Traverses on Less Trodden Path of Indian Philosophy and Religion

Author(s): Yajneshwar S Shastri
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

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Traverses on less trodden path...
karma can be annihilated through penance.41 Destruction of all types of karma is mokşa or liberation. These tattvas are defined and explai. ned in the Prasamarali, using similar iterms as used in T.S.B Parallel lines are found between T.S. and Praśamarati at several places. 14
Though there is a remarkable similarity of the line of thought bet. ween T. S. and Prasamarati, it differs from T.S. in certain respects. Vivalaksanas (characteristics of Jiva) are explained in Prasamarali as not only Consciousness, but right faith, right knowledge, right conduct, power and virtue of learning 45 as against T.S. which defines soul as having charac. teristic of Consciousness 46 T.S. mentions only five characteristic conditions (bhāvās) of the soul, 47 whereas Prašamarati adds one more bháva, i.e. sannipatika (product of mixed five bhāvās), making total six bhāvās of the soul. 8 Order of anuprekşās and ten kinds of dhormas are slightly modified to suit his metrical need. 4 9 Again the sthāvaras (immobilo souls) are counted in T.S. as of three kinds Bo, whereas in Prasamarati, they are counted as five kinds--those living in the bodies of carth, water, fire, air and vegetable.51 Umāsvāti in this work has made certain improvements on Z.S. though the content of it does not go much beyond what is contained in T.S. Instead of seven tattvas of T.S. nine tattvas are accepted and explained in detail for the benifit of layman. Papa and punya are these two more additional tattvas, which are most important from the practical point of view 52. Introducing these two more tuttvas, it induces the layınen to observe good conduct to obtain Svargaloka in reward of their good conduct. 63 Again in T.S. only five substances are directly mentioned. 84 The substance 'Kala' is separately mentioned as accepted by others. 56 But in Prasamarati käla' is included in the list of a jivas. 56 Another very important improvement on T.S. is that Prasama. rati gives the processes of kevalısamuighata and yoganirodha which are untouched by T.S.57 41. Ibid. IX-3.
42. Ibid. X-3.
43. PRP.-220-221, 44. (a) T.S.-1-1-4, 9-11, 13, 31-32. PRP.--230-1, 222-3 etc.
b) Ibid-IT-1-2, 8, 10, PRP.-196, 197, 195 etc. (c) Ibid-III-1, PRP.-212.
(d) TS-V-1-4. 5-6, 9, 11; PRP-207, 214, 213 etc. 45. Samyaktvajtiānacāritraviryrgaśiksäg unāḥ, PRP-218. 46. T.S. II-8.
51. PRP - 192. 47. Ibid.-II-1.
52. Ibid-189. 48. PRP. 196-197.
53. Ibid-302-307. 49. PRP.-196. 149-162.
54. T.S. V-1. 50. T.S. II-13.
55. Kalasca it yeke-T.S. V-38. 56. Dharmadharmakasani pudgalah kala eva cajivāh, PRP, 207. 57. PRP. 272-274, 277-280.