Gujaratno Itihas

Author(s): Maulana Saiyad Abu Jafar Nadvi
Publisher: Gujarat Vidyasabha
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032051/1

Page #1
emaNu hAjI sulemAna zAhamahamada ledhiyA graMthamALAAMka 11 gujarAtano itihAsa [AryonA AlamanathI lai susalamAnonA humalA sudhI ] lekhaka gA. mAlAnA saiyada abu jhaphara nadavI arakhInA adhyApaka--mA. je. vidyAbhavana umAMthI anuvAdaka trA. DaoN. TubhAI ra. nAyaka, ema. e., pIeca. DI. phArasInA adhyApaka----bhA. je. vidyAbhavana gujarAta vidyAsabhA : amadAvAda

Page #2
prakAzaka jeThAlAla jI. gAMdhI sahAyaka maMtrI, gujarAta vidyAsabhA bhadra, amadAvAda mudraNa 19 prata 2000 * * I. sa. 1949 vi. saM. 2005 kImata sabhyo mATe eka rUpiyo anya mATe be rUpiyA mudraka jayaMtI ghelAbhAI dalAla vasaMta mudraNAlaya, dhokAMTA, amadAvAda

Page #3
memaNa hAi sulemAna zAhamahamada lodhiyA graMthamALAne paricaya asalamAna DemamAM sAMsArika rItarivAjomAM sudhAro thAya, nItinI vRddhi thAya ane sAmAnya jJAna tathA vidyAne pracAra thAya evAM pustako inAma ApI racAvavA mATe kAThiyAvADanA dhorAjI gAmanA vatanI ane vepAra arthe dakSiNa AphrikAnA kepaTAunamAM rahetA tathA "pRthvI pradakSiNA" nAmanA pustakanA kartA memaNa hAjI sulemAna zAhamahamada ledhiyAe rU. 2500)nI traNa TakAnI sarakArI, promisarI noTa sana 1903 mAM sosAyaTI hastaka soMpI hatI. phaMDanI AvakamAM kAyamano vadhAro thAya e mATe sosAyaTIe e ja sAlamAM sadarahu noTa vecI enAM amadAvAda myunisipAliTInA savAcAra TakAnAM rU. 2200)nAM Dibencaro lIdhAM che. enA vyAjamAMthI memaNa hAjI sulemAna zAhamahamada lodhiyA graMthamALA"nA nAmathI Aja sudhImAM nIce pramANe pustaka racAvI sosAyaTIo chapAvI prasiddha karyA che: pustaka ' lekhaka kIMmata 1. musalamAnI rAjakIya temaja vidyA saMbaMdhI caDatIno ItihAsa ane temanI paDatInAM kAraNe mahebUbamiyAM ImAmabakSa kAdarI 0-2-0 2. islAmanI bharatI oTa nanAmiyAM rasUlamiyAM

Page #4
3. sara saiyada ehamadanuM jIvanacaritra mahebUbamiyAM ImAmabakSa kAdarI 0-8-0 4. mirAte sikaMdarI AtmArAma me. dIvAnajI 1-0-0 5. ayAmAM amIramiyAM hamadUmiyAM phArUkI 0.100 6. mirAte ahamadI va. 2. khaMDa 1 dI. ba. kRSNalAla me. jhaverI 7. khaMDa 2 8. khaMDa 3 , , khaMDa 4 1-0-0 10. gujarAtIoe lakhelA phArasI graMtha 1--0 11. gujarAtane itihAsa saiyada abu jhaphara nadavI 2-0-0 gujarAta vidyAsabhA | jeThAlAla jIvaNalAla gAMdhI amadAvAda, tA. 5-4-49 sahAyaka maMtrI

Page #5
lekhakanA be bola S I. sa. 1921mAM gujarAta rASTriya vidyApITha, amadAvAdamAM Avyo te pachI thoDA samayamAM purAtatva maMdira tyAM kholavAmAM AvyuM. tenA sabhAsado taraphathI gujarAtane eka vigatavAra ItihAsa urdU, phArasI, tuka, saMskRta, hiMdI, gujarAtI, marAThI, phenca, picugIjha ane aMgrejI graMthane AdhAre lakhavAnuM nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM. IslAmI jhabAnonuM kAma mane suprata karavAmAM AvyuM. meM tene mATe sAmagrI jamA karavAnuM zarU karyuM. ane e kAma mATe hiMdustAna uparAMta, arabastAna, sIriyA ane konsTanTine palanA mazahUra lekhake sAthe patravyavahAra zarU karyo. konsTanTinopalanA keTalAka mitroe saMkhyAbaMdha akhabAromAM enA upara lekha lakhyA. ItihAsanA keTalAka prophesaroe mArI sAthe sIdhe patravyavahAra karyo. paraMtu I. sa. 1928 mAM e khAtuM Arthika muzkelIone laIne pragati karI zakayuM nahi. te samaya daramiyAna "tArIkhe gujarAta" (gujarAtanA ItihAsanI)nI jeTalI kitAba meM vAMcI temAMthI mane jaNAyuM ke dareka graMthakAre potAnA samaya parvatanA banAvone samAveza karyo che. te uparAMta urdU jhabAnamAM koI saMpUrNa tArIkha Aja paryatanI lakhavAmAM AvI nathI. tethI svAbhAvika rIte ja mane te pUrI karavAno khyAla AvyuM. A khyAla AvatAM ja aMgata muzkelIo temaja

Page #6
mArA oppAnI pharaje hevA chatAM meM mAruM dhyAna e upara kendrita karyuM. ane khudAne AbhAra mAnuM chuM ke Aje eno prathama bhAga vAcakenI AgaLa piza karavAno garva huM anubhavuM chuM. bIjA bhAgamAM gujarAtanA bAdazAhe ! vaze, trIjAmAM mogala saltanata, ane cothAmAM marAThAo pachI briTiza saltanatane hevAla Avaze. prathama bhAgamAM mULa kitAbanI zarUAta pahelAM eka prastAvanA che jemAM bhaugolika bAbato uparAMta saMkhyAbaMdha upayogI hakIkato lakhI che. gujarAtI bhASAnI pragati upara eka svataMtra prakaraNa lakhAyuM che je mArA priya zArgida zrI. naraharilAla bhaTTa, snAtaka (bI. e.)ne lakhelo che. mArI enI IcchA hatI. ke urdU jhabAna upara paNa eka lekha aMdara zAmela karuM. mane dilagIra thAya che ke Aja paryata emAM kAmiyAbI hAMsila na thaI cAlu jamAnAnA itihAsanA niyamone dhyAnamAM rAkhI hareka jarUrI bAbata samAvavAnI meM koziza karI che. gujarAtanA itihAsanI zarUAta jAdava khAnadAnathI zarU karavAmAM AvI che, paraMtu asala tArIkha gujaronA vakhatathI zarU thAya che. valabhIpurano ahevAla vigatavAra lakhyo che, ane valabhIpuranA vinAza ane arabanA humalA vize. saMpUrNa saMzodhana karyuM che. araba musApharonAM sapharanAmAMmAMthI je ahevAlo maLyA che temano pUro phAyado uThAvavAmAM Avyo che. geramuslima rAjyakartAo vizenI hakIkata jANI joIne meM TUMkamAM lakhI che, kAraNa ke e mAro asala IrAdo na hato. alabatta IslAmI phateheno ahevAla vigatavAra lakhyo che. keTalIka saMbaMdha vinAnI bAbato paNa AvI gaI che, te etihAsika jJAnanA khyAlathI nIcenI noMdhamAM samAvI che. khusarakhAna ane devaLadevInI hakIkate jarA vistRta rIte lakhI che tenuM kAraNa e ke baMne gujarAtI hatAM. 1, A bhAga paNa pUrepUro taiyAra thaI gayuM che, ane have trIjo bhAga lakhI rahyo chuM.

Page #7
khalajI samayanI koIpaNa ImArata Aja paryata gujarAtamAM na maLI. paraMtu taghalakanA samayanI saMkhyAbaMdha ImArato mojUda che. sikkAne paNa khAsa khyAla rAkhavAmAM Avyo che, ane hareka bAdazAhanA samayanA sikkAnI hakIkata A graMthamAM mojuda che. mAre evo dAvo nathI ke A tArIkha saMpUrNa che ane bhUlothI mukta che. balka saMbhavita che ke mArAM keTalAMka saMzodhanamAM cUka hoya. paraMtu vAMcakene huM khAtrI ApuM chuM ke bane teTale aMze banAvo ane sAlanI ekasAI upara dhyAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che. te chatAM huM InsAna chuM ane huM kamajJAnavALo vidyAthI chuM. vAMcakone mArI vinaMti che ke je kaMI mArI bhUla jaNAya te mane jJAnanA AzrayI tarIke jaNAve jethI huM bIjI AvRttimAM te durasta karI zakuM. abu jhaphara kitAbanI vizeSatA (1) gujarAtanI hAlanI bhaugolika hAlata lakhI che je Aje to gujarAta bahAranA leke mATe ane se varasa pachI sArA hiMdustAna mATe behada upayogI thaze. gujarAtI bhASA upara vigatavAra lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. jeo gujarAtI bhASAnA itihAsathI vAkepha nathI temane mATe e vadhu AkarSaka che. hareka jAtanI gaNatrI ekaThI karavAmAM AvI che. bhaviSyanA itihAsakArone eka jagyAethI maLI jaze, jene pariNAme teo muzkelImAMthI bacI jaze. valabhIpura vize hAlanA dRSTibiMduthI lakhavAmAM AvyuM che, jethI tenI asala hAlatane andAja maLI jAya che. rASTrakUTa ane anya rAjAonA samayamAM araba musApharo AvyA hatA. ane temaNe je kaMI teo vize lakhyuM che (2)

Page #8
te tamAma meM te rAjAonA vRttAtemAM samAvyuM che, jethI karIne temanA vizenI hakIkata upara kAphI prakAza paDe. e sAmAnya gujarAtanI tArIkhomAM maLatI nathI, paraMtu masaudI, salamAna, abulahasana IstamarI Ibna hekala, bIrUnI, Inta nadIma, jAmeula hikAyAta, ane mArkopolo vageremAM maLe che. (6) meM somanAtha vize eTaluM vigatavAra lakhyuM che ke Aja paryata enAthI vadhu vistRta rIte keIe lakhyuM nathI. (7) hareka bAdazAhanA samayanA sikkAnI hakIkata paNa ApI che je uparathI temanA nAma ane IlkAba jANavA maLe che, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu ghaNIvAra tenI sAla uparathI temanI takhtanazInI ane avasAnanI tArIkha paNa maLI jAya che. urdU, phArasI, arabI, aMgrejI ane gujarAtI bhASAnA ItihAsamAM je koI khoTA banAvono ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che temane AdhAro sahita radiyo ApI sAcI hakIkato jaNAvI che. (9) A ktiAba hareka jagyAe sikkA, zilAlekho ane arvAcIna saMzodhanamAMthI phAyado uThAvI lakhavAmAM AvI che. (10) gujarAtanA nAjhimo vize ghaNuM ja saMzodhana karI lakhavAmAM AvyuM che e sAmAnya tArIkhomAM eka ja jagyAe maLI zake ema nathI. (8)

Page #9
9 gujarAtane itihAsa taiyAra karavAmAM nIcenAM pustakAnI madada me lIdhI che phArasI pustakA arI pustakA 1 masAlikula asAra bhA. 2 misara 2 sapharanAmA, Ibna batUtA 3 jhephalavAlA, laMDana 4 tArIkhe masaudI, misara 5 suhula A'zA, misara e huM sapharanAma musI, misara 7 sapharanAmae salamAna sairASTrI. perisa 8 tArIkhe balAjharI, misara azAhI 9 3 jhanUna 10 kitAbula hiMda vasasina, perisa 11 mukhtasarvala 12 sapharanAmae Ibna hAla, lIDana 17 sapharanAmae stakharI,misara 14 Ibna khaladUna misara 15 ajAImula hiMdu, perisa 16 kitAbula phaharista, Ine nadIma, misara 17 tArIkha-alakAmila Ibna asIra 18 tArIkhe takharI 19 kitAbula hinda, alakhIranI, lIDana tabakAte akabarI 1 2 phariztA 3 tArIkhe annIpha sirAja 4 tArIkhe jhiyA khanI 5 tArIkhe ranaheArajI, hastalikhita 6 riyAjhusa salAnIna 7 AIne akabarI 8 takhAte nAsirI 9 jAmela hikAyAMta phI, hastalikhita 10 mirAte ahamadI 11 tArIkhe irAna, jahona mAlkama 12 tArIkhe badAyUnI urdU pustakA 1 tArIkhe pAlanapura 2 mirAte mehammadI 3 tArIkhe hindu, jhakAullAha sAheba 4 sapharanAma e mArkApAle 5 muma e davalarAnI khisrakhAna 6 khilAphata aura hiMdustAna cha tArIkhe hAzimI 8 hayAte sA'dI 9 zela ajama 10 tamadaMta hinda 11 rasAI le zinlI

Page #10
12 yAde ayyAya 13 edhamatI hiMda 14 akula kurAna 15 tArIkhe arae kadIma 16 tArIkhe gAjarAta 17 saranAma e hUMga siyAMga, cInI musAphara gujarAtI pustakA 1 karaNa ghela 2 rAsamALA 3 gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa 10 4 gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsa goviMdajI hAthIbhAI desAI agrejI pustakA 1 kheAe gejheTiyara 2 kAThiyAvADa gejheTiyara 3 iliyaTa sAhebanA hiMdustAnane RtihAsa 4 gujarAta gejheTiyara saMskRta pustaka 1 raNamAlA 2 zatruMjaya tIrthAM prabandha

Page #11
anukramaNikA pR. 3-66 ) vanaspati 9 upadughAta sImA vastI vistAra gujarAtanA kinArA akhAto bhUzira ( 2 gujarAtanuM anAja 15 gujarAtanAM jAnavara 15 gujarAtanAM khanIje 16 gujarAtane hunnara udyoga 17 2 TApuo 8 vepAra 20 6 8 - - pahADa nadIo sarovare raNa gujarAtanI AbohavA ane mosame 10 varasAda havAkhAvAnA sthaLe nahera vahevAranAM sAdhano jAto ane temano vasavATa 20 gujarAtI bhASA ane keLavaNI 21 garabA sAhitya - 34 gujarAtI bhASAnA prakAro 35 gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa 36 gujarAtI padA gujarAtanA vatanIonA dharmo 50 gujarAtanA rAjakIya vibhAga 51 dezI rajavADAM pedAza

Page #12
12 75 ra. 73 prakaraNa paheluM: hiMduone samaya 5 67-181 AryonuM rAjya 67 cAlu gujarAtanuM asalI nAma 67 valabhIpuranuM rAjya 77 jAdava vaMza valabhIpurano vinAza - 92 maurya vaMza rASTrakUTa 109 grIka gujarAtanA rASTrakUTa 111 trikUTaka vaMza cAvaDA vaMza 122 gujara praja selaMkI vaMza 138 mahera vaMza | vAghelA vaMza 177 prakaraNa bIju musalamAnone saMbaMdha pR. 182219 arabastAna ane hiMdustAna Agamana 192 vacce purANusamayano saMbaMdha 182 mahimmada kAsimanI hakIkata 198 hiMdamAM musalamAnonuM siMdhatI hakUmatanuM khyAna 204 prakaraNa trIjuM musalamAnenA humalA pR229-20 mahamUda gajhanavI gerI khAnadAna 285 seminAtha pATaNa (zahera) 224 gorInI hAranAM kAraNo 289 somanAtha maMdira 227 zihAbuddIna mahammada gujarAta ane saurASTra upara gorInA sikkA caDAI karavAnAM kAraNo 236 mahamUda gajhanavInI ravAnagI 2para gArIonI vaMzAvaLI bhImadevanI hAranI kAraNe 276 kubuddIna aI beka 294 hiMdamAM mahamUdI sikkA 283 sulatAnagiyAsuddInabalabana 310 220 292 293

Page #13
gujarAtano ItihAsa bhAga pahelo

Page #14

Page #15
upaladUdhAta sImA - uttaramAM mAravADa, mevADa, sirohI, kacachanuM raNa ane aravallI parvatane keTaloka bhAga dakSiNamAM-thANA, nAsika (mahArASTra) pUrvamAM-vAMsavADA, khAnadeza (mALavA) pazcimamAM-arabI samudra, kaccha akhAta, siba. gujarAta prAMta hiMdustAnanI pazcima dizAmAM Avelo che. enA be bhAga che. eka dIpakalpane bhAga che eTale ke enI traNa bAjU pANI ane eka bAju jamIna che; e saurASTra ke kAThiyAvADanA nAmathI oLakhAya che. bIjA bhAganI cAre bAjue jamIna che. dvIpakalpane bhAga arabI samudramAM Avelo che. e arabastAnanA umAna prAMtanI lagabhaga sAme ane siMdhanI nIce Avelo che. bIjA bhAganI dakSiNanI hada DAMga ane vAMsadAnAM rAjyo sudhI che. (kAraNa ke ahIM gujarAtI bhASA bolAya che. narmadA nadInA kinArAthI mAMDI uttara sudhI pahADanI eka hAra jAya che je aravallI ane viMdhyAcala parvatone joDe che. e gujarAtanI pUrva ane uttaranI sarahado che ane ene mALavA mevADa ane sAravADathI judo pADe che. kacchanA akhAta ane kacchanuM raNa enI pazcima ane vAyavyamAM AvelAM che. arabI samudra ane khaMbhAtane akhAta enI nityanI hada che. je pahADa gujarAtanA IzAna taraphanI hada vadhe che tenI zAkhAo A prAMtanA aMdasnA bhAgamAM phelAyelI che; ane ene laIne keTalAka bhAgo khADATekarAvALA thayA che. pahADe ane khINomAM gADha jaMgalo che ane e jaMgalomAMthI ghaNuM nadIo nIkaLe che, jenA kinArAo upara ghaNuM UMDAM ketare, cidAra ghATIo ane pahADo AvelAM che. gujarAtanI AjanA samayanI (I.sa. 1948)nI A sImA che. gujarAtanA rAjAo ane sulatAnonA samayamAM enA

Page #16
4] gujarAtano ItihAsa rAjakIya vistAramAM je vadhaghaTa thatI rahI tene AgaLa ullekha karavAmAM Avaze. vastI-A prAMtanI vastI lagabhaga 1 karoDa jeTalI che. emAM 20 meTAM zahero ane 5000 gAme che. musalamAnonI vastI 2 thI kaMIka vadhAre che, eTale ke 17 lAkha jeTalI che. vistAra-enuM kSetraphaLa 74000 corasa mAIla che. uttara dakSiNa enI laMbAI 320 mAIla che ane pUrva pazcima pahoLAI 360 mAIla che. - gujarAtanA kinArA -gujarAtane kacchathI mAMDI thANuM sudhIne kinAre che. emAM ghaNuM akhAno che temaja puSkaLa baMdare. che. e hAlamAM paNuM upayogamAM Ave che. mAMDavI, dvArakA, jAmanagara, porabaMdara, mAMgaroLa, verAvaLa, keDInAra, dIva, jApharAbAda, bhAvanagara, khaMbhAta, bharUca, damaNa ane Dumasa baMdare che. keTalIka jagyAomAM phakta nAnAM nAnAM jahAje jAya che ane beTA haraphara. kare che, paraMtu bAkInAM tamAma je asala baMdaro hatAM te aMgreja sarakAre rAjakIya phAyadA khAtara baMdha karI dIdhelAM che. akhAte:-khaMbhAtano akhAta ane kacchanA akhAta. gujarAtamAM dAkhala thavAnA sAta rastA che - ' (1) Abu parvatanI khINu-jyAMthI sAdhAraNa rIte Aryo ane gujara AvyA hatA, ane mahamUda gajhanavI vageree caDAI karI hatI. (2) kacchano akhAtaH-jyAMthI grIka loko AvyA hatA. (3) kacchanuM raNu-je bAjuthI mahamUda gajhanavI pAcho gayA hatA ane mahamada ghorI AvyA hatA. - (4) khaMbhAtano akhAta -jemAM thaIne araba vepArIo AvyAM hatA. (5) khAnadeza-A bAju mehamada taghalakha dakSiNamAM thaIgujarAtamAM Avyo hato.

Page #17
bhAga 1 lA-upAghdhAta (6) nadAH--marAThA ahIMthI gujarAtamAM AvyA. (7) DuMgarapuranI khINamAMthI pasAra thaI meADAsA thaI jyAMthI alAuddIna khalajInA samayamAM ulUgakhAna gujarAtamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. bhUzira:--gujarAta prAMtamAM asaMkhya bhUzirA che; paraMtu meTAmAM mATuM bhUzira noMdha levA jevuM mAtra dvArakA che. [ pa TApuoH-upara kahI gayA pramANe gujarAta prAMtanA e bhAga che: ekanA saMbaMdha jamIna sAthe che ane bIjo samudrane maLe che. A khIjA bhAganI hada purANI jamAnAmAM bahu ja dUra sudhI phelAyelI hatI; paraMtu ene samudre kApI kApI hAlanI hada sudhI ANI mUkI che, je kAraNathI nAnA meTA puSkaLa TApuo ane dvIpakalpe pedA thayA. hAlamAM gujarAtanA TApue nIce pramANe cheH-- pIrama, sulatAnapura, kutbapura, dIva, za kheAddhAra, siyALa, damaNa, AmAMnA dIva ane damaNa pATugIjho (kira`gI)nA kabajAmAM che, zakhAdvAra vaDAdarA rAjyanA hAtha nIce che. dIvaneA TApu 8 mAIla lAMkhe| ane 2 mAila paheALA che, temAM 8 gAma AvelAM che. tyAM raMganuM kAma suMdara thAya che. damaNamAM ghauM, ceAkhA, ane tamAku sArAM pAke che. bAkInA TApue sarakAranA tAbAmAM che. AkhA saurASTra eka dvIpakalpa che, je pazcima gujarAtamAM sauthI meATe che. surata ane bharUcamAM paNa nAnA nAnA dhaNA dvIpakalpo AvelA che, je vize kaMi khAsa lakhavA jevuM nathI, pahADA:--je pramANe gujarAtane pazcima bhAga pANIthI gherAyelA che te pramANe IzAna khUNAnA bhAga pahADAthI bharAyelA che jenI judI judI zAkhAo aMdaranA bhAgamAM phelAyelI che, je nIce pramANe cheH aqhudAcala ke Abune pata, (2) viMdhyAcaLanA pa`ta, (3) jamIla ke gIrA parvata, (4) baraDAne pata, (5) siddhAcaLa ke zetruMjo, (6) IDaranA, (7) pAvAgaDha (cAMpAnera)nA, (8) luNAvADAnA (vidhyAcaLanI zAkhA), (9) rAjapIpaLAnA, (10)

Page #18
* ] gujarAtanA itihAsa coTIlA, (11) mAMDavadhAra, (zvara) giranAra, (13) ArAsura, (14) sAtapuDA. mirAte ahamadImAM khIjA e pahADAnAM nAma ApavAmAM AvyAM che : esama ane kuphA. paraMtu A baMne pahADe. nakazAmAM jovAmAM AvatA nathI. AmAMnA esama mAtarIne pahADa saurASTramAM dhArAjI najIka che. kuphA e kAyalA sa~bhave che, je kharaDAthI pazcimamAM dariyA mAMDe che. coTIlA ane mAMDavadhATanAM nAma mirAte ahamadImAM nathI. keTalAka patA vize TUMkAmAM vigataH (1) AbuH--uttara gujarAtamAM AvelA che ane e 5600 z2ITa UMcA che. tyAM delavADAnAM jainenAM derAM jovA lAyaka che. (2) ArAmue paNa gujarAtanA izAna khUNAmAM Avela che. tyAMnuM aMbA bhavAnImAtAnuM deruM prakhyAta che. A parvatamAMthI ArasapahANa nAmanA sapheda paththara nIkaLe che. (3) pAvAgaDhaH--e pavanagaDha kahevAya che. e SaMcamahAla jillAmAM AvelA che. e 2500 phITa UMcA che. enA upara kAlikA mAtA (kALakA mAtA)nuM deruM che. leAkA tyAM jAtrAe jAya che. tyAMthI leTTu nIkaLe che; temaja meMgenIjha dhAtu paNa nIkaLe che, je kAca banAvavAnA kAmamAM bahu ja upayAgI che. (4) rAjapIpaLAnAH--A sAtapuDA nAmanA parvatanI zAkhA che. jUnA jamAnAmAM e uparanAM jaMgalamAMthI hAthIenAM DhALAM puSkaLa pakaDavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. ahIMthI akIkanA paththara nIkaLe che. (5) IDaranAH "A paNa viMdhyAcaLanA uttara taraphanA bhAganI zAkhA che. (6) zetruMjoH--saurASTramAM pAlitANA pAse AvelA che. tyAMnAM jainAnAM derAM prakhyAta che. e 2500 phITa UMcA che. (7) giranAra:enI taLeTImAM jUnAgaDha AveluM che. ahIM paNa

Page #19
bhAga 1 -upadyAta nenAM maMdira che. enI UMcAI 3500 phITa che. enI taLeTImAM mahAna azaka rAjAe kotarAvelA prakhyAta zilAlekha che. (8) gIra-saurASTranI dakSiNe AveluM che. e siMha mATe prakhyAta che. hiMdustAnamAM A sivAya bIjA koI paNa sthaLe siMha jovAmAM AvatA nathI. (9) baraDera-e porabaMdara pAse AveluM che. e nAnA nAnA DuMgarAone baneluM che. ahIMthI lAkhaMDa nIkaLe che. vaLI tyAM vAMsanAM meTAM jaMgala che. gujarAtanI IzAnamAM AvelA parvate-Abu, pAvAga (cAMpAnera), ArAsura, luNAvADA, iDara, viMdhyAcaLa, rAjapIpaLAne ane sAtapuDe. nitya gujarAta eTale ke saurASTramAM AvelA pavane - ceTIlo, baraDo, giranAra, gIra, zetruje, mAMDavadhAra, sama, koyala. nadIe gujarAtanA pahADo IzAna khUNAmAM AvelA che, tethI kudaratI rIte tyAMnI jeTalI nadIo che te sarva netratya tarapha vahe che ane arabI samudrane maLe che. enI cha nadIonuM savistara varNana enAM mULa ane mukha sAthe nIce pramANe che : (1) sarasvatI -e uttara gujarAtamAM aravallI parvatamAMthI nIkaLI kacchanA raNamAM adazya thAya che. sarasvatIne kinAre siddhapura ane pATaNa AvelAM che. (2) banAsaH--mevADamAM AvelI aravallInI parvatamALAmAMthI nIkaLI pAlaNapuranA rAjyamAMthI pasAra thaI kacchanA raNamAM adazya thAya che. banAsanA kinArA upara ja rAdhanapura AveluM che. (3) sAbaramatI -aravallInI parvatamALAmAMthI nIkaLI khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM paDe che. enA kinArA upara amadAvAda ane sAdarA AvelAM che. enI laMbAI 200 mAIla che. (4) mAhI-e mahendra parvata ezle ke mALavAnA DuMgaramAMthI

Page #20
gujarAtano ItihAsa nIkaLI khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM paDe che. enI laMbAI 325 mAIla che. luNAvADA ane khaMbhAta enA kinArA upara AvelAM che. A nadImAM kALA paththara vadhAre pramANamAM jovAmAM Ave che ane guja. satamAM to enA kinArAnA najIkanA pradezomAM moTAM bhayAnaka vAMghAM AvelAM che. - (5) nAmadAra-e viMdhyAcaLa parvatanA amarakaMTaka nAmanI zAkhAmAMthI nIkaLI khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM paDe che. AkhA gujarAtamAM e sauthI moTI nadI che. enI laMbAI 760 mAIla che. enA kinArA upara cANoda (cAMdoda), nAMdoda, zuklatIrtha ane bharUca AvelAM che. A nadI upara sUrapANano dhodha Avela che. narmadAnuM bIjuM nAma revAja che. emAM vahANo mukhathI so mAIla sudhI karI zake che. . (4) tApI-sAtapuDA parvatamAMthI nIkaLI khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM paDI arabI samudrane maLe che. e 450 mAIla lAMbI che. surata ane rAMdera enA kinArA upara AvelAM che. enA mukhathI batrIsa mAIla sudhI vahANo pharI zake che. A badhI gujarAtanI mukhya nadIo che. emane ghaNI nadIo maLe che; jemake sAbaramatIne hAthamatI uparAMta puSkaLa nAnI nadIo maLe che, jevI ke aMbikA vagere. saurASTramAM koI moTI nadI nathI. khAsa noMdhavA lAyaka bhAdara coTIlAnI eka dhAra madAvAnA DuMgarAmAMthI nIkaLI pirabaMdara najIka dariyAmAM navIbaMdara kane maLe che. ene jUnAgaDha najIka giranAramAMthI nIkaLatI ojhata maLe che. seraThI ane varatu hAlAramAM thaI arabI samudrane maLe che; ane zetruMjI zetrujA parvatamAMthI nIkaLI khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM paDe che te che. sava-A prAMtamAM nIce pramANenAM sarovare che : kheDA jillAmAM eka sarovara che jemAM eka TekarI mAtra unALAmAM najare paDe che; bAkIne samaya e pANImAM DhaMkAyelI rahe che.

Page #21
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta bIjuM sarovara prAMtIjamAM che, jenuM kSetraphaLa 280 corasa mAIla che ane enI UMDAI 30 phITa che. tyAMnI mAchallI amadAvAda ane anya zaheromAM puSkaLa jAya che. kacchanA raNa ane khaMbhAta vacce eka "naLa" nAmanuM sarovara che, jenuM kSetraphaLa 49 corasa mAIla che. keTalAka lake tyAM pANImAM rahenArAM pakSIo-batakanA zikAra arthe jAya che. raNu-gujarAta prAMtamAM raNanuM pramANa vadhAre nathI. tharanA raNanI dakSiNe eka pradeza Avelo che, je kacchanA raNane nAme oLakhAya che. AnA bilakula sapATa jamInanA bhAganuM kSetraphaLa 9000 corasa mAIla che. bahudhA A asala samudrano bhAga hato, je sukAI gayo che. A raNanA be bhAga che. pUrvamAne meTe bhAga pUrvathI pazcima sudhI 165 mAIla lAMbe che, ane uttara dakSiNa enI laMbAI 20 mAIla che. A bhAganuM kSetraphaLa 7000 co. mAIla che. DekaTara lebAna emanA pustakamAM A raNa vize nIce pramANenI bAbato jaNAve che - pUrva taraphano bhAga je nAnuM raNa che te 1600 co. mAIla che. enI pUrva pazcima laMbAI 80 mAIla che ane uttara dakSiNa pahoLAI 10 thI 40 mAIla che. moTA raNanI dakSiNanI sarahada upara moTI moTI TekarIo che, ane eprilathI okaTobara mAsa paryata dakSiNa dizA taraphathI moTA vaMToLiyA Ave che ane keIka vakhata varasAda paNa paDe che. bharatI vakhate dariyAnuM pANI ekathI traNa phITa sudhI caDe che. keIka vakhata lUNI ane banAsa nadIonI rela ene pANIthI tara karI mUke che. ane pANInA sukAyA pachI to bheja rahI jAya che. koIka ThekANe jamIna hariyALI dekhAya che. A raNamAM kaI kaI vakhate pakSI nIkaLI Ave che. gadheDAM ane haraNanAM roLAM paNa jovAmAM Ave che, temaja UMTonA kAphalA paNa Ave che. 1. muMbaI gejheTiyara, bhA. 5 mAM pR. 11-12

Page #22
10 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa paraMtu tyAM AvavAnI khAI hiMmata karatuM nathI, - A raNanI sapATI unALAmAM bilakula sUkI ane baraphanI mAphaka caLakatI hoya che. enI ane samudranI vacce kacchano TApu Avela che, je kaMIka aMze UMcAI upara che. A raNanI suMvALI sapATI upara jyAre sIdhAM sUryanAM kiraNe paDe che tyAre temAM mRgajaLa najare paDe che, je musApharone parezAna karI Akhare dIvAnA banAvI. de che. sUryanA sakhata tApane laI kacchanA raNamAMthI pasAra thavuM zakya nathI. phakta sUryAsta pachI ja keI AdamI A ajaba ane ekaMta medAnamAMthI pasAra thavAne IrAdo karI zake che.' gujarAtanI AbohavA ane mesame:-A prAMtanI AbehavA taMdurasta ane suMdara che. paraMtu jaMgalI pradeze bhejavALA che. samudra najIka hovAnA kAraNathI ThaMDI ochI hoya che. virasAda khapapUrato paDe che. jUna mAsanI AkharathI varasAda zarU thAya che ane sapaTembara mAsa sudhI rahe che. navembara Disembara ane jAnyuArI mahinAomAM ThaMDI sAdhAraNa paDe che. phebruArI mahinAnI AkharacI garamI zarU thAya che, ane julAI sudhImAM 115deg garamI thAya che. ziyALAmAM 47deg sudhI AvI sakhta ThaMDI paDe che. gujarAtanI uttare kaccha ane kacchanA raNamAM sakhata garamI paDe che. saurASTranA madhyabhAgamAM paNa garamInuM pramANa vadhAre che. varasAda varasAda hovA chatAM paNa gujarAtamAM garamI paDe che. hiMdustAnanA bIjA bhAgonI mAphaka ahIM paNa varasAda ThIka paDe che ane judA judA bhAgomAM varasAdanuM pramANa vadhatuM ochuM che. amadAvAda jillAmAM sarAsarI 30 iMca jeTalo varasAda paDe che. sauthI vadhAre varasAda surata jillAmAM paDe che. saurASTra ane kacchamAM varasAda ocho che. AkhA gujarAtamAM lagabhaga sarAsarI 30 iMca jeTaTyo varasAda paDe che. 1. tamana hinda, pR. 40 , ,

Page #23
tAga 1 le-upekSita [ 12 havA khAvAnA sthaLe Dumasa-sAdhAraNa rIte tyAM rAra thaIne javAya che, kAraNa ke enI pAse ja e AveluM che. e havA khAvAnuM sthaLa gaNAya che ane samudrane kinAre AveluM che. tyAM dhanika temaja vepArI lenAM puSkaLa makAne che. unALAmAM e jagyA ramaNIya dekhAya che. Abu-e eka mazahUra pahADa che. enI jaMcAI 5600 phITa jeTalI che. unALAmAM tyAM ThaMDI sAdhAraNa paDe che. tyAM mevADa, mAravADa, gujarAta ane saurASTranA navAbe ane rAjAo, temaja sivila ane miliTarI ophisara unALAmAM rahe che. sAmAnya varganA leke paNa saMkhyAbaMdha tyAM jAya che. hiMduo mATe dharmazALA ane maMdiramAM rahevA mATe baMdebasta rAkhavAmAM Avelo che. musalamAne mATe paNa eka masIda che. sTezanathI pahADa upara meTasthI javAya che. tyAM puSkaLa jharA che, je jovA lAyaka che. hajIrA ane verAvaLa -A baMne jagyA samudra kinAre AvelI che. madhyabhAganA lake havAkhAvAnAM sthaLo mAnI tyAM jAya che. verAvaLamAM eka nAnI jAme majida ane saMkhyAbaMdha nAnI masjido che. eka sarakArI hAIskUla ane bIjI eka arabI masA tavIatula IslAmanA nAmathI tyAM che. madresA nAnA pAyA upara che paraMtu tenI ImArata sArI che, ane te uparAMta enuM pustakAlaya e bhAgamAM ajoDa che. tyAM dareka jAtanAM pustaka che jUnAgaDhanA navAbe lAkho rUpiyA kharca karI ene kinAre baMdara rUpamAM banAvyo che. ane have tyAM moTAM jahAje AvI zake che. hAlamAM somanAtha ane mAMgaraLa upara enI jhabaradasta asara jaNAya che. A baMnene vikAsa A kAraNathI raMdhAI gayo che. jUnAgaDha rAjanA hAtha nIce A zahera che. me masjidamAM ImAma sAmenI je miAharAbara che te uparane 1. dharmamAM vaDe. 2. masjidamAM eka khAsa jagyA jaya ImAma mA rapha mAM karI namAjha paDhAve che.

Page #24
12] gujarAtane ItahAsa zilAlekha haju sudhI vAMcI zakAyo nathI, e dilagIrInI vAta che. samudra pAse eka nAnI masjida che. je upara mahamUdazAhanA vakhatane hi. saM. 893ne zilAlekha che. . nahera -(1) khArI nadInI nahera, gujarAtamAM A mahatvanI nahera che, jeno lAbha DAMgaranI mosamamAM leke vadhu pramANamAM uThAve che. (2) bIjI nahera hAthamatInI che. (3) saurASTramAM mAMgaroLa najIka sAraNanI purANuM nahera che. loke ghaNuM karI comAsA pachI kUvAne upayoga kare che. A kAraNathI Aja pahelAM A mulakamAM lAkho kUvA hatA. - pedAza -gujarAtamAM ochIvattI hareka jAtanI pedAza jovAmAM Ave che, jemAMthI keTalIka mazahUra cIjonI yAdI nIce pramANe che: vanaspati-zeraDI, variyALI, tamAku, aphINa, gulAba, kevaDo, caMpa, vAMsa, bAvaLa, pIpaLa, boraDI, khAkharA, sAga, sIsama, lImaDe, araDUsI. phaLa-sItAphaLa, jAmaphaLa, dADama, drAkSa, sapharajana, kerI, kharabUca, rAyaNa, nAsapAtI, tarabUca, cIbhaDAM, kAkaDI, papaiyAM, keLAM, mahuDA, bera, nAraMgI, AMbalI. paraMtu kerI ane rAyaNu gujarAtamAM puSkaLa thAya che. e vAta jANItI che ke sulatAna mahamade A baMne prakAranAM vIsa lAkha jhADo gujarAtamAM ropAvyAM hatAM. jAmaphaLa ane dADama veLakAmAM puSkaLa thAya che. ane prAMtIja pAse erAna gAmamAM kharabUcAM (TeTI) bahu ja mIThAM ane majedAra hoya che. paMcamahAla jillAmAM mahuDAM puSkaLa thAya che, surata jillAmAM AMbA, phaNasa, ane tADa ane khajurInAM jhADa vadhAre pramANamAM che. . . niMdha:-rAna, prAMtIja jillAmAM lagabhaga 2 mAIla upara eka nAne kasabo che. asala e vepAranuM mathaka ane anAjanuM bajAra hatuM. marAThAonI lUMTaphATane laIne enI paDatI thaI hatI. hAlamAM

Page #25
bhAga 1 le-upodaghAta [ 13 e eka musalamAna jamInadAranA tAbAmAM che. e eka vizALa jagyA che. saMbhavita che ke purANuM vakhatamAM paNa e evI ja haze. A gAma nadI kinAre AveluM che. unALAmAM ene ghaNekharo bhAga sUko thaI jAya che ane ghUMTaNapUra pANI rahI jAya che. sUkA bhAgamAM vAgharI leka TeTInI khetI kare che. A mosamamAM pedAza vadhu pramANamAM thAya che. ane ghaNuM karIne e TeTI mIThI paNa hoya che. joke prAMtIja, naDiyAda, amadAvAda vagere jagyAe e laI jAya che. A kasabAnI vastI UMcI UMcI TekarIo upara che. A TekarIo DuMgara jevI vaMcI che. ghaNuMkharI jagyAe jharA vahe che temAMthI mIThuM sApha ane halakuM pANI nIkaLe che. tyAM leke A ja pANIno upayoga kare che. kUvA nathI. ane kharekhara ATalI UMcI jagyAmAM kUvA khodavA e pahADo khodavA barAbara che. tyAM jharA hovAthI ema mAluma paDe che ke nIce paththara haze. ghaNI jagyAe paththara bahArathI dekhAya che. e kAMkarInA hovAthI bahu ja majabUta hoya che. je paththara nadImAM hoya che te lAMbA samayathI tyAM ja che. amadAvAdamAM sAbaramatInuM pANI ajIrNakAraka gaNAya che. vaLI ekAda vAsaNamAM keTalAka divasa rAkhavAmAM Ave te sapheda raMganA khAra kAra upara jovAmAM Ave che. paraMtu ahIM A nadInuM pANI halakuM, mIThuM ane pAcaka che. mArA dhAravA pramANe kadAca A jharAnA maLavAthI enA guNamAM pheraphAra thayo haze. mosamamAM bAra ane kerI uttama prakAranAM thAya che. nadInI bIjI pAra gAyakavADa sarakAranI jamIna che. tyAMnuM purANuM DhabanuM maMdira jovA jevuM che. maMdirano AgaLane ane madhyano bhAga tUTI gayela che. paraMtu moTI moTI zilAo kevI rIte uThAvavAmAM AvI haze e vicAravA jevI bAbata che. tyAM eka urdU ane gujarAtI nizALa che. eka masIda paNa che. tyAMnI vastI A pramANe che: nadInA kinArA upara musalamAnI rahe che, tyAra pachI hiMdu vANiyA ane tyAra pachI kobI lakonI vastI che. purANuM jamAnAmAM lUMTaphATanuM jora vadhu pramANamAM

Page #26
14] gujarAtano itihAsa havAthI hiMduonA rakSaNa ane A rIte vasavATa karavAmAM AvyuM hite. hAlamAM A gAma vepAranuM kendra na hovAnA sababa vepArIo paNa ahIMtahIM jatA rahyA. atyAre paNa tyAM baso aDhIse ghara che. bahudhA purANuM maMdira bauddhanA vakhatanuM baNa hAla jenuM che. vepArIo sAmAnya rIte jena che. AsapAsanI tamAma jamIna khAI jevI nIcI ane pahADa jevI UMcI che. enI hAra IDaranA pahADone maLe che, tethI enA aMdaranA bhAgamAM koI koI vakhata vAgha ASI pahere che. asalanA jamAnAmAM ahIM eka ajagara paNa hate je eka AkhI bakarI gaLI jato hato, ane A ja sthitimAM eka vakhata kee ene je ane mArI nAkhyo. enA cAmaDAnI peTI tyAMnA darabAra sAhebanA sALA pAse che. tyAMnAM ghaNAMkharAM makAne mATInAM che, paraMtu have pitarano upayoga thavA mAMDavo che. kasabAtI athavA sipAIonI vastI tyAM ThIka pramANamAM thaI gaI hatI. lAMbAM kurtA, pAyajAme, ame doTTo tyAMnI strIone libAsa che. puru kartA pAyajAmo ane zeravAnI ke keTa pahere che ane mAthe pheTe bAMdhe che. tyAM hiMduonuM paNa eka maMdira che. ahiMyAMnI khINamAM kevaDe puSkaLa Uge che, paraMtu koI ene yogya upADa karatuM nathI. tyAMnA loko bheMsa vadhu pramANamAM pALe che. bhArakheja mATe eo Tene upAza kare che. enI AmadAnI 0 000 jeTalI che. paraMtu sekaThe cha jeTalA rUmimAM judA judA Tekasane laine sarakArI khajAnAmAM jAya che. ahiMyAMnI nAnI nAnI TekarI upara je taMdurastI temaja havAkhAvA mATe baMgabhA bAMdhavAmAM Ave te saMkhyAbaMdha leke tyAM Ave, tyAM eka kAsa dUra eka gAma AveluM che jenuM nAma lAkhaLA che. tyAMnI TeTI ati mIThI hoya che. ahiyAM paNa musalamAnanI jamInadArI che. bAkIjhA AsapAsa tamAma kALI ane hiMdu che, jemanI vacce prANu khanamAM bahu ja TaM cAlatA hatA.

Page #27
jAga 1 le-upeddaghAta [ 15 kula vastI lagabhaga doDha hajAra jeTalI che. musalamAnonI saMkhyA 300 jeTalI che. 200 thI 900 jeTazrA hiMdu che, ane bAkInA kALI che. tyAMnA musalamAnone sAmAnya varga garIba che, paraMtu eo AvAsa che. judI judI jAtanAM nAnAM nAnAM kArakhAnAM je tyAM banAvavAmAM Ave te sahelAIthI eo sukhacenathI pitAnuM gujarAna calAvI zake ema che. prAthamika zikSaNanuM pramANa 70 TakA jeTaluM che.] gujarAtanuM anAja-ghauM, bAjarI, juvAra, tuvera, tala, bAvaTo, makAI, DAMgara, maga, maTha, aDada, caNA, kapAsa ane sarasava, pAke che. paraMtu emAM bAjarI, juvAra, DAMgara ane kapAsa ahIMnI khAsa pedAza che. DAMgara kheDA jillAmAM uttama jAya che. e khAnuM nAma "kameda" che. bAjarI ane juvAra khAsa karIne saurASTramAM ja thAya che, ane tyAM vadhAre upayogamAM levAmAM Ave che. kapAsa mATe surata ane bharUca jillA mazahUra che. hiMdustAnanuM uttama rU ahIM utpanna thAya che. sAmAnya rIte e kALI jamInamAM vAvavAmAM Ave che. dilagIrInI vAta che ke emane moTe bhAga hiMdustAnanI bahAra jo rahe che. gujarAtanA jAnavare -gujarAtamAM dareka jAtanAM jAnavare jovAmAM Ave che, jemAMnA keTalAkanAM nAma nIce pramANe che - - vAgha, siMha, cittA, rIMcha, varu, vAMdarAM, mAMkaDa, haraNa, sAbara, ziyALa, ghoDA, gadheDAM, gAya, baLada, bheMsa, UMTa, bakarAM, gheTAM, kUtarAM rejha vagere. hAthI zAhajahAM bAdazAhanA samaya sudhI ahIM jovAmAM AvatA hatA, paraMtu have naWI. AkhA hiMdustAnamAM siMha phata saurASTranA giranA DuMgaramAM ja jovAmAM Ave che. eno zikAra karavAnI manAI che, kAraNa ke enI nasalane hiMdustAnamAMthInAza ja che; mAtra A jagyA bAkI rahI gaI che. moTA moTA yurebinene jUnAgaDhaw navAba sAhebanI pakvAnagIthI zikAra karazAne kAja sabasta hato. cittA ane vAgha naLa sarevara pAse temaja saMDAsAmAM jovAmAM Ave

Page #28
16] gujarAtano ItihAsa che, kAraNa ke sarovarane laIne haraNa vagere ghaNuMkharAM jAnavaro tyAM rahe che. vAMdarAM amadAvAdamAM sAbaramatIne kinAre saMkhyAbaMdha jovAmAM Ave che. mahAjana taraphathI emane caNa khAvAnA maLe che. e kheDUtane bahu ja satAve che. kaccha ane saurASTranA ghaDA vakhaNAya che. mAre khyAla che ke IrAka ane umAnanA vatanIo asala lAMbo samaya paryata arabI ghaDI ahIM lAvI vecatA hatA ane A e ghoDAonI olAda che. ahIMnA baMne jAtanA baLado suMdara hoya che. moTA kadavALA baLadanAM zarIra tathA ziMgaDAM khUbasUrata hoya che. ane nIcI kadanA baLada paNa nAnA, majabUta ane sohAmaNA hoya che. e nAnA rabara TAyaranA ekkAo joDelA ThIka dekhAya che. ene ghoDA sAthe harIphAImAM deDAvavAnI tAlIma ApavAmAM Ave che. pahelAM amadAvAdamAM rAtanA 12 vAgyA bAda deDAvavAnI harIphAIo paNa thatI. | gujarAtanA khanIje -sonuM, akIka, ArasapahANa, loDhuM, sIsuM, meMgenIjha, abarakha, surekhAra, mIThuM ane saMga paThANa che. sonuM bhAvanagaranA pahADomAMthI asalanA jamAnAthI nIkaLatuM AvyuM che, paraMtu AjakAla e baMdha che. abarakha paMcamahAla, sAbarakAMThA ane revAkAMThA ejansImAMthI nIkaLe che. akIka surata jillAmAM nIkaLe che, paraMtu khaMbhAtamAM ene sApha karavAmAM Ave che. hiMdu ane musalamAna kArIgaro uttama prakAranI cIjo emAMthI banAve che. dAkhalA tarIke kapha ane koTanAM baTana, vIMTI, eriga, gaLAne hAra, cappane hAtha, ghaDiyALanI ceIna, salIba (kosa AkAranI), hilAla (ardhacaMdranA AkAranA) vagere. A vastuo kAnsa, amerikA, misara vagere jagyAe puSkaLa jAya che. hiMdustAnamAM pArasI ane vorA enI bahu ja kadara kare che. surokhAra rAdhanapuramAMthI nIkaLe che. samudra najIka hovAnA sababathI mIThuM puSkaLa pakavI zakAya che. A 1. dabA-khulAsa-tuta tavArIkha

Page #29
bhAga 1 le-upaghAta [ 17 pAka barabAda karavA briTiza sarakAre eka alaga khAtuM paNa kADhayuM hatuM tethI sauthI vadhAre nukasAna khaMbhAtanA navAbane thayeluM. tyAM tamAma gujarAta khAI zake eTaluM mIThuM pakavI zakAya, paraMtu briTiza sarakAre baMdara khAlI ke mIThuM taiyAra karI AmadAnIne vadhAre karavA dIdho nahi. keTalIka vakhata sTeTanA sattAvALAoe e bAbatamAM patravyavahAra karyo hato, paraMtu enuM kaMI pariNAma AvyuM nahatuM, kAraNa ke sarakAra piote ja ene vepAra karatI hatI. tethI pitAne sakhata khoTa AvavAne bhaya hato. sarakArane A vepArathI vArSika cha karoDa rUpiyA maLatA hatA. leTuM ghoghAmAMthI nIkaLe che ane e pahelAM kapaDavaMjamAMthI kADhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM, paraMtu hAlamAM e baMdha che. AjakAla hAlolamAMthI meMgenIjha kADhavAmAM Ave che. saMga paThANa eka jAtane cUno che, je IDaranA pahADamAMthI nIkaLe che. ene polisa karI e sApha ane camakadAra banAvavAmAM Ave che ke AbehUba AmanA jevo ja dekhAya che. dilhInA lAla killAnA bAMdhakAmamAM zAhajahAM bAdazAhe enuM plAsTara karAvyuM hatuM. tAjamahAlanA aMdaranA bhAgamAM paNa enuM poliza che. joke emAM pitAnI surata joI zake che. I. sa. 1907mAM pahelI vakhata huM jyAre AgrA gayA hatA tyAre meM najare joyuM hatuM. have lokoe ene hAtha lagADI lagADIne meluM karI dIdhuM che. e chatAM paNa emAM paDachAyo haju paNa najare paDe che. ghaNe bhAge ene vaparAza baMdha thayo che, kAraNa ke simenTa hareka jAtanA cUnAnA vepArane pAyamAla karyo che. metI kacchanA akhAta ane jAmanagaramAMthI nIkaLe che. gujarAtane hunnara-udyoga:-kApaDa, kAgaLa, sAbu, lokhaMDanI peTI, akIkanI bhinna bhinna prakAranI cIjo, tALAM, dIvAsaLI, jarI ane rezamanAM kapaDAM vagerenuM kAma ahIM sAruM thAya che. bharUcamAM derInI cAdare sArI bane che ane tyAM kAcanAM kArakhAnAM che. guja

Page #30
18] gujarAtano ItihAsa rAtamAM chApavAnAM kArakhAnAM ane daLavAnI ghaMTIo paNa puSkaLa che. ' pAlaNapuramAM kevaDA ane caMpAnAM attara ane tela uttama prakAranAM thAya che te uttara hiMdustAnamAM puSkaLa jAya che. tyAM kevaDAnuM moTuM jaMgala che temAM sApa paNa vITAyelA jovAmAM Ave che. vaLI lUMgI, rUmAla, susI dhArIvALAM kapaDA), dehara (eka prakAranuM kApaDa), sulemAnI cAdara, khAdI ane zetaraMjI suMdara taiyAra thAya che ane arabastAnamAM vecAya che. charI, bhAlA, khaMjara, talavAra, cAmaDAnI cIjo, banAtanI jIna sArAM taiyAra thAya che. pATaNamAM mATInAM vAsaNe sArAM thAya che ane rezamI raMgIna citrakAmavALAM kImatI kapaDAM tyAM bane che, je paToLAM kahevAya che. I. sa. 1932mAM meM mArI najare kArakhAnAmAM badhuM kAma joyuM. huM ati heratamaMda thayo. kharekhara kAmane khUbasUrata namUne che. kapaDAMnI baMne bAjue eka sarakhI bhAta jenArane Azcaryacakita kare che. dilagIrInI vAta che ke yurepanAM kArakhAnAMo ApaNI A ajaba kaLAne dabAvI dIdhI che. kApaDa -amadAvAdamAM kApaDa puSkaLa taiyAra thAya che. phakta kApaDanI 80 thI vadhAre mila cAle che. e jANe ke hiMdustAnanuM mAMcesTara che. hareka jAtanuM kApaDa ahIM thAya che. keTalIka milomAM sUtara temaja kApaDa baMne taiyAra thAya che. ane keTalIkamAM sUtara IglAMDathI maMgAvI mAtra kApaDa taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu dilagIrInI vAta e che ke briTiza sarakAre atyAra sudhI 80 naMbarathI vadhArenuM sUtara taiyAra karavA dIdhuM nahotuM. A uparAMta vIramagAma, naDiyAda, vaDedarA, bharUca, peTalAda, bhAvanagara, verAvaLa vagere zaheromAM paNa kApaDanI mile che. tamAma gujarAtamAM kula 115 thI vadhu mila che. kAgaLa sAdhAraNa rIte kAgaLa yuropathI Ave che. athavA muMbaI kalakattA vagere ilAkAmAM hiMdustAnamAM AvelAM tyAMnAM kArakhAnAmAM bane che. A kAraNathI kAgadI kaMI utpanna karI zakatA nathI. phakta eka jAtane joDe sapheda ke badAmI kAgaLa khAsa ' amadAvAdamAM

Page #31
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [ 19 hAthathI purANuM rIta pramANe banAvavAmAM Ave che. khAsa karIne vepArIonA hisAbakAma mATe saMkhyAbaMdha copaDA emAMthI taiyAra thAya che. A sivAya koI eno upayoga nathI. - ' amadAvAda pAse have to bArejaDImAM kAgaLanI mila thaI che ane tyAM sArA pramANamAM chApavAne kAgaLa temaja pUThAM vagere taiyAra thAya che. - sAbu vadhu pramANamAM prAMtIjamAM tayAra thAya che, te kapaDAM dhovAnA kAmamAM Ave che. hamaNAM amadAvAdamAM, verAvaLamAM, porabaMdaramAM paNa taiyAra thAya che. amadAvAdamAM musalamAnonAM kArakhAnAMmAM vadhu pramANamAM raMgIna dIvAsaLI taiyAra thAya che, je tahevAramAM vaparAya che. keTalIka mudatathI sAmAnya dIvAsaLI paNa banavA mAMDI che. khAsa karIne e paMjAbamAM vecAya che. khaMbhAtamAM be musalamAnenAM be kArakhAnAM che, je suMdara rIte cAle che. akIka vize meM upara vigatavAra lakhyuM che. verAvaLamAM suMdara tALAM bane che. suratamAM jarI rezama ane kinakhAba sArAM taiyAra thAya che ane e bahAra jAya che. hAthInA dAMtanuM kAma paNa tyAM suMdara thAya che. kacchanuM sonArUpAnuM kotarakAma prakhyAta che. mINathI je bhinna bhinna prakAranAM kApaDa chApavAmAM Ave che te ra dUranA mulakamAM jAya che. porabaMdara ane okhAmAM simenTa banAvavAnAM kArakhAnAM che. IDaramAM lAkaDA uparanuM raMgIna kAma suMdara thAya che. vepAra-gujarAtamAM nIcenI vastuonI AyAta nitya thAya che AyAta -nuM, cAMdI, vilAyatI kApaDa, lakhaMDa ane lekhaMDane sAmAna, khAMDa, davA, kAco sAmAna, mazIna, ramakaDAM, raMga, lAkaDAM, dhAtu, anAjanI keTalIka jAta, nALiyera, ghAsatela, kolasA, kAgaLa, ghaDiyALa, moTara ane sAIkla. nikAsa-anAja, telIbiyAM, rU, sUtara, kApaDa, tamAku, mAkhaNa, cAmaDI ane masAlA.

Page #32
20 ] gujarAtane itihAsa vahevAranAM sAdhana . jaLamArgo -gujarAtano jaLamArga have lagabhaga baMdha thaI gayuM che. nAnI sTImara ane vahANo AvajAva kare che, ne khaMbhAtathI bhAvanagara, Dumasa, jApharAbAda, samatAtha, verAvaLa, mAMgaroLa, pirabaMdara, dvArakA, ane mAMDavI, vagere jagyAe jAya che. paraMtu A badhI jagyAo sAdhAraNa che. gujarAta ane saurASTra temaja arabI samudranuM mukhya baMdara muMbaI che, ane siMdha ja nahi paraMtu sArA hiMdustAnanA vAyavya bhAganuM karAMcI mukhya baMdara che. be dAyakAmAM bhAvanagara, jAmanagara, okhA, navalakhI ane verAvaLamAM meTAM baMdara banAvavAmAM AvyAM che. UMTanA kAphalA -keTalIka vakhate kacchanA raNamAM thaIne UMTonA kAphalA AvajA kare che. rela ane sTImarane laIne enI pAsa jarUra paDatI nathI. tAra TapAla -relvenI mAphaka tAraTapAlane paNa bobasta che. ilAkAnI rAjadhAnInuM zahera enuM kendra che ane ghaNAMkharAM zahera, kasabA ane gAmamAM enI zAkhAo che. enI mAraphate patro, pArasala, paisA ane tAra pahoMcADavAmAM Ave che. jamIna mArgo-ra-gujarAtanI relve jALanI mAphaka phelAyelI che. moTI lAIna uparAMta nAnI nAnI saMkhyAbaMdha relve che. mukhya relve sarakAranI bI. bI. enDa sI. AI, gAyakavADanI che. bI. esa, ane saurASTramAM badhI zAkhAo ekarUpa thaI saurASTra reve banI che. jAte ane temane vasavATa Aje paNa gujarAtamAM bhinna bhinna jAtanI kAmo jovAmAM Ave che te kabIlA temaja jAtinI daSTie eka bIjAthI judI paDe che. purANuM jamAnAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha keme bahArathI AvatI hatI ane varasane meTo bhAga ahIM pasAra karatI hatI, paraMtu gujarAtanAM

Page #33
bhAga 1 lAupeAghAta [ 21 badaza baMdha thaI gayAM tyArathI temanI AvajA paNa badha thaI gaI. atyAre te nIce pramANenI kAme gujarAtamAM rahe che H bhIla, kAThI, kALIparaja, rajapUta, rabArI, meAgala, khAjA, memaNa, paThANa, pArasI, vaheArA, sIdI (hubazI), kALI, garAsiyA, saiyada, zekha, mAmIna, kSatrI (khatrI), mrahmakSatrI, kAyastha vANiyA, brAhmaNa, kaNabI, bhATa, nAgara, DheDha (camAra), bhaMgI, vAdharI, balucI, makarANI, araba, maulA-IslAma, rAThoDa ane paramAra. bhIla vadhu pramANamAM paMcamahAlamAM, kAThI saurASTramAM, ane kALIparaja khAnadeza ane suratamAM rahe che. rabArI sArA gujarAtamAM phelAyelA jovAmAM Ave che. khAjA (AgAkhAnI) hareka jagyAe vaselA che, paraMtu temanAM kendrasthAne ANaMda, amadAvAda, ane lImaDImAM che. memaNA kaccha ane saurASTramAM rahe che. pANAnuM kendrasthaLa kapaDavaMja che. tyAM te meTI saMkhyAmAM rahe che. vaheArA khe jAtanA che : eka sunnI ane bIjA smiAilI (ziyA). temane surata ane amadAvAdamAM vadhu pramANamAM vasavATa che. khAsa karIne IsmAIlI vaheArAnu kendrasthaLa surata che. temanA pavitra vaDA mullAMjI suratamAM rahe che. nAgara kAma vadhu pramANamAM saurASTra ane khAsa karIne jUnAgaDhamAM rahe che; amadAvAda, vaDanagara, vIsanagara, naDiyAda, peTalAda, bharUca ane suratamAM paNa che. rajapUta leAkeA uttara gujarAta ane saurASTramAM rahe che. pArasI sAdhAraNa rIte hareka ThekANe jovAmAM Ave che, paraMtu temanI meATI vastI navasArImAM che. kaNabI leAkAnI moTI saMkhyA amadAvAda jillAmAM, uttara gujarAtamAM ane saurASTramAM paNa, ane temanA dhaMdhA khetIne che. temanI vastI eka lAkha jeTalI che. gujarAtanI bhASA ane keLavaNI A prAMtamAM judI judI jAtanI khelI khelAya che, temAMnI urdU, marAThI, kacchI sivAyanI sAraThI, careAtarI, suratI ane bhIla leAMkAnI melI bhIlI gujarAtI che. gujarAtI bhASAnI taLa gujarAtamAM

Page #34
22 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa be jAta che. eka suratI ane bIjI cotarI. bharUcathI mAMDI damaNa sudhI suratI belIno pracAra che, ane amadAvAdathI mAMDI vaDodarA sudhI loke carotarI bhASAmAM vAta kare che. gujarAtI bhASA bolanArAonI saMkhyA eka karoDa ane sAta lAkha jeTalI che. hiMdustAnanI badhI bhASA bolanArAomAM gujarAtInI saMkhyA seMkaDe traNa jeTalI che. urdU jabAnane paNa hAlamAM vikAsa thaI rahyo che. e bhASA A prAMtamAM dareka ThekANe belAya che temaja leke te samajI zake che. ThekaThekANe urdU masA jevAmAM Ave che. ghaNIvAra urdU copAniyAM ane akhabAro bahAra pADavAmAM AvyAM hatAM, paraMtu tene pracAra eTale badho thayo nahi. jyAre A hijarata karI hiMdustAnamAM AvyA tyAre pahelavahelA teo gujarAtamAM AvyA na hatA, paraMtu lAMbI mudata bAda teo dakSiNa tarapha phelAyA. tyArapachI madhyakALamAM saMkhyAbaMdha kemee Arya lekenI peThe gujarAta upara humalA karyA hatA. temAMnI khAsa kema dUNa, gujara, araba, paThANa vagerenI hatI. pArasIo je musalamAnonA jamAnAmAM IrAnathI nAsI chUTayA hatA temaNe gujarAtamAM Asaro lIdho hato. A tamAma paradezI kema ane ToLIo raphate raphate eka bIjA sAthe haLImaLIne rahevA lAgI ane temaNe pitAnA rivAjo ane sudhArA gujarAtI samAjamAM paNa dAkhala karI dIdhA, temaja gujarAtI samAjenI paNa tenA para kaMIka asara thaI. AvI rIte jema jema vakhata gayo tema tema eka bIjA sAthe haLImaLIne rahevAthI eka jamAtanI khAsiyata bIjI jamAte akhatyAra karI, A judI judI jAte eka tarIkA upara ekatra thaI gaI, temanA rivAje sAmAnya thaI gayA, temanI unnati paNa samAna thaI gaItemanA samAja paNa ekatra thaI gayA; ane AvI rIte temanAM itihAsa, bhASA ane sAhitya vagerene ekI sAthe vikAsa thayo. anArya nI bhASAnI vAta bAda karatAM ema khAtrIthI kahevAmAM Ave che ke phakta saMskRta ja sArA hiMdustAnanI sAmAnya

Page #35
bhAga 1 -upaghAta [ 24 bhASA hovI joIe. A dezanI temaja paradezanI ghaNI bhASAo te samayanI saMskRta bhASA sAthe maLI gaI ane A tamAma bhASAonI ApasamAM eka bIjA upara asara thaI AvI rIte A bhASAomAMnI harekane parabhASAmAMthI kaMIka aMze phAyado ke geraphAyado thaye; ane je kaMI grahaNa na karI zakAyuM te choDI dIdhuM. brAhmaNa temaja ucca keTInA lekene sAmAnya rIte saMskRtano abhyAsa karavAno haka maLyo hato. anya jAtinA lokothI buddhimAM vikAsa karanArI A bhASAno sAmane karI zakAya nahi. keLavaNI ane khilavaNIne abhAva, uccAranI muzkelI ane UtaratI kemonI ajJAnatAne laIne saMskRta bhASA sAmAnya varganA lokomAM praveza karI zakI nahi, ane svataMtra ke sAmAnya rIte tene svIkAra thaye nahi. jJAnavikAsanA upAsake saMskRta bhASAno abhyAsa karatA hatA. te vakhatanA sudharelA samAjanI bhASA saMskRta hatI. samAjanA keTalAka leke tUTI phUTI prAkRta-saMskRta bolatA hatA. have saMskRta pitAnuM nAmacIna sthAna gumAvavAnI zarUAta karI. A vakhate AryonuM raheThANa hiMdustAnanA uttara bhAgamAM ja mAtra na hatuM, paraMtu teo gujarAta ane bIjA dakSiNanA prAMta tarapha paNa vadhyA hatA. AryonI gujarAta ane baMgALA jevA dUradUranA bhAgo tarapha ravAnagI, musApharInI muzkelIo, judI judI AbehavA, ane dezI ane paradezIonI ApasamAM mulAkAta thavAthI natI e Avyo ke saMskRtanI bhinna bhinna zAkhAo nIkaLI : prAkRta, pAli, mAgadhI, ardhamAgadhI vagere saMskRtanI judI judI zAkhAo che. e uparAMta prAkRta paMDe paNa bagaDatI cAlI ane temAMthI eka judI ja bhASA "apabhraMza" nAmathI nIkaLI. apabhraMza madhyakALamAM gujarAtanI bhASA hatI. siddharAja jayasiMhanA vakhatamAM hemacaMdrasUrijIe (pitAnA prAkRta vyAkaraNane aMte) apabhraMza bhASAnA niyamo lakhyA hatA. te vakhate hiMdustAnanA kAI bIjA bhAganI bhASAomAM keIne A garva prApta thayo na hato. apabhraMzamAM

Page #36
24] gujarAtano ItihAsa paNa ghaNuM pheraphAra thayA che. hareka prAMtanI eka khAsa bhASA hatI. hiMdI, vraja, mAravADI, baMgALI, marAThI, ane gujarAtI bhASAonI utpatti thaI hatI. mAravADI bhASA ane gujarAtI bhASA athavA te pazcimI hiMdI pAMca varSa upara ekarUpamAM hatI. bhASAomAM paNa prAMtanI bhASAnI khAsiyato mAlUma paDatI hatI. hareka bhASA sudharI sApha thavA mAMDI. tevI ja rIte ApaNuM arvAcIna rasika gujarAtI bhASAnI utpatti thaI je zumAre eka karoDa mANasanI mAtRbhASA che. temAM enI keTalIka asalI khAsiyato kAyama che ane navI khAsiyata ane judI judI bhASAonI khAsa khAsa bAbato tenI sAthe vakhatovakhata umerAtI gaI che. gujarAtInI utpatti saMskRtamAMthI thayelI ane A ja sababathI gujarAtI bhASA saMskRta bhASAnI khAsiyatothI bharelI che. gujarAtI bhASAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha saMskRta zabdo che. A zo be jAtanA che. temAMnA keTalAka evA zabdo che jene pahelA prakAra sAthe nisbata che, ane te pitAnA asala saMskRta rUpamAM che; bAkInA zabdo bIjI jAta sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. vyutpattinA niyamo jotAM temAM kaMIka pheraphAro thayA che, chatAM te zabdo saMskRtamAMthI AvelA che. jene saMbaMdha pahelA prakAra sAthe che temanI saMkhyA meTI che; temAMthI keTalAka zabado udAharaNa mATe nIce pramANe ApavAmAM AvyA che te badhA zabdonI gaNatrI karavI e eka zabdakeza taiyAra karavA jeTaluM muzkela che. ahIM je zabdo sAmAnya rIte dAkhala thaI gayA che te ja pasaMda karyA che ane te A che: saMgIta, vidyA, buddhi, mukha, zarIra, AnaMda, manuSya, Izvara, pazu, paMkti, zAstra, alaMkAra, saMskAra, nArI, nadI, lakSmI, pustaka, mastaka, janma, nAma, vidvAna, paMDita, bhakti, ziSya, daMpatI, vagere. emAMnA ghaNA zabdomAM eka akSara bIjAthI badalAya jAya

Page #37
bhAga 1 -upADatA [25 che, jemake "e" badalAIne "ja" thAya che: "yAdava"mAMthI "jAdava" thAya che, "yati"nuM "jatI" thAya che. vyutpatti pramANe jotAM ghaNuM zabdamAM pheraphAra thayo che. saMskRtamAMthI te prAkRtamAM AvyA ane prAkRtamAMthI te apabhraMzamAM AvI gayA ane temAMthI temano samAveza gujarAtImAM karavAmAM Avyo. A pheraphAravALA tamAma zabdone mATe ahIM avakAza nathI, paraMtu je eka sAmAnya niyama pramANe A pheraphAra thayo che te jaNAvavuM basa che. je saMskRta zabdane cheDe "ka" Ave che tene gujarAtImAM "e" thAya che; dAkhalA tarIke - saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza gujarAtI dantakaH dantI dantau dAMto markaTakaH makkaDao makaDau mAMkaDe prastarakaH pattharao pattharau patharA karNakaH kaNNao kaNNau kAne rAsakaH rAsao rAsau rAsa bhArao bhArau bhAre je saMskRta zabdane cheDe "" nathI hoto temAM gujarAtImAM te badalAIne "a" thAya che? saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza gujarAtI danto dantu dAMta jaH kaNNo kaNNu sa: hattho rAso rAsa A pramANe gujarAtI zabdonuM mULa sAmAnya rIte saMskRtamAM maLe che. ane gujarAtI zabdakezano moTo bhAga AvA zabdone che te kyAM te saMskRta hoya che ke kyAMto saMskRtamAM te zabdonAM mULa mAta kAna hAtha rAsu

Page #38
26 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa che ane temAM vyutpattinA niyama mujaba pheraphArA thayA kare che. gujarAtI bhASA upara sa MskRtanI asara vadhAre che. ApaNane mAlUma paNa paDe che ke e asara majabUta che. ane tenuM eka ja kAraNa che ke gujarAtI ane khIjI prAMtika bhASAe peAtAnI asala bhASA saMskRtamAMthI nIkaLI che. paraMtu vakhata jatAM paradezI lAgna sAthe lAMkhA samaya rahevA sahevAthI ane paradezI bhASAone peAtAnI asala, amizrita hAlatamAM grahaNa karavAnI tAkAta na heAvAthI temAM ghaNA pheraphArA thayA che. ane pariNAma e AvyuM ke mAjIda prAMtika kheAlacAlanI e bhASA khatI. khIjI daSTithI jotAM tathA vyutpattinA khIjA sAmAnya niyamek levAthI upalI hakIkata hajI vadhAre sApha rIte samajAya che. kAI bhASA evI nathI jemAM pheraphAra na thAya. hareka se| se| varasamAM kai te kaMi pheraphArA thaye ja jAya che. ane A pheraphAra evI asAdhAraNa rIte thAya che ke te sahelAIthI mAlUma paDatA nathI. vaLI te eTalA vegathI thAya che ke je zakhsa jANe che ane bhASAne abhyAsa kare che te A nahi samajI zakAya evA vega upara hasyA vinA rahetA nathI. A rIte tamAma prAMtika bhASA gujarAtI, baMgALI, hiMdI, marAThI, vagere tamAma amuka khAsa rIte ekakhIjAthI judI paDe che. eka prAMtane! vatanI khInna prAMtanA vatanInI vAtacIta ke bhASA samajI zakatA nathI, paraMtu zabdo ke prAMtika bhASAonA niyameAmAM meLa jarUra mAlUma paDaze. AthI eka prAMtanA rahevAsIne khIjA prAMtanI bhASAnA abhyAsa karavAmAM bahu ja madada maLe che. A niyama mujaba duniyAnI tamAma bhASA game teTalI judI paDatI hoya te chatAM sa` eka bIjA sAthe te rIte saMbaMdha dharAve che. A asAdhAraNa sa MjogAne laine bhASAnA zabdaDhDhAzanA vikAsa thayA che. gujaratI bhASA saMskRta bhASAnI sarakhAmaNImAM ghaNI ja nAjuka thaI gaI che. zuM mAtAnI khUbasUratI ane nAjukAInA vArasAnI bAbatamAM

Page #39
bhAga 1 lA-upAdghAta [ 27 lADakavAyI karIne nirAza karI zakAya ? gujarAtI ane saMskRtanA saMbaMdhanI vigatane vadhAre lakhAvavI jarUrI nathI. have ApaNe joIzuM ke gujarAtI bhASA khIjI bhASAne keTale aMze RNI che. hiMdustAnanI asala bhASA dezya gaNAtI hatI e bhASAnA keTalAka zabdo amuka pheraphAra pachI gujarAtI bhASAmAM AvI gayA che. gujarAtIne marAThI bhASA sAthe purANA saMbaMdha che. sauthI purANA gujarAtI kavi narasiMha mahetA marAThI pratyaya cA" peAtAnI chApa sAthe Ape che tenI kavitAmAM cAra ke pAMca lITI khuda marAThInI paNa maLe che, enuM kAraNu saMtabhaktonI cAlu avarajavaranuM hatuM. "" saurASTranA gujarAtI khelanArA kAThI" ane AhIra lakAmAM kAI vakhate sabhyatAthI kAi sannArIne saMkheAdhavAnA prasaMga sAMpaDe che tyAre teo "AI " zabdane bedhaDaka upayega kare che je "mA"te mATe marAThImAM vaparAya che. gujarAtI kavi premAnaMda marAThI hakUmatanI zarUAtamAM thaI gayA teNe keTalIka vakhata tenI kavitamAM durmila ' zabdanA upayAga karyAM kahevAya che, je zuddha marAThI bhASAne! zabda che. A uparAMta keTalAka zabdo ''aTAyA", "nA" vagere bahu ja sAdhAraNa thaI gayA che. gujarAtI bhASA marAThI karatAM vadhAre sApha rIte hiMdI sAthe nisbata dharAve che. hiMdI" ane "vraja''te| gujarAtI upara eTalA sakhta kAmU hatA ke yArAma, premAnaMda, narasiMha ane mIrAM jevA mahAna kavie upara paNa tenI asara thayA vinA rahI nahi. yArAmanA padasaMgrahamAM gujarAtI sAthesAthe vrajanuM pramANa paNa ThIka ThIka che. hiMdustAna sAmudAyika rIte jotAM cAle che. vaLI gujarAta te! ahiMsAbhakta rAtIonI jema nAjuka thaI gaI che. eTalI badhI narama ane nAjuka che ke e peAtAne gussA saMpUrNa paNe jAhera karI zakatA nathI. krAi gujarAtIne ahiMsAnA zAharAha upara che. gujarAtI bhASA gujakahevAya che ke gujarAtI bhASAmAM kAI AdamI

Page #40
28] gujarAtano ItihAsa jyAre roSa Ave che tyAre jANI joIne ke asthAne hiMdImAM pitAne gusso jAhera kare che. gujarAta vepAranuM mazahUra kSetra che. hiMdustAna tamAma AlamanA vepAranuM kendra gaNAtuM hatuM ane sArI duniyA mATe e mAla ane asabAba taiyAra karatuM hatuM. hiMdustAnano bIjA deze sAthe saMbaMdha sAdhAraNa rIte jaLamArgo hato ane gujarAta e mArgonI cAvI hatuM. asalanA jamAnAmAM surata bharUca khaMbhAta gujarAtanAM mukhya baMdare hatAM. gujarAtanuM eTaluM ja nahi paNa hiMdustAnanuM vepAranuM kAmakAja A ja baMdarothI cAlatuM hatuM. sauthI prathama purANA jamAnAmAM paradezI sodAgaramAM araba lekAe hiMdustAna sAthe vepAra-saMbaMdha bAMdhyo hato. hiMdustAna ane araba vepArIo vacce vepArane saMbaMdha Isu khristanI pahelAM hato. AthI keTalAka araba sodAgaroe khaMbhAta ane gujarAtanAM baMdaro upara potAnuM raheThANu pasaMda karyuM. khaMbhAta arabanuM khAsa kendra hatuM, ane tethI gujarAtI bhASA upara arabI jabAnanI asara thAya e svAbhAvika che. A saMbaMdha musalamAnonI hakUmata Ada tethI paNa vadhAre gADha thayo. IsvI sAtamI sadI pachI musalamAne hiMdustAnanA ghaNAM judA judA bhAgomAM vadhAre ne vadhAre pramANamAM vasatA gayA. paThANa, turka, megala, araba ane ghaNuM bIjI musalamAna kemee hiMdustAna upara humalA karyA tenI asara gujarAta upara thaI. A asarathI e bacI zake ema nahatuM. mahamUda gijhanIe hiMdu rAjA bhImadevanA jamAnAmAM gujarAta upara savArI karI; paraMtu tyAM vasavATa karavAne badale te somanAtha mahAdevanuM meTuM maMdira lUMTI tyAMthI cAlI gayo. tenA pachI zihAbuddIna gArIe "bhoLA bhImadeva "nA vakhatamAM gujarAta lUMTavAnI banatI koziza karI, pachI paraMtu aMgata TaMTAne laIne alAuddIna khilajIe AkharI hiMdu rAjA karaNadeva pAsethI te jItI lIdhuM. e vakhate gujarAtanI

Page #41
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [ 29 rAjadhAnI aNahIlavADa (ke pATaNa)thI badalI amadAvAda asAvala (asAravA) pAse pheravavAmAM AvI. teno pAyo ahamadazAhe I. sa. 1411-hi. sa. 813mAM nAkhe. tyArathI amadAvAda gujarAtanuM pAyatakhta thayuM. mahamUda begaDAe mahemadAvAdano pAyo nAkhyo ane jUnAgaDha ane cAMpAnera (cAMpAnera)nA killA upara phateha meLavI. have musalamAnoe kaMI paNa rukAvaTa sivAya tamAma gujarAta ane saurASTra upara hakUmata hAsila karavAnuM zarU karyuM. prathamathI ja jaNAvI devAmAM AvyuM che ke samAjanI asara sAhitya upara thAya che. sAhityakIya ane rAjakIya ItihAsamAM kaMI ne kaMI maLatApaNuM hoya che. A baMnemAM eka bIjA upara asara thayA vinA rahetI nathI. musalamAnoe satata keTalIye sadI parvata gujarAta upara rAjya karyuM ane tethI AjakAlanI aMgrejI bhASAnI asaranI peThe phArasI ane arabI jabAnanI thoDIghaNI asara gujarAtI upara thaI A ja kAraNathI gujarAtI zabdakozamAM phArasI ane arabI zabdo jovAmAM Ave che. ane sAmAnya keTInA abhyAsIo mATe je zabdo vadhAre pramANamAM rUDha thaI gayA che tene taphAvata jANo kaMIka aMze muzkela che. emAMnA keTalAka zabdo bhaLI zakyA nathI ane keTalAka zabdazAstranA kAnUna mujaba pitAnAM asala rUpathI badalAI gujarAtI zabdo banI gayA che, jevA ke Aje ApaNe te joIe chIe evA phArasI ane arabI zabdomAMthI thoDA asalarUpa ane badalAyelA rUpamAM nIce pramANe AvyA cheH - "muzkela, kala herAna, purAna, eNba, gera, hAjara, anAmata (amAnata), palda, asara, khajAno, Dagale, bAga, gAlIce, khAnuM, dIvAne, jhanAne, kharI, jAmo, dAne (dANa), nagAruM, najalo, kAvo (kahavA), takiyo, zIzI, hisso, mahelle, hato, garIba, gulAma, sAla, vagere tamAma zabdo eTalA badhA jANItA thaI gayA che ke gujarAtI bolanArA leke A zabda vAtacItamAM

Page #42
30 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa aTakayA vagare vApare che. A phArasI ane arabI zabda belacAlamAM te lakhANamAM eTalA sAdhAraNa thaI gayA che ke temane tyAga karo bilakula nirarthaka che ane vyAvahArika rIte saMbhavita nathI. AvI rIte kharAba karavAnI tajavIjano khyAla karavo e paNa majAka karavA jevI vAta che. uparAMta khuda gujarAtanA musalamAna paNa pitAnA gharamAM gujarAtI bole che. emanI urdU jabAna paNa ati kharAba che ane te eka gujarAtI urdU jabAna banI gaI che. AvI rIte gujarAtanI hiMdu ane musalamAna baMne komoe eka sAmAnya jabAna bolavAnuM zarU karyuM ane teoe sudhArAnAM ati maLatAvaDAM rahasyo ane rivAje akhatyAra karyA che. A baMnenA meLApathI emanA komI IblAsane poSaNa maLyuM che. irAnI khAsiyato gujarAtanA lokomAM ane jabAnamAM jovAmAM Ave che. saMbaMdhI sarvanAma "ke" phArasI jabAnamAMthI AvyuM che. gujarAtanI adAlato ane kacerIomAM vaparAtA tamAma zabda phArasI athavA arabI jabAnamAMthI AvyA che. niyama che ke keI videzI prema bIjI koma upara humalo kare che tyAre humalo karanArI kAma InsAphanI vyavasthAmAM ghaNuMkharA zabda pitAnI jabAnanA dAkhala kare che. zarUAtamAM navI hakUmatanI saMbhALane AdhAra phakta tenI pheja ane adAlata upara hoya che. je zabdo temAM vaparAya che te kArasI ke arabI jabAnamAMthI levAmAM AvyA che. te jamAnAne adAlata khAtAne zuddha musalamAnI pozAka hato, tenuM eka kAraNa upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ane bIjuM kAraNa e che ke je pezAka kamara sudhI paheravAmAM Ave che te musalamAnanA vakhatanI bakSisa che. maslima hakumatanA samayamAM je hiMduo vajIra ane pradhAnanA UMcA dhdhA upara hatA teo nAgara ke kAyastha jAtanA hatA. hiMduo hisAba-khAtAmAM cAlAka hatA. nAgara ane kAyasthanuM valaNa rAjakIya bAbate tarapha vadhAre hatuM tethI tene saMbaMdha adAlate ane darabAro

Page #43
bhAga 1 leughAta sAthe hatA. adAlatanI jabAna. phArasI hatI. ene e jabAna zIkhavI paDatI hatI ane eo e zIkhatA hatA. tethI hiMduoe phArasI zIkhavuM zarU karyuM. A paradezI jabAnanA meLanI asara temanI mAtRbhASAne rasika ane utkRSTa karavAmAM phAyadAkAraka nIvaDI. nAgaremAM phArasI bhASAmAM vAta karavAnI eka phezana hatI. ane Aja paNa ApaNe A nAgare ane kAyasthone A jabAnathI vAkepha joIe chIe. A musalamAnonI hakUmatanI asarane laIne ghaNA phArasI ane arabI zabdo gujarAtI bhASAmAM dAkhala thayA. have ApaNe joIzuM ke bIjI kaI keme gujarAtI bhASA upara asara karI che. aMgreja lokonA AvyA pahelAM pheMca ane Daca loko hiMdustAnamAM vepAra-arthe vasavATa karI cUkayA hatA. Daca leke vadhAre mudata rahI zakyA nahi, paraMtu picugIjha ane pheMca lekAe hiMdustAna sAthe pitAno saMbaMdha lAMbo vakhata sudhI jALavI rAkhe. emaNe potAnA vepAranAM kendro sthApyAM. govA ane damaNa Aja paryata picugIjhonA kabajAmAM che. gujarAtano vepAra-saMbaMdha teo sAthe hato ane tethI ghaNAkharA vepAra bAbatanA zabdo pocugIjho pAsethI AvyA che, jemAMnA thaDA nIce mujabanA che: hA kusa (kerI), pAyarI (kerI), anenAsa, kAphI, kAju, baTATA, TamATA, taMbAku, aMgreja, Ijanera (ejIniyara) vagere. A uparAMta gujarAtI bhASAe ghaNAkharA mulka ane prAMtanI khAsiyata akhatyAra karI che. galIdaMDA gujarAtanI eka khAsa ramata che. A ramatanA khAsa zabdo tAmiLa bhASAmAMthI levAmAM AvyA che? dAkhalA tarIke vakaTa, lena, mUDha, nAla vagere. elacI kanaDI zabda che. AvI rIte tAmiLa kanaDI ane bIjI dakSiNanA dUradUranA pradezonI bhASAomAM paNa gujarAtI bhASAnA zabdakozamAM thoDeghaNe hisso adA karyo che. AjakAla ghaNI, baMgALI bhASAnI ghaNIkharI navalakathA ane nATakanA tarajumA gujarAtImAM karavAmAM Ave che. Amina na lena ane bI

Page #44
32] gujarAtane itihAsa kalakattAnI vepAra karanArI kAmomAM ghaNe moTe bhAga gujarAtIone che. gujarAtamAM ApaNe ghaNA lokone baMgALI bhASAne abhyAsa karatA joIe chIe. gujarAtI zabda "mahAzaya" je aMgrejI zabda " sara (sir)"nI barAbara che te saMskRta zabda baMgALImAM khAsa vaparAya che, jene ApaNe tyAM vaparAza zarU thayo che. have ApaNe joIzuM ke hAlanI korTa (adAlatI) bhASA eTale ke aMgrejI bhASAnI gujarAtI bhASA upara keTale aMze asara thaI che. aMgreja leke hiMdustAna upara doDha sadIthI hakUmata karI rahyA che. aMgrejI zikSaNanA saMbaMdhamAM keTalAka kAyadA 1833mAM hiMdustAnamAM karavAmAM AvyA hatA. hiMdustAnanA vatanIone aMgrejI zikSaNa ApavAnI yojanA karavAmAM AvI ane temane kArakuna ane gulAma banAvavA mATe mAdhyamika ane ucca zikSaNa aMgrejI bhASA mArata ApavAnI tajavIja karavAmAM AvI hatI. ane e pramANe Aja paryata tamAma vidyAabhyAsanI saMsthAomAM cAlu che. lorDa mekaeNlee aMgrejI bhASA mAraphata zikSaNa ApavA bAbata potAnA vicAre vyakta karyA hatA. emaNe zarUAtamAM ja jAhera karyuM hatuM ke A yojanAthI hiMdustAnamAM khristI vicAreno rasto mokaLo thaze. ane kharekhara ema ja banyuM. zikSaNa mATe mAtRbhASAne badale rAjyaktanI jabAnane pasaMda karavAmAM AvI. ane AvI rIte dezanI bhASA baLajabarIthI dabAI gaI A pramANe ghaNAe aMgrejI zabdo vAtacItamAM ane vyAkhyAnamAM, vijJAna, ItihAsa ane bhUgoLane lagatA gujarAtI zabdakozamAM dAkhala thayA. vijJAna (sAyansa)nA viSayanA lagabhaga tamAma zabdo aMgrejI bhASAnA che. e ja pramANe ejIniyariMgane lagatA zabdonuM paNa che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke tamAma vijJAna pazcima sAthe ja saMbaMdha dharAve che. A arvAcIna zodho mATe gujarAtI bhASAmAM potAnA zabdo nathI. AnAthI eka phAyado e thayo ke zabdakozanI vRddhi tha da. je zabda dararojanA vaparAzamAM AvyA

Page #45
bhAga 1 aA-upAdghAta [ 33 kare che te A che : Tebala, kATa, pesTa oNphisa, pesTakArDa, korTa, jaja, misTara, mAsTara, sAyansa, skUla, kaoNleja, sTezana, relve, Trena, kalAsa, brija, pepara, glAsa, mazIna, bAisikala, meATarakAra, enjIna, enjIniyara, ilekTrisiTI, peAlIsa, geTa, yunivarsiTI, gaTara, nekaTAI, khela vagere. rivAja, sabhyatA ane pozAka mATe paNa aMgrejI zabdo che. phAja, korTa, rAjyavyavasthA, zikSaNa, pazcimanI keLavaNIne lAgatI bAbatAmAM paNa aMgrejI zabdo maLe che! eka vakhata evA hatA ke jyAre tamAma gujarAta eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu sArA hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejI bhASA jArI thaI cUkI hatI. paraMtu sArA nasIbe rASTriya jussA jAgrata thavAthI upara varNavelI hAlatamAM bahu jhaDapI pheraphArI thaI rahyA che. ane mAtRbhASA sAthe mehabbata karavAthI natI e AvyA ke saskRta zabdo pazu banAvavAnuM zarU thayuM che. ApaNe vakhateAvakhata joyuM che ke samAja ane sAhitya haMmezAM ekabIjA sAthe vIMTaLAyelAM rahyAM che, ane leAkeA jANI joI te pAtAnI jarUrariyAtA pramANe navA zabdo banAvI le che. kahI zakAya ke navI pravRttie navA e traNa zabdo joDI ane navA zabdo athavA te purANA zabdone nave! jAme paherAvI taiyAra karyA che. jyAre asahakAranI caLavaLa jora para hatI tyAre bhASA ane sAhitya paNa navAM svarUpe! akhatyAra karI rahyAM hatAM. jo ke asala zabda "kAoparezana' (sahakAra) hatA have teneA zabda "nenakAparezana " (asahakAra) cAlu thaI gayA ane " sivila Disa-ebiDiyansa "tA khAsa a ' satyAgraha " karavAmAM Avye. A uparAMta asahakAranI caLavaLathI bhASAmAM amuka aMze phera paDayA. pahelAM zabdAne mahattva ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM; have temanI jagyA vicArAe lIdhI. have gujarAtI bhASA joradAra, sAdI, vicAra-bhAvanAthI bharapUra, majabUta, ane asarakAraka thaI gaI che. kUTAtha vAkyAne jamAnA gayA che. " 3

Page #46
34] gujarAtano ItihAsa gujarAtI bhASA madhurI thaI che. A bhASAmAM tAmiLa bhASAnI ugratA nathI, temaja marAThI bhASAnI kaThoratA nathI. je pramANe gujarAtamAM nAnAM zera, nAnAM ghara, sAMkaDI galIo, nAnA loTa, nAnAM zahere. ane nAnI saDako hoya che tema tenI bhASA paNa nirdoSa chokarAMnI jema nAnI, nAjuka, niSkapaTI, mIThI ane suMdara che. duniyAe gujarAtI sAhityane strI sAhitya ane bhASAne strI bhASA gaNI che. emAM evI suMdaratA che ke koI vakhata koI paradezI mANasa AvI garabA garabI jue che tyAre te kharekhara gujarAtanA sauMdarya ane tenI bhASAthI herata thAya che. hiMdu strIo Aso mahinAnI pahelI nava rAtomAM gujarAtI bhASAmAM thAya che. eo goLAkAra UbhI rahe che ane gAtAM gAtAM tALI pADe che, ane paga jamIna upara ThekatI AsapAsa phare che. garabA-sAhitya , gAnArA ane abhyAsa karanArA devInI zakti, enAM khUbasUratI, pizAka ane AbhUSaNanI tArIpha kare che, ane enI rahemanajara mATe kAlAvAlA kare che. gujarAtanuM A jAtanuM sAhitya baMgALAmAM paNa maLe che. tyAM madhyakALanA baMgALI kAvyanA hareka kavie haMmezAM kALInI tArIpha karI che ema kahIne ke te mAtA che, rakSaka che, ane keTalIkavAra vinAzaka paNa che. Aso mahinAnA pahelA nava divasa khAsa karIne devInI pUjA mATe mukarara karelA che. ane te vakhate saurASTramAM puruSo ane gujarAtamAM strIo garabA vadhu pramANamAM gAya che. strIonuM goLAkAra pharavuM ane tALI pADI pADIne tALa meLavavA, ane adhuM zarIra jhukAvI mukAvIne rAtrine samaye moDe sudhI garabA gAvA manohara ane najare jovA jevuM hoya che. surata, vaDodarA, amadAvAda ane muMbaI jevAM sthaLAmAM strIonA garabA mardonA karatAM vadhAre mane raMjaka hoya che. mA~ to phakta kUdI, UchaLI barADA pADe che ane tALI pADe che. jyAre bIjA prAMtane

Page #47
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [ 35 AdamI te strIone paDadA vagara pUrAM AbhUSaNa ane saMpUrNa AjhAdI saha gujarAtanAM zahero ane kasabAnI galIkUcImAM garabA gAtAM jue che tyAre te suMdara dekhAva nihALI herata thaI jAya che. gujarAtanA garabAnuM khAsa sAhitya raheluM che. garabAno uddeza devInI tArIphamAM rAga ane AlApathI gAvAno hoya che. vallabha dhoLAe bahucarAjI mAtAnI tArIphamAM garabA lakhyA che. enA pachI te viSayanA uttama kavi dayArAma hatA. emaNe emanA garabAmAM rAdhA ane kRSNanI lIlA ane premanA kissA batAvyA che. joke e vadhAre pasaMda che ane ghaNI kharI strIo e garabA dilathI cAhe che. navAyugamAM kavi nAnAlAla rAsa ane garabAnA uttama kavi thaI gayA che. atyAra sudhI garabAne viSaya AdhyAtmika prema hatuM temAM emaNe aihika premane umero karyo che. garabA gujarAtanI eka khAsiyata che. gujarAtI bhASAnA prakAre tamAma gujarAtamAM gujarAtI bhASA eka ja rIte bolAtI nathI, paraMtu judI judI jagyA mATe vividha uccAra che. gujarAtI bhASAnA traNa mukhya prakAra gaNI zakAya - - (1) amadAvAdI-e gujarAtI bolI che je khAsa karIne amadAvAda ane enI AsapAsa bolAya che. (2) kAThiyAvADI -je ke gujarAtI bolI che, paraMtu enA uccAraNamAM phera che. saurASTra-kAThiyAvADanA lokonA uccAra sAMkaDA hoya che. teo "sa" ne badale "ha" jevuM bele che. (3) kacchI -je ke kaccha gujarAtamAM che paraMtu tyAMnI bolI bilakula judI ja che. tenA upara sidhI jabAnanI vadhu pramANamAM asara che. amadAvAdI ke brAThiyAvADI leka kacchI bhASA samajI zakatA nathI. A pharaka hovA chatAM tamAma lekenI vepAravANijyanI bhASA sAmAnya gujarAtI bolAya che te ja che. sAhitya paNa maLatuM Ave che. kacchI gujarAtI bhASA karatAM siMdhInI eka zAkhA che. ane te evI

Page #48
gujarAtane ItihAsa belI che je phakta belAya che paraMtu lakhAtI nathI. gujarAtI bhASAnI eka bIjI zAkhA suratI belI che. A belI suratamAM belAya che. ahIM "za" ne badale "ha" bolAya che. jemake "nizALa" ne badale "nihALa" belAya che. gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa bhASA ane vyAkaraNa eka bIjAthI judAM karI zakAtAM nathI. vyAkaraNa e bhASAnI cAvI che. ahIM ApaNe gujarAtI bhASA ane gujarAtI sAhitya vize joyuM. have enA vyAkaraNa vize kaI lakhavAmAM Ave te geravAjabI nathI. zarUAtamAM gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa na hatuM. dhaNuM purANA vakhatamAM siddharAja jyasiMhanA jamAnAmAM hemacaMdra vyAkaraNa lakhyuM hatuM, paraMtu e purANuM gujarAtI bhASA eTale ke apabhraMzanuM hatuM. arvAcIna bhASAnA vyAkaraNa sAthe ene nahi jevo ja saMbaMdha che. gujarAtamAM ApaNe vistIrNa bhaNatara mATe pAdarI (mizanarI) enA RNI chIe. emaNe purANuM pustake ekaThAM kayAM. gujarAtI bhASAnuM prathama vyAkaraNa paNa eka aMgrejI mizanarInI mahenatane natIje che. gujarAtI mULAkSare saMskRta bhASAmAMthI lIdhelA che. pahelAM te akSara upara lITI doravAmAM AvatI hatI jevI rIte "devanAgarI"mAM karavAmAM Ave che; dAA bAya jhI che, zabda paNa judA judA lakhAtA nahi hatA. have mAthA upara lITI doravAnI paddhati dhIme dhIme jatI rahI che; paraMtu vepArIonI haju sudhI e ja paddhati che. eo lakhANu-kAmamAM ane khAtAvahImAM lITI dore che. gujarAtI mULAkSaranA svare ane vyaMjane nIce pramANe che : a, A, I, I, u, U, , e, ai, o, au, aM, aDa, ka, kha, ga, gha, Da, ca, cha, ja, jha, ba, Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, Na, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, va, za, Sa, ha, La, kSa, jJa, svara be prakAranA cheH havu ane doI. a, ba, ka TUMkA che

Page #49
[ 37 bhAga 1 -upoddaghAta ane bAkInA lAMba che. gujarAtI padya -gujarAtI bhASAmAM padyavibhAga paNa bahoLo che. IsvI paMdaramI sadIthI mAMDIne Aja paryatamAM ghaNue gujarAtI kavi thaI gayA che. narasiMha, mIrAM (strI) ane bhAlaNa gujarAtInA purANA kavio hatA. narasiMhano samakAlIna kavi bhAlaNa nAmano hato. jo ke narasiMha ane mIrAM jeTaluM mazahUra na hato te chatAM e vidvAna hato. je jamAnAmAM koI paNa prAMtika bhASA saMskRta graMzenA tarajUmA mATe magarUra na hatI te samaye bhAlaNe saMskRtanA mazahUra bANa bhaTTanI kAdambarIne sArAnuvAda jUnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM padyamAM karyo hato. e to niHsaMzaya che ke saMskRta padyane tarajumo gujarAtI padyamAM kare e eka ghaNuM muzkela kAma che. bhAlaNe puSkaLa graMtha racyA che. e jamAnAmAM bIjA keTalAka kavio paNa hatA, jemake bhIma (I. sa. 1484) ane panAbha vagere. padmanAbhe eka etihAsika kAvya lakhyuM hatuM jenuM nAma "kAnhaDade prabaMdha" che. e gujarAtI sAhityamAM advitIya gaNAya che. emAM allAuddIna khalajInI gujarAta upara caDAI ene pitAnA mulakamAMthI pasAra thavA devAnI kAnhaDadenI manAI ane tyAra pachI thayelI laDAI kAnhaDadenA putra vIrama ane zAhajAdI vacce premanI zarUAta ane jenI kucanuM vigatavAra varNana, zahera upara meLavelI phateha, pitAnI hAra mATe musalamAna oratoe karelo kalpAMta, zAhajAdI phIrojhAnI nirAzA A tamAma banAvo taphasIlavAra ane joradAra rIte khyAna karavAmAM AvyA che. e jabAna vadhAre purANuM mAluma paDe che. sababa e che ke A kAvya vyApaka nahi thavAthI tenA asala rUpamAM jhAjho pheraphAra thavA pAmyo nathI. seLamI sadIne ane sattaramI sadIno samaya gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsamAM uttama gaNAya che. philasUpha akho, premAnanda ane zivadAsa (vArtAkavi) jevA mahAna zAeroe e ja sadImAM pragati karI che.

