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school, apply the term Dhvani to Vācakaśabdas (the words) and the Vācyārtha (the expressed meaning) that jointly and severally suggest the implied meaning (Pratiyamānārtha). Abhinavagupta very ingenuously comprehends all the four elements - Sabda, Artha, Vyäpāra and Vyañgya - within the connotation of the term Dhvani. This is what Mammata means when he notes in the Kavyaprakāśa (1. 4 ff) "Budhaiḥ... sabdarthayugalasya", in fact, Mammata's words in K. P. 1. 4 ff. restate in a somewhat compact and technical way the words of the Dhvanyaloka (1. 13 ff); and under "Bhaktyä bibharti naikatvam rūpabhedādayam dhvanih" Anandavardhana explicitly states that "Suggestion is the unindirectional communication of a sense other than the expressed by both the expressed sense and the expression when Vyangya is pre-eminent."
It should be noted that according to the Dhvani-theorists, a word can be merely Vācaka or merely Lākşanika, but it can never be merely Vyañjaka. In other words, the Vyargyārtha can never be revealed by a word without at the same time expressing a Vācya sense or conveying a Laksya sense, i.e., Vyañjanā must be accompained by either Laksaņā or Abhidhā. To put it in different words, the Sabdi Vyanjanā is either Laksaņāmūlā or Abhidhämūlā. The Vyangya sense or the Pratiyamāna sense of a word happens to be in addition to and not in lieu of the Vācyārtha or Laksyārtha. In the case of a suggested sense, we have to assume two powers to be possessed by a word simultaneously, i.e., Vyanjana and Laksanā or Vyañjana and Abhidhä. The Pradipa commentary calls Sābdi Vyanjanā as sabdanistha and says it is Abhidhamūlā and Lakşaņāmülā. Now in Lakşaņāmālāvyanjana we should not suppose that Lakşaņā is the cause of Vyañjanā, but it is only a Sahakärin of it. Thus the motive or Prayojana in instances of Lakşaņā such as Gangayām ghoşah or kuntāḥ pravišanti is apprehended by Vyañjanā from the word Gangā and not by Abhidhā (as there is no Sanketa in Gangā for the Prayojana) or Laksaņā which only conveys the Tața. Thus coolness etc. is revealed by
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