhI zakAya ema haya, te mujabanA varNane ahIM apAyA che. paraMtu prathama aMkamAM "sthApanA' pachI mUkelA viSka bhakamAM je yajJa saMbaMdhI varNana che, tenAthI AgaLanA mukhya kathAnaka upara keI lAbha ke asara paDavAnI nathI. eTale tyAM kavie svataMtra ane abhISTa rIte pitAnI pratibhA yojI che, pariNAme A varNanamAM bhAre camatkRti anubhavI zakAya che. ahIM ApaNe e camatkRti anubhavIe, e pahelAM eka vAta dhyAna upara laIe ke paMcarAtrane A Akheya viSkabhaka aneka rIte kSatipUrNa manAya che. jemake : * zrI zevaDe gurujI TrasTa ane saMskRta vibhAga, bhASA sAhityabhavana, guja. yuni. dvArA Ayojita ' bhAsa-parisaMvAda (tA. 29-30 navembara 94)mAM vaMcAyela nibaMdha. * vyAkhyAtA, saMskRta vibhAga, bhASA sAhityabhavana, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, amadAvAda, paMcarAtranA viSkalamAM pratIkajanA ] [105 For Private and Personal Use Only

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1. A viSka bhakamAM AvatuM AganuM varNana bahu vistRta che. ethI sahayone anubhavAtA rasamAM avarodha UbhuM thAya ema che. 2. ahI AganI garamI, bhUmimAM nIce sudhI prasarI jatAM eka ja daramAMthI sApa nIkaLatA varNavyA che. evuM mAnIe ke Agane lIdhe sApanuM nIkaLavuM e svAbhAvika hoI zake, paNa vadhAre ke ochA nahI paraMtu pUrA pAMca sApanuM nIkaLavuM, e khUba ja asvAbhAvika lAge che. 3. vikabhakanA AraMbhamAM ja raMgamaMca upara AvelA pelA brAhmaNe kururAjanI yajJasamRddhino khyAla Ape che. ane vaLI duryodhane je A yajJa karyo che, temAM bhAre mAnava samudAya upasthita che, evI chApa UbhI thAya tevAM varNane che. e pachI bALakonI caMcaLatAne lIdhe Aga lAge che, e rItana ahI: varNana che, je svAbhAvika lAge. paNa yajJazALAmAM Aga lAgI jAya, ane upasthita lokonA prayatna pachI paNa e zAna na paDe, e kevuM kahevAya ? ATalI badhI mAnava ane sAdhana banenI samRddhi dharAvatA rAjAnI yajJazALA AgamAM baLI jAya, ane Aga tyAre ja aTake che jyAre ene kaMI bALavAnuM bAkI rahe ja nahI, e thoDuMka vicitra varNana lAge che. 4. te vaLI, A AkhAya varNanane sUkSma dRSTie abhyAsa karIe, to emAM kramabhaMga paNa dekhAya che. jema ke AraMbhamAM (zloka-6, 8) yajJazALAmAM baLatA padArthonuM citraNa che. e pachI, kamika rIte yajJazALAnI bahAranA vAMsa, tADavRkSa vagerene baLatA ane ethI anubhavAtAM dRzyonuM varNana Ave che. A pachI (zloka-18mAM) rahI rahIne pelA brAhmaNe paikIne prathama brAhmaNa yajJazALAmAM baLatA savA-araNI vagerene potAnA sAthI-mitrone darzAvI rahyo che. A pUrvenA varNanamAM agni eTale te pracaMDa batAvAyo che ke tADa jevA jhADanA mULane paNa bALI mUke che, to e pracaMDa agnimAM yajJazALAnA sUvA vagere pAtro to kyAranAya baLI javA joIe. to pachI, have ATalA vakhata pachI emane baLatA joI ja kevI rIte zakAya? eTale A varNana paNa ajugatuM lAge che. A paristhitimAM paMcarAtranA A viSpha"bhaka upara sUkSmatAthI vicAra karatAM uparanI kahevAtI kSationuM to samAdhAna maLe ja che, e uparAMta bhAre camakRti paNa anubhavAya che. te e rIte ke viSkabhaka vRtta eTale ke thaI cUkelI ane vatiSamANa eTale ke thanArI ghaTanAonuM nidarzana karAvavA prayojAte hovAthI, ahIM paNa A AganuM varNana mahAbhArata nAme vRtta ghaTanAnuM pUrepUruM nirdezana karAve che. athavA ema kahe ke A AganuM varNana e te mahAbhArata yuddha kathAnA pratIka tarIke ahIM rajU karavAmAM AvyuM che. vicitratA to e che ke paMcarAtranI potAnI kathAmAM mahAbhArata yuddhano svIkAra thayo nathI, paNa AnA ja bahu vistRta viSka bhakamAM khUba ja cAturyapUrvaka paraMparAgata mahAbhAratayuddhanI kathAne enA ghaTanAkrama sAthe vaNI lIdhI che. paMcarAtranI prastAvanA -sthApanA pUrI thatAM traNa brAhmaNe raMgamaMca upara praveze che. kururAjanI yajJa samRddhi joI ethI prasanna banelA e brAhmaNe yazasamRddhino khyAla ApatA ja hoya che, ke tyAM ja keTalAka caMcaLa bALako yajJanA agninI sAthe ramata karatA najare paDe che. brAhmaNo emane roke na rake tyAM to emanI e ramatane lIdhe Aga lAge che ane jota jotAmAM to AkhIya yajJazALAmAM agni prasarI jAya che. ahIM A varNanamAM e jovAnuM che ke yajJane pavitra agni sAthe ramata karanArA caMcaLa bALake che; emaNe ja Aga lagADI che, ane e Ame sahu prathama yajJazALAnI pavitra vastuone ja bALavAnI 16] [ sAmI : okaTobara, 3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zarUAta karI dIdhI che. have, Ane mahAbhArata kathAnA saMdarbhamAM ghaTAvIe te kuruvaMzarUpI pavitra agni sAthe ceDA karanAra duryodhana-du:zAsana vagere bALake ja athavA kaho ke bAlIze ja che, emaNe yudhiSThira Adi sAthe vaira darzAvIne parivAramAM ani lagADayo che, ane e agnie parivAranA ja mahAnubhAvo -tI, gAMdhArI, bhISma vagerene bALavAnI = du:khI karavAnI zarUAta karI dIdhI che. Ama ahIM agninA prasAranI sAthe sAthe mahAbhAratanA yuddha kathAne prasAra AraMbhAya che. have AgaLa joIe to agni phelAvAthI je paristhiti sarjAI che, tenuM varNana karatAM prathama brAhmaNa jaNAve che ke- 'pAse AgelA zadrane brAhmaNa sahana nathI karato, tema yajJane agni najIkanA laukika agnine sahana karato nathI."3 ahI yajJano agni eTale ke je rautyAgni che, te yudhiSThira vagere pAMDavonuM ane laukikAgni che, te kauravo = duryodhanAdinuM upamAna kahI zakAya.' AganA prasAraNa daramyAna have evI sthitinuM nirmANa thayu ke aiyAgni ane laukikAgni jema eka bIjAne sahI zakatA nathI, tema pelI bAju mahAbhArata kathAmAM ghaTelI keTalIka ghaTanAothI have kaurava-pAMDavo paNa eka bIjAne sahI zakatA nathI, evI sthitinuM nirmANa thaI cUkyuM che. Ama chatAM, yajJano kaMDa lIlA bhaMthI vITaLAyelo hovAne lIdhe (Aga badhe pharI vaLI havA chatAM) atyata baLI gayo nathI, (sarakhAvo-nAI phuTapRSTA hRtikatA velI rivrutA ' tanneva) tema kaurava-pAMDavo je sthaLe rahe che, te hastinApuranuM anta:pura (pelA yajJakuMDanI jema) lIlA darbha eTale ke bhIma ane vidara jevA mahAnubhAvothI vIMTaLAyeluM hoIne haju baLI zakayu nathI balake TakI rahyuM che, evo nirdeza ahI joI zakAya che. daramyAnamAM peluM AganuM varNana AgaLa cAle che. bIjo brAhaNa bacAva kAryamAM joDAyelA lokena vaNana kare che. e jaNAve che ke-"cAritryathI bhraSTa thanAra kuTuMbamAM rahelA sagAne jJAtinA Darane lIdhe jema dUra karavAmAM Ave, tema AganA bhayane lIdhe gabharAyelA loke agnine dUra khaseDa che." Ane mahAbhArata kathAnA saMdarbhamAM mUkIe. cAritryathI bhraSTa evA duryodhana pramUkha kaurava kuTuMbamAM rahelA potAnA sagA daryodhanane (enI jJAti = parivAranI sAthe kayAMka sumeLa sadhAya nahIM, evA) bhayane lIdhe gabharAyelo zani pAMDavothI dUra rAkhe che. pilA agnine dUra mUkanAra mahAnubhA yajJamAM bhAga levA sAru dUra-dUrathI padhArelA che, ane emanA zire jANe ke agnine dUra rAkhavAnI javAbadArI AvI paDI che, evuM mULamAM vAtAvaraNa jAmeluM che. kadAca e AzayathI ke mahAbhArata kathAmAM duryodhanane enA svajanothI dUra rAkhavAnuM kAma paradezathI = gAMdhAra dezathI padhArelA zakuni upADI le che. e sUcita thAya. Ama ahIM eka tarapha pilA AganA varNanano vikAsa sadhAya che, te bIjI bAju mahAbhArata kathAmAM gAMdhArarAjanI upasthiti ane parivArajanone ekabIjAthI dUra rAkhe tevI vividha ghaTanAone nirdeza ahI maLI rahe che. have trIje brAhmaNa AganuM varNana kare che. e ghIthI bharelI gAlIne zAnta pADavA mathatA niSphaLa lokonuM varNana kare che; ane enI upamA bALakathI upara banelI strI AMsuthI bhIDAI gaI hovA chatAM bALaka pratyenA premane lIdhe (manamAM ne manamAM) baLatI rahe che, ema kahIne Ape che. A uparathI mahAbhArata kathA mATe ema samajI zakAya ke bALakathI u5rata evI nArI jevA bhIma vagere bALaka (= duryodhana ke dhRtarASTra) pratyenA premane lIdhe bahArathI bhIMjAyelA = sukhI-lAgatA hovA chatAM manamAM te baLI ja rahyA che, ema sUcavAya che. arthAta have ghaTanAkrame je rIte vaLAMka paMcarAtranA viSka bhakamAM pratIkojanA ] 107 For Private and Personal Use Only

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lIdho che. temAM lokonI draSTimAM bhIma vagere bhale samartha mahAnubhAva hoya, paNa emanA aMdaranI sthiti e che ke e loko kaMI karI zakavAnI paristhitimAM rahyA nathI, emanuM sarvasva agnine (laukikAgni) zaraNe thaI rahyuM che, ane ethI emanuM mana banyA kare che. pharI pAcho have pahelA brAhmaNane Aga varNavavAno vAro Ave che. samaya pasAra thayo che, ethI ani paNa vRddhi pAmyo che. e vRddhi pAmelA agninA varNanamAM A brAhmaNa jaNAve che ke-yajJanI gADIne bALavA mATe e tayAra che, paNa sUkA ghAsamAM lIlotarI hoIne te dhIre dhIre vAmaNo = maMt paNa paDe che. eTalAmAM ja pavananuM jhoka Ave che ane maMda paDele e agni ugra bane che tathA rathanA paiDAmAM pravezI jaIne have to e sUrya je ugra banI gayo che.' pelI bAju mahAbhArata kathA upara vicAra karIe to kururAja = dhRtarASTra cakravatI rAjA che, evI hastinApurarUpI gADIne laukikAgni duryodhana bALI nAkhavA udyata banyo che. du:zAsana vagere sUkA ghAsanI madadathI e vRddhi pAmata, paNa bhISma, vidura, droNu jevA mahAnubhAvo lIleTarI tarIke hAjara hAI e dhIre dhIre vAmaNo thaI rahyo hato. eTalAmAM ja pelA draupadI svayaMvara samayanA karNanA apamAnarUpa pavanane jhoka Ave che. draupadI-svayaMvaramAM apamAnita karyuM ane duryodhana (kramaza: pavana ane agni) saMyukta banatAM ja pharI pAcho vairane agni bhabhakI UThe che, e ahI sUcavAya che. * draupadI svayaMvara sudhI pAMDavo chUpAyelA hatA. te have draupadI svayaMvaramAM bahAra AvI gayA che. A kramika rIte AgaLa vadhatI mahAbhArata kathAne vahetI rAkhavA mATe have bIjo brAhmaNa maraNa pAmelA mAnavInA zarIramAMthI jema prANa nIkaLe ema daramAMthI nIkaLatA pAMca sApane potAnA bIja be sAthIdArone darzAvI rahyo che. ahIM Agane lIdhe sApanuM daramAMthI bahAra nIkaLavuM e vanamAM svAbhAvikatA ochI lAge che, emAMya vaLI, eka nahIM, be nahIM, paNa ekI sAthe pAMca-pAMca sApa! A thoDuMka vadhAre paDatuM kahevAya. paNa kadAca mahAbhArata ghaTita ghaTanAcakrane jALavI rAkhavAne saMkalpa laI beThelA ApaNe kavi ahIM A prakAranuM varNana karI rahyA che, ema mAnI zakAya. 10 mahAbhArata kathAmAM AgaLa vadhIe te have thoDAka samaya mATe pharI pAchI hastinApuramAM, kaurava pAMDavo vacce zAti rahe che, paNa agni haju paNa bujAyo to nathI ja. eTale chutakrIDA, vanavAsa, ajJAtavAsa vagere ghaTanAo ghaTatI rahe che. ane eTale dara-dara vanamAM bhaTakatA ane atyAra sudhI koTara (= ajJAtavAsa)mAM chupAyelA pAMDavo yuddha karavA sAru prANa = zakti tarIke bahAra AvI rahyA che; tyAM sudhInuM ghaTanAcakra sUcavavA mATe pelA trIjA brAhmaNanA mukhe A varNana mUkAyuM che.-"yajJanA, pavana sAthenA agni thakI baLatA vRkSamAMthI banelarUpI dehamAM rahelAM pakSIo prANanI jema bahAra AvI rahyA che."11 ahI evI vyaMjanA paNa che ke pAMDavo yuddha mATe bahAra AvavA icchatA nathI, paraMtu atyAre je paristhitinuM nirmANa thayuM che, temAM te potAnA gharane ja baLavAno vAro Avyo che. eTale atyAra sudhI eka yA bIjI rIte cUpa rahetA pAMDavo ane yuddha mATe bahAra AvI rahyA che. Ama mahAbhArata yuddhanI taiyArI sudhInI ghaTanA ahIM sUcavAI che. mahAbhArata yuddha jAhera thaI cUkayuM che, ane enA prathama tabakkAmAM ja je pariNAme AvavA lAgyAM che, jANe ke emane ja nirdeza na karatA hoya, e rItanuM varNana have pachI ahIM mUkAyu che. 108] [ sAmINa : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jemake eka sukA jhADane lIdhe baLI jatA phUlyA phAlyA vRkSavALA vanane joI pahele brAhmaNa eka caritrahIna purava = duryodhanane lIdhe baLI jatA AkhAya kaurava ane taditara abhyAgata kuLone daSTimAMthI pasAra karI le che.' barAbara A ja vakhate bIje brAhmaNa yajJanA anithI saLagI UThelA ane pavanathI halAvAyelA UcA-nIcA thatA vAMsaDAo tarapha najara kare che.13 enI A najarane sukSmatAthI joIe te mahAbhArata yuddhanI A prathama tabakkAnI paristhitinuM igita joI zakAya. yuddha AraMbha thayAnA A divasomAM kayAreka kauravapakSa to kayAreka pAMDava pakSa pelA vAMsaDAonI mAphaka UcA ke nIce = hArate ke jItato dekhAya che. ane vaLI, trIje brAhmaNa durAcArI kuLamAM AvI paDele sajajane strI-doSathI baLe ema, evuM upamAna ApIne pharI pAcho jhADa para ceTalI sUkI velIthI vIMTaLAyelA vRkSane varNave che. 4 A varNanamAM mahAbhArata yuddha daramyAna maraNane zaraNa thayelA nirdoSa mahAnubhAvo mahArathIone nirdeza saheje kapI zakIe ema chIe. have, AganA varNanane atima tabakko Ave che. jemAM pahele brAhmaNa pelA bIjA be sAthI ne bIju dazya batAvatAM kahe che-"vRkSa, cheDa ane jhAMkharAvALA A jANe ke dharAIne AhAra karI, A agni darbhane mAge nadImAM jANe ke Acamana karavA mATe UtarI rahyo che."15 A vahunamAM agAu upamAna prayojayAM hatAM tevAM koI upamAno prayojyAM nathI. sIdhuM vaNana ja che. mahAbhAratakathAnA saMdarbhamAM Ane joIe to yuddhamAM vRkSa, choDa ane jhAMkharA jevA nAnA-moTA aneka rathI-mahArathI lekeno khAtamo karyA pachI have yuddhane agni dabhane = bhISmane bALI eTale ke haNIne zAMta paDavA mATe nadImAM UtarI rahyo che. arthAta bhISmavadha sudhInI mahAbhArata kathAne nirdeza ahI joI zakAya che. Ama mahAbhArata yuddhano madhyabhAga varNavI have enA aMtima tabakkAnuM nidarzana karatuM varNana A pachInA zlokamAM Ave che. ahIM 'niraM mUjhe : parazuri drA pati !" arthAta lAMbA samayathI mULamAM baLI rahelA tADanA vRkSa (auravakuLa)ne rudranA kuhADAnI jema paTakAI jatuM varNavI lAMbA samayathI eTale ke aDhAra-aDhAra divasathI cAlatA mahAbhArata yuddhano anta sUcavI dIdho che. ane chelle A AganA varNanano upasaMhAra karatAM eka bAju yajJazALAmAM lAgelI AganI to bIjI bAju mahAbhAratanA yuddhanA anta pachInI sthitinumAmika varNana ApyuM che. zAnta paDatA agnine ahI' pele trIje brAhmaNa sajajananA krodhanI sAthe sarakhAve che ane jaNAve che ke vaibhava dhasAI jatAM jema sajajananI dAna karavAnI zakti nAza pAme, tema IMdhaNa khalAsa thaI javAthI agninuM baLa nAza pAmyuM che. ahIM yajJazALAmAM jema agni zAna thavAnuM kAraNa bIju kAMI nathI, paNa bALavA yogya padArthone (- IdhaNuno) abhAva agnine zAMta pADavAmAM kAraNa banI rahyo che, te pelA mahAbhArata yuddhamAM paNa enA zAnta thavAnuM kAraNa zatrurUpI IdhaNane abhAve ja kAraNa che. bhISma, droNa, zalya, kaNuM vagerene haNyA pachI bAkI rahelo duryodhana paNa have te haNuI cUkyo eTale mahAbhArata yuddha zAnta paDayuM che, evuM ka95ne saheje thaI zake che. to vaLI, pahele brAhmaNa-"svabhAvathI majabUra vyasanI vyakti chevaTe dharavakharI paNa vecI mAre, ema A agni paNu yajJanA suvA, araNI, darbho paMcarAtranA viThaMbhakamAM pratIkojanA [19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vagerene khAI rahyo che, ema kahIne jANe ke mahAbhArata yuddhanA svabhAvathI majabUra evA A koravA pAMDava yoddhAo ke jemaNe potAnI gharavakharI eTale ke pitara, pitarAI bhAIo, sagA-sabaMdhIo vagerene mArI nAkhyA che, tene tiraskArapUrvaka nirdeza karatA heya, ema lAge che.' ane chele aMga-bhaMga thayelA nadI kinAre UbhA vRkSane baLI gayelA bIjA vRkSone jaLanI aMjali ApatuM varNavIne pelA mahAbhArata yuddhanA anta svajano rUpI agene gumAvI beThelA paraMtu pote bacI gayelA pAMca-paMdara mahAnubhAvo divaMgata svajanane jaLanI aMjali ApatA AlekhyA hoya, tevA svAbhAvika varNananuM pratibiMba sahadayanA hRdayamAM paDe che. Ama paMcarAtranA A vijhaMbhaka, ke jemAM prAthamika dRSTie aneka uNapa dekhAtI hatI, tene A pratIka yojanAthI sarasa kAvya tarIke rajU karI zakAya che. vaLI, A pratIka pejanAthI eka bAju paMcarAtranA kathAvastumAM mahAbhArata yuddha na svIkArIne kavie bhAre kAti karI paraMparA sAme kaMIka vizeSa sAhasa karyuM che, ema ane e sAhasamAM paNa paraMparAgata mahAbhArata yuddha kathAne garbhita rIta samAvI laI bhAre camakAra saMjaye che ema baMne rIte, A lAMbe vikabhaka kavinA eka sarasa ane saphaLa Ayojana tarIke anubhavI zakAya che. pAdaTIpa * sarakhA vRttavartivyamALAnAM tharAnAM nidrA : || 1. prA. pI. sI. dave sAhebe AganA A varNanamAM vaparAyelA keTalAMka upamAna vAkyo parathI spaSTapaNe kaurava-pAMDava kathAnA izArA anubhavyA che, AkhIya mahAbhArata kathA nahI, e ahI noMdhavuM joIe. juo, qvarAtramUnI prastAvanA-prakA. sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, amadAvAda, sana 1986, pR. 6 2. dUtAtkacamAMnI zakunine uddeza dhrutarASTra kahelI A ukti ahIM dhyAna rAkhavA jevI che. "tarakuracA vairAnivRtti na jAgRti'' kaleka 24. 3. 'cetyAgnilaukikAgni dvija iva vRSala pAzrve na sahate / ' aMka 1, zloka 6 4 yadhiSThira vagere devatAone putro che, evI mahAbhArata-purANa prasiddha mAnyatAnI sAthe sara khAvatAM A upamAna ucita banI rahe che. 5. manirarinamAje mIte naiiH | kule vyutkrAntacAritre jJAtirjAtibhayAdiva // aMka 1, zloka 7 1. zakaTI ca ghRtapUrNA sicyamAnApi vAriNA / nArIvoparatApalyA bAlasnehena dahyate // 1/8 7. prA. pI. sI. dave A upamAna thakI kauranA mRtyuthI baLatI gAMdhArI, putronA akALa mRtyuthI saLagI jatI draupadI temaja abhimanyunA mRtyuthI duHkhI thatI subhadrAnI yAda samaje che, paNa ema samajavAthI AganA varNananI sAthe sAthe pravAhita banatI mahAbhArata kathAno krama bhaMga thato hoI ame A prakAranI kapanA vicArI che. 8. etAM cakradharasya dharmazakaTI' dagdhu samabhyudyato, dame zuSyati nIlazAdvalatayA vahmiH zanarvAmanaH / vAtenAkulitaH zikhAparigatazcakraM 'krameNAgato, nemImaNDalamaNDalIkRtavapuH sUryAyate pAvakaH // 1-9 110] [sAmIpyaH ekabara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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4. valmIkamUlAda dahanena bhItAH tatkoTaraiH paJca sama bhujaGgAH / sama vipannasya narasya dehAd vinissRtAH paJca yathendriyANi // 1-10 prA. pI. sI. dave A pAMca sarSonA varNanamAM pAMcane sUcaka mAnI lAkSAgRhamAMthI nIkaLI gayelA pAMDavAno nirdeza samaje che. je ucita paNa che. paraMtu amArI A yojanA mATe ema mAnavA jatAM mahAbhArata kathAne ghaTanAkrama TUTe che, to vaLI, daramAMthI pAMca nahIM cha sApane nirdeza karavo ucita raheta, kema ke kuntImAtA paNa pAMca pAMDavonI sAthe hatA, ema koI kahe, to enuM samAdhAna ApavuM muzkela banI rahe. AthI ame Ama vicArIe chIe. 11. dahyamAnasya vRkSasya sAnilena makhAgninA / koTarAntaradehasthAH khagAH prANA ivodgatAH // 1-11 12. muni vRLa vana puqtavAdrapana | kuruM cAritrane puruSeLeva te || 2-12 13. ete vAtoddhatA vaMzA dahyamAnA makhAgninA / bhAgyAnIva manuSyANAmunnamanti namanti ca // 1-13 14. latayA saktayA skandhe zuSkayA veSTitastaruH / niviSTo duSkule sAdhuH strIdoSeNa dahyate // 1-14. 15. vana savRkSApagulmametat prakAmamAhAramivopabhujya / kRzAnusAreNa hutAzano'sau nadImupaspraSTumivAvatIrNaH 1-15 . 18. gato vRkSAd vRkSa vitatakuzacIreNa dahanaH, kadalyA vipluSTaM patati pariNAmodiva phalam / asau cAgre tAlo madhupaTala vakreNa mahatA, ciraM mUle dagdhaH parazuriva rudrasya patati // 1-16 17, itavairuM naImadhanAnA vakSiAt ! nAririvArtha vimavAnAM parikSayAt || -67 (anusaMdhAna pAna 92 nuM) 8. sI. ela. zAstrI, pI. sI. dave, sureza dave saMpAdita, "mahAbhArata samApava', sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, amadAvAda, 1985, prastAvanA, pR. 22 9. juo : ma. bhA, anu. parva, a. 16 *; kUma pu. a. 18; harivaMza pu, bhaviSya, a. 133; liMga pu., a. 72-73 padmapurANa, svarga, a. 14-15, kada, avanImAM revAkhaMDa, a. 27-28: bhAgavata pu, a. 7/10 10. rUpamaMDana (saMpAdana), metIlAla banArasIdAsa, vArANasI, 1964, pR. 4 11. juo, dIpArNava (saM.), pR. 31 12. kAzyapa zipama' (saM.) AnaMdAzrama, 1955, pR. 13 13. purANa vimarza (hindI), caukhA prakAzana, vArANasI, 1965, pR. 344 14. "inDiyA Ina grIsa', 1856, pR. 12 15. purANa vima, pR. 312 16. "rUpamaMDana', pR. 3 prama parAga (hadI), prathama khaMDa, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI, 1970, bhUmikA, pR. 22 paMcarAtranA vikhaMbhakamAM pratIkajanA ] [111 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zrI vallabhAcAryanI puSTibhakti Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jayakizanadAsa sAhAnI parabrahma eka adbhuta kalAkAra che, jenI kalA ke lIlA A samagra sRSTi che. sarjana e brahmanA svabhAva che. tene ramaNa karavAnI icchA thaI te ekalA ramI zake nahi, te mATe khIjAnI jarUra paDI (mR. A. u. 1-4-3). brahma ekaluM ramaNa karI zakayu' nahi. mATe ekamAMthI aneka thavAnI kAmanA ke icchA ene thaI. brahmanI A kAmanA ja sRSTi racanAnI zakti che. Ane zrI vallAbhAcAya mAyA kahe che. A mAyA zakti brahmathI abhinna hovA chatAM AvirbhAva ane tirAbhAvathI sRSTinAM aneka rUpAmAM abhivyakta thAya che. vAstavamAM brahma eka ja che (chA. u. 6-2-1). khIju` keAI na hovAne lIdhe brahma ja sRSTinuM nimitta kAraNa ke nirmAtA che. te ja tenuM upAdAna kAraNa che. je tattvamAMthI suSTi thaI che te brahma ja che. e ja sraSTA ane e ja sRSTi che ane e ja lIlA ane e ja lIlA puruSAttama che (mR. 6. 1-4-5). zrI vallAbhAcAya kahe che ke brahmanuM A avibhakta saMyukta svarUpa che. mATe brahma alaukika che (tattva nirNaya, 2). tenI alaukika lIlAe e bhaktine niraMtara vahetA pravAha ja che. RSioe anubhavyu` ke brahma, sat ane AnaMda svarUpa che. zrI vallabhAcAryanA mate sat tattvanA AvirbhAvathI vizALa jagatanI racanA thaI che. AmAM cit ane AnaMda tattvA tirAhita rahelAM che. samasta prANadhArI jIvAnA AvirbhAva sat ane cimAMthI thAya che. AmAMna tattva tiAhita rahe che, paNa prANI mAtranA hradayamAM antaryAmI rUpe Ana nihita rahe che. Ama AnA tattvane anubhavavA jIva vyAkuLa rahe che. hArA varSothI prabhunA viyAgane lIdhe jIva mebAkaLA banI jAya che. te prabhune maLavA tIvra tApa ane kaleza anubhave che. tiAhita Ana Mdane pharI pAmavA te tatpara thAya che. A tIvra lAlasA jIvanA hRdayamAM bhaktine sa`cAra kare che. ahIMthI ja bhakti pAMgare che. prabhu--virahanI vedanAthI vyathita jIva atyaMta vinamra ane zraddhAthI abhibhUta thAya che. tene! ahaMkAra ane meha tarata ja kharI paDe che. evI AdhyAtmika avasthAmAM bhakta je bhAve ane vicAra| abhivyakta kare che, te udmItha ke ucca svaramAM gavAyelAM gItA banI jAya che. vaidika RcAomAM A gIteA ApaNane matra rUpe maLelAM che. saMhitA sAhityamAM bhakti mAganA uttarottara vikAsa thayelo che. RgvedamAM (1-22-20) viSNunI upAsanAmAM lakhelI RcAo RSienI bhaktibhAvanAne vAcA Ape che. bhakto viSNune parama pada para beThelA jue che. jANe ke te anaMta AkAzanuM sUryAM jevuM tejasvI cakSu che. kadAca ahI thI ja vaiSNuva bhaktine AraMbha thAya che. sUryanAM viSNu rUpe da na karavAM e prAcIna kALamAM jANe ke eka paraMparA rahI che. sUryaMte pASaNa karanAra viSNu rUpe prAthanA karatA RSi praMza uniSadamAM (zlA. 1pa) kahe che ke he pUNa tamAruM mukha sva pAtrathI DhaMkAyeluM che. tame A AvaraNane khaseDI de| jethI huM tamArAM alaukika sAcA svarUpanuM darzIna karI zakuM. AmAM bhaktano vinamra bhAva najare paDe che. bhakti zabdane sIdhA prayAga sarva prathama zvetAzvatara upaniSada (6-23)mAM thayelA che. RSi potAnA divya AdhyAtmika pravacanane sameTatAM kahe che ke * sa`pAdaka, bhAratIya bhASA pariSada, kalakattA 112 ] [sAmIpsaH AkaTombara, '93-mA', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jenI IzvaramAM atyaMta bhakti che ane tevI gurumAM che, te mahApuruSonI alaukika vANI badhAM tattvAna prakAzita kare che. upaniSadAnI A magalamayI vANI kAlAntare vaiSNava bhakti rUpe vikasI. zrImad bhagavad gItA upaniSadonA sAra che. te brahmavidyA ane yogazAstra che. AmAM zrIkRSNa ajunane zaraNAgati ne bhakti yoganA upadeza ApatAM kahe che ke mArA bhakta mane khUba ja priya che. bhaktiyeAgane AtmasAta karava! mATe gItAnA aMtima adhyAyamAM te zaraNAgatinuM rahasya samajAvatAM kahe che ke badhA dharmAM tyajI mAre zaraNe Ava ane AgaLa kahe che ke huM tane badhAM pApothI mukta karIza kAI paNa natanA zAka ke ciMtA karatA nahi. dareka zaraNe AvelA bhakta mATe A bhagavAne ApeluM zAzvata AzvAsana che. bhaktinuM pUrNa svarUpa zrImad bhAgavatamAM maLe che. A te nAna, dharma ane bhaktinA samanvayane apUrva graMtha che. zrI vallabhAcA'nA pUrogAmI AcAryoe upaniSada brahmasUtra ane gItAne ja prasthAnatrayI rUpe mAnya karelAM. zrI vallabhAcAya temAM zrImad bhAgavatanA samAveza karI prasthAna catuSTaya rUpe ene Adara karyAM. zrImad bhAgavata vastuta: bhaktirasane avirata pravAha che. AnA rasapAnathI bhakto dhanya thaI jAya che. kharI rIte jotAM jo brahmasUtra brahmanI jJAnamayI vyAkhyA che te bhAgavata tenI rasamayI prastuti che. ane graMthA "jJanmAvasya yata:''thI zarU thAya che. zrI vallabhAcAye banne upara bhASpA lakhyAM che, je aNubhASya ane sukhAdhinI-bhASya nAme prakhyAta che. zrI vallabhAcArya zrI kRSNane parala puruSottamanA saguNu svarUpe mAne che. bhaktone AnaMda ApavA zrIkRSNe svecchAe mAnavarUpa dhAraNa kareluM ane potAnI adbhuta lIlAethI jana janamAM bhaktinA sa`cAra karelA, yajJa puruSa viSNu e ja zrIkRSNanA rUpamAM saccidAnaMda brahma che. zrImad bhAgavatamAM temanI divya lIlAonuM vistArathI varNana che. bhagavad lIlAnuM guNagAna e bhaktinI AdhAra zIlA che. zrIkRSNanI lIlA e prakAranI che : khAdya ane AMtarika. A AMtarika lIlAnu phaLa bhakti che. mATe zrI vallabhAcA' kahe che, lIlAkSIra sAgaramAM hRdayarUpI zeSa nAga para zayana karanAra kalAnidhi zrI prabhune namana kare che. svayaM lakSmI jAte hajAra hajAra lIlAethI temanI sevA karI rahyA che. namAmi hRdaye zeSe lIlA kSIrAbdhi zAyinaM / kSmI sahasra TIhAmiH seyamAnuMnidhim // (sueAdhinI maMgalAcaraNa zama skaMdha) prabhunI lIlA prAcIna kAlamAM ja hatI ema nathI. te teA kAyama thatI ja rahe che. peAtAnI AhalAdinI zakti lakSmI sAthe teo ni krIDA kare che, jenI abhivyakti A samagra sasAra che. jyAre aMtaHkaraNamAM AnaMda chavAya che, tyAre ullAsathI je kA utpanna thAya che, te ja lIlA che. parabrahma pAte ja lIlAmaya che. tethI temanI badhI lIlAe nitya che. bhagavAna lIlA kema kare che? zA mATe kare che? tA kahevAnu` ke lIlA to emane svabhAva che. lIlA ahetukI heAvAthI kAI khIju` prayAjana nathI. lIlAonuM pratyeAjana lIlA ja che. te bhagavAnanA ramaNu mATe che. A AkhI sRSTi temanI lIlA ane krIDA che. mATe bhagavAnanI lIlAetA sAkSAtkAra DhAI bahAranI prakriyAthI meLavI zakAtA nathI te te mAtra bhagavAnanA anugrahathI ja prApta thaI zake che. bhAratIya bhakti sAhityamAM lIlAonuM apUrva abhinava ane sarvocca sthAna che. anaMta divya ane nitya hai|vAne lIdhe te anicanIya che. rasarUpa bhagavAna pote ja AnaMdamaya che. tethI bhaktajane temanA guNNA gAmI AnaMdita thAya che. bhagavAnanI lIlAe mAtra mukita praddAyinI ja nathI paNa te tA mukti karatAM paNa para evI parama mukti Ape che. AmAM jIva jAte ja bhagavad lIlAmAM praveza zrI vallabhAcAya nI puSTibhakti ] [117 For Private and Personal Use Only

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karI bhagavadIya AnaMdane anubhave che. A lIlAonuM guNagAna karavAthI bhakti daDha thAya che. bhakitanA amane samajavA bhAgavatamAM varNavelI vividha lIlAonuM anuzIlana Avazyaka che. A badhI lIlAonAM bhakto bhagavAnanI anaMta chabI ane rUpanAM darzana kare che. bhAgavata te veda rUpI kalpavRkSanuM madhurattama phaLa che. AmAM varNavAyelI daza lIlA rUpI amRtanuM pAna karavAthI cAra prakAranI mukti maLe che : (1) sAloka mukita:- zrIkRSNanA divya lIlAdhAmamAM praveza , 2i] sAmIpya mukita :- zrIkRSNanI pAse besavuM temanA caraNonA zaraNamAM nivAsa karavo. ]i sArU mukita :- zrIkRSNa sAthe sakhA bhAve rahevuM (jema govALonA bALakone hatuM tema). 0i sAyujya mukita :- zrIkRSNanI akhaMDa AnaMda rUpI rAsa lIlAmAM praveza. A cAra mukitaothI para bhagavAnanA anugrahathI bhaktane 'bhajanAnaMda' ke paramAmakita' maLe che, jethI te bhagavata lIlAmAM praveza pAmI sadA apUrva AnaMdane anubhave che. zrI vallabhAcArya ane svarUpAnaMda kahe che. ane A anubhavanAM parama phaLane paramAnaMda kahe che. A phaLa bhagavadda anugrahathI ja prApta thAya che. puSTi mArgamAM anugraha eja sAdhanaane e ja sAdhya che. zrI vallabhAcArya pitAnA vividha graMthamAM puSTi mAganuM darzana, siddhAMta ane bhakita tattvanuM vizada rUpe pratipAdana kare che. bhakitanI vyAkhyA: - bhakitanAM be svarUpa prAcIna kALathI jovA maLe che. eka vaidika bhAga", jemAM jJAna ane bhakitane samanvaya thAya che. taitirIya upaniSada (2-1-1)mAM bhagavAnanA nirguNa nivizeSa ane saguNa savize bane rUpanuM nirUpaNa che. eka bAju brahmane satyama, jJAnama, anantama e rUpe kahyAM che. te bIjI bAju bhagavAnanA saguNa rasAtmaka rUpane pratiSThita karyuM che. je rasa rUpe brahmane sAkSAtkAra karyo che. te AnaMda vani che (ejana 2-7-1). chAMdogya upaniSada (1-1-3) brahmane badhA rasamAM parama rasa rUpe varNave che. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSade brahmane madhuratama madhu kahyuM che. A AkhI sRSTi ja madhu che. zrIkRSNa e ja brahmanuM saguNa rasAtmaka svarUpa che, parama puruSottama che. puSTi mAge temane pitAnA ArAdhya deva mAnyA che. bhagavAna zrIkRSNanI bhakita eja puSTi bhakita bane che. A matamAM bALakRSNanI svarUpa sevA mukhya che. tethI vajAdhIza zrIkRSNanuM bhajana savabhAve karavuM joIe. AmAM je bAdhAo Ave che, te ahaMkAra ane laukika padArtho pratyenI Asakita ke mamatAne kAraNe che. zrI vallabhAcArya ane ahaMtA ane mamatA kahe che. A baMne maLIne eka evA prapaMcanI racanA kare che, jemAM jIva ajJAnavaza baMdhAI jAya che. AnA vyAmohamAM bhaTakatAM teo prabhathI vimukha thAya che. ahaMtA ane mamatAne laI jIva potAnA svarUpane bhUlI jAya che, te bhramita ane dimUDha banI jAya che. svArtha siddhithI prerAI te ucita anucitane viveka gumAvI bese che. bhogya padArtho meLavavA AMdhaLI doTa mUke che. pAkhaMDa ane pApamArganuM anusaraNa kare che. eka mAtra zrIkRSNanI sevA ane zaraNa ja ene bacAvI zake che. mohathI banelo A vyaktigata saMsAra mithyA che. karoLiyAnI jema pote karelA jALAmAM jIva phasAya che. A meha pAzathI tyAre ja mukti maLe jyAre potAnAM samasta ahaMkAra ane Azakti arthAta ahatA ane mamatAne zrIkRSNanAM caraNomAM samarpita karIe. bhagavAnanI zaraNAgati eja ameLa sAdhana che. enAthI prabhune anugraha prApta thAya che. zaraNAgatinAM cha sAdhana che. A sAdhanane apanAvIne prabhunA caraNomAM Atmanivedana karI zakIe. 114] [ sAmIpya : okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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1] bhagavAnane anukULa rahevAne saMkalpa [2] kyAreya temanAthI pratikULa na thavuM. la] prabhumAM daDha vizvAsa [4] e hamezA amAru' rakSaNa karaze [pA saMpUrNa Ama samarpaNa [6] nitAta dInatA. pitAnA priyatama zrIkRSNanAM caraNomAM zaraNAgata banIne 'sarvadA bhAvena' tenI sevAmAM tatpara rahevuM eja bhaktinuM parama lakSya che. puSTi mAgIya sevA : puSTi mAgIya vaiSaNa mATe nitya sevA karavI te anivArya dharma ke sanAtana kartavya che. sevAnA traNa prakAra che : tanuja, vittaja ane mAnasI. tanuja sevA potAnA zarIrathI karavAnI hoya che. AnAthI ahakAra mukata thAya che. vitajA sevAthI laukika padArtho pratye mamatA ochI thAya che. A banne sevAothI ahaMtA ane mamatA zAMta thAya che. A bemAM tanujA sevA mukhya che. bhagavAnanA sevaka banavAthI hu sevaka chuM AvI ahatAmAM bAghA paDe che. mATe vittaja sevA sAthe tanujA sevA karavI atyanta Avazyaka che. mAnasI sevA bhakatanA hRdayamAM sadA cAlatI rahevI joIe. tanuja ane vittajA sevA sAdhana rU5 che. mAnasI sevAmAM bhakata potAnA cittane sthira kare che eTale mAnasI sevA e sarvottama sevA che. zrI yamunAjInA svarUpa-ciMtanathI pApo nAza pAme che ane sevAnAM utkRSTa phaLa prApta thAya che. jIvanamAM bhakitanA samasta bhAva niratara TakI rahe te mATe zrI vallabhAcAryajIe bAlakRSNanI sevAnuM vidhAna karyuM che. AmAM cAra sevAo divasanA pUrvAdhamAM karavAnI hoya che. maMgalA, zRMgAra, gvAla ane rAjabhogacAra sevAo bapora pachI karavAnI hoya che. utthApana, bhoga, saMdhyA AratI ane zayana. A sevAone vidhipUrvaka karatAM Akho divasa bhagavAnanA smaraNamAM 5sAra thAya che. dareka sevAmAM kIrtana gavAya che. suradAsajI e ATheya prahAranAM atyaMta madhura ane bhAva pradhAna pado gAyAM che. vrajabhASAmAM zrIkRSNa bhakata evA puSTi mAgIya ATha kavio aSTa chApa ke aSTasakhA nAmathI prakhyAta che. teoe badhA samayanAM Rtuo tahevAre saMyoga viyoga vagere badhI bhAvanAenAM pada lakhyAM che, je aSTa prahara senAmAM gavAya che. AmAM suradAsa paramAnaMdadAsa ane kuMbhanadAsa temaja kRNudAsa zrI vallabhAcAryanA ziSya hatA chIta svAmI, goviMda svAmI, caturbhujadAsa ane naMdadAsa AcArya zrInA suputra zrI viThThalanAthajInA ziSyo hatA. A sivAya bIja bhagavadIya kavionI racanA paNa sevAnA samaye nitya kIrtanamAM gavAya che. A sevAo karavAthI puSTi mAgaya cAra puruSArtho siddha thAya che. [1] dharma :- prabhunI sevA [2] artha :- zrIkRSNa [3] kAma :- prabhunA darzananI tIvra lAlasA [4] mokSa :- puruSottama zrIkRSNanI prApti AmanI siddhithI vaiSNavajana bhagavAnanI lIlAmAM praveza pAmI divya AnaMda bhogave che. A bhakitanuM A parama phaLa che. zrI vallabhAcAryanI puSTibhakti ] [115 For Private and Personal Use Only