Page #50
38 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa akhA:-amadAvAdanA eka mAladAra sesanIe samAjathI kaMTALI jaI peAtAnI tamAma jiMdagI "sadguru"nI zodhamAM khapAvI devAnA dRDha nizcaya karyAM. jyAre jyAre ane jyAM jyAM te sAdhuonI jamAtamAM gayA tyAM guru sArI hAlatamAM jaNAyA nahi. ene kAI sadguru maLI zakayo nahi. enI khAhiza eka evA sadguNI gurune hAsila karavAnI hatI ke je tene sAceA rastA batAve. e e ja zeAdhamAM bahAra nIkaLI paDayo. kAzI ane prayAganI jAtrAe jatI vakhate rastAmAM eNe gAkuLamAM gAsvAmI gAkaLanAthajIne tyAM mukAma karyAM je vaiSNavanA vallabhAcA'nA saMpradAyanA vaDA hatA. e tavaMgara hatA tethI enuM puSkaLa mAnapAna karavAmAM AvyuM. paraMtu A jJAnapipAsune jJAnano tRpti emanI pAsethI thaI nahi. enI aMtaranI abhilASA atRpta hatI. eka kAbela gurune meLavavAmAM e kAmiyAba na thayA. eka vakhata kAzI najIka eka jhU'paDImAM eNe eka sa'nyAsIne eka ja celA AgaLa vedAMtanA siddhAMtA byAna karatA joyA. eka AvA pavitra zaheramAM jyAM eka sAdhAraNa guru paNa eka seA celA jamA karI zakatA haiAya tyAM A eka asAdhAraNa banAva hatA. kheAdha apAtI vakhate akhA jhU'paDInI pAtaLI dIvAleAnI pAchaLa chupAI rahIne ene kheAdha bahu ja dhyAnapUrvaka sAMbhaLavA lAgyA. AvI rIte keTalAka dina pasAra thayA. celAne! e zirastA hatA ke zabdonA javAba dhImethI ke zira halAvI ApavA. pariNAme tenI hiMmatamAM vRddhi thatI rahe. vaLI AthI celAnuM citta ane grahaNazaktinuM mApa rahe. A tamAma keAzize heAvA chatAM A khAsa AAtA rAja nidrAne vaza thaI jateA hateA ane gurunI dilacaspI kAyama rAkhavAnuM jarUrI hAvAthI dIvAla pAchaLathI akhA javAba ApyA karatAM hatA. AthI gurujI sAvadhAna thayA ane tapAsa karatAM mAlUma paDayuM ke e akhA che. temaNe AvA vamAnanA vicitra tarIkAnuM kAraNa pUchyuM. akhAe je kaMI banyuM hatuM enuM myAna karyuM ane peAtAne ziSya tarIke svIkAravAnI

Page #51
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta ( 36 darakhAsta peza karI......... potAnI A khAhizanI sAbitI mATe eNe pAchalA bAra mahinAmAM sAMbhaLelI tamAma kathA kahI batAvI. svAmIjIne khAtrI thaI ke akhAne emanAmAM puSkaLa zraddhA che. eNe ene pitAne ziSya banAvyo. akhAe vedAMta upara kAbU hAsila karyo. A duniyAnI dagalabAjIthI e kaMTALI gayo hato. eNe A duniyAne, sAcI hastInI talAsamAM tilAMjali ApI. eNe ghaNI kavitA lakhI che jemAM duniyA ane enA rItarivAjone lagatA ghaNuM bedhadAyaka pATho eNe zIkhavyA che. eNe vedAMta siddhAMtane padyamAM lakhavAnI koziza karI hatI. kharekhara A eka kaThaNa kAma hatuM. evA viSayane padyamAM lakhavAmAM enI zilI mehaka thaI haze. enI bhASA paNa zuddha che; layabaddha nathI. emAM kamaLatA ane suMdaratA nathI. jabAna upara ene kaI khAsa prIti nathI. kavi kahevaDAvavAnI tenI umeda na hatI. premAnaMda -I. sa. 1636thI 1704 daramyAna vaDodarAmAM eka bIje gujarAtI sAhityamAM niSNAta kavi thaI gayo. gujarAtanI bhASA ane sAhityane gulAmInA kIcaDamAMthI bahAra kheMcI kADhanAra kharekhara e ja hato. narasiMhanI mAphaka e 14 ke 15 sAlanI umara paryata vidyAbhyAsathI vegaLo rahyo hato. enuM nAma premAnaMda hatuM. e samaye purANano abhyAsa karanAre eka varga hato, paraMtu atyAranA jevI sthitimAM nahi. teo gAgariyA bhaTTanA ane "mANabhaTTanA nAmathI oLakhAtA hatA. A loko brAhmaNa hoya che. teo vAMcatI vakhate tAla devAne eka sAMkaDA manI tAMbAnI gAgara ke mANu vagADe che. AvI kathA samajatI ane khyAna sAthe ja sAdI ane dilacaspa jabAnamAM galIomAM maMDaLI AgaLa vAMcavAmAM Ave che. Ama varganA leke upara A kathAnI asara bahu ja thatI hatI. AvI rIte purANanuM jJAna ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. mahAbhArata ane rAmAyaNanuM je thoDuM ghaNuM jJAna sAmAnya vargane che e mANabhaTTane lIdhe ja che. premAnaMda

Page #52
40 ]. gujarAtano ItihAsa paMDe mANabhaTTa hato. e kathAne mATe kAvya lakhato ane moTI maMDaLI AgaLa gAto hato. mahAbhArata ane bhAgavatamAMthI viSayo laIne khuda AkhyAna ane kathA padyamAM lakhato hate. raNayajJa, okhAharaNa, naLAkhyAna vagere A jAtanA enA graMtha che. emAMnA viSayo purANanI kathAmAMthI levAmAM AvyA che. enA tamAma graMthamAM naLAkhyAna lekene bahu ja pasaMda che. e sarvano mAnIto graMtha che eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu gujarAtI padyagraMthomAM e sarvathI uttama gaNAya che. citra mahinAmAM "okhAharaNa" vAMcavAno rivAja hareka gharamAM nahi to karIba karIba hareka gAma ane kasabAmAM te jarUra ja jovAmAM Ave che. samAjanAM rasamo ane rivAjo, caLa ane acaLa cIjonI zabdamAM tasvIra ane puruSa ane strIonAM lakSaNe vagerethI pUrNa premAnaMdanAM AkhyAne upamA ane alaMkArathI bharapUra che. emAM eno koI paNa kavi harIpha thaI zakato nathI. e svataMtra rIte gujarAtI jabAna upara hakUmata kare che. premAnandanI bhASA ati madhura ane nAjuka che. Aja paryata keI zamsa enI zilInI sAcI nakala karavAmAM kAmiyAba thayo nathI. teNe kAvyamAM Izvarastuti temaja ghaNuM mahAna puruSonI tArIpha karI che. narasiMhanA jIvanacaritra vize teNe ghaNuM lakhyuM che. uttama koTinI zArImAM premAnanda zreSTha che. - zAmaLabhaTa premAnandanI pachI thayA. amadAvAdanI najIkamAM AvelA (je hAlamAM gomatIpura kahevAya che.) vejalapura vatanI hatA. kavi tarIke premAnandanA mukAbalAmAM bIjA naMbarane gaNAya che. premAnandane purANu purANamAMthI viSaya pasaMda karavAnI Adata hatI, jyAre zAmaLa jUnI lekakathAo padyamAM banAvato hate. zAmaLa gujarAtI sAhityamAM vArtAlekhanano rivAja jArI karyo hatuM. je ene gujarAtane sUphI kahIe to kaMI khoTuM nathI. vArtA e navalakathAono Dere che. zAmaLanA viSayamAM strI pAtro

Page #53
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [41 kamaLa, bhaNelAM ane ramUjI che. zAmaLanA kissAomAM nAcanArIenuM pramANa vadhAre che, ne dhArmika jamAta vize ene kaMI bhedabhAva nathI. e samAjanA Apa ApanA saMbaMdhanI paravA karato nathI paNuM nItizAstranA siddhAMto anusAra cAle che. eka vANiyo kaMI paNa vAMdhA sivAya kaI paNa nAcanArI sAthe lagnasaMbaMdha bAMdhe che ane ene cAritryane kaMI paNa DAgha lAgatuM nathI; eo paNa enI khidamatamAM koIpaNa jAtanI kamI rAkhatI nathI. tyAre strIo ApasamAM eka bIjIne bahena tarIke gaNe che. eo mardonI mAphaka bahAdura ane nIDara hoya che. maradane asala svabhAva oratamAM batAvavAmAM AvyA che. zAmaLanAM strI pAtro juvAna che, paNa buddAonA jevAM akkalavALAM che. jyAre eo eka bIjAnAM Azaka thAya che tyAre emAM marada ane strI pAtronA manovikAra paNa evA ja hoya che. ane emanA Izkane aMjAma haMmezAM lagna hoya che. phakta khUbasUratI, sAce prema ke jussAne laIne eo lagna kare che, paraMtu ghaNI vakhata mAbApanI marajI viruddha hoya che. "aMgadaviSTi" "padmAvatI", "naMdabatrIsI" ane "siMhAsana batrIsI" "sUDAbahettarI", enAM bahu ja suMdara kAvya che. enI jabAna sAdI che, paraMtu bahu ja lAgaNI utpAdaka che. eNe gujarAtI bhASA upara UMDI chApa pADI che. enA chappAe ene amara banAvyo che. enI lakhANanI zailI advitIya che, arthAta "sAdI bhASA, sAdI kaDI, sAdI vAta viveka," evAM mAlUma paDe che. je sAdI bhASAmAM zikhAmaNa ApI zake che te ja sAco kavi che. rakhIdAsa eka mAladAra, kaNabI paTela zAmaLane AzrayadAtA hatA. te sadInA nAnA nAnA kavionI saMkhyA ati nAnI hatI. amadAvAdamAM A samaya daramyAna eka vallabhabhaTTa dheLA nAmano kavi thaI gayo che, je mahAdevane mahAna bhakta hato. eNe bahucarA mAtAnA ghaNu garabA lakhyA che. e bhaNela gaNela na hato.

Page #54
42 ]. gujarAtane itihAsa enA vize kahevAya che ke mahAdevI enA upara eTalI badhI khuza thaI gaI ke eNe pitAnI daivI zaktithI enAmAM jJAna mUkavuM. bheje bhakta eka bhaktakavi hato. te emaNusamI sadImAM thaI gaye hato. tene janma pATIdAra ke kaNabI gharamAM thayuM hatuM. te bilakula bhaNyo na hato, paNa bhakta hato ane eNe ghaNAM bhajano lakhyAM hatAM. eNe potAnA jamAnAmAM sudhArAnAM rahasyo ane rivAje upara sakhata TIkA karI che. zAmaLanA chappA, prItama dAsanAM pado, narasiMhanAM prabhAtiyAM ane bhejAnA cAbakhA e sarvatra mazahUra che. eNe ekAMtavAsa ane luccAInI sakhta jhATakaNI karI che. enI jabAna zaherIonI jevI zuddha nathI paraMtu satyaniSThAthI bharapUra che. e na te bhaNele gaNelo ane na to sudharelo hato. giradhara I. sa. 1787mAM A phAnI duniyAmAM janma laI I. sa. 185ramAM bAkI duniyA tarapha kUca karI gaye. rAmAyaNane gujarAtI bhASAno anuvAda eNe karyo che, ane ghaNuM leke enuM gujarAtI rAmAyaNa vAMce che. svAminArAyaNa sahajAnaMda svAmIe eka jamAta gujarAta ane saurASTramAM kAyama karI hatI (jeo ayodhyAthI AvyA hatA) te bahu jANItI vAta che. A baMne vibhAgomAM enA ghaNAe anuyAyIo che. e sadImAM sahajAnaMda svAmIne mAnanArA saMkhyAbaMdha leke maLI Ave che, jemAMnA be brahmAnaMda ane nikulAnaMda uttama keTInA che. brahmAnaMdanAM pado Aja paNa leke ati jhoka ane zokhathI gAya che. gujarAtI sAhityanA samayanA be vibhAga gaNavAmAM Ave che? (1) purANe jamAne, (2) Adhunika jamAne, purANo jamAne paMdaramI sadIthI ogaNIsamI sadI sudhI gaNAya che ane Adhunika jamAnAnI zarUAta ogaNIsamI sadIthI gaNAya che.

Page #55
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [ 43 . je kavi A jamAnAmA thayo te eka khAsa dhArmika jamAta sAthe nisbata dharAvato hato. je vidyAthIo temanA graMthone abhyAsa karavA IcchatA hoya temaNe sauthI prathama A judI judI jamAtone abhyAsa karavo joIe ane emanI judI judI mAnya tAo samajavI joIe. A pramANe ja ApaNe A saMbaMdha dharAvatI vividha jamAtathI vAkepha thaIe tyAre ja A kaviono saMpUrNa rIte abhyAsa karI zakIe. je te bAbatanuM ApaNane pUrepUruM jJAna na hoya to ApaNe A kaviomAMthI ekene InsApha ApI zakIe nahi. ApaNe yogya rIte samajyA sivAya ApaNuM purANa zAerene abhyAsa karI zakatA nathI. vaLI e mATe mAnabharI rIte tenI jamAtanI mAnyatA upara vicAra karavo ghaTe che. je ApaNe dharmacusta rahIne AvuM kAma karIe te jarUra emanI tarapha gerainsAphI karIzuM. narasiMhane ane dayArAmane samajavA mATe veSNavavRtti vize vAkepha thavuM jarUrI che. mIrAMnA anuyAyI thavA mATe mIrAM jevA thavuM joIe. purANA jamAnAnA sauthI AkharI ane gujarAtanA uttama kavi ApaNu raMgIlA "dayArAma" hatA. - kavitA dayArAmane kudaratI bakSiza hatI. bacapaNathI ja te nAnI nAnI kavitA lakhate hato. ema kahevAya che ke teNe tenI javAnImAM keTalAMka "pada" banAvyAM hatAM jemAM mukhyatve kRSNanI lIlA gAI che. teNe lagna karyuM na hatuM ane AkhI jiMdagI kuMvArI avasthA pasAra karI vRddhAvasthAmAM te avasAna pAmyo hato. hiMdustAnanI pavitra sthaLanI eNe pagapALA jAtrA karI hatI, jemAMthI eNe vividha jAtanA anubhavo hAsila karyA hatA. te hiMdustAnanA tamAma prAMtanI janatAthI vAkepha hato. e khUbasUrata ane dilaphareba hato. enI bolImAM madhuratA hatI. e vaiSNava dharma mAnato hato. enI uttama ane suMdara garabIone viSaya zrIkRSNanI bhakti che. dayArAmanI garabImAM premanI vAtanuM pramANa adhika che, paraMtu ene viSaya

Page #56
44] gujarAtano itihAsa bhakti hovAthI chokarIo koI paNa jAtanA vAMdhA sivAya potAnI mAtAnI AgaLa gAI zake che. dayArAmanI garabI mazahUra che. Izvara upara pitAne anaMta zraddhA hatI. enA guru IcchArAma bhaTTane e narasiMhane bIjo avatAra mAnato hato. eNe ghaNuM graMtha racyA che. enI jabAna mIThI ane dilacaspa che. enI lekhanazailI bahu ja sApha che. e svataMtra mIjAjane ane satyane cAhanAre hato. enA svabhAvanI jhalaka enI najhamomAM dIpI nIkaLe che. te gujarAtane "bAIrana" kahevAya che. purANuM jamAnAne te uttama zAera hato. Adhunika jamAnAnI zarUAta dayArAma pachI thAya che. e samaya pachI briTiza hakUmata majabUta thaI gaI. marAThAo gujarAtamAMthI cAlyA gayA hatA. pazcimanI tAlImanI zarUAta thaI cUkI hatI. muMbaI yunivarsiTInI sthApanA thaI gaI hatI. gujarAtanA pAyatanta amadAvAdamAM paNa keLavaNIno prasAra thaI gayuM hatuM. keTaluMka sAhitya dhana paNa thayuM hatuM. aMgreja mizanarInI madadathI gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa lakhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. amadAvAdamAM gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTInI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI A sosAyaTInA khAsa vyavasthApaka hatA. te Adhunika jamAnAnA prathama ane mukhya kavi che. kAvyanuM kendra, dharma hatuM te badalavAmAM AvyuM. have kavitAnA viSaya tarIke jiMdagInI tamAma prakAranI bAjU pasaMda karavAmAM AvatI hatI. dalapatarAmanA samakAlIna narmadAzaMkara surata zaheramAM I. sa. 1833 thI 1886 mAM thaI gayA hatA. sAhityanA medAnamAM A baMne zAere ekabIjAnA harIka hatA. ane pariNAme sAhityane vivAda thato hato. hoMzAzathI samAjane bahu ja phAyado thayo. dalapatarAma purANu dharmamaryAdAmAM mAnatA hatA ane narmadAzaMkara samAja-sudhAraka hatA. e kaMIka aMgrejI bhaNyA hatA. hareka purANI cIja tarapha narmadAzaMkarane napharata hatI. e baMne samAna hatA, paraMtu embIjAnI harIpha zaktio

Page #57
bhAga 1 lo-upaghAta [45 ekabIjA sAthe jaMga khelatI hatI. A zAerenA svabhAvanuM darzana enI racanAnA darpaNamAM mAluma paDe che. dalapatarAma unnatimAM mAnatA hatA ane narmadAzaMkara samAja sudhAraNAnA kAma mATe inkilAbI khayAle dharAvatA hatA. ane e nyAtajAtanI vyavasthAnuM kAma ekadama rada karavA mAgatA hatA. dalapatarAma kahetA hatA ke samAjanI unnatinuM kAma Aste Aste ane raphate raphate karavuM joIe. A cAlu jaMgathI sAhitya upara kAyadAkAraka asara thaI. narmadAzaMkara ane dalapatarAma gujarAtI sAhityanA saMmAnya kavi gaNAvA lAgyA. dalapatarAme ApaNuM sAhityamAM ghaNuM vadhAre karyo che. enI bhASA vicArazIla, mArmika, sAdI ane rasika che. enA doharA ane chede A bAbatanI sAbitI Ape che. eNe keTalAka garabA paNa banAvyA che. kavitA zIghratAthI banAvavAnI enAmAM kudaratI bakSiza hatI. te sAdA svabhAvavALA ane vizvAsu hatA. rAjyanA temaja sAmAnya varganA mANaso ene cAhatA hatA. narmadAzaMkara durAgrahI, taraMgI ane sudhAraka hatA. navajuvAne ene kavi tarIke bahu cAhatA hatA. enAM kAvyomAM jusso che ane enA vIrarasanI kavitA ApaNane bahAdurI zIkhave che. kAma zarU karyA bAda koI paNa rIte khatama karavAnI ene dhagaza hatI. narmadAzaMkara gujarAtI sAhityamAM gadyanI zarUAta karanAra prathama hatA. ene mAtRbhUmi mATe bahu mohabbata hatI. enI kavitA "jaya jaya garavI gujarAta " evuM eka svadezabhAvanAthI bhareluM gIta che. narmadAzaMkara gujarAtI zabdakoza taiyAra karanAre pahelA ja hatA. - bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAIe gujarAtI sAhityamAM "IzvarabhaktinA kAvyano pAyo nAMkhyo. kaI evo gujarAtI che ke jeNe kAThiyAvADamAM AvelA lAThInA ThAkora sAheba surasiMhajI gohIlanuM nAma nahi sAMbhaLyuM hoya ? te eka ja daSTAMta che ke pote rAjA temaja kavi paNa hato. enuM takhallusa "kalApI" hatuM. e kAvyano sUra

Page #58
46 ] gujarAtane ItihAsa varSARtumAM ekalA paDelA mattamayUranA jevo madhura che. enA samayamAM ghaNAM navAM ane judAM judAM to gujarAtI sAhityamAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. gujarAtamAM aMgrejI zikSaNa cAlu thavAthI dhIme dhIme aMgrejI bhASAnI khAsiyato ApaNI bhASAmAM praveza karavA lAgI hatI. atyAra sudhI kavitAno viSaya IzvarI prema hato, kalApIe enI najhamamAM dunyavI izka dAkhala karyo. kalApI navajavAno temaja vidyAthIono priya kavi che. enI kavitA premarasathI bharapUra che. je patro eNe potAnA dostone lakhyA hatA temAM sAhityane svAda che ane e ati suMdara che. enuM valaNa Izka tarapha vadhAre che. enAM kAvyo aMgata anubhavothI raMgAyelAM che. enA sArA nasIbe enA stomAM uttama sAhityarasika zakhkho hatA. - maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedI bhAvanagaranI zAmaLadAsa kolejamAM saMskRtanA prephesara hatA. temaNe ghaNuM nibaMdho lakhyA hatA. caritra uparanA nibaMdha vAMcavA jevA che. ema kahI zakAya ke A jamAnA sudhI gujarAtamAM uttama nATaka-sAhitya na hatuM. emanuM nATaka "kAMtA" gujarAtI nATakomAMnuM eka che. emaNe "uttararAmacarita" vagere keTalAMka saMskRta nATakanA anuvAda karyA che. emaNe philasUphI upara paNa ghaNuM nibaMdho lakhyA che. e saMskRtanA prophesara hatA, te chatAM emaNe phArasI zabdo gujarAtImAM vAparI bahu saphaLatAthI gajhalo lakhavAnI zarUAta karI hatI. govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA prathama varAyelA pramukha gujarAtI lekhakomAM ati agragaNya sthAna bhogave che. emanuM vatana naDiyAda hatuM. jAte nAgara brAhmaNa hatA. te gujarAtI, saMskRta ane aMgrejInA ati zokhIna abhyAsaka hatA. te vakhate gujarAtI jabAna eka ajaba hAlatamAMthI pasAra thaI rahI hatI. gujarAtInI sAthe saMskRta meLavI devAnI vidvAnI koziza hatI ane navA bhaNelA navajavAne gujarAtI upara aMgrejI bhASAnI

Page #59
bhAga 1 lA-upAdhdhAta [ 47 asara thAya evuM cAhatA hatA. geAvanarAma A rasAkasImAMthI kAmiyAmIthI pasAra thayA. eNe aMgrejI saMskRta ane gujarAtInI khAsiyate| khUbIthI ikhtiyAra karIne ekabIjA sAthe meLavI dIdhI. tenI AkharI navalakathA "sarasvatIcaMdra" gujarAtI sAhityamAM sauthI uttama graMtha che. ene cAra bhAgamAM chapAvavAmAM AvyA che. gAvadhanarAme emanI vidvattAnA khajAnA e graMthamAM khatama karI dIdhA che. enAM pAtrA ghaNI ja ucca kATinAM che. e eka mahAna madhyama darajjAnA bhaNelA khAnadAnanI sAmAjika navalakathA che. kumuda, kusuma (enI bahena), sarasvatIcaMdra, vidyAcatura, buddhidhana vagerene ApaNe ApaNI AMtarika najara AgaLa joi zakIe chIe. gujarAtI samAja upara A navalakathAnI suMdara chApa paDI che. TUMkamAM gujarAtI samAja sarasvatIcaMdra jevA thaI gayA che. emaNe mahAna gujarAtI kavionAM jIvanavRttAMtA aMgrejImAM lakhyAM che. e uparAMta emaNe pAtAnAM kAvyAne saMgraha chapAvyA che jenuM nAma ''snehamudrA" rAkhyuM che. emanA gadyanI nakala ati pramANamAM karavAmAM Ave che. emanuM avasAna I. sa. 1907mAM thayuM hatuM. have ApaNe ApaNA jamAnAmAM praveza karIe chIe. arvAcIna gujarAtI kavi ane lekhA vize lakhavAmAM Ave te kadAca e viSaya TIkApAtra thaI jAya tethI e kAma bhaviSyanA lekhakAne meM havAle karyuM che. paraMtu khatama karatA pahelAM gujarAtI sAhityanI cAlu hAlata vize TU MkamAM kaI kahIzuM. gujarAtI bhASAnI ghaNI unnati thai gaI che. dhaNAMe mAsikA bahAra pADavAmAM Ave che. kolejomAM paNu gujarAtI zIkhavavAmAM Ave che. gujarAtI sAhityanI dareka zAkhA upara ghaNAe vidvAne lakhanArA che. navalakathAo paNa lakhavAmAM Ave che. kanaiyAlAla munazI ane nArAyaNa Thakakure samAjasudhAraka navalakathAo lakhI che. gadya sAhitya sApha, sUtaruM ane suMdara che. AjakAla bhASAnI sAdAIe sAhityamAM eka svata Mtra sthAna. hAsila

Page #60
48] gujarAtano ItihAsa karyuM che, kRtrima DoLane badale sAdAI che. asahakAranI caLavaLe ghaNuM kAbela lekhake pedA karyA che. bIjI rIte kahIe to A caLavaLa sAhitya upara navI rozanI phekI che. A navI tarahanA khAsa lekhaka svarAjyanI caLavaLanA AtmA ApaNA pUjya mahAtmA gAMdhIjI hatA. AjakAlanA gadyalekhakemAM eo prathama che. je pramANe temanuM jIvana pavitra, sAduM ane bhaktibhAvavALuM hatuM te ja pramANe temanI bhASA paNa sApha sAdI ane ucca keTinI che. emaNe gujarAtI bhASAmAM eka navI ja zAkhA kholI ApI che. zAerI paNa ucca darajajA para pahoMcI gaI che. dalapatarAma kavinA kAbela putra nAnAlAla AjakAlanA sAhitya AsmAnanA cAMda hatA, jene phAyado ghaNue zikhAu zAree uThAvyo che. uttama zAeremAM emanI gaNatrI thAya che. emanI kavitA cAMdanI rAtrinI jema dilacaspa ane dilaphareba che. emaNe paNa zArImAM navI zAkhA uddabhAvI che. emanAM kAvyonI khAsiyata prAsa rahita kavitA che (jene aMgrejImAM " nka varsa" kahevAmAM Ave che.). emanAM nATake paNa A ja zailImAM emaNe lakhyAM che. emanA rAsa gujarAtamAM bahu mazahUra che. aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra eka bIjA sAera che. joke pote pArasI che chatAM enI kavitA pAka ane sAkSarI che. svadezAbhimAnanAM emanAM kAvyAe gujarAtIonA dilamAM hiMdamAM pitAnuM sthAna prApta karyuM che. prophesara baLavaMtarAya kalyANaraya ThAkAranAM vidvattA ane philasUphI bharelAM kAvyo ucca koTinA leke vAMce che. masiMharAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyAe Adhunika aMgrejI ne gujarAtI pA sAthe ekatra karavAmAM kAmiyAbI hAsila karI hatI. kudaratanI khUbInI tArIphamAM lakhavAmAM AvelAM emanAM kAvya AnaMdathI vaMcAtAM hatAM. A uparAMta nAnA nAnA kavionI eka moTI saMkhyA gujarAtanA gulistAnamAM vihAra kare che.

Page #61
bhAga 1 -upodaghAta [ 49 anuvAdothI paNa gujarAtI sAhityamAM bIjI bhASAonI khAsiyatonI vRddhi thaI che. dIvAna bahAdura kezavalAla harSadarAya ghavanAM mudrArAkSasa, vikramorvazIya, bhAsanAM nATaka, vagere saMskRtanA keTalAka vidvattAbharelA anuvAdo che. prophesara dhruva eka mahAna vivecaka ane bhASAzAstrI hatA. banArasa hiMdu yunivarsiTInA vAIsa cAnselara Do. AnaMdazaMkara dhruva paNa saMskRtanA eka prakhara vidvAna hatA. emaNe "vasaMta" nAmanA vidyAviSayaka mAsikanA taMtrI tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. teo mahAna vivecaka paNa hatA. baMgALI, marAThI vagere judA judA prAMtanI bhASAnA abhyAsano rivAja gujarAtamAM cAlyo Avyo che. A bhASAonI khAsiyata paNa gujarAtImAM levAya che. A uparAMta vijJAna ane ItihAsanA viSayo mATe paNa saMzodhana mATe pUratI keziza karavAmAM AvI che. | gujarAtanA A jyotirdhara-kavionI gujarAtamAM sArI rIte lokapriyatA thaI che: nAma janma avasAna vatane 1. narasiMha mahetA 1412 junAgaDha 2. mIrAMbAI 14 32 1470 mevADa-meDatA 3. bhAlaNa 1439 1529 pATaNa 4. akhe 1615 165 amadAvAda premAnaMda 1636 1734 vaDedarA 1675 1730 amadAvAda 7. dayArAma 1752 DabhoI dalapatarAma 1820 1898 vaDhavANa 9. narmadAzaMkara 1833 1886 surata 10, ne daza kara 1835 1905 . surata 11. navalarAma 1836 surata 6. zAmaLa

Page #62
amadAvAda 1898 50 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa 12, raNachoDabhAI 1837 1923 naDiyAda 13. bhagavAnalAla 1838 1888 junAgaDha iMdrajI DokTara 14. manasukharAma sUryarAma 1840 1907 naDiyAda 15. kekhuzarU kAbarAjI 1842 1904 muMbaI 16. vAghajI AzArAma 1850 1897 merabI 17. nArAyaNa hemacaMdra 1855 muMbaI 18. govardhanarAma sAdhavarAma 18papa 1907 naDiyAda 19. hari harSada dhruva 1856 1896 20. maNilAla nabhubhAI 1858 . naDiyAda 21. bAlAzaMkara ullAsarAma 1859 1898 naDiyAda 22. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla 1844 amadAvAda 23. nathurAma suMdarajI 1862 1923 morabI 24. tribhuvanadAsa zAha 1863 25. amRtalAla paDhiyAra 1870 26. bhegendrarAva diveTiyA 1865 amadAvAda 27. raNajItarAma vAvAbhAI - 28. DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI - 1906 29. nAnAlAla dalapatarAma - 1946 A uparAMta cAlu jamAnAmAM narasiMharAva, baLavaMtarAya ThAkara, kalApI, maNizaMkara (avasAna 1924) ane beTAdakara vagere paNa mazahUra hatA. gujarAtanA vatanIonA dharmo-je pramANe A lekAmAM judI judI vasale che te ja pramANe temanA dharma paNa alaga alaga che. sAmAnya rIte musliAma, pArasI, krizciyana, yahUdI, jaina, bauddha, sanAtanI AryasamAja, ziva, liMgAyata), zrI vaiSNava, svAminArAyaNa, brahmosamAja, prArthanAsamAja, kabIrapaMthI, vallabhI vaiSNava, ane * coravADa 1915

Page #63
bhAga 1 -udharasa [ pat rAmAnaMdI, javAmAM Ave che. paraMtu vadhAre saMkhyA zrI vaiSNava, ane svAminArAyaNa, vallabhAcArya, ane rAmAnaMdanA anuyAyIonI che. mAro vicAra hareka dharma vize TUMkamAM kaMIka lakhavAne hato paraMtu jANI joIne meM e bAbata paDatI mUkI che, ane e kAMTALA saMjogomAMthI chaTakavAnI meM kemaziza karI che. mArA graMthamAM agara kaI evuM vAkya kAIpaNa majhahabanI khilAphanuM maLI Ave to te ajANapaNe ane zubhecchAthI che, kAraNa ke mArI IcchA virodhamAM lakhavAnI kadI nathI. gujarAtanA rAjakIya vibhAga-uparanI vAta uparathI have mAlUma paDe che ke gujarAta asalanI peThe hAlamAM eka alaga sUbo nathI, paraMtu muMbaI IlAkAne eka bhAga che. gujarAtanA judA judA vibhAgo che, jyAM judI judI prakAranA amaladAre hakUmata kare che. eka bhAga khAsa muMbaI sarakAranA kabajAmAM che. bIjA bhAgamAM vaDodarA riyAsata che. trIje mulka evo che ke jemAM nAnAM moTAM saMsthAne che ane tyAM nAnA moTA dezI rAjAo ane navAbonI hakUmata che. teo ayodhyAnA tAlukadAre jevA hoya che. paraMtu sarakAre temane rAjakartAonI pheharistamAM dAkhala karI temanA hakko ane IkhtiyArene svIkAra karyo hato. prathama muMbaI sarakAranA kabajAnA jillAonuM khyAna karIza. tyArapachI riyAsato ane vaDodarAnA jillAo vize jaNAvIza. gujarAtane muMbaI sarakArano bhAga cha jillAmAM vaheMcAyelo cheH (1) amadAvAda, (2) kheDA, (3) paMcamahAla, (4) bharUca.. (5) surata, (4) thANu. emAM thANA jillo aDadhe te mahArASTramAM che. paraMtu briTiza gavarnamenTe mulkI sagavaDa khAtara ene gujarAtamAM sAmela karyo hato. AthI A pramANe gaNatAM gujarAtanA asala pAMca jillA che. ' ... amadAvAda-- jillAnA nava tAlukA (tahasIla) cheH (1)

Page #64
para] gujarAtano itihAsa uttara dasakroI, (2) dakSiNa dasakroI (3) prAMtIja, (4) viramagAma, (5) dhoLakA, (6) dhaMdhukA, (7) sANaMda, (8) moDAsA, (9) gheghA. ane te tAlukAnAM mukhya zahera paNa A ja zahere che. tyAM tahasIladAra (mAmalatadAra) rahe che ane dareka mAmalatadAranA hAtha nIce nAnAM meTAM gAmo che. tyAMthI mahesUla (revanyU) vasUla karI emanA uparI adhikArIne mekalavAmAM Avai che ane A mATe hareka gAmamAM eka paTelanI nimaNUka karavAmAM Ave che. AvI ja rIte kheDA jillo che, jenA tAlukA nIcenA cheH (1) kapaDavaMja, (2) ThAsarA, (3) ANaMda, (4) naDiyAda, (5) mahemadAvAda, (6) mAtara, (7) bArasada. paMcamahAla - A jillAnA tAlukA nIce pramANe che: (1) godharA, (2) dehada (dAhoda), (3) kAlela, (4) hAlola, (5) jhAleda. bharUcaH-A jillAnA tAlukA nIce pramANe che: (1) bharUca, (2) vAgarA, (3) Amoda, (4) jaMbusara, (5) aMkalezvara (hAMsoTa). surataH-A jillAnA nava tAlukA che: (1) ceryAsI, (2) erapADa, (3) mAMDavI, (4) bAraDolI, (5) jalAlapura, (6) valasADa, (7) cIkhalI, (8) pAraDI, (9) vAleDa. saurASTranA dIpakalpanA pAMca hissA karI zakAya che (1) jhAlAvADa, (2) hAlAra, (3) kAThiyAvADa, (4) gohilavADa, soraTha nAghera. purANuM jamAnAmAM A pramANe vibhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatAH (1) jhAlAvADa (kSetraphaLa 4ra00 ce. mA.), (ra) macchu kAThe (kSetraphaLa 870 ce. mA.), (3) hAlAra (kSetraphaLa 6200 co. mA.), (4) baraDA (kSetraphaLa pa00 co. mA.), (5) soraTha (kSetraphaLa 4000 ce. mA.), (6) bAbariyAvADa (kSetraphaLa pa00 e. mA.), (7)

Page #65
bhAga 1 -upaghAta [53 gehilavADa (kSetraphaLa 2860 co. mA.), (8) uDasaravaiyA (kSetraphaLa 160 co mA.), (9) kAThiyAvADa (kSetra 4000 co. mA.), (10) okhAmaMDala ( kSetraphaLa 300 co. mA.). temAM hiMdu musalamAnanI moTI saMkhyAmAM nAnI moTI riyAsato hatI e vize AgaLa vigatavAra lakhavAmAM Avaze. - vaDedarAH-eka moTo prAMta che. rAjyanA kuTuMbanuM marAThI nAma gAyakavADa che. riyAsatanI rAjyavyavasthA mATe prAMtanA cAra vibhAgo karavAmAM AvyA che, eTale ke cAra tahasIla banAvavAmAM AvI che, jyAM eka kamiznara (sUbo) rahe che. A mahAle vaDodarA, kaDI (hAlamAM e mahesANuM mahAlanA nAmathI oLakhAya che.), navasArI, ane amarelI (A amarelInI najIka keDInAra che). kaccha-saurASTranA dvIpakalpanA vAyavya khUNAmAM kaccha AveluM che. A baMne vacce kacchanI bhUzira ane nAnuM raNa AvelAM che. kacchanI rAjadhAnI bhUja che, enuM baMdara mAMDavI eka mazahUra jagyA che. kacchane artha samudra kinArAnI jamIna thAya che. ahIMthI ArasapahANane paththara, phaTakaDI ane khAra nIkaLe che. ahIMnuM cAMdInuM nakazIkAma vakhaNAya che; leDhAnuM kAma paNa suMdara thAya che. charI moTA pramANamAM banAvavAmAM Ave che. . (1) amadAvAda jillAmAM hiMduonI vastI vadhu pramANamAM che. eTale ke 84 TakA hiMdu ane 11 TakA musalamAna che. cAreka hajAra jeTalA khristI che. A jillAnA lokomAM pATIdAra kaNabI kheDUtonuM pramANa vadhAre che, jenI saMkhyA eka lAkhathI vadhu che. A jillAnA kudaratI traNa hissA thAya che: (1) prAMtIja, (2) viramagAma, sANaMda, dasakroI, dhoLakA, dhaMdhukA, (3) ghoghA. A jillAnI jamIna kALI ane bhUrI ema be jAtanI che. kALI jamInamAM kapAsa vadhu pramANamAM pAke che ane bIjImAM anAja thAya

Page #66
pa4] gujarAtano ItihAsa che. 228 . mA. mAM ghauM, 380 co. mA. mAM juvAra, 228 e. mA. mAM bAjarI ane 480 ce. mA. kapAsa thAya che. medanA cekhA dasakroI tAlukAmAM umadA thAya che. dhoLakAmAM suMdara dADama ane jAmaphaLa thAya che. dhaMdhukAnI gAya ghaNuM dUdha Ape che. khuda amadAvAdamAM kAThiyAvADa, siMdha, ane kacchanA ghaDA bahu vecAya che. amadAvAdamAM cUne bahu ja umadA hoya che. ghoghA tAlukAmAMthI leDhAnI dhAtu nIkaLe che. raMga, dIvAsaLI, tela, sAbu ane kapaDanAM kArakhAnAM puSkaLa che. dezI kAgaLa paNa ahIM taiyAra thAya che. elyuminiyamanuM kArakhAnuM, pittaLanAM vAsaNanuM kArakhAnuM kAlupuramAM cAlu che. - I. sa. 1717mAM amadAvAdamAM plega Avyo hato jemAM moTI saMkhyAmAM mANasa maraNa pAmyAM hatAM. amadAvAdamAM jenonAM nAnAM moTAM thaI 120 derAsara che. amadAvAdamAM ahamadazAhanI masjida, hebatakhAna, saiyada Alama, maleka Alama serI, zIdI saiyada, kubazAha, siyada usmAna, miyAMkhAna hanzI, zIdI bazIra, mAhAphijhakhAna, achUtabobI, dastUrakhAna, ane mehamammada gosa khAnanI, ane jumA masjida jevA lAyaka che. ahamadazAhanI kabara, rANune hajIre, dariyAkhAnane ghummaTa, AjhamakhAnanI kabara, mIra abunI kabara, zAha vajIhudInanI daragAha, sarakhejanI daragAha, baTavA, zAha Alama, ane pIra mehamadazAhanI daragAha musalamAnonI mazahUra pavitra jagyAo che. svAminArAyaNanuM maMdira, haThIsIMganAM daherAM ane zAMtinAthanuM kahevuM hiMdu ane jenenI mazahUra pavitra jagyAo che. harIhara (dAdAharI)nI vAva, mAtA bhavAnInI vAva, kAMkariyuM taLAva, traNa daravAjA, zAhIbAga, AjhamakhAnane mahela, maleka zAbAnanuM taLAva, ane caMDoLAnuM taLAva (jene gherAvo bAra mAIla che) mazahUra jagyAe che. A uparAMta amadAvAdathI 37 mAila upara naiRtya dizAmAM 49 co. mAIlanuM eka moTuM "naLa" nAmanuM taLAva che, paraMtu

Page #67
bhAga 1 le-upadudhAta [55 tenuM pANI khAruM che. dhoLakAmAM malAva ane vIramagAmamAM munsara taLAva che. (2) kheDA-enuM kSetraphaLa 1596 co. mA. che, jenI uttare sAbarakAMThA ejansI, pazcimamAM amadAvAda ane pUrve ane dakSiNe vaDodarAnuM rAjya che, ane mahI nadI paNa che. A jillAmAM madhya bhAga carotara ghaNo ja phaLadrupa che. tyAM asaMkhya phaLAu jhADe che. mahI, vAtraka, sAbaramatI, zeDhI, khArI, mezvo ane mahora nadIo che, je A jillAne pANI pUruM pADe che. mahuDAM, lImaDa, AMbo, sItAphaLa, rAyaNu ane araDUso A jillAmAM thAya che. ziyALa, Dukkara, haraNa, sasalAM, bataka, jherI sApa, ane mAchalI A jillAmAM thAya che. tyAM 34 IMca jeTalo varasAda thAya che. sAmAnya rIte 116deg garamI paDe che ane vadhumAM vadhu ThaMDI 43deg jeTalI hoya che. sajAnImAM sayada mubArakane reje che. khuda kapaDavaMjamAM eka khUbasUrata miharAba, eka kuMDa, eka masjida, ane mahAdevanuM eka maMdira che. jena lekanuM eka navuM maMdira che. A jillAmAM agiyAra zahera ane 598 gAma che. 85 TakA hiMdu, 9 TakA musalamAne ane cAreka hajAra jeTalA khristI tyAM rahe che. A jillAmAM 67 TakA kheDUta che. ahIM paNa bhUrI, kALI ane tareha tarehanI jamIna che, paraMtu sauthI uttama kinArAnI jamIna che. 313 co. mAIla jamInamAM bAjare, 162 co. mAIlamAM kodarA, 115 co. mAIlamAM DAMgara, 91 . mAIlamAM juvAra ane 18 e. mAIlamAM ghauMnI Upaja che, ane 24 co. mAIlamAM taMbAku pedA thAya che. I. sa. 1837 pahelAM ahIM gaLInI pedAza vadhAre thatI hatI. traNa TakA eTale ke 37000 co. mAIla jamInamAM naherano lAbha maLe che. agiyAreka hajAra jeTalA kUvA ane 1391 taLAva che; paraMtu unA

Page #68
56 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa LAnI mosamAM e ghaNuM vakhata sukAI jAya che. kapaDavaMjamAMthI loDhAnI dhAtu nIkaLe che, paraMtu AjakAla e bahAra kADhavAmAM AvatI nathI. tyAM eka jAtanA paththara nIkaLe che te masAlA vATavAnA paththara banAvavAmAM bahu ja upayogI che. enI najIka mAjama nadImAMthI akIkane paththara nIkaLe che. amadAvAdamAM mila thaI e pahelAM ahIM suMdara kapaDAM vaNatAM hatAM. A jillAnuM pANu raMgo mATe bahu ja phAyadAkAraka hatuM. tyAM sAbu ane zIzInAM kArakhAnAM che. anAja, taMbAku, rAyaNa, tela ane mahuDAM enI nikAsa che ane kapaDAM, raMga, davA, vagerenI AyAta che. A jille mAkhaNa ane ghI mATe mazahUra che. A jillAmAM 166 mAIla lAMbI pAkI saDaka che. I. sa. 1860 ane 64mAM tyAM dharatIkaMpa thayo hato. kapaDavaMja, mahedAvAda, ThAsarA, mAtara, naDiyAda, kheDA, ANaMda, borasada ane DAkora A jillAnAM mukhya zahero che. (3) paMcamahAla: A jillAnuM kSetraphaLa 1606 corasa mAIla che. revAkAMThA ejansIne laIne pUrva bhAga ane pazcimano bhAga, evA be vibhAga thAya che. sImA -uttaramAM luNAvADA, pUrvamAM vAMsavADA, dakSiNamAM vaDodarA ane revAkAMDA ejansI, ane pazcimamAM vaDodarA ane mahI nadI, ane kheDA jillo. - mahI nadInI zAkhAo pAnama ane anAsa A jillAmAM che. ane "vADAmAM eka sarovara che temAM eka TekarI che je phakta unALAmAM dekhAya che. A ja jillAmAM pAvAgaDhano DuMgara che. je 2500 phITa UMco che. e godharAthI 25 mAIla dUra che. pAvAgaDha parvatanI hAra dakhaNanA pahADone maLe che. have e alaga thaI gayA che. "pAvA"ne artha Ataza thAya che. saMskRtamAM mULa zabda grSA agnivAcaka che, te uparathI zabda UtarI Avyo che. pahelAM

Page #69
bhAga 1lo-upadyAta [ 57 A pahADamAMthI jvALA UDatI haze tethI ene "pAvAgaDha nAma ApavAvAM AvyuM haze, kAraNa javALAmukhI parvatanA jevA paththara emAMthI maLyA che. godharAthI dasa mAIla upara AvelI jagyA (TuvA)mAM ThaMDA ane garama pANInA jharA che. tyAM AMbo, mahuDAM, AmalI, rAyaNa, vaDa, pIpaLo, sAga, boraDI, sItAphaLa, jAmaphaLa, kamaLa vagere thAya che. I. sa. 1862mAM jyAre aMgrejoe eno kabaje lIdho hato tyAre tyAM haraNa puSkaLa hatAM. godharAmAM sApanuM pramANa vadhAre che. sAdhAraNa rIte 83 jeTalI tyAM garamI rahe che ane varasAda 30 thI 40 IMca jeTalo paDe che. pAvAgaDha pAse AvelA cAMpAnerane kille I. sa. 80 mAM aNahIlavADanA rAjAoe banAvyo hato, tyAra pachI I. sa. 1200mAM teNavADanA lakee eno kabaje lIdho hato. I. sa. 1300mAM pharIthI cahANanA hAthamAM te AvyA. I. sa. 1484mAM mahamUda begaDAe te cho. tyAM I. sa. 1484thI 1576 sudhI gujarAtanuM bIjA naMbaranuM pAyatakhta rahyuM. I. sa. 1535mAM humAyue te chatya. 1573mAM akabarazAhanA kabajAmAM e Avyo. 1727mAM kRSNa marAThAo ane 1761mAM sIMdhiyAe lIdho. I. sa. 1803mAM karnala viliMgDane eno kabajo laI I. sa. 1894 mAM sIdhiyAne pAcho saMpI dIdhA. I. sa. 1853mAM sadhiyAe e aMgrejone pAchA Apo. pAvAgaDhamAM eka makAna sAta majalAnuM che, jyAMthI zAhI mahelonI begame zikAranA tamAzA jetI hatI, ane e upara makAInA koThAre hatA. zikhara upara kALikA mAtAnuM maMdira che, jyAM loko moTI saMkhyAmAM darzana arthe jAya che. pAvAgaDhanI jAme masjida mazahUra che, paraMtu kabaro makabarA ane masjido marAmatanA abhAve pAyamAla thaI rahyAM che. A jillAmAM cAra zahera ane 663 gAmo che. tyAMnI vastI traNa lAkhathI vadhAre che. 80 TakA hiMdu che, pAMca TakA musalamAna ane eka lAkhathI thoDA vadhu bhIla che. cerI ane lUMTaphATane

Page #70
58] gujarAtano itihAsa dhaMdho karanArA keLIonI vastI 50000 jeTalI che. cAMpAneranA musalamAne je vadhu pramANamAM phejI ane jamInadAra hatA te khetInuM ane kaThiyArAnuM kAma kare che. tyAM thoDA musalamAna ghAMcI vahorA paNa che. khristI leke e dAhodamAM pitAnuM kendra banAvyuM che. tyAMnI jamIna kALI che. ane keIka ThekANe lAla paNa che. makAI 161 co. mAIla, bAjarI 181 co. mA, DAMgara 67 co. mA, caNA 65 co. mA. ane tela 65 corasa mAIla jamInamAM thAya che. tyAMnA baLada sArA nathI. ghaDA paNa nIcA kadanA che. tyAM traNeka hajAra kUvA ane traNa taLAva che. A jillAmAM ghaNuM jaMgalo che, jyAM sAganI pedAza bahu ja che. aMgrejoe eno kabajo laI tyane vepAra pitAne hAtha karyo hato. phakta I. sa. 1903-4mAM ja doDha lAkha na thayo hato. A jillAmAM loDhuM, kAca ane meMgenIjha moTA pramANamAM thAya che. hAla tAlukAmAM zivarAjapura ane jAMbughoDAmAM loDhAnI khANo bahu ja jovAmAM Ave che. aphasosanI vAta che ke ene koI bahAra kADhatuM nathI. paraMtu hAlamAMthI eka yuropiyana kaMpanI meMgenIjha bahAra kADhI bahu ja napho meLave che. asala dilhI sudhI javAne rasto paNa hato, paraMtu jamAnAne anusarIne ene pheraphAra thayo che. A jillAnI AyAta taMbAku, mIThuM, loDhuM, kapaDAM, nALiyera che ane enI nikAsa anAja, sAga ane telIbiyAM che. I. sa. 1845, 1853, 1857, 1861, 1864, 1877 1899, 1903 ane 1904nI sAlamAM e dukALapIDita rahyo. I. sa. 1899nA gujarAtanA mazahUra chappaniyA dukALanI rAhata mATe sarakAre kheDA ane paMcamahAlamAM 88 lAkha rUpiyA kharca karyo hato ane 35 lAkha rUpiyA mApha karyA hatA. - cAMpAneranI pAse caMpAnAM puSkaLa jhADe che, tethI tenuM nAma "cAMpAnera" (caMpAnagara) paDayuM hatuM ema mAnavAmAM Ave che; ane roma paNa kahevAya che ke vanarAjanA cAMpA nAmanA pradhAnane laIne tyAM

Page #71
bhAga 1 le-upoddaghAta [ 59 zahera vasyuM hatuM tethI ane tenA nAmathI "cAMpAnera" pADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. I. sa. 1483mAM mehammadAbAda vasAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. tyAM rezamanAM kapaDAM vaNavAmAM Ave che. tyAMnI lonI talavAranI banAvaTa suMdara che. tyAM paNa eka bhadra che, je zaheranI madhyamAM che. bAge, mahela ane taLAvo vagere jevA lAyaka che. pahADanA jharAmAMthI pANI lAvI taLAvamAM pADavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. dAhoda je auraMgajhebanI janmabhUmi che te bIjA sulatAna mujhaphaphare AbAda karyuM hatuM. ahamadazAha pahelAe tyAM eka sarAI baMdhAvI hatI. aTaka daravAje, motI daravAje, sadanazAha daravAje ane e pachI eka ce daravAjo hate. (4) bharUca jIllo - - sImA -uttare mahI nadI, pUrva ane dakSiNamAM vaDodarA, dakSiNe kIma nadI pazcime arabI samudra ane khaMbhAtanA akhAta che. bharUca zahera " bhRgu RSie vasAvyuM kahevAya che. zarUAtamAM A RSino tyAM Azrama hato. hAlamAM phakta enuM maMdira zaheramAM che. A zaherane "bhRgupurI" ke phakta "purI" paNa loko kahe che. A jille 54 mAIla lAMbo ane 20 thI 40 mAIla jeTalo pahoLo che. narmadA ane DhADhara e be nadIo khaMbhAtanA akhAtamAM jaI arabI samudramAM maLI jAya che. tyAMnI jamIna kALI che ane kapAsane khUba mAphaka che; AthI tyAM rUnI pedAza puSkaLa thAya che. hiMdustAnamAM enAthI uttama rU bIje kaI ThekANe thatuM nathI. vanaspati-A jillAmAM jaMgala na hatAM, AthI sarakAre 161 ekara jamInamAM bAvaLanAM jhADo ropAvyAM che ane vadhu keTalAka ekara jamIna phakta Ane ja mATe alaga rAkhavAmAM AvI che. Abo AmalI ane jAmaphaLa tyAM vadhu pramANamAM thAya che. bharUca pAse AvelA beTamAM kabIravaDa che, je vize kahevAya che ke

Page #72
gujarAtane itihAsa mahAtmA kabIre dAtaNa karI ropI dIdhuM hatuM. tenAM traNa hajAra nAnAM ane 350 moTAM thaDa che. tenI jaDe 2000 co. mA. jamIna gherI lIdhI che. A jhADa nIce sAta hajAra AdamI ArAma laI zake che. narmadAmAM pANInA tophAnathI keTalAMka thaDa paDI gayAM che (jo ke A vAta satya lAgatI nathI). jAnavara -haraNa, varu, Dukkara, bataka, ane mAchalInuM pramANa tyAM vadhAre che. garamI 46deg thI 112deg sudhI jAya che. sAdhAraNa rIte 35 IMca jeTale varasAda paDe che. gupta, gujara, cAlukya, rASTrakUTa, ane pATaNanA rAjAonI potapotAnA samayamAM tenA upara hakUmata rahI hatI. i. sa. 1292mAM musalamAno AvyA. I. sa. 1391mAM dilhInA sUbedAra enA upara sattAdhArI rahyA. pharIthI i. sa. 1391 thI 1572 sudhI e gujarAtanA sulatAnanA hAtha nIce rahyuM. e bAda I. sa. 1736 sudhI dilhInA sUbedAranI hakUmata rahI. I. sa. 1736 thI 1772 sudhI bharUcanA navAbonA - kabajAmAM e rahyuM. e ja sAla aMgrejoe 16ra gAma sAthe enA upara. kabajAnI jamAvaTa karI. I. sa. 1783mAM e marAThAone soMpI devAmAM AvyuM. ane 1803mAM e pharIthI aMgrejonA kabajAmAM AvyuM. I. sa. 1818mAM marAThAoe e kabajAnI saMmati ApI. I. sa. 1857mAM musalamAno ane pArasIo vacce mAmUlI TaTa thayo. tyAMnI jena kArIgarIthI banAvelI jAme masjida jevA jevI che. agAu tyAM keTa hato, paraMtu have nathI. tyAMnI vastI 3 lAkha 7 hajAranI che, paraMtu have I. sa. 1940mAM 3 lAkha 34 hajAra ekaso sattara che. bharUcano kile pahelavahelAM siddharAje ane tyArapachI I. sa. 1526mAM ahamadazAhe banAvyo hato. e narmadAnA kinArAne bhAga che. bAkInA tamAma tUTI gayo. tyAM AjakAla (1940)mAM 75 hajAra musalamAna che. tyAM 22 TakA musalamAna ane 67 TakA hiMdu che. vahorAnI vastI ghaNI che. thoDA

Page #73
bhAga 1 le-upaghAta [ 61 zekha paNa che. keTalAka nAgorI musalamAna paNa che. e vadhu pramANamAM majUrIne baMdha kare che. pArasI ane jenI kAma mAladAra che. anAjamAM juvAra, rU, tala, tuvera, ghauM, ane cekhA, bhUrI jamInamAM pedA thAya che. narmadAnA kinArAnI jamInamAM taMbAku puSkaLa thAya che. A jillAnI jamInanA traNa bhAga cheH (1) jAgIradArI, (2) InAmadArI, (3) raiyatadArI. 365 co. mAIlamAM pAsa, 180 co. mAIlamAM juvAra, 118 co. mAIlamAM ghauM ane 66 co. mAIlamAM lAkha thAya che. tyAM sAmAnya rIte gAya, bheMsa, gadheDAM, Ta, bakarAM ane gheTAM jovAmAM Ave che. agAu rezama ane sUtaranuM bArIka kAma tyAM suMdara thatuM hatuM ane A ja lebhathI Daca ane aMgreja pahelAM ahIM AvyA hatA. paraMtu hAlamAM aMgrejone laIne eka paNa kArakhAnuM rahyuM nathI. pahelAM bharUca ane TaMkAriyAnAM baMdaro bhArata sArA gujarAtane vepAra tamAma duniyA sAthe cAlato hato. I. sa. 1630, 1631, 1755, 176 0, 1773, 1786, 1790, 1819, 1838, 1840, 1868, 1878 ane 1896nI sAlemAM A jillo dukALapIDita rahyo. purANuM jamAnAmAM ahIMnuM bATA (eka jAtanuM rezamI kApaDa) mazahUra hatuM; baMgALathI vadhAre umadA kApaDa vaNavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. AyAta -cokhA, sopArI, lAkaDA, kAlasA ane loDhuM. nikAsa:-anAja, rU. ghauM, mahuDA, (5) surata jille - sImA-uttaramAM bharUca, pUrvamAM vaDodarA, rAjapIpaLA, dharamapura, dakSiNamAM thANuM ane pazcimamAM arabI samudra. A jillAmAM navasArI prAMta gAyakavADanA tAbAne che, tethI enA be vibhAga thayA che. temAM kIma ane tApI nadIo AvelI che. kIma nadI rAjapIpaLAnA pahADomAMthI nIkaLI arabI samudramAM paDe che. A nadI upara kIma zahera AveluM che. tyAM sTezana paNa che.

Page #74
6 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa vanaspatiH--AMbA, AmalI, vaDa, lImaDA, pIpaLA, vagerenAM jhADA tyAM Uge che. kerI puSkaLa thAya che. jAnavara--cittA, haraNa, vAdha varu, Dukkara, rIMcha, bijI, ziyALa, bataka ane sasalAM tyAM jovAmAM Ave che. garamI ochAmAM ochI 44deg ane vadhAremAM che. A jillAmAM varasAda 38 thI 80 IMca paraMtu sUratamAM 82 iMca jeTalA paNa paDe che. vadhAre 109deg hAya jeTale paDe che. atihAsika mAtA: kutbuddIna eeka i. sa. 1195, (hi. sa. 192 )mAM bhImadevane harAvI surata ane rAMdera upara kabajo meLavI pharIthI ApI dIdhAM. I. sa. 1347mAM meAhammada taghalakhanA vakhatamAM ahI baLA thayA ane zAhI phAje e dAkhI dIdhe|. i. sa. 1373mAM IrAjhazAha taghalakhe tyAM eka leiA banAvyeA. I. sa. 1514mAM bAAMsA nAmanA pArTIMgIjha musAphare lakhyuM che ke surata eka mATuM baMdara che. 1531mAM pA`gIjhoe ene Aga lagADI saLagAvI mUkyuM hatuM. gujarAtanA sulatAne i. sa. 1546mAM eka mahAna killo banAvyA. I. sa. 1572mAM e umarAva mirajhAnA kabajAmAM AvyuM. akabare e i. sa. 1573mAM lIdhuM. 160 varasa sudhI e melAnA jamAnAmAM hiMdustAnanuM sauthI moTuM baMdara rahyuM. i. sa. 1606mAM aMgrejo AvyA. mukakhakhAne temane vepAra karavAnI chUTa ApI. i. sa. 1609mAM mujhaphpharazAhe e upara kAzi karI. I. sa. 1611mAM agrajo jAjha lAvyA, paraMtu pecugIjhoe emane pAchA pharavAnI pharaja pADI. i. sa. 1613mAM vepAranuM pharamAna aMgrejene maLyuM ane IsTa IMDiyA kaMpanIe prathama sivAlImAM mukAma karyAM., I. sa. 1618mAM sara TAmasarA ajameramAM jahAMgIrane matsyeA ane enI sAraphata vepAranA hakko. majabUta gayA. A zaheranA leAkA bahu mAlAra hatA. ziyALAmAM ahI eka. thai

Page #75
bhAga 1 -upadyAta [ 63 paNa makAna meLavavuM muzkela thaI paDatuM hatuM. duniyAnA dareka vibhAgamAMthI loko tyAM jahAjha lAvatA hatA. rezama ane starAu kApaDa paradeza jatuM hatuM. kAcuM rU cIna sudhI jatuM hatuM. musalamAno haja karavAne A jagyAthI ja jatA hatA ane A kAraNathI e ene bAbulamakkA" (makkAno daravAje) temaja "baMdara mubAraka" (pavitra baMdara) kahetA hatA. phreMca ane Daca lokonI paNa tyAM kAThI hatI. AvA AbAda ane bharapUra zaherane zivAjIe pahelI vAra I. sa. 16 64mAM traNa divasa sudhI lUMTayuM. eNe lUMTamAMthI doDha karoDa rUpiyA vasUla karyA. I. sa. 1666mAM pharIthI eNe lUMTayuM. piocugIjha ane aMgrejoe marAThAo sAthe saMdhi karI hatI, AthI eo bacI jatA hatA. Ama chatAM paNa I. sa. 1695mAM e evuM suMdara baMdara hatuM ke koI paradezI ahIM mukAma karyA vinA pAcho jato na hato. I. sa. 1733mAM tega bakhtakhAna tyAM khuda-mukhatyAra thaI gaye. I. sa. 1746mAM enA maraNane laIne tyAM geravyavasthA phelAI gaI hatI. I. sa. 175mAM marAThAo sAthe vATAghATa karI aMgrejoe kabajo lIdho hato. i. sa. 1791mAM tyAMnA nAmanA ja navAba sAhebanuM avasAna thayuM. I. sa. 1800nI 15mI mene divase mi. gelanI prathama kamiznara tarIke nimaNUka thaI. I. sa. 181mAM pUnAnA marAThAonI sulehathI e aMgrejono bhAga thaI gayuM. ane tyArathI ja surata ane rAMdera aMgrejonA hAtha nIce gaNAyAM che. I. sa. 1810mAM musalamAe tophAna macAvyuM je dAbI devAmAM AvyuM. I.sa. 1857 mAM IdarUsa khAnadAnanI lAgavagathI suratanAM lokoe tophAnamAM bhAga na lI. - I. sa. 1633, I. sa. 1717, I.sa. 1747, I.sa. 1790, I. sa. 1803 ane I. sa. 1856nI sAlamAM A jillo dukALapIDita rahyo hato. A chellA dukALamAM 300.00 maNa caraNa pAmyAM hatAM. tApI nadInI relathI A zaherane bahu ja nukasAna veThavuM paDyuM,

Page #76
64] gujarAtano ItihAsa te AgaLa Avaze. rAMdera-surata najIka rAMdera eka moTuM purANuM baMdara hatuM. ane IsukhristanA avasAna pachI bharUca jevAM baMdare hovA chatAM A jagyA renakadAra hatI. aburahAna bIrUnIe (I. sa. 1031) lakhyuM che ke bharUca ane rAhanajera (rAMdera) A mulakanAM pAyatanta (moTAM baMdara) bahu ja ronakadAra che. I. sa. 1300 (hi. sa. 700)mAM musalamAnoe jeno pAsethI laI tAbe karyuM hatuM. picugIjha musAphara bArbAsA lakhe che ke rAMdera bahu ja suMdara jagyA che. eno vepAra malAkkA, baMgALA, tAnAsarima (barmA), paMgu, martabAna, sumAtrA, ane jAvA sAthe hatA. A mulkathI mazAlA, rezama, kastUrI, mATInAM vAsaNa, lebAna ahIM AvatAM hatAM. i. sa. 1530mAM porTugIjhoe surata lUMTI radira para pitAne kabajo jamAvyo. A samayathI radiranI agatya kama thatI gaI ane suratanI vastI ane mahattAmAM vRddhi thatI rahI. hAlamAM rAMdera eka nAnA kasabA jevuM che, jyAM sunnI vahorA vepArI saMkhyAbaMdha rahe che, ne temAMnA ghaNAkharA mAladAra che. ahIMnI jAme masjida, miyAMnI masjida, khAravAnI masjida ane munazInI masjida jevA lAyaka che. arabInI ghaNu masA ane eka moTI lAyabrerI che. rAMdera tUTavuM ane surata maMDAyuM. e mogalonA jamAnAmAM unnatinA zikhara upara hatuM. enI asala ronaka marAThAonI lUMTaphATathI ghaTavA mAMDI hatI te sAthe dukALa Aga ane pANIe paNa enI barabAdImAM moTo bhAga bhajavyo. I. sa. 1837mAM eprilamAM traNa divasa evI Aga lAgI ke e 10 mAIla sudhI phelAI gaI 10000 makAna baLIne khAkha thaI gayAM, ane 4pa lAkha rUpiyAnuM nukasAna thayuM. vaLI e ja sAla tApI nadImAM evI rela caDI ke suratavAsIAne 25 lAkha rUpiyAnuM nukasAna thayuM. i. sa. 1838mAM cothA

Page #77
S bhAga 1 -upaghAta [65 bhAga paNa na rahyo. I. sa. 1883mAM pharIthI rela AvI ane 20 lAkha rUpiyAnuM nukasAna thayuM. 1889mAM pharIthI Aga lAgI ane Armeniyana carca tUTI paDayuM. mogalanA jamAnAmAM tyAMnI vastI bAra lAkhathI paNa vadhAre hatI. paraMtu e aMgrejonA tAbAnA muDamAM dAkhala thavAthI enI paDatInI pragati thatI rahI, eTale sudhI ke 1797mAM enI vastI ATha lAkhanI rahI gaItyArapachI 1811mAM aDhI lAkha thaI, 1816mAM eka lAkha covIsa hajAra, ane 1847 mAM 80000 sudhI pahoMcI gaI. aMgrejoe muMbaIne baMdara banAvyuM tyArathI suratanuM baMdara baMdha thaI gayuM. enuM baMdara tarIke mahattva jatuM rahyuM, have phakta zahera hovAnA kAraNe enI pharIthI unnati zarU thaI, paraMtu atimaMda gatithI; eTale sudhI ke 1851mAM enI vastI 90000, 187ramAM eka lAkha ATha hajAra, 1881mAM eka lAkha dasa hajAra ane 1901mAM eka lAkha vIsa hajAra thaI. tyAM be AlIzAna masjida jevA jevI che. A jillAnI vastI 7 lAkha jeTalI thaI hatI emAM 86 TakA hidu, 8 TakA musalamAna, 2 TakA pArasI, 15000 vahorA ane traNa hajAra khristI che. A jillAmAM ATha zahera ane 777 gAma che. 153 ce. mAIlamAM DAMgara, 172 co. mAIlamAM juvAra, 154 co. mAIlamAM kapAsa, 37 se. mAilamAM tuvera ane 74 e. mAIlamAM vAla thAya che. paththara ane akIka paNa tyAMthI nIkaLe che. tyAMnA hunnaramAM sonA cAMdInuM kAma, sonAnA temaja bIjI dhAtunA tAra kheMcavAnuM jarI-kAma mazahUra hatuM. geMDAnI DhAla AphrikAthI lAvI ahIM suMdara polIsa karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. emAM rUpAnI mekha lagAvI eTalI umadA banAvatA hatA ke 30 thI 50 rUpiyA jeTalI kImatathI vecAtI hatI. jahAjha banAvavAnuM kAma ahIM bahu ucca koTinuM thatuM hatuM. A kAmamAM pArasI bahu hoziyAra hatA. eka jahAjha 28000 maNa jeTale mAla laI jatuM hatuM.

Page #78
66 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa dezI rajavADAM gujarAtane ane saurASTrane jUnAM dezI rajavADAM ghaNAM hatAM. 1948mAM hiMdI sadha nIce saurASTranuM ekIkaraNu thayu' ane saurASTranAM adhAM rajavADAM eka taMtra nIce AvyAM. rAjakIya kAraNe jUnAgaDha hajI bhaLI zakyuM nathI, paNa e paNa bhaLI jaze. rAjavIone vArSika sAliyANAM nakkI thayAM che. gujarAtamAM vaDAdarA hajI alaga che. bAkInAM rajavADAM muMbaI IlAkA sAthe joDAI gayAM che. rAjAone sAliyANuAM bAMdhI ApyAM che.

Page #79
prakaraNa 1 luM hiMduone samaya .:1: AryonuM rAjya gujarAtanuM asala nAma:-hiMdustAnane purANe ItihAsa meLavavA jeTaluM ja gujarAtane purANo itihAsa lakhavAnuM kAma muzkela che, paraMtu aTakaLa karavAthI mAlUma paDe che ke paththara ane lohana yuga pachI A mulkamAM moTI saMkhyAmAM drAviDonI vastI hatI. e eka sudharelI kema hatI. e lekAe bharUca baMdarethI dUra dUra sudhI vepArI kArebAra phelAvyo hato. e pachI bIje naMbara bhIlane Avato hato. eo AkhA pradezamAM phelAyA hatA. e samayane A mulakanA nAma vize itihAsa zAMta che ane hareka bAju aMdhakArane paDado paDe che. kAlpanika vAta sivAya koI satya bAbate maLatI nathI. jyAre uttara hiMdustAna taraphathI Aryo AbunA raste gujarAtamAM dAkhala thayA tyAre A pradezamAM navI krAMti pedA thaI eTale ke e prAMtanA asala rahevAsI dhIme dhIme pAchaLa haThatA gayA; eTale sudhI ke tamAma phaLadrupa pradeza vijetA mATe khAlI karyo ane pahADo ane jaMgalamAM vasavATa karyo. A hareka jagyAe jaI rAjyakartA thaI beThA. Aya kema pitAnI sAthe vidyA, kaLA kauzalya ane rItabhAta lAvI. dhaMdhAmAM cAlAka hovAthI vepAramAM paNa unnati pAmI. asalanA Arya leke vadhu pramANamAM pANInI najIka vasavATa karatA hatA. tethI mAnavAmAM Ave che ke emaNe paNa A mulakamAM sauthI pahelAM khaMbhAta ane bharUcanA IlAkA vasAvyA haze. A AvyA e pahelAM A prAMtane kyA nAmathI oLakhatA hatA, e

Page #80
68 ] gujarAtane ItihAsa vize kAI paNa itihAsamAMthI mAhitI maLatI nathI; paraMtu Aye. A mulkamAM je bhAga upara vasyA tenuM nAma temaNe "rASTra" rAkhyuM haze. rASTra"nA atha sIdhA ane sudharelA jevA che. ane je jagyA upara anAryAM eTale ke A mulkanA asala vatanI rahetA hatA te "anAya" nAme oLakhAyA. enA atha jaMgalI thAya che. rAta divasanI melacAla ane sarakArI kAgaLAmAMthI paNa Ane puSTi maLe che. ane AthI ja hajI sudhI vaDAdarA sTeTanA mahesUla khAtAnA sarakArI kAgaLAmAM jamInanA rASTrI mahAla ane araNI mahAla ema be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA che, e A`saMskRtinI asala yAdagAra gaNAya. tyAra pachI e zabdanA apabhraMza thaI te rATa" ane "rATa"mAMthI "lATa" thayA. gautamabuddha pachI (lagabhaga I. sa. pUrve 500 sAla) pAli bhASAnAM pustakAmAM enuM nAma blATa" maLe che. isvI sananI zarUAtanI sadIomAM enuM nAma blAraka" lakheluM maLe che. TAlemI misarIe (I. sa. 150) lakhyuM che ke purANA araba musAphI ene "lAra" nAmathI oLakhatA hatA. tyArapachI cInI musAphara hyuenasa Mge (I. sa. 700) AnuM nAma enA sapharanAmAmAM lulu ' lakhyuM che. je ' lATa "mAMthI baneluM hAya ema mAlUma paDe che. enA jamAnAmAM "gujara" kAma gujarAta upara rAja karatI hatI. paraMtu jaNAya che ke A samaya pa``ta gujarAe ApelA nAmane svIkAra thayeA na hatA ane sAmAnya rIte e ja purANa nAmathI leAkA ene oLakhatA hatA. kAIpaNa rIte jotAM jyAre gujara kAma hiMdustAna chatI Akhu thai A mulkamAM AvI tyAre e leAkAe emanA dakSiNanA tAbAnA pradezAnA traNa hissA pADavAH sauthI meATA hissAnuM nAma "mahArASTra", bIjAnuM nAma "gujarAta" ane trIjAnuM nAma "saurASTra" rAkhyuM hatuM. e bhAge! have mahArASTra (marAThA deza), gujarAta ane saurASTra (kAThiyAvADa) nAmathI oLakhAya che. I. sa. 800nA musalamAne ene "jujhara" nAmathI eLakhatA * ,, 66

Page #81
hiMduonA samaya [ 69 hatA je "gujara"nuM arakhI rUpa che. ane "gujara" e "gujara"mAMthI AveluM TUMkuM rUpa che. tyArapachI hi'dustAnanA tukI vijetAe (gulAmavaMza) e "gujharAta"mAMthI gujarAta banAvyuM. ane A ja nAma atyAre vyApaka che. AryAe uttara rASTraneA kabajo laI bharUcane mukhya kendra banAvyuM ane dakSiNa rASTramAM rAMdera emanI rAjadhAnI thaI. A zahera tApI nadIne kinAre AveluM che ane surata najIka che. agAunA vakhatamAM A mAruM baMdara hatuM. jaina leAkAnAM pustakAmAMthI purAtana kALanI tenI hakIkatA maLI Ave che. te vakhate suratanA patto paNa na hatA. A prajAe gujarAta para kayAre ane kevI rIte bajo karyAM e vize kaI mAhitI maLatI nathI. manunA vaze enA upara lAMkhA vakhata sudhI rAjya karyuM, paraMtu aphsAsa ke emanA rAjAe vize ka Mi kahI zakAtuM nathI. mahAbhAratamAMthI je kaI maLe che te nIce pramANe che: jAdava vazaH-dvArakAmAM jAdava vaMzanuM rAjya hatuM, emAM kRSNe bahu ja bahAdura, akalama ane tattvajJAnI hatA. emanI ja tadakhIrathI mahAbhAratanA jaMgamAM kAmiyAbI hAsila thaI. ema aTakaLa karavAmAM Ave che ke emanA lazkaramAM mATI saMkhyA bhIleAnI hatI. emanA samayamAM jAdave meAjamajhAmAM paDI gayA ane zarAbanI latamAM kheMcAI gayA. Ama dhaNA samaya e madaheArA rahetA ane nAnI nAnI bAbateAmAM laDI paDatA hatA; eTale sudhI ke eka vakhata tamAma jAdavA meDAmAMhe laDI maryA ane khAnAkharAbI thaI gaI. bhagavad--gItA kRSNanI yAdagAra che. temAM eka ja Izvara upara bhAra mUkavAmAM AvyeA che. jAdava leAkA jyAre ApasamAM laDIne tArAja thaI gayA ane A khabara jyAre arjunane thaI tyAre te ahIM AvyA. je leAkeA bacyA hatA temAMthI keTalAka uttara hi MdustAna tarapha emanI sAthe cAlyA gayA. arjuna kRSNanA banevI thatA hatA. pAchA pharatI vakhate kALIoe tene bahu satAvyA hatA; kRSNanI

Page #82
gujarAtano ItihAsa keTalIka rANI ane mAla ane saraMjAma paNa lUMTI lIdhAM. (prAcIna ItihAsa, pR. 14) maurya vaMza--enA pachI saikAo bAda mauryavaMza thaye. enI rAjadhAnI magadhadeza (bihAra)mAM pATaliputra (paTaNA) zaheramAM hatI. teNe gujarAtano kabajo laI lIdho hato. A leke zAne-saukatavALA temaja vidyAnA zokhIna hatA. azeka A ja vaMzane hate. ene enA dharma (bAha)nA pracArane khAsa zokha hato. giranAra pahADa upara ene eka zilAlekha maLe che, je hAlamAM paNa mojuda che. ane sArA gujarAtamAM azokane A zilAlekha sahuthI prAcIna che. giranAramAMthI eka bIjo zilAlekha nI che, jemAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke prathama caMdraguptanA sUbedAre baMdha bAMdhI A jagyAnA sarovaranuM pANI reDyuM. paraMtu kharekhara azokanA vakhatamAM enuM kAma pUruM karavAmAM AvyuM. cAra varasa pachI tephAnane laIne A baMdha tUTI gayo. I. sa. 150mAM zaka jAtanA sUbedAre tenI marAmata karAvI. te uparathI be vAta maLI Ave che: eka te e ke A sUbo saMpUrNa rIte kAyadesara azokanA hAtha nIce hato ane sUbedArane reyatanAM sukha sahulata vize dhyAna hatuM. azokanAM 14 zAsane I. sa. pUrve 251 12 veMta UMcAI ane 75 vaMta kSetraphaLa. gAMdhArI jevI mAgadhI bhASAne upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. emAM brAhmI lipi che; e jamaNI taraphathI lakhavAmAM Ave che. A zilAlekha nIce mujaba che: 1. keIe koIpaNa jAnavarane zikAra na karavo ane khAvAne mATa mAravuM nahi. 2. kaI anuSya temaja jAnavarane duHkhI na kare.

Page #83
hiMduone samaya [71 3. () mAbApanI sevA karavI. (4) mitrA ane ApaNuM jAti (bauddha) brAhmaNa ane sAdhune dAna ApavuM sAruM che. () kAI paNa jIva (manuSya)nI hiMsA karavI nahi. () nakAme kharca karavo nahi. (6) mazkarI karavI nahi. 4. dharmaparAyaNatA sarvottama che. 5. ApaNuM rAjyamAM hareka vyaktine phAyado pahoMcADe. 6. tamAma lokone phAyado pahoMcADe. 7. hareka dharmanA leke ApaNuM rAjayamAM rahI zake che; dAna na ApI zakAya te AtmasaMyama rAkha. dila nikhAlasa rAkhavuM, ane Izvarabhakti karavI. 8. A kalamanuM lakhANa lAMbuM che, paraMtu enuM tAtparya A che ke: "hareka kAma dhArmika daSTibiMduthI kare." 9. nekara ane nIcI keTInA lekene halakA na gaNavAM, zikSakane mAna ApavuM ane brAhmaNa ane sAdhune dAna devuM. 10 mAna ane pratiSThAnA cAhakoe dharmanI sevA karavI joIe ane dhArmika jIvana gALavuM joIe. 11 dharma (bauddhadharmane pracAra karavo joIe. 12 paradharmane tiraskAranI dRSTithI na jovo joIe. 13 laDAI karavAmAM Ave to dhIraja ane dayAthI kAma levuM. sAcI chata dhArmika chata ja che. 14 ghaNuM lakhI nAkhyuM che ane bhaviSyamAM paNa Adeza karIza. grI:-tyAra pachI grIka leke I. sa. pUrve 200 upara AvyA. eo mauryavaMza tarahyI sUbA tarIke nimAyA hatA. caMdraguptanA putranA vakhatamAM svataMtra thayA. misara "erIyana" nAmanA eka ItihAsakAre pitAnI kitAba "pIrImIlsa" (I. sa. 247)mAM je cIjono baMdara upara Avaka veza levAte hato tenI yAdI ApI che te sAthe ema paNa lakhe che ke balbanA grIka rAjakta (I. sa.

Page #84
72] gujarAtano itihAsa pUrve 150) jUnAgaDha ane bharUca upara rAjya karatA hatA-A baMne zaheramAM temanA puSkaLa sikkA maLyA che. tyAra pachI kSatrapa vaMze ahIM hakUmata karI. tyAra pachI hiMdustAnanA prakhyAta baLavAna "gupta" khAnadAne rAjya karyuM. sikkA ane zilAlekho uparathI A vaMzane ItihAsa sArI rIte nakkI thaI gayo che. traka vaMza -I. sa. pUrve je vaMzae gujarAtamAM rAjya karyuM te vize upara lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. I. sananI zarUAta pachI je vaMzoe hakUmata karI temAM eka trikUTaka vaMza maLe che. A vaMze gujarAtamAM I. sa. 250 thI 450 sudhI rAjya karyuM kSatrapa vaMzanA AkharI rAjyakartAone dabAvI saurASTra sudhI pitAnuM rAjya vadhAryuM. temanI rAjadhAnI "bharUca" ke "nAdeda"mAM hatI. emAMnA mazahUra rAjA indradata ane dahasena che. A uparAMta emanA vize kaMI bIjuM maLatuM nathI ane surata jillAmAM valasADa najIka AvelI pAraDImAMthI sikkA ane tAmrapaTa maLyAM che te uparathI ja A hakIkata mAlUma paDe che. gujara prajA-ema mAluma paDI AvyuM che ke tyArapachI 50 varasa sudhI gujarAtamAM ghaNA rAjAo thayA, ane moTI saltanata tUTI nAnI nAnI riyAsato UbhI thaI hareka bhAga upara eka khudamukhatyAra rAjA thayA. pAMcamI sadImAM gujara kAma hiMdustAnamAM AvI. asala A koma gurnistAnamAM rahetI hatI. e pradeza hAlamAM gubristAna ke jiyA nAme oLakhAya che. A lokoe IrAnamAM thaIne caDAI karI tyAre prathama temaNe paMjAba ane siMdhano kabajo lIdho tyArapachI rajaputAnA, mAravADa ane mALavAmAM thaI gujarAta, pUnA ane dakSiNanA bIjA liAkAmAM potAnI jhabaradasta saltanata - 1. mirAte mehandI, pR. 10

Page #85
hiMduone samaya [73 sthApI. hiMdustAnanA pazcima bhAganI mazahUra rAjadhAnI bhinnamAla, ujajena, valabhIpura ane kalyANI hatI. AgaLa vadhI enI ghaNIe zAkhAo thaI, (vastInuM pramANa jotAM lagabhaga 62 jAta Aje che); paraMtu cAra jAta ghaNI mazahUra cheH cAlukya, paramAra, cauhANa ane pratIhAra. solaMkI e cAlukyanI eka zAkhA che. eNe prathama kalyANI ane tyArapachI aNahIlavADa pAyatakhta banAvyuM. te jamAnAmAM I. sa. 50mAM bauddha ane brAhmaNe vacce sakhata laDAI cAlatI hatI. A bannee vijetAone pitAnI tarapha AkarSavAnI IcchA karI, paraMtu A vijetAone bauddha dharma mAphaka Ave ema nahatuM. brAhmaNoe pitAnA dharmamAM emane sAmela karI dIdhA. Abu pahADa upara agni devatA vaDe pavitra karyA tyArapachI emane "rAjapUta" nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM ane emanI eka jAta banAvavAmAM AvI. AthI hiMduoe A vijetA ane rAjyakartAonI madadathI hiMdustAnamAMthI bauddha dharma bahAra kADhI pharIthI pitAnA brAhmaNa dharmane pracAra karyo ane tene unnatinA zikhare pahoMcADyo. zarUAtamAM mALavA emanuM kendra hatuM. tyArabAda khuda gujarAtamAM emanI rAjadhAnI nAMdoda ane bharUca rahI. sikkA ane tAmrapatro uparathI temanA rAjAonAM je nAmo maLI AvyAM chete nIce pramANe che: dada, jayabhaTa, dada bIje, jayabhaTa bojo, dada trIje, jayabhaTa trIje. cInI musAphara hyuenasaMga sAtamI sadInA madhyamAM zIlAditya rAjA (kanoja)nA samayamAM khuda gujarAtamAM AvyuM hatuM. te lakhe che ke bharUca baMdara havAthI AjubAjuvALAonI enA upara najara rahe che. (arthAta bIjA rAjAo ene jItI levAnuM ke chInavI levAnuM cAhe che.) bharUcanI AsapAsanI jamIne "lAra" kahevAya che. mahera vaMza -A khAnadAna IrAnathI balucistAnamAM thaI hiMdustAnamAM AvyuM ane tyArapachI te saurASTramAM pahoMcyuM. skaMda

Page #86
74] gujarAtane itihAsa gukhe I. sa. 470 sudhI gujarAta upara hakumata karI. tyArapachI budhagupta (I. sa. 484-499) thI mAMDI valabhIpuranA bhaTArka (I. sa. 514) paryata gujarAta upara kene kene kabajo rahyo e vizenI kaMI sAcI vAta mAluma paDatI nathI. tethI ema dhAravAmAM Ave che ke gupta vaMzane harAvI "mahera" lekee saurASTranA uttara taraphanA bhAgane kabajo lIdho haze, kAraNa ke valabhIpuranAM tAmrapatromAM jaNAvavAmAM Ave che ke A mahera lekene harAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. mahera haju sudhI pazcima saurASTramAM che. jANItI vAta che ke pirabaMdarane raNe A ja vaMzano che. e mAnavAmAM Ave che ke pahelAM mahera lekee saurASTramAM hakUmata sthApI, te pachI bhaTArka mALavAthI bharUca sudhInA bhAga upara phateha meLavI ane samudra oLaMgI saurASTramAM Avyo. teNe eka kendra sthaLa nakkI karavAnA khyAlathI valabhIpuranuM baMdara pasaMda karyuM. ane tyAra pachI dhIme dhIme pitAnA tAbAnA dezane vadhArate rahyo. A kAraNathI mahera loko hatA gayA, Akhare morabImAM AvI potAnI vastI kAyama karI. saurASTranA uttaranA bhAga hAlAra ane okhAmaMDaLamAMthI valabhIpuranA rAjAone eka paNa utkIrNa lekha maLyo nathI, tethI ema jaNAya che ke A jagyAo upara mahera lekane kabaje haze. ane tyArapachI valabhIpuranA nAza bAda keTalAka bhAga upara pharIthI potAno kabaje karyo haze ane nAnI nAnI judI judI hakUmato sthApita thaI haze, je lAMbA samaya paryata rahI. I. sa. 867nA rASTrakUTa rAjA vanA jamAnAne eka lekha maLyo che temAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke maheranA baLavAna rAjAe humalo karyo hato ane ene harAvavAmAM Avyo hato. bhUmalI ane ghumalI baraDAnA pahADamAM enuM pAyatakhta hatuM. morabInuM eka tAmrapatra jAIdeva rAjAnuM maLyuM che temAM A salatanatanuM nizAna "bhAchalInuM che. ghaNuM karIne e I. sa. 904nuM che. bIjuM tAmrapatra rAjA jAdevanuM" mAchalInA nizAnavALuM maLyuM che temAM lakhyuM

Page #87
hiMduone samaya [75 che ke "saurASTranA bhUmalImAM rAjakartA rAjA. A rAjAno IlkAba "parama bhaTTAraka mahArAjAdhirAja" che. AthI ema jaNAya che ke A mahAna ane svataMtra salatanata hatI. tyArapachI dasamI sadImAM cuDAsamAoe mahera lekene bhUmalIthI hAMkI kADhayA tyAre teo porabaMdara cAlyA gayA. ane cuDAsamAoe jUnAgaDhamAM rAjadhAnI sthApI. dhoLakAmAMthI je zilAlekha maLyo che te uparathI mAluma paDe che ke cApa khAnadAnano rAjA "dharaNuvarAha" I. sa. 917mAM vaDhavANamAM rahetA hatA. e cuDAsamAnA rAjA "mahIpAladeva"nA tAbAmAM hate. A uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke e vakhate mahera lokone ahIMthI kADhI mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. cAlukyo : I. sa. 610-740 A khAnadAnane asala sthApaka dakSiNamAM hato, paraMtu jyAre enI caDatI thaI tyAre saltanatanA be hissA thayAH eka dakSiNane ane bIje gujarAtane. e vize ullekha Avaze. kAMkaNa upara I. sa. 500 thI 600 sudhI maurya khAnadAnanI hakUmata rahI. enuM pAyatakhta purInagara hatuM. cAlukyanA eka rAjyakartA rAjA pulakezI bIjAnI hakUmata I. sa. 610 thI 640 sudhI rahI. tenA eka saradAre e maune harAvI pAyatakhta chInavI lIdhuM. A bAbata eka zilAlekha uparathI maLI Ave che. evI rIte bijApura pAsenA eka gAmamAMthI I. sa. 634ne eka zilAlekha maLe che, te uparathI ema jaNAya che ke A rAjA mALavA, lATa (bharUca) ane gujara rAjAne samrATa hato; eTale ke A sAlamAM e tamAma enA tAbAmAM hatAM. jayasiMha varmA cAlukya khAnadAnane pahele gujarAtI svataMtra rAjA hatA. e pulakezI bIjAne nAno putra hato. enI hakumata i. sa. 666 thI I. sa. 693 paryata hatI. ema jaNAya che ke pulakezI pachI ene mATe putra vikAmAditya takhtanazIna thaye,

Page #88
76 ] gujarAtane ItihAsa ane jayasiMhavarmA enA tAbAmAM hato. tyArapachI thoDA samaya pachI vikramAditye pitAnA nAnA bhAI "siMha" varmAne gujarAtane rAjyakartA banAvyo. siMhavarmAnA putrane zilAlekha je navasArImAM che te uparathI A vAtane samarthana maLe che, ane "paramabhaTTAraka"nA ilkAba uparathI paNa mAlUma paDe che ke te AjhAda ane khuda-mukhatyAra hato. navasArI enuM pAyatakhta hatuM. e zilAlekha uparathI ema paNa mAluma paDe che ke lAMbI umara paryata e Avyo hato, ane bahudhA enI hayAtI daramyAna teno putra takhtanazIna thayo hato. jayasiMhavarmAne pAMca putra hatA. tenA samayamAM "phUTaka" saMvata cAlu hatA. emaNe Aste Aste dakSiNathI uttara tarapha mulka jItavAnuM zarU karI dIdhuM. gujara rAjAne dabAvavA paNa lAgyo. gujara rAjAnI hakUmata koMkaNa sudhI hatI, paraMtu jema jema cAlukyo emane dabAvatA gayA tema tema emaNe pIchehaTha karI ane Akhare bharUca sudhI pahoMcI gayA. tyArapachI valabhIpuranI madadathI ke cAlukyane tAbe thavAthI ene kabaje bharUca upara rahyo, kAraNa ke bharUcano AkharI gujara rAjA "jayabhaTa" I. sa. 734-735 paryata hayAta hatA. e bAda cAlukaya te chaDI uttara gujarAta tarapha vaLyA, ane dUra sudhI mulka chatI lIdhA, kAraNa ke ApaNe joIe chIe ke tene putra "buddhavarmA" kheDA upara hakUmata karate nahato, e eka zilAlekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che. tenA pachI nIce pramANenA rAjAo thayAH zIlAditya yuvarAja I. sa. 691, vinayAditya maMgalarAja I. sa. 731, ane pulakezI janAzraya I. sa. 738. enA jamAnAno eka zilAlekha navasArIthI maLyo che jemAM lakhyuM che ke araba lazkara je sinDathI AvyuM teNe kaccha, saurASTra, cAvaDA, maurya (ciDa) ane bhinnamAlanI salanatane bahu pajavI hatI. e bAda A khAnadAnane AkharI rAjA vijayarAja" I. sa. 740mAM thayo. tenI pAsethI rASTrakUToe

Page #89
hiMduone samaya [ 7 saltanata chInavI lIdhI. valabhIpuranuM rAjya e vAta nirvivAda che ke yunAnIo pachI gupta vaMze gujarAta upara pitAnI hakUmatanI jamAvaTa karI. ItihAsa e paNa sAbitI Ape che ke skaMdaguptane kabaje gujarAta upara I. sa. 470 sudhI rahyo. tyAra pachInI kaDI bahArathI tUTelI mAluma paDe che; paraMtu ApaNe joIe chIe ke A jamAnAthI hiMdamAM gujarenuM Agamana zarU thAya che. upara meM jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke gujara kema gujistAnathI AvI hatI. eNe sistAnathI nIkaLI hiMda upara caDAI karI. enA humalA I. sa. 450 thI pa0 paryata cAlu rahyA. paraMtu hiMdanA tAbe karelA emanA mulkane cokkasa samaya I. sa. 470 hato. e vakhatathI pitAnI chatomAM vRddhi karatA rahyA. mulatAna ane sindha pachI mAravADathI gujarAta, mALavA, ane dakSiNa tarapha nIkaLI gayA. uttara hiMdustAnane kabaje e pachI lIdhe. bahudhA enuM kAraNa e hatuM ke gupta ane anya baLavAna vaMzo haju tyAM mojuda hatA. A gujaranuM paheluM kendra bhinnamAla hatuM. tyAMthI khasI teo ujjaina (mALavA) gayA. e temanuM bIjuM kendra hatuM. tyAMthI emanA be sipehasAlAra be bAju gayA: eka gujarAta chatI bharUcamAM vasyA ane bIjAe dakSiNamAM pahoMcI kalyANa pAyatakhta banAvyuM. keTalAka dina pachI A kAmamAM prathama jAheramAM AvanAra zakhsa "zrIbhaTArka" hate. eNe gujarAta upara I. sa. pa09 thI para paryata rAjya karyuM. tene valabhIpuranA rAjya sthApaka gaNavAmAM Ave che. Adhunika saMzodhane uparathI mAluma paDe che ke enA prathama 1. naMdIpurI (nAMdoda)nA rAjAe potAne gujara kahyo che (gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsa-"valabhI'nuM praka7).

