Vaishali Institute Research Bulletin 3

Author(s): R P Poddar
Publisher: Research Institute of Prakrit Jainology & Ahimsa Mujjaffarpur

Page 45

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VAISHALI RESEARCH BULLETIN NO.3
think of begging a third robe? while one who possesses single robe and a bowl should not think of begging a second robe.8
The Byhatkalpasūtra Bhasya and the Acarāngasūtra throw considerable light on various types of upper and lower garments of the Jain monks. The BỊhatkalpasātra Bhāsya' enjoins the change of garments on four occasions such as the clothes changed daily (nityanivasana ), the washed clothes changed after taking bath ( majjanikam ), the clothes worn while attending fairs and festivities (kšanotsavikam ) and the clothes w rn while visiting kings and nobles ( räjadvärikam ).
The Acarangasūtrato mentions that the upper and the lower garments of the Jain monks consisted of Jangiya or janghika, bhangiya or bhangika, saniya or śanika, pottaga or pottaka, khomiya tula or tulakada and tiridlapatra. The jāngiya or janghika was some sort of woolem cloth while the bhangiya or bhangika was either linen or woolen cloth.11 The saniya or sanika was hemp cloth. According to J. C. Jain, 12 pottaga or pottaka was palm-leaf cloth but Motichandra13 has identified it with cotton cloth. The terms khomiya, tula or tulakada occur in the list of J. C Jain, 14 who has identified them with linen cloth. The term tiridapatra or tiritapatta is noticed only in the list of Motichandra15 who has identified it with a cloth made from the bark of the Tirita tree.
The Brhatkalpasūtra Bhas yall enjoins further that the poor jain monks and the royal princes who adopted this religion were allowed a certain amount of liberty in respect of their garments. Probably they were free to use even the prohibited garments. It seems that the Jain church, at least in the later phase of its development, took into consideration the comforts and conveniences of the princely class, probably to encourage them to join this church. Since it was difficult for them to sleep in coarse clothes they were allowed the soft ones till they got used to the ascetic's garment. The monks were also allowed to use Kamarband (paryastaka ) or Katibanda and gopalakañchuka (a long coat ) in special circumstances.
7. Ibid., 7,5. 213. 8. Ibid., 7, 6.215. 9. Brhat kalpasūtra Bhāsya, 1. 644. 10. Acanragasūtra. 2, 5.1, 364, 368. 11. 7ISOA, Vol. XI-1944, p. 28. 12. Jain, J.C., Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain canons, p. 132. 13. JISOA, Vol. XII, 1944, p. 28. 14. Jain, J.C. Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the fain canons, p. 132. 15. ISOA, Vol. XII, 1944, p. 28. 16. Brhat Kalpa Satrn Bhas ya, 4. 3905, 3906, 3914. 17. Ibid., 4.5968, 3793. (Gopala Kanchuka was used by a monk while
attending on a sick nun).