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medajanI vAvano apragaTa zilAlekha, vi. saM. 15ra. pravINacaMdra parIkha bhA2tI zelata+ mahamUda begaDAnA samayane A satanatakAlIna zilAlekha modaja (tA. mahemadAvAda, ji. kheDA) gAmanI sImamAM navaraMgapurA parAmAM uttara bAjue dakSiNAbhimukhI naMdA prakAranI vAvamAM pagathiyAM UtaratAM jamaNI bAjunA gavAkSamAM ArasanA pathara upara katareluM che. A zilAlekhavALA paththara traNa bhAgamAM khaMDita che. zilAlekhanA lakhANavALA bhAganuM mA5 69 se. mI x 44 se. mI. che. emAM lakhANanI kula 37 paMkti che. dareka paMktimAM akSaronI sarerAza saMkhyA 53-54 nI che. akSaranuM sarerAza kada 0.7 X 0.7 se. mI. che. zilAlekhanA pAThanuM pratyakSa vAMcana saMsthAnA adhyApaka hai. sAvaliyA sAthe be vAra medaja gAmanI mulAkAta laI sthaLa para karavAmAM AvyuM che.* zilAlekhamAMnA keTalAka akSaro atyaMta ghasAI gayA hovAthI spaSTa vAcana karavAmAM ghaNI muzkelI naDI che. zilAlekhanuM lakhANa saMskRta bhASAmAM che. enI lipi devanAgarI che. lekhane AraMbha zrI rAja nama: jevA vasti vacanathI thayo che. lekhanuM lakhANa 5dyAmaka (40 zloka) che A ucca koTinI kAlImAM lakhAyela che. zilAlekha prazasti prakAranuM che. emAM AraMbhamAM bhagavAna ziva. gaNeza ane jalAzayanA svAmI pracetA varuNane A vAvanI rakSA karavA aMge stuti karavAmAM AvI che. prazastimAM zArdUlavikrIDita (slaka. 1, 2, 4 ane 5), ujAti (. 3, 7, 10, 11 ane 15), upendravajA (zleka. 12), radratA (le. 6, 8, 9 ane 14) jevA chaMda prajAyA che. lekhamAMnA akSara-vinyAsanI keTalIka lAkSaNiktAo nIce mujaba che: 1. AmAM nAgarIne gujarAtamAM vyApakapaNe prajAte uttara bhAratIya marIDa jovA maLe che; jema ke, annadrA (5, 7), aTTdeg (5, 8), hitadeg (5, 14) vagere. 2. dhane zirorekhA joDavAnuM valaNa nizcita thayuM nathI. kyAreka zirorekhA joDelI hoya che, kayAreka nathI hotI. 3. aMtargata svaracihna | mATe zire mAtrA temaja paDimAtrA baMne prayojAI che; jema ke, zrInA (5'. 2), veDhAMta (paM. 4), svedro (5.5), vastra (paM. 7), yuH (5.7), vA (paM. 7), vArtha (5. 24), devarA(5. 26), vagere. 4. vaNanI nIce joDAtA aMtargata svaracihnone joDatI vakhate vanI UbhI rekhAne nIcale cheDe TUMkAvavAnI khAsiyata jovA maLe che, jema ke, tanu (5. 1), mua (paM. 2), murAsura (5. 4), mumu (5, 4), munamuna (59), ramUva (5. 15) vagere. saMyukta vyaMjanamAM 6 pachI AvatA vyaMjanane bevaDAvavAnuM valaNa jovA maLe che, jema ke, dhaSNa? (5. 8, 30), vastI (5. 19), 0i (5. 23) dharma (5. 25, 28), MLi (5. 70), niI (paM. 32), fodeg (5. 32) vagere. niyAmaka, je. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda rIDara, je. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda + 116]. [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, 3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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6. ra pachI AvatA mahAprANa janane bevaDAvatI vakhate emanA pUrvaga vyaMjananI jagyAe eno a9paprANa vyaMjana prayojavAnuM valaNa; jemake, saTddha (5, 6). 7. ranA mareDamAM madhyanI ADI rekhAnA DAbA cheDe jamaNe cApa jeDAyA vagarane moTA bhAganA - maroDamAM jovA maLe che. 8. anunAsikane sthAne prAyaH anusvArane prayoga; jema ke, maM0i (paM. 3), siMn (paM. 9), munnA (5.15), tarasa (paM.23, 31), (pa.31) vagere. lekhanA saMkSipta bhAvArtha : zrI gaNezane namaskAra. saM. 15ra0, mAgha vadi 13, ravivAra. pAtazAha zrI mahaMmadanA vijaya rAjyamAM..... lakSmIpati samagra sRSTinA pitA bhagavAna viSNu samudramAM zayana kare che. jenA nAbhikamaLamAM saMsAranI racanA karatA thAkelA brahmAjI paNa zAMti anubhave che (lai. 1). zrI zaMkaranA putra, jemanuM vedAntavANIthI devo, asure, manuSya, siddho ane nAga ke stavana kare che te varadAna ApanArA zrIgaNeza A vAvanI rakSA karo (zle. 2). sAgara, nadIo, traNe bhuvananA loko, badhAM ja jalacara prANIo jenA caraNanI sevA kare che te jalAzayanA svAmI pracetA (varuNa) eka ka95 sudhI A vAvanuM rakSaNa karo (le. 3). sveda, ubhija, jarAyuja ane aMDaja prANIonuM jIvana jalane Azare TakeluM che. A svaccha jaLane sajajananA mananI upamA apAya che. enA sarakhI jagatamAM bIjI koI vastu nathI (le. 4). - satyayuga, dvAparayuga ane tretAyugamAM prANIo satya ane tapasyAthI jIvatA, paNa adharmathI bharelA kaliyugamAM satyane kharekhara abhAva che. prANIonA jIvana mATe anna ane pANI e atyaMta Avazyaka vastuo che. ane ane pANInuM dAna karI je lokone jIvatA rAkhe che te puNyazALI kharekhara paramAtmAno aMza che (zlo. 5). annadAtA karatAM jaladAnanI vyavasthA karanArane vidvAne so gaNe adhika puNyazALI kahe che. AhAra vinA be traNa divasa jIvI zakAya, paraMtu pANI vinA eka ghaDI paNuM jIvI zakAya nahIM (zle. 6). saMsArarUpI vRkSa e dUra dUra sudhI phelAyeluM che. dharmArtha buddhithI je enuM siMcana kare che tene mAgha mAsamAM puNya karyA jeTalI siddhi maLe che (zlo. 7). eka karoDa zivaliMganI pUjA karIne artha ne kAmanI siddhi mATe jene upAsanA karavI hoya tene sRSTi karatAM paNa pahelAM racAyelA A vaDanagaramAM janma maLe che (sla. 9). eka vAra ekAMtamAM zivajIe pitAnI priyA pArvatIne kahyuM "he gaurI, zreSTha brAhmaNo mATe je brahmAnA putro che, emane eka nagara dAna karIne Apa . 10). pArvatIjIe jagatanA eka mAtra vaMdanIya gaNezane kahyuM, "A brAhmaNone mahamUdapura nAmanuM nagara dAna karIne Apa (slo. 11). priyA pArvatInA vacanathI prasanna thayelA zaMkare pitAnA trIjA netramAMthI amRta varasAvI svaccha pANIthI A nagarane pUrNa karyuM (lai. 12). A nagaramAM agnihotra jevA ya thatA. ahI satyaparAyaNa zreSTha munio vatA, jemanA AzIrvAda dvijapuMgava meLavatA (zle. 14-15). gaMgAtaTe janmanA saMtApane haranArI kAzInagarI hatI (zlo. 17). kulamAM bhUSaNarUpa sajajanonI A dharatI para kulIna leke vasatA (zle. 18), nagara pAse meSamatI nadI vahetI. bhAvaDa grAmamAM zreSThI sAha jagasiMgha devadi ane baMdhuvaMga sAthe nivAsa modajanI vAvane apragaTa zilAlekha, vi. saM. 15ra0]. [117 For Private and Personal Use Only

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karatA lo, 21). zrI mAdhavanA caraNa kamaLanA prasAdathI cagIne kaladevI patnIthI izadatta me putra thayo. izadattanI patnI dhanadevIthI devarAja putra thayo (lo. 22-24). cogarAja gaMgAnA taraMga, samAna vizuddha, kIrtiyukata, vedAtha vijJAnavicAradakSa hato (@o. 26). yuvAnImAM devarAja pitA sAthe maMtrInuM kArya karato (lo. 27). devarAjanA putro ciraMjIva ho. bhaginI, je balarAjanI patnI hatI, te zIlavatI hatI. pitA ane rAjA baMnene AnaMda ApatI (@o. 31). lo. 34 thI 4mAM vAvanA jIrNoddhAranI hakItaka nirUpAyelI che. tokhanA A bhAganA akSare ghasAI gayA hovAthI pAThane bhAvArtha spaSTa thatuM nathI. zilAlekhamAM tidiSTa pAtazAha mahamada e gujarAtanI svataMtra salatanatane sulatAna mahamadazAha 1lo-begaDo' (I. sa. 1459-1511) che.. zilAlekhamAM bhAvaDa nivAsI zreSThI saha jagasiMhane nirdeza che. A uparAMta yogarAja, Izadata ane vApIne jIddhAra karAvanAra devarAjane nirdeza che. zilAlekhamAM je mahamUdarano nirdeza Ave che te A vAvavALu modaja gAma prAya: hAI zake. modaja gAmanI sImamAM navaraMgaparA nAmanA parAmAM A vAva AvelI che. jo ke naDiyAda tAlukAmAM paNuM mahamadapurA nAme gAma hAla che paraMtu e vaDatAla pAse hAI modajathI ghaNuM dUra che. A uparAMta kapaDavaMja tAlukAmAM paNa mahamadapurA gAma che je kapaDavaMjanI bilakula najIka che, jyAre modajathI ghaNuM dara che. skroI tAlukAmAM AveluM memadapura paNa modajathI 20 ki. mI. jeTaluM dUra paDe che. hokhamAM jaNAvelu' bhAvaDa gAma e daskroI tAlukAnuM bhAvaDA gAma hoI zake nahIM' kAraNa e memadapuranI thoDuM najIka che, jyAre modathI dhANu dUra che. hokhamAM vRddhanagaranuM je varNana Ave che te hAlanuM mahesANA jihalAnuM vaDanagara gAma che. A zilAlekhanI miti vi. saM. 15ra mAdha vadi 13, ravivAranI che. mAsagaNanAnI amAnata paddhati anusAra A miti baMdha bese che e divase tArIkha 5 phebruArI, I. sa. 1464 Ave che. (ela. DI. svAmikanuM pillAI, "ena InDiyana ephimarIjha', va, 5, pR. 130). lekhane pATha 1. [ zrIrAya namaH [*] [8]vata 220 varSe mAgha va irU thI [[*] vAtasA zrI mamarAA ]i zrI moramAtanurvina te [zomA] - - - - 2. mayI zAzvatI zrInAtho[s*]tha dhiyAM carAcaraguruH zete mukhauM lIlayA [1*] yannAbhIsarasiruhai vidhirapi prAMta: zritaH phArmaLA | ----- -- - 3. yadIzvaro[s*]pi satata gaMgAdharaH kedAreSu sevyate yaH zaveMNa sumaMgalaividhinA putraH [samAsAditaH, svanirmite uSThAHpi / vidAM svameva maMtreNa saprahA(da ) lekhane pATha sthaLa para jaI vAMcavAnA kAryamAM sahAya karavA badala hai. bAlAjI gaNorakara tathA pAThanA saMdarbha tathA arthadhaTananA kAryamAM sahAya karavA badala zrI bihArIlAla caturvedInA ame AbhArI chIe. 118] sAmIpya: okaTobara, '83-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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4. vA(?)NInAM varaM / yo vedAMtagirA surAsuranaraiH sidoragarmIyate / so'ya zrI varadApramodasumukha: pAyA. dimAM vApikA [m // *] 2 // *] ratnAkarANAM saritA tri5. lokI jalAzayAnAmadhipaH pracetA: yAdogaNaiH sevitapAdapIThaH / sadvApikA rakSatu kalpameka' [m*] [1] 3[1] svedodbhijajarAyujAmaNDajairjIvana bahUpajIvyate payaH / te6. na sArddhamupanIyate varaM sanmano jagati nAmi vA paraM [m*||] 4 [*] satyAdi triyuga(ge)Su satyatapasA prANaMti vai jantavaH / savRnvedAkalAvadharma-bahule satyArthabhAve kila prANAkevalamekamannamuda jIvAnurUpa zrityastu iti shrii| sukRtiH parAvaraguroraMzaH kila prANadaH // ] 5*1] annadAcchataguNAdhika varo vAridaH khalu nigadyate budhaH / dvitrirditAhArApi vinAnna jADyasA jIvyate na ghaTikAM vinodaka (kam ) [*] 6 [*] apArasaMsArataroH phalaM vai yaH / mAnuSyajanmacirArditA dharmArthadhIyo yatate sa dharmA yanmAghapuNya mayi siddhirasti [*] 7 nirmame bhuvanabhUSaNa dvayaM kAzikA ca nagaraM tathA zivaH / yatra laghuvasatina kedArama dire'pi ca nije naraM labhet [||*] 8 [*] liMgakoTi pariprArthita purA artha puratorthakA10. dimirUpAsyate ca yat / sRSTito'pi kila pUrvanirmita nAma vRddhanagaraM hyato labhet [[*] 9 [-] ... dRSTa: kadAcidrahasi priyAyAH priya vacaH zrI girizo babhASe / mRDAni 11. dehi dvijapuGgavebhyazcaika' puraM brahmasutAtmajebhya: [[*] 10 [*] tamAha pazcAgirirAjaputrIyamekadaMto jagadekabaMdho(vandyo) svaya mahamadapuraM dvijanmAn vibhAvanIbhUtya ca dehi tebhyaH [*] 11 [*] iti priyAyA vacanAtpratIto'mRtaH samAnIyamu - - -NA jalAni pUjyAni puraM svakIya tRtIyanetraNa prayoja sarvAn [*] 12 [*] nagare gaMgAdharo vIrA13. sInmuditA tadAnIM harasya harSAt sahasA kRta iti dvijAM / hi padA -- nujAyA: svayaM dadau / tannagaraM girIzaH [*] 13 [*] Izvaro'yaM saha vIkSya vADarAnagniho14. tramakhasAdhanAdyatAn / ahitastazanazo vinirmame vADavAM vasa --- kAriNa: [*] 14 [*] te satyazIlA munayo vadAnyA mAnyAM janAnAmadhikaguNaizca A15. zIbhireSAM dvijapugavAnAM babhUva rAdAH kila koTi prathA [*] 15 [*] ko'ya kasminnapi cezvareNa nitya / pratinagarasamasta bhujagamAyAM kila tamAsI16. dvimRzya nirvAsitamAdroH [*] 16 [*] gagAstaTa pare'pi ca sAra - - - - -pi kSudrAgaruhAtaTa vai ko'pi sthito bhUbhAgadvAramadhyabhUmi zrIkAzyAM janmasa tApa hatrI // 17 // 17. teSAM suzU TrAnvaya bhUSaNAnAM yajjanmanA sadguNijAM bhuvimukhyA guru sajane vasAnA mahAnatheSTatama kulInA: // 18 / / sAradana viprAnvayA sadA18. kena sAkaSTinA vIkSya nivAsabhUmipuNyapradezeSu viprA govilokita meSamatI taTa tu // 19 // prAcIpavitrAM vahati tu yatra / zrI mAdhavastiSThati yatra sA19. kSAt tIrtha trilokyAM prathita'(m) // 20 // purANasa'sevanA janmakRtArtha - - - sa bhAvaDagrAma nivAsazIla: zreSThI sadA sadA sAha jaga(ya)siMghaH sthita: cakArA'tra nidezavatI deva mojanI vAvano apragaTa zilAlekha, vi. saM. 15ra0]. [115 For Private and Personal Use Only

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20. dvijAnAM saha badhuvaH // 21 // zrI mAdhavasthotha pAdaprasAdAdhautamya suto babhUva bhogI nitya vimala peya sagIrAM tAseo'pasadAmudAsIt // 22 // eka 21. udAracaritasya tasya sAkSiNo yogi na IzadattaH dhanadIto dvijadevabhAryA babhUva putraH kila devarAjaH // 23 // pAyogijAho kaladevI nAmnI patnI 22. prabhRti kila devarAja- ---------sutAM babhUva nAmnI sAdhvI prasUtA caguNa tathaika // 24 // pativratA cAsya babhUva patnI zaktyA devadevi nAmnI zIlena 23. sattvena sadaiva yasyA jakA-sAga-grA-sA --ti grAme'travAsI dvijava zaratna zrImAn dvijaH pdditH| yogarAjaH gagAtaragAmalakIrtirADhayA 28. vedArthavijJAna vicAradakSaH // 26 / / bAlyAM samAsa devarAjaH sevAM ca maMtrI vadAnyonya zrI yoga rAjasya / sadA pravINaH // // saga te dharma (?) 25. babhUva // 27 // tatastathA devaladeva nAmnA sutAH! mukhyAH -- mama Atmaja eva jAtaH tato vrajo eva dharma iti prasiddhasta26. ye devarAjasya ca mahamukhyA putrAzcirajIvinaH // dvijASTAvadAtA zrUta - - - tadANa zIlitaH syuH // 30 // madAdikAnAM bhaginI catu27. rtha devasya putrI balarAjapatnI zIlajA prasiddhA nAmnA Na saamn| - - - - tara sa devarAja pitara sadaiva saMmodayatI pUrta deve // 31 // 28. dRSTvA kRtArtha jagadastu putra svameva dharma samApta harSAt / rAtrI devarAjasya prazaMse sadaiva pAlaka mano sAmaMta (ca) sabhAramya 29. ca govyadanAmA janakapraputra jAtaH // 32 // prasiddhazcaturA rAsa masuSAbhiH sadeva bhaHNabhA jIva dAva'tha vAcArtha nidahatI 30. kulam viSA / / 33 / / puNyAni karmANi tAni narA kSudhAmano(lA)di vibhavasya namana zAsakAdhika'da rakhane atItasya tasya putro 31. zarIraM nalinI dalaska yathA jalataraMgacaMcala meva nahugaya bhava sala tathA AhalAdika divitA / etena tadbhAgavata dvija anitasya tasya putraH 32. sa mAM ceti mati babhUva yannirjale mayAsi janamavApa grAme vicacAra / puNyAtipuNyo hi jIrNoddharaNe'pi // 36|| dazavidhi-ttara pratiSThA 33. labhya sAveti ---na paripuSyati kRtagata srajatamacArucirandeva // 37 // tridiza vilokya vApImatraja jI34. rNoddharaNAdikastAmevarasyAsyu me'tha // 38 // zrI devarAjasya pituni dArA sAvAjyaSTo 35. draviNo mudA // na dAra sadAsIttare // samAgIya viharati // 39 // - - - - - 36. ta vireju puNyazIlaH - - - - - zuro zubhalagnamAdAya harSabhArAdi ----- 37. vijaya ----- // 40 // devAsaga dharmAstu -- - - - - - dAna 12.] [sAbhAthya: moTomara, '53-bhAya', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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magaribInA avasAna zekha ahamada khaTTu aMgenI nAMdha zekha cAMdamImI e. * amadAvAda khAte sarakhejanA rAjo jANItA che. tyAM zekha ahamada khaTTe magaranI daphana thayelA che. emanu' avasAna hi. sa. 849/I. sa. 1445 mAM thayuM. magarakhI silasilAnA A saMta viSe bahu lakhATTu' nathI. zekha erajIe emanA malakUjhAta (u|Sane) taiAMdhyA che. ane meAlAnA kAsime mAkheza mirakAtula vulamAM ema ullekha che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir amadAvAdamAM Avela hajharata pIrameAhamada zAhe lAibrerImAM dhaNI hastaprato che. emAMnI eka hastapratanA eka bhAga rUpe arakhI bhASAmAM evI eka mAtra eka-doDha pAnAnI hastaprata maLI jene sabaMdha zekha ahamada khaTTI avasAna teAMdha sAthe che. amadAvAdanI sthApanA aMge je anya traNa ahamada nAmanA saMtA sAthe, ahamAhe salAha athavA karyAM hatA. te paikInA tee eka che. arakhImAM lakhAyela A avasAna noMdha uparathI ema phalita thAya che ke te phArasImAM e ja viSaya upara lakhAyela koI eka hastapratanA anuvAda che te A pramANe che : tamAma praza MsA sarjanahAra mATe che ke jeNe jagatanA vizALa medAnamAM peAtAnA mitrA (valI)ne AyA ApyA. ane potAnA premanI madirAne AvAda karAvye temane siddhinA seApAnathI navAjhathA, chUpA rahasyAthI emane vAkepha karyAM. pAtAnI asIma kRpA temanA para varasAvI ane AnA karI ke tenA valIe mATe koI Dara ke bhaya nathI. salAma ane salAmatI thajo e mahAna sUphIe para ke jeone muslimeA mATe anukaraNIya banAvIne mekalavAmAM AvyA. ane jemaNe zarIata mATe mArgadarzana pUru pADyuM ane cAho mATe samasyAonA ukela samajAvyAM. khAte Ajhama je mahAna hAkema che ane jee garIbo, pIDitA, vidvAnA, ulemAonA paNa che jemanA khitAba "zaraphe jahAna" che je khUba vaibhavazALI che (allAha kayAmata sudhI temane sahIsalAmata rAkhe) evA amIre mane hukama karyA kevalIonA rAhabara, sUphIenA guru, mahAna sUphI saMta mukha ahamada magaribInA avasAna a'genA phArasI dastAvejI patranA arakhI anuvAda karuM je anuvAda uttama bhASAmAM hAya. mArA mATe e vAta anivAya anI gaI ke hu... enI AjJAnuM pAlana karI temanI zA pUrI karu.. me' IzvarIya madathI A kAmanA AraMbha karyAM ane temanA avasAna aMgenI vigata sagama rIte e ja pramANe vatI ke jevI emanA mitre rajU karI hatI. je mitra zekhanA saphara ane sthAyI jIvananA sAthI hatA, je sAcA ane nyAyapremI hatA. jemanA para kadI jUTha ke ajJAnatAnA kSetra mUkAyA na hatA. * vyAkhyAtA, udU phArasI vibhAga, bhASA bhavana, gujarAta yunivarsi`TI, amadAvAda zekha ahamada khaTTu magaribInA avasAna aMgenI tedha ] For Private and Personal Use Only A

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teo tAMye ke che ke jyAre hi. 849 nu` varSa hatuM ane Idula phitara (ramajhAna Ida)nI savAra thaI te Ape snAna karyu. attara lagA ane allAhe Apela nematamAMthI gheADu' janmyA ane namAjha adA karavA mATe musallA tA gayA. jyAre Apa namAjha paDhI cUkayA teA UlaTI thaI ane lAla pANI nIkaLyuM (lohInI vAmITa thaI). Apa acaraja pAmyA. vicAramAM DUbI gayA. tyAra bAda Ape kAMI khAdhu paNa nahI. ane pIdhuM paNu nahI. allAhanI marajI sAthe samAdhAna karyuM'. leAka sa Mparka cheDI dIdhA. manana karavA lAgyA. pachI anivAya vAta sivAya kAMI udmASana kayu nahI. sUphIonA mArgadarzana sivAya ane upadeza sivAya kAMI vizeSa khelyA nahI. / / jyAre A vAtanA samAcAra mahAna zAsaka sulatAna mahaMmada (sulatAna ehamadanA dIkarA)ne maLyA te| bAdazAha jhaDapathI ApanI sevAmAM hAjara thayA. bAdazAhanA mAna khAtara Apa nIce beThAM (besI zakayA tyAM sudhI nIce beThAM). pachI nIce ADA paDI gayA ane bAdazAha sAthe sA| vAtacIta karI. jyAre vAtacIta karI bAdazAha UThayA te te khUba duHkhI ane vyAkuLa hatA. daravAna pAse AvI aphsAsa karavA lAgyA. pachI bAdazAhe ApanA kAna phana mATe madada meAkalAvI te te ma ApanA ziSya (mahAna satsaMgI) salAhuddIne svIkArI. te khUba parahejhagAra mANusa hatA. ke pachI bAdazAhe peAtAnA eka khAsa dUta meAkalI peAtAnI eka IcchA temanI samakSa rajU karI ke huM bhautika dunyavI bAbatamAM te sa` sapanna chu. mAlike mane vizALa rAjyanu zAsana bahyuM che mara Mtu huM te| ApanI pAsethI zAzvata paralokanA satsaMga vAMcchuM chu. ane araja karu chu ke jayAre Apa svagamAM IzvarIya dRna pAmavA sadbhAgI bane tyAre mane sAthe rAkheA.' w ml bn Hmd lHmd llh ldhy j`l wly tHt fnh w dh qm shrb lmHbth mn khs jnbh w khSm bmshrt ljbrwt `lm lnswt wlmlkhwt w khrjhm mn m`y'nh l~ `lm llhwt w nh hm srr lGyb w lTyf lmkhnwn w Hkhm bn khwf `lyhm wlhm yHznwn wlSlw@ wlslm `l~ mn rslh llh by`t l`lmyn w `ly lh ldhyn lqnw shry`h w bynw mslkhh llTlbyn m b`d. mry fn l`m wlkhqn lm`Zm mlj l`lm wlm`y wmldh lfqr wlGrb fn l`lm rfy` lshn t m` lmkn lmkhTb bshrf jhn dm llh t`ly l~ ywm ltnd w shrf lmbrr wlm`r bn wr drlh lfrsy@ lmqSryn grfth rtHl shG lmt` wlwly w mrt lSfy wltqy w GwS Hrlshry`h w mHyT khrh lHqyq w mrkhz drlTryqh tTb lzmn lshykh Hmd shr blmGrb `ml bGfrn l~ HDrt lqds wsm lmn fy l`brh l`rbyh lndr wlm`lmt lfSH lfy'q@ flbd mn mthl mrh w stn mswlh - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jyAre bAdazAhane dUta ApanI sevAmAM hAjara thayA ane samagra vAta sA~bhaLAvI Ape pharamAvyuM bAdazAhanI darakhAsta zizamAnya che.'' pachI te saMdezAvAhaka bAdazAha pAse pAche pharyAM. pachI zekhe (zekha ahamada khaTTa e) peAtAnA sevako ane nokarAne kahyuM ke teo kalamae tavahIda (ekezvaravAdanA pahelA kalamA)nu raTaNa kare. jyAre sevakA e joyu ke Apa visAla pAmavAnI najIka 122] [sAmIpya : kaTobara, '93-mArca' 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir che, AtmA paramAtmAmAM maLI javAnA che, tyAre zabdAla mahinAnI 13 mI tArIkha vItI gaI hatI ane 14mI tArIkhanI rAtanA Araba thaI gayA hatA. rAga asA anI gaye| hatA. pachI jyAre takalIpha ochI thaI te Apa UbhA thayA. pachI esI gayA pachI sIdhA sUI gayA. AvuM eka-e vakhata karyu" lokoe jyAre e hAlata joI tA kalame tavahInuM raTaNa karavA 4134. allAhanA hUkamathI savAra thaI sUcanA samaya najIka ALye tA peAtAnA khAsa sevaka salAhuddInane dharmAM sudhAraNA mATe pokAryA pachI temanA mATe pAdhaDI bAMdhI pachI temanI avalAda mATe bhalAInI duA . - pachI zIrAjhau gulAmane 4t l ( vyA) pachI thADA zvAsA lIdhA pachI nIcenA haeNTha phaphaDavo. (dhIme) pachI AtmA paramAtmA * * * . - vAranA divasa hatA. sUryodayanA samaya hatA. tyAre ApanuM AyuSya 111 varSanuM' hatuM. A uparathI ApaNe tAraNeA kADhI zakIe ke [925 shr`t Gyr mwfq llh lmlym lSwb wlyr lmrj` wl lab w wDHt khyfyt km rw~ `mn hr mSHb lh fy lsfr wlqmh wSdyq Sdq fy lkhdm wlmlzmh w m`rwf fy lSdq . wl`dl@ Gyr@ b khrb w lmshwb bljbl ts`h wrb`wn w shmn nh dh mD~ mn lbh lmbrk wbshr l`m mt mn l`wm wnqny lshr lnZr Gsl flm blGt rfr nwrlSbH mn ywm `yd wst`ml mn l`Trt lkl m rzqh llh t`l~ mqSr ws`~ l~ lmSl~ flm rj` `shm q w khrj lm lHmr mn Sdrh wSr mntHr bm fy tqlt `lm kl b`dh w m shrb w rD~ bqD llh t`l~ wqdrh wlqT` `n khtlT lkhly'q wstGrq fy ltml fy HrlHqyq wlm ytklm klman l hw lmqSwr wlmTlwb w lm ytlwn shyy' l m sw lm mwl wlmrGwb mn hdhh lqSh l~ lslTn rt dlslkhyn w nsm@ l`lmyn khlyf@ lm`lm l`Zm slTn mHmd bn Hmd `lyhm lrHm@ wlrDwn sr` l~ srh lsny@ wlHDr@ l`ly flm dkhl fy byth w qrb `nd trsrh tnzl lshykh ljl t`Zym w w twqyrh wjldy `l~ lfrsh mrm mtmkhn w qdr thm Dy` w klm m`h khlm by Thr flm frG `nd lslTn l`Zm qm - khrj mn byshh bkhy mzyn w jls `nd lbb mtsf thm 'rsl l~ HDrt lshykh lml qryh ljl ltjhyz wltkfyn tmm lshykh qTb lqTb SlH ldyn bt mHfZh `ndh l~ lst lHj@ ly drmn mn lz bryn hm rsl ly HDrt lshykh wHd mn frmh w ql lh `rD Hjty `nh HDrth n~ l Htj l~ lmTlb ldnyw yh lfny ln llh t`l~ qd blHn hdh lmblG mn lslTn@ wlHrm l`lyh wlkn lTlb lmnTH lkhr w yh lbqyh mtwq` wrjw blftk l`mym wl`mlk lqdym n tdhhb l~ fy dr ln`ym mSHb lk `nd lq llh lrym zekha ahamada khaTTu magaribInA avasAna agenI teAMdha ] For Private and Personal Use Only

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fj lrswl l~ lshykh l'`Zm w `rD m ql fwD` `l~ lrs wl`yn w thr bh l~ lmtthl frj` lslTn `lyh lkhrmh wlrDwn thm mrlshykh qds srh lkhdmh w mlzmh n tlfZ w ytkrrw bklm@ ltwjyh dh `shw l~ mHtDr mrHl l~ jnb lm`yn flm nqDy thlthh `shr ywm mn lshwl w dkhl llyl mn lrb` `shr mn shtd lmrD w akhrljl w Gmy `lyh s`@ w styn tm fq fqm w jls thm STH` hkdh lshms Drt f`l mr@ w mrtyn flm `nw hdhh lHl@ shtGlw bklm@ ltwHyd Hty mr lSbH btqdyr lmlk lHmyd flm dn wqt Tlw` d`~ lshykh. khdm lkhS SlH ldyn lSlH ldyn flwr lshykh `l~ rsh `mmh w r`~ blkhyr lwl lwldh mn lbnyn thm by` lGlm lshrry lby`@ lmtbyn frtf` mnh nfs m`dwdh w tHrkt lshfh lsfl~ Hrk@ Hqyq@ l tryd@ mqbD mrwHh w dhhb yh ly mkhnh lSly wljnb lqdsy w rf` mn l`lm lsfl~ l~ l`wlm l`lwy fy ywm lkhmys qbl lzwl wkn b`dh md@ `mrh Hd `shr wmy'h tqdyr mlkh lmlkh dhwljll wlkhrm w yzd lfttH wlqsm wlSlwh `l~ syrn d nbyn wHbybn wlslm w`l~ lh lbrr@ lkrm. [ 4 : 22, 3, 127]