Page #90
78 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa rAjyaktvanA nAma sAthe " zrIbhaTArka tA zabda che ane emanA pachInA khetI sAthe senApati" zabda che. e uparathI ema jaNAya che ke A ane rAjAo ujjaina (mALavA)nA hAtha nIce hatA. e pachI tamAma rAjAonA nAma sAthe mahArAjA" zabda che, e sAbita kare che. huM e samayathI ee gujarAtanA svataMtra rAjyartA thayA. sAmAnya rIte emanA chellA rAjAe zIlAditya kahevAya che. tyAMsudhInA graMthaiA, judA judA sikkA ane tAmralekhA uparathI mAlUma paDayuM che ke lagabhaga 19 thI 201 rAjA thayA hatA. emanI hakUmata sAdhAraNa rIte traNaseA varasanI gaNAya che. A samaya madhya kALanI hakUmatanA che. tyArapachI pazu lAMkhA vakhata sudhI A kAmanI zAkhA rAjya karatI rahI, je vize vigatavAra carcA AgaLa upara Avaze. rAjyanA saMsthApaka ane tenu nAma upara kahevAmAM AvyuM che te pramANe A vaMzanA asala saMsthApaka bhaTArka che. jaina graMthAthI mAlUma paDe che ke A zaheranuM asala nAma "valabhIpura" hatuM. 'valabhI'nA artha esarI uparanA chAparAne je hissA AgaLa vadhelA hAya che, jene lIdhe varasAdanA tophAnathI makAnane nukasAna pahoMcatuM nathI, te che. aTakaLa karavAmAM Ave che ke e dezamAM A jAtanAM chAparAMAA rivAja jArI nahatA, valabhIpuramAM jyAre A prakAranAM makAne asaMkhya banAvavAmAM AvyAM tyAre leAkAe tenuM nAma ja "valabhIpura" rAkhyuM hatuM. e te lokomAM mazahUra thaI gayuM. sthAnaH-valabhIpuranA sthAna vize prazna upasthita thAya che. 1. tArIkhehinA-akAullAH prakaraNa gujarAtI. valabhIpuranA saMbaMdhamAM snala ToDa sAheba temaja jainAe je lakhyuM che te Adhunika zeAdhanathI bharosApAtra gaNAtuM nathI; AthI meM te cheDI dIdhu che. gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsamAM DhAkanI hakUmatanI muddata I. sa. 509 thI 120 ApavAmAM AvI che.

Page #91
hiMduone samaya [ 79 araba musApharoe enA vize kaMI lakhyuM nathI. e jamAnAnAM moTAM moTAM zahezathI A alaga prakAranuM nAma che, tenAthI e sUcana thAya che ke e eka svataMtra ane AlIzAna zahera hatuM. nahi to meTAM zaherene loko sAmAnya rIte "pattana" kahetA hatA. purANA cInI musAphara hyuenasaMganuM bayAna che ke lArekA (lAra arthAt bharUca) dezanI uttaramAM e AveluM che. bIrUnI kahe che ke aNuhIlavADathI dakSiNa tarapha 30 je jana (eka jajananA ATha mAIla) para che. iliyaTanA kahevA pramANe hAlanA bhAvanagara rAjyathI 20 mAIle ane chellA baMdara pAse AveluM che. Adhunika saMzodhanathI paNa lagabhaga A ja pramANe mAluma paDe che ke ghele nadInA kinAre "vaLA" nAmanA gAma pAse "valabA" ke "valabhI" nAmanuM eka nAnuM sarakhuM gAma AveluM che je A zaheranI yAdagAra tarIke gaNuya. hamaNuM sudhI eka gohIlanA ThAkaranA tAbAmAM rahyuM che. enI uttara ane pazcimamAM pIlunAM jhADonuM eka jaMgala che. tenI badhI bAjUe saDaka banAvavAmAM AvelI che. temAM valabhIpuranAM khaMDiyera mojuda che. varSA RtumAM sikkA vagere ghaNu purANI cIjo maLI Ave che. keTalAka leke makAnamAM vaparAtI cIjo bahAra khodI kADhe che. valabhInI saltanatanI sImA -enI sImA vize kaMI kahI zakAya ema nathI. paraMtu cInI musApharonA jamAnAmAM (I. sa. 640) enuM kSetraphaLa 6000 "lI" hatuM. je traNa "lI barAbara eka mAila gaNavAmAM Ave te e hisAbe 2000 mAIla thAya che. e eka TUMkuM nirUpaNa che jenI savistara hakIkta keTalAka utkIrNa lekho uparathI maLI Ave che. keTalAka utkIrNa lekha je morabI ane verAvaLathI maLI AvyA che te uparathI dhArI zakAya che ke saurASTrano pUrva ane uttarano bhAga emanA kabajAmAM hatuM. zarUAtamAM e gujarAnuM kendra "bhinnamAla" hatuM ane tyArapachI mALavA thayuM; tethI kharekhara saMpUrNa IkhtiyAra pachI Akhe gujarAta emanA tAbAmAM

Page #92
80] gujarAtano itihAsa haze. A pramANe pUrvamAM "ujena" ane "bhinnamAla", pazcimamAM arabI samudra, uttaramAM morabI, vaDanagara vagere, dakSiNamAM koMkaNa (yANA) vagere enI sImA haze. AbohavA ane vatanIe cInI musApharanuM kahevuM che ke A mulakamAM mALavAnA jevI ja cI temaja ThaMDI ane garamI rahyA kare che ane ahIMnA vatanIonAM rIta rivAja, sUrata, zikala, rItinIti ane Adata vagere paNa mALavAnA lekAnAM jevAM che. valabhIpura zahera -khuda valabhIpurane gherA cInI musApharI eka mAIla jaNAve che; paraMtu Adhunika saMzodhana mujaba A vizALa zaherane gherA pAMca cha mAIla jeTale gaNavAmAM Ave che, kAraNa A gAmathI pAMca mAIla paryata jamIna khodavAthI dIvAlenA pAyA maLI Ave che. A pAyA sAmAnya rIte mATI ane ITanA heya che. Aja sudhImAM koI ImArata ke dIvAlane pAyo paththarane maLyo nathI e uparathI ema dhAravAmAM Ave che ke e jamAnAmAM saurASTramAM paththaranI imArato bAMdhavAno rivAja na hato. zaherane keTa-upara khyAna karavAmAM AvyuM te mujaba cInI musApharanA kahevA pramANe A zaherano kATa eka mAIlano hato, jenI pAyAnI dIvAle sADA cAra phUTa jeTalI pahoLI hatI. dIvAla mATI ane pAkI I TenI banAvelI hatI. ITanI laMbAI 16 iMca ane pahoLAI daza iMca jeTalI hatI. enI jADAI 3 IMca jeTalI hatI. koTanI cAre bAjue khAI hatI je eTalI badhI UMDI hatI ke aMdarathI pANI nIkaLI AvyuM hatuM. A AsapAsa vIMTAyelI kha Ine Aka. . balakula mANasanA kAna jevo hato. valabhI saMvataH-e eka vicitra vAta che ke khuda valabhInI saltanatane koI saMvata na hatuM, paraMtu guptAno saMvata ee vAparatA hatA. verAvaLamAM "harSada mAtA nA maMdiramAM eka zilA

Page #93
hiMduone samaya [ 81 lekha che temAM nIcenI sAla ApavAmAM AvI che. vi. saM. 62, vikrama saMvata 1320, valabhI 945, siha 151. A uparathI mAluma paDe che ke valabhI saM. I. sa. 319 thI zarU thAya che. ane A ja saMvata guptane paNa che. A uparathI sAphasApha mAluma paDI jAya che ke eNe gupta saMvata IkhtiyAra karI lIdho che ane saMvatane cheDe valabhI zabda vadhArI dIdho che. aburIhAna bIrUnIne paNa e ja abhiprAya che ke valabhI ane gupta e baMnenI sAla eka ja che. ane jevI rIte AjakAla aMgrejo phakta pitAnA ja IsvIsanano upayoga kare che, paraMtu raiyata piotapotAnA saMvata jemake hijarIne, vikramane upayoga kare che tevI ja rIte e jamAnAmAM paNa reyata gupta saMvatano ja ghaNuM karIne upayoga karatI hatI, jemake morabInA zilAlekha uparathI mAluma paDe che. (jAI, devanuM tAmrapatra) te upara gupta saMvata 188 lakhavAmAM Avyo che. ane e vAta nirvivAda che ke e sAlamAM valabhInA rAjAo hatA ane gupta nahatA. vastI ane tenI Arthika sthiti - A zaheranI vastI vize khAtrIpUrvaka kaMIpaNa kahI zakAya nahi. mAtra ema kahevAya ke eka moTuM zahera hovAthI enI vastI paNa vadhAre haze. ane zaheranAM khaMDiyere tathA avazeSo cAra pAMca mAIla sudhI maLe che te uparathI mAnavAmAM Ave che ke je zahera cAra mAIlane gherAvAmAM hatuM temAM khacIta vastI vadhAre pramANamAM haze. AnI puSTi hyutasaMgane sapharanAmA uparathI maLe che. te lakhe che ke vastInuM pramANa vadhAre che. vaLI te umarAvonI saMkhyA seMka-- DenI batAve che. pAThazALAo, maThe ane maMdira paNa saMkhyAbaMdha hatAM. dharmopadezake hajAronI saMkhyAmAM hatA. e to khulle khulI, vAta che ke upadeza sAMbhaLanArA lAkhonI saMkhyAmAM hoya te ja te zaheramAM upadeza karanArA hajArabaMdha hoya. uparanI vAta dhyAnamAM. 1. tArIkhe hiMda bhA. 4, pR. 128, alIgaDha

Page #94
82 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa rAkhI kahI zakAya ke te zaheramAM lAkhanI vastI haze. A zaheranI Arthika sthiti ghaNI sArI havI. hyueMtasaMgathI mAMDI chellA araba musAphara enAM dhanadolatanA guNa gAya che. vepAradhIdhe paNa dhamadhokAra cAlatuM hatuM. tamAma baMda tijAratI mAlathI bharapUra hatAM. dIva, khaMbhAta, bharUca, cemUra, sopArA, ane thANuM meTAM baMdara hatAM. cInI musAphara lakhe che ke dUra dezAvaranI dalita ahIM jamA thavAne AvatI hatI. cInI musAphara ema paNa lakhe che ke e zaheramAM mAladAra khAnadAna ghaNuM che. ekasothI vadhu karoDapatio ahIM rahe che. rAjyaktae vizenI hakIkate - aphasosanI vAta che ke hiMdustAnanA lekenA zoka ane jhekanA abhAve A kAma vizene ahevAla koIpaNa itihAsamAMthI maLI zakato nathI, te vize kaMIka jANavAnuM sAdhana phakta khaMDiyere, alaga alaga jagyAethI maLelA utkIrNa lekhe ane sikkA che. utkIrNa lekhe uparathI ghaNI kImatI bAbato jANavA maLI che. A lekho sAdhAraNa rIte tAMbAnA che. temAM keTalAka pharamAnanA rUpamAM che. gujarAtamAM e "tAmrapatra" kahevAya che. tenA be bhAga hoya che ane te kaDIthI jaDavAmAM AvelA hoya che. kaDInI pAse rAjAnI chApa jevuM hoya che, jemAM "naMdI'nI mahera hoya che. hiMduo zaMkaranA piThiyAne "naMdI'nA nAmathI oLakhe che. "naMdInI nIce bhaTArkanuM nAma valabhIpuranA sthApaka tarIke lakhAyeluM hoya che. emAMnuM lakhANa saMskRta gadyamAM hoya che. A pharamAnamAM nIce pramANenAM nAme khAsa karIne Ave che: "kherAta karanAranuM nAma, kherAta lenAranuM nAma, sAla, ne vastu ApavAmAM AvI hoya tenuM nAma, lekhakanuM nAma, siphArIza karanAranuM nAma, je jagyAethI pharamAna bahAra pADavAmAM AvyuM hoya tenuM nAma, rAjAnI pUrI vaMzAvaLI, makAna ke milakta ke jamIna, je ApavAmAM AvyAM hoya to tenI sImA, sAla, mahine, divasa, ane Akhare rAjAne ilkAba, ane tenI sahI." rAjAnI

Page #95
'hiMduonA samaya [ 83 pUrI vaMzAvaLI ApavAmAM AvI hoya evAM tAmrapatra! phakta thoDA ja rAjAnAM che; bAkInA upara mAtra temanAM nAma AvatAM hatAM. atyAra patamAM 20 rAjAeAnAM nAma maLyAM che, temAMthI I. sa. para6mAM "dhruvasena" nAmane je rAjA thayA tene kAba parama bhAgavata GatA. " paramAditya " tenA bhAIne IlkAba hatA. rAjA guhasenane phrikAkha parama upAsaka' hatA. te pachI keTalAka rAjAonA "" << ' ', r "" lkiAba 'parama mAhezvara' maLe che. zIlAditya cothAnuM zirAnAma 'bappapAdAnudhyAta " lakheluM maLyu che. e dhaNuM karIne gurunA celA heAvAnA kAraNathI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM haze. bhaTA je A satanatane sthApaka che. teNe I. sa 509 thI para0 paMta hakUmata karI hatI. tenA trIjA putra dhruvasena pahelAnA traNa utka lekha maLyA che. pahelA lekha 207 (I. sa. para6) teA che. khIjA upara 210 (I. sa. 129) che, ane chellA 216 (I. sa. 535)ne che. te uparathI eTaluM mAlUma paDayuM ke I. sa. 535 pati nakkI tenA hAthamAM hakUmata rahI hatI tyArapachI tenA bhAI dharapade I. sa. 159 pa``ta saltanatanI lagAma peAtAnA hAthamAM rAkhI hatI. tenA pachI tene putra 'guhasena' AvyeA. A rAjAnA saMkhyAbaMdha lekhe maLyA che; temAMnA keTalAka vaLA" ane keTalAka bhAvanagarathI maLyA che. eka lekha upara valabhI 240 (I. sa. 559 ) che ane khIjA upara valabhI 246 (I. sa. 565) che. bhAvanagaranA zilAlekha upara valabhI 248 (I sa 567) lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. mATInA vAsaNa uparanA lakhANamAM valabhI 247 ( I. sa 566 ) che. A rAjA A khAnadAnamAM zAnAzakatavALeA hateA, kAraNa ke tyArachI rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI e ja gRhasenanA pachI zarU cAya che. ghaNuM karIne rajaputAnA ane saurASTramAM gAhIla vagere rajazvetA A ja khAnadAnanA hatA. tenA nAma puchIneA zabda mahArAjA' che. eka lekhamAM tene TTikAba parama mAhezvara che, te uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te vakhata paMta tA zivamAgI hatA. paraMtu Page #96
84 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa khIjA lekhamAM tene IlkAba parama upAsaka' che je uparathI ema jaNAya che ke tyArapachI bauddhamAgI thai gayA hatA. tenI phAie eka bauddha maThTha sthApyA hateA. khuda A rAjA paNa dAnavIra hatA. dharasena bIjo H--I. sa. 567 thI 589 5yata. A samayanA pAMca zilAlekha maLyA che. temAMthI traNa upara valabhI rapara (I.sa.571) ane ceAthA upara valabhI 269 (I. sa. 588) ane chellA upara 270 (i. sa. 189) che. pahelA traNa upara tenA vize "mahArAja" ane tyAra pachInA e upara mahA sAma'ta " lakhavAmAM AvyuM che, te uparathI ema jaNAya che ke chevaTanA bhAgamAM kAI khIjA rAjAnA tAbAmAM thaI gayA hatA. tene ilkAba " parama mAhezvara" che tethI ema samajAya che ke te zivane mAnanArA haze. ' zIlAditya pahelA H--I. sa. 144 pa ta. tenuM bIjuM nAma dharmAditya hatuM. tAmrapatra uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te zivamAgI hatA, paratu bauddhadharmI ene bahu ja dAna karyu hatuM, tethI ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke bauddhamAgI e tarapha tenI mAnavRtti bahu ja hatI. Akhare teNe tenA vArasa mATe gAdItyAga karyAM hatA ane pote AtmasayamI banI IzvaranI bhaktimAM mazagUla raheva lAgyA hatA. kharagraha pahelA HtAmrapatra uparathI phakta eTaluM mAlUma paDe che ke tene zIlAditya pahelAe peAtAnI najara AgaLa I. sa. p mAM takhtanazIna banAvyA hatA. dharasena trIjo : --I. sa. 615thI I.sa. 620 pa ta. tenA vizenI kAIpaNa bAbatanI mAhitI nathI e asAsanI vAta che. dhruvasena bIjo :( i. sa620 thI i. sa640. ) e dharasena trIjAneA bhAI che tenuM bIjuM nAma bAlAditya" che. tenA samayamAM cInI musAphara hyue tasaMga valabhIpuramAM AvyA hatA. keTalAMka tAmrapatrA uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke eNe dhaNI jItA meLavI hatI ane saltanatanA vistAramAM vRddhi karI hatI. paraMtu je tAmrapatra

Page #97
hiMduonA samaya [ 85 navasArIthI maLyuM che te uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke kaneAjanA rAjA harSa ( i. sa. chuTTa) tene harAvyA hatA. te vakhate bharUcanA "da" nAmanA khIjA rAjAe tene madada ApI hatI A lekha bharUcanA trIjA rAjA jayabhaTTa `I sa. nA jamAnAnA che. e uparathI ema jaNAya che ke kadAca e ja bharUcanA rAjA haze jeNe vacce paDI suleha karAvI kanAjanA rAjAnI putrI sAthe lagna karAvyuM hatuM; jemake cInI musAphare lakhyuM che ke ahIM chatro ( kSatrI) rajapUta rAja kare che. mALavAnA zIlAdityanA bhatrIjo pahelAM rAjya karatA hatA. have zIlAditya kanAjanA rAjAne jamAI thayA. keTalAka iti hAsAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke ThThI sadInI AkharamAM saltanatanA be TukaDA thaI gayA hatA : ekanuM pAyatakhta valabhIpura ane khIjAnu bharUca hatuM. je lekha navasArIthI maLyA che. tenAthI A vAtane samarthAMna maLe che. dhaNu karIne A vibhAge| 1 dharasena bIjAnA chevaTanA samayamAM thayA hatA. pahelA rAjAnuM nAma (1) " 66 pahelA, I. sa. 185-. sa. 605, ane bIjAnuM (2) jayabhaTTa, i sa 605I. sa. 620. ane lekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke tenA pachInA rAjAnuM nAma '' khIjo (bhaTTa) che. ane tyAra pachI jayabhaTTa khajo che. keTalAka itihAsAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke trIjo "da" (i. sa. OMOMpru) A vakhata paMta hi Mdu dharmamAM dAkhala thayA na hatA. tyArapachI brAhmaNeAe tene kSatriyAmAM gaNI temanA dharmAMmAM zAmela karyAM. 66 .. ,, dharasena cAthA:--i. sa. 640 nA zilAlekha maLyA che te upara tenuM vizeSaNa "parama bhaTAraka mahArAdhirAja cakravartI ' lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. A zirAnAma uparathI cAkhkhuM mAlUma paDI jAya che ke te eka jhabbaradasta rAjA hatA je pote svataMtra hateA eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu vistRta chatAne laI ne vizALa mulkane samrATa thai gayA 1. cInI musAphare AnuM nAma bhaTa lakhyuM che. lAhAra presa 701 734 ""

Page #98
gujarAtano ItihAsa hatA. ane ghaNuM karIne tenA pachI kAI bIje ATalo samartha rAjA na thaze, kAraNa ke pachInA koI bIjA lekhamAM "cakravatI' zabda maLato nathI. tenA be bIjA lekho maLyA che. pahelA upara va. sa. 326 (I. sa. 645) ane bIjA upara va. saM. 330 (I. sa.. 649) che. dhruvasena trIjo -i. sa. papha te dharasena cothAnA pitA (dhruvasena bIjA)nA kAkA (zIlAditya pahelA)nA putra dera bhaTTane chokara hato. ema jaNAya che ke te valabhIne na hato, eTale ke valabhImAM bApanI saltanata na hatI, paraMtu dakSiNa (bharUca) tarapha keI nAno rAjA haze, jeNe mekko joI valabhInuM takhta tAbe karyuM. navAnagara rAjamAM eka gAma dAnamAM ApyuM che tenA tAmrapatra upara va. saM. 332 (I. sa. 651) che. khagraha bIje I. sa. -Aja paryata tenA vize kaMI paNa hakIkata maLI nathI. phakta keTalAka lekha evA maLyA che jemAM agAunA rAjAonAM nAma sAdhAraNa rIte lakhelAM che, te uparathI ema kalpI zakAya che ke ghaNuM karIne teNe teo pAsethI saltanata chInavI lIdhI hatI. zIlAditya trIja-I. sa. 6 te khagraha bIjAne bhAI zIlAditya bIjAne putra che. te ghaNuM karIne viMdhyAcaLane sarahadI hAkema hatuM. tenA traNa lekha maLyA che. be upara valabhI 346 (I. sa. 665) ane trIjA upara valabhI 3para (I. sa. 671) lakhavAmAM Avela che. tenuM ziranAma "parama bhaTAraka mahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara che. tenA pachInA bIjA rAjAoe paNa A khitAba IkhtiyAra zIlAditya ceAthe -I. sa. 691. A ja varSane eka lekha maLe che te uparathI eTaluM mAluma paDyuM ke tenA putranuM nAma kharagraha" hatuM.

Page #99
hiMduono samaya [ 87 zIlAditya pAMcame -i. sa. 2. goMDalamAM be lekha maLyA che te upara va. sa. 403 maLI Ave che. vaLI e paNa lakhavAmAM AveluM che ke tenA putra zIlAdityanI siphArizathI A dAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che. zIlAditya choH-teNe va. sa. 441 (I. sa. 760)mAM keine dAna ApyuM ema eka lekha uparathI jaNAya che. zIlAditya sAtame -va. sa. 447 (I. sa. 766)ne eka lekha maLe che. valabhI samayanA heddedAre - e jamAnAmAM jeTalA heddedAra hatA te tamAmanAM nAma lakhavA asaMbhavita che; paraMtu lekhe uparathI jeTalAM nAmo maLyAM che ane tene je artha samajavAmAM AvyA che te nIce pramANe che: hedAnuM nAma atha drAMgika keTavALa paTela havAladAra dhruva talATI AdhikaraNika kAjhI daMDapAzika lIsano vaDe amaladAra cauoddhAraNika cerame pagalAM uparathI pAra khanAra (A hoddo siMdha, paMjAba ane rAjaputAnAmAM Aje paNa mojuda che.) rAjasthAnIya videzI pradhAna pradhAna (A hedo sAmAnya rIte yuvarAjane ApavAmAM AvatA). mahAra coTala, amAtya

Page #100
88 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa anutpannAdAna-samudragrAhaka pAchalI bAkI vasUla karanAra amaladAra zaukika jakAta ugharAvanAra amaladAra bhaugika athavA bhegadharaNika kalekaTara (jamInanA utpanna mAMthI mahesUla ugharAvanAra amaladAra) varbhapAla thANadAra pratisAraka gAmane cokIdAra rASTrapati kamiznara grAmakUTa gAmano mukhI dipati vaDe maMtrI pramAtA mApaNI karanAra rAjyanA vibhAga:-te samaye rAjyanA cAra bhAga hatAH prAMta AhAra jillo 5thaka piTA vibhAga (tahasIla) sthalI paddha (ghaNuM karIne peTA vibhA gathI paNa nAno vibhAga) jamInanuM mahesUla -saltanatanA be hissA hatAH (1) uttarane eTale ke saurASTra vagere, (2) dakSiNane eTale ke kheDA, bharUca viSaya vagere. e baMne jagyAe jamInane vahIvaTa judo judo hato. kheDA eTale ke dakSiNanA bhAgamAM jamInanuM mahesUla pedAzanA bhAgamAMthI levAtuM hatuM, paraMtu saurASTramAM rivAja judo ja hatuM. tyAM jamInanA mApa pramANe vasUlAta levAtI hatI, mApaNI kadamathI thatI hatI ane temAM vajana karavAne rivAja na hato. TokarInuM mApa cAlatuM hatuM. Aje paNa A pramANe ja brahmadezamAM jovAmAM Ave che. ghaNuM karIne khetaranAM nAma kAI jhADa, taLAva ke deva uparathI rAkhatA hatA. "

Page #101
hiMduonA samaya [ 89 valabhInA rAjAonA dharma:--upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke valabhInA rAjavaMza asala gujarAtI zAkhA che. ane gujarA asala sUryapUjaka hatA. irAnamAM paNa te sUryanA pUjArI hatA. jyAre teo hiMdamAM pahoMcyA tyAre temanI sAme parAjaya pAmelI kAmanA ghaNA dharmAM hatA. eka teA brAhmaNI dharmAM--ziva ane viSNunA pUjaka; khIjo auddha dharma, ane trIjo jaina dharmI. pahelAM sArA hiMdustAna upara brAhmaNAnuM Adhipatya hatuM. tyArapachI bauddha dharmAM ane azeke AkhA hiMdustAnamAM bauddha dharmanA pracAra karyAM ane hiMdustAnanI vastIne! ghaNAkharA bhAga bauddhdhI thai gayA. paraMtu tyArabAda vikramAjite bauddha dharmanA mAnanArAone hareka ThekANethI hAMkI kADhavAnI zarUAta karI. pariNAme gujarA ahI AvyA tyAre ghaNI jagyAe kAmane vaDA sAmAnya rIte brAhmaNa hatA, paraMtu lokA baudhamI hatA. khAsa karIne A sthiti gujarAta, saurASTra ane siMdhamAM hatI. musalamAneAnA Agamana pata A hAlata jArI rahI hatI. jaina dharmAMnA naMbara A mulkamAM trIjo AvatA hatA. jyAre bauddha dharmanI khAnAkharAkhI thai tyAre jainadhamIoe temanI jagyA lIdhI. jyAre gujarA ahI AvyA tyAre hareka dhame temane peAtAnA tarapha AkavAnI icchA karI. Akhare keTalAka bauddhadharmI thaI gayA ane keTalAka zivadhI. paraMtu A laDAyaka kAma . rAjasattA cAhatI hatI, tene mATe bauddha dharmAM munAsiba na AvyA. valabhInA rAjAemAM bhaTA ziva dharmone Adara karanAra pahelA hatA ane A ja kAraNathI keTalIka peDhI pa``ta hareka lekha upara bhaTArkanAM nAma ane mudrA sAthe naMdInI RkSmI paNa jovAmAM Ave che. brAhma NeAe Abu pahADa upara agni saLagAvI gujarAne pavitra karI kSatriya rajapUta banAvI zivadharmamAM kevI rIte dAkhala karyAM te gujarAnA itihAsaneA abhyAsa karavAthI mAlUma paDaze. bharUcanA

Page #102
90] gujarAtano itihAsa gujara rajA trIjA da6 bhade (I. sa. 675) kevI rIte brAhmaNe gujarane kSatriya rAjapUta manAvI temanI vaMzAvaLI temanI sAthe meLavI sanaMda ApatA temaja teNe pite kevI rIte temanA upara rAjya karyuM, te hakIkta jaNAvI che. TUMkamAM je lekee te jamAnAmAM dhamatara karI brAhmaNane sAtha lIdhe teo rajapUta gaNAvA lAgyA ane jeo brAhmaNothI alaga rahyA teo Aja paryata gujare kahevAya che. gujarAta ane paMjAbamAM adyApi paNa e lekane e nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. guhasenanI pahelAM bhaTArka khAnadAna A ja dharma mAnatuM hatuM, paraMtu ItihAsakAra eka mate mAne che ke guhasena bauddhadhamI hato. be tAmrapatra upara zivadharmI rAjAo je zire nAma rAkhatA hatA te tenA nAma sAthe vAparavAmAM AvyuM che ane AkharI upara je khitAba bauddhadharmIo vAparatA hatA te lakhavAmAM Avyo che. A uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke zarUAtamAM te pitAnA bApadAdAnA dharmane vaLagI rahyo haze. paraMtu bauddhadharmIoe (jeo zarUAtathI ja dharmaparivartananI koziza karatA rahyA haze) tenA upara evo to prabhAva pADyo ke Akhare bauddhadharmI thaI gaye. bahudhA mahelamAM paNa ghaNIkharI strIo bauddhadharmane mAnatI hatI, jemake guhasenanI pheInI chokarI paNa bauddha dharmane mAnatI hatI. teNe saMkhyAbaMdha bauddha maTha baMdhAvyA ane ghaNuM ja dAna karyuM. remanA kesamAM khristI dharma mATe ane caMgIjhakhAnanA kuTuMbamAM IslAma dharma mATe jeTalI rasAkasI thaI teTalI ja e khAnadAnamAM te pachIthI dharma mATe thaI. pariNAme keTalAka zivama thayA, keTalAka bauddhadharmI ane keTalAka jainadhamI thayA. valabhInA rAjAo zivadharmI hoya ke bauddhadhama, paraMtu teo ghaNuM udAra hatA. temaNe brAhmaNe temaja bauddhomAM sarakhI rIte dAna karyuM. emAMthI je leke (rAjA) zivamAgI hatA, teo vizeSe "lakulIza" saMpra

Page #103
hiMdunA samaya [ r dAyanA hatA. e paMthanuM sauthI mahAna maMdira "kAravaNuM"mAM nama~dA nadInI najIka che. bahudhA A ja kAraNathI zivadhanA lAkA nadA nadIne pavitra samaje che. zivadhanI eka zAkhA "pAzupata" che. A dharmanI mukhya khAsiyata e che ke dhane mATe hareka vakhate laDAI karavAne temAMnA eka phirakA taiyAra rahetA hatA. evA dhane mATe laDanArA lagna ? karatA na hatA. ane AvI sAvadha jiMdagI jIvatA hAvAthI vRddhAvasthAmAM paNa majabUtI sAcavI zakatA hatA. rAjA dhaNuM karIne A dharmI khtiyAra karI letA hatA, kAraNa ke fAja mATe temane uttama laDavaiyA maLI jatA hatA. cInI musAphara hyuetasaMga valabhIpura AvyA tyAre dhArmika dRSTithI paNa e zahera dhaNuM rezanakadAra hatuM. tyAM ekasethI paNa vadhAre bauddha vihArA hatA ane cha hajArathI paNa vizeSa A dharmanA upadezaka sAdhu hatA. tee rAtadina pavitra pustakAnA abhyAsa karatA hatA. A lokA dhaNuM karIne bauddhadharmanA hinayAna pathanA hatA. ane devadevIonAM seMkaDA maMdiza meAbUda hatAM. vaLI te lakhe che ke manuSyanI duniyAmAM buddha hatA tyAre te ghaNuM karIne A mulkamAM AvyA karatA hatA. je jhADe! nIce te AvI esateA haze temanI pAse rAjA azoke yAdagIrI tarIke "stUpa" adhAvyA, tenAthI khuddanI besavAnI jagyA mAlUma paDe che. A jAtanA stUpa" adyApi prahmadezamAM sakhyAbaMdha che, te nakkara baMdhAvyA che. majakUra musAphara lakhe che ke ahIM dharmomAM navInatA pedA karanAra dhaNA che. ,, enA bahudhA kahevAtA bhAvA--je leAkA auddhadharmI kharA paraMtu temane saMbaMdha baudha nA bIjA paMtha sAthe che ane temanI eLakhane mATe lakhyuM che ke bhabhUta lagADe che. ghaNuM karIne kahevAnA bhAvA hiMdu sAdhu che. .

Page #104
12] gujarAtane ItihAsa valabhIpurane vinAza A AlIzAna zahera je aDhIso sAlathI paNa vadhAre samaya paryata tamAma zaheramAM mazahUra hatuM, enI kharAbI kevI rIte thaI e eka evI bAbata che ke je vize hArUnanA khajAnAnI mAphaka kaMI samajaNa paDatI nathI. ghaNuM daMtakathAo che. kAIe kahyuM ke tene vinAza pArthiyananI mAraphata thaye. kaI dUNanuM nAma Ape che. ane keI kahe che ke e loko "keTI" hatA. iliyaTa sAhebe paNa e vize kaMI khAsa abhiprAya vyakta karyo nathI. keTalAka ema paNa kahe che ke siMdhanA araboe ene verAna karyuM. keTalAMka tAmrapatra uparathI AnA saMbaMdha mATe paNa koziza cAlu che. prathama huM e daMtakathAo jaNAvuM chuM, te pachI e vize khAsa carcA karIza ke e zaherano kayA samaya daramiyAna vinAza thayo ane kevI rIte thayo. jenI pustakamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "DheDhalImala" nAmane eka sAdhu pitAnA celA sAthe valabhIpura Avyo ane zahera najIka pitAnuM sthAna nakkI karyuM. cele zaheramAM bhIkha mAgavA gayo paraMtu keIe kaMI ApyuM nahi. na chUTake jaMgalamAM gayo ane lAkaDAM kApI lAvyo ane te vecI pasA meLavyA. ATa kharIdI roTalI pakavavAnI IcchA karI tyAre lekAe inkAra karyo, chatAM eNe jeTalI pakAvI. lAMbA samaya paryata te A ja pramANe rahyo. Akhare eka divase sAdhue celAne pUchayuM ke "tArA zira uparanA vALa kema kharI paDe che ?" teNe asala vastusthitinuM khyAna karyuM ke "lAkaDAM hararoja mAthA upara uThAvavAnuM A pariNAma che." sAdhue kahyuM: " kAle huM ja jaIza" ane te gayo; paraMtu kuMbhAro sivAya koIe dAna ApyuM nahi. AthI sAdhune krodha caDyo. teNe kuMbhAra upara saMdeza mokalyo ke " tuM tArA kuTuMba kabIlAne laIne ahIMthI cAlyo jA, kAraNa ke have A zaherano vinAza thaI jaze. paraMtu jatI vakhate pAchuM pharI joIza nahi." pachI kuMbhAra cAlyo gayo. paraMtu jyAre te bhAvanagara

Page #105
hiMduone samaya [93 pahoMcyo tyAre tenI strIe pAchuM pharI jAyuM, ane te paththaranI thaI gaI. lekAe tenuM nAma "rUdApurI mAtA" rAkhyuM. sAdhue tyAM kANiyAnuM eka vAsaNa laI UMdhuM vALI dIdhuM ane kahyuM ke zahera A rIte UMdhuM vaLI jaze ane tenI lata dhULa thaI jaze. te ja samaye valabhIpurane nAza karyo. A kahANImAMthI nIcenI hakIkata mAluma paDI Ave che : (1) jaina khyAna karanAre A camatkAra evI suMdara rIte varNavyo che ke te uparathI sApha mAluma paDI jAya che, ke A sAdhu jena hato. (2) valabhIpuranI vastImAM bauddhadhamI enuM pramANa vadhAre hatuM, kAraNa ke A samayathI te musalamAnanA jamAnA paryata siMdha ane gujarAtanI moTI AbAdI bauddha hovAnI sAbitI arabI musApharonAM sapharanAmAMomAMthI mAluma paDe che. (3) bauddha ane jene loko vacce sakhata adAvata hatI ane ekabIjA sAthe dharmayuddha cAlyA karatuM hatuM, kAraNa ke valabhInA leke mAladAra ane dAnavIra hatA. bilakula asaMbhavita che ke eka sAdhu AvI rIte anAja pANI vagara tyAM rahe, leke pAse bhikSA mAge ane eka TaMkanuM khAvAnuM paNa na maLe. A banAva phakta eka ja saMjogamAM banI zake ke sAdhu jaina hoya ane valabhIpuramAM bauddhadharmI lokonuM jena tarapha vartana kharAba heya. (4) A kuMbhAra bahudhA nIca vano haze. (5) je jagyA upara e raheto hato te valabhIpuranI koI sImA para mahelle ke najIkanuM gAma haze. (6) ghaNuM karIne A mahellA ke gAmanuM nAma "rUdApura" haze. have bIjI daMtakathA joIe, je sAmAnya ItihAsa (gujarAtI) mAM maLe che ane lagabhaga hareka hiMdu graMthakAre ene ullekha karyo che. valabhIpuramAM kAka nAme eka dolatamaMda zamsa raheto hato. A zaheranAM moTAM moTAM makAne tenI mAlikInAM hatAM. tenI dIkarI pAse hIrAnI ( hIrAjaDita) kAMsakI hatI. rAjAnI kuMvarIne jyAre A

Page #106
94] gujarAtane ItihAsa vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre te levAnuM tene mana thayuM, paraMtu kAkunI chokarIe te ApavAne inkAra karyo, AthI rAjakuMvarIne sakhata mAThuM lAgyuM ane teNIe tenA pitA AgaLa e vAtanI phariyAda karI. khuda rAjAe kAku pAsethI tenI mAgaNI karI, paraMtu teNe paNa ApavAnI sApha nA pADI. AthI rAjA krodhe bharAyo ane teNe sipAI mokalI baLAtkAre chInavI lIdhI. kAku A apamAna sahana karI zakyo nahi ane A julmane badale levAne teNe pAke IrAde karyo ne eka moTI rakama najarANAmAM ApI paradezI lazkara laI AvyA. A paradezI lazkare valabhIpuramAM lUMTa calAvI rAjane khedAnamedAna karI nAkhyuM. bahudhA A kAku bauddhadharmI hatA, kAraNa ke e mulkamAM mahAna vepArIo tathA tavaMgara leke bauddhapaMthI hatA. ane ghaNuM karIne valabhIpuranA AkharI zilAditya rAjAo bauddhapathI nahatA. AthI saMbhavita che ke A kissAmAM paNa dhArmika bhAvanA kAma karI rahI heya. aburahAna banIe tenI kitAbamAM A bAbatamAM je kaMI kahyuM che te nIce pramANe che : leke kahe che ke eka AdamI jene siddhi prApta thaI gaI hatI, (ane je ghaNuM karIne bauddhadharmI hata) teNe keTalAka rabArIone pUchayuM: tame tevaLa nAmanI eka buTTI joI che? tene pArakhavAnI nizAnI e che ke jyAre ene teDavAmAM Ave tyAre sapheda dUdhane badale lehI bahAra nIkaLe che." teNe javAba Apyo ke hA, joI che. te AdamIe pelA rabArIne InAma ApyuM, eTale teNe tene jaDIbuTTI batAvI dIdhI. tyAra pachI pelA mANase eka khADo khodI Aga saLagAvI. ane jyAre te barAbara jaleda thaI tyAre teNe rabArInA kUtarAne AgamAM pheMkI dIdhuM. AthI rabArI dhAyamAna thayo ane teNe pelA AdamIne pakaDI AgamAM dhakelI mUkyo. Aga bujhAI gaI tyAM sudhI te tyAM

Page #107
hiMduono samaya | [ 95 joto rahyo ane ThaMDI thayA bAda jue che te te baMne sonAnAM thaI gayAM hatAM. teNe pitAnA kUtarAne laI lIdho, ane AdamIne tyAM ja rahevA dIdho; kAryasaMge eka gAmaDiyo tyAMthI pasAra thaye, teNe tenI eka AMgaLI kApI lIdhI ane eka vANiyo jenuM nAma "ka" hatuM tenI pAse jai te vecI mArI. tyArapachI pitAne jarUrI cIjo kharIdI te pAcho Avyo. bIje divase jyAre te pharIthI tyAM pahoMcyo tyAre te AdamInI AMgaLI hatI tevI thayelI tene mAluma paDI, teNe pharIthI kApI laI majakura vANiyAne ApI jarUrI cIjo kharIdI lIdhI. A pramANe te harareja karato hato. Akhare vANiyAne kharI vastusthitinI khabara paDI. ane pelA gAmaDiyAe paNa tene khullA dilathI asala hakIkata kahI saMbhaLAvI. modI pelA sonAnA AdamIne potAne ghera laI gayo ane ati dolatamaMda thaI gaye. zaheranAM makAno moTo bhAga tenI mAlikImAM AvI gaye. jyAre tenI dolatamaMdInI khabara rAjAne kAne pahoMcI tyAre teNe pelA modI pAse te dhananI mAgaNI karI. vANiyAe InkAra karyo, paraMtu tene Dara lAgyo ke rakhene rAjA mokko dekhI vera le. tethI majUrA (siMdhanuM pAyatakhta je verAna thaI gayuM hatuM te)nA pAdazAha pAsethI teNe sahAya mAgI ane puSkaLa dhanane bhoge dariyAI kAphalAnI mAgaNI karI. AthI masUrAthI dariyAI beLo Avyo, ane rAtrine samaye humalo karyo. jemAM valabhI rAjA mAryo gayo, zahera lUMTAI gayuM ane yatanI khAnAkharAbI thaI gaI." 1 A ullekhane lagatI nIce pramANe hakIkate dhyAna kheMce tevI che. bIrUnIe A daMtakathAnI zarUAta evI rIte karI ke "loke kahe che. A uparathI cokkasa rIte mAlUma paDI gayuM ke khuda tene paNa te upara zraddhA nathI. ane siddhi prApta karelI ne sonuM banAva 1. kitAbe hiMda albarUnI, pR0 94-yuro5. ghaNuM karIne bIrUnIno e kisso "prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi" sAthe maLate che.

Page #108
96] gujarAtane ItihAsa vAnI vAta te evI rIte aMdara Ave che ke te AzcaryakAraka vicitra ane asvIkArya che. (2) A ullekhamAM valabhInA rAjAnuM nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM nathI. je hota to te uparathI mAlUma paDI jAta ke e kayA samayane banAva che. (3) eNe kaI sAla paNa dIdhI nathI. teNe siMdhanA hAkemanuM nAma temaja majUrAnA hAkemanuM paNa nAma ApyuM nathI, ke jenI sAthe valabhIpuranA nAzane saMbadha hoya. AvA saMjogamAM A vAtane kharekha ane cokkasa rIte pa. meLavavo behada muzkela che. keTalAka hiMdu itihAsakAroe umarabina jamAlanuM paNa nAma lakhyuM che. I have caDAI karanAra vizenI cokhavaTa karyA pahelAM arabonA gujarAta uparanA tamAma humalAnuM khyAna karavuM munAsiba thaI paDaze. aoe sauthI pahele humale hi. sa. 15 (I. sa. 636)mAM thANA upara karyo hato. te vakhate valabhInA rAjAomAM kUvasena bIje (I. sa. 620 thI I. sa. 640 ) rAjya karato hato. thoDA divasa bAda bharUca upara humale AvyA. te samaye bharUcamAM gujaranuM rAjya hatuM, paraMtu bIjApuranA pulakezInA lekha uparathI mAluma paDe che ke pulakezI bIje (dakSiNI cAlukaya ) tamAma gujarAta upara zahenazAhata karI rahyo hato. bharUcane gujara rAjA "da" bIje (I. sa. 633) hate. hi. sa. 93 (I. sa. 711) mAM mohammada bina kAsime siMdha jItI lIdhuM ane saMpUrNa vyavasthA karyA bAda bhinnamAla tarapha te pharyo, ane tyAMnA loko laDayA vagara tAbe thaI gayA. tyArapachI ja mehammada bina kAsimane arabastAna pAcho belAvI levAmAM AvyuM. te vakhate valabhIpura upara zIlAditya cothA (I. sa. 691 thI 722)nuM ane bharUca upara jayabhaTTa trIjA (I. sa. 700 thI 735) ane dakSiNa gujarAta upara - 2. prAcIna ItihAsa, prakaraNa cAlukaya. 3. balAjharI phahe siMdhamisara.

Page #109
hiMduone samaya [97 cAlukyamAMthI maMgalarAja (I. sa. 731)nuM rAja hatuM, mohammada kAsimanA gayA pachI je hAkema AvyA te paNa pelAonI mAphaka AMtaravigrahamAM eTalA racyApacyA rahyA, ke teo bhinnamAla temaja siMdhane paNa saMbhALI na zakyA ane siMdhanA ghaNA jillA arabonA hAthamAMthI jatA rahyA, hi. sa. 107 (I. sa. 726 ). junaida siMdhanA sUbA tarIke AvyA. siMdhanI vyavasthA karyA bAda teNe potAnA hAtha nIcenA amaladArone gujarAta upara humalo karavAne ravAnA karyo. nAnuM raNa vaTAvI teo pahelAM mAravADamAM AvyA, tyAMthI mAMDala (vIramagAma pAse) pahoMcyA, ane tyAMthI nIkaLI dhiNeja AgaLa mukAma karyo. (te rAdhanapura ane paMcAsara pAse che. AjakAla tyAM eka nAnuM sarakhuM gAma rahI gayuM che.) tyAMthI sIdhA jaI bharUca upara humalo karyo. bharUcathI habIba nAmanA eka saradAre mALavA (ujajena) ne sIdhe rasto lIdho. te chatI "baherInaMda" ane tyArapachI bhinnamAla jaI gujarone harAvato te siMdha pAko cAlyo gayo. te vakhate valabhIpuranA takhta upara zIlAditya pAMcamo (I. sa. 700 thI 735) rAjya karato hato. dakSiNa gujarAtamAM cAlukaya vaMzano trIjo rAjA maMgalarAja ( I. sa. 731 ) rAjya karato hato ane dakSiNamAM eka navI ja sattA pedA thaI cUkI hatI, jeNe kalyANa (dakSiNa)thI mAMDI tamAma dakSiNa temaja vAyavya khUNo (paMcAsara) vaTAvI saurASTranA eka moTA hissA upara phatehano jhaMDo pharakAvyo hato, ane kaccha paNa teNe pitAnA tAbAmAM laI lIdhuM hatuM. e cAlukya vaMza solaMkInI zAkhA hatI ane "bhuvaDa" A samaye mahArAjA hatA. bhuvaDe ja paMcAsaranI cAvaDA saltanatane nAza karyo hato ane pacAsa sAla paryata tenA upara potAno kAbu rAkhe hati (athavA te tenA vArase tene kabaje sAcavI rAkhe 1. balAjhArI-phahe siMdha (presa) misara.

Page #110
98] gujarAtane ItihAsa hatI ane enA DarathI cAvaDA khAnadAnane yuvAna rAjakuMvara (kumAra vanarAja) jaMgalamAM chupAto pharato hato temaja lUTamAramAM mazagUla hato. - have junede jItelA mulake pharIthI joIe. temAMthI eka jagyA "maramada " ane bIjI "baherImaMda" che. emanAM asala nAmono cokkasa patto nathI, tema chatAM e kayAM Avela tenI saMbhAvanA thaI zake che. junaida jyAre siMdhathI nIkaLyo tyAre prathama te "maramada" mAM Avyo ane tyArapachI viramagAma pAse AvelA mAMDalamAM Avyo. have nakazA upara najara karavAthI ema mAlUma paDe che ke "maramada" ghaNuM karIne nAnA raNa pAse eka jagyA che. tyAM ArAma levAne arabee pahele paDAva nAkhyo hato. e mAravADano bhAga hate. ujjaina (mALavA)thI nIkaLI "baherImaMda thaI bhinnamAla pahoMcyo. A uparathI mAluma paDe che ke "baherImaMda" mALavA e bhannamAla vacce che. - junedanA humalAnuM kAraNa A jamAnAnA rAjakIya banAva tarapha eka najara pheMkavAthI sApha sApha mAlUma paDI jAya che ke, jo ke gujarAtamAM alaga alaga hakUmata hatI, paraMtu te samaye te tamAma upara dakSiNa selaMkInI zahenazAhata hatI, jenI sarahado siMdhane maLatI hatI. solaMkI khAnadAna unnatinA zikhara upara hatuM tethI harekane ene Dara hatA. bharUcanA gujara ane dakSiNa gujarAtanA cAlukya tenA tAbAmAM hatA. siMdha ane gujarAtanI sarahado joDAyelI hatI, tethI saMbhavita che ke kaMI sarahadI kajiyAthI tenI zarUAta thaI haze ane Akhare laDAInuM svarUpa pakaDyuM haze; jemake khuda siMdhanA rAjAo sAthe A jAtane mAmalo Ubho thayo hato.1 1. tArIkhe hiMda, bhA. 1, pR. 651, haidarAbAda

Page #111
hiMduonA samaya [ 99 ane jo ke A laDAI phakta solaMkI sAthe hatI tethI ema jaNAya che ke je leAkA khuda duzmana nahi te! duzmananA sahAyaka hatA temanI sAthe ja junede laDAi karI. junaida sAthe prathama mAMDalamAM yuddha thayuM. bIjI raNakSetra dhiAja hatuM, jyAM paMcAsaranI saMpU sAlakI tAkata cUrecUrA thai gai. A bAjU bharUca e lokAnA tAbAmAM hatuM tethI tyAMthI temane madada maLI haze ane jyAre junaidane enI khabara paDI tyAre turata ja te bharUca paheoMcyA ane eka ja laDAimAM tene khatama karyu. tyArapachI tene mAlUma paDayuM ke ujjainanA leAkeA humalA karavAnI taiyArImAM rAkAyA che, tethI ujjainanA loka ahIM Ave te pahelAM teNe humalA karI jItI lIdhuM. have A vijetA peAtAnA mulka siMdhathI ati dUra nIkaLo gayA hatA ane duzmanoe bIjI bAjuethI A meAkrAnA phAyado uThAvyA eTale ke bhinnamAlamAM gujarA mATI sakhyAmAM temane rAkavAne hAjara thayA. junaide joyuM ke have AgaLa vadhavAmAM bhaya che ane bhinnamAlamAM jo gujarAnI tAkata jamA thaI jAya teA pAchA pharavuM paNa muzkela thaze; AthI pUrapATa te bhinnamAla pahoMcyA ane gujarAtI ATalI tAkatane paNa phanA karA siMdha pALeA AvI paheAMcyA. A jagamAM junade cALIsa karoDanI lUTane mAla hAsila karyAM. saurASTra ane gujarAtanAM sarahadI sthaLeA upara cokI geAvI dIdhI ane tenA saMrakSaNa mATe uttama gAThavaNa karI thayeA. mArA A byAnathI spaSTa thaze ke junede phakta duzmane! ke duzmanAnA sahAyaka sAthe ja laDAi karI, je taTastha rahyA hatA temane eNe bilakula cheDayA nahi. jue, seAmanAtha pATaNa eka mahAna baMdara hatuM, tyAM te gayA nahi; khaMbhAtanuM baMdara bharUca javAnA rastAmAM hatuM tenA tarapha teNe najara paNa na karI; zIlAditya rAjA taTastha hatA tethI te valabhIpura paNa na gayA. junaida tyAM thayA hAta teA te jagyA evI 1. Ibna khalkana, pR. 297, bhA, 5, urdU

Page #112
100 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa hatI ke jarUra arakhA tene yAda karata. amI tArIkheAmAM nAnIsUnI jagyAenAM nAmeA paNa ApavAmAM AvyAM che. valabhIpura je eka mATuM dolatamaMda zahera hatuM te teo kevI rIte bhUlI jAya? ApaNe joIe chIe ke te pachI paNa chaThThA zIlAditya ane sAtamA zIlAditye valabhIpuramAM rAjya karyuM hatuM. cAlukya rAjAnA jamAnAnA navasArIthI eka lekha maLyA che tenAthI mArI A vAtane samana maLe che. jemake pulakezI janAzrayanA jamAnAnA lekha che, jemAM ullekha karavAmAM AvyA che ke araba lazkare siMdha, kaccha, saurASTra, cAvaDA, maru ( mAravADa ) bhinnamAlanI saltanatane herAna karI hatI. A lekha I. sa. 73839 ( pulakezInA jamAnA) tA che,1 eTale ke asala banAvathI dasabAra sAla bAdatA che. jue, AmAM paNa cAvaDA, maru ane bhinnamAlanA ullekha che, paraMtu valabhI vize kaSTa nathI. saurASTrane ullekha che paraMtu teneA arthAM valabhIrAja thatA nathI, kAraNa ke valabhI kaMI ajJAta jagyA na hatI ke tenI jagyAe kAI madUra jagyA saurASTranA nAmathI lakhavAmAM Ave. gujarAtI dRSTima'duthI A humalAnI asaraH-- jyAre kAI lazkara eka mulka upara humalA kare tyAre te mulkamAM azAMtinuM vAtAvaraNa phelAI jAya ja che, raiyata herAna thaI jAya che, mAtRbhUminAM hajAro pharo taravAranA bhAga thAya che. arakhAnA humalA vakhate paNu A badhuM banyuM haze. paraMtu dhyAnapUrvaka jotAM e humalAthI mulkane phAyadA paNa thayelA jaNAya che. prathama e ke paMcAsaranI sAlaka tAkata phanA thaI javAthI cAvaDA khAnadAnane peAtAnA bApadAdA taraphathI para parAe cAlI AvatI saltanatane kabajo meLavavAnA mAkko maLyA; ApaNe joIe chIe ke theADA ja divasa Ada vanarAja cAvaDAe eka majabUta saltanatanA pAyA nAkhyA. 1. gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa .

Page #113
hiMduonA samaya [ 101 AjI e ke dakSiNa gujarAtamAM je nAnAM nAnAM rAjyeA Thera Thera phelAi gayAM hatAM ane bharUca, nAMdoda, vaDedarA, navasArI vageremAM nAnA nAnA rAjAe rAjya karI rahyA hatA, temanI tAkata dhIme dhIme maMda thavA mAMDI, ane gheADA ja visAmAM e satanatA phanA thaI eka sayukta sattA sAthe joDAI gaI. te pachI lagabhaga 30 varasa paryaMta Araee gujarAta tarapha najara paNa na karI. khalIfA mansUra abbAsInA jamAnA ( hi. sa. 140mAM I. sa. 657)mAM hizAma jyAre sidhanA sUbA tarIke Avye tyAre teNe umara bina jamAlane gujarAta tarapha mekaklyA. umara jahAAnA eka kAleA laI khArakhuda (bharUca najIka) paheoMcyA ane ghaNuM karIne te vakhate tene vadhu phateha hAsila na thai, tethI turata ja te pAche! cAhyA thayA. e phakta paristhitithI vAkepha thavAne AvyA hAya e saMbhavita che. tyArapachI hizAma navI taiyArI karyAM bAda jahAjhIne eka kheLA lai (bharUca jillAnA )ga dhAra dare AvI pahoMcyA; jIta meLavI keTalAka divasa tyAM rahyo.. eka auddhone vihAra hatA tenI jagyAe teNe eka masIda badhAvI. alAjharInuM A asala lakhANuM cheH---- ...umara bina jamAla jahAe mAraphata bhALabhUta paheoMcyA... ane tyArapachI jahA lai gaMdhAramAM AvyA ane te upara jIta meLavI ane bauddhavihAra teADI masIda banAvI. ra "" gujarAnI hakUmata khatama thaI cUkI tyAranA e jamAnA hatA. rASTrakUTa khAnadAne temane mArI rAjapIpaLAmAM Azraya levAnI pharaja pADI hatI, dakSiNa gujarAtamAM cAlukaya khAnadAna paNu barabAda thai gayuM hatuM, temanI jagyAe dakSiNa gujarAtamAM rASTrakUTAnI hakUmata hatI. tidurgA (I. sa. 153) A samayane rAjA hatA ane uttara gujarAtamAM vanarAja cAvaDA (i. sa. 746 thI 806) e rAjyanAM maMDANa mAMDatyAM 1. billAjharI pR. 445-laDana

Page #114
102 gujarAtanA itihAsa hatAM. valabhIpuramAM zIlAditya 6ThTho ( i. sa. 760 ) mAjIda hatA. tyArapachI paNa zIlAditya sAtamAne (i. sa. 756) te ja valabhIpuramAM rAjya karatA ApaNe joie chIe. AthI ema to nakkI thai gayuM ke valabhIpurane A humalAthI kaI nukasAna pahoMcyuM nahi paraMtu kaMI nukasAna thayuM te rASTrakUTane thayuM. mAruM potAnuM mAnavuM che ke A humalA phakta cetavaNIrUpe hatA. e bharUcanA kAMThAnA vepArIonI phariyAdane laIne karavAmAM AvyA hatA, kAraNa ke navI hakUmate vepArIo sAthenuM lAMkhI mudatathI cAlI AveluM vana jArI rAkhyuM nahi hAya. gAMdhAramAM rahyA te vakhate hakUmata ane ame vacce kajiyAnA nikAla thai gayA tyAre tee pAchA cAlyA gayA te pachI lagabhaga vIsa varSa pa``ta araba vepArIone ahIMnI hakUmata sAthe kAipaNa phariyAdane samaya Avyo nahi. AthI arabastAna ane gujarAtanA sabadhA kAIpaNa rIte bagaDavAnA patto maLatA nathI. alabatta khalIphA mahadI abbAsInA jamAnAmAM abdula maleka (hi. sa. 159-4. sa. 775 ) pharIthI gujarAta upara humalA karavAnI taiyArI zarU karI. te samaye te eka mahAna dariyAi kAphalo laI ravAnA thayA ane hi. sa. 160 (i. sa. 776)mAM bhALabhUta pahoMcyA. "bhALabhUta" bharUcathI sAta mAIla upara pazcimamAM eka kAcuM baMdara hatuM, jyAM jahAjho samudranI bharatIoTa sAthe AvatAM jatAM hatAM. abdula maleka A baMdara upara kabajo karI keTalAka vakhata tyAM rahyo. ahIM lagabhaga aDhAra varSane aMtare eka meLA bharAyA karatA hatA. meAsamanI asara temaja leAkAnI Dane laIne sAdhAraNa rIte rAga phelAi jatA hatA. karmaxsa joge A vakhate paNa temaja banyuM. araba phejamAM e bImArI josabhara phelAi gai ane eka hajAra AdamI mAryA gayAM, ane tyAM ne tyAM ja temane daphana karavAmAM AvyA. AthI vahelI take teo tyAMthI pAchA gayA. 1. ibna khalkuna, pR. 359, bhA. 6, alhAbAda presa

Page #115
hiMduonA samaya [ 103 te vakhate gujarAtanA vAyavya khUNAmAM vanarAja cAvaDA rAjya karatA hatA ane dakSiNa gujarAtamAM rASTrakUTa khAnadAnanA kRSNa (ke gAviMda) (i. sa. 765 thI 795)nI hakUmata hatI. kRSNanA eka lekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke A khAnadAnanA leAkeAe baLavA karyAM hatA ane keTalAka zAhajhAdAe rAja meLavavAne kuTuMbakaleza zarU karyAM hatA tethI tyAM azAMti phelAI. A baLavA samAvI hakUmatanI lagAma kRSNane peAtAnA hAthamAM levI paDI. ghaNuM karIne A ja maLavA ane azAMtinA samaye araba vepArIo lUMTAyA temaja parezAna thayA ene badaleA levAne abdula malekane phAjha kAphalA laI AvavuM paDayuM. jemake thADuM upara vepArI ane aMgrejanI kAmanA saMrakSaNa mATe briTiza gavanamenTe cInamAM phAjI kAlA mAlavA paDayA jethI karIne ApasanA TaMTAmAM geramulkA leAkeAne kAMI nukasAna veThavuM na paDe. game tema hoya paNa ApaNe joIe chIe ke A humalAmAM paNa valabhIpuranA bilakula ullekha nathI. ara bharUca jillAmAM UtaryAM ane tyArapachI tyAMthI ja pAchA pharyA. keTalAka gujarAtI itihAsAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che (je aMgrejI itihAsAmAMthI nakala karavAmAM AvyuM che) ke arAe baLada" upara humalA karyAM ane bImArI phelAI javAthI pAchA cAlyA gayA. vaLI zaMkAne sthAna ApavAmAM Ave che ke kadAca e 'baLada" "alaba" paNa hAya je valabhIpuranuM arabI bhASAnuM rUpa che. paraMtu A temanI gerasamaja che. hakIkata e che ke asala jagyA jyAM humalA thayA hatA te "bhALabhUta" che, jenuM baLada' kayuM ane gujarAtI bhUlathI alakha'' samajyA. gujarAtI itihAsAmAM valabhIpura vize sikkA ane tAmralekhA uparathI je AkharI tArIkha batAvavAmAM Ave che te I. sa. 766 che. te pachI valabhIpura vize karjI paNa hakIkta maLatI nathI, 1. gujarAtaneA prAcIna itihAsa

Page #116
104] gujarAtane ItihAsa tethI loke tene pAyamAla thayeluM samajavA lAgyA. ane "ImpIriyala gejheTiyaramAM jaNAvavA AvyuM che ke valabhIpurane nAza 770 mAM thayo. eTale ke abdula malekano humalo A pAyamAlInI sAla pachI cha varase thayo. ene artha e thAya ke valabhIpurane e pahelAM nAza thayo hate. ane A arabono AkharI humalo hato. te pachI gujarAta upara ane eka humalo thayo nahate. mArA A khyAlathI vAMcakone eTaluM te mAlUma paDayuM haze ke arabAe haragIjha valabhIpura upara caDAI karI hatI ane tenI pAyamAlIne temanI sAthe nisbata nathI; eTale e khyAla te bilakula galata che. saMbhavita che ke bhaviSyamAM A bAbatamAM kAI pAkI sAbitI maLI jAya ane atyAre te A hakIkta mAnavAmAM koI paNa vAMdho nathI. huM ema kahevA nathI mAgato ke arabo ema kare e saMbhavita che; paraMtu kahevAnI matalaba e che ke Aja paryata sAbitI mATe koI pAkI dalIla maLI nathI. have asala savAla te bAkI ja rahyo ke ene nAza kevI rIte thaye haze. e eka vicAravA jevI bAbata che, jene kahe che ke jenI sAdhunA zApane lIdhe ema thayuM che; bauddha leke kahe che ke kAku nAmane vANiyo bauddhadhama hato teNe kaI paradezIne belAvI tene nAza karAvya; ane hIrAnI kAMsakI takarAranuM mULa hatI. e kAMsakI rAjAe mAMgI hatI, ane teNe te na ApI. bIrUnIne hakIkata maLI ke "ka" (nAma hatuM ane garIba hovAnA sababathI te raMka nAme oLakhAto hate.) vANiyAne sonAno AdamI maLyo hatuM jenAthI te ati dolatamaMda thaI gayo hato. rAjA ziva-mAgI hate te tenI dolata upara lebhAyo, ane te chInavI levAnI IcchA karI ane majUrAvALAo sAthe saMdhi karI rAtre humale karAvI 2. pR. 15-presa haidarAbAda-tArIkhe khUda kadIma.

Page #117
hiMduone samaya [ 105 tene nAza karAvyo. A pramANe hakIkata kahenAranI vAta eTale aMze judI paDe che tenA upara daSTibiMdu rAkhI pheMsale kare ItihAsakAra mATe jo ke behada muzkela che toya chatAM bahu ja gaMbhIrapaNe najara karatAM eka vAta to nakI patto maLI jAya che ke valabhIpurano aMta Apa ApasamAM dhArmika TaMTAthI AvyA. jeno ane bauddho vaccenI takarAra, bauddho ane vaiSNavo vacce jhagaDe, vaiSNavonI jene tarapha sUga A hakIkata jenenA ane anya pustakonA abhyAsathI mAlUma paDI Ave che. A evI agatyanI bAbata che ke temane vicArI zakAya ja nahi. ane ItihAsamAM tenA saMkhyAbaMdha dAkhalA 1 maLI Ave che. A pramANe ochIvattI pAyamAlI te mAhe mAMhenA kajiyA-kaMTAthI ja thaI haze. have je jaina sAdhunI vAta upara vicAra karavAmAM Ave. te mAluma paDe che ke kadAca bhUkaMpathI paNa eno nAza thayo hoya. paraMtu je "ka" nAmanA modIne kisso sAce gaNavAmAM Ave to pharIthI jevuM paDaze ke I. sa. 770 nI AsapAsa kaI kaI saltanata valabhInA vaMzanI samakAlIna hatI ane konI konI sAthe ene adAvata hatI. Araboe kyAre ane kayAM humalA karyA jemAM valabhIpurane kaMI ullekha nathI te meM cosa, alabatta, AdhAra sAthe jaNAvI dIdhuM che. pADozanI salatanata eTalI baLavAna thaI gaI hatI ke valabhIpura kAyama rahe e paNa Azcaryajanaka gaNAya. nIce valabhInA khAnadAna ane tenA pADozIonI eka rUparekhA huM ApuM chuM je jovAthI vAMcakane khabara paDaze ke valabhIpurano vinAza kevI rIte thayo haze : 1. bagadAdano vinAza paNa mAMhomAMhenA kajiyATAthI thayo hato.

Page #118
valabhInA rAjAo bhaTArka i. sa. 109 thI para0 dhruvasena pahelA para0 thI 135 guhasena 539 thI 569 dharasena bIjo 569 thI 589 zIlAditya pahelA 594 thI 6 07 kharagraha 610 thI 15 dharasena trIjo 615 thI 620 dhruvasena khIjo 620 thI 40 dharasena ceAthe 640 thI 649 dhruvasena trIjo 650 thI 656 kharagraha khIjo 656 thI 665 zIlAditya trIjo 667 thI 675 zIlAditya cothA 691 zIlAditya pAMcamA 722 zIlAditya chaThTho 760 zIlAditya sAtamA 766 thI 700 rASTrakUTa rAjAe gAviMda pahelA i. sa. 680 thI 700 ka pahelA 6 00 keMdra khIjo 730 3 khIjo 747 hiMdu 153 kRSNa 765 goviMda khIjo 780 795 dhruva gAvida trIjAM 803 thI 809 kalyANI sAlakI cAlukya vaMzanA kalyANI sAlakI rAjA bhuvaDa jenuM I. sa. 746 cAvaDA asala nAma vi thI 806 jayAditya hatuM ane khIjuM nAma jIva nAzraya hatuM. I. sa. 696 thI 746 paMta cAvaDA vanarAja janma I. sa. 196 mahera mIra rAjA parama bhaTAraka mahArAjA dhirAja I. sa. 738 106 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa

Page #119
hiMduone samaya [ 107 nakazA upara eka najara pheMkavAthI spaSTa mAluma paDI jAya che ke zIlAditya chaThThA ane sAtamAnA jamAnAmAM valabhIpura salatanata keTaleka aMze kamajora thaI gaI hatI ane khUba nAnA gherAvAmAM tenI hakUmata rahI hatI, kAraNa ke tamAma dakSiNa gujarAta upara rASTrakUTone kabajo hato. gujarAta uparanA IzAna khUNAmAM I. sa. 737 paryata (saurASTra ane kaccha sAthe) kalyANanA rAjAnI hakUmata hatI ane tyAra pachI I. sa. 738 mAM mahera rAjA parama bhaTArake mahArAjAdhirAja nAmane kAba dhAraNa karyo haze. ema jaNAya che ke parama bhaTArake saurASTranA eka moTA bhAgane phatteha karyA bAda e khitAba IkhtiyAra ryo hato. tyAra pachI lagabhaga I. sa. 740 ane 746 daramyAna vanarAje aNahIlavADanI mazahUra saltanatanI sthApanA karI ane I. sa. 806 paryata saltanata vistRta karavAmAM macyo rahyo. AthI I. sa. 770 paryata khAsa karIne be vRddhi pAmatI sattAo valabhIpuranI AsapAsa ApaNe joIe chIe; temAMno eka vanarAja cAvaDe che ane bIjI sattA rASTrakUTanI, jeo dakSiNamAMthI vijetA tarIke gujarAtamAM dAkhala thayA ane be gujarAtI salatanatonA dIvA bujhAvI nAkhyAH eka to navasArIne gujarAtI cAlukaya jeno AkharI rAjA pulakezI janAzraya uphe vijayarAja hata; bIjI bharUcanI satanata jeno AkharI rAjA jyabhaTTa hato. A baMne rAjya I. sa. 753 sudhImAM tArAja thaI gayAM hatAM. te pachI turata ja rASTrakUTa khAnadAnanA traNa mahAna mahArAjAone saltanatanI lagAma hAthamAM letAM huM jouM chuM. temane pahale kRSNa (I. sa. 765) jeNe tamAma AMtarika jhagaDA dabAvI saltanatanuM hareka rIte saraMkSaNa karyuM. tenA pachI goviMda bIje ane tenA pachI dhruva (I. sa. 780) hato. te ati bahAdura hato ane TheTha alahAbAda sudhI laData laDato nIkaLI gayo hato. have savAla e upasthita thAya che ke salatanata vistRta karato je zamsa alhAbAda paryata jAya che te

Page #120
108] gujarAtane itihAsa valabhIpuranI eka nAnIsUnI saltanatane nAza karavAmAM zo vicAra kare ? vaLI e ja samaye valabhIpuranI paDozamAM AvelA khaMbhAtanA rAjAne harAvI potAnI sattAnI jamAvaTa karI paNa hatI. mAruM dhAravuM che ke je kAkunA kissAmAM satya hoya to to e modIe A goviMdake dhruvane bolAvyo haze. e leke gujarAtI nahi paraMtu dakSiNI hatA, jemane lUMTamAranA kAraNathI gujarAtIo haMmezAM dhikkAre che. vaLI e paNa saMbhavita che ke humalA vakhate rASTrakUTI phejamAM araba paNa sipAI ke saradAra tarIke joDAyelA heya, kAraNa ke e vAta te nakkI ja che ke rASTrakUTanA rAjyakartAo siMdhI arabanA mitra hatA ane temanI phejomAM arabAnuM pramANa vadhAre hatuM. A kAraNathI temanI phajenI vyavasthA bilakula arabanA jevI ja hatI. ane kadAca e ja kAraNathI lekane e khyAla Avyo haze ke araboe tene pAyamAla karyuM hatuM. mi. edalajI [gujarAtano itihAsa eMgrejImAM) jaNAve che. ke zIlAditya sAtamAnA putra gaNe i. sa. 800 mAM bhIla loke pAsethI IDara chInavI laI saltanatanI sthApanA karI. te uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke valabhIpurane nAza AThamI sadInI AkharamAM thayo hate, kAraNa ke A vinAza pachI guha nAsI chUTI IDaranA pahADomAM Azraya levAne Avyo haze jyAM rahI teNe saltanatanI sthApanA karI hatI. mArA A khyAlane vaDodarAnA I. sa. 812 mAM lakhAyelA utkIrNa lekhathI protsAhana maLe che, je rASTrakUTa khAnadAnanA karka rAjAnA jamAnAne che; jemAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "thoDA ja samayamAM valabhIpuranA vaMze pitAnI purANa pratiSThA upara pANI pheravyuM." je bhAvanAthI A vAkya lakhavAmAM AvyuM che te uparathI sApha sApha mAlUma paDI jAya che ke rASTrakUTa khAnadAne asala 1. sapharanAmAe sulemAna basarI-presa pirisa. 2. bahudhA e prathama karka haze je gujarAtI rASTrane bIjo rAjA.

Page #121
hiMduAnA samaya [ 109 nAmanAne dhULadhANI karI nAkhI. e khAnadAna paradezI hatuM, gujarAtI nahatuM, ane AronuM lazkara paNa rAkhatuM hatuM. ane e ja samaye ahIlapATaNanA pAyA nAMkhavAmAM AvyA hatA ane vanarAjanI caDatI thatI jatI hatI. AthI keTalAka ema dhAre che ke vanarAje valabhIpurane nAza karyo ane tenA kATamAMthI aNuhIlapATaNa vasAvyuM. e paNa sabhavita che; paraMtu tamAma AdhAra ane purAvA upara dRSTi nAMkhatAM huM e abhiprAya upara AvuM chuM. ke rASTrakUTAe valabhIne pAyamAla karyu. : 3 : rASTrakUTaH--I. sa. 743 thI I. sa. 74, hiM. 126 thI hi. sa. 364 cAlukaya vazanA nAza thayA ane rASTrakUTa vaza sattA upara AvyA tenI hakUmata dakSiNathI uttara hiMda payaMta phelAyelI hatI. e khAnadAnanA ghaNA rAjA thai gayA, paraMtu kharI vAta e che ke teo dakSiNanA asala rahevAsI hatA ane sattA upara AvI gayA hatA. 1 temaNe `vaMzI hAvAnA dAvA karyo hateA. tenI hakUmatanA jamAnAnA ghaNA utkIlekheA maLyA che temAMnA eka ka rAjAnA nAmathI che, jeNe eka vidvAna vallabharAja nAmanA brAhmaNane nAgasArikA (navasArI) dAnamAM ApyuM hatuM. e brAhmaNa cauda vidyA jANatA hatA. eka bIjA lekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke bhadrasiddhi [khArasada] nA brAhmaNane kaiMka dAna ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. eka lekha bhRgukaccha [bharUca]nA che, jemAM nama dA nadInA kinAre snAna karatAM te dAna ApyuM che. bahudhA temanI rAjadhAnI vaDAdarA hatI. emanA dharmo vize paNa vadhu mAhitI maLatI nathI; paraMtu keTalAka khAtrIthI mAne che ke teo zivapaMthI hatA. 1. kadIma tArIkhe hiMda, pR. 651, haidarAbAda

Page #122
110 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa rASTrakuTa A vaMzane gujarAta sAthe sabaMdha lagabhaga savAbase varSo pata rahyo. A samayanA traNa vibhAga che: (1) I. sa. 743 (hi. sa. 126) thI I. sa. 808 (hi. sa. 193); e gALAmAM dakSiNI leAkeAnI hakUmata gujarAtamAM rahI. arthAt gujarAta eka bArUpamAM hatuM ane ahIM eka meA rAja karatA hatA, (2) i. sa. 808 (hi. sa. 193)thI i. sa. 888 (hi. sa. 275 ) pa``ta : e arasAmAM gujarAtI hakUmata dakSiNIethI alaga thaIne svataMtra thaI gaI. (3) i. sa. 888 (hi. sa. 275 ) thI i. sa. 974 ( hi. sa. 364) sudhI; e samaya daramiyAna pharIthI gujarAta dakSiNIene khaMDaNI bharatuM thai gayuM. A khAnadAnanI zarUAta ItivarmAthI thAya che. teNe cAlukayAne dabAvI vijetA tarIke Agamana zarU karyuM. ane Akhare eka mahAna kharadasta saltanata sthApI. tenA pahelAM keTalAka bIjA rAjAo paNa thaI gayA hatA : (1) mANAMka (mAnaka), (2) devarAja, (3) bhaviSya, (4) abhimanyu vagere; paraMtu ema jaNAya che ke teo mAmulI sattAvALA na nA rAjA hatA. krUtivamAM prathama baLavAna rAjA thayA hatA, tethI leAkA saltanatanI zarUAta e rAjAthI maNe che. purANA utsA lekheAmAMthI eka ka rAjAnA I. sa. 747 ( hi. sa. 130 ) te che. tenuM lakhANa valabhI samayanA jevuM che tethI ema jaNAya che ke zarUAtamAM e leAkA upara valabhI saMskRtinI asara hatI, vaLI 8 parama laTAraka tene IlkAba hatA te uparathI ema lAge che ke te svataMtra rAjA haiAvA joIe i. sa. 753 ( hi. sa. 136 ) mAM tidurga rAjA rAjya karatA hatA. te mahu bahAdura hatA. teNe tamAma dakSiNa gujarAta ane mALavA upara peAtAnA kabajo karI lIdheA hateA. paraMtu leAkeA tenAthI nArAja thaI 1. prAcIna itihAsa, prakaraNa--rASTrakUTa (gujarAtI) zd

Page #123
duAnA samaya [ 111 gayAM hatAM ane hareka jagyAe hullA phATI nIkaLyAM hatAM tethI tenA kAkA kRSNe tene takhta uparathI uThADI mUkI hakUmatanI lagAma peAtAnA hAthamAM lIdhI. tene samaya jIte temaja saltanatanI vyavasthAnI khUbI uparAMta bIjA eka kAraNathI pracalita thai gayA; eTale ke enA vakhatamAM kailAsanuM maMdira (I leArA ) eka khaDakamAMthI kAtarI kADhIne banAvavAmAM AvyuM. 2 I. sa. 770mAM tenA putra gAviMda takhtanazIna thayA, paraMtu I. sa. 779mAM tenA bhAI dhruve tenI pAsethI gAdI chInavI lIdhI. te khUba bahAdura hatA. teNe alhAbAda paryaMta pAtAnI phatehanA DA vagADayA. tenA pachI tene dIkarA gAviMda takhta upara AvyeA. vidhyAcaLathI TheTha mALavA paMta tenI hakUmata hatI. teNe sta MbhanA rAjA sAthe laDAI karI paraMtu te hAryAM. bahudhA 'staMbha'ne atha khabhAta che. kAvInA zilAlekha uparathI ema jaNAya che ke gurjara rAjAne teNe khUrI rIte harAbhyA. te pachI te dakSiNamAM ja rahyo ane peAtAnA bhAi iMdrane gujarAtane svataMtra rAjA peAtAnI hayAtImAM banAvyeA. gujarAtanA rASTrakUTo iMdra--I. sa. 808 thI I. sa. 812. vaDAdarAnA eka utkI lekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke gujara rAjAe tenA upara humalA karyA hatA; paraMtu te vijayI thayA nahi. ka pahelA I. sa. 812 thI 821. vaDAdarAnA tAmrapatra uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke gujararAjA gauDa" ane "vaga" nA rAjAone chatI magarUra thaI gayA hatA. teNe mALavA upara humale karyo. ka mALavAne madada ApI. ghaNuM karIne A gujara rAjA cAvaDA vaMzaneA yAgarAja hatA, kAraNa ke te paNa peAtAnI jItamAM te saravenI 2. tArIkhe hiMde kadIma--pR. 653, presa--haidrAbAda

Page #124
112 gujarAtanA itihAsa vRddhi karI rahyo hatA, ane aNahIlavADanA takhta upara tene kabajo hatA. gAvidai. sa. 827thI i. sa. 833. tenuM bIjuM nAma prabhUtava hatuM. eka lekha uparathI ema lAge che ke teNe bharUca jillAmAM eka gAma madirane dAnamAM ApyuM hatuM. dhruva pahelA--I. sa. 835 thI i. sa. 867 eka lekha uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke teNe kheArasadanA brAhmaNane dAna ApyuM hatuM. tenA vakhatamAM dakSiNI rASTrakUTAe humalA zarU karI dIdhA hatA, jethI sakhyAbaMdha prAMta svataMtra thaI gayA. I. sa. 910ne eka tAmralekha maLyA che jemAMthI ema jaNAya che ke vallabharAje ( amAdhava dakSiNIe ) thANAthI mAMDI khaMbhAta sudhI Aga ane talavArathI mulkane pAyamAla karyo. A ja laDAImAM dhruva dhAyala thaI maraNa pAmyA. akAlava--4. sa. 867. teNe vallabharAya viruddha potAnI sattA kAyama rAkhavAne kreAziza karI, paraMtu temAM te phAvye nahi. dhruva bIjo--i. sa. 867--gujarAtI rASTrakUTane te AkharI rAjA hato. teNe potAnuM thADuM ghaNuM baLa ajamAvyuM. pahelAM te mAheAMmAMhenA kajiyA TaMTAmAM te sapaDAyA, ane takhtanA keTalAeka dAvAdArAne meAtanA ghATa upara UtaravuM paDayuM. vallabharAya ane khuda tenA bhAInI yukti prayuktine laIne gujarAe tenA upara humalA ryAM. te pachI nAnA bhAI nA sAmaneA karavA paDayA. te zakyuM na hatuM eTalAmAM valabhI pachI baLavAna thayelA maherA sAthe tene laDavuM paDayuM. tenA bhAI gevide jyAre tene madada ApI tyAre ja teNe mahera leAkAne harAvyA. I. sa. 867nA lekha uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke teNe eka gAma dAnamAM ApyuM hatuM. A samaye tenuM rAjya mahI nadIthI bharUca sudhI hatuM; te paNa i. sa. 871mAM vallabharAye chInavI lIdhuM.

Page #125
hiMduonA samaya [ 113 akAlava kRSNa -i.sa. 558. eka lekhamAM ullekha karavAmAM AvyA che ke teNe keTalAMka gAma dAnamAM ApyAM hatAM. te uparathI ema lAge che ke suratane bhAga karyAM te eNe pAchA lIdhe athavA teA vallabharAyane tAme thai nAnA pradezathI satASa mAnye. tenA pachIthI mAnyakheTa (mAlakheLa)nA dakSiNI rASTrakuTAe tamAma dakSiNa gujarAtane kabajo lIdhA ane mULarAja solaMkInA jamAnA sudhI temanI hakUmata ahI kAyama rahI. gujarAtI rASTrakUTAnI hakUmata lagabhaga 70 varasa rahI hatI. <6 vallabharAya "--dakSiNI rASTrakUTa khAnadAnanA rAjAne A ilkAba che. temanuM asala pAyatakhta nAzika hatuM. je badalI teoe mAlakheLa rAkhyuM. mULa zabdano apabhraMza thaI te mAlakheLa thaI gayuM ane araba musApharIe vaLI tenuM arabIrUpa karI ' mAMgIra" banAvyuH te 17-10' uttara akSAMza ane 77deg-13' pUrva rekhAMza upara AveluM che. A jagyA hAlamAM nijhAmanA rAjyamAM AvelI che. A zahera vize AraemAMthI sauthI purANuM myAna " ibna nadIma "nuM ( hi. sa. 200, I. sa. 883) maLe che, jenA ullekha teNe peAtAnI kitAba " alarista '"mAM karyAM che. nadIma jaNAve che ke yahmA khakInA vakhatamAM ( hi. sa. 170 thI hi. sa. 190 ) i. sa. 78 6 thI i. sa. 805 sudhImAM eka pratinidhi maMDaLa dhArmika ane vAka-vaSayaka saMzodhana mATe hi MdustAna mAkalavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. teNe pAchA pharyA pachI eka ahevAla taiyAra karyAM hatA, jene sAra yAkUba bina IshAka kandIe lakhyA hatA; temAM A zahera vizenA paNu ullekha che ke A zahera te che jemAM vallabharAya rahe che; tenI laMbAI 40 rasakha ( sADA traNa mAIlanA eka pharasakha ) che. lAkaDAM ane IMTAthI te banAveluM che. ahIM hajArA ane lAkhA hAthI che. ahI eka meATuM maMdira che, temAM buddhanI 20000 mUrtio che, je seAnuM 1. tArIkhe hide kadIma--pR. 604 presa--haidrAbAda 8

Page #126
114 gujarAtanA itihAsa cAMdI, lAkhaMDa, pittaLa, hAthIdAMta ane hareka jAtanA kImatI paththarA ane javAhIrAnI che. temAM eka sAnAnI mUrti 12 hAtha UMcI che ane te sAnAnA takhta upara goThavavAmAM AvelI che. e takhta senAnI ghUmaTa AkAranI eka eraDImAM che, je sapheda mAtI ane cAla, lIlAM, pILAM, ane AsmAnI raMganAM javAhIrAteAthI maDheluM che. sAlamAM eka vakhata eka mukarara divase meLA bharAya che. rAjA khuda pagapALA tyAM jAya che ane Ave che. sAlamAM eka divasa A meLe! bharAya te pahelAM kurabAnI karavAmAM Ave che ane leAkeA peAtAnA jAnanI paNa kurabAnI Ape che. huM dhAruM chuM ke ghUmaTa-AkAranA eraDA upara sAnerI DhALa haze. jemake Aja paNa ApaNe brahmadezanAM buddha-madirAmAM joI e chIe. dUrathI jonArane mUti temaja makAna tamAma seAnAnuM dekhAya che. sAlanI sarakhAmaNI karatAM mAlUma paDe che ke A maMDaLa rASTrakUTanA navamA rAjA dhArAva ke dhruvanA jamAnAmAM AvyuM hatuM, jeNe I. sa. 795mAM dakSiNa gujarAta ane mALavAthI mAMDI bhinnamAla ane alhAbAda sudhInA pradeza jItI lIdhA hatA, uttara gujarAtamAM vanarAja cAvaDAnI hakUmata hatI ane tene AkharI samaya hateA. (1) ameAghava vallabharAya--I. sa. 815 thI i. sa. 877 ( hi. sa. 237thI hi. sa. 164 ). tenI hakUmatanA lAMbA samayamAM teNe mahAna chatA meLavI hatI. rAjyavyavasthAnI bAbatamAM paNa te peAtAnA jamAnAnA uttama rAjA hatA. tenA vakhatamAM sulemAna kharI (hi. sa. 237, I. sa. 851) vepAra ane musApharInA hetuthI hiMdamAM AvyA hatA. te tenA saranAmAmAM jaNAve che ke lekanu mAnavuM che ke atyAre sArI duniyAmAM arakhatAnanA pAdazAha ( musalamAtAnA khalIphe!) mahAna rAjyakartA che. tenA pachI cInanA pAdazAhanA naMbara Ave che. te pachI rezama ane ceAthe nabara vallabharAyo che. 485-presa misara 1 alaphehasti--ibne nadIba, pR.

