________________ 5. Anusaya 105 the heretical view noted above) and the Vaibhashikas denied the existence of anusayas apart from the paryavasthanas. According to them a mind is akusala only when passions are in operation. There is no such thing as purely latent passions. The Vatsiputriyas maintained a difference between the anusayas and paryavasthanas. But they said that the anusayas are chitta-viprayuk ta-sanskaras, and hence could co-exist with kusala dharmas. But paryavasthanas are chitta-samprayukta-samskaras and therefore cannot operate with kusala dharmas. They include the anusayas in prapti, a viprayukta-sanskara of the Vaibhashika list. The Sautrantikas maintained that the anusayas as well as the kusala elements (bijas) co-exist side by side in the form of subtle seeds, but only one of them operates at one time. When the anusayas operate (i.e. become paryavasthanas), the mind is akusala. When the seeds of kusala operate the mind is kusala. All these views are well represented in a controversy on the meaning of a sutra passage preserved in the Bhashya, the Vgitti and also in the Atthakathas. A question is raised whether a term like raganusaya should be taken as a karmadharaya or as a genitive tatpurusha compound. The former (i.e. raga eva anusayah) goes against a sutra passage which says : "Here a person has a mind beset and (paryavasthita) by no sensuality (kama-raga); he knows the real escape thereform; * this obsession of sensuality (kama-raga-paryavasthana) if vigorously combated is destroyed together with its propensities thereto (sanusayam prahiyate)."1 By using the term 'sanusayam' the Sutra makes it clear that paryavasthana and anusaya are not identical. The Vatsiputriya here suggests that the term sanusayam means 'together with anusaya, i.e. a viprayukta-samskara called prapti. But this contention goes against Abhidharma where it is said that the raganusaya is associated with three kinds of feelings. Prapti being a viprayukta cannot associate with a chaitasika. Therefore, anusaya cannot be a viprayukta. S 1 Vide Adv. p. 221. . 2 Ibid. n. 4.