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(1) A risAlA parathI e bAbata jaNAtI nathI ke khAne Ajhama "zaraphe jahAM' keNa hatA ? A mahAna vyaktino ullekha "mirAte sikaMdarI" ke "mirAte ahamadI'mAM paNa jovA maLatA nathI. anuvAdake emanuM TUMku nAma noMdhyuM che. je Akhu nAma noMdhyuM hota te emanA asalI nAma parathI te samayanA gujarAtanA samakAlIna zAsake paikI konI sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA tene kayAsa kADhI zakAya. (2) je risAlAne anuvAda karela che te mULa phArasI dastAvejanA nAmano ullekha paNa maLato nathI. taduparAMta anuvAdake mULa phArasI risAlAnA lekhakano ullekha paNa karyo nathI. e uparathI ema kahI zakAya ke te dastAvejI risAle eTale badhe prakhyAta hato ke tenA nAmanidezanI lekhakane jarUra jaNAI nathI. tathA zekhanI vaphAta pachI tarata lakhAyela haze. (3) anuvAdaka noMdhe che ke lekhaka zekhanA prayAsa ane sthAyI jIvananA sAthI rahyA che, tethI temaNe je vAto ane ghaTanAe sagI AMkhe joI te ja lakhI che. kema ke teo "caramadIda gavAha" che. tethI temaNe Thesa vAta lakhI che. sAMbhaLelI bAbate lakhI nathI eTale AnI vizvasanIyatA vadhI jAya che. (4) zekha salAhuddInane zekha ahamada khaTTae putra tarIke dataka lIdhA hatA. temane khilAphata sAMpavAne purAvo paNa AnA lakhANa parathI maLe che. temanI kabara zekhanI kabaranI pAse ja che. () je zIrAjhI vyaktie chellA ApanA hAtha para bayata lIdhI ane murIda banyA, temanuM nAma jANavA maLatuM nathI. paraMtu te vakhate ahamadAbAda ane zIrAjhanA saMbaMdho ane saMparko dhaNA savA hatA. "haste hasIna"nA lekhaka 'jajharIe potAnuM pustaka zIrAjhathI "najImullAha"nA haste "ahamadazAha" bAdazAhanI sevAmAM mokalela. "mahamUda begaDo" tenI duAonuM paThana karatuM hatuM ane teNe "mehammada abu bakra bharUcI" dvArA tene phArasI anuvAda paNa karAvela. "davAnI"nuM avasAna che sa. 908mAM thayela. "davyAnI" ane "jajharI" banne zIrIjhamAM daphana che. "glAnI"nI khyAti ane temanA be ziSya ahamadAbAda pahoMcI gayA hatA. jemanA nAma "ImAduddIna' ane "gAjhanI" hatA. A banne vidvAna pAsethI ahIMnA aneka vidvAnoe vidyA prApti karI hatI. eTale e vakhane anya zIrojhI vyaktio ahIM vasatI hoya evuM paNa kahI zakAya. (6) je A risAle eka ladhu itihAsarUpe hoya to te 13-14 divasanI tArIkha (itihAsa) varNave che. (7) agatyanI vAta e che ke A samakAlIna hastaprata eka bAbata aMge mite sikaMdarI'nI viruddha jAya che mirAte sikaMdarInA lekhaka ema nedhe che ke bAdazAhane jyAre ApanI gaMbhIra mAMdagInA samAcAra maLyA to te Apane maLavA jato hato ke rastAmAM tene ApanI vaphAtanA samAcAra maLyA. - 5Na A hastaprata pramANe bAdazAha pote paNa zekha ahamadane maLyA ane emaNe ja emanI kakana-daphananI tayArI mATe madada karI hatI. je upara anuvAdamAM vistRta rIte varNavavAmAM aAvyuM che, 1. "miraane sikaMdarI, pR. 64 zekha ahamada khaTu magaribInA avasAna aMgenI noMdha] 15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sAhitya ane saMzodhana hariprasAda zAstrI, - anveSaNanAM sAdhanomAM vADU.maya (vANImAM vyakta thayelAM) sAdhane mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che, kema ke emAM vyaktivizeSa, sthaLavizeSo, ghaTanA vizeSa vagerenuM nAmAbhidhAna sAthe vigatavAra nirUpaNa thayu hoya che. samakAlIna mAhitI mATe vidyamAna vyaktionI pratyakSa mulAkAte dvArA meLavAtAM teonAM, maukhika nivedana upayogI nIvaDe che. vidyamAna vyaktie, dUrastha vyakitao ane najIkanA bhUtakALanI videha vyakitao mATe teonAM dhvanimudrita vidhAne paNa have upalabdha thaI zake che. paraMtu vADamaya sAdhanamAM sahuthI vipula, sahuthI vadhu vyavasthita, sahuthI vadhu javAbadArI bharyuM ane tethI sahuthI vadhu zraddheya sAdhana likhita vAya che, jene A saMdarbhamAM sAmAnyataH sAhitya tarIke oLakhIe chIe. likhita sAdhananA aneka prakAra che, jemake pustake (jIvanacaritra, AtmakathAo, lalita sAhitya, zAstrIya graMtha, Anuzrutika vRttAMte, lokasAhitya), lekhe. patro, dastAvejo, rajanIzIo, vartamAnapatro vagere. ' itihAsa-lekhananA sAdhana tarIke sIdhA upayogI nIvaDe tevA prAcIna itihAsagranI bhAratamAM ghaNI achata rahelI che. emAMnA ghaNA kAM te Anuzrutika prakAranA athavA te kAvya-prakAranA heI emAMthI itihAsa tAravatA pahelAM enuM ghaNuM saMzodhana (parIkSaNa ane zuddhIkaraNa) apekSita rahe che. sAMskRtika ItihAsa mATe te saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, tamiLa-telugu-kannaDa, arabI-phArasI vagere bhASAomAM lakhAyela savavidha sAhitya varaoche aMze upayogI che. arvAcIna itihAsa ane saMskRtinA anveSaNa mATe arvAcIna bhAratIya (tathA videzI) bhASAomAM lakheluM sarvavidha sAhitya ghaNe aMze madadarUpa nIvaDe che. paraMtu prAcIna, madhyakAlIna ne arvAcIna-tamAma sAhityano anveSaNane sAdhana tarIke upayoga karatAM enI pAThazuddhi tathA enA tarkayukta arthadhaTana aMge pUratuM saMzodhana apekSita che. ' sahuthI pahelAM pAThazuddhinI vAta karIe. jema lakhANa vadhu jUnu, tema enI pAThazaddhi mATe vadhu anaveSaNa-saMzAdhana karavuM paDe, kemake enA saMkramaNamAM vadhu ne vadhu pratilipio thaI hoya. saMpAdana ane mudraNane laIne vartamAnakAlamAM A aMge muzkelI ghaTI che. maNukalAno upayoga zarU thayo te pahelAM badhu lakhANa bhUjapatra, tADapatra ane kAgaLa jevA padArtho para lakhAtuM ne enA saMkramaNa mATe enI avAranavAra nakala lakhatA-lakhAvatA rahevI paDatI. mAtra zilA dhAtu vagere TakAu padArtha para kotarelAM lakhANa ja enI mULa bhASAmAM tathA mULa lipimAM hajAro varSa lagI akSarazaH yathAvat jaLavAI rahetAM. paraMtu hastalikhita sAhityanI mULa prate te thoDA dasakAomAM ke thoDA saikAomAM naSTa thaI jatI. AthI pachInA kAlamAM enuM saMkramaNa thata rahe te mATe avAranavAra enI pratilipi, pratipratilipi...ema nakalo karatA-karAvatA rahevI nivRtta adhyakSa, e. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda 126] [sAmIpya : okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paDatI. vaLI te te samayanI aneka vyaktionA paThana-pAThana mATe paNa dareka upayogI graMthanI aneka prati lakhavI-lakhAvavI paDatI. bhAratanuM prAcIna sAhitya hajAro varSa jeTaluM purAtana che. paraMtu enI vidyamAna hastaprato kisamI sadI pahelAMnI bhAgye ja maLe che. ghaNI kharI prate to teramI sadI pachInI che. A parathI hastapratAnA nazvara svarUpano khyAla Ave che. dharmagraMthe paikI ghaNu graMtha maukhika paraMparA dvArA tathA satata pratilipikaraNa dvArA sArA pramANamAM jaLavAI rahyA che, paraMtu itara sAhityanA aneka graMtha enA saMkramaNa mATe pratilipikaraNanI tathA hastapratanA saMrakSaNanI prakriyA cAlu na rahetAM hameza mATe lupta thaI gayA che. emAMnA keTalAkanAM ke enA kartAonAM nAma pachInA sAhityamAM ulikhita thayAM che. te keTalAkanA amaka a' pachInA sAhityamAM utAravAmAM AvyA che. dA. ta. kavivara kAlidAse "mAlavikAgnimitra" nATakanI prastAvanAmAM bhAsa, saumillaka ane kavitra nAme prasiddha nATayakArone ulekha karyo che, te paikI bhAsa-racita nATake cheka 1912 mAM prakAzita thayAM, jyAre saumila ane kaviputranAM koI nATaka hajI prakAzamAM AvyAM nathI. azvaSakta "zAriputra-prakaraNa"nI pratanAM thoDAM patra ja maLyAM che; enA "rASTrapala' nATakano mAtra ullekha ja upalabdha che. rUpakanA vividha prakAranA udAharaNarUpe nATyazAstranA prAcIna graMthomAM ulikhita aneka rUpake hAla nAmazeSa che. mudrArAkSasa"nA kartA vizAkhadattanA "devIcaMdragupta'' nATakanI paNa hajI koI prata maLI nathI, paraMtu emAMnA keTalAka aMza "nATayadarpaNa"mAM udAhata karAyA che. grIka elacI meganIsanI nDikA" paNa mULasvarUpe lupta che, jyAre anukAlIna pustakamAM utArelA enA keTalAka aMza upalabdha che. koI paNa lakhANanI Adarza pratamAM ya kaMI ne kaMI azuddhio AvI jatI hoya che. dA. ta. gAMdhIjInA patramAMnI keTalIka tArIkhomAM tArIkha, mahinA ke varSanI ya bhUlo mAlUma paDI che. AthI ghaNA prAcIna lekhake pote lakhelA pustakanI pratanuM potAnA koI vidvAna mitra pAse ke ziSya pAse saMzodhana karAvatA. hAla te prAcIna lekhakenI svalikhita Adarza prata bhAgye ja maLe che. jenA AdhAre enI vartamAna AvRttio chapAya che te hastaprata te e lupta Adarza pratanI pratilipinI yu daradaranI pratilipi hoya che. dareka pratilipimAM dRSTideSathI yA saratacUkathI akSarasamUhanA parivartana, lepa ne umerAnI azuddhionuM pramANa vadhatuM jAya che. keTalIka vAra pratilipikAra potAnI buddhi anusAra pitAne azuddha lAgatA azuddha pAThane zuddha karavA mathe che tyAre te moTe bhAge Adarza pratane vadhu vikRta karI bese che. jJAnezvarI gItAne pATha bane traNa varSamAM eTalo badhe duSita thaI gayA hatA ke upalabdha hastapratonA AdhAre eTalA vakhatamAM ekanAthe enuM saMzodhana karavuM paDeluM. A mATe De. kanuM "Indian Textual criticism' (bhAratIya pAThasamIkSA ) upayogI che. mahAbhArata, harivaMza ane rAmAyaNanI saMzodhita AvRttiomAM enI bhinna vAcanAomAM keTalA badhA adhyA ane zloke prakSipta nIvaDyA che !" huM sUtaputrane nahi varu" ke zrIkRSNanA pUrvaja yadu caMdravaMzanA nahi paNa sUryavaMzanA hatA ke "nUpurameva janAmi" jevI keTalI nizcita jevI mAnyatAo have prakSipta karI che ! te pachI je purANenI saMzodhita AvRtti ja thaI nathI, tenI mudrita sAhitya ane saMzodhana ] [127 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsun Gyanmandir Attio para keTalo AdhAra rakhAya pahelAM? bhArata yuddhanA samaya sudhI, pachI pAMDavo pachInI pAMceka peDhI sudhI ane chelle gupta rAjyanA udaya sudhInI vaMzAvaLIonI anukRtio purANomAM saMgrahIta thaI temAM bhaviSyakAlano prayoga karI AgAhIrUpe ApelI mauryAdi vaMzonI anuzrutie etihAsika nIvaDI, jyAre dUranA bhUtakALanI vaMzAvaLIonI etihAsikatA mATe hajI vadhu baheya pramANanI apekSA rahe che. "bhaviSya purANa"mAM to aMgreja rANI vikaToriyA sudhInA atIta zAsakone anAgata tarIke raju karI devAyA! paNa purANe mudrita thaI gayA pachI AvA prakSepanI paraMparA aTakI paDI. evI rIte vyAsa jevA prAcIna RSione nAme ke ziva jevA devone nAme paNa aneka graMtha lakhAyA. "itizrI skaMdapurANe revAkha De....." kahevAtA graMthamAM satyanArAyaNanI kathA che kharI? skaMdapurANa ane padmapurANa to evAM daLadAra che ke emAM anekAneka khaMDa umerAtA rahyA che, jemAMnA , paNa te 15-16 mI sadI pachInA che. "agnipurANa" ghaNe aMze jJAnakoza jevuM banI gayuM che, "bhArata 5NuM AkhyAno ane upAkhyAnonA umeraNathI "mahAbhArata" thaI gayuM che, jANe ke "AkhyAnasaritsAgara" na hoya! AthI AvA badhA graMthanI a-saMzodhita AvRttionA AdhAre mAhitI tAravavAmAM ghaNI sAvadhatA rAkhavI paDe. | bhAratanA prAcIna sAhityamAM bIjI meTI muzkelI samayAMkananI che. graMthakAre pitAne purato paricaya Ape ane kRtinI racanAno samaya Ape evuM ghaNuM ochA graMthomAM jovA maLe che. kAli. hAsano samaya AMkavAmAM enI saMbhavita pavamaryAdA ane uttaramaryAdA vacce keTalo moTo gALo rahelo che. ne temAM ya pachInA lekhaka kAlidAsa, mAdha ane bhoja jevAone samasAmayika banAvI daI tenAM milana thaje che tyAre to hada AvI jAya che. kationA bAhya tathA AMtarika parIkSaNa parathI ene sApekSa kAlakrama tAravI zakAya. veda saMhitA karatAM yajurveda saMhitA anukAlIna, saMhitAo karatAM brAhmaNo ane brAhmaNe karatAM upaniSada anukAlIna, veda karatAM vedAMga ane zruti karatAM smRti anukAlIna ema kahI zakAya. paraMtu RgvamAM ke mahAbhAratamAM AvatA nakSatro ane tArAonA ulekhanA AdhAre enuM samayAMkana karavAmAM bIba nA muddA ye lakSamAM levA paDe. bhASAkIya dRSTie vartamAna rAmAyaNa vartamAna mahAbhArata karatAM anukalIna che e enAM bhASAkIya svarUponI tulanA na karI jaNanArane gaLe utaravuM muzkela lAge che. ne rAmacaritamAM vAlmIki rAmAyaNanI bhinnabhinna vAcanAe te che ja. e uparAMta pusaNomAM ApelI ekavAkuonI vaMzAvaLI, padmapurANamAMnuM rAmacarita, "raghuvaMza'mAMnI vaMzAvaLI ane vasthAnacarita, jene rAmAyaNa, drAviDa rAmAyaNa, jAvAI rAmAyaNa-evI enI ya keTakeTalI bhinalina kathA-paraMparAo ! rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratamAM nirUpita ghaTanAo parathI aneka kavioe kAvya tathA nATakAnI racanA karI tyAre temAM ghaTanAomAM keTalAka nATayocita pheraphAra karyA. vAlmIkinI sItA ane bhavabhUtinI sItA ke mahAbhAratanI zakuMtalA ane kAlidAsanI zakuMtalA vacce keTalo phera che ! ne enI sAthe zAMtArAmanI zakuMtalA ke peTalIkaranI zakuMtalAne sarakhAvIe to ? | gujarAtI sAhityamAM je atihAsika kahevAtI navalakathAo ane aitihAsika kahevAtAM nATako lokapriya thayAM che teNe ghaNu vAcakonA manamAM aitihAsika pAtro ane temanAM vartane vize bhAta 128] [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, 84-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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bhAtanA khyAla UbhA karyA che. pramANita caritagraMtha ane sarjanAtmaka sAhitya vacceno bheda lakSamAM rAkha keTaluM jarUrI che! dA. ta. mInaLadevI, kAkanI maMdI ke mAdhava mahetA vize munazInI navalakathAone ke solaMkI athavA gupta rAja nIo vize dhUmaketunI navalakathAone ItihAsanA vidyArthIo AdhAra tarIke svIkArI le che ! teone kayAMthI khyAla Ave ke je caulAdevIne traNa traNa navalakathAkAroe seMkaDo pAnAMmAM nirUpI che te to mULamAM "baulAdevI" (bakulAdevI) hatI ne ene vize prabaMdhomAM mAMDa dasa lITI lakhAI hatI. . rAjakIya itihAsa mATe sIdhI upayogI nIvaDe tevI prAcIna kRtio juja saMkhyAmAM upalabdha che. kahaNa-kRta "rAjataraMgiNI" jevI kRtio virala che ne te paNa graMthakAranA najIkanA samaya mATe ja vadhu zraddheya che. "yAzraya" jevA kAvyamAM vyAkaraNanAM udAharaNe ane rAjacaritanuM kAvyocita nirUpaNa mukhya che, tenI AgaLa ghaTanAono krama ane enI vAstavikatA gauNa banI jAya che. kaumudI' ane "sukRtasaMkIrtana" jevAM kAvyomAM mukhya abhigama nAyakanI prazastine che, ne prazasti-racanAmAM kavio atizayoktio tathA kAvyamaya kapanAone bhAre mahattva ApatA. - caulukya rAjAonA rAjakArehaNa tathA rAjyakAlanA samayanI vigate jaina prabaMdhomAM ghaNuM pramANamAM jaLavAI che. emAMnA aneka prasaMga upayogI mAhitI pUrI pADe che, paraMtu sAMpradAyika daSTie AvatA rAgadveSanI enA para ghaNI asara rahelI che. muslima lekhakenA tavArIkha graMtho samakAlIna itihAsagraMtho tarIke ThIkaThIka upayogI che. paraMtu temAM ya islAmadhama, muslima koma ane tavArIkhanAyaka sulatAna taraphanA pakSapAtanI moTI maryAdA rahelI che. yati raMgavijayanI "gUjaradezabhUpAvalI"mAM nAma, krama ane varSonI bAbatamAM aneka vigatoSa jovA maLe che. aitihAsika ItihAsanA anveSaNanI dRSTie purANa, caritakA, etihAsika nATaka, AkhyAyikAo ItyAdinuM vivecanAtmaka adhyayana thatuM rahyuM che; bIjI bAju emAMthI maLatI mAhitIne samakAlIna abhilekho, sikakAo, purAvazeSo vagere anya sAdhanomAMthI maLatI mAhitI sAthe meLavIne cakAsavAmAM Ave che ne sAhityamAMthI maLatI mAhitIne emAMnI atyuktio (tathA alpokitao), gALA daIne saMzodhita karavAmAM Ave che. puNemAM ApelI aitihAsika anuzrutionuM vivecanAtmaka adhyayana pAjiTara vageree karyuM che. gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsanuM nirUpaNa A arvAcIna dRSTie phArbase "rAsamAlA"mAM zarU karyuM tene paM. bhagavAnalAla IndrajIe pUrNa svarUpa ApeluM, je 1898mAM muMbaI gejheTiyaranA graMtha 1mAM prakAzita thayuM. e pachI zrI rasikalAla parIkha, zrI durgAzaMkara zAstrI vageree ene vikasAvyuM. salatanata kAla mATe che. kaumisariyata ane zrI ratnamaNirAve mahattvanuM pradAna karyuM. mughala tathA marAThAkAla mATe pro. komisariyeta ane arvAcInakAla mATe zrI hIrAlAla nirUpaNa karyuM che. maitrakakAla, kSatrapAla, selaMkI kAla vagere vize anya vidvAnoe paNa itihAsa lakhyo che. je. je. vidyAbhavana taraphathI "gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa"nI graMthamAlA taiyAra thaI che, jemAM graMtha 1 thI 9 ne samAveza thAya che. aneka tajajJonA sahakArathI emAM rAjakIya tathA sAMskRtika itihAsanAM vividha pAsAne AvarI levAyAM che. vaidika sAhityanuM bhASAsvarUpa prakRSTa saMskRta bhASA-svarUpa karatAM vadhu prAcIna che. emAMnA keTalAya zabdanI vyutpatti cheka yAskanA samayamAM (I. pU. 6 ThThI sadImAM) ya anizcita banI gaI hatI. aneka zabdonA kharA artha sAyaNanA samayamAM (I. sa.nI 14 mI sadImAM) aspaSTa banI cUkyA hatA ne mAhitya ane saMzodhana [129 For Private and Personal Use Only

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je atha saMkrAnta thayA hatA te yAjJika paraMparAnA hatA. pazcimanA vidvAnoe tulanAtmaka bhASAzAstra tathA tulanAtmaka purANakathA uparAMta dareka zabdanA saMdarbhano tulanAtmaka abhyAsa karIne keTalAya zabdanA bhinna artha sUcavyA, je rUDha artha karatAM vadhu vAstavika ane yathArtha lAge. purANa, mahAbhArata ane rAmAyaNa e to bhAratIya itihAsa ane saMskRtinA abhyAsa mATenA ' abhivAya Akaro che. mahAkAvya karatAM e sUbodha che. prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa ane sa - tinA abhyAsIo mATe e prakAranI saMrakata bhASA samajavI anivArya che. aitihAra nATa ane AkhyAyikAo tathA prabaMdhanuM sarva sAhitya anuvAdamAM upalabdha nathI ne anuvAde paNa pUratA zraddheya hovA jarUrI che. nahi to "rAvaNe dAravIyaM" ne badale "rAvaNedAravIya:' samajAya ne zivaputra gaNeza ane tejapAlanI sodarIo te suMdarIo (sudara patnIo) banI jAya ! zuddha joDaNI ane pAribhASika zabdono prayoga aMge gujarAtImAM lakhanAra mATe paNa saMskRta bhASAnuM eTale jJAna anivArya che. itihAsa-saMskRtinI mAhitInA sAdhana tarIke temaja bhAratIya Arya bhASAonI saMmuti samajavA mATe prAkRta bhASAnuM jJAna paNa Avazyaka che, bhAratanA prAcIna, madhyakAlIna ane arvAcIna itihAsanI sAhityika-sAdhanasAmagrInI vigata De. sayanAbahena zAhanA laghugraMthamAM ApelI che. "gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsanI sAdhanasAmagrImAM meM pahelA vyAkhyAnamAM sAhityika sAdhanasAmagrInI samIkSA karI che. A sAmagrInuM tarkazuddha rIte parIkSaNa-saMzodhana karI enuM athadhaTana karavAmAM tathA ene itihAsamAM upayoga karavAmAM kevI kALajI rAkhavI joIe e legoIsa ane seInabase teonA indroDakazana Tu dha sTaDI opha hisTarI'mAM vigatavAra samajAvyuM che. emAMnuM "no DokayumenTa, ne hisTarI" vidhAna saMskRta sAhityanA suprasiddha vRttikAra mallinAthanA nAmUDha jhirate viMcita e vidhAnanI yAda Ape che. arvAcIna itihAsanA anveSaNamAM ahIM piTugIjha Daca ane Deniza lakhANanI mULa sAmamIne upayoga karI jaNanAra jaja che. te te samayanA sAhityamAMthI sAMskRtika itihAsa mATe vipula sAmagrI maLe che. khatapatro, patravyavahAra, karAro ane rojanIzIo jevA dastAvejonAM daphataromAMthI te te samayanA rAjakIya itihAyanI vipula mAhitI prApta thAya che. gujarAta-saurASTra-kacchanAM dezI rAjapanA itihAsa mATe vahIvaMcAonA copaDA uparAMta zilAlekhe, pALiyAlekha ane sikkA lekho temaja temanA dastAvejo(AkaIss)mAM vipula sAmagrI rahelI che, jeno itihAsamAM upayoga karavA bAkI che. 130] siAmIpya : okaTobara, 97-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paMDitarAja jagannAthanA mate upamA ane rUpakane zAbdabodha nIlAMjanA sAha+ saMskRta alaMkArazAstramAM u5mAM ane rUpaka e baMne alaMkAranuM svataMtra astitva badhA ja alaMkArazAstrIo svIkAre che tema chatAM, e baMne vacce ghaNuM sAmya hovAne lIdhe, te baMne vacce rahelA taphAvatane pitapotAnI ja rIte spaSTa karavA mathe che. jagannAtha e baMne vacce taphAvata nyAyanI paribhASAmAM, zAbdabodhanA valakSI dvArA darzAve che, te temanuM AgavuM pradAna che. temaNe A viSayanI carcA, temanA graMtha "rasagaMgAdharamAM, lakSaNanA nirUpaNanA saMdarbhamAM karI che. tethI e vizenI TakI bhUmikA ApavI Avazyaka che. jagannAtha abhidhA, lakSaNa ane vyaMjanA e traNa vRttione svIkAre che ane abhidhA ane lakSaNonuM vistArathI nirUpaNa kare che. lakSaNAnuM lakSaNa te naiyAyikAne anusarIne "raMgA rakSA' evuM Ape che. te anvayApapattine nahIM, paNa tAryAnupapattine lakSaNAnuM bIja mAne che. tAtpayanupapatti eTale vaktAnA tAtpayane bodha na thavAthI vAkaSArthanI vizrAti thatI nathI, mATe lakSaNanI jarUra paDe che. temaNe lakSaNanA mukhya be bheda rzAvI prayojana vatI lakSaNAnA gaNI ane zuhA ema be prakAre darzAvyA che. temAM gauNa lakSaNAnA be peTA prakAro sApa lakSaNa ane sAdhyavatsAnA lakSaNa darzAvyA che. sAropA lakSaNone samajAvatAM kahyuM che ke, viSAvici: prathayuniTi ApatA tatra gAna (morena saritA sArA! temaNe goNI sAropA lakSaNanA udAharaNa tarIke "murdhannA e rUpakane ApyuM che. teno zAbdabodha temaNe "radradAminaM muvama' evo Avyo che, have prazna e thAya che ke, "khavuM :" e rUpakane lAtha "radrata muham' ane ' i mulama' e upamAmAM pharaka zuM che ? A baMneno zAkhadha-paNa "rajadAmina' evA samAna AkArane jaNAya che. annAda muvana' e upamAmAM raja ane saMdaza pada vaccenA vizeSaNa- viSya saMbadhanuM jJAna saMsaga eTale ke saMbaMdhanA baLathI thAya che, jyAre "murja ' rUpakamAM eka ja ra pa vaDe be athavA ane "radrata' batAvAyA hovAthI rUdra padane sadA sAthe vizeSaNane saMbaMdha pratIta thato nathI. A dalIla vaDe darzAvAto pharaka saMtoSakAraka nathI. tenI sAme evI dalIla paNa karI zakAya ke bodha vilakSaNyanA AvA najIvA pharakathI, je alakAronuM judApaNa svIkArIzuM to "ndra ruva guNa' ane varadA muvam' ema upamAnA A baMne medAne paNa judA alaMkAro mAnavAnI Apatti Avaze. - A baMne alaMkAro vacce zuM karaka che, te potapotAnI rIte darzAvatA traNa jA mata jagannAthe ApyA che. te atra nita ema kahIne je prathama mata Ape che, tenA mukhya muddAo nIce pramANe che: * gujarAta yunivarsiTI taraphathI 1991 nA DisembaranA trIjA saptAhamAM jAyela paMDitarAja jagannAtha" paranA parisaMvAdamAM vAMcela lekha. + nivRta adhyApaka, saMskRta vibhAga, gujarAta koleja, amadAvAda para paMDitarAja jaganAthanA mate upamA ane rU5kane zAbdabodha 1 : 131 For Private and Personal Use Only

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rUpaka ane upamA vacce svarUpasaMvedana eTale ke zAbdabodhanI bAbatamAM kaI pharaka na hovA chatAM, rUpakamAM tAdrayasaMvedana rUpI je phaLa che, tenI daSTie te alaMkAra upamAthI judo paDe che. tApya saMvedana eTale mukha vagere viSayamAM viyitAvachedaka caMdravanI samyaka pratIti thavI. bhAvArtha e che ke upamAmAM kevaLa sadasyane bodha thAya che, jyAre rUpakamAM sadazyanI upasthiti lAkSaNika caMdra vagere : parathI thAya che. vaLI lakSaNanuM prayojana ja caMdra ane mukhamAM abhedane bodha karAvavAnuM che. have prazna e che ke lakSaNathI prajAtA "tatsadaza e bedhamAMthI tAkya eTale ke abhedapratIti thavAmAM be muzkelI naDe che. prathama muzkelI e che ke keIpaNa arthane baMdha karAvavA mATe zakti athavA lakSaNa jevo upAya kAraNa hoya che. ahI abhedane baMdha karAvavA koI padanI zakti nathI ke lakSaNe paNa kAma lAge tema nathI. bIjI muzkelI e che ke bhedatAna ahIM pratibaMdhaka bane che. Ama upAyanA abhAvamAM. ane pratibaMdhaka hovA chatAM ahI: abhedadha thAya che, ema je mAnIza te upamAne nirUpatA "vandrayadA muma' vAkyamAM paNa abhedabodha thavAne prasaMga Avaze. 2. upayukta matavAdI A zaMkAnuM nirasana karatAM kahe che ke jema zaleSamAM anekArthaka evA eka panA prayogamAMthI upasthita thayelI vyaMjanA te padanA upasthita thayelA baMne arthonI abhedapratIti karAve che. tema ahI paNa vandra ane "sadA" e arthonuM abhedatAna vyaMjanA karAve che. vaLI vyaMjanAthI thatA bodhamAM bAdhanizcaya pratibaMdhaka banatA nathI. hajI koI zaMkA kare ke, mukhatvaviziSTa mukhamAM caMdra tAdrayane pratyaya kevI rIte thAya ? te teno javAba Ape che ke, "va ramasi rite vinA tAMzumate vAkayamAM, viSayamAM viSaya tAkrUNane pratyaya thAya che, e anubhavanI bAbata che. pitAnI dalIlanA samarthanamAM te kahe che : "vatA vayamevRdmayA svatA sudhitathA tamitra tA "i Ane artha e thAya che ke va eTale ke caMdra, tenAM tAkUthI yukta je "vatratA padArtha che. tenI sAthe mukhane abheda che, mATe caMdranuM paNuM mukha sAthe tAdya siddha thAya che. rasagaMgAdhara" paranI saMskRta TIkA "caMdrikA'nA lekhaka paM. badarInAtha jhA A bAbatane saMskRtamAM Ama samajAve che. caMdratAkavAna ya: saMdarAddhamedrazya muveTdhe tAdrasthApi tatra sudharavAta taminAmina tamannavaniyamAtA teo vadhArAmAM noMdhe che ke jagannAthe A mata mATe araci darzAvI che, kAraNa ke svarUpasaMvedanathI thatA vailakSaNyamAM taphAvata darzAvI zakAte heya te pachI phalathI thatA zailakSaNya sudhI javAnI zI jarUra che? "pratye tu' kahIne jagannAthe darzAvela bIjA matane sArI Ama che : caMdra vagere padamAMthI lakSaNu vaDe candra dazarUpe mukha vagere upasthita thAya che, chatAM rUpakasthalamAM, mukha vagere padothI, mukhatva viziSTa rUpamAM upasthita thatA mukha vagere arthonI sAthe, candra padArthane abhedAnvaya te caMdrarUpathI ja thAya che. Ama bhale arthanI upasthiti "nAda" e 35mAM thAya che, paNa anvayabodha te "vatrAmi mum' e rIte candravarUpe ja thAya che. te kahe che ke nadrAri' para AdhArita lakSaNavRttinuM je jJAna che tene te padano avarachedaka dharma eTale ke caddhatva jemAM prakAra che, tevI jAtinA lakSyArthIne eTale ke candradazano bAdha thavAmAM kAraNa mAnIe chIe. TakamAM bhAvArtha e che ke A mata pramANe lakSyAthane zAbdabodhamAM mukhyArthIne ave chedakAma cokkasapaNe hoya che. 132 ] [sAmIpya : kabara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ke A matanI sAme e vAMdho laI zake ke A rIte samajAvavAmAM, padArthopasthiti ane zAbdabodha samAna prakAranAM hovA joIe. e niyama sacavAto nathI. A vAMdhAnA javAbamAM A matavALA evuM samAdhAna kare che ke uparyukta niyamane lakSaNa vyApAramAM lAgu na pADavo joIe. kAraNa ke lakSaNu A niyamamAM apavAda ja che. - A matane rajU karanAra lo ko kALAM ghas: e lakSaNAvAkathane pitAnI rIte Ama samajAve che : ahI' gaga parathI, taTavarUpayukta taTa e lakSyAthanI upasthiti prathama thAya che, paNa pachI te taTavayukta taTana gaMgAnI sAthe anvayabodha thAya che ane tene lIdhe ja taTamAM gaMgAnA zetya. pAvanatva vagere guNonI pratIti thAya che. A samajutI sAthe mammaTa vagere prAcInae kahelI vAta baMdha bese che. prastuta rUpakanA udAharaNa "muhUM candraH'mAM viSayI candra vageremAM rahelA asAdhAraNa guNo jevA keAhlAdakatva vagerenI mukhya viSayamAM pratIti thavI e lakSaNanuM phaLa che. e phaLa mATe mukhamAM caDhatvanI pratIti thavI anivArya che. vaLI prAcInae AgalA matamAM je tApasa vedananI vAta karI che, temAM temane paNa tenAthI asAdhAraNa guNavatva ja abhipreta che. A pramANe upamA karatAM rUpakamAM svarUpasaMvitti (prAthamika zAbdabodha) ane phalIbhUta saMvitti (lakSaNAnA prajananI pratIti)-baMne vilakSaNa che, tethI baMne vacce spaSTa bheda che. "atu' kahIne je trIjo mata jaganAthe darzAvyo che, te pramANe bhedathI mizrita sadazya e upamAno, ane bheda vinAnuM abhedarUpa sAda e rUpakano prANa che. A mata pramANe radda muva' e upamA sthalamAM 'dra miznama ivadravrutti]nayukta muvam evo bodha thAya che, jyAre "mua va' e rUpakamAM kevaLa vandravRttinuyuvata muvama' evo bodha thAya che. A pramANe svarUpathI ja A baMne alaMkAra vacce bheda darzAvI zakAya che, to pachI phala-prayukta bheda sudhI javAnI jarUra paNa zI che? vaLI A matane svIkAravAthI lakSaNathI thatI bhedagarbha sadasya pratipattimAMthI tAdrapratItirUpI - phala kevI rIte saMbhave e anupattine parihAra karavA koI prayatna paNa ahIM karavo paDato nathI. eno artha e che ke vyaMjanAthI thatA badhamAM bAdhanizcaya pratibandhaka thato nathI, ema kahevAnI paNa jarUra nahIM paDe, kAraNa ke jaganAthe rU5kasthalamAM bhedathI amizrita sadazyane bodha lakSaNathI mAnya che. jaganAtha upamA tathA rUpakavALA vAkaSamAne zAbdabodha viSenA prAcInanA traNa mata darzAvIne, have nagAranu' kahIne navIna AlaMkArikAnA mata Ape che. A navya AlaMkArike "mu va:' vAhI nau:, vagere udAharaNomAM, abhedanI pratIti thavA mATe lakSaNane svIkAratA nathI. uparyukta vAkayomAM lakSaNa vinA ja abheda saMsargathI anvayabodha thAya che, ema navIna mAne che. teo kahe che ke jema AhAya jJAnane bAdhanizcaya pratibaMdhaka banatuM nathI, tema zAbdajJAna mATe paNa thavuM joIe. Ama karavAthI mukha te caMdra zI rIte hoI zake e bAdhanizcaya zAbdabodhane naDaze nahIM. bA sthAne paNa zabdArthone anyAya thaI zake che, e siddhAMta sAthe, atyaMta asatya hoya tevA padArthanuM jJAna paNa zabda karAve che, e prAcInono mata baMdha bese che. A bAbatamAM, mAtra, yogyatA jJAnanI zarata rAkhavI joIe. jethI vAhanA sidgati' jevAM vAkyomAMthI zAbdabodha thavAnI Apatti na AvI paDe. A mata pramANe nandrAtinA maDha-saMgvadhava-muvam' evo zAbabodha thaze. navIne kahe paMDitarAja jagannAthanA mate upamA ane rUpakane zAbdabodha] [133 For Private and Personal Use Only