Page #127
hiMduono samaya [115 ahIM sauthI moTo rAjA vallabharAya che. kahevAya che ke tenA phaLa vajIphAnI vyavasthA arabonA jevI che. ( araba amaladAroe tenI phijI vyavasthAmAM sudhAro karyo hato.) tenA sikkA paNa che ane te uparanI sAla rAjAnI takhtanazInIthI zarU thAya che. hiMdustAnanA tamAma rAjAomAM ahIMnA rAjAnI ane pratye mehabUta vadhAre che. temanuM mAnavuM che ke tethI ja temanA rAjAonI jiMdagI vadhu hoya che. teo pacAsa varSa paryata rAjya kare che. (e paNa jANavuM joIe ke amoghavarSe 62 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM. saMbhavita che ke e uparathI ja A musAphare A anumAna karyuM haze, temano pradeza ke kaNa che, (e salatanatanuM baMdara e vakhate thANuM hatuM, je kaMkaNamAM AveluM che.) je samudrakinAre AveluM che. AsapAsanA rAjAo sAthe enI laDAIo cAlu ja che. e pradezamAM saltanata vaMzaparaMparAthI cAlI AvelI che. temanAmAM paNa yuvarAja hovAno rivAja hoya che. te ja pramANe ahIM je eThA ke dhaMdhA hoya che te paNa vaMzaparaMparAthI cAlI AvelA hoya che. A pradezamAM tamAma rAjAe eka rAjAnA tAbAmAM nathI, paraMtu harekanuM rAja alaga che. paraMtu vallabharAya sarva rAjAomAM mahAna hato. ahIM vivAhathI pahelAM vara ane kanyAnA vAlIo kaheNa-sadezAthI kAma le che ane tyArapachI bheTa mokale che ane lagna prasaMge Dhola ane jhAMjha khUba vagADe che. bane teTaluM dAna Ape che. sArA hiMdustAnamAM vyabhicAra mATe baMnene motanI sajA hoya che. te ja pramANe cerInI sajA paNa matanI che. te mATene rivAja evo che ke corane aNiyALA zaMku AkAranA lAkaDA upara besADavAmAM Ave che, je nIcethI gaLA sudhI AvI rahe che. ahIM keTalAka lokonI dADhI traNa traNa hAtha jeTalI lAMbI meM joI che. (bahudhA e leke jegI haze.) kaI marI jAya che tyAre tenuM muMDana karavAmAM Ave che tyAre tene sAta divasa sudhI kherAka ApavAmAM Avato nathI. (ghaNuM karIne

Page #128
116] gujarAtane itihAsa khUnI sAthe AvuM vartana rAkhavAmAM AvatuM haze.) mukaddamAne pheMsale hiMdu nyAyAdhIzo Ape che. DAku mATenI sajA paNa matanI che. jAnavarane jhabaha [kApI] karIne khAtA nathI, paraMtu mArIne khAya che [ ghaNuM karIne Ane artha eka ghAthI garadana kApavAne haze, jemake kALikA mAtAne caDAvavAne kare che.] hiMduo baporanA khANuM pahelAM nahAya che ane dAtaNa karyA sivAya khAtA nathI. ahIM khajusnAM jhADa UgatAM nathI. ane eka evuM phaLa che je arabastAnamAM nathI thatuM-ghaNuM karIne e karI haze.] ahIM drAkSa paNa nathI thatI. dADama thAya che. leke jamIna upara kaMI bichAvatA nathI. temano preraka khA che. jAnavaramAM gheDA ochA che. tyArapachI tenA samayanA chevaTanA bhAgamAM [ hi. sa. 264- I. sa. 877 mAM ] abujhAyada hasana sarauphI Avyo hato ane hindane kinAre kinAre thaIne cIna cAlyuM gaye hato. te pitAnA sapharanAmAmAM jaNAve che ke hiMdustAna ane cInamAM punarjanma vize evI daDha mAnyatA che ke leke jAna arpaNa karavI e paNa mAmulI bAbata samaje che jemAM vallabharAya ane bIjA rAjAomAMnA koI kAI paNa evA paNa hoya che ke jANIbUjhIne pote AgamAM baLI mare che. rAjyAbhiSeka vakhate ahIM rAjInA rasoDAmAM bhAta rAMdhavAmAM Ave che ane traNaso cAraso mANaso pitAnI khuzIthI Ave che, rAjAnI sAme eka patarALI upara e bhAta rAkhavAmAM Ave che, rAja temAMthI jarA laI khAya che. tyArapachI akeka AdamI rAjA sAme jAya che. rAjA temane thoDo thoDo bhAta Ape che. sarve rAjAnA sAthIo hoya che (bahudhA e mANaso aMgarakSaka haze). rAjA marI jAya che tyAre e sarva te ja divase AgamAM paDI baLI mare che. ahIM varasAdanuM pramANa vadhAre che, ane te upara khetIne AdhAra che. ahIMne rAjA kAnamAM moTAM moTAM kImatI matIvALI sonAnI kaDI pahere che ane gaLAmAM mALA rAkhe che je mahA mUlyavAna matI

Page #129
hiMduonA samaya [ 117 ane jhaverAtanI taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che; ane e ja pramANe e yogyatA mujaba phAjanA sipAhasAlAra ane amaladAre paNa e ja AbhUSaNa pahere che. ahIMnA umarAva vanA leAkA AdamInI garadana upara besI savArI kare che (dhaNuM karIne kahevAne! bhAvA pAlakhI haze). tenA hAthamAM chattara heAya che, jemAM meAranAM pIchAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. ahIMnA leAkA sAthe maLI jamatA nathI ane ema karavuM ema gaNe che. amIrAmAM nALiyeranI kAcalImAMthI tAsaka jevuM vAsaNu banAvavAnA rivAja che te harekanI sAme mUkavAmAM Ave che ane temAM lokA alaga alaga khAya che. jamyA bAda te tAsakane chAMDaNu saha pheMkI devAmAM Ave che. ahIMnI rANIomAM sAmAnya rIte paDadAne rivAja nathI. rAjAnA darabAramAM je kAI jAya te temane vinA paDade joI zake che.1 e rAjA peAtAnI jiMdagInA chevaTanA bhAgamAM takhta uparathI peAtAnA hAtha uThAvI lai IzvarabhaktimAM lIna thayA, ane tene putra tenI jagyAe yAdI upara ANye. gujarAtanA IzAna khUNAmAM kSemarAja cAvaDAnI hakUmata hatI ane saurASTramAM mahera leAkA hatA. (2) akAlava kRSNa bIjo--I. sa. 880-914. dakSiNa gujarAtamAM kheDA sudhI tenI hakUmata hatI. ene vakhateAvakhata gujarA sAthe laDavuM paDayuM ane temAM moTe bhAge tene *teha maLI. tenA pitAe jaitAnA digabara paMthanI mahAna sevA karI hatI, jenuM pariNAma A samaye AvyuM; eTale ke bauddhonI hareka tarapha paDatI thavA mAMDI ane tyArapachI tee eTalA paDayA ke pharIthI peAtAne sabhALI na zakyA. A ja samaye bujhu bina zaheriyAra nAmanA eka IrAnI vepArI hiMdanA kinArA pAse thaIne pasAra thayA, teNe tenI kitAba ajAkhuila hinda" mAM ghaNI vigatA lakhI che temAM "mAMgIra" vize lakhe che ke vallabharAya rAjAnuM pAyatakhta mAMgIra" aDhaLaka dAlatane 1. tiAkhabula 'hiMda, pR0 167, presa-perisa

Page #130
118 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa laIne sAnAnuM zahera kahevAya che.1 gujarAmAM bhuvaDarAja cAvaDA tene samakAlIna hatA. (3) IMdra trIjo pRthvIvallabha--. sa. 914. e paNa eka bahAdura rAjA hatA. uttara hiMdamAM kaneAja pa``ta vijaya meLavatA paheAMcI gayA. khabhAtanA eka lekha uparathI ema jaNAya che. hi. sa. 303 (I. sa. 915 mAM) amulahasana alImasaudI gujarAtamAM AvyeA hateA. te lakhe che ke sidha ane hinA tamAma rAjAemAM rAjA vallabharAyanI jema kAI khIjA rAjamAM musalamAnanI ATalI AbarU sacavAtI na hatI. A rAjAnA samayamAM islAma surakSita ane Ababhera che ane tenA mulkamAM musalamAneAnI masjida ane jAme masjida baMdhAvavAmAM AvI che, je hareka rIte AbAda che. ahIMnA rAjA cALIsa cALIsa pacAsa pacAsa varasa rAjya kare che ane mAnavAmAM Ave che ke temanuM lAMkhu AyuSa temanA adala insAphanA natIjA-rUpe che. e paNa jANavuM Avazyaka che ke masaudI pahelAM e rAtnae evA thai gayA hatA ke jemaNe 62 ane 40 varasa rAjya karyuM hatuM. masaudIe ghaNuM karIne te uparathI ja A dheAraNa bAMdhyuM haze. vaLI ema paNa hoya ke leAkeAmAM A vAta te samaye pracalita haze. tyArapachI AgaLa cAlatAM te jaNAve che ke e vakhate khaMbhAtaneA rAjA, vallabharAyanA tAbAmAM hatA. te uparathI ema jaNAya che ke khaMbhAtanA rAjA pAsethI vallabharAye khaMbhAta chInavI lIdhuM hatuM ane gujarAtanA rAjA sAthe ghaNIvAra tene laDavuM paDyuM hatuM. e samaye gujarAtanA rAjA vairisiMha cAvaDA hatA ane hi. sa. 304 (I. sa. 916) mAM lAra (bharUca) jillAnA cImUra (sImUra) zaheramAM muMbaI najIka te dAkhala thayA. e vallabharAyanI saltanatamAM AveluM che. ahIMnA hAlane rAjA jAja nAmathI 1. aAIbula hi', pR. 137, presa 1 37 2. musaddI bhA. 1, pR0 382, 384, presa misara

Page #131
hiMduonA samaya [ 119 oLakhAya che. atyAre tyAM dasa hajAra musalamAnA vase che, jemAM khAsa hiMdI musalamAnA uparAMta, bagadAda ane sujAna badarathI temaja rAjA vallabharAyavALI khaMbhAta AgaLanA samudrathI suMdara lIlama bahAra basarAnA paNa che. mAMgIramAM AvelA jAya che. (4) A rAjA pachI ameAghava bIjo, tyArapachI (5) gAviMdarAja ane tenA pachI (6) ameAghava trIjo gAdIe AvyeA. temanA vizenI hakIkata maLatI nathI. cAvaDA vaMzanA temanA samakAlIna rAjAe ratnAditya ane sAmatasiMha hatA. temane valabhInA rAjA sAthe laDAI e cAlu rahetI hatI, jemAM kAika vakhate jItatA ane kAIka vakhate hAratA; paraMtu dakSiNa gujarAta upara kadI temane saMpUrNa kabajo thayA na hatA. mULarAjanA samayamAM e kAma pUruM thayuM. (7) kRSNe trIjo--I. sa. 945. eNe I. sa. 949 mAM caula khAnadAnane hAra ApI, tethI te madUra thayA. raNakSetramAM tenA dehAMta thayA hatA. I. sa. 951 ( hi. sa. 340) azru iAka ibrAhIma istakharI hiMda paheAMcyA. gujarAta vize te lakhe che ke khaMbhAtathI sImUra (cIsUra) paMta vallabharAyanAM zahera che. temAM hiMdu rAjA che. e zaheramAM ghaNuM karIne hiMduonI vastI che. ane musalamAne paNa rahe che ane te upara vallabharAya taraphathI tyAM musalamAna ja hAkema nImavAmAM Ave che. te zaherAmAM jAme masjido che, jemAM musalamAne jImAnI namAjha paDe che. ane vallabhanI rAjadhAnI jyAM te rahe che te mAMgIra che. ane tenI saltanata ghaNI vizALa che. 1 tyArapachI AgaLa cAlatAM te lakhe che ke kAmahula" "sanhAna" samUra (cemUra) ane khaMbhAtamAM musalamAneAnI jAme masjida che ane jAhera rIte islAmI hukamA adA kare che. A seAMdhu' ane vizALa pu. 173 presa misara 1. sanAmAM isukharI

Page #132
120 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa zahera che. ahIM nALiyera, keLAM, kerI vagere thAya che, DAMgaranI khetI vadhu pramANamAM che, ahIM madha bahu maLe che. paraMtu khajUra nathI. vaLI lakhe che ke kAmahalathI khaMbhAta sudhI medAna che, ane tyAMthI mAMDI cImUra sudhI lagAtAra gAme Ave che ane AgaLa cAlatAM hiMdustAnanI vastI zarU thAya che. musalamAna ane hiMduonA eka ja jAtanA libAsa che. vALa paNa eka ja rIte rAkhe che. ati garamInA kAraNathI teo lUMgI ane paheraNa pahere che. A pachI teNe zahera vaccenu aMtara lakhyuM che. OM kAmahalathI khaMbhAta sudhI 4 marahalA ( 12 kAsa ke tethI vadhu) che, ane samudrathI eka phurasama (arakhI traNa mAila) che. ane khaMbhAtathI sApArA 4 marahalA che. ane te paNa samudrathI ardho pharasama (arakhI traNa mAIla) che. ane seApArAthI sajAna 5 marahalA che, te paNa samudrathI ardhA pharasakha upara che. ane saMjAnathI cIsUra pa marahalA ane cImUrathI sarAndIpa (laMkA) 15 marahalA che. teneA samakAlIna rAjA mULarAja solaMkI hatA. cAvaDA khAnadAnanA hAthamAMthI saltanata jatI rahI hatI ane mULarAja sAmrAjyanA vistAramAM mazagUla hatA. te pachI (8) kheAgi rAjA thayA, paraMtu tenA ivazenI ka MipaNa hakIkata jANavAmAM AvI nathI. A vaMzanA AkharI rAjA (9) kyuM ke ` che. ( I. sa. 973 ) ibna hAkala bagadAdI hi. sa. 360 (I. sa. 977 ) mAM ahI` AvyA hatA. te potAnA sapharanAmAmAM jaNAve che ke khaMbhAtathI cImUra sudhI rAjA vallabharAyanI hakUmata che. tyAM mATI vastI hiMduonI che, paraMtu musalamAne paNa rahe che. ane musalamAne upara musalamAnAnI hakUmata che. eTale ke rAjA taraphathI temane mATe musalamAna hAkema mukarara karavAmAM Ave che. vallabharAyanA mulkamAM masjido che, jemAM jImAnI namAjha adA karavAmAM Ave che ane te ja pramANe isakharI 1. saranAmAM 2. .. pR0 176 170 ,,

Page #133
hiMduonA samaya [ 121 jI namAjha paNa paDhAya che ane ajhAna (namAjhanA vakhata nahera karavAnI khAMga) paNa moTA sAthI pokAravAmAM Ave che. A samaye rASTrakUTA ane moTA rAjAe kamajora thai gayA hatA ane dakSiNamAM cAlukaya vaMza utkRSTatAnA zikhara uparapharIthI AvyA hatA. temanA madUra rAjA tailapa khIjAe rASTrakUTA pAsethI saltanata lai lIdhI. dakSiNa gujarAta paNa pUrepUrA tenA kabajAmAM rahyo, je Akhare aNahIlavADanA solaMkI rAjA mULarAje temane harAvI chInavI lIdheA. rASTrakUTonI rAjanIti zarUAtamAM rASTrakTavALAe arA tarapha bedarakArI batAvI, eTaluMja nahi paraMtu keTalIka vakhata temane mAlamilakatamAM paNa turkasAna paheAMcADavuM, jene javAkha ae peAtAnA dariyAi kAphalA mAraphata vakhateAvakhata ApyA. te dariyAi laDAine laine rASTraphUTAne je nukasAna veThavu paDayu te uparathI temanI AMkha khUlI gaI ane tee samajyA ke e leAkA sAme nakAmI laDAi vaheAravAmAM kaMi phAyado nathI. tethI te pachI temanI nIti badalAI gai ane hareka mAmalAmAM ame sAthe insAphathI kAma levAmAM AvyuM. pariNAma e AvyuM ke sindhanI araba saltanata ane rASTrakUTAnuM mitra rAjye thayAM. ame pAsethI vepArI phAyadA uparAMta pheAjI madada paNa temane maLatI rahetI hatI. arakhA sAthe maitrI saMbadha bAMdhavAmAM temane eka mahAna phAyado e thayeA ke cAvaDA khAnadAnanI eka sarahada siMdhane ane khIjI rASTrakUTAnA pradezane maLatI hatI. te leAkA arane peAtAnA mitra banAvI zakayA nahi, tethI te ha MmezAM ja e duzmanA vacce rahyA H eka tarapha si MdhanA arame ane khIjI bAju rASTrakUTA. ane A leAkeA arakhe taraphathI kaMI paNa ciMtA sivAya zAMtithI cAvaDA upara humalA karatA ane tethI ja cAvaDA vaMzamAM 1. saranAmA-Ibna hAkala pR0 233-aIDana

Page #134
122] gujarAtane itihAsa vanarAja, yogarAja ane kSemarAja heziyAra ane baLavAna hovA chatAM kaI rAjA dakSiNa gujarAta upara kadI pitAnA kabajAnI jamAvaTa karI zakyo nahi. A ja kAraNathI pATaNanI gujara saltanata hamezAM araba musalamAnI duzmana rahI, je vize tamAma araba musApharee ekamate pitAnAM sapharanAmAMomAM khyAna karyuM che. cAvaDA vaMza I. sa. 66 thI i. sa. 95ra (hi. sa. 77-hi. sa. 331) itihAso uparathI mAluma paDe che, ke gujarAtamAM kadI kadI ekI vakhate saMkhyAbaMdha rAjAonI hakUmata rahetI hatI, eTale ke saMkhyAbaMdha khAnadAnAe gujarAtanA judA judA hissA upara kabaje jamAvyo hato. teo rAjA kahevAtA hatA, paraMtu teonI asala sattA AjakAlanA gavarnarenA jevI hatI. teo gujarAta temaja tenI bahAranA baLavAna mahArAjAonA tAbAmAM rahetA hatA. jyAre A mahArAjAo kamajora thaI jatA tyAre zaktizALI gavarnara rAjAo khudamukhtiyAra thaI jatA ane dhIme dhIme bIjA mulka pitAnA tAbAmAM lAvatA hatA, eTale sudhI ke mahArAjAnI rAjadhAnIno kabajo laI athavA te tene potAnA hAtha nIce rAkhI zreSThatAnA zikhara upara pahoMcatA ane khuda mahArAjA thaI jatA; eTale ItihAsakAre hareka khAnadAnanI khudamukhiyArInI zarUAtathI je samaya sudhI rAja padabhraSTa na thAya ane takhta tenA khAnadAnamAMthI chaTakI na jAya tyAMsudhInI mudata gaNe che. A mATe kharo dRSTAMta taghalakha khAnadAnane che. AkharI pAdazAha mahamUda taghalakha hato, je dilhIno zahenazAha kahevAto hato; paraMtu A zahenazAhata hevA chatAM hiMdustAnamAM judI judI ApakhudI saltanate mojuda hatI. bIjo dAkhalo melenA AkharI jamAnAnI zahenazAhata che. tenuM astitva hovA chatAM paNa pUnA, haidarAbAda, masUra, paMjAba

Page #135
hiMduonA samaya [ 123 vagerenI saMkhyAbaMdha baLavAna saltanatA pedA thai gai hatI. A ja sthiti rASTrakUTa, cAvaDA ane vAdhelA khAnadAneAnI hatI. isvI sAtamI sadInI AkharamAM cAvaDA khAnadAnane pAye racAye. te samaye gujarAta ane saurASTramAM khInnA saMkhyAbaMdha rAjyA hatAM. cavaDA ke cAvaDAnI rAjadhAnI paMcAsara hatI. A paMcAsara jhAlAvADanI uttare ane kacchanA nAnA raNanI joDe rAdhanapura najIka AveluM hatuM. tee sUvaMzI ke caMdravaMzI na hatA, paraMtu pazcima hiMda eTale ke siMdhu nadInI pAse temanuM asala vatana hatuM, tyAMthI te dIva pATaNamAM AvyA ane tyArapachI paMcAsaramAM. ema dhAravAmAM Ave che ke teo sidhI gujarA hatA. keTalAka gujarAtI itihAsa uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te dIvapATaNanAM dariyAi sthaLA upara lUMTaphATa karatA hatA.1 ane tethI ja ema dhAravAmAM Ave cheke zarUAtamAM temanI saltanata paMcAsaranI AsapAsa sudhI ja maryAdita hatI. paraMtu A vAtamAM satyatAnA abhAva che. arvAcIna saMzodhanathI keTalAka evA purAvA maLyA che ke jenAthI sAbita thAya che ke seAmanAthathI mAMDI pacAsara sudhI temanI saltanata hatI. jema jema gujarAtanI saltanatA kamajora thatI gai tema tema A khAnadAnanI tAkata vadhatI gai. alabata, A vaMzamAM saMkhyAbaMdha rAjAo thaI gayA, paraMtu Aja paryaMta temanAM nAme jANavAmAM AvyAM nathI. A vaMzane prathama rAjA "jasarAja" ke jayazikharI hatA ema jaNAya che. surapALa tene mazara sipAhasAlAra hatA. tenA samayamAM zaMkara nAmane madUra kavi thai gayA che. A kavie eka vakhata kalyANI nagaramAM jai seAlaMkI vaMzanA rAjA bhuvaDanA darabAramAM gujarAtanA mulka ane rAjA jasarAjanI bahu ja tArIpha karI. rAjAe 1. keTalAka itihAseAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke dIvapATaNamAM valabhInA rAjAonA hAtha nIce tee hAkemeA hatA, jyAre caDAI karanArAee valabhIpurane sattAhIna karI nAkhyuM tyAre e leAkAe paMcAsaranA khurdamukhtiyArI kabajo lIdhe.

Page #136
124 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa peAtAnA vajIrane pUchyuM ke e rAjA mArA darabAramAM zA mATe nathI AvatA ? vajIre javAba ApyA ke e mulka ApanA tAbAmAM nathI. e sAMbhaLI rAjAe mihira nAmanA peAtAnA eka saradArane e mulka jItI pAchA AvavAnA hukama karyo. jyazikharIne jyAre A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre teNe peAtAnA saradAra surapALane eka lazkara ApI sAmanA karavA mATe ravAnA karyAM. kalyANInI phAja AgaLa vadhI rahI hatI. temAM savAra ane hAthInuM pramANa vadhAre hatuM. temAM 4000 jaMgI ratha hatA ane laDavaiyAne te zumAra ja na hatA. lUMTaphATa karatuM lazkara paoNMcAsarathI cha mAline cheTe AvI pahoMcyuM. tyAMthI AkhA mulaka lUMTavAnuM tathA bairAM chokarAMne keda karavAnuM zarU karyuM. A hakIkata sAMbhaLI kalyANInA saradAra upara rAjAe patra pAThavyA ke garIba upara jIma gujAravA e manuSyanuM lakSaNa nathI. tuM te kUtarA jevA che, kAraNa ke jema kUtarA upara paththara pheke te te paththarane karaDavA doDI jAya che." saradAre javAbamAM kahAvyuM ke "tuM mAMmAM taNakhaluM lai zaraNe thA." jayazikharIneA saradAra surapALa e daramiyAna cunaMdA cAddAonI eka TukaDI lai bahAra AvyA ane rAtrine samaye jyAre kalyANInI phAja nAcaragamAM, khAvA pIvAmAM ane sUvAmAM mazagUla hatI tyAre surapALe ekAeka humalA karyAM ane pheAjane cIbhaDAnI jema kApI nAkhI. AvI rIte surapALe mihirane hAra ApI. bhuvaDe jyAre A vAta sAMbhaLI tyAre te ati becena banyA ane UMcA nIceA thayA, ane khuda te eka mahAna lazkara laI gujarAta upara caDI AvyA ane pAMca mAsa paryaMta paMcAsaraneA gherA cAlu rAkhyA, jasarAje joyuM ke dinapratidina gherA sakhata thatA jAya che. ane yuddhamAM kaThinatAmAM vRddhi thAya che, AthI sipAIone sApha sApha kahI dIdhuM ke jene jAna vahAlI che teNe nIkaLI javuM. paraMtu vaphAdAra pheje jIvavA karatAM AbarUdAra meAtanI pasaMdagI karI ane bahAdurIthI

Page #137
hiMduono samaya [ 125 mukAbalo karavA mAMDayo. kalyANanA rAjAne jyAre mAluma paDayuM ke bAvana divasa pasAra thayA chatAM phateha maLatI nathI tyAre teNe surapALane eka patra kaMI vastunA arkathI lakhI mokalyo je teNe kesara chAMTI vAM, paraMtu surapALe dagophaTake ramavAno sAphasApha InkAra karI dIdho ane sAmano barAbara jArI rAkhe. kalyANanI phaje paNa pUrajozathI phateha hAsila karavAne musammama IrAdo karI lIdho hatA ane ghere e sakhta karI dIdho ke jasarAjane pitAnI hAra thaze ema cokkasa khAtrI thaI gaI. A joI jasarAje surapALane enI bahena eTale jasarAjanI rANI rUpasuMdarIne laI jaMgalamAM koI nirbhaya jagyA upara mUkI AvavAne kahyuM, tethI surapALa tene laI nIkaLyo. rAtre jasarAjanI phAjamAM mahAbhArata vize upadeza karavAmAM Avyo, jethI zUravIrenuM khUna UkaLavA mAMDyuM. bIje divase rAjA jasarAja khuda bahAdurIthI laDyo, baMne bAjUnAM hajAre mANasonuM lehI reDAyuM, paraMtu Akhare bAvana dina pachI jasarAja mAryo gayo ane kalyANIne rAjA phatehamaMda thayo. vijayI rAjA jyAre mahelamAM pahoMcyo tyAre zastrasajaja strIoe e jorAvara humale karyo ke majabUrIthI tene mahelamAMthI pAchA vaLavuM paDayuM. A daramiyAna strIoe citA taiyAra karAvI lIdhI ane tamAma strIo potapotAnA dhaNanI lAza bhegI baLIne khAka thaI gaI rAjA bhuvaDe paNa udAratA batAvI rAjA jasarAjanI lAzane laI dhArmika rIte aMtima kriyA karAvI. saurASTra ane kacchanA rAjAe zaraNe thayA. rAjA pote ja e mulkamAM rahI baMdobasta karavAnI icchA rAkhato hato, paraMtu vacharo temaja umarA surapALathI eTalA gabharAtA hatA ke koIpaNa rIte ahIM rahevAnI tene salAha na ApI. AthI kalyANane rAjA pAcho cAlyo, gaye. ahIM teNe eka sUbedAranI nimaNUka karI, je hara sAla ahIMthI gujarAtanI khaMDaNI moklato raheto. 1. ratnamALA

Page #138
126 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa vanarAja cAvaDa-I. sa. 746thI I. sa. 806 . (hi. sa. 129thI hi. sa. 131) - jasarAjanI rANI eTale ke surapALanI bahena rUpasuMdarI garbha vatI hatI. tene jaMgalamAM mUkI AvavA mATe surapALa laI gayo hatA. teNe tene jaMgalamAM eka bhIlane soMpI hatI, jenI strI tenI khidamata karatI hatI. jyAre bahenane mUkI surapALa paMcAsara pahoMcyA tyAre tene khabara maLI ke jasarAja maraNa pAmyo che. teNe azAMti phelAvavAne mukamAM lUMTamAra zarU karI dIdhI. te ja divasomAM I. sa. 696 (hi. sa. 77)mAM tene khabara paDI ke bahene putrano janma Apyo che tyAre tenA AnaMdane pAra na hato. chokare cha varSanI vayane thaye tyAre zIlaguNasUri nAmanA eka jaina sAdhue tene tAlIma ApavAnI jussedArI potAne mastaka rAkhI. surapALa paNa tyAM pahoMcI gayo ane sAthe rahevA lAgyo. A chokarAno janma vanamAM thayo hato tethI tenuM nAma "vanarAja" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. vanarAja jyAre cauda varasano thayo tyAre teNe paNa mAmA sAthe lUMTaphATamAM bhAga levA mAMDe. surapALanA avasAna bAda vanarAje pote ja mulkamAM lUMTaphATanuM kAma jArI rAkhyuM. rAjA bhuvaDe gujarAtanI Upaja pitAnI putrI mInaLadevIne ApI dIdhI hatI. teNe potAnA salAhakAranI salAhathI eka cAvaDA saradArane bhAlAdAra tarIke nImyo, jethI karI tenA hAtha nIcenA sipAIo mAraphata hareka cIjanuM sArI rIte rakSaNa thAya. kalyANInA mANaso A mulakamAM cha mahinA rahyA ane temaNe hareka jAtane mAla ane khajAne jamA karyo. te pachI sarva vastu sameTI laIne kalyANa tarapha ravAnA thayA. A khajAne kalyANI jato hato tyAre vanarAjane khabara paDI ke teNe te lUMTI lIdhe. pariNAme te dolatamaMda temaja jhabaradasta thaI gayo. raMka sthitimAM tenI madada karanAre eka cAMpA nAmane vANiye hato. te makkA para tene madada

Page #139
hiMduone samaya [ 127 karatA temaja salAha Apata. 1 have vanarAje tene vachara banAvyo. Aste Aste vanarAjanI unnati thavA mAMDI. dolatane laIne lazkaramAM bharatI AsAnIthI thaI. thoDA ja samayamAM eNe tamAma agatyanAM sthaLo kabaje karI gujarAta upara hakUmata karavA mAMDI. have tene mAlUma paDayuM ke rAjadhAnI kaI evI jagyAe karavI joie je taMdurasta AbohavA uparAMta rAjakIya bAbate mATe paNa phAyadAkAraka hoya. AvI jagyA mATe aNahIla nAmanA bharavADe patto Apo. tyAMnI taMdurasta AbehavAnI dalIla mATe teNe jaNAvyuM ke eka kUtarAe ahIM sasalo pakaDayo; sasalAe suMdara bahAdurI vAparI pitAno jIva bacAvyo. TUMkamAM e jagyA pasaMda karavAmAM AvI ane te bharavADanA nAma uparathI tenuM nAma "aNahIlavADa"pADI te jagyAe pAyatakhtane pAyo nAMkhyo. A ja samaye I. sa. 715 (hi. sa. 107) mAM jAnada nAmanA siMdhanA hAkeme gujarAta upara caDAI karI ane mAravADa, mAMDala, dhiNoja, bharUca vagere upara jIta meLavI lUMTano mAla laI pAcho cAlyo gayo; paraMtu siMdhamAM mAMhomAMhenI takarArane laI ahIMnI buddhipUrvaka vyavasthA na thaI. A azAMti ane muzkelIno lAbha 1. huM dhAruM chuM ke A vANiyo tene vizvAsu mANasa hato. tenI mAraphata mAlane patto meLavI te lUMTaphATa karate haze, ane tenI ja mAraphata te vecato haze. 2. Aine akabarI ane mirAte ahamadImAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke ravADe evI zarata karI hatI ke je mArA nAma uparathI rAjadhAnI vasAvavAmAM Ave to ja jagyAne patto ApuM; ane tethI tenI e zarata kabUla karavAmAM AvI. pachI e jagyA batAvI je eka gADha jaMgalamAM sarasvatI nadInA samRddha pradezamAM dakSiNa bAjanA kAMThAnI najIkamAM UMcA sapATa sthAnamAM AvI hatI. huM dhAruM chuM ke e bharavADa tenA sAthIomAM hato ane bharavADa hovAnA sababathI te e jagalanA khUNekhUNAthI vAkepha hato. AvI rIte vanarAje potAnA baMne sAthIonA nAma uparathI be zahera vasAvyAM eka aNahIlavADa ane bIjuM cAMpAnera.

Page #140
128] gujarAtano ItihAsa laI vanarAje potAnI koziza zarU karI dIdhI. (balAjharI-siMdhanI phatehanA ullekhamAM). huM dhAruM chuM ke ghaNuM karIne A ja humalAthI rAjA bhuvaDanI gujarAtanI saltanata eTalI kamajora thai gaI ke vanarAje sAdhAraNa zizathI saltanata kAyama karI dIdhI. AthI zarUAtamAM tenuM nAma "aNahIlavADa" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. vakhata jatAM rUDha thatAM (naharavALa) thaI gayuM. muslima vijetAonI bhASAe te nAmamAM pheraphAra karyo ane te "naharavAlA" thayuM. ane AlIzAna ane dabadabAvALuM zahera te jamAnAmAM "paTTaNa" kahevAtuM hatuM tethI A zahera paNa AbAda ane renakadAra thaI gayeluM hovAthI "paTTaNa-pATaNa" kahevAvA lAgyuM ane Aja paryata hiMduo tene A ja "pATaNa" nAmathI oLakhe che. vanarAje vikrama saMvata 802 (I. sa. 7461 ane hi. sa, 129)nA vaizAza suda trIja (akhAtrIja)nA dine tiSIonA kahevA mujaba mAMgalika samaya 22 ghaDI, 45 paLe sUryAsta pachI rAjadhAnInI sthApanA karI hatI. te vakhate pahelA bhAvamAM siMha, bIjA bhAvamAM kanyA, trIjAmAM tulA, cothAmAM vRzcika ane ketu, pAMcamAmAM dhana, chaThThAmAM makara, sAtamAmAM kuMbha, AThamAmAM mIna ane zukra, navamAmAM meSa budha ane ravi, dazamAmAM vRSabha caMdra zani maMgaLa ane rAhune saMgama, agiyAramAmAM mithuna ane bAramAmAM karka hatAM. khagoLavettAe kahyuM hatuM ke be hajAra pAMcaso sAta (2507) varasa, sAta mAsa, ane nava dina pasAra thatAM A zahera 1. AIne akabarImAM I. sa. 775 (hi. sa. 154)che ane mirAte ahamadImAM lekhake I. sa721 (hi. sa. 103) ApI che. ane eka bIjI sAla 866 (hi. sa. 202) che. paNa badhI bina pAyAdAra che. paraMtu je IsavI sana sAcI hoya to je tArIkha upara jaNAvavAmAM AvI che te barAbara che. (mukhasaddavala, presa, bIrUta)

Page #141
hiMduono samaya [ 129 virAna thaI jaze.1 te ja sAla eTale ke I. sa. 746 (hi. sa. 129)mAM te takhtanazIna thayo ane keTalAka divasa pachI cAMpA nAmanA tenA vachare eka kilo vasavATa sahita pAvAgaDha najIka taiyAra karAvyo, te hAlamAM cAMpAnera (caMpAnagara) kahevAya che. ghaNuM karIne sarahada uparane chevaTane kille e che, je saMrakSaNa mATe bAMvavAmAM Avyo hato. vanarAje vacharanI madadathI cAlAkIthI rAjya calAvyuM ane mulkamAM zAMti sthApavAmAM tathA tene AbAda karavAmAM baMnee tadabIrathI kAma lIdhuM. teNe ghaNI jagyAe maMdira baMdhAvyAM. bahudhA pote to bhaNelo na hatuM temaja keI khAsa dharmamAM paNa pAke na hato, paraMtu brAhmaNa tarapha ghaNI mAnanI draSTithI joto hato. teNe potAnAM bALabaccAMne keLavaNI ApavAmAM kacAsa rAkhI na hatI. tenI yita tene bahu cAhatI hatI. ane e ja kAraNathI (pATaNamAM AvelA) pArasanAthanA maMdiramAM yAdagIrI mATe tenuM bAvaluM paNa rAkhavAmAM AveluM, je Aja paryata mojuda che. vanarAja bahu ja bahAdura hatuM. teNe phakta ApabaLe pitAnI gumAvelI saltanata pharIthI hAsila karI hatI. A samaya sudhI tenI mA rUpasuMdarI hayAta hatI ane zIlaguNasUrinI dekharekha nIce jIvana gujArI rahI hatI. teNe tene "naharavAlA"mAM bolAvI lIdhI. sUri paNa sAthe ja hato. teNe eka moTuM derAsara baMdhAvyuM jenuM nAma "paMcAsarA pArasanAthanuM derAsara rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. 60 varasa paryata rAjya karI ekaso dasa varSanI vaye teNe dehatyAga karyo, I. 1. Aine akabarI bhA. 2 che. navalakizora. paraMtu aphasosanI vAta che ke A bhaviSyavANI kheTI paDI, kAraNa ke A hisAbe to e I. sa. 3252 (hi, sa- 2010)mAM e verAna thavuM joIe. kharI vAta to e che ke je zaherane pAye vanarAje nAkhyo hato te te ghaNuM samaya upara verAna thaI gayuM hatuM. arvAcIna "pATaNa" asala "paTTaNa" pUruM thaI jAya che te pachI eka pharlAga jeTale pazcimamAM zarU thAya che. vanarAjanA vakhatanI eke ImArata tyAM mejuda nathI, balake khalajInA jamAnA nI ImAratamAMthI paNa kei rahI nathI,

Page #142
130 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa sa. 806 ( hi. sa. 191).1 tenA jIvananA chevaTanA bhAgamAM 4. sa. 805 (hi. saM. 190)nI AsapAsa khalIphA hArUna razIdanA vajIra yahmA kha`kIe eka maMDaLa hindu dharma vizenI mAhitI meLavavA mATe mekahyuM. te keTalAka si mAnakheLamAM rahyuM pachI pAchA jaIne eka ahevAla vajIra AgaLa peza karyAM. Ibna nadIme peAtAnI kitAbamAM tene sArAMza ApyA che. A vizenuM vigatavAra byAna upara AvI gayuM che. yogarAja cAvaDAH-4 sa. 806-2842 (hi. sa. 191228) vanarAjanA avasAna pachI tenA putra yAgarAja takhtanazIna thayo.2 te paNa tenA bApanA jevA bahAdura ane parAkramI hatA. teNe tenI saltanatanI sImAmAM vRddhi karI. e vidvAna hatA. khAsa karIne laDAyaka zastronA upayAgamAM mAhera hatA. tIraandAjhImAM te| te ekko hatA. sahIsalAmatI ane zAMti sthApavAmAM teNe bahu jahemata uThAvI hatI. tenA jIvanamAMnA eka mazahUra banAve evA che ke tenA putra kSemarAje tene kahyuM ke eka videzI jahAjha (bahudhA arakhAnuM hatuM ) seAmanAtha paMdara upara AvyuM che; huM tene lUTI lauM? ceAgarAje kaDaka rIte manAi karI. paraMtu navajavAna zAhajAdAe tenuM kahevuM gaNukAyuM nahi. Akhare sAmanAtha jai teNe tamAma mAla lUMTI lIdhe!, jyAra rAjAne e bAbatanI khabara paDI tyAre rAjAe tene pakaDI kaida karyAM, ane vepArIone lUTane aveja ApyA. tamane khabara haze ke hiMdamAM umadA gheADAnA abhAva hatA, jemake sulemAna khasarI I.sa. 851 ( hi.sa. 237) mAM 1. ratnamALAmAMthI sAra. amulakkSane kadAca gujarAtanA itihAsa maLyA na hoya. Aine akabarImAM jasarAja vize ghaNI vakhata peAtAnuM lakhANa AdhAra vinA lakhyu che. 2. Aine akabarImAM tenuM nAma jogarAja che. ane hiMdImAM "ja" ane "ca" arasa parasa badalAya che; jemake yAdava" ane "jAdava".

Page #143
hiMduonA samaya [ 131 66 potAnA sapharanAmAmAM sattAvanamA pAnA upara lakhe che ke " jAnavarAmAM dheDAnI bahu kamI che. '' vassApha ( hi.sa. 728 ) ane razIduddIna (hi. sa. 718) pAtapeAtAnI kitAbemAM jaNAve che ke "ane mAkhara (madrAsa) mAM sArA gheADA nathI tethI aMdaroaMdara evI gAThavaNa hatI ke jamAluddIna ibrAhIma (rAjAneA musalamAna dIvAna ) 1400 (cauda se| ) araba gheADA lAvyA kare. varasamAM 10000 (dasa hajAra) gheADA IrAnI akhAtanAM khInna khaMdA jevAM ke tIpha, alahesA, bahusaina, huramujha vagerethI AvatA hatA. (ghaNuM karIne te IrAkI ane arakhI haze.) ane hareka dhADAnI kImata 220 ( basA vIsa) sAnAnA sikkA haze. e kAlakarAra hi. sa. 692 ne che. mArkApAlA je samakAlIna musAphara hatA teNe paNa gujarAtanAM baMdarA vize ullekha karyo che ke ahIMnA ghaNAkharA vatanI cAMciyA che. lUTanA mAlamAM gheADA jovAmAM Ave che te rAjA lai le che ane bAkIno mAla mAMheAmAMhe vaheMcI le che." (A banAvA alAuddIna khalajInI gujarAtanI jIta pahelAMnA samayanA che.) vaLI e paNa bhUlavuM na joIe ke zihAjIddIne pRthvIrAja upara humalA karyAM. tenAM kAraNeA paikImAMnuM eka e paNa hatuM ke rAjAnA eka sabadhIe gheADAnA eka musalamAna vepArInA tamAma gheADA chInavI lIdhA hatA. teNe rAhAmuddIna AgaLa phariyAda karI ane zihAbuddIna gArIe lakhyuM te chatAM pRthvIrAje gheADA pAchA ApavAne InkAra karyAM. karaNa vAghelAe peAtAnA vajIra mAdhavane kAzmIrI ane tukI gheADA kharIdavAne meAkalyo hatA. mArI A vigatanI matalaba e che ke uttara ane dakSiNa hiMdustAnamAM sAtamI ane AThamI sadI pata sArA gheADAnA abhAva hatA. sulemAna khasarInuM A byAna pharIthI joIe ke gujarAtanA rAjA pAse jevA gheADA che tevA hiMdamAM kAi pAse nathI." e dheADA A ja seAmanAthanI lUMTanA che, tenI saMkhyA dasa hajAra jeTalI hatI. dInAra (sAnAnA sikkA)nI kImatamAM vakhatovakhata ''

Page #144
132 gujarAtanA itihAsa pheraphAra thatA rahyo hatAH 25-15-12-8. have jo dInAranI kImata phakata ATha ja rUpiyA gaNavAmAM Ave te e hajAra gheADAnI kImata 1760000 rUpiyA thaI. hAthI ane bIjA mAlanI kImatano aMdAja A uparathI bAMdhI zakAya. yAgarAje enA badalAmAM zuM ApyuM haze e vize kaMI jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI; paraMtu ema aTakaLa karavAmAM Ave che ke jema kAI devALiyA peDhInA bhAgIdAreAne thADuM thoDuM ApI samajAvavAmAM Ave che te pramANe A vepArIone samajAvI devAmAM AvyA haze. vaLI te paNa rAjI na thAya teA e zuM karavAnA hatA? keTalAka vakhata vItyA bAda saltanatanA sta MbhAe zAhajhAdA (je vArasadAra paNa hate!) mATe siphAriza karI tyAre rAjAe javAba ApyA ke rAjAnuM kAma rAjya ane raiyatanuM rakSaNa karavAnuM che; temanuM kAma lokAne phAve tema lUTavAnuM nathI. huM e pramANe na karuM te aparAdhI gaNAvuM. saltanatanI muzkelIthI jamAvaTa thaI che, luTArunuM kAma karI saradAra banavAnA DAghane mArA khAnadAnanA mAthethI miTAvyeA che.1 Akhare tene cheDI mUkyA. paraMtu te imAnadArIthI A kAmane pApa samajatA hatA tethI teNe tenA nivAraNa mATe pAte agnimAM paDI dehatyAga karyAM (i. sa. 842, hi. sa. 199). A rAjA ati saddaguNI ane nyAyI hatA. saltanatanI teNe zANI vyavasthA karI hatI. tamAma leAkeA tene cAhatA hatA. teNe gujarAta upara 36 varasa paryaMta rAjya karyu. te IzvarathI DaratA hate. tenI saltanatanI hada 1, A uparathI paNa leAkeA dalIla kare che ke e luTAru khAnadAna hatuM. enA javAba mATe ema kahevu' khasa che ke tene izArA phakta vanarAja tarapha che je zarUAtamAM lUMTamAranuM kAma karateA hateA. A vatane khAnadAna sAthe kai levAdevA nathI. 2. mirAte ahamadImAM 35 sAla che ane te Aine akabarImAMthI levAmAM AvI che. paraMtu me' AvI tamAma hakIkatA Ne bhAge gujarAtI itihAsAmAMthI lIdhI che je Adhunika sazodhananA AdhAre lakhavAmAM Avela che.

Page #145
hiMduonA samaya [ 133 AbuthI mAMDI TheTha pATaNa sudhI pahoMcatI hatI. ema jaNAya che ke tenA jamAnAmAM brAhmaNeAnI jaDa UDI jaI pahoMcelI hatI ane dhArmika kAmA upara vadhAre bhAra mUkavAmAM AvatA hatA, ane leAkAne ghaNI zraddhA hatI. 1 (hi. sa. kSemarAja cAvaDAH--. sa. 842--I. sa. 86 228--hi. sa. 25ra ) yeAgarAja pachI tene putra kSemarAja takhtanazIna thayA. ene mIjAja bahu tejI hatA. tenA gAThiyA paNa sArA na hatA. temanI salAhathI ja bApanI sakhata manAI chatAM teNe sAdAgareAnAM jahA lUTayAM jemAM daza hajAra gheADA, hAthI ane lAkhA rUpiyAnA mAla hatA. e dolatathI teNe dhaNA phAyado uThAvyA ane peAtAnI 1. aphsAsanI vAta che ke ratnamALAmAM e vize kai ullekha karavAmAM AvyA nathI. vepArIone lU'cA bAbatanA myAna pachI ema lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke yAgarAje peAtAnA baMne bhAio je A banAvamAM sAmela hatA temane kheAlAvI ThapakA ApyA bAda kahyuM ke meM mArA jIvanabharamAM je kAma karavAnA irAdo karyA hatA te upara tame pANI pheravyu. paradezI vidrAnA jyAre A sAMbhaLaze tyAre gujarAtanA rAjrane nIca lekhaze, ane luTArunA saradAra kaheze. rAjanItimAM lakhyu che ke rAjAnA hukamabhaMga, brAhmaNeAnA vajhIphAnI meAkura, pathArI uparathI strIne judI suvADavI e vinA hathiyAre lAgelA evA thA che. 2. ratnamALAmAM e vize kaMI paNa lakhavAmAM AvyuM nathI. sahulata mATe ratnamALAnI hakIkata jANavI jarUrI che. enA graMthakAranuM nAma brAhmaNa kRSNAjI che. cAvaDA vaMzanI sthApanA pachI lagabhaga 447 vase ane seAla kI vaMzanI sthApanA pachI 152 varasa bAda e pustaka lakhavAmAM AveluM hatuM. selakInA jamAnAneA lekhaka heAvAthI kudaratI rIte seAlaMkI vaMzanI puSkaLa prazaMsA kare che. sAlakI khAnadAne cAvaDA pAsethI saltanata chInavI lIdhelI hAvAthI harIpha samajI te vize aprarAsanIya rIte tenuM myAna kare che. jue, jasarAjane luTAruM khAnadAnane kahyo che. vanarAja te luTAru ja hatA. majakUra graMthakAranA kahevA mujaba cAgarAje sArI jiMLgI daramiyAna suMdara

Page #146
134 ] gujarAtane itihAsa phe tAkatamAM vRddhi karI AsapAsano mulka jItI lIdhuM. paraMtu durAgrahI mIjAjI ane garama svabhAvavALo hato, tethI vajIre temaja sagA saMbaMdhIo tenAthI nArAja rahetAM hatAM ane haMmezAM tenI sAthe banatuM na hatuM. keInuM kahyuM mAnato na hovAthI leke salAha ApatAM paNa DaratA hatA. 24 varasa rAjya karI I. sa. 866 (hi. sa. 252) mAM te maraNa pAmyo. e ja samaye sulemAna basarI I. sa852 (hi. sa. 237)mAM gujarAtamAM Avyo hato ane mAnakheLa rAjyamAM rahI cAlyo gaye. A uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke ghaNuM karIne kSemarAjane vakhatovakhata valabhInA rAjAo sAthe laDAI laDavI paDatI hatI. e rAjA musalamAnone ko virodhI hatA, paraMtu enA rAjyamAM haMmezAM zAMti rahI hatI. bhuvaDarAja cAvaDa-I. sa. 866-895 (hi. sa. 2para kAma karyA, kAraNa ke te khAnadAnanA kapALe luTAru vRttinuM lAMchana miTAvavA mAgato hato. A saddaguNa puruSanI 26 sAlanI hakumata daramiyAna semanAtha baMdaranA paradezI vepArIone lUMTayAnA kissA sivAya ke bIje banAva noMdhavA lAyaka najare na paDayo (arthAt tene phakta bUrI bAjU rozanadAra mAluma paDatI) hindu lekhakone rivAja evo paNa che ke je rAja temanI mAnyatA mujaba bhale mAlama paDe tenI prazaMsAmAM pAchI pAnI karatA nathI ane je nApasaMda paDayo tene kyA uDAvI ja mUke che athavA to phakta eTaluM ja lakhe che ke phalANe jame ane marI gayo; jevuM ke graMthakAre kSemarAjanI bAbatamAM paNa ema ja karyuM che. * 1. mirAte ahamadImAM 25 sAla che je Aine akabarInI nakala che. rAjAonA nAma vize Aine akabarI ane bIjI gujarAtI tArIkhamAM matabheda che. meM gujarAtI tArIkhenI vigato vadhAre sAcI samajI te ja nAme rahevA dIdhAM che, kAraNa ke e leke potAnA vatananI vAtethI abulaphajhala karatAM vadhAre vAkepha hatA. mirAte ahamadImAM je che te AIne akabarImAMthI nakala kareluM che. 2. silasilatuta tavArIkha sulemAna basarI-presa perisa

Page #147
hiMduone samaya [ 135 -282) teNe potAnA pitAnA avasAna bAda saltanatanI lagAma potAnA hAthamAM lIdhI. ema jaNAya che ke tenA bApanA AkharI samaya daramiyAna je becenI pedA thaI hatI te teNe tarata ja dUra karI ane raiyatane rAjI rAkhavAmAM kAphI kaziza karI. A ja kAraNathI 28 sAla parvata sukhazAMtithI teNe rAjya karyuM. ane Akhare I. sa. 895 (hi. sa. 282)mAM A phAnI duniyAmAMthI kUca karI gaye. loke tene "payartha" paNa kahetA hatA.' enA ja samayamAM I. sa. 877 (hi. sa. 262)mAM abulahasana jheda sairAphI Avyo hato, jeNe sulemAna basarInI vAtane zabdazaH Teke Ape che. te paNa lakhe che ke tene vakhatovakhata valabhInA rAjAo sAthe laDavuM paDe che, ane te musalamAna rAjAone duzmana che. vairisiMharAja:-I. sa. 895-920 (hi. sa. 282-308). tenA pitAnA maraNa pachI te gAdIe Avyo ane 25 varasa sudhI teNe rAjya karyuM. paraMtu tenA rAjyanI koI paNa bAbata ullekha karavA lAyaka maLI nathI. paraMtu ema jaNAya che ke rAjyanI dharI DhIlI thavA e ja samayathI mAMDI hatI, kAraNa ke vAraMvAra tene zatruo sAthe laDavuM paDayuM hatuM. tene vajIra bahu vidvAna hato. tenI cAturIthI te haMmezAM phatehamaMda thato. bahudhA enI duzmanAvaTa valabhInA rAjya sAthe hatI. masau itihAsakAra enA ja vakhatamAM eTale ke I. sa. 915 (hi. sa. 303)mAM ahIM Avyo hato, te jANe che ke gujarAtanA rAjA sAthe valabhInA rAjyane haMmezAM takarAra rahe che. gujarAtano rAjA musalamAno mahAna duzmana che. enI vigatavAra hakIkata AgaLa Ave che. ane e ja jamAnAmAM I. sa. 812 1. gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsamAM A nAmane badale "cAmuMDa" lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. 2. ktiAnula hida vasatIna da sarANI che. perisa 3. masaudI, pR. 382, bhA1, pR. misara

Page #148
136 ] gujarAtano itihAsa (hi. sa. 300)mAM bujhurga bina zahariyAra mAnakheLa joIne cIna tarapha nIkaLI gayo. teNe mAnakheLa pAyatakhtanI bahu ja tArIpha karI che, ane tene sonAnuM zahera kahyuM che. I. sa. 920 (hi. sa. 308)mAM e rAjA maraNa pAme. ratnAdityarAja-I. sa. 920-935 (hi. sa. 308- 324). rAjA vairisiMha pachI teno putra ratnAditya rAjA thayo. musalamAno tene rizAdata ke risAdata kahe che. e rAjA nekadila satyavAdI temaja parAkramI hato. teNe mulkanI suMdara vyavasthA karI ane tenI reyata tenAthI rAjI hatI ane rAjyamAM sukhazAMti paNa hatAM; te chatAM kSemarAjanA samayathI je paDatIno kIDA peThe hato te barAbara tene khAto rahyo. sUbedAranI caDatI thaI ane kendranI hakUmatImAM kamajorI AvI. e 15 varasa rAjya karI paralokavAsI thayo. sAmaMtasiMha -I. sa. 835-94ra (hi. sa324-441). ratnAdityano putra sAmaMtasiMha gAdI upara birAjamAna thayuM. e vaMza e chelle rAjA hato. te machalo ane dilane kamajora hate. te uparAMta badayAlane ane julmI hato, zarAbano upAsaka hato. eka divasa zarAbanA nizAmAM pitAnA bhANeja mULarAja mATe gAdI vArasa tarIkenI vidhi karI dIdhI. nizA UtarI gayA bAda mULarAja pAsethI pAchI mAgaNI karI, paraMtu teNe tema karavAne sApha InkAra karyo. jhaghaDe vaLe tyAre Akhare laDAI thaI sAmaMtasiMha mAryo gayA ane mULarAja takhtane kabaje laI svataMtra rAjA thaI gayo. "kumArapAlacaritramAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke jamAI bhANeja ane mUkha kadI upakRta rahetA nathI. cAvaDA vaMzanA 8 rAjAoe lagabhaga 200 varSa rAjya karyuM.1 1. kalyANarAjanI 50 varasanI hakUmata je kADhI nAkhavAmAM Ave to cAvaDA vaMzanI saltanatanI kula mudata 196 varasanI thAya che. A ja

Page #149
hiMduone samaya | [ 137 cAvaDA khAnadAnanI vizALI mukhya sthaLa gujaro siMdhathI AvyA somanAtha pATaNa jasarAja(ke jayazikharI) I. sa. 696 (hi. sa. 77) paryata paMcAsara kalyANarAja (pAla)I.sa. 696 hi.sa. 77 ,, ,, vanarAja (jasarAjane putra) I. sa. 746 (I. sa. 129) paryata aNahIlavADa yogarAja I. sa. 80 6 (hi. sa. 191) , 3 kSemarAja I. sa. 84ra (hi. sa. 228) >> 4 bhuvaDarAja I. sa. 866 (hi. sa. 252), 5 vazisiMharAja i.sa 895 (hi.sa. 282) , 6 ratnAditya I. sa. 9ra0 (hi. sa. 308) , 17 sAmaMtasiMha i.sa. 935 (hi.sa. 324) , kAraNathI mirAne ahamadImAM saltanatanI mudata ATalI lakhI che. A jagyAe ratnamALAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke sAmaMtasiMhe rAjane suprata karI pAchuM mAgyuM tethI te divasathI cAvaDA khAnadAnanI bakSizanI geraagatya dAkhalArUpa thaI gaI. ahIM paNa mAlUma paDe che ke sAmaMtasiMhanA vartanathI sarva cAvaDA khAnadAnanI TIkA karI che, paraMtu potAnI putrI selaMkI khAnadAnamAM paraNAvelI hovAthI ja tenA bApanI tArIpha karavAmAM Ave che, AthI lekhakane te jamIna upara sUraja je dekhAya che. paraMtu tAjubInI vAta che ke kane janA sUryavaMzIoe cAra ane luTArAnA khAnadAnamAM paraNavAnuM cA kAraNathI pasaMda karyuM haze.. huM dhAruM chuM sAmaMtasiMha te eka prapaMcanI jALamAM sapaDAI gaye hate. kharekhara mULarAje pahelethI ja rAjyanA umarA sAthe yukti prayukti racI mUkI hatI, nahite koi nazAmAM pArakA zamsane gAdIvAsa banAve ane potAnA kuTuMbanA tamAma loka temaja rAjyanA umarA hAtha upara hAtha mUkI besI rahe e kema bane?

Page #150
138 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa H 5 H sAlaDI vaza:--I. sa. 942 thI 1242 ( hi.sa. 331 hi. sa. 640) upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke gujara kAmanI eka zAkhA cAlukaya hatI te ja cAlukaya vaMzanI eka zAkhA sAlakI che. * uttaramAM sAlI rAjyanI rAjadhAnI bhinnamAla hatI. tee AsapAsanI saltanatAnA dabANane laIne potAnI jagyAne tyAga karI mALavA cAlyA gayA. dakSiNamAM sAlakInuM pAyatakhta kalyANI hatuM. seAlaka khAnadAne cAvaDA pAsethI ane pharIthI seAlaka pAsethI cAvaDAe kevI rIte rAjya lIdhuM e vize vigatavAra pAchaLa lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. have pharIthI sAlakI vaMzamAM saltanata AvI te vizenI hakIkata A pramANe che ke kalyANInA rAjA bhuvaDanI ceAthI peDhIe bhaumAditya nAmanA eka rAjA hatA je peAtAnAM haiyAM che!karAM sAthe sAmanAthanI jAtrAe AvyA hatA, pAchA pharatAM pATaNa (aNuhIlavADa)mAM paNa UtaryAM. tyAMnA rAjA ratnAditye potAnI putrI lIlAvatInuM lagna kalyANInA rAjAnA vaDA putra "rASTi " sAthe karyuM. mULarAja tene cheAkarA hatA. prasava vakhate janma thatAM pahelAM tenI mAtA marI gaI, tethI tenuM udara cIrIne chokarAne bahAra kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. e te gujarAtanA kaisara jevA hatA. janma vakhate mULa nakSatra hAvAthI tenuM nAma mULarAja" pADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, sAmaMtasi Mhai pAte tenI paravariza karI hatI ane hareka jAtanI tAlIma ApI hatI. te kAyela ane bahAdura hatA. teNe peAtAnAM satkRtyAthI leAkeAnAM hradaya jItI lIdhAM. ghaNuM karIne sAmaMtasiMhanI gaphalata ane potAnI heAziyArIthI darabArInuM valaNa tenA tarapha thaI gayuM hatuM. mULarAja solakI--I. sa. 942 thI I. sa. 997 ( hiM sa. 331 thI 387 ) mULarAja, sAlakI vaMzanA sthApanAra temaja gujarAtane mahAna

Page #151
hiMduone samaya [ 13 rAjA hatA. tenI vikhyAtinAM traNa kAraNa cheH (1) tenI phatehene laIne tamAma gujarAta ane saurASTra eka kendra upara eka jhaMDA nIce AvyAM; (2) bauddha dharma ane tenA rAjyane gujarAtamAMthI bahAra kADhayAM; (3) te khAsa karIne brAhmaNone bahu mAna Apato hato. tenA janma temaja maraNanI sAle vize mAhitI maLatI nathI, paraMtu e vAta te nakkI ja che ke teNe 55 thI 56 sAla paryata rAjya karyuM. tenI takhtanazInI vakhatanI tenI vaya 20 varasanI mAnavAmAM Ave to tenA janmanI sAla I. sa. 922 (hi. sa. 311) hoI zake. tenA pitAnuM lagna ratnAditya cAvaDAnI putrI sAthe thayuM hatuM, jeNe I. sa. 920 (hi. sa. 300) thI I. sa. 925 (hi. sa. 324) paryata hukamarAnI karI hatI, eTale ke tenA takhtanazIna thayA bAda trIje ke cothe varase mULarAjane janma thayo hato. I. sa. 997 (hi. sa. 387)mAM mULarAje takhta uparathI potAne hAtha uThAvI lIdho. e samaye tene rAjya karyuM 55 thI 56 varasa vItI gayAM hatAM. sAmAnya rIte ItihAsamAM jaNAvavAmAM Ave che ke tenA janma pachI lagabhaga 75 varSa hakumatanA hakane ThAkare mArI IzvaraprArthanA ane tIrthonI yAtrAmAM potAnI jiMdagI pasAra karI. arthAta piso varasanI umara pachI paNa te lAMbe samaya jIvyo hate.. mULarAje pitAnA mAmA sAmaMtasihanI katala karI takhtanA tamAma vArasone motanA ghATa upara utArI mUkIne takhta hAsila karyuM. jeo tenI zamazerathI chaTakayA teoe AsapAsanI saltanatamAM Azraya, lIdhe. huM dhAruM chuM ke teNe AkharI samaye potAnuM kendrasthAna saurASTra karyuM hatuM, jyAM mULarAjanI viruddha kAvatarAM racAyAM haze. paraMtu kharI vAta e che ke tene vArasArUpe koI paNa haka na hato. tethI A vAta phelAI gaI tyAre ajamera ane telaMganA rAjAoe e ja bahAnAthI caDAIne IrAdo karyo. mULarAje paNa tamAma taiyArIo karI ane rAjadhAnInA saraMkSaNa mATe tadabIra karavAmAM maNa na

Page #152
140 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa rAkhI. paraMtu laDAI samaye sarva nakAmuM gayuM. baMne phojanuM eTaluM sakhata dabANa thayuM, ka pAyatakhta choDI ( kacchamAM AvelA) kaMthakoTamAM cAlyo gayo. te dhAratA hatA ke navarAtranA tahevAra AvatAM ajameranI pheja pAchI pharaze, kAraNa ke rAjA mATe maMdiramAM jaI pUjA karavAnuM jarUrI hatuM. paraMtu tenI dhAraNuM kharI na paDI. ajameranA rAjAe mAtA (murti) ne ahIM maMgAvI pUjA karI ane joradAra humalAnI taiyArI zarU karI. AthI gabharAIne rAjyanA mutsaddIone mULarAje bolAvI salAha pUchI. temano abhiprAya e Avyo ke eka vakhate be duzmane sAthe laDavuM DahApaNa bhareluM nathI. pariNAme ajameranA rAjAne najarANuM ( arthAt laDAIne kharca) ApI vidAya karyo ane tailaMganA bArapa nAmanA saradAra sAthe laDAI karI tene harAvyo. te laDAImAM bArapa mAryo gayo. keja bhAMgI jaIne nAsI gaI ane gujarAta A tephAnamAMthI bacyuM; I. sa. 977 (hi. sa. 367); eTale ke 35 varasa paryata mULarAja tene baLavAna karato rahyo vaLI phojI taiyArImAM gUMthAI gayo. teNe leke mATe saMkhyAbaMdha jagyAe maMdira baMdhAvyAM. brAhmaNone khuza karavA mATe InAmo ane dAna ApyAM. e samaya sudhI tenI saltanatamAM megiIra, khaMbhAta ane jaMbusaranAM rAjyo dAkhala na hatAM. ane e ja pramANe lATa arthAta bharUca paNa tenI sattA nIce AvyuM na hatuM. saurASTranA keTalAka nAnA nAnA rAjAo paNa mULarAjanA tAbAmAM na hatA. meMgIra (mAnakheLa)nI saltanata te samaye ati kamajora thaI gaI hatI. saurASTrane AkharI rAjA graharipu nAmane hatA. tenA rAjyane viratAra paNa khAsa pahoLo hato. lATane rAjA paNa khudamukhiyAra hato. saurASTranA rAjAnA dharma vize kaMI 1. Ibna hokala, pR. 233, preka lIDana. " . enA asala nAmanI mAhitI maLatI nathI. gujarAtanA itihAsamAM A ja lakhyuM che.

Page #153
hiMduonA samaya [ 141 mAhitI maLatI nathI. paraMtu mULarAjanA darabAramAM tenA upara je kAMi taheAmata mUkavAmAM AvyAM che te uparathI ema lAge che ke te bauddhadhanI haze ane brAhmaNeAne e dhama mATe tiraskAra hatA. A uparAMta mAruM mAnavuM che ke mULarAjanA kInAthI je lokA chaTakI gayA athavA te| je leAkeAne vatanamAMthI hijarata karavI paDI teo tamAma ahIM jamA thayA ane mULarAjana 1 viruddha eka jhabaradasta kAvataru' racyuM hAya, e paNa banavA joga che. mULarAjane A vAtanI khabara paDI haze tyAre bhayanI pUrI khAtarI thatAM tenuM vera klimAM nakkI karyu haze, paraMtu catura hArda vastusthiti kharAbara samajate hatA, ke jo te tarapha hAtha laMbAvuM te saMpUrNa ekatrita tAkata ajamAvavI paDaze,. kAraNa ke peAtAnAM mitrarAjyAmAM sAraDa, kaccha, lATa ane saurASTranAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjye zAmela hatAM. AthI eka bAju mULarAje peAtAnI phojI taiyArI paripUrNa karI ane bIjI bAjU lekAmAM dhArmika jIssA pedA karyAM. prathama tA hindu dharmAMnI viruddha hAvAnuM tenA upara taheAmata mUkyuM ane khIjI tarapha seAmanAthanI himAyatane dAvA karI leAkAne peAtAnA tarapha kheMcyA. teNe jAhera karyu ke sAmanAtha mate svapnAmAM kahe che ke tuM e lokone nAza kara, kAraNa ke emaNe maMdirane verAna karyuM che, .( arthAt bauddha hovAthI loA tenI pUjA karatA nathI.) temaja kAI tenI vA karatuM nathI.' te samayane jaina sAdhu A banAve! vaze, peAtAnA byAnamAM A pramANe lakhe che : .. ? * te (mULarAja)ne sArI duniyA mATe mehabbata ane lAgaNI hatI. dAna devAmAM te advitIya hatA. tamAma rAjAe ene tAbe hatA. je lokeAne kAI jagyAe sukha zAMti na maLatI tee muLarAjanA mulkamAM AvI vasavATa karatA. peAtAnA duzmaneAmAMnA ardhAne teNe katala karyAM ane ardhAne jakhAvatana karavAnI pharaja pADI. dhaNuM karIne e cAvaDA vaMzanA ane tenI taraphadArI karatA lokA hatA.) eka vakhata

Page #154
142] gujarAtano ItihAsa svapnAmAM tene somanAtha mahAdeva dekhAyA ane graharipune vinAza karavAnI salAha ApI ane tene khAtarI ApI ke je lokee pavitra sthaLo verAna karyA che te tamAma upara tane sneha maLaze. bIje divase darabAra bharI vacharonI salAha lIdhI. chala(?) vajIre rAjAnA mata mATe eka pUrajora bhASaNa karyuM jemAM graharipu upara nIce pramANenAM tahomato mUkathA : - (1) jAtrALuone roke che. | (2) rastAmAM hADakAM ane mAMsa vere che (A uparathI jaNAya che ke te jena na hato, kAraNa ke jaina mAMsane aDatA nathI. ) (3) te brAhmaNo mATe kharAba vacane vApare che. (kAraNa ke te bauddha hato, hiMdu na hatA.) (4) navajavAna che ane ajANI strIone baLAtkAre mahelamAM ghasaDI jAya che. (5) teNe AsapAsanA rAjAone dabAvI rAkhyA che. (6) ghaNo magarUra ane delatamaMda che. (7) siMdhI rAjAne hAra ApI tenA ghoDA hAthI ane ratha chInavI lIdhA. (8) tamAma pahADI pradeza (jyAM duzmane Azraya le te ) verAna karI dIdhA. - bIjA vachara janmeke kahyuM ke graharipu giranAranI taLeTImAM rahe che. tene mukAma pahADa ane samudranI vacce che. te killAothI surakSita che. soraTha ne kacchano rAjA teno dilI dosta che. te uparAMta bIjA keTalAka jhabaradasta rAjAoe tene sAtha Ape che. tethI baradasta taiyArI karI khuda pitAnI saradArI nIce teno aMta lAva. mULarAje A masalata pachI eka miniTa paNa nakAmI gumAvyA vagara saMpUrNa taiyArI sAthe ravAnagI mATe jAherAta karI. ravAnA thatI vakhate raiyata ane brAhmaNoe je zAnadAra rIte dekhAva karyo hato te

Page #155
hiMduone samaya [ 143 uparathI sAmAnya lAgaNI vize jANavAnuM maLe che. laMkAno jusso evo hato ke strIo potAnAM bALabaccAM choDI saDaka upara doDI gaI. paraMtu e paNa jANavuM joIe ke humalo karanArI phejoe sarahada upara dekhAva dIdho tyAMsudhI zatrunA kAna upara A taiyArInI khabara na paDI. graharipue A vAta sAMbhaLI tyAre te paNa satvara taiyArI karI raNabhUmi upara lazkara laI Avya; potAnA mitrarAjAone paNa belAvyA, bhIlonI temaja pitAnI kAmanI strIo paNa raNakSetramAM AvI pahoMcI (kadAca laDavaiyAnI saMkhyA kama hovAnA kAraNe duzmanane chetaravA temane medAnamAM lAvyo haze athavA te saraMjAma malamapaTTI vagere mATe paNa hoya). TUMkamAM baMne bAjunAM mitrarA nIce pramANenAM hatAM: saurASTra gujarAtI mitrarA 1 lAkhArAjA kaccha 1 mAravADanA rAjA 2 zaba parza rAjA (3) . 2 siMdharAja siMdha 3 zrImAla rAjA 8 jADejA rAja ( 4 paramAra rAjA 5 gaMgAnA rAjA uttara gujarAta 4 anya nAnA rAjAo 6 banAsane rAjA (caMdrAvatI) mULarAjanuM lazkara nAnI nAnI TukaDIomAM vaheMcAyeluM hatuM, te chatAM tamAma eka jhaMDA arthAta eka ja saradAranA hAtha nIce kAma karatuM hatuM. paraMtu graharipune prathama to ekale hAthe mukAbalo karavo paDyo. teNe bahAdurIthI sAmano karyo, paraMtu AbunI laDAyaka je tIrene evo to varasAda varasAvyo ke kaI paNa rIte tenuM lazkara TakI zakayuM nahi. tenI hAra thaI ane rAjA giraphatAra thayo. have kacchane rAjA AvI pahoMcyo. teNe sulehanI. ghaNuM koziza karI, ane pisA ApI rAjAne cheDAvavAnI IcchA karI;

Page #156
144 ) gujarAtane ItihAsa paraMtu gujarAtIo koI paNa rIte Ama karavA rAjI na hatA. ane kadAca koI rIte tene mukti maLI jAya to, ema dhArI satvare tenI katala karI. A sAMbhaLI soraThavALAoe humale karyo, paraMtu kacchano rAjA mAryo gayo ane te sAthe jADejA rAjA(?)nuM kAma paNa khatama thayuM. AvI rIte teNe sArA saurASTra ane kaccha upara phateha hAsila karI badhAne khaMDaNI bharatA kya." e paNa vicAravA jevI bAbata che ke lATa (bharUca)no rAjA taraphadArI karatA hovA chatAM potAnI pheje raNakSetramAM lAvI zakyo nahi. enuM kAraNa huM dhAruM chuM tyAM sudhI e paNa hoya ke mULarAje eka pheja temano rasto rokavA mATe mukarara karI hoya ane ene laIne te AvI zake nahi hoya. te ja samaye mULarAjanA gharamAM eka putrano prasava thayo, jenuM nAma cAmaDa ke cAmuMDa rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. rAjyamAM AnaMda AnaMda prasarI rahyo, kAraNa ke te samaya sudhI takhtano vArasa koI na hato. mULarAja lUMTano tamAma mAla laI aNahIlavADa pahoMcyo ane meTo utsava UjavAyo. keTalIka vakhata rAjyavyavasthAmAM mazagUla rahyo. paraMtu lATa (bharUca) no kAMTo haMmezAM tenA dilamAM khaTakato rahyo. eka vakhata koI bAbata mATe darabAra bharavAmAM Avyo hato. bIjAM rAjyanA elacIo paNa pitapotAnAM rAjyo taraphathI maitrIbhAvadarzaka bakSizo (1). tArIkhe gujarAta, saipha bI. e. pR. 311mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke soraThanA rAjA sAthe duzmanAvaTanuM eka kAraNa e paNa hatuM ke selaMkI rA pitAnI strInA avasAnane laIne dvArakA cAlyA gaye. pAchA pharatAM tenA darabAramAM paNa pahoMcyo. rAjAe potAnI bahena tenI vere paraNAvI. tene eka putra thayo, jenuM nAma "rAkho' rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. tyArapachI kaMI bAbata upara takarAra thaI, jene laine selaMkInI katala thaI ane tenI strI satI thaI. paraMtu mULarAjane vera levAnuM kahetI gaI. rAjakIya kAraNe uparAMta laDavAne kaMi khAnagI kAraNa paNa mejuda hatuM.

Page #157
hiMduAnA samaya [ 145 peza karatA hatA. dAkhalA tarIke rAjA anaMge ratha, kinArA uparanA mulakanA rAjAe ( bahudhA laMkAne rAjA haze ) hIrA ane sAnuM, devagaDhanA rAjAe khaMDaNI ane kAlapuranA rAjAe te| mULarAjanA paga AgaLa javerAta yu", kAzmIranA rAjAe kastUrI, kururAjAe vividha jAtanI raMgIna chatrI, pAMcAlanA rAjAe gAyA ane gulAba, ane lATa ( bharUca )nA rAjAe dvAraka" nAmanA hAthI bakSIsa tarIke meklyA. A mAkAne mULarAje Akasmika lAbha samajI tenA upara evA ArApa mUkayA ke tame kheADavALA hAthI mAkalI mArI mazkarI karI che; ane tyArapachI peAtAnA putra cAmuDane ekAeka eka mahAna sainya ApI humalA karavA melyA. eTalI gupta rIte A humalA karavAmAM AvyA hatA ke zaheranI sAmAnya janatA duzmaneAnA gheADAnI kharIne avAja saMbhaLAyA tyAMsudhI peAtAnA nitya kAmamAM mazagUla rahI. eTale sudhI ke strIe haMmeza mujaba nadIe ane taLAveAmAM nirbhayapaNe nahAtI hatI te A acAnaka Ata nihALI bhAgI gaI. lATaneA rAjA AvA samaye zuM karI zake ? jIvaleNu kUca karI ane hAra khAi maraNane zaraNa thayA ane lATa jitAyelA mulakAmAM AvI gayuM. yuvarAjanI A prathama phatehathI mULarAjane ati AnaMda thayeA. have enI saltanatanI sarahado vistRta hatI. AbuthI mAMDI saurASTra ane kaccha sudhI ane bIjI bAjUe dakSiNa sudhI enuM rAjya hatuM. AyuSanA paNu aMtima cheDA upara paheAMcI gayA hatA te samaye tene hareka prakAranuM sukha hatuM te chatAM klimAM zAMti na hatI. vakhateAvakhata tenuM hRdaya potAnI jAta upara mAmA sAmatasiddhanI tala mATe phiTakAra karatuM hatuM. raiyatamAM badanAmIne laIne e mehada gabharAtA hatA. te ati cAlAka hatA tethI A lAMchana dUra karavAne prajAne bane teTalI khuza karavAne kAziza karato, jethI karIne leAkeA te vAta bhUlI jAya, ane pariNAme satkRtyA yAda rahe. A 10

Page #158
146] gujarAtane ItihAsa khyAlathI teNe siddhapuramAM mahAdevanuM eka maMdira "rudramALanA nAmathI baMdhAvavAnuM zarU karyuM, paraMtu tene paripUrNa karavAnuM tenA kismatamAM na hatuM. balka kudarate A kAmanI siddhatAne tAja siddharAjanA zira mATe saMgharI rAkhyo hato. enA zarUAtanA arasAmAM (I. sa. 851-hi. sa. 340) IbrAhIma astakharI siMdha Avyo hato. teNe gujarAtI bAdazAha vize te kaMI lakhyuM nathI; mAMgIranA rAjA vize lakhyuM che ke "tenA tAbAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha rAjAo (gavarnara) che." A uparathI ema jaNAya che ke e vakhata sudhI mULarAjanA kabajAmAM tamAma gujarAta ane saurASTra na hatAM ane e leke te samaye mULarAjanA tAbAmAM na hatA. tenA pachI pharIthI tenA samayamAM (I.sa. 97- hi. sa. 367) Inta hekala bagadAdI gujarAta Avyo hato teNe paNa khAsa karIne gujarAtanA rAjA vize koI paNa ullekha karyo nathI. vallabharAyanA hAtha nIce musalamAne dhArmika chUTachATane laIne je phAyado uThAvI rahyA hatA tenI ghaNuM tArIpha karI che, te uparathI paNa mAluma paDayuM che ke te samaya ( I. sa. 977-hi. sa. 367) paryata valabharAyanAM rAjadhAnI ane rAjya mejuda hatAM. tyArapachI I. sa. 98pa (hi. sa. 375)mAM bassArI mukaddasI siMdha Avyo hato teNe siMdha uparAMta gujarAtanAM saMkhyAbaMdha zaheranAM nAme lakhyAM che, paraMtu vallabharAya arthAta magara (ke mAnakheLa)nuM nAma lakhyuM nathI. A uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke A arasAmAM tenI agatya jatI rahI hatI. mULarAje prayAgathI ekaso pAMca veda jANanArA brAhmaNa ane eka sAmaveda jANanAra uparAMta kAzIthI ghaNuM brAhmaNone bolAvI vasAvyA, teo pAsethI AzIrvAda ane zubhecchAnI vinaMtipUrvaka mAgaNuM karI ane moTI moTI jAgIre temane enAyata karI. e rAjA bahu vidyApremI hato. teNe sakhAvata ane bakSisothI

Page #159
hiMduone samaya [147 tamAma paMDitone mAlAmAla karyA. uttara hiMdustAnanAM bIjAM zaheremAMthI paNa pAMDitane bolAvI gujarAtamAM vasAvyA. temanA vaMzajo "audIcya" (uttaranA) nAmathI mazahUra che. khaMbhAta, sihora ane anya nAnAM nAnAM gAmo temane jAgIramAM ApavAmAM AvyAM. siMhapura (sihora) dasa brAhmaNone ApyuM hatuM. AkharI umaramAM potAnAM pApa mATe bahu pastAvo karyo. teNe potAnA putra cAmuMDane rAjagAdI upara besADyo ane pote gAdItyAga karyo ane bAkInuM jIvana Izvarabhakti ane tIrthayAtrAmAM gujArI pitAnA raheThANa mATe siddhapuramAM eka mahela "ramaNa Azrama" pasaMda karyo, ane tyAM ja pitAnI jiMdagIno bAkIno samaya pasAra karyo. mULarAja bahu bahAdura ane akalamaMda zabyu hatuM, paraMtu A guNo uparAMta "ratnamALA"mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke te lucco ane julmI hata; strIone zokhIna hato; paisA jamInamAM dATI rAkhata; laDAInA kAmamAM catura na hatA, paraMtu duzmanane dagophaTakAthI hAra Apato hato. tenA samayamAM gujarAtamAM sukhazAMti rahyAM. bahudhA A pAchalA durguNa zarUAtanA arasAmAM tenAmAM hatA, kAraNa ke jiMdagInA AkharI hissAmAM te te evo na hato. cAmuMDa selaMkI:-I. sa. 997thI 1010 (hi. sa. 387 thI 401). mULarAje jyAre takhta uparathI pitAne haka uThAvI lIdho tyAre tene vaDe putra cAmuMDa takhtanazIna the. dilagIrInI vAta che ke tenA janmanI ke maraNanI kharI sAla maLI nathI, paraMtu phakta eTaluM ja jANavAnuM maLyuM ke saurASTra jItyA bAda lagabhaga I. sa. 977 (hi. sa. 363)mAM tene janma thaye hate. bALapaNathI ja tene vidyAbhyAsano zokha hato ane mahAbhAratanI vAta sAMbhaLate hato. "ratnamALA'mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke mULarAjane putra cAmuMDa hato. te khAvApIvAmAM majIle hato ane ucca priTine libAsa paheratA hatA. teNe bAgabagIcAmAM umadAmAM umadA

Page #160
148 ] gujarAtane itihAsa jhADA rApAvyAM. te tenA pitAthI paNa sArA hatA. ane rAjyamAM kAi paNa tene duzmana na hatA. cAmuMDe peAtAnI saltanatanuM khUbIthI saMrakSaNa karyuM ane eka tasubhara jamIna paNa peAtAnA kabajAnI bahAra javA na dIdhI. tera varasa pa``ta satanatanAM sarva kAme sukhazAMtithI adA karyAM. eka vakhata teNe tenI bahena sAthe geravartana kayuM jethI teNe ati pazcAttApa karyAM ane te pApanivAraNa mATe teNe kAzI javAnA irAdA karyAM. cAmuMDane vallabharAja, durlabharAja ane nAgarAja e pramANe traNa putrA hatA. cAmuMDe 13 varSa rAjya karI potAnA putra vallabharAjane peAtAnI jagyAe takhtanazIna karyAM, ane jAtrAarthe kAzI mATe ravAnA thayA. rastAmAM mALavAnA rAjAe tamAma sArAM AbhUSaNo chInavI lIdhAM ane tenI kaMgALa hAlata karI nAkhI. cAmuMDe pAchAM AvI peAtAnA putra AgaLa A mAmalAnI phariyAda karI. vallabharAja AnuM vera levAne mALavA tarapha phAja laI gayA, paraMtu rastAmAM zItaLAnA rAgathI maraNa pAmyA ane vIle mee sainya pAchuM AvyuM. e ja divasathI mALavA ane gujarAtanA dilamAM veranuM khI rApAyuM. cAmuMDa A banAvatho bahu dilagIra thaye.. tyArapachI tenA putra du`bharAjane gAdI upara besADaye ane pote sAdhu thaI na`dA nadIne kinAre bharUcathI sAta kAsa upara AvelA zuklatImAM cAlye! gayA. A ja jagyA upara, caMdragupte paNa peAtAnA vajIranI sAthe prAyazcitta karyu hatuM. te eka satyavAdI ane sadguNI rAjA hatA. durlabharAja solaMkIH--jI. sa. 1010-1022 (hi. sa. 401-413). durlabharAje paNa rAjyanuM kAma sArI rIte karyuM. satanatamAM sukhazAMti rahevAthI tenI DhAlatamAM vRddhi thai. teNe potAnuM dhana 1. gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa desAi, pR. 172

Page #161
hiMduone samaya [ 149 lekakalyANanAM kAmamAM vAparyuM. ghaNI jagyAe taLAva ane maMdire baMdhAvyAM. khuda pATaNa najIka paNa eka taLAva banAvyuM. zrI jinezvarajI jevA dhuraMdhara vidvAna tenA salAhakAra hatA. jaina dharma vize paNa tene bodha ApatA rahetA hatA. enA ja pariName Ama jAnavaro tarapha dayA rAkhavAnI Teva tenAmAM paDI gaI. khuda pote bahu lAyaka hato, paraMtu mulkamAM bahAranA humalAthI bacavAnI koI vyava sthA teNe karI nahi ane cha taiyArI tarapha dhyAna ApyuM nahi, jenuM pariNAma tenA vArasane bhogavavuM paDayuM. tenI bahene mAravADanA rAjA mahendra joDe lagna karyuM. tenA nAnA bhAInuM nAma nAgarAja hatuM ane te baMnenuM lagna mAravADanA majakUra rAjAnI putrIo sAthe thayuM hatuM. durlabharAjane kaMI saMtAna na hatuM, paraMtu nAgarAjane bhImadeva nAmane putra hatA. jyAre te moTe thayo tyAre durlabharAje I. sa. 1022 (I. sa. 413)mAM tene rAjyano vArasa banAvI potAnA bhAInI sAthe IzvarabhaktimAM potAnuM mana parovI dIdhuM. tenA rAjya daramiyAna I. sa. 1017 (hi. sa. 408)mAM aburIhAne bIranI hiMdustAnamAM Avyo hato teNe potAnI "ktiAbula hiMdamAM vigatavAra hakIkato lakhI che, somanAtha ane gujarAta vize vigatavAra varNana karyuM che, jeno tarajumo yogya sthaLe A pustakamAM ApI dIdho che. bhImadeva 1 le: I. sa. 1022-1072 (hi. sa. 413- 46). durlabharAja pachI bhImadeva takhtanazIna thayuM. e eka parAkramI ane heziyAra rAjA hato. mahamUda gajhanI jeNe saMkhyAbaMdha vAra uttara hiMdustAnanA rAjAo sAthe laDAI karI hatI te acAnaka gujarAta upara caDAI lAvyo. bhImadevanAmAM mukAbalo karavAnI zakti na hovAthI kacchamAM jaI eNe Azraya lIdho, paraMtu mahamUda tyAM paNa pahoMcyA. lAcAra thaI tyAMthI paNa nAsI chUTI e pahADomAM chupAI gayo. mahamUda gajhanI hiMdustAnathI pAcho cAlyo gayo tyAre bhImadeve

Page #162
150 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa kAziza karI gujarAta pharIthI potAnA kabvamAM lIdhuM ane pachI sidhanA rAjA hummuka upara caDAI karI. siMdhu nadI upara pula bAMdhI tene hAra ApI ane cedInA rAjA karaNane harAvI gujarAtamAM mahAna zAnAzokata sAthe AvyA. raiyate ati zAnadAra AdarasatkAra karyo. te pachI teNe pharIthI petAnI gumAvelI AbarU hAsila karI. eka vakhata mALavAmAM sakhata dukALa paDayA te vakhate rAjAe gujarAta upara humalA karI lUMTavAnA IrAde karyAM. tailiganA rAjAe. mALavA upara humalA karavAnI IcchA karI. bhImadeve tene rAyA. mALavAnA rAjAe upakAra mAnyeA, paraMtu bhImadeva jyAre sidha cAlo gayA tyAre mALavAnA rAjA bhoje tenA lAbha laI gujarAta jItavA khAhiza karI ane A mATe pe!tAnA senApati kulacane pheja ApI ravAnA karyo, te pATaNa lUMTI pAchA pharyAM, tyAre bhImadeve cedInA rAjA karaNane sAthe laI mALavA upara caDAi karI. haMjI, tA A laDAI cAlu hatI eTalAmAM mALavAnA rAjA marI gayeA. karaNa tamAma khajAne lUTI ravAnA thayA ane bhImadevane eka pAI paNa parakhAvI nahi ane mALavAnI badhI AmadAnI bhImadevanI ja che ema kahI tene TALyeA.ra ajamera para mahamUda gajhanIe humalA karyAM tyAre ajameranA 1. mALavA ane siMdha vizenI tamAma hakIkatA me* tArIkhe gujarAtamAMthI (pR. 140 ) lIdhI che. siMdha upara humalA karavAnuM kAraNa ema khatAvavAmAM Ave che ke teNe bhImadevanA adhirAja arthAt zahenazAha tarIke svIkAra karyA na hatA, tethI tene zikSA karavAmAM AvI. satya vastu zuM che te Izvara Ne. eka khIna itihAsamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke A humaleA mahamUda gajhanInI caDAi pahelAM siMdhI IsmAileAnI : uzkeraNIthI karavAmAM AnyeA hateA. ane siMdha mahamUdanA kabajAnA pradezamAM sAmela hatuM. mahamUda Anu' ja vera levAne gujarAtamAM AnyA. 2. bIjI vAta evI che ke karaNe kahyuM ke madirAnI jAgIronI sadhaLI Avaka bhImadevanI che te e lai le.

Page #163
hiMduone samaya [151 cauhANa rAjAe bhImadeva pAse madada mAgI, paraMtu bhImadeve tenI kaMI paravA karI nahi. have mahamUda cAlyo gayo ane ajamerano rAjA visaladeva cauhANa hareka rIte baLavAna ane taiyAra thaI gayo tyAre zAMtithI teNe gujarAta upara humalo karyo. bhImadeve paNa tene sAmane, karyo, paraMtu hArI gayo. Akhare teNe yuddhakharca peTe aveja ane najarANuM ApI ene pAcho vALyo. pAchA pharatI vakhate vIsaladeva rAjAe potAnI phatehanI yAdagIrI tarIke vIsalanagara (vIsanagara)nAmanuM eka gAma vasAvyuM. te ja samayathI solaMkI ane cauhANa khAnadAne vacce adAvatanAM bIja ropAyAM, je Akhara paryata rahI. A rAjA bahAdura, hoziyAra, temaja udAra hato. tenA samayamAM tenA upara eTalI badhI Aphato AvI ke tenI jagyAe koI bIje rAjA hatA te te baradAsa karI zakyA na hatA ane sArI salatanata I beThA hota. paraMtu mahattvAkAMkSA tathA bahAdurIthI teNe lagabhaga pacAsa varSa rAjyanI lagAma potAnA hAthamAM rAkhI. dhanurvidyAmAM kaI tene pahoMcI zake ema na hatuM. cera DAku mATe teNe suMdara vyavasthA karI hatI. paMDitanI te bahu kadara karato hato. tenA rAjamAM vimaLazAha nAmane zAhukAra tene vajIra hato. teNe Abu, delavADA ane ArAsura para maMdira baMdhAvyAM. khuda bhImadeve paNa saMkhyAbaMdha sthaLoe maMdira baMdhAvyAM. bhImadeve eka lagna udayamatI rANI sAthe karyuM hatuM jeNe karaNane janma Apyo hato. e rANIe aNahIlavADamAM eka vAva paNa baMdhAvI hatI, je rANInI vAva nAme oLakhAya che. bhImadevane bIjA be putro hatA temane (1) kSemarAjakhemarAja hatuM. tenI mAnuM nAma bakulAdevI hatuM. kSemarAjane haripALa paNa kahetA hatA. te viSNubhakta hatA. bhImadeve pitAnI hakU 1. hemAcArya kahe che ke eka samaye gujarAtamAM sakhata duSkALa paDayo. kisAnone rAjAnI Upajane bhAga na ApavAnA gunA mATe giraphatAra karI darabAramAM hAjara karavAmAM AvyA. te vakhate khuza thaIne bhImadevane rAja

Page #164
15ra ] gujarAtano ItihAsa matanA AkharI bhAgamAM IcchA karI ke takhta upara kSemarAjane besADI khuda IzvarabhaktimAM pitAnuM jIvana gujAruM, paraMtu kSemarAje te nAkabUla karI pitA sAthe rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM. lAcAra thaI bhIme karaNane takhtanazIna karyo. rAjA karaNa solaMkIH-I. sa. 1072 thI I. sa. 1094 (hi. sa. 465-487). rAjA karaNe pitAnA bApadAdA taraphano vAraso prApta karI tamAma baMDakherene dabAvI dhaMdhukA ane AzApallI (asAvala)ne koLI rAjAne harAvI tAbe karyo. e vAta paNa yAda rAkhavI joIe ke musalamAnoe gujarAtane kabaje lIdho tyAre sapATa pradeza teonI hakUmatamAM rahyo ane pahADI mulaka upara lAMbA arasA paryata IDara, cAMpAnera (cAMpAnagara), seraTha (jUnAgaDha) vigerenA rAjAoe rAjya karyuM. A pahADI rAjAe IslAmI saltanatane satAvavAne kAI paNa moke hAthamAMthI javA detA nahi. mahamada begaDAe ghaNI koziza karI A kAMTAne pitAnI pAMsaLImAMthI kahetA hatA ke kaMI mAMge, teNe kahyuM A kheDUtone mApha kare. teone mApha karavAmAM AvyA, bhImadevanI nAmanA thaI; paraMtu asesa ke te jaladI marI gaye. bIje varase varasAda puSkaLa paDaye ane anAja khUba pAkayuM. kheDUte baMne sAlanI UpajanA hissA sAthe laI AvyA; paraMtu rAjAe agAunI sAlanuM mahesUla levAnI nA pADI. reyate te levAne Agraha karyo ane rAjA ekano be na thayo. Akhare ema nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM ke te AmadAnIthI mULarAjanI yAdagIrImAM eka maMdira baMdhAvavAmAM Ave. dilamAM dukha thayuM. AMsuthI AMkho bharAI AvI; beThAM beThAM khudA jANe A zuM yAda AvyuM. gujarAtamAM te paNa eka jamAno hato ane ApaNe paNa eka jamAne 7i. sa. 1930 (hi. sa. 1349) jyAre vaicata muphalisa, kaMgALa ane duSkALapIDita thaI jAya che. paraMtu amaladAre dukALa gaNatA nathI. gharanAM vAsaNo vecI mahesUla adA karavuM paDe che

Page #165
hiMduone samaya [153 kADhyo. aNahIlavADanI hakUmatanI lagabhaga AvI sthiti karaNa rAjAnA samaya sudhI hatI. sapATa pradeza upara solaMkI khAnadAna rAjya karatuM hatuM, paraMtu pahADI ilAkA sAmAnya rIte bhIla ane keLIonA kabajAmAM hatA. teonuM kAma lekene vakhatovakhata lUMTamAra karI satAvavAnuM hatuM. karaNa pahelo ja zamsa hato jene khabara paDI ke teonuM A pramANe rahevuM bhayathI mukta nathI. asAvala jenuM asalI nAma "AzApallI" hatuM te A samaye kendra thaI gayuM hatuM, tene teNe jItI lIdhuM ane tyAM karNAvatI nAmathI eka nagara vasAvyuM. je hAlanA amadAvAdanI dakSiNa bAjue hatuM. tyArapachI tamAma AvA lakAnAM kendrita sthaLone nAza karI salatanatane majabUta ane bhayamukta karI. pATaNanI dakSiNa bAjue moDherA pAse "karaNasAgara' nAmanuM eka taLAva baMdhAvI saMkhyAbaMdha maMdira banAvyAM. moDha brAhmaNa ane moDha vANiyA tyAMthI ja AvelA che. teNe giranAra para paNa eka maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM je adyApi paNa che. teNe dakSiNamAM AvelA caMdrapuranA rAjAnI putrI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM, jenuM nAma mInaLadevI hatuM. teNe siddharAjane janma Apyo. te samaye karaNa viSNunI pUjA karavAne IMdrapura gayo te vakhate tenI gerahAjarImAM 1. e asAvala hAlanA jamAlapurane sthAne hatuM; karNAvatInA vistAra mAM "asAvala' uparAMta kocaraba-pAlaDIne vistAra paNa AvI jato hato. 2. mInaLadevInA lagna vizeno banAva "tArIkhe gujarAta " pR. 161mAM ajAyabI bharelI rIte dhyAna karavAmAM Avelo che. karaNa tenA mahelamAM hato te vakhate daravAne khabara ApI ke eka citrakAra darabAra-pravezanI rajA mAge che. paravAnagI maLatAM te hAjara thayo. teNe judI judI jAtanAM citro batAvyAM, jemAM eka kuMvArI khUbasUrata chokarInI tasvIra hatI tenA upara pasaMdagI UtarI. tapAsa karatAM mAlUma paDayuM ke te dakSiNamAM AvelA caMdrapuranA rAjA jayakezInI kuMvarInI che jenuM nAma mInaLadevI che. citrakAre kahyuM ke eNe Aja paryata keInI sAthe vivAha pasaMda karyo nathI. paraMtu ApanI tasvIra joI ApanI sAthe varavAnI IcchA rAkhe che tethI tenA bApanI

Page #166
154 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa zAhI khAnadAnamAM TaMTe thayo ane karaNane mAmo madanapALa hakUmatanI saMbhALa le evI rItane AkharI pheMsale Avya, I. sa. 2094 (hi. sa.487) mAM rAjA potAnA putrane bALavayamAM mUkI maraNa pAmyo. siddharAja jayaMsiha -I. sa. 1094 thI I. sa. 1143 (hi. sa487-38). siddharAjanuM asala nAma jayasiMha hatuM. I. sa. 1091 (hi. sa. 484) mAM pAlaNapuramAM tene janma thayo hato. eno bApa karaNa maraNa pAmyo tyAre e phakta traNa varasano hato. te ja umare siddharAja takhtanazIna thayo; paraMtu rAjyanI lagAma karaNanA mAmA madanapALanA hAthamAM rahI. teNe ati julama ane sitama karI aMdhera calAvyuM ane lIlA nAmanA eka rAjavaidyanI pAsethI rUpiyA chInavI lIdhA, tethI lekAe tene mArI nAkhyo ane rAjyanI lagAma tenI mA mInaLadevInA hAthamAM AvI. te ati cAlAka ane heziyAra hatI. teNe saltanatanuM suMdara rakSaNa karyuM. teNe lokakalyANanAM ghaNuM kAma karI raiyatane prema chatyo. tenA be vajIre paravAnagIthI ApanI pAse payagAma lAvyo chuM. tyArapachI ghaNI bakSize najarANumAM arpaNa karelI svIkArI karaNe lagna karyuM. chokarI aNahIlavADa AvI pahoMcI tyAre karaNane te badasUrata lAgatAM tenI sAthe saMsAra mAMDa nahi; AthI mInaLadevI temaja tenAM sagAMvahAlAMne bahu duHkha thayuM ane te AtmahatyA karavA tatpara thaI. karaNe A vAtanI paNa paravA na karI. karmasaMge eka gAnatAna karanArI nadI upara rAjA Azaka thaI gayo ane mInaLadevIne tenI jANa thaI, te vakhata sudhI takhtavAsa mATe karaNane kaMI saMtAna na hatuM AthI vajIre ane amIranI mInaLadevI tarapha hamadada hatI. sarvee maLI eka yukti racI ane meka upara pitAnI jagyAe mInaLadevIne javA devI ema nAcanArI chokarIne samajAvI; muMjAla nAmanA pradhAnanI cAlAkIthI A kAma khUbIthI khatama thayuM ane eMdhANI tarIke eka vIMTI rAjA pAsethI laI lIdhI. mInaLadevI sagarbhA thai hatI.. teNe siddharAjane janma Apyo.

Page #167
hiMduone samaya [ 155 sAMdu ane muMjAla tenA uttama salAhakAra hatA. viramagAmamAM manasara ke (munasara) ane dhoLakAmAM "malAva" (mInaLasara) nAmanAM taLAva teNe baMdhAvyAM hatAM. jyAre teNe malAva taLAva mATe jamIna kharIdavA mAMDI tyAre te sthaLanI vacce eka strInI mAlikInI jamIna hatI je teNe vecavAno InkAra karyo; AthI rANue tenI marajI viruddha te jamIna kharIdI nahi, ane taLAva rAMTuM banAvyuM. baLajabarIthI hAsila karavAnuM teNe pasaMda karyuM nahi. siddharAja umaralAyaka thayo tyAre satanatanI vyavasthA paMDe karavA lAgyo. eka vakhata mInaLadevI somanAtha jAtrA karavA nIkaLI. dhoLakAthI vIsa mAIla upara. "bholAda" che. jyAre tyAM pahoMcI tyAre tene mAluma paDyuM ke keTalAka leke pAchA jAya che. tapAsa karatAM jaNAyuM ke tyAM jAtrALu. pAsethI vere levAte hato, ane te na Ape to temane pAchA kADhavAmAM AvatA hatA; AthI tene khoTuM lAgyuM. tyAMthI satvara ghere. pAchI AvI. siddharAja te tarapha jatAM rastAmAM tene maLyo. siddharAje pAchA pharavAnuM kAraNa pUchayuM. rANIe javAba Apyo ke jyAM sudhI jAtrALuo pAseno vere mApha thaze nahi tyAM sudhI khorAka khAIza nahi. jAtrALuonA verAnI vArSika Avaka 72 lAkha (rUpAnA sikkA) hatI. AvI mahAna rakamanI khoTano khyAla karyA vagara rAjAe kahyuM ke tamArA kAraNane laIne dhArmika pharaja adA karavA mATe A vere. huM mApha karuM chuM. te pachI mInaLadevI jAtrA karavA gaI. A uparathI lokakalyANa mATenI tenI bhAvanAno khyAla Ave che. eka vakhate 1 tArIkhe gujarAta pR. 166 upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke A jamIna eka darabArInI hatI. tenuM nahi vecavAnuM kAraNa phakta e hatuM ke rANa taLAva banAvIne pitAnuM nAma amara karaze tenI sAthe mArA inakAranI paNa jAherAta thaze. 2. A vAta vize "tArIkhe gujarAta"ne kartA A pramANe ullekha kare che ke mInaLadevI dakSiNathI nIkaLI tyAre narmadA nadInI pAse bAlAghATa

Page #168
mApha karyo. 156] gujarAtano ItihAsa tenI mA sAthe te paryaTana mATe nIkaLe tyAre mALavAnA rAjAe makkAne lAbha laI gujarAta upara humalo karyo. tene vachara sAMtue najarANuM ApI tene vidAya karyo. A vAta siddharAjane pasaMda na paDI ane tene mukAbalo upara eka pUjArIe tenI pAsethI evI mAgaNI karI hatI ke semezvara maMdiranA jAtrALuo pAsethI je vere vasUla karavAmAM Ave che te mApha karo. AthI A vAyado vaphA karavAne rANuM siddharAjane sAthe laIne jovA mATe gaI ane jAtrALuonI takalIpha joI tenA dila upara asara thaI ane vere * 1. tArIkhe gujarAta pR0 167 upara ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che ke eka vakhata keIe mALavAnI eDa (ke uDa) komanI eka jasamA nAmanI strInI khUbasUratInI ghaNI tArIpha karI. siddharAje tene meLavavAnI ghaNuM kaziza karI, paraMtu kAmiyAba na thayo. sahastraliMga taLAva baMdhAtuM hatuM tyAre teNe potAnA bhatrIjA ToDaramalane, mALavA e icchAthI mekalyo ke eDa komanA majUre sAthe jasamAne paNa e bahAne lAvavI. AthI te potAnA dhaNI ane sagAMvahAlAMo sAthe AvI. e kemanAM tamAma mANasone zaheranI bahAra rahevAno hukama karavAmAM Avyo ane jasamAne mahelamAM rahevAne pharamAvavAmAM AvyuM. teNe mahelamAM javAno ema kahIne InkAra karyo ke mahelamAM to rANuo rahe che, amAre garIbo mATe te jhuMpaDI basa che. harareja rAjA taLAva jevAne bahAne Avato ane jasamAnI khUbasUratI nihALato. chokarIne takalIpha thAya ema kahI vadhAre boja uThAvavAnI nA pADatA. te kahetI ke mane to kaMI takalIpha nathI; chokaruM jhaLamAM che tene AvatAM jatAM halAvI mUkuM chuM Akhare taLAva pUruM thayuM. lokone majUrI ApI ravAnA karyA paraMtu jasamAne majUrI ApavAmAM na AvI ane kahevAmAM AvyuM ke dhIme dhIme ApavAmAM Avaze. (ane bahudhA tenA upara dekharekha rAkhavA paNa mAMDI hatI.) paraMtu jasamA cUpakIthI nAsI chUTI. siddharAjane A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre te ghoDA upara savAra thaIne tenI pachavADe paDe. teNe tenI kAmanAM ghaNuM mANasonI katala karI. jasamAne A vAtanI khabara paDatAM khaMjarathI ApaghAta karyo. (bahudhA tene dhaNuM paNa mAryo gayo haze. huM dhAruM chuM A loko mALavAnA vatanI hatA tevI mALavAnA rAjAe

Page #169
hiMduonA samaya [ 157 karavA mATe taiyArI zarU karI. te samaye sahasraliMga nAmanuM eka taLAva pATaNanI najIka baMdhAvyuM, je sAthe eka maMdira paNa taiyAra karAvyuM. rudramALa jene pAye! mULarAje nAkhyA hatA te teNe pUruM karAvyuM. tenA cAra thAMbhalA adyApi paNa siddhapuramAM mAjIda che. vALAka jillAmAM teNe lagabhaga ekaseA gAma brAhmaNeAne dAnamAM ApyAM. khara nAmanA eka saradAra mleccha ( ghaNuM karIne bhIla ke kALI haze.) brAhmaNeAne bahu satAvatA hatA tenI sAthe laDI tene harAvyo. brAhmaNeAnI mAgaNIthI temane tyAMthI pAchA kheAlAvI amadAvAdanI pAsenI jamIna bakSiza karavAmAM AvI. A daramiyAna mALavAnI laDAi mATe kharAkhara taiyArI karatA rahyo ane hareka rIte zAMti thatAM teNe mALavA upara caDAI karI. yAvamAM (mALavAnA rAjA) bAra varasa paryaMta laDatA rahyo. Akhare te hAryAM ane kuda karI tene pATaNamAM lAvavAmAM Avye. siddharAje A kRtenI khuzImAM eka mahAna jalasA Ujavyo ane aNahIlavADa pATaNanuM pAyatakhta badalI siddhapuramAM laI AvyeA. seAraThamAM eka kuMbhArane tyAM rANakadevI nAmanI eka khUbasUrata pAlita kanyA hatI. siddharAjane jyAre khabara paDI tyAre tenI sAthe lagna karavAnA tenA vicAra thayA; AthI tenI sAthe vivAha nakkI karyAM. lagna thAya te pahelAM jUnAgaDhanA rAjA rA'kheMgAra tene paraNI meThA ane tene junAgaDha laI gayA. siddharAja nArAja thayA ane bahu krodhe bharAyA. teNe satvara sAraTha upara humalA karyAM. A laDAI 12 varasa jArI rahI. ane jyAre phatehanI AzA na rahI tyAre siddharAje rA'kheMgAranA bhANeja dezaLane cAlAkIthI phADI peAtAnA karI lIdheA. Ama gharanA bhAmiyA hAtha lAgatAM siddharAjane phateha maLA ane sAraDanA rAjA mAryAM gayA. tenA be kumaLI vayanA gujarAta upara humaleA karyA haze ane pachIthI A prema kissAmAM nAsIpAsa thavAthI mALavA jItI tenA vinAza karavA siddharAja taiyAra thayA haze.)

