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seems to have been forgotten in this age. He records the traditional Jain belief that no one can achieve mokṣa in this era. He then pities those who believe that liberation can be achieved only by going through the rituals and also pities the pedants who believe that it is knowledge of the scripture that alone can. · liberate. According to him ritualists are those who'indulge in rituals, without knowing the purpose of rituals and without any understanding of the inner self,36 while the pedants think and say that bondage and liberation are only imagination. Such pedandts are generally, internally. full of attachment. They say so because they know and talk of the theoretical'statement that the soul is always free and pure. Both the types of persons have to remember that liberation is the result of both knowledge and action (jñānakriyābhyām mokṣaḥ). Renunciation of worldly life is useful, if it is accompanied by knowledge of self or at least if it is done with the purpose of acquiring such knowledge. 37 Unless, the renunciation is internal or mental, one cannot expect to achieve ātmajížāna. He gives a warning to the aspirant that one cannot achieve the goal of realization of the self unless one surrenders to the good and pious teacher, forgetting one's own thinking and beliefs, regarding spirituality. 38 Śrímad further explains the importance of a pious
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