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che ke A rIte purva vandra: nahI: vagere vAkyomAM ISTa camatkAra prayojavAnA jJAnane adhIna ApaNI icchA hoya che, tethI AhAya yogyatA jJAnanuM sAmrAjya che. vaktA jANe che ke "purva jajaH ne zAbdabodha bAdhita che, chatAM te yogyatAnI daSTie thatA bApane gaNakArato nathI, tethI baMdha thaI zake che, kAraNa ke buddhithI eNe gyatA mAnI lIdhI hoya che. AvI gyatAne AhArya yogyatA kahe che. AthI spaSTa thAya che ke A zabdabodhanA kAraNa tarIke prAcIne e AhArya yogyatA jJAnane gayuM che te barAbara che. - have navIno bIjo vikalpa Ape che. lakSaNa vinA, baMne vAcya arthonA abheda anvayanI upapatti mATe AhAya yogyatA jJAnanI kalpanAmAM je gaurava AvatuM hoya te be bAdhita vAgye arthonA abhedAnyaya bodhane ja AhAya mAnI le. Ama karavAthI mae nadramAM bAdhanizcaya hovA chatAM, caMdrathI mukhya abhina che, evo bodha pitAne thAya e icchAthI te zAkha bodha thaze. Ama kahevAthI zAbdatAna bAdhabuddhithI pratibaddha thatuM nathI. tathA zAbedhamAM yogyatAjhAna kAraNa hoya che, ema kahevAnI jarUra nahIM rahe. vaLI mAtra pratyakSa jJAna ja AhAya hAya che. zAbajJAna AhAya nathI hotuM, evu paNa navIne mAnatA nathI. * navIna e paNa spaSTa kare che ke prAcInoe ApelA gauNa sAropa lakSaNanA mu sara: udAharaNamAM mu ane vandra e be vAgyArthIne abhedAnvaya svIkAravo joIe. nahI ke vAya (mu) ane lakSya ( 2darA)ne. navIne kahe che ke, "zananArAya strIsvAnAsTikati nimaNUM'mAM prAcInoe rUpaka alaMkAra mAnyo che ane "ghAnuSaM mavatu ne vinA manumAra rAjJItamanoharamakhriyA:"mAM upamA alaMkAra mAnyA che, te temanA pitAne mata 5Nu vAcya ane lakSyane abhehAnvaya levAthI asaMgata kaze. prAcIna evI dalIla kare che ke prathama udAharaNamAM upamA mAnIzu te nArAyaNasadaza rAjane lakSmInA AliMgananI anaYpatti Ave che ane bIja udAharaNumAM rUpaka mAnIzuM' te kamala sAthe sumIra' e vizeSaNa anupapanna lAgaze. navIne temanI A dalIlane toDI pADatAM kahe che ke je tame vAya ane lakSyane abhedAvaya levAnA ja che to pachI bhalene baMne udAharaNamAM rUpaka ke upamA game te mAne. 5Nu anupatti te rahevAnI ja che, kAraNa ke "rAnanArAyaNa'ne bodha "nArA nasadA rAnA' ja thaze ane pAvunane bedha vuDadA pADhathazetethI paNa anukrame lakSmIkatRka AliMgananI ane "majhumIra' vizeSaNanI anupa parita thaze. mATe rUpaka sthalamAM be vAgyArthIne abhedAnvaya mAnavAthI ja prAcInono mata susaMgata lAgaze ema navInonuM kahevuM che. navIne eka pUvapakSa kapIne enI dalIla Ape che, te evI dalIla karI karI zake ke munaH " vagere samAsamAM upayukta rItithI lakSaNa vinA baMdha thaI zake tema mAnIe, paNa vyAsasthalamAM to lakSaNane kazuM bAdhaka nathI, te tyAM lakSaNuM mAnI zakAya. A dalIlanA khaMDana mATe navIna "var sudhA signa je mAM tApamUrzitam vAkya temanI AgaLa dhare che. ahIM paNa je lakSaNa svIkArI te "sakharaphA" e bodha thaze ane te secana sAthe anu55ne Tharaze, kAraNa ke kAnuM siMcana thaI zakatuM nathI. Ama samAsa vinAnA sthaLomAM paNa lakSaNa mAnavA jatAM anu55tti Ave che. 134] [sAmIpyaH oNkaTobara, 3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A Apatti TALavA kAI ema kahe ke signa' e kriyApadane paNa yAjana rUpa a.mAM lAkSaNika mAnIe te| 'sudhAsadRza kRpAthI mane yukta karA" e atha saMgata thaze. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir A dalIlanuM khaMDana karatAM navIneA kahe che ke jema utprekSA vagerene bAda karatAM, atizayAkti apa tuti vagere alaMkAramAM kevaLa AhA` jJAnathI zAbdoAdhanI upatti sadhAya che, tema rUpakamAM paN e kAma AhAya' jJAnathI thAya che, te pachI tyAM lakSaNA mAnavAnu` kAI kAraNa nathI ane ema karavuM te anubhavanI paNa viruddha che. navInA prAcInAnA matanuM khaMDana karavA khIjI paNa eka yukti ajamAve che. mulacandra:' rUpakamAM sa~pamAna vAcaka 'candra' vagere padatI upamAnasadaza eTale ke cadrasadaza e atha'mAM lakSaNA karavAmAM Ave che, ema prAcInA mAne che. caMdrasadazanA avacchedaka dhama sAdazya che, te samAna dhama rUpanu` hAya che. have prazna e che ke lakSyAMzamAM sAdasyarUpI samAna dhama" su Mdaratva vagere vizeSarUpe pratIta thAya che ke sAmAnya rUpe? jo te vizeSarUpe pratIta thaze te mundra mula' candra: vageremAM punaH rukti Ave che. AnA bacAvamAM evu' paNa nahIM kahevAya ke te sivAya bIjo sAdhAraNu dha pratIta thAya che, kAraNa ke- aGkinA nyakSasaMghAtaiH sarerAgANi sadaiva hi / zarIriNAM zarIrANi kamalAni na saMzayaH // vagere zleSayukta rUpakAmAM 'rezana' ityAdi sivAya bIjo kAI sAdhAraNa dhama` pratIta thatA nathI. . jo ema mAnIe ke A sAzya sAmAnyarUpe pratIta thAya che, te te dareka rUpakamAM pratIta thaze ane mAthI kathA jevuM thaze, tethI rUpakane bale evA dareka sthaLe upamA ala`kAra gaNAze. AnA bacAvamAM evuM na kahezo ke upamAmAM sAzya vAcyA rUpe Avavu joIe, kema ke enI sAme najinapratipakSamAnanam' jevA upamAnA samAnya udAharaNamAM upamA nathI evuM kahevuM paDaze. vaLI rUpakamAM lakSaNA mAnavAmAM khIjI eka Apatti paNa Ave che. kema ke 'vidrammAnasasa' jevAM zliSTa para parita rUpakanA dRSTAMtamAM anyAnyAzrayane! dASa Avaze, mATe navIneA bhArapU` kahe che ke AvA rUpakamAM paNa e nAmArthAnI abhedAnvaya karavAnI rIta ja sArI che. sadaza lakSaNAnuM prayeAjana rUpakamAM tAdraSyapratIti karAvavAnuM che, evI lakSaNAvAdIonI dalIla pazu gaLe UtaratI nathI, kAraNa ke te svIkAravAthI 'tasadarA' e zabdamAMthI sAkSyanI pratIti thaze ane aa pachI 'valadAmulam' upamAmAM paNa tAtlRkhanI pratIti thayAnI Apatti Avaze. Ama navInAne mate rUpasthalamAM sadaza lakSaNA mAnavAnI paNa jarUra nathI. rUpamAM lakSaNAnA virodha karanAra navItAnI dalIlonuM jagannAtha nIce pramANe khaMDana kare che. ke nAmAnA abhedAnvaya kheAdhathI ja upatti thavAne lIdhe rUpakamAM lakSaNAnI jarUra nathI, ema karA che te barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke camatkAraka sAdhAraNa dhama'nI anupasthitimAM rUpakAlaMkAramAM camatkAra Avatu nathI athavA, teA alaMkAranI niSpatti thatI nathI, dA. ta. mAratuM nAma3jam| ane nAra` vidhuma'm' A be vAkayAmAM anukrame 'suvati' ane 'sam' e sAdazyAvacchedaka padA na umerIe tyAM sudhI rUpakane khyAla AvatA nathI. te ja pramANe 'mula' vandra:nI bAbatamAM paNa samajavuM, jyAM sAdhAraNa dharmAM prasiddha hAya tyAM tenA kheAdhaka zabdo vaDe tenA kathananI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI, paNa jyAM te aprasiddha DrAya tyAM tenu zabdathI kathana jarUrI che, eTalA ja pharaka prasiddha paMDitarAja jagannAthanA mate upamA ane rUpakane [ 135 zAmeAdha ] For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane aprasiddha rUpaka vacce che, tethI sAdasyajJAna vinAnA ekalA abheda jJAnathI rU5kanI pratIti nathI ane kadAca mAne ke thAya to paNa camatkAra niSpanna thato nathI. navInanA mate te upamAna ane upameya vacce AhAya abhedajJAna thavA mATe sAdhAraNa dharmAdi ke anya koI vAtanI apekSA nathI. jaganAtha navInanI dalIlanuM bIjI rIte khaMDana karatAM kahe che ke evuM na kahezo ke AhAya padArthayanI abheda buddhi mATe ke tene lagatA camatkAra mATe vizeSa sAdhAraNa dharmanuM jJAna Avazyaka che, kAraNa ke nIcenA zlokamAM sAdhAraNa dharmanI pratItinA abhAvamAM paNa amedAnvaya thAya che ? yadyanupNo bhaved vahniH yadyazIta bhavejjalam / manye dRDhavrato rAmastadA syAdapyasatyavAk / / AmAM sAdhAraNa dhamanI pratItinA abhAvamAM "vArcanA" vagere ane rAmanA "atyaTa'. vacce abheda pratyaya che. ema paNa nahIM kahevAya ke sAdhAraNa dharmanI anupasthitimAM amedabodha thatA nathI, e niyama upamAnopameyabhAva hoya tyAM ja lAgu paDe, kAraNa ke "mu' vaDhi varadra: thAt tA muvyavasthita naM thAtu' mAM sAdhAraNa dhamane nirdeza nathI, chatAM abhedapratIti thAya che. mATe jayAM upamAnepameyabhAvanI vivekSA nathI, tyAM sAdhAraNa dharmanI anupasthitimAM abheda mAnI zakAya evI navInanI vAta paNa svIkArI zakAya tema nathI. . pUrvapakSanA navIna evI dalIla karI zake ke rUpakamAM mAtra sadazalakSaNuM che, ema svIkArIza to viSaya ane viSayI vacce tAdAmya nahI rahe. kAraNa ke rUpakamAM je abhedano bodha thAya che, te te upameya ane upamAnasadaza (mukha ane caMdrasadaza) vacce thAya che. AvA abhedanA abhAvamAM, 'siM dena sada nA hitu siMhai nAdhin:" jevAM vAkyo je mukhyatve ane upamAna vacce abheda darzAvavA prayojAyAM che. te arthahIna jaNAze. jagannAtha A dalIlano javAba ema Ape che ke A zaMkA pAyA vagaranI che, kAraNa ke prAcInae darzAvelA bIjA ane trIjA mata anusAra rUpakamAM tAdAbhyane svIkAra temaNe paNa kare ja che. vaLI pUvapakSa eTale ke navIna evI dalIla karI zake ke lakSaNavAdIo pramANe sadaza lakSaNathI... 'hide nadhitva:' vAkyamAM sAdasyanI pratIti upameyamAM thaze ja ane e pratIti sAthe vAkayanA pUrvArdhamAM videna sadaro nAya' thatA sAdasyane niSedha anu55ne Tharaze. jagannAtha A dalIlanuM nirasana karatAM kahe che ke evI anupatti nahIM thAya, kAraNa ke pravadhamAM bhedapaTita sAdrazyamUlaka upamAne niSedha che ane uttarArdhamAM bhedarahita sadazyamUlaka rUpakanuM vidhAna vivakSita che. A pachI jagannAthe "nanArAyAma" ane "giAvuna'nI bAbatamAM navIne e prAcInanI vicArasaraNI mujaba darzAvelA doSonuM ahIM khaMDana karyuM che. te kahe che ke "TganArAyaNa'mAM jyAre ApaNe rUpakane svIkAra karIe chIe tyAre paNa mAnIe chIe ke "nArAyaNa sadaza" evo je lakSyArtha thAya che. tenI "nArAyaNa" vaDe pratIti thAya che. Ama lakSmInI AliMgana kriyAnuM kAma che nArAyaNad vaDe pratIta thanAra nArAyaNasadaza padArtha, tethI anupatti rahetI nathI. te ja rIte "grTAkaas'mAM upamA laIe te temAM pUrvapada je "pAda" che, tenA arthanI "pAdava" vaDe pratIti thAya che, tethI pAdamAM nUpurane lIdhe manoharatA Ave, te koI anu55tti rahetI nathI, 36] [ sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, 94-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pUrvapakSIe je evuM kahyuM che ke upamA ane rUpaka baMnemAM sAdazya-zabdathI (rUpakamAM lakSaNa dvArA) vyakta thAya che, tethI baMnemAM taphAvata raheto nathI. te dalIla paNa barAbara nathI. tenuM kAraNa e che ke rUpakamAM je sAdaDyuM che te amedaghaTita che, jyAre upamAmAM te sadazya bheda mizrita che ane Aja baMne vacceno taphAvata che. emAM koI sAme evI dalIla kare ke koI vaktA matamAM bheda dhaTita sAdazyanuM pratipAdana karavAnI icchAthI 'mu draH' je lAkSaNika prayoga kare, te tyAM "mua 1:' vAkayane upamA mAnavAnI Apatti Avaze. jaganAtha Ano javAba e Ape che ke AvA sthaLoe lakSaNa mATe avakAza ja rahetuM nathI, kAraNa ke emAMnI lakSaNa tAdraSyanuM pratipAdana karavAnI IcchAne AdhIna che, arthAta jyAre tAdanuM pratipAdana karavAnuM hoya tyAre ja lakSaNa prAjavAnI che. bAkI nahIM, kema ke lakSaNAnuM mukhya prayojana bhedathI viruddha evA tAdAmyanuM prativAdana karavAnuM che, rU5kamAM lakSaNane svIkAra karatAM prAcIna mata sAme pUrvapakSI bIjo eka vAMdho upasthita kare che. "gSathaghaH" jevA upamita samAsamAM uttarapada vAghane artha lakSaNAthI "cApradAH ' e svIkAravo paDe ema che, kAraNa ke sAdasyavAcaka bIjo zabda nathI. lakSaNano ahIM svIkAra karIe eTale tAdAmyapratipattino svIkAra karavo paDe ane tema karavAthI A samAsa rU5kanuM dRSTAMta banI raheze, jyAre prAcIne e te Ane diluptA upamanuM daSTAMta kahyuM che. jagannAtha be rIte A vAMdhAnuM nirAkaraNa kare che. vaiyAkaraNe AkhA samAsamAM zaktine svIkAre che, jene e loke samAsazakti kahe che. emanA mata pramANe "puSpA ' zabda pote ja zAghaardarA visijhags:' evo artha darzAve che, jemAM bhedaghaTita sAdasya che athavA ema paNa kahI zakAya ke upamAna zabda "vyAgha" nirUDha lakSaNathI bhedaghaTita sadasya viziSTatAnuM pratipAdana kare che, tethI prAcInanA mate A dRSTAMta rUpakanuM nahIM, paNa upamAne che, te vadhArAmAM kahe che ke je loko "a" vagere nipAne vAcaka nahI, paNa ghAtaka mAne che, temanA mata pramANe te mu dra va' vagere sthAnamAM paNa nirUDha lakSaNA mAnavI paDaze. jaganAthe 'vidra-mAnatae a:" e paraMpati rUpakamAM navIe je anyonyAzrayanI vAta karI che. tene parihAra rUpaka prakaraNamAM nIce pramANe karyo che : paraMparita rUpakamAM anyonyAzraya doSanI AzaMkA na karavI joIe. kAlpanika jagatamAM A doSa bAdhaka nathI, kAraNa ke kAvya jagatanI badhI vAta kaha5nAmaya hoya che, kavi pratibhAne adhIna hoya che, jema ke vyAvahArika jagatamAM zipIo paNa ekabIjAnA AdhAre ja rahelI ITo ane zilAkhaMDothI viziSTa bhavananuM nirmANa kare che." che , chele jagannAtha, rUpakamAM tAdrapratyayane sAdasthalakSaNAnA phala tarIke svIkArazuM, te 'sadA' muva' e upamAmAM paNa te svIkAravAnI Apatti Avaze, evI navI-nI dalIlanuM khaMDana karatAM kahe che ke "tUradA muvamU:" e prayogamAM lakSaNane abhAva hovAthI tAdrapratyayanI Apatti thavAnI saMbhAvanA ja nathI, kAraNa ke prAcIna ja siddhAMta evo che ke tAdyapratyaya te lakSaNanuM kaLa che. jaganAtha vadhArAmAM umere che ke mahAbhASya vagere graMtha amane anukuLa che. te ahI pANinIya aSTAdhyAyInA sUtra (4. 1. 48) paranA mahAbhASyane ane tenA paranI keTanI TIkAno nirdeza karatAM lAge che: O &tha punAtamina "sa:" tyata dravati ? vAma: prAre tamina 'sa: ruceta-dravati | keyaTa-bhinnAnAmabhedAbhAvAditi praznaH / ArApyate tApyam na tu mukhyamityarthaH / paMDitarAja jagannAthanA mate upamA ane rUpakane zAbdabodha] [177 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jagannAtha Ama kahIne upamA ane rUpakanA zAbdodha vizenI peAtAnI carcAnu' samApana kare che. A saMdarbhamAM prAcIna alaMkArikA upamA ane rUpakanA bheda kaI rIte darzAve che, te jovuM rasaprada thaze, yAskathI zarU karIe te temaNe nirukta'nA trIja adhyAyamAM upamAnA judA judA prakAre darzAvatI vakhate kahyuM che : graMtha jItAovamAnyaye vamAnIyAnnakSate / (3. 18, 1.) Ama je padyamAM pheva' vagere upamAvAcaka zabdonA lApa che, temane yAka arthApamA' kahe che ane tee vRtti phremyAtra: vagerenuM udAharaNa Ape che. A parathI spaSTa thAya che ke jene te arthApamA prayAga kahe che, te ane upamA baMne vacce temaNe eka bhedarekhA dorI ApI che ke arzIpamAmAM upamAvAcakanA lepa hAya che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir "nATayazAstra',nA seALamA adhyAyamAM bharate upamA ane rUpaka e e ala kArAnI vyAkhyA nIce pramANe ApI cheH yatkiJcit kAvyabandheSu sAdRzyeneApamIyate / 31mA nAma sA zaiyA muLAkrRtisamAzrayA || (16.41.) svavikalpena racita tulyAvayavalakSaNAm / nizcibhAdacama panna thava* 'tu tat // (16.56) A vyAkhyA parathI baMne alaMkAra vacceteA taphAvata spaSTapaNe jaNAI AvatA nathI. bhAmahe kAvyAla kAra(2. 30)mAM upamAnI vyAkhyAmAM upameyanu' upamAna sAthenuM sAmya guNu lezathI DAvAtu darzAvyuM che, jyAre 'guNAnI samatA' joI te ane upameya paranA ArApa te rUpaka (2.21) ema jaNAvyuM che. bhAmahe A vyAkhyAmAMnA 'ghyate' pada vaDe rUpakamAM abhednuM kathana karyu. che. daMDI kAvyAdaza'''mAM 3pautra tirAmUtamenA mucyate| (ra. 66), ema vyAkhyA ApIne bune vaccenA bheda spaSTa kare che. kAvyAla kArasArasaMgraha'nA kartA udbhaTa rUpakanI vyAkhyA nIce pramANe Ape cheH zrutyA saMbandhavirahAdyatpadena padAntaram / tuvRttipradhAnena mukhyate va tu tat // (1, 11) Adya'kArika vAmana A ane alaMkArAnI vyAkhyA khAbhUtamAM bhAmane anusare che. rudrara kAvyAlaMkAra"mAM rUpaka(8. 38)mAM sAmAnya dhamanuM kathana hatu` nathI ane temAM abhedranI kalpanA hAya che. ema kahI upamAthI tene bheka darzAve che. kuntake rUpakanI vyAkhyAmAM 'vacArata' zabda mUkIne tenA taphAvata darzAvavA prayatna karyAM che(3. 20). upacAranA a-upameyamAM sAdasyamUlaka upamAnanA tattvane adhyAropa evA thAya che. Ama tee rUpakamAM lakSaNA svIkAra karatA jaNAya che. bhoja "sarasvatIka'ThAbharaNa''(4, 24)mAM rUpakanI vyAkhyAmAM gauNa vRttinAM nirdeza kare che. A gauNu vRtti eTale gauNI sAdazyavatI lakSaNuAvRtti che. bhoja rUpakamAM lakSaNAne svIkAra kare che, te AthI spaSTa thAya che. bhoje 'zRMgAraprakAza''mAM ApelI rUpakanI vyAkhyA krUDInI vyAkhyAne maLatI Ave cheH vamaivAsvannAiyAttine mUtamevA sam| (pra. 10, pR. 412). teAMdhapAtra bAbata e che ke temaNe "zuMgAraprakAza"nA sAtamA aghyAyamAM upamA ane rUpaka vaccene taphAvata nIcenA zabdomAM ekadama spaSTapaNe jaNAvyA che : 148 ] [ sAmIpsa : AkaTobara, '93-mArca', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsun Gyanmandir A rIte jaganAtha pahelAM upamA ane pAka vacceno bheda, vyAkhyA uparAMta paNa vadhArAnI samajutI ApIne spaSTa darzAvavAno prayatna bhoje karyo che. kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTa upamAnI vyAkhyA (1. 125), ane rUpakanI vyAkhyA(10, 139)mAM anukrame bheda ane abheda zabda mUkIne taphAvata upasAve che. "alaMkAra sarvasvakAra yayaka paNa rU5kanI vyAkhyAmAM "abhedaprAdhAnya" ane "Aropa" zabda mUkI upamAthI tene jada alaMkAra darzAve che. kAvyAnuzAsana'mAM hemacaMdra rUpakanI vyAkhyAmAM mars' zabada mUkIne tene upamAthI jude alakAra darzAvavA mathe che, ane tenA paranI viveka TIkAmAM baMne vacceno pharaka spaSTapaNe darzAve che (a. 6, sUtra 5). " sAhitya darpaNanA katAM vizvanAtha upamAnI (10. 14) vyAkhyA ApI vRttimAM jaNAve che ke upamAmAM sAmya vAcya hoya che, jayAre rUpaka vageremAM te vyagya hoya che. 'citramImAMsA' nA kata aya dIkSita upamAthI rUpaka alaMkArane jaDA pADavAmAM abhedapratipattine kAraNabhUta gaNe che. paNa temanA mate abhedapratipatti saMgamaryAdAthI ja saMbhave che. tethI te mATe lakSaNanI saheje jarUra nathI. jagannAthe "naDyA:" kahIne jemanA matanuM khaMDana karyuM che, te navIna AlaMkArikomAM mukhya apriya dIkSita che. temano mata jagannAthe karelA uparyukta saMdarbhamAM carcAI cUkyo che, tethI ahIM tene ulekha mAtra karyo che. - bhAmaNathI mAMDIne ayadIkSita sudhInA AlaMkArikanA mato joIe te 5STa thAya che, ke A bAbatamAM jagannAtha jevI sukSma carcA keIe karI nathI. jagannAthe upamA ane rUpakane zAdabodha judA tAravI darzAvyo che, rUpaka lakSaNo vinA niSpanna thAya ja nahIM', ane je thAya te temAM camatkAritA praveze nahIM, e siddha karyuM che, ane je loko rUpakamAM lakSaNuM svIkAratA nathI, temane joradAra khaMDana karyuM che. temanI A vidvattApUrNa carcA alaMkArazAstranA itihAsamAM noMdhapAtra banI rahI che, temAM saheje zaMkA nathI. pAdaTIpa 1. rasaFAparaH (saM. mathurAnAtha zAstrI), prakAzaka : nirNayasAgara presa, SaSTha saMskaraNa, 1947, muMbaI, pR. 187-202 2. lAdhara: saMskRta TIma varidrA sahitai: (saM. paMDita badarInAtha jhA), pra. caukhambA vivA bhavana, 1969, vArANasI, pR. 159 paMDitarAja jaganAthanA mate upamA ane rUpakane zAbdabodha] [139 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kumArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketo jAgRti paMDayA sAhitya ane sAhityazAstra paraspara abhinna rIte saMkaLAyelA che. sAhityazAstranA prabhAva nIce sAhitya racAya che. e ja rIte upalabdha sAhityanA anulakSamAM sAhityazAstranA siddhA hoya che. sAhityazAstranA granthanI racanA pUrve thaI gayelA sAhityasvAmIonI racanA je te zAstrIya sidhAntothI tadana nirapekSa rIte ja thaI hoya te svAbhAvika paNa che. ane bahudhA lAgranthAne AdhAre ja lakSaNagranthonI racanA thatI jovA maLe che. atyAre upalabdha kAvyazAstrIya granya bhAratamAM AvatI kAvyazAstrIya carcA (nA. zA., adhyAya-16) bAda karatAM, lagabhaga sAtamI sadInI AsapAsa racAyelA che. te pahelAM paNa sAhityazAstranuM kheDANa thayuM haze paraMtu te aMgenI khAsa mAhitI ApaNane che nahIM. jo ke, sAhityazAstrane samucita vikAsa na thayo hoya tyAre te aMgenI sabhAnatA je te kavinAyakAranI racanAmAM jaNAya nahI to paNa asaprajJAta rIte ya te racanAomAM je te sAhityazAstrIya vigatone sparza thaI jato hoya che. A dRSTie koI paNa sAhityamAM prApta thatA sAhityazAstrIya saMketa aMgenI vicAraNA rasaprada banI rahe che. sAhityanAM sarva svarUpamAM mahAkAvya viziSTa sthAna dharAve che. temAMya pAMca mahAkAvyo saMskRSTa gaNuyAM che. te che kAlidAsanAM radhuvaMsA: tathA kumArambhavam, bhAravinuM AitAnIyama, mAghanuM phiggrDhavadhaY ane zrIharSanuM rauSadhIjaritaY. te paikI kAlidAsakRta "kumArasaMbhavamAM prApta thatA sIdhI ke ADakatarA kAvyazAstrIya nideze aMge vicAra atre prastuta che. anugAmI sAhityazAstramAM prayojAyela pAribhASika zabdonI upasthiti mAtranI noMdha karIne, je te pAribhASika arthamAM je te zaba prayojayelo jaNAya che ke kema tenuM anveSaNa athavA je te arthamAM prayojAyela je te zabda pAchaLathI tene viSe prajAnA pAribhASika kAvyazAstrIya ke nATayazAstrIya saMdarbha tarapha laI janAra seturUpa bane che athavA banI zake che ke kema te aMgenA vicAra ahI' abhipreta che. temAM prApta thatI kAvyazAstrIya temaja nATyazAstrIya vigatone akArAdikame nirUpIzuM ane pachI zakaya hoya te tene viSayavicAranA saMdarbhamAM paNa vagIkRta karIzuM. koIpaNa prakAranA pUrvagraha vinA ja ApaNe A parIkSaNa karIzuM. 0 mahAmU-aMgahAra e nATayazAstrIya vigata che. teno nirdeza kumArasaMbhavamAM eka vAra maLe che. jema ke,...gra xtritA hAram I (7-91 d) TIkAkAra teno artha "aMgavikSepa' evo Ape che. 0 muta-nava rasamAM gaNanA pAmela A rasasaMjJA tenA zAbdika rUpamAM ja prApta thAya che; rasarUpe nahIM, jema ke, murtajhamava: pramAvAstrasiddhane dhyaviviMdhAtA | amiSA-abhidhA nAme zabdazaktine saMketa ahIM joI zakAya che. tene nirdeza be ThekANe prApta thAya che, jema ke, vyAkhyAtA, saMskRta vibhAga, eca. ke. ArTasa kaoNleja, amadAvAda 140]. [sAmIya : oNkTobara, '8-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #56
1. ......tyamidhArithatathA tathA pura: (4.3 b) 2. yuvAmiAya phAra....... (8.77 c) * minA-A nATyazAstrIya vigatane ulekha mAtra eka ja vAra thayo che; jema ke, tathA phi rayAminakriyA curta......... (5.79 ) abhinaya eTale "arthavyaMjaka ceSTAvizeSa' evo artha TIkAkAra Ape che, je nATayazAstrane anurU5 che. * midirA-abhidhAno saMketa karato A zabda be vAra prathA che. jema ke, 1. ......sA tathyamevAmihitA mano (3.6 3 b) 2. hRti pravirAmidritA dina-manA che. (5.51 ) . * barthazabda judA judA arthamAM aneka vAra prajA che. temAM kayAreka kAvyazAstrIya arthane saMdarbha paNa prApta thAya che. te sAva saMdarbhe A pramANe che; jema ke, 1. asthAIyud'.... (1.13 9) (abhidheyakaMeaning ) 2. magUnAmakumathena sAdhuHbrAnidevabhUvaDa (1.52 4) (viSaya) 3.......varitAtha vatuthI ! (2.17 d) (abhidheya). 4. vahyA dha va pIrAma...(3.6 c) (puruSArtha) 5. sauitA vistAramAvitan...(3.11 ) (viSaya) 6. ......aDadhamattaramA phuvA (3.18 b) 7. ......AzvAsanarasuritAthami . (4.45 d) (abhidheya) 8. * sitArtha ciranizcaye manaH.... (5.5 ) (viSaya) [9. kavi kriyAI muhama samiraku'... (5.33 a) (projana) 10. vA ne nirvighArthAmayA...... (5.38 c) 11. carthanamenaniSThAvArA'... ..(5.para c) 12. ........mUyArAsArthamAdrA | (6.13 b) 13. tamannAthe gumati himAtra : (29 a) (prajana) 14, gvuM vAva: sa vArtha....... (6.31 a) (prajana) 15. bhUttivAtame vArtha'....... (.64 a) (prajana) 16. tamathamiva mAratyA sutayA tumati . (6.79 a) (abhidheya) 17. urNitAtha trivAra' teDaminA viMjha: (6.90 a) (viSaya) . 18. sidgu' vA nivedyArtha'... (.94 c) (projana). 19. mUtAthAmAvimAnanetrA.... (7.13 ) (prajana) 20. kathAne tape surata...sA sthAt kRtArthI muitArAcAr (7.65 a, d) 21. ......gharAstAmamittamAryA: (7,71 d) A rIte kula 21 vAra martha zabdano prayoga maLe che. temAM pAMca vAra viSaya ke vigatanA . arthamAM. naveka vAra projananA arthamAM, be vAra te nAme puruSArthanA arthamAM tathA cAra vAra abhidheya-Meaning nA arthamAM te prayojAyo che. A badhA arthomAM kevaLa chelle badhuM ja kAvyazAstrIya che, je 1, 3, 7, tathA 16 e cAra saMdarbhamAM prApta thAya che. kumArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa ] [141 For Private and Personal Use Only

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* gacat--AnA prayAga eka ja vAra maLe che. jema ke, nAcatApasannahad:....... (3.51 c) lakSaNAnA sa`keta ahIM joI zakAya jo ke, atha' judo che. * baca--A pazu uparanA jevA ja zabda che, je e vAra prayeAjAyA che. 1. ja nIhALyu nasItyacavA .....! (5.57 c) 2. vaghuvi hrAkSamacayana nnatA......| (pa.7ra a) * ajjata--A 56 eka ja vAra nirdezAyela che. jema ke, ......mAra-vRtAM sutAm (6.87 d) ahI' kAvyazAstrIya ala'kAranA sa`da' nathI paNa sAMketa vicArI zakAya. * bannAra--A pa6 e vAra prayAAyu che. 1. rAmeLa trAjALamahena zrutapravAhe TamannAr| (3.30 d) ra. ......anyanepathyamannAr / (7.7 d) ahIM ala'karaNanA bhAva che, je sAhityazAstrIya saraNa tarapha laI jaI zake, * vAya--eka ja vAra prayAAyela A pu dvArA avagamanazakita-m'janAne sata beI zakAya jema ke, avAmya nathI to pu:......| (4.13 a) * akSita--A patra paNa eka ja vAra prayeAjAyu` che, jemAM vyaMjanAnA niSedhAtmaka niza vicArI zakAya jema ke, 142] Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ..... hyuvanAmavROsita kSaLa: / (5.62 d) bAre pitA:-ArApita eTale AreApa pAmatI vigata arthAt upamAna e kAvyazAstrIya athathI bhinna athamAM A pada eka vAra prayeAjAyuM che. jema ke, . ......vayamare pitAzrvayA| (6.17 b) 0 upacAra--A padanA prayAga ekvAra thayA che. jema ke, upapApata na ceviT" vamana6H | (4.9 c) aupacArika eTale ke lAkSaNika prayAga jemAM mukhyArthInA meLa nathI te-lakSaNA taraph A dvArA jaI zakAya. 0 35mAtrac--A pada dvArA upamAnarUpa vigatane spaSTa nirdeza che, jema ke, savamAvyasamuyaeNna......! (1.49 a) 0 upamAnaupamAna eTale jenI sAthe tulanA karavAmAM Ave che te vigata tene spaSTa nirdeza e vAra prApta thAya che jema ke, 1. ...jJAtAtapUvepimAnavAhyoH | (1.36 d) 2. 35mAnamamUDhiAtinAM......) (4.5 a) . upameyan--upameya eTale jenI tulanA karavAmAM Ave te vigata. AnA ullekha eka vAra thayA che jema ke, ......pura.. evu che pamecam / (7.2 d) [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca 19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A rIte upamA alaMkAra aMgenA saMdarbho spaSTa rIte jaNAya che. * rAkSa--kaTAkSa te eka anubhAva che. tenA nirdeza eka vAra maLe che. jema ke, ...Arevitamravatu: TAnnai: | (3.5 d) hrAnti--kAnti nAme eka kAvyaguNu che paraMtu te arthamAM te tene prayAga prApta thatA nathI. vaLI, nAyaka-nAyikAnA je dasa alaMkAro darzAvAyA che, temAM krAntine samAveza thAya che, ane A aMgenA saMketa jeI zakAya tevA sA~ maLe che. sAthe ja, zAbhA, sau evA sAmAnya arthamAM paNa 'kAnti' pada prayeAAyu' che. kula maLIne sAta saMdarbho maLe che. jema ke, 1. 2. 3. jA 2 sA hrAntimatIyAvata: | (5.71 c) 4. ......trisrotasa: hrAntimatIya tathI| (7.15 d) ..Anti verAyataalayAf / (1.47 b) jarAyattava hrAntimattA (4,5 b) 5. na cakSuSe: hAntivizeSabuddhA (7.20c) 6. .......vara' puti AntinayAm ! (7.78 b) 7. padmAntitamarAtrimAye:...| (8.30 a) O joSaN--krodha nAme sthAyInA saMketa eka vAra prApta thAya che jema ke, joSa' pramA saMdara saMhati... . ke, dArI, paNu, sattvAdi guNa, vagerene viSe prayAjAyuM che. jema ke, zuLa-'guNu' pada tenA sAhityazAstrIya saMdarbhamAM te prayeAjAyuM nathI paNa te anya atha jevA 1.......zrImuLa sthAnamanizrvitAyA : | (1.37 b) (dorI) 2. astra hatA padmanuLAnna mute... (1.43 a) 3. guLatrayavimAnaya pazcAdmamupaiyurve| (2.40d) (sattvAdi) 4. manasA hrArthamaMsiddhau svarAdvizuLa mA / (2.63 d) Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 5. prAyeLa sAmAyavidhau guLanAM pAmulI vizvanuna: pravRtti: | (.28 0) huM.........visatatinuLAkSasUtram / (3.46 b) (dArI) 7. saMdhuzrayantIya vaghugurragenA (3.52 b) 8. ramasi mara melApuI: 5 (4.8 3) (dArI) 9. muLaye dhanuSe niyanitA| (4.15b) (dArI) 10. vitastununahyArita...! (4.29 c) 11. ...saraLamasyA sanAnuLAvam (5.10 d) (derI) 12. ...yunepUttamArH| (6.20 d) 13. aNimAdhinuLApetamapRSTapuruSAntaram| (6.75 a) 14. ...vijJAAmarAjjubai:| (6.92 d) 15. ...tithI na gAmitranunAnvitAyAm / (7.1 b) 16. ...jye nAmiveDhicuLadyuta ni (7.63 d) 17. ...vatramAna vastuLAnvita 2 yakSA (8.57 b ) kumArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya sa'kuMtA ] For Private and Personal Use Only 14.

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18. ...vepauva guNAtiH (8.66 d) 19. atra dhavalatinuM gAntara'... (8,76 ). 20. taltha tachidrumevATM'... (8.83 c) 0 -A pada paNa tenA kAvyazAstrIya nahI paNa jAgatika saMdarbhamAM ja prayojAyuM che, te aMgenA traNa saMdarbha maLe che, jema ke; 1. 1 6i repa gujAsannipAte nimavjhartA : viSyivAda (1.3 c d) 2. vivakSatA vama irayutAmanA vacaimI prati sAdhu mASita (5.81 3) ahIM vANInA guNa-deSa joI zakAya. 3. nUnamAramazI prazasvitA vedharava kuLapatiH (8.66 d) - potAnta:-ahIM vyaMjanAne saMketa joI zakAya che ke, artha bhinna che, jema ke, ghota tatapAvanA: 5 (6.4 b) * ghani-pada paNa tenA kAvyazAstrIya saMdarbhamAM nahIM paNa "avAja' e arthamAM prayojAyuM che, jema ke; mAeihRdhvaninanA (156 d) * vanita-A paNa sAmAnya arthamAM ja prayojAyela che. jema ke ravinimItA tathA (8.24 a) * nirvajanana nirvacana eTale vacanarahita, zabda rahita, bolyA vagara tene eka vAra prayoga paDe che, jema ke, ...mAbena tAM nirvAnaM nAna ! (7.19 d) TIkAkAra mahilanAtha A paMkitane samajAvatAM noMdhe che ke, anena vihRtAkhyaH zRGgArAnubhAva uktaH / A prakAranI nirvacana vANIrahita pravRtti AthI vyaMjanA tarapha laI jaI zake. 0 netra--A nATyazAstrIya vigatano saMketa be sthaLe prApta thAya che. 1. ...masyakane thyamatravrArA (7,7 d) 2. prasidghapathyavidhAtA ! (7.36 b) garwA--khUba dUra sudhI phelAyelA prAsaMgika vRtta kahetAM kathAnakane "patAkA' kahe che. A nATayazAstrIya vigatano nAmamAtrathI nideza thayo che; paraMtu tene artha nATayazAstrIya saMdabha nathI. svaja' ke "dhajA' evA sAmAnya arthane viSe teno be vAra prayoga thayo che. jema ke, 1. daya-trAtAjAzrIrapaurAnizitA (6.41 c) 2. tAvapatAnufmadumaulTira rAgathe (7.63 a) 0 ggs Ano prayoga anekavAra vividha artho mAM thayo che, jemAM kAvyazAstrIya saMdabha paNa prApta thAya che. jema ke, 1. urdu tuSArasuti tarad . (1.6 a) (pagaluM) 2. rAma: vipuSarqnAnAM huM vatra vizeSapu (3.33 d) (sthAna) . na vidra (4.9 9) (sthAna) 144]. | [sAmI oNkaTobara, 9-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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4. nAni @ vA (4.12 ) zabda) 5. ratikUtiSa vityAM (4.16 c) (sthAna ka. gAthAsuraritArtha mi. (4.4pa ) (zabda) 7. sAdhvaja svasTirI: pariyanL (5.56 b) (zabda). 8. gAyamuka :phArasuI (5.64 b) (sthAna) 9. mattAkkAune pUjAni jJAH 5.68 :) (pagaluM) 10 vitAmasmarajhaH variSyati . (5, 69 d) (pagaluM) 11. nikSepanAra paramudratamuntI (5.85 b) (pagaluM) 12. dhaviApi rAve #Arite pArvatI vrati (6.14 a) 13. samagra somA gharamadhyAmade param (6.19 b) (sthAna) 14. tharAmAmunAM maLe paramAtazuNI RvA (6.72 b) (pagaluM) 15. anAvRttimAM paNa madurmanISiA: . (6.77 d) (sthAna) 16. kUte vADha: muraHltAmirau pavai: . (6.78 d) vAkathazabda) 17. pa pa Tune mite dinetA (7.61 b) (pagaluM). 18. jamatrAparuM navuM 2 vA (8.9 b) 19. ...thANunA mAta priyaT 1 (813 b) ahI67 ane 16 e cAra saMdarbhamAM ja "zabda" e arthamAM 'padane prayoga thayo che. prSamaNavijAH -pramatha e hAsya rasane deva che. te aMge saMdarbha joI zakAya jema ke. prathamuafardainivAmAla Dhama (7.95 d). ahIM mukhavikAra dvArA mukhanI vikRta ceSTA abhipreta che, je hAsyane anubhAvarUpe svIkArAyela che. 0 prA--prayoga eTale nATyaprayoga te aMge nirdeza eka vAra thayuM che, jema ke, nama iDhaDhitAram (7.91 d) TIkAkAre prayoga eTale rUpaka ke nATaka e artha Ape che. 0 pra --pralaya te eka sAtvikabhAva che. tene mAtra nAmataH ullekha che paNa artha vinAzaparaka che, jema ke, vikatA: kAcA hi ! (6.8 d) 0 kalA--prasAda te eka kAvyaguNa che. jo ke te saMdarbhamAM teno ullekha thayo nathI, paNa A' ke "anugraha' e arthamAM te pAMceka vAra prayojAyuM che. jema ke, 1. prasAtAmiA vedhADA (2.16 c) 2. matuM: sAruM pratinAtha mUM (.2 8) che. tava karAvAyusumAyuif I (3.10 3) 4. ...mAtra vArthina: priyA: (6.45 d) 5. viniryvA di vira: pramavikagy (6.62 c) 0 mA-bhAva aneka prakAranA hoya che. sthAyI, sArika, vyabhicArI vagere te aMgenA spaSTa saMketo nIce pramANe maLe che. sArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa ] [15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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1. ...vrundrAni mAtra yiyA vizru: 5 (1.35 d) 2. viSNuvatI rImutAvi mAtramannai:: 1 (3.68 a) 3. ...ne vezi mAvamimaMtha nanam / (5.58 b) 4. mamAtra mAruM mana: ti| (5.82 ) 5. vimumapi te carmI ghurAnti mAtrA: (6.95 d) 6. ...mavAta tatha vimeA: vere ! (7, 31 d) 7. mAvasAdhvasavaprihAramUAmave vasula 8. mAtrasUttitamavuMvipriyaM| (8.15 a) O maneAham / (8.10) ahIM spaSTarUpe sAhityazAstrIya saMdarbho jAya che. 1, 2, 3 ane 4mAM rati nAme zRMgAranA sthAyI bhAva abhipreta che. kramAMka-5mAM autsukaya vagere sA~cArI bhAvAtA nirdeza che te kramAMka-8 mAM kaTAkSanikSepa vagere anubhAvanA ullekha che ema TIkAkAra samajAve che. mUSaLamUlyamAtra:--Ane prayAga eka vAra maLe che, jema ke; anyAyomA nananATyamUtra sAdhAraNe mULamUlyamA1:5 (1,42 9 d) ahI' sAhityazAstrIya sada'nA saMketa beI zakAya. 1yk ] .. tti--rati e zRMgAranA sthAyI che te aMgenA saketa maLe che. tenI sAthe ja kAmadevapriyA rati e athamAM pazu te prayAAyela che. kyAMka rati eTale AnaMda e atha paNa prApta thAya che. te sava' saMdarbho A pramANe che. 1. tivayavavAghe AvamAsakSya 12e ! (2.64 b) ra. ratidvitIye mane pravane ! (3.35 b) 3. ......te pAreva ti`sUtra 5 (3.73 d) 4. ttivRttivejI oaaaaiN 5 (4.16 c)...... 5. maneena vinAchatA tiH / (4.21 a)...... 6. timambuvavanumAturAM 5 (4.25 )...... 7. ......timAAAmavA saravatI | (4.39 b) 8. rativeTsamunnA nidrA saMsAviparyaya:| (6.44 c) 9. ......sA tathAvi taye vinAdina: | (8.2 d) Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 10. sA mumensa ratidu:vazAtAm| (8.13 d) ahI 4, 8 ane 10 kramAMke AvatA saMdabho' kAvyazAstrIya che. kramAMka-9 mAM Ana'tA sadasa che tathA anya sa`ddo kAmadevanI patnI rati a'genA che. 0 tarasa zabda drava, svAda, AsvAda vagere arthAMmAM tera vAra prayeAjAyA che, jema ke,, 1. nyastAkSarA dhAtusena yaMtra......) (1,7 3) (drava) 2. ......jhIyArasa nivi rAtIya vAcce ! (1,29 d) (svAda--ruci) 3. nAjAtinedasAnuviddha Trampruni mAya piyA viSNu: | (3.35 c) (prema) 4. ......HAma thoDuvatezvaramaya: 1 (5,22 b) (amRta) 5. mamAtra mAvala manaHsthita.......l (5.28 c) [sAmIpsa : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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6. ......sAtapu prati vatrAnam (7,91 b) 7. jJAtamamathAsA zanaiH zanaiH...... (8.13 c) 8. ......istva tamuranitiHA (8.16 d) 9. ...gAtAvaramANa (8.36 b) (drava) 10. ... mUtraNetararautha vRkSA (8.38 b) (drava) 11. ....1raya dhAtu ninAmA (8.53 d) (va) 12. ...... tumakSa niva pramAisanmA (870 b) 13. sa jhiyAmuvA vivAni' drivananaM sivig: (8.80 a) A sarvemAM 3, 5 ane 6 kramAMkanA saMdabho ja dhyAnapAtra che. trIje saMdarbha sneharasa agene che, je zRMgAra tarapha saMketa karI zake. pAMcamA saMdarbha sAhityazAstrIya gaNI zakAya tema che ane cho saMda 5STa rIte kAvyarasane ja nideze che, jenI noMdha TIkAkAre paNa lIdhI che. tadanusAra, rasAtara eTale zuMgArAdi rasabhA. 0 rAmanAma-romAMca ke romodagama te eka sAtvika bhAva che, jene saMketa eka vAra maLe che, jema ke, tvAna prAsuramamAthA: vinAjhiH gvatura,sItA (7.77 3) 0 gA--lakSaNuM te eka zabdazakti che. tene nideza kevaLa zabdazaH prApta thAya che tyAM artha judo che, jema ke, ......java tadvidharaMvaM' = pu gaDhakSA . (5.73 b) ahI sAhityazAstrIya saMjJA che paNa teno prayoga judA ja arthamAM thayelo jaNAya che. e ja rIte. hA, DhAte, , DhALa vagere padomAM paNa lakSaNa aMgetrA saMketa joI zakAya, paraMtu tenA prayoga te arthamAM thayela che nahIM 0 trA-lakSya eTale nizAna, dheya, athavA te lakSya eTale anumeya e arthamAM tene prayoga thayo che, jema ke, 1. 3mAsamakSa dRvaMdvaphTaH ...... (3.64 c) 2. jAti kyuM viramaya rahyu..... (5.49 9) 3. ......vepamAnadharaDhakApavA. (5.74 b) 4. tha ya DhaDhyAmA mavizvati . (5.81 d) ahI: laya eTale ke lakSaNathI prApta thatuM (artha) e kAvyazAstrIya atha abhipreta nathI 0 sUka -A pada traNa vAra prayojAyuM che 1. vRtra dutu: kuTiza ITatAzrIva ! (2.20 d) 2. matharAvataritamUrtinA nizA jhaphate sArA matA satArAM ! (8.59 b). 3, Rkyate driDharTUSita....... (8.64c) * sakarcIta-Ane prayoga eka ja vAra thayo che, jema ke ...41catakALamAmagU (3.47 d). * DhacanA-A pada paNa eka ja vAra prajAyuM che, jema ke; kumArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa ]. [147 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra madalapate va accamALe (7,424) . hIA--nAyikAnA je 28 ala'kAre| nirUpAyA che, temAM hIjAne paNu samAveza thAya che. A nATathazAstrIya vigatanA nirdeza A pramANe maLe che : 1. ...... tevu chAzcitanimeSu ! (1.34 b) 2. tAM vakSya hIrAcaturAnana......! (1.47 0) www.kobatirth.org vAmiImi:--zabda ane arthAMnA sahabhAvaneA spaSTa saMskruta A dvArA prApta thAya che, jema ke, vALIrA vAgmiomi: praviyeAvasthire ! (2,3 c d) * vAhUmaca--A pa dvArA paNa zabda ane arthanA sahabhAvarUpa kAvyatA sa Mketa joI zakAya tema che, jema ke, dvidhA yuktena j vAhUmayena...... (7,90 a) vAca: oI zakAya va vAjyaH samyArthamiti vo nevaviyate / (6,31 a) jo ke, A judA ja prayAga che e noMdhavu' joIe. . Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir * viSrama----ahIM sAhityazAstranA spaSTa sa'keta che, vibhrama, te eka nAyikAla kAra che, jemAM sabhrama ke utAvaLane lIdhe AbhUSaNAne vinyAsa anucita rIte karAya che, jema ke; yazrAsareAvizramamahanAnAM...! (1,4 a) vRtti--kAvyazAstramAM upanAgarikA vagere trividha vRttio tathA nATayazAstramAM sAttvika vagere catuvidha vRttionuM nirUpaNa maLe che. tenA saketa vRtti padanA nirdezamAM joI zakAya. alabatta, spaSTarUpe tA te saMdarbhamAM A pada eka ja vAra prayeAjAyu` che. paraMtu te sivAya anya azva jevA ke, vyApAra kahetAM vyavahAra, AjIvikA, avasthiti vagere viSe paNa tenA prayAga thayA che. te A pramANe che-: abhidhAthI prApta thatA artha te vAcyA tene nAmanirdeza nIcenA saMdabhamAM 1. tautrAmiNa mamaveLa vRtti mAhena sastambhayasendriyaLamU / (3.73 a) 2. ......vRkSavRttiyatirinsAdhana.... (5.22 d) 3. svayaM vizALaMdumavaLa vRttitA....... (5.28 a) ........meimirAzovatAmavRttimiH / (5,76 d) 5. nAmavRttiyaM anIyamIkSate / (5.82 d) 6. vRttiptayA: pALisamAnamena....... (7,77 c) 7. tau sandhipu yazcittavRttimevuM.... (7.91 a) . 148 ] A savamAM chelleA saMdarbha" ja mahattvapUNu` che. temAM kezikI vagere vRttionA spaSTa sa`keta che apazu--A eka sAttvika bhAva che tene nirdeza eka vAra thayA che, jema ke; ta... vIya vepazumatI rasAyaSTi.... (5,85 a) [sAmIpsa : AkaTobara, '93-mArca', 199 For Private and Personal Use Only

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4 catta-vyakta eTale ke abhivyakta, jita. tene praga pAMca vAra thayA che. A saMdarbho ebhivyakti tarapha laI jAya tevA che, jema ke, 1. catta cotarahyAti prA te vibhUtipu ! (2.11 9) 2. di cena sunari ca ... (3.23 3) che. ......suthA krimavAniti (6.51 d). 4. enedra briyate vyaa'... (6.76 c). 5. ... tamiva nAmezvata: . (8. 37 b). 0 rata-A zabda spaSTa rIte kAvyazAstrIya arthamAM ja prayojAyo che. te jema ke: sau parizvadhu sthativRttime... (19.91 3) vyaMjita eTale "phuTa thayela" ema TIkAkAra samajAve che. vyaMjana aMge cokhkho saMdarbha ahIM jaNAya che 0 vyakti/zvAnta-A bane pado eka eka vAra prayojAyAM che je spaSTa rIte vyaMjanA tarapha saMketa kare che ......carcA viparivRttagaMjam T (8.71 d) tathA, zivarAsatameghAnAM vyathate yatra vairamanAm ! (.40 b) 0 -zabdArtha yugalamAM prayukata "zabda'nA saMdabha khAsa maLatA nathI. bahudhA A pada avAja' ke "saMjJA' arthamAM ja prajAyela che, jema ke, 1. thathAputaM jinirIMgaphAra..... (1.13 c) 2. abhyapuSTa pratikUphArA...... (1.45 c). 7, pravRttirANIchAnAM varitArtha ratuthI (2.17 c d) 4. ......puramAne ghanAdavivaDhavAHT (4.11 b). 5. ..trapu vizadavita: I (4.14 b) 6. da zvara yudaH sArdhava vimati va: (6.75 c) 7. .....sAdavAmI raLio : (7.49 b). kramAMka traNanA saMdarbhamAM ja zabda eTale ke padane saketa jaNAya che. 0 rAtta-nava rasamAMno eka te zAnarasa. tene sIdhI ke ADakataro nirdeza prApta thatuM nathI. paraMtu mAtra zAbdika rUpe teno ullekha thayo che, jema ke, .....mUTue=' zAntamRfprAram ! (3.4ra b) 0 -zaka te karuNarasane sthAyI che. eka ja vAra tene prayoga thayo che, jema ke, abhyajAmimayamAMtiH ...... (5.43 3) . 0 sabhya-sabdhi eTale sAMdho-joDANa. nATayazAstramAM mukha-pratimukha vagere pAMca sandhio vicArAyA che. te aMge spaSTa nirdeza ekavAra maLe che ane eka vAra sAmAnya arthamAM paNa ' sabdhi pada prayojAyuM che, jema ke; 1. sau tivRttimeTuM.... (7,91 ) 2. yAkinI vidhima... (8.55 a) * kamArasaMbhavamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa ] For Private and Personal Use Only

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1 - ahIM prathama saMdarbhamAM sAhityazAstrIya atha rahe che. sAdhi-samAdhi nAme eka kAvyaguNa che tathA eka ala'kAra paNa te nAme maLe che. paraMtu, A bane paikI koIpaNa arthamAM samAdhi pada ahIM prayojAyuM nathI. balake samAdhi eTale khAnAvasthA e arthamAM te eka karatAM vadhu vAra prayojAyuM che, jema ke; 1. ......samAdhimarayAmupAri mA . (1.22 b). ......samAdhimekama mannati (3.40 d) 3. ......fTa thavathA samAdhivacam (3.50 b) 4. .....samAdhimAthAya to mirAtamana: . (52 b) 5. aApattAmaDha samAdhina......(5.45 c). 0 dica--A zabdaprayoga be vAra thayo che, jema ke; 1. .....talAlasAniva prayunnate (5.35 d) 2. ......viche sAdaracakrathA prasakrama (7,16 d) A saMdarbho spaSTa rIte sAhityazAstrIya jaNAya che. 0 savita-A pada be vAra prayojAyuM che ane dekhItI rIte to temAM anamitivAdano sata jaNAya che. paraMtu te vyaMjanA tarapha hoI zake. te saMdabho A pramANe che: 1. ...trapurAsTiAdrasUtiH (4.14 b) 2. na mUtimiraSTAmiri'mUtAmi ciMtaHA (u.26 d). aumArca-te nAme eka kAvyaguNa vicArAyo che. paraMtu kAvyaguNanA zAstrIya arthathI judA ja arthane viSe teno ullekha be vAra thayo che, jema ke 1. zivapuSpAjakumAthI.. (1.41 3) 2. mRNAsTaphUtrASisaudamA'... (349 c) A rIte lagabhaga pacAsasATha jeTalI kAvyazAstrIya vigato eka athavA eka karatAM vadhAre vAra kamArasaMbhavamAM ullekha pAmI che. te sarvamAM kAvyazAstrIya saMketa jevA jatAM spaSTa thayuM ke badhA ja saMdarbhomAM kAvyazAstrIya saMskAra nathI tema chatAM lagabhaga aDadhA eTale ke trIseka jeTalA saMdarbhe zaha sAhityazAstrIya saMskAravALA jaNAya che temAM aMgahAra, abhinaya vagere jevA keTalAka prathamataH nATayazAstrIya kahI zakAya tevA saMdarbho paNa che tathA zabda, artha, pada, bhAva, 2sa vagerene lagatA tathA abhidhA, vyaMjanA, upamA vagereno spaSTa saMketa karatA kAvyazAstrIya saMdarbho paNa che. alabatta kAvyazAstranAM je vibhinna to svIkArAyAM che te dhvani, guNa, doSa vagerene nirdeza zuddha kAvyazAtra saMskArathI nahIM paNa kevaLa sAmAnya kAzagata abhidhAthamAM thayeluM jaNAya che A dvArA e tAraNa upara pahoMcI zakAya ke kAlidAsa emanA samayanA kAvyazAstra tathA nAyazAstranI paribhASAthI anabhijJa te nahIM ja hoya ane emanA prayogoe anugAmI sAhityazAstrIya paraMparAone kaMDAravA mAM setu bAMdhI Apyo ema kahIe to te yathArthokti ja lekhAze. 5* ]. [sAmIpya; oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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samuccaya alaMkAranA eka udAharaNanI samIkSA pArula mAMkaDa zazI divasadhUsarI galitayauvanA kAminI saro vigatavArija mukhamanakSara svAkRteH / prabhudhanaparAyaNaH satatadurgataH sajjanA nRpAGgaNagataH lyAlA manasi sapta zakhAni me // nItizataka, 45 bhaharinuM upayukta udA. AlaMkArikoe samuccayanA sadasaghoga nAmaka bheda mATe ApyuM che. ke samuccayanA A bhedanuM lakSaNa bAMdhatA kahyuM che : sadasataH zobhanAzobhanasya tAdazena sadasatA samuccIyamAnena yogo... (alaMkArasarvasva, sUtra-67 uparanI vRtti) sata asata arthAta (anukrame) zobhana ane azobhana padArthone tenA jevA ja zobhana ane azobhana padArtho sAtheno yoga. - rayuke ApeluM uparyukta udA. mammaTe paNa ApyuM che, ekanuM samuccayanirUpaNuM paNa mammaTane sAme rAkhIne karavAmAM AvyuM che. A udA.nI prathama mammaTe karelI samIkSA joIe. mammaTa nedhe cheatr zazini dhUsare zalye zalyAntarANIti zobhanAzobhanayogaH / (ka. pra., sUtra-177 paranI vRtti) ahI' nisteja candra pI zalya hAjara hovA chatAM bIjA zake che paNa gaNAvyAM che. Ama sArI mAThI vastuo bhegI thatAM samuccaya alaMkAra thayo che. jhaLakIkare udyota pramANe nedhatAM jaNAvyuM che ke ahIM zAmanA-manane dvanda samAsa na mAnatAM "mULe sArI paNa paristhiti vizeSane kAraNe kharAba-azobhana thaI gayelI" ema kamadhAraya samAma samaja ja yogya che.' have 2yaka emanA alaMkAra savavamAM A udA.nI samIkSA karatAM noMdhe che ke ahI' candra svataH zobhana che, chatAM paNa temAM divasane kAraNe dhusaratA AvI hovAthI azobhatA AvI jAya che. AthI te sata paNa che ane asata paNa che tene tevA ja prakAranA kAminI vagere padArtho sAthe samUracaya che. te pachI ruka AgaLa noMdhe chentvtr kazcitsamuccIyamAnaH zobhana anyastvazobhana iti sadasadyogo vyaakhyeyH| alaMkArasarvasva, pR. 609) sadasaghoga zabdanI vyAkhyA evI na karavI ke je, padArthono samuccaya karavAmAM Ave che temAMthI ekane zobhana ane tenAthI bhine bIjAne azobhana mAnIne temane vega ka65. sahAyaka sAdhaka, lA. da. vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda samucaya alaMkArane eka udAharaNanI samIkSA ] [ 151 For Private and Personal Use Only

