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is devoid of any virtues or qualities of soul. Such a preceptor does not value scriptures, preceptors' advice, or non-attachment (vairāgya) and other useful religious practices like, worship, observances of vows, Meditation or chanting of mantras, but just presumes that he is very learned and behaves as he likes, even licentiously.
(8) Such persons do not have knowledge nor they observe any rituals. They cannot'avoid re-birth, and are obstinate about their own opinions and views. Such persons are very unfortunate, because they do not pacify and reduce their passions, nor they have any nonattachment in their heart nor are they straightforward or balanced and therefore they do not qualify to be real aspirants of liberation.',. .
5. The Qualities of a Pious Preceptor (sadguru) :
Mahāvīra has said that firm faith in existence of soul and knowledge about the 'soul (ātņa-jñāna) are essential to be a monk or a saint. He says, “Whére there is right faith, there is monkhood”. Same view is maintained by Śrīmad. He says : Only such a monk can be called a pious preceptor as has right faith, others are only family-gurus (kulagurus) having no knowledge of soul and are unable to guide anybody to achieve the
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