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in a right or proper manner. In order to understand and explain them rightly and proeprly, one has to cultivate non-attachment and subsidence of passions. These and other practices and preachings which generate indifference to the worldly or mundane life are called 'Upadeśabodha.'An aspirant has to first study, practise and digest them.92 He further points out that if the perverse intelligence of an aspirant is only used to understand and explain metaphysical things, the latter too will appear perverse and distorted, because the perception and vision of such aspirant is blurred because of attachment and passions. If they are very strong, the perception and vision will be more defective and such aspirant will never understand or comprehend the metaphysical things properly and rightly.
The perverse intelligence being due to ego, attachment and passions, the perversity subsides with the rise of non-attachment and subsidence of passions. Non-attachment to family, possessions etc., is called ‘vairāgya’. Reduction in passions and maintaining equanimity even in adverse conditions is called ‘upasama'. These two qualities develop right intelligence, which can understand and explain metaphysical things and concepts. Vairāgya and upasama produce discriminatory powers (viveka) in
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