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have evo prazna thAya ke "rAjAnA AMgaNu sudhI janAra khala" e te kevaLa azobhana ja che. tyAre bAkInA badhA padArtho zobhana ja che. AthI A oga pramANe ahIM satanI sAthe asatane yoga kema na mAnI zakAya? raka AnA pratyuttaramAM prastuta udA.ne sadoSa batAvatAM kahe che ke "kRpALataH tra" e aMkSanA kathanathI ahIM prakramabhaMgane doSa thAya che. AthI A to sadoSa ja che, saundaryane hetu nathI. Ama A aMza upekSaNIya che. mATe mammaTa vagere anya AcAryoe ATalA aMzane "sahacara bhinnAtha" mAnIne doSayukta ja kahyo che. ahI khalane tatva" ne kAraNe zobhana tathA svata: duSTa hovAthI azobhana mAnIne samarthana karavuM joIe. paraMtu Ama svIkAravA chatAM paNu doSane sarvathA nirAsa thato nathI kAraNa ke AraMbha vizeSyanI zobhanatA ane vizeSaNanI azabhanatAthI thayo che. jyAre ahIM paristhiti UlaTI ja che.3 ahI' vizeSaNagata zobhanatva pahelAM ane vizeSagata azabhanava pachI AvyuM che. TakamAM A prakAranA samuccayamAM zazI, kAminI, sarovara, mukha, svAmI ane sajajana A cha svata: to zobhana ja che paNa taddatad paristhitine kAraNe azobhanIya banyA che jyAre khala svata: azobhana hovAthI sahacarabhinnatvane doSa Ave che. kadAca nRpAMgaNane sadAzobhana gaNI laIe to paNa vizeSyane badale ahI' vizeSaNa pahelAM AvyuM hovAthI prakramabhaMgano doSa to rahe ja che.' A udA.ne vizeSa spaSTa karavA sucyaka punaH eka pUrvapakSa nirUpe che. turA: maramALA vagere samuccayanA (asadyoga samuccayanA) udA.mAM paNa sArI trivadhUta ityAdinI jema ja sadasaghoga zA mATe na mAnI zakAya ? sihAnI jaNAve che ke. evuM nathI kAraNa ke, bane pavomAM kavinI virakSA bhinna bhinna che. zazi divasa ityAdi padyamAM kavinI vivakSA evI che ke padArtho zebhana hovA chatAM paNa padArtho vizeSamAM azobhanatA che, kAraNavazAta azobhanatA AvI gaI che. jema ke candranI dhUsaratA divasane lIdhe che. jyAre rA: vageremAM smarabA vagere padArtho "sarvathA azobhana che" evI kavi vivakSA che. Ama baMnemAM aMtara che. mATe ja te ekamAM "mArA manamAM sAta zakya che' evo upasaMhAra karavAmAM Avyo che. kAraNa ke pahAtha sudara hevAthI hRdayamAM sthAna te pAme che paraMtu vyathAjanaka siddha thatAM te azobhana siddha thAya che, jyAre tuvarA: kSamALA: vagere padyamAM "kema sahana thAya?" ravAmAM Avyo che, tenI pAchaLa A padArtho azubha che evo abhiprAya rahela che. Ama samuracaya alaga ja che. vizvanAtha yakane anusarIne ja A udA.nI samIkSA kare che. iha kecidAhu: zaziprabhatInAM zobhanatva khalasyAzobhanatva ceti sadasadyogaH iti / anye tu zaziprabhRtInAM svataH zobhanatva dhUsaratvAdInAM tvazobhanatvamiti sadasadyogaH / | (sAhityadarpaNa, 10.85 paranI vRtti) spaSTa che ke dvitIya mata vyaka che. vizvanAtha A ja vRttimAM AgaLa nedhe che ke ahIM zazi vageremAM dhUsara vagerenuM atyaMta anucitatva che te vichittivizeSa mATe che ane tethI camatkAra sarjAya che. manasi satta, vagere 152] [sAmIoH eNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1984 For Private and Personal Use Only

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upasaMhArathI paNa siddha thAya ke "kRpA 11: 4"mAM bhagna prakrama-deSa eTalA mATe che ke sarvatra zobhana vizeSyothI ja AraMbha thayo che. jyAre ahI vizeSaNathI thayo che. Ama AlaMkArika anusAra A udA.ne vimarza karyo. aMtamAM eTaluM dhyAnAha ke je pAThabhedane savIkAravAmAM Ave to A suMdara udA. sahacarabhinnatva ane prakramabhaMga ubhayadoSathI mukta banI zake che.. che. Adhunika TIkAkAra ane vidvAna zrI revAprasAda dvivedI alaMkArasarvasvanA (pR. 606) temanA TipaNamAM nItizatakanA TIkAkAra zrI rAmacandra budhendra jevo mata dharAve che. jo ke teo ahI: ekalo dIpakAlaMkAra mAnatA nathI paraMtu samuccayane dIpakanuM aMga banate svIkAre che. temanA mata pramANe rAjaprAsAdamAM rahela duSTa vyakti prakRta che ane dhUsarita caMdra vagere aprakRta che. ahIM kevaLa azabhanono ja yoga che kAraNa ke kavivikSA che ke "mArA cittamAM sAta zalyo che. jo zakya hoya te azobhana ja heya ne ? Ama samuccaya svamAM prarUDha thato nathI. paNa dIpakanuM aMga banIne Ave che. A vaLI revAprasAdajIe anya navI vigata para dhyAna doratAM kahyuM che ke prastuta udA.mAM camatkAranuM kAraNa samuccaya nathI paNa vaiSamya che. kyAM suMdara, haidya evo caMdra ane kayAM dhUsaratA? evo bhAva paNa camatkAra janmAve che. AthI AvA prakAranA samuccayanA udAharaNamAM vaiSamya raheze ane vizvamAMlaMkAranA udA.mAM samuccaya alaMkAra saMbhavaze, bheda kevaLa eTale ja ke samuccayamAM vaiSamyaguNa kiyAgata raheze ane viSamamAM dravyagata. ema to A padyamAM mAlA-samuccaya paNa svIkArI zakAya kAraNa ke zazI, kAminI ItyAdi aneka padArtho che. vaLI zazi adhikaraNa che, guNa nathI. AthI uTheke lakSamAM Adheya ke adhikaraNa athavA te zAbhAkaramitre projo che tema dhama zabda prayojavo joIe. guNa zabdane atha dharma levAthI kiyAne paNa temAM samAveza thaI jaze. ApaNe ahIM samuccaya ane dIpakane saMkara svIkArI zakIe ane vaiSamyane gamyamAna thatuM svIkArI laIe kAraNa viSama alaMkAra zabdata: jaNAto nathI. mAdaTIpa 1. jao jhaLakIkara bAbodhinI, pR. 688, gavanameTa eriyanTala presa, muMbaI I. sa. 1917 2. jhaLakIkara yakane anusarIne sahacara bhinnatva ane bhagnaprakrama vagerene nirdeza karyo che. -juo bAlabodhinI, pR. 688 uparAMta somezvara ane mANijyacaje paNa emanI "saMketa" TIkAmAM yakane anusarIne ja A samajUtI ApI che. (juo saMketa anukrame, pR. 312 ane pR. 267) 3. zrI aravinda nItizatakanAM emanAM Free translation mAM vizeSyane pahelAM mUkayu che ane vizeSaNa ne pachI: jema ke- A base man standing by a monarch's throne; p. 23 4. mammaTanA TIkAkAra mANikayacandra sUri yakane anusarIne A udA samajAvatA hovA chatAM eka sUcana kare che samuccaya alaMkAranA eka udAharaNanI samIkSA] [153 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nRpAGgaNagato rAjJaH prasAdavittaH pumAn / sa tadrUpaH san dhUsaratvenAsan / kAminIti san / galitayauvanatvamasat / evamagre'pi vizeSyadvAreNa sattA vizeSaNa vAreNAsattaikasya vastunaH sarvatra jJeya / iha vizeSyasya sattva' vizeSaNasya cAsattva prakrAntam / tato nRpAGgaNagata iti vizeSaNatayA cAsat / saMta, pR. 267 Ama mANikacandra anusAra "rAjAnA AMgaNAMne" ja vizeSya gaNavuM joIe ane khala-kTa puruSane vizeSaNa gaNavuM joIe, jethI vizeSyanuM zobhanatva ane vizeSaNanuM azobhanatva evo kama jaLavAI rahe. kadAca narendraprabhasUrie eTale ja "kRpasara vakataH" evuM pAThAntara ApyuM che (alaMkAra mahodadhi, pR. 317) ane jhaLakIkare "nRpAmata" evu' pAThAntara nAMkhyuM che. 5. AkhuM udAharaNa A pramANe che : durvArA: smaramArgaNAH priyatamo dUre manotyutmukeM gADha' prema nava vayo'tikaThinAH prANAH kulaM nirmalam / strItva dhairyavirodhi manmathasuhRtkAla: kRtAntokSago no mukhyazcaturA: kathanu virahaH so etya itthazaThaH / / nItizatakanA TIkAkAra zrI rAmacandra bhupendra ahIM zazI vagere aprakatAnA ane prakRta khalanAM dakhaDatatvanA sAmyane lIdhe pampa gamyamAna hovAthI thayelo dIpaka alaMkAra mAne che. (pR. 28) paraMtu AlaMkArikoe ahI samuccayana sadasadyoga ja svIkAryo che. 154 ] [ sAmINa : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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khaMbhAtanuM mughalakAlIna virala khatapatra vibhUti li. bhaka tAjetaramAM ja amadAvAdanA be. je. vidyAbhavananI hastapratonA chuTA-chavAyAM patromAMthI atyaMta chA kAgaLanA kaTakA bhegA karavAthI eka AkhuM khatapatra hAtha lAgyuM che. e myujhiyamanA sAmAnya parigrahaNa kamAMka 16,291 thI beMdhAyuM che. hATa grahaNuka A khatapatra 26.5449 se.mI. mApanuM che. A khatapatra kAgaLanI baMne bAjue lakhAyeluM che. enI bhASA ane lipi gujarAtI che. enI pati 26 che ane lakhANuM saLaMga rekhAnI nIce lakhAyeluM che. AgaLa vaccovacca "zrI gaNezAyanama:", pAchalI bAjue chelle mitu'mAM 15 sahIo ane sAkSa'mAM "1" karIne 12 sahIo vaMcAya che. sArAMza : svastizrI vikrama saMvata 1792 nA bhAdaravA vada 8 ne guruvAre bAdazAha zrI 7 mahemadazAha gAjI rAjya karatA hatA tyAre amadAvAdamAM sUbA ahesaMga mahArAja khaMbhAta khAlase dIvAna abadala husenakhAna kAcha mIra mAsuma navAba momInakhAna hAkema nAjhAM makhAna nAyaba kAjI saiyadaalI vAkAnavesa mIra abharAma darogA ajamatulA ega dIvAna alInakI (nagarazreSTha ) ANaMdarAma mahetA - koTavAla sAhI (yazoda e?)va namAlI khaMbhAtanA rahevAsI salATanI sAkSImAM moDha jJAtIya aDAlajAnI hayAtImAM gAMdhI kalyANajI bhimAjIe be khaMDanuM hATa ThA. raghubhALa, vaherAI nAthA jogI gathA, vyAsaNa maMgaLa, sA. bhAI (vAsa) bhavanI ANaMdarAma zavAsujI tathA mIThA veNI vagere gAma paTelone rU. 25/mAM grahaNe lakhI ApyuM. vaLI lakhI ApyuM. ke e rU. 25 kharo, 11 mAsAnA amadAvAda tathA khaMbhAtanI kasAlanA jyAre jevA paDe tevAM rokADA gAmanI hAjarImAM athavA (je te na bane to) ghareNA, vAsaNo havelI ane ovArAmAM DhoraDhAMkhara je hoya te bharapAI karI devA. (avadhi-aDAlajanI hayAtI sudhI ? 5. 10 ?) atyaMta jINuM khatapatra hovAthI hATanuM varNana pUrepUruM samajI zakAtuM nathI. ekaMdare lAge che ke be khaMDanI hATanI be bAjue ughADI agAsI, AgaLanA bhAgamAM pITaNa, paDALI ane sahiyArI dIvAla che. paDozamAM eka mIThA gokaLa pitAnA svataMtra mAlikInA makAnamAM rahe che. e ghara ane hATanI vaccenI dIvAla paNa sahiyArI che. enA AMgaNAmAM cabUtare, nAnI DokAbArI ane raveza Avela che. e hATamAM kaMI paNa bhare-bharAve, peTA bhADe Ape ke giravI ApI zake. e makAna tUTI jAya te tyAM je hAjara hayAta hoya te badhA durasta karAvI Ape koI ja tyAM hAjara na hoya te tyAMnA benI hAjarImAM je kharca thAya te majare Ape. rakamanuM vyAja nahi ke dukAnanuM bhADuM nahi. kerTakacerI ke devI Apatti AvI paDe to tenA devA peTe e rakama eka sAthe badhuM gaNAya. chelle "matu' ane "sAkSa'mAMnI sahIo paikI keTalIka uparanA lakhANamAM upalabdha che, jemake vAsaNa maMgaLa, raghu dayALa, bhAIdAsa bhagavatAnI, sA. bhavAnI, ANadA rAghavajI vagere. * myujhiyama-ina-cArja, bho. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda khaMbhAtanuM mughalakAlIna virala khatapatra] [155 For Private and Personal Use Only

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prastuta khatapatramAM prathama nAma bAdazAha zrI mahemadazAha gALa Ave che, je bhAratanA itihAsamAM muhammadazAha raMgIlA jANI tarIke dikahIne mughala bAdazAha che. tenA nAmanA sikkA para muhammadazAha gAjhI' lakhANa maLe che. tenA rAjyakAla (I. sa. 171-1748) daramyAna gujarAtane mUo mahArAja ajitasiMha cAlu ra helo, tenA pachI jodhapuranA mahArAjA abhayasiMha thayA. tenI sUbedArI (I. sa. 1730-37) daramyAna teNe pitAnA nImelA ratanasiMha bhaMDArI dvArA pitAno vahIvaTa calAvyo. marAThA-mughalonA saMgharSathI kaMTALIne eka vAra 1733mAM te dilhI pAcho cAlyo gayelo. e samaya daramyAna amadAvAdamAM mughala-marAThAonuM saMyukta rAjya cAlatuM hatuM ane khaMbhAtane nAyaba sUbo pote momInakhAna gujarAtano sUbo thatA pahelAM 1 varSa agAu amadAvAdamAM hato. e vakhate amadAvAdanA pAdazAhI dIvAna abdula ganI begakhAnanuM mRtyu thayeluM. tenA pachI tenA putra abdula husenakhAnanA sUbAnA nAyaba tarIke hukamano nimaNupatra laIne momInakhAna amadAvAda Avyo hato. kema ke abdula husenakhAnanI sAthe memInakhAnane sagAIne saMbaMdha hato. nAyaba tarIke tenA sahI-sikakAvALI sanada ke hukamanuM e samaye mahattva hatu.4 bhe, je. vidyAbhavanA saMgrahAlayamAM siddhajane vi. saM. 1796 ne eka Arasane zilAlekha surakSita che. temAM muhammadazAha pAtazAha je dilhInA bAdazAha auraMgajhebane prapautra hatuM tenA nAma pachI e lekhamAM amadAvAdanA sUbA-navAba mU (mo)mInakhAnanuM nAma Ave che. e ja prastuta khatapatramAM uhilakhita (gujarAtane sUo) momInakhAna (I. sa. 173-1743) che. Ama A zilAlekhamAM tene gujarAtanA sUbedAra ane khatapatramAM khaMbhAta khAlase hAkema momInakhAna kahyo che. A parathI momInakhAnanA sUbA thatA pahelAM 1 varSa pahelAMnA prastuta khatapatra ane gujarAtanA sUbA thayAnA 5 vaNa pachIno zilAlekha-ema baMne sAdhano momInakhAnanI kArakirdInI sAkSI pUre tevAM che, je A myujhiyamamAM sacavAyelAM che.pa momInakhAna zarUAtamAM piTalAdano phojadAra hata6 pachIthI khaMbhAtamAM kArabhAra karIne gujarAtanA sUbA banavAne manasUbo sevato hato. ratanasiMha bhaMDArInA kArabhAra daramyAna te amadAvAda para lazkarI ghero ghAlavAmAM vyasta rahyo ane marAThAonI kanaDagata dUra karavAno prayAsa karato rahyo.8 vakhata jatAM tenA bahAdurIbharyA ane bAhoza kAryothI khuza thaIne tene "najamudolA" "dilAvara jaMga," "nuruddIna mahamadakhAna mamInakhAna bahAdura" khitAbathI sammAnita karavAmAM Avyo tA.8 te khaMbhAtanI navAbInA sthApaka manAya che. I. sa. 1776mAM abhayasiMhane badale bIjo sUbo na Ave tyAM sudhI momInakhAna gujarAtane sUbedAra(I. sa. 1737-43) rahyo.10 prastuta khatapatramAM e samaye nAyaba hAkema nAjhAmakhAna e momInakhAnane jamAI hevA saMbhave che, jenuM mULa nAma najamudolA mirajA nAsara, jene "najamakhAna" paNa kahyo che. hAjI mIra mAsumakhAna e janAgaDhane nAyaba phojadAra hato. jene muhammadazAhe I. sa. 1720 mAM rAjakeTane mahela jAgIramAM Apyo hato. I. sa. 1732 sudhImAM teNe rAjakeTanuM nAma pitAnA nAma parathI "mAsUma. bAda pADeluM. A uparAMta khaMbhAtanA nAyaba kAjI tarIke sauyadaalI, vAkAnavIsa kIpa mIra abharAma, adAlatanA dA rogo ajamatulA bega, dIvAna alInakI ? nArAyaNa mahetA, koTavAla aNuMdarAma ane vanamAlInAM nAme upalabdha thAya che. Ama A khatapatramAMthI khaMbhAtanA amaladAromAM navAM nAme jANavA maLe che. 156] [sAmIpya: okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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e samaye khaMbhAtanI devAnI poLa ane baLadevanI pALa rAjamArga para AvelI hatI, jenI pAse A hATa haze. ene Agale bhAga dukAna tarIke ane pAchale bhAga vakhAra ke raheNAka tarIke vaparAto haze. hAlamAM paNa prAcIna gAmomAM A prakAranI hATa hoya che, e hATanA varNanamAM keTalAMka vizeSa zabda jovA maLe che. jema ke pATaNa ughADI bArI ke nAne khAMDaNi, karI=jADI dIvAla, hATaDu =dIvAlamAM UMDuM nAnuM eka bAraNAvALuM kabATa, jenuM bAraNuM dIvAlanI sapATImAM ja hoya, cabUtarocakalAM kabUtara vagere mATe dANA-pANI mUkavAnI UghADI agAsI, jene keTalIka vAra nIsaraNI paNa hoya. gabhANuM Dhora-DhAMkharane rahevAnI jagyA uparAMta rasoDuM, pANiyA, TAMku, kUI vagere te hoya ja. A badhA zabda tatkAlIna sthApatyakIya racanA para prakAza pADe che. vyavasAya ane jJAti parathI avaTaMkanuM sUcana thAya che. ahIM aDAlaja, mahetA, paTela, gAMdhI, salATa, cokasI, dudhArA, bhADabhUjA vagere aTakonI prAcInatAnuM paNa sucana thAya che. e samaye amadAvAda-khaMbhAta baMnenI TaMkazALanA rUpiyAnuM mUlya sarakhuM haze. 11 mAsAnA cAMdInA rUpiyA calaNamAM cAlatA haze.13 chatAM vyavahAramAM saMbhavatI viSamatA dUra karavA mATe spaSTatA karI che ke je rokaDA rUpiyA na ApI zakAya to tene badale vinimayanA bIjA sAdhanorUpe e kiMmatanA ghareNAM, vAsaNe uparAMta gabhANamAM Dhora-DhAMkhara paNa bharapAI karI zakAtA haze. ' A khatapatra je divase lakhAyu e divase tA 17-9-1736ne zukravAra Ave che. tethI vAranI gaNatarIno phera paDe che.14 Ama A khatapatramAMthI e samayanA amadAvAdanA ane khaMbhAtanA mukhya hodedAro ane khaMbhAtanI agragaNya vyaktionAM paNa nAmo tathA vigate prApta thAya che. e mughalakAlanA itihAsanI mAhitI sAthe mAtra meLavavA pUratI ja nahi paraMtu temAM umero karavA mATe paNa upayogI thaI paDe che. AthI ene samAveza tatkAlIna aitihAsika sAdhanasAmagrImAM paNa karI zakAya.5 pATha zrI gaNezAya nama: 1. svasti : zrImatR(nU)pa vikramAraka(rka) samaAyAti)(tI)ta saMvata 1792nA varakhe bhAduvA vada 8 vA garejI ade gha) ha pAdazAhA zrI umehemada sAhA gAjI [subena kA rAjha (jayaM) karotita tasyA desA(syA)zAta guja (ja)rAdhIsa(za) amadAbAda 3. vAle sebe sAeba mAhArAja zrI 5 mAhArAja abhesaMgajI dIvyAnI zrI 5 abadala hasaMnakhAna 4. zrI rAjanagara maLe che. have zrI khaMbhAta khAlase havAle hakaMma zrI [5] nabApa momInakhAna amadA5. bAda maheyasara che tehena mUkI zrI khaMbhAta mathe nAabha(nAyaba ?) hAkema nAMjhAmakhAMna phajhAe karatA 6. kAjI zrI 5 mIra mAsuma hajuramAM che, tene mUkA. zrI khaMbhAta maLe nAyaba kAcha seyada alI vyAkA7. nave zrI 5 mIra abharAma adAlatanA darogA zrI 5 ajama-tulA bega dIvyAna zrI 5 a8. lIna kI hajuramAM che tenA mUkAma zrI 5 khaMbhAta vyAsta mathe vAya (nAyaNa?) mehatA ANaMdarAma 9, TavAle zrI 5 sAddhI sada e va mA(mIlI paMcakula pratIpata : zrI khaMbhAta vAste vala moDha aDA 10. LaLa hayAtI avadhe zAkhA ama gAMdhI/kalyANajI bha [likhita bhamAja joga lI?] khI[] khaMbhAtanuM mughalakAlIna virala khatapatra] [ 157 For Private and Personal Use Only

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11. ga eka garAya vAte baeNga salATa hayAta samasta ThAra raghu daLa tathA vehe rAI nAthA - 12. thA jenI mathA tathA vyAsaNa maMgaLa tathA bhAI sA. bhavAnI tathA ANadArAma sevakI 17. cha tathA nIThANI e tAna jaNuM tthA [paTalIo vagare salATa hayAta samasta bAlaga14. pAla asatA kharAMdatAte rUpaiA 25 aMke pacavIsa pahelA kharA kharA zA15. zIkAra ene moharA rUpu tela mAsA 11AAnA zrI amadAvAdI tathA khaMbhAtanI (2) 16. zAlanA javAre jevA paDe tathA cAle tAre tevA rokaDA hayAta samasta devA[: reNaNAM) 17. para devA te ghareNuM hAMDA havelI ke dIma govArA mache najIka ba devanI piLane lagatu ha. I] 18. Tha(2) dakhaNa [*]zAmAM JibAranu[] hATa khaMDara che te upara che te upara pITaku udhADI agAsI che e hATana karo 19. [sahiyAro che. rasoDuM hATaDuM rasoDAnuM che te tathA paravazA (sAthe sA20. upara ravezanI agAzI e vagatanuM che. te paTala mIThA gokaLanA kabajA 21. bhiogavaTAne che teo vacce [----]gaNe cabUtaro iraga zyA, 22. te upara ravezanI agAzI e vagatanuM hATha ! hayAta samastanuM che. te 23. upara hayAta samate devAe hAThanuM bhADuM] nahI : te garathanuM vyAja nahI. e hATha maLe tame 24. vaso vasAto bharo bharAvo vakhAra karo karA ADa ghareNe mu(bhU)ke e hATha paDu A 25. khaDu hayAta samasta karAvI Ape [.] hayAta hAjara na hoya to tamo jaNuM 2 hajara khara 2te mama)jare Apu..] rAjaka devaka garatha bheya upara devA kelakAta...rahIta eka mUThe garA [atra ma0] ravA Ala ANadA rAdhavajI bhAIdAsa bhagavatAnI jogIA bhagavaMta vAsaNuM maMgaLa bhAvacaMda suracaMda gavatama amerA saramAM khasala bApu jANaA bApu jana []dhA [paTela] matu karapAzaMkara parabhA rAdhava aMTola khImA nAgara parabhu mIThA ThAra (bIjAM be nAmo phATI gayA che.) citra sAba. 1 zA bhUlA arIdAza 1 zA kAzI vaNarazI zAkha dhaNI 2 hajura upara lakhAgAna 1 maMgalajI motI sAkha 1 dheLA bhagavAna sAkha be hajura 1 gAMdhI : kAlIdAsa rAyajI zAkha ghaNI be 2 hajAra 1 gAMdhI : vaNArasI veNIdAsa ghaNI 2 hajura 1 cokazI jeThA kezavarAya 1 cokazI nAraNu nAnu (lAla ?) 1 dudhArA : gulAbanI zAkha ghaNuM 2 hajura 1 daAla khuzAla bhavAnI zAkha ghaNuM 1 bhADabhujI 2 hajura devazAkha dhaNI 2 hajura 1 sabatanI sA(zA)kha 158 ] [ sAmIpya: okaTobara, 3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ANaMdasama savajI=ANadA rAdhavajI ? bhAIzA bhavAnIebhAIdAsa bhagavatAnI ? nIkA veNI=vaNurazI veNIdAsa ? pAdaTIpa 1. kRSNalAla mo. jhaverI (anu), "mirAte ahamadI' (mi. e.) amadAvAda, 1933, pR. 38-40; 2. bI. jeTa, khaMbhAtano itihAsa,' amadAvAda, 1935, pR. 6; 2. cho. parIkha ane ha. gaM. zAstrI (saMpA.), "gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika," graM. 6; (gu. rA. sAM. I), amadAvAda, 1979, pR. 97, 108, 222, 229, 231 2, mi. e , pR. 243, 250, 257-158, 462; I. vi trivedI, "gujarAtanA musilamakAlIna saMskRta abhilekhomAMthI maLatI mAhitI,' vibhAga 1, (apragaTa mahAnibaMdha), amadAvAda, 1971, 5. 87; navInacaMdra A, AcArya, "mughalakAlIna gujarAtano itihAsa (mu. gu. i), amadAvAda 1971, pR. 95-96,. gu. rA. sa. I., pR. 97, 105-118, 222, 229, 231 3. mi. e., pR. 462,. M. F. Lokhandwala, Mirati Ahmadi (M. A.), Baroda, 1903, p. 491; gu. rA. sAM. I., pR. 106 4. mi. e. pU. 15, 204, 2 37, 239, 247 ityAdi, M. A., p. 491 5. gujarAta vidyAsabhA ane bho. je. vidyAbhavana saMgrahAlayanuM khatapatra naM'. 16291, ane zilAlekha-sA. parikramAMka 13392., "buddhiprakAza," a', 127; 5. 127; ha, gaM. zAstrI (saMpA.), "gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekho,' gra.5, mughalakAla, le, naM. 6, muMbaI 1991, pR. 109 . mi. e. pR 198; gu. rA. sAM. I., 105 7. gu. rA. sAI., pR. 108 8. mi. e., pR. 108, 56 1; jeTa, uparyukta. pR. 61; gu. rA. sAM. 4, pR. 110 9. mi. e; jeTa, uparyukta, pR. 60-61; I. vi. trivedI, uparyukta, pR. 88; mu. gu. I; 5. 96-97., gu. rAcA. I pu. 105, 109, 110, 158-159 10, "mi e; pR 108, 178, 198, 241, mu. gu. 4, pR. 97, gu. rA. sAM. 4, pR. 19 >> mi. e; pR. 399; 410, 468, 432-433, 450, 661 12 mi. e; pR. 35, 340; zrI jeTa, uparyukta, pR. 48, mu. gu. 4, pR. 14, gu. rA. 4 pR. 124 1 M. A, part II, p. 236, 299; mi. e, pR. 24, 34, 40, 435, mu. gu. I, pR. 185, gu. rA. sAM. I, pR. 222, 229-231 78. L. D. Swamikannu Pillai, An Indian Ephimeres, Vol Vi, Delhi, 1982, p. 273 15 A khatapatrane mULa pATha joI javA badala hai hariprasAda ga zAstrInI temaja A khatapatranA prakAzananI preraNuM temaja maMjUrI ApavA badala hai pravINacaMdra ci. parIkha, niyAmaka, jo je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAdanI huM AbhArI chuM. khaMbhAtanuM mughalakAlIna virala khatapatra] [159 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gAma : dUra tathA najIka : sthaLanAmanA pariprekSyamAM maNibhAI mistrI * sthaLa nAmane itihAsa rasaprada che. A bAbatamAM vaDodarAsthita gujarAta sthaLanAma' saMsade noMdhapAtra kAma kareluM che. tene ahevAla "saMsadanI vyAkhyAnamALA', bhAga ekamAM prApya vidyAmaMdira, vaDodarA tarapha prasiddha karela che. A gaNatarI 1957 thI zarU thaI hatI. . bhogIlAla sAMDesarA tenA pramukha hatA tathA De. 2. nA. mahetA tenA maMtrI hatA. koI kAraNasara 1962 mAM te pravRtti maMda paDI gaI. saMsadane ahevAla jotAM jaNAya che ke De. 2. nA, mahetAe vaDodarA zahera tathA tAlukAnAM sthaLa nAmo viSe vyAkhyAno ApyAM hatAM. hai. hariprasAda zAstrIe maitraka rAjyamAM upalabdha sthaLanAmo viSe eka vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. sva. umAkAMta e zAhe kazyapa saMhitAnAM nAme viSe eka vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. bhAnuprasAda cekasI e carotaranAM sthaLa nAma viSe vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM, zrI aruNodaya jAnIe buData saMhitAmAM upalabdha sthaLanAma viSe vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. zrI surezacaMdra kAMTAvALAe matsyapurANa aMtargata narmadA mAhAtyanAM sthaLanAmo saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. sva. kanaiyAlAla davee pATaNAM sthaLanAmo viSe vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. zrI puSkara caMdaravAkare khaMbhAtanAM sthaLanAmo vize vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. prA. narottamabhAI vALaMde bharUcanAM sthaLanAmo viSe vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. koI kAra sara mahesANA, valasADa, DAMga, kaccha jillAomAM tathA saurASTranA lagabhaga badhA ja jillAomAM kaMI kAma thaI zakyuM nahotuM. A nibaMdhamAM mahesANA tathA valasADa jillAonAM savaLanAmo saMbaMdhI thoDo prayAsa karyo che. keTalIka vAra eka ja nAmanA eka karatAM vadhAre gAmo hoya che. dAkhalA tarIke valasADa jillAmAM eka "pAraDI' gAmo che, temane eka bIjAthI alaga pADavA AjubAjunAM gAmone upaga thAya che. dAkhalA tarIke tAlukAnuM mukhya pAraDI che, te uparAMta pAraDI harIA, pAraDI pAranerA, kile pAraDI, sarapara pAraDI, palasANA tAlukAmAM pAraDI dhAnA, pAraDI kebA; coryAsI tAlukAmAM pAraDI kaNade tathA navasArI tAlukAmAM sAteya pAraDI che. De. ramaNalAla mahetAe pAraDI viSe eka pustikA lakhI che, temaja ghaNI vadhArAnI mAhitI ApI che.' bAraDolI tAlukAmAM pAraDI valoDa che. mahesANA jillAmAM ATheka vAsaNa gAme che, cANasmA tAlukAmAM jhIlIA vAsaNuM, galolI vAsaNuM; pATaNa tAlukAmAM bhUtiyA vAsaNa, bhATa vAsaNuM, vIsala vAsa, TAMka vAsaNa tathA gulavAsaNa che, visanagara tAlukAmAM jetala vAsaNa che. keTalIka vAra eka ja nAmanAM gAme alaga gagA nAnuM, moTuM, khArU, mIThuM vAparI gAma alaga pADavAmAM Ave che. pATaNa tAlukAmAM be vAvaDI che mIDI vAvaDI tathA khArI vAvaDI, huM pATaNa mAdhyamika zALAmAM abhyAsa karatA hatA tyAre aThavADiyAmAM eka vAra cAlate jato hato. rastAmAM ja * niyAmaka, vijaya mistrI kansTrakazana li, amadAvAda 16 0] [ sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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mIThI vAvaDI Ave che. thoDA gAu pachI jarA bAjumAM khArI vAvaDI Ave che. (vALaMdabhAI A saMbaMdho eka kahevata che ke "vAvaDI caskI !' meM A baMne gAma vALaMda bhAIone maLI, kaI vAvaDI cI hatI te jANavA prayatno karyA hatA. baMne gAmanA vALaMdabhAIe potAnI vAvaDI caskI te svIkAravA taiyAra nathI). vAMsadA tAlukAmAM be vAlajhara gAma che. nAnI tathA moTI dharamapura tAlukAmAM be vAghachIpA gAmo che, nAnuM tathA moTuM. surata jillAmAM keTalAMka gAmo pAchaLa "yANu" eTale ke sthAna zabda vaparAya che. dAkhalA tarIke calathANa, kalathANa, paramANu. uparanA prakAre jANItA che. mane eka judA ja prakAra vyArA tAlukAmAM jaNAyo che, te viSe have lakhuM chuM. eka ja gAmanAM be nAmo hoya tene alaga pADavA 'dUra' ane 'najIka" zabda asala gAyakavADI tAlukA phakta vyArA tAlukAmAM ja jaNAya che. rasaprada vAta e che ke A gAmone alaga gaNavA tAlukAnA mukhya mathaka vyArAthI ja gaNavAmAM Ave che. - A mAhitI jyAre huM vyArA tAlukAmAM AvelI nAnI nadI olaNa para Aqua duct -nadI parathI ukAu vartuLamAM AvelI nadI para DAbA kAMThAnI kenAla para pula sane 1975-76mA bAMdhAte hato tyAre najIkanuM gAma bAmaNAmAla dUra' hatuM, te parathI kutUhala thayuM. gujarAta rAjyamAM vasatI gaNatarI sane 1971 mAM thaI hatI, temAM surata jillAnI vasatI gaNatarInA riporTamAMthI A mAhitI maLI hatI. tenI saMpUrNa yAdI nIce mujaba che. temAM vyArAthI kaI dizAe uttara ke dakSiNa te darzAvyuM che. gAmanuM vyArAthI keTalA vyArAthI gAmanuM vyArAthI keTalA vyArAthI nAma kilomITara dUra dizA nAma kilomITara dUra dizA beDakuvA dUra 16 uttara aMdhAravADI najIka 2 dakSiNa beDakuvA najIka uttAra bhojapura dUra 10 keTIsakuvA dUra 10 uttara bhojapura najIka keTIsakuvA najIka uttara bAmaNamala dUra 26 rAmapurA dUra 24 bAmaNamala najIka 11 rAmapurA najIka 2 umaragAma dUra kare dakSiNa aMdhAravADI dUra 32 umaragAma najIka dakSiNa tAlukAnAM kula gAma 149 bhAratanI vasatI gaNatarI 1901, vibhAga (a) tathA (ba) surata jillo. navAInI vAta e che ke A mAhitI phakta 17ii nA gujarAtI riporTamAM ja che. 1971 nA aMgrejI riporTamAM nathI. temaja 1981 nA gujarAtI tathA aMgrejI rIporTamAM nathI. 1971 nA riporTa prasiddha thavAnA hajI bAkI che. dakSiNa dakSiNa dakSiNa dakSiNa dakSiNa 1. 2. nA. mahetA, pAraDI', 5, 7-20 gAma dUra tathA najIka 1 [161 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra egaNIsamI sadImAM saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnu AMdolana* www.kobatirth.org esa. vI. jAnI + ogaNIsamI sadI e bhAratanA itihAsamAM sAmAjika sudhArAnI dRSTie mahattvane samaya gavAmAM Ave che. A sadIe bhAratamAM sudhArAnI sadI banI rahI ane teNe Adhunika yugamAM praveza karyAM. navA pravAhonI zarUAta ane te ghaTanAe pratye pratisAda A samayamAM vadhAre AviSkAra pAme che.' A samaya daramyAna pAzcAtya dezezanA saSa' tathA pAzcAtya sAhitya ane vijJAnanA abhyAsanA pariNAme rAjakIya, Arthika sahita sAmAjika kSetre mahattvanA aneka pheraphAra thayA. pariNAme bhAratane samAja sudhArA ane parivata nanA vaLAMke AvI pahoMcyA. saurASTramAM paNa 1806-08 mAM vokara-karAra thatAM saurASTramAM marAThAmenI avAranavAra thatI mulakagIrI caDAI AnA ata Avye ane saurASTramAM zAMtinI uSA pragaTI, temAM paNa 1820 mAM briTiza sattAe gAyakavADa sAthe karAra karatAM saurASTramAM briTizarAnI sarvocca sattA sthapAi. te varSamAM ja a'grejoe rAjakoTamAM ejansInI keDI sthApI. tethI 1820 tuM va saurASTramAM vividha kSetre eka navA yugane uddaya sUcave che. saurASTramAM rAjakoTamAM briTiza koDInI sthApanAne pariNAme te saurASTra bahAranA ateka pradeze. sAthe saparka mAM AvyuM tathA tenAthI sAMskRtika kSetre navA pravAhanI zarUAta thai.4 saurASTranA samAja ane ataMtra upara paNa tenI asara thaI. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ogaNIsamI sadInA prArabhe gujarAtamAM sau prathama svAmI sahAnaMde (1781-1830) prA. likAgata hindu mALakhAmAM rahIne parina lAvavAnA prayAsa karyAM hatA. temane gujarAtanA Adya sudhAraka kahI zakAya. saurASTra paN temanu` kA kSetra hatuM. saurASTramAM temaNe chekarIone dUdha-pItI karavAnI paddhatine virAva karyAM hatA. tee tene tri-hatyA (sagAnI hatyA, bALakanI hatyA ane strInI hatyA) kahetA.pa uparAMta temaNe sonI prathA dUra karavAnA prayAseA karyAM tathA lekane vahema ke matrataMtramAM AsthA na rAkhavAnA upadeza ApyA 6 Jin pazcima bhAratamAM sAmAjika kSetre sudhArA mATenA prayatna sau prathama muMbaImAM ane pachIthI surata tathA amadAvAdamAM thayA hatA. gujarAtanI samAja sudhArA mATenI sau prathama mahattvanI evI saccA nava dharma sabhA'' suratamAM 1844mAM sthapAI hatI. tenI sthApanAmAM durgArAma maMchArAma dave (1809-1876)e mahattvaneA bhAga bhajavyeA hatA. A sabhAnA mukhya hetue hatA jJAtibheda nAbUda karaveA, vidhavA vivAhane uttejana Apavu, mUti praznane aMta lAvavA, kheATA vaheme khullA pADavA, jAdugara tathA bhuvA jatino vAtA khullI pADI vagere. A saMsthAnI maryAdAe hovA chatAM te briTiza zAsanatI sthApanA pachI pazcima bhAratamAM uThya pAmI rahela sAmAjika jAgRtinI prathama mU abhivyakti hatI. zikSaNa mAraphata sAmAjika sudhArAne prAtsAhana ApavA 1848 mAM amadAvAdamAM dhI gujarAta varnAkayulara seAsAyaTI'' sthapAI hatI. + 162] gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA 17 mA adhivezana, amadAvAda mukAme rajU karela saMzodhana lekha prAdhyApaka ane adhyakSa, anusnAtaka itihAsa vibhAga, saurASTra yunivarsiTI, rAjakoTa [sAmIpTa : kaTobara, '93-mA', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gujarAtamAM sudhArAnAM mukhya kendra surata ane amadAvAda hatAM, te saurASTramAM sudhArAnAM mukhya kendra rAjakoTa ane jUnAgaDha hatAM. saurASTramAM briTiza zAsananI sthApanAne pagale sAmAjika kSetre sudhArAnuM vAtAvaraNa sarjAyuM hatuM. saurASTramAM briTiza vahIvaTItaMtramAM athavA dezI rAjyomAM mahatvanAM hodA dharAvatA briTiza amaladAro ane dezI amaladAroe A kSetre pahela karI hatI. jUnAgaDhanA nAgara dIvAna raNachoDajI(176 8-1841) e saurASTramAM rajapUtomAM pravartatA che karIene dUdha pItInA cAlane nAbUda karavA briTiza sarakArane madada karI hatI. Ama temaNe sudhArA karavAmAM parokSa sahakAra Apyo hato. paraMtu saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnI caLavaLanA mukhya praNetA hatA. jUnAgaDhanA zrI maNizaMkara jaTAzaMkara kikANa (1822-1884). zrI maNizaMkara kikANIe janAgaDhamAM 1854 mAM su5tha pravartaka 'hanI' sthApelI che pachIthI "saurASTra nAgara maMDaLI" nAme oLakhAtI A saMsthAno hetu pracalita rItarivAjomAM pheraphAra karavA-karAvavAnuM hatuM. A saMsthA dvArA temaNe bhAMga-gAMja jevo nazo na karavA ane aghaTita rUDhio kADhI nAkhavA mATe prayAsa karelA. zrI kikANI 1834 thI 1874 sadhI rAjakeTamAM sthapAyela briTiza poliTikala ejansImAM vividha hodAo upara rahyA hatA. briTiza koDInI sthApanA pachInA varSomAM rAjakeTa saurASTranI rAjakIya-sAmAjika-Arthika temaja sAMskRtika pravRttionuM kendra banI gayuM hatuM. suratanA durgArAma mahetA 1852 mAM suratathI zikSaNa khAtAmAM badalI pAmIne rAjakeTa AvyA hatA. vaLI 1853 mAM amadAvAdanI aMgrejI zALAnA heDamAstara bhogIlAla prANavalabhadAsa kAThiyAvADanA keLavaNI khAtAnAM vaDA tarIke baDhatI pAmIne rAjakeTa AvyA hatA. te banenA sakriya sahakArathI zrI kikANIe rAjakeTamAM 1856 mAM "vidyAbhyAsa maMDaLI nI sthApanA karI hatI. A saMsthA paNa sAmAjika dUSaNe ane aMdhazraddhA tathA vahema dUra karavA prayatna karatI hatI. I. sa. 1964mAM zrI maNizaMkara kikANIe jUnAgaDhamAM "jJAna grAhaka sabhA sthApelI. Ama te eka sAhityika pravRttio karavA mATenI saMsthA hatI. paraMtu sAhityanA mAdhyamathI te saMsthAe sAmAjika sudhArAnuM paNa kAma karyuM hatuM. zrI kikANI mAnatA hatA ke vyavahAra mATe gajarAtI, unati mATe aMgrejI ane dharmajJAna mATe saMskRta e traNe bhASA jarUrI che. A saMsthA sthApyA pachInA bIjA ja varSe 1865 mAM A saMsthAe jUnAgaDhathI "saurASTra darpaNa nAmanuM mAsika patra zarU karelu. A mAsike navA vicArono phelAvo karavAmAM mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. zrI kikANIe AmAM punarlagna tathA mUrtipUjA jevA viSayo upara lekha lakhyA hatA. pachIthI rUdrajI suMdarajI rANAnA taMtrIpada heThaLa te navajIvana pAmyuM hatuM. ane mAsika tenI cAra hajAra nakale vecAtI hatI te tenI prasiddhi darzAve che.11 sarvazrI maNizaMkara kikANI, bhAvanagaranA dIvAna gaurIzaMkara ojhA, jUnAgaDhanA dIvAna gokuLajI jhAlA tathA durlabhajI bApubhAI, kRSNAjI bhagavAnajI, kabA gAMdhI (gAMdhIjInA pitA) vagerenA prayatnothI rAjakoTamAM I. sa. 1865 mAM "vidyAguNa prakAzana sabhA sthapAI hatI. pachIthI 1867 mAM karasanadAsa mULajI jevA prasiddha sudhAraka kAThiyAvADanA paliTikala ejanTanA madadanIza tarIke rAjakeTamAM nImAtAM saurASTranI sudhArAnI pravRttine vega maLyo hato. temanA protsAhana...ane zrI kikANI. uttamarAma narabherAma, nagInadAsa vrajabhUSaNadAsa vagerenA prayatnothI rAjakoTamAM 1868 mAM "vijJAna ogaNIsamI sadImAM saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnuM AMdolana ] [163 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vilAsa'' mAsika zarU thayu' hatuM. tenA tataMtrI tarIke TrenIMga kolejanA prinsipAla haragevi`dadAsa kAMTAvAlA hatA. zrI kikANInA tathA anyAnA aneka lekhA AmAM prasiddha hatA. zrI kikANI sudhAraka uparAMta ciMtaka paNa hatA. te kanyA keLavaNInA samaya`ka ane bALalagna prathAnA viradhI hatA, paraMtu vidhavA punalagnanI tarapheNa karatA na hatA. teo yAnaMda sarasvatInI jema hinduo mATe vedane pramANabhUta graMtha mAnatA hatA. chatAM tee! dayAnaMdanI jema mUrtipUjAnA virAdhI na hatA. temaNe te svAmI dhyAna te mUrtipUjA aMge carcA karavA rAjakoTa AvavA AmaMtraNa ApyuM hatuM. teo AvI na zakatAM zrI kikANIe mUrti pUjana aMge temane 24 prazno pUchyA hatA. tenA javAba dhyAna vatI pUrNAnaMde ApyA hatA.12 Ama temanuM valaNa ekadare rUDhicusta sudhArAvAdInuM hatu. teo hindudharmanI praNAlIne anusarIne sudhAre karavAnI tarapheNamAM hatA. pariNAme temanA sudhArA AMdelane gujarAtanI jema pratyAdhAta pedA karyA na hatA.13 rAjakoTamAM A samAjano sthApanA paNa karavAmAM AvI hatI. (1874) uparAMta rAjakoTamAM svadeza udyamavadhaka sabhA, jAmanagaramAM maneArajakasabhA ane pArabaramAM suedha DIleTI ga sAsAyaTI sthapAyA hatA. te uparAMta merakhInI Aya suSedhaka ma`DaLI, dvArakAnI nautama nATaka ma'DaLI, ane vAMkAneranI Aya`hitavardhaka nATaka kaMpanIe sAmAjika parivatananI prakriyAmAM parAkSa rIte mahattvanA bhAga bhajavyeA hateA.14 A badhAM svaicchika ma`DaLe! mATe bhAge zaherAmAM sthapAyAM hatA ane samAjanI ucca jJAtio jevI ke nAgara, brAhmaNu, vANiyA, kAyastha, brahmakSatriya vagerene vizeSa sparzItAM hatAM. A badhAM maDaLeAte pariNAme keTalAMka sAmAjika sudhArA AkAra pAmyA hatA. jema ke saurASTramAM prathama vidhavA vivAha 1873mAM thayeA hato. 1881-82 mAM vidhavAvivAhanA banAvA kutiyANA, dhArALa, jAmanagara, rAjATa, kuMDalA vageremAM paNa banyA hatA.15 paradezagamana upara sAmAjika pratibadhA hovA chatAM gAMdhIjI sahita keTalAka yuvAnee iMglenDa jevA videzeAnI mulAkAta lIdhI hatI. bhAvanagaranA mahArAjA takhatasiMhujI (1869-1896) tathA goMDalanA ThAkora sAheba bhagavata siMhajI (1869 -1944) ane saurASTranA keTalAMka rAjyAnAM nAgara dIvAne samAja sudhArAnA himAyatI hatA, paraMtu samAjamAM rUDhivAdI paribaLenuM prabhutva hatuM. tethI paraMparAvAdIe ane sudhArAvAdIo vacce Nu sa`ze tevA bhaya hatA. paraMtu supArakAnA agraNI zrImadiza kara kikANIe AvA sate TALyeA hateA kAraNu ke temaNe mAtra evA ja pAzcAtya sAmAjika vicArA ane mUlye| svIkAryAM` je tatkAlIna samAjanAM para parAgata mUlyA sAthe TakarAtAM na hAya.17 vaLI tethI temaNe dhImI gatie AgaLa vadhavAnuM pasaMda kareluM. taLa gujarAta ane saurASTranAM sudhArakAnI paddhatimAM paNa phera hatA. taLagujarAtanA bauddhikA parivartanavAdI hatA jyAre saurASTranA sarakSaNutrAdI hatA, taLa gujarAtanA parivartanavAdIgmA upara pAzcAtya saMskRtinI UMDI asara hatI jyAre saurASTranA saMrakSavAdIe bhAratIya saMskRtinA pAyAnA tattvAnA cAhaka hatA. gujarAtanuM sudhArA AMdelana jhaDapI gativALuM ane vyApaka svarUpanuM hatu jyAre saurASTranu` sudhArA AMdolanakSetra maryAdita hatuM. saurASTranA sudhArA gujarAtanA sudhArAnI peThe gAjI Uye nahi, paraMtu gujarAtamAM sudhArAnuM kAma sakSeAbhI thayuM te saurASTramAM zAMtithI, gabhI ratAthI thayu`.18 navalazakara la. paDayAe lakhelu' ke kAThiyAvADanA rAjakAraNanI khaTAza ane pAzcAtya 164] [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, '93-mA', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vicArenI khArAzamAMthI kadAca navuM kUTATa pedA thAya9 paraMtu zrI maNizaMkara kikANInA prayatnothI saurASTramAM AvuM gharSaNa nivArI zakAyuM hatuM. kAraNa ke zrI kikANIno sudhAro ThAvaka ane TharelA hatA. 20 te jIvanapaddhatimAM uthalapAthala karanAra na hatI. Ama 19 mI sadImAM saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnA AMdolananI gati dhImI hatI. tene prabhAva ujaLiyAtavarga pUrate maryAdita hatA chatAM teNe rUDhicusta samAjanA kavacane bhedyu hatu ane 19 mI sadImAM saurASTrane samAjane parivartananI navI dizA tarapha te dorI gayuM hatuM. pAdaTIpa 1. desAI, nIrA a. gujarAtamAM ogaNIsamI sadImAM sAmAjika parivartana, amadAvAda, 1983, praratAvanA, pR. 4 2. amarelI DisTrIkaTa gejheTiyara (aMgrejImAM), amadAvAda, 1972, pR. 68 3. bhAvanagara DisTrIkaTa gejheTayara (aMgrejImAM), amadAvAda, 1969, pR. 72 Deka, hatA, arabana-sarala InTIgrezana Ina rIjIonala DevalapamenTa-e kesa sTaDI opha saurASTra (aMgrejImAM), zikAgo, 1976, pR. 2 5. bhAlajI maNilAla ela., svAmI sahajAnaMda (aMgrejImAM), amadAvAda, 1960, pR. 32 6. mazarUvAlA, kizoralAla, svAmI sahajAna, amadAvAda, 1940, pR. 57-58, 60-62 rAvala, Ara. ela., sosiyala enavAInsa enDa riphorma muvamenTa ina nAITInya semyuri gujarAta-dhI kesa aupha durgArAma mahetA esiDisa vAyuma opha InDiyana hisTrI koMgresa volyuma-1, dilhI, 1986, pR. 596 8. jozIpurA, jayasukharAma pu, maNizaMkara kikANu, vaDodarA, 1920, pR. 41 9. ejana, pR. 18 thI 22 10. ejana, pR. 51 11. ejana, pR. 36 12. zAstrI ha. gaM. ane parIkha pra. ci., gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, graMtha 8, amadAvAda 1984, pR. 478 13. ejana, pR. 478 14. jAnI, esa. vI., ogaNIsamI sadImAM gujarAtamAM sAmAjika parivartanamAM svaicchika maMDaLenuM pradAna, "samIpya" amadAvAda, eprila, 90-mArca, 19 91 no aMka, pR. 153 15. jAnI esa. vI. InspekaTa opha dhI pAliTikala eja Ana sesAyaTI eNnDa IkonomI opha saurASTra (1820-1947) (aMgrejImAM), jarnala oNpha erienTala insTiTayUTa, vaDodarA, mAca--jana, 1989 ne aka, pR. 324 16. ejana, pR. 324 17. ejana, pR. 325 18. jozIpurA, ja, pu., pUrvokta pustaka, pR. 66 19. paMDayA, navalarAma navala, graMthAvalI, bhAga-2, amadAvAda, 1915, pR. 47 2. jozIpurA, ja. pu., pUrvokta pustaka, pR. 68 ogaNIsamI sadImAM saurASTramAM sAmAjika sudhArAnuM AMdolana] T165 For Private and Personal Use Only

