________________
Thus, not only in a whole poem but in a single sentence, it is possible to remove rivalry of Rasas by introducing a third friendly Rasa. In the next three verses i(192, 193 & 194), all cited in the Kavyaprakāśa in the same connection, between two opposing Rasas, a third Rasa is introduced and thus the poetic blemish is averted. Hemachandra explains in the Viveka that if there are two different subjects, there would be no rivalry of Rasas. Someone may urge that herein we have only the Vira - neither Sțngāra nor Bibhatsa but only Rati and Jugupsă act as accessories towards the Virarasa. True. Still, the illustration is apt, for there is no rivalry between Rati and Jugupsā. This involves Āśrayaikya or sameness of substratum.
iv. The fourth method of resolving the rivalry of the Rasas and avoiding the blemish arising from it is to make one Rasa predominant and the other one subordinate. Now, this subordinate position of a rival Rasa may be natural or deliberate. For instance, in the sentiment of Love in seperation, disease, etc., though likely to give rise to Bibhatsa, are, by their very nature, parts of the love in separation, and hence they can never mar the effect of that Rasa. Disease etc. are parts of Karuna, too.
Very often, the indicators or consequents (Anubhāvas) of a contrary Rasa are brought near the predominate Rasa, but because these Anubhāvas of the Rival Rasa are not strong enough to develop the rival Rasa, they are subordinated to the main Rasa.
Sometimes two contrary Rasas are brought under and subordinated to a third Rasa - a predominant Rasa. In such a case, no Rasaprātikūlya takes place. Thus, in the verse (195), the fire of the cities burnt by Lord Sambhu is described as clinging to the bodies of the wives of demons in those cities. Here, Raudrarasa arises from the description of the terrible fire. And Árngara from the description of the prostrate lovers. Now, it is difficult to bring together these two rival Rasas. But the poet subordinates them to wonder and reverence for Lord Shankara, and avoids the fault.
299
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org