________________
called Rasa? The reply is: It is called Rasa because it cam be savoured (Asvadyatvāt). How does one savour a Rasa? As gourmets (men of taste) are able to savour the flavour of food prepared with many spices, and attain pleasure etc., SO sensitive spectators (Sumanasaḥ), savour the primary emotions, suggested (Abhivyañjita) by the presentation or enactment of the Bhavas and presented with the appropriate modulations of the voice, movements of the body and display of involuntary reactions, and attain pleasure and so forth. Therefore, they are called Natyarasāḥ ( dramatic flavours). Then he quotes the two Anuvamsya verses (N. S. VI. 35-36) which mean "As gourmets savour food prepared with many tasty ingradients (Dravyas) and many spices, so sensitive people enjoy in their minds the permanent emotions presented with different kinds of the acting or representation of (transient) emotions (and the presentation of their causes). This is why they all (ie., the Bhavas) are known as Nāṭyarasāḥ." Mutual Relation between Rasa and Bhāva
come
In relation to the question as to whether Bhāvas from Rasas or Rasas emanate from Bhāvas, Bharata states: "Some people hold that they arise from their relation of mutual dependence, but this is not true. The reason is that we actually find that Rasas proceed from the Bhavas and not the other way around." Bharata's verses bearing on this point state that (1) those who stage dramas should know that the Bhavas are so called because they give rise to (Bhavayanti) Rasas that are related to the different kinds of acting. As a spicy flavour is created from many dravyas, so the Bhavas alongwith various types of acting create Rasas. (In literature) there is. no Rasa without Bhava, nor any Bhava without Rasa. Their realization in gesture is dependent upon their relation of mutural dependence. As a combination of herbs and species will bring (Nayet) food to tastiness (Svādutām), in the same way Bhāvas and Rasas create (Bhavayanti) each other. As a tree arises from a seed, and from the tree a flower and fruit,
Jain Education International
196
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