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bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna bhUpendra aMbAlAla paTelax uttara bhAratamAM thayela I. sa. 1857nA baLavAnA pratyAdhAtAthI gujarAta aLaguM rahyuM na hatuM. A viplava vAstavamAM lazkarI vyUharacanAneA na hateA, paraMtu musalamAna, marAThA, Araba ane raja pUrtAnA uttara bhAratamAMthI gujarAtamAM thayelA Agamane ahInA bhIla, koLI vagerene baDa karavA preryAM, gujarAtamAM uttara gujarAta (mahesANA, sAbarakAMThA ane banAsakAMThA jillA sahita) svAta`zya sauMgrAmamAM alipta rahyuM nathI. A upadrava zarU thayA tyAre gujarAtane vepArI samAja bheAMyarAmAM jarajavAhara chupAvatA hatA, tenI rakhevALI mATe cekIdvArA rAkhatA hatA. teA te ja veLAe uttara gujarAtanA pANIdAra ThAkaraDA, paMcamahAlanA maraNiyA bhIla, cAtaranA khamIravaMtA pATIdAra ane pahADI jagalanA kheDUte khetarA ne pAdarA, karADA ne kAtarA, jagalA ne gADIe, nAnA kATa-killA ne khANeAmAM, peAtAnI gerIlA' yuddha-paddhatinA prayAge karatA hatA. have uttara gujarAtanA A traNe jillAonI prajAe svAtaMtrya sagrAmamAM Apela pradAna vize eka pachI eka joIe. svAtaMtrya sa`grAmamAM mahesANA jillAnuM pradAna : Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir A jillAnI svAtaMtrya caLavaLa aMgenI vigatAmAM-1857 mAM thayelI a MdhAdhUMdhI, tAra gA TekarImAM kALInA baLavA, gAyakavADa pradezamAM ni:zastrIkaraNa, aMgabhaMganA pratyAdhAta vaDedarA rAjya prAma'DaLanI sthApanA, 1916, raoNleTa baeNMkaTa ane satyAgraha, 1919, 1930 nA satyAgraha ane 1942nI hiMdu cheoDo caLavaLa ane tenA pariNAmeAnA-samAveza thAya che, je nIce mujaba che. X 1857nI adhAdhUMdhI : 1857nA baLavAnI sIdhI asara mahesANA jillA para thaI hatI. vijApura, vaDanagara ane kherAlumAM kALIenA baLavAneA mAtra eka banAva banyA hatA, jenu mukhya kAraNu-aMgreja ane gAyakavADanA sainyae cAMDapa gAmane vinAza karela te hatuM. gAyakavADe thANA para mUkela 10 dhoDesvAreAne lIdhe vijApura, vaDanagara ane kherAlunA kALIe krodhita thayA. 20 mI oNkaTAbara, 1857nA rAja vaDodarA resiDenTa zaeNksapiyare bhArata sarakAranA sekreTarI eDamsanane jaNAvyuM ke gAyakavADa zAsana heThaLanA uparanA traNa gAmAe kALIeA sazastra bhegA thayA che. mahIkAMThAnA poliTikala ejanTa mejara vhAITaloke pazu 21 oNkaTAbhara, 1857 nA rAja mubaI sarakAranA sekreTarI enDarasanane jaNAvyuM ke, vijApura jillAnA kALI ane bhIlAe gAyakavADa ane varasAvA ThAkAranA leAdarA gAme humalA karela jemAM ekanu mRtyu thayeluM ane cha jaNA ghavAyelA.2 chatAM bIje divase temaNe 2,000 pAyadaLa ane 50 azvadaLa sahita puna: leAdarA para humale karyAM. varasAvAnA ThAkore tAtkAlika 400 sazastra sainikane mejara enDrujhanI AgevAnI heThaLa sarakArI lazkaranI madde leAdarA mokalyA. ethI vizeSa te gujarAta Akasmika LamAMthI 80 sainikone risAladAra mAra maha'madaalInI rAhabarI heThaLa leArA meAkalyA, pariNAme majabUta lAkarI baLa sAme baLave Takayo nahi * gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA 17 mAM adhivezana, amadAvAda mukAme mahAgujarAta' sAptAhika raupyacaMdraka vijetA nim dha 205, gAkula seAsAyaTI, vaTavA re|Da, amadAvAda 166 ] [sAmIpya : kaTobara, '93-mArca', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane baLavAkhore vikherAI gayA.3 leAkAnI baLavAkhAra vRttine dAkhIdevA mejara vhAITalAke yurApiyana adhikArIonI AgevAnI heThaLa sthAnika pAyadaLanI eka lazkarI TukaDI, gAla dAjo ane se dhoDesvArI atre satvare mUkavA sUcavyu.4 Ama 1857nA baLavAnA mahesANA jillAmAM sIdhA ane gabhIra pratyAdhAtA paDelA. tAraMgA hIlamAM kALInA baLavA : (tA. 19-9-1857 thI tA. 29-11-1857) tAraMgA hIlamAM kALIenA baLavA traNa vANiyAnI uzkeraNIthI thayelA jemAM magana bhUkhaNu, dvArakAdAsa ane jeThA. mAdhavachatA samAveza thatA hatA. magana bhUkhaN pATaNanA hatA, dvArakAdAsa zarApha ane vijApuranA vatanI mAdhavajI kariyANAnA vepAra karatA hatA. A traNene vijApuranA kamAvIsadAra umeda haThIsIMga tathA amadAvAdanA keTalAka vANiyAnI madada maLatI hatI.5 1857mAM A traNe jaNA kAvataruM ghaDI amadAvAda gayA, pachI kherAlu tAlukAnA tAraMgA hIla gheADA kharIdavA ane mANusA ekaThA karavA gayA. tAraMgA hIlanA kALI a Mgrejo sAme thayA. A vANiyAoe 2,000 mAsA ane 150 gheADA ekatra karI kherAlu tAlukAnA sipAra ane sAraNA gAma vacce chAvaNI nAMkhI, vijApuranI kUca daramyAna temaNe leAkAnI mAlamilakate lUTI tathA UbhA pAka vADhI lIdhA. vijApura paragaNAmAM maMDAlI (kherAlu) ane kharADa (vijApura) gAma vacce temaNe chAvaNI nAMkhI. tyAMthI teo pIlavAI (vijApura) ane kADhDhADI (vipura) gAmeA tarapha gayA. keLAe pIlavAI khAtenI vANiyA AgevAnAnI madadanI khAtarIte avagaNI leAdarA tarapha AgaLa vadhyA. rastAmAM gAyakavADanA e sainikAne lUTyA. lAdarAvAsIo svabacAva mATe laDavA. gAyakavADanA lee temane madada karI. sthAnika humalA pachI kALIene AgaLa vadhavAnA avakAza na maLyeA. chAbaliyA (kherAlu) gAmanI kALI strIoe salAha ApI ke, 'sarakAra baLavAna che ane tamAre vANiyAnA vacana para vizvAsa rAkhavA joIe nahi.' koLIoe A salAha svIkAratA maganalAle nAsI javuM paDayuM, sameAu (vijApura tAlukA)nA thANedAre maganalAla ane tenA sAthIonI dharapakaDa karI, japtI karI ane kesa calAvI maganalAla sahita keTalAka sAthIone motanI sajA pharamAvAI. gAyakavADa pradezamAM ni:zastrIkaraNa (tA. 29-4-1858 thI tA. 21-5-1859) : bhArata sarakAre pharamAvela ni:zastrIkaraNanI jANa thatAM vaDodarA sarakAre tenA zAsana pradezamAM ni:zastrIkaraNa aMgenA pagalAM bharavA zarU karyAM. ni:zastrIkaraNanA amala mATe paryApta jillA vahIvaTI tatranA abhAve baLavAkheAra gAmaDAMe mATe sarakArane khAsa lazkara meAkalavu' paDayuM. devarAsana, me (mahesANA tAlukA) ane vasaI (vijApura tAlukA) gAme lazkarI sainikA gAThavavA paDayA.ja vijApura tAlukAnI prajAnA virodha hAvA chatAM gADi polisanI madadathI vaDodarAnA kAmadAra bhIvarAva rAmacaMdra ci'cadhArakarane niHzastrIkaraNanuM kAma soMpavAmAM AvyuM. AthI bhavarAva sAdarAnA ejanTane maLyA. pachI AneADiyA, sIgapura, ane dhAru gAmanA leAkeAne vijApura khelAvI hathiyAra sAMpavA bAbate lakhANu mAMgyuM. kaDIthI paccIsa gArDi` peolisane madade meAkalavA vinaMtI karI. Akhare temaNe kaDI prAMtanA 245 gAmaDAMne ni:zastra karyAM .10 AsisTaMTa paeNliTikala enjanTAnI madadathI dareka adhikArIe vinnapura, vaDanagara, vIsanagara ane kherAlu gAmamAMthI hathiyAra japta karyAM. A bAbate grAmavAsIoe dalIla karI ke hathiyAra vinA bhAratanA svAtanya sagrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna] [ 167 For Private and Personal Use Only

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svabacAva kevI rIte karI zake? tathA AjubAjunA gAmonA humalAone kevI rIte mArI haThAve ? grAmavAsIoe najIkanA keLIonA zastro paNa japta karavA jaNAvyuM.' pAMca rajapUta gAmonAM khAsa karIne unAu (kalela), kaDI ane bhIloDiyAnA rajapUte te bALapaNathI ja hathiyAranI TevavALA hatA. tethI temaNe hathiyAra japtI sAme potAnA rUDhigata adhikAranuM tathA paDozI gAmonA humalA a genuM bahAnuM kADhayuM. naMdAsana (kaDI)nA rahevAsIone mahetA, desAI ane IzvarabhAI jevA vaDodarAnA kAmadAroe samajAvyA tathA hathiyAra sAMpavA aMge dhamakI paNa ApI. grAmavAsIo nahi mAnatA darabAre lephaTananTa liniTanI AgevAnI heThaLa radhunAtha ane anya kAmadArane moTA lazkara sahita mokalyA. A baMnee paTela ane kArakunanI madadathI cAra tAlukAmAM ni:zastrIkaraNanuM kAma AgaLa dhapAvyuM. pacAsa kI savAre ane te pagADI lallubhAI ane vaDodarA kAmadAranI madade kaDIthI kherAlu mokalavAmAM AvI.12 AneDiyA ane ADa(vijApura)nA grAmavAsIoe paNa hathiyAra soMpavAnI nA pADatA sattAvALAe sakhata pagalAM lIdhA. A be gAmanA jhaghaDA vize bhIkhubhAnA saMdezAvAhakoe sAcI hakIkata jaNAvI. jamInadAranA dabANane vaza thaI AnoDiyAvAsI A bAbate mauna rahyAM. bIjI me, 1858 nA roja sthAnika sattAe temanI sAme kuca karavAnI dhamakI ApI. bIje divase A grAmavAsIo gharanI bahAra AvI khaDakImAM bhegA thayA ane bahAranI cokIo paranA sainikone maLatA pANI puravaTho baMdha karyo ane sthaLa choDI javA hukama karyo. samayasaranA vadhArAnA lazkarI Aga manathI paristhiti thALe paDI. AthI vaDedarA sarakAre grAmavAsIo sAme sakhata pagalAM lIdhA. bhIvarAva rAmacaMde lokone kuTuMba tathA DhoraDhAMkhara sahita niyata jagyAe javA dabANa karyuM ane bhIla sainikone temanI sAme laDavA mokalyA. Ane grAmavAsIoe vIratAthI sAmano karyo. pariNAme grAmavAsIone namAvavA AneDiyA gAmane AgamAM bhasmIbhUta karavAno nirNaya levAye.13 anya rAjayonA keTalAka baLavAkhoroe sAdhunA veze rahI bAkInuM jIvana ji9lAnA keIka sthaLe rahI vItAvyuM. AvI vyaktiomAM boriyAsvAmI (bAjola) tarIke pracalita evA zrI sadAziva sarasvatI ane pATaNanA svAmI rAmagIrano samAveza thAya che. A baMnee 1857nA baLavAmAM bhAga lIdho.14 baMgabhaMganA paDaghA : rAjakIya jAgRtino bIjo agatyano banAva I. sa. 1906 nA baMgamaMgathI udbhavela tephAnI caLavaLane hate. A jillAmAM paNa gujarAtanA anya bhAgonI jema AnI asara thayelI. pATaNanI AgevAnI heThaLa svadezI mAlane urojana maLyuM ane videzI mAlano bahiSkAra thayo.15 vaDodarA rAjya prajAmaMDaLa (1926) : vaDodarAnA hIjha hAInesa mahArAjanA Azraye 1916 mAM nIcenA hetusara prajAmaMDaLanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. (1) vividha varganA lokone ekabIjAnA saMparkamAM lAvI loko mAM ekatA ane sahakAranI bhAvanA jagADavI. (2) lokeAnI agavaDa ane aDacaNenuM nirAkaraNa karavuM. (3) hIjha hAInesa mahArAja sAhebanA Azraye javAbadAra dhArAsabhA cavI. 168 ] siAmIpya : okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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1949 mAM rAjayanuM vilinIkaraNa thatAM vaDodarAM rAjyanA lokonA manamAMthI sAmAjika ane rAjakIya bAbate aMgenA matabhedo dUra thayA. mahArAjAnI chatrachAyA heThaLa javAbadAra sarakAra racavAne hetu bara Avyo. prajAmaMDaLe paNa rAjya ane tenA adhikArIo sAthe sAmaMjasya sAdhI kAma karyuM. Do. sumaMta mahetA, zrI amAsa taiyabajI, darabAra gopALadAsa ane saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela dvArA A prajAmaMDaLane preraNA ane mArgadarzana maLyA 16 - tA. 20-10-1931 nA roja prajAmaMDaLe tenI pahelI zAkhA zerathA Azrama, zerathA (kalela' tAlukA) mukAme zarU karI. tyAra pachI cANasmA, mahesANA, tala, siddhapura, UMjhA, kaDI ane pATaNa mukAme prajAmaMDaLanI zAkhAo karavAmAM AvelI.17 jillAnA vakIle paNa prajAmaMDaLa ane svAtaMtrya saMgrAma sAthe sakriya rahyA hatA. 1918 pahelAM paNa teo eka yA bIjI rIte prajA maMDaLa ane koMgresa sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA. khAdIne protsAhana ApavAnI sAthe sAthe teo jJAtio ke dA2nI dukAnanA virodhamAM sakriya bhAga letA. 8 prajAmaMDaLanI pahelI sabhA rAva bahAdura haragovinadAsa DI. kAMTAvALAnA pramUkhapade navasArI khAte rAkhavAmAM AvelI, mahesANuM jillAmAM 1924 mAM pATaNa khAte thI sabhA zrI ema. eca. kAMTAvALAnAM pramukhapade, 1931 mAM kaDI khAte navamI samA zrI sI. jheDa. sutariyAnA pramukhapade,. 1937 mAM vIsanagara khAte caudamI sabhA zrI prANalAla munazInA pramukhapade ane 1940 mAM mahesANA khAte soLamI sabhA zrI vallabhabhAI paTelanA pramukhapade bharavAmAM AvelI. 1935 mAM rAjya prajAmaMDaLanI kAryavAhaka samitinI sabhA kola khAte rAkhavAmAM AvelI. A dareka sabhAmAM prajAhitanA nirNaya karavAmAM AvelA tathA maMDaLanI sabhAmAM pratinidhioe khAdInA kapaDAM paherI hAjarI ApavAno nirNaya paNa karavAmAM Avele.18 1946 mAM vaDodarA rAjyamAM vidhAnasabhAnI cUMTaNIo thaI. rAjya prajAmaMDaLe tenA pratinidhio samagra rAjyamAM UbhA rAkhyA. tenA eka be sabhyone bAda karatA badhA ja sabhyo cUMTAI AvyA. vaDodarA sarakAre dezanA tatkAlIna rAjakIya vAtAvaraNa ane cUMTaNInAM pariNAmone dhyAnamAM laI javAbadAra sarakAranI yojanA jAhera karI. mukhya pradhAna De. jIvarAja mahetAnA nejA heThaLanA prajAmaMDaLamAM zrI rAmacaMdra jamanAdAsa amInane (gojhAriyA, tA. vijApura) pradhAna banAvAyA, ane zrI maphatalAla motIlAla paTela (kATalI, tA. siddhapura) ne saMsadamaMtrI banAvAyA. temaNe vaDAdarA rAjayanuM muMbaI sAthe vilinIkaraNa thatAM sudhI pharaja adA karI. vaDodarA rAjya vidhAnasabhAe mahArAjAne gAdIethI haThAvavAno atihAsika TharAva karyo. tyArabAda bhArata sarakAre vaDodarA rAjyanuM muMbaI rAjyamAM vilinIkaraNa karyuM. Ama vaDodarA rAjya prajAmaMDaLe nizcita beyanI prApti karI.20 vaDedarA rAjya prajAmaMDaLanI sthApanA bAda jillAne asara karanAra mahattvane banAva roleTa ekaTa ane gAMdhIjIne satyAgraha hatAM. roleTa ekaTa ane satyAgraha : 1917nA aMtamAM bhArata sarakAre mi. jasTIsa roleTanA pramukhapaNa heThaLa eka kamiTi nImI, jene mi. jasTIsa kumAra svAmI zAstrI (madrAsa hAIkeTa) ane sara pravezacaMdra miTara (kalakattA hAIkorTanA agragaNya vakIla) jevA be bhAratIya nyAyazAstrIo sabhya hatA. A kamiTie bhAratamAM thayela krAMtikArI caLavaLa sAthe saMkaLAyelI gunAhita pravRttionA svA5 ane vistAra aMgenI tapAsa karI ahevAla taiyAra karavAno hato.21 kamiTie 15 eprila, 1918nA bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna ] [19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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roja bhArata sarakArane ahevAla suparata karyo. temAM karela bhalAmaNanA AdhAre be kharaDAo ke jene leTa eNkaTa" kahevAmAM Avyo, te bhAratIya nyAyataMtramAM ja karavAmAM AvyA. A khara sAmAnya gunAhita kAyadAmAM keTalAka kAyamI pheraphAra ANavAno hato. te bhAratIya netAoe teno virodha karyo ke AnI maeNTaphaDa sudhArA pravRtti para dveSayukta asara thaze. je A kharaDe pasAra karavAmAM Avaze te mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe jAhera karyuM ke teo satyAgraha karaze athavA asahakAranI caLavaLa zarU karaze. A kharaDe pasAra thatAM gAMdhIjIe sAbaramatI AzramamAM 6 eprila, 1919 nA roja satyAgraha zarU karyo, jenA paDaghA mahesANe jillAmAM paDayA. A caLavaLanA jussAmAM kalelanA mahAzaMkara narasiMharAma paMDyAe miliTarI jamAdAra ImAmakhAnane mArI nAMkhe. sara cunIlAla zetalavADanA sabhyapada heThaLanI khAsa adAlatamAM kesa cAlyo. bhAratIya daMDasaMhitAnI kalama 121, 302 ane 436 heThaLa 23 jUna, 1919 nA roja zrI paMDayAne khUnanA gunA badala sajA pharamAvAI. temane sAbaramatI senTrala jelamAM AjIvana kedanI sajA thaI ane temanI saMpatti japta karavAmAM AvI.22 1920mAM temane thANunI senTrala jelamAM pachI alAhAbAda, kalakattA ane aMte AMdAmAnanI paoNTa pleIranI jelamAM rAkhavAmAM AvyA. jelamAM paNa mAthAbhAre kedI gaNavAthI temane bhayaMkara yAtanAo veThavI paDI. AnA virodhamAM temaNe upavAsa zarU karyA. thoDA samaya bAda temane ane vIra sAvarakarane madrAsa lAvavAmAM AvyA ane tyAMthI pUnAnI yaravaDA jelamAM khaseDavAmAM AvyA. parI kedanI sajA bhogavyA bAda 14 jAnyuArI, 1937 nA roja jelamAMthI chUTI te pitAnA vatana kalela pAchA pharyA. gujarAta sarakAre temanuM mAsika rUA. 20 nuM rAjakIya penzana TharAvyuM ane dhIre dhIre rUA. 50 sudhInuM thayuM'.23 1930nA satyAgraha : gAMdhIjIe phebruArI, 1930 mAM saMpUrNa AjhAdI meLavavA asahakAranI caLavaLa zarU karI, eprila, 1930 mAM bhAratabharamAM mIThAno satyAgraha ane videzI mAlanI hoLI karavAnA kAryakramo zarU thayo. A jillAmAM paNa jorazorathI AvI pravRttio zarU thayelI. jillAnA prajAmaMDaLe akhila bhAratIya koMgrese ApelA kAryakramane sabaLa Teko Apyo. jilAnI strIo paNa moTI saMkhyAmAM koMgresanA elAnane mAna ApI A kAryakramamAM joDAI ane temanI dharapakaDa paNa thaI pATaNanI keTalIka strIo amadAvAdanA sAbaramatI AzramamAM prauDhazikSaNanA calAvatI hatI. A arasAmAM prajamaMDaLe dArunI dukAne paranA pikeTiMga, videzI mAlano bahiSkAra ke mIThAnA satyAgraha jevA kAryakramone pUrata Teke Apela. A kAryakramamAMthI jillAnA lokomAM rAjakIya jAgRtino juvALa va.24 zrI taLajAbhAI kezarabhAI desAIe prajAmaMDaLanI AgevAnI lIdhI, prajAmaMDaLanA nejA heThaLa gAyakavADa vira ji9lAmAM Thera Thera sabhAo, prabhAtapherI ke bhASAnA kAryakrama thayA.25 jilAe karI 142 mAM gAMdhIjInA Adezane mAna ApI 'hiMda choDo' caLavaLane sakriya Teko Apyo, jenI vigata nIce jaNAvI che. hiMda choDo' caLavaLa (1942) : 8 oNgasTa, 1942 nA roja akhila bhAratIya koMgresa samitie muMbaI khAte hiMda choDo'no TharAva karyo. svAtaMtrya saMgrAmane A eka mahattvano bhAga hatoA nirNayamAM AjhAdInI dezavyApI lAgaNIne paDa hatA. bhArata eka mukta ane svataMtra rAi tarIke yuddhakSetre bhautika ke naitika madada karavAnI zaktimAna che. A caLavaLamAM paNa apavAdarUpa nahi evA mahesANA jillAne moTo bhAga, samI mahAla sivAya kherAlu mahAlane ghaDavADA vistAra, 170] [sAmIpya : oNkaTobara, 3-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vijApura mahAlane mANasA rAjyano vistAra ane mahesANu mahAlane kaTosaNa-joTANu vaDodarA rAjyanA bhAga hatA.24 'hiMda choDo' caLavaLano TharAva pasAra thatAM rAjaya prajamaMDaLanI vaDodarA khAte eka kAryavAhaka samitinI miTiga bharAI. A miTiMgamAM hiMda choDo' caLavaLanA TharAvane Teko jAhera karavAmAM Avyo ane lokone temAM sakriya bhAga levA jazuAvAyuM. saraghasa kADhavAnuM nakkI thayuM ane lokone rAjakIya pravRtti ane pragatithI vAkepha karAyA.27 leka jussAnI koI sImA na rahetAM mahesANA prAMtanA judA judA bhAgomAM sabhA saraghasa ane bhASaNone dora zarU thayo. vIsanagaramAM lo ke sabhA mokUphInA paDakArane jhIlavA bajAramAM ekaThA thaze, tyAre polise goLIbAra karyo. jemAM eka yuvAna kAryakara goviMdarAva utArakara marA.28 zrI saMkaLacaMda rAIdAsa paTela ane anya rAjakIya kAryakarone vIsanagara khAte polisa kasTaDImAM keda karavAmAM AvyA. lokenuM eka moTuM ToLuM polisa cekIe gayuM. vAtAvaraNa taMga banatA zrI sAMkaLacaMda paTele lekene vikherAI jaI caLavaLane zAMtithI calAvavA vinaMtI karI. pAchaLathI temane mahesANA jela khAte keda karavAmAM AvyA. 28 punaH kAryakramanI jAherAta thatAM sarvazrI puraSottamadAsa paTela, vijayakumAra trivedI, somanAtha yAnika ane anyane keda karI jelamAM mokalAvAyA. kalola khAte zrI choTAbhAI puraSottamadAsa paTelanA pramukhapade AjhAda cokamAM eka sabhA bharavAmAM AvI, jyAM sarvazrI puraSottamadAsa lalubhAI, naTavaralAla paMDita ane anyanI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI.30 kalolamAM loka lAThIcArjane bhoga banatA lokalAgaNI uzkerAI. A veLAe kalola pAsenA saIja gAme janmASTamIo meLo bharAye. jemAM hajAronI saMkhyAmAM lokoe bhAga lIdhe. lokamAnasamAM bhayanuM vAtAvaraNa pedA karavA paccIsa polisa sAthe DepyuTI suparinTenDenTa opha polisa meLAmAM gayA. ahIM pilisa-virodhamAM pratApajI ThAkaraDA marA. AthI mAmale bicakatA polise corAmAM Azraya lIdho. paNa lokoe te kerosIna chAMTI carAne saLagAvyo. polise coranI pAchalI bAjuethI bArI teDI bhAgavAno prayatna karyo. tema chatAM polise lokalAgaNI ane gussAno bhoga banavuM paDyuM. 31 ane eka kejadAra sahita cAra-pAMca polise marAyA. eka phojadAra to rAtabhara jhADa para rahyo. anya pilisa AvatA te gAmamAM Avyo. A veLAe rASTrIya pravRttionuM kendra sthAna kaDInuM sarva vidyAlaya hatuM. relave nALAnI bhAMgaphADa thatAM vidyAlayanA keTalAka zikSakone paNa keda karavAmAM AvyA. 32 saIjanA banAva bAda ethI aphavA phelAI ke Tena bharIne lakara gAmane nAza karavA mokalavAmAM AvI rahyuM che tyAre vaDAva svAmI, Isada ane pAnasaranA lokoe relave lAInanA pATA ukheDI nAMkhI relave vyavahAra khoravI nAMkhe. pariNAme eka mAlavAhaka gADIne moTo akasmAta thayo. pelisathI bacavA zrI maganabhAI paTela ane vaDAvasvAmI gAmanA anya keTalAka bhUgarbhamAM jatA rahyA. keTalAka navayuvakoe bhUgarbha pravRtti cAlu rAkhI, jyAre anya keTalAka chupA veze gujarAta bahAra jatA rahyA.03 vadarA rAjyamAM sabhA-saraghasa modI hovA chatAM sabhA-saradhasanA kAryakramo thatA rahyA, ethI vizeSa te amadAvAda ane vaDodarAthI mokalAvela mudrita patrikAo sabhAomAM khule Ama vAMcavAmAM AvatI.34 bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna] [171 For Private and Personal Use Only