Page #170
158 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa bALakone paNa siddharAje mArI nAkhyA ane rANI sAthe lagna karavAnI keziza karI, paraMtu temAM phatehamaMda na thayuM. te vaDhavANa AvI satI thaI. saurASTra jItyA bAda kaccha paNa teNe tAbe karyuM. (bahudhA kacchanA rAjAe paNa seraThane sAtha Apyo haze). vanarAja cAvaDAnA vajIra cAMpAnA khAnadAnamAMthI eka sajajana nAmanA zakhsane siddharAje soraThane sUbe banAvyo ane tenI suMdara vyavasthA jeDI zetrujAne pavitra pradeza paNa tene havAle karyo. gujarAtanA uttaranA pradeze eTale ke "acalezvara" ane "caMdrAvatI "nA paramAra rAjAne paNa zaraNe lAvavAmAM Avyo. burahAnapura paNa tenI hakUmata nIce AvyuM. budelakhaMDanA rAjA madanavarmA upara caDAI karI tene harAvyuM ane vAstavika najarANuM laI Avyo. dakSiNamAM kelApura (kolhApura) vagerenA rAjAo upara paNa tene prabhAva paDatA hatA. siddharAja nasIbavAna ane sakhI rAjA hato. e dhArmika hatuM, chatAM paNa teNe hareka dharmanA leke sAthe chUTachATa rAkhI ane tamAma loko tene cAhatA hatA. dakSiNamAM AvelA karNATakane eka digaMbara jaina vidvAna nAme kumudacaMdra hato te 80 vAdavivAdamAM vijayI thaI cukyo hatA, te A samaye gujarAtamAM Avyo tyAre hiMdu ane jeno vacce vAdavivAda cAlyA karato hato. jenA baMne pakSa digaMbara ane vetAMbara ApasamAM ekabIjAnI viruddha hatA. siddharAja ane mInaLadevIe tenI barAbara saMbhALa rAkhI. kumudacaMdrane mukAbalo karavAne devasUri ane hemAcArya darabAramAM AvyA ane vAdavivAda zarU thayo. kumudacaMdra pitAnA vatananA hovAthI mInaLadevIe zarUAtamAM tenI himAyata karI. paraMtu hemAcAryo jyAre tene batAvyuM ke A mANasa mAne che ke strIone mukti maLI zakatI nathI, tyAre te khAmoza rahI. aphasosa ke kumudacaMdra vAdavivAdamAM hAryo. hemAcArya vakhate vakhata siddharAjane dharmanI vAta saMbhaLAvatA ane uttama salAha ApatA. 1. A rAjAo upara humalA karavAnAM kAraNe jANavAmAM AvyAM nathI.

Page #171
hiMduone samaya [159 siddharAja gujarAtamAM kaLAmaya ImArata tathA mahelo baMdhAvyA. bharUcanA killAnI marAmata karAvI, ane joIne kille teNe taiyAra karAvyA; ThekaThekANe kUvA taLAvo khodAvyAM. raiyatanAM sukha duHkha nihALavA rAte chupAIne nagaracarcA mATe nIkaLate. siddhapura najIka UMjhA nAmanA kasabAmAM mALavAthI pAchA pharatAM mukAma karyo tyAre jAtrALane pozAka paherI rAtre pharyo. tene saMtAna na hovAthI leke bahu dilagIra hatA. A saguNo hovA chatAM keTalAka durguNe paNa tenAmAM hatA; jemake bhagavAnalAla pitAnA gujarAtanA itihAsamAM bIjA graMthakAranA AdhAre lakhe che ke saddaguNI rAjA hovA chatAM te vyabhicArI hato ane brAhmaNanI strIone paNa te choDato na hato. keTalAka hiMdu kavioe enA vize kharAba lakhyuM che. Asare pacAsa varSa hakUmata karI I. sa. 1143 (hi. sa. 538)mAM A duniyAmAMthI paraduniyA tarapha kUca karI gaye. . maulAnA abdula alI siphI nAmanA IsmAIlI (jenA uparathI kitAbanuM nAma che.) pracAraka (avasAna jhulkAdA vi. sa. 1232 I. sa. 1816) pitAnI kitAba majAlise saphiyA (racanA hi. sa. 1224, I.sa.1809)mAM navamI majilasamAM jaNAve che ke Adama bina jhakimuddIne jaNAvyuM che ke mustansira bilAhe (phAtamI khalIphA misara) abdullAha ane ahamada nAmanA be misarIne yamananA pracAraka pAse evA IrAdAthI mokalyo ke tenI pAsethI hindustAnamAM pracArakAryanuM kAma laI zakAya. te baMne tyAMthI nIkaLI yamanathI sUcanA laI khaMbhAtamAM AvyA. 1. khaMbhAta arabI bhASAmAM aMbAyata paNa kahevAya che. ane Ane lIdhe ja keTalAka lokonA nAma sAthe "aMbAtI" zabda Ave che. "subahula AzAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke hiMdI mahAsAgaranA kinArA upara eka moTuM zahera che je bIjA bhAga (arthAt duniyAnA sAta bhAgamAMnA eka)mAM AveluM che. te 99deg 20' rekhAMza ane 22deg 20' akSAMza upara che. A zahera malabAranI pazcima dizAmAM eka evA akhAtamAM AveluM che ke tene

Page #172
160] gujarAtano itihAsa te samaye ahIMne rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha nAmane rajapUta hato. rasto traNa divasa jeTalo cheTo che. te eka khUbasUrata zahera che ane siriyA (zAma)mAM AvelA mearA" zaherathI moTuM che. ahIMnI imArato sAmAnya rIte ITanI che. alabatta bAgo tyAM kama che. bhA. 5mo pR0 70 misara. mArkopolo tenA sapharanAmAmAM jaNAve che ke A muzkanI pazcima dizAe khaMbhAta che, tyAMnA vatanI murtipUjake che ane boddha dharma pALe che. temanI bhASA judI ja che ane temane rAjA svataMtra che. dhruvane tAre tyAMthI sArI rIte dekhAya che. e pradezamAM vepAra suMdara cAle che ane gaLI vadhu pramANamAM pedA thAya che, ane rU bIjA dezamAM ahIMthI bahu jAya che. ahIM cAmaDAne vepAra paNa khUba cAle che. ahIM cAmaDuM suMdara rIte keLavavAmAM Ave che ane raMgAya che. ahIM paradezI vepArIo cAMdI, tAMbuM ane morathUthu lAve che. e zahera u"thI 202 ane amadAvAdathI para mAila para che. tenI vastI 40000 (have te ghaNuM vadhI gaI haze) jeTalI che. e zaheranI jAme masjida sulatAna mohammada tagalanA jamAnAnI banelI che. mukhya daravAjA upara "nyAyI ane vidvAna sultAna mahammadazA bina tagalakazAhanA jamAnAmAM" lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. tenI cAre tarapha sAyabAna che. te dhUmaTavALI eka majalAnI imArata che. hareka bAjUe ghUmaTonI saMkhyA nava che. pazcima dizA tarapha tevI saMkhyA bamaNa che. kampAunDamAM Avela hoja alI bina abduna nabI bagadAdIe hi. sa. 1030 mAM taiyAra karAvyo hato. masjidanI dakSiNa dizAmAM jaDe ja keTalIka kabara che. eka upara "rakanuda delatevaddIna umara bina ahamada gAjarUnI.............budhavAra, 9 saphara hi. sa. 734" lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. eka bIjI kabara upara "hasana galAnInI strI bIbI phAtamA hi. sa. 783" che. eka upara "zaraphuddIna ehamada bina mehammada hi, sa. 698" che. AvI rIte umara bina sAduddIna hi. sa. 698 che. huM ghaNI vakhata A zaheramAM gayo chuM. hAlanI verAna hAlata joI mane Azcarya thAya che. hareka jagyAe dvAra ane dIvAlo upara zokanI chAyA mAluma paDe che. mustaksira bilAha (khulaphAe phAtamInamAMthI)nA jamAnAmAM maulAe ahamada pracArakArya mATe ahIM AvyA hatA temanI kabara sunnIonA kabrastAnamAM AvelI adyApi paNa Ama lokonI jhiyAratagahi che. samudranI najIka kAkA akelA ane kAkI akelInI kabara che. dAudI vaherA tyAM jhiyArata mATe jAya che.

Page #173
hiMduAnA samaya [ 161 * tr te IslAmanA kaTTo virodhI hatA. musalamAna hAtha lAgate te tenI katala karatA. tenuM pAyatakhta aNuhIlavADamAM hatuM. tenA vajIranuM nAma bhAramala hatuM. TUMkamAM abdullAha yamanathI hiMdI skhAna zIkhI hiMdustAnanA kinArA upara UtaryAM. meAtanA bhayathI bAgAmAM chupAI rahyo. eka dina eka puruSa ane eka strIne kAma karatAM joyAM. abdullAhe tyAM jaI temanI pAse pIvAnuM pANI mAgyuM. temane javAba maLyA ke keTalAka divasa pahelAM A jagyAe eka kUvA hatA jemAMthI leAkeA pANI pItA hatA, para Mtu have te sukAI gayA che. abdullAe kahyu ThIka, mane kUvA khatAvA, " aMtee kahyu, "tenuM tame zuM karA? juo, A rahyo te kUve. zuM temAMthI tame pANI kADhI zakazA ! " abdullAhe kahyuM, "huM teA kaMI karI zakatA nathI, paraMtu mArA khudAnA hAcamAM hareka vastu che, te je cAhe te kare che, tenA hukama rada thatA nathI. khudA jo A kUvAmAMthI pANI kADhe tA tame musalamAna thaI jaze?" temaNe javAba ApyA, "hA." abdullAha kUvAmAM UtaryAM ane eka bhAlA mAryAM AthI eka jharaNu nIkaLyuM ane te bahAra nIkaLI AvyA. dhIme dhIme pANI eTaluM badhu thaI gayuM ke te UbharAvA mAMDayuM. pANInI A hAlata joI ane musalamAna thaI gayAM. puruSane kAkA akelA ane strIne kAkI kelI kahe che. e baMne abdullAhanAM sevA ane rakSaNa potAnA dharamAM karatAM hatAM, ane hiMdI (bahudhA gujarAnI bhASA yAteA gujarAtanI apabhraMza haze.) paNa tene zIkhavatAM hatAM. jyAre temane A khAnadAna mATe premabhAva thaI gayA ane vizvAsa lAgyA tyAre teNe potAnI vAta khullI karI ke " mane ahIM islAma arthAt ismAilI dharmAMnA pracArakAya mATe meAkalavAmAM AvyA che. tethI mArI icchA che ke huM jaldI kAma adA karuM. A bAbatamAM tamArI zI salAha che?" temaNe kahyuM, " sAcI phateha teA tamane kAI hiMdu rAjA musalamAna thaI jAya tyAre ja maLI zake; paraMtu A mulkamAM pracArakonuM kAma 11

Page #174
162] gujarAtano itihAsa uttama rIte karavA mATe rAjAnA vajIra bhAramalane kAbUmAM levo joIe.. bhAramala mahAdevanI jAtrA arthe mahinAmAM eka vakhata Ave che. tyAM eka pUjArImAM tene gADha vizvAsa che ane bacapaNathI ja tene mAnamartabo jALave che. je te musalamAna thaI jAya te sarva kAma sugama che." abdullAha A salAha mujaba A maMdire gayo. teNe joyuM ke te chokarAMne akSara oLakhAvato hato; te akSara mULAkSara hatA. - zekha abdullAhe kahyuM, "paMDitajI, A eka AzcaryanI vAta che ke Apa eka akSara zIkhavatAM cAra akSarano avAja kADhe che." paMDitajIne A sAMbhaLI acaMbo thayo ane kharI vastusthiti pUchI. teNe bAjue javAno IzAro karyo. jyAre ekAMtamAM gayA tyAre teNe evI rIte vAta karI ke paMDitanuM valaNa tenA tarapha thayuM. te tenA hAtha upara Avyo tyAre potAnI chAnI vAta tenI AgaLa ughADI karIne kahyuM, "juo! (tame eka akSara lakho cho "ka" ane bole che " kakko" e traNe akSara "ka" che ane tenA pachI "e" have temAM pahelA be "ka" asala AtmArUpa che. ane te eka tatvamAMthI che je akala che, trIje "ka" ane "e" asala deharUpa che. ane baMne vacce eka bAjuethI aMtara che ane baMnemAMthI hareka svara sAthe uccarAya che ane trIje svara vagara acaLa che. A batAve che ke baMnemAMthI eka phAyado uThAve che ane bIjo phAyado Ape che.)" A jAtanI carcA cAlu rahI. Akhare paMDita musalamAna thaye ane abdullAhe tenI pAse rahI zikSaNa ApyuM ane tene samajAvyo ke koI paNa rIte tAre bhAramalane rAha upara lAve. paMDita A mATe keziza karato rahyo; eTale sudhI ke bhAramala jyAre ekAMtamAM hoya tyAre mUrtinA doSe khyAna karata ane islAmanI prazaMsA karate. eTale sudhI ke eka vakhata bhAramale kahyuM ke tame sApha sApha kema nathI kahetA ke "tame saMzodhanathI IralAmanI satyatA jANI lIdhI che. paraMtu jo tame musalamAna thaI gayA ho to to huM paNa

Page #175
hiMduono samaya '[ 163 tamArI sAthe ja chuM." tyAre paMDite potAnI temaja abdullAha vizenI sarva hakIkata kahI saMbhaLAvI. bhAramala musalamAna thaI gayo ane saMtAIne namAjha paDhato, ane pATaNa (aNahIlavADa)thI khaMbhAta Avata jato raheto. raphate raphate tene nakara jANI gayo ane rAjA siddharAja jayasiMhane A vAta kahI dIdhI. teNe kahyuM ke je huM pite mArI AMkhe tene namAjha paDhato jouM to jarUra ene sajA karuM. pachI nakara A takamAM rahyo. eka divasa te namAjha paDhato hato tyAre rAjAne belAvI lAvyo. bhAramalane namAjhathI phArega thatAM ja rAjAnA AgamananI khabara paDI. teNe turata ja UThIne salAma karI. rAjAe pUchyuM, "tame zuM karatA hatA ?" teNe kahyuM, "e evI bAbata na hatI ke ApanI viruddha mArA vize kahevAmAM AvI che. paraMtu mArI peTI pAse eka sApa hato je Ubho thaIne, vAMko vaLIne temaja jamIna upara zira rAkhI che chatAM te maLe nahi." peTI uThAvI sApanI talAza karavAno hukama rAjAe karyo. ekAeka nIcethI sApa nIkaLI Avyo. rAjAe cugalIkhorane sajA karI. khaMbhAtanA maMdiramAM eka hAthI hatA te addhara laTakato hato. sarvanI tenA tarapha mAnavRtti hatI. rAjA paNa hareka sAla eka vakhata tyAM Avato hato. rAjA Avyo tyAre abdullAhe paMDitane kahyuM ke rAjAne kaho ke "rAtre hAthIe mane kahyuM: lAMbA samayathI addhara Ubho rahetAM huM thAkI gayo chuM. mArI IcchA che ke eka paga jamIna upara rAkhuM." A sAMbhaLI rAjA heratamaMda thaye. abdullAhe rAtre jANI lIdhuM hatuM ke A leDhAne hAthI lohacuMbakane laI addhara rahe che. tethI eka paga najIkanuM loha-- cuMbaka kADhI lIdhuM. hAthIe eka paga jamIna upara rAkhI dIdho. savAre A khabara janatAmAM phelAtAM leke jovA AvyAM ane A sAMbhaLI rAjA bahu dilagIra thayo. bIje divase brAhmaNa paMDitanI mAraphata bIje paga ane trIje ane cothe divase trIjA ane cotho paga jamIna upara rAkhyAnI khabara rAjAne pahoMcADavAmAM AvI.

Page #176
164] gujarAtane itihAsa tene ati Azcarya lAgyuM. pachIthI keIe rAjAne khabara ApI ke, paMDita keI arabanI mAraphata musalamAna thaI gayo che, je tenI sAthe ja rahe che. A baMnee maLIne hAthInI A hAlata karI che. A sAMbhaLI rAjA koSe bharAyo ane baMnene giraphatAra karavAne hukama karyo. abdullAha sIDI para AvI beThe ane AtmarakSaNanI duA paDhavA mAMDyo. sipAIo AvyA paNa pakaDI zakyo nahi ane nAsI chuTayA. rAjAne A vAtanI khabara paDI. te khuda Avyo paraMtu tenA paga jakaDAI gayA ane Aga bhabhUkI UThI. rAjAe gabharAIne pazcAttApa karyo ane IslAma dharmane svIkAra karavAnI mAhiza darzAvI. abdullAhe ekI najare joyA karyuM ane rAjA chUTe thayo. tyArapachI abdullAhanI pAse AvI paristhiti pUchI. abdullAhe pUchyuM "agara sauthI moTI mUti jenI tame pUjA kare che te mArI khidamata kare to tame musalamAna thaze?" rAjAe kahyuM, "je najare joIza te. jarUra thaIza. mAro bharoso khudA upara che." ane mUtine saMbodhIne kahyuM, "UTha ane mArI Dala laI taLAvamAMthI pANI bharI lAva. AthI mUti satvara "hAjara thaI" bolatI Dola hAthamAM laI taLAvanuM tamAma pANI bharI lAvI. leke vinaMti karavA lAgyAM ke pANu vagara manuSya ane jAnavara marI jaze. AthI abdullAhanA hukamathI mUti taLAvamAM pAchI pANI reDI AvI ane taLAva bharAI gayuM. zekha abdullAhanI A karAmata joI ghaNuM hiMdu musalamAna thaI gayA. temanI janoInuM vajana eka maNathI paNa vadhAre hatuM. te pachI abdullAha pATaNa game tyAM paNa ghaNA hiMdu musalamAna thayA ane siddhapuranA paNa ghaNA mANaso musalamAna thayA. abdullAhe bhAramalanA putra yAkUbane zikSaNa ApI potAno uttarAdhikArI banAvyo." reyala eziyATika se sAyaTI baMgALA jarnala bhA. 2 pR. 842mAM rAsamALA gujarAtI pR0 415 nA AdhAre lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke "yAkUba nAmane eka misarane vatanI mahimAMhenA

Page #177
hiMduone samaya [165 kajiyAthI kaMTALI hi. sa. 535 (I. sa. 1140)mAM khaMbhAtamAM Avyo. A dharmane te pahele zakha hato. tenA vaDA mulA (saiyadanA) jhaharI (jhubeda) bina musA yamanamAM hatA, misaramAM mustaksira billAha khalIphA (phAtamI) hato ane gujarAtamAM siddharAja jayasiMhanI hakUmata hatI. [itihAsa uparathI sAbita thAya che ke majakUra khalIphA hi. sa. 487 (I. sa. 1094)mAM marI gayo hato. ane teno pautra hAphijhaledInillAha agiyArame khalIphA hi. sa. para4 (I. sa. 1129) thI hi. sa. 544 (I. sa. 1149) paryata hayAta hato.] yAkuba khaMbhAta AvI eka mALIne tyAM rahyo, prathama tene ane tyAra pachI eka brAhmaNanA putrane teNe musalamAna banAvyA. rAjAnA be vajIra bhAramala ane tAramala be bhAI hatA. teo khaMbhAtanA maMdiramAM jatA AvatA hatA, jyAM eka leDhAne hAthI lohacuMbakanA jorathI addhara laTakato hato. yAkUbe brAhmaNa sAthe vArtAlApa karyo ane temAM te chatI gayo, ane lohacuMbaka kADhI laI hAthIne paNa pADI nAkhyo. rAjA ane tenA darabArIo A jAtanI karAmata joI musalamAna thaI gayA, ane bIjAoe paNa tenuM anukaraNa karyuM. tyAra pachI A navamusalamAna sAthe temaNe vahevAra zarU karyo. A vehavAra' (vahevAra)mAMthI evahari ane temAMthI vahorA" nAme oLakhAyA." rAjAnuM nAma to barAbara che. ane e paNa satya che ke te hi. sa. 487 (I. sa. 1094)mAM mojuda hatAparaMtu A varSe te te phakta traNa varasane dUdha pIto tenI mA mInaLadevInI godamAM ramatA jamate hato. vaLI tenA be vajIra "bhAramala" ane "tAramala" nAmanA hatA ja nahi. kharekhara vIradhavaLa vAghelAnA be vachara tejapALa ane vastupALa hatA paraMtu temane eka paNa musalamAna na hatuM. rAjAomAM kumArapALe paradharmane svIkAra karyo hato, paraMtu te jaina hatuM, musalamAna na hatuM. ane siddharAja vize

Page #178
166 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa ra. tamAma tavArIkhanaveze eka matanA che ke te chevaTa sudhI hiMdu rahyo hatA. te musalamAna na hateA ane musalamAnA pratye tene dveSa paNa na hatA. balke tene musalamAne tarapha hamadardI hatI, je ApIe peAtAnI kitAba 'jAmeutavArIkha'mAM lakhelA banAva uparathI sAphasApha jaNAi Ave che.1 ane meM paNa pAkkSA pAnA upara ullekha karyo che. AthI siddharAja vize je kaI A vArtAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che, temAM kahenAranI kharekhara kaIka bhUla che. mArA dhAravA pramANe phakta satyanuM pramANa ATaluM ja haze ke keTalAka leAkeA pracArakA mATe AvyA temaNe lekAmAM pracAra karyAM ane kAmiyAba thayA siddharAja jayasihunA jamAnAmAM eka vakhata eka vepArI nava lAkha rUpiyA eka mANasane tyAM anAmata mUkI marI gayA. pelA mANase tenA putrane te rUpiyA pAchA ApavAnA IrAdA karyAM. tenA putre javAba ApyA ke ameA hisAba kitAba joyA bAda laIzuM. paraMtu daphataramAMthI te rakamaneA patto lAgyA nahi, tethI teNe levAnI nA pADI. amIne (pelA zakhsa) svIkAravAne Agraha karyAM A ghaDabhAMjamAM takarAra thai gaI ane mAmaleA adAlate pahoMcyA. tenI apIla rAjA pAse paheAMcI. teNe baMnenI paristhitithI vAkepha thaI pheMsalA karyAM te mujaba paisAthI sAmAnya janatAnA kalyANa athe eka HH 1, jo ke mAhamada orI ziyA paMthanA hatA tema chatAM sAmAnya musalamAna ane khAsa karIne saiyadonA hAmIo upara jarA paNa julma thayA hAta teA jarUra teneA ullekha karata. 2. A vAtAnI vigata me` tArIkhe kheharA'mAM lakhI che. vAcaka maheramAnI karI temAM joi le. 3. jAmeulahikAyAta-aurI; pR0 89 graMthakAra lakhe che ke leAka kalyANA kAma mATe eka advitIya hu` mahalaka taiyAra karAvyo. A zabdane kharo artha huM paNa samajI zakayA nahi. kAM teA kaMi bhUla haze ke kayAM te kAI gujarAtI zabdanA phArasI banAvelA zabda haze. siddharAjanA bAMdhakAma mAMthI phakta 'rudramALa 'nA maMdiranA bhAvA e paNa hAya.

Page #179
hiMduone samaya [167 advitIya makAna baMdhAvyuM. te adyApi (mohammada ephInA samaye paryata) mejuda che." oNphIe siddharAja vize eka bIjA banAvane ullekha karyo che. te jaNAve che ke "naharavAlAmAM jayasiMha nAmane tenA samakAlInomAM mahAna rAjA hatA. ane tenI pahelAM gujarAtamAM temaja naharavAlAmAM tenA jevo keAI rAjA na hato, ane keIe rAjA hovAno dAvo paNa karyo na hato. (bahudhA ophIne kahevAne bhAvArtha mahArAjA zahenazAha hevAna keIe dAvo karyo na hato ema haze.) jyAre duniyAmAM judA judA bhAgamAM te vizenI khabara paDI tyAre hiMdanA mahAna rAjAe eka elacI tenI pAse mokalI puchAvyuM ke Aja paryata keAI gujarAtano rAjA (zahenazAha) thaye ja nathI. tame kema e dAvo karyo ? je e tame na choDaze te eka jhabaradasta lazkara laI gujarAta verAna karIza. jayasiMhe elacInI khAtara baradAsta karI ane eka suMdara jagyA upara utAro Apyo. eka rAtre rAjA eka sipAIno paheraveza paherIne bahAra nIkaLI AvyuM ane eka vezyAnA ghera pahoMcyo. jyAre rAta paDI ane te sUI gaI tyAre tenAM kapaDAM corI laI eka khADAmAM dATI dIdhAM. pAchA pharatI vakhate rastAmAM eka vaNakara maLyo je kapaDAM vaNato hatuM, tene corInuM tahomata pitAne mAthe vahoravAne samajAvyo, ane kahyuM ke je kAma tame pAra utArazo te tamane koIpaNa jAtanI takalIpha raheze nahi ane InAma maLaze. bIje divase rAjA hAthI upara savAra thaIne elacIo sAthe nIkaLI jaMgala tarapha cAlyo. teNe rastAmAM joyuM ke te ja strI eka sipAI pAsethI kapaDAMnI mAgaNI karatI hatI. tene bolAvIne pUchaparacha karI. sipAIe kahyuM ke e kahe che ke huM sUI gaI hatI tyAre tame mArAM kapaDAM laI gayA. huM te gharathI bahAra gayo ja nathI. rAjAe kahyuM, rakSaNa karavAnuM kAma tamAruM che ane tame e pharaja adA karI nathI, tethI tamAre ene aveja Apavo joIe. sipAIe eka aThavADiyAnI mahetala mATe

Page #180
168] gujarAtano itihAsa vinaMti karI. rAjAe kahyuM, "nahi; atyAre ja cArane hAjara kare. nahite bIjA mATe cetavaNI rUpa thAya evI sajA daIza." sipAIe kahyuM, "te te lAcAra chuM" rAjAe kahyuM ke zuM tArI IcchA evI che ke huM hAjara karuM?" teNe kahyuM. "hA, cha." napharavAlAmAM eka kALI mUrti hatI. rAjAe tenI pAse jaI kahyuM, "rAtre phalANI strInAM kapaDAM corAI gayAM che; tame batAve ke te kyAM che. keTaloka vakhata thobhyA bAda teNe kahyuM ke phalANu jagyAe te daTAyelAM che, ane pachI te sthAnanuM nizAna batAvyuM. leke kADhI lAvyA. sipAIe vinaMti karI kahyuM ke "hajara lakSamAM le te corane paNa patto lAgI jaya, jethI tene yogya sajA thAya." rAjAe kahyuM ke "kALI mUrti kahe che ke tamAro mAla maLI gayo. have ceranI zI jarUra ?" sipAIe ati lAcArIthI Agraha karyo ke "hajUra, corane to batAvo ja." rAjAe kahyuM ke kALI mUrti kahe che ke je tenI sahIsalAmatI hoya te batAvuM. sipAIe te bAbatanuM vacana ApyuM. AthI kALI mUrtie vaNakarano patto Ave, jyAre tene darabAramAM lAvavAmAM Avyo tyAre teNe InkAra karyA pachI kabUla karyuM. hiMdanA rAjAnA elacIoe A sthiti joI to dilamAM dhAstI lAgI. jayasiMhe kahyuM ke joyuM ? tamArA rAjAne kahe ke je huM dhAruM te satvara tamAruM mAthuM kApI maMgAvI zakuM chuM. paraMtu tame paNa eka rAjA cho ane tamAruM rAjya dUra che, tethI evI IcchA rAkhato nathI. paraMtu have pachI kaMI anicchita kArya karazo te tene anjAma tamAre jarUra ja anubhavo paDaze. elacIe A sarva vAta pitAnA rAjAnI AgaLa karI tyAre te DarI gayo ane pachI InAma temaja bakSiza jayasiMhanA upara mokalyAM. khUnarejhI vagara siddharAjanI IcchA pAra paDI." siddharAja khUbasUrata juvAna hatA, catura ane svabhAve narama 1. jAme hala hikArAta-mahammada raphI-hastalikhita, pR. 44.

Page #181
hiMduone samaya [169 hato, paraMtu AbarUne bahu bhUkhyo hato. musalamAnanA hiMda upara humalA jArI rahyA tethI siddharAjane thayuM ke musalamAne kadAca A bAju AvI caDe, tethI musalamAna sAthe teNe sAruM vartana rAkhyuM. ane tenA saddabhAgye musalamAne te samaya daramiyAna tarapha lakSa paNa na ApyuM. hiMdu rAjAomAM te megala saltanatanA auraMgajebanI jema solaMkI vaMzane camakadAra hIra hatuM. tenA samayamAM selaMkI vaMza unnatinA zikhare pahoMcyo, ane tenA pachI kismatanA jhADamAM paDatInA kIDA lAgavA zarU thayA. kumArapALa selaMkIH- I. sa. 1143 thI I. sa. 1174 (hi. sa. 538 thI hi. sa. pa70). siddharAja jayasiMha aputra hato tethI tenA kAkA kSemarAjanA vaMzajomAMno kumArapALa rAjA thaye. tenA bApanuM nAma tribhuvanapALa hatuM, je devaprasAdano putra hato, devaprasAda kSemarAjano putra hato. kaMI khAnagI kAraNasara siddharAjanI IcchA gAdI kumArapALane ApavAnI na hatI ane A kAraNathI vakhatovakhata teNe tene giraphatAra karavAne IrAdo karyo hato, paraMtu te hAthamAM Avyo nahi. kumArapALe mALavA AvI Azraya lIdho ane siddharAjanuM avasAna thatAM gujarAta tarapha pAcho pharyo. te pacAsa varSanI vaye pitAnA banevInI sahAyathI takhtanazIna thayo. gAdIe AvyA pahelAM kumArapALane jena leko taraWI saMpUrNa madada maLatI hatI. ane A ja kAraNathI tenuM dila e dharma tarapha vadhAre valaNa rAkhatuM hatuM. AthI teNe evuM paNa vacana ApyuM hatuM ke takhta hAsila ryA bAda huM jena thaI jaIza. ane ghaNuM karIne A ja samayathI tamAma jenee tene gAdI apAvavAne banatI koziza karI hatI. kumArapALa vacanane sAce hato. hakUmata maLatAM kharekhara te jena thayo ane jainanI bAra zaratone svIkAra karyo. keTalAka saradAroe baLavo paNa karyo che teNe dabAvI dIdho ane baLavAkhoronI katala karI, jemAM tene pitAne banevI paNa zAmela hato. udayapALa nAmane eka saradAra

Page #182
170] gujarAtano ItihAsa hato, tene bIjA putra baLavo karI nAgora cAlyo gayo ane rAjAne uzkerI gujarAtamAM lAvyo. nAgoranA "ANa" rAjAe kumArapALa upara caDAI karI, paraMtu te hArI gayo ane kumArapALa joDe pitAnI chokarIne paraNAvI ane puSkaLa najarANuM ApI salAha karI. temAMthI phArega thaI kumArapALe mALavAnA rAjA upara caDAI karI ane tene harAvI zaraNe Aryo. tyArapachI pitAnA eka saradAra nAme bAhaDa (ke vAbhaTTa) je udayapALa maMtrIne putra hato, je vajIra paNa hato tene kAMkaNa phateha karavAne mokalyo, paraMtu e saradAra hArIne pAcho Avyo, tethI kumArapALa paMDe eka phoja laI caDAI karI ane jIta meLavI koMkaNanA rAjAnI ktala karI, tenuM pAyatakhta lUMTI puSkaLa mAla laI AvyA. kumArapALe jena leke mATe daherAM temaja anya hiMduo mATe zivAlaye puSkaLa aMdhAvyAM. pArasanAthanuM maMdira teNe ja banAvyuM hatuM. teNe somanAthanA maMdiranI marAmata paNa karAvI hatI; somezvaranuM tIrtha be vakhata baMdhAvyuM. te paMDitanI bahu kadara karo. tenA ja samayamAM pAzupatAcAryo mAna pAmyA hatA ane tenA ja vakhatamAM hemAcAryanA jevA pavitra ane vidvAna jainAcArya sAre samAdara pAmyA hatA. hemAcAryanA avasAnathI kumArapALane bahu AghAta the, kAraNa ke te tenA guru temaja salAhakAra hatA. kumArapALa 80 varSa jIvyo hato ane te 30 varSa rAjya karI Akhare sUtAnA regathI I. sa. 1074 (hi. sa. pa70) mAM tene dehAMta thaze. tenA samayamAM brAhmaNo ane jene vacce ghaNuM gharSaNa rahetuM hatuM. mAMhemAhe ekabIjA sAthe laDatA hatA. mevADanA rAjAnI eka putrI kumArapALa vere paraNI hatI. te aNahIlavADa jatI na hatI; e DarathI ke kadAca tene baLajabarIthI jena banAvavAmAM Ave. tenA bApe tene dilAso ApI potAnI jImedArIe tene aNahIlavADa mokalI. baLajabarIthI tene tyAM jene banAvavAmAM AvI. A sAMbhaLI tene bApa jayadeva citAmAM paDI baLI gayo ane tenI sAthe khAnadAnanA

Page #183
hiMduone, samaya [ 171 keTalAka vacharo temaja brAhmaNo paNa baLI maryA. eka nAnA chokare bacI gayo.1 kumArapALa vize ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke eka vakhata te eka hAthI upara savAra thaIne pATaNanA daravAjAnI bahAra Avyo te vakhate eka khUbasUrata dhobaNuM zarIra upara lAla raMganI sADI sajI kapaDAM dhovA jatI hatI. kumArapALa tene joIne Azaka thaI gayo ane tenI pachavADe savAra thayo, ane tenI sAthe saMbhoga karavAnI icchA karI, paraMtu tarata ja e pAcho pharyo ane pastAI citAmAM baLI maravAne irAdo karyA, jethI te pApanuM nivAraNa thAya. teNe citA taiyAra karavAne hukama karyo ane pharamAna mujaba lAkaDAne Dhagalo karI Aga cetAvavAmAM AvI. lokoe e bAbatanI pUchaparacha karI tyAre teNe temane paristhitithI vAkepha karyo. brAhmaNa paMDitene bolAvavAmAM AvyA. temane dhArmika anumati vize pUchavAmAM AvyuM. kharI vastusthitinI mAhitI meLavI temaNe javAba Apyo ke " jarUra citAmAM baLavuM joIe." AthI Aga barAbara saLagI ke satvara kumArapALa deDI AgamAM kUdI paDyo. brAhmaNoe tene turata pakaDI lIdho ane kahyuM ke sajA pUrI thaI gaI. savAlanA javAbamAM temaNe kahyuM ke bUrA kAmane IrAdo AtmAe karyo hato tethI sajA tene thavI joIe ane te evI rIte maLI gaI ke te samayathI atyAra sudhI tamArA AtmAne kharekhara vedanA rahI, paraMtu tamArA bane te koI prakArane guno karyo na hato, (arthAta tame tene hAtha paNa lagADyo na hato, tethI badanane zikSA karavAnI ke bALavAnI koIpaNa jAtanI jarUra nathI. kumArapALe AvI rIte motathI bacI Izvarano AbhAra mAnyo. (bahudhA brAhmaNane lAyakAta pramANe khUba dAna ApyuM haze.) 1. tArIkhe gujarAta, pR0 183, lAhora 2. jAmikaluM hikAyAta, aurI hastalikhita 93.

Page #184
172] gujarAtano itihAsa kumArapALanA guru hemAcArya I. sa. 1089 (hi. sa. 472) mAM janmyA hatA. tenI janmabhUmi dhaMdhukA hatI. jena sAdhu devacaMdra emanAM zANapaNa ane cAturI joI pitAnI sAthe rAkhyA. 9 varSanI vaye dIkSA ApavAmAM AvI ane 21 varSanI umara thatAM te suMdara chokaro zikSaNathI phArega thayo, ane pAraMgata thaI gurunuM kAma upADI lIdhuM. temanI cAturI jaI siddharAja jayasiMha paNa temanI salAha leto. ane jaina hovA chatAM temano mAnamartabo jALavate tene siddhahema saMskRta-prAkRta vyAkaraNa graMtha mazahUra che. I. sa. 1172 (hi. sa. 568)mAM tenuM avasAna thayuM. ajayapALa solaMkaH-I. sa. 1174 thI I. sa. 1177 (hi. sa. 170-hi. sa. 573) kumArapALa aputra hovAthI tene bhatrIjo ajayapALa rAjA thayo. 1 e zivamAgI hato ane ghaNe dharmacusta hatA. teNe jenadharmIo upara kera vartAvyo hato. kapardI nAmanA jaina vidvAnane UkaLatA pANImAM pheMkAvyo. rAmacaMdra nAmane eka jaina vidvAna sAdhu jeNe ekaso graMtha racyA hatA tene tapAvelA tAMbAnA patarA para besADI mArI nAkhyo. kumArapALanAM baMdhAvelAM ghaNAM maMdira teDAvI pADyAM. jenenA saradAranI ktala karI ane darabAranA uttama ane mutsaddI saradAra bAhaDa (vATa)ne mArI nAkhyo. Akhare vijayadeva nAmanA eka sipAIe kaTAra mArI tene prANa lIdhe. mULarAja bIjo-I. sa. 1177 thI I. sa. 119 (hi. sa. 573-hi. sa. 575) ajayapALa pachI tene putra mULarAja takhtanazIna thayo. te bahu nAno hato, tethI tenI mA nAyikAdevI rAjya calAvatI hatI, paraMtu khare kartAhartA tenA kAke bhImadeva hato. 2 1. tArIkhe gujarAta, pR. 185mAM ajayapALane bhatrIje eTale ke kumArapALanA bhAI mahIpALane putra ema lakhyuM che. 2. tArIkhe gujarAtanA kartAe e mULarAjane bhAI hato ema lakhyuM che. je A vAta satya hoya te A sagIra chokarAne badale te ja takhtanazIna thAta. ene artha e ke sago bhAI na ha; athavA te kAko ja hatA.

Page #185
hiMduone samaya [ 173 mehammada sihAbuddIna gerIe jyAre gujarAta upara humalo karyo tyAre nAyikAdevI raNakSetramAM mULarAjane khoLAmAM laI phejane hiMmata ApatI hatI ane temane uttejI Akhare jIta meLavI hatI. be varSa bAda mULarAja maraNa pAmyo ane tenA pachI tene kAko gAdIe Avyo. saMbhavita che ke te ja kAkAe pitAne mATe jagyA khAlI karavAne mULarAjanuM nikaMdana kADhayuM hoya. bhImadeva bIja-I. sa. 1179-I. sa. 1243 (hi. sa. 55-hi. sa 641). bhImadeva bhoLa ane mUrkha hato tethI keTalAka tene "bhoLA bhIma" paNa kahetA. AbunA rAjA jetasI paramArane eka khUbasUrata putrI hatI. te kanyAnA vivAha ajameranA rAjA pRthvIrAja joDe thayA hatA. bhImadeve tenI khUbasUratInAM vakhANa sAMbhaLI mAguM mokalyuM. jetasIe tene turata ja ajamera ravAnA karI dIdhI. AthI bhImadevane khoTuM lAgyuM ane teNe pheja laI ajamera upara caDAI karI. pRthvIrAjano bApa somezvara laDAImAM mAryA gaye, ane tenI pheja hArI gaI. phateha meLavI bhImadeva gujarAtamAM pAchuM Avyo. A khabara dilhImAM pRthvIrAjanA kAne paDatAM satvara teNe 65000nuM lazkara laI gujarAta upara caDAI karI ane bhImadevane harAvI potAnA pitAnuM vera lIdhuM. paraMtu khuda bhImadeva hAthamAM AvyA nahi. I. sa. 1193 (hi. sa. 589)nA ramajhAna mAsamAM jIvaNarAya nAmanA bhImadevanA senApatie musalamAnonA tAbAnA hAMsInA killA upara humalo karyo. kubudIna tene revAne mATe AvyA ane jIvaNa rAya pAcho vaLyo. paraMtu I. sa. 1194 (hi. sa. 191)mAM gorI bAdazAha sihAbudInanA sUbA kubudIna eIbe gujarAta upara humale karyo ane vijaya meLavyuM. kubuddInanA pAchA gayA pachI bhImadeve aNahIlavADa arthAta pATaNane pharIthI kanse lIdhe. I. sa. 115 (hi. sa. 592)mAM hiMdanI saMyukta phejanuM saMgaThana karI bhImadeve musalamAna pAsetha ajamera chInavI levAnI IcchA karI, paraMtu e

Page #186
174 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa 1 kAmamAM te nirAza thaI pA AvyA. I. sa. 1196 (hi. sa. 593)mAM kutbuddIne gujarAta upara humalA karI vera vALyuM. bhImadeva mIjAjanA bahu tIkheA hateA ane tethI lAkA tene salAha ApatAM DaratA hatA. pariNAma e Avyu ke sArA dezamAM aMdhAdhudhI phelAI gaI. AthI I. sa. 1222 (hi. sa. 621)mAM tAbAnA rAjAe baLavA karyAM, ane jayasiddha sAlakIe te rAja sudhdhAM chInavI lIdhuM. Akhare. mahAmuzIbate teNe baLavA zAMta karyAM ane teNe khAyelI saltanata I. sa. 1228 (hi. sa. 626)mAM pharIthI meLavI. bhImadeve lAMbu AyuSa bhAganuM hatuM ane 23 varasa rAjya karyuM hatuM, paraMtu adhI umara azAMtimAM gujArI hatI. kharI vastusthiti e che ke pRthvIrAja ane kutbuddInanA humalAe A saltanatanA tamAma bhAge DhIlA karI dIdhA hatA, AthI mulkamAM je geravyavasthA phelAI tene te sudhArI zakayA nahi. A phAyA amIrA ane hAkemAe lIdhe, ane Aste Aste tee sattAvALA thayA. Akhare e saltanatanA aMta AvyA. I. sa. 1243 ( hi.sa. 641 )mAM bhImadeva maraNa pAmyA. tribhuvanapALaH--. sa. 1243 (hi. sa. 641 ). tenA pitAnI pachI te gAdIe AvyA, paraMtu mulkamAM aMdhAdhuMdhIne laine saMkhyAbaMdha rAjA sattA upara AvI gayA hatA. temAMnA eka dheALakAnA vAghelA vaMzanA vIsaLadeva hatA. e rAjA gujarAtane mAlika thayeA tyAre vAdhelA khAnadAne gujarAtanA meoTA bhAgane kabajo meLavyA hatA, ane enuM rAjya tAkatamAM pATaNanA rAjya karatAM caDI jatuM hatuM. AthI i. sa. 1244 (hi. sa. 64ra)mAM vIsaLadeva vAghelAe tene (arthAt tribhuvanapALane) gAdI uparathI utArI dIdhA ane pote mAlika thaI beTho. te sAlakI khAnadAnanA chelle rAjA hatA. A khAnadAnanI agiyAra vyaktie lagabhaga 30 varasa rAjya karyu eka itihAsakAra tarIke mArI prAmANika pharaja che ke je sAcuM hoya

Page #187
hiMduone samaya [ 175 te ja lakhavuM. bhImadeva vize mAre khyAla che ke teNe moTAmAM moTI : e bhUla karI ke jyAre gorInA humalA zarU thayA ane hiMdustAnanA mahAna rAjAo jevA ke dilhI, ajamera, kanoja, mAravADa ane Abue saMyukta thaI temane mukAbale karavAnI koziza karI tyAre teNe sApha sApha InkAra karyo, kAraNa ke cauhANa ane solaMkI vacce ApasamAM sakhata adAvata hatI. AbunA paramAra rAjAe phAMphA mAravAmAM kamI rAkhI nahi, evA IrAdAthI ke koIpaNa rIte baMne suleha karI saMgaThanathI duzmano sAmano kare; paraMtu bhIme koIpaNa rIte rAjI thayo nahi ane teNe magarUrIthI javAba Apyo ke pahelAM cauhANano vinAza karIza te pachI gorI sAthe paNa samajIza. te pachInA banAvAe A bevakUphI bharelA khyAlane radiyo Ape. arthAta prathama to bhIma solaMkIe AbunA paramAra ane ajameranA cauhANonI tAta toDI; tyArapachI pRthvIrAja cauhANe (dilhI) solaMkI rAjano cUrecUra karI nAkhyo ane gerIe dilhInA cauhANonI aMtimakriyA karI. kanAjano rAjA tadana zAMta hRdayathI A sarva joto hato ane majAka karato rahyo. A kusaMpa ane mAMhomAMhenI takarAre dezanI salatanatone aMta ANyo. - eka ItihAsakAra temaja hiMdI tarIke mArA dilamAM ati duHkha thAya che ke A mAMhomAMhonA TaMTAthI lAkha rUpiyAnI dolata hiMdanI bahAra jatI rahI ane e ja sababane laIne chellA yuga sudhI hiMda pAyamAla ane kaMgALa thayA karyuM che. Aje svarAjya maLyuM che te TAMkaNe hiMdustAnIo e samaje ane pitAnA vatananI paDatI ane garIbAI upara DAM AMsu vahAve to kevuM sAruM !

Page #188
gujarAtanA itihAsa gujarAta ane sauruSTranA sAlakInu vazavRkSa 106 ] bhinnamAlanA sAlakI gujara (I. sa. 500 lagabhaga) sAlakI (i. sa. 600 lagabhaga) I ujjainanA seAlI I. sa. 696 (hiM. sa. 70) vijayI bhaTArka valabhIpuranA jaTA sthApaka (I. sa. 700 lagabhaga) durlabhasena I.sa.110 (hi.sa. 401) kalyANI sAlakI I. sa. 20 (hi. sa. 308) , bhuvaDa (nAmeA aprasiddha) bhuvanAdiya rAji I. sa. 935 (hi. sa. 324) mULarAja sAlakI I. sa. 942 (hi. sa. 331) nAgarAja 1 cAmuMDa i. sa. 997 (hi. sa. 387) vallabhasena (keTalAka mahinA )

Page #189
hiMduonA samaya bhIma 19 I. sa. 1022 (hi. sa. 413) khemarAjakSemarAja putrI devaprasAda tribhuvanapALa bhImadeva bIjo i.sa. 1179 (hi.sa. 175) tribhuvanapALa i.sa.1242 (hi.sa.641) [ 177 ka I. sa. 107ra (hi. sa. 465) siddharAja I. sa. 1094 (hi. sa. 487) kumArapALa i. sa. 1143 (hi. saM. 538) ajayapALa i. sa. 1174 (hi. sa. 500) mULarAja I. sa. 1177 (hi. sa. 173) : 6 : vAdhelA vaza I. sa. 1242 thI i. sa. 1304 (hi. sa. 640-hi. sa. 704) A khAnadAna paNu gujara selakInI ja eka zAkhA che. kharI vAta e che ke kumArapALa solaMkIe peAtAnA pitarAi bhAi aNIrAjane vAdhela nAmanuM eka gAma ApyuM hatuM; A kAraNathI ja tenuM khAnadAna "vAdhelA" nAmathI mazahUra thayuM. bhImadevanA jamA 12

Page #190
- 178 | gujarAtanA itihAsa nAmAM vAghelA vaMza baLavAna thayeA; eTale sudhI ke aNNarAje bhImadeva khIjAne ghaNI vakhate kImatI madada ApI hatI; AthI bhImadeve aoNrAjanA putra lavaNuprasAdane pAtAne vajIra banAvyA; paraMtu aMnene jarAye banyuM nahi ane kusa Mpa thayA; AthI lavaNaprasAde dheALakA ane dhaMdhukA vagere upara kabajo karI eka alaga rAjya sthApyuM ane tenuM mukhya sthaLa dhALakA nakkI karyuM". lavaNuprasAdanA avasAna pachI tene putra vIradhavaLa bahu baLavAna na kaLyA. teNe gAdharA ane khaMbhAta para phateha karI peAtAnA rAjyamAM joDI dIdhAM. I. sa. 1242 (hi. sa. 640)mAM te maraNa pAmyA. tenA be putra hatAH vIramadeva ane vIsaladeva. vIramadeva bApathI nArAja thai gayA tethI teNe vIramagAmamAM vasavATa karyo ane e gAmane peAtAnA parathI nAma ApI tene rezanakadAra banAvyuM. (bahudhA e gAmanu asala nAma juduM haze). teNe bApanA avasAna pachI saltanata hAsila karavAnI khAhiza karI, paraMtu vIradhavaLanA vajIra vastupALe tenI katala karAvI ane takhta vIsaladevane havAle karyuM. vastupALa ane tejapALa ati haiAziyAra vANiyA vajIra hatA. tee lAkakalyANanAM puSkaLa kAmA karyAM. te jaina hatA, tethI puSkaLa jaina maMdiraza aMdhAvyAM. Abu, giranAra, ane zetru MjA vagere pahADA upara suMdara jaina maMdirA banAvyAM. keTalAMka sthaLeAe taLAva, kUvA, banAvI leAkAne rAhata ApI. temaNe AvAM kAmeAmAM khajAnAmAMthI rUpiyA chUTe hAthe vAparyo. vAva vIsaladeva vAdhelAH--i. sa. 1244-1264 (hi. sa. 642hi. sa. 663). vIsaladeva bahu hoziyAra hatA. teNe prathama eka bhayaMkara dAsta arthAt vastupALa vajIrane baratarapha karyo ane tenI jagyAe vajhAratanA hAddA upara eka brAhmaNane mUkayeA jenu nAma nAgaDa" hatuM. vIsaladeve peAtAnA tamAma duzmanAne tAbe karI harAvyA. karNATakanA rAjAe peAtAnI putrI mATe svayaMvara rA;

Page #191
vIsa mata kara ja nahi hiMduone samaya [ 179 e paNa tyAM gaye. karmasaMjoge enI phateha thaI; arthAt kuMvarIe vIsaladevanA gaLAmAM hAra nAkhe. rAjA tribhuvanapALa solaMkI pAsethI teNe hakUmata hAsila karI hatI tethI sAdhAraNa rIte vAghelA vaMzane pahele rAjyakartA e ja manAya che. teNe tamAma purANa maMdiranI marAmata karAvI, DabhoIne kile baMdhAvyo ane tenI najIka ja "kaDaka" nAmanuM taLAva baMdhAvyuM. te taiyAra karavAmAM musalamAna Ijaneree paNa hisso lIdho hato. arjunadeva vAghele -I. sa. 12 64-1275 (hi. sa. 663-hi. sa. 674). potAnA pitAnA avasAna pachI te rAjyane mAlika thayo. somanAthanA I. sa. 1262 (hi. sa. 663)nA zilAlekhamAM tenI ghaNI tArIpha lakhavAmAM AvI che. tenA jamAnAmAM musalamAna hAkemo paNa hatA, jemAMnA ekanuM nAma huramujha (bahudhA IrAnI musalamAna haze) ane bIjAnuM nAma khAjA IbrAhIma nAkhudA hatuM. haramujhe verAvaLa pATaNamAM eka masjida paNa baMdhAvI hatI. ane ghaNuM karIne te tyAM ja e hAkema haze. ane huM dhAruM chuM ke te baMdarakhAtAnA adhikArI haze. e ja samaye amadAvAda najIka AvelA asAvalamAM musalamAna vepArIoe eka masjida baMdhAvI jeno zilAlekha hAlamAM hajharata pIra mohammadazAhanI masjidamAM mukhya miharAba upara sAcavavA mATe lagAvavAmAM Avyo che, temAM hi, sa. 675 lakhelI che. sAraMgadeva vAghele -I. sa. 1275-1297 (hi. sa. 674- (hi. sa. 697). arjunadeva vAghelA pachI tenA putra sAraMgadeve gujarAta upara rAjya karyuM. AbunA I. sa. 1294nA zilAlekha uparathI ema jaNAya che ke caMdrAvatIno rAjA vIsaladeva ene khaMDaNa bharato hato. karaNadeva vAghelA -I. sa. 1297-1304 (hi. sa. 69- 704). sAraMgadeva pachI karaNadeva takhtanazIna thayo. tenA be vajIre hatA. ekanuM mAma mAdhava ane bIjAnuM nAma kezava hatuM. baMne bhAIo

Page #192
180] vAte nAgara hatA. mAdhavanI strI ati khUbasUrata hatI. karaNa tenA upara Azaka thaI gayo. tene meLavavAnI teNe yukti racI. mAdhavane ghaDA kharIdavA kAzmIra mokalI dIdho ane kezavane eka laDAImAM mokalya ane strIne baLajabarIthI kabaje lIdhe. kezava pAchA AvyA tyAre tene puSkaLa kidha caDyo ane laDI maraNa pAme. mAdhavane jyAre khabara thaI tyAre tamAma gheDA ane asabAba sAthe te samayanA uttara hiMdustAnanA jhabaradasta pAdazAha alAuddIna khalajI pAse dilhI pahoMcyo. teNe alAuddInane gujarAta jItavA mATe uzkeryo ane potAnI madadanI khAtrI ApI, AthI alAuddIna khalajIe eka senApatine eka ja laI mokalyo. karaNu gujarAta cheDI dakSiNamAM cAlyo gayo. te divasathI gujarAta musalamAnonA kabajAmAM AvyuM. karaNa rAjA je karaNa ghele (pUrNa) paNa kahevAya che te A vaMzano chello rAjA hato je pachI A mulkamAM rajapUtanI hakUmata haMmeza mATe khatama thaI vAghelA rAjAonI vaMzAvI gujara kAma solaMkI rAjapUta paramAra rajapUta gujarAtano ItihAsa kumALapALa solaMkIne bApa kumArapALane - I. sa. 1143 (hi. sa. 538) vAdhelA gAmane kAke jamInadAra. kumArapALanA samayanI zarUAta.

Page #193
arNorAja lavaNuprasAda . sa. 1179 (hi. sa. 575) tAlukadAra. bhImadeva bIjAnI samayanI zarUAta. I. sa. 115 (hi. sa. 192) rAjA. rAjadhAnI dhoLakA. bhI. bI. nI zarUAta; madhyakALa. rAja. rAjadhAnI dhoLakA. bhI. bI. nI zarUAta; AkharI kALa hiMduone samaya 1233 I.sa.thaI.sa.1238 paryata viradhavaLa I. sa. 1243 paryata vIramadeva visaladeva I. sa. 1244 (hi. sa. 642) gujarAtanA mukhya sthaLa vIramagAma mahArAja. rAjadhAnI aNahIlavADa pATaNa arjunadeva I. sa. 1ra64 (hi. sa. 6 63) gu. ma. sA. a. | pATaNa giyAsuddIna balabananA samayanI zarUAta. sAraMgadeva I.sa. 1275 (hi.sa. 674) gu.ma. rA.a. pATaNa muijhuddIna kAbAda ane jalAluddIna khalajI. karaNadeva I.sa.1297 (hi.sa. 697) rAjadhAnI pATaNathI bAgalANa. alAuddIna khalajInA samayanI zarUAta. alAuddIna khalajI, dilhIne zahenazAha I. sa. 1307 (hi. sa. 706)mAM khalajI salatanate saMpUrNapaNe gujarAtane kabaje lIdho. [ 181

Page #194
prakaraNa bIjuM musalamAnene saMbaMdha arabastAna ane hiMdustAna vacce purANu samayane saMbaMdha gujarAta prAMta kudaratI rIte evI rIte Ave che ke pazcima tarapha arabI samudra ane tenI sAme umAna che; tenI jamaNI tarapha IrAnane akhAta ane DAbI bAjue eDanane akhAta che, jenI sAme AphrikA AveluM che. eDana yamananuM purANuM baMdara che. hajharamota gujarAtanI sAme ja AveluM che, tethI A kudaratI sadRlatane laIne mahemAMhe vepArI saMbaMdha vadhe e eka kudaratI vAta hatI, je aitihAsika purAvAthIye saMpUrNa rIte kharI Thare che. arabastAnamAM khAsa karIne yamana ane hajharamota evA pradeza che ke temane gADha saMbaMdha hiMdustAna (gujarAtanA kinArA) ane malabAra sAthe rahyo che. e arabonI AvajA dariyAI mArge thatI hatI ane e loke catura vahANavaTIo hatA; jevA ke adyApi paNa hajharata ane eDananA lakA vahANa hAMkavAmAM nipuNa gaNAya che. e te khacIta vAta che ke hiMdustAna sAthe keTalAka arabane saMbaMdha rahyo che. vaLI e deza upara araba lokone eTale badho prema hatuM ke tenuM (hiMdanuM) nAma temaNe Izka ane AzakI viSaya rAkhyo, eTale sudhI ke hiMdanA eka khAsa hissA (bahudhA siMdha haze)nA lokone arabanA vaMzajo kahetA hatA. zaubiA jeo arabanA duzmanomAM eka mazahUra varga che te A dAvA mATe puSkaLa hAMsI kare che. eka zAera kahe che, "eha araba, tame kahe che ke hiMdustAnIo naMdaka (eka arabanuM nAma)nA vaMzajo che ane tamArA ane barbare vacce saMbaMdha che." 1. uttara AphrikAnI eka jaMgalI kema 2. tArIkhe arabe kadIma pU0 38-40, presa navalakizora

Page #195
musalamAnAnA saMbaMdha [ 183 arakhene e paNa dAvA che ke jIsasa krAIsTa pahelAM teoe sidha ane gujarAta upara rAjya karyuM hatuM; jevA ke iliyaTa sAhebanA hiMdanA itihAsamAM I. sa. pUrvenI aramenI saltanatamAM siMdha vizenA ullekha meAjUda che. paraMtu jyAMsudhI smArakA temaja khIjI khAtarInI sAbitI e na maLe tyAMsudhI tenA upara AdhAra rAkhavA muzkela che. keTalAka arabI ane saMskRta zabdAnI ekatA ru bhata karavAmAM AvI che;2 ane dalIla mATe ahIM 1 ; araNI zitA saMskRta zIta ArAma (bagIcA) vana zarIra arama khIna sarIra dInAra dA. ta. a zaradI, ThaMDI ArAma sapATa jamIna; jaMgala mAtha na AdhAranI jagyA, badana seAnAnA sikkA dInAra zake zaka zakA maMdane vana adana, mukha paraMtu AthI paNa eTaluM ja sAbita thAya che ke, eka jamAnAmAM tenA sabaMdha evA gADhA hatA ke tenI asara bhASA upara paNa paDI. paNu kANu kahI zake ke arabI bhASAe sa MskRta upara asara karI ke saskRte arakhI upara? e nakakI karavuM muzkela che. purANA aronI vANijya--hAlatane patto keTaleka aMze purANu bAIbala ane vadhu pramANamAM grIka ane hibrU tihAsAmAMthI sArI rIte maLI zake che. te itihAseA uparathI ema jaNAya che ke araba vepArIo I. sa. pUrve be hajAra varasa pahelAM A khidamata barAbara bajAvI rahyA ane pUrva ane pazcimanI vacce kaDI-rUpa rahyA. vepAranA mAla hiMdustAnathI dariyAI mAge AvI yamuna ane hajharameAtanA kinArA upara UtaratA ane tyAMthI jamInamArga - rAtA samudranA kinAre kinAre siriyA pahoMcatA, ane rezama AgaLa

Page #196
184 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa thaI yurApa cAlyA jatA; athavA tA siriyAnI sarahadathI misara ane elekajhAnDriyA thaI yuropa tarapha ravAnA thaI jatA. A rastA grIsanA khatnImUsanA kabjAmAM misara sudhI barAbara AbAda rahyo, paraMtu vepAra--saMrakSaNane khAtara khalIsUsanI saltanate misarathI hiMda pata samudra mAraphata sIdhA rastA ikhtiyAra karyAM, kAraNa ke jamInamA` A sakhAI (aranI eka TALInuM nAma) vepArIone lIdhe surakSita rahyo. te divasathI araba vepArIonuM AvavAnuM ochuM thaI gayuM.. jevuMke ensAIklopIDiyA briTAnikAnI agiyAramI AvRttimAM (araba viSaya upara) lekhaka jaNAve che ke arabastAnanA naiRtya khUNAnI (hajharameAta; yamanamAM) kharakatanuM mukhya kAraNa te samaye evuM hatuM ke misara ane hi MdustAna vacce vepArane mAla prathama samudranA raste ahIM AvatA hatA ane tyAra pachI jamInamAge pazrimanA kinArA upara jatA hatA; e vepAra hAlamAM baMdha thaI gayA, kAraNa ke misaranA khalIsa bAdazAheAe hiMdustAnathI elekajhAnDriyA sudhI sIdhA eka rasto banAvI lIdhA. yamAmAnuM pAyatakhta kariyA, hajharameAtanuM badara, kAnA", saIna ane eDana sakhAI vepArIonAM kendra hatAM. A araNe nIcenI cIjonA vepAra karatA hatA : (1) khAvAnA masAlA, (2) khuzakhAdAra cIjo, (4) javAhira, (5) leADhuM, (6) kApaDa, (7) cAmaDAM, (9) bakarAM, (10) gheADAnA sAja vagere. (3) seAnuM, (8) dheTAM, I. sa. pUrve 2000 varSa upara arabanA je vepArIe misara jatA itihAsAmAM mAlUma paDe che te ghaNe bhAge e cIjonA vepAra karatA hatA, jemake I. sa. pUrve 1000 mAM hajharata dAuda, sakhA (yamanI arA)nuM sAnuM mAgatA hatA. i. sa. pUrve 950mAM sakhAnI rANI hajharata sulemAna pAsethI je bheTa lAvI hatI temAM

Page #197
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 185 khuzabodAra cIjo, sonuM ane javAhirAta hatAM. azaayA pegambaranA samayamAM (I. sa. pUrve 300 varasa) sanaA (yamana)thI siriyA polAda, tejhapAta, ane masAlo ja hato. javAhira, sonuM ane khuzabodAra cIjo hArAna, kAna ane eDananA raste AvatI hatI. I. sa. pUrve 700 thI I. sa. pUrve pahelI sadI paryata misaramAM grIka lekenI hakUmata hatI ane misara ane arabastAna vacce ghaNo ja gADha saMbaMdha haMmezathI rahyo che, AthI teo araba ane khAsa karIne sabA kema vize sArI rIte mAhitagAra che. jemake I. sa. pUrve 194 mAM grIka itihAsakAra arAhuspenisa araba vize lakhe che ke "arabastAnanA eka cheDenI hada upara samudranI (hiMdI ane arabI samudra) bAjumAM sabAnA leke che tenuM pAyatakhta "mAraba" che. A bhAga uttara misaranA nIcenA hissA karatAM moTo che. unALAmAM varasAda paDe che ane nadI vahevA mAMDe che, je medAno ane taLAvane maLI sukAI jAya che. A kAraNathI jamIna evI lIlIchama ane bhejavALI tara thaI jAya che ke tyAM pAka sAlamAM be vakhata thAya che. hajharatathI sabA sudhIne 40 divasane rasto che. sodAgare 70 divasamAM maInathI "elA" (zAma-siriyA) pahoMce che. hajharamota, maIna ane sabAnA mulka raLiyAmaNuM che. te mahele ane zAhI ImAratone laIne suMdara dekhAya che...........(aMta paryata.) te pachI pacAsa varSe eka bIje grIka tavArIkhanavIsa agAthara zadisa I. sa. pUrve 145mAM arabastAna vize nIce pramANe lakhe che ke - "sabA nAmanA leke arabastAnamAM rahe che, jyAM bezumAra suMdara mevo thAya che. samudrane lAgelI jamInamAM balasAna (emAMthI tela nIkaLe che) ane ghaNuM khUbasUrata jhADo Uge che. te dekhAvamAM ati raLiyAmaNuM heya che. dezanA aMdaranA bhAgamAM dhUpa, taja ane khAreka

Page #198
186] gujarAtano ItihAsa vagerenAM ati UMcAM jhADanAM gADha jaMgale che ane te jhADomAMthI ati madhurI khuza phelAya che. jhADanI asaMkhya jAta hovAne lIdhe darekanAM nAma ane khAsiyata ApavAM muzkela che. je khuza temAMthI UDe che te jannatanI khuzabothI kama nathI ane AnI tArIpha zabdomAM adA karI zakAya nahi. je loke A jamInathI dUra kinArA uparathI pasAra thAya che te paNa jyAre kinArA upara pavana pheMkAya che tyAre, e khuzabothI AnaMdita thAya che. A masAlAne tyAM kApe che ane tene Dhagale tyAM ja kare che, paraMtu tAjAM ane khIlelAM rahetAM hovAthI je leke kinArA uparathI pasAra thAya che te jANe ke amRtanI madhuratA anubhave che; bake upamA paNa nyUna che. sArI duniyAmAM sabA le ke sauthI dolatamaMda che. tenuM cAMdI puSkaLa pramANamAM hareka dizAethI lAvavAmAM Ave che. dUra hovAnA kAraNathI te mulka ajita rahyo. AthI khAsa karIne enA pAyatakhtamAM sonA cAMdInAM vAsaNe che. takhta temaja ravezanA thAMbhalA senAthI DhALI dIdhelA hoya che; sonerI ane rUperI citrothI zaNagArelA hoya che. mahela ane daravAjA sonuM ane javAhirathI maDhelA heya. che. AvI jAtanI nakazImAM teo kaLA ane mahenatano upakega kare che...........(aMta paryata). tyAra pachI pharIthI pacAsa sAla pachI jyAre sabAnAM vepArI bajAra tUTI gayAM tyArathI lagabhaga paradezIonI AvajA baMdha thaI gaI. dezamAM sudhArAnI bImArI phelAvAthI leke custa ane ALasu thaI gayA. leke vadhu pramANamAM khetImAM rokAyA ane phakata thoDI ja vepArI prajA rahI je kama hiMmata ane ArAma pasaMda hovAthI dUranA dezamAM jatI nahi, paraMtu ebisiniyAthI siriyA paryata saphara karatI tene vize. grIka ItihAsakAra ArTImIDerusane I. sa. pUrve 100 varasa uparano ullekha sAMbhaLavA jevo che. te kahe che ke "sabAne rAjA ane tene mahela

Page #199
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 187 mArabamAM che je jhADothI cikAra pahADa upara strIonA jevI naciMtA ane ezaArAma jiMdagI gujAre che. phaLonI relamachelane laIne loke susta ALasu ane bekAra thaI gayA che; khuzabedAra jhADanAM thaDamAM paDI rahe che. baLataNa mATe taja ane khuzabodAra lAkaDAne upayoga kare che. keTalAka leke dhaMdho khetIne che ane keTalAka dezI ane paradezI masAlAno dhaMdho kare che. A masAlA sAmenA ebisiniyAnA kinArAthI lAvavAmAM Ave che, jyAM sabAnA loko cAmaDAnI heDImAM besI nadI pAra cAlyA jAya che. najIkanA leke. pAse sabA ke vepArane sAmAna kharIde che ane te pitAnA pADezIne Ape che; AvI rIte turata teo siriyA ane masala paryata pahoMce che." arabanI A hAlatonuM varNana karavAmAM mAro hetu phakata eTale che ke vAcakone vigatavAra khabara paDI jAya. yamanI, arabonI sabA kAma eka dhaMdhAdArI kema hatI. temane hiMdustAnanA kinArAthI mAMDI elekajhAnDriyA parvatanAM bajArene ekahaththu vepAra hato. meM A pahelAM tArIkhI purAvA sahita batAvI dIdhuM che ke arabo keTakeTalI cIjone vepAra karatA hatA. have praznotpAdaka bAbata e che ke A cIje kyAMthI AvatI hatI. Ano javAba yunAnI, roma ane arabastAnanA ItihAsakAroe Ave che ke AmAMnI thoDIka cIje hiMdathI ane keTalIka AphrikAnA kinArAthI AvatI hatI ane bAkInI arabastAnamAM pedA thatI hatI, jevuM ke upara grIka ItihAsakAronA khyAnamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM. arabastAnanA itihAsakAroe ane khAsa karIne hamadAnIe taphasIlathI te mulkamAM pedA thatAM cheDo ane jhADa vize lakhyuM che. lebAna ane kezara vize te lakhe che ke "ahIMthI dareka ThekANe e jAya che. bhinna bhinna jAtanAM phUle ane vanaspati yamana ane najadamAM 1. vigata mATe ala kurAna jovuM, sabA vizene khyAnamAM.

Page #200
188] gujarAtano ItihAsa Uge che, arabastAnamAM sonuM ane hIrAnI puSkaLa khANa hatI ane adyApi paNa che." hamadAnIe harekanAM nAma gaNAvyAM che te sarva kharAM che, paraMtu je jamAnAnI ApaNe vAta karIe chIe te eka evo samaya hato jyAre sArI duniyAmAM devapUjA hatI, e devatAo mATe maMdiranI mahAna ImArato taiyAra karI pUjAnI sAthe lebAnano dhUpa paNa thato hato ane khuzabodAra lAkaDAM (dAkhalA tarIke agara, sukhaDa vagere) haMmezAM baLatAM rahetAM hatAM. A kAraNathI hiMdustAnathI mAMDI yuro5 sudhI A vastuonI khapata hatI. paraMtu araba vepArIo je duniyAnI moTI moTI bajAranA mAlika hatA teo duniyAnI mAgaNI phakta potAnA gharathI pUrI pADI zakatA na hatA; AthI kudaratI rIte temane enI talAza karavI paDI, ke A mAgaNI have kyAMthI pUrI pADI zakAya. A kozizanA pariNAme hiMdustAna sAthe temanA vepArI saMbaMdhanAM maMDANa maMDAyAM. cAmaDuM, jana, galangA (eka jAtanAM khuzabodAra pAMdaDAM), jAyaphaLa, haraDAbeDA, alabusanuM lAkaDuM, kAcabAnI pIThanuM hADakuM, cinikabAlA, makhamala, jasata, lobAna, netara, eLiye, hAthIdAMta. judI judI jAtanI vana spatimAMnA resAmAMthI taiyAra karelAM kapaDAM, haLadara, lavIMga, elacI, kALAM marI, taja, sopArI, nALiyera, AmalI e sarva evI cIja che je khAsa karIne araba vepArIo dakSiNa kinArA ane hiMdanA TApuomAMthI yamana laI jatA hatA. A uparanA aitihAsika khyAna uparAMta Aja paNa jIvato jAgata dAkhalo mejUda che ke A cIjo ahIMthI bahAra jatI hatI. A uparAMta eka mahAna sAbitI e paNa che ke A cIjonAM keTalAMka nAmo arabI jhabAnamAM saMskRtamAMthI AvyAM che. udAharaNa tarIke muzka (kastUrI), philaphila (pIpara), -kAphUra (ka2), jhanjabIla (Tha), saMDala (caMdana), nArachala (nALiyera), karanaphUla (lavIMga), jAyaphaLa vagere. AvI rIte keTalAMka nAma sAthe 1. ta madane araba, anuvAda belTAmI

Page #201
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 19 "hiMdI" zabda mUkI upayoga karavAmAM Ave che tethI A bAbata jaNAI Ave che; jevI ke uda hiMdI, kusta hiMdI, tamara hiMdI. uttama polAdanAM ojAre ane taravAra hiMdustAnathI ja jatAM hatAM, tethI arabImAM taravAranA vizeSaNa tarIke "hiMdI" ane "mehannada" vAparavAmAM Ave che. ane sirohI Aja paNa e mATe mazahUra che. eka zAera kahe cheH "dAhira sAthenI laDAInA divasanA ghoDA, bhAlA ane mohammada binakAsima bina mehammada sAkSI che ke meM lazkarane hAra ApI ane hiMdI taravAra upara temanA rAjAne rAkhe." je ke ItihAsakAra hamadAnI "siphato jajharatila araba3 nAmanI potAnI ktiAbamAM arabastAnanI saMkhyAbaMdha khANone ullekha kare che. phakta yamAmA ane najadamAM senAnI cha khANuM te batAve che. senA uparAMta cAMdI, tAMbuM ane akIkanI paNa khANo batAvavAmAM AvI che. sArI kitAbamAM 17 khANane ullekha che. ane e mAnavAmAM kaMI paNa vAMdho nathI, paraMtu khapata-pramANa vadhavAthI sonuM, cAMdI ane akIka hiMdustAnathI paNa tyAM jatAM hoya to temAM kaMI ajAyaba thavA jevuM nathI. jemake Aja paNa akIka khaMbhAtathI bahAranA dezamAM puSkaLa jAya che ane hiMdustAnamAM senA cAMdInI khANa hovA chatAM amerikA ane AphrikAthI sonuM cAMdI Ave che. bahu saMbhavita che ke azaayA nabInA vakhatamAM umadA attara, javAhira, sonuM je yamananA eDana ane hajharamotanA kAnA baMdarathI siriyA jatAM jaNAya che te hiMdustAnathI ja gayAM hoya. jevuM ke I tahAsakAra javajhipase pitAnI kitAbamAM jaNAvyuM che ke "sopArA ane javajhipasa rerakha (bharUca najIka) baMdarathI hajharata sulemAnanA 1. sirohI AbunI pAsenuM eka zahera che. tyAMnI taravAra ane kaTAsa bahu mazahura che. 2. balAjharI-jhikare phahe siMdha. 3. majakura ktiAba che. laMDana, pR. 154

Page #202
190 ] gujarAtano itihAsa samayamAM vepAra cAlato hato. hAthIdAMta, vAMdarAM, mora vagere pelesTAIna jatAM hatAM. AvI rIte kApaDanA vepAra araba lokone priya dhaMdhe hatA ane yamana te mATenuM "kendra" hatuM. yamananI cAdare Islama yuga paryata mazahUra hatI, tethI e to niHsaMdeha vAta che ke khuda yamanamAM kApaDanAM kArakhAnAM mojuda hatAM. paraMtu kApaDanAM keTalAMka nAmo asala hiMdI hevAnA kAraNathI ema kahevAya che ke hiMdustAnathI paNa kApaDa jatuM hatuM. temAM malamala, chIMTa ane rUmAla khAsa karIne ullekha karavA lAyaka che. jene arabImAM karaksa (kapAsa arthAt rU), zIta (chIMTa) ane phetA (TuvAla) kahe che kahevAya che ke misaranA pIrAmIDomAM e keTalAMka kapaDAM hiMdustAnamAM vaNAyelAM maLyAM che. zuM baMgALAnA jAdugara misaranI mUrtio para paNa asara karatA hatA? khuda bharUcamAM paNa krAIsTa pahelAM suMdara kApaDa banatuM hatuM. A I. sa. pahelI sadInA pahelAMnI hakIkata che. IsvI pahelI sadImAM ramanA mazahUra ItihAsamAM plInI eka jagyAe phariyAda karatAM jaNAve che ke manI lata vArSika 20 lAkha pauDa jeTalI, hiMdustAnano mAla kharIdavAmAM jAya che. A pachI so varasa bAda eTale ke I. sa. 200 mAM balImsa je mazahUra bhUgoLazAstrI hato teNe arabastAna vize je kaMI saMzodhana karyuM temAM moTe bhAge araba vepArIo kanethI teNe sAMbhaLeluM che, kAraNa ke te samaye paNa elekajhAnDriyA araba vepArIonuM kendra hatuM, jenA vepAranuM tejI bajAra romanonI dariyAI jahAjhane laIne je ke ThaMDu paDI gayuM hatuM tema chatAM te naSTa to thayuM na ja hatuM. trIjI sadIthI mAMDI chaThThI sadI paryata romanone laIne eTalI badhI rAjakIya UthalapAthalo zarU thaI ke tenAthI paradezI vepArane sakhata nukasAna pahoMcyuM, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu khuda arabastAnamAM saMpUrNa sahIsalAmatI na rahI. ane AvI rIte arabone 1. bauddhamatI hiMda, pR. 28, prehaidarAbAda, dakSiNa 2. risAlae nigAha, pR. 4, ekabara, 1924

Page #203
musalamAno saMbaMdha [ 191 vepAra ekaMdara arabastAnamAM ja maryAdita thayo. arthAta araba vepArIo yamanathI laI siriyAmAM vecANa karI pAchA pharatA. arabastAnanI kAmomAM sabA prajAne vadhu pramANamAM vinAza thayo hato. alabatta himira khAnadAne enuM rakSaNa karyuM hatuM, paraMtu tabAbiyA (eka kAmanuM nAma)nA samayamAM yamanI araba vepArIo rAjakIya bAbatomAM behada mazagUla rahyA ane romanoe temano rasto baMdha karyo, tethI rAjakIya ane dhArmika kArabhAranA kAraNe vepAra vANijyamAM vadhu unnati thavA pAmI nahi, kAraNa ke eka bAju yahUdI (yamananA leke) ane IsAI (ebisiniyA ane siriyAnA leke)nI dhArmika athaDAmaNa, ane bIjI bAju siriyA, misara ane ebisiniyA upara romanonA kabajAmAM tamAma rastA baMdha karI dIdhA; AthI mulka pArano vepAra te baMdha thaye, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu mulkanI aMdara paNa yamanI lokonA hAthamAMthI te hijAjhI lekAnA kabajAmAM gaye, ane AthI hiMdustAnanA vepAranuM jora kama thayuM, ane ahIM vepAra ghaTI gayo. jIsasa krAIsTanA pahelAMnA saMskRta graMthomAM je "yavana" nAma Ave che te mArA dhAravA mujaba A ja "yama"thI ekarUpa zabda che. ahIM sudhI je kaMI varNana ApyuM te dakSiNa arabastAna (yamana)nA vepArIonI hakIkata hatI. I. sa. pUrve trIjI sadImAM grIka lakee hiMdustAnathI jamInamArge yurepa sudhIne rasto khulle karI dIdhA hatA ane tethI divase divase A rastAthI vepAranI unnati thatI jatI hatI. isvI trIjI sadImAM A vepAra khIlyo ane pariNAme yamanane vepAra bilakula baMdha thaI gaye, paraMtu umAnane vepAra ujajavaLa thayo. je ke bharUcanI paDatI thaI, paraMtu sopArA je thANA pAse eka baMdara hatuM te ronakadAra thaI gayuM. ahIMne mAla jamInamArge IrAna jato ane irAnathI umAna ane umAnathI pharIthI kurezI ke hijAjhI vepArI siriyA pahoMcADatA hatA. A khyAna purANuM hiMdu ItihAsanuM che, kAraNuM ke e sadI

Page #204
12] gujarAtano ItihAsa emAM arabenuM nAma koI paNa jagyAe AvatuM nathI; tene badale grIka ane IrAnIonuM puSkaLa Ave che, ane tethI ema dhAravAmAM Ave che ke arabo sAthenA vepArI saMbadho sIdhe raste hiMdanA kinArAthI kapAI gayA hatA. paraMtu huM ema mAnuM chuM ke yamananA, lakone vinAza pachI, hiMdIoe yamanane badale umAna sIdhe raste jahAjha mekalavAnuM zarU karyuM. rAtA samudranI khataranAka saphara karI siriyA ane misara jahAjha laI javA karatAM hiMdIo mATe A rasto sahIsalAmata hato ke hiMdustAnanA kinAre kinAre potAnAM jahA umAnanA kinAre jaI utAre; jemake tArIkhe hiMda (graMthakAra jhakAullAha)mAM Ano ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che. eTale huM dhAruM chuM ke gujarAtathI be kAphelA jatA hatA : eka jamInamArge IrAna thaI yurepa jato athavA to phakta IrAna jaI mAlanuM vecANa karI pAcho AvI jate ane IrAnavALA te mAla yurepa pahoMcADatA; bIje dariyAI rasto hato, eTale ke gujarAta saurASTranA kinAre kinAre umAnanA kinAre pahoMcI mAla utAravAmAM AvatuM, jyAMthI kurezI (makkAnA leke) ane bIjA vepArIo mAla laI tamAma araba ane siriyAmAM vecatA hatA. mArA dhAravA mujaba A sthiti IslAma dharmanI zarUAta paryata rahI. : : hiMdamAM musalamAnonuM Agamana Ama te arabastAna ane hiMdustAna e beu dezo vaccene vepAra-saMbaMdha varasothI hato, paraMtu hiMdustAnamAM musalamAnonuM khAsa Agamana hajharata mohammada (sala.)nA vakhatathI zarU thayuM. tehaphatulamujAhidInanA kaheNane satya mAnavAmAM Ave to IslAmanuM nirmatraNa malabAranA rAjAne pegambaranA samayamAM ja pahoMcI gayuM hatuM ane malabAra taraphathI eka pratinidhi maMDaLa pahelA khalIphA abubakra

Page #205
musalamAnone saMbaMdha | [ 193 (radI.)nA samayamAM madInA AvyuM hatuM, jenA AvyA bAda malabAranA rAjAe IslAmane svIkAra karyo hato. te pachI I. sa. 636 (hi. sa. 15)mAM bIjA khalIphA hajharata umara bina alakhitAba (radI.) jyAre usamAna binalaAsI sakazIne baharIna ane umAnano hAkema banAvyo tyAre sakaNIe thANuM (muMbaI ilAkA) upara caDAI karavAne eka pheja mokalI, je lUMTano mAla laI sahIsalAmata pAchI AvI. A phejane senApati umAnanA hAkemano bhAI hakama binulaAsa hato. 1. thANuM jillA hindustAnanA pazcima kinArAnA samudra ane pahADanI vacceno bhAga che. tenA be vibhAga che. dakSiNanA bhAgane malabAra ane uttaranA bhAgane koMkaNa kahevAmAM Ave che. thANAmAM ratnAgiri ane kalAbAnA jillAo, sAvaMtavADI, jajIrAnI riyAsata, govA ane muMbaI zahera AvelAM che. A IlAkAnI laMbAi 330 mAila ane pahoLAi 35 thI 50 jeTalI che. thANA zahera muMbaithI 20 mAIla dUra sAlaseTa beTa upara AveluM che. aburIhAna bIrUnIe "ktiAbula hiMda"mAM thANAne kaMkaNanuM pAyatakhta lakhyuM che. razIdadIne "jAmetivArIkhamAM tene "kAMkaNu thANa" lakhyuM che. abudiAe lakhyuM che ke e eka mahAna zahera che ane tanAsI nAmanuM eka jAtanuM kApaDa tyAMthI Ave che. mArkopolanA samayamAM I. sa. 1292 (hi. sa. 692)mAM eka hiMdu rAjA raheto hato. paraMtu tenA pachI keTalAka divasa bAda kubuddIna mubAraka zAha khalajInA samayamAM tene jItI laI dilhI saltanatamAM zAmela karI levAmAM AvyuM. eka poryugIjha musAphara bArabojhAe enuM nAma thANA maMbu" lakhyuM che. muMbaIne teNe "maMbu' kahyuM che. I. sa. 1573 (hi. sa. 940) picaMgIjha lokoe tene kabaje karyuM. ane i. sa. 1739 (hi. sa. 1152)mAM marAThAoe temanI pAsethI chInavI lIdhuM, I. sa. 1774 (hi. sa. 1188) mAM briTiza sarakAranA kabajAmAM te AvyuM. tenI vastI tyAre Asare 15000 jeTalI hatI. (Ibna baTUtA-hAMsiyo). suhula AzAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke e zahera dariyA kinArA upara duniyAnA sAta bhAgamAMthI pahelA bhAgamAM AveluM che. e 114 20 rekhAMza ane 19deg 20" akSAMza upara che. te gujarAtanI pUrvanI hada che, tyAMthI bhAlA ane tabAzIra (vaMzalocana davAnuM nAma) duniyAnA tamAma 14

Page #206
194] gujarAtane ItihAsa hajharata umaranI manAI chatAM hakama binulaAse bharUca jene arabImAM "barUsa" kahevAmAM Ave che ane je lAkha ane gaLInA vepAra mATe mazahUra purANuM baMdara hatuM te upara bIjI vAra caDAI karI ane potAnA bhAI mugIrA binulaAsane dabula para humalo karavAne ravAnA karyo, jyAM duzmano upara temaNe phateha meLavI. hajharata usmAna khalIphA thayA tyAre temaNe IrAkanA hAkema abdullAha bina Amira bina kurejha upara hiMdustAnanI hAlatano khyAla meLavavAne mATe keI ne malavA lakhyuM, tethI teNe hakIma bhAgamAM jAya che. ane "thANeziyA" kapaDAM tyAMnAM mazahUra che. (bhA. 5 50 71-72. presa misara). mArkopolo lakhe che ke "ahI no pAdazAha Apakhuda che ane ahIMnI bhASA alaga che. (bahudhA koMkaNuM haze). e mulakamAM masAlA vagerenI pedAza nathI, paraMtu dhUpa ane gUgaLa tyAM puSkaLa pedA thAya che. paradezI jahAje ahIM cIje lAvI vece che ane ahIMthI pitAnA dezamAM bIjI cIjo lai jAya che. sAgare ahIMthI sonuM, cAMdI, trAMbuM, rU ane bIjI vastuo laI jAya che. ahIMnA hAkemanA hukamathI sedAgaranAM jahAje lUMTavAmAM AvatAM. hareka jAtane mAla pate laI rAjAne ghADA ApI devAmAM AvatA. ghaNuM karIne A ja kAraNathI mubAraka khalajIe tene potAnA tAbAmAM laI lIdhuM, jethI karIne sedAgare surakSita rahe. 1. dayabula:-e asala devalI uparathI thayeluM arabI rUpa che. tyAM eka mazahura devaLa hatuM te uparathI te zahera "devala nAmathI oLakhAyuM che. e siMdhanuM purANuM baMdara hatuM. te lAMbA samaya paryata pAyatakhta rahyuM hatuM. te lAharI baMdarathI phakta pAMca mAIlanA aMtare AveluM hatuM. pharitA ane abula phajhale devala ane ThaThThAne eka ja zahera gayAM che; paraMtu e temanI bhUla che. ThaThThA purANuM zahera nathI; e alAuddIna khalajInA jamAnAmAM vasyuM hatuM. ibna battAe amIra alAula mulkanI sAthe je khaMDiyero siMdhamAM joyAM hatAM te janarala kaniMgahAmanA saMzodhana pramANe e ja "devalanAM hatAM. lAharI baMdaranI AbAdIe ene teDI nAkhyuM. te 92deg 31" rekhAMza ane 24deg 20" akSAMza upara AveluM che. (hAMsiyA-ina batAriphAhe Ama presa, lAhera)

Page #207
musalamAnene saMbaMdha [ 15 bina jabbala abdIne ravAnA karyo. jyAre te pAcho pharyo tyAre hajharata usmAnanI pAse tene mokalyo. Inna jablaAe siMdha jevI hiMdanI sthiti dhArI laI evI rIte varNana karyuM ke hajharata usmAna pitAnI khilAta daramiyAna te tarapha dhyAna na Ape. I. sa. 6 09 (hi. sa. 39)mAM cothA khalIphA, hajharata alIe hArisa bina mararUla abdIne ahIM AvavAnI paravAnagI ApI. teNe ghaNuM laDAImAM vijaya meLavyo ane aMte I. sa. 662 (hi. sa. 42)mAM te mAryo gayo. tyArapachI I. sa. 664 (hi. sa. 44)mAM amIra muAviyAnA jamAnAmAM mohalaba bina abI supharAe satata humalAmAM kAmiyAbI hAsila karI. tyArapachI lAgalAgaTa hAkemo AvavA mAMDyA jemanA kabajAmAM hiMda ane siMdhanA sarahadanA bhAge paNa hatA. vAraMvAra teo dezanA asala vatanIo upara humalA karatA rahyA, temAM keTalIka vakhata vijayI thatA ane keTalIka vakhata parAjaya pAmatA. mArI dhAraNuM mujaba temanAM sthiti ane darajajo hAlamAM pezAvaranA cIpha kamiznaranA sarahadI IlAkAnA jevAM hatAM. mohallaba pachI eka eka je amaladAro AvyA temanAM nAma nIce pramANe cheH (1) abdullAha bina savArita abdI, (2) rAzida bina amerila jadIdIlaajhadI, (3) sinAna bina salamA hajhalI, (4) kyAda abdI, (5) ubadullAha bAhelI, (6) saIda lAbI, (7) mujAA tayamI, (8) mohammada namarI, (9) ubadullAha bina na bhAna. 1. kutU hulAbadAna balAjharI-phahe siMdha -mIrAte mehammadInA lekhake A bAbatamAM saMkhyAbaMdha bhUlo karI che. hajharata umaranA jamAnAmAM usmAna bina alaAsa sakazI umAnano hAkema hato. ane e ja kAraNathI temanA bhAI hakame thANuM upara caDAI karI hatI, nahi ke camananA hAkema abulaAse. e ja pramANe Ibda jabalA trIjA khalIphAnA jamAnAmAM saphara karavA Avyo na hato, paraMtu khalIphAnA hukamathI hiMdustAnanI paristhitino abhyAsa karavA Avyo hato. pAchA pharyA bAda khalIphA sAthe te vize vAta thaI hatI. keTalAka itihAsakAre A banAva hajharata umarane lAgu paDe che.

Page #208
196] gujarAtano ItihAsa I. sa. 705 (hi. sa. 86)mAM valIda bina abdulamaleka khilAphatanA takhta upara birAjyo tyAre hajajAja bina yusupha IrAkane hAkema hato, jenA hAtha nIce balucistAna, makarANa, ane siMdhanA sarahadI IlakA hatA. valIda bina abdulmaleka ja tamAma khalIphAomAM evo hato ke jenA hAtha nIce eziyA, yuropa, ane AphrikAne moTe bhAga hato. mULa araba nasalanA khalIphAomAM emanA jevo zAnadAra ane enA jeTalA tAbAnA dezone mAlika tyAra pachI kaI thayo nahi. evA pAdazAhe sAthe kudaratI rIte saMbaMdha bAMdhavAnI duniyAnA hareka pAdazAhanI marajI hatI. rAjakIya ane naitika rIte suleha saMpa rAkhavAnI mahattvAkAMkSA hareka pAdazAha pitAnA phAyadA mATe seve che. A ja sthiti valIdanI paNa hatI. eziyA, yuropa, AphrikAthI, TUMkamAM hareka dizAethI elacI darabAramAM AvatA hatA ane pitapotAnA pAdazAha taraphathI vizvAsa jAhera karatA hatA. laMkAno rAjA paNa eomAMne eka hato ane khilAphatanA darabAra sAthe rAjakIya ane netika rIte zuddha bhAvanAnI vRddhi karavA cAhato hato, tethI saMjogo anusAra tene mekko maLI gaye. te samaye arabe paNa pitAnAM raNomAMthI bahAra AvI raNavAsane chellI salAmI ApatA hatA ane duniyAnA hareka khUNAmAM phelAI jaI judAM judAM kAryomAM mazagUla thatA hatA.eja arabamAM keTalAka evA musalamAna hatA jeo laMkAmAM vepAra arthe AvyA hatA ane jemanI sAthe temanAM mAM chokarAM paNa hatAM. A ArabonuM avasAna thatAM laMkAnA rAjAe temanAM kuTuMbane khAsa vyavasthA karI khilAphatanA darabAramAM mokalI ApyAM ane te mATe hajajAjano vagavala meLavavA prayatna karyo; AthI hajajAja mATe keTalAMka vahANo InAma bakSIsothI bharelAM mekalyAM te IrAkanA mukhya baMdara basarA tarapha jatAM hatAM. tyAMnA hAkemanuM nAma hajajAja bina yusupha sakasI hatuM. te jahAje dabula (devala) najIka pahoMcyAM tyAre devalanAM lekee

Page #209
musalamAnAnA saMbaMdha [ 197 L+ te lUMTI lIdhAM. te vakhate banI yaraprUa khIlAnI eka strIe hAjanA nAmathI madada mAgI. A khakhara hAjate paheAMcI, hajA2e satvara eka patra siMdhanA rAjA dAhera upara lakhI darakhAsta karI ke je strIone giraphatAra karavAmAM AvI che temane chUTI karavI joi e temaja temanA mAla ane asmAba pAchA soMpavA joIe. rAjAe javAba ApyA ke e kAma DAkue kyuM che ane AvA luTArune mArAthI paheAMcI vaLAya ema nathI. te uparAMta araba gunegAre! khalIphA hajjAthI bacavAne siMdha nAsI AvyA hatA. arthAt gunegAro mATe siMdha AzrayasthAna banyuM hatuM; jeveka mAhammada allArIne banAva madUra che. tyArapachI hajajAje siMdhanA sarahada-hAkema abdullAhane lakhyuM ke devalanA dariyAI rasto musalamAne mATe bhayabharelA che, tethI keTalIka pheAja laI e rastAne sahIsalAmata banAvA. kamabhAgye mulkanA leAkeAe sakhata mukAbalA karyAM ane abdullAha mAryA gayeA. AthI muddepsa ajalIne hajajA mekalyA te gheADA bhaDakavAthI paDI maraNa pAmyA ane A kAma apUrNa rahyuM. bate vakhate cAra hArathI vadhunI pheAja na hatI. A uparathI ema jaNAya che ke zarUAtamAM siMdha phateha karavAnI icchA na hatI; phakta zikSA karavAne Uja mokalavAmAM AvI hatI; paraMtu hajjAja evA na hato ke eka kAma karavAnI icchA karI pachIthI apUrNAM hoDI de. e ati baLavAna ane mahattvAkAMkSI hatA. khe vakhatanI niSphaLatAthI ene khAtarI thaI ke e kaMI sAdhAraNa sarahadI banAva nathI ke je cetavaNI ApatI phAjathI khatama thAya. 1. balAjharIe laMkAnuM nAma jajhIratula cAMkUta lakhyu che. ane e nAma pADavAnA kAraNa mATe lakhyuM che ke tyAMnI strIo ati khUbasUrata che tethI ja ene jajhIratula cAkUta (mANekane beTa) kahevAmAM Ave che. huM dhAru huM ke A te pramANe nathI, paraMtu tyAM cAkUta (mANeka) puSkaLa nIkaLatAM hatAM, tethI e nAma paDayuM hatuM.

Page #210
98 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa AthI teNe kALajIpUrvaka e tarapha lakSa ApyuM ane sidha jItavAne makkama nizcaya karyo.1 hajAre A kAma mATe peAtAnA tamAma amaladAromAMthI meAhammada bina kAsima sakInI pasaMdagI karI. vayamAM te ghaNe nAne eTale ke phakta 17 varSanA hatA. A kAma mATe hAjane eTalI badhI lAgaNI hatI ke sAdhana sAmagrImAM pheja mATe sAya dvArA uparAMta rUmAM sUkavI sarakA paNu rAkhyA hato. mehammada khIna kAsima zIrAjha thaI i. sa. 711 (hi. sa. 93) mAM zukravArane divase devala (si Mdha) pahoMcyA ane tamAma sAmAna laDAyaka hathiyArA sahita tyAM pahoMcADavo. jyAre tene meLApa thayA tyAre siMdha upara lAgalagaTa humalA zarU karyAM ane eka pachI eka tamAma siMdha, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu kAzmIranI sarahada patanA muzke vijetAnA hAthamAM AvI gayeA. ane dAhiranA vajIranI mAraphata vahANAmAMthI giraphatAra thayelAM strI bALakA pAAM maLyAM. mAhammada kAsima i. sa. 714 (hi. sa, 96)mAM sulemAna khalIphAnA hukamathI kharatarapha thaI pAche gaye.. mAhammada kAsimanI hakIkata balAjharI phathasi dhanA hevAla pramANe me siMdhanI phatehanA tamAma khanAvA upara e kAraNathI vadhu vyA ke tyAMnA hAkemeAe vAraMvAra gujarAta upara caDAi karI hatI ane meAhammada gajhanavI pahelAM gujarAta arakhAe jItI lIdhu hatuM, paraMtu teo paga bAMdhI rahI zakayA na hatA. mAhammada bina kAsime jItelA mulkAnI sImA A che H dakSiNamAM kacchanuM raNa; uttaramAM mulatAna, rAvI, kAzmIranI sarahada; pazcimamAM karAMcI ane pU'mAM rajaputAnA. mehammada bina kAsamanA maraNu vize (haMdustAnanI tArIkheAmAMthI vicitra ghaTanA maLe che, jenu kaI 1. A tamAma banAvA akhenI vizvAsapAtra kitAba tArIkhe khalAjharI'mAMthI levAmAM AvyA che.

