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Traverses on less trodden path...
intellectuals, cannot see even impermanence of dharmas, existence of all elements dharmanairātmya). Without realisation of both i.e. pudgalaniratmya (non-substantiality of soul) and dharmanairālmya (non-substantiality of all elements) it is not possible to reach the state of Nirvana. Again, Nirvana is not something which can be gained or achieved as Hinayapists believe. There is no difference between Nirvana and Samsāra ultimately. Nirvāņa is not merely annibilation or extinction of misery but it is realisation of tbe germ of Buddhahood which is within one's own heart. It is nothing new but transcending the subject-object duality a d giving up the all stand points,
We have seen that, Mabāyānists describe Reality in positive as well as in negative terms like Upanişidic thinkers. Nāgārjuna emphasised the negative aspect of it, while Vijñānavādıns describe Reality in positive as well as in negative terms.
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