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briTiza inDiyAmAM jema caLavaLane vega vadhato gayo tema tenI asare mahesANA prAMtamAM vartAI. 194ramAM amadAvAdanA kApaDa mila kAmadAre haDatALa para jatAM siddhapuranA kApaDa-kAmadAroe paNa haDatALa pADI.35 prajAmaMDaLa ane svAtaMtrya caLavaLanI pravRttio sivAya vaDodarA rAjyanI muslima pariSadano paNa ullekha kare ja rahyo. A pariSada 'muslima lIga oNpha inDiyA'nI nItine anusaratI, jenI eka zAkhA mahesANA khAte hatI.36 prajAmaMDaLa sivAya sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa trIjAe paNa rAjakIya jAgRti jALavI rAkhI, prAMta paMcAyatamAM moTA bhAganA sabhyo cUMTAIne AvelA. temanA pramukhapade jillA kalekaTara hatA. baMdhAraNIya pheraphAra thatAM kula sabhyonA be tRtIyAMza sabhyo cUMTAyelA hovA joIe ane temanA dvArA ja pramukha nImAto. zrI puruSottamadAsa paTela, zrI ganIbhAI tAjamahamada ane zrI pazAbhAI bI paTele A maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke sevA bajAvelI. 1949 mAM rAjyanuM ekIkaraNa thatAM prAMta paMcAyata ji9lA lokala baeNmAM pheravAI jenA cUMTAyelA pramukha zrI sAMkULacaMda paTela hatA.37 pharajiyAta zikSaNa ane sthAnika svarAjyanI sabhAoe jillAnA lokonI rAjakIya jAgRtine pAye hacamacavA na dIdho. svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM sAbarakAMThA jillAnuM pradAna : A jillAnI svAtaMtrya saMgrAma aMgenI vigatomAM 1857 ane 1858 mAM phelAyelI aMdhAdhUMdhI baMgabhaMganA pratyAghAta, asahakAranI caLavaLa, dAMDIkucanI asara, hiMda choDo caLavaLa(1942)nI uttejanAne samAveza thAya che, jenI vigata nIce mujaba che. - 1857-1858 mAM phelAyelI aMdhAdhUdhI : mahIkAMThA ejansIne vistAra baLavAnI sIdhI asara heThaLa Avyo na hato. chatAM tenI ADa asara kAyadA ane vyavasthAnA pAlanamAM thaI hatI. A aMge cAMDapa ane mudeTAM (IDara tAlukA)nA be banAvo noMdhapAtra che. gAyakavADe 10 ghoDesvArane keLIone nAthavA cAMDapa gAme mUkelA ane mudeTInA ThAkorane IDara darabAra ane anya leNadAronuM cIrakAlIna karaja cUkavavA azaktimAna hoI phaMDa meLavavA jodhapura jatA rokavAne lIdhe ThAkore IDara darabAra ane aMgrejo sAme baMDa pokArela.38 16 mI sapTembara, 1857 nA roja cAMDapa khAte baMDa zarU thayAnI vigata 24 sapTembara, 1857 nA roja mahIkAMThAnA poliTikala ejanTa mejara hAITaloke lakhelA patramAM maLe che. 38 tyAra bAda 28 sapTembara, 1857 nA roja gAyakavADanA DhaMDherAmAM cAMDapanA gAmetI lekene dhamakI ApavAmAM AvelI.40 cAMDapanA gAmetIonA mukhya AgevAno nAthAjI ane thamALa hatA.41 chelle 25 Disembara, 1857nA roja nAthAjIe poliTikala ejanTane dhamakIbharyo patra lakhela.42 pAchaLathI cAMDapanA keTalAka kALIoe navA sthaLe vasavATa karyo ane nAthAjInA mRtyu pachI keLIonI pratikAra zakti paNa ghaTI.43 mahIkAMThA ejansImAM IDaranA zAsaka heThaLa mudeTI eka nAnI jAgIra hatI. 1858mAM A mudeTIna ThAkore IDara darabAra ane aMgrejo sAme baMDa pokAryuM. ThAkorane IDara darabAra ane anya leNadAranuM rU. 41,958 nuM cIrakAlIna karaja cUkavavAnuM hatuM. pariNAme IDara zAsake ThAkora surajamalane ApavAmAM AvatuM bhaNuM baMdha karyuM ane A bAbata mejara hAITa kane jaNAvI. mejara hAITalokanI traNa cakavaNAnI vinaMtIne mAna ApI ThAkore paisA meLavavA jodhapura pitAnA sasarAne tyAM javA rajA mAMgI ThAkorane jodhapura javA devAyA nahi. pariNAme kaMI paNa sUcanA ApyA vagara ThAkora nAsI gayA. 172] [ sAmIpya : okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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AthI Ihi darabAra mImAM polisathANa rAkhe jene kore joradAra virodha 1.45 bahAITaloka ThAkorane samajAvavAno prayAsa karyo 46 22 me, 1858 nA roja ThAkora surajamala vATAghATa athe mudeTI pAchA AvyA. paraMtu temanI vATAdhATa niSphaLa jatAM punaH TekarIomAM nAsI gayA ane sarakAra sAme laDavA taiyAra thayA 47 9 ogasTa, 1858nA roja mejara hAITaoNkanI sUcanA heThaLa kaeNpTana bleka mudeTI para humalo karyo.48 humale niSphaLa jatA zekasapiyaranI sUcanAthI kaeNpTane bleka ane kaeNpTana hIkoke husenapAnanI lazkarI TukaDI sAthe 22 ogasTa, 1858 nA roja mudeTI para humalo karyo. mudeTInA makarANIo hAryA AthI ThAkore TekarImAM rahI mudeTI pAchuM meLavavA prayatno karyA. 7 sapTembara, 1858 nA rAja ThAkora para sarakAre sainikoe cetaraphathI humalo karyo tyAre surajamala ane tenA sAthIo TekarIonA UMDANamAM jatA rahyA.50 ahI' surajamala pitAne sAthI sahita baLavAkhora sadu kesa sAthe joDAyo. mejara vhAITaoNka niSphaLa jatAM sarakAre surajamalane aMkuzamAM rAkhavA 22 navemba', 1858 nA reja kaMpTa rAIphane mahIkAMThAnA paoNliTikala ejanTa tarIke nImyA, kaeNpTana rAIphanA prayatna ane mudeTInA ThAkoranI Arthika temaja lazakarI nabaLAIne lIdhe ThAkore IDara darabAranI zaraNAgati svIkArI.' A mudeTIne baLa lagabhaga eka varSamAM zamyo.51 baMgabhaMganA pratyAghAta ane asahakAranI caLavaLa A jillAmAM baMgabhaMganA sIdhA pratyAghAta paDayA na hatA. tema chatAM jillAnA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanuM kendra moDAsA hatuM. ahIMnA keTalAka AgevAnoe svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. jillAnA zrI mathuradAsa lAlajIbhAI gAMdhInA prayatnothI lokajAgRti arthe prajAmaMDaLanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. 1905nI svadezI caLavaLa ane bagabhaga caLavaLathI prerAI ahIMnA sarvazrI mathuradAsa gAMdhI, joItArAma bhaTTa, mohanalAla vI gAMdhI ane caMdulAla esa. buTAlAe rASTrIya hAkalane mAna ApIne sarakAra viruddha saMkhyAbaMdha bhASaNo karyA tathA lokone videzI mAlano bahiSkAra karavA jaNAvyuM.52 moDAsAmAM pahelu rAjakIya bhASaNa valabhadAsa bApujI desAInA pramukhapade thayu.53 1920 mAM zarU karAyela gAMdhIjInI asahakAranI caLavaLanA TekAmAM zrI mathuradAse sthAnika vepArIone videzI mAla nahi vecavA jaNAvyuM. 1922-23 daramiyAna temaNe 2TiyA pravRttine vega Apyo ane 240 reMTiyA te kevaLa moDAsA khAte ja vaparAyA. 53 tilaka svarAjya phaMDa mATe phALe ugharAvAyo. A veLAe tAlukA koMgresa samiti paNa sakriya banI. moDAsA hAIskUlane rASTrIya zALA banAvatA sarakAre Arthika sahAya baMdha karI. 'kumAra maMdira' zarU karavAmAM AvyuM. lagabhaga 40 jeTalA mANasoe mejisTreTa tarIke sevA AgavA tatparatA dAkhavI.pa4 jillAnA yuvAnoe 26 jAnyuArI, 1930 no dina saMpUrNa svAtaMtrya dina tarIke ujave. A divase temaNe AjhAdI aMgenAM bhASaNe ApyAM, dhvaja pharakAvyo tathA AjhAdI hAMsala karavAnA zapatha grahaNa karyA.55 12 mArca, 1930 nA roja mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe zarU karela dAMDI kUcamAM jillAnA keTalAka yuvAne abhyAsa choDIne joDAyA. keTalAke patrikAo chapAvI ane satyAgrahanA TekAmAM jAhera bhASaNe karyA. zrI bhogIlAla svayaMsevakenuM jutha mIThAne kAyadAno bhaMga karavA lasuMdrA laI gayA. AmAMthI sAmUhika caLavaLa zarU thaI ane jillAnA yuvAnoe jakAta vagara mIThuM vecyuM. jAhera bhASaNa karyA tathA ji9lAmAM TheraThera "svarAja mIThuM' vecavAmAM AvyuM. bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna] [173 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsur Gyanmandir moDAsA, dhanasarA ane anya gAmomAM samAcAra patrikAo dIvAla para caTADavAmAM AvI. me, 1930 mAM amadAvAda prohibizana sosAyaTInA upakrame moDAsA, dhanasurA ane DemAI mukAme dAranI dukAna para pikeTiMga karAyu, mahAjane videzI mAlano bahiSkAra karyo. hajAro strI-puruSoe svadezI mAla vAparavA ane videzI mAlano bahiSkAra karavAnA zapatha lIdhA. A mATe zrI mathuradAsa gAMdhI jillAmAM TheraThera pharyA', bhASaNe karyA ane lokomAM jAgRti ane dezabhaktinI bhAvanA keLavI. ji9lAnA mubaI bhaNatA keTalAka yuvAno abhyAsa choDI moDAsA AvyA. moDAsA sudharAIe paNa tenA karmacArIone svadezI mAla vAparavA Agraha karyo.pa7 oNgasTa, 1930 mAM meDAsA khAte "rASTrIya saptAha ujavavAmAM AvyuM. yuvAna varga juthamAM vaheMcAI ane AjubAjunA gAmomAM pharI dharmayuddha' patrikAo' lokomAM vaheMcI.58 "raNunAda' ane "svarAjagIta' jevI pustikAo japta karavAmAM AvI ane presa pAse ekanI 500 rUpiyA lekhe bAMhedharI levAmAM Avo. caLavaLa cheka nAnA gAma sudhI pahoMcI. dhAbarolanA zrI maganabhAI paTela, sakAriyAnA zrI DAhyAlAla ane anya kAmadAronI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI.pa8 AthI sarvazrI caMdulAla esa. buTAlA, ramaNalAla maganalAla zAha, puraSottama zAha ane ramaNalAla gAMdhIe sarakAra viruddha bhASaNe kyAM ane dharapakaDa vahorI.40 ja A caLavaLane rasaprada vaLAMka maLyo. 1931nI vasati gaNatarIne zahera ane grAma vistAramAM bahiSkAra karavAmAM Avyo. sarakArI karmacArIoe paNa sahakAra Apyo nahi. moDAsAnA zrI ramaNalAla sAnIgujarAta vidyApIThanA zrI narahari bhaTTa ane zrI chabiladAsa zAha ji9lAnA gAmegAma pharyA ane lokone videzI mAlano bahiSkAra karavA Agraha karyo. zrI jamanAdAsa desAI, gopAladAsa surA, pAnAcaMda dozI ane occhavalAla dozIe gAbaTa, ubharANa, saraselI, DemAI bAyaDa, IlA, sAThaMbA vagere sthaLAe karI vikezI mAlanI kharIdI ke vecANa baMdha karAvyuM. A sivAya mAlapura, vaDAgAma, besavaDA sAtharA, bAkarola, pAMDaravADA, aMbAliyA, vIrapura, vagere gAmae paNa sahakAra Apyo.61 zrI gopAladAsa surAnI 24 jAnyuArI, 1931nA roja dharapakaDa thaI moDAsAnA zrImatI maNibena dezIe paNa eka moTa saraghasa kADhela, jakAta vagara mITha' vecela temaja strIomAM rAjakIya jAgRti peka karI.2 4 jAnyuArI, 1932nA roja thayela mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ane saradAra vallabhabhAI paTelanI dharapakaDa ane kArAvAsathI uzkerAyelA ji9lAnA kAmadAronI paNa dharapakaDa thaI. 1933mAM sAmAjika pravRttio mATe moDAsA pradeza sevAsaMdha' sthapAyuM. 63 hiMda choDo caLavaLa (1942) : oNgasTa 1942nI 'hiMda choDo caLavaLa'nI asarathI paNa A jillo vaMcita rahyo nathI. moDAsAnA zrI ramaNalAla ema. gAMdhI, zrI navaralAla gAMdhI ane zrI mathuradAsa gAMdhI, dhanasurAnA zrI mohanalAla dAsabhAI ane punamacaMda paMDayAe caLavaLamAM bhAga laI dharapakaDa vahorI. 64 moDAsA hAIskUlanA vidyAthIo traNa mahinAnI lAMbI haDatALa para gayA. aThavADiyAmAM be patrikAo pragaTa karatA ane khAnagImAM vaheMcatA. sabhAo bharatA ane saraghasa kADhatA. keTalAka yuvAno te bhAMgaphoDiyA pravRtti paNa karatA. TapAlapeTIo mukavAmAM nAMkhI detA ke sarakArI imArato para phaTAkaDA 174] [ sAmIpya : eNkaTobara, 93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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saLagAvIne phekatA.65 Ama samagratayA jotAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM yA jillAne phALo 5Na nAne sUne na kahevAya. svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM banAsakAMThA jillAnuM pradAna: banAsakAMThA jillAmAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAme sUcaka sthAna meLavyuM hatuM kema ke A jillo junA rAjya pAlanapura, rAdhanapura, vAva, tharAda ane anya nAnI jAgIrono banelo hato. rAjya 5Na jagIradArI paddhatinA hatA tethI rASTrIya bhAvanAne poSe tevI koI pravRtti calAvI levA zAsakA soyAra na hatA. briTiza InDiyAmAM dAMDIkUca jevA lekamatane ghaDanArA kAryakramoe ji9lAmAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI bhAvanAne poSaNa ApyuM ane te paNa khAsa karIne rAdhanapuranA vistAromAM ke jyAM 'vaMde mAtarama' jevA sUtroccAra ke gAMdhI TopInI avagaNanA thatI. A rAjyanA nAgarike ke je muMbaI amadAvAdamAM rahetA hatA temaNe rASTrIya maMDaLo sthApyAM. Ama A jilAnI svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI pravRtti para rAjyavAra atihAsika vigato kaMIka prakAza pADaze. pAlanapura rAjyamAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI pravRtti: pAlanapura rAjyamAM svAtaMtraya saMgrAmanI pravRtti "lekasagha' calAvato. tenA karmacArIo grAma vistAronA pravAse jaI lokone svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanAM kAraNe samajAvatAM. pAlanapura rAjyamAM moTo prazna hato UMcA daranA jamIna mahesUlano. ahIM kubAsaNanA kheDUtoe navAba tAle mahaMmada khAnano UMcA mahesUla dara ke AkAraNI sAme virodha noMdhAvyo. A UMcA mahesUla darano hukama InAmI gAmanA begama sAhebe karelo. AthI e aMge kheDUta satyAgrahanA pariNAme mahesUla verAmAM ghaTADo thayo. pAlanapura rAjyamAM paNa jAgIradAra prajAmaMDaLa hatuM, jenI sabhA rUpala gAme bharAyelI ane keTalAka kheDUta AgevAnoe temAM hAjarI ApelI. A maMDaLanI pravRttine lIdhe zrama ke vadhu vere nAbUda thayelo.67 rAdhanapura rAjyamAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI pravRtti : rAdhanapuramAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI caLavaLa thaI zakI nahi. AthI ahIMnA lekee ekraThA thaI keTalIka saMsthAo ane kalaba sthApI, jevI ke, "rAdhanapura vidyAthI baMdhutva" "rAdhanapura hitavardhaka kalaba vagere. A saMsthAo svAtaMtrya caLavaLane vega ApatI. rAdhanapuramAM 1937 mAM eka prajAmaMDaLanI sthApanA thaI, je kheDUta-pramomAM sahAyarUpa thatI. 1937 pachI rAjyanI pravRttie kemI vaLAMka lIdho ane muslima kheDUtane verAmAMthI mukti maLI. AthI hiMdu kheDUtoe satyAgraha karyo ane satyAgrahIone jelamAM dhakelI devAyA. gujarAta koMgresa samiti dvArA zrI naTavaralAla paMDite A aMge tapAsa karI kheDUtane jelamAMthI choDAvyA.68 gAMdhIjI ane anya netAonI dharapakaDathI 9 ogasTa, 1942 nA roja rAdhanapuramAM saMpUrNa haDatAla paDI, rASTrIya netAonI pravRttine lIdhe A jilAnAM tamAma rAjyo bhAratIya saMdhamAM 10 juna, 1948 nA roja joDAyAM ane 1948 mAM sthApavAmAM Avela prajAmaMDaLane vikherI nAMkhavAmAM AvyuM.69 tharAdamAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI pravRtti: tharAdamAM svAtaMtrya saMgrAmanI pravRtti khUba ja maryAti hatI. 1942 nI hiMda choDo caLavaLamAM bhAratanA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM uttara gujarAtanuM pradAna ] [ 175 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ahIMnA keTalAka vidyAthIoe sakriya bhAga lIdhela ane vidyAthI maMDaLanI sthApanA karelI. tharAda prajAmaMDaLa paNa sthApavAmAM Avelu' ane tenA upakrame eka moTI sabhA bharAyelI.70 Ama agAunA rAjyoe ke je Aje banAsakAMThA jillAmAM bhaLI gayA che, temaNe tyAMnI prajAne svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM sakriya bhAga levA dIdhela nahi. pariNAme A jillAmAM svAta trya saMgrAmatI vyApaka asara thayelI nahi. ema kahI zakAya ke uttara gujarAte paNa svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM yathAzakti phALo to noMdhAvyo che ja, uttara gujarAta khAte mahesANuM jillAnI prajA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM agresara rahI che sAbarakAMThAnA loko paNa rASTrIya jAgRtimAM pAchaLa rahyA nathI. banAsakAMThA jillAnI riyAsatI paraMparAmAM paNa prajAno svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM yatkiMcita phALe ulekhanIya te che ja. samagratayA uttara gujarAtanI e laDAyaka ane khamIravaMta prajA abhinaMdanane pAtra to ja. A sAthe uttara gujarAtanA e svAtaMtraya saMgrAmanA laDavaiyA zahIdonI zahAdatane smaraNAMjali apIe. pATIpa gujarAta eka paricaya', bhAvanagara, smRtigraMtha, 1961, pR. 626 2. "gujarAta Ina 1857', (1970) 8. pI. DI. vauyuma phIphaTI eNka 1857, pR. 26 3-364 4. pI. DI. vaoNlyuma phIphaTI vana oNpha 1857, pR. 203-2016 5. mahesANuM DisTrikaTa gejheTiyara' (maDige), (1975), pR. 130 6-7. maDige, pR. 171 8-12. ejana, pR. 131-132 13-14. ejana, pR. 173 15-17. ejana, pR. 134 18-19. ejana, pR. 134-135 20, ejana, pR. 176 21. "jinnAha eNnDa gAMdhI', pR. 44 22-25. maDige, pR. 136-137 26-30. maDige, pR. 138 31-35. maDige, pR. 178-139 36-37. maDige, pR. 13-140 38. "sAbarakAMThA DisTrIkaTa gejheTiyara' (sADige), (1974) pR. 141-142 39. sADige, pR. 142 40, ejana, pR. 143 41. ejana, pR, 142 42. ejana, pR. 145 43-46. ejana, pR. 146 47-50. ejana, pR. 147 51. ejana, pR. 147-148 para-pa6. ejana, pR. 161-162 5-63. ejana, pR. 162-163 64-65. ejana, pR. 164 66. banAsakAMThA DisTrIkaTa gejheTiyara,' (baDige), (6981), pR. 146 67-70. baDige, pR. 14-147 176] [ sAmIpya : okaTobara, 93-mArca, 15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gujarAtamAM saMtavANInA vikAsa * rameza eTAIna [eka jaina rAseAnA samayathI Adhunika yuga sudhIneA gujarAtanA saMtakavionI vANIne tihAsa dhRNA vizALa che. tene AvarI laI soMpUrNa` nyAya ApavA besIe te eka mATu' pustaka lakhI zakAya. AthI ahI' sa'tavANInA suvaNuyuganA mukhya kavionI, eTale ke narasiMhathI prItama sudhInA mukhya kavionI vANInuM viha MgAvaleAkana karyu che.] viSayapraveza koI paNa kavinA vAcakavarga' kevaDA heAvA maTe, ane A vAcakavagate AdhAre kavinA kavitvane keTalA pramANumAM mApI zakAya, A kAI paNa bhASAnA sAhityane sparzItA agatyanA prazno che. pazcimanI AlecanAmAM paNa AnI sArI evI carcA thaI che. Aje paNa gujarAtamAM gAmegAma ane dheradhera ApaNane narasiMha, mIrAM, premAnaMda, dayArAma vagerenAM pado ane bhajanA gavAtAM sAMbhaLavA maLe che. lAkakaMThe A pado gavAtAM, chUTAtAM jAya che te sAthe, gavAtAM gavAtAM e padA-bhajaneAmAM bhASAkIya pirvatanA thayA ja karyAM che ane janasAmAnye hRdyanA pUrA bhAvasahu anu' avirata gAna karyAM ja kayu che. narasi Mha, mIrAM vageree sabhavataH na racelAM pado temane nAme caDI gayAM che. caDAvavAM saraLa pa hatAM-'bhaNe narasaiyA tenuM darzana karatAM-' ke 'mIrAM kahe prabhu giradhara nAgara-' evuM a`te umerIne nAnAM nAnAM gAmaDAM ane vizALa nagarA tathA moTAM zaheromAM paNa premAnaMda ane anya bhaktakavionAM pado, bhajanA, AkhyAnA utsavanA prasagAe ane anyathA paNa Aje e gavAyA ja kare che ane gujarAtanuM saMskArI bhaktahRddhe A sau satakavione peAtAnA hRdayamAM sthAna ApIne emane amara anAvyA che. prazna e thAya che ke A AkhyAna padA, bhajatAnA A amaratvanuM rahasya zuM...? vaLa kAvyatattva saMpU` nathI ane bhakta nahIM evA kaviemAM vilakSaNa kavitva paNa jovA maLe che ! vaLI ziSTa ane saskArI samAjanA 'kalAne khAtara kalA'nA bhAva sAthe kAvyasAdhanA karatAM zuddha kavi kema AvA amara banatA nathI ? samaya sAthe kavitA navI dizAmAM pagalAM mAMDe te sAthe thADA samaya jatAM vismaraNamAM kema paDavA lAge che? navA vAda ane navI bhAta paDatA pazu 500 varSa pUrve thayelA narasiMha ane mIrAM evA ne evA Aje paNa gavAya che tenuM rahasya zuM ? kayA baLa para e ATalAM zatakAthI gujarAtanA leAkayane DolAvatA rahyA che? mANabhaTTa AkhyAnakAra premAnanA mahAkavi premAnaMda' e khirunI sAme janahRdayane vAMdhA nathI, premAna'ne mahAkavi kahI zakAya ke nahIM evA prazna A lAkahrayane thatA nathI ! ema kahevAya che ke narasiMha, mIrAM, prItama, bojo, dhIrA, vyArAma vagere kavienA nAme temaNe na racelAM aneka pado, bhajanA caDI gayAM che. AmAM kharekhara kayAM pado mULa kavinAM che tenA saMzAdhanamAM paDavAnA khyAla sarakhA A lAkayane AvatA nathI. te tA zraddhApUrvaka, sahajabhAve A tamAma racanAone sa'takavienI mAne che. tene mana te A pazu. A saMtakavionI mahattAnuM pramANa che. * kendra sa`skAranA saskRtivibhAga taraphathI seAmanAthamAM gujarAtamAM saMtavANI' e viSaya para ceAyelA semInAramAM vaheMcAyelA nikha'dha +nivRtta mAnAha niyAmaka, lA. da. vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda gujarAtamAM saMtavANIne vikAsa] For Private and Personal Use Only ( 107

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kAraNa spaSTa che. mIrAM, dayArAma, narasiMha vagere bhaktakavio che, saMtakavio che, mAtra kavio nathI. A kaviomAM bhaktinuM tatva vadhAre ke kavitvanuM, e vicArIe te, kadAca premAnaMdane bAda karatAM bAkI badhA prathama saMta ane bhakta ane pachI kavio che. kAraNa, premAnaMdane bAda karatAM kavitA karavI e anya kavione vyavasAya nathI, kavi banavA mATenI keLavaNI paNa temanI nathI. temaNe pitAnI bhaktine vAcA ApavA mATe ja kavitA karI che. aneka punaruktio thAya, ekane eka vicAra pharI pharI varNavAya, alaMkArasabharatA na jAme, bhAvonI cittAkarSaka prasanakara mRdutA na jAme-kazAnI paNa A 1 kavione ciMtA nathI. kavi tarIke teo khUba mUlavAyA, AsvAdAyA che, chatAM ApaNe temanA doSa batAvIe te teo kaheze ke amane kavi na gaNo to paNa zuM ? narasiMha mATe kahevAyuM che. ...paNa ene sapramANatA ke ziSTatA sAthe kayAM levAdevA che ? ane kyAM kavi tarIke kIti meLavavI che? e dIna bhaktane mAtra goviMdanA guNa gAyA karavA che, eTale pharI pharIthI tenI te vAta tene te zabdomAM ke evA bIjA zabdomAM, saMkucita ka95nAthI ane gaNyAgAMThThA bhAvothI kahyuM ja rAkhe che." - bhaktie, prabhuparAyaNatAe temanA hRdayanA kavitA pravAhane preryo, ure ema lAgaze. janasAmAnyanA hRdayanI bhakti, dharmabhAvanA, saMskAritA, zAzvatamUlyapriyatAne bahAra lAvanAra, preranAra, poSanAra A kavitApravAha temanA racanArAonI hRdayagata bhaktibhAvanA, temanA saMtapaNAnI bhAvanAne lIdhe vahyo che ane vahetAM vahetAM samagra gujarAtane vyApI vaLyo che; gujarAta ane dezanI aNamola 1 saMpatti banI gayo che. A saMta kavio Aje paNa jIvaMta che, gujarAtanA dhama, nIti, ziSTatA, saMskAritAnA zAzvata bhAvothI dhabakatA haiyAne cetanAnAM pIyUSa pAtA rahyA che. janasAmAnyanI cetanAnAM uttama mUlyone pitAnAM karI, khIlavI, navI jAgRti ane guNavattA apI, tenuM navanirmANa karI bhAratanI bhAratIyatAne sajIva rAkhanAra, tenI asmitAne navuM gauravapradAna A kavioe karyuM che. A ja A kavionA amaratvanuM rahasya che. kRSNabhakitanuM prAdhAnya, chatAM narasiMha-mIrAMnA samayathI zarU karIne cheka akha-dayArAmanA samaya sudhInI vidhamI ke janavirodhI sattA, dezanA ja asAmAjika tattavo dvArA lUMTaphATa, prajAnuM zoSaNa, keTalAka udAra rAjavIo ane , sattAdhIze chatAM sAcI salAmatino abhAva vagerene kAraNe, baMgALa, paMjAba vagere jevI viparIta nahIM to paNa sukhakara nahIM ja evI sAmAjika sthiti manasukhalAla jhaverI A rIte rajU kare che prajAne AtmA UMDe UMDe dubhAyo hato. tene tejovadha thayo hato. keI vyakti, tema , ja prajA pitAne tejovadha heje bhUlI zakatI nathI. A kaparI smRti samagra prajAjIvana upara eka vALanI AchI gherI chAyAnI mAphaka chAI rahI che." ane AnaMdazaMkara vizeSa prakAza pADe che- "ApaNA AtmAnA ghaNAkharA bhAgamAMthI jIvana ja jatuM rahyuM hatuM. enI avalokana zakti "; lupta thaI gaI hatI. ene saMsArano svAda marI gayo hato. gRha, rAjya Adi manuSyajAtie upajAvelI bhAvanAomAMthI ene rasa UDI gayo hato. mAtra ene eka bhAga kaMIka saceta rahyo hato, ane te damaA sthitimAM lokasamAjane manoraMjana pUruM pADavA sAthe tenI saMskArabhUkhanI tRpti A kavioe karI che. mIrAMthI zarU karI dayArAma sudhInA A kaviomAM eka vilakSaNa tatva e che ke temaNe saue lagabhaga samAna bhAve kRSNabhaktinuM gAna karyuM che ane kRSNajIvana tathA tenI sAthe siAmIpya : eNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 194 For Private and Personal Use Only

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saMkaLAyelA prasaMgone kAvyasvarUpA vAcA apI che. bhagavAna karaze avananAM ghaNAM varSa dvArakAmAM nivAsa karyo hato ane tethI temane sarvavyApItA bhAva samagra gujarAtanA sAmAjika, dhAmika, naitika, sAMskArika jIvanane ghaDanAra banyo, ema paNa kahI zakAya. bhAgavatane prasthAnatrayanI sAthe bhAratIya zanane eka paramapramANa graMtha gaNanAra ane bhaktine mokSasAdhanAne uttama mArga gaNanAra vallabhasaMpradAyano ane tenI pahelAM bhAgavatadharmano paNa gujarAtamAM krame krame phelAvo thayo te paNa kRSNa bhaktinA prAdhAnyanuM eka kAraNuM kharuM ja. anya kAraNe paNa che ja. game tema, lekahRdayane sahaja kaNabhakti A tamAma kavioe gAI che ane gujarAtanA janamanane DolAvyuM che, mugdha banAvyuM che ke, e hakIkata che. ane A kaNabhaktie adabhuta lokasaMgraha sAdhI, satata saMskAra siMcana karatAM rahI lokahRdayanI dhamamAMnI AsthA, nItinAM mUlyonuM baLa, jIvananA AcAranI zuddhi ane ziSTatA, gujarAtanI saMskAritAne pALyAM paDyAM che. saMtakavionI A eka aNamola sevA ane sArthakatA che. puSTimAgIya valabhasaMpradAya te spaSTa kahe che. "kRSNat para kimapi tattvamAM na jAne," ane bhAgavatamAM nArada kahe che (7-7-30) gopya: kAmAt bhayAt kaMso vaiSAccedyAdayo / saMbaMdhAt vRSNayaH snehAt yUyaM bhakatyA vaya vibho // ane chatAM vilakSaNatA e che ke A kRSNabhaktinA gAyaka kavio aMdha sAmpradAyikatAnA prabhAve rAmabhakti ane zivabhaktinA virodhI kadI paNa banyA nathI. dayArAmanuM mULanAma "dayAzaMkara' hatuM ane 'zaMkara', zabda nAmamAMthI dUra karavA mATe teNe potAnuM nAma "yArAma' e pramANe badayuM'. evI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che, jene kAI cokkasa AdhAra nathI. narasiMhane te zivajInI kRpAthI ja zrIkRSNanI rAsalIlAnAM darzana thayAM hatAM. tethI ja teNe gAyuM che. "zivajI AgaLa jaI eka manoratha,stutya kIdhI divasa sAta sudhI" ane gaga6 kaThe huM bolI zake nahIM, mastaka kara dharyo mugdha jANI." ane vaLI e lakhe che- alpA nAma pAme chatAM rAmane nava kahyA, vaiSNava pada keruM biruda jhAle." mIrAM rAmane kRSNasvarUpa gaNI gAna kare che -"rAma che rAma che rAma che re mArA hatyamAM vahAle rAma che." ane chatAM rAmabhaktinuM gAna paNa keTalIya vakhata karI le che "sItArAmane bhajI , phekaTa zIda bhaTako; mAlikane bhajatAM rAtadina nava aTake." kaNano parama upAsaka premAnaMda zivajInI stuti karI le che ane rAmAyaNamalaka AkhyAne paNa race che. gujarAtanI e vilakSaNatA che ke temAM amuka apavAda sivAya aMdha sAmpradAyikatA jovA maLatI nathI. ane kahRdaya mukhyatve kRSNa bhaktithI vyApta hovA chatAM savadevanamaskAra tene ziromAnya che. kaNa sAthe rAma ane zivanI stuti to gujarAta sahaja bhAve karI zake che. A paristhiti udabhavI temAM saMtakavione moTo phALo che. temaNe kRSNane iSTadeva mAnavA chatAM rAma ane zivanI avagaNanA karI nathI; rAma ane zivanI stuti gAI che, rAma jIvananAM A khyAno racyAM che, AkhyAmAM sarvadeva namaskAra, zivastuti, rAmasvati AvyAM che. Ane prabhAva janasamAjane keLavavAmAM tenI daSTi vizALa banAvavAmAM nimittarUpa che. gujarAtamAM saMtavANIne vikAsa [19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jIvananI anubhUti e ja pramANa bhArata para parAnuM pUjaka che, rUDhigrastatA paNa A dezamAM ochI nathI. A para parAne cheDIne kAIka mahAnubhAva judI rIte jIvana dhaDatara karavA cAhe te samAja te saraLatAthI sahana karI zakatA nathI. pariNAme AvA mahAnubhAvAne jIvanamAM dhaNuM sahana karavu paDe che. duniyADAhyA, paramparAnA pUjaka, pratiSThAnA khyAlAmAM rAcatA nAgarAne kAraNe narasaiyAne keTalA tiraskAra, phiTakAra, bahiSkAra sahana karavA paDyo! temane kAraNe jIvanabhara narasaiyAne asadya paritApa sahana karavA paDayA. narasiMhe eka vakhata te prabhune vinaMtI karI che. ane te "niradhana te vaLI nAta nAgarI hira na ApIza avatAra re." mIrAMne rANAjInA ane samagra samAjanA keTalA trAsa sahana karavAne AvyA ! tene Akhare vatana cheDavuM paDayuM ! kRSNanA paramabhakta zyArAmane paNu samAje sArI peThe herAna karyA che. kAraNa e ja ke te kRSNane varlDa' hatAM, mAnatAM hatAM ke, "kRSNa vinA khIjuM sarvAM kAcu '' (narasiMhaiM) ane sa kAraNa ? "suraMdara zyAma zarIra mATe dila su Mdara zyAma zarIra--'' (mIrAM) "anupama e alakheleA rasiyA jIvana mULI dayArAmanI." (dhyArAma) A badhA aNugamA, tiraskAra, phiTakAra, bahiSkAra A sAne ochA paritApakara banyAM nathI. ane chatAM A saMtakAvie peAtAnI bhaktimAM, kRSNaparAyaNatAmAM, kRSNa bhaktigAnamAM dRDha rahyAM che; jIvananA lAdhelA navA mArga temaNe cheADayo nathI. narisaMha tA potAnA tiraskAra karanAra bhAbhIne kahe che-- Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dhanya bhAbhI tame dhanya mAtApitA kaSTa jANI mane yAre kIdhI; tamArI kRpA thakI hirahara bheTiyA, kRSNue mArI sAra kIdhI.' priyajaneAnA tyAga chatAM mIrAM kahe che- heAnI hAya seA hAI" "gAviMdo prANa amArA re, mane jaga lAgyA khArA re; mane mArA rAmajI bhAve re, khIjo mArI najare nAve re." kRSNamAMnI A aTala zraddA, taparAyaNutA, kRSNaprati A AtmasamarpaNanA bhAve A kavinI cetanA je rIte vikasAvI che ane je baLa ApyuM' che tethI ja teA narasiMhane mATe munazI kahe che-- "paNu narasaiMyA AvA udgArA teA kacit ja kADhe che; kharuM jotAM duSTa pajavanArAonA krUra vatanathI e jANye ajANye nIkaLI jAya che. e vanathI tenuM kAmaLa hRdaya dhavAya che. enAM saMsArI du:kho vadhe che. ane muzkelIkhAnA tApathI enA japatA haiyAmAMthI kharI mahattAnuM zuddha kAMcana bahAra Ave che. narau| dhIme dhIme IzvarapraNidhAna sevatAM mahAtmA bane che ane peAtAnA nirdela huyanA UMDANamAMthI sanAtana preraNAnA UbharA kADhe che.'' A ja satya mIrAMne lAgu paDI zake, jyArAmane paNu kAI paNa saMta kavine mATe alpa cA bahu pramANamAM A ja vAta satya che. A kAraNesara A kavionuM jIvana ane kavana ne janahadaya mATe preraNArUpa, ma trarUpa banyAM che. saMta kavionI vANI pAchaLa dhamakatA sadhamaya jIvana, sAMsArika trasta jIvane temanI dRDhatA, aTalatA, prabhumAMnI zraddhA, bhaktinI zakti vagerene kAraNe janahRdayane paNa dhaNuM dhaNuM Apyu che. J&<<} [sAmIpyaH oNkaTobara, '93-mA', 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sIdhA upadeza nahI, paraMtu A saMtakavionI eka noMdhapAtra siddhi e paNu che ke temaNe janasamAjane sIdhA upadeza ApatAM bhajanA, pado, subhASitA ghaNAM ochAM racyAM che. moTe bhAge temaNe AkhyAne je ramyAM temAM mahAnubhAva pAtrAnAM jIvana, vANI, vana, AcAra vagerenuM gauravagAna karyu"; padomAM svAnubhUti ane bhaktonI tathA temanA jIvana, AcAra, vicAranI prazasti gAI, jema ke "rAmabANu vAgyAM hAya te jANe, dhruvane vAgyAM pralAdane vAgyAM..." Ama, A saMtakavionuM jIvana, temanAM AcAra, anubhUti, ciMtana ane tenA niceArUpa kavana svayameva janasamAjanA hAyane ekAgratA, mastI ane AnamAM DolAve che ane sAthe upadeza Ape che. lokahRdayamAM gUDha sa`kArarUpe paDelAM dhama, nIti, sadAcAra ane darzananAM mUlye| A kavie bahAra lAve che, tene sAkAra karatuM maneArama gAna kare che. A mUlyAne temaNe utteyAM, pALyAM peAkhyAM ane alavara banAvyAM che. ane e rIte jIvana jIvavAnAM navAM baLa, zraddhA, kalA janasamAjane A kavioe ApyAM che. janasamAjanA hRdayanI chUpI vAta ja spaSTAkAra thaI naNe gAnarUpe vyakta thatI hAya ane abhinava cetanA pAmatI hoya evA anubhava temaNe karAvyA che. sIdhA upadeza karatAM Ave! vyajita svayameva hRdayamAMthI jAgatA upadeza vizeSa cittAkaryAMka bane; gAna, saMgIta ane kAvyanA mAga aneka gaNA vadhAre rucikara ane prabhAvetpAdaka ane e spaSTa che. A sa`ta kavionA upadeza janahRdayane vizvAsu AptajananI tathA sammAnya ane vaMdya mahAnubhAvanI ema be rIte prApta thAya che, ane tethI ja sa'tavANImAMthI pratIta thatA upadezanA prabhAva janahRdaya para ghaNA vadhAre paDayo che. kavitA mATe kahevAyu` che ke "sArI kavitA, sAcI kavitA e kahevAya jenA vAcanathI vAcakane peAtAnA vyaktitvanA vikAsa thayAnA anubhava thAya." zuddha kavitAnA prabhAva mATe Ama kahI zakAya te A saMtakavionI bhaktibhAva nItaratI kavitA mATe zu' kahI zakAya te samajI zakAze. e spaSTa che ke saMtavANInI A paNa eka vilakSaNu siddhi che. purAtana prasiddha kAmanA prabhAva mahAbhAratamUlaka, rAmAyaNumUlaka kathAo, purANa, gAthAo, anya kathAe, kRSNa-rAdhAnI joDI, satamaha tAnAM ciratA, vagere je kharekhara janasamAjane sArI rIte paricita che, eTalu ja nahI paNa je janahRdayanA bhAva, zraddhA, sammAnane satata pakaDI rAkhanAra che, tenuM ja gAna avanavI khAnImAM A kavioe karyuM che, temanI prAsAdika bhAva nItaratI, svAnubhUtinA nIcoDarUpa evI maneAhara vANImAM je paricita che, hRdayagata che, te navI vANI, navA bhAva, navA veSa laIne purAtana mUlye! sAthe saMtavANIrUpe vahe che tyAre janahudaya mATe e satata priya, manAra...jaka, garavAM mUlyAnA prabhAva pADanAruM banyuM che. jUnAM mUlyA, jUnA bhAvA navA prabhAva, navuM baLa ane tethI nImatA, sanna navInatA laIne janasamAja pAse Ave che, janayane DolAve che, mugdha kare che, temAM ja tene jANe navajIvana ape che. maulikatA mAtra navAmAM nathI; jUnAne navIna, sadAbahAra banAvavAmAM paNa che e A saMtakavie siddha karyu che. AjanA kavi paNa praNayagAna kare che tyAre kRSNa ane rAdhAkRSNa sivAyanAM pratIke tene jhAMkhAM lAge che ane tethI adyatana prayakAvyAmAMthI AjanA rAsagarabAmAMthI paNa kRSNa ane rAdhAkRSNa visarAtAM nathI. Ama hoya teA pachI prAcInatAnA arvAcIna zilpI evA A hariparAyaNu saMtakavionI vANImAMthI e kema visarAya ? gujarAtamAM saMtavANInA vikAsa] [181 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsur Gyanmandir saMgIta ane gAna , bAlakRSNanI mUrti samakSa mIrAM nRtya karatI ke taMbUrA hAthamAM rAkhI potAnAM racelAM padonuM gAna karatI. tethI ja to jANItuM che ke- "paga ghuMgharu bAMdhI mIrAM nAcI re..." * zivajInI kRpA karIne bhagavAna kRSNanI rAsalIlAmAM rata banI pAche narasiMha Avyo, hAthamAM karatAla laI te nAcate hatA, ene mATe kahevAyuM che ke e ja narasaiyo, paNa hato te te nahIM ja. enA mukha para teja che. enI AMkhomAM ghena che enA paga ane hAthanA lahekAmAM zarama nathI. enA rAgamAM talasATa che," (munazI) Ama bhagavad bhaktimAM rata narasaiyo potAnA hRdayamAMthI cUMTAIna vahetA bhAvanuM gAna saMgItamaya bAnImAM karatAla sAthe karato hato. premAnaMdanI dasa AMgaLIo paranI vITIo tenI sAme goThavelI mANu para judA judA rAga sAthe saMgItamaya vANImAM AkhyAnone rasALa pravAha vahevaDAvatI hatI. atyaMta madhura kaThe dayArAma taMbUra 5ra gAna karatA. temaNe, premAnaMde, A saMta kavioe anekAneka rase sAthe bhakti rasanI, harirasanI ramajhaTa bolAvI leka hRdayanAM ekAgratA, prasannatA, mugdhatA chatI lIdhAM te A gAna ane vAdyamaya saMgItanA prabhAve. saMgatane je hRdayane DolAvate mRdu prabhAva che te anya kalAomAM ocho jovA maLe che. temAM paNa A saMtakavio to nRtya, abhinaya, hAvabhAva paNa kAmamAM letA. A rIte temaNe "nRtya, gIta vAdya ca tra5 saMgItamucyate." e vyAkhyA anusAra mAnavahRdayanA sama, UMDA, UrdhvagAmI bhAvone mRdu, prAsAdika, saMgItamaya vANImAM vahevaDAvavAnuM pasaMda karyuM, te paNa A saMtanI vANInA vizALa AbAlavRddha janasamAja paranA jAduI prabhAvanuM eka amodha baLa che. saMgIta sAmAnya rIte mRdutA ane mAdhurya sAthe advaita sAdhe che ane e rIte zrotAnA hRdayane sabhara bharI de che; avismaraNIya anubhUti ane rasAsvAdanamAM taraboLa karI de che. mIrAMnAM pado-bhajananI mRdutA narasiMhanAM padonI mastI ane dayArAmanA gAnanI, madhuratAne moTo AdhAra A saMgIta, gAne e che. gItalakSaNa A zabdomAM ApavAmAM AvyuM che susvara surasa caiva madhura madhurAkSaram / sAlaMkAra' pramANa ca SaDvaya" gItalakSaNam saMkara svaravALa', sarasa, madhura ane madhura akSarothI yukta, tAnapalaTA bharyA', tAlabaddha A' cha lakSaNo gItanAM che." ApaNA tamAma mukhya saMtakavioe samRddha evA pramANamAM A cha ye lakSaNo pUrI vividhatA saha pitAnI racanAomAM sAkAra karyA che. ane temaNe vahAvyo che rasa, kRSNabhakitane rasa. paramAtmA mATe eTale A saMtakavionI daSTie kRSNa mATe paNa kahevAyuM che ke sau hai sa: ane keTakeTalAM jAyAM ajANyAM rAgarAgaNI temaNe prajyAM ? keTalA navA rAge ghaDyA ? rAganuM vaividhya ane utkRSTa saMgItamaya gAna Ama A saMtavANInA prabhAvane balavattara banAvavAmAM anerI rIte upakAraka bane che. - paMdaramI sadIthI aDhAramI sadInAM traNa varSa e gujarAtanA bhaktikAvya ane bhaktisaMgIta eTale ke saMtavANIne suvarNayuga che. A yuganA saMtakavionI vANInAM sAmAnya lakSaNe A rIte samajayA pachI have ApaNe mukhya saMtakavionI sAdhanA AlecIe. narasiMha nAgara narasiMhanA kuTuMbanA ISTadeva zivajI tenI kRpAthI narasiMhane zrIkRSNanI rAsalIlAnAM darzana thayAM. ane te sAthe teNe jIvanabhara kRSNa bhaktigAna karavAne, kRSNamaya banI javAno daDha saMkalpa karI 182] sAmI : eNkaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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lIdhe. ane kRSNabhaktinI narasiMhanI jIvanayAtrA gatimAM AvI. gopIbhAve prabhukRNane prItama mAnIne bhajavAthI teNe pitAnA saMtajIvanano AraMbha karyo. bhakti ane kRNu parAyaNatAnA bhAge teNe je sAdhanA karI temAM krame krame tenA manamAM kRSNa svarUpano vikAsa thatA gayA ane anta narasiMhe potAnA A ISTadevane vizvavyApI parabrahma rUpe nIrakhe. te kahe che - "netraviNu nIrakhavo rUpaviNa parakho, vaNajidavAe ja rasa sarasa pIvo." mIrAMnA darzana ane anubhUti karatAM paNa vadhu cokkasa kama ane vikAsa pagalAM narasiMhane dazanamAM jovA maLe che. AraMbhanAM padomAM te gopIbhAve kaNane A rIte gAya che-- amane rAsa ramADa vahAlA, madhura baMsa vajADe vahAlA; tha nAca nacADa vahAlA, vaikuMThathI vRMdAvana rUDuM, te amane dekhADa vahAlA." ane te jIvananAM aMtima varSomAM gAya che "akaLa avinAzIe na ja jAye kanyo; adhara UdharanI mAMhe mahAle. narasaiyAne svAmI sakaLa vyApI rahyo... premanA taMtamAM saMta jhAle." narasiMhanI cetanAnI parabrahma prati gatino A be pade vacceno itihAsa lAMbo ane romAMcaka che. AraMbhanAM varSo ghaNAM varSo lagI yuvAna nara ke jyAre strInA veSa sajIne gopIbhAva anubhavI kabapremamAM rata thavA prayatnazIla che tyAre te ughADe zugAra gAya che. tene mana gopI "AhIraDI mAtI tAtI" che ane te puruSa chatAM strIne veSa sajI gopInA bhAvo anubhavavA prayatna kare che. puruSa strI banavA prayatna kare, paNa temAM zRMgAranA strI sahaja bhAvo kyAMthI Ave ? Ama thAya tethI to pachI bephAma bhaMgAra bahudhA vAcya rUpe ja nirUpAya. anaMtarAya yogya ja kahe che. "mIrAMnAM kAyAne haiyu strInAM hatAM. eno zRMgAra trIsahaja maryAdAno lepa karatA nathI. strI hovAthI mIrAMne gopIbhAva sahaja hato... narasiMha ane dayArAma jevA puruSa jyAre gopIbhAvano aMcaLo oDhe che tyAre emanI ka95nA ane rasikatA emanI pAse puruSa sulabha prAgalabhyathI zRMgAra nirUpaNamAM maryAdAnuM atikramaNa karAve che. mIrAMnuM strItva ene A bhayathI dUra rAkhe che." narasiMha para nagna zRMgAra nirUpavAno Aropa paNa thAya che ane tene te javAba paNa vALe che- "tame jANe viSa parasa gAyo, mAro hari zuM prema ubharAya; harilIlA zaNagAra ja gAtAM viSayI nahI kahevAya." ane narasiMhanI A vANI gujarAte mastIbharI, bhaktibhAva samRddha, tanmayatAyukta kavivANI tarIke AraMbhathI ja apanAvI che, kAraNu, sarasApi kavervANI harinAmAGkitA yadi / sAdaragRhyate tajjhaH zaktimuktAnvitA yadi // "(gArAdi, rasothI yukta hovA chatAM kavivANI harinA nAmathI aMkita hoya te sahRdayane ane vidvAne tenuM Adarasaha grahaNa kare che." samaya jAya che, kaNanAM navAM navAM vyaktinAM darzana narasiMhane thAya che. teno kRSNa have kevaLa gopIne hAla nathI. have te yogezvara Izvara, saguNa brahma, nirguNa brahma, sarvavyApI paramAtmA banI jAya che. ane A anubhava sAthe narasiMhanA masta, ughADA, bephAma, zRMgAranA raMga phaTakI jAya che. ghelI, masta, tephAnI gopImAMthI narasiMha namra bhakta, dAsa, dInatAbharyo sevaka ane mugdha mumukSa banI jAya gujarAtamAM saMtavANIne vikAsa For Private and Personal Use Only