Page #211
musalamAnAnA saMbadha [ 199 paga mAthuM nathI. rAjA dAhiranI putrIone leAMDI tarIke khalIphAne tyAM mekalavAmAM AvI hatI ke nahi e bAbata sazodhana karavA lAyaka che. khIjuM e ke je leAkeA IslAmanI tArIkheAthI vAkepha che te sArI rIte jANe che ke khalIphA sulemAnane hajAja bina yUsuph, AphrikAnA hAkema musA ane turkastAnanA hAkema cutacchA bina muslima sAthe kyA kAraNathI adAvata hatI. huM mAnuM chuM ke A meAkkA upara TreMkamAM vAcakA mATe sAcI bAbate lakhuM. kharI vastusthiti e che ke sAmAnya phArasI itihAsakArAe parabhASAthI dUra rahI keTalIye jagyAe asatya banAvAnA ullekheA karyAM che. mAhammada bina kAsimane banAva paNa AmAMnA eka che; jevA ke Ama phArasI itihAse| jevA ke cacanAmA, phariztA, mAsUmI, tabakAte akArI, jhuddatutavArIkha, seyalamutaakhkharIna vagerenA kartAoe kA paNa itihAsanA AdhAra vagara pAtapeAtAnI kitAbemAM A banAvanA ullekha karyAM che. tyArapachI e tArIkhAmAMthI aMgrejI, hiMdI, gujarAtI, marAThI ane si MdhI bhASAomAM je itihAseA lakhavAmAM AvyA che temAM paNa temane paDadheA ja che. AthI A bhASAonA leAkA upara e banAva vAMcI bahu asara thai jatI heAya ema lAge che. prathama huM phArasI itihAsakArAe lakhelA banAvanuM varNana karuM chuM. rAnta dAhiranA mAryA gayA temaja brahmanAbAdane killeA jitAyA bAda lUMTanA mAla tarIke dAhiranI be putrI vijetAnA hAthamAM gaI. temanI khUbasUratI joI meAhammada bina kAsime temane khalIphAnI pAse meAkalavAnuM ucita samajI hajjAja mAraphata ravAnA karI dIdhI. khalIphA pAse pahoMcI tyAre temaNe kahyuM have ame khalIphAne lAyaka nathI, kAraNa ke meAhammada bina kAsima pahelethI ja khUbasUratInA bAganI bahAra lUTI cUkaye che. AthI khalIphAe gussAmAM AvI satvara eka pharamAna bahAra pADayuM ke meAhammada bina kAsimane jyAM hoya tyAMthI baLadanA cAmaDAmAM zIvI khalIphA pAse hAjara karavA.

Page #212
200 ] gujarAtano itihAsa A hukama mohammada bina kAsimane pahoMcyo tyAre kaMI paNa DhIla karyA sivAya hukamano amala thaye. traNa divasa pachI te A duniyA choDI gayo. A lAza khalIphAne pahoMcI tyAre teNe te dAhiranI putrIone batAvI. teo paNa te joI ati khuza thaI paraMtu sAthe sAthe khalIphAne paNa keTalIka nasIhata ApI ke khalIphAe kaI paNa kAma socI samajIne karavuM joIe, ane dosta duzmana temaja satya ane asatya tarapha paNa dhyAna ApavuM joIe. hakIkata to e che ke mohammada kAsima bekasUra hato. teNe to amane hAtha sudhdhAMtathI paNa sparza karyo nathI, paraMtu A kAma amee phakata verane laIne karyuM che, kAraNa ke teNe amAruM khAnadAna ane amArA mulkane vinAza karela che. khalIphAe nArAja thaI chokarIonI katala karI. A banAva keIke vigatavAra ane koIke TUMkamAM lakhe che, paraMtu emAM satyane bilakula abhAva che. A banAva prathama to "cacanAmA"mAM varNavavAmAM Avela che. asala e kitAba arabI jhabAnamAM hatI. sulatAna nAsirUdIna kabAcAnA jamAnAmAM e phArasI svarUpamAM bahAra paDI. anuvAdaka jaNAve che ke e kitAba eka arabI khAnadAnanA eka agragaNya zakhsa taraphathI maLI che, jenA bApadAdAomAMthI keIe te racI che. paraMtu je vaMzAvaLI ApavAmAM AvI che temAMthI harekanA samaya 25 varasano AyAthI paNa 225 varasa thAya che. eno artha e thAya che ke A kitAba avasAnanA banAva pachI paNa traNaso varase lakhavAmAM AvI che. tenA mukAbalAmAM trIjI ane cothI sadInA evA ghaNuM AdhArayukta itihAsakArenI kitAbo maLe che jemano darajo ghaNo UMco hato ane darabArI ane sarakArI saMbaMdhone laIne tamAma atihAsika AdhAre temanI sAme majuda hatA. vizvAsapAtra rAvIonAM khyAno temanuM samarthana kare che. tethI evA AdhArayukata arabI ItihAsomAMthI jANavA jevI bAbate meLavavAnI ApaNI pharaja che.

Page #213
musalamAnono saMbaMdha [201 kharI vAta e che ke khalIphA valIda bina abdula maleke pitAnA chevaTanA jamAnAmAM potAnA pachI tenA bhAI sulemAna bina abdula malekane badale tenA putra abdula ajhIjhane rAjyane hakadAra banAvavAnI kaziza karI. A mATe eka kAvataruM racavAmAM AvyuM, temAM rAjyanA moTA moTA hAkemee paNa bhAga bhajavyo hato. TUMkamAM teomAM hajajAja bina yUsupha ane kutabA bina muslima vagere paNa hatA. jemake AdhArayukta ane mazahUra arabI ItihAsa tArIkhe tabarI (bhAva 8, pR. 283)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "valIda bina abdulamaleke potAnA bhAI sulemAnane badale potAnA putra abdula ajhIjhane rAjyavArasa banAvavAnI IcchA karI. A kAvatarAne phejI amaladAre ane kavioe paNa phelAvyuM. te vakhate hajajAja bina yUsupha ane kutabA rAjyanA hakka uparathI sulemAnanI barataraphI bAbatamAM valIda sAthe gaMdathI joDAyA. abu Asima jhiyAdIe havAsa kabI uparathI nakala karI jaNAvyuM che ke ame leke hiMdamAM mehammada bina kAsima sAthe hatA, tyAre khudAe dAhiranI katala karI ane hajajAja taraphathI amArA upara eka patra Avyo ke sulemAnane baratarapha karo." A kAvataruM paripakava thatAM pahelAM ja hajajAjatuM avasAna thayuM, sAta mahinA bAda khalIphA valade paNa bIjI duniyA tarapha prayANa karyuM, ane sulemAne khalIphA thaye. balAjharI (pR. 428) lakhe che ke - kutubA, sulemAna bina abdula malakathI gabharAto hato, kAraNa ke teNe abdula ajhIjha bina valIdanI rAjavArasa tarIkenI nimaNUkamAM keziza karI hatI.' mArA uparanA ullekha uparathI mAlUma paDyuM haze ke kutabA, hajAja ane teNe pALI piSI moTo karelo mohammada bina kAsima vagere tamAme A kAvatarAmAM hisso lIdho hato. e ja kAraNathI

Page #214
202] gujarAtanA itihAsa sulemAne takhta upara birAjamAna thatAMnI sAthe temane kharatarapha ane kuda karavAnA hukama karyAM. hajAjanA maraNa pachI tenI jagyA IrAkanA hAkema sAliha bina abdura rahamAne lIdhI hatI. enA ja bhAI Adamane hajjAne khArecha hAvAnA zaka uparathI mArI nAkhyA hatA, AthI kudaratI rIte ja tene hajjAjanA khAnadAna upara tiraskAra hatA. teNe siMdhanI hakUmata yajhIda bina akhI kabjAne suprata karI. mehammada bina kAsimane pagamAM beDI sAthe IrAka lAvavAmAM AvyA ane tene ati julmI rIte mArI nAkhavAmAM AvyA; jemake tArI (pR0 1282)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke " valIda bina abdula maleka maraNa pAmyA ane sulemAna bina abdula maleka khalIphA thaye! tethI teNe sAlita bina abdura rehamAna ne IrAkane khaMDaNI-amaladAra (hu kaeNma) nImyA ane yajhIda bina kabjA sakasIne sindhaneA hAkema banAvyo, tethI meAhammada bina kAsimane pagamAM eDI sAthe ravAnA karavAmAM Avye. kAmila ibna asIra (pR0 4650, bhA0 4 mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che keH-- "tethI sAlihe tene (mehammada bina kAsima)ne vAsitA nAmanA zaheramAM keda karyAM ane Ale akhI akIla sAthe tene sakhata sajA karI ane Akhare tenI katala karI. ane hajAje sAlihanA bhAI AdamanI khArejI heAvAnA AreApasara katala karI." Ibna khadUna (bhA.3,pR., 66)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che keH-- "sulemAna bina abdula maleka khalIphA thayA tyAre teNe (mAhammada bina kAsimane) baratarapha karyAM ane yajhIda bina akhkhI kabjA sakasakIne sindhune hAkema banAvyA. yajhIde tene mAhammada bina kAsimane) girikatAra karI IrAka mAkalI ApyA. sAliha bina abdura rehamAne tene hAjanAM khIjA' sagAMvahAlAMo sAthe vAsitAmAM

Page #215
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [203 keda karI sakhata sajA karIne mArI nAkhyo. hajajAje tenA bhAI AdamanI katala karI hatI, kAraNa ke te khAreja hato." balAjharI (pR. 445)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke -"valIda bina abdula maleka marI gayuM ane sulemAna bina abdula maleka khalIphA thayo, tyAre sAliha bina abdura rehamAnane IrAkano hAkema banAvatrAmAM Avyo ane yajhIda bina kabbAne sindhano hAkema nImavAmAM Avyo, teNe mohammada bina kAsimane moAviA bina mehalaba sAthe keda karI mokalI dIdhe, tethI sAvihe tene Ale akIla sAthe sakhata raMjADI mArI nAkhe ane hajajAje sAlihanA bhAI Adama je khAre cha hato tene mArI nAkhyo hato." zuM A purAvA ApyA bAda paNa mohammada bina kAsimanA motane lagatI pAyA vinAnI vAta DAhyo mANasa mAnaze ? have e prazna rahyo ke baMne chokarIo giraphatAra thaI ke nahi. mArI mAnyatA mujaba e vAta paNa banavA joga nathI, kAraNa ke tamAma itihAsa, eka matanA che ke dAhiranA avasAna pachI tenAM strI, bahena ane putroe lAMbA samaya paryata Takkara jhIlI hatI; paraMtu jyAre ghera laMbAyo ane sakhatAI vadhI tyAre dAhiranI strI potAnI leDI ane mAlamatA sAthe satI thaI. rajapUtonI A hiMdustAnI khAsiyata purANuM jamAnAthI cAluM AvI che, Ane kAI InkAra karI zakatuM nathI. balAjharI (pR. 444)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "mohammada bina kAsime rAvara phateha karyuM. tyAM dAhiranI strI hatI, tene pakaDAI javAnI bIka hatI, tethI te mAla ane leDIo sAthe baLI marI, arthAt satI thaI." savAla e upasthita thAya che ke leDIo satI thaI to zuM putrIo mehammada bina kAsimanI rAha jotI besI rahI haze ? A uparAMta lUMTanA mAlanI yAdI A itihAsamAM che jemAM sonA cAMdInI mUrtine paNa ullekha che. AzcaryanI vAta to e che ke baMne chokarIo vize temAM kaMI jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI. tema chatAM

Page #216
-204] gujarAtano ItihAsa paNa e ja ItihAsamAM bIjI jagyAe jyAM evA banAvo banyA che ane zAhI khAnadAnanA loke giraphatAra thayA che temanAM nAma temAM cokkasa lakhyAM che. te uparathI ema sAbita thAya che ke dAhiranI be putrInuM khalIphA pAse javuM bilakula galata vAta che; emAM koIpaNa rIte satyatA nathI. siMdhanI hakUmatanuM khyAna mahammada kAsima pachI yajhIda bina abI kaSNA sakasakI ane pachI habIba bina mohallaba hAkema thaye. tenA pachI umara bina muslima bAhelI thayo tyAra pachI (I. sa. 7ra6) hi. sa. 107 mAM juneda bina abdura rehamAna murInI khalIphA hizAma taraphathI siMdhanA svataMtra hAkema tarIke nimaNUka thaI. junaide AMtarika vyavasthA cokkasa karI ane siMdha upara majabUta kabaje thaI gaye tyAre te gujarAta tarapha pharyo. te siMdhathI pasAra thaI maramada (mAravADa) AvyA ane tyAMthI mela (mAMDala, viramagAma najIka) gaye. ane mAMDalathI dhiNoja pahoMcyo ane dhiNojathI gujarAtanA mazahUra baMdara bharUca upara humalo karyo. tyArapachI tyAMthI junaida mALavA tarapha pharyo tenA chAtIcalA amaladAra habIbe ujena upara caDAI karI ane tyAMthI junaida baharImada pahoMcyo. tyAMthI (bhinnamAla) ane jujhara (gujarAta) jItI siMdha pAcho pharyo. junaidanA jItelA muzkenI rUparekhA nIce pramANe che: 1. paraMtu samarArA (pRra7 che. vaDodarAmAM maMDalane mAravADa kahyuM che. ati saMbhavita che ke araboe maramaMDalane be zabdo karyA haze; arthAta mane badale mahamada ane maMDalane badale madala. 2. balAjharI (pR. 448. pre. yurepa) keTalAMka sthaLo purANuM nakazAmAM paNa maLatAM nathI, tethI nAchUTake te ja arabI nAma rAkhyAM che; jemake maramada (mAravADa) baharImada, vagere. dhenujAdhiNeja naharavALA pATaNathI AgaLa rAdhanapura najIka eka jagyAnuM nAma che. AjakAla e eka nAnuM sarakhuM gAma

Page #217
musalamAnane saMbaMdha [ ra05 dakSiNa gujarAtamAM te samaye cAlukya khAnadAnanuM rAjya hatuM. tenI asala hakUmata to dakSiNamAM hatI ane gujarAta tenA tAbAmAM hatuM. e khAnadAnanI hakUmata I. sa. 6 34 (hi. sa, 12)thI mAMDI I. sa. 740 (hi. sa. 123) paryata rahI. bharUcamAM gujara lokonuM rAjya hatuM ane te sarva upara cAlukyanA solaMkI khAnadAnanI zahenazAhata hatI. gujarAtanA lagabhaga tamAma kinArA valabhInA rAjAonI sattA, nIce hatA, jemanI tArIpha pAchaLathI AvanArA araba musApharee karI hatI. e valabhInA rAjAo ane AsapAsanA bIjA rAjAo sAthe je laDAIo cAlu rahI hatI tenuM varNana paNa e musApharoe karyuM che. juneda pachI tamIma atabI ane tenA pachI hakama bina avAnA hAkema thayuM. tyAra pachI eka pachI bIjo ema hAkemo AvatA rahyA; eTale sudhI ke umaiyA saltanatane badale ambAsiyA saltanata zarU thaI, ane abbAsI hAkemo AvavA lAgyA. I. sa. 757 (hi. sa. 140)nI lagabhaga khalIphA majUra abbAsIe hizAma bina umara tathyabIne siMdhanA hAkema banAvyo tyAre teNe umara bina jamAlane judAM judAM sthaLo jItavAne mokalyo. teNe bArabuda (bhALabhUta) upara humalo karyo ane hareka jagyAe jIta meLavI te pAcho pharyo. tyArapachI khuda hizAme jahAjone eka kArla taiyAra karAvI dariyAI mArge gaMdhAra upara caDAI karI vijetA tarIke dAkhala che. nakazA uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te mAMDala pahelAM dhiNeja Avyo haze, ane tyArapachI bharUca gaye haze. "NinamAna" mulatAna ane pATaNa vacce 16 jajana (eka jana ATha mAilane hoya che)nA aMtare che. (alahiMda albarUnI, pR. 73, chapAyela yurepamAM). AjakAla jhAlora IlAkA pAlanapuranA rAjyamAM zAmela che. (tArIkhe pAlanapura, pR0 136) 1 gaMdhAra -balAjharIe (pR. 446 chapAyela yuro5) "kundahAra" zabda vAparyo che. paraMtu keTalAka itihAsakAre kahe che ke "kundahAra kAbUlamAM

Page #218
206 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa thaI baddhamaMdiranI jagyAe eka majida yAdagArI tarIke baMdhAvI. ghaNuM karIne gujarAtamAM arabAe baMdhAvelI e pahelI majida che. khalIphA alamahadI bilAha abbAsIe I. sa. 775 (hi. sa159)mAM abdulamaleka bina zihAba mammIne saMpUrNa sarajAma sAthe jehAda mATe mokalyo tenI sAthe svayaMsevaka zeja paNa hatI, jemAM abubakra rabIa bina sabIha sAdI basarI nAmanAra khAjA AvelA "kaMdahAra" mATe vAparavAmAM AvyuM nathI, paraMtu e zabda "gaMdhAra"nuM arabI rUpa che. ne saurASTra upara AveluM e gaNAtuM hatuM (jhakAullAhanI tArIkhe hiMda, bhA. 1 lo pR0 234). paraMtu kharI vAta A che: purANA itihAsamAMthI ema jaNAya che ke gaMdhAra eka moTuM baMdara hatuM, je ghaMghA ane pIrama TApunI sAme hatuM. akabaranA jamAnAmAM eka vakhata jainI itihAsamAM enuM nAma Ave che ke eka zakhsa tyAMthI dariyAI raste siMdha gaye; je uparathI mAluma paDe che ke te samaya paryata e zahera mAjida ' hatuM. abula phajhale paNa ene ullekha karyo che. hAlamAM bharUca ji9lAmAM e nAmanuM eka gAma che je vize ema kahevAya che ke te eka meTuM zahera hatuM, paraMtu te nadIne laIne tUTI gayuM. araba e jagyAe AvyA hoya e saMbhavita che. ibna batRtA pitAnA sapharanAmAmAM lakhe che ke kAvIlathI nIkaLI ame baMdhAra pahoMcyA. e hiMduonuM eka moTuM zahera samudra kinAre AveluM che. tyAMnA rAjAnuM nAma jAyasI (jayasiMha rAjapUta) che. e pAdazAha islAmanA hAtha nIce che ane hareka sAla khaMDaNa bhare che. gaMdhAra pahoMcyA tyAre te amAre AdarasatkAra karavAne bahAra Avyo ane amAruM ati sanmAna karyuM. amAre mATe potAno mahela khAlI karAvyuM, temAM UtaryA. mahAna musalamAna umarA tenA taraphathI satkAra mATe AvyA. temAM khAjA beharAno putra hato ane kastAna IbrAhIma hatA. A zakhsanAM potAnI mAlikInAM jahI che. amo e zaherathI samudramAM ravAnA thayA... ane be divasanI saphara pachI pIrama TApumAM pahoMcyA." A uparathI ema jaNAya che ke AThamI sadInA madhyakALa paryata e mazahura ane jAhojalAlIvALuM baMdara hatuM. 2. rabIa bina sabIhussa sAdI abubakra (abUiphasa) paNa enI kuniyata

Page #219
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 207 hasananA zAgirda paNa hatA, jemane "tAbe thavAnuM mAna paNa maLyuM hatuM. phAjhela calpIe kalphajha junUnamAM lakhyuM che ke musalamAnomAM e pahelA ja zamsa hato ke jeNe kitAba racI hatI,1 TUMkamAM e pheja I. sa. 776 (hi. sa. 160)mAM bArabuda (bhALabhUta)ra pahoMcI (pitRgata nAma hatuM.) basarI maulA banI sAda bina zRMda manAta...bina tamAma eka mazahura tAbeI (e zabada je mANasa pukhta umarane, akalavALo ane musalamAna hovA uparAMta sahAbIne joyA hoya evA mATe vaparAya che ane sahAbI zabda je pukhta umaranA, akalavALA musalamAne mohammada pegaMbara (sala.)ne joyA hoya tene mATe vaparAya che.)hatA. inta mArAmAM jehAda vizenI akhUbakranI rivAyata che.-(pR. 204, pR. dilahI. nijhAmI) tabakAI temna sAdamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke jehAda mATe samudramArge hiMdamAM gayA. temanA avasAna pachI hiMdanA TApuomAMnA ekamAM temanI daphanakriyA karavAmAM AvI. A banAva khalIphA mahadInA zarUAtanA samayamAM eTale ke I. sa. 776 (hi. sa. 160)ne che. pR0 36 bhA. 7, vibhAga 2. chapAyela lIDanamAM). 1. cAde adhyAma, alIgaDha -huM dhAruM chuM ke phAjhela capIne abhiprAya sAce nathI. islAmamAM kitAba racanAra prathama zamsa amIra muAviyAna pautra khAlida hato. tene vidyAno ati zokha hato te e vAta uparathI jANavA maLe che ke teNe paramanA viSayo jevA ke vaidakazAstra ane kImiyAne paNa abhyAsa karI traNa risAlA lakhyA hatA. ane te samaye yunAnI jhabAnamAMthI anuvAda karavAnuM paNa zarU karI dIdhuM hatuM. te jamAnAno mazahura anuvAdaka istaphana hato. tyArapachI to tarajUmAM ane asala graMthane eka silasilo zarU thaI gayo ane amalI khAnadAnanA keTalAka khalIphAoe emAM pUNa rasa lIdhe. TUMkamAM mahadI abbAsIthI pahelAM vidyAkaLAne daravAje khelAI cUkayo hate. (rasAIle ziblIviSaya tarAjima) tahajhIbutatahajhIbamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke rAma haramujhIe phAselamAM lakhyuM che ke "basarAmAM e pahelo graMthakAra che" pR. 248, bhA. 3, D0 dAIrala maAripha-haidarAbAda. ahIMthI ghaNuM karIne nakala karanAranI gerasamaja thaI che. 2. bArabuda -asala e "bhALabhUta" che, bharUcathI lagabhaga 21 mAIla upara pazcimamAM kinArAnuM eka sthaLa che, (jhapharavAlA bhA. 1, pR. 228,

Page #220
208 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa ane hareka jagyAe phateha hAsila karI, paraMtu te samaye dariyAmAM bharatI hatI te UtaravAnI rAha jotA abdulamaleka keTalAka divasa tyAM rahyo. e samaye ekAeka AmAhavA kharAba thaI gaI ane eka hajAra mANasA marI rAganA bhAga thayA. e ja khImArIthI rakhIa bina sakhIhanuM avasAna thayuM. ane tyAM ja temanI daphanakriyA karavAmAM AvI. e vakhate gujarAtamAM vanarAja cAvaDe! rAjya karatA hatA ane kinArAnA bhAga upara valabhInA khAnadAnanI hakUmata hatI. arakhAne gujarAta upara A chellA humalA hatA. tyArapachI valabhInA khAnadAnanI yukti prayuktine laine aramene temanI viruddha kaMI paNa phariyAda rahI nahi; arakha leAkeA khIjI sadInA aMta paryaMta kinArA upara sArI rIte vepAra karatA rahyA. te pachI trIjI sadInI zarUAtamAM ane yAgarAjanA AkharI samayamAM araba vepArIone sAmanAtha ane kacchamAM gujarAtIoe lUMTavAnuM zarU karyu... ane tethI ja adAvatane pAyA naMkhAyA. te pachI hijarI trIjI sadInI zarUAta eTale ke hi. sa. 237 (I. sa. 851)mAM sulemAna serApI (basarI) gujarAtanAM baMdare upara AvyA hatA, te gujarAta vize lakhe che ke "hiMdustAnamAM gujarAtane eka pAdazAha che. tenI pAse eka mahAna lazkara che. enA jevA dhADA hiMdustAnamAM kAi pAse nathI. te arA (musalamAne)ne duzmana che, para`tu arabastAnanA pAdazAhane mahAna pAdazAha gaNe che, ane enAthI moTA islAmanA kAi duzmana nathI. tenI eka khAsa bhASA che. te ati dolatamaMda che. puSkaLa dvArA ane janAvarone mAlika che. tyAMnAM lokA cAMdInA TukaDAthI levaDadevaDa kare che. ane kahevAya che ke tyAM bahu laMDana) jyAre e bhAdaravA sAthe Ave (je lagabhaga 18 varasa pachI Ave che) tyAre tyAM eka meLeA bharAya che. kaMika leAkeAnI jamAvaTa temaja kaida meAsamanI asarathI e meLA vakhate kAlerA jarUra phATI nIkaLe che. sAdhAraNa rIte AvI rIte e mazahUra che.

Page #221
musalamAnene saMbaMdha [ 209 khANe che ane e mulkamAM cere vize zAMti che." (te samaye guja rAtamAM kSemarAjanI hakUmata hatI.) hi. trIjI sadInA madhya bhAgamAM abula hasana cheda sarAphI Avyo nahi. sa. 264 I. sa. 877) te paNa e ja pramANe lakhe che. asanI vAta che ke teNe enAthI kaMI vadhAre na lakhyuM. e bhuvaDarAja cAvaDAno samaya hato. hi. cothI sadInI zarUAtamAM arthAta hi. sa. 303 (I. sa. 915)mAM abulahasana alI bina husena je masudI nAmathI jANItuM hatuM te musApharI karato karato siMdha ane hiMdamAM Avyo. teNe pitAnA ItihAsa (marUjugajhahaba)mAM ghaNuM jagyAe gujarAtanI tene jamAnAnI paristhiti vize lakhyuM che, je nIce pramANe cheH "tyArapachI hiMdanA kinAre kinAre mANasa bharUcanA kinArA paryata pahoMce che, ane tyAMthI cIna paryata. e ja bharUca zaheranA bhAlA mazahUra che. ane e ja kAraNathI te bharUcI bhAlA" kahevAya che? ane evI ja rIte hiMdanuM khaMbhAta zahera joyuM. e ja zaheranA jeDA prakhyAta che. e ja kAraNathI te "khaMbhAtI jaDA" kahevAya che. e joDA khaMbhAta uparAMta tenI pAse AvelA saMdArA (bharUca najIka) ane sopArA (thANA najIka mAM bane che ane huM hi. sa. 303 (I. sa. 815)mAM e zaheramAM pahoMcyo. rAjA e ja zaheramAM rahe che ane te hiMdu vANiyo che. te balaharA (vallabharAya)nA hAtha nIce che. e rAjA carcAne bahu zokhIna che. musalamAna ke bIje kaI paradharmI AvI pahoMce che to tenI sAthe te vArtAlApa kare che. e zahera samudranI khADInA eka akhAta upara vaseluM che. ane e akhAta nAila nadI (misara) yukreTisa ane tegrisathI paNa vadhAre paheLe che. tenI AsapAsa ghaNAM moTAM gAma ane zahera AvelAM che. moTI moTI imArato bAMdhavAmAM AvelI che. khajUra, nALiyera 1. silasilatuta tavArIkha, pRra 28, chapAyela perisa 2. bhA. 1, pR0 129, pAyela misara 14

Page #222
210] gujarAtano itihAsa mera ane pipaTa puSkaLa che. zaherathI mAMDI akhAta paryata lagabhaga be divasanuM aMtara che. jyAre emAM eTa thAya che tyAre aMtara eTaluM vadhI jAya che ke tamAma jamIna eka raNa mAphaka mAluma paDe che. tyArapachI jyAre bharatI Ave che te te eTalI jaladI Ave che ke ghaNI vakhata kUtarAone mAluma paDI jatAM jaladI jaladI jamIna tarapha doDe che, paraMtu Akhare samudranA mojAM temane godamAM laI paNa le che. (bhA. 1, pR. 177) ane gujarAtane pAdazAha emanI (vallabharAya) sAthe potAnA rAjyanI eka bAju upara laDAI kare che. gujarAtanA rAjA pAse puSkaLa gheDA, UMTa, ane lazkara che. tene e khyAla che ke IrAkI (bagadAdanA) pAdazAha sivAya duniyAmAM tenI barAbarI kare e bIjo koI nathI. e rAjA magarUra ane dabadabAvALo che. bIjA pAdazAhe enI sahemAM kheMcAya che. e uparAMta te musalamAnone duzmana che. tenI pAse saMkhyAbaMdha hAthIo che. tenA mulkanI eka khAsa jhabAna che. tyAM sonA cAMdInI khANe che ane tenAthI ja leNadeNa cAle che. (bhA. 1, pR. 210). ane hiMdanA jillA lAra (bharUcathI thANu paryata)nuM zahera samUra (camUra)mAM dAkhala thayo je vallabharAyanI saltanatamAM zAmela che. e banAva hi. sa. 304 (I. sa. 916)ne che. ane AjakAla cemUranA pAdazAhanuM nAma jAja (jAnja) che. (ghaNuM karIne zAha zabda mATe vAparyo haze.) ane atyAre ahIM dasa hajAra musalamAna vase che, jemAM biyAsarA (hiMdI musalamAna) uparAMta sayarApha, basarA, bagadAda, temaja bIjA mukenA leke paNa rahe che. temaNe lagnavivAha karI e mulkane potAnuM vatana banAvyuM che. ahIM vepArI vargamAM meTA moTA lokone samAveza thAya che, jevAke mUsA ane IsahAka sadApurI. ane "hunaramaMda"nA heddA upara AjakAla abU saIda che, je Inta jhakariyA nAmathI oLakhAya che. hunaramaMda" eka hedo che je upara sarva musalamAne eka

Page #223
musalamAnene saMbaMdha [ 211 mata thaI pitAnAmAM UMcI pAyarI bhagavatA zakhsanI nimaNUka kare che. (jemake nAmanA mukhI ke paTela hoya che, ane sarva tenA hukamanuM pAlana kare che ane te Ama musalamAnonA hakkAnI saMbhALa rAkhe che. te kAmane amIra jevA che. "biyAsarA" "besirA"nuM bahuvacana che. je musalamAna khuda hiMdamAM pedA thayo hoya ane tyAM ja vatana gaNI rahyo hoya tene "sirA" kahevAmAM Ave che. tyArapachI tyAM keTalAya (hiMdu) navajavAnone meM joyA je pAna khAIne bajAramAM pharI AvI Aga (citAnI pAse pahoMcyA tyAre khaMjara laI pitAnI chAtI cIrI nAMkhI pitAne DAbe hAtha aMdara nAkhyo ane potAnuM jIgara kheMcI kADhI temAMthI eka TukaDe kApo ane vAta karatAM karatAM potAnA bhAIone Ape. ane Ama karI temane IrAde bahAdurI batAvavAnuM che. tyArapachI te AgamAM paDe che. AvI rIte kAI pAdazAha (rAjA) je marI jAya ke ApaghAta kare te ghaNuM mANaso tenI pAchaLa baLI mare che. AvA leke balAle jariyA' kahevAya che, enuM ekavacana "balAla jara" che. eno artha je zakhsa rAjAnA motanI sAthe mota ane tenI hayAtInI sAthe hayAtImAM aDaga rahe tevo thAya che. megIra (mAnakheLa)ne rAjA vallabharAyanA mulkamAM AvelA saMdhAna (caMdAna) ane khaMbhAtamAMthI lIlamanI suMdara jAta hiMdustAnathI 1. A zabdane khare tarajUme AjakAla yureziyana che. IrAnamAM pedA thayelA ane muvalladIna ane hiMdamAM pedA thayelAne "biyAsarA" kahevAmAM AvatA hatA. asala e saMskRta zabda che jeno artha "khaccara" che. tyArapachI e gujarAtImAM be kema (araba ane hiMdu)nAM mAbApathI pedA thayela nA arthamAM vaparAye. 2. mArA khyAla mujaba e ja lokonuM nAma "rAma hariyA" che. hareka rAmahariyAnI pharaja rAjA sAthe niraMtara rahevAnI hatI. tenI sAthe ja te maraNane zaraNa thatA. e tenA kAyamanA aMgarakSaka hatA.

Page #224
212 ] gujarAtane itihAsa bahAra jAya che. prakAza, lIlAza ane caLakATamAM te upara varNavyA jeTale umadA che, paraMtu pharaka mAtra eTale che ke A majakUra paththarathI vadhAre sakhata ane vajanadAra che, ane hareka zakhane taphAvata mAluma paDato nathI. phakta hoziyAra jhaverI ja te samajI zake che. ane e hiMdI lIlamane jhaverI "makkI" nAmathI oLakhe che, kAraNa ke hidathI eDana baMdarethI pasAra thaI makkAnA bajAramAM laI jaI tene vecavAmAM Ave che. tethI loko tene "makkI ja kahe che. (bhA 01. pR. 511) gujarAtamAM te samaye vIrasiMga cAvaDAnI hakUmata hatI." tyArapachI I. sa. 851 (hi. sa. 340)mAM IstakharI, I. sa. 977 (hi. sa. 836)mAM Igna hekala ane I. sa. 885 (hi. sa. 375)mAM bassArI mukasI siMdha ane gujarAtamAM AvyA. temanA vize upara varNana AvI gayuM che. cothI sadInI Akhara ane pAMcamI sadInI zarUAtamAM I. sa. 1017 (hi. sa. 408)mAM abUrIhAna bIrUnIe gujarAta vize je kaMI pitAnI "ktiAbula hinda'mAM lakhyuM che te nIce pramANe che - kaccha jyAMthI mumbara (eka jAtanI davA) nIkaLe che te dvArakAthI 6. somanAthathI 14 ane khaMbhAtathI 30 divasanA rastA jeTale aMtare che. te pachI khaMbhAtathI asAvala be, bharUca 30, ane saMdAna (caMdAna) 50 divasanA rastAnA jeTalA aMtare AveluM che. saMdAnathI sopArA 6 ane thANuM 5 divasanA rastA jeTalA aMtara upara che. (pR. 102) ema kahevAya che ke kAMkaNanA DAMka jaMgalamAM (ghaNuM karIne DAMga" haze) zarU nAmanuM cepanuM janAvara hoya che, jenI pITha upara paNa cAra paga hoya che. tene eka nAnI sUMDha tathA be meTAM ziMgaDAM paNa hoya che. tenAthI te hAthIne mAre che tyAre tenA be TukaDA karI nAkhe che. te bheMsanI jAtanuM geMDAthI paNa moTuM prANI che. koIka vakhate te koI jAnavarane mAre che ane maraNa pAmI te

Page #225
musalamAnAnA saMbaMdha [ 213 jAnavara tenI pITha upara jaI paDI ane saLI jatAM temAM kIDA paDe che tyAre te kIDA zarUnI pITha upara phelAi jAya che (athavA te bahudhA tene tenAthI takalIpha pahoMcatI haze) tethI te pIThane kAI jhADa sAthe eTalI te dhase che ke Akhare ghAyala thaI marI jAya che. ( tiAmula hiMda, khirUnI pR. 99 chapAyela yurApa), meghagarjanA sAMbhaLI UMcI jagyA upara ke TekarInA zikhara upara jaI kAI jAnavarane avAja samajI tenI talAza kare che. ge'DAnuM mAMsa phakta brAhmaNa khAya che. ane sAmethI AvatA hAthIne peAtAnAM zigaDAM vaDe jhakhmI karatAM meM joyA." (pR. 100) ala bIIe gujarAtanAM mazahUra zaherA nIce pramANenAM lakhyAM che : aNuhIlavADA, seAmanAta(tha), lAradeza arthAta bharUca), rAhataskUla (rAMdera), kaccha, khaMbhAta, asAvala, sadAna, sApArA, thANA, dvArakA, bhilamAna. somanAtha ane kaccha vize lakhe che ke e luTArAnAM rahevAnAM sthaLeA che. e leAkA cAMciyAne! dhadhA kare che. (pR0 102) sarasvatI nadI pUmAM sAmanAtha pAsethI pasAra thai samudrane maLe che, ane nama dA pUrva pahADathI nIkaLI naiRtya tarapha bharUca najIka samudramAM paDe che. (pR. 130) ane caMdranAM nakSatrA vize leAkeA kahe che ke e sa` prajApatinI putrIe che. cadre e sarva sAthe lagna karyAM, paraMtu temAMthI rUAhiNIne te vadhAre cAhatA hatA, tethI bAkInI strIone adekhAi AvatI hatI. teoe Akhare pitA AgaLa phariyAda karI. Ape sulehazAMti tathA hakkonI samAnatA jALavavA bahu prayatna karyo ane hareka rIte tene samajAvyA, paraMtu kai kAma AvyuM nahi, tethI teNe zApa dIdhA, jenI asarathI tene rapittanA reAga lAgu pADyo. AthI caMdra zaramAI gayA ane pazcAttApa karato tenI pAse AvyA. prajApatie kahyuM : mArI vAta je thaI te thaI, paraMtu tuM tArI e* ardhAM

Page #226
214] gujarAtano itihAsa mAsa chupAI rahI gupta rAkha. tyAre caMdra kahyuM ke mArAM AgaLanAM pApanI asaranuM nivAraNa kevI rIte thAya. prajApatie kahyuM : mahAdevanA liMganI mUrti banAvI tenI pUjA kara; te tAre mAlika thaze. pachI teNe tema karyuM. "ema"ne artha caMdra ane "nAtha" eTale mAlika arthata "caMdrane mAlika te ja paththara "manAtha" che. hi. sa. 416mAM amIra mahamUde ukheDI te toDI nAkhyo ane tenA TukaDA tathA sonAnAM tAja ane sAMkaLa gajhanA laI gayo. tenA keTalAka TukaDA gajhanAnA medAnamAM thANezvaranA cakezvaranI mUrti sAthe paDyA che. temaja keTalAka TukaDA jAme masjidanA daravAjA para che, je vaDe leke pitAnA paganI vaLagelI mATI kADhI nAkhe che. eka bIjI jagyA upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke adyApi paNa gajhanAnA medAnamAM somanAthanuM mAthuM paDeluM che. je mahAdevanA liMganA rUpanuM che. (pR. pa6) vaLI meM sAMbhaLyuM che ke eka RSie mahAdevane pitAnI patnI sAthe joyA ane zaMkAzIla thaI tene zApa dIdho ke tAruM liMga raheze nahi, tyAre te bhAga sapATa thaI gayuM. tyAra pachI teNe RSi pAse jaI dalIlo saha pitAnI nirdoSatA jAhera karI ane tene vahema dUra karyo. teNe kahyuM "khera je thayuM te thayuM paraMtu huM enA badalAmAM A pramANe karuM ke je cIja tArI pAse nathI rahI tenI mahattA gaNavI kemAM ene pUjya karIza." A liMganA paththaramAM bilakula eba hevI joIe nahi. te lAMbe ane ghATIle he joIe. eno poNo bhAga jamInamAM daTAyelo ane trIjA bhAganI pachI uparathI ATha bAju maDhelo hovo joIe. e bhAI piMDa kahevAya che. tenuM vartuLa nAnuM ke bArIka karavAthI dhAMdhala mace che ane jamInamAM ochuM dATavAthI rogacALo phelAya che. ane banAvatI vakhate khIlA mAravAmAM Ave to zaherano hAkema pitAnA khAnadAna saha pAyamAla thaI jAya che. rastAmAM uDAvatI vakhate tene keIpaNa jAtane dhakko vAge to tema karanArane vinAza thAya che. mulkamAM tephAna ane

Page #227
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 21 bImArI phelAya che. dakSiNa hiMdustAnanA hareka gharamAM somanAthanI mRti (liMga) mATe eka jagyA mukarara hoya che. paraMtu somanAtha sauthI moTuM che. tene mATe gaMgAthI hararoja eka ghaDo pANI ane kAzmIrathI kUla maMgAvavAmAM Ave che. ( alabIrUna pR. 2para, presa yuropa ) "te lekenI evI mAnyatA che ke e deva purANI bImArI maTADe che ane hareka asAdhya rogane IlAja enI pAse che. somanAthanI ATalI badhI prakhyAtinuM kAraNa e che ke te eka baMdara che. ane vepAra athe cIna ane jhAMjhIbAra sudhInA lake tyAM Ave che. A samudramAM bharatI ane oTanAM kAraNa vize lokono evo khyAla che ke samudramAM eka agni devatA che tenuM nAma "vaDavAnala" che; te haMmezAM zvAsa le che. zvAsa aMdara levAthI "eTa" ane bahAra kADhavAthI "bharatI" thAya che. jemake mAnI dharmanA loko mAne che ke samudramAM eka rAkSasa che. jenA zvAsocchavAsathI bharatI oTa thAya che. amuka lekeno khyAla e che ke caMdranA vadhavA tathA ghaTavAthI samudramAM bharatI ane oTa thAya che. ane sarva leko caMdra ane somanAthane eka ja samaje che. ane te e kAraNathI ke te paththara (somanAtha) samudrane kinAre sarasvatI nadInA mukha AgaLa pazcimamAM 1/3 mAIlathI paNa oche aMtare daTAyelo hato. ane te "sundarA dvArakAthI pUrvamAM hato jyAM kRSNa rahyA hatA, ane je tenI tala thavAnI jagyA ane tenA khAnadAnanI laDavAnI tathA temane bALavAnI jagyAnI pAse che. caMdra jyAre bahAra Ave che tyAre bharatI thAya che ane e paristhitimAM liMganI mUrti pANImAM DUbI jAya che. tyArapachI bapore ane rAtrinA samaye eTa thavAthI te bahAra Ave che. jANe ke caMdra tene nAhavAnI vyavasthA mATe nokara che. tethI ja lokee caMdramA sAthe ene saMbaMdha batAvyuM. ane je kille tenI AsapAsa banAvavAmAM Avyo che tathA tenA khajAnAnI

Page #228
216] gujarAtano ItihAsa osapAsa che te purANe nathI, paraMtu lagabhaga 100 varasa haze. arthAt vairisiMha cAvaDAnA jamAnAmAM te banAvavAmAM Avyo.] (alabIranI pR0 253 chapAyela yuro5). ane keTalAka loko je somanAtha najIka rahe che temaNe mane kahyuM che ke te lekanAM vajana, mApa ane tela amArA jevA ja che; jemake eka "miskAla"nA ATha "ha" che ane "eka "ha"nA be "pAla" ane eka "pAsa"nA 16 "java" hoya che. AvI rIte eka miskAlanA ATha "roha" ane 16 "pAla" ane 256 "java" hoya che. (pR. 77) rohanuM bIjuM nAma "mAzA" paNa che. AvI rIte somanAthanI hadamAM eka sAlanA traNa vibhAga che ane hareka vibhAganA cAra mahinA hoya che. paheluM comAsuM azADathI zarU thAya che, bIje ziyALo, ane trIje unALA. (pR. 180). - "balabA (vallabharAya), baliyA zahera (valabhIpura)ne rAjakartA hato, je aNahIlavADanI dakSiNamAM 30 majala upara che." (pR. 205). valabhIpuranI pAyamAlI vize te lakhe che ke "leke kahe che ke eka zakhsa siddhi prApta karI hatI tene keTalAka bharavADoe pUchayuM ke 'eka choDa (je thora kahevAya che) te tame je che ke jene teDavAmAM Ave te sapheda dUdhane badale lAla lahI nIkaLe che?" teNe javAba Ape ke "hA, te meM joyuM che. te zakhe te bharavADane kaI vastu bakSisa tarIke ApI ane teNe te cheDa batAvyuM. pelA mANase eka khADo khodI temAM Aga saLagAvI ane te barAbara saLagI gaI tyAre teNe bharavADanA kutarAne upADI te AgamAM pheMkI dIdhe. AthI bharavADa roSe bharAyo ane teNe te ja zamsane Agane havAle karyo. Aga helavAya tyAMsudhI te tyAM beTho ane tene mAluma paDyuM ke baMne senAnA thaI gayA hatA. teNe potAnA kUtarAne laI lIdho, ane te mANasane tyAM ja rahevA dIdho. karmasaMjoge eka gAmaDiye tyAMthI pasAra thayo teNe tenI AMgaLI kApI lIdhI ane eka

Page #229
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 217 raMka (garIba) nAmanA vANiyAne vecI dIdhI. te vaDe pitAnI jarUrI cIje laI te pAcho pharyo. bIje divase teNe joyuM ke AMgaLI pharIthI UgI barAbara thaI gaI hatI. teNe pharIthI te kApI majakUra vANiyAne vecI dIdhI ane jarUrI cIjo kharIdI. A pramANe te dararoja karato hato. Akhare vANiyAe te vizenI kharI bAbatanI pUchaparacha karI. pilA gAmaDiyAe paNa cokkasa hakIktathI khule dile tene vAkepha karyo. vANiyo ati cAlAka hate. meka tyAMthI te sonAnA AdamIne uThAvI lAvyo. pachIthI te dhanADhaya thaI gayo ane zaheranA moTA bhAganAM makAne tenI mAlikInAM thayAM tenI dolatamaMdInI vAta valabhInA rAjAne kAne AvatAM teNe vANiyAnI pAse e mAlanI mAMgaNI karI. (bahudhA sonAnI mUrtinI mAgaNI karI haze). vANiyAe sApha inkAra karyo, paraMtu tenA dilamAM bhaya peThe ke rAja ke sAdhI jarUra vera leze, AthI teNe majUrA (siMdhanuM pAyatanta je AjakANa verAna avasthAmAM che )nA hAkema pAsethI madada mAMgI ane puSkaLa dhanane vyaya karI dariyAI kAphlo moklavAnI vinaMti karI; AthI mansurAthI dariyAI kAle Avyo ane rAtri samaye teNe humalo karyo, temAM valabhIno rAjA mAryo gayo, zahera lUMTAyuM, ane prajAnI pAyamAlI thaI. loko kahe che ke Aja paryata keTalIka cIjo maLI Ave che jevI ke sAmAnya rIte khaMDiceromAM jovAmAM Ave che." (pR. 94). sAmAnya gujarAtI ItihAsamAM "ka" nAmane badale "kAku" vANiyAnA kissAne ullekha karavAmAM AvyuM che ane laDAInA mULa kAraNa vize ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke kAkunI putrI pAse eka hIrAnI kAMsakI hatI, je rAjAnI chokarIne bahu pasaMda paDI. teNe tenI mAgaNI karI paraMtu te na ApI, AthI baLajabarIthI te chInavI levAmAM AvI. kAku A julma sahana karI zakyo nahi

Page #230
218 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa kAi paradezI rAjAne teNe khelAvyA, jeNe valabhIpuranI pAyamAlI karI. mArA khyAla mujaba A baMnene meLa AvI rIte maLe che. asala hakIkata te! e ja che ke rAjAe te mUrti mAMgI je ApavAne kAku raMka)e inkAra karyAM. vaLI mUrtinI vAta ema banI haze ke jema loko sonAnI IMTa banAve che tema te vANiyAe sAnAnA rakSaNane mATe teno mUrti banAvI haze, jethI karIne mUrti samajI leAkeA te cerI na jAya. paraMtu A bAbata bahArathI kharAba dekhAya che temaja badanAmI thAya evI che, kAraNa ke rAjA thaI tenI najara raiyatanI mAla milakata tarapha che; AthI IrAdApUrvaka TaTAnuM kAraNa upasthita karavAmAM AvyuM eTale ke rAjAnI putrInuM apamAna karavAmAM AvyuM. eNe eka cIja mAMgI ane teNe na ApI, ane Ane kAraNa banAvI jhagaDA karavAmAM AvyA, jenAthI valabhIpura pAyamAla thayu. I. sa. 1925 (hi. sa. 1344)mAM huM itihAsanA saMzAdhana mATe bharUca thayA tyAre janAba kAjhI tUddIna sAhebane tyAM gayA temaNe maherabAnI karI mane mArI khAzi mujaba kitAkhA batAvI. temAM kAjhI jhainula AbedIna sAheba (kAjhI sAhebanA dAdA)nI hastalikhita DAyarI paNa me jo. temAM eka jagyA upara "madresa e maulAnA issAka" bAMdhyAnI sAla ha. sa. 430 (i. sa. 1038) lakhavAmAM AvI che. te samaye ane te bAda paNa e madresA lAMkhA vakhata paMta mazadUra rahI, ane gheADAM varase upara te sAdhAraNa sthitimAM hatI. tenI sAthe eka nAnI sarakhI masjida paNa che. AvI rIte jAme masjidanI sAla hi. sa. 458 (i. sa. 1065) lakhavAmAM AvI hatI. meM jAte ja jAme masjida khAra kIthI joI. e ghaNI moTI ane zAnadAra che. keTalAka thAMbhalAmAM mUrtionAM ghasAi gayelAM nizAna meAjUda hatAM. ane te uparathI leAkAne evA khyAla hatA ke bahudhA e masjida madiramAM ja pheraphAra thaI banI che. paraMtu jo masjida bAMdhyAnI sAla

Page #231
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [219 hi. sa. 58 (I. sa. 1065) kharI ja hoya te AvuM zAnadAra maMdira masjida bane e saMbhavita lAgatuM nathI, kAraNa ke te samaye koI IslAmI satanata gujarAtamAM mejUda na hatI, je maMdiranI masjida banAve eTalI tAkAta dharAvatI heya. AthI mAre e abhiprAya che ke e sAla beTI che ane e masjida ghaNuM karIne alapakhAnanA ke mujhapharazAha pahelAnA vakhatanI che, kAraNa ke te jamAnAmAM keTalAka evA banAvo banyA che. vaLI je ke e sAla kharI che ke nahi enI sAbitI mATe koIpaNa jAtanI dalIla nathI, tema chatAM ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke e kharI che, te ema kahI zakAya ke verAna maMdiranA paththare pUjArIo pAsethI kharIdI tene upayoga karavAmAM Avyo hoya. dilagIrInI vAta to e che ke kAI e zilAlekha paNa maLyo nahi jemAMthI keAI sApha vAta maLI Ave...sAMbhaLavAmAM AvyuM che ke maulAnA IhAkanAM madresA ane masjidane zilAlekha hato, paraMtu have nathI. jAme masjidane, chelle ghUmaTa ke je uttara tarapha sIDInI bAju upara che temAM hi. sa. 721 (I. sa. 1321)nI sAla lakhelI che. te gAjhI giyAsuddIna tamalakanA samayamAM banAvavAmAM Avyo hato; jevo ke eno ullekha ItihAsomAM paNa che. mejUda zilAlekha je jAme masjidamAM che, te vIseka varSa eTale ke jyAre vAIsaraoNya bharUca javAne AvyA hatA, tyAre ja lagAvavAmAM Avyo hato. evI ja rIte majakUra kAjhI sAhebe kavirAja paMcAlI mAnabhAvanA lakhyA mujaba jaNAvyuM che, ke bharUcanA killAne pAyo nAkhyAne 1921 varasa thaI gayAM che. siddharAje enI marAmata karAvI hatI. 1. kAraNa ke brAhmaNanI caDatI pachI bauddha maMdirano nAza thayo hato.

Page #232
prakaraNa trIju musalamAneAnA humalA : 1 : mahamUda gajhanavI [ khaMDa 1 ] asada bina sAmAna nAmanA eka zakhsa hatA, te aherAma ceokhIna (IrAnanA pAdazAha)nA vaMzane hAvAthI ghaNA nAmAMkita hatA. bagadAdanA khalIphA mAmUnurzIda bina hAnnurzIde A khAnadAnanA ghaNA mAna martA jALavyA ane khurAsAnamAM meATA meTA hAddAo ApyA. khalIphA mAatajhida billAnA jamAnAmAM e ja khAnadAnanA IsmAIla nAmanA eka zakhsa mAvarAuna-nahara (tuka stAna)nA hAkema hatA. tenuM pAyatakhta mukhArA hatuM. teNe dhIme dhIme tamAma turkIstAna, IrAna ane kAmUla potAnA kabajAmAM laI lIdhAM. I. sa. 907 (hi. sa. 295)mAM tenA avasAna pachI teneA putra ahamada bina IsmAIla sAmAnI takhtanazIna thayA. I. sa. 915 (hi. sa. 303)mAM tenA maraNa pachI tenA putra nasara bina ahamade 28 varasa hakUmata karI I. sa. 94ra (hi. sa. 371)mAM A phAnI duniyA cheDI gayA. nasara pachI nUhu bina nasare I. sa. 954 (hi. sa. 343) paryaMta rAjya karyuM. tenA pachI abdulamaleka bina nUha I. sa. 961 (hi. sa. 358) paMta pAdazAha rahI gujarI gayA. ane tene bhAI mansUra ibna nUhe I. sa. 975 (hi. sa. 365) pata kUmata karI. e ja pAdazAhanA sipAhasAlAra alaptagIna hatA je mansuranI takhtanazInInI sakhata viruddha hatA, tethI te DarI jaI gajInA tarapha bhAgI gayA ane gajhanAnA pahADI IlAkAmAMthI eka 1. gajhanA hAlamAM kAbulanI hakUmata nIce che.

Page #233
musalamAnonA humalA [ 221 vyavasthita pheja taiyAra karI, ApakhudInuM svapna sevavA lAgyo. majUre : tene zikSA karavAnI IcchA karI paraMtu hAra khAdhI.1 ane tyArapachI pitAnI salatanatanA gUMcavAyelA mAmalAmAM eTale badhe gUMthAI gaye ke te A tarapha bilakula dhyAna ApI zakyo nahi. A saMjogomAM alaptagIne eka svataMtra ane majabUta saltanata sthApI. hakI nAmanA eka ItihAsakAre lakhyuM che ke hAjI nAmane eka vepArI abdula maleka sAmAnInA jamAnAmAM subuktagInane kharIdIne bukhArA lAvyo ane ahIM alatagIne tenI samaja ane akkala joI kharIda karyo. teNe A sipAhAlAranI dekharekhamAM rahI evI tAlIma hAsila karI ke teNe gajhanAnI saltanatane evI banAvI dIdhI jenI e jamAnAmAM sArI Alama IrSyA karatI hatI. hakI kahe che : meM khuda mahamUdanA methI sAMbhaLyuM ke tene bApa subuktagIna kaheto hato ke mArA bApane leke "karA bahakama" kahetA hatA. tenA vaMzanI kaDI TheTha IrAnanA pAdazAha yajhadagurda paryata teNe AvI rIte meLavI che. subuktagIna bina jeka karA bahakama bina kajhala alAna bina karA millata bina karA nAmAna bina phIjha bina yajhadagurda (irAnane pAdazAha). TUMkamAM alaptagIna pachI tene putra IslAka gajhanAnA takhtane vArasa thaye, paraMtu eka sAla bAda tenuM avasAna thayuM, ane malakA tagIna ane amIra purI turka amIrenI thoDA divasanI hakUmata pachI subuktagIna I. sa. 975 (hi. sa. 365)mAM gajhanAnA takhta upara beTho ane satanatane vistarNa karavAmAM magUla thayo. subuktagInane be putra hatA. ala 1. tArIkhe phariztA-bhA-1 "hiMdustAnamAM islAmanA khyAnamAM 2. tabAte nAsirI-kalakattA 3. tArIkhe tabakate nAsirI subukatagInanuM prakaraNa-paraMtu mArI dhAraNuM mujaba mahamUdanA vaMzanI kaDI kharI nathI. cokkasa sate gaNatAM yajhadayuthI mAMDI subugIna sudhImAM dasa ke bAra peDhI hovI joie.

Page #234
222 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa ptagInanI putrIthI IsmAIla ane jhabilastAnI (kadahAra) ratathI mahamUdane janma I. sa. 981 (hi. sa. 371)mAM thayo hato. teNe piotAnA bApanI dekharekha nIce laDAyaka lAyakAtamAM vRddhi karI. teNe amIra nUha sAmAnIne eka vakhata madada karI. jarUra paDatAM bApa dIkarAo sAthe thaI bahAdUrIthI phatehane DaMke evo vagADayo ke amIra nahe khuza thaIbApane nAsirUdIna ane mahamUdane sayaydda-daulAne ilkAba enAyata karyo; vaLI te sAthe gajhanAnI svataMtra hakUmatane paravAne paNa soM. mahamUda sAmAnya rIte potAnA bApa sAthe hiMdanA humalAmAM bhAga leto hato ane lAbhadAyI salAha laI phatehane daravAjo kholate; jemake lAhoranA rAjA jayapALe jyAre humalo karyo ane jalAlAbAdanI najIka barapha paDavAthI hAra thaI tyAre sulehanI caLavaLa karI. je mahamUde khaMDaNInI kabUlAtanI salAha na ApI hota to paNa subuktagIne tene svIkAra karyo hata rAjA jayapALe A ja zarata upara suleha karI. I. sa. 997 (hi. sa. 387)mAM subutagInanuM avasAna thayuM. te vakhate mahamUda nizApurane hAkema hato. teNe potAnA bhAIne uttara taraphanA mulkane kabajo pitAnA hAthamAM rahevA devAnI vinaMti karI. IsmAIle ne nAmaMjUra karI. ane A vAta vadhIne laDAI paryata pahoMcI, jemAM mahamUda kAmiyAba thaye ane gajhanAnA takhta upara pAdazAha tarIke birAjamAna thayAnI kriyA teNe karI. mahamUde 20 varasa rAjya karyuM ane hiMda upara 17 humalA karyo. bukhArA, khIvA, bakha, herAta ane IrAthI mAMDI hiMdustAna paryata tenI hakUmata phelAI hatI. te ati udAra ane bahAdura puruSa hato. potAnI umarane moTo hisso teNe hiMdustAna uparanA humalAmAM gujAryo. ItihAsakAramAM humalAonA samaya vize matabheda che, tethI dareka caDAino samaya cokkasa rIte batAve muzkela che. huM nIce pramANe eka pherista ApuM chuM jemAMthI 1. hAzimI sAheba--tArIkhe hiMda, pR0 159, haidarAbAda

Page #235
musalamAnAnA humalA vAcakrAne humalAo vize TUMka hakIkata jANavAnI maLe : 1 pezAvaramAM rAjA jayapALa sAthe laDAi ane bhaTanDAnI phateha 2 anaMdapALa sAthe laDAi 3 mulatAna najIka bhATiyAnI laDAI 4 (pahelI vakhata) mulatAnanI laDAi 5 (bIjI > cANezvaranI laDAi 6 7 "" d. rAjA nadA sAthe bAlAnAtha hi. sa. 392 393 395 396 401 402 .. pahADamAM laDAi 8 kAzmIranI laDAI 9 kanAja, meraTha, mahAvana, mathurA, makha, caMpALa 10 kAliMjaranI laDAI 11 gvAliyara ane kAli jara 12 gujarAta ane saurASTra >9 "" 39 .. "" 99 .. phariztA badAyUnI hAzimI .. 404 406 392 393 396 41 402 [ 223 404 406 392 399 394 395 409 409 408 412 410 412 413 413 415 415 415 . (A caDAie I. sa. 1002 thI I.sa. 1025 sudhInI che.) A caDAIe vize lagabhaga tamAma itihAsakArAe sAlavAra ke sAla vagara paNa lakhyuM che. bAkInA itihAsakAroe 17 caDAi lakhI che te nIce pramANe che: -- 402 40 412 (1) jayapALa sAthe laDAI ane bhaTanDAnI chata, (2) bhATiyAnI laDAi, (3) mulatAnanA amIrane zikSA, (4) navamuslima rAja sukhapALane zikSA, (5) anadapALa ane tenAM mitrarAjye sAthe laDAI ane bhImanagara killA sara karyAM, (6) nArAyaNanI jIta, (7) mulatAnanI jIta, (8) rAjA nadI upara bAlAnAtha pahADamAM vijaya, (9) cANezvara, (10) kAzmIra, (11) kaneAja, meraTha, mahAvana, mathurA,

Page #236
224] gujarAtano ItihAsa makha, caMdapALa, (12) kAzmIra bIjI vAra, (13) kAliMjara, (14) baTAbAda ke kirAta, (15) gvAliyara ane kAliMjara bIjI vAra, (16) gujarAta ane saurASTra, (17) siMdhI jATa upara caDAI. mahamUda gajhanavInI hiMdustAnanA jItelA mukAnI sImA tathA rUparekhA nIce mujaba che, jemAMthI tenI bahAdurI, lazkarI vyavasthAzakti ane pheja pratyenI lAgaNIne suMdara andAja maLe che. seminAtha pATaNa (zahera) A jagyA somanAtha pATaNa ke prabhAsapATaNa ane devapATaNa nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. AjakAla e verAvaLa pATaNa paNa kahevAya che. "nAgara" ilAkAnuM e mazahUra zahera hatuM. saurASTramAM dariyA kinAre arabI samudramAMnA (arabastAnamAM AvelA) umAnanI sAme AveluM che. cAra hajAra varasa pahelAM e baMdhAyuM hatuM ema manAya che. ema kahevAya che ke kRSNa mathurAthI AvI ahIM Azraya lIdhA hatA ane ahIMthI ja lAkho bhInI phejamAM bharatI karI mahAbhAratanI laDAIne raMga badalyo hato. vaLI e te ja jagyA che ke jyAM jAdave mahemAMhe pAI mUA hatA. vaLI ahIM ja kRSNane eka zikArI bhIle pitAnI tIranuM nizAna banAvyA hatA. musalamAnanA Agamana pahelAM e eka mahAna baMdara hatuM ane lAMbA samayathI radeza joDe ene vepArI saMbaMdha hato. IrAnane akhAta, rAte samudra ane AphrikA paryata vepArIonAM jahAje AvatAM hatAM, te uparAMta hiMdustAnanAM bIjAM baMdare joDe ene vepAra cAlato hato. sarasvatI hiraNa ane kapilA, e traNe nadInA saMgamane laIne e sthaLa khUbasUrata thayuM, eTaluM ja nahi paNa vepAra mATe paNa e ati phAyadAmaMda nIvaDayuM. ahIMnI jamIna ati phaLadrupa ane lIlIchama che, nadInI pAse mulka phaLadrupatAmAM zreSTha che. A kAraNathI tyAMnI vastI gADha hatI ane hiMdustAnanAM mazahUra

Page #237
musalamAnonA humalA [225 ane AbAda zaheramAM enI gaNatrI thatI hatI. mukanI phaLadrupatA, vepAranI vizALatA, pUjArI ane jAtrALuonI ThaThe tenI mahattAnI chApa lokonA dila upara besADI ane te eka mukhya ane zAnadAra zahera banyuM. bhadra (kALI mAtA)nuM je maMdira hatuM temAM eka zilAlekha hato je saMvata 1225-I. sa. 1169 (hi. sa. pa65)mAM lakhavAmAM Avyo hato. temAM zahera vizenI tArIpha uparathI te keTaluM zAnadAra zahera hatuM te mAluma paDe che. temAM nIce pramANe lakhavAmAM AvyuM che "A zahera duniyAnuM svarUpa ane alamanI zobhA che, mAla ane dolatano khajAno che, ane mahAdevanA khAsa bhaktonuM kendra che. caMdra kSaya rogamAMthI mukta thavAthI A zaheranI sthApanA karI pitAno AnaMda vyakta karyo. enuM nAma, "semapurA rAkhavAmAM AvyuM..." caMdra brAhmaNone sAthe lAvyo hato, emAM keTalAka kArIgare paNa hatA. jenA vaMzajo Aja paryata mojUda che.. brAhmaNe semapurA brAhmaNe tarIke ane kArIgare somapurA salATo tarIke oLakhAya che. A salATo dhrAMgadhrA ane visalanagaramAM rahe che. e zaheranI cAre bAjue paththarano killo che ane mAtra be daravAjA che. thoDe thoDe aMtare buraje che, je vaDe killAnuM rakSaNa thAya che, te sAthe cAre tarapha 25 phUTa pahoLI ane UMDI khAI che, jemAM sahelAIthI samadranuM pAchuM lAvI zakAya evI vyavasthA karavAmAM AvI hatI. enI bAMdhaNuM uparathI ema jaNAya che ke phakta duzmano sAme, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu dariyAI cAMciyAo sAme paNa enA saMrakSaNa mATe koziza karavAmAM AvI hatI. enA vize ema kahevAya che ke A zaherane evA pAMca hIrA (apUrva vastuo) kudarate arpaNa karelA che ke je AkhI Alamane maLyA nathIH (1) sarasvatI nadI, (2) khUbasUrata strIo, (3) ghATIlA ghoDA, (4) somanAthanI mUrti, (5) harinI hAjarI. 1. iliyaTane itihAsa-kAThiyAvADa gejheTiyaranA AdhAre. 15

Page #238
226] gujarAtano ItihAsa - hiMduonI devadevIonI ghaNuM vAte Ane lagatI che, paraMtu tenI vigata lAMbI thaI jAya e DarathI temaja binajarUrI samajI te huM lakhatA nathI. e zahera 21deg 58" uttara akSAMza ane 70deg 31" pUrva rekhAMza upara AveluM che. paraMtu suhula AzAmAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke A zahera duniyAnA sAta bhAgamAMnA bIjA bhAgamAM 97 10" rekhAMza ane 22deg 15" akSAMza upara "lAra" pradezamAM AveluM (ahIM "lArane artha lATa-gujarAta karavAmAM AvyA che). ahIM eDananAM jahAjha AvatAM hatAM (bhA. 1, pR. 7ra, chapAyela misara). hAlamAM e zahera pATaNa mahAlanuM mukhya zahera che. cAre AjU upara khAI ane kesIsAM-killAnI gaDhavALI dIvAla purANI yAdagIrIonI jema potAnI purAtana kANuM saMbhaLAvavAne mATe adyApi paNa mojUda che. AjathI thoDAka samaya pahelAM mahAna sodAgare tyAM rahetA hatA ane hAlamAM paNa che; paraMtu teomAMne moTe bhAga verAvaLa cAlyo gayo che. mazahUra jagAomAM "maMgarelI zAha"nI kabara che. sAmAnya temaja moTA leke jAtrA mATe tyAM jAya che. e kabara zaheranI bahAra che ane "bhIDiyA mahAdevanA maMdiranI najIka che. tyAM dareka sAla traNa moTA meLA bharAya che. pahele meLe moharama mAsanA pahelA dasa divasomAM bharAya che. bIje maMgarelI zAhanA urasane che. e paNa dabadabA tathA dhAmadhUmathI bharAya che. ane trIje dazerAno meLo jovA lAyaka hoya che. kaLAnI dRSTie lakhaMDa ane lAkaDAnI cIje mazahUra che. khAsa karIne tyAMnAM tALAM bahu ja prakhyAta che. maMgarelI zAhane makabare verAvaLathI pATaNa jatAM Ave che. makabarAmAM pUratI rezanI AvatI nathI. kabaranA mAthAvALA bhAga tarapha eka zilAlekha che te rozanInA abhAvane laIne vAMcI zakAto nathI. paraMtu bIjo zilAlekha je vAMcI zakAya che te 1. jahana mAlkama-tArIkhe IrAna 2. bombe gejheTiyara bhA. 8

Page #239
musalamAnonA humalA [227 nIce mujaba cheH "dayALu ane udAra khudAnA nAmathI zarU karuM chuM. makkA ane madInAnI haja karanAra hajharata bAbA hAjI mahammada maMgalerIne pavitra roje abadullAkhAna bina alIe hi. sa. 1003 (I. sa. 1594)nA mehamulaharAmanI 12mI tArIkhe baMdhAvyo." A zilAlekha uparathI eTaluM jaNAya che ke abdullAkhAna bina alIe A raje hi. sa. 1003mAM baMdhAvyo; paraMtu e zilAlekha uparathI kaMI cokkasa jaNAyuM nahi ke teNe roje baMdhAvyo hato ke tenI marAmata karAvI temAM vadhAro karyo hato. koIpaNa rIte e akabaranA jamAnAne zilAlekha che. (I. sa. 1594) seminAtha maMdira somanAtha maMdiranI ImArata vize ghaNI vAta che. hiMduonI devadevIo vizenI vAtamAM eka nIce pramANenI paNa cheH dakSa nAmanA eka ardhadeva hatA. tenuM kArya pedA karavAnuM hatuM. tene pacAsa putrIo hatI, jemAMnI satAvIsanAM lagna caMdra sAthe thayAM hatAM, paraMtu caMdra phakta ekane ja cahAto hato. A joI bAkInI putrIoe temanA bApa kane jaI phariyAda karI. bApe caMdranuM A bAbata tarapha dhyAna khecyuM. paraMtu caMdra e vize kaMI paNa lakSamAM lIdhuM nahi; tethI caMdrane zApa devAmAM Avyo. AthI tene raktapittane roga thayo. A rogamAMthI mukta thavAne teNe ghaNI jAtrA karI, paraMtu te kaMI kAma AvyuM nahi. Akhare te prabhAsapATaNa Avyo ane zivanI pUjA kharA aMta:karaNathI karI tethI A zApanI asara jatI rahI; AthI khuza thaI teNe zivanA liMga (je tyAM pahelethI ja hatuM) upara senAnuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM ane enuM nAma "somanAtha" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. kAraNa ke "ema"no artha caMdra ane "nAtha"ne artha mAlika che.1 keTalAka ItihAsakAroe enuM nAma "sobhanAtha lakhyuM che. "sabha"ne 1. kAThiyAvADa gejheTiyara. bIrUnIe paNa keTaleka aMze e ja vAta lakhI che. pR0 56.

Page #240
228 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa azAlA ane nAthane a mAlika che. arthAt zobhAyamAna thAya che. ghaNA kharA itihAsakAre mAne che ke A mUrtine caMdranI pahelI ane paMdaramI tithie snAna karAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ane e snAna dhAmadhUmathI karAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM; tethI caMdra uparathI ene sAmanAtha" nAmathI eLakhavA lAgyA.2 phariztAmAM zekha pharIduddIna attAranI eka ze'ra nakala karavAmAM AvI che : " lazkare mahamUda aMdara seAmanAta, yAtanta AM khuta ke nAmazaH khUddanAta." ( arthAt mahamUdanA lazkare seAmanAthamAM eka smRti meLavI jenuM nAma "nAtha" hatuM. ) A uparathI ema jaNAya ke "sAmanAtha" maMdiranuM nAma che. ane "nAtha" mUrtinuM nAma che; paraMtu tamAma itihAsakArA mUrtinuM nAma "sAmanAtha" jaNAve che. phariztAneA kartA A baMne vAtane meLavI lakhe che ke A zabda "sAma" ane "nAtha" maLIne baneleA che. "sAma" eka pAdazAhanuM nAma che jeNe A mUrti banAvI hatI; ane "nAtha" e mUrtinuM nAma rAkhavAmAM Avyu hatuM. tyArapachI A baMne zabdo ghaNA upayogathI rUDha thaI "haidarAbAda"nI jema maLI gayA ane pracalita thaI mUrtinuM ja nahi, paraMtu maMdira ane zaheranuM paNa eja nAma paDI gayuM. hiMdI bhASAmAM AnuM dRSTAMta '"jagannAtha" che. kAThiyAvADa gejheTiyaramAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke e di purANA jamAnAmAM sUryadevatAnuM hatuM ane ahIMnA hAkema sUryavaMzI khAnadAnane! hatA. tyArapachI caMdravaMzI khAnadAnanA eka mahAna rAjA sAmarAja cAvaDA vaMzamAM thayA teNe A zahera jItyuM ane peAtAnI 1. tArIkhe adAunI-klakattA-mahamUda vizenuM prakaraNa 2. tArIkhe kAullAha, bhA. 1 1. tarajUmae tArIkhe phariztA, bhA. 1, pre. navalakizAra

Page #241
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 229 cAdagIrI kAyama rAkhavA teNe eka mahAdevanuM maMdira banAvyuM. ane tenuM nAma "sAmanAtha" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM; ane e ja nAmathI te prakhyAta thayuM. eTale sudhI ke mUrti', maMdira, ane zaheranuM paNa e ja nAma rAkhavAmAM AvyuM.1 uparanI vAtA upara vicAra karavAthI ema mAlUma paDe che ke caMdravaMzI khAnadAnanA kAi zabse yAdagArI tarIke e baMdhAvyuM haze. enA baMdhAvanAra temaja samaya vize, tavArIkhamAM kaMI maLatuM nathI. mahAbhAratamAM paNa e vize ka MI ullekha AvatA nathI. khIranI kahe che ke caMdrodaya ane cadrAsta samaye jyAre bharatI Ave che tyAre liMga pANImAM DUbI jAya che. bapore ane rAtre jyAre eTa thAya che tyAre te bahAra nIkaLI Ave che. jANe ke caMdra ene naDAvavA mATe nAkara che. e ja kAraNathI lokoe enA cAMda sAthe saMbadha gaNyA che. arthAt 'sAmanAtha' (caMdranA mAlika) nAma ApyuM. (pR0 253, chapAyela yurA). mArI dhAraNA mujaba valabhIpuranA rAjAe nAsabhAga karI jyAre sAmanAtha AvyA ane keTalAka samaya mATe ene rAjadhAnI banAvI te vakhatathI enI caDatI zarU thaI. valabhInuM khAnadAna pAchuM gayuM te temanA pachI cAvaDA rAjA AvyA, je keTalAka divase bAda khumukhtAra thayA ane tyArapachI sAmanAthathI paMcAsara gayA. AthI huM mAnuM chuM ke sAmanAthanI caDatIne samaya I. sa. 900 (hi. sa. 188)thI mAMDI I. sa. 1000 (hi. sa. 391) paryaMtaneA che. te daramiyAna valabhInA keTalAka rAjAe (je bauddha na hatA) e ane tyArapachI sAlakI vaze tenI unnati karavAmAM moTA bhAga bhajavyA. temanI udAratAthI ane jAtrA mATe tyAM javAthI ma Mdira mAladAra thaI gayuM, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu sAmAnya leAkanuM AzrayasthAna banyuM. khAsa karIne mULa 1. cAvaDA khAnadAna. cAvaDA na tA sUva`zI hatA ke na tA ca'dbhava'zI hatA, paraMtu siMdhathI AvelA gujara hatA; tethI e sAmarAja koI A khAnadAnanA haraze.

Page #242
230 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa rAja solaMkInI himAyatane laIne sAmAnya vargamAM e ati priya thayuM. bIranIe paNa lakhyuM che ke killA vagere purANuM jamAnAnAM baMdhAvelAM nathI, paraMtu te AjathI se varasa pahelAMnAM che; arthAta vairisiMha cAvaDAnA samayamAM te taiyAra thayAM.1 ane tenI prakhyAtinuM kAraNa e che ke e baMdara che ane vepAra arthe cIna ane jhAMjhIbAra paryatathI leke Ave che. (ghaNuM karIne e sarve arabo haze, je AphrikAne mAla cIna laI jatA hatA.) ema kahevAya che ke somanAthanuM devaLa prathama somarAje sonAnuM banAvyuM hatuM, tyArapachI bIjIvAra rAvaNe cAMdInuM banAvyuM, trIjI vakhata kRSNa te lAkaDAnuM banAvyuM, ane Akhare bhImadeve te paththaranuM banAvyuM. huM dhAruM chuM ke kahenArathI mUtine badale maMdira zabda vaparAI gayo che. bahudhA maMdira kahevAne bhAvArtha mUrti haze. e eka mahAdevanuM kahevuM che jene, eka moTuM kaMpAunDa che. tenI chatane 56 thAMbhalAne AdhAra che. tyAM ja liMganI pUjA thatI hatI. ane e liMga hiMdustAnanAM mahAna ane mazahUra bAra liMgamAMnuM eka hatuM, te upara senAne bhare caDAvavAmAM AvyA hatA, ane cAre tarapha javAhira jaDavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. aMdarathI te nakkara che, jemake hAlamAM paNa bIjAM maMdiramAM evI jAtanAM liMga heya che. ane te jamAnAnA musApharonAM lakhANomAMthI paNa e mAlUma paDe che. liMganI pUjA vize sAmAnya varganA lokone evo khyAla che ke prajotpatti liMgane lIdhe ja thAya che, tethI tenI pUjA jarUrI che. AvI jAtanI pUjA jene saMtAna na hoya evA leke kare che. bIrUnIe je kAMI A vize pitAnI kitAbamAM lakhyuM che te nIce pramANe che: e mahAdevanuM liMga che. ane meM sAMbhaLyuM che ke eka RSie mahAdevane potAnI patnI sAthe joI tethI tene vahema paDe ane 1, bIrUnI, pR0 253 2. MiAbula hiMda, alabIranI

Page #243
musalamAneAnA humalA [21 zApa dIdhA ke tAruM liMga paNa raheze nahi, te bhAga sapATa thaI gayA - tethI teNe RSi pAse jaI lIle vaDe peAtAnI nirdoSatA jAhera karI ane tenA vahemA dUra karyo. teNe kahyuM "khera! je thayuM te thayuM; paraMtu huM, ene badale evI rIte karuM ke je vastu tArI nathI rahI tenI leAkeAmAM mahattA gaNAvI pUjA karAvIza." tyArapachI AgaLa cAlatAM liMga vize lakhe che ke e paththara eba vinAne hAvo joI e. tenI laMbAI ane enI uparanA bhAga pramANasara hovo joie. ene peNA bhAga jamInamAM daTAyele hAvA joIe ane trIjA jeTalA bhAga upara A bAjUe khAbharA hAvA joIe. enu nAma piMDa che. tene gherAvo nAnA ke meTA karavAthI jamInamAM fisAda thAya che ane jamInamAM ochA pramANamAM dATavAthI tema karanAra khImAra thAya che. banAvatI vakhate enA upara khIlA TokavAmAM Ave te zaheranA hAkema potAnA khAnadAna sAthe pAyamAla thaI jAya che. laI jatI vakhate rastAmAM tene dhakko lAge te! banAvanAra marI jAya che ane mulkamAM fisAda ane rAga phelAya cheH 1 A liMga (ke ma dira) vize je mAnyatA hatI te vize te lakhe che ke leAkeAnI mAnyatA che ke e mUrti purANI bImArImAMthI mukta kare che, ane hareka rAga je asAdhya gaNatA tenI ahiyAM davA che.'' sthAna vize lakhe che ke = "mahAna leAkA mAne che ke caMdranA vadhavA tathA ghaTavAnI kriyAthI samudramAM bharatI ane oTa thAya che. ane baMne ( sAmAnya varganA leAkeA temaja mahAna leAkeA) caMdra ane sAmanAthane eka ja mAne che. ane te kAraNathI ke te paththara (sAmanAtha ) samudrane kinAre sarasvatInA mukhathI lagabhaga pazcima tarapha 3 mAilathI gheADe aMtare daTAyele haze, suvarNa dvArakAnI pUrvI tarapha jyAM kRSNe peAtAnA mukAma karyAM hatA, 1. pahelAM meM A vigata lakhI che. khIrUnI pR0 251, chapAyela yurepa

Page #244
232] gujarAtano ItihAsa jyAM tene aMtakALa vItyo hato, vaLI jyAM tenA khAnadAnanA leke laDayA hatA ane jyAM temane bALavAmAM AvyA hatA, tenI pAse che." tenI pAse eka bIjI mUti hatI je mahAdeva (ziva)nA svarUpanI hatI. e kotarI kADhelA paththaranI banelI laMbAImAM pAMca gajanI hatI. tene be gaja jeTale bhAga jamIna nIce ane traNa gaja jeTalo bahAra hato. te aMdarathI pile hatA. mArI mAnyatA mujaba, e ja mUrtine rAjA seme banAvIne tyAM padharAvI hatI ane tyArathI mAMDI mahamUda gajhanavI paryata enI pUjA cAlI AvI hatI. pUjArI ane brAhmaNoe tenI zAno zaukatamAM vRddhi karavAmAM kaMI paNa kamI rAkhI na hatI. vaLI e ja khyAlathI e makAnamAM rozanI karavAmAM AvatI na hatI, balka kImatI javerAta evI rIte sajAvavAmAM AvyAM hatAM ke tenA jhagajhagATane laIne AkhuM makAna jhagamagI UThatuM hatuM. baso maNa vajananI sonAnI sAMkaLathI eka ghaMTa laTakAvavAmAM Avyo hato. te jyAre vagADavAmAM AvatuM hato tyAre leke TeLAMmAM AvI pUjA mATe jamA thaI jatAM hatAM. 500 strIo bhajana gAvA mATe ane 300 puruSo vAjAM vagADavA mATe hamezAM rahetAM hatAM, te uparAMta 2000 brAhmaNa pUjArI tyAM hatA. tenA kharca mATe 2000 gAmanI AmadAnI arpaNa karavAmAM AvI hatI. ane gaMgA tyAMthI 600 kesa dUra hovA chatAM tenuM pavitra ane barakatavALuM pANI somanAthane abhiSeka karavA mATe roja maMgAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. sUryagrahaNa ane caMdragrahaNa vakhate dUradUranAM mulkanAM lAkho strI puruSa jAtrA mATe tyAM AvatAM hatAM ane lAkha rUpiyA rokaDA 1. bIphanI pR0, 253 2. A khyAna tArikhe pharitAnuM che. keTalIka tArIkhemAM 10 hajAra saMkhyA lakhavAmAM AvI che, je atizakti hoya ema jaNAya che, ane tethI ja gejheTiyaramAM 3000 jeTalI karI che.

Page #245
musalamAnonA humalA [233 temaja teTalI kImatanI cIjo caDAvavAmAM AvatI hatI. jAtrALuonI saMkhyAno aMdAja phakta eTalA uparathI nIkaLe che ke hajAmata mATe 300 hajAma tyAM rahetA hatA. ATalI badhI zAnezauktane laIne phakIrathI mAMDI amIra ane zAha paNa tenI sahemAM aMjAya jatA hatA ane hareka zamsa aMtaHkaraNathI tene mAnato hato. mAmUlI khAnadAnanI temaja rAjA mahArAjAonI chekarIo devadAsIo tarIke tyAM AvatI hatI. te uparAMta tenI AsapAsa bIjI sonAnI mUrtio paNa rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. vaLI senAnI pAlakhI je bhImadeva rAjA buMdelakhaMDathI chInavI lAvyo hato te paNa tyAM hatI. teNe te samanAthane arpaNa karI hatI." upara khyAna karavAmAM AvyuM che ke zarUAtamAM somanAtha sUryavaMzIonA kabajAmAM rahyuM hatuM. te uparAMta tenA vize kaMI paNa vadhAre jANavAnuM maLyuM nathI. te pachI ghaNuM karIne kRSNa dvArakA kabaje karyuM te samaye te caMdravaMzI ( jAdavo)nA hAthamAM AvyuM. A jAdava vaMza vize phakta eTaluM jANavAnuM maLyuM ke te vakhate senAcAMdInI vastuo caDAvavAmAM AvI hatI. ane tyArapachI e somanAthanI AsapAsa A khAnadAnanA loko mAMhamAMhe laDI maryA ane enI ja najadIkamAM kRSNanuM paNa avasAna thayuM, ane tyAM ja temanI aMtima kriyA karavAmAM AvI. tyArapachInA eka ullekha uparathI ema jaNAya che ke laMkAnA rAjA rAvaNe (kadAca e nAmane kAI bIje paNa rAjA hoya) paNa jAtrA arthe tyAM AvI sonAcAMdInI bheTa tyAM caDAvI. I. sa. pUrve 400 varSa upara maurya vaMza paryata pharIthI e vize kaMI paNa ullekha maLato nathI. mauryavaMzanA mazahUra rAjA caMdraguptanA jamAnAmAM tene hAkema saurASTramAM rahetA hatuM. ane azake khuda giranAra upara (jUnAgaDha najIka) eka zilAlekha potAnI yAdagIrI tarIke ketarAvyo hato. paraMtu khAsa 1. prAcIna ItihAsa , gujarAta

Page #246
234 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa karIne sAmanAtha vize kaMI paNa evA ullekha nathI. AthI sApha rIte mAlUma paDe che ke enI kAMI dhArmika ke rAjakIya agatya na hatI. tyArapachI I. sa. pUrve 150 varSoM upara grIka lAkAe jUnAgaDha ane bharUcane kabajo lIdhA hatA, paraMtu misarA itihAsakAra eriyana seAmanAtha vize kai paNa lakhatA nathI. te chatAM paNu baMdara hevAnA kAraNe te eka ullekha karavA lAyaka sthaLa hatuM. A uparathI mArI vAtane samana maLe che ke te samaya paryaMta enI evI mahattA na hatI ke ullekha karavA lAyaka hoya. te pachI judI judI kAmAe saurASTra ane gujarAta upara hakUmata karI. paraMtu sAmanAthane vize kaI ullekha AvatA nathI ane tenA vize paNa vadhu pramANamAM mAhitI ApavAmAM AvI nathI. gujara kAme jyAre hiMdamAM AvI pAMcamI sadI (I.sa. 500) mAM gujarAta lIdhuM tyAre sAmanAtha eka moTuM baMdara hatuM ane vadhu pramANamAM te "devapattana" nAmathI oLakhAtuM hatuM. gujarAnI valabhIno saltanata kAyama thaI tyAre e khaMdara tenA tAbAmAM hatuM, jyAre valabhIpurane pahelI ja vakhata vinAza thaye! tyAre valabhInA rAjAoe ene rAjadhAnI banAvI hatI, paraMtu e leAkA jyAre pAchA cAlyA gayA tyAre cAvaDA khAnadAne ene jo lIdhA. paraMtu e jANavAnu na maLyuM ke e leka svataMtra rIte rAjyakartA hatA ke valabhInA khAnadAnanA hAtha nIce sUbA tarIke rahyA hatA. ema kahevAya che ke svAmI zakarAcAryanA samayamAM (I. sa. 700--hi. sa. 81 )mAM jyAre hiMdudharmAM navesarathI baLavAna thayA ane bauddhadharmane rukhasada ApavAmAM AvI tyAre temaNe hiMduenAM tIkSetro dUradUra sthaLeAe sthApyAM temAM eka sAmanAtha dhAma paNa hatuM. 1 1 1. erIsA ke AsAre kadImA-dAktara rAjendrapAla mitra prakaraNa 'jagannAtha'; dhaNuM karIne seAmanAtha jyAre pAyamAla thayu' tyAre e maDa tyAMthI dvArakA gayA, je Aja paryaMta che.

Page #247
musalamAnonA humalA [235 paMcAsara pachI cAvaDA khAnadAne aNahIlavADane potAnuM pAyatakhta banAvyuM tyAre somanAtha pATaNa temanA tAbAmAM hatuM, kAraNa ke ApaNe joIe chIe ke vanarAjanA putra yogarAjanA samayamAM teno pATavIkuMvara somanAtha jevA moTA baMdaramAM jato hato ane paradezI (araba). vepArIonAM jahAjha lUMTato hato. e araba vepArIo mahAna jahAjhe lai vepAra arthe somanAtha AvatA hatA. lUMTamAM kSemarAjane dazahajAra ghaDA, hAthI ane lAkhene mAla maLyo. emAM phakta ghoDAnI kImata ja sattara lAkha rUpiyAthI vadhArenI hatI. (I. sa. 840 - hi. sa. rara6nI lagabhagamAM), te samaya paryata e zahera phakta baMdara hovAthI prakhyAta hatuM. e vakhatathI zaheranI, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu maMdirano paNa caDatI zarU thaI. ema paNa jaNAya che ke thoDA ja divasamAM e eka dolatamaMda zahera thaI gayuM. te dariyAI cAMciyAonuM sAmAnya rIte AzrayasthAna hatuM tethI ghaNuM karIne kaDavA anubhavane laIne pahelI ja vakhate vairisiMha cAvaDAnA samaya I. sa. 920 (hi. sa. 308 )mAM tenI AjubAju dIvAla baMdhAvI tene surakSita karavAmAM AvyuM. te pachI ratnAditya cAvaDAnA samaya I. sa. 835 (hi. sa. 324)mAM kalyANIno rAjA bhuvanAditya (ghaNuM karIne kalyANanA rAjAne sage hato, te pote rAjA na hato) jAtrA arthe somanAtha Avyo, ane ati zraddhAne laIne ghaNuM kImatI cI caDAvI. solaMkI vaMzano sthApanAra mULarAja (avasAna Isa. 99- hi. sa. 387) somanAthanI bahu himAyata karato hato. tenA zarUAtanA samayamAM somana thanA jAtrALu mATe rastA salAmata na hatA, tethI mULarAje e bAbatane mahattva ApI kemamAM joza pedA karyo ane graharipu sAme laDAI vahorI lIdhI. Akhare jItelA mulkamAM ene dAkhala karI raste sahIsalAmata banAvyuM. aTakaLa karI zakAya ke te pachI mULarAja somanAtha gayo haze ane bheTa uparAMta yAda

Page #248
236] gujarAtano itihAsa gIrI tarIke jarUra tyAM kaMI banAvyuM haze.' - bhImadeva (avasAna I. sa. 1032, hi. sa. 465)nA zarU AtanA samayamAM sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavIe aNahIlavADa jItyuM. ane bhImadevanI pUTha pakaDI seminAtha Avyo; tyAMnA lekee killAmAM hI mukAbale karyo, jenuM varNana vigatavAra ahIMthI zarU thAya che. gujarAta ane rASTra upara caDAI karavAnAM kAraNa mahamUda gajhanavInA humalA vize vicAra karavA jevI e bAbata che ke kayA kAraNathI teNe caDAI karI. sAmAnya phArasI itihAsamAM nIce pramANenI vAto lakhI che: * (1) yamInuddaulA sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI (I. sa. 124 hi. sa. 415 )mAM jyAre gana pAcho pahoMce tyAre bAtamIdAree khabara ApI ke hiMduonI mAnyatA che ke AtmA badanathI judo thaI somanAthanI khidamatamAM hAjara thAya che. tyArapachI somanAtha je AtmAne je zarIrane lAyaka samaje che tene punarjanmarUpe havAle kare che. ema paNa kahevAya che ke samudranI bharatI temaja oTa somanAthanI pUjA mATe che. ane mahamUda je mUrtio hiMdustAnamAM teDI AvyuM che tenAthI somanAtha nArAja hatA; tethI ja tene kaMI paNa madada karavAmAM AvI na hatI; te majAla che ke tenA tarapha kaI meM pherave ? AMkhanA eka palakArAmAM vinAza thaI jAya.' che A khabara sAMbhaLI sulatAnane bahu lAgI AvyuM. vaLI tene ema paNa thayuM ke hiMdustAnananI moTI moTI matio uthalAvI nAkhI chatAM sAmAnya hiMdu lekenA vicAramAM kaMI paNa phera nathI 1. mULarAja seminAtha gayo hato ane pAchA pharatAM teNe gujarAtamAM somanAthanA saMkhyAbaMdha maMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. [ gujarAtane prAcIna ItihAsa, 50 156, goviMdabhAI hAthIbhAI desAI] - 2. phariztA, bhA1

Page #249
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 237 paDayo, ane hajI "sAmanAtha "nA eka paththarane sarvazaktimAna ( khudA ) mAne che. 1 e paNa vicAravA jevI bAbata che ke phirastAnuM lakhANa keTale aMze svIkAravA yeAgya che, temaja e vAta zuM hAsyAspada nathI ka potAnA eTalu ja nahi paraMtu hArA mANasonA jAna jokhamamAM nAkhI mahamUda phakta mUrti teDavAne mATe balkhathI saurASTra pata Adhye! hAya ? zuM Avo kAI dAkhalA mahamUdanI sArI jiMdagImAM maLI zake che? vaLI zuM tamAma islAmI tArIkhamAMthI AvA kAI dAkhalA peza karI zakAya che? tethI mArA khyAla mujaba phakta saMkucita dRSTitho ane dhArmika lAgaNIne laIne ja Ane kAraNa rUpe gaNavAmAM AvyuM che; nahitA satya sAthe ene kaMI nisbata nathI. vaLI khUbI e che ke seAmanAthane teADavAne hiMduenI rajapUta phrIja paNa sAthe hatI. AthI tenAM asala kAraNeA huM nIce jaNAvuM chuM te che: 1. seAmanAtha pATaNa eka mazahUra baMdara hatuM. dUradUrathI jahA AvatAM hatAM ane hareka jAtanA mAla vepArIe lAvatA hatA. e jAtrAnuM sthaLa hAvAthI ahIMnI vastI puSkaLa hatI. temAM musalamAna paNa rahetA hatA, je vepAra arthe tyAM vasyA hatA. te musalamAne sAthenuM vana bahu sAruM na hatuM. te uparAMta te vepArIeAnI asarathI khuda e ja jagyAnA halakA darajjAnA leAkeA je musalamAna thaI gayA hatA, temanI sAthenuM sAmAnya vargonA vatanIonuM ane kartAhartA leAkeAnuM vana bahu ja kharAba hatuM. keTalIka vakhata te te asahya hatuM. te samaye mAhammada bina hasana bina alI IrAkI nAmanA eka mujhu` makkAthI mAMgaraeNALa ane tyAMthI prabhAsapATaNa AvyA hatA. temaNe peAtAnI pavitratAthI leAkeAmAM prema temaja satA vizvAsa 1. hAzimInI tArIkhe hiMda, badAyUnI, tamakAte nAsirI ane siyarUla mrutakhkharInamAM kaMi ullekha nathI. jhona makkama sAhebe paNa je kaI lakhyuM che te phariztAnA ullekhanA sArAMza che. elphinsTane paNa e ja lakhyu che.