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che. A chatAM A samagra samayagALA daramyAna narasiMha bhaktinuM ja prAdhAnya gAya che. vizvavyApI chatAM -sarvAtIta parabrahma anyA pachI paNa kRSNa kRSNa teA rahe ja che. ane narasiMha kahe che zyAmanA caraNamAM icchu chuM maraNu re !' "bhUtaLa bhakti padAratha mATuM, brahmaleAkamAM nAhIM re ! puNya karI amarApurI pAmyA, ante ceArAsI mAMhI re !' ane ane tethI "harinA jana tAmukti na mAge, mAge janamAjanama avatAra re! nita sevA nita kI`na occhava, nIrakhavA nandakumAra 2 !" krame krame narasiMha. antamu kha thatA gayA ane tenI bhakti UMDI ane dRDha banatI gaI; sAthe sAthe tene tenA kRSNunA savavyApI sa`bhUtAntarAtmA ane chatAM sarvAtIta mahezvaranA sAkSAtkAra thayAnA anubhava thayA ane A tamAmane peAtAnI kAvyavANImAM gAIne teNe potAne, peAtAnA jIvanane, gujarRra girAne, gujarAtanA saskArI janasamAjane ane saune dhanya banAvyA, kRtakRtya karyAM. narasi Mha mahetA A rIte gujarAta AkhAnuM bana banI gayA. dhama, bhakti sAthe sAthe ka jIvananA sa`skAranAM amara mUlyA te pelAnA kathana dvArA ApI gayA. temane sAhityane amara vArasA paNa teo mUkI gayA. narasiMhane ATe yogya ja kahevAyu che ke Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir "enI kavitA prayatnasiddha ke lakhavA khAtara lakhAyelI kavitA nathI. e eka bhaktanI sAhajika hRdayavANI che, paNa e vANI sAcI kavitA che. narasiMha mukhyatve bhakta, enuM kavipaNu AnuSa`gika ja, chatAM kavi tarIke ya te meTA che. paMdaramA zatakanuM ja nahi, samagra gujarAtI sAhitya ene lIdhe UjaLu che.'' (anaMtarAya) mIrAMbAI v] kRSNanI "mIrAM dAsI janama janamakI'' paraNIne sAsare jAya che. kuladevInuM pUjana karavAnI te nA pADe che. tene judo AvAsa ApavAmAM Ave che. AnI sAthe ja tenA jIvana para ApattinAM vAdaLA gherAya che, ane jIvananA saMdharSoM tathA mAnasika paritApa zarU thAya che. rANA AvezamAM tene jIva levA Ave che, niSphaLa jatAM viSanA pyAlA mAkale che. haricaraNAmRta gaNI mIrAM pau jAya che. "amRta joNI pI gayAM mIrAM, jene sAca zrI vaikuMThenAtha.' A "viSanA pyAlA rANe meAkalyA" e pratIka rUpe saMsAranI upAdhionAM viSa paNu gaNAya. tene eka mAtra kRSNunA, janama janamanA protamanA vizvAse mIrAM jIravI jAya che. chatAM A jukSmAne trAsa te anubhave ja che, tene vyakta paNa kare che. sthiti evI Ave che ke-- "rANAjInA dezamAM mAre,jaLa re pIvAnA doSa.' ane te peAtAnA deza cheDe che. geApIbhAve, hRdayanA UMDAmAM UMDA bhAveAmAM bhaLI gayelA, jIvananuM rasAyana banI gayelA kRSNane prItama mAnI meLavavA prayatna karatI mIrAMe gujarAtane premalakSaNA bhaktinuM anupama udAharaNa pUruM mADayu che. verAgI, saMtamaha ta, sAdhusaMnyAsInA saMgamAM mIrAM peAtAnuM jIvana vItAve che. eka ja tene ..sAdhAra, vizvAsa che. te gAya che... "gAviMdo prANa amArA re, mane jaga lAgyA khA! re! mane mArA rAmajI bhAve re, bIjo mArI najare nAve re !'' [sAmIpya : AkaTobara, '93-mArca, 194 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane kRSNaprIyA mIrAM kaNa sAthenA saMyoganAM svanonAM, viyoganI asaha vyathA ane vedanAnAM, lADanAM ane rIsanAM pado race che. pitAnA kaDIlA kAmaNagArA kaNa kanaiyA pAse te namana kare che. te saMyoga karatAM viyoganAM pade vadhu gAya che. tenA svaramAM Araja che, je tenA hRdayanI UThI prItane vAcA Ape che. kacchanA viyoganI vedanA nathI sahana thatI tyAre pitAnI vyathAnuM Atmanivedana te kare che, keTalIkavAra tene Thapako Ape che, tenI TIkA paNa karI le che. kaNa na ja Ave, kAraNa, "Akhare jAMta AhIra !" tene to eka ja raTaNa che ke-"mere to giridhara gopAla dUsarA na keI." A giridhara kAje te tene sarvasvano tyAga karyo che ! "jagatathI vimukha banI mIrAM hari tarI DhaLI jAya che ane je zRMgAra dhAraNa kare che te paNa harinAmane ja che, kAraNa "muja abaLAne moTI mirAta e ja e che." gopIbhAvamAM je sava samapaNa che tenI pAchaLa kudaratI rIte kRSNa pratye mIrAMne dAsIbhAva utkrAnta thAya che. dAsatva vAMchatI mIrAM gAya che-- hAne cAkara rAkhojI... cAkara rahasuM bAga lagAsu, nita UTha darasana pAse, vRMdAvananI kuMjagalIme goviMlIlA gAzuM." ane A cAkarI paNa tenuM sarvasva bane tema che. temAM tene kazunAM bhAva, bhakti ane samRddhino vArase maLavAnI tamannA che. temAM ja tenI salAmati che, kAraNa, kRSNa kadI dago detA nathI. te zaraNugata pratye vatsala che. samaya jatAM kRSNanI priyatamAe dAsatva grahaNa karyuM. tenAthI paNa AgaLa vadhIne have te kRSNane ja tenA jIvanano ekamAtra AdhAra mAne che. jIvane zivavinA cAlatuM nathI. mIrAMnI chava tarIkenI namratA vadhe che ane te sAthe tene kaSNa paramAtmA svarUpe tene bhAse che. te namratA sAthe potAnI jhaMkhanA, vedanA, Araja vyakta karI tene AdhAra mAge che--e ja ene ekamAtra AdhAra che. dava to lAgela DuMgarameM kahone odhAjI, kema karIe ? Are varatIe nathI ThekANuM re bahAlA ! paravaratInI pAMkhe ame pharIe ?... saMsArasAgara mahAjaLa bhariyo vahAlA ! bAMheDI jhAlo nIkara mUDI marIe ?..." tene kRSNa, tene jIvanAdhAra, tenI cetAne AdhAra kRSNa prema sauMdaryarUpa paramAtmA che ane tenA ja gIta gAvAM, tenAmAM ja maya banI javuM, emAM mIrAne jIvananI sArthaktAnAM darzana thAya che. "bhoLI re bharavADaNa harine vecavA cAlI !" ane e gAtI jAya che... "hAMre koI mAdhava lya, mAdhava lyo !" mIrAM prabhune vinavatAM kahe che- hari mAre hirade raheje, praNa! mArI pAse rahejo; je je, nyArA thAtA re, mane te dinano vizvAsa re !" ane "aba te merA rAmanAma dUsarA na koI." A rIte kagaNa, goviMdo, sAMvari, rAma, pUrNa brahma badhuM mIrAM ekarUpe jue che. premalakSaNa bhaktinI prabaLa bhAvanAthI, kSaNane paNa viyoga sahana na thavAthI, te prabhumaya banI gaI che tethI, A prema ane A utkaTa evI bhaktine mAge tene pUrNa brahmano sAkSAtkAra thAya che. kahevAya che ke gujarAtamAM saMtavANIne vikAsa]. [85 For Private and Personal Use Only

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aMte mIrAM dvArakAmAM prabhunA hRdayamAM lupta thaI jAya che. "mIrAMnAM padomAM gopInA hadayanuM abaLApaNa. kamaTha dArzanikane puruSArtha, bhAvakano utkaTa prema tathA cintanazIlanI virakti, sAdhakanI laganI ane bhaktinI premajanya vivazatA, svAbhAvika bhoLapaNuM ane mArmika mAdhuryanI komaLatA-badhuM sAthesAtha vidyamAna che.' mIrAMnI saMtavANI sahajabhAve, svanA dRSTAnta ane anubhava dvArA jagatanA prabhuparAyaNa banavA tatpara mAnavane A prakAranA upadeza vyaMjanArUpe Ape che. jIvanamAM atima laya mukti e ja hoI zake ane te prabhupritathI, satsaMgathI, AtmasamarpaNathI, satranA prabhamAM vilopanathI jaladI prApta thAya, prabhuparAyaNatA ane prabhubhajana eja Ane mAga che. jIvana parama puruSArtha sAthe jIvavA jevuM che, paraMtu kevaLa AtmakAmanA jAgrata rAkhIne, saMsArane tenA sAcA svarUpe oLakhI vadhAre paDatI AsaktiothI dUra thaIne. prabhu mAtra bAhyAcArathI, tIrtho karavAthI bhagavA dhArA karavAthI maLatA nathI. ame kame jIvana utkarSa sAdhatAM tene haricaraNarata karavAmAM ja jIvananI sArthakatA che. premAnaMda mukhya saMtakaviomAM trIja che premAnaMda, narasiMha, mIza ane dayArAma karatAM temanI pratimA jadI ja che. teo naisagikI pratibhAthI anvita samartha kavi che. keTalAke temane mahAkavi tarIke paNa biradAvyA che. kathAkAra, AkhyAnakAra, gAgariyA bhaTTa premAnaMda thoDA ja samayamAM samagra gujarAtamAM ane mahArASTramAM paNa jaNItA thayA. teNe AkhyAno vagere rayAM, gAmegAma harIpharI hAvabhAva sAthe gAyAM, cauTa-cauTe saMbhaLAvyAM. saMgIta ane manoraMjana sAthe bhAratIya dharma ane saMskRtinAM zAzvata mUhan pradhatI amarakathAo teNe punaH sajIvana karI. A kathAo karatAM paNa vizeSa tenAM pAtrone prabhAva zrotAjano para AnaMdadAyI ane sAthe ziSTatAbedhaka ane saMskArasiMcaka bane che. jIvana kSetronA upadeza, A prathama AkhyAnakAra ane pachI saMtakavie Ama moTe bhAge vyaMjanArUpe ApyA che. saMsAranA puruSArtha, dharmaparAyaNatAthI mAMDIne virakti, tyAga, mokSanI sAdhanA sudhInI vAta A vyaMjanAo dvArA vyakta thAya che. tene mATe niHsaMkeca kahI zakAya ke harigAna karatAM karatAM premAnaMda harimaya banI gayA che, pelI prasiddha uktimAM kahyuM che tema "lAlA mere lAlakI jita dekhuM tita lAla, lAlI dekhana mai calI meM bhI ho gaI lAla." ane e rIte mIrAM ane narasiMhanA jIvana karatAM judI ja, nirALI rIte tenAM AkhyAne ane tene jIvana janasamAjane narI cetanA ApanAra banyAM che. A kavi paNa gujarAtane jyAre tAtI jarUriyAta hatI tyAre ja ubhavyA che. sAco dharma ja mAnavane TakAvI rAkhanAra baLarUpa hato te yugamAM A loka hadaye vasI gayela prAcIna kathAo ane dhArmika ghaTanAone teNe AkhyAna ane anya sAhitya svarUpomAM gUthI. temAM teNe svapratimAnA raMga uparAnta sthAnika raMgo paNa caDAvyA, lekarucine Apa paNa tene Apyo. ane e rIte gujarAtane dhArmika ane sAMskArika AkramaNanA prAsa banavAmAMthI bacAvavAmAM potAne phALo Apyo. jIvananAM zAzvata mUlyo ane bhAratIya saMskRtinA amara vArasAne Ama navInatara rIte gAnAra, navo avatAra ApanAra, lekavANImAM rajU karanAra premAnaMde kavi, bhakta kavi, saMtakavi tarIke bhAratIya saMskAritAne TakAvI rAkhavAmAM pitAnuM pradAna karyuM", dharmanA pracArane lAge tene teNe jIvaMta rAkhI. tamAma saMta kavionI sAthe premAnaMdano A leka saMgraha anokho che [sAmIpya : kaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane tenI UMDI asara gujarAtanA sAmAjika ane sAMskArika jIvana para adyaparyaMta rahI che. caiAnya ja kahevAyuM che --"kadAca yogya samaya Ave tyAre pacakranA rAjakIya vasvane teA uthalAvI pAyu` haThAvI zakAya paNa jo dhArmika ane sAMskArika AkramaNanA grAsa banyA te emAMthI bhAgye ja mukta thaI zakAya" saMta kavioe dhama' mAge' ja leAkasaMgraha karavAnu` ane leAkajIvanane navuM baLa ApavAnuM pasaMda kahyu`', emAM premAna nA phALA nAnAsatA nathI. yArAma rAsa, garabI, garabA, padA vagerenA raciyatA bhaktakavi ArAmamAM paNa premalakSaNA bhakti ane Urmisabhara kavitAne subhaga samanvaya thayA che. tene bIjI mIrAM' gujarAtanA hAphrijha; gujarAtanA jayadeva, gujarAtane khAyarana-ema aneka rIte oLakhavAmAM AvyA che. ghaNe aMze narasiMha ane mIrAMne mAge gopIbhAve premalakSaNA bhaktinuM gAna karanAra yArAma mATe yeAgya ja kahevAyuM che ke"yArAma bhakti zRMgAra' athavA 'alaukika zRMgAra', jene bhakti saMpradAya 'bhaktirasa' athavA "madhurarasa' kahe che, tenA kavi che." (becarabhAI paTela) ane tenA prabhAva janasamAja para kevA paDayo te bAbata yAgya ja kahevAyu che ke"mAvabhInI premajharatI, garabInA gAnAra; taMbUrAmAM che|DayA te teA, rajhaNutA uratAra." narasiMhanI karatAla, premAnaMdanI mANa ane chArAmanA ta`bUre gujarAtanA hRdaya para jANe jAdu kayu` che. premAnaMdanI ja mAphaka yArAma asakhya rAgonA svAmI che ane tenAM padezamAM A rAgonuM vaividhya manameAhaka che. kavi tarIke tene biradAvatAM vijayarAya kahe che. "yArAma ArAma che te te tenI garamI vaDe ja, paraMtu tenI ya guhAmAMthI UThatA A padAnA sura paNa tene gujarAtanA bhakta kavionI yazasvI paraMparAnA chellA samatha' pratinidhi Therave che. rAsa, garabA, gara thakI amara khanelA dhyArAma samatha kavi tarIkenI siddhi pAmyA che, kAraNu, te kRSNanA bhakta che, kRSNunI lIlAnA gAnArA che, rAsalIlAthI mugdha che. tenA ja teA zabdo che"rAsalIlAnuM tAtpa` je samaje te te nirdoSatA bhAse cha, alaukika rasarAja zRgAra te gAtAM kAma sana nAme jI.' ane teNe game tevA udhADA zRMgAra vacyarUpe gAyA haiAya, tenA sa`badhA tenI seAnAraNu ziSyA sAthe game te hAya, te yuvAvasthArthI ja antamu khathavA prayatnazIla kavi che. tethI ja te teNe sagAMvahAlAMne lagnanI nA pADI dIdhI! bhaktinA sAcA mA bhaktanI indriyA antarmukha thAya ane hRdayaguhAmAM rata thAya tyAre lAge che, tyAre ja tene sAce mama samajAya che. teNe AthI ja te nikhAlasa bhAve kahyuM che"jo mAhArAMkRta sAmu` tame jozeA, teA Tharaze kharAkharI, ratnaguMja kayama hAya samatAla hu teA raMkane tameA kara.' zyAma rMga samIpe na jAvu mAre Aja thakI zyAma raMga samIpe na jAvu`. jemAM kALAza te sahuM eka sarakhuM sa.mAM kapaTa haze Avu? kastUrInI biMdI te karu' nahI' lalATe AjaLa nA AMkhamAM aMjAvuM, marakata maNane medha dRSNe na jovA jamanAnA nIramAM na nhAvu. dayAnA prItama sAthe mukhethI tema lIdheA mana kahe palaka nA nibhAvu. gujarAtamAM saMtavANI vikAsa] For Private and Personal Use Only [10

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'kRSNanI vAMsaLI kRSNanI geLAne vihavaLa karI mUke- "o vAMsalaDI! veraNa thaI lAgI, vrajanI nArane" ane anya padAmAM potAne "dAsa dayo" ane "bhA sakhI" tarIke oLakhAvanAra dayArAmanI namratA te jue ! huM zuM jANuM je hAle bhujamAM zuM dIThuM, vAre vAre sAmuM bhALe mukha lAge mITha'..." ane bhagavAna kRSNane saudaryathI mugdha dayArAma gAya che-- zobhA salUNa zyAmanI tu jene sakhI ! zobhA salUNuM zyAmanI." A dayArAme paNa dInabhAve prabhune bhayo che, ane tenA dAsabhAva ane mugdhatA sAthe teNe kabaNane paramAtma svarUpe, saguNa brahma rUpe, nIrakhe che." e bhakti zRMgAranI choLo zamatAM dayArAma zaraNAgata bhAva-dIna bhAvanI bhaktinAM zAktarasanAM pade-bhajanomAM jIvane zikhAmaNa Ape che, anta kALe prabhunI dayA pAce che, dAsabhAve bhakti karI le che. bhaktanA Adarza evA ananya bhakta vaiSNa vajana" ke "tAdazIjana"nAM guNa kIrtana kare che." (becarabhAI paTela) 28 varSanI vaye pAkI marajAda lenAra A puSTi mAganA custa anuyAyInI jIvana dRSTi tenAM prArthanA padomAM, nIti ane upadezanAM padomAM savizeSa jovA maLe che. prabhune sarva samarpaNa karanAra nAnI ane bhakta evA dayArAmanAM agatyanAM pratiyAdana A che mAnavane maLe meLe manuSya deha e prabhu parAyaNatA, bhakti ane prabhu prApti mATe ja che; prabhu AtmasamarpaNathI ja maLe che; bhaTakela prakRtinA manane bhagavAnamAM satata sthira karavuM jarUrI che. vAstavamAM rAma ane kRSNa eka ja che; bhagavAnathI vimukha brAhmaNa karatAM bhakta caMDalA caDhiyAta che; vagere. vyArAme sIdhA upadezanAM pade paNa racyAM che. chatAM temaNe vyaMjanA rUpe je jIvana dRSTi ApI che te temaNe Apele aNamola vArase che. prema lakSaNuM bhakti, gopIbhAva, kRSNabhaktinuM gAna karI bhakti mArge gati karavA preratA A mukhya saMta kavio uparAMta jJAnamArge utkaTa zanane mAge gati karanArA kaviono nirdeza paNa ghaDe karI levo joIe. A kavio paikI akho prItamanA pradAnanI noMdha karavI yogya thaze. akhe jIvananA pUrA prADha anubhava sAthe ghaNI moTI vaye kavitA karanAra akhA bhagata gujarAtane virata jJAnamAgI. kevalA pratavAdI kavi ane saMta tarIke jANItA che. guru karavA nIkaLela akhe nirAza thayA. guru karyA meM gorakhanAtha gharaDA baLadane ghAlI nAtha." Akhare vAstavamAM pote potAnA guru banyA. akhAne ke. ha. dhruva "geru vagara bhagavAM dharAvanAra akhAsvAmI" tarIke oLakhe che. teNe svIkArI lIdhuM che ke brahmanA pratyakSa anubhava vinA mAnava je kaI pravRtti kare te mithyA che. jIvananuM carama ane parama dhyeya e te AtmajJAna ja che. AvA pratipAdana mATe akhAe "akhegItA" ane "anubhavabindu' rahyAM che. umAzaMkara kahe che ke "emAM tattvajJAna pote ja kAvya che ke kAvya pote ja tattvajJAna banyuM che." akhA pAse vairAgya ane viraktinI mI che, antadaSTi karI te jIvanmukta dazA prApta karavA prayatnarata che. A vedAnta kavi ziromaNi" mATe ke. kA. zAstrI kahe che. "ane jJAnamArgane svAnubhavi kavi che." A virakta, verAgI, jJAna mAgI", sAdhaka kavine bhulaka saMsAramAMne rasa lupta thaI gayo che. chatAM saMsArI janenAM rUDhiprastatA, dAMbhikatA vagere te khullAM pADe che. A mATe akhAnA cAbakhA jANItA che. te kahe che188]. [sAmIpya : okaTobara, '3-mArca 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jyAM joIe tyAM kUDAkuDa sAme sAmAM beThA ghUDa." che ane "AbhaDa chaTa aMtyajanI jaNI brAhmaNa vaiSNava kIdhA ghaNI, bAre mAsa bhogave beya saune ghera AvI gaI raLa." ane "AMdhaLo sasaro ne saNagaTa vahu kathA sUNuvA cAlyuM hU, sAMbhayu kazu ne samajyA kazu AMkhanuM kAjaLa gAle ghasya." UMcAmAM UMcA nAna, mokSa sAdhanA, vairAgya, tapasvitAnuM gAna karanAra akhAbhagatanA A cAbakhAne udeza paNa saMsArI janone sAcA mArge vALavAno che. manonigraha karIne akhAe te vAsanAne ane ahaMkArane pacAvyAM che, chatAM jagatanA ADaMbarI, kSalaka jIvanamAMthI mAnava UMcA Ave e enI tamannA che. AthI akhegItA, anubhavabindu, chapA, pado vagere gujarAtanA saMskArI ane AdhyAtmika darzana sAmarthyane aNamola vArase che. dharmadanI sAme jhuMbeza AdarIne sAmAjika jIvanane aneka biMdue panAra ane Ama 'acavyA rasane AsvAdaka ane AsvAdapitA che. kavi tarIke 'phisUpha kavi tarIke paNa tenuM sthAna garavuM che. gujarAtanAM cetanA, nIti, saMskAritA, dArzanika sAdhanA vagere khIlavavAmAM tenuM moTuM pradAna che. prItama - prItama prathama tyAgI saMta che, pachI te kavi, leka kavi che. teNe jIvanamAM traNa bhAva saMbaMdha kaHpyA che - Izvara sAthe, guru sAthe, saMta sAthe. ane te gAyA che bhAI, ame bAvA re bhAI bAvA; hAthe mALA, goviMdaguNa gAvA." tenI kAvya sAdhanA e AtmasAdhanA che ane kavi tarIke teno puruSArtha paramArtha lakSI ane mAnavatAbharyo che. ane tarAya tene-- vairAgya, bhakti ane jJAnanI kavitA gAnAra saMtakaviomAM eka gaNanApAtra kavi tarIke jANe che. A saMtakavinuM AdhyAtmika puruSArthane bodha karatuM prasiddha kAvya che. "harino mAraga che zAne, nahIM kAyaranuM kAma jone parathama paheluM mastaka mUkI, vaLatI levuM nAma jene." AdhyAtmika puruSArtha, sAhasa ane khumArInuM gAna karatuM A kAvya anerI preraNuthI sabhara bhayuM cetanavaMtuM pada che. speniza Alocaka havAna maskArIe duniyAnAM uttama bhakti kAvyamAM tenI gaNanA karI che ema sAMbhaLyuM che. samApana saMta kavionA kAvyagAnanI, bhakti tathA vairAgya, dharma ane saMskAritAnAM gAnanI siddhi A che- tatkAlIna samAjanA astitvane, tenI asmitAne navuM baLa ApI pALavA poSavAnuM ane e rIte bhAratIya dharma ane saMskRtinAM mUlyonA baLe samAja ane saMskAritAne TakAvI rAkhavAnuM prazasya kArya kavioe karyuM che. A mATe kavioe vizALa janasamAjane anukuLa ane anurUpa e kRSNabhakti, premalakSaNa prabhu bhakitano mArga mukhyataH pasaMda karyo che. vaya sAthe anubhUti ane jJAna vadhatAM mAnava kaI rIte gopIbhAva, dAsatva dInatAne bhAva, avyabhicAriNI bhakita sAthe kevaLatAM chevaTe AtmasAkSAtkAra ane gujarAtamAM saMtavANIne vikAsa [189 For Private and Personal Use Only

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brahmAnubhUti prati gati kare che te temaNe batAvyuM che. bIjo mukhya mArga che jJAna ane vairAgyane je khUba gavAya che. chatAM vAstavamAM saMtakavionI bAbatamAM mArgo parasparAzramI che. bhakitamArga eTale bhakitapradhAna mAga ane jJAnamArga eTale jJAnapradhAna bhAga temane adhyAtma jJAna prati derI gayo che ane chatAM bhakitanuM gaurava jaLavAyuM che. jJAnamArganA mULamAM paNa cittatranI ekAgratA, brahmamAMnI AsthA te bhakatanA samI ja che ane saMsArathI virakita, prabhuparAyaNatA, Atmanirbha ane AtmasamarSaNa to baMnemAM sarakhAM che. A bhakta kavionuM gAna janasAmAnyane dhaNu vadhu manoraMjaka ane sAthe AtmatkarSa sAdhaka lAgyuM che. jIvana viSenAM navAM zraddhA ane baLa tathA saMskAranuM siMcanAra banyuM che. chatAM jJAna mAgI akhe, prItama vagere pratye pUrA mAna ane zraddhAnA gaMbhIra bhAve vAcake ane zrotAo jue che. temane prabhAva ghaNe aMze e ja che. A saMta kavionAM pitAnAM jIvana paNa ati saMgharSamaya, romAMcaka, tenI pitAnI rIte puruSArtha bhaya banyAM che. virodhanA bhoSaNa vaMToLa ane jhaMjhAvate vacce temaNe daDhatA, aDagatA, svasthatA dAkhavyAM che. saMsArIjanone amRtapAna karAvyuM che. AthI temanAM kathana uparAMta saMtenAM jIvana vilakSaNa preraNA ane anupama Adarza pUro pADanAra banyAM che. bhAratanI ujajavala saMskAra samRddhi ane gujarAtanA sarvadharma samabhAva, hRdayanI vizALatA ane saune sahaja bhAve potAnAmAM samAvI levAnI tatparatA keLavanArA A saMta kavionuM kavana e gujarAta ane bhArata baMnene aNamola vAraso che. temane divya zabdo saMbhaLAyA che ane temane gujarAtanA janasamAjane potAnI vividhatA samRddha vANImAM saMbhaLAvyA che ke manmanA bhava madubhaktaH mayAjIH mAM namaskuru / nivasiSyasi mayyeva ata Urdhva na saMzAyaH // 10] [sAmIkha : okaTobara, '83-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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. je. vidyAbhavanamAM saMgRhIta 'khAkhIvilAsa'nI apragaTa hastapratanA paricaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir rAmabhAI ThA. sAvaliyA bho. je. vidyAbhavanamAM Avela purAvazeSa sagrahamAM sikkAo, zilpakRtio, mRtyAtrA sAthe hajarA hastapratonA sa Mgraha surakSita che. jemAM saskRta, prAkRta, arabI, phArasI, gujarAtI, hiMdI, marAThI, baMgALI hastapratAnAM vigatavAra kaiMTalega paNa prakaTa thayAM che. A hastaprata sa MgrahamAM khAkhIvilAsa' nAmanI traNu hastapratA che. jemAM e mULaprata che ane eka nakala karela che. jemAM prathama prata parigrahaNa kramAMka 6618/841 thI nAMdhAyela che. A prata 26 se.mI. lAMkhI ane 14 se.mI. paheALI che. jemAM 2249 se'.mI.mAM lakhANa che. khIjI hastaprata parigrahaNa kramAMka 2433 thI noMdhAyela che. A prata 27 se.mI. lAMkhI ane 17 se.mI. paheALI che. jemAM 21x12 se.mI.mAM lakhANa che. jyAre trIjI hastaprata parigrahaNu naM. 954 thI nAMdhAyela che je mULa pratAmAMthI amuka vigatAnI nakala karela che. je 18 X 14 se. mI. lAMkhI paheALI che. A hastapratAnA lakhANumAM bhASA jUnI gujarAtI ane lipi hiMdI che. khAkhIvilAsa'nA mULa kartA kevalarAma che. A lekhaka amadAvAdanA rAjapura tulasInI pALamAM rahetA hatA ane vaDanagaranA nAgara gRhastha kezavanA putra hatA. dastAvejomAMthI A lekhakanA vazanI mAhitI maLe che. te mujaba kRSNajInA putra kevalarAma. kevalarAmanA cAra dIkarA sAbhArAma, sevakarAma, AtirAma ane sadArAma. uttamarAma ane tenA putra narasiMharAma. vistAramAM Avela keTalAka hastalikhita kezavajI tenA putra seAbhArAmanA putra For Private and Personal Use Only kevalarAme 'bAbIvilAsa'nA lekhanakAryanA AraMbha sa. 1875, zrAvaNu vadI 2, guruvAre (I. sa. 1819, 9 julAI-kArttikAdi pUrNimAnta pramANe) karyAnA nirdeza che. jyAre uttamarAme (kevalarAmane pautra) saM. 1926 (I. sa. 1870) peASa vada 4 te budhavAranA rAja kevalarAmanI hAjarImAM rAdhanapuranA navAba bisamillAkhAnanI hAjarImAM bAbIvilAsa' graMtha pragaTa karela ane uttamarAmanuM mRtyu vi. saM. 193 (I. sa. 1881)mAM thatAM tenA putra narasiharAme A kAya che. I. sa. 1892 sudhI cAlu rAkhyuM hAvAnu jaNuAya che. A narasiMharAme bAbIvilAsanI nakala paNa karI hovAnuM jaNAya che. uttamarAma paNa rAjapuramAM rahetA hatA, paraMtu te vistAra ujjaDa thatAM sa 1907 (I. sa. 1841) poSa kRSNapakSa 13 nA rAja khADiyA vistAranA hiMgaLAka joSInI poLamAM rahevA AvyA hatA. dhruvalarAmane khAkhI navAba serakhAna urphe bahAdurakhAne bAkhI tAbAnA gAma dITha 1 kArI peDhI ra peDhI mahenatANuM karI Apela. te pachI uttamarAma kavine jorAvarakhAna jyAre vIsanagaranI hakUmata upara hatA tyAre jIvAI mATe gAma lakhI Apela. paraMtu pachIthI A vistAra gAyakavADa sarakAranA tAbAmAM javAthI Avakanu kAI sAdhana na rahetA narasiMharAme navAbanA sAlIyANAmAMthI prAphA bAMdhI ApavAnI mAMgaNI karatA patra chellA navAba kamAlunikhAnane lakhela. tenI mULa hastalikhita patra paNa surakSita che. * adhyApaka, bho. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda . je. vidyAbhavanamAM saMgRhita 'khAkhIvilAsa'nI apragaTa hastaprataneA paricaya] [ 191

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prathama hastaprata (66 18/841)mAM kula 119 pRSTha che. uparAMta 13 pRSTha bAbIvaMzanA sUbAonI yazogAthA varNavatAM alaga che. A pratamAM anukramaNi pramANe 119 ghaTanAonuM varNana ApeluM che. A pratamAM 800 copAI, 268 dehA, 39 chaMdamUjaga, 20 soraThA vagere rUpe varNana karela che. - pratanI zarUAtamAM bAbIvaMzanA pUrvajonI nAmAvalI ApI che. A vaMzamAM prathama hajarata murtajA ali thayA. tenA pachI imAma husena thayA, je saiyada kuLanA hatA. saiyada ImAmathI jainula AbAdI thayA. saiyada ImAma bAkara(braka)thI jAphara thayA. saiyada rajAkhatIne koI vArasa na hato mI umarane putra garI(ghorI) saiyada kuLane hato. tene putra mahamada ImAmuddIna-manasUra thayA. tAlane tyAM gAlIba saiyada abu bakara. saiyada mahaMmadanA putra bAbI saiyada je paThANane ghera rahevAthI "paThANa" tarIke oLakhAyA. IyAtakhAnanA usmAnakhAna, abadula rahIma, arakhAna, karamakhAna, AdilakhAna, usmAnakhAna ema vaza thayA. A usmAnakhAna humAyu sAthe hiMdustAna AvyA. usmAnakhAnanA kuLamAM bahAdurakhAna thayA. emaNe gujarAtamAM AvI bAbI vaMza sthApyo. tyAra bAda tenA vaMzajoe jUnAgaDha, rAdhanapura, pAlanapura, kaDI, bAMTavA, vADAsInAra vagere sthaLoe pitAnI jAgIra sthApIne svataMtra vahIvaTa karyA. uparAMta gujarAtanA sUbAne rAjakIya madada karavAnI kAmargIrI karI tenI vistRta vigate ApelI che. A pratamAM rAjakIya itihAsa uparAMta sAMskRtika itihAsamAM bAbIonA nAmakaraNa saMskAra vidhi lagna saMbaMdhe, vivAha, dAna, samAja kalyANanI pravRttio vagere vize paNa vigatavAra mAhitI maLe che. A pratanI chelI dhaTanAmAM jorAvarakhAna ane dAmAjI gAyakavADa vacce visanagaramAM laDAI thaI, jemAM jorAvarakhAna mRtyu pAmyA ne tene visanagaramAM bAbIpurAmAM daphanavyiA hatA. tyAra bAda dAmAjI sAthe najadIkhAnane pATaNa pAse laDAI thaIjyAM dAmAjI hAryAM. A laDAI aDhAra mahinA cAlI hatI. bAbI vilAsanI bIjI hastaprata naM. 2433 thI noMdhAyela che. A pratamAM kula 218+13= 231 pRSTha che. AmAM anukramaNinA pRSTha 1 thI 7 che. te pachI lakhANa pR. 41 thI zarU thAya che. AgaLanAM pAnAM kerAM che. pR. 41 thI 106 sudhInuM je lakhANa che te prata 6618 mAMthI utAro karela che. jenI neMdha anukramaNimAM karelI che. pR. 107 thI 128 sudhI rAdhanapura bAbAonI vigato varNavelI che. A hastapratanA pAchaLanA bhAgamAM pR. 1 thI 13 pAnAomAM bAMTavA, rANapura ane vADAsinoranA bAbAonI vigato che. Ama "bAbI vilAsa" hastapratamAM bAbIvaMzanA pUrvajothI mAMDIne nAnA bAbI garAso aMgenI mAhitI tema ja temanA sAmAjika rIta-rivAjo vizenI ti racaktiAnA vaMza temanA raheThANa tathA temanI kauTuMbika sthiti vizenI ghaNI upayogI mAhitI maLe che. 192] ( [ sAmIpya: okaTobara, '93-mArca, 1994 For Private and Personal Use Only

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banAnApUra varSemadhavatisarAtApAnamanImarasa pAramubhAtAvarayA mAzAmAtInAnAthAyAvayAdarAmaharAtasaravalIlayAnAlAsarasAptAdharApamAnahAlatarAmaempa zAyArAvimAtaMgamayarakAzAvAsamaMgalakavidhinAnimiDasAvamA kAnAvarAvazatAgasarAsaratAvAsAnasAvarahaVANHIGeayamAASSION satkArAlAmAmayaprAyanavAjA AAPAipAsakAkArahanakAla karAma vanavauTHAN THAZRAlarasama 4 BORORSsarAmacalAnAmAnAlAyAmalALMIND mAyAmApAzarAbaramAgamAdAgArAmamahA T HAKTANHARITRAANTERASRAN SugarsadnaketORIEmaravatamA lAlAciaMERbhanyamARAYAN MAHARAamaTAyAFiADATNDEDEOS TRE15samajataTaraatnagi yAHBEHANICsalinA MoEERIENCUSSAINDvsaste 123592gImAmaIRakes HOMmAmAmU RADHERAPHERCIAnamancAsArAmabApA la eRDARAHEOS sAtArA 0-11-sInA MERORISISTEPATaOAR tyayA lARIISHETUSTRIAsamakA la namAna SANSARENThan NSAASIC SCENEPARA J ayaranAbha ANDERSTANdAza NAVBHARJHISCLAR A RIARI kaTAEiPSMEENA SSORIALSITERHIRKESTAsA MictsANDA- IACIASPETENG-rIdazAdara PREMORRHEMLAToyamAna withoracia7493RSIO.yAsirpnA TAITARA K HILDERLENEPALI DA Y S AdhArAyalA havA CHAC2RImAravAyAhineHARACTERSNEHARISHITANSENHERE HaudiyaHiHATER BASISAMAJBHATTISEARVASNELKATHORETARIA NAgle SAKSADHAKICHIHITSOCIETRO-20 TRENSEGAJAR AT bavAlamAmalajamA KARISARKARJulachsamatalAra ra lA MAAORSuccsUCERENSAR sAlalATMayASJIRAOPASA salamaFACTORS A ACURIORRIER HEREnAma greativeAMI RanedarasAyarA peritagrat mA uishes SHRIRACHODAALA PRINCE JOAN For Private and Personal Use Only HVEL128 Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra modaja gAma (mahemadAvAda)nI prAcIna vAvano zilAlekha | (samajUti mATe juo pI. sI. parIkha ane bhAratI zelatana lekha )