Page #250
238] gujarAtane ItihAsa saMpAdana karyo hato. musalamAno uparano trAsa joI te samayanA hAkema AgaLa phariyAda karI, paNa keIe tenuM sAMbhaLyuM nahi. eka vidhavA vRddha strIno ekano eka chokaro mAryo gayo, khAsa karIne tyAre temanuM dila bharAI AvyuM, tethI mehammada bina hasana bina alI IrAkIe-jemane sAmAnya rIte leke "mahamUdazAha maMgarolI" kahetA hatA temaNe-te DesInI mAraphata eka patra sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI upara mokalyo, jemAM mahamUdane ahIMnA musalamAnonI muzkelIo jaNAvI ahIM AvavAne kaheNa mokalyuM hatuM. bIjI rIte kahevAmAM Ave to temaNe ema jaNAvyuM hatuM ke tame hiMdustAnamAM humalA karatA phare che ane khAsa prabhAsa pATaNamAM jyAM musalamAnone takalIpha veThavI paDe che te tame dUra karatA nathI, jyAre mahamUdane e patra maLyo tyAre ekadama sAmAna taiyAra karI te ravAnA thayo. A banAva gujarAta ane saurASTranA Ama musala 1. kissae mahamUdazAha maMgarelI chapAyela urdI ane gujarAtImAM. e ktiAba asala phArasImAM hatI. tene hi. sa. 1216mAM u6 padyamAM tarajAme thaye hatuM. jo ke temAM zAhanI keTalIe karAmata vagerene ulekha che. paraMtu meM phakta sAra lai lIdho che ane zAranI atizayoktivALI ane jAhera rIte kayAsa karavA yogya na hoya evI bAbate tarapha lakSa ApyuM nathI. A ktiAbanI agatya jevI rIte rAsamALAnI che tevI ja rItanI che, vagere. hAjImahamUdazAha maMgarolInI kabara verAvaLa ane somanAtha pATaNanI madhyamAM che. tyAM jhiyArata mATe lake jAya che ane nALiyera cakAve che. maMgarolI zAhanA makabarAmAM kabare che ane temAM eka arabI, bIjo phArasI ane trIje urdUmAM, ema traNa zilAlekhe che, temane pahelA arabIne nIce pramANe che: "A kabara mahAna, dAtAra, pavitra, ane udAra kAjhI mahUma, (allAhanI rehamata temanA upara ha) malekus sudura zasudaulA vaddIna husena bina mehammada alI irAkI" (malekus sudura) avasAna rabIula avala, hi sa. 699"

Page #251
musalamAnonA humalA [ 239 mAnAmAM varaseAthI pracalita che. ane sAmAnya lekA mahamUdanuM ahIM AvavAnuM kAraNa e ja batAve che.1 mahamUdazAha magareAlIe eka strIne kAsada banAvI meAkalI e paNa temanI duraMdezIne laIne ja hatuM. jo kAi puruSa mAraphata A patra mAkalavAmAM AvyA hota te e tA dekhItuM ja che ke A zilAlekha hAjImahamUda alairAkI magareAlIneA nathI, kAraNa ke emanuM avasAna hi. sa. 416 pachI pAMcamI sadI hijarImAM thayu che ane A zilAlekha sAtamI sadI hi. sa. 699ne che, A sulatAna alAudRIna khalajIne samaya che. A zilAlekha uparathI cAkkasa jaNAi Ave che ke zammuddIna husena irAkI tyAMnA musalamAnonA kAjhI hate. rAjAe nA samayamAM musalamAneAnA kesenA phaisalA mATe Ama musalamAnanI salAhathI eka zakhsanI nimaNUka e heATTA mATe thatI hatI, jevu ke masahadI (hi. sa. 303mAM) e vigatavAra lakhyuM che. A prakArane purANA zilAlekha jUnAgaDhamAM mAI gaLuMcInI tUTIphUTI masjidanA meharAba upara Aja paNa te ja samayane! menUda che. mArI dhAraNA mujaba e hAjImahamUdazAha irAkI maMgarolI khA dAnamAM alAuddIna khalajInA jamAnAmAM hatA. gujarAtanI jIta pachI je aLaveA thaye temAM te zahIda thayA ane temanA khAnadAnanA makabarAmAM temanI daphana kriyA karavAmAM AvI. banne zilAlekha je phArasImAM che te te pahelAMnA sAmanAtha ane verAvaLanA ahevAlamAM) me" nakla karyA che te hi.sa. 10-3 nA che. e akabaranA jamAnAnA che. bahudhA abdullAkhAne enI marAmata karAvI. trIjo zilAlekha A che: 66 dayALu ane mAyALu allAhanA nAmathI zarU karuM chuM. allAha sivAya bIjA kAI allAha nathI. ane meAhammada tenA rasUla (pegambara) che. A mubAraka makabaro janAba hAjI mahamUda sAheba makkIne hi. sa. 199 nA rabIula avvanI pahelIne che. ene lakhanAra paTTaNanA jalAla miyAM jamAluddIna miyAM che.'' A zilAlekha hAlane ja che. emaNe phakta arabI zilAlekhane sArAza urdUmAM lakhyA che. paraMtu sAmAnya prakhyAtine laheMne mahamUda irAkI maMgAlInuM nAma aMdara umerI lIdhuM, 1. embe gejheTiyara, bhA. 8

Page #252
240 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa saMbhavita hatuM ke samaya pahelAM ja chAnI vAta bahAra paDI jAta. mArI dhAraNa mujaba eka bIjI vAta paNa dhyAnamAM haze ke strI potAnAM duHkha ane dardanI kahANI bharAyelA hadaye saMbhaLAvI sulatAna upara asara pedA kare che tevI rIte karavuM bahudhA eka puruSa mATe asaMbhavita hatuM. game tema hoya, paraMtu ati saMbhavita che ke A khalIpha muasimane umUriyAnA banAvane sAmane kare paDayo hato tevI ja che. romanA leke taraphathI thatI musIbatomAMthI teNe phariyAdI strIne bacAvI hatI ane rastAnI muzkelI vizene kaIpaNa jAtane prazna na hato. paraMtu gujarAtamAM tema na hatuM. gajhanAthI gujarAta AvavuM sAdhAraNa kAma na hatuM. jarA paNa aphavA keIna kAna upara paDe, te sulatAna mahamUda mATe muzkelIo UbhI thaI jAya. e vAta Akhara paryata chAnI rAkhI ane e ja kAraNathI aTaka nadIthI mAMDI gujarAtanA rAjAomAMthI koIne paNa enI khabara na paDI. 2. eka kAraNa e paNa heI zake ke pahelI hijarI sadIthI musalamAne vepAra arthe arabastAnathI IrAna, siMdha, hiMdustAnanA kinArA, laMkA ane cIna paryata jatA hatA, ane hareka saltanata vepArIonuM rakSaNa karavuM e pitAnI pharaja gaNatI hatI. jevA ke musApharonAM sapharanAmAMmAMthI valabhIpura, khaMbhAta, malabAra, laMkA ane cInanA dAkhalA maLe che. ane koIka vakhate e saltanatoe paravA na karI athavA te InkAra karyo tyAre khuda IslAmI saltanatee suMdara rIte tenI pharaja adA karI; jemake siMdhanA devala nAmanI jagyA vizenA banAva uparathI mAluma paDe che. kamanasIbe te samaye somanAtha ane kaccha baMne dariyAI cAMciyAnAM kendrasthaLo hatA, jyAMthI jahAjho luMTavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. jemake aranAM je jahAjha 1. saphara nAmae sulemAna sayarANiI, preperisa 2. balAjharI-chapAyela misara. siMdhanA prakaraNamAM. 3. kviAbula hiMda-alabIrUnI, chapAyela yuropa. jemake upara AvI gayuM che.

Page #253
musalamAnonA humalA [241 laMkAthI hAthI, ane arabastAnanA uttama ghoDA vepAraarthe somanAtha lAvyAM hatAM temane kSemarAja cAvaDAe lUMTI lIdhAM hatAM, AthI musalamAnonA jAnamAlanI hiphAjhata mATe somanAtha ane kaccha upara humalo karI temanAM kendrasthaLe teDavAnI jarUra paDI. luTAruoe somanAtha ja pitAnuM sthaLa e kAraNathI banAvyuM hatuM ke tyAM teone gupta vezamAM rahevAnI uttama sagavaDa hatI. samudramAM lUMTa calAvatA hatA, tyArapachI maMdiramAM AvI pavitra pUjArIo sAthe sAmela thaI jatA hatA. kacchanI pasaMdagI teoe e kAraNathI karI hatI ke je jamIna upara teo humalo kare to samudramAM bhAgI jaI zakAya ane samudramAMthI humale karI kacchanA raNamAM jaI Azraya laI zakAya. mArA khyAla mujaba eka etihAsika kAraNa e paNa saMbhavita che ke je ke eka svataMtra mIjAjI amaladAra junaida (I. sa. 725 hi. sa. 107) sivAya koI bIjA musalamAne gujarAta upara mahamudanI pahelAM humalo karyo na hato, paraMtu vallabharAyanA rAjamAM musalamAne ati ArAmathI rahI zakatA hatA, tethI puSkaLa musalamAne tyAM vasavATa karyo hato. AthI rAjAne bahu phAyado thato hato. ane vaLI gujarAtanA rAjAone vallabharAyanA khAnadAna sAthe rAjakIya ane dhArmika adAvata hatI, tethI temane e joI joIne adekhAI AvatI hatI, e kAraNathI te musalamAnonA kaTTA duzmana thayA hatA. jemake sulemAna sayarANI nAmanA basarAnA vepArIe trIjI hijarI sadInI zarUAtamAM hiMdustAnanI musApharI karI hatI te potAnA sapharanAmAmAM jyAM gujarAtanI paristhitinuM varNana kare che temAM lakhe che ke "gujarAtano rAjA musalamAnone kaTTo duzmana che ane hiMdu rAjAomAM tenAthI vadhe e kaI bIje islAmane zatru nathI."1 1. silalituta tavArIkha, pR0 28 (chapAyela parisa)mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke hiMdustAnamAM enAthI moTe islAmane kaI bIje duzamana nathI..

Page #254
24ra . gujarAtane ItihAsa trIjI hijarI sadInI madhyamAM abu jhayadula hasana sayarANIe A mulkamAM saphara karI, teNe paNa lagabhaga upara mujabano ja abhiprAya lakhe che, eTale ke gujarAtanA rAjAne musalamAno sAthe sakhata adAvata che. cothI hijarI sadInI zarUAtamAM masaudI gujarAtamAM AvyA hatuM. te kahe che ke "gujarAtanA rAjAne musalamAno tarapha sakhta nakata che ane musalamAnono e kaTTo duzmana che." - pAMcamI hijarI sadInI zarUAtamAM bIrUnI Avyo hato tenuM khyAna upara AvI gayuM che. e lakhe che ke "kaccha ane somanAtha dariyAI cAMciyAonuM AzrayasthAna che ane sAdhAraNa rIte arabanAM jahAjho lUMTavAmAM Ave che ane gujarAtane rAjA enA aTakAva mATe kaMIpaNa karatuM nathI, kAraNa ke musalamAna sAthenI adAvata vaMzaparaMparA UtarI AvelI che. eka varasa pasAra thayAM hovA chatAM e rAjAonI duzmanAvaTa cAlu che." TUMkamAM musalamAna sAthenuM gujarAtI rAjAonuM dveSabharyuM vartana chAnuM rahe ema na hatuM. paraMtu e vAta te vepArIo ane musApharo mArata tamAma islAmI duniyAmAM jAhera thaI gaI hatI. mahamUda paNa enAthI aNajANa na hato. saMbhavita che ke bakhamAM zikAyata karanAra musalamAna vepArIo paNa haya, jemaNe pitAnA hetu pAra pADavAmAM kAmiyAbI hAMsila karavAne dhArmika dakhala UbhI karI che. ane sAmAnya varganA lokonA upara chApa pADavAmAM bahudhA e ja mArga vadhAre phaLIbhUta thayo che. tethI mahamUdane paNa munAsiba lAgyuM ke eka vakhata pharIthI hiMdustAnamAM jaI pitAno prabhAva pradarzita kare ane Ama musalamAnonI phariyAda dUra kare. 3. je samaye mahamUda gajhanavI gunAmAM hakUmata karate hato tyAranI IslAmI jagatanI paristhiti upara paNa eka sarasarI najara nAkhavAnI huM IcchA rAkhuM chuM, ke jethI tenuM gujarAtamAM AvavAnuM kAraNa sApha rIte dhyAnamAM AvI jAya.

Page #255
musalamAnonA humalA [243 hajharata mohammada (sala0)nA avasAna pachI abubraka, umara ane usmAna (rada) eka pachI eka khalIpha thayA. tyArapachI jyAre hajharata alI khalIphA thayA tyAre musalamAnanA be vibhAga thayA : keTalAka khalIphA sAthe rahyA ane bAkInAe muAviyAno sAtha lIdhe. hajharata alI pachI ImAma hasana AvyA, ane musalamAnomAM kusaMpa nApasaMda paDatAM teNe hajharata muAviyA sAthe salAha karI lIdhI, ane pite khilAphatanA kAryano tyAga karyo. TUMkamAM amIra muAviyAnA vakhatathI banu umasyA khAnadAnanA hAthamAM khilAta (hakUmata) rahI. I. sa. 749 (hi. sa. 132)mAM e khAnadAnanI paDatI thaI ane tenI jagyAe abbAsa khAnadAnanA leke khalIphA thavA mAMDayA teomAM mahadI, masUra, hArUna razIda ane mutasima mazahUra vyaktio che. pAyatakhta paNa damAskasathI bagadAda badalavAmAM AvyuM. abAsI khAnadAnamAM e ja majakUra chellA pAdazAha paryata khilAphatane dabadabo rahyo. tenA avasAna (hi. sa. 227- I. sa. 841) pachI paDatI zarU thaI. prathama turkonI sattA rahI. tyArapachI buvaye kuTuMbanA ImAdudaulAnI I. sa. 96ra (hi. sa. 300)mAM unnati zarU thaI. tenA bhAI muIydadaulAe bagadAdane kabajo lIdho ane abhyAsI khAnadAnanI viruddha phakta rAjakIya zreSatA kAyama rAkhIne mohammadanI putrI phAtamAnA putro (mohammada sala0. nuM kuTuMba sAthe atizaya mohabbata hoya ema dekhAva karyo.ababAsI khAnadAnanI nabaLAI ane kamajorIne ghaNAye hAkemo phAyado uThAvya teomAM AphrikAne hAkema paNa ApakhudI rIte lAMbA arasAthI hakUmata karI rahyo hato, eTale sudhI ke I. sa. 900 (hi. sa. 297) mAM ubedullAha nAmanA eka phAtamI IsmAIlIe tenI viruddha potAnI phejI tAktane laIne phatteha meLavI ane tamAma AphrikA potAnI sattA nIce lIdhuM. e khAnadAne dhIme dhIme eTalI badhI pragati karI ke I. sa. 95ra (hi. sa. 341) mAM khalIpha

Page #256
244] gujarAtano ItihAsa muijhuddInanA samayamAM misara, makkA, madInA, siriyA, yamana vagere tamAma tenI hakUmata nIce AvI gayAM. ambAsI khilAphatanI kamajorIne lAbha laIne eka bIjA zamsa paNa unnatinA zikhare pahoMce e abu saIda karmatI hate. I. sa. 899 (hi. sa. 286) thI e karmIoe pragati zarU karI ane I. sa. 905 (hi. sa. 375) paryata saphaLatAthI hakUmata karI. zarUAtamAM te rasUlanA khAnadAnanA nAmathI UyA; paraMtu jyAre kAmiyAbI prApta karI tyAre sarvane UMcA mUkI dIdhA. methI to misaranA IsmAIlI khalIphAnI sattA nIce hovAnuM abhimAna rAkhatA hatA, paraMtu amala karavAmAM Apakhuda rIte ja kAma karatA hatA ane chAnI rIte pracAra karI dUradUranA mulkamAM lakone potAnA vicAra sAthe ekamata karI dIdhA hatA. samasAmuddadaulAe temanI zakti bilakula nAbuda karI letA tyAre umAna, hajara ane beharInamAM teo jatA rahyA. paraMtu paDezIoe temanA upara humalA zarU karyo tyAre nAsabhAga karI najIka hovAnA kAraNe siMdha ane mulatAnamAM pitAnA ja dharmane pahelethI AvI vasavATa karI rahelA lekene maLyA ane eTalA tAkatadAra thayA ke ahIM pitAnI sattA jamAvI dIdhI. bagadAdanA khalIphAne badale misaranA khalIpha arthAta IsmAIlIo sAthe sogaMdavidhisara joDAyA. ImAIlI khalIphAo barAbara pragati karI rahyA hatA. I. sa. 971 (hi. sa. 36 5) mAM ajhIjha billAe ajhadudaulA buvaye bagadAda, pharsa vagere upara hakUmata karato hato tenI sAthe patravyavahAra karI e nakkI karI lIdhuM ke ajhaduddaulA phAtimI khalIphAono khuba pitAnA tAbAnA mukemAM paDhAve. AthI phAtinIonI kozizanuM pariNAma zuM AvyuM ke abbAsI khalIphAo mojuda hatA tema chatAM khuda bagadAdamAM paNa I. sa. 1060 (hi. sa. 432) mAM phAtimI 1. sapharanAmA allAmA baznArI mukadazI

Page #257
musalamAnonA humalA [245 khalIphAono khuo eka sAla paryata paDhavAmAM Avyo. ane AvI rIte AphrikAthI mAMDI khurAsAna paryata IsmAIlIonI rAjakIya jAgRti temaja buvaye khAnadAnanI lIlI koziza (abAsIonI viruddha)ne laIne abbAsI khalIphA lagabhaga khatama thaI gayA hatA. I. sa. 970 (hi. sa. 36 0 ) mAM ajhadudaulA jyAre yuvarAja hatA tyAre teNe phiramAna jItI makarANane paNa kabaje lIdhe. te samaye balucistAnano moTo bhAga siMdhamAM gaNato hato. tethI makarANa ane siMdha ekabIjAnA pADozI hatA. makarANanI phateha thaI tyAre siMdhIo paNa gabharAyA hatA. khalIphAonI sAthe sAthe tenuM nAma paNa teo khullAmAM paDhavA lAgyA. vaLI eka pratinidhimaMDaLa paNa (ajhaduddadaulAnA pAyatakhta) zIrAjhamAM siMdhIoe mokalyuM, je temanA hetu pAra pADavAmAM kAmiyAbI meLavI pAchuM AvyuM. jemake alAmA mukaddazI pitAnA sapharanAmAmAM lakhe che ke - ahIM (masUrA-siMdhamAM) keTalAka divasathI ajhaduddaulAnuM nAma khullAmAM rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. ane huM zIrAjha pahoMcyo tyAre majUrAno kAsida ajhaduddaulAnA putranI pAse Avyo ane tene mulAkAta ApavAmAM AvI. mulatAnamAM phAtimI khalIphAonA khullA jArI che. ane ahIM kAI hukama misaranA phAtimI khalIphAonI maMjUrI vagara bahAra pADavAmAM Avato nathI. mulatAnanA lokonI bheTa ane kAsidonI vyavasthita rIte AvajAva thAya che. ahIM IsmAIlI (phAtimI khalIphAo)nI eTalI badhI asara che ke temanI paravAnagI sivAya kaIpaNa zamsa mulatAnanA takhta upara besI zakato nathI." - 1. siMdhanA be bhAga hatA; ekanuM mukhya zahera mulatAna hatuM, jenI hada kAramIrane maLatI hatI. ane bIjAnuM mukhya zahera majUrA hatuM, jemAM balucistAnano eka bhAga zAmela hato. 2. sapharanAmA alAmAM baggArI muddazI-purepa siMdha prakaraNa

Page #258
246 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa A avataraNa uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke sidha ismAilI hukUmatanA tAbAmAM sIdhI ke ADakatarI rIte hatuM. A bAju jIvaye khAnadAnanI sthiti evI hatI ke bagadAdanA khalIphAone zetaraMja (nI ramata ) nA zAhanI jema uDADI mUkatA hatA temaja mesADatA hatA, ane jAhera rIte kASTa evI sattA na hatI je bagadAdanA khalIphAone madada kare ane muvaye khAnadAnanA paMjAmAMthI mukta kare. bIjI bAjUe misaranAM phAtimI khAnadAnanA leAkeA peAtAnI hakUmata ane asaranA dAyarA divase divase vistRta karatA hatA. hAkema eaprilA I. sa. 996-1020 (hi. sa. 386-411 ) potAnA chUpA ejaTA mAraphata phakta misara, siriyA, mA, baharIna, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu gujarAta, mulatAna, ane khusasAna payata potAnuM kAya karavAmAM phaLIbhUta thayA hatA. jhAhera leiinallAhanA samayamAM khurAsAnanA hAjIe tene maLavAne misarI gayA hatA ane khilAtanuM mAna pAmI pAchA AvyA. vAtane sArAMza e che ke mahamUda gajhanavIe takhta upara paga mUkyA tyAre IslAmI duniyAnI A hAlata hatI, te samaye gajhanA gAra ane turkastAnane phakta eka IlAkA hatA jyAM ismAIlI haju paheAMcyA na hatA. bagadAdanA takhta upara kAdira billAha khalopha hate. te jIvaye khAnadAnanA rakSaNa heThaLanA eka kedI thayA hatA, paraMtu jIvaye khAnadAna mAMheAmAMhenI takarArane laIne majora thaI javAthI teNe pharIthI abbAsIenI sattA kAyama karavAnI icchA karI. e mATe prathama phAtimI khAnadAnanI sattA teADavI jarUrI hatI. -ismAIlIone! evela dAveA che ke mulatAna ane siMdhamAM amArI hakUmata hatI ane nahi ke katIonI. gajhanavI ane gherIe amArI pAsethI saltanata chInavI lIdhI. sumarA kAma amArA dharmane ja mAnatI hatI.' me gujarAtImAM ismAIlIe . ( vaherA ) nI dAvatane itihAsa eka alaga risAlAmAM lakhyA che. -

Page #259
. musalamAnAnAM humalA [ 247 agadAdamAM khruvaye khAnadAnanI hAjarImAM temaja ismAilInI rAjakIya jAgRtine laIne AvuM kAma karavuM e kaMI sahelI vAta na hatI. e mATe to pAyatakhtathI dUradUranA mulkAmAM jyAM navI sattA jAmatI hatI tene majabUta banAvavAnI jarUra hatI ke jethI tenA hetu pAra paDe; jemake pazcima (karavAnamAM) Ibna bAdIsanA jamAnAmAM e. mATe ghaNI kaiAziza karavAmAM AvI, jene natIjo tene uttarAdhikArI kAsima eagnillAha abbAsInA jamAnAMmAM AvyeA; jo ke kRtimI khAnadAnanI rAjakIya jAgRti ane nadIkIne laI te lAMbeA. samaya te sthiti kAyama rahI zakI nahi. khIjI bAjUe mahamUda gajhanavIne uzkeryA ane saphaLa thayA ane e ja kAraNathI mahamUdanI phatehAnI bagadAdanA. khalIphAe prasiddhi karI, khutbAmAM te prakaTa karI ane bagadAdamAM te mATe ujavaNI karavAmAM AvI. mahamUda gajhanavIne paNa eka khalIphAnI bahu jarUra hatI, jethI karI tenA nAmathI phatehanu dbAra khAle ane Ama lakAmAM nAmacIna thaI duzmaneAthI bace ane samakAlIneAmAM agragaNya thAya. te samaye sulatAna hiMdustAnamAM lAgalagaDha humalA karI rahyo hatA. anaMgapALa sAthenI laDAImAM rAjakIya paristhiti dhyAnamAM rAkhI amulaphatha dAude (je zuyabAna khAnadAnane trIjo pAdazAha hatA.) majakUra rAjAne " .. 1. keTalAkAe 'sUmarA' lakhyuM che. sUmarA kAma vize sAmAnya rIte itihAsakAromAM matabheda che. maulAnA gulAmaalI Ajha:da elagrAmI mAne che ke sAdhAraNa rIte "marA" zabda mAhera che te asala sAmirA ''che. ane "sAmirA yuropanuM eka mazahUra zahera che. te leAkeA tyAMthI ja AvIne vasyA ane sattA jamAvI hakUmata prApta karI. maulAnA abdulhalIma zarara sAhebe peAtAnI 'tArIkhe siMdhamAM ema sAbita karavAnI kAziza karI che ke kharekhara te 69 sAmA zaheranA ucca khAnadAnanA leAkA hatA. teee musalamAna thai misaranA ismAIlIenI madadathI mulatAnanA banne lIdheA hateA. iliyaTa sAhebanA sa`zAtrananuM valaNa paNa A mAnyatA tarapha ja che. paraMtu te A pariNAma paryaMta paheAMcyA nahatA. ibna khattAnA lakhANa rr

Page #260
248 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa sAtha ApyA. tethI mahamUda samajyA ke jo e rAjyanA harIphane jaladI tAme karavAmAM na Ave te bhaviSyamAM bahu nukasAna thaze. AthI mahamUda gajhanavIe anaMgapALa taraphathI nizcita thaI mulatAnavALAenI khabara lIdhI ane bIjI vakhata caDAI karI. mulatAnane jItelA pradezamAM zAmela karI lIdhuM. mulatAnanA ghaNAkharA IsmAIlI tyAMthI bhAgI jaI gujarAtamAM jamA thayA, jyAM pahelethI ja ismAilIe yamananA raste AvyA hatA, ane AvI rIte gujarAta mahamUda mATe rAjyanA duzmanAnu kendra banatuM jatuM hatuM. kendra khate te pahelAM ja temane DarAvI vikheravuM mahamUdane ThIka lAgyuM. dhaNuM saMbhavita che ke A IrAdAne paNa lakSamAM rAkhI mahamUdde gujarAta upara humalA karyo hoya, ane phakta e ja icchAthI dUrathI pharI karIne gujarAta AvyA hAya ke jethI gujarAtanA vatanIone temaja ismAilIene enI khabara sudhdhAMta na paDe. (hiMdI IsmAIlI arthAt dAudI vaheArAnA vigatavAra smRtihAsanA me eka risAlA lakhyA che.) tr mAMthI paNa temanuM asala mULa maLatuM nathI. phakta eTaluM naNavAnu` maLe che ke te musalamAna hatA. ibna khaDUtAnA hAMsiyA lakhanAre saMzodhana karyuM che ke tee "sUmarA" ke "sAmI" ke "sUmatI 'haze ane rajapUta hatA ane siMdhanA purANA rahevAsI hatA, je musalamAna thai gayA hatA. ane bahudhA e ja kAraNathI ApaNe joIe chIe ke phIrojhazAha tagalakanI ThaThThA upara caDAi vakhate AmathI hajharata jalAluddIna jahAniyAMgate suleha karAvI jethI karIne e musalamAnAmAM khUnarejhI na thAya. paraMtu e vize uttama soAdhana va arabo hiMda'mAM alAmA saiyada sulemAna nadavI sAhebe karyuM" che, jemAM temaNe sAbita karyu che ke e leAkA arakha IsmAilI hatA. (pR. 314 ) ane mArI dha!raNA mujaba asala zabda sAmarAya " che, jene akhI uccAra "seAmarA' thayA; jemake "balaharA" vallabharAya' uparathI che e khAnadAnanuM nAma che. emanuM (semarA) eka nAma musalamAnI ane khInnu geramusalamAnI hatuM; jemake cInI ane kharamI musalamAnenuM Aja paNa heAya che. ""

Page #261
musalamAnonA humalA [ 249 4. duniyAmAM koI bahAdura mahattvAkAMkSI zakhsa thayo nathI jeNe potAnI sattA vadhArI nahi heya. sikaMdara, juliyasa sIjhara, raamasIsa, (phara misaranA pAdazAhano IlakAba), nepoliyana, kaikhulsava, dArA, navazIravAna, apharAsiyAba, vikramAditya, azoka, kanojano harSa, zivAjI, raNajItasiMha; TUMkamAM duniyAnA koI paNa rASTramAM jyAre kaI paNa bahAdura, sattAvALA puruSa pedA thayo hoya tyAre teNe rAjyane vistRta karavuM e ja pitAnI pharaja samajI lIdhI hatI. sula tAna mahamUda gajhanavI paNa evo ja mahattvAkAMkSI bahAdura zamsa hato je khAmoza besI rahe e asaMbhavita hatuM. jyAre te takhtanazIna thayo tyAre tenI satata eka evI jagyA upara hatI ke jenI traNa bAju upara islAmI muke hatA. bukhAra, khIvA, ane turkastAna tenA khAnadAnanA rAjyartAo (sAmAnI khAnadAna) pAse hatAM. temanI sAthe bagADavuM e apakAra karyA barAbara gaNato hato. phAsathI mAMDI IrAka ane bagadAda payaMta buvaye khAnadAnane sitAro camakato hato. TUMkamAM hiMdustAna ane cIna sivAya AsapAsamAM koIpaNa evo mulka na hato jyAM tenI bahAdura jene pitAnuM pANI batAvavAno moko maLI zake. karmasaMjoge evuM banyuM ke jayapALa ane anaMgapALane laIne vAraMvAra ene hiMdustAnamAM AvavuM paDyuM, tene irAdo laMkA ane siyAma paryata pitAnI phatehono jhaMDo pharakAvavAne hato. najIkane raste levo tene mATe jarUrI hatuM. gajhanAthI laMkA paryatane raste ja gujarAta javA mATe ochAmAM ocho bhaya bharelo hato. te dhyeya hAMsila karavAne e kAma paheluM ApavuM jarUrI hatuM. A kAraNathI teNe gujarAta upara caDAI karI ane kAmiyAba thaI pAcho Avyo. 5. sauthI mahattvanI bAbata to e hatI ke subuktagInanA 1. tArIkhe pharitA-somanAtha ane mahamUda gajhanavI vizenuM prakaraNa

Page #262
250 ] gujarAtane ItihAsa chevaTanA samayamAM ane mahamUdanA zarUAtanA humalA daramiyAna jayapALa ane anaMgapALe musalamAnanI sAme hiMdustAnanA meTA moTA rAjAonI sAthe thaI humalo karyo ane Akhare hAra khAdhI. mahamUdanI laDAI phakta anaMgapALa sAthe hatI. bIjAo sAthe ene kaMI saMbaMdha na hato. tyArapachI mahamUda sAme kAraNa vagara anaMgapALA sAthe thaI kanoja, mIrata, mathurA, mahAvana, kAliMjara, ajamera ane gvAliyaranA rAjAoe caDAI karI. kudaratI rIte A vAta mahamUdane pasaMda na paDI. jANe ke A rAjAoe kAraNa vagara mahamUdane laDAI mATe nimaMtraNa ApyuM hoya ema hatuM. mahamUde paNa eka pachI eka ema badhA pAsethI badale lIdhe. uttara hiMdustAnathI ajamera, mALavA, ane gujarAta bilakula alaga hatAM. A kAraNathI A traNene zikSA karavAne pUrepUrI kALajI temaja saMpUrNa tAkatasara evA raste AvyuM ke temane ApasamAM maLavAno temaja sAmano karavAne mokko na maLe. ane e ja pramANe thayuM. 6. e tamAma rAjAo (arthAta ajamera, mALavA, ane gujarAta)mAM sauthI vadhAre magarUra temaja dolatamaMda gujarAtane rAjA, hato. tethI ajameranA rAjAe palAyana thavAnuM pasaMda karyuM tyAre enuM pAyatakhta lUMTavuM e eka saMpUrNa bodhapATha gaNavAmAM Avyo. paraMtu gujarAtanA rAjAnA hAtha nIce saMkhyAbaMdha jhabaradasta rAjAo hovAnA kAraNathI mahArAjA tarIkenI tenI hesiyata hatI tethI tenI rAjadhAnI paryata pahoMcavuM ane lUMTI levuM kAphI na hatuM. che. e ja AdhAre ema paNa dAvo karI zakAya che ke khAsa karIne somanAtha upara ja humale karavAnI mahamUdanI kaMI paNa niyata na hatI, paraMtu tenI asala icchA gujarAtanA rAjA pAsethI aveja levAnI hatI, tethI aNahIlapura pATaNa pahoMcyo paNa duzmana na maLe,

Page #263
musalamAnanA humalA [ 251 tyAre lUTamAra karI pAchA pharavAne badale te tenI pAchaLa paDayA. te delavADA cAlyeA gayA hatAM tethI mahamUda tyAM gayA, tyArapachI te seAmanAtha tarapha AvI rahyo hatA tethI mahamUde paNa te tarapha prayANa karyuM. tyAM pahoMcatAM tene khabara thaI ke te kacakATa nAsI chUTayeA che. have kathakATa javAne me sArA rastA hatA : eka teA khaMbhAta baMdara lUTI tyAMthI jahAjhamAM besI javAnuM hatuM; paraMtu emAM te bAbata lakhAI jAya ema hatI. khIjo AsAna rastA sAmanAtha baMdara thaIne javAtA hatA. jo sAmanAthanA leAkAe enI adhInatA satvara svIkArI hAta ane mA` ApyA hAta te sAmanAthane kAI paNa jAtanuM nukasAna thayuM na heAta ane te sIdhA kathakATa pahoMcI gayA hIta. vaLI e mATe e dalIla che ke mahamUdanI sArI umaramAM eve eka paNa dAkhaleA nathI je ema puravAra kare ke tAbedArI svIkAryA khAda sulehazAMti daramiyAna kAI maMdirane teNe lUTayuM hoya ke krAI hiMdune khaLajabarIthI musalamAna banAvyA hoya. paraMtu sAmanAthanA lAkAe mAga zakayA ane killAbaMda thaI mane kamane laDAI vaheArI lIdhI. enA phAyadA duzmanAe uDAvyA. tyArapachI ApaNe joIe chIe ke joke sAmanAtha jItyA pachI teNe lUMTavuM jevuM hatuM paraMtu te phateha karyA bAda kaMthakoTa pahoMcyA. kathakATathI paNa rAjA bhAgI gayA tyAre mahamUde tenI pUTha pakaDI. tyAM AvanAM tene mAlUma paDayuM ke pote pahADI pradezamAM cAlye thayeA. jo mahamUdanI makasada phakta sAmanAtha jItavAnI ja hAta tA teNe ajamera ane AjInA rastAne badale kacchanA nAnA raNamAM thaIne banatI tvarAthI seAmanAca pahoMcI javuM joItuM hatuM, jemake teNe vApasI vakhate temaja karyuM hatuM. paraMtuM huM jouM chuM ke bhImadevanI pAchaLa pAchaLa te doDatA pharatA hatA e uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te tenI pAchaLa ja sAmanAtha gayeA hateA. ane jo tenA irAde phakta lUMTanA ja hota te teNe khaMbhAta ane mALavA jevAM mAladArA sthaLeA zA mATe cheADI dIdhAM ?

Page #264
252 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa mahamUda gajhanavInI ravAnagI TUMkamAM mahamUda gajhanavIe jyAre gujarAta phateha karavAnA irAdA karyAM tyAre rAjyanA staMbharUpI umarAve sAthe masata karI, rastA vize tapAsa karI, muzkelIo jANI lIdhI, phAjonI saMkhyAnI gaNatrI karavAmAM AvI. majhahabI svayaMsevakAnI TALAmAM ane TeALAmAM bharatI thavA lAgI, jenI saMkhyA 30,000 payaMta paheAMcI gaI. TUMkamAM 30,000 svayaM sevakrA sAthe 54000 jeTalA pagAradAra savAza laI i. sa. 124 nA sapTembaramAM hi.sa. 415 nA zAkhAna mahinAnI 10 mI tArIkhe ganAthI ravAnA thayeA. DerA ismAilakhAnanA raste ( I. sa. 1024-hi. sa. 415 ) ramajhAna mAsanI 16 mI tArIkhe mulatAna AvyA.1 pANInI achata joI dareka sainika ane mujAhida (svayaMsevaka)ne potAnI tAkatanA pramANamAM khArAkanA bhAtheA ane pANInI hAthamazaka bharelI rAkhavAneA hukama karyAM. te uparAMta ra0,000 (ane bIjAnA kahevA pramANe 30,000) jeTalA UMTane keTalAka divasa tarasyA rAkhI pANI pivaDAvavAmAM AvyuM ane temanA upara khArAka ane pANI lAdavAmAM AvyuM. mulatAnathI bikAnera ane jesalamera thai traNaseA pacAsa mAIlanA pANI temaja zvAsa vinAnA sUkA ane verAna raNamAM thaI ravAnA thayA. pahelI majhila para hareka sipAhIe peAtapeAtAnI sAthenuM bhAthu vAparyuM, te pachI UMTA mAravAmAM AvatAM. sipAhIe gAsta khAtA ane UMTanI kAthaLImAMthI nIkaLatuM pANI sApha karI gheADAne pivaDAvavAmAM AvatuM. UMTa upara lAdeluM pANI lazkaranA sainike vAparatA. AvI rIte chApA mAratI e pheja ajamera pata pahAMcI. ajameranA rAA e beI 1. riztA-navalikoAra 1. tArIkhe sUphI 2. tArIkhe jhakAullA 3. kissae mahamUdazAha ma'gAlI

Page #265
musalamAnonA humalA [253 heratamaMda thaI gaye, kAraNa ke e vAta bilakula tenA khyAlanI viruddha hatI. mahamUda gajhanAthI ravAnA thayo tyAre enA AgamananI hiMdanA dareka rAjAne khabara to haze ja, paraMtu keIne ema khabara na hatI ke vIjaLI mArA upara ja paDaze. A ja kAraNane laIne ajamerano rAjA naciMta hatuM. paraMtu jyAre balA zira upara AvI pahoMcI tyAre gujarAtanA rAjAnI madada mAgI, paraMtu te maLI nahi. tethI tene mATe bhAgI gayA sivAya bIjo koI Are rahyo nahi. mahamUda gajhanavI ajamera khAlI jaI dAkhala thayo ane navesarathI saraMjAma taiyAra karI nIkaLe. sAme tArAgaDhano majabUta killo hato, paraMtu vilaMba thavAnA temaja tenA AvavAnI khabara pracalita thaI javAnA khyAlathI tArAgaDhane ghero ghAlavAnI vAta tene munAsiba na lAgI ane e rAjAne ATalI zikSA kAphI samajavAmAM AvI. tyAra pachI jaMgala, medAna, gAma ane zaheramAM thaIe Abu pahoMcyo.1 nAnA nAnA ThAkaree adhInatA svIkArI. AbunA rAjAe paNa najarANuM ApI tAbe thaI pitAno jAna bacAvyo ane potAnA mulkamAMthI balI TALI. sulatAne tyAMthI humalo karatA gujarAta pahoMcI gayo ane sIdhe aNahIlapura pATaNa tarapha ravAnA thaye. arabI ktiAbomAM "pATaNa"ne badale "phatana" lakhyuM che. enuM asala nAma aNahIla-. 1. e vAta khAsa ullekha karavA lAyaka che ke mahamada gajhanavI ajamerathI sIdhe Abu AvyuM. teNe ujajanane bilakula cheDayuM nahi. mArA abhiprAya mujaba enuM kAraNa e che ke tamAma hiMdustAnamAM te samaye phakta ujajanane rAjA bheja eka akalamaMda rAjyA~ hato. pite rAjadvArI bAbatamAM prauDha havA uparAMta jJAna ane vidyAmAM paNa eAcho Utare e nahato. ema jaNAya che ke teNe khAmozIthI mahamUda gajhanavI sAthe suleha karI dIdhI hatI. ane te ja kAraNathI te tyAM gayo nahi. vaLI e mATe mArI pAse e dalIla che ke te samayane eka zAera ghanapAla lakhe che ke mahamUda gajhanavIne ujajananA rAjAe vAliyaramAM hAra ApI hatI. paraMtu jagamazahUra vAta che ke mahamUdane vAliyaramAM koI paNa zikasta maLI nahatI.

Page #266
254 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa rr "" vADa che ane phArasI ane arakhI mrutihAsakArAe enuM naheravAlA kyuM. e zahera e mulkanuM pAyatakhta che ane ahIMnA rAjA gujarAtane mahArAjA hatA. gaMdhAra, mAMgarALa, khaMbhAta, sAmanAtha, bharUca, jUnAgaDha vageremAM ene khAMDaNI ApanArA mAMDalikA rahetA hatA. te samaye gujarAtane mahArAjA sAlakI vaMzane bhImadeva hatA. I. sa. 1022 thI.1072 (hi. sa. 413-hi. sa. 465) jo ke e rAjA mahattvAkAMkSI ane bahAdura hatA, tema chatAM sulatAna mahamUdanA acAnaka AvavAthI e paNa gabharAi gayA gvAliyara ke jenI sarahada ujjanane maLatI hatI tyAM je elacI meAkalavAmAM AnyA, mahudhA te jyAre kAmiyAba thaI AnI suleha karIne pA AvyA haze tyAre teNe kahyuM haze ke ame amArA dhyeyamAM phatehama deM pAchA pharyA. leAkAe tene a laDAImAM teha meLavI ema karyA ane zAere peAtAnA AzrayadAtAne phatehamada ane mahamUdane parAjita lakhI mAryA. hi'duemAM e prathama pustaka che jemAM mahamUda gajhanavIno ullekha che. te AgaLa cAlatAM duA mAge che ane devane saMbedhI kahe che ke-- 66 eha ! mahAdeva, tu' ati zaktivAna che. (turkA) mahamUda gajhanavIe thANezvara, mathurA ane seAmanAthane nArA karyAM che, paraMtu te tArA pata paheAMcI zakayA nahi. " (satyapura maMDana zrI mahAvIra utsAha) mahamUde e saphara kAi bIjA samaya mATe mekUpha rAkhI heAya e sabhavita che. 1. riztA ane takhakAte akbarImAM bhImadevane badale khIramadeva lakhavAmAM AvyuM che je kharekhara bhUla ja che. badAyunIe hiMdanA rAtaomAMnA ekanuM nAma bhImadeva lakhyuM che je uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke khIramadeva gujarAtanA rAjA na hatA. siyala mutaakhkharInamAM mahamUda sAthe bajadevane mukAbalA karAvyA che. akbaranAmAnA kartAe jAmantra lakhyuM che ane enA ja AdhAre mirAte ahamadIe paNa lakhyuM che. jAma da" cAmuMDanA apabhraMza che. ( keTalAka cAmuDa paNa kahe che. ) cAmuMDa bhImadevanA dAdA hatA, ibna asIranI tArIkhe kAmilamAM bhImadeva che, je gejheTiyara ane gujarAtI tArIkhamAM paNa che, ane e ja kharuM' che. kAraNa ke e ja mahamUdanA samakAlIna che.

Page #267
musalamAnonA humalA [255 ane ATalI tvarAthI kaI rAjA paNa vakhatasara madada karI zake tema nahato tethI te "naharavAlA" pAyatakhtathI nAsI chUTayo. Akhare gajhanAthI UpaDI 80 maMjhila vaTAvI sulatAna mahamUde "naharavAlA" pahoMcI dama lIdho te pahelAM ja bhImadeva te tyAMthI bhAgI gayo hato, tethI tenI pUTha pakaDavAne vicAra karyo. prathama saraMjAma khUTI gayela hovAthI navesarathI taiyAra karyo ane bIjI jarUrI cIjo paNa maLI javAthI moDherA tarapha vaLe, tyArapachI vaDhavANane raste delavADA pahoMcyo. e zahera te bhAgamAM bIjA naMbaranuM gaNAtuM hatuM. mahamUdanA acAnaka AgamanathI tathA bhayabhIta thaI javAthI mukAbale karavAnI koInI hiMmata cAlI nahi. bahudhA keTalAka lokoe no sAmane karyo paraMtu kAmiyAba na thayA, ane mahamUda zaheramAM vijayavaMta dAkhala thayA. bhImadeva tyAMthI paNa cAlyA gayA ane somanAtha thaI kacchamAM AvelA kaMthakoTamAM pahoMcyA. sulatAna mahamUda delavADAthI phArega thaI I. sa. 1025 (hi. sa. 416)mAM sIdhe somanAtha pATaNa baMdare pahoMcyo. teNe joyuM ke samudranA kinArA upara eka AlizAna kille che, jenuM zikhara 1. zerUla ajama bhA. 4 mahamadanA samayanA kavionA prakaraNamAM. 2. [merA eka moTuM zahera hatuM je vistAra ane bhapakAmAM pATaNathI keIpaNa rIte kama na hatuM. e zahera pATaNanI najadIkamAM ja hatuM. temAM sUrajadevatAnuM eka moTuM maMdira hatuM. tethI e ghaNuM dolatamaMda ane AbAda zahera thaI gayuM hatuM. gajhanavInI pheja pATaNa pachI e ja zaheramAM AvI ane khUba lUMTaphATa macAvI, je vize phararUkhIe lakhyuM che. e ja zaherathI nIkaLelA brAhmaNone gujarAtamAM moDha brAhmaNa kahevAmAM Ave che. e ja pramANe moDha vANiyA paNa hoya che. sva. mehanalAla karamacaMda gAMdhI (mahAtmAjI moDha vaNiyA hatA; temanA bApadAdAo porabaMdaramAM jaI vasyA hatA. 3. yAde avyAma, pR. 9 (pahelI AvRtti) 1. mirAte ahamadI

Page #268
256] . gujarAtano itihAsa AsamAna sAthe vAta karI rahyuM che. teno pAyo samudrane lAgelo che, kaTa upara ThekaThekANe cekI paherAnI vyavasthA che. mahamUda gajhanavInI lAgalagaTa hiMda uparanI caDAIone laIne lagabhaga moTA bhAganA lake tenA nAmathI vAkepha hatA. tenI tAbedArI svIkArI tene mArga ApavAmAM Avyo hota te somanAthane koIpaNa jAtanuM nukasAna pahoMcyuM na hota. paraMtu gajhanavI phejanI khabara sAMbhaLI manAthanA leka ekadama kilAbaMda thaI gayA. prathama to ghaNAkharA leke upara caDI tamAze bhALatA rahyA ane kAsido mAraphate payagAma zarU karyA. kasidoe dhamakI batAvavAne yuktiprayukti ajamAvI, paraMtu sulatAna dhamakIthI Daryo nahi ane teNe killAno ghero zarU karyo ane sakhtAI karI killAnI avarajavara baMdha karI dIdhI, tethI pUjArI brAhmaNane bahu takalIpha veThavI zarU thaI ane temanA rojanA kAryakramamAM pheraphAra thaI javAthI uzkerAI jaI kilAnA keTa upara AvyA, ane bUma ane cIsa pADIne kahevA lAgyA ke "amArA mahAna somanAthajI tamane kadAca e kAraNathI ahIM lAvyA che ke jethI tamane lUMTa. jo tame tamArI salAmatI cAhatA he te satvara pAchA jAo, nahi to tamAre mATe jIvatA rahevAnI koI AzAnuM kiraNa najare paDatuM nathI. hiMdustAnamAM je je mUrtio toDI che tene badale levAmAM Avaze." mahamUdanA sainikoe brAhmaNonI cImakI dhamakI ane zApano javAba eTalAM badhAM tIrathI Apyo ke tamAma keTa upara nAsI chUTayA ane somanAthanI mUrti AgaLa ghUMTaNIe paDI gaLagaLA thaI kAlAvAlA karyA. phojanA mANaso phasIla khAlI bhALatAM deraDuM nAkhI upara caDyA ane "allA ho akabara"nA bulanda nAdathI temanI hAjarIne khyAla Apo. killAnA rakSaka rajapUtane haragijha e vicAra Avyo na hato ke ATalI AsAnIthI musalamAne keTa upara caDI jaze. teoe A jANuM behada jussAmAM AvI eka evo jhabaradasta prati-humale karyo ke ghaNAkharA musalamAna mAryA

Page #269
musalamAnonA humalA [ 257 gayA, ane bAkInA phocha AdamIone pAchA pharavuM paDyuM. bIje divase savArathI mAMDI sAMja paryata eka pachI eka musalamAnoe humalA karyA ane nisaraNa mUkI mUkIne vAraMvAra kATa upara caDavAnI koziza karI, paraMtu kAmiyAba na thayA. musalamAnee duzmanene bahAra kADhI medAne paDI jaMgane pheMsala karI devAnI koziza karI, kAraNa ke musalamAnone koIpaNa taraphathI kumakanI AzA na hatI, paraMtu killAbaMda phojane AsapAsanA pADozIonI madadanI pUrI AzA hatI. jemake somanAthanA killAne hAkema kumArapALa, te banevI mAMgaroLanA hAkema jayapALanI ati rAha joI rahyo hato, tethI te laDAIne laMbAvavA cAhato hate. musalamAnonI uzkeraNIthI aMdaranA mANaso bahAra nIkaLyA ane sAMja sudhI bahAdurIthI jAna gumAvatA rahyA. teo gusAnA jezamAM vadhu ne vadhu humalA karatA hatA, paraMtu mahamUdanI anubhavI phoja eyabakakhAnanI pahADI ke jene paNa turkastAnamAM zikasta ApI cUkI hatI te temane samazeranA pANIthI ThaMDI pADI detI. duzamananI phoje ociMte humale karI, cekIpaherAnI phojanI katala karI ane kAmiyAba thaI pachI gaI3 mahamUda bhImadevanI pUTha pakaDI ahIM sudhI AvyA hato. somanAthanA lekenI rukAvaTane laIne bhImadevane moko maLyo. teNe tamAma saurASTranA rAjAone seminAthanA rakSaNa mATe taiyAra karyA. trIje divase baMne bAjU taraphathI jaMganI taiyArI thaI rahI hatI te vakhate eka navo ja phaNago phUTayo; arthAta saurASTranA nAnA nAnA ThAro somanAthanuM rakSaNa karavAne hAjara thayA ane e samaye gujarAtanA samrATa bhImadevane paNa eka phoja taiyAra karavAno moko maLyo. eka mahAna phoja laI te somanAtha pahoMcyA. e 1. kisae mahamUdazAha maMgarelI 2 pharistA bhA. 1 3 risAe mahamUdazAha maMgarolI. 17

Page #270
258 ] gujarAtanA RRtihAsa mahamUdanI phoja mATe saMkaTane samaya hatA. paraMtu parAkramI mahamUdda bilakula bhayabhIta na thayeA. e te! peAtAnI A dazA thaze ema prathama thI ja jANatA hatA. pezAvaranA ghATAmAM ane mulatAnanAM raNeAmAM e AvA raNasaMgrAmamAM tema6 thaI cUkayA hatA. AvI balAne kevI rIte TALavI e sArI rIte jANatA hatA. eNe gheADI phoja killAnA saMrakSaNa mATe athavA teA rokAyelI rAkhavAne mATe cheADI bAkInInA bhAgalA pADayA ane temane hukama karyo ke duzmaneAnI nAnI nAnI TukaDIo jyAM maLe tyAM ja temane nAsa kaA! AvI rIte nAnAnAnA ArA ane rAjAne teNe evo mArkA paNa na Apya ke sAmanAtha paMta pahuMce athavA te khIA kAI mahAna rAjAnA jhaMDA taLe rahI kaMi karI zake. tyAMtho phArega thaI mahamUda eka anubhavI phojane sAthe laI bhImadeva ane rAjA devazIla (saurA TranA kAI bhAganA eka rAnna)no mukAbalo karavAne nIkayA. raNakSetramAM uSNatA AvI gaI ane talavAro ekabIjAnuM khUna cATavA mAMDayu. laDAI pUratterathI cAlI rahI hatI. musalamAnonI phoja ghaTatI jatI hatI ane duzmanAnI phojamAM mahamUdanI phojanA DarathI Ama tema nAsI chUTelA lekAthI paLe paLe bharatI thatI jatI hatI. sulatAna mahamUdda A mAmale jene Dhacupacu thatA hateA, ema dhArIne ke joI e annama ze! Ave che. Akhare musalamAnomAM eka jAtanI nabaLAi AvavA lAgI, ane evA khyAla AvavA lAgyo ke duzmana mahamUdanI phojane kApI nAkhaze, ane pharI gajhanA najare jevAna ApaNA bhAgyamAM nahi dAya. sAmAnya rIte phArasI tArIkhomAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke mahamUdde potAnA murzide ApelAM kapaDAM paheryAM ane ghaNI ja AjIjIpUrvaka khudAnI sAme mAthuM namAvI phatehanI 1 de zIla rAkhame asala valabhIpurane verAna karI alaga alaga IlAkAene kabate laI lIdhA hateA. e khAnadAnanuM nAma che. 2. sulata nanA ni MdanuM nAma zekha alDasana kharakAnI ( khudAnI rahumata temanA upara ho ) hatuM; phariratA

Page #271
musalamAnonA humalA [ 259 duA mAMgI; tyArapachI ghoDA upara savAra thaI potAnI phojamAM AvI gayo. teNe hiMmata ApavI zarU karI. bahudhA teNe phojane samajAvI haze ke gajhanA ahI thI bahu dUra . gujarAtanI eka tarapha samudra ane bIjI tarapha raNa che. duzmanonI pheja sAme UbhelI che. je hAra thaI to tame kyAM jaze ane tamane kayAM Azraya maLe ema che ? tethI laDIne jAna ApavA kaI paNa rIte bahetara che. TUMkamAM mahamUdanI daDhatA tathA teNe ApelI dhIrajathI lAgalagATa humalAe laDAIne raMga palaTAvyo. gajhanavI ja ATalA divasa mahamUda sAthe laDI hatI te Ave samaye tene choDI kyAM jaI zake? temaNe evo te jussA baMdha humalo karyo ke bhImadevanI phoja teno sAmane karI zakI nahi ane pAMca hajhAra maraNane zaraNa thayelAne choDI eo bhAgI gayA. gajhanavI phojene saMpUrNa phateha maLI. bImadeva ane rAjA devazIlanI pUTha pakaDavI ThIka na lAgI. e lekI nAsI chUTI pitApitAnA pAyatakhtamAM AvyA. sulatAna phatehamaMda thaI pharIthI somanAthanA gherAnI phojane AvI maLyo. A bAju kilAvALAonI AzA paNa jatI rahI hatI. bahAdura rajapUtone laDI maryA sivAya bIje raste najare na paDe. talavAra kheMcI kheMcIne kUdI paDayA. ane nirAzAjanaka sthitimAM laDAI zarU karavAmAM AvI. mahamUdanI phojanAM dila dekhItI jItathI phUlI gayAM hatAM. teNe ati bahAdurIthI humalo karyo ane nisaraNI mUkI mUkIne keTa upara caDavA lAgI. rajapUtone bhAgI gayA sivAya chUTako na hato, kAraNa ke teo gajhanavI phojathI bhayabhIta thaI gayA hatA. 4000 AdamI somanAthathI nIkaLI jahAjhamAM besI gayA ane temaNe nAsI chUTavAne IrAdo karyo, paraMtu khabara paDatAM sulatAne turata ja eka vahANamAM phojanA eka hissAne tenI pUMTha pakaDavA ravAnA karyo. temAMnA keTalAka mAryA gayA ane ghaNakharA DUbI gayA. bAkInAne keda karI lAvavAmAM AvyA. have killAmAM phakta musalamAna ja najare paDatA hatA ane kabajA ane nirAza najare na pace bahAra jatA

Page #272
260] gujarAtanA itihAsa nA ja zAra thaI rahyo hatA. TUMkamAM mahamUda gajhanavIe killAne DahApaNabharelI rIte baMdebarata karyo. tyArapachI te sAmanAtha ma'dira tarapha vadhyA. maMdiranI judI judI imAratA dekhatA bhALatA ane khudAnA AbhAra mAnA maMdiranA je bhAgamAM seAmanAthanI mUrti hatI temAM gaye.. teNe tenI ajaba ane herata pamADe evI zikala ane surata joI eka gadA mUrtinA nAka upara mArI jethI nAka UDI gayuM. tyAra pachI teNe tene toDI nAkhavAnA hukama karyA. bIcArA pUjArI A joI gabharAi gayA ane ati AjIjIpUrvaka vina Mti karI ke A mUrtine rahevA de te eka meTI rakama zAhI khajAnA mATe ApIzuM. vajIrAtre paNa sulatAnane e araja majUra karavAnI valaNu batAvI, paraMtu mulatAne vicAra karIne kahyu ke huM mUrti vecanAra banavAne badale mUrti bhAMganA banavAnuM vadhu pasaMda karuM chuM.' Ama kahI mUrtine eka gadA mArI teADI nAkhI. te tUTatAM temAMthI kImatI paththara nIkaLyA. AvAM amUlya ratne ane jhaverAtanI kImata pUjArIoe je najarANu peza karyuM tenA karatAM keTalAe gaNI vadhAre hatI. sulatAne sAmanAthanI mUrtinA cAra TukaDA karyAM. eka makkA ane eka madInA mokalyA ane be kukaDA jAme masjida gajhanAmAM ane darabAreAmamAMsIDI pAse rAkhyA. A samaye 300 musalamAnAnA jAnanI khuvArI thai. jAmeut r 1. kaztiAe lakhyuM che ke mUrtinA bhArobhAra vajana sAnu ApavAnI icchA karI hatI. ane khIjI tArIkheAmAM e mATe " puSkaLa setu" zabdo vAparco che, paraMtu mahamadAha ma`gareAlInA kissAmAM "42 lAkha" lakhyuM che. 2. mArA peAtAnA khyAla evA che ke TukaDA makkA ane madInA "mAkalavAnuM kAraNa phakta tenA harIpha IsmAilI saltanatanI sattA echI karavI ane peAtAnu maLa ane phatehAMnI jAherAtathI abbAsI khalIphAnAM sattA ane prabhAvamAM vRddhi karavAnuM hatuM, jethI karIne harIne khabara paDe ke hiMda, noMdha ane gujarAtanA vijetA bhagadAdanA khalIphAnI himAyata nIce che.

Page #273
musalamAnonA humalA [ 261 tavArIkhanA AdhAre tArIkhe pharistAmAM ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che ke somanAthanI AjubAjumAM eka bIjuM maMdira hatuM, jyAM adhara mUrti hatI. te joI sulatAna heratamaMda thaI gayo; paraMtu te jamAnAnA vidvAnane pUchaparacha karatAM mAluma paDyuM ke AsapAsanI dIvAlo lohacuMbakanI che ane e mUrti loDhAnI che, tethI kudaratI kheMcANane. laine jamIna ane chatanI vacce laTakI rahI che. sulatAne eka dIvAla toDI pADavAno hukama karyo. tene amala karatAM veMta mUrti UMdhI vaLI gaI. mahamUda gajhanavI somanAthanA mAmalAne pheMsale karI tathA lUMTane mAla laI bhImadevane mukAbale karavAne tyAMthI UpaDayo. bhImadeva to mahAna jaMgI taiyArImAM mazagUla thayela hato. sulatAnanA A AgamananI khabara paDatAM veMta gabharAIne tyAMthI te nATho ane kaMthakoTa (kacchanA) killAmAM jaI Azraya lIdho. mahamUde paNa te 1. DokaTara lIbAne tenA pustaka (hiMdanI saMskRti)mAM lUMTanA kula mAlane aMdAja 15 karoDa jeTalo Ape che. 2. itihAsakArone Azcarya thAya che ke e jagyA kyAM che. pharitAe "naMdahA" lakhyuM che ane semanAthathI tenuM aMtara 40 kosa ApyuM che. mirAte ahamadImAM nAma ApyuM nathI, paraMtu aMtara 45 kesa lakhyuM che. ghaNA kharA loko e sthaLa "gaMdhAra" mAne che je bharUca pAse hatuM. karnala brIsa "gaNadevI"ne patto Ape che, je suratathI 25 mAIla upara che. DokaTara khUlara kacchamAM AvelA kaMthakoTane havAle Ape che. gAMdhadI je saurASTranA kinArA upara AveluM che te tarapha paNa keTalAke izAre karyo che. eliphansTane lakhyuM che ke asala "gandAbA" che. paraMtu te kayAM AveluM che te lakhavAmAM AvyuM nathI. mAre potAno abhiprAya evo che ke kacchamAM AveluM kaMthakoTa ja kharI jagyA che ane e ja gujarAtamAM vadhu pramANamAM mazahUra che. jema tabakAte akabarI pR. 221 mAM che ke "pANImAMthI pasAra thaI kaccha taraphathI kaMta ( kaMtha ) bAjUe ga." A uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke kaMta (kaMthakeTa) jagyA raNa vaTAvI kaccha tarapha che je majabUta ane muzkelI bharyuM sthaLa che. pharUkhI zAre ethI paNa vadhAre taphasIlathI ane sApha rIte lakhyuM che.

Page #274
262 | gujarAtane ItihAsa tarapha je prayANa karyuM ane pUMTha pakaDI tenA zira upara AvI Ubhe rahyo. paraMtu tenI cAre tarapha pANI dekhI aTakI gayo ane DUbakI mAranArAo pAsethI chIcharA pANI vALI jagyA jANI lIdhI. DUbakI mAranArAoe kahyuM ke je samudramAM bharatI zarU thAya te alabatta mahAna bhaya che. sulatAne bisimallAha karI (khudAnuM nAma laI) ghoDA upara samudramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. tyArapachI phoje paNa temaja karyuM. thoDA ja samayamAM TApu mahamUdanI phena thI gherAI gayo. lazkara samazeranA jerathI killAmAM pahoMcyuM ane killAnI hareka cIja vijetAnA AsarA upara AdhAra rAkhatI jaNAI. paraMtu mahamUda gajhanavInA hAthamAM makasadanuM matI hAtha AvyuM nahi; arthAta gujarAtano samrATa bhImadeva jahAjhamAM besI pahelethI ja nAsI chUTayo hato. sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI pitAnI pheja sAthe tyAMthI pAcho pharyo. IslAmI tArIkhomAMthI jANavAmAM nathI AvatuM ke solaMkI khAnadAnano rAjA bhImadeva tyAMthI nAsI kayAM gayo. phari. tAnA eka vAkya uparathI e anumAna thaI zake che ke te Abu ane ajamera tarapha cAlyo gaye jyAM te phojI taiyArImAM mazagUla rahyo. sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI te beTamAMthI pAcho AvI sIdho "naharavAlA" gayo ane keTaloka vakhata tyAM rahyo. eka divasa zikAra karavA gayo tyAre joyuM ke eka kUtarAe sasalA upara humalo karyo tyAre teNe paNa sAme humalo karyo. sulatAna ati heratamaMda thaI bolyo ke A AbohavAnI asara che. ane varasAdanI mosama 1. jharUlavAlA bhA. 1, pR. 4 laMDana. AvI suMdara vAto vize zekha sAdIe nIce pramANene pheMsalo Ape che: "bilADI kutarAthI bhAge che paraMtu jyAre tenA jana upara AvI paDe che tyAre te 5Nu humalo kare che. A ja paristhiti sasalA vizenI che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa hareka kamara mANasa vizenI che. ene ane suMdara havAne kaMI paNa saMbaMdha nathI. paraMtu ene saMbaMdha kudarata upara AdhAra rAkhe che."

Page #275
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 263 tyAM ja pasAra karI. varSARtu hiMdustAnamAM uttama che. te samayanI lileAtarI, tAjhagI, raMgaberagI leA, ane phaLeA judIjudI jAtanA mevAne laI te e muka evA ramaNIya bane che ke svaga sAthe enI sarakhAmaNI karavI geravAjaJI nathI. naharavAlA (pATaNa) sarasvatIne nadIne kinAre Akhu pa`tathI nIcenA bhAgamAM Avelu che te cAmAsAnI meAsamamAM lIluMchama hAvAthI tyAMnI jagyA bahu ja suMdara hatI. mahamUdda gajhanavIne e jagyA ati pasada paDI ane saltanatanA e hissA karavAne teNe IrAdA karyo, jethI eka bAjUnuM pAyatakhta gajhanA thAya jyAM yuvarAja masada gajhanavI hakUmata kare ane bIjA bhAganuM pAyatakhta pATaNa (naharavAlA) rAkhI pote tyAM rahI hiMdane baMdobasta kare ane peAtAnI teDAnA dAyare vadhAratA rahe. tene khyAla tA laMkA ane pegu ( brahmadeza ) paryaMta peAtAnI saltanata vistRta karavAnA tathA jahAjone kADhyA hameza mATe taiyAra rAkhavAne hatA, jethI karIne phateheAmAM tene phAyadA uDAvI zakAya.1 paraMtu gajhanAnA meATA meTA rAjyastaMbhA ekamata na thayA, ane kahyuM ke khurAsAnanI ekeeka TekarI keTakeTalI musIbatA veDIne duzmanAne kADhI mUkI sApha karI che ane kevA kevA vaphAdAra saradAre mAryA gayA che tethI gajhanA choDI 'naharavAlA' ne pAyatakhta banAvavuM e rAjanItinI viruddha che. je 'naharavAlA''ne eka svataMtra rIte pAyatakhta banAvavAmAM AvyuM hota teA navA UbhA thayelA tAre| ane salajhukI gajhanA 1. AthI paNa mArA khyAlane anumeAdana maLe che ke mahumUdanI matalaba e hatI ke dariyAI tAkAta hAMsila karI lakA ane pegu paryaMta kaba karavAmAM Ave ane bIjI banyU InanI akhAta (kumAna, khasarA, ane bagadAda ), ane arabI samu N (camana, juTThA-makkAnuM mazahUra khadara je "jaddA' kahevAya che vagere) upara peAtAnI sattAne amala thAya, jethI karIne peAtAnI harIpha ismAilI saltanatane prabhAva teDIne abbAsI khalIphAnA paDadA pAchaLa peAtAnA baLamAM vRddhi kare, ane A rIte harIphane rAjakIya bAbatamAM bAve.

Page #276
264] gujarAtano ItihAsa upara doDI Ave e paNa saMbhavita hatuM. TUMkamAM sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavIe rAjyanA umarAvone namAlA jaI A DahApaNa bharela irAdo paDate mUko ane gajhanA pAchA javA vizenI masalata karavA mAMDI. paraMtu A jitAyelA pradeza (gujarAta)ne baMdobasta kevI rIte karavo e vizenI muzkelI hatI. maMtraNA karyA bAda e nakkI karavAmAM AvyuM ke e ja mulkanA koI lAyaka zakhsane hakUmata suprata karavAmAM Ave, ane te vArSika khaMDaNI bharate rahe. lekae devazIla rAjAnuM nAma AgaLa karyuM, ane kahyuM ke je temane bolAvavAmAM Ave to khuzIthI hAjara thAya ane te hAlamAM mukanA eka hissAne rAjyakata paNa che." pAdazAha e vAtane saMmata na thayo tyAre bIjo zakhsa devazIla nAmano eka maMdiramAM raheto hato tenuM nAma piza karavAmAM AvyuM. te rAjakuTuMbane hate. sulatAna mahamUde tene pasaMda karyo ane tene belAvI gujarAtano tAja arpaNa karavAmAM Avyo. gujarAtanA rAjAe kahyuM ke mArA nAmano anya devazIla mAre duzmana che; [ na hoya to tene rAjA na banAvavAmAM Avyo tethI thaze. tethI ApanA gayA pachI te mArI pAsethI pharIthI rAjya chInavI leze. ane atyAre mArI saltanata evI majabUta nathI ke teno sAmano karI phateha hAMsila thAya. vaLI mahamUdane paNa e vAta yAda hatI ke somanAthanI laDAImAM pote bhImadeva sAthe laDavA mATe Avyo hato; bhImadevane harAvI tene gujarAtanI bahAra kADhI mUkyo hato. have devazIla vAro hate. TUMkamAM mahamUde eka phoja ravAnA 1. IslAmI tArIkhamAM dAbazalIma nAma lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. paraMtu kharekharI rIte te e zabda devazIla che. ane dakSiNI bhASAnA niyama pramANe Akharane mu "kAraka" vibhakti mATe umerAya che tethI e zabda devazItama" thaye. ane arabI bhASAmAM te dAbazalIma thayuM. e nAma nathI paraMtu khitAba che. teno artha "jJAnI rajA" thAya che, arabI ktiAbAmAM rAjA dAbazalIma sAthe bAMdapA hakImanuM nAma paNa Ave che. e rASpha asala "vedapALa" brAhmaNamAthI che.

Page #277
musalamAnene saMbaMdha [ 265 karI tenI sAthe laDAI karI ane kAmayAbI hAMsila karI. rAjA deva zIlane giraphtAra karI sulatAna mahamUdanI AgaLa lAvavAmAM Avyo. gujarAtanA rAjAe araja karI kahyuM ke A mulakamAM zAhI khAnadAnanI khUnarejI karavAno rivAja nathI, paraMtu rAjagAdI nIce eka bhayarAmAM evAne pUrI devAmAM Ave che, jyAM potAnA mate te marI jAya che. hAlamAM to koI bhoMyaruM nathI tethI Apa ene sAthe gajhanA laI jAo. huM bhoMyaruM taiyAra karAvI rahIza tyAre Apa tene ahIM mokalI Apaje. tethI mahamUda tene gajhanA pitAnI sAthe laI gayo, bhoMyaruM taiyAra thayuM tyAre elacI gayo ane devazIlane sAthe laI Avyo. "naharavAlA" najIka Avyo tyAre gujarAtane rAjA bAdazAhI ThATha tathA bhapakA sAthe bahAra Avyo. sakhta garamI paDatI hovAthI eka jhADa nIce lAla rUmAla meM upara nAkhI te sUI gayo. eka zikArI jAnavare tene eka gestane TukaDo samajI nahera mAryA tethI tenI AMkhane nukasAna pahoMcyuM. mulkane dastUra evo hatuM ke AMdhaLA zamsa rAjA thaI zake nahi. te mujaba pahelo devazIla je gajhanAthI kedI tarIke Avyo hato tene lekee rAjA tarIke nImyo ane devazIla saMnyAsI AMdhaLe thaI gayo hato tene keda karI rAjA devazIla mATe banAvelA bhoMyarAmAM ja pUryo. A kahANu sAmAnya rIte phArasI tArIkhe mAM che, ane bahudhA rejhatussA pahelI kitAba che jemAM e AdhAra ApyA vagara ja lakhavAmAM AvI che. tenA racanAre te eka risAlAmAM joI hatI. koI arabI tema ja gujarAtI ItihAsamAMthI e vAta vize kAI anumodana maLatuM nathI. game tema hoya paNa je 1. e kaMI ajaba vAta nathI. rajapunAnAmAM paNa e dastUra hate. hiMdanA mogala parazAho jyAre koI zAhI khAnadAnanA zakhsane ekadama mAravAnuM na icchatA tyAre teo tene koI majabUta killAmAM pUrI aphINanuM tatva pivaDAvatA jethI dhIme dhIme adhamUo thaI marI jAya.

Page #278
266 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa e kissAne svIkAra karavAmAM Ave te ene phakta nIce pramANe ja mUkI zakAya, ke devazIla kayAM to bhImadevane kA durlabhasena che athavA to teno bApa nAgarAja che. A khAnadAnanA A ja be zakhso che je rAja choDI vanavAsI thayA hatA. paraMtu bIjA devazIlanI sAthenA gharSaNane kisse Ane lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI tethI kamamAM kama eTaluM mAnavuM paDaze ke zAhI khAnadAnane keI bIje zAhajhAda paNa mulkanA koI eka hissAnI mAlikI dharAvato hato. jenI pAse muzka chInavI levAnI tAkata hatI. paraMtu hAlanA saMzodhana mujaba gujara kemanI eka zAkhA valabhInI hatI, te bhAvanagara pAse valabhIpura vasAvI tyAM rAja karatI hatI. teo traNa sadI paryata hakUmata karatA rahyA. e khAnadAnanA AkharI cha rAjAone zIlAditya kahevAmAM Ave che. e satanata phanA thatAM te khAnadAnanA zAhajhAdAoe mulkanA nAnA nAnA hissAne kabaje laI lIdho hato. teo gujarAtanA tAkatavara rAjAone khaMDaNI bharatA hatA. sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavInA samayamAM te khAnadAnane eka rAjA hati tenI hakUmatanI hada phakta prabhAsapATaNanA ilAkA paryata hatI, tene mahamude tAja arpaNa karyo haze. bahudhA zIlAditya devazalIma, dAbazalIma ane devazIla eka ja puruSane mATe jaNAya che. kahevAne bhAvArtha e che ke gujarAtano baMdobasta karyA pachI mahamude pAchA javAne IrAdo karyo, paraMtu jevuM ahIM AvavuM muzkela hatuM tevuM ja pAchA pharavuM paNa ati muzkela hatuM. sulatAna mahamuda gajhanavIe ati duradezI vAparI siMdhanA raste IkhtiyAra karyo. te kacchanuM raNa oLaMgI siMdha paDao. teNe rAhabarI mATe eka bhomiyA sAthe rAkhe hato teNe jANI joIne tene bhulAvAmAM nAkhe ane phejane evAM raNa ane medAnamAM vAI gayo ke tyAM gAu sudhI pANInuM nAma ke nizAna na hatuM. pANI vize pUchatAM bhomiyAe kahyuM 1 pharistA

Page #279
musalamAnone saMbaMdha [ 267 ke "ame somanAthanA pUjArI chIe, are ba yAcaka chIe, huM jANI joIne tamane evI jagyAe lAvyo chuM ke jyAM tame pANI vagara marI jaze." e sAMbhaLI tene katala karavAno hukama karyo, ane mahamUde pote bekAbU thaI khudAnI AgaLa sijadAmAM mAthuM namAvyuM. ane muktinI duA sApha dilathI mAgI. rAtri khatama thavAno samaya hato tethI pareDhiyAnI rozanIthI kharA rastAno patto lAgyo haze. pANInI talAza karavAno hukama ApavAmAM Avyo. tyAre dUrathI keTalAMka jaLacara pakSIo najare paDayAM, AthI pANI haze evI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI; ane e aTakaLa sAcI paDI. teo eka jharA pAse pahoMcyA ane tamAma pheje pANI pI tarasa maTADI khudAno AbhAra mAnyo. eka bIjI evI vAta che ke mahamUda somanAthathI kacchanA raNamAM pahoMce tyAre tene bhUmi hiMdu hato te tene dUra paryata raNamAM laI gayo. jayAre koI vastunuM nAma nizAna na maLyuM tyAre tene pUchI joyuM. teNe kahyuM ke "amane rAjAe puSkaLa InAma ane bakSisa ApI phakta ATalA ja mATe ravAnA karyA che ke jethI tamane A raNamAM lAvavAmAM Ave, te pramANe meM e pharaja adA karI. have tamArAmAMthI eke AdamI jIvato ane salAmata jaI zake nahi, ane mArA vize to je tamo cAhe te karavAno tamane InDayAra che. te ja samaye keTalAMka bataka UtAM najare paDyAM. tAzkaranA mANasoe tenI pachavADe ghoDA mArI mUkyA ane cAlatAM cAlatAM Akhare pANInA eka kinArA upara pahoMcyA. tyAMthI eka gAma, najare paDayuM, tyAM eka AdamI maLyo tene rasto pUchayo. teNe kahyuM ke huM te jANato nathI, paraMtu A gAmamAM eka buddo rahe che, te kahI zake che. tethI ghoDA upara savAra karIne tene vRddha pAse laI gayA. teNe kahyuM ke, eka vakhate eka mANasane meM A pANI oLaMgIne jato jAyo hato te sivAya pharIthI meM keIne joyo nathI, tethI mArAmAM tAkta heta

Page #280
268 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa ane tyAMsudhI pahoMcI zakatA hAta te tamane batAvI deta. mahamUde tene gheADA upara savAra karI AgaLa cAlavAnA hukama karyAM. te pachI tenI rAhabarIthI te te mukAma upara pahoMcyA. paraMtu kAI ThekANe ghATa najare na paDayA. keTalAka AdamIe pAsethI pANI vize pUchaparacha karAvI, paraMtu kAipaNa ThekANe UtarI zakAya evuM mAlUma na paDayuM. Akhare te ja jagAe pAdazAha khudAne bhareAMme peAtAnA gheADAne jhaMpalAvI bahAra nIkaLI AvyA. tenuM lazkara paNa tenI pAchaLa bhayabhIta thayA vagara pAra UtarI gayuM.1 paraMtu khacIta ja che ke eka rAta ane divasamAM pANI nahi maLavAthI phAjanI hAlata kharAba thai gai haze. keTalAe AdamIe bIjI duniyAnA raste pakaDayA haze ane keTalAke ghaNI Aphata veDI mukti meLavI haze. TUMkamAM ghaNI musIbateA uDAvIne e leAkeA siMdha thaI mulatAna pahoMcyA ane tyAMthI I. sa. 1027 (hi. sa. 417 ) mAM gajhanA pahoMcyA ane kImatI bakSise sAthe sulatAne phatehanA samAcAra khalIphA alakAdira khilAha abbAsIne bagadAdamAM pahoMcADayA. e khuzIne prasaMge khalIphAe eTale mahAna jalasA karyo ke jANe teNe pote ja e phateha hAMsila karI hoya.2 e samaya pahelAM enI zAhajhAdagI daramiyAna tene sAmAnI bAdazAhu saiphuddaulAnA khitAba Apyo hato. have gajhanAnA takhta upara beTho tyAre tene khalIphAe "amInula millata, yamInuddaulA''nA khitAba ApyA. gujarAtanI phateha bAda khalIphAe ''kahe kuda daulate valaIslAma"nA khitAbaOM khurAsAna,hiMdustAna, 1. jAme unnahikAyAta ApI, pu. 129 dRArUla musanniSIta hastalikhita, 2. riztA. bhA.1, navali-zera 3. khaliphAnA e bakSise| ane khitAbethI mArA e abhiprAyane anumeAdana maLe che ke emanI mAraphata pUrvamAM sattA kAyama karavAnA irAdA hatA; vaLI harIpha ismAlIe upara peAtAnI zreSThatA nahera karavAnA paNa khyAla hatA.

Page #281
musalamAnonA humalA nImojha sistAna) ane khArajhama (je hAlamAM khAvA nAme oLakhAya che)nA amIrapadanI sanada sAthe arpaNa karyo. mahamUda pahele ja rAjyakartA hatA ke jenA nAmanI sAthe "sulatAna " zabdano upayega karavAmAM Avyo hato. tenI pahelAM badhA amIra kahevAtA hatA. rAjA bhImadeva ane ajamera vagere jagyAnA rAjAe eka sAthe daDha ane zAMtithI mahamUdanA pAchA pharavAnI rAha jotA hatA, jethI karIne eka vakhata pharIthI kismata ajamAvI jue, paraMtu mahamUdane e ThIka lAgyuM nahi. mahamUdanI ja Ama paNa thoDI ja rahI gaI hatI, ne vaLI hArI jAya to lUMTano mAla hAthathI jatA rahe e paNa tene Dara hato. A loke emane ema rAha jotA ja rahyA ane mahamUda to siMdha pahoMcI gayo. bhImadevane A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre eka pheja taiyAra karI, aNahIlavADa pAse te pahoMcyA ane devazIla pAsethI rAjya pAchuM laI lIdhuM. bhImadeva gujarAtane kabaje pAcho hAMsila karI tamAma baMdobastamAM mazagUla thayo. tyAre somanAthanI paNa marAmata karAvI ane asala jagyA upara paththaranI mUrtinI padharAmaNI karI. bahudhA A banAva I. sa. 1028 (hi. sa. 418)no che. siddharAjanI mA mInaladevI eka vakhata somanAtha tIrtha karavA jatI hatI tyAre lokone pAchAM AvatAM joI tema karavAnuM kAraNa pUchyuM, tyAre jAtrALuoe verAnuM kAraNa batAvyuM, tyAre tenI siphArizathI 72 lAkhano vere mApha karavAmAM Avyo. tyAra pachI te paNa somanAthanI jAtrA mATe gaI ane kharekhara lAkhe rUpiyA najarANuM rUpe madiramAM mUkyA haze. - 1. tamAma ItihAsakAre A pramANe khyAna kare che paraMtu siyala mutaakharInanA racanAre keI AdhAre lakhyuM che ke pAchA pharatAM rAjA vrajadeve laDI jhaghaDIne tamAma lUMTano mAla pAcho meLavyo ane pheja kharAba sthitimAM gajhanA pahoMcI. tArIkhe soraTha no racanAra dIvAna raNachoDajI paNa AdhAra sahita e ja pramANe lakhe che. tamAma islAmI itihAsakAroe tenI viruddha lakhyuM che,

Page #282
270 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa tyAra pachI siddharAja ( avasAna hi. sa. 538--J. sa. 1143) paNa zAnAzaukata sAthe gaye! ane kImatI bakSisA maMdiramAM najarANA rUpe arpaNa karI. siddharAjanA vArasa kumArapALe avasAna hi. sa. 570--. sa. 1174) jaina dharmanA svIkAra karyAM hate! teNe paNa peAtAnI takhtanazInI khabAda seAmanAthanI kArI khidamata karI hatI, teNe maMdiranI jagyAnI marAmata karAvI ane tyArapachI tenI unnati karavAmAM sArA hissA lIdhe. e prakhyAta rAjAonI mahattvAkAMkSAne natIjo e AvyA ke mahamUdanI caDAInI asara bilakula bhUMsAI gaI ane seAmanAtha pharIthI potAnI sAcI zAnAzaukata sAthe "sAmanAtha '' banI gayuMH jemake bhadrakAlI mAtAne zilAlekha (hi. sa. 565-I. sa. 1169vi. saM. 122)ne nIkaLyo che temAM A zaheranI je tArIpha karavAmAM AvI che te uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te vakhate e zahera "keTaluM zAnadAra thaI gayuM hatuM ane leAnA dilamAM te mATe keTalo mahattA hatI. majakUra lakhANa nIce mujaba cheH-- tr A zahera AlamanA caherA ane duniyAnuM AbhUSaNa che. te mAla ane dolatane khattA ane mahAdevanI khAsa mahecnAnInu kendra che. ta pa ta asAvala amadAvAda vasyA pachI enI sAthe beDAyuM te eka kendrita ane vepAranI jagyA hatI. tyAM musalamAnonI meTI vastI hatI." eka masjida uparanA zilAlekhamAM che ke A masjIida nahi. sa. 445nA rIDla amalanI 14 mI tArIkhanI banAvelI che. hAlamAM jamAlapuramAM " kAca "nI masjidamAM A zilAlekha che; paraMtu vidvAna e tarapha zaMkAthI jue che, kAraNu A lekha purANA che ''nA akSarA navA che. H mestAnamAM hajharata sAdI zIrAjhIe je vAta lakhI che te uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke te somanAtha paNa AvyA hatA. paraMtu te vize kAI cokkasa tArIkha jANavAnI maLI nathI. zekha sAdInA'

Page #283
musalamAnonA humalA [271 avasAnanI sAla I. sa. 1291 - hi. sa. 691 mAnavAmAM Ave che. je temanI upara 120 varSanI kabula karavAmAM Ave (je mArA abhiprAya mujaba kaMI khoTuM nathI ane geravAjabI paNa nathI, kAraNake duniyAmAM e umaranA ghaNuM mANaso thayA che.) eTale temanA janmanI sAla vi. sa, pa71 - I. sa. 1175 haze. te samaye ajayapALa solaMkI rAjya karato hato. majakUra zekha sAda jhabbInI hakUmatanA jamAnAmAM potAnA vatanathI nIkaLyA hatA ane abubakranI hakUmatanA zarUAtanA samayamAM pitAne vatana gayA na hatA. temanI sapharano samaya paNa e ja hato. sAda jhagInuM avasAna I. sa. 1226 (hi. sa. 623)mAM thaI hatI, e samaya I. sa 1179 (hi. sa. 55) thI I. sa. 1242 (hi. sa. 649) parvatano bhImadeva bIjA solaMkIne hato. teno samaya ati phitUra daMgAno rahyo. prathama te cauhANee gujarAta upara humalo karI mulakamAM azAMti pedA karI hatI. te pachI dilhInA kubudIna eya bake be vakhata gujarAta upara caDAi karI teno kabaje lIdho te pachI tAbAnA hAkemoe baLavo karI mulkanA judA judA bhAga upara kabajo karyo. teomAM sauthI vadhAre baLavAna khAnadAna bahudhA vAghelAnuM hatuM. TUMkamAM e jamAno aMdhAdhuMdhI ane nAnAM nAnAM vaheMcAyelAM rAjyone hato. e samaye sAdInuM somanAthamAM Agamana thayuM hatuM. jemake e vAta te khuda nIce pramANe lakhe che - huM manAtha pahoMcyo ane hajAro AdamIone joyA. eka mUrtinI pUjA mATe dUra dUrathI loko Ave che ane tenI pAsethI potAnI icchA pUrI karAvavAnI vinaMti kare che, mane Azcarya thayuM ke eka sajIva nirjIva vastunI zA mATe pUjA kare che ane AzAnI paripUrNatA mAge che. A vAtanI pUchaparacha mATe meM eka brAhmaNanI sAthe oLakhANa karI pUchyuM: "A leke A nirjIva mUti upara 1. khustAne sArI, prakaraNuM 8

Page #284
272 ] gujarAtane itihAsa zA mATe ATalAM badhAM phidA che?' ane tenI hAjarImAM meM e mUrtinI ghaNI niMdA karI. brAhmaNe maMdiranA pUjArIone A vAtanI khabara ApI saue AvI mane gherI lIdho. meM sulehazAMtithI temane kahyuM ke "me kaMI paNa vAta anAsthAthI nathI karI. huM pote e mRti upara phidA chuM paraMtu huM ajANyo chuM ane chAnI vAtathI vAkepha nathI tethI tenA vizenI hakIkta jANavA karavA mAguM chuM, jethI karIne samajI bUjIne enI pUjA karuM.' temane e vAta pasaMda, paDI ane kahyuM ke "AjanI rAta tuM maMdiramAM rahe, tane kharI vastusthiti mAluma paDaze." huM tamAma rAta tyAM ja rahyo. paroDhiye tyAMnAM rahetAM puruSo ane strIo jamA thayAM. e mUrtie potAnA hAtha UMcA karyA, jemake kAI duA mAMgatuM hoya. e jotAM veMta saue jayajayakArane pikAra karyo. jyAre badhA cAlyA gayA tyAre brAhmaNe hasatAM hasatAM mane kahyuM: 'kema, have te koI jAtanI zaMkA rahI nathI ne ?' meM bahArathI rovAno DoLa karyo ane mArA savAla mATe meM zaramiMdagI jAhera karI. sarva brAhmaNoe mArA tarapha dayA darzAvI. ane mAre hAtha pakaDIne te mUrtinI sAme laI gayA. meM matinA hAtha upara cuMbana karyuM ane jAheramAM thoDAka divasa mATe huM brAhmaNa banyo. keTalAka divasa pachI mArAmAM vizvAsa vadhe. eka rAtre sarva jatA rahyA tyAre meM maMdirano daravAjo baMdha karyo ane mUrtinA takhta najIka jaI nirIkSaNa karyuM tyAM eka paDado mArI najare paDaze. tenI pAchaLa eka pUjArI chupAIne beTho hato tenA hAthamAM eka rasI hatI. ema mAluma paDyuM ke te e rasIne kheMce che tyAre satvara e mUrtinA hAtha UMcA thAya che. ene ja Ama janatA camatkAra samaje che. e pUjArIe jyAre joyuM ke chAnI vAta ughADI thaI gaI tyAre te zaramAIne tyAMthI nAsI chUTa. huM paNa tenI pachavADe dekhyo ane tene pakaDI marAvI nAkhe e DarathI ene pakaDI eka kUvAmAM nAkhe; te pachI huM tyAMthI ekadama bhAgI nIkaLyo.

Page #285
musalamAnonA humalA [ 277 ane hiMdamAM thaI yamanane raste hijAjhara paho." mAnanIya ustAda allAmA ziblIe e banAva upara TIkA karI varNanamAMnI bhUla sAbita karavAnI koziza karI che. teo lakhe che ke banAnA varNanamAM sAmAnya rIte nIcenI bhUlo che? 1. mUrtine hAthIdAMtanI banAvelI kahI che. hAthIdAMtane hiMduo evo pavitra gaNatA nathI tethI tenI mUrti banAvI zake nahi. 2. brAhmaNa vize lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke teo pAjhinda paDhatA hatA. kharI vAta e che ke pAjhinda hinduonI kitAba nathI. balka pArasIonI che. 3. brAhmaNone keTalIka jagyAe gAba (Ataza pUjanArA) ane keTalIka jagyAe mannAna kahevAmAM AvyA che. mannAna khristI pAdarIone kahevAmAM Ave che. 4. matrAnane pharIthI Ajhara(Ataza) parasta kahyA che te paNa 5. zekha game teTalI mUrtinI pUjA kare, paraMtu e te arsabhavita ja hatuM ke eka AvA mahAna maMdiramAM tene tamAma brAhmaNa ane pUjArI ekale cheDI bahAra cAlyA jAya, jethI tene e mokro maLI jAya ke jema cAhe tema kare." majakUra allAmAM vaLI AgaLa cAlI bhUlanuM kAraNa paNuM Ape che-- e tAjAja AvelA musAphara hatA. khudA jANe kaI vastune kaMI 1. sAmAnya rIte araba musAphare siMdha sivAyanA bAkI tamAma sUbAne hiMda" kahe che, tethI bahudhA "hiMda" eTale khaMbhAta ke kaI bIjI baMdara haze, nahito hiMda (dilahI)mAM sAdInuM Agamana koI paNa rIte sAbita thatuM nathI. 2. hayAte sADI 5. 32 18

Page #286
274] gujarAtano itihAsa samajyA ane koI banAva vize kaMI lakhI lIdhuM. ghaNAe aMgreja musApharo vizenI paNa e ja hAlata che ke teo hiMdustAnamAM traNa cAra divasa rahI sapharanAmAM lakhe che te vAMcI hiMdustAnanA leTAne vicAra karavo paDe che ke e kayA mulkanI kahANI haze.' allAmA zillInuM khyAna amuka aMze bilakula satya che, paraMtu khAsa karIne e banAvamAM saMzodhanathI sudhAro karavAnI gUMjAIza rahe che : 1. prathama to hiMduo hAthIdAMtane harAma samaje che e vAta kharI vasturithatinI viruddha che; tamAma hADakAMmAM hAthIdAMtane ja pAka hovAne darajajo maLe che. tenI mUrti banAvavAmAM Ave che, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu barakata mATe (nAnAM nAnAM) maMdiro taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che. gujarAtanA keTalAe rAjAo zikAra mATe nIkaLatA tyAre hAthIdAMtanI mUtio ane nAnAM maMdire sAthe rAkhatA hatA. ane te uparAMta e paNa che ke e mulka (gujarAta ane saurASTra)mAM strIo mATe lagna prasaMge hAthIdAMtanI cUDI paheravI jarUrI che. hAlamAM paNa kAzInA eka maMdiramAM hAthIdAMtanI mUrti che. 2.3.4. bAkInI traNa bAbato mATe eka ja javAba che. arthAta e vAta satya che ke geramulkI hevAthI vastuonAM cokkasa nAma samajavAmAM gerasamaja thaI hoya ane pitAnA mulkanA lekene samajAvavA mATe IrAnanA zabdo loke AsAnIthI samajI zake temane ja upayoga karyo. AvA dAkhalA paradezamAM javAthI Aja paNa najare paDe che. eka hiMdI musalamAna cIna ke barmA jAya che te vagara vicArye zarUAtamAM temanAM prArthanAnAM sthaLane maMdira ane pUjArIne brAhmaNa kahI de che ane jyAre te sAthe kadI vAtamAM Utare che tyAre temane jadI samajAvavAnA khyAlathI temanAM khAsa nAmo hevA chatAM e ja maMdira ane brAhmaNanA zabdono upayoga kare che. 1. zerUla ajama, bhA 2, pR. 45

Page #287
musalamAnonA humalA [ 275 mArI dhAraNA mujaba sAdIe ema ja karyuM che. ane e vAta te sApha sApha jAhera che ke jema pArasI Ataza saLagAvI jhinda yA avistA paDhe che te ja pramANe hiMduo devatA saLagAvI havana kare che ane ka bhaNe che. hajharata sAdIe e ja pramANe joyuM ane pArasIomAM vaparAtA zabdothI pitAnA muzkanA lokAne samajAvyuM. 5. mAM je vAta kahevAmAM AvI che te galatInuM kAraNa e che ke e zAno zaukatadAra maMdiravALuM vAkya bahudhA somanAthanA saMbaMdhamAM ja lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. ane e somanAtha mArI dhAraNa pramANe te ja somanAtha che jeno ullekha Ama phArasI tArIkhomAM che. paraMtu e vAta yAda rAkhavA lAyaka che ke temanAthano ullekha sAmAnya phArasI itihAsamAM Ave che teno artha ghaNuM karIne mahamUda gajhanavIe caDAI kareluM somanAtha ja che. nahi to somanAtha zahera jene sAmAnya rIte "somanAtha pATaNa" kahevAmAM Ave che temAM ghaNuM maMdire hatAM, tethI e paNa ati saMbhavita che ke somanAtha zaheramAMnA koI bIjA maMdira vize sAdIe lakhyuM haze ane gajhalamAM khyAna kareluM hovAthI vadhAre taphasIlathI na lakhyuM hoya. bagadAdanI nijhAmiyA madresA joI bIjA delatamaMda zaheromAM paNa nijhAmiyA nAmathI masA sthApavAmAM AvI hatI, jemake nizApura vagerenI hakIkatamAM jaNAvavA mAM AvyuM che. e ja pramANe gujarAta ane saurASTranAM bIjAM zaheramAM paNa somanAthanAM nAmanAM maMdire banAvavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. bIrUnInA kahevA pramANe dakSiNa hiMdamAM hareka gharamAM mahAdevajI mATe eka jagyA mukarara karavAmAM AvatI hatI. ane Aje paNa amadAvAdamAM somanAthanuM maMdira mojUda che. e banavA joga che ke sAdIe emAMthI ja ekAdane ullekha karyo hoya, ane paradezI hevAthI nAma barAbara yAda rAkhI 1 hayAte sArI 2. kitAbula hiMda, alabIrUnI, pR. 252, chapAyela yuro5.

Page #288
272 ) gujarAtano ItihAsa zakyA nahi hoya. paraMtu hakIkata e che ke je maMdira vize sA'dIe lakhyuM che te mahamUda gajhanavIe DeluM zAnadAra maMdira na hatuM paraMtu somanAtha zaheranA keTanI bahAra eka maMdira hatuM, je hAlamAM UMcI jagyAe AveluM che. Aja paryata (1949 sudhI) musalamAnomAM zekhanuM maMdira mazahUra che. keTalAka samayathI sUraja devatAnA nAmathI e maMdirane prakhyAta karI AbAda karavAnI kAzaza karavAmAM AvI che, chatAM paNa Aja paryata te verAna che. enI AsapAsa ane AgaLa jovAthI mAlUma paDe che ke tenI AbAdInA samaye paNa e kaMI zAnadAra maMdira na haze, paraMtu eka madhyama prakAranuM haze jemAM AvI jAtane banAva bane kalpanAnI bahAranI vAta nathI. bhImadevanI hAranAM kAraNe bahArathI te Azcarya lAge che ke bhImadeva je baLavAna rAjA jeNe siMdhanA rAjAne giraphatAra karyo hato jeNe pitAnI phoja tAkAtathI ujajanane pAyamAla karyuM hatuM, ane jene sipAhasolAra paNa eka mazahUra yoddho hate teNe kevI rIte hAra khAdhI. te upara vicAra karavAthI nIcenAM kAraNo jaNAya che: (1) mahamUda ajamera pahoMcyo ane bhImadevane tenI khabara thaI tyAre tene bilakula khyAla paNa na hato ke A balA ekAeka mArA mAthA upara Avaze. te ema dhArato hato ke mahamUda ajamera jItI lUMTano mAla sAthe laI gajhana pAcho jaze. paraMtu acAnaka tukI ghoDAnI kharI avAja kAnamAM lAgelA Ta athaDAyo. e samaye bhImadeva bilakula taiyAra na hato, tethI samaya kama hovAthI asAdhAraNa rIte jaMga kheDavA mATe sajaja thaI zake nahi; na chUTake pAyatakhta cheDI bIjI jagyAe cAlyo gayo. (2) mahamUda jyAre somanAtha pahoMcyo ane teno ghero zarU karyo te daramiyAna bhImadeve eka phoja taiyAra karI dIdhI. pAyatakhta duzmana tenA kabajAmAM javAthI khajAnAmAMthI meTe bhAga lUMTamAM ja

Page #289
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 277 rahyo haze. AvI sthitimAM bhImadeve je phAja taiyAra karI haze te kharekhara navA sipAI enI bharatIthI UbhI karI haze paraMtu gajhanavI phojamAM turkastAnanA anubhavI mahAna amaladArA uparAMta pahADI leAkA hatA, jenuM dinarAtanuM kAma laDAI laDavAnuM hatuM. ane te kAma Aja paryaMta hajhAra varSa gujaryAM hAvA chatAM paNa jevI pahelAM hatI tevI ja laDAyaka che. (3) gajhanavInI pheAjamAM judI judI jAtanA leAkeA jevA ke Arae, turkI, aphaghAnA ane hiMdu hatA,1 paraMtu sarve eka jhaMDA ane eka amaladAranA hAtha nIce kharA dilathI kAma karatA hatA. paraMtu bhImadeva pAse phakata enI ja phIja hatI, bAkInI phAja khIjAenA hAtha nIce hatI. te dhaNuM karIne AsapAsanA DhAkAre ke nAnA nAnA darajjAnA rAjA hatA. te uparAMta bhImadevane saMbadha pADezanI saltanatA sAthe kai sArA na hatA. budelakhaMDa, sidha, ujjana, ajamera, kAzI vagerenA rAjAoe e ja kAraNathI tene kaI paNa madada ApI nahi. ane e ja kusa`pathI dhara verAna 1. jAhera rIte te| e vAta ajAyabI bharelI mAlUma paDe che, para Mtu itihAsa sAkSI pUre che ke phojamAM hiMdu pheAjanA eka khAsa darajjo hatA. gajhanAmAM temane mATe kharAka bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI te upara mAdazAhanA eTaleA badhA vizvAsa hatA ke dhaNIvAra keTalIka agatyanI laDAinA meAkA para mekalavAmAM AvatI hatI. masa'TTa ane mahamada e mane bhAIonI laDAImAM mahamUda taraphathI saMde(suMdara)rAca nAmanA hiMdu sipAhasAlAra raNamagrAmamAM jhajhumatA najare paDe che. paMjAbanA hAkema ahamada khaMDArane zikSA karavA mATe "nAtha" nAmane sipAhasAlara upayAgamAM AvatA itihAsamAM vAMcavAmAM Ave che. tyArapachI sipAhasalAra tilakane peAtAnI pheja sAthe phatehane DaMko vagADIne pAkhamAM dAkhala thatuA ApaNe joie chIe. (tamakAte akabarI). badAyUnI 'suMcIrAya' nAma lakhe che ane khIjuM nAma "nAhura" che. phAe 'sundarAya' nAma lakhyuM che. keTalIka tArIkheAmAM e uparAMta eka khInna saradAranuM nAma sukhapAla " khatAvavAmAM AvyuM che. ..

Page #290
ra78 ]. gujarAtano ItihAsa karyuM. asanI vAta e che ke A hiMdustAnano purANI cAla che jene laIne haMmezAM paradezIo phatehamaMda thayA che. hiMdustAnamAM je asura hajAra varSa pahelAM kAma karI rahyo hato te A ja paNa karI rahyo che. huM IcchuM chuM ke hiMdustAna A bAbata samaje! (4) musalamAne cAra sAlathI hiMdustAna, aphaghAnistAna, turkastAna, IrAna, siriyA, arabastAna, misara, AphrikA ane yuropa upara caDAI karI cUkyA hatA, te kAraNathI temanI pAse hareka muzkanAM vaparAtAM zastro mojUda haze. jemake nakhatela vize hiMdIone bilakula khabara nathI; AvI jAtanAM bIjAM hathiyAra jevAM ke maMjanIka vagere evAM hatAM ke je hiMdIonA upayogamAM kadI AvyAM hatAM. mahAbhAratanA jaMgamAM je je zastronAM nAmo ApyAM che te bezaka herata pamADe tevAM che; paraMtu pAMcamI sadI hijarImAM paNa e tamAma hathiyAro mejUda hatAM athavA te teno upayoga karavAmAM Avato hato ke nahi tenI khAtrI mATe mArI 1. manjanIkA(mana jenIka) A nAma mATe ghaNuM ghaNAM kAraNe ApavAmAM Ave che. keTalAka ene phAsI (mana ce neka)nuM arabI rUpa kahe che. paraMtu ghaNuM karIne e zabda yUnAnI ( "mana jAne kuM") uparathI che, jene artha jAdu ane khela tamAzo che. Ibda khakAnano paNa e ja abhiprAya che ke e zabda keI bIja jhabAnanuM arabI rU5 che. tenI zodha pahelAM killAnI dIvAla teDavAmAM ane killAnI aMdara zIghadAhI saLagatI badabAvALI saLelI cIjo temaja paththara pheMkavA mATe yuropa, IslAmI mulka ane cInamAM e hathiyArane upayoga thato hato. mArkopolanA sapharanAmAmAM enI 17 tasvIra ApavAmAM AvI che. balAjharIe kutUhubaladAnamAM lakhyuM che ke mehammada bina kAsime hi. sa. 94 mAM siMdhamAM AvelA "debala' nAmanuM sthaLa chatatI vakhate je "majanIka"no upayoga karyo hate te upara 500 AdamI kAma karatA hatA, ane tenuM nAma "alaurUsa" arthAta "tAjI paraNelI chokarI" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM.

Page #291
musalamAnonA humalA [ ra79 pAse koI sAbitI nathI. tethI ema kahI zakAya che ke gajhanavI phejanI phataha samaye e navAM vaparAtAM hathiyAre temanI pAse hatAM tene paNa upayoga thato hato. (5) laDAI laDavAnI rIta paNa eka ajaba tarehanI hatI jenAthI kAma kAmanAM kismata palaTAI jatAM hatAM. gajhanavI pheja lagabhaga pacIsa varasathI rajapUto sAthe laDatI rahI hatI te rajapUtonI laDavAnI rItabhAtathI pUrI rIte vAphepha hatI ane te mATe vyavasthA karI rAkhI hatI. e kAraNathI moTI moTI phojane teNe harAvI hatI, paraMtu gajhanavI je jaMga khelavAnI rIta evI zodhI kADhI hatI ke je bahudhA hiMdustAnamAM cAlu nahatI. arthAta temanI laDavAnI rIta evI hatI ke savArenI palaTaNa ToLAbaMdha banI humale karatI hatI, ane eka palaTaNa potAnuM A kAma karI rahetI tyAre pAchaLa haThI jatI ane bIjI palaTaNa je tenI pAchaLa rahetI te tenI jagyA laI letI. A rIte te ja jaladI thAkI na jatI ane TeLAbaMdha banI laDAI karatI hovAthI vikherAI jatI nahi, paraMtu ghaNI vakhata duzmanone gherAmAM laI letI. (6) bane kejo vacce vadhAremAM vadhAre taphAvata e hato ke bhImadevanI pheja kara keja hatI; tenI icchA ta bhImadevanA hukamanuM pAlana karavAnI hatI. paraMtu mahamUdanI phojamAM 30000 evA AdamI hatA ke je phakta jAnanI kurabAnI mATe ja AvyA hatA. tene mAsika pagAra kAMI paNa nakkI karavAmAM Avyo hato. teo pitAnA deza ane kAmanI Ijajatane koI paNa rIte bacAva karavAne ja AvyA hatA. temAM eka paNa jato rahe tenI temane paravA na hatI. sAcuM pUcho to bhImadevane paNa mohalata maLI hatI ane zuravIra yoddhAone jamA karavAno moko maLyo hota to phatehano hAra kAnI DekamAM paData e nakkI karavuM muzkela hatuM.

Page #292
280 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa game tema hoya paNa A banAvA ane kAraNA hatAM ke jene laIne bhImadeve hAra khAdhI. saMbhavita che ke khIjA saLaMga paNa hAya je zehuM atyAra sudhI vAkepha nathI. ghaNAkharA itihAsakArA aMtamAM sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavInA guNAnI TIkA kare che, paraMtu e bAbata sAthe mArI vAtane kAMIpaNa saMbadha nathI tethI te vize huM ka MI paNa vadhu lakhI zakatA nathI. phakta ATaluM ja jaNAvIza ke mahamUda gajhanavI eka bAdazAha hatA, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu eka ati bahAdura sipAhasalAra paNa hatA. te svataMtra mIjAjane hatA, duradezI hatA; vaLI te dhaNA udAra dilanA hatA. haeNIna mAlkama sAhebe irAnanA itihAsamAM sAcuM ja lakhyuM che ke jo te kaMjUsa hAta teA vaphAdAra, jussAvALA ane AtmatyAgI sipAhIe haMmezAM tenI AsapAsa jamA rahe e bilakula asaMbhavita heAta. vaLI mahAna satA, zAmerA, sAhityakArA ane anya vidvAnA darabAramAM haragijha jamA thaI zakayA na hota. phirAsI tA vajhIrAnI duzmanAvaTane ane vadhu pramANamAM te| peAtAnIja gerasamajane bhega thayeA. mahamUda tenA samayane mahAna sikaMdara hatA. sikaMdara kApa vakhate tenI laDAImAM hAryAM naheAtA. mahamUdanuM paNa e ja pramANe hatuM. sikaMdara sArA hiMdustAnane jItI levAnI mahattvAkAMkSA dharAvatA hatA, paraMtu tenA saradAre| hiM`mata hArI gayA. laMkA ane prahmadeza jItavAmAM mahamUnA amaladArI ja ADe AvyA. sika MdaranI phatehane dAyarA ghaNA moTA hatA. mahamUda paNa tenA jevA ja hatA. sikadare leAkAne tAja aNu karyAM. mahamUde paNa ghaNIvAra ene namUne batAvyeA. sika`dare peAtAnA jamAnAnA phAjI nakazA badalI nave nakazeA banAvyeA hateA e abhimAnanA lAbha mahamUdane paNa maLyo hatA. jevI bahAduro sika Mdare mulatAnanI phateha vakhate batAvI hatI tevI ja mahamUdde paNa eyabakakhAna (turkastAna)nA mukAbalAmAM batAvI. O

Page #293
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 281 TUMkamAM sikaMdaranI mAphaka eziyAne! e sika Mdara (mahamUda) paNa potAnA samayane mahAna vijetA hatA. tenI sArI umaramAM geramuslimane baLajabarIthI musalamAna banAvavAnA eka paNa banAva maLatA nathI temaja suleha zAMti samaye eka paNa madira tADayuM hAya evI sAbitI maLatI nathI. mahamUda gajhanavInA maraNa pachI mAMDumAMhenA kajiyAe gajhanavI sulatAnAne hiMdustAnamAM jItelA IlAkA kAbUmAM rAkhavAno temaja temAM vRddhi karavAnA bahu ochA meAkA AvyA. ane jyAMsudhI IslAmI tArIkheAnA saMbaMdha che tyAMsudhI huM kahI zakuM chuM ke tyArapachI koIpaNa gajhanavI sulatAne gujarAta upara humalA karyAM na hatA, alabatta, rAsamALA "mAM je vAta che te uparathI ema mAlUma paDe che ke gujarAtanA rAjAe jAtrAnA IrAdo karyAM hatA ane te mATe mATI mATI taiyArI karI hatI. paDitA ane sAdhuonuM eka moMDhuM TALu sAthe lIdhu hatu. ane aNuhIlavADa pATaNa pAyatatathI eka majhila AgaLa jaI pahoMcyA ke acAnaka gajhanAnA khAnanA humalAnI khabara gujarAtamAM paheAMcI, jethI rAjA ati parezAna thayA. sAdhu ane patAne maLI zuM karavuM te bAbatanI masalata karI. jo jaga kare te| jAtrAnI tamAma sAmagrI ekAra thaI jAya. vaLI jaMgamAM e ja surata hAI zake. ne jAtrA karavA mATe cAlyeA jAya teA mulka caDAI karanArA mATe lUTamAranuM kSetra ane eka sAdhue javAba ApyA ke " Ape bilakula phikara karavI nahi. huM Aje rAtre e mAmalAnA phaisaleA karI nAkhIza." TUMkamAM rAta paDatAM rAjA jue che te sUtelA gajhanAnA khAnane palaMga sAthe camatkArathI sAme ANI mUkayA, ane mahArAja UbhA rahI pharamAna kare che ke " have te pheMsalA karI nAkha." gajhanAnA khAna e sAMbhaLI heratamaMda thaI jAya che ane sAdhune murzida ane rAjAne pIrabhAI tarIke svIkAre 1. cahAra makAlae urUjhI, pR. 47-56, chapAyela yuropa. <<

Page #294
202] gujarAtano ItihAsa che. suleha karavAnI zarate te potAnA taMbumAM pAcho Ave che ane bIje divase gajhanA khAna kUca karI jAya che. tyArapachI rAjA pitAnA rasAlA sAthe dabadabAbharelI rIte jAtrAe jAya che. 1 e eka e kisso che ke jenuM IslAmI tArIkhamAM samathana nathI paraMtu je emAMthI vadhu paDatI vAto kADhI nAkhavAmAM Ave ane phakta kAma pUratI bAbata upara vicAra karavAmAM Ave to eTaluM to kabUla karI zakAya ke gajhanAnA keIka khAne humalAno IrAdo karyo hato ane gujarAtano samrATa jAtrA javAnA hovAthI jaMga karavAnI IcchA rAkhatuM na hatuM, tethI kAI vidvAna sAdhu mAraphata suleha mATe tene taiyAra karyo ane najarANuM ApI pAchA pharavAnI zarata karAvI. paraMtu muzkelI e che ke gajhanAnA sulatAna ke gajhanAnA koI saradAranI bAbatamAM gujarAta javAnA saMbaMdhamAM koI paNa ItihAsamAM ullekha nathI. sulatAna masaudanI phatehamAM makarANa kasaba (kaMdahAra IlAkAmAM), sarasvatIne killo, hAMsI ane sonapata hatAM. tenA je je saradAra AvyA, te ghaNuM karIne gaMgAnA mukha upara caDAI karatA hatA. koI gujarAta tarapha AvyuM nahi. I. sa. 1148 (hi. sa 443)mAM sulatAna alI bina masaudanA samayamAM alabatta saradAra alI bina rabI gajhanAthI nAsI chUTI pezAvara Avyo ane mulatAna ane siMdha vagere upara kabajo jamAvI evI maja bUta ane aDaga goThavaNa karI ke hareka tarapha sahIsalAmatI ja najare paDatI hatI. je aphaghAno AnaMdane khAtara lUMTamAra karatA hatA teone paNa gya rIte baMdobasta karyo. saMbhavita che ke te gujarAta tarapha paNa gayo hoya ane rAjAe suleha zAMtithI kAma lIdhuM heya. paraMtu rAsamALAmAM kumArapALa rAjAnuM nAma Ave che jeNe i. sa. 1143 (hi. sa. 538) thI I. sa. 1174 (hi. sa. pa7) paryata rAjya karyuM hatuM. temanA samakAlIno baDema zAha, khusarau zAha, ane khusarI 1. rAsamALAmAM jAtA vize ullekha nathI; bIjI ktiAbAmAM che.

Page #295
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 283 maleka hatA. temAM baherAma zAhe keTalIevAra hiMdustAnamAM AvI phatehe meLavI hatI ane petAnA saradAre|te ahIM mUkI gayA hatA. emAMne kAI hAya e paNa banavAjoga che. zrIjI bAbata evI che ke eka gajhanavI zAhajhAdAe jyAre nagarakATa jItI lIdhuM tyAre saMbhavita che ke tene! irAdo AgaLa vadhI guja rAtamAM javAne hAya, ane kumArapALane tenI khabara paDI gaI hAya ane kAI sArA sAdhunI mAraphata suleha karI lIdhI hAya. e vAta paNa ullekha karavA yeAgya che ke I. sa. 1842mAM briTiza sarakAra ati dhUmadhAma sAthe je sukhaDane daravAjo somanAthanA nAme gajhanAthI hiMda lAvI hatI, te mATe kaMI mULa vastu maLatI nathI. prathama tA. eve kAi daravAje mahamUda laI gayA ja na hatA. ane kAI paNa tArIkhamAM ene ullekha nathI. khIjuM alAuddIna jahAMsUjhe gajhanAne evI rIte AgamAM hAmyuM hatuM ke jhona mAlkamanA zabdomAM kahI zakAya ke mahelathI mAMDI jhUMpaDAM ane khudAnA dharathI mAMDI prANI mAtranAM dhara sudhdhAMta temAM baLI bhasma thaI gayAM. A sAta divasanI dhIkhatI dharAmAM tamAma gajhanAne vinAza thaye temAM phakta sukhaDanA daravAje briTiza saradAranI kismate bace e zuM mAnI zakAya evuM che?? hiMdamAM mahamUdI sikkA sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavInA jamAnAmAM je sikkA cAlatA hatA temanA namUnA inDiyA Aphsi 'mAM che. arabI ane khIjI tarapha hiMdI jhabAnamAM lakhANa che. tenI eka tarapha noMdha hiMdI abhiyA katmaka 1. seAmanAtha vize vadhu mAhitI "tArIkhe hiMdu bhA. 1. ( suzrutagInanA khAnadAnene itihAsa )mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvI che. ane tyAM e sukhaDanA daravAjA vize vigatavAra mAhitI byAna karavAmAM AvI che. azmI alakAdira rr

Page #296
284] gujarAtane ItihAsa lA IlAhA IllallAha mohammadA dAtara narapiyA mahamUde lAhamohammadu rasUlullAha phImahamUdapUra rane hiMdustAnanuM yamInadaulA pAyatakhta nakkI amInula millata mahamUda karyuM hatuM. ane bismillAhe durebA hAjhara dirahama tenuM nAma badalI bamahamUdapUra sanae samAM azarA "mahamUdapUra" rAkhyuM vaarabaameata (418) ("paMjAbameM udda" pR. 30 (alakAdira khalIphAnuM nAma che. lAhora) allAha sivAya bIjo koI (purANa hiMdImAM lakhAyuM che.) allAha nathI. mehammada tene rasUla (pegambara) che. rAjyane jamaNo hAtha(khitAba) dharmane rakSaka (khitAba) mahamUda mahamUdapUramAM hi. sa. 418mAM khudAnA nAme A dirahama sikko pADavAmAM Avyo.) gerI khAnadAna tabakAte nAsirImAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke arabaratAnanA hAkane IrAnanA pharIdunazAhe giraphatAra karyo tyAre tene eka putra hiMdano hAkema hatuM, jenuM nAma bistAmara hatuM. pharIdunanA lazkare enA upara caDAI karI tyAre e bhAgI gayo ane uttara 1. e zamsa kharekhara camana (dakSiNa arabastAna)mAM rahetA hatA. eka jhabaradasta pheja laI IrAnI bAdazAha jamazedane harAvI IrAnane kabaje lIdho. te khAnadAne eka hajhAra varasa rAjya karyuM. je pharIduna nA hAthathI mAryo gaye te hAka khAnadAnane AkharI pAdazAha hate. - 2. tenuM asala nAma kaMI bIjuM ja haze. araboe tenuM nAma badalI pitAnI jhabAnamAM "bistAma karyuM.

Page #297
musalamAnonA humalA [25 hiMdustAtamAM rakhaDato bhamato gora paheMcyo ane sahIsalAmata jagyA samajI tyAM teNe mukAma karyo. jhehAnA khAnadAnanA lake paNa AmatemathI tenI pAse jamA thayA. pharIdune eka phoja mekalI temane jaDamULathI pharIthI ukheDI nAkhavAnI IcchA karI. paraMtu salama, tUra ane IrajanI laDAIe pharIdunane nAhimmata karI nAkhyo ane khaMDaNI laI nachUTake suleha karI nAkhI. bistAma ThaMDe kaleje gIranA pahADI pradezamAM hakUmata karavA lAgyo. e khAnadAna IslAmanA samaya paryata e pahADI mukamAM rAjya karatuM rahyuM. te IrAnIone nAmanI ja khaMDaNI ApatuM hatuM. hajharata alInI khilAphata daramiyAna zakhasa nAmanA eka zakhsa IslAmane svIkAra karyo tene tenA kabIlAne amIra banAvavAmAM Avyo. abbAsI rAjya daramiyAna teo pAsethI cha khidamata levAmAM AvI. saphArI tenA upara jIta meLavI zakyA nahi; paraMtu sAmAnIonA rAjyamAM e IlAke nAmanI ja khaMDaNI Apato thaI gayo. keTalAka gorI kabIlAmAM haju islAmane pracAra thayo na hato, tethI geranI muslima ane geramuslima kema ApasamAM kajiyA karyA karatI hatI, eTale sudhI ke mohammada bina sUra kabIlAne amIra thayo ane teNe sArA gora IlAkA upara saMpUrNapaNe kabajo meLavyo. sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavIe mohammada bina sUrane tenA putra sAthe giraphatAra karyo ane tamAma gora pitAnA kabajAnA ilAkAmAM zAmela karI lIdhuM. mehammada bina sUre jhera khAdhuM tyAre mahamUde te putrane choDI dIdho ane moTA putra abualIne IlAkAno saradAra banAvyo. masauda bina mahamudanA samayamAM abualIne tene bhatrIje abbAsa bina zIsa mArI nAMkhI pote takhtanazIna thayo. tenA julamathI taMga thaI IbrAhIma gajhanavI AgaLa lokee zikAyata karI. teNe tene giraphatAra karI eka killAmAM keda karyo, ane tenA putra mohammada bina abbAsane gAdI soMpI. tenA pachI tene trIjo putra kubuddIna hasana tenI jagyAe AvyA.

Page #298
286 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa kutbuddIna eka laDAImAM mAryAM jatAM IjhuddIna hasana nAmaneA tene putra gAdInA vArasa thayA. amIra IjhudIna hasanane sAta putreA hatA : zujAuddIna alI, qhudIna masauda, kutbuddIna meAhammada, alAuddana husena, zihAbuddIna mahammada, samudIna ane bahAuddIna sAma; majakUra amIre potAnI tAkata bahu vadhArI, ane khudamukhtAra rAjyakartAnI mAphaka hakUmata karavA lAgyA, kAraNa ke gajhanavI tAkata kamajora thaI gaI hatI. A sAta bhAIomAMthI saphuddIna sUTI takhtanazIna thayA. kutbuddIna meAhammada peAtAnA bhAIethI nArAja thaI gajhanA AvyA. baherAma zAhu gajhanIe tenA ati AdarasatkAra karyAM ane peAtAnI putrI sAthe tenu lagna karyuM; paraMtu kutbuddIne bAdazAhI ThArDamAM rahevAnu "IkhtiyAra karyuM hAvAthI baherAmazAhe vahemAi ne tene mArI na`khAvyA. A khabara gAramAM pahAMcI tyAre sakuddIna sUrI eka mahAna phAja laI gajhanA AvI paheAMcyA. baherAmazAha hiMdamAM Avye paraMtu gajhanAnA kAne sapuddIna sUrI sAthe banatuM na hatuM, tethI cupakIthI baherAmazAhane melAvyA ane saiphuddIna sUrIne giraphatAra karyAM ane pachI kaMgAla sthitimAM zULI upara caDAvyeA. A vAtanI khabara gArIeAne paDI tyAre bahAuddIna sAma I sa. 1149 (hi. sa. 544) mAM vera levAnA irAdAthI eka pheAja laI ravAnA thayA; paraMtu rastAmAM tenuM maraNa thayuM, tethI alAuddIna husena je eka lazkarI AdamI hatA te phojonI nAyaka thaI ekadama gajhanA pahoMcyA. baherAmazAhe tene dUra karavAnI icchA karI, paraMtu suleha tarapha valaNa dekhADayuM nahi. Akhare laDAI thaI, baherAmazAha hiMda tarapha nA, ane alAuddIne sAta divasa pa ta gajhanAmAM lUTamAra jArI rAkhI. tamAma zaheramAM Aga lAJavAthI rAkhane eka DhagalA thayeA. e ja kAraNathI alAuddIna husainane 'jahAnasUjha' paNa kahe che. bhAI enI lAza laI geAra vApasa Avye, i. sa. 1156 (hi. sa. 551)mAM maraNa pAmyA, ane tenA putra

Page #299
musalamAnonA humalA [ 287 saMkudIna takhtanazIna thayuM. tenA baMne pitarAI bhAIo jenAthI vaTemAIna alAudIna jahAMnasUjhe temane killAmAM keda karyA hatA temane chUTA karyA. A baMne alAuddIna jahAnasUjhanA bhAI bahAudIna sAmanA putro hatA, jemanAM nAma zihAbuddIna mohammada ane zastudIna mohammada hatAM. teo pAchaLathI meIjhuddIna duniyA zihAbuddIna mohammada gerI ane giyAsuddIna vadhuduniyA zakhudIna mahammada garInA nAmathI prakhyAta thayA. saddIna eka laDAImAM pitAnA sipAhasAlAranA hAthe mAryo gayo, kAraNa ke tenA bhAIne koIeka vakhate sephudIne mArI nAkhyo hato. saiphuddIna pachI giyAsuddIna takhta upara beTho ane zihAbuddIna sipAhAlAra thaze. te vakhate gajhanAnI saltanata phakta nAmanI ja hatI ane salankI paNa kamajora thaI gayA hatA, tethI pitAnI satanata vistAravAne pUre moko maLyo, gajhanA ane kAlA phateha ryA bAda Aste Aste khurAsAna, sistAna, IrAna, ane turkastAna kabajAmAM AvatAM rahyAM. sulatAna zihAbudIna mahammada gorI jene janma I. sa. 1138 (hi. sa. pa33) mAM thayo hato te eka bahAdura ane mahattvAkAMkSI saradAra hato. teNe te tarapha zAMta thatAM hiMda tarapha humalA zarU karyA. I. sa. 1175 (hi. sa. 71)mAM teNe mulatAna upara humalo karyo jyAM gajhanavI sulatAnanI nabaLAIne lAbha laI pharIthI IsmAIlIoe mAthuM UMcakayuM hatuM. teone mATe keTalAka ItihAsakAroe "karAmitA" (karamata'nuM bahuvacana) zabda lakhyo che. mulatAna jItyA bAda "ujItyuM je siMdhu ane paMjAbanI pAMce nadInA saMgama upara AveluM che be varasa pachI eTale ke I sa. 1178 (vi. sa. 57)mAM mulatAna ane "uchamAM pharIthI Avya ane raNa oLaMgI gujarAtanI 1. tabakate nA sarI pR. 18, kalakattA 2. kariztAe hi. sa ra lakhI che. che. tArIkhe hiMda hAzimI, pU. 19, haidarAbAda

Page #300
288] gujarAtano ItihAsa sarahadamAM AvI pahoMcyuM.1 te samaye gujarAtanA takhta upara mULarAja hate. (hi. sa. 573 thI hi. sa. pa75-I. sa. 1177 thI I. sa. 1179) te kamaakkalavALo chokaro hato, tethI vajIre ane vAghelA khAnadAnanA mahattvAkAMkSI rajapUta ane bIjo bhImadeva te samaye saltanatamAM bhAga letA thaI gayA hatA, temaNe ati bahAdurI ane nirbhayatAthI laDAI karI ane aMdara jaMgI hAthIo hevAthI phejane bhayagrasta karI nAkhI; te uparAMta gujarAtIoe paNa phejamAM tAranI bharatI karI hatI ane teonI moTI saMkhyA hatI. e samaya paryata sulatAna gorIne rajapUta sAthe mukAbalo karavAne saMga sAMpaDe nahote, ane e ja sababathI hiMdI bahAdurInA talavAranA ghAthI nAvAkepha hatuM. gujarAtI rajapUtone paNa siMdhI jevA samajatA hatA, paraMtu anubhave tene batAvI ApyuM ke tema nahatuM. TUMkamAM sulatAna zihAbuddIna garIne hAra maLI ane kacchanuM raNa oLaMgI tathA ghaNI musIbata baradAsta karI muzkelIthI te gajhanA pahe. zihAbuddIna gorI gujarAtathI ajhanA pahoMcyo tyAre jAsUsoe khabara ApI ke "nahavAlA" (pATaNa)mAM phalANuM vepArIne mAraphatiye munIma ahIM mojUda che ane tenI pAse daza lAkha bAlUtarA (sikkA) che. je tenI pAsethI laI khajAnAmAM dAkhala karavAmAM Ave te nukasAnIne badale maLI rahe. sulatAne kahyuM ke e mAla nahAravAlAmAM meLavyuM hota to mAre mATe halAla heta; munIma pAsethI gajhanamAM le te InsAphanI viruddha che.* 1. sAmAnya tArIkhemAM A ja sAla che, paraMtu jhapharavavAlAmAM hi. sa. 175 che. 2. tabakate nAsirImAM pR. 116 upara bhImadevane mATe "bALaka" lakhyA che. paraMtu gujarAtI itihAsa uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke mULarAja bALaka hatA ane e ja sa cI vAta che. 3. tArIkhe hAzimI, bhA. 2, pR. 214, haidrAbAda 4. jAmeula hikA yAtA-orI

Page #301
musalamAnonA humalA - gArInI hAranA kAraNe gorIonI hAra vize UMDo vicAra karavAmAM Ave che tyAre te te mATenAM nIcenAM kAraNo mane mAluma paDe cheH 1. ema jaNAya che ke gajhanavI sulatAnanI mAphaka gujarAta jItavAne khAsa IrAdo na hato. te mulatAna ane "u"mAM Avyo hatA. sAthe sAthe gujarAtamAM paNa pitAnI dhAka besADatA javAne vicAra karyo. jevuM ke keTalAka itihAsamAM ema paNa lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke gajhanAmAM jarUra paDavAthI jaladI pAcho gayo ane bIjI vakhata gujarAta upara humalo karyo nahi; A mArI vAtanuM samarthana kare che. nahi to dilhInI mAphaka pharIthI hArano badalo levAne tenuM AvavuM jarUrI hatuM ane mArI dhAraNuM mujaba e ja kAraNathI mahamada gajhanavInI jema sAhitya sAmagrIne sAre baMdobasta karyo na hato. vaLI raNa oLaMgavA mATe pANInI bilakula vyavasthA na hatI. e kAraNane laIne phejanI bahu kharAbI thaI. 2. gajhanavI lekenA hiMdustAna upara vAraMvAranA humalAthI temaja gajhanAnI jemAM hiMduonI bharatIne laIne hiMduo musalamAnanI laDAInI rItathI vAkepha thaI gayA hatA ane tene mukAbale kema karavo te paNa zIkhI gayA hatA. jemake e ja kAraNathI gorIe gujarAtIo sAme hAra khAdhI, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu dilhInA pRthvIrAje paNa ene zikasta ApI hatI. paraMtu gorIe jaMganI Dhaba badalI tyAre te kAmiyAba thayA. jemake dilhInI bIjI laDAImAM rajapUtoe savArone ghacUmale karI laDAI zarU karI ane baMne bAjU phelAvI vacalo mArga sApha karyo tyAre gerI e cAlabAjImAM na sapaDAye, paraMtu azkAnI (IrAnanI ekakoma jeNe lagabhaga pAMcaso varasa IrAna upara hakUmata karI hatI) kemanI mAphaka hArelI phejanI jema pAchaLa haThavA mAMDayuM. rajapUte tene hArelA dhArI potapotAnI pAMkhamAMthI alaga thaI duzmano upara tUTI paDayA. gorI lazkara paNa 19

Page #302
290 ] gujarAtane itihAsa enI ja rAha jotuM hatuM. teNe cAlAkIthI pAchaLa rahelI pheja laI gherI lIdhA ane e sakhata humalo karyo ke rajapUto haDI zakyA nahi ane gerIonI jIta thaI - 3. jo ke solaMkI khAnadAna nabaLuM ane kamajora thaI gayuM hatuM, paraMtu vAdhelA khAnadAna caDatI ane unnatinA zikhara para hatuM, ane saltanatamAM tenI ja Dakhala vadhAre hatI. arNorAja vAghelA, lavaNaprasAda vAghelA ane tenA putra viradhavaLa jevA cAlAka lenA hAthamAM rAjyanI lagAma hatI. e khAnadAna unnati karatuM jatuM hatuM, tethI eka jIvatI jAgatI bahAdura kema havAnA kAraNe baLavAna rajapUtanI TukaDI tenI AsapAsa jamA thaI hatI. ane temanI ja bahAdurIne natIje phatehanA rUpamAM prakaTa thayo. 4. gajhanavInA vakhatovakhatanA humalAe hiMdu rAjAone hoziyAra karyA hatA, tethI zihAbuddIna gorInuM AvavuM mahamUda gajhanavInI jema acAnaka na hatuM. gujarAtIone tenI khabara maLI gaI hatI ane taiyArI karavAno mokko maLI gayo hato. tyArapachI je pheja gorI sAthe laDI temAM navA sipAIonI jamAvaTa na hatI, paraMtu e bahAdura anubhavI rajapUtonI eka ghaDAyelI ja hatI. 5. eka moTI vAta to e che ke e samaya paryata gorIone pahADI jaMgamAM rokAvuM paDatuM hatuM, ane tene ja temane anubhava hato. medAnI jaMgamAM UtaravAne temane kadI saMjoga sAMpaDayo na hate. e jANe ke, pahelI ja medAnI laDAI hatI je temane laDavI paDI. bezaka siMdhamAM temaNe medAnamAM ja jaMga khelyo hato, paraMtu tyAM temane gajhanavI khAnadAnanI nabaLAIno lAbha laI baLavo karanAra IsmAIlIone ja mukAbalo karavAno hato. te uparAMta mahamUda gajhanavIe karyuM hatuM tema na karatAM teNe AvavAne rasto kacchanA raNamAM thaIne pasaMda karyo hato. enuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke je vakhate e ja gujarAta pahoMcI tyAre kaMTALIne thAkI gaI hatI ane tene dama

Page #303
musalamAnonA humalA ri91 levAno kaMI paNa moko maLyo na hato, paraMtu gujarAtI pheja to tAjadama hatI. 6. gujarAtI phejanI saMkhyA bahu moTI hatI ane gorI pheja kacchanuM raNa oLaMgyA pachI thoDI ja rahI gaI hatI. te nirAza thaI vaLagIne laDI zakI nahi. che. te uparAMta gujarAtI jemAM tArI neka hatA, jeo gerIonA mukAbalAmAM bahAdurIne nyAya ApatA hatA ane teo bilakula pahoMcI vaLe evA hatA. * 8. zihAbuddIna garInI pAse kama phoja hatI ane tenI sAme gujarAtI phejanI saMkhyA eka lAkha jeTalI hatI. te hareka rIte sajaja ane taiyAra hatI. ane A phoja bharatI karelA navA sipAIonI na hatI, paraMtu barAbara anubhavI ane ekatra thayelA tamAma gujarAtI rajapUtonI cUMTelI pheja hatI. zihAbuddIna mehammada (meIjhuddaduniyA vaddIna) gorInA uttama sipAhasolAra jeo hiMdustAnamAM phatehanI vRddhi karatA rahyA te nAsiruddIna kabAyA, kubuddIna eIbaka ane bakhtiyAra khalajI hatA. vajIramAM jhiyAumuka, muvIdubhulaka sajarI ane subhuka kayadAnI hatA, jemAM vidvattA bharelAM ane rAjakIya kAmoe gorI sulatAnanI kIrtine zikhare pahoMcADI. zihAbuddIna gorI unALAmAM ghaNuM karIne gajhanA ane ziyALAmAM hiMdustAnamAM raheto hato. tenI phojanI jamaNI pAMkhane jhaMDe kALo ane DAbI pAMkha lAla hato. pharamAna upara "naTsamaminallAha" (allAha taraphathI sahAya) hatuM. te 32 varasa rAja karI A duniyAmAMthI ravAnA thaI gayo hato. tenA avasAnanI sAla nIcenI be zera uparathI mAluma paDe cheH 1. tArIkhe hArizamI bhA. 1, haidarAbAda, dakhaNa 2. prAcIna gujarAta, pR. 247

Page #304
292] gujarAtano ItihAsa "zahAdata maleke bahare bara muijhuddIna, kaccha IntidAe jahAM zahe cUu nayAmada neka; silvama ke gurae zAbAna sAle zazasada de, phitAdA dara rahe gajhanA be majhile dimeka" (arthAta samudra ane pRthvIne pAdazAha, meIjhudIna ke jenA je saddaguNI duniyAnI zarUAtathI thayo nathI, tenI zahAdata (avasAna) hi. sa. 6 2nA zAbAnanI trIje gajhanAnA raste dimeka nAmanI jagyAe thaI hatI.) hiMdI sikkA nIce pramANe che ) asultAnuAjhama mAI | guddaduniyA vaddIna abu mujhaphaphara mohammada bina hiMdImAM che. zrI himArA zrI mehammada > sAma lA IlAhA IlallAha ( sAma pRthvI | mehammadura rasUlullAha | | annAsira bhaledInillAha ! amIrUla mominInA zihAbuddIna mahamUda gArInA sikkA hi. sa. pass eka bAju uparane tarajUme (kinArI upara) A dirahama cheH e ja khudA jeNe ApaNuM (cAMdIne sikko) dilhImAM hiM. sUlane hidAyata ane sAcA sa. 177 dila sAthe mokalyo jethI karIne asa sutAnuAjhama (mahAna tene tamAma dharmo upara jIta bAdazAha) muijhuddaduniyA vadIna maLe. (kinArI upara) (vacce) (khitAba) abula mujhaphaphara (kunieka khudA sivAya bIjo khudA yata) mohammada bina sAma nathI, mohammada allAhane rasUla che. ananAsira ledInilAha amIrUla mominIna (khalIphA) 1. tabakate nAsirI 2. khilAta ane hiMdaranAna, pR. 32

Page #305
[293 musalamAnonA humalA gArIonI vaMzAvaLI jhahAka bistAma sabasa mehammada zisa abu alI abhyAsa mehammada kubuddIna hasana IjhuddIna 1. zujAuddInaalI--4. kubuddIna mohammada 2. khadInAmasada--5. zihAbuddIna mahammada 3. siddInasUrI ' --6. bahAuddIna sAma 7. alAuddInahusena | giyAsuddIna saiphuddIna mahammada meIjhuddIna mehammada zihAbudIna gArI

Page #306
294 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa :3: kutbuddIna aimeka ( anna--trika ) kutbuddIna eka tukI kuTuMbane hateA. bALapaNamAM eka turkI vepArI tene turkastAnathI lAvI nizApura (je IrAnanuM mazadUra zahera che) laI gayA, ane tene kAjhI krujhAta (cIpha jasTisa ) phakhruddIna abdula ajhIjha kUfIte vecI mAryAM. kAjhI sAheba pe|te mahAna ImAma amuhanIphAnA vaMzajomAMthI hatA. te vidvAna hatA ane nizApuranA hAkema hatA. potAnA bALakA sAthe sAthe kutbuddonanI tAlImanuM paNa emaNe dhyAnamAM lIdhuM hatuM. jemake kutbuddIne kurAna temanA bALakA sAthe paDyuM hatuM. te gheADesavArI ane tIra dAjhI paNa sa MpUrNa rIte zIkhyo hatA. te phikasDa (Izvarokta zAstra) paNa zIkhyA hatA.1 sadara sAhebanA avasAna bAda eka dAgare kAjhI sAhebanA sAhebajhAdA pAsethI bhArI kImate tene kharIdI lIdhA ane gajhanAmAM sulatAna zihAmuddIna geArI AgaLa bheTa tarIke peza karyAM, tene sulatAne rItasara kImate kharIdI lIdhA. kutbuddIna prazasya sadguNAmAM pAraMgata hatA, tema chatAM paNa tenA bAhya dekhAva suMdara na hatA, vaLI tenA hAthanI TacalI AMgaLI tUTI gayelI hatI, ane eja kAraNe lokA tene "Ibika gula kahetA hatA; paraMtu sadguNAmAM te khIjA ghaNAthI caDiyAtA "" 1. phulavAlA bhA. 2, yurepa 2. jhulavAlA bhA. 2, yuropa--mAM lakhavAmAM Avyu che ke khuda qhuddIna sAheba kharIda karI gajhanA lai gayA. bAkInA itihAsakAroe khAsa karIne phirastAe tenA avasAna pachI gajhanA gayA ema lakhyu che. zaka 3. tabakAte nAsiI ane phariztAnI tArIkhe hiM' bhA. 2, pR. 182mAM "a" arthAt "caMdra" ane "eka" (bega) arthAt "zeTha" lakhyuM che ane phariztA takhakAte nAsirInA zabdone bhAvA kheATI rIte samayeA che. teNe ardhabikane artha tUTelI AMgaLI karyA che paNa upathI A a nIkaLe che. zilAlekhamAM joDaNI "ardha-beka" che. te samayamAM e nAmanA bIjA

Page #307
musalamAnene humalA | [ 25 hate. zarUAtathI ja te sakhI ane bahAdura hato. jemake eka rAtre eka AnaMdanA jalasAmAM zihAbuddIne tamAma lokone InAmo ApyAM; kabudInane paNa sArI bakSiso ApI, paraMtu majalisamAMthI bahAra AvatAM sudhImAM te sarva mAla nokaro ane cAkarone ApI daI kubuddIna khAlI hAthe ghera pAcho Avyo. sulatAna zihAbuddInane A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre te tenI sakhAvata ane udAravRttithI ati khuza thayuM, ane Ate Ate tene darajajo vadhAratAM zAhI tabelAnA dArUgA tarIke tenI nimaNUka karI. (murgAbanA amIra) sulatAna zAhanI laDAImAM te sAdhana saraMjAmane amIra hato, ghaNuM bahAdurI batAvyA chatAM te giraphatAra thaye, kAraNa ke phakta thoDI ja phija sAthe sAdhana sAmagrI taiyAra karavAmAM mazagUla hato tevAmAM acAnaka duzmanoe tene gherI lIdhe. zihAbuddInanI phateha thaI tyAre leke kabudInane beDI sAthe lAvyA. sulatAne beDI kapAvI nAkhI tene mAnavaMta karyo. gajhanA pahoMcI "keharAma" tene soMpavAmAM AvyuM. hiMdustAnamAM teNe tene nAyaba banAvyo. I. sa. 1191 (hi. sa. 587) mAM mIraTha teNe phateha karyuM. I. sa. 1193 (hi. sa. 589) mAM dilhI laI lIdhuM. I. sa. 1193. (hi. sa. 59)mAM zihAbuddIna garInA lazkaranA mokhare rahI AgaLa vadhe, ane kanoja ane kAzInA rAjA (jayacaMda)ne harAvI tamAma uttaranA mulka upara kabajo jamAvyo. I. sa. 1193 (hi. sa. 589)ne ramajhAnamAM gujarAtanA rAjA bhImadevanA sipAhasolAra jIvanarAye hasInA killA upara caDAI karI tyAre tyAM hAkema nustranudIna potAnAmAM laDAI ghaNuM gulAme hatA. dAkhalA tarIke zasuddIna sAthe je gulAma kharIdavAmAM Avyo hato tenuM nAma aIka hatuM e ja pramANe saiphudIna abeka (abeka) hate. e uparathI mAluma paDe che ke IlakAba suarthamAM ja vaparAto hato ane kharAbamAM nahi. (Imba batutAne hAMti.). 1. tabakate nAsirI kalakattA.

Page #308
ane khabara ApI. sAI gayo ane potAnA ca karI. 26 ] gujarAtane ItihAsa karavAnI tAkAta mAluma nahi paDatAM killAmAM bharAI gayo ane pitAnA uparI adhikArI kubuddInane khabara ApI. teNe satvara tene madada karavAne kuca karI. jIvaNarAya A sAMbhaLI gujarAta pAcho cAlyo gayo. te vakhate kubuddIna aI be avagaNanA karI ane dilhI pAcho Abe, paraMtu I. sa. 1194 (hi. sa. 191)mAM tene zikSA karavAne gujarAta upara humalo karyo. gujarAtanA sipAhasolAra jIvanarAye eka baLavAna lazkara sAthe killA najIka mukAbale karyo, jemAM te hAryo. kubuddIne tenI pUTha pakaDI, sipAhAlAra pharIthI hiMmata karI eka vakhata humalo lAvyo, paraMtu bahAdurI batAvyA chatAM phateha na maLI, ane jAna jokhamamAM mUkI laDatAM laDatAM marAyo. gujarAtanA rAjA bhImadeva bIjAe hAranA samAcAra sAMbhaLyA tyAre te nAsI chUTayo, ane eka bIjI jagyAe Azraya lIdhe, aNahIlavADa (naravAlA) pATaNa khAlI karyuM. kubuddIna nahAvAlA (pATaNa) mAM dAkhala thaI lUMTanA mAla sAthe dilhI pAcho gayo. keTalAka itihAsamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke -kubudIne "naharavAlA"mAM dAkhala thaI joyuM ke ahIM rahevuM muzkela che, tethI laDAIno kharca vasUla karI pAcho Avyo. I. sa. 1195 (hi. sa. 192)mAM "caMdrAvatI"--Abu ane nAgoranA rajapUtoe gujarAtanA rAjA sAthe joDAI jaI ajamera musalamAno pAsethI chInavI levAne Ide karyo. A sAMbhaLI kubudIna te tarapha ravAnA thayo. gujarAtanuM lazkara haju 1. kAmela-ibna asIra-Ibna battAe (hAMsiye 1 pR. 56 bhA. 2)mAM lakhyuM che ke saiyada nAsirIna pRthvIrAjanA samayamAM ghoDA vecavA Avyo hato. enIpatamAM tenA jamAIe ghoDA chInavI lIdhA ane tenI katala karI. A ja kAraNe dilahInI phatehanuM hatuM. 2. pharitAe sipAhasavAranuM nAma " jItavAna' lakhyuM che. kharekhara e khoTuM che. mArA dhAravA mujaba "mirAte mohammadI'mAM kharuM nAma lakhavAmAM AvyuM che, te ja kAraNathI meM e pasaMda karyuM che.

Page #309
musalamAnonA humalA [ 297 AvyuM na hatuM, paraMtu laDAI cheDavAmAM AvI. A laDAImAM kulsadIna ghoDe jakhkhI thaI paDI gayuM ane khuda kubudIna paNa jakhkhI thayo. lake tene uThAvI ajamera lAvyA. AvI rIte musalamAnone zikasta maLI. rajapUte bahu khuza thayA. A daramiyAna gujarAtanI pheja paNa pahoMcI gaI. rajapUtomAM eka navuM joma AvyuM, ane moTI hiMmata ane bahAdurI sAthe gujarAtanI pheja laI ajamerane ghero ghAlyo. te vakhate kubudIna pAse phoja thoDI hatI, tethI te . bahAra nIkaLI ghare teDI zake tema na hatuM. A khabara sulatAna zihAbuddInane maLI tyAre teNe eka baLavAna phoja madada mATe ravAnA karI. te sAthe IslAmakhAna asadudIna, arsalAna, khalajI, nasIruddIna husena, aijhuddIna muvIda ane zarakudIna mahammada jevA moTA umarA mejUda hatA. jyAre rajapUtone A vAtanI khabara paDI tyAre teo nAhiMmata thaI gayA ane hareka zakhe potapotAnA gharano rasto lIdhe. ema mAlUma paDe che ke kubuddInane gujarAtanA , rAjA taraphathI paNa takalIpha pahoMcI, tethI teNe gujarAtanA rAjAne zikSA karavAne pUre IrAdo karyo. jemake I. sa. 1196 (hi. sa. 593)nA saphara mahinAnI 15 mI tArIkhe ajamerathI gujarAta tarapha eka anubhavI lazkara sAthe ravAnA thayo. gujarAtane rAjA tenA madadagAro sAthe mukAbalA mATe nIkaLe. kubuddInane khabara paDI ke AbugaDhamAM AsapAsanA tamAma rAjAo rasto rokavA mATe mojUda che, ane gujarAtanI phoja paNa AvI pahoMcI che. TUMkamAM kubuddIna te tarapha ravAnA thaye, rastAmAM AvelA judA judA killAo upara kannA karato karate AbugaDha pahoMcI gayo. baMne je vacce eka khUnareja laDAI thaI tuka phojee khINamAM ghUsI jaI kaleAma zarU karI dIdhI. rajapUtoe paNa pITha pheravavAnA kasama khAdhA hatA. baMne bAjuthI mahAna laDAI thaI, baMnee pitAnI bahAdurInuM javAhara batAvyuM. Akhare kubudInanI tuka phojee eka bahAdurIbharyo humalo

Page #310
298] gujarAtano itihAsa karI jaMganuM medAna jItI lIdhuM. rajapUtane zikasta maLI. A jaMgamAM pacAsa hajAra duzmane mAryA gayA, ane tuka phoe vIsa hajAra giraphatAra karyA. kubudInane lUMTane puSkaLa mAla maLyA ane zAnozaukata sAthe gujarAtamAM e dAkhala thayo. teNe khAsa aNahIlavADa (nahAravAlA) pATaNa upara kabajo jamAvyo. te eka moTA amaladArane pATaNano hAkema banAvI pote dilhI tarapha ravAnA thaze. ghaNuM karIne te ja sAla ke bIjI sAla (hi. sa. 194) kubudInane thanA javAnI jarUrata peza AvI ane te gajhanA cAle gaye. mAruM mAnavuM che ke te e ja kAraNathI gujarAtane kabajo hAMsila karI zakyo nahi. teNe gujarAtamAM koI madada na mokalI temaja te pote paNa AvI zakyo nahi. A kAraNathI e tenA kabajAmAMthI jatuM rahyuM. pATaNamAM keTalA vakhata paryata hAkema rahyo te mane koI paNa tArIkhamAMthI maLatuM nathI, paraMtu gujarAtI tArIkhe uparathI e vAta khAsa mAluma paDI jAya che ke keTalAka divaso bAda bhImadeve pATaNano kabajo lIdho. bahAranI laDAI ane aMdaranA baLavAthI saltanata ati kamajora thaI gaI ane e ja kAraNathI bIjA bhImadevanI AMkha baMdha thatAM solaMkI khAnadAnane aMta Avyo ane vAghelA vaMza gujarAtano rAjyakartA bane. aksosanI vAta che ke mane kubuddIna aIbekanA sikkA maLyA nathI. sulatAna zamsaddIna altamazane jamAne I. sa.1217 (hi. sa. 67) thI mAMDI I. sa. 1235 hi. sa. 633) parvatane che. tenA samayamAM ruddIna mohammada phI eka ati vidvAna zamsa thaI gayo hato. jAmeuhikAyAta teno ja graMtha che. temAM 1. jhapharavAlA, arabI bhASAmAM gujarAtanA itihAsamAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke te vakhatathI mAMDI graMthakAranA ullekha paryata naravAlA musalamAnonA kabajAmAM rahyuM. A satya nathI. alAuddIna khalajInA vakhatathI alabatta nahAravAlA upara musalamAnone para kAbU thayo.

Page #311
musalamAnonA humalA [299 lakhe che ke "eka vakhata huM khaMbhAtamAM hata; e samudrane kinAre AveluM che, tyAM saMkhyAbaMdha sunnI musalamAne rahe che. teo dharmacusta che ane udAra dilanA che. meM sAMbhaLyuM ke e zahera gujarAtanA rAjA jayasiMga (avasAna I. sa. 1143-hi. sa. pa38) nA kabajAmAM hatuM, jenuM pAyatakhta aNahIlavADa (naharavAlA ) hatuM-- tenA samayamAM ahIM AtazapUjakA (pArasI) ane musalamAnonI ghaNuM vastI hatI. musalamAnI eka majida hatI, jenI pAse eka mInAra paNa hato; te upara UbhA rahI bAMgI bAMga pokArato hato. pArasIoe hiMduone musalamAno upara humale karavAne uzkeryA. temaNe te mInAre toDI nAkhyo, masjida bALI nAMkhI ane 80 musalamAnene mArI nAkhyA. majidanA khatIbanuM nAma kuba alI hatuM te bacI aNahIlavADa cAlyo gayo ane teNe tamAma pIDitonI phariyAda karI. rAjAnA darabArIomAMthI koIe tenI phariyAda sAMbhaLI nahi, ane koIe dhyAna ApyuM nahi; koIe na te madada karI. hareka darabArI potAnA dharmabaMdhune bacAvavAnI koziza karato rahyo. kuba alIe sAMbhaLyuM ke rAjA zikAra karavA janAra che. te jaMgalamAM jaI rAjAnA javAnA rastA upara eka jhADa nIce beThe. rAjA tyAM pahoMce tyAre kuba alIe vinaMti karI ke Apa hAthIne thobhAvI mArI phariyAda sAMbhaLI lo. rAjAe savArI rokI. kuba alIe eka kavitA je hiMdImAM (bahudhA ophIno hiMdI zabdane upayoga karavAne bhAvArtha prAcIna gujarAtI jhabAna haze) banAvI hatI ane temAM tamAma banAvo varNavyA hatA, te rAjAnA hAthamAM mUkI. rAjAe te kavitA vAMcI eka nokarane hukama karyo ke tAre kuba alIne surakSita tArI pAse rAkho ane huM kahuM tyAre tene darabAramAM hAjara karo. tyArapachI rAjA pAcho pharyo ane pitAnA nAyabane belAvI kahyuM ke tamAma riyAsatanuM kAma tamAre karavuM. huM traNa divasa mATe tamAma kAma choDI daI jhamAnAmAM rahIza. have

Page #312
300 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa pachI saltanatanA kArobAra mATe mane koIpaNa rIte cheDo nahi. te ja rAtre rAjA eka sAMDhaNuM upara savAra thaI khaMbhAta gayo ane cALIsa pharasaMganuM aMtara eka rAta divasamAM kApyuM ane sodAgaranA veze zaheramAM dAkhala thayo. bajAra ane galIcImAM alaga alaga jagyAe rahI kuba alInI zikAyate vizenI satyatA vize tapAsato rahyo. rAjAne sArI rIte khabara paDI gaI ke musalamAna upara ati julama thaye che ane teonI katala karavAmAM AvI che. te pachI teNe eka vAsaNa samudranA pANIthI bharAvyuM ane sAthe laI pATaNa tarapha ravAnA thayo. tyAM pe tAnI ravAnagInI trIjI rIte te pahe. savAre teNe darabAra bharyo ane kuba alIne belAvIne kahyuM ke tame sarva banAnuM khyAna karo. teNe tamAma hakIkata saMbhaLAvI. darabArI AdamIoe tenA upara peTA khAnane AkSepa mUkavAnI tathA dhamakAvavAnI IcchA karI, tyAre rAjAe potAnA pANIvALAne bolAvI te vAsaNa hAjara rahelAone ApavAne pharamAvyuM, jethI karIne teo temAMthI pIe. hareka zakhsa cAkhIne te choDI dIdhuM ane teo samajI gayA ke samudranuM khAruM pANI che, pIvA lAyaka nathI. te bAda rAjAe kahyuM : A mAmalAmAM judA judA dharmavALAne saMbaMdha hatA, tethI meM kaI upara bharose na karyo ane meM jAte khaMbhAta jaI A bAbatanI tapAsa karI, tyAre mAluma paDayuM ke kharekhara musalamAna upara ati julama thayo che. tyArapachI teNe kahyuM ke tamAma reyatanI paristhiti vize saMbhALa rAkhavAnI 1. eka pharasakha ke pharasaMga barAbe traNa mAIlana hoya che, eka mAIla barAbara 4000 gaja ane eka gajanI barAbara vIsa AgaLa hoya che. (lagAte kizorI) A pramANe pATaNathI khaMbhAta 120 mAIla thAya ane rAjA eka kalAkanA pAMca mAIla cAlyo.

Page #313
musalamAnonA humalA [ 301 ane evuM rakSaNa karavAnI mArI pharaja che. teo sahIsalAmatIthI rahI zake. te pachI gera musalamAnomAMthI bane AdamIone (bahudhA jeo A mAmalAmAM phisAda karavAmAM AgevAna hatA) sajA karavAno ane eka lAkha "setara" ke "bAlUtarA" (cAMdInA sikkA) A masjida ane mInAra taiyAra karavAmAM vAparavAno teNe hukama karyo ane cAra jAtanA kImatI kapaDAnA TukaDAne banAvelo khilAta arpaNa karyo. A khilAtanAM kapaDAM Aja paryata (I. sa. 127; hi. sa. 625) rAkhI mUkavAmAM AvyAM che. ane koI moTA tahevArane divase batAvavAmAM Ave che. A sarva masjida ane mInAra keTalAka divasa pahelAM kAyama hatAM, paNa mALavAnA lazkare aNahIlavADa upara humalo karyo tyAre te toDI pADavAmAM AvyAM. saiyada zapha tamana [ saIduddIna zaphI (vepArI) ]e pitAne kharce te pharIthI banAvyA ane ekane badale cAra mInAra baMdhAvI te upara sonAne kaLasa caDAvyo. te potAnA dharmanI ImArata geraIslAma mulakamAM cheDI gayo. te imArata Aja paryata mojUda che." ephI jayasiga" zabda "siddharAja jayasiMha" mATe vApare che, jeno samaya I. sa. 1094 thI I. sa. 1143 (hi. sa. 487 thI hi. sa. 538) paryata che. mohammada zaphI I. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625) paryata siMdhamAM nAsiruddIna kabAcA pAse rahyo ane tenI pharamAIzathI " jAmeulU hitAyAtane graMtha zarU karyo. nAsiruddIna kabAcAnA avasAna pachI te sulatAna alatamazanI khidamatamAM cAlyA Avyo ane keTalAka vakhata dilhImAM rahyo. jAmeulAhakAyAtanA keTalAka ullekha uparathI ema mAluma paDe che ke A kitAba I. sa. 1232 (hi. sa. 630) sudhImAM khatama thaItethI je te khaMbhAta ke pATaNamAM Avyo heta to te I. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625) ane I. sa. 1231 1. jAmelahitAyAta prakaraNa 2; mulke tavAipha ane ehavAle IzAna hastalikhita. dArUlamusannizIna AjhamagaDha.

Page #314
302] gujarAtano ItihAsa (hi. sa. 630)nI vacce heI zake. siddharAja jayasiMhanuM avasAna 'I. sa. 1142 (hi. sa. 537) mAM thayuM hatuM. A hisAbe mohammada phI uparanA banAva pachI so varasa bAda gujarAtamAM Avyo. pharistA bhA. 1 pR. 316 upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke nAsirUdIna kabAcAnA vakhatamAM sulatAna jalAluddIna khArajhama zAhe keTalAka divasa mATe siMdhano kabajo lIdho hato. te samaye teNe eka pheja lUMTamAra mATe gujarAta upara mokalI hatI. keI paNa ItihAsamAMthI ema jaNAtuM nathI ke te gujarAtanI hadamAM kayAMsudhI pahoMcI hatI. paraMtu juvayanInA A khyAna uparathI ke "be phaja naharavAlAthI pAchI AvI tyAre lUMTanA mAlamAM ghaNuM UMTa lAvI hatI." e zaka pedA thAya che ke te "naharavAlA"ne badale mAravADa ane saurASTranI sarahada upara keI zahera lUMTI pAchI AvI. ane tethI UMTa puSkaLa che, kAraNa ke tyAMnI e khAsiyata che; nahi koI paNa gujarAtI tArIkhamAM ene ullekha nathI. mirAte mohammIe rAsamALA ane gujarAtanA prAcIna ItihAsanA AdhAre jaNAvyuM che ke "TalAka itihAsakAroe lakhyuM che ke gujarAtanA rAjA vIravaLa vAghelAnA vajIra vastupALe eka lAkhanI phoja laI sulatAna meijhuddInanuM lazkara gujarAta upara caDI AvyuM hatuM tenI sAme gujarAtanA jaMgalamAM mukAbalo karI sArA lazkaranI katala karI. Abuno rAjA paNa samAnadharmanI himAyata karavA mATe gayo hato, eTale rAjAnA dilamAMthI sulatAnanA taraphano Dara nIkaLyo nahi ane haMmezAM phikaramAM raheto hate. karmasaMge sulatAnanI mA jAtrAe gaI tyAre gujarAtanA samudrakinAre vastupALanI yuktiprayuktithI lUMTArUoe sulatAnanI mAne 1. jahAna gudA juvayanI bhA. 2, pR. 116-148 2. karnala phArbasanI rAsamALA mujaba "murzide hajanI saphara karavAno irAdo karyo."

Page #315
musalamAnonA humalA [ 303 asabAba lUMTI lIdho, paraMtu te pachI rAjAe te asabAba pharIthI apAvyuM, ane ghaNuM ja viveka batAvyo. jyAre A khabara dilhI paheAMcI, tyAre sulatAna ati khuza thayo, ane rAjAne inAma ApavAnI icchA karI. rAjAe vinaMtipUrvaka kahyuM ke gujarAta para caDAI na karavAmAM Ave e ja eka mahAna bakSisa che. sulatAne tene svIkAra karyo, ane rAjAnI phikara jatI rahI." A pramANe lakhI AgaLa radiyo ApatAM lakhe che ke e kisso tadana galata che. kAraNa ke islAmI tavArIkhomAM ene kaMI paNa ullekha nathI, eTale sudhI ke sulatAnanI mAtAnI jAtrAe javA vize paNa kaMI lakhyuM nathI. A uparAMta vIradhavaLa i. sa. 1233 thI Isa. 1238 (hi. sa. 631 thI hi. sa. 636) paryata rAjyakto rahyo. gulAma vaMzamAM be muijhuddIna thaI gayA. pahele muijhudIna baherAmazAha I. sa. 1239 thI I. sa. 1243 (hi. sa6 37 thI hi.sa. 6 39) parvata ane bIjuM muijhudIna kAbAda A khAnadAnane AkharI bAdazAha che. TUMkamAM pahele muijhudIna paNa viradhavalanA avasAna bAda takhtanazIna thayo. A uparathI sApha sApha jaNAI Ave che ke A kisso joDI kADhelo vajUda vagara che. paraMtu mArA dhAravA mujaba eka bIjI bAbata evI che je saMzodhanathI kaMIka sAcI sAbita thAya e banavAjoga che, arthAt jemake upara kahevAmAM AvyuM che. A muI jhudIna te gulAma vaMzane muijhuddIna nathI, paraMtu e zihAbuddIna gorI che je muijhudIna mahammada paNa kahevAya che ane jene nAyaba kubudIna aIbeka hiMdane hAkema hato. meIjhuddIna mahammada (zihAbuddIna) gerIe I. sa. 1178 (hi. sa. pacha4)mAM gujarAta upara humalo karyo tene aTakAvavA mATe nAyikAdevI potAnA dhAvatA bALaka mULarAjane laIne tenA kAkA bhImadeva bIjA sAthe nIkaLI tenI sAthe munnA tamAma rAjAo ekatrapaNe hatA, temAM vAghelA khAnadAnane sthApaka arAja ane lavaNaprasAda temaja tene vachara vastupALa

Page #316
304] gujarAtane itihAsa (je lavaNaprasAdanA putra viradhavaLane paNa vajIra hato) vagere paNa hatA. sAcI vAta to e che ke te lokAnI himmatathI ja eka lAkhanI saMyukta ja jamA thaI ane bahAdura gorIonI balA gujarAtanA zirethI te samaye TaLI vastupALa ane tejapALa baMne ati hoziyAra hatA. teo potAnA DahApaNathI jarUra samajyA haze ke muijhuddIna mahammada gorI ke atyAre to hArIne cAlyo gayo che paNa te saMpUrNa taiyArI sAthe jarUra pAcho Avaze, tene mukAbalo AsAna haze nahi. tethI te evI phikaramAM maMDayo rahyo haze ke keI paNa rIte sulatAnane khuza karI bhaviSyanA humalAno daravAjo baMdha thAya. haja mATe javAnA te samaye judA judA rastA hatA ? (1) gajhanA ane gArathI jamIna mArge IrAkamAM thaI makkA, (2) siMdhanuM baMdara debala ke masUrAthI samudramArge basarA ane basarAthI makkI; (3) sidhanA baMdarathI samudramArge mukhA (yamana) tyAMthI majhA (4) khaMbhAta ane bharUcathI samudramArge mukhA ane tyAMthI makkA. jo ke jamInamArganI saphara dariyAI mArga jeTalI ja muzkelIbharI hatI tethI jene jyAMthI najIka paDatuM tyAMthI te cAlyo jato. A uparathI siMdhanI phateha pachI sulatAnanI mA ke muzida (ke baMne) siMdhanAM baMdarethI ravAnA thayA hoya e saMbhavita che. vaLI te jamAnAmAM vahANavaTAnI rIta evI hatI ke loke banI zake tyAM sudhI sAmAnya rIte kinAre kinAre kAMThAnAM sthaLoethI pasAra thaI laI jatA hatA. ema gaNatAM gujarAtanA kinArAnI sAme jyAre jahAjha AvyuM haze tyAre vastupALa potAnI tadabIra amalamAM lAvyA heya, e ghaNuM ja saMbhavita che; jemake upara ullekha karavAmAM AvyuM che; ane pachI chAnAmAnA suleha karI e vinaMti karI heya ke

Page #317
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 305 gujarAta upara humale karavAmAM nahi Ave. A sulatAne samajI jaI samayane anusarIne kabUla karI lIdhuM hAya. tethI bIjA kArA sAthe e paNa eka kAraNa hoya ke khuda mujhuddIna meAhammada gArI athavA tenA nAyae e samaya paryaMta gujarAta upara kArya paNu humalo na karyAM; te eTale sudhI ke khuda karaNanA sipAhusAlAra jIvanarAye kutbuddInane cheDayA nahi. nahi te bilakula saMbhavita hatuM ke je rIte pRthvIrAjathI hArI jaI tenuM vera lIdhuM tevI ja rIte gujarAtI sAme paNa vera lIdhuM hAta. have e vAta rahI ke keAI IslAmI tArIkhamAM ene ullekha nathI. tenuM kAraNa mArA khyAla mujaba e che ke e kAI evA mahAna banAva na hatA, jene itihAsamAM sthAna maLe. alAuddIna khalajInI begama ( malekAjahAM) maleka kAphUra ane khusarauzAha gujarAtInAM kRtyothI kaMTALI jaI makkA jatI rahI hatI. paraMtu tavArIkhamAM e banAvanA kaI paNa ullekha hAta teA jhiyA anInA A lakhANa upara kAIne kaMIpaNa jAtaneA zaka rAkhavAnI meAkko na maLata; kema ke khalajI khAnadAnanA kAI AdamI rahyona hatA tethI tagalaka takhta upara beThA. ane e banAva paNa mane ibna atUtA taraphathI jANavAne maLyuM| jemaNe makkAmAM e khAnadAnanA lokA ( malekAjahAM vagere)ne joyAM hatAM. tethI huM ema teA kahevA nathI mAgatA ke A banAva malata che, paraMtu sabhavita che ke nIce byAna karavAmAM Ave che te banAvanI sAthe sAcA Thare. e manAva altamazanA jamAnAmAM banyA hatA. ane banavAjoga che ke zammudIna altamazanA murzida athavA te tenI mA hajja mATe jatAM hAya ane sanjaranI nAkAmiyAbInuM vera levAnA IrAdAthI vIradhavaLane Ama karavAnI pharaja pADI hAya. mirAte ahamadImAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke sulatAna sarjare sAta hajAranuM lazkara ApI alakhAnane naheravAlA phateha 1. mirAte ahamadI bhA. 2, pR0 73 20

Page #318
306 ] gujarAtano itihAsa karavA mATe ravAnA karyo. jyAre te paheo tyAre nahAvAlAnA rAjA hardamelI vAghelAe teno mukAbalo karyo. pAMca varasa agiyAra mahinA paryata laDAI cAlu rahI. paraMtu nikAla thAya te pahelAM sulatAna sanjaranuM avasAna thayuM tethI alaphakhAna rAjA pAsethI thoDuM ghaNuM laI sajara tarapha pAcho pharyo. majakUra saradAre killA sAme je masjida taiyAra karI hatI temAM tArIkhI zere A che, temAMthI hi. sa. 655 mAlUma paDe che - binANuda masjide jAme munavvara, nabAzada mizle ja dara muke dIgara. khalIlullAha. dara makkA haramasAnta, bamislaza darapaTana zuda baMne khuzatara. bAhare naharavAlA dAre IslAma, zudA marijada bahukama zAhe saravara. bapharkaza arza mIgadaMda phalakavAra, barAye dIdane miharAba mimbara. harIme kAbA zuda dara dAre IslAma, " ke ahasanatila madAIna gasta bahetara. binAsuda khAnA ajha anne khudAvaMda, ' buge ajha lazke hAdI te akabara, binA kardasta AlI be IslAma, - abU ronaka zudA dIne payambara. basane zaza so pannAha paMja bUka, che hijarata saiyade sAlAre mahari. rasAna dara mahe jhIkAdA ItmAma, alaphakhAna nAmavara sultAna sarjara. 1. mirAte mohammadI, 50 32

Page #319
musalamAnonA humalA [ 307 [ arthAta rozanadAra jAme masjida baMdhAI? tenA jevA bIjA mulakamAM nathI. alAhanA mitra (abrahAme) makkAmAM harama (pavitra jagyA) baMdhAvI, tenA jevuM pATaNamAM suMdara makAna thayuM. IslAmanA ghara naravAlA zaheramAM agragaNya zAhanA hukamathI masjida thaI teno mimbara ane meharAba jevAne navamuM svarga (khudAnuM sthAna) tenI Toca upara AkAzanI mAphaka phare che. IslAmanA dezamAM te kAbAnI pavitra jagyA thaI ane te tamAma zaheramAM uttama thayuM. khudAvanda (pAdazAha)nA hukamathI A makAna baMdhAyuM. hAdI te akabara" zabdomAMthI enI tArIkha nIkaLe che. teNe eka IslAmanuM AlIzAna makAna baMdhAvyuM che. tenA vaDe paigambarano dIna (dharma) ronakadAra thaye. e kyAmatanA AgevAna saiyada (mehammada paigambara sala. nI hijarata pachI 655 ) nI sAlamAM banyuM. te jhIkAdA mahinAmAM sulatAna sanjaranA nAmacIna AdamI alaphakhAne pUruM karAvyuM.] mirAte mohammadIe AnA upara TIkA karI che ke A samaya I. sa. 1257 (hi. sa. 655), vAghelA rAjA vIradhavaLane hoya ema jaNAya che. "dharaLa" rAjA te vAghelA khAnadAnamAM kAI thayo paNa nathI. nAmamAM mirAte ahamadInI bhUla mAlUma paDe che. ane hAMsiyAmAM lakhyuM che ke "dharoLanuM nAma khuda mirAte ahamadInI hiMdu rAjAonI pharistamAM nathI, temaja tArIkhe IslAmamAM alaphakhAna sulatAna sajaranuM nAma nathI. prathama te e bAbata jaNAvavAnI icchA rAkhuM chuM ke mirAte mohammadIe "hamela"nI jagyAe viradhavaLa nAma lakhyuM che e

Page #320
308 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa paNa satya nathI, kAraNa ke vIradhavaLa hi. sa. 655 pahelAM maraNa pAmyA hatA, tenuM avasAna mirAte mehammadI pramANe (. sa. 1238 hi. sa. 636) ane khIjAAdhAra pramANe i. sa. 1242 (hi. sa.640) che. te uparAMta tenI rAjadhAnI dheALakA hatI. te vakhata pata pATaNa tenA kabajAmAM na hatuM, paraMtu pATaNa te vakhate vIsaLadevanA kabajAmAM hatuM. ane pahelA banAva i. sa. 1257 (hi. sa. 655) ne che. te pachI asala banAva laIe. temAM saMkhyAbaMdha khAkhatA vicAra karavA jevI che. pahelAM te e ke sulatAna sanjara kANu hatA ? meAhammada gajhanavI pachI suSutagInanA vaMzanA AkharI bAdazAha paryaMta kAI zakhsa A nAmathI gajhanavI bAdazAha nathI thayA. vaLI alakhAna sanjara nAmaneA kAI sipAhasalAra paNa maLate nathI. sarjIka khAnadAnamAM eka khAdazAha '"sanjara" nAmaneA jarUra thayA che, paraMtu tArIkhamAM e vAta cokkasa che ke tenI phaje gajhanAthI kadI AgaLa AvI na hatI. gArI khAnadAnanA jeTalA sulatAne! thayA teomAM kAInuM nAma "sanjara" na hatuM. gulAma vaMzamAM kutbI ke zasIemAM paNa "sanjara" nAma na hatuM. ane kRtbuddIna ardha eka paryaMta krAIpaNa sipAhusAlAranuM nAma paNa "sanjara" na hatuM.1 zamsI [zammuddIna altamaza avasAna I. sa. 1235 (hi. sa. 633) ]nA jamAnAmAM alabatta keTalAe amaladAronAM nAma "sanjara" che, je nIce pramANe cheH 1. maleka tAjuddIna asa~lAnakhAna sanjara khArajhamIH--A zakhsane ikhtiyArumulka abubakra misara ke eDanathI kharIdI dilhI lAvyA hatA ane altamaze . kharIda karI tenI judA judA hAddA upara nimaNUMka karI. runudIna ane sulatAnA rajhiyAnA samayamAM paNa ayeAdhyA ane paMjAbamAM te hAkema rahyo. sulatAna nAsiruddIna mahamUdanA samayamAM I. sa. 1258 (hi. sa. 657) mAM teNe baLavA 1. takhakAte nAsirI--sultAnAnI pheharista

Page #321
musalamAnonA humalA [389 karyo. mALavA ane kAliMjara tarapha jaI pharIthI te baMgALA cAlyo gayo. maleka IjhuddIna balabane Akhare tene giraphatAra karI mArI nAkhyo. 2. maleka tAjuddIna sajara tabarakhAnane zamasuddIna altamazana samayamAM kharIda karavAmAM Avyo hato. muijhuddIne tene tabelAne dArUgoLa banAvyo, ane sulatAna nAsiruddIne tene nAyaba amIra banAvyuM. tyArapachI te judA judA sUbAne hAkema thayo. te sulatAna balabana sAthe mevAta paryata gayo ane I. sa. 1259 (hi. sa. 658) sudhI te hayAta hato. 3. maleka tAjuddIna sajara kubatakhAna ati baLavAna hato. ekI vakhate be ghoDA upara kaI vakhata A upara ane kaI vakhate te upara te savArI karato. I. sa. 1242 (hi. sa. 640)mAM judA judA hoddA upara dilhI ane adhyAmAM rahyo. tenI umaranA AkharI hissAmAM te bihAra gayo ane killAnI bhIMta nIce eka tIrathI jakhkhI thaI maraNa pAmyo. 4. maleka tAjuddIna sanjara kalakane zamsaddInanA samayamAM kharIda karI jAmAdAra banAvavAmAM Avyo; sulatAna rajhiyAnA samayamAM badAyUnane hAkema thayo. I. sa. 1242 (hi. sa. 640) mAM kAliMjara phateha karavAnI taiyArI te karI rahyo hato tyAre lokoe IrSyAthI tene pAnamAM jhera ApyuM ane thoDA ja divasamAM tenuM avasAna thayuM. 5. maleka tAjuddIna, sajara kajhalakakhAna-jyAre sulatAna zamsaddIna altamaza badAyunane hAkema hatA tyAre teNe kubuddIna ke 1. tabelAnA dArUgane hoddo purANuM jamAnAmAM ghaNuM meTa gaNAte hato ane sAdhAraNa mANasane A jagyA maLatI nahatI. te samaye ghaDA upara ja sarva AdhAra rahete hato tethI A dara ghaNuM ja UMco gaNuta hato.

Page #322
310] gujarAtane ItihAsa zihAbuddIna gArInA samayamAM tene kharIdyo ane pitAnA bALakanI sAthe tenI paravariza karI. te javAna thayo tyAre judA judA hoddA bhegavyA pachI tabelAnA dArUgA (je te samaye eka moTe he do hatA) tarIke tenI nimaNUka karavAmAM AvI. i. sa. 1227 (hi. sa625) mAM nijhAmubhulaka mohammada junayadI vajhIra sAthe siMdha gaye ane eka pachI eka tamAma siMdhano kabajo lIdho. sulatAne tyAM ja tene hAkema banAvyo. teNe paNa mulkanI barAbara vyavasthA karI. I. sa. 1230 (hi. sa628 ) mAM sulatAna ane gujarAta tene havAle karavAmAM AvyA. I. sa. 1231 (hi. sa. 629) mAM tenuM avasAna thayuM. uparanA ullekha uparathI mAlUma paDaze ke zamasuddInanA samayamAM phakta kajhalakakhAna sajara hato, jenA vize kahevAya che ke tene gujarAta tarapha moklavAmAM Avyo hato. ane kaI sajjara vizeno tavArIkhamAM ullekha Avato nathI ke jeNe gujarAta upara humalo karyo che. tethI judAM judAM kAraNone laIne eTaluM te mAnavuM paDaze ke sulatAna sajara "mirAte ahamadI mAM paNa kajhalakakhAna sajA che. [1] prathama to Aja sajjara nAmane eka zakhsa maLe che, jeNe e sadImAM gujarAta upara humalo karyo hato. [] A ja zansa che ke jene mulatAna ane "u" arthAt siMdhanA hAkema banAvavAmAM Avyo hato, ane ghaNuM karIne tyAMthI ja teNe pheja naharavAlA mokalI hatI. evuM samarthana mirAte ahamadInA AdhAra parathI thAya che ke maulAnA yAkUba alaphakhAna sanjaranI sAthe "Tha" [siMdhIthI nahAravAlA pATaNa AvyA hatA ane tyAM ja te rahyA. [3] e ja zabyu che ke jeNe i. sa. 1231 (hi. sa. 628) mAM nahAravAlA pATaNa upara caDAI karI, ane I. sa. 1262 (hi.

Page #323
musalamAnonA humalA [311 sa. 629)mAM maraNa pAme. mirAte ahamadImAM alaphakhAna sanjaranuM pAchA pharavAnuM kAraNa e ja che. arthAt sulatAna sanjaranuM avasAna i. sa. 1231 (hi sa. 629) mAM ane caDAInI sAla i. sa. 1230 (hi. sa. 628) ane masjidanI sAla I. sa. 1250 (hi. sa. 656) che. baMnemAM lagabhaga 27 varasane taphAvata che. te mArA dhAravA mujaba eno javAba e che ke masjidane pAyo sajaranA samayamAM naMkhAya, paraMtu A masjida hi. sa. 656 (I. sa. 1258) mAM khatama thaI, kAraNa ke alaphakhAna apUrNa choDI cAlyA gaye hato. A mArA khyAlane e ja zilAlekha uparanI zere uparathI samarthana maLe che, jemAMnI eka ze'ra nIce mujaba che : eka kaDI-"zudA masjida bahukama zAhe saravara" [ agragaNya zAhanA hukamathI masjida thaI]. eka bIjI kaDI A che: "binA zada khAnA ajha anne khudAvada" [ arthAt makAna khudAvandanA hukamathI baMdhAyuM che. ] e baMne kaDI uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke sulatAnanA hukamathI ene pAyo nAMkhavAmAM Avyo hato. AkharI ze'ramAM te khatama thayAne samaya batAvavAmAM AvyA che ke "rasAndA dara maha jhIkAdA itmAma" [arthAta hi. sa. 655 [I. sa. 1257nA jhulkAdA mAsamAM khatama thaI.] Ane dAkhalo mArI najara AgaLa A ja mulakamAM che eTale ke maMgabhera [mAMgaLa] ijhudIne phIrojhazAha taghalakane jamAnAmAM I. sa. 1368 (hi. sa. 770)mAM phateha karyuM ane tenI yAdagIrI tarIke jAme masjidano pAyo nAMkhavAmAM Avyo; paraMtu I. sa. 1383 [hi. sa785mAM te khatama thaI. 1. mirAte ahamadI bhA. 2 pR0 ha3, muMbaI

Page #324
312 ] gujarAtanA itihAsa ane ati saMbhavita che ke sulatAna sanjaranA avasAna bAda tenuM AMdhakAma gujarAtanA rAjAe aTakAvI pAyuM hoya ane tyArapachI eka arasA pachI AbarUdAra musalamAnonI siphArizathI te pUrI karAvI hoya. trIjI carcAyAgya vAta e che ke sulatAna sanjara jAte AvyeA hateA ke tenA amaladAra ? tabakAte nAsirImAMthI ema mAlUma paDe che ke sanjara khuda gujarAtamAM AvyA hatA, jemAM te lakhe che keH "tyArapachI je varase te mulatAna gayA te ja sAla hi. sa. 628 nA mahinAomAM gujarAta ane mulatAna tene soMpavAmAM AvyAM. tyAMthI te pAchA pharyA tyAre kaharAmane sUe tene suprata karavAmAM AvyA. gheADA vakhata pachI takharahiMdanA lAkA tene havAle karavAmAM AvyA."1 paraMtu huM ene satya mAnatA nathI. gujarAtI tavArIkhamAMthI sAbita thAya che ke te samaye gujarAta upara rAjA bhIma rAjya karatA hateA. phateha pahelAM mulatAna ane ucha (si Mdha) nAsiruddIna khAcAnI hakUmata nIce hatAM. I. sa. 1226 (hi. sa. 624) mAM ucha (arthAt siMdha) jItAyuM ane i. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625) mAM tyAMnI hakUmata tene maLI. I. sa. 1230 (hi. sa. 628) mAM gujarAta ane mulatAna peAtAnI sattA nIce lAvavAnA hukama karyo. ane I. sa. 1231 (hi. sa. 629) mAM te marI gayA. AvI vastusthiti hAvA chatAM gujarAta pAchA pharyA pachI kAharAmanA samA ane gheADI mudata pachI tabarahiM tene soMpavAmAM AvyuM e kAIpaNa rIte satya nathI. tyArapachI bIjI jagyAe i. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625)ne mATe lakhe che ke jyAre vajIra dilhI tarapha cAlye! gayA ane tene sakhedAra banAvavAmAM AvyA tyAre teNe sUbAnI kharAkhara vyavasthA karI prajAne klAsA ApyA, sahIsalAmatI kAyama karI, 1. tabakAte nAsirI pR0 232, kalakattA

Page #325
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 313 raiyata ane mulkane insApha vaDe sukhI banAvyAM, ane thADA samaya pachI imAnadArI sAthe i. sa. 1231 (hi. sa. 629)mAM maraNa pAmyA. A .myAna uparathI ema jaNAya che ke sUbedArInA hAdA upara AvyAnI zarUAta I. sa. 1227 ( hi.sa. 625) thI avasAna I. sa. 1231 ( hi.sa. 629 ) paMta te siMdhamAM rahyo. AvI paristhitimAM gujarAta pAchA pharyA pachI I. sa. 1230 (hi. sa. 628 )mAM kAharAma ane tabarahiMdanI sUbedArI kevI rIte saMbhavita haiAya? tethI huM dhAruM chuM ke e nusakhA sAcA nathI. athavA te tabakAtanA kartAe A mAmalAmAM banAvA AgaLa pAchaLa karI dIdhA che. arthAt kAharAma ane tabarahiMdanI sUbedArI asala te| siMdhanI sUbedArIthI pahelAMne banAva che. ane enA krama A pramANe che ke te zarUAtamAM cAsaNIdAra (khANu pIrasavAnI vyavasthA karanAra), tyArapachI tabelAneA dArUgA ane te bAda kAharAmanA sUme thaye| ane te pachI takharahiMdane ilAkA tene suprata karavAmAM AvyeA. A sava I. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625) pahelAM thayuM. I. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625)mAM sidha ane tyArapachI mulatAna ane gujarAta tenA kabjAmAM AvyAM. paraMtu keTalAka arasAthI sidhamAM khAnAjagI jArI rahI hatI. pahelAM te kamAcA ane kutbuddIna aI eka vacce laDAI cAlatI rahI. te pachI mAMgALa ane khArajhamazAhanI caDAI AvI. ane Akhare altamazanI laDAine lai ne muzka parezAna thayA. te uparAMta meAgalo (tArA)nA humalAne haMmezAM bhaya rahetA hatA. tethI e vAta ghaNI jarUrI hatI ke kAi lAyaka hAkema ahIM rahI mulkane sahIsalAmata ane AbAda kare, ane sAmanAnI taiyArI hamezAM rAkhe. A uparathI sApha sApha mAlUma paDe che ke maleka tAjuddIna sanjara khuda si MdhamAM ja rahyo hata ane potAnA eka amaladArane gujarAta phateha karavA mATe me!kalI ApyA hatA. te sanjaranA maraNa pa ta tyAM rahyo, a avasAnanI

Page #326
314] gujarAtano ItihAsa khabara sAMbhaLI pAcho AvI gaye. mukAma daramiyAna teNe sajjaranA hukamathI masjidane pAyo nAkhyo, je kAma I. sa. 1257 (hi. sa. 655)mAM pUruM thayuM. A khyAna uparathI sAphasApha jaNAya che ke humalo karanAra gujarAtamAM varasa cha mahinAthI vadhu rahyo nahi. tethI mite ahamadInI e vigata sAcI nathI ke pAMca varasa ane agiyAra mahinA paryata sAtahajAra phoja vaDe pATaNane ghere cAlu rAkhyo. je e mAnavAmAM Ave te A phojanI pAchaLathI madada barAbara AvatI rahI. te chatAM paNa e samajavuM joIe ke vAghelA khAnadAna te vakhate ghaNuM tAktavara hatuM ane varadhavaLa jevo bahAdura rAjA I. sa. 1230 (hi. sa. 628) mAM gujarAtamAM hayAta hatA, jenA vajIre garIne eka lAkha pheja vaDe jhabaradasta hAra ApI hatI. ane e paNa mAnI levAmAM Ave ke bhImadeva ane vAghelA khAnadAna vacce ghaNuM duzmanAvaTa hatI, tema chatAM paNa keIpaNa rIte aTakaLa karI zakAtI nathI ke cha varasa paryata bhImadevanA zira upara AvI musIbata rahI hoya ane bhImadeve vAghelA khAnadAnane A musIbata vakhate paNa mitra banAvavAnI koziza na karI hoya. kharI vAta e che ke mirAte ahamadInI najaramAM mogala pAdazAhanAM pharamAna ane te samayanI marAThAonI laDAI hatI, tethI bIjI vAtamAM ghaNI jagyAe teNe bedarakArI batAvI che. jemake zekha muijhudIna sulemAna zahIdanA jIvananA banAvomAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che ke alAuddIna khalajI pite majakUra zekha sAthe gujarAta phateha karavAne Avyo hato. e vAta sAcI nathI. paraMtu ulUgakhAna je alAuddInano uttama sipAhasolAra hato teNe te jItyuM hatuM. jemake khuda mirAte ahamadInI zarUAtanA bhAgamAM "IslAma kALa"nA mathALA nIce ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che. sauthI AkharI UMDe vicAra karavA jevI bAbata e che ke A zilAlekha jemAM zere lakhavAmAM 1 mirAte ahamadI bhA. 2, pR. 72, muMbaI

Page #327
musalamAnenA humalA [ 315 AvI che te zuM hi. sa. 655 (I. sa. 1257) ne che ? mAruM dhAravuM ema che ke emAM paNa satya nathI. e zere pharIthI vicArapUrvaka vAMcavAthI sAphasApha jaNAI Ave che ke te zere bAdamAM lakhAyelI che. temAM "dArUla IslAma " zabda vAraMvAra Ave che. jemake eka kaDImAM A pramANe che : "ba zahare nahAravAlA dAre IslAma " (IslAmanuM ghara naharavAlA zaheramAM ). eka bIjI kaDI che ke - harIme kAbA zuda dare IslAma" (IralAmanuM ghara kAbAnuM pavitra sthaLa thayuM). savAla e upasthita thAya che ke naharavAlA pATaNa te samaye (hi. sa. 628 ke hi. sa. 6papamAM) dArUla sliAma kayAre hatuM ? tamAma tavArIkhamAM e vAta nakkI ja che ke alAuddIna khalajI (hi. sa. 697-i. sa. 1297) pahelAM e zahera dArUIslAmAM thayuM nahatuM. te ja samayano vidvAna musAphara mohammada phI je I.sa. 127 (hi. sa. 625)mAM khuda khaMbhAtamAM jAte mojuda hato, ane potAnI kitAba jAmelihikAyAta je I. sa. 1227 (hi. sa. 625)thI i. sa. 1232 (hi. sa. 630) sudhImAM racavAmAM AvI hatI, temAM teNe lakhyuM che ke maTI AzA che ke jaldI bAdazAha zamasudIna......altamaza A mulaka (arthAta gujarAta) chate." A uparathI ema jaNAyuM ke e samaya i. sa. 1227(hi. sa. 625) thI I. sa. 1232 (hi. sa. 630 ) paryata e mulaka jitAyo na hato, ane islAmanA bAdazAhanI sattA bahAra hato. te samaye pATaNamAM bIje bhImadeva ane dhoLakAmAM vAghelA khAnadAna 1. nAmekalikAyAta hastalikhita, pR0 88

Page #328
316 ] gujarAtano ItihAsa hatAM. khuda mirAte ahamadIne AdhAra paNa e ja che ke sanjaranA avasAnanI khabarane laIne majida adhUrI rahI ane pATaNa vagara chatye rAjA pAsethI kaMI laI amaladAra pAcho cAlyo gaye, tethI AvI paristhitimAM ene dArUIslAma kevI rIte kahI zakIe ? mArA khyAla mujaba A zilAlekha alAuddIna khalajInA samayamAM maleka sanjara alapakhAnane che, je I. sa. 1297 (hi. sa. 697) mAM gujarAtano pahele hAkema hato. Ama mAnavAthI hareka saMzaya dUra thAya che. e samaye naravAlA dArUlaIslAma paNa hatuM, ane mulkanA hAkemanuM nAma sajara ane khitAba alapakhAna hatuM. tyAra pachI alapakhAnanuM alaphakhAna thayuM. 1. hijarI sAtamI sadInI zarUAta ane madhyamAM evo kaI bAdazAha sAmAnya tArIkhamAM maLato nathI jeNe gujarAta upara caDAI karI hoya, jenuM nAma sajara hoya ane jene amaladAra alapakhAna hAya. 2. zansI samayamAM jeTalA amaladAronAM nAma sanjara maLe che teomAM phakta kajhalakakhAna ja che jenA samayamAM gujarAta upara humalo thayo hoya. saMbhavita che ke A gujarAta paMjAbamAM AveluM gujarAta hoya. 3. maleka sanjara kajhalakakhAna siMdhanA hAkemanA hAtha nIcenA eka amaladAre gujarAta upara humalo karyo ane zaheranA keTanI bahAra te jamAnAmAM eka masjidane pAye nAMkhyo. hi. sa. 628 (I. sa. 1230) 4. sajjaranA avasAnane laIne masjida adhUrI rahI ane pATaNa jitAyA vagara rahyuM ane amaladAra pAche cAlyA gaye. hi. sa. 628 (I. sa. 1231). pa. maulAnA yAkUba sAheba e ja amaladAranI sAthe "ThAthI

Page #329
musalamAnenA humalA [317 pATaNa AvyA hatA ane e ja majidamAM upadeza karatA rahyA. hi. sa 55 (I. sa. 1257) ( 6. hi. sa. 655 (I. sa. 1257)mAM A masjidanuM bAMdhakAma pUruM thayuM. 7. masjidane zilAlekha maleka sajjara alapakhAnanA samayane che. naravAlA jitAyA bAda dArUlaIslAma hi. sa. 697 (I. sa. 1297)mAM thaI cUkayuM hatuM. paraMtu masjida pUrI thayAnI tArIkha yAdagIrI tarIke rahevA dIdhI. 8. siMdhanA ane gujarAtanA hAkemonAM nAma sajara hatAM tethI saMzayane sthAna maLe che. : 4 : sulatAna giyAsuddIna balabana balabana kharekhara eka gulAma hato jene turkastAnamAMthI bagadAdamAM lAvavAmAM Avyo hato tyAra pachI khAjA jamAluddIna basarI bagadAdathI bhImadeva bIjAnA samayamAM tene gujarAtamAM lAvyA (kadAca khaMbhAtamAM lAvyA haze,) ane keTaloka samaya tyAM rahI dilhI laI gayA. I. sa. 1232 (hi. sa. 630 )mAM altamazane te vecI devAmAM Avyo. sulatAna giyAsudIna balabana jeNe I. sa. 1268 (hi. sa. 666)thI vIsa varasa paryata rAjya karyuM hatuM tenA darabAramAM saltanatanA staMbhee mALavA ane gujarAta phateha karavAnI darakhAsta karI hatI, paraMtu duraMdezI sulatAne tene svIkAra karyo nahi ane kahyuM ke tAbAnA mulkanI jyAMsudhI umadA vyavasthA na hoya tyAM sudhI bIjA mulakano lobha karavAmAM rAjakIya DahApaNa nathI. vaLI gujarAta upara humalo na karavAnuM eka bIjuM kAraNa e hatuM ke e jamAnAmAM tArI megalanuM baLa vadhAre hatuM. teo vAraMvAra humalo karI hiMdustAnamAM ghUsavAnI IcchA rAkhatA hatA. balabana eka anubhavI 1. tabakAte nAsirI, kalakattA

Page #330
18] gujarAtano ItihAsa sipAhI ane cAlAka mutsaddI hato. te sArI rIte samajAtuM hatuM ke je phatehene daravAje huM boluM te mulkanI bAbatamAM gAphela samajI mogalo satvara sarahadI IlAkAmAM ghUsI jaze. tethI teNe phatehane badale mulkI InijhAmanuM kAma pasaMda karyuM. giyAsuddIna balabananA sikko-e sikko jUnAgaDhathI maLe. nIcene sikko dilhImAM hi. sa. 689 mAM pADavAmAM Avyo. ekabAjU bIjIbAjU am sutAnulu Ajhama alaImAma gayAsuddaduniyA vaddIna alamustasima amIrUla mominIna abula mujhaphara babane asasulatAna sulatAna gayAsudIna babina bagarakhAna (je baMgALane hAkema hatA.) meIjhuddIna kekAbAda zasudIna kaikAusa - e jamAnAmAM jUnAgaDhamAM mAya ghaLucInI masjida taiyAra thaI. hAlamAM e sthaLa atyAranA jUnAgaDhathI thoDe cheTe che ane eka verAna jagyAmAM che. tenI AsapAsa keTalIka kabare che, kaMI khAsa rIte jaNAyuM nahi ke "mAya ghaLunzI" koNa hatI ane A majida sAthe tene zuM saMbaMdha che, ane tenI sAla kaI che. game te hoya, paraMtu A masjidanuM asala bAraNuM paDI gayuM che. phakta thoDe ja bhAga bAkI che je uparathI eTaluM mAluma paDe che ke majida, yA te

Page #331
musalamAneAnA humalA [ 319 enA kampAunDamAM dAkhala thavAne A asala daravAjo hatA, tenAthI AgaLa cAlatAM asala masjida che, e masjida mAmUlI jAtanI che. ImArata paththaranI che. te nAnI che, hareka taraphathI tUTatI jAya che, paraMtu pANIsAtase| varasanI purANI ImAratanA rakSaNatA khyAla, asAsa che ke riyAsatanA kAI paNu amaladArane AvyA nahi. hAlanA madhyanA bAraNA upara je miharAba che. te upara lakhavAmAM AvyuM che keH "" A mubAraka masjida banAvavAnA hukama hi. sa. 685 (I. sa. 1286)mAM udAra khujha hAjI aphImuddIna amulakAsima Ibna alI ie ApyA. te khudA pAsethI tenAthI khuza rahe evI AzA rAkhe che; hi. sa. 685 (I. sa. 1296 ). khudA te kabUla kare ane tene ane tenAM mAbApane kSamA Ape. e uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke alAuddIna khalajInI gujarAtanI phateha pahelAM dhaNA vakhata agAu musalamAnee ahI vasavATa karI dIdhA hatA ane ema paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che ke musalamAneAnI vastInI saMkhyA dhaNI meATI haze, ane tethI eka masjidanI jarUra lAgI haze. hakUmata peAtAnI na hatI tethI e masjida ghaNu karIne Ama janatA taraphathI taiyAra karavAmAM AvI haze. banAvanAra ghaNuM karIne kAi mAladAra vepArI che. nAmanI sAthe je khitAmA che. te uparathI ema jaNAya che ke te kAI AbarUdAra gRhastha che ane tamAma musalamAnane saradAra (arthAt kAjhI) paNa che. Ibna khatUtA ane masaudI vagere taraphathI ema jANavAnu maLe che ke hiMdamAM jyAM jyAM musalamAnAnI hakUmata na hatI ane vepAra sabaMdhane laine ahIM... khaMbhAta, bharUca, geAdharA, cisUru, malabAra vagere sthaLAmAM vasavATa karyAM hatA, tyAM hakUmata taraphathI musalamAnAmAMthI sauthI vadhAre vidvAna ane teka AdamIne

Page #332
kara0] gujarAtane itihAsa mukhI (ke kAjhI) tarIke mukarara karavAmAM Avato hato. ema jaNAya che ke hAjI akIdona abulakAsima IjI paNa e ja lekamAMthI hatA, jeo jUnAgaDhamAM vepArI tarIke rahyA hatA. ghaNuM karIne A musalamAnone vepAra somanAtha ane mAMgaroLanAM baMdara mAraphata IrAna ane basarA sAthe haze. teo ghaNuM karIne IrAkI ghoDA vecavAne AvatA hatA. jemake somanAthamAM araba musApharo (vepArIo)nAM jahAjhanI lUMTa mATenA kSemarAjane I. sa. 866 (hi. sa. 252)nA mazahUra banAva uparathI e vize mAluma paDe che.